wHaOVQSilXM-00000-00000014-00000245 the Federation of the European
wHaOVQSilXM-00001-00000246-00000451 biochemical societies frequently
wHaOVQSilXM-00002-00000452-00000655 abbreviated PHEVs is an international
wHaOVQSilXM-00003-00000656-00000883 scientific society promoting activities
wHaOVQSilXM-00004-00000884-00001124 in biochemistry molecular biology and
wHaOVQSilXM-00005-00001125-00001399 molecular biophysics in Europe since it
wHaOVQSilXM-00006-00001400-00001651 was founded in 1964 it has grown to
wHaOVQSilXM-00007-00001652-00001922 include almost 40,000 members from 36
wHaOVQSilXM-00008-00001923-00002143 member societies and 7 associated
wHaOVQSilXM-00009-00002144-00002948 societies from 43 countries one topic
wHaOVQSilXM-00010-00002949-00003590 present activities Feb on sirs advanced
wHaOVQSilXM-00011-00003590-00003820 courses for PhD students and postdocs
wHaOVQSilXM-00012-00003821-00004004 arranges conferences and awards
wHaOVQSilXM-00013-00004004-00004283 fellowships awards and medals feds
wHaOVQSilXM-00014-00004284-00004486 distribute surplus scientific equipment
wHaOVQSilXM-00015-00004487-00004688 in the poorer member countries as a part
wHaOVQSilXM-00016-00004689-00004895 of the scientific apparatus recycling
wHaOVQSilXM-00017-00004896-00005197 scheme SARS in addition Phibbs gives
wHaOVQSilXM-00018-00005198-00005354 young scientists from Eastern and
wHaOVQSilXM-00019-00005355-00005545 Central Europe a possibility to visit
wHaOVQSilXM-00020-00005546-00005813 and work in labs in Western Europe fed's
wHaOVQSilXM-00021-00005814-00006011 collaborates with related scientific
wHaOVQSilXM-00022-00006012-00006193 societies such as the European molecular
wHaOVQSilXM-00023-00006194-00006509 biology organization EMBO European life
wHaOVQSilXM-00024-00006509-00006758 scientist organisation Els oh and the
wHaOVQSilXM-00025-00006759-00006948 European molecular biology laboratory
wHaOVQSilXM-00026-00006950-00007289 EMBL Ferb's is also founding member of
wHaOVQSilXM-00027-00007290-00007935 the initiative for science in Europe
wHaOVQSilXM-00028-00007936-00008551 topic sir hans krebs lecture and medal
wHaOVQSilXM-00029-00008552-00008801 the sir hans krebs medal is awarded
wHaOVQSilXM-00030-00008802-00009023 annually for outstanding achievements in
wHaOVQSilXM-00031-00009024-00009227 biochemistry and molecular biology or
wHaOVQSilXM-00032-00009228-00009512 related sciences it was endowed by the
wHaOVQSilXM-00033-00009513-00009713 lord rank center for research and named
wHaOVQSilXM-00034-00009714-00009931 after the German born British biochemist
wHaOVQSilXM-00035-00009932-00010121 Hans Adolf Krebs well known for
wHaOVQSilXM-00036-00010122-00010324 identifying the urea in citric acid
wHaOVQSilXM-00037-00010325-00010601 cycles the awardee receives a silver
wHaOVQSilXM-00038-00010602-00010748 medal and presents one of the plenary
wHaOVQSilXM-00039-00010749-00011483 lectures at the fed's congress topic
wHaOVQSilXM-00040-00011484-00012041 data lectureship and medal the data
wHaOVQSilXM-00041-00012042-00012196 lectureship award is awarded for
wHaOVQSilXM-00042-00012197-00012388 outstanding achievements in the field of
wHaOVQSilXM-00043-00012389-00012592 biochemistry and molecular biology or
wHaOVQSilXM-00044-00012593-00012908 related sciences the award is endowed by
wHaOVQSilXM-00045-00012909-00013091 capital gifts from Elsevier science
wHaOVQSilXM-00046-00013091-00013291 publishers and is named after s Prakash
wHaOVQSilXM-00047-00013293-00013505 data the first managing editor of Phipps
wHaOVQSilXM-00048-00013506-00013861 letters 1968 to 1985 and treasurer of
wHaOVQSilXM-00049-00013862-00014141 ebbs the awardee who should normally be
wHaOVQSilXM-00050-00014141-00014341 from a Feb country receives a medal
wHaOVQSilXM-00051-00014343-00014533 provided by Elsevier science publishers
wHaOVQSilXM-00052-00014534-00014722 and presents one of the plenary lectures
wHaOVQSilXM-00053-00014723-00015482 at the fed's Congress topic Theodor
wHaOVQSilXM-00054-00015483-00016033 Booher lecture and medal the Theodor
wHaOVQSilXM-00055-00016034-00016205 boja lecture and medal is awarded for
wHaOVQSilXM-00056-00016206-00016411 outstanding achievements in biochemistry
wHaOVQSilXM-00057-00016412-00016607 and molecular biology or related
wHaOVQSilXM-00058-00016608-00016861 sciences it was endowed by a capital
wHaOVQSilXM-00059-00016862-00017050 gift from frau ingrid bore her to the
wHaOVQSilXM-00060-00017051-00017269 Gessle shaft fur biochem Eon molecular
wHaOVQSilXM-00061-00017270-00017504 biology GBM and is named after the
wHaOVQSilXM-00062-00017505-00017789 german biochemist Theodor boja the
wHaOVQSilXM-00063-00017790-00017969 awardee receives a silver medal and
wHaOVQSilXM-00064-00017970-00018139 presents one of the plenary lectures at
wHaOVQSilXM-00065-00018140-00019286 the fed's Congress topic journals Phipps
wHaOVQSilXM-00066-00019287-00019514 publishes for scientific journals fed's
wHaOVQSilXM-00067-00019515-00019694 journal Phipps letters and molecular
wHaOVQSilXM-00068-00019695-00019900 oncology infects open bio
wHaOVQSilXM-00069-00019901-00020147 Phibbs journal was previously known as
wHaOVQSilXM-00070-00020148-00020357 the european journal of biochemistry
wHaOVQSilXM-00071-00020358-00020572 fibbs journal publishes full-length
wHaOVQSilXM-00072-00020573-00020786 research reports whereas Phipps letters
wHaOVQSilXM-00073-00020787-00021000 is dedicated to brief and rapid reports
wHaOVQSilXM-00074-00021001-00021753 fibs open bio is an open access journal
wHaOVQSilXM-00075-00021754-00022259 topic see also
wHaOVQSilXM-00076-00022260-00022683 life sciences Switzerland
wJBiJW3P2w8-00000-00000006-00000545 foreign
wJBiJW3P2w8-00001-00000546-00001918 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00002-00001919-00002933 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00003-00002934-00003303 foreign
wJBiJW3P2w8-00004-00003304-00004643 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00005-00004644-00005165 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00006-00005166-00006737 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00007-00006738-00007096 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00008-00007097-00007412 foreign
wJBiJW3P2w8-00009-00007413-00008189 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00010-00008190-00010181 foreign
wJBiJW3P2w8-00011-00010182-00011251 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00012-00011252-00012595 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00013-00012596-00013169 thank you
wJBiJW3P2w8-00014-00013169-00013447 foreign
wJBiJW3P2w8-00015-00013449-00015119 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00016-00015119-00015306 foreign
wJBiJW3P2w8-00017-00015307-00016321 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00018-00016322-00017742 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00019-00017743-00018250 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00020-00018251-00018640 foreign
wJBiJW3P2w8-00021-00018641-00019258 [Music]
wJBiJW3P2w8-00022-00019259-00019531 foreign
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00000-00001000-00002647 so
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00001-00002648-00002815 league of legends season 1 helped bring
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00002-00002816-00002966 the excitement of summoner's rift to the
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00003-00002967-00003206 global esports arena the season one
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00004-00003207-00003375 championship earlier this year broke
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00005-00003376-00003575 viewership records and i'm excited to
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00006-00003576-00003759 share our plans for season two to
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00007-00003760-00003990 encourage even more competitive play and
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00008-00003992-00004431 even better experience for our fans
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00009-00004432-00004622 this season players from every corner of
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00010-00004623-00004775 the globe will have a chance to compete
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00011-00004776-00005022 for an unprecedented 5 million prize
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00012-00005023-00005199 pool the prizing will be distributed
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00013-00005200-00005415 throughout the season culminating in a 2
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00014-00005416-00005711 million global championship tournament
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00015-00005712-00005886 the world's most prestigious tournaments
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00016-00005887-00006079 will determine the best teams from each
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00017-00006080-00006270 region the best teams from all around
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00018-00006271-00006431 the world will earn their spots to
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00019-00006431-00006663 compete for an audience of millions
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00020-00006664-00006863 at the season 2 world championship
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00021-00006864-00007070 with our all new spectator mode fans
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00022-00007072-00007223 will be able to watch thousands of
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00023-00007223-00007439 competitive matches happening in
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00024-00007440-00007598 hundreds of tournaments throughout
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00025-00007600-00007734 season two
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00026-00007736-00007870 we're excited to share all these
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00027-00007872-00008046 incredible new features with you you can
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00028-00008047-00008191 stay up to date on everything you need
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00029-00008192-00008383 to know at our website league of legends
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00030-00008384-00008551 dot com we look forward to seeing who
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00031-00008552-00008678 rises to the challenge on the
wK4gOn9rQxQ-00032-00008679-00009075 competitive fields of justice
wMcgW6M4EpY-00000-00000025-00000966 [Music]
wMcgW6M4EpY-00001-00000967-00001629 so
wMcgW6M4EpY-00002-00001630-00002118 [Music]
wMcgW6M4EpY-00003-00002119-00002639 so
wMcgW6M4EpY-00004-00002640-00005612 [Music]
wMcgW6M4EpY-00005-00005613-00006286 [Music]
wMcgW6M4EpY-00006-00006287-00006587 so
wQxF_QFplw4-00000-00000424-00000574 um
wQxF_QFplw4-00001-00000575-00001671 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00002-00001672-00002246 oh
wQxF_QFplw4-00003-00002247-00004238 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00004-00004239-00004454 still working on some things on the
wQxF_QFplw4-00005-00004455-00004599 inside
wQxF_QFplw4-00006-00004600-00004959 there's a lesson in a struggle
wQxF_QFplw4-00007-00004960-00005199 this one starts swinging by had to take
wQxF_QFplw4-00008-00005200-00005318 my time
wQxF_QFplw4-00009-00005319-00005679 so many times i've stumbled yet
wQxF_QFplw4-00010-00005680-00006015 all of us can relate to some if i could
wQxF_QFplw4-00011-00006016-00006279 take it all away
wQxF_QFplw4-00012-00006280-00006639 would i like who i am today
wQxF_QFplw4-00013-00006640-00006991 i won't see what it's all about
wQxF_QFplw4-00014-00006992-00007351 i'm just trying to work it out
wQxF_QFplw4-00015-00007352-00007727 if you want to see brighter days then
wQxF_QFplw4-00016-00007728-00008167 you got to do what it takes try to hold
wQxF_QFplw4-00017-00008168-00008687 up a little tears
wQxF_QFplw4-00018-00008688-00009774 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00019-00009775-00010666 proven we're
wQxF_QFplw4-00020-00010667-00011038 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00021-00011039-00011206 sometimes
wQxF_QFplw4-00022-00011207-00011634 we have
wQxF_QFplw4-00023-00011635-00012367 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00024-00012368-00012719 we won't see what it's all
wQxF_QFplw4-00025-00012720-00013516 cause we're about trying to work it out
wQxF_QFplw4-00026-00013518-00014681 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00027-00014682-00016503 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00028-00016504-00016663 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00029-00016664-00017735 we won't see what it's all about
wQxF_QFplw4-00030-00017736-00018908 then we got to do what it takes
wQxF_QFplw4-00031-00018909-00021122 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00032-00021123-00023303 [Music]
wQxF_QFplw4-00033-00023304-00023512 you
wUcf57ha6lu-00000-00000000-00000329 foreign
wUcf57ha6lu-00001-00000330-00001982 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00002-00001982-00003061 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00003-00003062-00004043 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00004-00004044-00004141 foreign
wUcf57ha6lu-00005-00004142-00006253 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00006-00006254-00007192 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00007-00007193-00007331 foreign
wUcf57ha6lu-00008-00007333-00010024 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00009-00010025-00010381 foreign
wUcf57ha6lu-00010-00010382-00012725 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00011-00012726-00013127 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00012-00013128-00013396 foreign
wUcf57ha6lu-00014-00016631-00016853 foreign
wUcf57ha6lu-00015-00016854-00019197 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00016-00019198-00019955 [Music]
wUcf57ha6lu-00017-00019956-00020089 foreign
wUcf57ha6lu-00018-00020090-00022833 [Music]
wVsCOx2WUt0-00000-00000256-00000526 it's the first day of august
wVsCOx2WUt0-00001-00000527-00000615 and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00002-00000616-00001023 thank you for registering in our website
wVsCOx2WUt0-00003-00001024-00001239 my website
wVsCOx2WUt0-00004-00001240-00001767 by the way today i am filming at 8 00 37
wVsCOx2WUt0-00005-00001768-00001975 in the morning that i would like to send
wVsCOx2WUt0-00006-00001976-00002310 to you a welcoming video and also how to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00007-00002311-00002567 achieve your goals to becoming confident
wVsCOx2WUt0-00008-00002568-00002831 english speaker we're gonna be
wVsCOx2WUt0-00009-00002832-00003126 improving your skills and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00010-00003127-00003390 adapting the awareness to becoming a
wVsCOx2WUt0-00011-00003392-00003622 confident english speaker and to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00012-00003623-00003967 overcome your fear in speaking english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00013-00003968-00004327 well for those who do not know me yet i
wVsCOx2WUt0-00014-00004328-00004486 am kitty
wVsCOx2WUt0-00015-00004487-00004686 and i'm reciting right now in an
wVsCOx2WUt0-00016-00004687-00005135 archipelago of the philippines
wVsCOx2WUt0-00017-00005136-00005406 and i'm an independent
wVsCOx2WUt0-00018-00005407-00005702 english tutor i should say that i'm a
wVsCOx2WUt0-00019-00005703-00006047 corporate english tutor also well where
wVsCOx2WUt0-00020-00006048-00006334 i'm catering different nationalities and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00021-00006335-00006598 different levels in english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00022-00006600-00006959 i teach english to speak with clarity
wVsCOx2WUt0-00023-00006959-00007342 confidence and credibility building your
wVsCOx2WUt0-00024-00007343-00007591 self-worth when it comes of speaking
wVsCOx2WUt0-00025-00007592-00007823 english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00026-00007823-00008039 and i would like to share with you
wVsCOx2WUt0-00027-00008040-00008231 because
wVsCOx2WUt0-00028-00008232-00008495 as a non-native english speaker
wVsCOx2WUt0-00029-00008496-00008863 i understand the fear of making mistakes
wVsCOx2WUt0-00030-00008864-00008967 and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00031-00008968-00009295 even now sometimes i do mistakes but i
wVsCOx2WUt0-00032-00009296-00009527 am overcoming this kind of fear and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00033-00009528-00009831 learning my skills hunting it
wVsCOx2WUt0-00034-00009832-00010167 at the same time we are
wVsCOx2WUt0-00035-00010168-00010487 growing together to improve our speaking
wVsCOx2WUt0-00036-00010488-00010631 english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00037-00010632-00010927 do not be stagnant if you can't speak
wVsCOx2WUt0-00038-00010928-00011191 english really well right now
wVsCOx2WUt0-00039-00011192-00011342 that was okay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00040-00011343-00011623 that is totally fine the most important
wVsCOx2WUt0-00041-00011624-00011903 thing is you are not going to stop to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00042-00011904-00012127 learn to enjoy
wVsCOx2WUt0-00043-00012128-00012478 english as well as thinking in english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00044-00012479-00012663 it's really
wVsCOx2WUt0-00045-00012664-00013071 vital for us to enjoy speaking english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00046-00013072-00013263 just like right now
wVsCOx2WUt0-00047-00013263-00013535 i am taking this opportunity for you to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00048-00013536-00013671 speak out
wVsCOx2WUt0-00049-00013672-00014111 because if we can't who will
wVsCOx2WUt0-00050-00014112-00014343 all right we will be tackling those kind
wVsCOx2WUt0-00051-00014344-00014503 of
wVsCOx2WUt0-00052-00014504-00014807 practice speaking english and what i'm
wVsCOx2WUt0-00053-00014808-00015150 teaching english to my students
wVsCOx2WUt0-00054-00015151-00015311 well
wVsCOx2WUt0-00055-00015312-00015535 okay without further ado we will start
wVsCOx2WUt0-00056-00015536-00015663 right now
wVsCOx2WUt0-00057-00015663-00015879 but i would like to tell you i'm not
wVsCOx2WUt0-00058-00015880-00016183 handing anything i'm not holding any
wVsCOx2WUt0-00059-00016184-00016415 papers or i have i haven't prepared
wVsCOx2WUt0-00060-00016416-00016622 anything i just want to speak with you
wVsCOx2WUt0-00061-00016623-00016894 normally i mean
wVsCOx2WUt0-00062-00016895-00017071 in a casual way
wVsCOx2WUt0-00063-00017072-00017255 because
wVsCOx2WUt0-00064-00017256-00017494 this english language is not just only
wVsCOx2WUt0-00065-00017495-00017655 for written text
wVsCOx2WUt0-00066-00017656-00017783 or
wVsCOx2WUt0-00067-00017784-00018022 it's not just only while you are handing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00068-00018023-00018183 a paper you have to memorize in your
wVsCOx2WUt0-00069-00018184-00018383 head when you are speaking english i
wVsCOx2WUt0-00070-00018384-00018775 want you to overcome your fear in
wVsCOx2WUt0-00071-00018776-00018975 speaking english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00072-00018976-00019271 because i always do i put myself in a
wVsCOx2WUt0-00073-00019272-00019503 very difficult situation like public
wVsCOx2WUt0-00074-00019504-00019679 speaking to my
wVsCOx2WUt0-00075-00019680-00019991 audience says and also with my
wVsCOx2WUt0-00076-00019992-00020150 students for the first time whom i'm
wVsCOx2WUt0-00077-00020151-00020263 meeting
wVsCOx2WUt0-00078-00020264-00020535 whether they are two three or more than
wVsCOx2WUt0-00079-00020536-00020863 ten students that's fine you just have
wVsCOx2WUt0-00080-00020864-00021103 to ace your speaking english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00081-00021104-00021494 by overcoming it and by doing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00082-00021495-00021727 it in a habit
wVsCOx2WUt0-00083-00021728-00021991 or filming yourself
wVsCOx2WUt0-00084-00021992-00022327 in a video camera on your phone
wVsCOx2WUt0-00085-00022328-00022478 these things
wVsCOx2WUt0-00086-00022479-00022671 okay so
wVsCOx2WUt0-00087-00022672-00022935 i just want to share some nuggets of
wVsCOx2WUt0-00088-00022936-00023119 informations about
wVsCOx2WUt0-00089-00023120-00023455 becoming english confident speaker
wVsCOx2WUt0-00090-00023456-00023591 number one
wVsCOx2WUt0-00091-00023592-00023958 to overcome your fear is that
wVsCOx2WUt0-00092-00023959-00024183 no
wVsCOx2WUt0-00093-00024184-00024358 english speakers
wVsCOx2WUt0-00094-00024359-00024478 are shy
wVsCOx2WUt0-00095-00024479-00024894 so you shouldn't be shy
wVsCOx2WUt0-00096-00024895-00025191 why it's because if you are shy how
wVsCOx2WUt0-00097-00025192-00025447 could you speak right
wVsCOx2WUt0-00098-00025448-00025750 so try your best not to be shy by
wVsCOx2WUt0-00099-00025751-00026070 filming yourself or recording yourself
wVsCOx2WUt0-00100-00026072-00026327 on a camera
wVsCOx2WUt0-00101-00026327-00026487 that is the first thing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00102-00026488-00026662 recording yourself
wVsCOx2WUt0-00103-00026663-00027118 on a voice recorder or a camera
wVsCOx2WUt0-00104-00027119-00027358 second thing is that work on your
wVsCOx2WUt0-00105-00027360-00027735 pronunciation and i'll say your accent
wVsCOx2WUt0-00106-00027736-00027958 don't worry too much about accent
wVsCOx2WUt0-00107-00027960-00028287 because even though you have a sharp
wVsCOx2WUt0-00108-00028288-00028543 accent roughly
wVsCOx2WUt0-00109-00028544-00028774 that's totally fine because we have our
wVsCOx2WUt0-00110-00028775-00028983 uniqueness we have a different
wVsCOx2WUt0-00111-00028983-00029270 nationalities where we can expose our
wVsCOx2WUt0-00112-00029272-00029607 accent and that's really interesting
wVsCOx2WUt0-00113-00029608-00029846 when we are speaking english and we
wVsCOx2WUt0-00114-00029847-00030070 speak a different accent it's totally
wVsCOx2WUt0-00115-00030072-00030199 fine
wVsCOx2WUt0-00116-00030200-00030431 because that is not our goal our goal is
wVsCOx2WUt0-00117-00030432-00030639 to speak with clarity confidence and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00118-00030639-00030879 credibility that has
wVsCOx2WUt0-00119-00030880-00031199 its own positive impact to people and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00120-00031200-00031479 when they think of us they just
wVsCOx2WUt0-00121-00031480-00031735 smiled
wVsCOx2WUt0-00122-00031736-00032062 and that is the most important thing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00123-00032063-00032167 for us
wVsCOx2WUt0-00124-00032168-00032446 to speak english competently so number
wVsCOx2WUt0-00125-00032447-00032551 one
wVsCOx2WUt0-00126-00032552-00032951 yet jetted down is recording yourself
wVsCOx2WUt0-00127-00032952-00033190 even though you don't have a teacher
wVsCOx2WUt0-00128-00033191-00033423 if you can't pay your teacher that's
wVsCOx2WUt0-00129-00033424-00033702 totally fine just record yourself and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00130-00033703-00034046 your voice yeah second thing is sing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00131-00034047-00034239 english yeah because you will get the
wVsCOx2WUt0-00132-00034240-00034446 melody and the rhythm
wVsCOx2WUt0-00133-00034447-00034783 of singing as same as
wVsCOx2WUt0-00134-00034784-00034902 english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00135-00034903-00035399 yeah let's uh make an example
wVsCOx2WUt0-00136-00035400-00035759 i've been waiting
wVsCOx2WUt0-00137-00035760-00036143 i've been waiting
wVsCOx2WUt0-00138-00036144-00036255 okay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00139-00036256-00036483 i've been
wVsCOx2WUt0-00140-00036484-00036759 waiting no i'm just pulling your legs
wVsCOx2WUt0-00141-00036760-00037095 pulling your legs means i'm just kidding
wVsCOx2WUt0-00142-00037096-00037383 okay um what kind of song
wVsCOx2WUt0-00143-00037384-00037518 should we sing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00144-00037519-00037759 let us sing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00145-00037760-00038087 uh let it go right let it let it go
wVsCOx2WUt0-00146-00038088-00038223 let it go
wVsCOx2WUt0-00147-00038224-00038479 let it go
wVsCOx2WUt0-00148-00038480-00038855 the perfect girl is gone
wVsCOx2WUt0-00149-00038856-00039215 here i stay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00150-00039216-00039374 you see there's a rhythm there's a
wVsCOx2WUt0-00151-00039375-00039615 melody and when you arrange your voice
wVsCOx2WUt0-00152-00039616-00039823 up and high
wVsCOx2WUt0-00153-00039824-00039935 your
wVsCOx2WUt0-00154-00039936-00040135 diaphragm
wVsCOx2WUt0-00155-00040136-00040415 could feel a lot of air and while you
wVsCOx2WUt0-00156-00040416-00040630 are releasing that
wVsCOx2WUt0-00157-00040631-00040983 it vibrates to your throat to your vocal
wVsCOx2WUt0-00158-00040984-00041279 cords so that's why it creates
wVsCOx2WUt0-00159-00041280-00041567 sounds that's where your voice
wVsCOx2WUt0-00160-00041568-00041679 come from
wVsCOx2WUt0-00161-00041680-00041871 yeah
wVsCOx2WUt0-00162-00041872-00042079 that's just an example you know you can
wVsCOx2WUt0-00163-00042080-00042279 have any
wVsCOx2WUt0-00164-00042280-00042583 other songs that you could memorize and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00165-00042584-00042751 just sing it
wVsCOx2WUt0-00166-00042752-00042983 yeah i also do that when i first
wVsCOx2WUt0-00167-00042984-00043102 studying
wVsCOx2WUt0-00168-00043103-00043318 i mean yeah studying
wVsCOx2WUt0-00169-00043319-00043455 japanese
wVsCOx2WUt0-00170-00043456-00043846 yeah i i sing japanese songs
wVsCOx2WUt0-00171-00043847-00044151 yeah would you like an example
wVsCOx2WUt0-00172-00044152-00045127 okay i'll give it an example
wVsCOx2WUt0-00173-00045128-00045471 yeah you see there's a rhythm of each
wVsCOx2WUt0-00174-00045472-00045743 language that's why the second thing is
wVsCOx2WUt0-00175-00045744-00045983 sing sing sing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00176-00045984-00046207 english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00177-00046208-00046543 sing english all right and then the
wVsCOx2WUt0-00178-00046544-00046727 third one
wVsCOx2WUt0-00179-00046728-00047199 yeah the third one is
wVsCOx2WUt0-00180-00047200-00047599 try to join two group classes where you
wVsCOx2WUt0-00181-00047600-00048062 can expose your english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00182-00048063-00048230 yes it's
wVsCOx2WUt0-00183-00048231-00048383 very helpful
wVsCOx2WUt0-00184-00048384-00048662 because in that time you're exposing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00185-00048663-00048871 yourself overcoming your fear in
wVsCOx2WUt0-00186-00048872-00049055 speaking
wVsCOx2WUt0-00187-00049056-00049455 and when you overcome your fear in
wVsCOx2WUt0-00188-00049456-00049743 speaking english to the group
wVsCOx2WUt0-00189-00049744-00050071 you have already win it
wVsCOx2WUt0-00190-00050072-00050246 you have already
wVsCOx2WUt0-00191-00050247-00050374 made
wVsCOx2WUt0-00192-00050375-00050895 a very productive and progressive
wVsCOx2WUt0-00193-00050896-00051158 factors in your speaking english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00194-00051159-00051479 i tell you it really works okay so if we
wVsCOx2WUt0-00195-00051479-00051726 have so many free platforms
wVsCOx2WUt0-00196-00051727-00052119 or how would you say that uh group
wVsCOx2WUt0-00197-00052120-00052375 classes where they could conduct online
wVsCOx2WUt0-00198-00052376-00052615 just expose yourself in speaking english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00199-00052616-00052950 try to participate in their classes
wVsCOx2WUt0-00200-00052951-00053223 and uh of course help the influencers
wVsCOx2WUt0-00201-00053224-00053383 too because they're doing their best
wVsCOx2WUt0-00202-00053384-00053615 [Laughter]
wVsCOx2WUt0-00203-00053616-00053942 yes just like their videos and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00204-00053944-00054207 support them so you can give back no
wVsCOx2WUt0-00205-00054208-00054382 it's not just
wVsCOx2WUt0-00206-00054383-00054550 you are attending the classes but you
wVsCOx2WUt0-00207-00054551-00054830 can help the organizers as well yeah
wVsCOx2WUt0-00208-00054832-00054999 just give back
wVsCOx2WUt0-00209-00055000-00055254 just give back and have a win-win
wVsCOx2WUt0-00210-00055255-00055415 situation
wVsCOx2WUt0-00211-00055416-00055591 business
wVsCOx2WUt0-00212-00055591-00055703 okay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00213-00055704-00055887 and um
wVsCOx2WUt0-00214-00055888-00056175 that's the third thing let's enumerate
wVsCOx2WUt0-00215-00056176-00056487 the first one is
wVsCOx2WUt0-00216-00056488-00056716 we have two
wVsCOx2WUt0-00217-00056716-00056894 [Music]
wVsCOx2WUt0-00218-00056895-00057166 we have two
wVsCOx2WUt0-00219-00057167-00057438 uh to think in english as well yeah it's
wVsCOx2WUt0-00220-00057439-00057726 really important yeah
wVsCOx2WUt0-00221-00057727-00058175 the first one i almost forgot oh my god
wVsCOx2WUt0-00222-00058176-00058359 okay the first one
wVsCOx2WUt0-00223-00058360-00058711 that we were talking before is recording
wVsCOx2WUt0-00224-00058712-00059079 ourselves yeah recording our subs or in
wVsCOx2WUt0-00225-00059079-00059399 a video whether in a video or
wVsCOx2WUt0-00226-00059400-00059638 voice recorder so we could hear our
wVsCOx2WUt0-00227-00059639-00059935 voice our tonality
wVsCOx2WUt0-00228-00059936-00060063 the second
wVsCOx2WUt0-00229-00060064-00060399 one is sing english the third one is
wVsCOx2WUt0-00230-00060400-00060591 join group class
wVsCOx2WUt0-00231-00060591-00060871 the fourth one is as much as possible we
wVsCOx2WUt0-00232-00060872-00061071 try to think in english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00233-00061072-00061350 yeah i believe that you have heard that
wVsCOx2WUt0-00234-00061351-00061726 many times think in english in that case
wVsCOx2WUt0-00235-00061727-00062023 it doesn't like literally you're gonna
wVsCOx2WUt0-00236-00062024-00062294 be thinking in english it's just like
wVsCOx2WUt0-00237-00062295-00062647 you've got to speak english to yourself
wVsCOx2WUt0-00238-00062648-00062903 yeah say it not just think but
wVsCOx2WUt0-00239-00062904-00063247 say it let's say for example oh god it's
wVsCOx2WUt0-00240-00063248-00063542 too hot i would like to switch on my air
wVsCOx2WUt0-00241-00063544-00063766 condition
wVsCOx2WUt0-00242-00063767-00064038 just like that simple oh when i wake up
wVsCOx2WUt0-00243-00064039-00064415 in the morning i could hear some birds
wVsCOx2WUt0-00244-00064416-00064542 coming
wVsCOx2WUt0-00245-00064544-00064694 outside
wVsCOx2WUt0-00246-00064695-00064879 by the window
wVsCOx2WUt0-00247-00064879-00065126 i would like to sip a cup of coffee
wVsCOx2WUt0-00248-00065127-00065391 oh god i'd like to check my facebook
wVsCOx2WUt0-00249-00065391-00065463 crush
wVsCOx2WUt0-00250-00065464-00065655 [Laughter]
wVsCOx2WUt0-00251-00065656-00065775 these things
wVsCOx2WUt0-00252-00065776-00066055 did you see
wVsCOx2WUt0-00253-00066056-00066159 yeah
wVsCOx2WUt0-00254-00066160-00066423 it's important right to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00255-00066424-00066823 think and say english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00256-00066824-00067071 you're not crazy you're just practicing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00257-00067072-00067326 by yourself because you would like to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00258-00067327-00067655 own english language to own it as part
wVsCOx2WUt0-00259-00067656-00067775 of you
wVsCOx2WUt0-00260-00067776-00068031 that's why this is one of a great method
wVsCOx2WUt0-00261-00068032-00068359 not just to think in english but say it
wVsCOx2WUt0-00262-00068360-00068463 better
wVsCOx2WUt0-00263-00068464-00068591 to say it
wVsCOx2WUt0-00264-00068592-00068879 by simply adjusting your
wVsCOx2WUt0-00265-00068880-00069126 thinking in english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00266-00069127-00069423 to say it in your daily lives
wVsCOx2WUt0-00267-00069424-00069638 okay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00268-00069639-00069815 interesting right
wVsCOx2WUt0-00269-00069816-00069935 okay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00270-00069936-00070182 yeah and after we have thing we have
wVsCOx2WUt0-00271-00070183-00070455 already thinking english and also
wVsCOx2WUt0-00272-00070456-00070655 we are speaking english in our daily
wVsCOx2WUt0-00273-00070656-00070919 routines simple yeah it doesn't have to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00274-00070920-00071150 be very big just simple
wVsCOx2WUt0-00275-00071151-00071503 we try to read any newspapers in english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00276-00071504-00071719 whether this is an article
wVsCOx2WUt0-00277-00071720-00071871 or any english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00278-00071872-00071959 books
wVsCOx2WUt0-00279-00071960-00072287 where are some of my books here okay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00280-00072288-00072575 it doesn't mean that i want you to read
wVsCOx2WUt0-00281-00072576-00072943 english textbooks like like this
wVsCOx2WUt0-00282-00072944-00073279 or any kinds of writing books no
wVsCOx2WUt0-00283-00073280-00073438 i mean it's not
wVsCOx2WUt0-00284-00073439-00073735 any kinds of books that
wVsCOx2WUt0-00285-00073736-00074119 really interest you yeah i mean
wVsCOx2WUt0-00286-00074120-00074282 for example
wVsCOx2WUt0-00287-00074283-00074462 um
wVsCOx2WUt0-00288-00074463-00074782 how to win friends and influence people
wVsCOx2WUt0-00289-00074783-00074950 this kind of thing
wVsCOx2WUt0-00290-00074951-00075159 and then when you read this you can find
wVsCOx2WUt0-00291-00075160-00075382 new vocabularies and it also improves
wVsCOx2WUt0-00292-00075383-00075726 your expressions the way you talk
wVsCOx2WUt0-00293-00075727-00075838 roughly
wVsCOx2WUt0-00294-00075839-00076079 you'll get a lot of
wVsCOx2WUt0-00295-00076080-00076335 nuggets of informations from here and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00296-00076336-00076567 also yeah
wVsCOx2WUt0-00297-00076568-00076991 think and grow rich yeah let's let's uh
wVsCOx2WUt0-00298-00076992-00077487 you know reach our goals to become rich
wVsCOx2WUt0-00299-00077488-00077567 okay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00300-00077568-00077879 so think and grow rich yeah this is also
wVsCOx2WUt0-00301-00077880-00078031 one of the best-selling books from
wVsCOx2WUt0-00302-00078032-00078303 napoleon hill it's really interesting
wVsCOx2WUt0-00303-00078304-00078575 and super engaging as well so this is
wVsCOx2WUt0-00304-00078576-00078887 really good recommendable books for you
wVsCOx2WUt0-00305-00078888-00079126 to to read i mean
wVsCOx2WUt0-00306-00079127-00079431 any kinds of books that you are
wVsCOx2WUt0-00307-00079432-00079599 interested in
wVsCOx2WUt0-00308-00079600-00079823 reading
wVsCOx2WUt0-00309-00079824-00080094 it improves your english as well because
wVsCOx2WUt0-00310-00080095-00080406 we can get some newly vocabularies from
wVsCOx2WUt0-00311-00080407-00080599 any other books
wVsCOx2WUt0-00312-00080600-00080855 that we are going to read so don't be
wVsCOx2WUt0-00313-00080856-00081247 lazy in reading try to read at least 30
wVsCOx2WUt0-00314-00081248-00081591 minutes every day
wVsCOx2WUt0-00315-00081592-00081879 because 30 minutes every day creates uh
wVsCOx2WUt0-00316-00081880-00082071 okay let's do a calculation let's do
wVsCOx2WUt0-00317-00082072-00082223 math right now
wVsCOx2WUt0-00318-00082224-00082423 any kinds of calculations
wVsCOx2WUt0-00319-00082424-00083006 30 minutes times 365 days for one year
wVsCOx2WUt0-00320-00083007-00083238 oh so we've got like
wVsCOx2WUt0-00321-00083239-00083382 10
wVsCOx2WUt0-00322-00083383-00083687 950
wVsCOx2WUt0-00323-00083688-00083887 minutes
wVsCOx2WUt0-00324-00083888-00084079 that's like
wVsCOx2WUt0-00325-00084080-00084399 more than 5 000 hours
wVsCOx2WUt0-00326-00084400-00084655 wow that is so cool right
wVsCOx2WUt0-00327-00084656-00084926 i can't believe that
wVsCOx2WUt0-00328-00084927-00085006 so
wVsCOx2WUt0-00329-00085007-00085262 if we miss one
wVsCOx2WUt0-00330-00085263-00085735 one day for 30 minutes then
wVsCOx2WUt0-00331-00085736-00085831 yeah
wVsCOx2WUt0-00332-00085832-00086079 if you missed
wVsCOx2WUt0-00333-00086080-00086311 we we will
wVsCOx2WUt0-00334-00086312-00086615 we will miss our learning right so we
wVsCOx2WUt0-00335-00086616-00087015 will try to read don't miss in reading
wVsCOx2WUt0-00336-00087016-00087447 at least 30 minutes a day
wVsCOx2WUt0-00337-00087448-00087582 because
wVsCOx2WUt0-00338-00087583-00087823 it improves our english much more even
wVsCOx2WUt0-00339-00087824-00087975 faster
wVsCOx2WUt0-00340-00087976-00088150 okay
wVsCOx2WUt0-00341-00088151-00088518 you can skip your breakfast or dinner
wVsCOx2WUt0-00342-00088519-00088760 but not in reading 30 minutes
wVsCOx2WUt0-00343-00088761-00088982 [Laughter]
wVsCOx2WUt0-00344-00088983-00089199 okay i was just thinking
wVsCOx2WUt0-00345-00089200-00089535 something sorry start to improve
wVsCOx2WUt0-00346-00089536-00089823 okay so that's just the first getting
wVsCOx2WUt0-00347-00089824-00089935 ahead
wVsCOx2WUt0-00348-00089936-00090238 so we could accelerate our english and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00349-00090239-00090462 boost our confidence
wVsCOx2WUt0-00350-00090463-00090735 well thank you guys for
wVsCOx2WUt0-00351-00090736-00091047 tuning please support me in my youtube
wVsCOx2WUt0-00352-00091048-00091271 channel and also in my facebook you can
wVsCOx2WUt0-00353-00091272-00091494 liked it and comment on my
wVsCOx2WUt0-00354-00091495-00091726 my all social media platform on
wVsCOx2WUt0-00355-00091727-00091838 instagram
wVsCOx2WUt0-00356-00091839-00092118 yeah thank you so much for your support
wVsCOx2WUt0-00357-00092119-00092335 and i hope we could continue
wVsCOx2WUt0-00358-00092336-00092615 having a conversation like this talking
wVsCOx2WUt0-00359-00092616-00092855 about english overcoming our fear and
wVsCOx2WUt0-00360-00092856-00092999 speaking
wVsCOx2WUt0-00361-00093000-00093174 and um
wVsCOx2WUt0-00362-00093175-00093438 yeah let's see what kind of topic next
wVsCOx2WUt0-00363-00093439-00093543 time
wVsCOx2WUt0-00364-00093544-00093735 and uh
wVsCOx2WUt0-00365-00093736-00094071 yeah later we're gonna be having a group
wVsCOx2WUt0-00366-00094072-00094287 classes in the future for those students
wVsCOx2WUt0-00367-00094288-00094503 who would like also to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00368-00094504-00094855 learn from me you can direct message to
wVsCOx2WUt0-00369-00094856-00095015 me yeah
wVsCOx2WUt0-00370-00095016-00095182 and for those students who would like in
wVsCOx2WUt0-00371-00095183-00095535 a group classes i can give you like 80
wVsCOx2WUt0-00372-00095536-00095694 discount for that
wVsCOx2WUt0-00373-00095695-00096006 i am super happy to engage and to help
wVsCOx2WUt0-00374-00096007-00096262 you improve in your spoken english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00375-00096263-00096399 and um
wVsCOx2WUt0-00376-00096400-00096694 thank you so much i hope that you can
wVsCOx2WUt0-00377-00096695-00097111 also like my video and subscribe
wVsCOx2WUt0-00378-00097112-00097335 for more videos to come thank you for
wVsCOx2WUt0-00379-00097336-00097574 supporting me and also
wVsCOx2WUt0-00380-00097575-00097823 uh i would like to support you as well
wVsCOx2WUt0-00381-00097824-00097967 to become a
wVsCOx2WUt0-00382-00097968-00098094 english
wVsCOx2WUt0-00383-00098095-00098326 confident speaker see you
wVsCOx2WUt0-00384-00098327-00098543 bye for now
wVsCOx2WUt0-00385-00098544-00098844 bye
wZd-Om7FZtA-00000-00000256-00000703 hi guys today we play shark right yes
wZd-Om7FZtA-00001-00000704-00000991 and you just repeated what i said
wZd-Om7FZtA-00002-00000992-00001183 okay by the news we are playing
wZd-Om7FZtA-00003-00001184-00001391 surprises
wZd-Om7FZtA-00004-00001392-00001574 but what do you do
wZd-Om7FZtA-00005-00001575-00001902 is there next button
wZd-Om7FZtA-00006-00001903-00002391 okay so what does this stand for
wZd-Om7FZtA-00007-00002392-00002599 oh okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00008-00002600-00002750 oh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00009-00002751-00004303 why can't i all get this
wZd-Om7FZtA-00010-00004304-00004663 yo you can join
wZd-Om7FZtA-00011-00004664-00004815 yeah you can join other people who are
wZd-Om7FZtA-00012-00004816-00005167 you who did you join
wZd-Om7FZtA-00013-00005168-00005822 i'll join i'll join wait no no no uh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00014-00005823-00006095 no way this boat is too small no that's
wZd-Om7FZtA-00015-00006096-00006550 actually a really expensive
wZd-Om7FZtA-00016-00006551-00006959 why can't i not get this screen out
wZd-Om7FZtA-00017-00006959-00007327 let's just wait okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00018-00007328-00007623 it's in the waters i'm scared the shark
wZd-Om7FZtA-00019-00007623-00008327 has been released i can't see the shark
wZd-Om7FZtA-00020-00008328-00008687 i can't see anything
wZd-Om7FZtA-00021-00008688-00009119 what do you press
wZd-Om7FZtA-00022-00009120-00009883 and some they left me i'm gonna die out
wZd-Om7FZtA-00023-00009884-00010167 here i'm going to die out here i don't
wZd-Om7FZtA-00024-00010168-00010374 know what to click
wZd-Om7FZtA-00025-00010375-00011087 somebody help me
wZd-Om7FZtA-00026-00011088-00012470 no i jumped oh the shark
wZd-Om7FZtA-00027-00012471-00013127 is this a video just gonna be discreet
wZd-Om7FZtA-00028-00013128-00013527 uh did you even come back
wZd-Om7FZtA-00029-00013528-00013735 um i don't know
wZd-Om7FZtA-00030-00013736-00014366 we even come back goodbye
wZd-Om7FZtA-00031-00014368-00015166 oh my gosh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00032-00015168-00015383 okay so stay there
wZd-Om7FZtA-00033-00015384-00015855 okay now we're back now we're back
wZd-Om7FZtA-00034-00015856-00016047 okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00035-00016047-00016366 i did already okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00036-00016368-00016799 oh they cut that out
wZd-Om7FZtA-00037-00016800-00016919 welcome
wZd-Om7FZtA-00038-00016920-00017175 back oh wait why do i have the same
wZd-Om7FZtA-00039-00017176-00017311 shirt
wZd-Om7FZtA-00040-00017312-00017583 i know how because you do
wZd-Om7FZtA-00041-00017584-00017835 choosing the next shark okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00042-00017836-00018175 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00043-00018176-00018283 okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00044-00018284-00018758 so oh okay so i have these bones
wZd-Om7FZtA-00045-00018759-00018991 please you already have these
wZd-Om7FZtA-00046-00018992-00019157 boats
wZd-Om7FZtA-00047-00019158-00019447 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00048-00019448-00019915 patrol boats
wZd-Om7FZtA-00049-00019916-00021083 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00050-00021084-00021478 what wait
wZd-Om7FZtA-00051-00021479-00021735 okay then why did you say you work
wZd-Om7FZtA-00052-00021736-00021903 okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00053-00021904-00022094 i'll be the first to kill you for you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00054-00022095-00022230 are my brother
wZd-Om7FZtA-00055-00022231-00022507 and i will get you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00056-00022508-00023055 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00057-00023056-00023263 you have played this day before i know
wZd-Om7FZtA-00058-00023264-00023478 it i know it
wZd-Om7FZtA-00059-00023479-00023690 so hard
wZd-Om7FZtA-00060-00023691-00023814 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00061-00023815-00024086 oh my gosh is so cool
wZd-Om7FZtA-00062-00024087-00024271 okay i'm gonna go see if there's any
wZd-Om7FZtA-00063-00024272-00024463 people that need phones so like they
wZd-Om7FZtA-00064-00024464-00024520 need help
wZd-Om7FZtA-00065-00024521-00024975 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00066-00024976-00025334 oh i see you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00067-00025335-00025804 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00068-00025805-00025838 [Applause]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00069-00025839-00026390 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00070-00026391-00026527 oh no
wZd-Om7FZtA-00071-00026527-00026943 survivor
wZd-Om7FZtA-00072-00026944-00027233 this is
wZd-Om7FZtA-00073-00027235-00028589 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00074-00028591-00030358 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00075-00030360-00030681 is there some survivors that need help
wZd-Om7FZtA-00076-00030682-00030814 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00077-00030816-00030935 oh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00078-00030936-00031095 don't worry
wZd-Om7FZtA-00079-00031095-00031994 dude don't worry dude i'll help you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00080-00031995-00033462 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00081-00033463-00033790 um
wZd-Om7FZtA-00082-00033791-00034437 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00083-00034438-00035102 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00084-00035103-00035246 i see you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00085-00035247-00035702 i see you get away
wZd-Om7FZtA-00086-00035703-00035871 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00087-00035872-00036055 get away
wZd-Om7FZtA-00088-00036056-00036339 oh no i must save that survivor
wZd-Om7FZtA-00089-00036340-00036993 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00090-00036994-00037743 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00091-00037744-00038095 wait okay i'm not steering this this is
wZd-Om7FZtA-00092-00038096-00038479 this is i'm bad at this
wZd-Om7FZtA-00093-00038480-00038687 oh where is he where is he i don't have
wZd-Om7FZtA-00094-00038688-00038887 any
wZd-Om7FZtA-00095-00038888-00039135 tap to boost the
wZd-Om7FZtA-00096-00039136-00039492 boosting away
wZd-Om7FZtA-00097-00039493-00039855 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00098-00039856-00040076 hmm
wZd-Om7FZtA-00099-00040077-00040807 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00100-00040808-00041318 oh no
wZd-Om7FZtA-00101-00041319-00041574 come on i'll save you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00102-00041575-00041902 oh my gosh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00103-00041903-00042495 let's go let's go
wZd-Om7FZtA-00104-00042496-00043318 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00105-00043319-00043718 okay so let's see under the water i
wZd-Om7FZtA-00106-00043719-00043855 i think
wZd-Om7FZtA-00107-00043856-00044271 i don't know oh no no no no no
wZd-Om7FZtA-00108-00044272-00045361 let's go let's go
wZd-Om7FZtA-00109-00045362-00045623 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00110-00045624-00045911 oh hi you're there
wZd-Om7FZtA-00111-00045912-00046283 i see you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00112-00046284-00046527 wait oh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00113-00046528-00046630 hi
wZd-Om7FZtA-00114-00046631-00046767 hi shark
wZd-Om7FZtA-00115-00046768-00046935 hi
wZd-Om7FZtA-00116-00046936-00047190 so i guess um if you're the shark you're
wZd-Om7FZtA-00117-00047191-00047358 staying here but like
wZd-Om7FZtA-00118-00047359-00047590 this body is still here but your shark
wZd-Om7FZtA-00119-00047591-00047871 body's out there so oh okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00120-00047872-00048095 oh there's some survivors there peeking
wZd-Om7FZtA-00121-00048096-00048207 right there
wZd-Om7FZtA-00122-00048208-00048590 or they're just not uh i lost i lost or
wZd-Om7FZtA-00123-00048591-00048862 did they lose no oh the tracker's moving
wZd-Om7FZtA-00124-00048863-00048951 okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00125-00048952-00049224 i thought
wZd-Om7FZtA-00126-00049225-00050007 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00127-00050008-00050710 i'm gonna go upstairs i have 120 uh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00128-00050711-00051650 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00129-00051651-00051882 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00130-00051883-00052207 chance i mean i haven't been i think i'm
wZd-Om7FZtA-00131-00052208-00052382 better than you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00132-00052383-00053119 oh one titanic two sharks work together
wZd-Om7FZtA-00133-00053120-00053214 [Applause]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00134-00053215-00053738 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00135-00053739-00054038 [Applause]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00136-00054039-00054358 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00137-00054359-00054535 [Applause]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00138-00054536-00055140 yeah i got to shine i get to shine
wZd-Om7FZtA-00139-00055141-00055287 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00140-00055288-00055383 hello
wZd-Om7FZtA-00141-00055384-00055742 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00142-00055744-00056488 you haven't even picked your boat yet
wZd-Om7FZtA-00143-00056489-00057254 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00144-00057255-00057838 okay now this is hard
wZd-Om7FZtA-00145-00057839-00058415 why is this so hard wait
wZd-Om7FZtA-00146-00058416-00059191 wait why am i still here
wZd-Om7FZtA-00147-00059191-00059447 oh it's
wZd-Om7FZtA-00148-00059448-00059688 why did why am i
wZd-Om7FZtA-00149-00059689-00060230 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00150-00060232-00060796 right
wZd-Om7FZtA-00151-00060797-00061406 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00152-00061407-00062034 wait how do you destroy things
wZd-Om7FZtA-00153-00062035-00062887 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00154-00062888-00063038 okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00155-00063039-00063287 i'm not so good at this oh no someone's
wZd-Om7FZtA-00156-00063288-00063635 killing me
wZd-Om7FZtA-00157-00063636-00065575 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00158-00065576-00065757 yes
wZd-Om7FZtA-00159-00065758-00066311 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00160-00066312-00066647 wait i'm confused where am i
wZd-Om7FZtA-00161-00066648-00067375 where am i going where am i going
wZd-Om7FZtA-00162-00067376-00067758 i okay a three percent
wZd-Om7FZtA-00163-00067759-00069838 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00164-00069839-00070911 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00165-00070912-00071038 there are some people here they're
wZd-Om7FZtA-00166-00071039-00071159 killing me
wZd-Om7FZtA-00167-00071160-00071447 let it go
wZd-Om7FZtA-00168-00071448-00071823 it's so hard to beat a shark
wZd-Om7FZtA-00169-00071824-00074279 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00170-00074280-00074497 i'm
wZd-Om7FZtA-00171-00074498-00075126 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00172-00075127-00075447 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00173-00075448-00076450 why did you waste the boots
wZd-Om7FZtA-00174-00076451-00076726 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00175-00076727-00076949 okay i'm dying
wZd-Om7FZtA-00176-00076950-00078167 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00177-00078168-00078350 okay well
wZd-Om7FZtA-00178-00078351-00078638 at least i killed one
wZd-Om7FZtA-00179-00078639-00079167 okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00180-00079168-00079494 i'm sad bye now
wZd-Om7FZtA-00181-00079495-00079679 i'm going up
wZd-Om7FZtA-00182-00079680-00079903 me too
wZd-Om7FZtA-00183-00079904-00080238 because i can oh wow that girl is
wZd-Om7FZtA-00184-00080239-00080479 floating
wZd-Om7FZtA-00185-00080480-00080813 and you're floating
wZd-Om7FZtA-00186-00080814-00082599 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00187-00082600-00082743 did i invite you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00188-00082744-00082999 so which vote do you want vote
wZd-Om7FZtA-00189-00083000-00083615 which one everyone
wZd-Om7FZtA-00190-00083616-00083855 okay so do you want to be the driver and
wZd-Om7FZtA-00191-00083856-00084336 i can be the shooter
wZd-Om7FZtA-00192-00084337-00085094 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00193-00085095-00085583 okay let's go
wZd-Om7FZtA-00194-00085584-00085967 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00195-00085968-00086118 wait a minute we're close to the shark
wZd-Om7FZtA-00196-00086119-00086423 to close this right
wZd-Om7FZtA-00197-00086424-00086935 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00198-00086936-00087926 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00199-00087927-00088731 let's go
wZd-Om7FZtA-00200-00088732-00089582 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00201-00089583-00089898 let's go
wZd-Om7FZtA-00202-00089899-00090126 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00203-00090127-00090303 oh my gosh oh my gosh i'm sorry i'm
wZd-Om7FZtA-00204-00090304-00090455 sorry i'm sorry
wZd-Om7FZtA-00205-00090456-00090814 i gotta get it
wZd-Om7FZtA-00206-00090815-00091055 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00207-00091056-00091121 i don't
wZd-Om7FZtA-00208-00091122-00092103 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00209-00092104-00092279 oh the sharks over there are the sharks
wZd-Om7FZtA-00210-00092280-00092775 over there
wZd-Om7FZtA-00211-00092776-00093110 oh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00212-00093111-00094243 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00213-00094244-00095047 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00214-00095048-00095468 is
wZd-Om7FZtA-00215-00095469-00096406 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00216-00096407-00096767 coming
wZd-Om7FZtA-00217-00096768-00097991 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00218-00097992-00098126 okay don't worry
wZd-Om7FZtA-00219-00098127-00098511 let's go back in
wZd-Om7FZtA-00220-00098512-00098862 okay why do you know how to un
wZd-Om7FZtA-00221-00098863-00099123 this thing
wZd-Om7FZtA-00222-00099124-00099415 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00223-00099416-00099995 oh the shark has been killed we survived
wZd-Om7FZtA-00224-00099996-00100462 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00225-00100463-00100687 okay so last round and we're ending the
wZd-Om7FZtA-00226-00100688-00101103 video okay okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00227-00101104-00101335 okay let's go
wZd-Om7FZtA-00228-00101336-00101926 now i think we're gonna buy something
wZd-Om7FZtA-00229-00101927-00102255 okay okay okay okay so wait oh we only
wZd-Om7FZtA-00230-00102256-00102758 got can we buy something oh oh oh oh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00231-00102759-00102934 oh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00232-00102935-00103175 you're not even opposed oh wait look
wZd-Om7FZtA-00233-00103176-00103310 inside
wZd-Om7FZtA-00234-00103311-00103654 again
wZd-Om7FZtA-00235-00103655-00104023 okay i'm gonna be in the titanic
wZd-Om7FZtA-00236-00104024-00104206 so please please please i want to be in
wZd-Om7FZtA-00237-00104207-00104327 the titanic
wZd-Om7FZtA-00238-00104328-00104590 okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00239-00104591-00104676 okay okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00240-00104677-00105023 [Applause]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00241-00105024-00105534 okay it's let's be honest um
wZd-Om7FZtA-00242-00105535-00105847 i think we'll change our name to purple
wZd-Om7FZtA-00243-00105848-00105999 okay someone threw the boat someone
wZd-Om7FZtA-00244-00106000-00106143 steered the boat
wZd-Om7FZtA-00245-00106144-00106383 i'll steer the boat
wZd-Om7FZtA-00246-00106383-00106716 wait how do you
wZd-Om7FZtA-00247-00106717-00107309 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00248-00107310-00107895 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00249-00107896-00108124 come on kicking let's go
wZd-Om7FZtA-00250-00108125-00108766 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00251-00108767-00108927 so long
wZd-Om7FZtA-00252-00108928-00109341 oh my god
wZd-Om7FZtA-00253-00109342-00110110 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00254-00110111-00110334 i'm stuck geeking because of you i'm
wZd-Om7FZtA-00255-00110335-00110894 stuck i'm stuck
wZd-Om7FZtA-00256-00110895-00111175 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00257-00111176-00113343 huh
wZd-Om7FZtA-00258-00113344-00113489 okay
wZd-Om7FZtA-00259-00113490-00114647 [Music]
wZd-Om7FZtA-00260-00114648-00114823 this is what it's like
wZd-Om7FZtA-00261-00114824-00114910 to
wZd-Om7FZtA-00262-00114911-00115190 be in the titanic when it
wZd-Om7FZtA-00263-00115191-00115431 broke
wZd-Om7FZtA-00264-00115432-00115727 my teacher told me a person wrote in
wZd-Om7FZtA-00265-00115728-00115863 every boat
wZd-Om7FZtA-00266-00115864-00116166 the two sisters of the titanic oh yeah i
wZd-Om7FZtA-00267-00116167-00117047 learned on youtube
wZd-Om7FZtA-00268-00117048-00117424 wait i just remembered i have to work on
wZ52_j3t8WY-00000-00000215-00000567 okay we will start our hike in berkeley
wZ52_j3t8WY-00001-00000568-00000847 and end up most of us in orinda
wZ52_j3t8WY-00002-00000848-00001439 let's zoom in here a little bit
wZ52_j3t8WY-00003-00001440-00001591 your best bet
wZ52_j3t8WY-00004-00001592-00001823 is to take bart to berkeley
wZ52_j3t8WY-00005-00001823-00001951 because we're going to end up at a bart
wZ52_j3t8WY-00006-00001952-00002263 station and you can get back to bart
wZ52_j3t8WY-00007-00002264-00002375 from
wZ52_j3t8WY-00008-00002376-00002526 get back to your bart station for
wZ52_j3t8WY-00009-00002527-00002799 mirinda bart so we'll start here
wZ52_j3t8WY-00010-00002800-00003031 over at people's cafe
wZ52_j3t8WY-00011-00003032-00003319 and we'll walk through campus
wZ52_j3t8WY-00012-00003320-00003438 this building is probably going to be
wZ52_j3t8WY-00013-00003439-00003590 closed but they have some great a great
wZ52_j3t8WY-00014-00003592-00003822 lumber exhibit we can usually get into
wZ52_j3t8WY-00015-00003823-00003903 the
wZ52_j3t8WY-00016-00003904-00004135 t-rex building
wZ52_j3t8WY-00017-00004136-00004327 then we're going to walk up to the
wZ52_j3t8WY-00018-00004328-00004615 earth and planetary science building
wZ52_j3t8WY-00019-00004616-00004838 and by the hearst mining circle there's
wZ52_j3t8WY-00020-00004839-00005015 been some earthquake retrofit here we'll
wZ52_j3t8WY-00021-00005016-00005151 look at
wZ52_j3t8WY-00022-00005152-00005302 and then over here we're going to look
wZ52_j3t8WY-00023-00005303-00005406 at
wZ52_j3t8WY-00024-00005407-00005670 notice the creek offset
wZ52_j3t8WY-00025-00005671-00005870 that demonstrates the hayward fault is
wZ52_j3t8WY-00026-00005871-00006054 running right through here and right
wZ52_j3t8WY-00027-00006055-00006254 through the haywards the cal stadium the
wZ52_j3t8WY-00028-00006255-00006470 hayward fault
wZ52_j3t8WY-00029-00006472-00006775 then we are going to at that point if
wZ52_j3t8WY-00030-00006776-00006959 you are pooped you can head back down
wZ52_j3t8WY-00031-00006959-00007134 the hill
wZ52_j3t8WY-00032-00007136-00007391 if not the rest of us are going to hike
wZ52_j3t8WY-00033-00007392-00007559 up here
wZ52_j3t8WY-00034-00007559-00007806 a lot of stairs through this area here
wZ52_j3t8WY-00035-00007808-00007983 and then we get back up onto just
wZ52_j3t8WY-00036-00007984-00008159 regular hills and the upper fire trail
wZ52_j3t8WY-00037-00008159-00008391 we're back on fire trail which will take
wZ52_j3t8WY-00038-00008392-00008646 the rest of the way to orinda so that'll
wZ52_j3t8WY-00039-00008647-00008895 be the rest of our roads here
wZ52_j3t8WY-00040-00008896-00009119 we'll take the fire trail keep going up
wZ52_j3t8WY-00041-00009120-00009214 up up
wZ52_j3t8WY-00042-00009215-00009446 there's a beautiful view here
wZ52_j3t8WY-00043-00009447-00009606 if some people want to head back down
wZ52_j3t8WY-00044-00009607-00009863 you could head back down at that point
wZ52_j3t8WY-00045-00009864-00010046 but we're almost at the top and there's
wZ52_j3t8WY-00046-00010047-00010287 also some nice sedimentary rocks there
wZ52_j3t8WY-00047-00010288-00010399 um
wZ52_j3t8WY-00048-00010400-00010719 and we're gonna head up here and let's
wZ52_j3t8WY-00049-00010720-00011006 turn on our terrain that's what we want
wZ52_j3t8WY-00050-00011007-00011246 i guess we gotta back out a little bit
wZ52_j3t8WY-00051-00011247-00011342 okay
wZ52_j3t8WY-00052-00011343-00011574 there's terrain okay so you notice
wZ52_j3t8WY-00053-00011575-00011831 we've we came up a hill here and then
wZ52_j3t8WY-00054-00011832-00011999 we're kind of climbing almost on the
wZ52_j3t8WY-00055-00012000-00012167 ridge here
wZ52_j3t8WY-00056-00012168-00012367 and then we get to
wZ52_j3t8WY-00057-00012368-00012599 the top here we take a little bit off
wZ52_j3t8WY-00058-00012600-00012759 the side
wZ52_j3t8WY-00059-00012760-00012863 and then
wZ52_j3t8WY-00060-00012863-00013079 we get to grizzly peak boulevard is
wZ52_j3t8WY-00061-00013080-00013183 right here
wZ52_j3t8WY-00062-00013184-00013383 and then we're going to head back down
wZ52_j3t8WY-00063-00013384-00013558 this is through east bay mud territory
wZ52_j3t8WY-00064-00013559-00013727 if you have an east bay mud pass that's
wZ52_j3t8WY-00065-00013728-00013830 great
wZ52_j3t8WY-00066-00013831-00013983 we're supposed to have each one holds up
wZ52_j3t8WY-00067-00013984-00014143 to four people
wZ52_j3t8WY-00068-00014144-00014303 i'll have information about that as well
wZ52_j3t8WY-00069-00014304-00014447 how you can get that
wZ52_j3t8WY-00070-00014447-00014663 and then we had kind of down long skirt
wZ52_j3t8WY-00071-00014663-00014863 jump over ridge here
wZ52_j3t8WY-00072-00014863-00014951 and
wZ52_j3t8WY-00073-00014952-00015207 all the way down to rinda bart
wZ52_j3t8WY-00074-00015208-00015422 where we end up and there there you can
wZ52_j3t8WY-00075-00015423-00015607 take bart back to berkeley or wherever
wZ52_j3t8WY-00076-00015608-00015766 you want
wZ52_j3t8WY-00077-00015768-00015983 so that should be a nice hike
wZ52_j3t8WY-00078-00015984-00016344 hope to see you
wZ67zfya73Q-00000-00000114-00000411 the shimshi anak languages are a family
wZ67zfya73Q-00001-00000412-00000605 of languages spoken in northwestern
wZ67zfya73Q-00002-00000606-00000852 British Columbia and in southeast Alaska
wZ67zfya73Q-00003-00000852-00001089 on the net Island in Ketchikan all
wZ67zfya73Q-00004-00001090-00001269 shimshi anak languages are endangered
wZ67zfya73Q-00005-00001270-00001619 some with only around 400 speakers only
wZ67zfya73Q-00006-00001620-00001953 around 2000 170 people of the ethnic
wZ67zfya73Q-00007-00001954-00002175 Tsimshian population in Canada still
wZ67zfya73Q-00008-00002176-00002406 speak as Tsimshian language about 50 of
wZ67zfya73Q-00009-00002407-00002679 the 1,300 Tsimshian people living in
wZ67zfya73Q-00010-00002680-00002909 Alaska still speak coast Tsimshian
wZ67zfya73Q-00011-00002910-00003177 shimshi anak languages are considered by
wZ67zfya73Q-00012-00003178-00003336 most linguists to be an independent
wZ67zfya73Q-00013-00003336-00003588 language family with four main languages
wZ67zfya73Q-00014-00003589-00003852 Coast Tsimshian southern Tsimshian NIS
wZ67zfya73Q-00015-00003853-00004113 Jia and get Kaizen the shimshi anak
wZ67zfya73Q-00016-00004114-00004313 languages were included by edward sapir
wZ67zfya73Q-00017-00004314-00004550 and his Venusian hypothesis a theory
wZ67zfya73Q-00018-00004551-00004704 which is currently not widely accepted
wZ67zfya73Q-00019-00004705-00004961 but is undergoing investigation by Marie
wZ67zfya73Q-00020-00004962-00005214 Lucy tarpon
wZ67zfya73Q-00021-00005215-00005830 family division shimshi anak consists of
wZ67zfya73Q-00022-00005831-00006238 four elect Tsimshian also known as
wZ67zfya73Q-00023-00006239-00006454 maritime shimshi anak lower Tsimshian
wZ67zfya73Q-00024-00006455-00006904 northern Tsimshian Coast Tsimshian also
wZ67zfya73Q-00025-00006905-00007183 known as Tsimshian proper smile GX smile
wZ67zfya73Q-00026-00007184-00007534 gaqs southern Tsimshian
wZ67zfya73Q-00027-00007534-00007798 also known as scoop as ski access old
wZ67zfya73Q-00028-00007798-00008239 Clem to mask it Kaizen also known as
wZ67zfya73Q-00029-00008240-00008449 interior shimshi anak inland shimshi
wZ67zfya73Q-00030-00008450-00008905 anak niska's also known as misgives NIS
wZ67zfya73Q-00031-00008906-00009502 Jia Mishka Miska Miska Nass Mishka get
wZ67zfya73Q-00032-00009503-00009742 Kaizen also known as get San gets a mean
wZ67zfya73Q-00033-00009743-00009946 coast shimshi and is spoken along the
wZ67zfya73Q-00034-00009947-00010090 lower Skeena River in northwestern
wZ67zfya73Q-00035-00010091-00010294 British Columbia on some neighboring
wZ67zfya73Q-00036-00010295-00010483 islands and to the north of new Melek
wZ67zfya73Q-00037-00010484-00010780 adalah Alaska southern Tsimshian was
wZ67zfya73Q-00038-00010781-00010993 spoken on an island quite far south of
wZ67zfya73Q-00039-00010994-00011167 the Skeena River in the village of Klem
wZ67zfya73Q-00040-00011168-00011457 - however it became extinct in 2013
wZ67zfya73Q-00041-00011458-00011710 niska's is spoken along the Nats River
wZ67zfya73Q-00042-00011711-00011932 get Kaizen is spoken along the upper
wZ67zfya73Q-00043-00011933-00012138 skeena River around Hazleton and other
wZ67zfya73Q-00044-00012139-00012355 areas
wZ67zfya73Q-00045-00012356-00012592 niska's and get kaizen are very closely
wZ67zfya73Q-00046-00012593-00012778 related and are usually considered
wZ67zfya73Q-00047-00012779-00012963 dialects of the same language by
wZ67zfya73Q-00048-00012964-00013255 linguists however speakers from both
wZ67zfya73Q-00049-00013256-00013453 groups consider themselves ethnically
wZ67zfya73Q-00050-00013454-00013618 separate from each other and from the
wZ67zfya73Q-00051-00013619-00013828 Tsimshian and thus consider niska's and
wZ67zfya73Q-00052-00013829-00014013 get Kaizen to be separate languages
wZ67zfya73Q-00053-00014013-00014266 coasts and southern Tsimshian are also
wZ67zfya73Q-00054-00014266-00014466 often regarded as dialects of the same
wZ67zfya73Q-00055-00014468-00014707 language
wZ67zfya73Q-00056-00014708-00014991 as of 2013 Tsimshian courses are
wZ67zfya73Q-00057-00014993-00015154 available at the University of Alaska
wZ67zfya73Q-00058-00015155-00015419 southeast
wZ67zfya73Q-00059-00015419-00016016 phonology consonant in vain' Tori of
wZ67zfya73Q-00060-00016018-00016344 produce Tsimshian
wZ67zfya73Q-00061-00016344-00017149 see also Tsimshian
wZ67zfya73Q-00062-00017150-00017597 footnotes
wZ67zfya73Q-00063-00017598-00017980 bibliography
wZ67zfya73Q-00064-00017981-00018400 Louis France 1902 Tsimshian texts
wZ67zfya73Q-00065-00018401-00018651 Washington bureau of American ethnology
wZ67zfya73Q-00066-00018652-00018977 bulletin 27
wZ67zfya73Q-00067-00018978-00019478 Boas Franz 1911 Tsimshian handbook of
wZ67zfya73Q-00068-00019479-00019679 American Indian languages bulletin
wZ67zfya73Q-00069-00019680-00019763 number 40
wZ67zfya73Q-00070-00019764-00020319 part 1 PP 287 to 422
wZ67zfya73Q-00071-00020320-00020686 Mithun Maryann 1999 the languages of
wZ67zfya73Q-00072-00020687-00020938 native North America cambridge cambridge
wZ67zfya73Q-00073-00020939-00021255 university press ISBN oh five two one
wZ67zfya73Q-00074-00021256-00021727 two three two two eight seven HBK
wZ67zfya73Q-00075-00021728-00022219 tarpon Marie Lucy 1997 shimshi anak and
wZ67zfya73Q-00076-00022220-00022360 Venusian problems
wZ67zfya73Q-00077-00022361-00022730 methods results and implications
wZ67zfya73Q-00078-00022731-00022902 International Journal of American
wZ67zfya73Q-00079-00022903-00023158 linguistics sixty three point five to
wZ67zfya73Q-00080-00023159-00023655 two two hundred forty four
wZ67zfya73Q-00081-00023656-00024292 external links shimshi anak languages yd
wZ67zfya73Q-00082-00024293-00024769 li math of northwest coast first nations
wZ67zfya73Q-00083-00024770-00025178 including Tsimshian and miss cos smile
wZ67zfya73Q-00084-00025179-00025845 GX the real language dumb vol dumb
wZ67zfya73Q-00085-00025847-00026330 Sealaska heritage institute as if she
wZ67zfya73Q-00086-00026331-00026507 inversion of portions of the Book of
wZ67zfya73Q-00087-00026508-00026783 Common Prayer 1882 translated by William
wZ67zfya73Q-00088-00026783-00027242 Ridley bibliography of materials on the
wZ67zfya73Q-00089-00027243-00027645 coast Tsimshian language yd li
wZ67zfya73Q-00090-00027647-00027875 bibliography of materials on the south
wZ67zfya73Q-00091-00027876-00028355 Tsimshian language yd li bibliography of
wZ67zfya73Q-00092-00028356-00028583 materials on the get kaizen language yd
wZ67zfya73Q-00093-00028583-00029027 li bibliography of materials on the
wZ67zfya73Q-00094-00029027-00029375 niska's language yd li
wbI_WSTeBty-00000-00000234-00000546 hi I'm Tom and I'm Selena and we've made
wbI_WSTeBty-00001-00000547-00000701 a short video for you today to tell you
wbI_WSTeBty-00002-00000702-00000894 a bit about West London College one of
wbI_WSTeBty-00003-00000894-00001083 Britain's biggest independent higher
wbI_WSTeBty-00004-00001084-00001269 education colleges let's start with a
wbI_WSTeBty-00005-00001270-00001479 location London is one of the world's
wbI_WSTeBty-00006-00001480-00001719 top cities and is by far the largest in
wbI_WSTeBty-00007-00001720-00001929 Europe it's a real world capital for
wbI_WSTeBty-00008-00001930-00002199 business culture and entertainment it's
wbI_WSTeBty-00009-00002200-00002397 got some amazing history too and West
wbI_WSTeBty-00010-00002398-00002571 London College is located in the heart
wbI_WSTeBty-00011-00002572-00002751 of this exciting metropolis in its
wbI_WSTeBty-00012-00002752-00002946 fashionable West End and close to the
wbI_WSTeBty-00013-00002947-00003122 city's most famous shopping areas on
wbI_WSTeBty-00014-00003123-00003354 Oxford Street colleges parliament house
wbI_WSTeBty-00015-00003354-00003566 building is in Mayfair london's number
wbI_WSTeBty-00016-00003567-00003813 one exclusive earlier and directly
wbI_WSTeBty-00017-00003814-00003984 opposite the world-famous Selfridges
wbI_WSTeBty-00018-00003985-00004275 store here you'll find wlc main
wbI_WSTeBty-00019-00004276-00004532 administration including course admins
wbI_WSTeBty-00020-00004533-00004752 and student services where you can get
wbI_WSTeBty-00021-00004753-00004929 help with everything from living
wbI_WSTeBty-00022-00004930-00005168 accommodation to student visas there's
wbI_WSTeBty-00023-00005169-00005325 even a job shop here to help you find
wbI_WSTeBty-00024-00005326-00005573 part-time work while you study also at
wbI_WSTeBty-00025-00005574-00005745 this building you'll find the college's
wbI_WSTeBty-00026-00005746-00005997 business and completing faculties you
wbI_WSTeBty-00027-00005998-00006138 can take anything from a one-year
wbI_WSTeBty-00028-00006139-00006384 diploma to a high ranking 18-month
wbI_WSTeBty-00029-00006385-00006695 British university mba the College
wbI_WSTeBty-00030-00006697-00006920 partners up with top UK universities
wbI_WSTeBty-00031-00006920-00007199 heriot-watt University for its business
wbI_WSTeBty-00032-00007200-00007419 marketing and finance programs and
wbI_WSTeBty-00033-00007420-00007592 Greenwich from University what is
wbI_WSTeBty-00034-00007593-00007866 computing programs at the college hannah
wbI_WSTeBty-00035-00007867-00008031 house building which is just an 8-minute
wbI_WSTeBty-00036-00008031-00008217 walk away houses the other faculties of
wbI_WSTeBty-00037-00008218-00008580 hospitality tourism and fashion West
wbI_WSTeBty-00038-00008581-00008792 London colleges university partner for
wbI_WSTeBty-00039-00008793-00008996 its hospitality and tourism faculties is
wbI_WSTeBty-00040-00008997-00009206 Bournemouth University ranked number one
wbI_WSTeBty-00041-00009207-00009449 in the field in the UK in the 2008
wbI_WSTeBty-00042-00009450-00009692 Guardian university guide meanwhile
wbI_WSTeBty-00043-00009693-00009945 students on the fantastic fashion design
wbI_WSTeBty-00044-00009946-00010124 foundation program get to go on to a
wbI_WSTeBty-00045-00010125-00010289 whole range of top fashion schools
wbI_WSTeBty-00046-00010290-00010467 including the London College of Fashion
wbI_WSTeBty-00047-00010468-00010706 University of East London and the
wbI_WSTeBty-00048-00010707-00010920 university of creative arts here at hand
wbI_WSTeBty-00049-00010921-00011084 house you will also find the English
wbI_WSTeBty-00050-00011085-00011259 language teaching department where
wbI_WSTeBty-00051-00011260-00011445 international students who need to can
wbI_WSTeBty-00052-00011446-00011570 improve their English before getting
wbI_WSTeBty-00053-00011571-00011771 started on their main course in addition
wbI_WSTeBty-00054-00011772-00011981 there's a library massive free internet
wbI_WSTeBty-00055-00011982-00012198 facility great cafe restaurant with
wbI_WSTeBty-00056-00012199-00012405 fresh coffee subsidized meals and a
wbI_WSTeBty-00057-00012406-00012705 really friendly atmosphere Cheers wealth
wbI_WSTeBty-00058-00012706-00012788 building such as
wbI_WSTeBty-00059-00012789-00012941 you minutes walk away from Baker Street
wbI_WSTeBty-00060-00012941-00013208 and one Street tube station which makes
wbI_WSTeBty-00061-00013209-00013462 life even more convenient for students
wbI_WSTeBty-00062-00013463-00013724 wlc students can take advantage of the
wbI_WSTeBty-00063-00013725-00013963 college dedicated accommodation service
wbI_WSTeBty-00064-00013965-00014162 which ranges comfortable student
wbI_WSTeBty-00065-00014163-00014347 residents in a selection of great
wbI_WSTeBty-00066-00014349-00014609 locations so there you are that is West
wbI_WSTeBty-00067-00014610-00014759 London College and if you'd like any
wbI_WSTeBty-00068-00014760-00014933 other information then check out the
wbI_WSTeBty-00069-00014934-00015097 website I'll pop in and take a look
wbI_WSTeBty-00070-00015099-00015313 around
wf0BXgtu4fM-00000-00000040-00000303 hey how's it going
wf0BXgtu4fM-00001-00000304-00000390 really
wf0BXgtu4fM-00002-00000391-00000543 did you hear that
wf0BXgtu4fM-00003-00000544-00000695 excited
wf0BXgtu4fM-00004-00000696-00000854 no if you heard it
wf0BXgtu4fM-00005-00000855-00001215 because what i'm hearing is music
wf0BXgtu4fM-00006-00001216-00001447 okay uh
wf0BXgtu4fM-00007-00001448-00001679 i'm being serious right now but in a way
wf0BXgtu4fM-00008-00001680-00001830 still around
wf0BXgtu4fM-00009-00001832-00001918 you know
wf0BXgtu4fM-00010-00001919-00002118 i'm going to be singing there is from
wf0BXgtu4fM-00011-00002119-00002375 box car riser so
wf0BXgtu4fM-00012-00002376-00002495 here i go
wf0BXgtu4fM-00013-00002496-00002775 this vacation's useless these white
wf0BXgtu4fM-00014-00002776-00003110 pills aren't kind i've given a lot of
wf0BXgtu4fM-00015-00003111-00003486 thought on this 13-hour drive i missed
wf0BXgtu4fM-00016-00003488-00003703 grinding concrete where we set the
wf0BXgtu4fM-00017-00003704-00004006 stator night and slowly finished
wf0BXgtu4fM-00018-00004007-00004343 laughing on the glow of our headlights
wf0BXgtu4fM-00019-00004344-00004638 i've given a lot of thought to the nice
wf0BXgtu4fM-00020-00004639-00004822 years to have
wf0BXgtu4fM-00021-00004823-00005238 days come and gone our lives by so fast
wf0BXgtu4fM-00022-00005239-00005502 a family member breathing
wf0BXgtu4fM-00023-00005503-00006143 on your bedroom for
wf0BXgtu4fM-00024-00006144-00006391 do you care if i
wf0BXgtu4fM-00025-00006392-00006623 don't know what to say
wf0BXgtu4fM-00026-00006623-00006998 will you sleep tonight will you think of
wf0BXgtu4fM-00027-00007000-00007087 me
wf0BXgtu4fM-00028-00007088-00007446 will i shake this off return this all
wf0BXgtu4fM-00029-00007447-00007567 okay
wf0BXgtu4fM-00030-00007568-00007855 that there's someone out there who feels
wf0BXgtu4fM-00031-00007856-00008023 just like me
wf0BXgtu4fM-00032-00008023-00008174 there is
wf0BXgtu4fM-00033-00008175-00008471 i gotta regret right now i'm feeling it
wf0BXgtu4fM-00034-00008472-00008751 let me go in her room
wf0BXgtu4fM-00035-00008752-00009007 i want to take off her clothes
wf0BXgtu4fM-00036-00009008-00009103 all right
wf0BXgtu4fM-00037-00009104-00009399 okay here's my little dance
wf0BXgtu4fM-00038-00009400-00009663 piece
wf0BXgtu4fM-00039-00009664-00009799 movie
wf0BXgtu4fM-00040-00009800-00009991 damn it how do i turn it off go the
wf0BXgtu4fM-00041-00009992-00010303 other way
wf0BXgtu4fM-00042-00010304-00010811 turn it the button that way okay
wf588cAsK-0-00000-00000454-00000726 I'm going to conclude that discussion of
wf588cAsK-0-00001-00000727-00000948 unit selection speech synthesis
wf588cAsK-0-00002-00000949-00001168 including the different forms that the
wf588cAsK-0-00003-00001169-00001377 target cost function could take with a
wf588cAsK-0-00004-00001378-00001549 summary of the different design choices
wf588cAsK-0-00005-00001550-00001675 that you have when you're going to build
wf588cAsK-0-00006-00001676-00002202 a new system the first choice is what
wf588cAsK-0-00007-00002203-00002614 kind of unit you're going to use all my
wf588cAsK-0-00008-00002615-00002839 diagrams were using whole phones
wf588cAsK-0-00009-00002840-00002991 although that's not really a sensible
wf588cAsK-0-00010-00002992-00003226 choice in practice far more commonly
wf588cAsK-0-00011-00003227-00003540 will find systems using die phones or
wf588cAsK-0-00012-00003542-00003822 half phones in either case but
wf588cAsK-0-00013-00003824-00004018 especially the half phone case the zero
wf588cAsK-0-00014-00004019-00004228 join cost trick is very important to
wf588cAsK-0-00015-00004229-00004600 effectively get large units those might
wf588cAsK-0-00016-00004601-00004810 be actually much larger units that's
wf588cAsK-0-00017-00004811-00004978 really easy to implement you just need
wf588cAsK-0-00018-00004979-00005107 to remember which candidates were
wf588cAsK-0-00019-00005108-00005434 contiguous in the database and define
wf588cAsK-0-00020-00005435-00005662 their joining cost to be zero and not
wf588cAsK-0-00021-00005663-00005833 have them calculated by the joint cost
wf588cAsK-0-00022-00005834-00006088 function for example maybe these units
wf588cAsK-0-00023-00006089-00006271 were contiguous and we'll just write
wf588cAsK-0-00024-00006272-00006585 zero join cost between them the lattice
wf588cAsK-0-00025-00006586-00006733 will be formed as usual with all the
wf588cAsK-0-00026-00006734-00007114 paths joining everything together and on
wf588cAsK-0-00027-00007115-00007411 some of those paths would be zero join
wf588cAsK-0-00028-00007412-00007687 costs on others the join cost function
wf588cAsK-0-00029-00007688-00007837 will compute the cost it doesn't matter
wf588cAsK-0-00030-00007838-00008086 to the search the search will just find
wf588cAsK-0-00031-00008087-00008554 the best overall path you need to choose
wf588cAsK-0-00032-00008555-00008707 what kind of target cost you going to
wf588cAsK-0-00033-00008708-00009030 use festival is almost a pure
wf588cAsK-0-00034-00009031-00009262 independent feature formulation style
wf588cAsK-0-00035-00009263-00009514 target cost just got a couple of little
wf588cAsK-0-00036-00009515-00009739 bits of acoustic information in there or
wf588cAsK-0-00037-00009740-00009937 we could use a purely acoustic space
wf588cAsK-0-00038-00009938-00010246 formulation doing sufficient partial
wf588cAsK-0-00039-00010247-00010429 synthesis so that we only make
wf588cAsK-0-00040-00010430-00010807 comparisons in acoustic properties you
wf588cAsK-0-00041-00010808-00010957 then got to decide which acoustic
wf588cAsK-0-00042-00010958-00011119 properties which existing features to
wf588cAsK-0-00043-00011120-00011371 predict so that that comparison is
wf588cAsK-0-00044-00011372-00011512 meaningful and will find you the right
wf588cAsK-0-00045-00011513-00011758 candidates but most common of all
wf588cAsK-0-00046-00011759-00011928 probably is to do both of those things
wf588cAsK-0-00047-00011929-00012169 to use features because we have them
wf588cAsK-0-00048-00012170-00012358 from the front end they're good in some
wf588cAsK-0-00049-00012359-00012562 situations for example features like
wf588cAsK-0-00050-00012563-00012802 phrase final are really good at getting
wf588cAsK-0-00051-00012803-00013033 all of the different acoustic properties
wf588cAsK-0-00052-00013034-00013223 that correlate with phrase finality
wf588cAsK-0-00053-00013224-00013623 lengthening F 0 falling voice quality
wf588cAsK-0-00054-00013624-00013772 changes such as creaky
wf588cAsK-0-00055-00013772-00014033 those things aren't all easy to predict
wf588cAsK-0-00056-00014034-00014252 better just to get units from the right
wf588cAsK-0-00057-00014253-00014447 context in the database but almost
wf588cAsK-0-00058-00014447-00014605 always we'll have some acoustic
wf588cAsK-0-00059-00014606-00014849 prediction in there so we might have a
wf588cAsK-0-00060-00014850-00015061 positive model that's sketching out an
wf588cAsK-0-00061-00015062-00015241 f0 contour that we'd like to try and
wf588cAsK-0-00062-00015243-00015491 meet or a duration model that tells us
wf588cAsK-0-00063-00015491-00015883 what duration candidates to prefer the
wf588cAsK-0-00064-00015884-00016036 joint cost then makes sure that we only
wf588cAsK-0-00065-00016037-00016225 choose sequences of candidates that will
wf588cAsK-0-00066-00016226-00016511 concatenate smoothly and imperceptibly
wf588cAsK-0-00067-00016512-00016750 we didn't say anything about any further
wf588cAsK-0-00068-00016751-00016949 signal processing but in many systems
wf588cAsK-0-00069-00016950-00017267 although not in Festival a little bit of
wf588cAsK-0-00070-00017268-00017486 further signal processing is done for
wf588cAsK-0-00071-00017487-00017816 example to manipulate f0 in the locality
wf588cAsK-0-00072-00017817-00018080 of a join to make it more continuous
wf588cAsK-0-00073-00018081-00018283 we're not going to deviate very much
wf588cAsK-0-00074-00018284-00018514 from the original natural units that
wf588cAsK-0-00075-00018515-00018791 would degrade quality and also it will
wf588cAsK-0-00076-00018792-00018983 get us further away from this implicit
wf588cAsK-0-00077-00018984-00019208 or explicit prediction that we got from
wf588cAsK-0-00078-00019209-00019589 the unit selection process the search is
wf588cAsK-0-00079-00019590-00019778 straightforward dynamic programming it
wf588cAsK-0-00080-00019779-00019991 can be done very efficiently it can be
wf588cAsK-0-00081-00019992-00020174 formulated on a lattice to make it look
wf588cAsK-0-00082-00020175-00020396 like this picture here we could
wf588cAsK-0-00083-00020397-00020552 implement it in any way we like for
wf588cAsK-0-00084-00020553-00020806 example tow compressing in a real system
wf588cAsK-0-00085-00020807-00021040 the length of these lists of candidates
wf588cAsK-0-00086-00021041-00021265 will be much much longer there might be
wf588cAsK-0-00087-00021266-00021536 hundreds or thousands of common die
wf588cAsK-0-00088-00021537-00021811 phones with such long candidate lists
wf588cAsK-0-00089-00021812-00022036 the number of paths through the lattice
wf588cAsK-0-00090-00022037-00022292 becomes unmanageable it's too large and
wf588cAsK-0-00091-00022293-00022499 the system will be too slow it's there
wf588cAsK-0-00092-00022500-00022744 for normal to do some pruning again just
wf588cAsK-0-00093-00022745-00022972 as an automatic speech recognition there
wf588cAsK-0-00094-00022973-00023206 are many forms of pruning but the two
wf588cAsK-0-00095-00023207-00023549 most common would be firstly to limit
wf588cAsK-0-00096-00023550-00023761 the number of candidates for any target
wf588cAsK-0-00097-00023762-00024005 position so that will be based only on
wf588cAsK-0-00098-00024006-00024221 target cost it will be computed locally
wf588cAsK-0-00099-00024222-00024392 and we just keep a few hundred
wf588cAsK-0-00100-00024393-00024625 candidates perhaps for each position the
wf588cAsK-0-00101-00024626-00024958 ones with the lowest target cost and the
wf588cAsK-0-00102-00024959-00025162 second most common form of pruning is
wf588cAsK-0-00103-00025163-00025375 during the search during the dynamic
wf588cAsK-0-00104-00025376-00025614 programming as paths explore this grid
wf588cAsK-0-00105-00025616-00025931 we'll just apply beam search just as in
wf588cAsK-0-00106-00025932-00026158 automatic speech recognition comparing
wf588cAsK-0-00107-00026159-00026417 all of the paths at any moment in time
wf588cAsK-0-00108-00026418-00026651 during the search to the current best
wf588cAsK-0-00109-00026652-00026942 path those that are worse than that path
wf588cAsK-0-00110-00026943-00027092 now let's have a cost
wf588cAsK-0-00111-00027093-00027277 waited on it by some margin called the
wf588cAsK-0-00112-00027278-00027623 beam discarded as in automatic speech
wf588cAsK-0-00113-00027624-00027842 recognition pruning is an approximation
wf588cAsK-0-00114-00027843-00028120 we no longer guaranteed to find the
wf588cAsK-0-00115-00028122-00028445 lowest-cost candidate sequence but the
wf588cAsK-0-00116-00028445-00028964 payoff is speed and the final design
wf588cAsK-0-00117-00028964-00029135 choice the thing that we're going to
wf588cAsK-0-00118-00029136-00029330 cover next is what to put in our
wf588cAsK-0-00119-00029331-00029702 database so let's finish by looking
wf588cAsK-0-00120-00029702-00029977 forward to what's coming up we need to
wf588cAsK-0-00121-00029978-00030185 know a lot more about this database it's
wf588cAsK-0-00122-00030186-00030418 got to have natural speech in it it's
wf588cAsK-0-00123-00030419-00030524 going to need to be from a single
wf588cAsK-0-00124-00030525-00030670 speaker for obvious reasons we're going
wf588cAsK-0-00125-00030672-00030914 to concatenate small fragments of it but
wf588cAsK-0-00126-00030914-00031220 what exactly should we record how should
wf588cAsK-0-00127-00031220-00031412 we record it do we need to be very
wf588cAsK-0-00128-00031413-00031607 careful about that and how do we
wf588cAsK-0-00129-00031608-00031835 annotate it we need to know where all of
wf588cAsK-0-00130-00031836-00032064 say the die phones start and finish and
wf588cAsK-0-00131-00032066-00032237 annotate each of them with their
wf588cAsK-0-00132-00032238-00032446 linguistic properties for use in either
wf588cAsK-0-00133-00032447-00032936 an iff or an ASF type target cost that's
wf588cAsK-0-00134-00032937-00033206 coming next after we've built the
wf588cAsK-0-00135-00033207-00033527 database we can then move on to a more
wf588cAsK-0-00136-00033528-00033758 powerful form of speech synthesis which
wf588cAsK-0-00137-00033759-00033974 is to use a statistical parametric model
wf588cAsK-0-00138-00033975-00034237 that will generate the waveform entirely
wf588cAsK-0-00139-00034238-00034358 with a model there'll be no
wf588cAsK-0-00140-00034359-00034604 concatenation of waveforms nevertheless
wf588cAsK-0-00141-00034605-00034835 it will still need the database to learn
wf588cAsK-0-00142-00034836-00035408 that model when we come on to talk about
wf588cAsK-0-00143-00035409-00035665 the database it will be important to
wf588cAsK-0-00144-00035666-00036020 fully understand our target cost what
wf588cAsK-0-00145-00036021-00036293 features it requires for example because
wf588cAsK-0-00146-00036294-00036482 that will help us decide how to cover
wf588cAsK-0-00147-00036483-00036680 all of the permutations of features in
wf588cAsK-0-00148-00036681-00037049 the database when we think about how to
wf588cAsK-0-00149-00037050-00037258 annotate the database we'll probably
wf588cAsK-0-00150-00037259-00037460 want to do that automatically because
wf588cAsK-0-00151-00037461-00037604 the database is probably going to be
wf588cAsK-0-00152-00037605-00038036 very large and finally we'll come full
wf588cAsK-0-00153-00038037-00038192 circle to this thing called hybrid
wf588cAsK-0-00154-00038193-00038381 synthesis which is probably best
wf588cAsK-0-00155-00038382-00038570 described as unit selection driven by a
wf588cAsK-0-00156-00038571-00038687 statistical model
wf588cAsK-0-00157-00038688-00039043 so here's classical unit selection and a
wf588cAsK-0-00158-00039044-00039283 hybrid method would take the target
wf588cAsK-0-00159-00039284-00039524 sequence of units and replace it with
wf588cAsK-0-00160-00039525-00039830 predicted acoustic parameters and use
wf588cAsK-0-00161-00039831-00040100 those to go and match candidates from
wf588cAsK-0-00162-00040101-00040304 the database so the target cost will be
wf588cAsK-0-00163-00040305-00040478 in this acoustic space
wf588cAsK-0-00164-00040479-00040745 so we would replace those targets with
wf588cAsK-0-00165-00040746-00041069 parameters for example f-zero or some
wf588cAsK-0-00166-00041070-00041210 parameterization of the spectral
wf588cAsK-0-00167-00041211-00041405 envelope here it's something called line
wf588cAsK-0-00168-00041406-00041603 special pairs we'd have the candidates
wf588cAsK-0-00169-00041604-00041891 as usual from the database we'd form
wf588cAsK-0-00170-00041892-00042092 them into a lattice here it's called a
wf588cAsK-0-00171-00042093-00042314 sausage but it's really a lattice and we
wf588cAsK-0-00172-00042315-00042602 would choose the best path through that
wf588cAsK-0-00173-00042603-00042833 and the target cost function would be
wf588cAsK-0-00174-00042834-00043127 making comparisons between these our
wf588cAsK-0-00175-00043128-00043364 communites here and that predicted
wf588cAsK-0-00176-00043365-00043511 acoustic properties from a powerful
wf588cAsK-0-00177-00043512-00043802 statistical model
whYbMKAneXE-00001-00007223-00007383 that control we're just adjusting the
whYbMKAneXE-00002-00007384-00007567 ship's course to get uh hercules a
whYbMKAneXE-00003-00007568-00008327 little more centered
whYbMKAneXE-00004-00008328-00008399 yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00006-00016472-00016615 yeah you're not gaining too much you
whYbMKAneXE-00007-00016616-00016767 guys want us to just launch with you
whYbMKAneXE-00008-00016768-00017215 guys over there
whYbMKAneXE-00009-00017216-00017375 uh roger that we're just we're making a
whYbMKAneXE-00010-00017376-00017647 little bit of a way so um as soon as
whYbMKAneXE-00011-00017648-00017775 you're comfortable we should be all
whYbMKAneXE-00012-00017776-00017943 right
whYbMKAneXE-00013-00017944-00018111 well yeah you guys start to drive and
whYbMKAneXE-00014-00018112-00018271 then you get the back end pulled around
whYbMKAneXE-00015-00018272-00018535 so yeah we'll start launching you
whYbMKAneXE-00018-00038360-00038723 this is dive hotel 1893 utc is
whYbMKAneXE-00019-00038724-00040967 181105 mark
whYbMKAneXE-00020-00040968-00041127 good morning good afternoon good evening
whYbMKAneXE-00021-00041128-00041823 to our viewers around the world
whYbMKAneXE-00022-00041824-00042095 good morning lindsay
whYbMKAneXE-00023-00042096-00042239 good morning
whYbMKAneXE-00024-00042240-00042502 good morning
whYbMKAneXE-00025-00042503-00042711 this is your 8 to 12 watch here aboard
whYbMKAneXE-00026-00042712-00042911 ev nautilus with a slight modification
whYbMKAneXE-00027-00042912-00043071 this morning
whYbMKAneXE-00028-00043072-00043262 sitting next to me in place of beth
whYbMKAneXE-00029-00043263-00043399 orcutt
whYbMKAneXE-00030-00043400-00043646 privileged to introduce you to dr chris
whYbMKAneXE-00031-00043647-00043918 kelly good morning chris good morning
whYbMKAneXE-00032-00043919-00044071 yeah we're
whYbMKAneXE-00033-00044072-00044335 beth had a pretty late night last night
whYbMKAneXE-00034-00044336-00044527 and so just thought i'd give her a break
whYbMKAneXE-00035-00044528-00044743 for a little while until she wakes up oh
whYbMKAneXE-00036-00044744-00044879 we're happy to have you along with us
whYbMKAneXE-00037-00044880-00045055 today
whYbMKAneXE-00038-00045056-00045455 welcome chris yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00039-00045456-00045718 jake can you switch that to 200 meters
whYbMKAneXE-00040-00045719-00047383 yep thank you
whYbMKAneXE-00042-00050680-00050783 yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00043-00050784-00051438 thanks
whYbMKAneXE-00044-00051439-00051702 control vans ready
whYbMKAneXE-00045-00051703-00052735 ready
whYbMKAneXE-00046-00052736-00052950 um
whYbMKAneXE-00047-00052951-00053111 yeah the only other thing i'd say then
whYbMKAneXE-00048-00053112-00053342 is that
whYbMKAneXE-00049-00053344-00053471 what you can do
whYbMKAneXE-00050-00053472-00053615 is you can we could have turned heading
whYbMKAneXE-00051-00053616-00053847 directly into the wind
whYbMKAneXE-00052-00053848-00053975 and launched
whYbMKAneXE-00053-00053976-00054230 with just manual thrust forward
whYbMKAneXE-00054-00054232-00054407 and we would have drifted
whYbMKAneXE-00055-00054408-00054566 support we would have gone with the
whYbMKAneXE-00056-00054567-00054750 current
whYbMKAneXE-00057-00054751-00054847 um
whYbMKAneXE-00058-00054848-00055111 but it's a little
whYbMKAneXE-00059-00055112-00055247 it's a little late to change that once
whYbMKAneXE-00060-00055248-00057871 you're in the in the business
whYbMKAneXE-00061-00057872-00060638 ground fault on argus
whYbMKAneXE-00062-00060639-00060766 all right once again good morning
whYbMKAneXE-00063-00060767-00060887 everyone
whYbMKAneXE-00064-00060888-00061103 chris so excited to be here with you
whYbMKAneXE-00065-00061104-00061223 wondering if you can give us a little
whYbMKAneXE-00066-00061224-00061494 bit of a preview of our dive today or at
whYbMKAneXE-00067-00061495-00061759 least our dive target sure so we're
whYbMKAneXE-00068-00061760-00061966 going to be diving on a seamount that we
whYbMKAneXE-00069-00061967-00062166 assume was named after a ship and it's
whYbMKAneXE-00070-00062167-00062375 called euphemia
whYbMKAneXE-00071-00062376-00062726 and we're going to be
whYbMKAneXE-00072-00062727-00062894 hopefully hitting the summit on this
whYbMKAneXE-00073-00062895-00063166 dive this is not a guild is not a flat
whYbMKAneXE-00074-00063167-00063438 top seamount it's a conical seamount but
whYbMKAneXE-00075-00063439-00063663 it's got some sort of ridge structures
whYbMKAneXE-00076-00063664-00063806 up on the summit
whYbMKAneXE-00077-00063807-00064054 there is a slight possibility that the
whYbMKAneXE-00078-00064055-00064342 very tip of it was exposed at the
whYbMKAneXE-00079-00064344-00064463 surface
whYbMKAneXE-00080-00064464-00064671 and so we may or may not get into a
whYbMKAneXE-00081-00064672-00064894 little bit of carbonate right at the
whYbMKAneXE-00082-00064895-00065119 at the end of the diet maybe
whYbMKAneXE-00083-00065120-00065366 but um probably not probably it's just
whYbMKAneXE-00084-00065367-00065567 going to be one of these volcanoes that
whYbMKAneXE-00085-00065568-00065815 erupted and just did and the
whYbMKAneXE-00086-00065816-00066031 active phase ended before it actually
whYbMKAneXE-00087-00066032-00066247 broke surface and compared to some of
whYbMKAneXE-00088-00066248-00066399 the others that we've been diving on how
whYbMKAneXE-00089-00066400-00066671 does this relatively compare size-wise
whYbMKAneXE-00090-00066672-00067031 uh this is kind of a similar size to
whYbMKAneXE-00091-00067032-00067279 a diet we did
whYbMKAneXE-00092-00067280-00067591 two nights ago or two days ago on
whYbMKAneXE-00093-00067592-00067863 let's see which one was
whYbMKAneXE-00094-00067864-00068079 trying to remember the name of it now
whYbMKAneXE-00095-00068080-00068550 um
whYbMKAneXE-00096-00068551-00068782 i can't remember anyway because we've
whYbMKAneXE-00097-00068783-00068935 been mixing them up a little bit so we
whYbMKAneXE-00098-00068936-00069111 did don quixote
whYbMKAneXE-00099-00069112-00069294 then we had an unnamed sea mount yeah we
whYbMKAneXE-00100-00069295-00069479 did that now it's it's bigger than the
whYbMKAneXE-00101-00069480-00069631 unnamed sea mount
whYbMKAneXE-00102-00069632-00069759 and then
whYbMKAneXE-00103-00069760-00069975 we went down to tamana but i think we
whYbMKAneXE-00104-00069976-00070191 had one maybe i'm getting mixed up maybe
whYbMKAneXE-00105-00070192-00070375 uh the unnamed one is really the only
whYbMKAneXE-00106-00070376-00070615 other conical seamount that we did
whYbMKAneXE-00107-00070616-00070815 so recently yeah it doesn't quite sound
whYbMKAneXE-00108-00070816-00071031 right but anyway i'm i'm spacing out i
whYbMKAneXE-00109-00071032-00071206 think our first dive was on that
whYbMKAneXE-00110-00071207-00071359 southern one wasn't that a conical
whYbMKAneXE-00111-00071360-00071575 female you're right thank you very much
whYbMKAneXE-00112-00071576-00071855 the very first dive we call it c-mount a
whYbMKAneXE-00113-00071856-00072079 because it's unnamed it's roughly the
whYbMKAneXE-00114-00072080-00072279 same size as that one
whYbMKAneXE-00115-00072280-00072415 thank you
whYbMKAneXE-00116-00072416-00072719 i'm not used to this early
whYbMKAneXE-00117-00072720-00072919 really watch here so i guess i haven't
whYbMKAneXE-00118-00072920-00073135 done a few of them but
whYbMKAneXE-00119-00073136-00073375 no problem it's great to have you
whYbMKAneXE-00120-00073376-00073511 cool so
whYbMKAneXE-00121-00073512-00073631 relatively
whYbMKAneXE-00122-00073632-00073791 somewhat somewhat smaller seamount a
whYbMKAneXE-00123-00073792-00073982 little bit larger than the unnamed one
whYbMKAneXE-00124-00073983-00074375 and then we are descending down to just
whYbMKAneXE-00125-00074376-00074655 just above 1700 meters is that right
whYbMKAneXE-00126-00074656-00074862 that's correct and then this is going to
whYbMKAneXE-00127-00074863-00075047 be shallower than some of our earlier
whYbMKAneXE-00128-00075048-00075159 ones
whYbMKAneXE-00129-00075160-00075255 and
whYbMKAneXE-00130-00075256-00075471 we could see something very similar to
whYbMKAneXE-00131-00075472-00075631 what we saw last night because that was
whYbMKAneXE-00132-00075632-00075838 fairly shallow we got we actually got up
whYbMKAneXE-00133-00075839-00075959 into the
whYbMKAneXE-00134-00075960-00076215 i think it was 980 some odd meters at
whYbMKAneXE-00135-00076216-00076294 the
whYbMKAneXE-00136-00076295-00076638 highest point of the dive yeah um
whYbMKAneXE-00137-00076639-00076726 so
whYbMKAneXE-00138-00076727-00076959 what's interesting about that is
whYbMKAneXE-00139-00076960-00077167 we saw a whole different community up
whYbMKAneXE-00140-00077168-00077319 there and so
whYbMKAneXE-00141-00077320-00077438 i'm hoping we're going to see some
whYbMKAneXE-00142-00077439-00077591 different things today i don't mind
whYbMKAneXE-00143-00077592-00077823 seeing the same things of course but
whYbMKAneXE-00144-00077824-00078006 but it's always fun to see different
whYbMKAneXE-00145-00078007-00078223 creatures and sort of see the depth
whYbMKAneXE-00146-00078224-00078494 stratification of these communities down
whYbMKAneXE-00147-00078495-00078687 here where this group of corals and
whYbMKAneXE-00148-00078688-00078838 sponges kind of likes it a little bit
whYbMKAneXE-00149-00078839-00078926 deeper
whYbMKAneXE-00150-00078927-00079071 then you got another set that kind of
whYbMKAneXE-00151-00079072-00079238 likes it a little bit shallower and so
whYbMKAneXE-00152-00079239-00079382 on and so forth
whYbMKAneXE-00153-00079383-00079823 very cool
whYbMKAneXE-00154-00079824-00079999 maybe we'll do a quick uh introduction
whYbMKAneXE-00155-00080000-00080262 sound off in the van here so you've just
whYbMKAneXE-00156-00080263-00080535 been hearing the voice of dr chris kelly
whYbMKAneXE-00157-00080536-00080655 chris
whYbMKAneXE-00158-00080656-00080782 chris
whYbMKAneXE-00159-00080783-00081199 regular old chris regular old chris
whYbMKAneXE-00160-00081200-00081431 um i'm lindsay your science
whYbMKAneXE-00161-00081432-00081575 communication fellow let's keep going
whYbMKAneXE-00162-00081576-00081743 clockwise around the van here i'll hand
whYbMKAneXE-00163-00081744-00082006 you over to our videographer
whYbMKAneXE-00164-00082007-00082182 are you engineer i i had to think about
whYbMKAneXE-00165-00082183-00082535 clockwise there for a minute so me too
whYbMKAneXE-00166-00082536-00082838 from bottom up or top yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00167-00082839-00083103 i'm jeff i am video for this watch i'll
whYbMKAneXE-00168-00083104-00083231 be
whYbMKAneXE-00169-00083232-00083415 zooming and focusing and focusing and
whYbMKAneXE-00170-00083416-00083638 zooming and figuring out what to put on
whYbMKAneXE-00171-00083639-00083918 sat3
whYbMKAneXE-00172-00083919-00084094 next
whYbMKAneXE-00173-00084095-00084350 uh this is jake bonnie and i am the
whYbMKAneXE-00174-00084351-00084518 argus pilots
whYbMKAneXE-00175-00084519-00084694 for today's watch
whYbMKAneXE-00176-00084695-00085015 the 8 to 12.
whYbMKAneXE-00177-00085016-00085206 um jess sandoval
whYbMKAneXE-00178-00085207-00085638 uh herc for 8-12
whYbMKAneXE-00179-00085639-00085862 we're not okay navigator
whYbMKAneXE-00180-00085863-00086062 on this watch
whYbMKAneXE-00181-00086063-00086294 and steve voskovich science manager and
whYbMKAneXE-00182-00086295-00086543 data logger
whYbMKAneXE-00183-00086544-00086735 hello everybody
whYbMKAneXE-00184-00086736-00087038 i am the hawaii liaison for this watch
whYbMKAneXE-00185-00087039-00087135 as well as
whYbMKAneXE-00186-00087136-00087343 expedition i just wanted to send a
whYbMKAneXE-00187-00087344-00087582 special aloha
whYbMKAneXE-00188-00087583-00087815 to hawaii so aloha good morning
whYbMKAneXE-00189-00087816-00088087 everybody
whYbMKAneXE-00190-00088088-00088326 mahalo everyone
whYbMKAneXE-00191-00088327-00088526 yeah and a couple unique things about
whYbMKAneXE-00192-00088527-00088694 this watch we do have kalama who here
whYbMKAneXE-00193-00088695-00088950 answering questions uh about
whYbMKAneXE-00194-00088951-00089143 hawaiian cultural
whYbMKAneXE-00195-00089144-00089335 uh things
whYbMKAneXE-00196-00089336-00089455 language
whYbMKAneXE-00197-00089456-00089862 the monument and we also um typically on
whYbMKAneXE-00198-00089863-00090071 this watch are led by
whYbMKAneXE-00199-00090072-00090279 dr beth orkut who is doing a little bit
whYbMKAneXE-00200-00090280-00090406 of other work this morning and we're
whYbMKAneXE-00201-00090407-00090599 joined today by chris kelly so throw us
whYbMKAneXE-00202-00090600-00090831 your questions your comments in the chat
whYbMKAneXE-00203-00090832-00090999 uh thanks so much for joining us we'll
whYbMKAneXE-00204-00091000-00091071 be
whYbMKAneXE-00205-00091072-00091359 descending here any estimate of when we
whYbMKAneXE-00206-00091360-00091431 will
whYbMKAneXE-00207-00091432-00092118 potentially reach the sea floor jess
whYbMKAneXE-00208-00092119-00092311 sorry guys
whYbMKAneXE-00209-00092312-00092411 i'm
whYbMKAneXE-00210-00092412-00092647 a little little
whYbMKAneXE-00211-00092648-00093062 funky this morning uh 45 minutes
whYbMKAneXE-00212-00093063-00093326 screaming down 32
whYbMKAneXE-00213-00093327-00093631 meters a minute wow
whYbMKAneXE-00214-00093632-00093791 thank you gravity
whYbMKAneXE-00215-00093792-00093918 yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00216-00093919-00095982 screaming down in a walking space
whYbMKAneXE-00217-00095983-00096150 thanks for showing those gauges there in
whYbMKAneXE-00218-00096151-00096287 channel 3 jeff we were talking about
whYbMKAneXE-00219-00096288-00096567 that last night that jake is regularly
whYbMKAneXE-00220-00096568-00096806 monitoring those and is there a reason
whYbMKAneXE-00221-00096807-00097055 that you have to monitor them visually
whYbMKAneXE-00222-00097056-00097574 rather than through digital sensors
whYbMKAneXE-00223-00097575-00097838 um i think it just removes
whYbMKAneXE-00224-00097839-00097950 like
whYbMKAneXE-00225-00097951-00098135 another layer of problems so if we can
whYbMKAneXE-00226-00098136-00098311 monitor it with the cameras and they're
whYbMKAneXE-00227-00098312-00098687 just you know strictly pressure gauges
whYbMKAneXE-00228-00098688-00098926 just reading the hydraulic pressure
whYbMKAneXE-00229-00098927-00099071 then
whYbMKAneXE-00230-00099072-00099326 removes like that that uh
whYbMKAneXE-00231-00099327-00099535 uncertainty of an electronic measurement
whYbMKAneXE-00232-00099536-00099662 of
whYbMKAneXE-00233-00099663-00099815 the pressure
whYbMKAneXE-00234-00099816-00099982 yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00235-00099983-00100118 there's enough potential fail spots
whYbMKAneXE-00236-00100119-00100438 already is that what you're saying yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00237-00100439-00100574 i just figured out why i couldn't
whYbMKAneXE-00238-00100575-00100726 remember the name of the c-mount i was
whYbMKAneXE-00239-00100727-00100831 thinking of
whYbMKAneXE-00240-00100832-00101118 oh because it doesn't exist oh this is
whYbMKAneXE-00241-00101119-00101391 the seamount this is the seamount yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00242-00101392-00101591 because of just transit times and so
whYbMKAneXE-00243-00101592-00101791 forth we changed the order of the dives
whYbMKAneXE-00244-00101792-00101959 and so we were going to originally go
whYbMKAneXE-00245-00101960-00102111 from
whYbMKAneXE-00246-00102112-00102367 excuse me on northwest don quixote
whYbMKAneXE-00247-00102368-00102582 seamount to
whYbMKAneXE-00248-00102583-00102839 euphemia and then on to
whYbMKAneXE-00249-00102840-00103102 sovereign and tamana and instead we
whYbMKAneXE-00250-00103103-00103286 wound up going from northwest don
whYbMKAneXE-00251-00103288-00103390 quixote
whYbMKAneXE-00252-00103391-00103518 down to
whYbMKAneXE-00253-00103519-00103782 tamana already and somehow i had in my
whYbMKAneXE-00254-00103783-00103966 head that we got one of them in between
whYbMKAneXE-00255-00103967-00104078 and we haven't we're going to do them
whYbMKAneXE-00256-00104079-00104358 now we're going to do them back to back
whYbMKAneXE-00257-00104359-00104590 femia and sovereign so
whYbMKAneXE-00258-00104591-00104742 that makes you feel a little bit better
whYbMKAneXE-00259-00104743-00104910 not quite as old
whYbMKAneXE-00260-00104911-00105063 no problem now
whYbMKAneXE-00261-00105064-00105183 because i know originally you had
whYbMKAneXE-00262-00105183-00105454 planned you know an estimated 14 dives
whYbMKAneXE-00263-00105455-00105710 on this expedition we're well over half
whYbMKAneXE-00264-00105711-00105966 well over halfway there you know um
whYbMKAneXE-00265-00105967-00106158 any surprises thus far or how are you
whYbMKAneXE-00266-00106159-00106431 feeling what's the overall feeling of uh
whYbMKAneXE-00267-00106432-00106686 the expedition in our what this now our
whYbMKAneXE-00268-00106688-00106847 10th 11th dive
whYbMKAneXE-00269-00106848-00107151 uh yeah i think it's 10 today
whYbMKAneXE-00270-00107152-00107254 um
whYbMKAneXE-00271-00107255-00107463 the biggest surprise is that we've got
whYbMKAneXE-00272-00107464-00107663 the amazing weather that we had we've
whYbMKAneXE-00273-00107664-00107919 had one storm that we had to it wasn't
whYbMKAneXE-00274-00107920-00108095 really even a storm it was more a higher
whYbMKAneXE-00275-00108096-00108302 sea state that we had to
whYbMKAneXE-00276-00108303-00108463 escape from
whYbMKAneXE-00277-00108464-00108639 and i'm always one of these guys who
whYbMKAneXE-00278-00108640-00108839 tries to make lemonade out of lemons and
whYbMKAneXE-00279-00108840-00109039 so what we did is we had to head south
whYbMKAneXE-00280-00109040-00109239 to get out of it and we needed to do
whYbMKAneXE-00281-00109240-00109454 more mapping on
whYbMKAneXE-00282-00109455-00109695 sea mount paul and
whYbMKAneXE-00283-00109696-00109863 some of the other ones starling and so
whYbMKAneXE-00284-00109864-00110095 we ran down and running ran another
whYbMKAneXE-00285-00110096-00110310 mapping line down and then we came back
whYbMKAneXE-00286-00110311-00110486 up to get a third mapping
whYbMKAneXE-00287-00110488-00110710 line up on these seamounts
whYbMKAneXE-00288-00110711-00110854 after the weather
whYbMKAneXE-00289-00110855-00110951 state
whYbMKAneXE-00290-00110952-00111102 had settled down
whYbMKAneXE-00291-00111103-00111310 and they're basically all map which
whYbMKAneXE-00292-00111311-00111519 allows me to actually look and pick dive
whYbMKAneXE-00293-00111520-00111647 sites on them which we didn't have
whYbMKAneXE-00294-00111648-00111839 before and we got right back up here and
whYbMKAneXE-00295-00111840-00112007 started operations
whYbMKAneXE-00296-00112008-00112295 so that's a huge surprise that
whYbMKAneXE-00297-00112296-00112486 except for that one storm that really
whYbMKAneXE-00298-00112488-00112678 didn't set us back
whYbMKAneXE-00299-00112679-00112815 um
whYbMKAneXE-00300-00112816-00112951 the other thing of course i'm always
whYbMKAneXE-00301-00112952-00113110 surprised is like i think this
whYbMKAneXE-00302-00113111-00113327 particular site is going to be very
whYbMKAneXE-00303-00113328-00113519 productive and this particular site is
whYbMKAneXE-00304-00113520-00113671 not going to be very productive and i'm
whYbMKAneXE-00305-00113672-00113839 not sure i'm
whYbMKAneXE-00306-00113840-00114086 predicting sites very well
whYbMKAneXE-00307-00114088-00114334 you know we're doing okay but
whYbMKAneXE-00308-00114335-00114566 that one site that was so spectacular
whYbMKAneXE-00309-00114567-00114758 with all the sponges and the corals the
whYbMKAneXE-00310-00114759-00114958 other day
whYbMKAneXE-00311-00114959-00115095 hadn't really thought that that was
whYbMKAneXE-00312-00115096-00115263 going to be as productive it was going
whYbMKAneXE-00313-00115264-00115502 to be and then a couple other sites that
whYbMKAneXE-00314-00115503-00115671 i thought would be just
whYbMKAneXE-00315-00115672-00115934 exploding with biology they came they
whYbMKAneXE-00316-00115935-00116134 turned out to be a little more sparse
whYbMKAneXE-00317-00116135-00116351 that's by the nature of exploration
whYbMKAneXE-00318-00116352-00116599 isn't it having to keep that curiosity
whYbMKAneXE-00319-00116600-00116799 open yeah if you already knew everything
whYbMKAneXE-00320-00116800-00117063 where's the fun in that right right yeah
whYbMKAneXE-00321-00117064-00117223 it's figuring out it's fun it's a
whYbMKAneXE-00322-00117224-00117454 journey that's fun yeah and you always
whYbMKAneXE-00323-00117455-00117639 try to for me at least always try to
whYbMKAneXE-00324-00117640-00117871 predict what's going to happen you know
whYbMKAneXE-00325-00117872-00118071 and what you're going to see and most of
whYbMKAneXE-00326-00118072-00118399 the times you're quite a bit wrong
whYbMKAneXE-00327-00118400-00118510 i think we're getting a little bit
whYbMKAneXE-00328-00118511-00118663 better at what we're going to see now
whYbMKAneXE-00329-00118664-00118823 we've done enough of this but there's
whYbMKAneXE-00330-00118824-00119047 always surprises yeah we get a lot of
whYbMKAneXE-00331-00119048-00119199 questions in the comments from viewers
whYbMKAneXE-00332-00119200-00119358 about why are there no animals here why
whYbMKAneXE-00333-00119359-00119510 are there lots of animals here and it
whYbMKAneXE-00334-00119511-00119686 sounds like
whYbMKAneXE-00335-00119688-00119847 we're not always straightforward answers
whYbMKAneXE-00336-00119848-00120054 to that it isn't straightforward and we
whYbMKAneXE-00337-00120055-00120207 think the current conditions are going
whYbMKAneXE-00338-00120208-00120407 to be really good here and they're not
whYbMKAneXE-00339-00120408-00120519 and then you think this ridge
whYbMKAneXE-00340-00120520-00120783 orientation is going to be not so great
whYbMKAneXE-00341-00120783-00120990 and it is and
whYbMKAneXE-00342-00120991-00121254 it's complicated picture and it's
whYbMKAneXE-00343-00121255-00121502 complicated environmental factors that
whYbMKAneXE-00344-00121503-00121686 sort of lead to the development of these
whYbMKAneXE-00345-00121688-00121839 really amazing
whYbMKAneXE-00346-00121840-00122039 communities down deep
whYbMKAneXE-00347-00122040-00122343 so um i think the more times we get down
whYbMKAneXE-00348-00122344-00122543 there and the more times we can actually
whYbMKAneXE-00349-00122544-00122734 see and collect all the data that we're
whYbMKAneXE-00350-00122735-00122966 doing right now uh the better it is
whYbMKAneXE-00351-00122967-00123054 because
whYbMKAneXE-00352-00123055-00123183 you know we're going to be able to
whYbMKAneXE-00353-00123183-00123399 compile all this and look for patterns
whYbMKAneXE-00354-00123400-00123566 which is we're sort of doing this right
whYbMKAneXE-00355-00123567-00123686 now
whYbMKAneXE-00356-00123688-00123990 but no really wonderful pattern that's
whYbMKAneXE-00357-00123991-00124199 going to apply to everything has emerged
whYbMKAneXE-00358-00124200-00124334 yet
whYbMKAneXE-00359-00124335-00124414 so
whYbMKAneXE-00360-00124415-00124590 um to give you another example of a
whYbMKAneXE-00361-00124591-00124943 surprise we we believe that this whole
whYbMKAneXE-00362-00124944-00125143 group of seamounts which we're calling
whYbMKAneXE-00363-00125144-00125343 the south wentworth seamounts are very
whYbMKAneXE-00364-00125344-00125527 very old somewhere in the
whYbMKAneXE-00365-00125528-00125854 neighborhood of 80 to 100 million years
whYbMKAneXE-00366-00125855-00126143 and yet they should they should have
whYbMKAneXE-00367-00126144-00126327 really thick manganese crusts on them
whYbMKAneXE-00368-00126328-00126583 because it's an age phenomenon there's
whYbMKAneXE-00369-00126583-00126675 about
whYbMKAneXE-00370-00126676-00127007 2.5 millimeters of manganese crust
whYbMKAneXE-00371-00127008-00127327 that's deposited on rocky surfaces every
whYbMKAneXE-00372-00127328-00127566 million years so if you're 80 million
whYbMKAneXE-00373-00127567-00127783 years old you can do the math
whYbMKAneXE-00374-00127783-00127999 right it should be a pretty substantial
whYbMKAneXE-00375-00128000-00128295 layer of crust on it and yet a couple of
whYbMKAneXE-00376-00128296-00128599 the sites had much less
whYbMKAneXE-00377-00128600-00128807 manganese crust and that was really
whYbMKAneXE-00378-00128808-00128934 puzzling
whYbMKAneXE-00379-00128935-00129054 until
whYbMKAneXE-00380-00129055-00129319 dr kevin conrad
whYbMKAneXE-00381-00129320-00129566 who's one of the scientists on shore
whYbMKAneXE-00382-00129567-00129695 made a comment
whYbMKAneXE-00383-00129696-00129871 it's quite possible that where we were
whYbMKAneXE-00384-00129872-00130166 diving or some type of a landslide
whYbMKAneXE-00385-00130167-00130286 that occurred
whYbMKAneXE-00386-00130288-00130599 you know not too far into the past and
whYbMKAneXE-00387-00130600-00130799 all of these rocks then were exposed
whYbMKAneXE-00388-00130800-00130943 ones that had
whYbMKAneXE-00389-00130944-00131207 previously been buried or been inside of
whYbMKAneXE-00390-00131208-00131359 the actual sea mount
whYbMKAneXE-00391-00131360-00131583 got exposed and then the manganese crust
whYbMKAneXE-00392-00131584-00131751 started from that point not from the
whYbMKAneXE-00393-00131752-00131999 birth of the sea mount started later and
whYbMKAneXE-00394-00132000-00132111 therefore
whYbMKAneXE-00395-00132112-00132278 we're seeing thinner crusts because
whYbMKAneXE-00396-00132279-00132519 there really hasn't been as much time
whYbMKAneXE-00397-00132520-00132759 for those rocks
whYbMKAneXE-00398-00132760-00132951 so i never would have thought of that
whYbMKAneXE-00399-00132952-00133119 you know i always just
whYbMKAneXE-00400-00133120-00133544 i always think you know if it's this old
wld4EbGte_I-00000-00000000-00000473 is my first day in manyzales and pretty
wld4EbGte_I-00001-00000474-00000647 sure the elevation is
wld4EbGte_I-00002-00000648-00001199 making me feel super out of shape it is
wld4EbGte_I-00003-00001200-00001433 beautiful here I feel like I'm in a
wld4EbGte_I-00004-00001434-00001763 cloud forest it's there is just like
wld4EbGte_I-00005-00001764-00001937 flowers
wld4EbGte_I-00006-00001938-00002105 everywhere I'm gonna go into the City
wld4EbGte_I-00007-00002106-00002345 and met some people yesterday on the bus
wld4EbGte_I-00008-00002346-00002549 I'm gonna go hang out it's incredible
wld4EbGte_I-00009-00002550-00002747 like how vibrant and colorful everything
wld4EbGte_I-00010-00002748-00002950 is oh here's the best it's only I'm only
wld4EbGte_I-00011-00002951-00003179 2.9 kilometers away from the city it's
wld4EbGte_I-00012-00003180-00003377 not far but it's up a hill throughout
wld4EbGte_I-00013-00003378-00004009 the city or you feel way safer um
wld4EbGte_I-00014-00004010-00004301 I'm in
wld4EbGte_I-00015-00004302-00004463 Nevada
wld4EbGte_I-00016-00004464-00005527 um I'm having a coffee
wld4EbGte_I-00017-00005528-00005872 into the lookout but it is really cloudy
wld4EbGte_I-00018-00005873-00006035 so we'll see
wld4EbGte_I-00019-00006036-00006769 if we can find anything
wld4EbGte_I-00020-00006770-00007870 [Music]
wld4EbGte_I-00021-00007872-00008778 foreign
wld4EbGte_I-00022-00008779-00011025 [Music]
wld4EbGte_I-00023-00011026-00011767 [Music]
wld4EbGte_I-00024-00011768-00012101 so it is still the same day and it has
wld4EbGte_I-00025-00012102-00012395 been kind of Sunny kind of Cloudy it's
wld4EbGte_I-00026-00012396-00012677 really rainy really cloudy right now
wld4EbGte_I-00027-00012678-00012991 we're at this church but it's close
wld4EbGte_I-00028-00012991-00013451 and it is raining but it's not like
wld4EbGte_I-00029-00013452-00013559 super cold
wld4EbGte_I-00030-00013560-00014177 [Music]
wld4EbGte_I-00031-00014178-00014357 foreign
wld4EbGte_I-00033-00018062-00019135 [Music]
wld4EbGte_I-00034-00019136-00019450 thank you
wld4EbGte_I-00035-00019451-00019602 success
wld4EbGte_I-00036-00019603-00021743 [Music]
wld4EbGte_I-00037-00021744-00022386 [Music]
wld4EbGte_I-00038-00022387-00023200 you're so happy
wld4EbGte_I-00039-00023201-00025180 so I'm
wld4EbGte_I-00040-00025181-00025436 almost there
wmwFl__FsAc-00000-00000003-00000289 so what I'm showing you is that all this
wmwFl__FsAc-00001-00000290-00000394 hocus-pocus
wmwFl__FsAc-00002-00000395-00001011 about the fear of nothingness is that
wmwFl__FsAc-00003-00001013-00001319 truly speaking nothingness is what we
wmwFl__FsAc-00004-00001320-00001478 want to talk about when we talk about
wmwFl__FsAc-00005-00001479-00002260 the spiritual only it's all been ignored
wmwFl__FsAc-00006-00002261-00002568 it's all been put down and say oh
wmwFl__FsAc-00007-00002569-00002822 nothingness we're having preserve us
wmwFl__FsAc-00008-00002823-00003284 from that well that's where the secret
wmwFl__FsAc-00009-00003285-00003722 lies and obviously the secret always
wmwFl__FsAc-00010-00003722-00003860 lies in the place you'd never think of
wmwFl__FsAc-00011-00003861-00004277 looking for it in mythology this comes
wmwFl__FsAc-00012-00004278-00004461 again and again okay this is Christmas
wmwFl__FsAc-00013-00004462-00004910 well is the Christ born in a palace no
wmwFl__FsAc-00014-00004911-00005202 well nobody would think of looking in
wmwFl__FsAc-00015-00005203-00006136 pigsty although I have a Japanese friend
wmwFl__FsAc-00016-00006137-00006734 who once said to me he said you know the
wmwFl__FsAc-00017-00006734-00006905 real difference between Christianity and
wmwFl__FsAc-00018-00006906-00007339 Buddhism is that Christ was the son of a
wmwFl__FsAc-00019-00007340-00007553 carpenter and Buddha the son of a prince
wmwFl__FsAc-00020-00007554-00009089 I thought that was rather funny well we
wmwFl__FsAc-00021-00009090-00009245 don't know who the Prince is without the
wmwFl__FsAc-00022-00009246-00010133 carpenter do we
wmwFl__FsAc-00023-00010134-00010514 now it's in that sense really that I
wmwFl__FsAc-00024-00010515-00010841 could suggest to you that you meditate
wmwFl__FsAc-00025-00010842-00011164 on nothingness I know you can't think
wmwFl__FsAc-00026-00011165-00011717 about it but yet when it becomes
wmwFl__FsAc-00027-00011718-00011882 perfectly clear to you that that's what
wmwFl__FsAc-00028-00011883-00012545 you are and what you were before you
wmwFl__FsAc-00029-00012546-00013469 were born
wmwFl__FsAc-00030-00013469-00013888 where can anybody stick a knife into you
wmwFl__FsAc-00031-00013888-00015088 fundamentally you see alright get it
wmwFl__FsAc-00032-00015090-00015316 because this is really the secret of the
wmwFl__FsAc-00033-00015318-00015908 whole thing if you see that now we want
wmwFl__FsAc-00034-00015909-00016277 to go on and be able to answer all the
wmwFl__FsAc-00035-00016278-00016439 people who will come budgets about it
wmwFl__FsAc-00036-00016440-00016652 but whether you say anything about it to
wmwFl__FsAc-00037-00016653-00016793 other people or not people are gonna bug
wmwFl__FsAc-00038-00016794-00017279 you about this and say oh no no no you
wmwFl__FsAc-00039-00017280-00017435 you really are something
wmwFl__FsAc-00040-00017436-00017681 you know you'll know it well Wylie you
wmwFl__FsAc-00041-00017682-00018022 know the life isn't the way you think it
wmwFl__FsAc-00042-00018023-00018640 can be awful see me real who happen to
wmwFl__FsAc-00043-00018641-00019069 the they'll say oh you cake we're in
wmwFl__FsAc-00044-00019070-00019259 such a philosophy as this is there any
wmwFl__FsAc-00045-00019260-00019546 basis for the love of one's fellow men
wmwFl__FsAc-00046-00019547-00019972 or joy and children for cultivating
wmwFl__FsAc-00047-00019973-00020156 gardens for doing this and that and the
wmwFl__FsAc-00048-00020157-00020369 other thing where as you there is no
wmwFl__FsAc-00049-00020370-00020642 basis in it that's the same way there is
wmwFl__FsAc-00050-00020643-00020894 no basis in emptiness for form also it
wmwFl__FsAc-00051-00020895-00021244 seems but only precisely to the degree
wmwFl__FsAc-00052-00021245-00021449 that you have discovered the nothingness
wmwFl__FsAc-00053-00021450-00021922 that you are you find you're suddenly
wmwFl__FsAc-00054-00021923-00022444 full of energy that is energy the source
wmwFl__FsAc-00055-00022445-00022664 and origin of energy so that when you
wmwFl__FsAc-00056-00022665-00022853 know is not the sort of nothing in your
wmwFl__FsAc-00057-00022854-00023114 way then you can do exactly what I was
wmwFl__FsAc-00058-00023115-00023375 describing is having this glee for going
wmwFl__FsAc-00059-00023376-00023528 into doing this that and the other thing
wmwFl__FsAc-00060-00023529-00024071 and being thoroughly creative but you
wmwFl__FsAc-00061-00024072-00024443 can't be creative art ago just plain
wmwFl__FsAc-00062-00024444-00024700 something else you need nothingness to
wmwFl__FsAc-00063-00024701-00025224 be creative
wmwFl__FsAc-00064-00025225-00026043 and that's what we are and this tool is
wmwFl__FsAc-00065-00026044-00026319 is real nothingness and I think it's not
wmwFl__FsAc-00066-00026320-00026922 darkness it's not like being buried
wmwFl__FsAc-00067-00026923-00027297 alive forever it's not like rest even
wmwFl__FsAc-00068-00027298-00027582 when the Catholics sing rest eternal
wmwFl__FsAc-00069-00027583-00027738 grant unto them O Lord and let like
wmwFl__FsAc-00070-00027739-00028073 perpetual shine upon this isn't rest
wmwFl__FsAc-00071-00028074-00028442 because it isn't motion
wmwFl__FsAc-00072-00028443-00028668 neither motion nor rest
wmwFl__FsAc-00073-00028669-00029214 what is it nobody can imagine and it's
wmwFl__FsAc-00074-00029214-00029352 at that point you see where the
wmwFl__FsAc-00075-00029352-00029598 imagination completely runs out and
wmwFl__FsAc-00076-00029599-00029994 stops there we've hit the thing see
wmwFl__FsAc-00077-00029995-00030327 there you are right as the fundamental
wmwFl__FsAc-00078-00030327-00030891 mystical reality now what this is we're
wmwFl__FsAc-00079-00030892-00031386 talking about is what mystics have quite
wmwFl__FsAc-00080-00031387-00031635 often discussed this isn't read very
wmwFl__FsAc-00081-00031636-00031935 much it's a state called agnosia which
wmwFl__FsAc-00082-00031936-00032292 means unknowing there's a book called
wmwFl__FsAc-00083-00032293-00032550 the Cloud of Unknowing written by an
wmwFl__FsAc-00084-00032551-00032835 English monk in the 14th century but
wmwFl__FsAc-00085-00032836-00033003 it's based on another book called
wmwFl__FsAc-00086-00033004-00033480 theologian Mystica which was written in
wmwFl__FsAc-00087-00033481-00033969 the 6th century by an unknown syrian
wmwFl__FsAc-00088-00033970-00034265 monk who used the name of darkness the
wmwFl__FsAc-00089-00034266-00034725 Areopagus and absolutely fascinating
wmwFl__FsAc-00090-00034726-00034926 very short little book which I
wmwFl__FsAc-00091-00034927-00035262 translated long ago back in 1943 and I'm
wmwFl__FsAc-00092-00035263-00035829 about to reissue it but this book ends
wmwFl__FsAc-00093-00035830-00036396 up with a description of God which is
wmwFl__FsAc-00094-00036397-00036765 all in negatives
wmwFl__FsAc-00095-00036766-00037041 not any kind of anything you can imagine
wmwFl__FsAc-00096-00037042-00037373 at all not light not power not spirit
wmwFl__FsAc-00097-00037374-00037668 not father's who had not sonship not
wmwFl__FsAc-00098-00037669-00037911 this that and the other all the way down
wmwFl__FsAc-00099-00037912-00038088 the line everything that anybody's ever
wmwFl__FsAc-00100-00038089-00038381 said or thought about God has denied
wmwFl__FsAc-00101-00038382-00038727 because God is infinite and therefore
wmwFl__FsAc-00102-00038728-00038928 beyond the reach of any conception at
wmwFl__FsAc-00103-00038929-00039405 all so he says that anybody who having a
wmwFl__FsAc-00104-00039406-00039690 vision thought he saw God would not have
wmwFl__FsAc-00105-00039691-00039879 seen God but some creature that God has
wmwFl__FsAc-00106-00039880-00040308 made the disaster than God so again you
wmwFl__FsAc-00107-00040309-00040692 approach in a Christian context said in
wmwFl__FsAc-00108-00040693-00040860 such a way that even some Thomas Aquinas
wmwFl__FsAc-00109-00040861-00041349 taught it that you can't impute heresy
wmwFl__FsAc-00110-00041350-00041646 to it because everybody's got to agree
wmwFl__FsAc-00111-00041647-00041802 that God is the which then which there
wmwFl__FsAc-00112-00041803-00042095 is no which er this guy spelled it out
wmwFl__FsAc-00113-00042096-00042563 so in the same way you get Nagarjuna
wmwFl__FsAc-00114-00042564-00042792 saying that the ultimate reality is
wmwFl__FsAc-00115-00042793-00043482 Shunyata avoidance so Shankara gets at
wmwFl__FsAc-00116-00043483-00044007 it where he says that which is the Noah
wmwFl__FsAc-00117-00044008-00044193 or the knowing and everything can never
wmwFl__FsAc-00118-00044194-00044379 itself be an object of its own knowledge
wmwFl__FsAc-00119-00044380-00044670 for fire doesn't burn itself although it
wmwFl__FsAc-00120-00044671-00045006 burns other things so we never know what
wmwFl__FsAc-00121-00045007-00045234 the Brahman is just like the eyes don't
wmwFl__FsAc-00122-00045235-00045930 ever see the head if you put something
wmwFl__FsAc-00123-00045931-00046281 there you are stopping short of nothing
wmwFl__FsAc-00124-00046282-00046488 and you don't get the whole benefit of
wmwFl__FsAc-00125-00046489-00046800 it that's all if you insist that there
wmwFl__FsAc-00126-00046801-00047292 is something there that there is the
wmwFl__FsAc-00127-00047293-00047645 loving father at the end of the line or
wmwFl__FsAc-00128-00047646-00048165 the Paradise Garden you are really
wmwFl__FsAc-00129-00048166-00048642 cheating yourself because it's only when
wmwFl__FsAc-00130-00048643-00048825 you have thorough emptiness and real
wmwFl__FsAc-00131-00048826-00048990 downright nothingness at the end of the
wmwFl__FsAc-00132-00048991-00049482 line that you get the full impact no
wmwFl__FsAc-00133-00049483-00049723 holes look mama no hounds see
wmwFl__FsAc-00134-00049724-00050177 [Laughter]
wmwFl__FsAc-00135-00050178-00050421 now I really think that's the simplest
wmwFl__FsAc-00136-00050422-00050781 thing I could possibly get you I really
wmwFl__FsAc-00137-00050782-00050922 don't know what else there is to be said
wmwFl__FsAc-00138-00050923-00051452 about this whole Zen project or
wmwFl__FsAc-00139-00051453-00051985 mysticism Vedanta what-have-you it comes
wmwFl__FsAc-00140-00051986-00052536 down to that and there are infinitely
wmwFl__FsAc-00141-00052537-00053272 many ways of evading but what I'm trying
wmwFl__FsAc-00142-00053273-00054042 to point out to you you see is the way
wmwFl__FsAc-00143-00054043-00054693 in which you see the point by taking the
wmwFl__FsAc-00144-00054694-00055074 line of least resistance by facing the
wmwFl__FsAc-00145-00055075-00055536 facts by not super adding to truth
wmwFl__FsAc-00146-00055537-00055851 something you contribute to it your own
wmwFl__FsAc-00147-00055852-00056248 business that you put up but saying if I
wmwFl__FsAc-00148-00056249-00056493 follow what I can see or can see with my
wmwFl__FsAc-00149-00056494-00056848 senses to be reality as far as we can
wmwFl__FsAc-00150-00056849-00057138 look it seems that this is sort of the
wmwFl__FsAc-00151-00057139-00057424 inevitable conclusion which everybody
wmwFl__FsAc-00152-00057425-00057654 has spent endless effort in arguing
wmwFl__FsAc-00153-00057655-00058147 about and resisting not realize that if
wmwFl__FsAc-00154-00058148-00058392 they went the whole way how splendid it
wmwFl__FsAc-00155-00058393-00059741 would be and that's all you have to do
wmwFl__FsAc-00156-00059741-00060075 this concludes session 6 of out of your
wmwFl__FsAc-00157-00060076-00060127 mind
wmwFl__FsAc-00158-00060128-00060437 [Music]
xoi-A162Nwk-00000-00002474-00002755 welcome back to this course on
xoi-A162Nwk-00001-00002756-00003151 nanostructured materials synthesis
xoi-A162Nwk-00002-00003152-00003365 properties self-assembly and
xoi-A162Nwk-00003-00003365-00003706 applications so we are in the module
xoi-A162Nwk-00004-00003707-00004168 four and today is the second lecture of
xoi-A162Nwk-00005-00004169-00004447 module four and it's also the second
xoi-A162Nwk-00006-00004448-00004745 lecture on photo catalysis so in the
xoi-A162Nwk-00007-00004746-00004946 previous lecture we discussed the
xoi-A162Nwk-00008-00004947-00005192 preliminaries and the basics of
xoi-A162Nwk-00009-00005193-00005478 photocatalysis that is you are
xoi-A162Nwk-00010-00005479-00005795 catalyzing a reaction in the presence of
xoi-A162Nwk-00011-00005796-00006322 light and a catalyst is being used and a
xoi-A162Nwk-00012-00006323-00006553 catalyst the definition of a catalyst is
xoi-A162Nwk-00013-00006554-00006931 one which is participating in a reaction
xoi-A162Nwk-00014-00006933-00007273 and lowering the activation energy of
xoi-A162Nwk-00015-00007275-00007664 the reaction and hence and is also
xoi-A162Nwk-00016-00007665-00007895 regenerated at the end of the reaction
xoi-A162Nwk-00017-00007895-00008198 now this is a definition for a general
xoi-A162Nwk-00018-00008199-00008528 catalyst a photo catalyst has these
xoi-A162Nwk-00019-00008529-00008906 properties in the presence of light so
xoi-A162Nwk-00020-00008907-00009103 it works in the presence of light and
xoi-A162Nwk-00021-00009104-00009470 light can be of different frequencies
xoi-A162Nwk-00022-00009471-00009766 and the frequencies of light which are
xoi-A162Nwk-00023-00009767-00010130 of interest is mainly in the visible and
xoi-A162Nwk-00024-00010131-00010438 in the ultraviolet because that's the
xoi-A162Nwk-00025-00010439-00010828 light or the which we want to use from
xoi-A162Nwk-00026-00010829-00011237 the solar radiation and hence the region
xoi-A162Nwk-00027-00011238-00011527 of the electromagnetic spectrum that is
xoi-A162Nwk-00028-00011528-00012010 of interest in photocatalysis is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00029-00012011-00012220 visible region and the ultraviolet
xoi-A162Nwk-00030-00012221-00012527 region so continuing our lecture or
xoi-A162Nwk-00031-00012528-00012778 photocatalysis today we will be
xoi-A162Nwk-00032-00012779-00013262 discussing specially the photocatalysis
xoi-A162Nwk-00033-00013263-00013535 or splitting of water in the presence of
xoi-A162Nwk-00034-00013536-00013907 light how materials can catalyze the
xoi-A162Nwk-00035-00013908-00014150 splitting of water to give hydrogen and
xoi-A162Nwk-00036-00014151-00014413 oxygen which is the photocatalytic
xoi-A162Nwk-00037-00014415-00014774 process in the presence of sunlight now
xoi-A162Nwk-00038-00014775-00015476 as you know the fuel is a real problem
xoi-A162Nwk-00039-00015477-00015644 for the
xoi-A162Nwk-00040-00015644-00016019 you have coal-based well you have
xoi-A162Nwk-00041-00016019-00016347 natural gas you have hydroelectricity
xoi-A162Nwk-00042-00016349-00016685 from different sources you can generate
xoi-A162Nwk-00043-00016686-00017045 power but one of the future sources of
xoi-A162Nwk-00044-00017046-00017314 power is considered to be hydrogen and
xoi-A162Nwk-00045-00017315-00017588 people want to know how to produce
xoi-A162Nwk-00046-00017589-00017849 hydrogen for different purposes for
xoi-A162Nwk-00047-00017850-00018365 local use and for use as a fuel for
xoi-A162Nwk-00048-00018366-00018650 large industries etcetera so among the
xoi-A162Nwk-00049-00018651-00018988 various methods for hydrogen production
xoi-A162Nwk-00050-00018989-00019175 thermochemical roots are their
xoi-A162Nwk-00051-00019176-00019502 electrical it accruals are their photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00052-00019503-00019775 lytic roots of hydrogen formation are
xoi-A162Nwk-00053-00019776-00020030 there then there are biochemical
xoi-A162Nwk-00054-00020031-00020336 pathways and also chemical Reformation
xoi-A162Nwk-00055-00020337-00020738 of naphtha which is obtained naturally
xoi-A162Nwk-00056-00020739-00021155 so you can have several methods by which
xoi-A162Nwk-00057-00021156-00021485 you can produce hydrogen the process
xoi-A162Nwk-00058-00021486-00021755 with which we are interested in this
xoi-A162Nwk-00059-00021756-00022033 part of our course is the electrolytic
xoi-A162Nwk-00060-00022034-00022298 generation of hydrogen or the photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00061-00022299-00022547 electric photo lytic generation of
xoi-A162Nwk-00062-00022548-00022745 hydrogen so this is a photo catalytic
xoi-A162Nwk-00063-00022746-00022991 process this is photo electrochemical
xoi-A162Nwk-00064-00022992-00023212 process by which you can generate
xoi-A162Nwk-00065-00023213-00023567 hydrogen so what is the photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00066-00023568-00023924 electrolysis of water now the discovery
xoi-A162Nwk-00067-00023925-00024356 of photo electrolysis of water directly
xoi-A162Nwk-00068-00024357-00024665 giving oxygen at a titanium dioxide
xoi-A162Nwk-00069-00024666-00025004 electrode and hydrogen at a platinum
xoi-A162Nwk-00070-00025005-00025451 electrode was of tremendous interest and
xoi-A162Nwk-00071-00025452-00025769 is a major breakthrough in science and
xoi-A162Nwk-00072-00025770-00026128 this was attributed to fuji Shima and
xoi-A162Nwk-00073-00026129-00026593 Honda and they showed this reaction
xoi-A162Nwk-00074-00026594-00026867 sometime it is reported in the paper
xoi-A162Nwk-00075-00026868-00027277 chemical reviews in 1972 and so it is a
xoi-A162Nwk-00076-00027279-00027536 long time that people have been working
xoi-A162Nwk-00077-00027537-00028045 on titanium dioxide as the material at
xoi-A162Nwk-00078-00028047-00028469 the electrode where oxygen is generated
xoi-A162Nwk-00079-00028470-00028754 and you have another electrode which is
xoi-A162Nwk-00080-00028755-00028915 platinum where hydrogen is
xoi-A162Nwk-00081-00028916-00029140 generated and these two electrodes are
xoi-A162Nwk-00082-00029141-00029510 in aqueous medium so from water you are
xoi-A162Nwk-00083-00029511-00029939 generating oxygen and hydrogen so this
xoi-A162Nwk-00084-00029939-00030220 is basically water splitting and you are
xoi-A162Nwk-00085-00030221-00030439 doing water splitting in a
xoi-A162Nwk-00086-00030439-00030701 electrochemical cell so this is photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00087-00030702-00031108 electrochemical splitting of water or we
xoi-A162Nwk-00088-00031109-00031330 can call it photo electrolysis of water
xoi-A162Nwk-00089-00031331-00031811 and Fuji Fuji Shima and Honda's work is
xoi-A162Nwk-00090-00031812-00032180 a major breakthrough using titanium
xoi-A162Nwk-00091-00032181-00032518 dioxide as one of the photo catalysts
xoi-A162Nwk-00092-00032519-00032801 and if titanium dioxide has a band gap
xoi-A162Nwk-00093-00032802-00033035 of around three point one electron volt
xoi-A162Nwk-00094-00033036-00033412 and the semiconductor and as we will see
xoi-A162Nwk-00095-00033413-00033848 that the semiconductor bandgap for photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00096-00033849-00034154 catalysts is very important for water
xoi-A162Nwk-00097-00034155-00034411 splitting and what kind of band gaps are
xoi-A162Nwk-00098-00034412-00034687 important that we will study in the near
xoi-A162Nwk-00099-00034688-00034751 future
xoi-A162Nwk-00100-00034752-00035014 just photocatalysis that is not
xoi-A162Nwk-00101-00035015-00035195 splitting of water but catalysis of
xoi-A162Nwk-00102-00035196-00035365 certain reaction in the presence of
xoi-A162Nwk-00103-00035366-00035707 light by titanium dioxide however has
xoi-A162Nwk-00104-00035708-00036023 been reported much earlier than 1972 by
xoi-A162Nwk-00105-00036024-00036346 and it was reported in 1955 by Markham
xoi-A162Nwk-00106-00036347-00036682 so photo catalysis were studied much
xoi-A162Nwk-00107-00036683-00036990 earlier although photo electrochemical
xoi-A162Nwk-00108-00036991-00037292 synthesis of oxygen and hydrogen from
xoi-A162Nwk-00109-00037293-00037615 water which is water splitting reaction
xoi-A162Nwk-00110-00037616-00037973 was first shown by Fuji Shima and Honda
xoi-A162Nwk-00111-00037974-00038360 and is a remarkable breakthrough in
xoi-A162Nwk-00112-00038361-00038746 science so the electrode of food Ashima
xoi-A162Nwk-00113-00038747-00039117 and honda so this is the work that I was
xoi-A162Nwk-00114-00039118-00039401 referring to it is published in nature
xoi-A162Nwk-00115-00039402-00039715 in 1972 and you have this
xoi-A162Nwk-00116-00039716-00040007 electrochemical cell so what is there in
xoi-A162Nwk-00117-00040008-00040189 an electrochemical cell you normally
xoi-A162Nwk-00118-00040190-00040396 have two electrodes so here also you
xoi-A162Nwk-00119-00040397-00040729 have two electrodes you have this
xoi-A162Nwk-00120-00040730-00041048 cathode where where you have this
xoi-A162Nwk-00121-00041049-00041182 electrons which are going to the
xoi-A162Nwk-00122-00041183-00041542 external circuit and this cathode is a
xoi-A162Nwk-00123-00041543-00041836 material which is a titanium dioxide
xoi-A162Nwk-00124-00041837-00042107 with a band gap of around three three
xoi-A162Nwk-00125-00042108-00042296 point one electron volts
xoi-A162Nwk-00126-00042297-00042521 so this is the valence band of titanium
xoi-A162Nwk-00127-00042522-00042740 dioxide is the conduction band of
xoi-A162Nwk-00128-00042741-00043106 titanium dioxide and this is an n-type
xoi-A162Nwk-00129-00043107-00043349 semiconductor and this is the photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00130-00043350-00043604 electrode what you mean by a photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00131-00043605-00043921 electrode is when you want to do
xoi-A162Nwk-00132-00043922-00044138 electrochemical reaction in the presence
xoi-A162Nwk-00133-00044139-00044498 of light then you have electrodes on
xoi-A162Nwk-00134-00044499-00044744 which light has to shine so that
xoi-A162Nwk-00135-00044745-00045017 electrode that particular electrode wear
xoi-A162Nwk-00136-00045018-00045227 out of the two electrodes you have one
xoi-A162Nwk-00137-00045228-00045455 electrode where you shine light and that
xoi-A162Nwk-00138-00045456-00045638 is called the photo electrode so the
xoi-A162Nwk-00139-00045639-00045865 photo electrode here is titanium dioxide
xoi-A162Nwk-00140-00045866-00046175 it is an n-type semiconductor material
xoi-A162Nwk-00141-00046176-00046744 and as shown this is the band gap and
xoi-A162Nwk-00142-00046745-00047051 the other electrode is the Platinum
xoi-A162Nwk-00143-00047052-00047303 electrode so in this electrode when you
xoi-A162Nwk-00144-00047304-00047564 shine light which is the light should
xoi-A162Nwk-00145-00047565-00047774 have a wavelength less than 450
xoi-A162Nwk-00146-00047775-00047972 nanometers because then only it will
xoi-A162Nwk-00147-00047973-00048278 have energy more than 33.1 electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00148-00048279-00048581 volts and if L if this light has energy
xoi-A162Nwk-00149-00048582-00048854 more than the bandgap then only it can
xoi-A162Nwk-00150-00048855-00049181 produce electrons and holes that means
xoi-A162Nwk-00151-00049182-00049463 electron can be transferred from the
xoi-A162Nwk-00152-00049464-00049655 valence band to the conduction band
xoi-A162Nwk-00153-00049656-00050009 only when this light has energy which is
xoi-A162Nwk-00154-00050010-00050285 more than the bandgap which is around 3
xoi-A162Nwk-00155-00050286-00050627 3.1 electron volts and for that the
xoi-A162Nwk-00156-00050628-00050975 light has to have a wavelength which is
xoi-A162Nwk-00157-00050976-00051280 lambda less than for 450 nanometers so
xoi-A162Nwk-00158-00051282-00051505 that is in the ultraviolet radiation
xoi-A162Nwk-00159-00051507-00051721 it's in the UV region of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00160-00051722-00051998 electromagnetic spectrum and so when
xoi-A162Nwk-00161-00051999-00052388 this light falls on this electrode which
xoi-A162Nwk-00162-00052389-00052766 is having titanium dioxide electrons are
xoi-A162Nwk-00163-00052766-00052910 produced in the conduction band and
xoi-A162Nwk-00164-00052911-00053291 holes remain because whenever electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00165-00053291-00053704 goes away you generate a hole in that
xoi-A162Nwk-00166-00053705-00054221 band so an electron comes here and a
xoi-A162Nwk-00167-00054222-00054464 hole is generated here together this
xoi-A162Nwk-00168-00054465-00054704 electron and hole is called an exciton
xoi-A162Nwk-00169-00054704-00055307 and then this electron then is goes out
xoi-A162Nwk-00170-00055308-00055623 of into the external circuit
xoi-A162Nwk-00171-00055624-00055967 and you generate this hole which is
xoi-A162Nwk-00172-00055969-00056274 generated reacts with the water or the
xoi-A162Nwk-00173-00056275-00056444 aqueous solution which is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00174-00056445-00056757 electrolyte and the reaction of this
xoi-A162Nwk-00175-00056758-00057135 hole with this water will generate
xoi-A162Nwk-00176-00057136-00057482 oxygen so at this electrode which is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00177-00057483-00057909 cathode oxygen is generated oxygen gas
xoi-A162Nwk-00178-00057910-00058191 comes out and electrons are pushed in
xoi-A162Nwk-00179-00058191-00058521 the external circuit on the anode which
xoi-A162Nwk-00180-00058522-00058729 is the Platinum counter electrode
xoi-A162Nwk-00181-00058730-00059082 electrons come here and these electrons
xoi-A162Nwk-00182-00059083-00059451 act on water which is the occur solution
xoi-A162Nwk-00183-00059452-00059961 and then hydrogen is generated so you
xoi-A162Nwk-00184-00059962-00060449 are oxidizing here you are reducing here
xoi-A162Nwk-00185-00060450-00060816 the material and this hole is oxidizing
xoi-A162Nwk-00186-00060816-00061055 water to oxygen and here you are
xoi-A162Nwk-00187-00061057-00061503 reducing the protons from the aqueous
xoi-A162Nwk-00188-00061504-00061812 solution into hydrogen so the hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00189-00061813-00062088 is generated in the anode and the oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-00190-00062089-00062340 is generated in the cathode so basically
xoi-A162Nwk-00191-00062341-00062717 from one water molecule plus one water
xoi-A162Nwk-00192-00062719-00062928 molecule so to mortar molecules are
xoi-A162Nwk-00193-00062929-00063257 getting used in this reaction and one
xoi-A162Nwk-00194-00063258-00063537 mole of oxygen and one mole of hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00195-00063538-00063798 is being produced so the overall
xoi-A162Nwk-00196-00063799-00064097 reaction you have two moles of water
xoi-A162Nwk-00197-00064098-00064500 giving you one mole of hydrogen and one
xoi-A162Nwk-00198-00064501-00065111 mole of oxygen right so this way you can
xoi-A162Nwk-00199-00065112-00065337 you have to balance this equation of
xoi-A162Nwk-00200-00065338-00065718 course when you write to h2o giving you
xoi-A162Nwk-00201-00065719-00066228 h2 plus O 2 so you have to balance that
xoi-A162Nwk-00202-00066229-00066651 equation and you will have 2 moles of h2
xoi-A162Nwk-00203-00066652-00067226 in this process now if you so this is a
xoi-A162Nwk-00204-00067227-00067463 typical electrochemical cell which was
xoi-A162Nwk-00205-00067464-00067830 used by fuji fukushima and honda to show
xoi-A162Nwk-00206-00067831-00068151 that titanium dioxide is a semiconductor
xoi-A162Nwk-00207-00068152-00068507 which can act as a photo catalyst and
xoi-A162Nwk-00208-00068508-00068982 can split water and this semiconductor
xoi-A162Nwk-00209-00068983-00069267 is used as a photo electrode normally
xoi-A162Nwk-00210-00069268-00069546 the semiconductor is coated or another
xoi-A162Nwk-00211-00069547-00069984 metal which acts as a foil behind it to
xoi-A162Nwk-00212-00069985-00070139 give its mechanical strength and
xoi-A162Nwk-00213-00070140-00070620 conductivity but the actual reaction of
xoi-A162Nwk-00214-00070621-00070881 light is with the semiconductor to
xoi-A162Nwk-00215-00070882-00071126 generate the electrons and the holes so
xoi-A162Nwk-00216-00071127-00071604 that's the photo cathode now what is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00217-00071605-00071775 challenges in this decomposition of
xoi-A162Nwk-00218-00071776-00072363 water so as I said that the protons H+
xoi-A162Nwk-00219-00072364-00072744 ions react and at the anode with the
xoi-A162Nwk-00220-00072745-00072933 electrons which are coming from the
xoi-A162Nwk-00221-00072934-00073230 external circuit and produce hydrogen at
xoi-A162Nwk-00222-00073231-00073605 the anode and on the other electrode you
xoi-A162Nwk-00223-00073606-00073947 have got oxygen and this oxygen plus
xoi-A162Nwk-00224-00073948-00074247 will take four electrons plus protons to
xoi-A162Nwk-00225-00074248-00074493 give water so in the other electrode
xoi-A162Nwk-00226-00074494-00074793 actually it is this reaction the reverse
xoi-A162Nwk-00227-00074794-00075162 reaction h2 giving you oxygen the
xoi-A162Nwk-00228-00075163-00075387 reverse way and the difference of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00229-00075388-00075645 the potential required for this because
xoi-A162Nwk-00230-00075646-00076032 this is a standard hydrogen potential so
xoi-A162Nwk-00231-00076033-00076311 that is at kept at zero volts and this
xoi-A162Nwk-00232-00076312-00076518 is the potential you require for this
xoi-A162Nwk-00233-00076519-00076737 reaction since you want the reverse
xoi-A162Nwk-00234-00076738-00077004 reaction so this will be negative but
xoi-A162Nwk-00235-00077005-00077205 anyway the energy difference that you
xoi-A162Nwk-00236-00077206-00077487 require is around one point two three
xoi-A162Nwk-00237-00077488-00077817 volts so the minimum bandgap because so
xoi-A162Nwk-00238-00077818-00078078 much energy is required for these the
xoi-A162Nwk-00239-00078079-00078288 sum of these two reactions requires one
xoi-A162Nwk-00240-00078289-00078725 point two three volts hence the bandgap
xoi-A162Nwk-00241-00078726-00079116 should be of the semiconductor should be
xoi-A162Nwk-00242-00079117-00079314 at least one point two three electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00243-00079315-00079875 volts so as tio2 has a band gap of
xoi-A162Nwk-00244-00079876-00080124 around three electron volts or so so
xoi-A162Nwk-00245-00080125-00080355 that takes care of the one point two
xoi-A162Nwk-00246-00080356-00080571 three electron volts which is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00247-00080572-00080901 minimum for water splitting so this one
xoi-A162Nwk-00248-00080902-00081105 point two three electron volt which you
xoi-A162Nwk-00249-00081106-00081402 get by subtracting this from this you
xoi-A162Nwk-00250-00081403-00081900 subtract the cathode - anode and this is
xoi-A162Nwk-00251-00081901-00082170 you will get the difference is one point
xoi-A162Nwk-00252-00082171-00082347 two three electron volt and this
xoi-A162Nwk-00253-00082348-00082548 minimum energy you require and this
xoi-A162Nwk-00254-00082549-00083022 minimum energy means when you have photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00255-00083023-00083277 generated electrons and holes that is
xoi-A162Nwk-00256-00083278-00083585 when light shines on the photo cathode
xoi-A162Nwk-00257-00083586-00083832 electrons and holes will be generated
xoi-A162Nwk-00258-00083833-00084153 then the band gap between them should be
xoi-A162Nwk-00259-00084154-00084333 at least one point two three electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00260-00084334-00084606 volts the other point is so this is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00261-00084607-00085023 first key point that the band gap should
xoi-A162Nwk-00262-00085024-00085206 be minimum one point two three electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00263-00085207-00085422 volts for water splitting the second
xoi-A162Nwk-00264-00085423-00085692 point is that charge must transfer from
xoi-A162Nwk-00265-00085693-00086001 the surface of the semiconductor very
xoi-A162Nwk-00266-00086002-00086286 quickly so the charge means you have got
xoi-A162Nwk-00267-00086287-00086712 electrons and holes in the semiconductor
xoi-A162Nwk-00268-00086713-00087186 and this electron and hole are required
xoi-A162Nwk-00269-00087187-00087711 at separate parts of the material for a
xoi-A162Nwk-00270-00087712-00088011 reaction and they must not recombine
xoi-A162Nwk-00271-00088012-00088281 otherwise you do not use the electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00272-00088282-00088542 and the hole so charge transfer must be
xoi-A162Nwk-00273-00088543-00088806 fast to prevent what is called photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00274-00088807-00089180 corrosion and shift of the bandages
xoi-A162Nwk-00275-00089181-00089601 result in loss of photon energy so the
xoi-A162Nwk-00276-00089602-00090162 band edge shifting a can lead to loss in
xoi-A162Nwk-00277-00090163-00090558 photon energy right so these are some of
xoi-A162Nwk-00278-00090559-00090774 the points which are important for the
xoi-A162Nwk-00279-00090775-00091053 photo electrochemical splitting of water
xoi-A162Nwk-00280-00091054-00091281 is the same reaction shown in a
xoi-A162Nwk-00281-00091282-00091494 different way where this is a
xoi-A162Nwk-00282-00091495-00091737 semiconductor and you shine light is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00283-00091738-00091929 valence band is a conduction band and
xoi-A162Nwk-00284-00091930-00092172 this is the other electrode which is
xoi-A162Nwk-00285-00092173-00092385 normally the metal electrode is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00286-00092386-00092631 semiconductor like titanium dioxide or
xoi-A162Nwk-00287-00092632-00092856 any semiconductor which has got
xoi-A162Nwk-00288-00092857-00093072 appropriate band gap that means more
xoi-A162Nwk-00289-00093073-00093234 than one point to three electron volt
xoi-A162Nwk-00290-00093235-00093459 and also the band edges that is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00291-00093460-00093678 conduction band edge and the valence
xoi-A162Nwk-00292-00093679-00094082 bandage should be in such a manner that
xoi-A162Nwk-00293-00094083-00094454 electron can be transferred to the
xoi-A162Nwk-00294-00094455-00094926 conduction band of the h2 the water and
xoi-A162Nwk-00295-00094927-00095337 H+ couple so this for this reaction the
xoi-A162Nwk-00296-00095338-00095625 upper band or the conduction band is
xoi-A162Nwk-00297-00095626-00095668 here
xoi-A162Nwk-00298-00095669-00095947 and the valence band can be thought of
xoi-A162Nwk-00299-00095948-00096393 as here and so the difference is what we
xoi-A162Nwk-00300-00096394-00096628 discussed earlier 1.2 3 electron volt
xoi-A162Nwk-00301-00096629-00096805 now this conduction band of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00302-00096806-00097074 semiconductor is higher than the
xoi-A162Nwk-00303-00097075-00097500 conduction band of the water couple and
xoi-A162Nwk-00304-00097501-00097788 so electrons can be transferred here and
xoi-A162Nwk-00305-00097789-00098286 the holes have are the valence band
xoi-A162Nwk-00306-00098287-00098455 where the holes are present in the
xoi-A162Nwk-00307-00098456-00098856 semiconductor are lower than the band
xoi-A162Nwk-00308-00098857-00099309 edge of the valence band of the water
xoi-A162Nwk-00309-00099310-00099715 hydrogen couple and hence holes can be
xoi-A162Nwk-00310-00099716-00099906 transferred here so we say that
xoi-A162Nwk-00311-00099907-00100131 electrons can be transferred from the
xoi-A162Nwk-00312-00100132-00100378 conduction band of tio2 to the
xoi-A162Nwk-00313-00100379-00100755 conduction band of the hydrogen and
xoi-A162Nwk-00314-00100756-00101055 holes can be transferred in this way all
xoi-A162Nwk-00315-00101056-00101284 right and so the overall reaction
xoi-A162Nwk-00316-00101285-00101744 written here in aqueous medium is
xoi-A162Nwk-00317-00101745-00102004 basically two water molecules give you
xoi-A162Nwk-00318-00102005-00102294 two moles of hydrogen and oxygen so this
xoi-A162Nwk-00319-00102295-00102502 is the water splitting reaction in the
xoi-A162Nwk-00320-00102503-00102843 presence of light and as we said it is
xoi-A162Nwk-00321-00102844-00103131 not possible to use semiconductors whose
xoi-A162Nwk-00322-00103132-00103434 band gap is less than one point to three
xoi-A162Nwk-00323-00103435-00103731 volt for higher than one point to three
xoi-A162Nwk-00324-00103732-00104026 volt all semiconductors which have
xoi-A162Nwk-00325-00104027-00104235 higher than one point to three volts
xoi-A162Nwk-00326-00104236-00104488 there are additional points which one
xoi-A162Nwk-00327-00104489-00104778 must consider and that additional point
xoi-A162Nwk-00328-00104779-00105210 is that the valence band is lower than
xoi-A162Nwk-00329-00105211-00105445 the valence band of the couple and the
xoi-A162Nwk-00330-00105446-00105706 conduction band of the semiconductor is
xoi-A162Nwk-00331-00105707-00106096 much higher than or which means more
xoi-A162Nwk-00332-00106097-00106300 negative potential as you are going up
xoi-A162Nwk-00333-00106301-00106618 you are more negative potential and it
xoi-A162Nwk-00334-00106619-00106801 should be much more negative potential
xoi-A162Nwk-00335-00106802-00107202 than the conduction band of the couple
xoi-A162Nwk-00336-00107203-00107708 which is the unsubstituted system now
xoi-A162Nwk-00337-00107709-00108049 how to understand this process or how to
xoi-A162Nwk-00338-00108050-00108411 do an experiment to find out hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00339-00108413-00108727 and oxygen are being generated so you
xoi-A162Nwk-00340-00108728-00108926 can use a
xoi-A162Nwk-00341-00108927-00109321 the catalyst which is titania and you
xoi-A162Nwk-00342-00109322-00109640 irradiate with light so you shine light
xoi-A162Nwk-00343-00109641-00110078 of a particular frequency which is H nu
xoi-A162Nwk-00344-00110079-00110611 and H nu is can be in the region of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00345-00110613-00110963 ultraviolet or the visible and hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00346-00110964-00111269 and oxygen are detected through gas
xoi-A162Nwk-00347-00111270-00111467 chromatograph or through mass
xoi-A162Nwk-00348-00111468-00111869 spectrometry and this is the process
xoi-A162Nwk-00349-00111870-00112058 what is happening which we discussed
xoi-A162Nwk-00350-00112058-00112370 that electrons and holes are produced
xoi-A162Nwk-00351-00112371-00112853 when light falls on the on the
xoi-A162Nwk-00352-00112854-00113168 semiconductor particle and the electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00353-00113169-00113509 moves towards a direction where it can
xoi-A162Nwk-00354-00113510-00113846 reduce the protons to hydrogen and the
xoi-A162Nwk-00355-00113847-00114175 holes have to migrate to the surface
xoi-A162Nwk-00356-00114176-00115011 where it can oxidize h2o to oxygen so
xoi-A162Nwk-00357-00115013-00115316 the electrons produce the hydrogen and
xoi-A162Nwk-00358-00115317-00115547 the holes produce the oxygen and this is
xoi-A162Nwk-00359-00115548-00115772 the water splitting reaction and this
xoi-A162Nwk-00360-00115773-00116105 band diagram we already discussed where
xoi-A162Nwk-00361-00116106-00116252 the valence band is here and the
xoi-A162Nwk-00362-00116253-00116546 conduction band is here and the H+ h2
xoi-A162Nwk-00363-00116547-00116981 and o2 h2 a couple is shown here as 1.2
xoi-A162Nwk-00364-00116982-00117389 3 electron volt and so you need higher
xoi-A162Nwk-00365-00117390-00117665 energy than that and this is on a scale
xoi-A162Nwk-00366-00117666-00118201 taken with normal hydrogen electrode and
xoi-A162Nwk-00367-00118202-00118532 all the holes will be in the valence
xoi-A162Nwk-00368-00118533-00118871 band which then react with water to give
xoi-A162Nwk-00369-00118872-00119153 you oxygen and all the electrons can be
xoi-A162Nwk-00370-00119154-00119426 pushed to the conduction band and the
xoi-A162Nwk-00371-00119427-00119789 react with H+ to give hydrogen and the
xoi-A162Nwk-00372-00119790-00120416 rate at which electrons can react you
xoi-A162Nwk-00373-00120417-00120655 know this migration is around 10 minus 3
xoi-A162Nwk-00374-00120656-00120944 seconds so it's in milliseconds whereas
xoi-A162Nwk-00375-00120945-00120998 holes
xoi-A162Nwk-00376-00120999-00121336 it is much it takes much small time that
xoi-A162Nwk-00377-00121338-00121642 is 10 to the power minus 8 seconds so
xoi-A162Nwk-00378-00121643-00122086 there is a difference in the electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00379-00122088-00122307 and hole transport and
xoi-A162Nwk-00380-00122308-00122606 these points are important while
xoi-A162Nwk-00381-00122607-00123032 planning or designing new photocatalytic
xoi-A162Nwk-00382-00123033-00123440 systems now the conditions for
xoi-A162Nwk-00383-00123441-00123653 photoelectric rattle Asus photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00384-00123654-00124056 electrolysis are that the band edges of
xoi-A162Nwk-00385-00124057-00124340 the electrode must overlap with the
xoi-A162Nwk-00386-00124341-00124538 acceptor and donor states of water
xoi-A162Nwk-00387-00124539-00124859 decomposition reaction which we already
xoi-A162Nwk-00388-00124860-00125210 discussed and thus the electrode should
xoi-A162Nwk-00389-00125211-00125552 have at least a bandgap of one point to
xoi-A162Nwk-00390-00125553-00125871 three volt which is the reversible
xoi-A162Nwk-00391-00125872-00126093 thermodynamic decomposition potential of
xoi-A162Nwk-00392-00126094-00126436 water this also we discussed earlier and
xoi-A162Nwk-00393-00126438-00126945 all hence all semiconductors need not be
xoi-A162Nwk-00394-00126946-00127178 able to split water unless they have
xoi-A162Nwk-00395-00127179-00127422 this condition the other important
xoi-A162Nwk-00396-00127423-00127661 condition is the charge transfer from
xoi-A162Nwk-00397-00127663-00127956 the surface of the semiconductor must be
xoi-A162Nwk-00398-00127957-00128271 very fast to prevent recombination of
xoi-A162Nwk-00399-00128272-00128556 the electrons and holes and to prevent
xoi-A162Nwk-00400-00128557-00128975 photo corrosion so the photo corrosion
xoi-A162Nwk-00401-00128976-00129311 will lead to shift of the bandages and
xoi-A162Nwk-00402-00129313-00129756 result in loss of photon energy so these
xoi-A162Nwk-00403-00129757-00130008 are some of the conditions for having
xoi-A162Nwk-00404-00130008-00130347 efficient splitting of water through
xoi-A162Nwk-00405-00130348-00130739 photo electrochemical processes now what
xoi-A162Nwk-00406-00130740-00130983 one can do is to get better and better
xoi-A162Nwk-00407-00130983-00131457 photo catalyst is to modify for example
xoi-A162Nwk-00408-00131458-00131915 the surface or use sensitizers you can
xoi-A162Nwk-00409-00131916-00132072 do several things so what are these
xoi-A162Nwk-00410-00132073-00132386 modifications one can do to improve the
xoi-A162Nwk-00411-00132387-00132825 efficiency of the photo catalyst so one
xoi-A162Nwk-00412-00132826-00133200 of the methods is dye sensitization so
xoi-A162Nwk-00413-00133201-00133454 dye can be organic in normally organic
xoi-A162Nwk-00414-00133455-00133622 dyes so these are organic molecules
xoi-A162Nwk-00415-00133623-00133956 which can help in electron transfer so
xoi-A162Nwk-00416-00133957-00134235 that's used in certain cases where you
xoi-A162Nwk-00417-00134236-00134579 can sensitize a semiconductor using a
xoi-A162Nwk-00418-00134580-00134762 dye which is basically an organic
xoi-A162Nwk-00419-00134763-00135040 molecule then you can do surface model
xoi-A162Nwk-00420-00135041-00135251 modification of the semiconductor to
xoi-A162Nwk-00421-00135252-00135611 improve its stability
xoi-A162Nwk-00422-00135612-00135977 you can combine two semiconductors so
xoi-A162Nwk-00423-00135978-00136289 the four multi-layered systems then you
xoi-A162Nwk-00424-00136290-00136622 can dope white band gap semiconductors
xoi-A162Nwk-00425-00136623-00136907 like tio2 by nitrogen carbon and sulfur
xoi-A162Nwk-00426-00136908-00137270 so you will have states within the band
xoi-A162Nwk-00427-00137271-00137827 gaps and those states can then act as
xoi-A162Nwk-00428-00137828-00138224 which can be at lower level than the
xoi-A162Nwk-00429-00138225-00138452 conduction band of the semiconductor and
xoi-A162Nwk-00430-00138453-00138731 can be useful in transfer of electrons
xoi-A162Nwk-00431-00138732-00139394 so doping it can also help in the holes
xoi-A162Nwk-00432-00139395-00139622 presence of holes so depending on what
xoi-A162Nwk-00433-00139623-00140041 kind of dopant you use you can change
xoi-A162Nwk-00434-00140042-00140554 the nature of the electron hole
xoi-A162Nwk-00435-00140555-00140897 stability in wide bandgap semiconductors
xoi-A162Nwk-00436-00140898-00141404 by doping with atoms like nitrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00437-00141405-00141692 carbon and sulfur now several
xoi-A162Nwk-00438-00141693-00141920 semiconductors with metal 3d valence
xoi-A162Nwk-00439-00141921-00142327 band can be used instead of oxygen to P
xoi-A162Nwk-00440-00142328-00142754 contribution you can use sulfur for
xoi-A162Nwk-00441-00142755-00142979 example so you will have a sulfide band
xoi-A162Nwk-00442-00142980-00143255 which is overlapping with the metal band
xoi-A162Nwk-00443-00143256-00143584 so there can be other than metal oxides
xoi-A162Nwk-00444-00143585-00143954 as semiconductors and of course depends
xoi-A162Nwk-00445-00143955-00144173 whether you want
xoi-A162Nwk-00446-00144174-00144497 they should have bandgap more than one
xoi-A162Nwk-00447-00144498-00144583 point two three
xoi-A162Nwk-00448-00144584-00144830 normally the bandgap will decrease when
xoi-A162Nwk-00449-00144831-00145223 you change an oxide to a sulfide you can
xoi-A162Nwk-00450-00145224-00145736 also sensitize the photocatalyst by
xoi-A162Nwk-00451-00145737-00146069 doping so several modifications one can
xoi-A162Nwk-00452-00146070-00146551 do and some of these lead to enhancement
xoi-A162Nwk-00453-00146552-00146906 of very high enhancement in the photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00454-00146907-00147164 catalytic efficiency of splitting of
xoi-A162Nwk-00455-00147165-00147482 water so the mechanism of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00456-00147483-00147716 recombination reduction by metal doping
xoi-A162Nwk-00457-00147717-00147944 so you are trying to dope metals so what
xoi-A162Nwk-00458-00147945-00148175 happens the metallic promoter attracts
xoi-A162Nwk-00459-00148176-00148445 electrons from tio2 conduction band so
xoi-A162Nwk-00460-00148446-00149015 now in a typical experiment you generate
xoi-A162Nwk-00461-00149016-00149288 Tron's in the conduction band and holes
xoi-A162Nwk-00462-00149289-00149515 in the valence band when you shine light
xoi-A162Nwk-00463-00149516-00149765 so you have electron hole pair
xoi-A162Nwk-00464-00149766-00149924 generation which is called and these
xoi-A162Nwk-00465-00149925-00150176 electron hole pairs are called excitons
xoi-A162Nwk-00466-00150177-00150673 and the opposite process of electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00467-00150674-00151061 combining with holes is the electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00468-00151062-00151409 hole pair recombination and this process
xoi-A162Nwk-00469-00151410-00151922 is avoidable this is not good for the
xoi-A162Nwk-00470-00151923-00152167 photo catalyst so you want to avoid this
xoi-A162Nwk-00471-00152168-00152486 electron hole pair recombination now
xoi-A162Nwk-00472-00152487-00152819 when you have a metal as a promoter that
xoi-A162Nwk-00473-00152820-00153179 means if you add metal dope metals these
xoi-A162Nwk-00474-00153180-00153593 metal bands can attract electrons from
xoi-A162Nwk-00475-00153594-00153860 the titanium dioxide conduction band so
xoi-A162Nwk-00476-00153861-00154196 these electrons can be taken up by the
xoi-A162Nwk-00477-00154197-00154619 metal and the metal can maintain these
xoi-A162Nwk-00478-00154620-00154823 electrons so you are removing these
xoi-A162Nwk-00479-00154824-00155204 electrons from the site where from it
xoi-A162Nwk-00480-00155205-00155515 can recombine with the holes and that
xoi-A162Nwk-00481-00155516-00155906 this process of recombination can be
xoi-A162Nwk-00482-00155907-00156302 slowed down when you dope metals because
xoi-A162Nwk-00483-00156303-00156643 the metal are acting as electron traps
xoi-A162Nwk-00484-00156644-00157010 so selecting appropriate systems as
xoi-A162Nwk-00485-00157011-00157274 photo catalysts for water splitting
xoi-A162Nwk-00486-00157275-00157579 reaction how do you go about that
xoi-A162Nwk-00487-00157580-00157946 you can choose substituted systems like
xoi-A162Nwk-00488-00157947-00158294 as we just showed metal doped systems or
xoi-A162Nwk-00489-00158295-00158615 even bare semiconductors which favor
xoi-A162Nwk-00490-00158616-00158960 dissolution they may undergo
xoi-A162Nwk-00491-00158961-00159236 preferential photo corrosion and hence
xoi-A162Nwk-00492-00159237-00159608 cannot be exploited for photo catalytic
xoi-A162Nwk-00493-00159609-00160142 pathway now if so what we said is that
xoi-A162Nwk-00494-00160143-00160571 if you can add metals which can take up
xoi-A162Nwk-00495-00160572-00160784 electrons then the recombination process
xoi-A162Nwk-00496-00160785-00161183 can be slowed down and this is helping
xoi-A162Nwk-00497-00161184-00161437 the cause of photo electrochemical
xoi-A162Nwk-00498-00161438-00161807 splitting of water however if you have
xoi-A162Nwk-00499-00161808-00162188 systems which favor dissolution then
xoi-A162Nwk-00500-00162189-00162416 only preferential photo corrosion will
xoi-A162Nwk-00501-00162417-00162895 and cannot be exploited for the
xoi-A162Nwk-00502-00162896-00163136 photochemical splitting of water and
xoi-A162Nwk-00503-00163137-00163466 this is an example of zinc oxide where
xoi-A162Nwk-00504-00163467-00163894 it cannot be used as a for photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00505-00163895-00164179 electrochemical splitting of water due
xoi-A162Nwk-00506-00164180-00164539 to its preferential photo corrosion now
xoi-A162Nwk-00507-00164540-00164813 low ionic character we discussed about
xoi-A162Nwk-00508-00164814-00165143 ionic character of bonds in the previous
xoi-A162Nwk-00509-00165144-00165425 lecture we're suppose you have a metal
xoi-A162Nwk-00510-00165426-00165728 oxide then the metal oxygen bond can be
xoi-A162Nwk-00511-00165729-00166121 anak or covalent or partially ionic and
xoi-A162Nwk-00512-00166122-00166384 if it is partially ionic what is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00513-00166385-00166678 polarity of the bond can be calculated
xoi-A162Nwk-00514-00166679-00166946 from the difference of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00515-00166947-00167132 electronegativity of the metal and
xoi-A162Nwk-00516-00167133-00167462 oxygen so ionic character can be
xoi-A162Nwk-00517-00167463-00167735 calculated and higher the ionic
xoi-A162Nwk-00518-00167736-00167939 character the higher is the band gap and
xoi-A162Nwk-00519-00167940-00168206 if lower any character is there then the
xoi-A162Nwk-00520-00168207-00168476 bandgap will be very low and then you
xoi-A162Nwk-00521-00168477-00168659 will not be able to use that for
xoi-A162Nwk-00522-00168660-00168959 splitting of water because lower than
xoi-A162Nwk-00523-00168960-00169247 1.2 3 volts will now allow you to split
xoi-A162Nwk-00524-00169248-00169772 water so hence if you want to use more
xoi-A162Nwk-00525-00169773-00170069 than one point 2 3 volts then the lower
xoi-A162Nwk-00526-00170070-00170231 end of the visible region is not
xoi-A162Nwk-00527-00170232-00170465 possible so you will have to use the
xoi-A162Nwk-00528-00170466-00170740 higher end of the visible region towards
xoi-A162Nwk-00529-00170741-00171115 the ultraviolet to have materials which
xoi-A162Nwk-00530-00171116-00171410 have higher bandgap than 1 point 2 3
xoi-A162Nwk-00531-00171411-00171788 volts so low anak character which will
xoi-A162Nwk-00532-00171789-00172076 give you low band gaps then 1 point 2 3
xoi-A162Nwk-00533-00172077-00172388 volts will not be suitable for direct
xoi-A162Nwk-00534-00172389-00172844 water splitting reaction now if you want
xoi-A162Nwk-00535-00172845-00173123 to use visible light then only one of
xoi-A162Nwk-00536-00173124-00173321 the photo redox reactions in water
xoi-A162Nwk-00537-00173322-00173578 splitting may be preferentially promoted
xoi-A162Nwk-00538-00173579-00173854 that means either the reaction at the
xoi-A162Nwk-00539-00173855-00174146 cathode or the reaction at the anode may
xoi-A162Nwk-00540-00174147-00174515 be promoted dependent depending on where
xoi-A162Nwk-00541-00174516-00174782 is your conduction bandage and where is
xoi-A162Nwk-00542-00174783-00175115 your valence bandage but what you need
xoi-A162Nwk-00543-00175116-00175358 for typical photochemical splitting of
xoi-A162Nwk-00544-00175359-00175571 water is both the reaction should be
xoi-A162Nwk-00545-00175572-00175846 promoted the reaction at the
xoi-A162Nwk-00546-00175847-00176182 cathode which is generation of oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-00547-00176183-00176413 and the reaction at the anode which is
xoi-A162Nwk-00548-00176414-00176736 generation of hydrogen both have to be
xoi-A162Nwk-00549-00176737-00177091 equivalently efficient then only you
xoi-A162Nwk-00550-00177092-00177325 will have a good photochemical splitting
xoi-A162Nwk-00551-00177326-00177622 of water so many catalysts may not do
xoi-A162Nwk-00552-00177623-00177901 both of them and then it can be only
xoi-A162Nwk-00553-00177902-00178221 used to do one part of the reaction and
xoi-A162Nwk-00554-00178222-00178689 that is what is mentioned here that
xoi-A162Nwk-00555-00178690-00179026 sometimes using visible light when you
xoi-A162Nwk-00556-00179027-00179272 don't have energy more than one point
xoi-A162Nwk-00557-00179273-00179494 two three volts you can still do some
xoi-A162Nwk-00558-00179495-00179733 photo reaction photo catalytic reaction
xoi-A162Nwk-00559-00179734-00180160 but here you may not have equivalent
xoi-A162Nwk-00560-00180161-00180469 amount of oxygen and hydrogen because
xoi-A162Nwk-00561-00180470-00180757 one of the processes is preferred more
xoi-A162Nwk-00562-00180758-00181156 so you may have more of oxygen and much
xoi-A162Nwk-00563-00181157-00181405 less of hydrogen being produced or much
xoi-A162Nwk-00564-00181406-00181672 more hydrogen and much less oxygen so it
xoi-A162Nwk-00565-00181673-00182005 is not a typical photochemical splitting
xoi-A162Nwk-00566-00182006-00182398 of water now systems which have ionic
xoi-A162Nwk-00567-00182399-00182620 bond character of around 20 to 30
xoi-A162Nwk-00568-00182621-00183015 percent with appropriate or the right
xoi-A162Nwk-00569-00183016-00183427 kind of position of the valence bandage
xoi-A162Nwk-00570-00183428-00183739 and the conduction bandage it should be
xoi-A162Nwk-00571-00183740-00184044 appropriately placed with respect to the
xoi-A162Nwk-00572-00184045-00184585 levels which are off for the water and
xoi-A162Nwk-00573-00184586-00185089 oxygen couple and so if you have around
xoi-A162Nwk-00574-00185090-00185301 twenty to thirty percent bond character
xoi-A162Nwk-00575-00185302-00185686 then it is possible to have water
xoi-A162Nwk-00576-00185687-00186049 splitting reaction when appropriately
xoi-A162Nwk-00577-00186050-00186196 the conduction and the valence band
xoi-A162Nwk-00578-00186197-00186643 edges are placed with your water oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-00579-00186644-00187189 and water hydrogen couples now how do
xoi-A162Nwk-00580-00187190-00187363 you engineer the semiconductor
xoi-A162Nwk-00581-00187364-00187528 electronic structure so you are using
xoi-A162Nwk-00582-00187529-00187849 semiconductors as the photocatalyst now
xoi-A162Nwk-00583-00187850-00188251 how do you engineer them you have to
xoi-A162Nwk-00584-00188252-00188547 take into account certain points like
xoi-A162Nwk-00585-00188548-00188797 one of the points is of stability
xoi-A162Nwk-00586-00188798-00188986 because you want a photo catalyst to be
xoi-A162Nwk-00587-00188987-00189170 used and reused
xoi-A162Nwk-00588-00189171-00189458 several cycles several times so it
xoi-A162Nwk-00589-00189459-00189727 should work without deterioration of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00590-00189728-00189938 stability so that is one of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00591-00189939-00190189 important points then how to increase
xoi-A162Nwk-00592-00190190-00190453 charge transfer processes at the
xoi-A162Nwk-00593-00190454-00190729 interface that's at the interface where
xoi-A162Nwk-00594-00190730-00191088 the semi conductor is meeting your
xoi-A162Nwk-00595-00191089-00191476 Junction which is water how to improve
xoi-A162Nwk-00596-00191477-00191846 the efficiency of this photo generation
xoi-A162Nwk-00597-00191847-00192122 or charge transfer across the photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00598-00192123-00192470 catalyst and developing nano size
xoi-A162Nwk-00599-00192471-00192794 systems so how to develop nanostructured
xoi-A162Nwk-00600-00192795-00193019 materials which may help in the
xoi-A162Nwk-00601-00193020-00193228 efficiency of the photochemical
xoi-A162Nwk-00602-00193229-00193590 splitting of water so if you look at
xoi-A162Nwk-00603-00193591-00194000 this pie chart it shows different kinds
xoi-A162Nwk-00604-00194001-00194795 of materials and on which work is being
xoi-A162Nwk-00605-00194796-00195056 carried out and investigations have been
xoi-A162Nwk-00606-00195057-00195323 carried out and people are studying them
xoi-A162Nwk-00607-00195324-00195548 for photocatalytic hydrogen production
xoi-A162Nwk-00608-00195549-00195814 so the amount of work that people are
xoi-A162Nwk-00609-00195815-00196126 doing based on titanium dioxide is
xoi-A162Nwk-00610-00196127-00196504 immense so the whole world is working on
xoi-A162Nwk-00611-00196505-00196816 titanium dioxide large amount actually
xoi-A162Nwk-00612-00196817-00197176 nearly 36% of the work on photocatalysis
xoi-A162Nwk-00613-00197177-00197621 is based only on one material one only
xoi-A162Nwk-00614-00197622-00197839 on one semiconductor and that is
xoi-A162Nwk-00615-00197840-00198257 titanium dioxide and that's the brown
xoi-A162Nwk-00616-00198258-00198577 coloured part and that is 36.2%
xoi-A162Nwk-00617-00198578-00198833 whereas other materials have also been
xoi-A162Nwk-00618-00198834-00199076 used as a photo catalyst other
xoi-A162Nwk-00619-00199077-00199370 semiconductors like oxy sulfides which
xoi-A162Nwk-00620-00199371-00199670 is around 19 percent oxynitride much
xoi-A162Nwk-00621-00199671-00200126 less 5% then non titanium based oxide so
xoi-A162Nwk-00622-00200127-00200351 there can be other oxides which have
xoi-A162Nwk-00623-00200352-00200651 been used for as a photo catalyst a
xoi-A162Nwk-00624-00200652-00200945 tantalum pentoxide niobium pentoxide or
xoi-A162Nwk-00625-00200946-00201200 many other materials and they have a
xoi-A162Nwk-00626-00201201-00201649 share of around 11% so people have used
xoi-A162Nwk-00627-00201650-00202046 non semiconductors also like insulators
xoi-A162Nwk-00628-00202047-00202414 or metals but the amount of literature
xoi-A162Nwk-00629-00202415-00202528 on that is
xoi-A162Nwk-00630-00202529-00202852 much less so from this pie chart one
xoi-A162Nwk-00631-00202853-00203081 thing is clear that one compound which
xoi-A162Nwk-00632-00203082-00203586 is titanium dioxide is having more
xoi-A162Nwk-00633-00203587-00203851 importance nearly more than one-third of
xoi-A162Nwk-00634-00203852-00204361 the work done among all hundreds and
xoi-A162Nwk-00635-00204362-00204545 thousands of compounds which have been
xoi-A162Nwk-00636-00204546-00205021 tried to be seen as a photocatalyst for
xoi-A162Nwk-00637-00205021-00205321 splitting of water so titanium dioxide
xoi-A162Nwk-00638-00205323-00205714 holds great promise in the market and
xoi-A162Nwk-00639-00205715-00205946 it's for two reasons because it has a
xoi-A162Nwk-00640-00205946-00206096 good efficient reasonably good
xoi-A162Nwk-00641-00206096-00206434 efficiency is easily available and is
xoi-A162Nwk-00642-00206435-00206815 also economical and non-toxic so for all
xoi-A162Nwk-00643-00206816-00207058 those reasons that any of dioxide is a
xoi-A162Nwk-00644-00207059-00207267 very important material for
xoi-A162Nwk-00645-00207269-00207607 photochemical splitting of water now the
xoi-A162Nwk-00646-00207608-00207823 advantages of semiconductor
xoi-A162Nwk-00647-00207825-00207990 nanoparticles that means if you use
xoi-A162Nwk-00648-00207991-00208237 nanoparticles instead of bulk particles
xoi-A162Nwk-00649-00208238-00208480 so what is the difference you are going
xoi-A162Nwk-00650-00208481-00208705 to use a semiconductor but now you want
xoi-A162Nwk-00651-00208706-00208981 to use a semi conductor whose particle
xoi-A162Nwk-00652-00208982-00209260 size or grain size is much smaller than
xoi-A162Nwk-00653-00209261-00209573 bulk semiconductors so the particle size
xoi-A162Nwk-00654-00209573-00209908 can be 30 40 50 nanometers and so what
xoi-A162Nwk-00655-00209909-00210164 is the advantage that you gain in the
xoi-A162Nwk-00656-00210165-00210500 photo catalytic splitting of water using
xoi-A162Nwk-00657-00210501-00210796 these semiconductor nanoparticles one
xoi-A162Nwk-00658-00210798-00211009 you will have very high surface area and
xoi-A162Nwk-00659-00211010-00211328 for any catalytic reaction surface area
xoi-A162Nwk-00660-00211329-00211633 is very important because the more the
xoi-A162Nwk-00661-00211634-00211804 larger the surface area you have more
xoi-A162Nwk-00662-00211805-00212098 catalytic sites and so the reaction is
xoi-A162Nwk-00663-00212100-00212237 much faster
xoi-A162Nwk-00664-00212238-00212533 second is the morphology in nano
xoi-A162Nwk-00665-00212534-00212710 structures you can tune the morphology
xoi-A162Nwk-00666-00212711-00212942 you can make spheres you can make wires
xoi-A162Nwk-00667-00212942-00213152 you can make plates and so the
xoi-A162Nwk-00668-00213153-00213476 morphology will affect the efficiency of
xoi-A162Nwk-00669-00213477-00213907 the photo catalysis of water so if it
xoi-A162Nwk-00670-00213908-00214108 has high surface area obviously you will
xoi-A162Nwk-00671-00214109-00214432 have lot of surface States and this will
xoi-A162Nwk-00672-00214433-00214814 give rise to efficiency of this photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00673-00214815-00215167 catalyst then you can have wideband guy
xoi-A162Nwk-00674-00215167-00215467 semiconductors because as you know when
xoi-A162Nwk-00675-00215469-00215728 you change the size of a particle from
xoi-A162Nwk-00676-00215729-00215908 bulk particle if
xoi-A162Nwk-00677-00215909-00216154 make it into a nanoparticle then the
xoi-A162Nwk-00678-00216155-00216298 band gap increases
xoi-A162Nwk-00679-00216299-00216587 and the band gap is increasing means you
xoi-A162Nwk-00680-00216588-00216866 may you are making something a white
xoi-A162Nwk-00681-00216867-00217096 band so from a narrow band you are
xoi-A162Nwk-00682-00217097-00217372 changing it to a white band when you are
xoi-A162Nwk-00683-00217373-00217640 making the size of the particle small
xoi-A162Nwk-00684-00217641-00217967 the same semi conductor can have
xoi-A162Nwk-00685-00217967-00218332 different band gaps depending on the
xoi-A162Nwk-00686-00218333-00218824 size of the particles so if you have a 1
xoi-A162Nwk-00687-00218825-00219172 micron sized particle or if you have 40
xoi-A162Nwk-00688-00219173-00219469 50 nanometer sized particle of tio2 they
xoi-A162Nwk-00689-00219471-00219694 will have different band gaps and the
xoi-A162Nwk-00690-00219696-00219904 band gap is larger for the smaller
xoi-A162Nwk-00691-00219905-00220207 particle so you can make wide band gap
xoi-A162Nwk-00692-00220208-00220498 of a small or narrow band gap material
xoi-A162Nwk-00693-00220499-00220726 then the position of the valence band
xoi-A162Nwk-00694-00220727-00221090 and the conduction band edges will also
xoi-A162Nwk-00695-00221091-00221392 change as you change the size of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00696-00221394-00221615 particles so because of all of these
xoi-A162Nwk-00697-00221616-00221962 properties it is advantageous to use
xoi-A162Nwk-00698-00221963-00222212 semiconductor nanoparticles for
xoi-A162Nwk-00699-00222213-00222585 photochemical water-splitting reactions
xoi-A162Nwk-00700-00222586-00222955 so nano crystalline materials typically
xoi-A162Nwk-00701-00222956-00223201 titanium dioxide we discussed a lot the
xoi-A162Nwk-00702-00223202-00223405 other materials which are very popular
xoi-A162Nwk-00703-00223406-00223981 are zinc oxide tin oxide should be Sno 2
xoi-A162Nwk-00704-00223982-00224438 and niobium paint oxide or chalcogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00705-00224439-00224864 IDEs like cadmium selenide etcetera with
xoi-A162Nwk-00706-00224865-00225277 high internal surface inner area can be
xoi-A162Nwk-00707-00225278-00225694 used with a dye so if you are if you
xoi-A162Nwk-00708-00225696-00226045 adsorb a dye is an organic compound as a
xoi-A162Nwk-00709-00226046-00226490 mono layer then the entire lot can be
xoi-A162Nwk-00710-00226491-00226648 retained on a given area of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00711-00226649-00226919 electrode so as to absorb the entire
xoi-A162Nwk-00712-00226919-00227194 incident light so if you have nano
xoi-A162Nwk-00713-00227196-00227422 crystalline materials then the dye will
xoi-A162Nwk-00714-00227423-00227806 can be adsorbed in such a way that you
xoi-A162Nwk-00715-00227807-00228084 can absorb the entire incident light
xoi-A162Nwk-00716-00228085-00228403 also since the particle size is small
xoi-A162Nwk-00717-00228404-00228682 there is no significant local electric
xoi-A162Nwk-00718-00228683-00229027 field due to the particle and hence the
xoi-A162Nwk-00719-00229028-00229233 photo response that means
xoi-A162Nwk-00720-00229234-00229530 response of the material when you apply
xoi-A162Nwk-00721-00229531-00229973 the light so when photons fall on that
xoi-A162Nwk-00722-00229975-00230382 material it will mainly be the response
xoi-A162Nwk-00723-00230383-00230594 will be mainly due to charge transfer
xoi-A162Nwk-00724-00230596-00230883 with the redox couple and there will be
xoi-A162Nwk-00725-00230884-00231357 no effect of the particles own or local
xoi-A162Nwk-00726-00231358-00231596 electric field because the size of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00727-00231598-00231810 particle is very small so the photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00728-00231811-00232071 response will then mainly be contributed
xoi-A162Nwk-00729-00232071-00232296 by the charge transfer with the redox
xoi-A162Nwk-00730-00232296-00232650 couple two essential factors which
xoi-A162Nwk-00731-00232651-00232815 contribute to the voltage developed
xoi-A162Nwk-00732-00232816-00233010 because when you shine light on a
xoi-A162Nwk-00733-00233011-00233160 semiconductor you will have a voltage
xoi-A162Nwk-00734-00233161-00233436 which is developed and there are two
xoi-A162Nwk-00735-00233437-00233673 important factors one is that the
xoi-A162Nwk-00736-00233673-00233937 contact between the nano crystalline
xoi-A162Nwk-00737-00233938-00234248 oxide and the back contact that is you
xoi-A162Nwk-00738-00234250-00234635 have to attach a wire to connect the
xoi-A162Nwk-00739-00234636-00234930 voltage that is from through which the
xoi-A162Nwk-00740-00234931-00235233 current will flow so this contact is
xoi-A162Nwk-00741-00235234-00235619 called the back contact which is having
xoi-A162Nwk-00742-00235621-00235881 an interface with your semiconductor so
xoi-A162Nwk-00743-00235882-00236238 this back and contact of the material as
xoi-A162Nwk-00744-00236239-00236592 well as the Fermi level shift of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00745-00236592-00236814 semiconductor as a result of electron
xoi-A162Nwk-00746-00236815-00237090 injection so when you have electrons
xoi-A162Nwk-00747-00237091-00237336 from the semiconductor which will go
xoi-A162Nwk-00748-00237337-00237717 into the contact to participate in the
xoi-A162Nwk-00749-00237717-00238166 electro external circuit then there
xoi-A162Nwk-00750-00238167-00238623 there is a Fermi level shift and these
xoi-A162Nwk-00751-00238623-00238908 two factors are important how this shift
xoi-A162Nwk-00752-00238909-00239121 in the Fermi level of the semiconductor
xoi-A162Nwk-00753-00239121-00239484 affects the overall photochemical
xoi-A162Nwk-00754-00239485-00239715 efficiency that's one important thing
xoi-A162Nwk-00755-00239716-00240021 and the other thing is the interface
xoi-A162Nwk-00756-00240021-00240234 between the back contact and the nano
xoi-A162Nwk-00757-00240235-00240564 crystalline material which is may be an
xoi-A162Nwk-00758-00240565-00240909 oxide or a sulfide that also is very
xoi-A162Nwk-00759-00240910-00241413 important the as we said that the nano
xoi-A162Nwk-00760-00241414-00241644 crystalline state will increase your
xoi-A162Nwk-00761-00241644-00241857 bandgap so increases the bandgap
xoi-A162Nwk-00762-00241858-00242238 compared to the bulk material and this
xoi-A162Nwk-00763-00242239-00242487 increase in bandgap will facilitate both
xoi-A162Nwk-00764-00242488-00242578 oxidation
xoi-A162Nwk-00765-00242579-00242857 reduction reactions which may not be
xoi-A162Nwk-00766-00242858-00243160 possible on bulk semiconductors so if
xoi-A162Nwk-00767-00243161-00243294 you have semiconductors which have
xoi-A162Nwk-00768-00243296-00243532 micron sized particles those are called
xoi-A162Nwk-00769-00243533-00243853 bulk semiconductors and so when you have
xoi-A162Nwk-00770-00243854-00244066 that bulk semiconductor will have some
xoi-A162Nwk-00771-00244067-00244273 bandgap and when you are making the
xoi-A162Nwk-00772-00244273-00244507 nanoparticles of that bulk semiconductor
xoi-A162Nwk-00773-00244508-00244767 then it will have a much larger band gap
xoi-A162Nwk-00774-00244769-00245191 and which may promote the oxidation
xoi-A162Nwk-00775-00245192-00245536 reduction reactions it may be because
xoi-A162Nwk-00776-00245537-00245796 the bulk bandgap was much small and now
xoi-A162Nwk-00777-00245798-00246156 it the bandgap which has increased is
xoi-A162Nwk-00778-00246157-00246526 appropriate for doing such oxidation
xoi-A162Nwk-00779-00246527-00246946 reduction reactions now if you look into
xoi-A162Nwk-00780-00246946-00247210 a particular example of say a single
xoi-A162Nwk-00781-00247211-00247498 crystal of anatase anatase is one of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00782-00247498-00247804 forms of titanium dioxide and this is
xoi-A162Nwk-00783-00247805-00248198 the form which is used a lot for photo
xoi-A162Nwk-00784-00248200-00248650 catalysis and if you look at the
xoi-A162Nwk-00785-00248651-00248971 response of the a single crystal so take
xoi-A162Nwk-00786-00248971-00249217 one single crystal not a polycrystalline
xoi-A162Nwk-00787-00249217-00249535 material and then compare it with a film
xoi-A162Nwk-00788-00249536-00249787 of titanium dioxide so one is a single
xoi-A162Nwk-00789-00249788-00250219 crystal the other is a porous tio2 film
xoi-A162Nwk-00790-00250219-00250606 and it is sensitized by a dye now this
xoi-A162Nwk-00791-00250607-00250915 dye is a organometallic compound it has
xoi-A162Nwk-00792-00250916-00251223 a metal which is ruthenium and with some
xoi-A162Nwk-00793-00251225-00251623 ligands and there are two ligands which
xoi-A162Nwk-00794-00251623-00251764 is a bipyridyl
xoi-A162Nwk-00795-00251765-00252058 dye carboxylate ligand and there are two
xoi-A162Nwk-00796-00252059-00252577 thiocyanate ligands so this thiocyanate
xoi-A162Nwk-00797-00252578-00252865 is a monodentate ligand and is bipyridyl
xoi-A162Nwk-00798-00252866-00253204 is a bidentate ligand so ruthenium is L
xoi-A162Nwk-00799-00253205-00253446 2 SC and 2 is like an octahedral
xoi-A162Nwk-00800-00253448-00253909 molecule and it behaves like a dye and
xoi-A162Nwk-00801-00253910-00254244 this is a common dye which is used now
xoi-A162Nwk-00802-00254246-00254437 when you use this dye with the crystal
xoi-A162Nwk-00803-00254438-00254767 single crystal or you use this dye with
xoi-A162Nwk-00804-00254767-00255190 the miso porous film and calculate or
xoi-A162Nwk-00805-00255191-00255526 measure the current conversion
xoi-A162Nwk-00806-00255527-00255775 efficiency so
xoi-A162Nwk-00807-00255776-00256017 there is a term which is called ipce
xoi-A162Nwk-00808-00256019-00256408 which is the incident photon to current
xoi-A162Nwk-00809-00256409-00256873 conversion efficiency IPC and this value
xoi-A162Nwk-00810-00256873-00257260 should be high now this value is 0.13%
xoi-A162Nwk-00811-00257261-00257611 at a particular wavelength which is 530
xoi-A162Nwk-00812-00257612-00257881 nanometers which is the wavelength which
xoi-A162Nwk-00813-00257882-00258187 this dye absorbs so this dye is actually
xoi-A162Nwk-00814-00258188-00258541 like a sensitizer so the single crystal
xoi-A162Nwk-00815-00258542-00258948 anatase and the mesoporous tio2 film is
xoi-A162Nwk-00816-00258948-00259204 doped with this dye this ruthenium
xoi-A162Nwk-00817-00259205-00259513 complex this dye absorbs this radiation
xoi-A162Nwk-00818-00259514-00260104 at 530 nanometers and helps in the
xoi-A162Nwk-00819-00260105-00260569 oxidation reduction reactions of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00820-00260569-00260928 semiconductor using the semiconductor so
xoi-A162Nwk-00821-00260929-00261502 without the when when you don't have a
xoi-A162Nwk-00822-00261503-00261694 single crystal when you have the
xoi-A162Nwk-00823-00261694-00262015 mesoporous film which has very large
xoi-A162Nwk-00824-00262016-00262402 surface area then the ipce that is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00825-00262403-00262806 efficiency photon light to current
xoi-A162Nwk-00826-00262807-00263086 transfer efficiency increases
xoi-A162Nwk-00827-00263087-00263578 drastically 0.13% was the efficiency of
xoi-A162Nwk-00828-00263579-00263956 the single crystal and it became 88
xoi-A162Nwk-00829-00263957-00264172 percent when you take the mesoporous
xoi-A162Nwk-00830-00264173-00264570 film so that is an increase of nearly
xoi-A162Nwk-00831-00264571-00264973 600 to 700 times and what has been
xoi-A162Nwk-00832-00264974-00265216 changed the only thing you have changed
xoi-A162Nwk-00833-00265217-00265543 is instead of using a single crystal you
xoi-A162Nwk-00834-00265544-00265780 are now using a mesoporous titania film
xoi-A162Nwk-00835-00265781-00266125 the dye is the same the incident light
xoi-A162Nwk-00836-00266126-00266488 is the same it is 530 nanometers but the
xoi-A162Nwk-00837-00266489-00266913 efficiency has increased to 88% from
xoi-A162Nwk-00838-00266914-00267096 0.13%
xoi-A162Nwk-00839-00267097-00267451 so this dramatic increase in the
xoi-A162Nwk-00840-00267452-00267908 efficiency can be connected to the
xoi-A162Nwk-00841-00267909-00268242 surface area of the mesoporous
xoi-A162Nwk-00842-00268243-00268914 titania film now based on these energy
xoi-A162Nwk-00843-00268915-00269228 levels which is the position of the band
xoi-A162Nwk-00844-00269229-00269627 of different kind of semiconductors you
xoi-A162Nwk-00845-00269628-00269879 can find out which semiconductor will be
xoi-A162Nwk-00846-00269880-00270270 useful for hydrogen generation and which
xoi-A162Nwk-00847-00270271-00270506 semiconductor will be useful for oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-00848-00270507-00271148 generation now this is the scale is
xoi-A162Nwk-00849-00271149-00271334 given with respect to normal hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00850-00271335-00271644 electrode and with normal hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00851-00271645-00272060 electrode you see that if you have a
xoi-A162Nwk-00852-00272061-00272541 band edge which is higher than the band
xoi-A162Nwk-00853-00272542-00272849 edge of the other material then it says
xoi-A162Nwk-00854-00272850-00273171 that this will be better for hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00855-00273172-00273548 generation but will be poorer for oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-00856-00273549-00273816 generation because the valence band is
xoi-A162Nwk-00857-00273817-00274280 higher than this so if the valence band
xoi-A162Nwk-00858-00274281-00274724 is lower that would help in oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-00859-00274725-00274973 generation if the conduction band is
xoi-A162Nwk-00860-00274974-00275159 higher it would help in hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00861-00275160-00275402 generation so this is given in the scale
xoi-A162Nwk-00862-00275403-00276015 such that the water oxygen energy level
xoi-A162Nwk-00863-00276016-00276339 is shown here and all these
xoi-A162Nwk-00864-00276340-00276816 semiconductors these are oxides you can
xoi-A162Nwk-00865-00276817-00277073 find out from this plot which one you
xoi-A162Nwk-00866-00277074-00277419 will use to choose a material for
xoi-A162Nwk-00867-00277420-00277634 semiconductor catalyst for hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-00868-00277635-00278087 generation or for oxygen generation and
xoi-A162Nwk-00869-00278088-00278453 so as I said the lower the conduction
xoi-A162Nwk-00870-00278454-00278742 band better it is for oxygen generation
xoi-A162Nwk-00871-00278743-00279117 catalyst higher the lower the valence
xoi-A162Nwk-00872-00279118-00279347 band better is the oxygen generation
xoi-A162Nwk-00873-00279348-00279647 higher the conduction band better is the
xoi-A162Nwk-00874-00279648-00279947 hydrogen generation and these are with
xoi-A162Nwk-00875-00279948-00280137 respect to all the standard couples
xoi-A162Nwk-00876-00280138-00280382 which are values known in the literature
xoi-A162Nwk-00877-00280383-00280662 and this is the scale with respect to
xoi-A162Nwk-00878-00280663-00280985 the normal hydrogen electrode so this is
xoi-A162Nwk-00879-00280986-00281201 a very useful guide when you want to
xoi-A162Nwk-00880-00281202-00281280 choose or
xoi-A162Nwk-00881-00281281-00281793 catalyst now the subject of water
xoi-A162Nwk-00882-00281794-00281982 splitting or photoelectrochemical
xoi-A162Nwk-00883-00281983-00282246 splitting of water which is one of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00884-00282247-00282621 greatest challenges man has because if
xoi-A162Nwk-00885-00282622-00282987 we are able to split water we have
xoi-A162Nwk-00886-00282988-00283341 immense source of water on earth even on
xoi-A162Nwk-00887-00283342-00283587 other planets then it will be very easy
xoi-A162Nwk-00888-00283588-00283872 for us to generate hydrogen and oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-00889-00283873-00284127 and if it is very easy to generate
xoi-A162Nwk-00890-00284128-00284376 hydrogen and oxygen we will have vast
xoi-A162Nwk-00891-00284377-00284736 source of hydrogen vast source of
xoi-A162Nwk-00892-00284737-00284996 hydrogen means vast source of energy
xoi-A162Nwk-00893-00284997-00285264 because hydrogen can be used as a fuel
xoi-A162Nwk-00894-00285265-00285690 so tremendous amount of research and
xoi-A162Nwk-00895-00285691-00285990 development is being tried in water
xoi-A162Nwk-00896-00285991-00286224 splitting reactions but we have had
xoi-A162Nwk-00897-00286225-00286644 limited success so far globally in
xoi-A162Nwk-00898-00286645-00286935 trying to get efficient water splitting
xoi-A162Nwk-00899-00286936-00287337 reactions and why is that so one of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00900-00287338-00287580 reason is that the electronic structure
xoi-A162Nwk-00901-00287581-00287874 of the semiconductor controls the
xoi-A162Nwk-00902-00287875-00288198 reaction and to modify the electronic
xoi-A162Nwk-00903-00288199-00288627 structure without spoiling the
xoi-A162Nwk-00904-00288628-00288933 semiconductor without deterioration of
xoi-A162Nwk-00905-00288934-00289209 the semiconductor is difficult so to
xoi-A162Nwk-00906-00289210-00289434 improve the efficiency you want to
xoi-A162Nwk-00907-00289435-00289596 modify the electronic structure of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00908-00289597-00289887 semiconductor but while doing that you
xoi-A162Nwk-00909-00289888-00290130 destroy its stability or some other
xoi-A162Nwk-00910-00290131-00290343 parameters that is one of the reasons
xoi-A162Nwk-00911-00290344-00290595 then there are thermodynamic barriers to
xoi-A162Nwk-00912-00290596-00290901 the reaction like you have to have 1.2 3
xoi-A162Nwk-00913-00290902-00291246 volts to have water splitting and that
xoi-A162Nwk-00914-00291247-00291434 gives little scope of improvement
xoi-A162Nwk-00915-00291435-00291768 because most of the materials where you
xoi-A162Nwk-00916-00291769-00291984 care which can give you which have
xoi-A162Nwk-00917-00291985-00292281 bandgap of 1.2 3 volts I have more or
xoi-A162Nwk-00918-00292282-00292485 less been tried so totally new
xoi-A162Nwk-00919-00292486-00292746 formulation have to be devised all the
xoi-A162Nwk-00920-00292747-00292944 known binaries etcetera people have
xoi-A162Nwk-00921-00292945-00293231 tried so you have to find very new
xoi-A162Nwk-00922-00293232-00293565 complex metal oxides maybe or complex
xoi-A162Nwk-00923-00293566-00293850 metal chalcogen IDEs which have bandgap
xoi-A162Nwk-00924-00293851-00294147 more than one point to 3 volts but have
xoi-A162Nwk-00925-00294148-00294519 not been experimentally tried or whose
xoi-A162Nwk-00926-00294520-00294645 valence edge
xoi-A162Nwk-00927-00294646-00294908 and conduction bandages have not yet
xoi-A162Nwk-00928-00294909-00295353 been properly estimated they can be
xoi-A162Nwk-00929-00295354-00295629 tried so you have to think totally in a
xoi-A162Nwk-00930-00295630-00295827 new way and totally new compounds and
xoi-A162Nwk-00931-00295828-00296127 formulations have to be devised the
xoi-A162Nwk-00932-00296128-00296364 third point why we have limited success
xoi-A162Nwk-00933-00296365-00296582 is the charge transfer processes at the
xoi-A162Nwk-00934-00296583-00296916 interface has to be understood because
xoi-A162Nwk-00935-00296917-00297233 if you want to design systems based on
xoi-A162Nwk-00936-00297234-00297507 logic then you have to understand the
xoi-A162Nwk-00937-00297508-00297720 interface otherwise most of the time you
xoi-A162Nwk-00938-00297721-00297969 will be doing trial and error and trial
xoi-A162Nwk-00939-00297970-00298179 and error always takes a long time and
xoi-A162Nwk-00940-00298180-00298433 charge transfer process it has to be
xoi-A162Nwk-00941-00298434-00298626 understood very well because that is
xoi-A162Nwk-00942-00298627-00298869 what will prevent recombination of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00943-00298870-00299124 electrons and holes and to improve the
xoi-A162Nwk-00944-00299125-00299360 efficiency you have to stop the
xoi-A162Nwk-00945-00299361-00299550 recombination of the electrons and holes
xoi-A162Nwk-00946-00299551-00299820 so understanding the interface is very
xoi-A162Nwk-00947-00299821-00300152 important for charge transfer processes
xoi-A162Nwk-00948-00300153-00300642 then the increase is due to better light
xoi-A162Nwk-00949-00300643-00300852 harvesting capacity of the dye sensitize
xoi-A162Nwk-00950-00300853-00301164 nano crystalline material in dye
xoi-A162Nwk-00951-00301165-00301476 sensitized cells we where we have added
xoi-A162Nwk-00952-00301477-00301881 a dye the increase in the efficiency of
xoi-A162Nwk-00953-00301882-00302207 the photo electrochemical splitting of
xoi-A162Nwk-00954-00302208-00302673 water can be due to or is due to better
xoi-A162Nwk-00955-00302674-00302909 light harvesting capacity that means the
xoi-A162Nwk-00956-00302910-00303140 dye is actually trying to act as a
xoi-A162Nwk-00957-00303141-00303624 antenna and picks up this radiation much
xoi-A162Nwk-00958-00303625-00304091 more efficiently and that transforms the
xoi-A162Nwk-00959-00304092-00304460 efficiency of the hydrogen and oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-00960-00304461-00304743 generation so that's one thing but it is
xoi-A162Nwk-00961-00304744-00305217 also due to the case we discussed of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00962-00305218-00305517 film it is also due to missus Copic film
xoi-A162Nwk-00963-00305518-00305772 texture which favors photo generation
xoi-A162Nwk-00964-00305773-00306078 and collection of charge carriers the
xoi-A162Nwk-00965-00306079-00306240 other thing is the nano crystalline
xoi-A162Nwk-00966-00306241-00306614 state in combination with sensitization
xoi-A162Nwk-00967-00306615-00307074 together can be a worthwhile alternative
xoi-A162Nwk-00968-00307075-00307287 so not only decreasing the size of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00969-00307288-00307507 particles but also using a
xoi-A162Nwk-00970-00307508-00307623 photosensitizer
xoi-A162Nwk-00971-00307624-00307968 together they can lead to a highly
xoi-A162Nwk-00972-00307969-00308031 efficient
xoi-A162Nwk-00973-00308032-00308274 system the efficiency that we have
xoi-A162Nwk-00974-00308275-00308505 reached needs to be increased further
xoi-A162Nwk-00975-00308506-00308961 and challenges are lying ahead this is
xoi-A162Nwk-00976-00308962-00309291 an experimental setup for photocatalytic
xoi-A162Nwk-00977-00309292-00309684 water splitting and you see the core or
xoi-A162Nwk-00978-00309685-00310128 the heart of the setup is the lamp so it
xoi-A162Nwk-00979-00310129-00310557 can be xenon lamp or a mercury lamp and
xoi-A162Nwk-00980-00310558-00310757 a mercury lamp is basically used for
xoi-A162Nwk-00981-00310758-00311040 ultraviolet radiation it produces
xoi-A162Nwk-00982-00311041-00311262 ultraviolet radiation so you put the
xoi-A162Nwk-00983-00311263-00311565 mercury lamp connect it to the mains and
xoi-A162Nwk-00984-00311566-00311874 the like when the lamp blows ultraviolet
xoi-A162Nwk-00985-00311875-00312069 rays come out and you have this solution
xoi-A162Nwk-00986-00312070-00312273 with the nanoparticles or the
xoi-A162Nwk-00987-00312274-00312501 semiconductor particles here and there
xoi-A162Nwk-00988-00312502-00312768 hydrogen and oxygen will be generated at
xoi-A162Nwk-00989-00312769-00313233 the two electrodes so this is one of the
xoi-A162Nwk-00990-00313234-00313542 lamps and these you can also do similar
xoi-A162Nwk-00991-00313543-00314007 thing with xenon lamp and this has this
xoi-A162Nwk-00992-00314008-00314391 GC is attached for analyzing the gases
xoi-A162Nwk-00993-00314392-00314478 which come out
xoi-A162Nwk-00994-00314479-00314925 so both the xenon lamp and the mercury
xoi-A162Nwk-00995-00314926-00315159 in lab can be used the xenon lamp gives
xoi-A162Nwk-00996-00315160-00315378 out visible radiation so if you are
xoi-A162Nwk-00997-00315379-00315669 catalyst is visible light active then
xoi-A162Nwk-00998-00315670-00315909 you use a xenon lamp if you are looking
xoi-A162Nwk-00999-00315910-00316266 for UV radiation then mercury lamp is
xoi-A162Nwk-01000-00316267-00316572 fine so you can always use a higher
xoi-A162Nwk-01001-00316573-00316962 energy lamp like a mercury lamp but to
xoi-A162Nwk-01002-00316963-00317268 see whether only visible region is
xoi-A162Nwk-01003-00317269-00317553 active then you need a zero on lamp to
xoi-A162Nwk-01004-00317554-00317910 produce because UV radiation will also
xoi-A162Nwk-01005-00317911-00318315 promote they create electrons and holes
xoi-A162Nwk-01006-00318316-00318717 in a system where the bandgap is in the
xoi-A162Nwk-01007-00318718-00319065 visible but visible radiation will not
xoi-A162Nwk-01008-00319066-00319377 promote electrons or and generate holes
xoi-A162Nwk-01009-00319378-00319704 if the bandgap is in the UV region so
xoi-A162Nwk-01010-00319705-00319965 visible light will show you certainly
xoi-A162Nwk-01011-00319966-00320166 that the bandgap is in the visible
xoi-A162Nwk-01012-00320167-00320661 region so white titanium dioxide has
xoi-A162Nwk-01013-00320662-00320889 been used a lot and we discussed and
xoi-A162Nwk-01014-00320890-00321159 that is because titanium dioxide is a
xoi-A162Nwk-01015-00321160-00321429 green catalyst it is non-toxic
xoi-A162Nwk-01016-00321430-00321657 so photocatalytic applications of
xoi-A162Nwk-01017-00321658-00322044 titanium dioxide so in the presence of
xoi-A162Nwk-01018-00322045-00322562 light titanium dioxide has been used to
xoi-A162Nwk-01019-00322563-00323432 deodorize your surfaces or any walls etc
xoi-A162Nwk-01020-00323433-00323984 by removing volatile organic compounds
xoi-A162Nwk-01021-00323985-00324273 the odor is basically caused by organic
xoi-A162Nwk-01022-00324274-00324477 compounds which are volatile which are
xoi-A162Nwk-01023-00324478-00324792 in the atmosphere and so the those
xoi-A162Nwk-01024-00324793-00325007 organic compounds which are volatile are
xoi-A162Nwk-01025-00325008-00325263 broken down by the photo catalytic
xoi-A162Nwk-01026-00325264-00325737 reaction by tio2 which in the presence
xoi-A162Nwk-01027-00325738-00326055 of light acts as a photo catalyst you
xoi-A162Nwk-01028-00326056-00326271 can also purify air because you can kill
xoi-A162Nwk-01029-00326272-00326466 bacteria and germs in the presence of
xoi-A162Nwk-01030-00326467-00326739 light and tio2 again acts as a photo
xoi-A162Nwk-01031-00326740-00327000 catalyst so there are lots of these
xoi-A162Nwk-01032-00327001-00327180 photo catalytic applications for
xoi-A162Nwk-01033-00327181-00327579 deodorization removal of odor air
xoi-A162Nwk-01034-00327580-00327798 purification water purification and
xoi-A162Nwk-01035-00327799-00328107 sterilization in all these reactions
xoi-A162Nwk-01036-00328108-00328338 there are tremendous applications of
xoi-A162Nwk-01037-00328339-00328947 tio2 of course tio2 is a UV light photo
xoi-A162Nwk-01038-00328948-00329190 catalyst now you can have antimicrobial
xoi-A162Nwk-01039-00329191-00329510 effect to remove viruses bacteria and in
xoi-A162Nwk-01040-00329511-00329871 diseases so you can use tio2 for all
xoi-A162Nwk-01041-00329872-00330335 these antimicrobial coatings so all
xoi-A162Nwk-01042-00330336-00330614 these examples of coating on the walls
xoi-A162Nwk-01043-00330615-00331060 in hospitals and in offices or factories
xoi-A162Nwk-01044-00331061-00331587 removes molds sports from the air or
xoi-A162Nwk-01045-00331588-00331848 removes viruses bacteria etcetera so it
xoi-A162Nwk-01046-00331849-00332162 shows an antimicrobial layer effect
xoi-A162Nwk-01047-00332163-00332483 because of the photo catalytic
xoi-A162Nwk-01048-00332484-00333039 properties of titania now titania also
xoi-A162Nwk-01049-00333040-00333294 shows self cleaning effect so these are
xoi-A162Nwk-01050-00333295-00333692 examples you see if this is a mirror and
xoi-A162Nwk-01051-00333693-00333987 this part of the mirror is coated with
xoi-A162Nwk-01052-00333988-00334494 titania and the moisture on this part of
xoi-A162Nwk-01053-00334495-00334737 the mirror does not allow you to see
xoi-A162Nwk-01054-00334738-00334818 clear
xoi-A162Nwk-01055-00334819-00335124 but no moisture can settle on this due
xoi-A162Nwk-01056-00335125-00335426 to the self-cleaning effect of titania
xoi-A162Nwk-01057-00335427-00335688 which is also the hydrophobic effect of
xoi-A162Nwk-01058-00335689-00335919 titania similarly walls have been
xoi-A162Nwk-01059-00335920-00336110 painted in several places
xoi-A162Nwk-01060-00336111-00336465 with the photocatalyst and the they are
xoi-A162Nwk-01061-00336466-00336663 self-cleaning in the presence of
xoi-A162Nwk-01062-00336664-00337034 sunlight the tio2 becomes active and it
xoi-A162Nwk-01063-00337035-00337334 removes dirt sand pollutants attached to
xoi-A162Nwk-01064-00337335-00337665 the wall and washes them away after when
xoi-A162Nwk-01065-00337666-00338180 it rains this all those things which are
xoi-A162Nwk-01066-00338181-00338493 attached to the world will be washed
xoi-A162Nwk-01067-00338494-00338766 away set is self-cleaning in the
xoi-A162Nwk-01068-00338767-00338991 presence of light the catalysis occurs
xoi-A162Nwk-01069-00338992-00339359 and when you wash it with water or it
xoi-A162Nwk-01070-00339360-00339645 rains the walls become clean so hence
xoi-A162Nwk-01071-00339646-00339884 these are called self-cleaning effects
xoi-A162Nwk-01072-00339885-00340181 and have been uses on doors door handles
xoi-A162Nwk-01073-00340182-00340676 windows and buildings etc so tio2 is an
xoi-A162Nwk-01074-00340677-00340856 ideal photocatalyst and that's why
xoi-A162Nwk-01075-00340857-00341097 thirty-six percent of the research of
xoi-A162Nwk-01076-00341098-00341415 the world as shown in the pie chart is
xoi-A162Nwk-01077-00341416-00341862 done on tio2 it is cheap it has high
xoi-A162Nwk-01078-00341863-00342141 photochemical corrosiveness strong
xoi-A162Nwk-01079-00342142-00342417 oxidizing power and photo catalysis
xoi-A162Nwk-01080-00342418-00342638 takes place at ambient temperature and
xoi-A162Nwk-01081-00342639-00342875 atmospheric oxygen is used for the
xoi-A162Nwk-01082-00342876-00343221 reaction the redox potential for photo
xoi-A162Nwk-01083-00343222-00343475 generated hole is around two point five
xoi-A162Nwk-01084-00343476-00343671 three volts versus the standard hydrogen
xoi-A162Nwk-01085-00343672-00343962 electrode and after reaction with water
xoi-A162Nwk-01086-00343963-00344330 the holes will produce hydroxyl radicals
xoi-A162Nwk-01087-00344331-00344606 both holes and hydroxyl radicals are
xoi-A162Nwk-01088-00344607-00344858 more positive compared to ozone so if
xoi-A162Nwk-01089-00344859-00345093 you see these oxidation potential you
xoi-A162Nwk-01090-00345094-00345417 see the hydroxy radical is much stronger
xoi-A162Nwk-01091-00345418-00345659 than ozone as an oxidizing agent and
xoi-A162Nwk-01092-00345660-00345908 much stronger than hydrogen peroxide so
xoi-A162Nwk-01093-00345909-00346167 hydroxyl radical which is produced by
xoi-A162Nwk-01094-00346168-00346385 the holes in a photo catalytic process
xoi-A162Nwk-01095-00346386-00346737 is a powerful oxidizing agent as seen by
xoi-A162Nwk-01096-00346738-00346989 the oxidation potential and hence it
xoi-A162Nwk-01097-00346990-00347279 will oxidize water into oxygen so
xoi-A162Nwk-01098-00347280-00347480 several photochemical photo catalytic
xoi-A162Nwk-01099-00347481-00347838 reactions are possible and in the
xoi-A162Nwk-01100-00347839-00348059 presence of light you generate electron
xoi-A162Nwk-01101-00348060-00348183 and hole the
xoi-A162Nwk-01102-00348184-00348411 reacts with water to produce hydroxyl
xoi-A162Nwk-01103-00348412-00348624 radicals the electron reacts with oxygen
xoi-A162Nwk-01104-00348625-00349140 to produce this dioxygen radical anion
xoi-A162Nwk-01105-00349141-00349383 and this radical anion reacts with
xoi-A162Nwk-01106-00349384-00349785 protons to produce this radical so
xoi-A162Nwk-01107-00349786-00350271 several of these reactions can happen in
xoi-A162Nwk-01108-00350272-00350460 the presence of light and the
xoi-A162Nwk-01109-00350461-00350841 photocatalyst titanium dioxide now how
xoi-A162Nwk-01110-00350842-00351063 does which radical mineralize the
xoi-A162Nwk-01111-00351064-00351354 pollutant the Oh H radical reacts with
xoi-A162Nwk-01112-00351355-00351552 organic compounds which is the pollutant
xoi-A162Nwk-01113-00351553-00351771 and produces carbon dioxide and water
xoi-A162Nwk-01114-00351772-00352131 that's how it cleans the or the rivers
xoi-A162Nwk-01115-00352132-00352398 which are full of pollutants by using
xoi-A162Nwk-01116-00352399-00352758 titanium dioxide etcetera so this is
xoi-A162Nwk-01117-00352759-00353004 again in a nutshell to show you when
xoi-A162Nwk-01118-00353005-00353399 light shines electrons go one way and
xoi-A162Nwk-01119-00353400-00353685 protons should go the hole should go the
xoi-A162Nwk-01120-00353686-00353916 other way and the electrons on the
xoi-A162Nwk-01121-00353917-00354243 surface can recombine and the holes and
xoi-A162Nwk-01122-00354244-00354768 the surface can go and oxidize or they
xoi-A162Nwk-01123-00354769-00355173 can also recombine the electrons can
xoi-A162Nwk-01124-00355174-00355470 recombine with holes or they can go on
xoi-A162Nwk-01125-00355471-00355728 the surface and reduce you have to stop
xoi-A162Nwk-01126-00355729-00355989 the electron hole recombination so this
xoi-A162Nwk-01127-00355990-00356265 process in this process you want to stop
xoi-A162Nwk-01128-00356266-00356532 to make an efficient photo catalyst and
xoi-A162Nwk-01129-00356533-00356751 the electron hole recombination is of
xoi-A162Nwk-01130-00356752-00357024 the order of less than 30 Pico seconds
xoi-A162Nwk-01131-00357025-00357360 sense efficiency is very low so this is
xoi-A162Nwk-01132-00357361-00357615 the bottleneck you want to stop the
xoi-A162Nwk-01133-00357616-00357918 electron hole recombination and you have
xoi-A162Nwk-01134-00357919-00358248 only efficiency of around five to six
xoi-A162Nwk-01135-00358249-00358434 percent in this water splitting
xoi-A162Nwk-01136-00358435-00358773 reactions so finally this is how the
xoi-A162Nwk-01137-00358774-00359037 reaction looks when you are doing photo
xoi-A162Nwk-01138-00359038-00359427 catalysis so this is the lamp which I
xoi-A162Nwk-01139-00359428-00359661 was talking to you a xenon lamp mercury
xoi-A162Nwk-01140-00359662-00359985 lamp is placed inside and the solution
xoi-A162Nwk-01141-00359986-00360164 is there with the photo catalysts and
xoi-A162Nwk-01142-00360165-00360405 electrodes are there the electrode
xoi-A162Nwk-01143-00360406-00360621 assembly and you are doing photo
xoi-A162Nwk-01144-00360622-00360882 catalytic reactions here so with that I
xoi-A162Nwk-01145-00360883-00361184 come to the end of today's lecture and
xoi-A162Nwk-01146-00361185-00361401 we have one more lecture on
xoi-A162Nwk-01147-00361402-00361564 photocatalysis we
xoi-A162Nwk-01148-00361565-00361783 you will be doing in the next lecture
xoi-A162Nwk-01149-00361784-00363459 thank you
xoi-A162Nwk-01150-00363460-00363667 you
x22YpmOCTuY-00000-00000036-00000173 [Music]
x22YpmOCTuY-00001-00000174-00000413 welcome back I had attempted to share
x22YpmOCTuY-00002-00000413-00000641 this story once before but it was so
x22YpmOCTuY-00003-00000642-00000839 indecipherable then that I couldn't even
x22YpmOCTuY-00004-00000840-00001073 make sense of it this was originally
x22YpmOCTuY-00005-00001074-00001307 intended to be a scolding verse and was
x22YpmOCTuY-00006-00001308-00001582 set up almost like a poem but I was so
x22YpmOCTuY-00007-00001583-00001793 lost because most of it was very Loosely
x22YpmOCTuY-00008-00001794-00002092 translated I'm not going to say I fixed
x22YpmOCTuY-00009-00002093-00002375 the story but I do feel like it makes it
x22YpmOCTuY-00010-00002376-00002645 is much easier to follow now I really
x22YpmOCTuY-00011-00002646-00002813 hope you enjoy please consider
x22YpmOCTuY-00012-00002814-00003010 subscribing to djacproductions as I
x22YpmOCTuY-00013-00003011-00003197 continue to dive into both stories in
x22YpmOCTuY-00014-00003198-00003388 the public domain as well as various
x22YpmOCTuY-00015-00003389-00003772 dare I say educational articles
x22YpmOCTuY-00016-00003773-00004036 I did not come up with this idea but I
x22YpmOCTuY-00017-00004037-00004241 could not find a name for what scold
x22YpmOCTuY-00018-00004242-00004469 originally shared the story it was
x22YpmOCTuY-00019-00004470-00004763 translated from Scandinavian
x22YpmOCTuY-00020-00004764-00005122 the descendants of the god of strength
x22YpmOCTuY-00021-00005123-00005381 this is a story of how a vast Kingdom in
x22YpmOCTuY-00022-00005382-00005615 ancient Sweden collapsed after many
x22YpmOCTuY-00023-00005616-00005836 years of war and other stress under the
x22YpmOCTuY-00024-00005837-00006106 great Swedish King digvy
x22YpmOCTuY-00025-00006107-00006329 the people of Sweden began to dislike
x22YpmOCTuY-00026-00006330-00006532 and curse the legendary ruler in his
x22YpmOCTuY-00027-00006533-00006814 family these curses first fell upon the
x22YpmOCTuY-00028-00006815-00006953 prince
x22YpmOCTuY-00029-00006954-00007198 when he was lost to a windless wave of
x22YpmOCTuY-00030-00007200-00007384 spearmen that were sent to assassinate
x22YpmOCTuY-00031-00007386-00007534 him in his home
x22YpmOCTuY-00032-00007536-00007798 a crafty witch had convinced the Young
x22YpmOCTuY-00033-00007800-00008063 Prince to visit with dengvy right as she
x22YpmOCTuY-00034-00008064-00008309 was working to overthrow him the great
x22YpmOCTuY-00035-00008310-00008537 king himself was tortured relentlessly
x22YpmOCTuY-00036-00008538-00008705 and then burned to death on the bank of
x22YpmOCTuY-00037-00008706-00008999 the river scooter by his own citizens
x22YpmOCTuY-00038-00009000-00009287 enraged by this plot the remaining
x22YpmOCTuY-00039-00009288-00009545 princes and leaders that were loyal to
x22YpmOCTuY-00040-00009546-00009833 the great king set sail to exact revenge
x22YpmOCTuY-00041-00009834-00010145 for this Unholy regicide but the fires
x22YpmOCTuY-00042-00010146-00010355 of their own rest swallowed the ship as
x22YpmOCTuY-00043-00010356-00010546 they attempted to incite the harmful
x22YpmOCTuY-00044-00010547-00010727 thief of the forest against their
x22YpmOCTuY-00045-00010728-00010835 enemies
x22YpmOCTuY-00046-00010836-00011087 The Roaring fires managed to kill the
x22YpmOCTuY-00047-00011088-00011327 remaining Sovereign within that house
x22YpmOCTuY-00048-00011328-00011633 before all of this treachery took place
x22YpmOCTuY-00049-00011634-00011806 it happened that the king's Warriors
x22YpmOCTuY-00050-00011807-00011987 reddened the ground with the blood of
x22YpmOCTuY-00051-00011988-00012221 their leader and the army of the land
x22YpmOCTuY-00052-00012222-00012406 took the bloody weapons away from the
x22YpmOCTuY-00053-00012407-00012635 lifeless body of the once legendary King
x22YpmOCTuY-00054-00012636-00012802 of Sweden
x22YpmOCTuY-00055-00012803-00013001 because they were eager for a good
x22YpmOCTuY-00056-00013002-00013271 harness so the swedes decided that they
x22YpmOCTuY-00057-00013272-00013511 had to sacrifice the king who was in
x22YpmOCTuY-00058-00013512-00013822 fact an enemy of the ice giants
x22YpmOCTuY-00059-00013823-00014105 the warrior fell where the weapons of
x22YpmOCTuY-00060-00014106-00014279 his brother became the Slayer of the
x22YpmOCTuY-00061-00014280-00014530 people it is said that the Kinsmen of
x22YpmOCTuY-00062-00014531-00014783 this of Swedish Kings killed one another
x22YpmOCTuY-00063-00014784-00014933 with the
x22YpmOCTuY-00064-00014934-00015238 Bridle of the saddle horse yet no one
x22YpmOCTuY-00065-00015240-00015449 has ever heard before of an offswing
x22YpmOCTuY-00066-00015450-00015707 spring of Swedish Kings using riding
x22YpmOCTuY-00067-00015708-00015947 gear in battle
x22YpmOCTuY-00068-00015947-00016186 after all of this I call it no secret
x22YpmOCTuY-00069-00016187-00016415 but the goddess of hell now has the
x22YpmOCTuY-00070-00016416-00016667 corpse of dignity for her own pleasure
x22YpmOCTuY-00071-00016668-00016919 while the sister of the wolf and an RFI
x22YpmOCTuY-00072-00016920-00017105 had to choose a new king
x22YpmOCTuY-00073-00017106-00017405 in this way the maiden of Loki had in
x22YpmOCTuY-00074-00017406-00017485 turn
x22YpmOCTuY-00075-00017486-00017741 outplayed all of the sovereignty of the
x22YpmOCTuY-00076-00017742-00018053 people in the city of Yankee and not
x22YpmOCTuY-00077-00018054-00018263 just that of the king
x22YpmOCTuY-00078-00018264-00018605 later I learned that a dregger eager for
x22YpmOCTuY-00079-00018606-00018886 fame had to depart from his home and
x22YpmOCTuY-00080-00018887-00019072 fear of death
x22YpmOCTuY-00081-00019073-00019313 the former King's Knights came with
x22YpmOCTuY-00082-00019314-00019607 vengeance but when the advisers of the
x22YpmOCTuY-00083-00019608-00019835 later bore the news of the dire fight to
x22YpmOCTuY-00084-00019836-00020075 the east he flung a pitchfork at The
x22YpmOCTuY-00085-00020076-00020363 Messengers and unbounded rage and the
x22YpmOCTuY-00086-00020364-00020561 guardian of the sanctuary of the king
x22YpmOCTuY-00087-00020562-00020849 who Alfred slew had to lie defeated
x22YpmOCTuY-00088-00020850-00021125 because the Indie ridden ruler had
x22YpmOCTuY-00089-00021126-00021383 reddened his bloody sword upon all of
x22YpmOCTuY-00090-00021384-00021544 yingbe
x22YpmOCTuY-00091-00021545-00021827 it was not right that Bara had to incite
x22YpmOCTuY-00092-00021828-00022061 these the Slaughters of these slain in
x22YpmOCTuY-00093-00022062-00022294 order to fight when the two brothers
x22YpmOCTuY-00094-00022295-00022511 needlessly became each other's Killers
x22YpmOCTuY-00095-00022512-00022967 out of pure jealousy
x22YpmOCTuY-00096-00022968-00023117 you're under
x22YpmOCTuY-00097-00023118-00023399 the one who died long ago was deprived
x22YpmOCTuY-00098-00023400-00023608 of his life and
x22YpmOCTuY-00099-00023609-00023789 um and Lynn for it
x22YpmOCTuY-00100-00023790-00023986 when The Gallows had to carry him and
x22YpmOCTuY-00101-00023987-00024191 the remnant of the leather strap of the
x22YpmOCTuY-00102-00024192-00024455 legendary Danish hero The Noose went
x22YpmOCTuY-00103-00024456-00024641 around his neck since
x22YpmOCTuY-00104-00024642-00024971 the creptitude long ago overtook Anna
x22YpmOCTuY-00105-00024972-00025121 and upsella
x22YpmOCTuY-00106-00025122-00025361 and the one tenacious of Life had to
x22YpmOCTuY-00107-00025362-00025600 receive the food for a second time
x22YpmOCTuY-00108-00025601-00025858 and he turned a narrower part of the end
x22YpmOCTuY-00109-00025860-00026105 of his sword toward himself and he drank
x22YpmOCTuY-00110-00026106-00026314 from the tip of the sword while the
x22YpmOCTuY-00111-00026316-00026585 gray-haired Eastern King could not even
x22YpmOCTuY-00112-00026586-00026861 hold up the sword of the bull the famous
x22YpmOCTuY-00113-00026862-00027070 descendant of tear fled the country
x22YpmOCTuY-00114-00027072-00027287 before the power of Tony
x22YpmOCTuY-00115-00027288-00027623 and the Roamer had long walked about the
x22YpmOCTuY-00116-00027624-00027862 eastern forest and reddened its sword
x22YpmOCTuY-00117-00027863-00028181 upon eating egg you
x22YpmOCTuY-00118-00028182-00028420 his sword struck the heart of the son of
x22YpmOCTuY-00119-00028422-00028679 the murdered Swedish King
x22YpmOCTuY-00120-00028680-00028949 the Valiant otar fell before the weapons
x22YpmOCTuY-00121-00028950-00029111 of the Danes in battle
x22YpmOCTuY-00122-00029112-00029333 The Raven came from afar
x22YpmOCTuY-00123-00029333-00029567 I have learned that these Deeds became
x22YpmOCTuY-00124-00029568-00029824 Legends for the Swedish people and the
x22YpmOCTuY-00125-00029825-00030035 yarls from the islands had killed The
x22YpmOCTuY-00126-00030036-00030179 Insider of War
x22YpmOCTuY-00127-00030180-00030461 I had learned further that the sorcerers
x22YpmOCTuY-00128-00030462-00030677 had to destroy the life of the former
x22YpmOCTuY-00129-00030677-00030952 king and the deed eager descendant of
x22YpmOCTuY-00130-00030954-00031187 freyr had to fall off the back of the
x22YpmOCTuY-00131-00031188-00031540 Steep and the fluid of the brains of the
x22YpmOCTuY-00132-00031541-00031768 son of the ruler was blended into the
x22YpmOCTuY-00133-00031769-00031877 mud
x22YpmOCTuY-00134-00031877-00032231 and the deed fortunate enemy of his had
x22YpmOCTuY-00135-00032232-00032423 to die in uppsala
x22YpmOCTuY-00136-00032424-00032699 I know the end of the concluded life had
x22YpmOCTuY-00137-00032700-00032962 to be hidden and Lou found and among the
x22YpmOCTuY-00138-00032963-00033179 swedes said the man from
x22YpmOCTuY-00139-00033180-00033449 uh utland burned the ruler inside a
x22YpmOCTuY-00140-00033450-00033718 house so the biting fire attacked the
x22YpmOCTuY-00141-00033719-00033971 ruler when the house burned down around
x22YpmOCTuY-00142-00033972-00034157 him
x22YpmOCTuY-00143-00034158-00034529 the word spread quickly
x22YpmOCTuY-00144-00034530-00034979 that the people of sisla had slain Igbo
x22YpmOCTuY-00145-00034980-00035249 and an Estonian Force attacked the ruler
x22YpmOCTuY-00146-00035250-00035585 the men at the heart of the war
x22YpmOCTuY-00147-00035586-00035824 and the Baltic Sea sings the song of
x22YpmOCTuY-00148-00035825-00036112 yormongan to the light of the Swedish
x22YpmOCTuY-00149-00036113-00036424 ruler the crushing Stones Came Upon the
x22YpmOCTuY-00150-00036425-00036659 enemy of the estonians
x22YpmOCTuY-00151-00036660-00036983 and that wielder of the sword the hero
x22YpmOCTuY-00152-00036984-00037445 was surrounded by the bones of the Earth
x22YpmOCTuY-00153-00037446-00037702 the gusher of smoke over King ingvolder
x22YpmOCTuY-00154-00037703-00037823 alive
x22YpmOCTuY-00155-00037824-00038117 and among the swedes that that fate
x22YpmOCTuY-00156-00038118-00038339 seemed the most just to all people that
x22YpmOCTuY-00157-00038340-00038573 he himself should be the first to end
x22YpmOCTuY-00158-00038574-00038818 his life valiantly and the fire
x22YpmOCTuY-00159-00038819-00039040 swallowed the corpse of Olaf near the
x22YpmOCTuY-00160-00039041-00039173 bay
x22YpmOCTuY-00161-00039174-00039455 it loosed the clothes from the ruler of
x22YpmOCTuY-00162-00039456-00039721 the sweets the descendant of the rulers
x22YpmOCTuY-00163-00039722-00040162 disappeared from uppsala long ago
x22YpmOCTuY-00164-00040163-00040390 everyone learned that the mediators had
x22YpmOCTuY-00165-00040391-00040630 to feel the loss of Health then and a
x22YpmOCTuY-00166-00040631-00040852 protecting goddess of Hell took the
x22YpmOCTuY-00167-00040853-00041135 mighty king in totem the maiden of Hell
x22YpmOCTuY-00168-00041136-00041446 invite invited a third ruler out of the
x22YpmOCTuY-00169-00041447-00041735 world to a meeting when Houston who
x22YpmOCTuY-00170-00041736-00041915 lived in Holton
x22YpmOCTuY-00171-00041916-00042305 had used up the allotment of the norms
x22YpmOCTuY-00172-00042306-00042509 and afterwards
x22YpmOCTuY-00173-00042510-00042833 the Victorious ones buried the ruler in
x22YpmOCTuY-00174-00042834-00042959 bore
x22YpmOCTuY-00175-00042960-00043235 The Splendid who lived long ago was
x22YpmOCTuY-00176-00043236-00043480 dealt with using treachery and a
x22YpmOCTuY-00177-00043481-00043643 hate-filled head
x22YpmOCTuY-00178-00043644-00043889 brought a plot against the drunk ruler
x22YpmOCTuY-00179-00043890-00044149 against the leader and the
x22YpmOCTuY-00180-00044150-00044417 treacherous-minded servant of Asa won a
x22YpmOCTuY-00181-00044418-00044639 hidden Victory Against The Prince and
x22YpmOCTuY-00182-00044640-00044824 the King was stabbed on that ancient
x22YpmOCTuY-00183-00044825-00045023 shore on The Descent
x22YpmOCTuY-00184-00045024-00045299 descendants of the god of strength had
x22YpmOCTuY-00185-00045300-00045467 flourished in Norway
x22YpmOCTuY-00186-00045468-00045893 oh offer uh Olaf once ruled powerfully
x22YpmOCTuY-00187-00045894-00046174 over a wide area across the nine worlds
x22YpmOCTuY-00188-00046175-00046457 until a foot disease was to destroy that
x22YpmOCTuY-00189-00046458-00046595 Warrior
x22YpmOCTuY-00190-00046596-00046957 the war daring King who was called the
x22YpmOCTuY-00191-00046958-00047243 generous-minded lord of the forest Now
x22YpmOCTuY-00192-00047244-00047537 lies with an amount nothing left but
x22YpmOCTuY-00193-00047538-00047845 rooms to tell of his story
x22YpmOCTuY-00194-00047846-00048065 thank you so much for watching I really
x22YpmOCTuY-00195-00048066-00048346 hope you enjoyed and uh I hope you come
x22YpmOCTuY-00196-00048347-00048751 back for the next video bye
x22YpmOCTuY-00197-00048752-00049043 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00000-00000000-00001646 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00001-00001647-00002274 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00002-00002275-00003256 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00003-00003257-00003925 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00004-00003926-00004996 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00005-00004997-00006718 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00006-00006719-00008040 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00007-00008041-00009274 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00008-00009275-00010206 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00009-00010207-00010586 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00010-00010587-00011921 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00011-00011922-00014568 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00012-00014569-00015627 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00013-00015628-00016194 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00014-00016195-00018280 thank you thank you
x2_C_aev300-00015-00018281-00019319 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00016-00019320-00019697 someday
x2_C_aev300-00017-00019698-00020208 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00018-00020209-00022486 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00019-00022487-00023710 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00020-00023711-00026008 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00022-00029412-00031016 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00023-00031017-00032705 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00024-00032706-00034121 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00025-00034122-00034837 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00026-00034838-00036574 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00027-00036575-00038147 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00028-00038148-00039485 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00029-00039486-00040053 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00030-00040054-00040679 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00031-00040680-00042783 that's good
x2_C_aev300-00032-00042784-00042851 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00033-00042852-00043898 um
x2_C_aev300-00034-00043899-00045002 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00035-00045003-00045868 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00036-00045869-00048173 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00037-00048174-00048502 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00038-00048503-00049227 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00039-00049228-00049915 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00040-00049916-00050633 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00041-00050634-00051167 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00042-00051168-00051694 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00043-00051695-00052677 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00044-00052678-00054287 [Music]
x2_C_aev300-00046-00057512-00058180 thank you
x2_C_aev300-00047-00058182-00060803 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00051-00073398-00074309 foreign
x2_C_aev300-00052-00074310-00074482 laughs
x2_C_aev300-00053-00074483-00074856 I raise my hands
x2_C_aev300-00054-00074857-00075281 but it's no use cause you can't stop it
x2_C_aev300-00055-00075282-00077417 from shining through it's true
x2_C_aev300-00056-00077418-00077648 foreign
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00000-00000069-00000310 [Applause]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00001-00000311-00001215 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00002-00001216-00003535 uh
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00004-00006615-00006854 okay
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00005-00006855-00008095 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00006-00008095-00010527 oh
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00008-00014959-00016815 is
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00009-00016816-00017079 mommy
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00010-00017080-00019679 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00012-00023841-00025399 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00013-00025400-00025631 foreign
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00014-00025632-00027287 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00015-00027288-00027651 thank you
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00016-00027652-00029520 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00018-00032575-00033179 oh
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00019-00033180-00033951 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00020-00033952-00035072 is
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00021-00035073-00035900 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00022-00035901-00036711 [Applause]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00023-00036712-00038379 foreign
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00024-00038380-00039674 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00025-00039675-00039935 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00026-00039936-00040221 foreign
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00027-00040222-00040444 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00028-00040445-00041073 [Applause]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00029-00041074-00042286 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00030-00042287-00043734 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00031-00043735-00043952 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00032-00043953-00044068 [Applause]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00033-00044069-00044455 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00034-00044456-00044736 okay
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00036-00047847-00050086 uh
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00037-00050087-00051183 bye
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00038-00051184-00051446 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00039-00051447-00051775 uh
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00040-00051776-00053926 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00041-00053927-00054173 so
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00043-00059695-00061386 [Applause]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00044-00061387-00062342 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00045-00062344-00062622 so
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00046-00062623-00065175 [Music]
x5cQbRMP3Yc-00047-00065176-00065383 you
x6TzvB0RRKM-00000-00000432-00000721 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00001-00000722-00001021 [Applause]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00002-00001022-00001491 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00003-00001492-00001614 oh
x6TzvB0RRKM-00004-00001616-00002883 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00005-00002884-00005007 oh how hard
x6TzvB0RRKM-00006-00005008-00007083 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00007-00007084-00007259 huh
x6TzvB0RRKM-00008-00007261-00008548 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00009-00008549-00008836 [Applause]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00010-00008837-00010951 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00011-00010952-00011056 [Applause]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00012-00011057-00011283 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00013-00011284-00011720 oh
x6TzvB0RRKM-00014-00011721-00012683 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00015-00012684-00013501 huh
x6TzvB0RRKM-00016-00013502-00014083 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00017-00014084-00014581 uh
x6TzvB0RRKM-00018-00014582-00015483 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00019-00015484-00016205 me
x6TzvB0RRKM-00020-00016206-00016682 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00021-00016683-00016917 [Applause]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00022-00016918-00018879 [Music]
x6TzvB0RRKM-00023-00018880-00019087 you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00000-00004986-00005509 foreign
x7g7ybPqzY8-00001-00005510-00005788 it doesn't matter that 20 doctors have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00002-00005789-00005986 told you it's all in your head I got
x7g7ybPqzY8-00003-00005987-00006251 news for you it's actually all in your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00004-00006252-00006454 gut cardiothoracic surgeon Stephen
x7g7ybPqzY8-00005-00006455-00006670 gundry says he solved the weight loss
x7g7ybPqzY8-00006-00006672-00006934 mystery you really have changed the way
x7g7ybPqzY8-00007-00006936-00007217 I think about what I eat best book I've
x7g7ybPqzY8-00008-00007218-00007409 seen on diet ever you did all this
x7g7ybPqzY8-00009-00007409-00007613 research you were 70 pounds heavier what
x7g7ybPqzY8-00010-00007614-00007805 did you change what did you stop eating
x7g7ybPqzY8-00011-00007806-00007991 what did you start eating so I used to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00012-00007992-00008213 be 70 pounds overweight and I was
x7g7ybPqzY8-00013-00008214-00008471 running 30 miles a week I was going to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00014-00008472-00008759 the gym one hour every day and eating a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00015-00008760-00008987 healthy low-fat vegetarian diet and no
x7g7ybPqzY8-00016-00008988-00009203 matter what I did I couldn't lose weight
x7g7ybPqzY8-00017-00009204-00009455 then Dr gundry discovered a remarkable
x7g7ybPqzY8-00018-00009456-00009689 scientific breakthrough that changed
x7g7ybPqzY8-00019-00009690-00009946 everything I attribute almost all of my
x7g7ybPqzY8-00020-00009947-00010192 weight loss to the addition of one thing
x7g7ybPqzY8-00021-00010193-00010481 that I did to my diet
x7g7ybPqzY8-00022-00010482-00010703 we live in the most advanced era in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00023-00010704-00010913 human history right there have never
x7g7ybPqzY8-00024-00010914-00011069 been more medical breakthroughs than
x7g7ybPqzY8-00025-00011070-00011296 there are right now so tell me one thing
x7g7ybPqzY8-00026-00011297-00011441 why is the health of the average
x7g7ybPqzY8-00027-00011442-00011669 American plummeting why are digestive
x7g7ybPqzY8-00028-00011670-00011855 issues like bloating cramps and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00029-00011856-00012053 constipation at the highest levels ever
x7g7ybPqzY8-00030-00012054-00012269 recorded why do so many of us struggle
x7g7ybPqzY8-00031-00012270-00012478 with fatigue and low mood why are skin
x7g7ybPqzY8-00032-00012479-00012688 problems achy joints allergies and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00033-00012689-00012857 constant colds something that millions
x7g7ybPqzY8-00034-00012858-00013079 of Americans deal with every single day
x7g7ybPqzY8-00035-00013080-00013336 why are 66 percent of Americans
x7g7ybPqzY8-00036-00013337-00013619 overweight diabetic or pre-diabetic and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00037-00013619-00013841 why is that number skyrocketing every
x7g7ybPqzY8-00038-00013841-00014111 day with projections that in 10 years a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00039-00014112-00014351 staggering 85 percent of all Americans
x7g7ybPqzY8-00040-00014352-00014591 will be overweight or obese because
x7g7ybPqzY8-00041-00014591-00014830 modern medicine profits from sickness
x7g7ybPqzY8-00042-00014831-00015143 not health and in my opinion their worst
x7g7ybPqzY8-00043-00015144-00015400 fear is that you learn the true cause of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00044-00015401-00015683 what ails you and that you solve it once
x7g7ybPqzY8-00045-00015684-00015893 and for all that's why I made this video
x7g7ybPqzY8-00046-00015894-00016097 my name is Dr Stephen gundry and for
x7g7ybPqzY8-00047-00016097-00016271 much of my adult life I was overweight
x7g7ybPqzY8-00048-00016272-00016475 my knees and bones ache and I was tired
x7g7ybPqzY8-00049-00016476-00016733 it all the time this was despite being a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00050-00016734-00016894 world-renowned cardiothoracic surgeon
x7g7ybPqzY8-00051-00016895-00017105 and living the perfect healthy lifestyle
x7g7ybPqzY8-00052-00017106-00017344 most of my fellow doctors recommended I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00053-00017345-00017567 rarely ate fast food I consumed low-fat
x7g7ybPqzY8-00054-00017568-00017800 Dairy and whole grains I ran 30 miles a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00055-00017801-00017927 week and worked out at the gym daily
x7g7ybPqzY8-00056-00017928-00018161 despite all this I was 70 pounds
x7g7ybPqzY8-00057-00018162-00018305 overweight had high blood pressure
x7g7ybPqzY8-00058-00018306-00018521 migraine headaches arthritis high
x7g7ybPqzY8-00059-00018522-00018743 cholesterol and insulin resistance I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00060-00018744-00018886 wore braces on my knees because they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00061-00018887-00019139 hurt so much that was then today I'm
x7g7ybPqzY8-00062-00019140-00019283 proud to say I'm not only thin and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00063-00019284-00019517 healthy I'm actually happy because I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00064-00019518-00019744 finally feel clean and healthy on the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00065-00019745-00019972 inside I'm turning 70 this year and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00066-00019973-00020164 people often assume I'm 10 years younger
x7g7ybPqzY8-00067-00020165-00020375 than I am best of all I've now helped
x7g7ybPqzY8-00068-00020376-00020555 tens of thousands of people achieve the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00069-00020556-00020735 same results including people of every
x7g7ybPqzY8-00070-00020736-00020927 age many of whom were in really bad
x7g7ybPqzY8-00071-00020928-00021113 shape and thought they could never get
x7g7ybPqzY8-00072-00021114-00021364 healthy to accomplish this yourself you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00073-00021365-00021586 do not need to visit a doctor you do not
x7g7ybPqzY8-00074-00021587-00021827 need to have an expensive surgery you do
x7g7ybPqzY8-00075-00021828-00022114 not need to do crazy workouts and you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00076-00022115-00022367 don't have to starve yourself what you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00077-00022368-00022636 do need to do is change change one just
x7g7ybPqzY8-00078-00022637-00022858 one aspect of your health and if you do
x7g7ybPqzY8-00079-00022859-00023044 it I can practically guarantee your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00080-00023045-00023200 health and life will change in a matter
x7g7ybPqzY8-00081-00023201-00023417 of weeks or even days what's the one
x7g7ybPqzY8-00082-00023418-00023722 thing you need to change your gut today
x7g7ybPqzY8-00083-00023723-00023861 I'm going to share with you my brand new
x7g7ybPqzY8-00084-00023862-00024089 gut cleanse protocol for transforming
x7g7ybPqzY8-00085-00024090-00024292 your physical health and achieving the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00086-00024293-00024467 life you deserve much of what you're
x7g7ybPqzY8-00087-00024468-00024599 about to hear has never been shared
x7g7ybPqzY8-00088-00024600-00024791 before outside my world famous clinics
x7g7ybPqzY8-00089-00024792-00024922 in Santa Barbara and Palm Springs
x7g7ybPqzY8-00090-00024923-00025127 California and it's based on scientific
x7g7ybPqzY8-00091-00025128-00025325 research from my 40 years practicing
x7g7ybPqzY8-00092-00025326-00025505 medicine and do you know the best part
x7g7ybPqzY8-00093-00025506-00025733 it's actually easy as long as you're
x7g7ybPqzY8-00094-00025733-00025900 prepared for several myths you've heard
x7g7ybPqzY8-00095-00025901-00026140 all your life to be shattered as you may
x7g7ybPqzY8-00096-00026141-00026393 know there are over 340 000 people on
x7g7ybPqzY8-00097-00026394-00026627 Earth right now who are over 100 years
x7g7ybPqzY8-00098-00026627-00026855 old amazingly many of them are still
x7g7ybPqzY8-00099-00026856-00027052 dancing biking feeling great and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00100-00027054-00027214 enjoying life even after their
x7g7ybPqzY8-00101-00027216-00027418 Centennial birthday in fact I've met
x7g7ybPqzY8-00102-00027419-00027629 many and even been doctored to several
x7g7ybPqzY8-00103-00027630-00027839 who looked so good people thought they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00104-00027839-00028090 were 30 to 40 years younger than their
x7g7ybPqzY8-00105-00028091-00028270 actual age I'm here to tell you that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00106-00028272-00028462 despite what you've heard they're amazed
x7g7ybPqzY8-00107-00028463-00028762 health is not due to good luck or
x7g7ybPqzY8-00108-00028763-00028955 Superior genetics they live in different
x7g7ybPqzY8-00109-00028956-00029207 countries eat different foods some have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00110-00029208-00029423 no vices and some smoke cigarettes and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00111-00029424-00029639 drink wine all day but if you look at
x7g7ybPqzY8-00112-00029639-00029837 these people closely a very specific
x7g7ybPqzY8-00113-00029838-00030035 pattern about their lifestyle becomes
x7g7ybPqzY8-00114-00030036-00030220 crystal clear and by studying this
x7g7ybPqzY8-00115-00030222-00030407 secret pattern I believe we've
x7g7ybPqzY8-00116-00030408-00030652 discovered a master key that unlocks
x7g7ybPqzY8-00117-00030653-00030893 your body's Health and Longevity I've
x7g7ybPqzY8-00118-00030894-00031067 spent many years learning this secret
x7g7ybPqzY8-00119-00031068-00031379 and testing it on myself and wow is it
x7g7ybPqzY8-00120-00031380-00031583 working for me better than I ever
x7g7ybPqzY8-00121-00031583-00031793 thought possible it's also working for
x7g7ybPqzY8-00122-00031794-00031949 thousands of people who come to see me
x7g7ybPqzY8-00123-00031950-00032158 at my clinics and today I will share
x7g7ybPqzY8-00124-00032160-00032417 this secret every detail with you why am
x7g7ybPqzY8-00125-00032418-00032608 I doing this firstly the waiting list to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00126-00032610-00032771 see me in Palm Springs in Santa Barbara
x7g7ybPqzY8-00127-00032772-00032999 is currently over a year long and that's
x7g7ybPqzY8-00128-00033000-00033202 with me working six days a week and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00129-00033203-00033418 taking almost no vacations it's become
x7g7ybPqzY8-00130-00033419-00033574 obvious to me that if I'm going to reach
x7g7ybPqzY8-00131-00033575-00033737 my goal of helping the millions of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00132-00033738-00033893 Americans who struggle with weight
x7g7ybPqzY8-00133-00033894-00034157 digestive issues unending food cravings
x7g7ybPqzY8-00134-00034158-00034355 fatigue skin problems physical
x7g7ybPqzY8-00135-00034356-00034624 discomfort and host of other issues I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00136-00034625-00034823 need to spread the word right now about
x7g7ybPqzY8-00137-00034824-00035015 the true cause of these health problems
x7g7ybPqzY8-00138-00035016-00035195 so the good people of this country can
x7g7ybPqzY8-00139-00035196-00035357 finally take back control of their
x7g7ybPqzY8-00140-00035358-00035602 bodies in my 40 years of experience in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00141-00035603-00035807 medicine I eventually came to this
x7g7ybPqzY8-00142-00035808-00036071 unbelievable conclusion we live in a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00143-00036072-00036251 world where doctors insurance companies
x7g7ybPqzY8-00144-00036252-00036443 and Drug makers don't provide Health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00145-00036444-00036743 Care they provide disease care waiting
x7g7ybPqzY8-00146-00036744-00036935 for us to get sick so they can charge us
x7g7ybPqzY8-00147-00036936-00037168 for pills to manage our pain and hiding
x7g7ybPqzY8-00148-00037169-00037355 from you the fact that they aren't in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00149-00037356-00037595 control of your health you are and that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00150-00037596-00037799 key to living a long healthy life is
x7g7ybPqzY8-00151-00037800-00038057 actually free and something everyone has
x7g7ybPqzY8-00152-00038058-00038302 access to and it all starts in your gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-00153-00038303-00038501 now you may have heard about the power
x7g7ybPqzY8-00154-00038502-00038705 of the gut before but I can promise you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00155-00038706-00038927 you have never heard what I'm about to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00156-00038928-00039095 share with you today this is information
x7g7ybPqzY8-00157-00039096-00039365 that I feel is going to make 2020 the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00158-00039366-00039562 year we all look back on as a major
x7g7ybPqzY8-00159-00039563-00039761 shift in the health of people around the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00160-00039762-00040001 country and hopefully the world and if
x7g7ybPqzY8-00161-00040002-00040187 you've ever suffered from digestive
x7g7ybPqzY8-00162-00040188-00040390 issues or weight gain or brain fog or
x7g7ybPqzY8-00163-00040391-00040649 fatigue or achy joints or skin problems
x7g7ybPqzY8-00164-00040650-00040955 or cravings for sweets and carbs or
x7g7ybPqzY8-00165-00040956-00041140 especially if you suffered from several
x7g7ybPqzY8-00166-00041141-00041452 or all of these things it is not your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00167-00041453-00041608 fault and I encourage you to listen
x7g7ybPqzY8-00168-00041609-00041807 closely for the next few minutes I will
x7g7ybPqzY8-00169-00041808-00042040 explain everything and the simple method
x7g7ybPqzY8-00170-00042041-00042245 I've used to help not just myself but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00171-00042246-00042437 thousands of other people who swear by
x7g7ybPqzY8-00172-00042438-00042611 the simple protocol I'm about to share
x7g7ybPqzY8-00173-00042612-00042857 with you right now again my name is Dr
x7g7ybPqzY8-00174-00042858-00043061 Stephen gundry and I'm a cardiothoracic
x7g7ybPqzY8-00175-00043062-00043223 surgeon and celebrated nutritionist
x7g7ybPqzY8-00176-00043224-00043427 living in Palm Springs and Santa Barbara
x7g7ybPqzY8-00177-00043428-00043637 California I graduated with honors from
x7g7ybPqzY8-00178-00043638-00043811 Yale University and received my medical
x7g7ybPqzY8-00179-00043812-00043961 doctorate from the Medical College of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00180-00043962-00044195 Georgia I spent 16 years as a professor
x7g7ybPqzY8-00181-00044196-00044387 of surgery in Pediatrics and chairman of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00182-00044388-00044549 cardiothoracic surgery at the world
x7g7ybPqzY8-00183-00044550-00044752 famous Loma Linda University School of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00184-00044753-00044921 Medicine along with my former partner
x7g7ybPqzY8-00185-00044922-00045124 Leonard Bailey I perform more infant and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00186-00045125-00045299 pediatric heart transplants than any
x7g7ybPqzY8-00187-00045300-00045449 other doctor in the world I'm the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00188-00045450-00045568 inventor of the gundry retrograde
x7g7ybPqzY8-00189-00045569-00045749 cardioplegia cannula one of the most
x7g7ybPqzY8-00190-00045750-00045929 widely used devices to keep the human
x7g7ybPqzY8-00191-00045930-00046162 heart alive during open heart surgery I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00192-00046163-00046349 was one of the original 20 surgeons who
x7g7ybPqzY8-00193-00046350-00046511 tested the world's first artificial
x7g7ybPqzY8-00194-00046512-00046727 heart and one of the first to use robots
x7g7ybPqzY8-00195-00046728-00046943 in surgery I've seen tens of thousands
x7g7ybPqzY8-00196-00046944-00047099 of patients with a spectrum of health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00197-00047100-00047296 issues including cardiovascular disease
x7g7ybPqzY8-00198-00047297-00047530 cancer autoimmune conditions diabetes
x7g7ybPqzY8-00199-00047531-00047729 and obesity but you may know me better
x7g7ybPqzY8-00200-00047730-00047939 from my appearances on shows such as Dr
x7g7ybPqzY8-00201-00047940-00048190 Oz or interviews on news channels Across
x7g7ybPqzY8-00202-00048191-00048418 America or my online videos on health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00203-00048419-00048652 and wellness which have over 50 million
x7g7ybPqzY8-00204-00048653-00048857 views and according to my colleagues
x7g7ybPqzY8-00205-00048858-00049157 this video is my most important video to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00206-00049158-00049355 date I'm also the personal physician for
x7g7ybPqzY8-00207-00049356-00049577 legendary self-help Guru Tony Robbins
x7g7ybPqzY8-00208-00049578-00049786 who is kind enough to recently say Dr
x7g7ybPqzY8-00209-00049787-00049985 gundry is one of America's greatest and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00210-00049986-00050177 most knowledgeable Physicians and for
x7g7ybPqzY8-00211-00050178-00050357 years I've Had The Good Fortune to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00212-00050358-00050555 benefit from his care why do Tony
x7g7ybPqzY8-00213-00050556-00050795 Robbins Fortune 500 Executives and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00214-00050796-00050974 thousands of other Americans come to me
x7g7ybPqzY8-00215-00050975-00051155 for help the answer is simple because
x7g7ybPqzY8-00216-00051156-00051335 I'm willing to tackle medical issues
x7g7ybPqzY8-00217-00051336-00051592 that nobody else can fix people come to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00218-00051594-00051761 me when they've been everywhere Harvard
x7g7ybPqzY8-00219-00051762-00052054 the Mayo Clinic Stanford UCLA and they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00220-00052055-00052264 still can't find answers because I'm not
x7g7ybPqzY8-00221-00052265-00052444 afraid to try solutions that go against
x7g7ybPqzY8-00222-00052445-00052721 the Grain in fact in my experience many
x7g7ybPqzY8-00223-00052722-00052930 health professionals are often 10 to 20
x7g7ybPqzY8-00224-00052932-00053194 years behind on the latest research and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00225-00053195-00053441 in some cases actually doing more harm
x7g7ybPqzY8-00226-00053441-00053699 than good and that's why after 16 years
x7g7ybPqzY8-00227-00053700-00053903 as chief of heart surgery I left my
x7g7ybPqzY8-00228-00053904-00054071 position at Loma Linda University School
x7g7ybPqzY8-00229-00054072-00054316 of Medicine why did I do it why would a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00230-00054317-00054509 successful doctor leave a prestigious
x7g7ybPqzY8-00231-00054510-00054713 career and turn his back on conventional
x7g7ybPqzY8-00232-00054714-00054971 medicine well the reason may shock you I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00233-00054972-00055144 realize that much of what I had learned
x7g7ybPqzY8-00234-00055145-00055349 much of what we were telling patients
x7g7ybPqzY8-00235-00055350-00055703 was flat out wrong specifically my
x7g7ybPqzY8-00236-00055704-00055853 research showed that many of the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00237-00055854-00056044 conditions I was treating weight gain
x7g7ybPqzY8-00238-00056045-00056285 poor circulation deteriorating Health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00239-00056286-00056549 heart issues even mental decline they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00240-00056550-00056765 were all starting in a place nobody was
x7g7ybPqzY8-00241-00056766-00057059 talking about the gut my first hint that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00242-00057060-00057209 our intestinal tracts were far more
x7g7ybPqzY8-00243-00057210-00057359 important than people thought actually
x7g7ybPqzY8-00244-00057360-00057538 came when I was performing heart surgery
x7g7ybPqzY8-00245-00057539-00057779 back in the 1980s back then I used to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00246-00057779-00057904 see a lot of people with plaque
x7g7ybPqzY8-00247-00057905-00058054 blockages in their arteries from years
x7g7ybPqzY8-00248-00058055-00058282 of smoking cigarettes but usually when
x7g7ybPqzY8-00249-00058283-00058487 we were bypassing the blockage the rest
x7g7ybPqzY8-00250-00058488-00058666 of a smoker's arteries were perfectly
x7g7ybPqzY8-00251-00058667-00058937 clean but as the years went by I started
x7g7ybPqzY8-00252-00058938-00059087 seeing fewer smokers and more people
x7g7ybPqzY8-00253-00059088-00059326 with diabetes High insulin levels and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00254-00059327-00059579 obesity which as you may know are all
x7g7ybPqzY8-00255-00059579-00059842 correlated with poor gut health when we
x7g7ybPqzY8-00256-00059844-00059999 performed heart surgery on these people
x7g7ybPqzY8-00257-00060000-00060203 it was far worse than the smokers
x7g7ybPqzY8-00258-00060204-00060419 arteries their arteries were riddled
x7g7ybPqzY8-00259-00060420-00060611 with plaque blockages we could barely
x7g7ybPqzY8-00260-00060612-00060815 find a blood vessel that was healthy the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00261-00060816-00061019 surgeries while successful became far
x7g7ybPqzY8-00262-00061020-00061192 more difficult I couldn't believe it
x7g7ybPqzY8-00263-00061194-00061391 literally people who had smoked
x7g7ybPqzY8-00264-00061391-00061619 cigarettes every day of their lives had
x7g7ybPqzY8-00265-00061620-00061799 healthier Hearts than people who were
x7g7ybPqzY8-00266-00061800-00061961 suffering from conditions associated
x7g7ybPqzY8-00267-00061962-00062200 with an unhealthy GI tract if you're
x7g7ybPqzY8-00268-00062201-00062387 shocked to hear that poor gut health can
x7g7ybPqzY8-00269-00062388-00062542 actually be worse for you than a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00270-00062544-00062741 lifetime of smoking cigarettes believe
x7g7ybPqzY8-00271-00062741-00063023 me I was shocked too so I began
x7g7ybPqzY8-00272-00063024-00063203 dedicating all of my research to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00273-00063204-00063341 learning everything I could about
x7g7ybPqzY8-00274-00063341-00063592 intestinal Health we all knew that poor
x7g7ybPqzY8-00275-00063594-00063719 intestinal Health could lead to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00276-00063720-00063911 digestive discomfort constipation
x7g7ybPqzY8-00277-00063912-00064199 irritable bowels and heartburn but how
x7g7ybPqzY8-00278-00064200-00064397 could a malfunctioning gut lead to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00279-00064398-00064588 problems with with your skin your weight
x7g7ybPqzY8-00280-00064589-00064853 your energy your joint your heart and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00281-00064854-00065104 even your brain back then nobody was
x7g7ybPqzY8-00282-00065105-00065326 asking the question but today thanks to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00283-00065327-00065519 years of research we finally have the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00284-00065520-00065741 answer you see our GI tracts are very
x7g7ybPqzY8-00285-00065742-00065885 long in fact if you stretch your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00286-00065886-00066076 intestines out they'd have more surface
x7g7ybPqzY8-00287-00066077-00066335 area than an entire tennis court but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00288-00066336-00066550 they're also very thin the lining of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00289-00066551-00066761 your intestines is actually just one
x7g7ybPqzY8-00290-00066762-00066965 cell thick which is basically the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00291-00066966-00067150 thinnest thing that you can imagine the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00292-00067151-00067306 gut walls need to be this thin because
x7g7ybPqzY8-00293-00067307-00067553 they act like high-tech sponges sucking
x7g7ybPqzY8-00294-00067554-00067715 up all the nutrients and vitamins from
x7g7ybPqzY8-00295-00067716-00067882 the food you eat and sending the good
x7g7ybPqzY8-00296-00067883-00068044 stuff throughout your body what's left
x7g7ybPqzY8-00297-00068045-00068273 over becomes food for your gut bacteria
x7g7ybPqzY8-00298-00068274-00068519 which we refer to as your microbiome
x7g7ybPqzY8-00299-00068520-00068741 they grow and make more bacteria and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00300-00068742-00068926 what you deposit in the toilet as poop
x7g7ybPqzY8-00301-00068927-00069269 is well mostly loads of living and dead
x7g7ybPqzY8-00302-00069270-00069485 bacteria so in short this is how your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00303-00069486-00069725 gut works you eat food your intestinal
x7g7ybPqzY8-00304-00069726-00069905 walls absorb the good stuff from the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00305-00069906-00070138 food and what's left over gets eaten by
x7g7ybPqzY8-00306-00070139-00070319 your microbiome which you then get rid
x7g7ybPqzY8-00307-00070320-00070511 of when you go to the bathroom and when
x7g7ybPqzY8-00308-00070512-00070721 your gut is healthy these gut walls do
x7g7ybPqzY8-00309-00070722-00070937 their job great turning food into energy
x7g7ybPqzY8-00310-00070938-00071141 and getting rid of the poop smoothly and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00311-00071142-00071344 cleanly like a brand new drain pipe in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00312-00071345-00071488 your bathroom but here's the problem
x7g7ybPqzY8-00313-00071489-00071771 because these gut walls are so thin they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00314-00071772-00071944 can sometimes tear and certain things
x7g7ybPqzY8-00315-00071945-00072221 are especially good at causing tears the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00316-00072222-00072412 worst of these are called lectins
x7g7ybPqzY8-00317-00072413-00072688 lectins are sharp nasty little proteins
x7g7ybPqzY8-00318-00072689-00072881 found in certain kinds of food remember
x7g7ybPqzY8-00319-00072882-00073049 when I told you that whole grain bread
x7g7ybPqzY8-00320-00073050-00073282 is terrible for you that's because those
x7g7ybPqzY8-00321-00073283-00073565 whole wheat grains contain lectins the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00322-00073566-00073781 lectins are in those dark brown husks of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00323-00073782-00073943 the grain seeds you can actually imagine
x7g7ybPqzY8-00324-00073944-00074129 them looking like smaller versions of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00325-00074130-00074338 those pointy Little Seeds these sharp
x7g7ybPqzY8-00326-00074339-00074549 microscopic lectins are also in the skin
x7g7ybPqzY8-00327-00074550-00074759 of several kinds of vegetables including
x7g7ybPqzY8-00328-00074760-00074999 Tomatoes eggplants and red bell peppers
x7g7ybPqzY8-00329-00075000-00075197 and when these sharp lectins get into
x7g7ybPqzY8-00330-00075198-00075485 your gut watch out because they tear the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00331-00075486-00075682 lining of your gut walls creating small
x7g7ybPqzY8-00332-00075683-00075947 holes so if you have to eat bread I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00333-00075948-00076187 recommend white sourdough Which is far
x7g7ybPqzY8-00334-00076188-00076349 fewer lectins than whole wheat
x7g7ybPqzY8-00335-00076350-00076535 Alternatives speak speaking of lectins
x7g7ybPqzY8-00336-00076536-00076709 think back to your bathroom now imagine
x7g7ybPqzY8-00337-00076710-00076949 if you started flushing sharp rusty
x7g7ybPqzY8-00338-00076950-00077123 nails down the toilet maybe you could
x7g7ybPqzY8-00339-00077124-00077326 flush one or two and be okay but if you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00340-00077327-00077555 flushed handfuls of rusty nails for days
x7g7ybPqzY8-00341-00077556-00077776 or weeks after a while they would scrape
x7g7ybPqzY8-00342-00077777-00077981 little holes in your pipes pretty soon
x7g7ybPqzY8-00343-00077982-00078191 little bits of dirty sewage would start
x7g7ybPqzY8-00344-00078192-00078400 leaking out of the pipe into your walls
x7g7ybPqzY8-00345-00078401-00078623 your floors even your House's Foundation
x7g7ybPqzY8-00346-00078624-00078875 I know this sounds pretty gross but you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00347-00078876-00079019 need to hear it because unfortunately
x7g7ybPqzY8-00348-00079020-00079312 this is what can happen in your GI tract
x7g7ybPqzY8-00349-00079313-00079493 this is what I in a growing number of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00350-00079494-00079709 experts now refer to as leaky gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-00351-00079710-00079973 lectins and other bad guys tearing holes
x7g7ybPqzY8-00352-00079974-00080171 in your gut lining allowing tiny
x7g7ybPqzY8-00353-00080172-00080393 particles of poop to leak out into your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00354-00080394-00080585 bloodstream and once this happens you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00355-00080586-00080806 can start to see why leaky gut can cause
x7g7ybPqzY8-00356-00080807-00081017 so many health problems once they get
x7g7ybPqzY8-00357-00081018-00081179 into your bloodstream these dirty
x7g7ybPqzY8-00358-00081180-00081376 particles storm across your entire body
x7g7ybPqzY8-00359-00081377-00081605 like an invading horde if these toxins
x7g7ybPqzY8-00360-00081606-00081755 get into your joints they can cause
x7g7ybPqzY8-00361-00081756-00081947 aches and pain if they get into your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00362-00081948-00082144 skin they can cause itchiness redness
x7g7ybPqzY8-00363-00082145-00082367 acne and rashes if they get into your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00364-00082368-00082571 upper GI tract they can cause heartburn
x7g7ybPqzY8-00365-00082572-00082768 and indigestion if they get into your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00366-00082769-00082943 heart tissue they can cause the kind of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00367-00082944-00083135 deadly health issues I spent my entire
x7g7ybPqzY8-00368-00083136-00083356 career trying to prevent including heart
x7g7ybPqzY8-00369-00083357-00083573 disease and even death and do you know
x7g7ybPqzY8-00370-00083574-00083800 the worst part to your brain all of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00371-00083801-00083993 these terrible things are perceived as a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00372-00083994-00084232 tax on your body the same as if you have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00373-00084233-00084515 a virus so your brain goes on high alert
x7g7ybPqzY8-00374-00084516-00084725 to Threat Level red to stop these
x7g7ybPqzY8-00375-00084726-00084899 attacks sending white blood cells to fix
x7g7ybPqzY8-00376-00084900-00085121 the problem which it can do for a while
x7g7ybPqzY8-00377-00085122-00085318 but your brain just can't stay on Threat
x7g7ybPqzY8-00378-00085319-00085606 Level red all day every day pretty soon
x7g7ybPqzY8-00379-00085607-00085823 the cells that protect your brain from
x7g7ybPqzY8-00380-00085824-00086075 Attack start to wear down and when these
x7g7ybPqzY8-00381-00086076-00086267 glial cells in your brain are strained
x7g7ybPqzY8-00382-00086268-00086506 too hard they actually cause your brain
x7g7ybPqzY8-00383-00086507-00086711 cells to die I probably don't have to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00384-00086712-00086915 tell you what happens when brain cells
x7g7ybPqzY8-00385-00086916-00087179 start to die headaches brain fog and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00386-00087180-00087365 losing your mental sharpness are just
x7g7ybPqzY8-00387-00087366-00087581 the first signs of damage but if these
x7g7ybPqzY8-00388-00087582-00087755 toxins are left to Rampage through your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00389-00087756-00087988 body for months or even years the damage
x7g7ybPqzY8-00390-00087989-00088259 can be far far worse if the thought of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00391-00088260-00088438 these health issues keep you up at night
x7g7ybPqzY8-00392-00088439-00088685 believe me I'm right there with you so
x7g7ybPqzY8-00393-00088686-00088871 you can see why I now say leaky gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-00394-00088872-00089075 isn't just some small issue that causes
x7g7ybPqzY8-00395-00089076-00089315 digestive discomfort in my opinion it's
x7g7ybPqzY8-00396-00089316-00089537 actually a root cause of many many of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00397-00089538-00089723 the issues that plague us both physical
x7g7ybPqzY8-00398-00089724-00089938 and mental now you may be wondering
x7g7ybPqzY8-00399-00089939-00090112 something about lectins how can
x7g7ybPqzY8-00400-00090113-00090311 something supposedly healthy like a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00401-00090312-00090538 tomato be so bad for me after all
x7g7ybPqzY8-00402-00090539-00090706 haven't humans been eating these foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-00403-00090707-00090953 for our entire history actually this is
x7g7ybPqzY8-00404-00090954-00091187 another myth your ancestors didn't eat
x7g7ybPqzY8-00405-00091188-00091415 any of these so-called Health Foods you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00406-00091416-00091618 see Tomatoes bell peppers and eggplants
x7g7ybPqzY8-00407-00091619-00091721 weren't introduced to Western
x7g7ybPqzY8-00408-00091722-00092021 civilization until 1492 when Christopher
x7g7ybPqzY8-00409-00092022-00092171 Columbus discovered them in the new
x7g7ybPqzY8-00410-00092172-00092321 world and brought them back to Europe
x7g7ybPqzY8-00411-00092322-00092591 that's right before Columbus nobody in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00412-00092592-00092837 Italy had ever had tomato sauce eggplant
x7g7ybPqzY8-00413-00092838-00093131 Parmesan or a single slice of pizza of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00414-00093132-00093317 course Columbus had no idea these Foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-00415-00093318-00093503 were packed with lectins or the impact
x7g7ybPqzY8-00416-00093504-00093700 they could have on our GI tracts which
x7g7ybPqzY8-00417-00093701-00093868 had never been exposed to the foreign
x7g7ybPqzY8-00418-00093869-00094073 Foods before now in the case of whole
x7g7ybPqzY8-00419-00094074-00094253 grain wheat humans in general have been
x7g7ybPqzY8-00420-00094254-00094432 eating it a while longer since farming
x7g7ybPqzY8-00421-00094433-00094649 began about ten thousand years ago but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00422-00094650-00094865 even then most societies historically
x7g7ybPqzY8-00423-00094866-00095099 removed the dark wheat husk and instead
x7g7ybPqzY8-00424-00095100-00095291 ate white bread which is not a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00425-00095292-00095459 coincidence because it's in the dark
x7g7ybPqzY8-00426-00095460-00095662 husk that gut destroying lectins are
x7g7ybPqzY8-00427-00095663-00095861 contained this is also why everyone in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00428-00095862-00096047 Asia who have been eating rice for
x7g7ybPqzY8-00429-00096048-00096244 thousands of years prefer to eat white
x7g7ybPqzY8-00430-00096245-00096538 rice not brown however since about 1970
x7g7ybPqzY8-00431-00096539-00096785 the use of supposedly healthy brown rice
x7g7ybPqzY8-00432-00096786-00097006 and whole wheat Breads and pastas have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00433-00097007-00097235 skyrocketed in our society thanks to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00434-00097236-00097421 successful marketing campaigns to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00435-00097422-00097637 Rebrand these things as healthy with
x7g7ybPqzY8-00436-00097638-00097847 virtually no evidence I might add do you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00437-00097848-00098032 know what else has happened since 1970
x7g7ybPqzY8-00438-00098033-00098273 the obesity rate has more than tripled
x7g7ybPqzY8-00439-00098274-00098573 the diabetes rate has skyrocketed 800
x7g7ybPqzY8-00440-00098574-00098806 percent an astounding 70 percent of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00441-00098807-00098999 Americans are now considered overweight
x7g7ybPqzY8-00442-00099000-00099311 or obese and I was one of them as a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00443-00099312-00099479 heart surgeon I simply couldn't get my
x7g7ybPqzY8-00444-00099480-00099665 mind around it how could Americans with
x7g7ybPqzY8-00445-00099666-00099826 the best medical technology in the world
x7g7ybPqzY8-00446-00099827-00100049 the richest economy a gym on every
x7g7ybPqzY8-00447-00100050-00100253 corner and an abundance of Health Foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-00448-00100254-00100535 on every grocery store aisle be this
x7g7ybPqzY8-00449-00100536-00100750 sick and getting worse every year well
x7g7ybPqzY8-00450-00100751-00100997 believe me there is an answer and there
x7g7ybPqzY8-00451-00100998-00101218 is a way to lose that weight restore
x7g7ybPqzY8-00452-00101219-00101423 your energy and fix the nagging health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00453-00101424-00101597 problems that are robbing you of your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00454-00101598-00101831 joy a way to look and feel fantastic
x7g7ybPqzY8-00455-00101832-00102053 again the way you should and it all
x7g7ybPqzY8-00456-00102054-00102335 starts in your gut okay on to the good
x7g7ybPqzY8-00457-00102336-00102539 news once I realize the importance of a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00458-00102540-00102713 healthy gut I began to look at sickness
x7g7ybPqzY8-00459-00102714-00102916 in a completely different way I was
x7g7ybPqzY8-00460-00102917-00103127 convinced that by unlocking the secrets
x7g7ybPqzY8-00461-00103128-00103336 of a renewed gut we could find a sort of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00462-00103338-00103589 master key to Better Health and a longer
x7g7ybPqzY8-00463-00103590-00103744 happier life and perhaps the most
x7g7ybPqzY8-00464-00103745-00103901 important piece of the puzzle came when
x7g7ybPqzY8-00465-00103902-00104128 I began studying what researchers refer
x7g7ybPqzY8-00466-00104129-00104392 to as the blue zones a blue zone is a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00467-00104393-00104542 nickname for the seven places in the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00468-00104543-00104710 world that contain the most centenarians
x7g7ybPqzY8-00469-00104711-00104963 people over 100 years old of anywhere in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00470-00104964-00105125 the world in these specific places
x7g7ybPqzY8-00471-00105126-00105395 people not only live to be over 100 but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00472-00105396-00105604 they are routinely healthier more mobile
x7g7ybPqzY8-00473-00105605-00105833 and active look younger and have fewer
x7g7ybPqzY8-00474-00105833-00106007 wrinkles and have dramatically lower
x7g7ybPqzY8-00475-00106008-00106204 incidence of disease than everywhere
x7g7ybPqzY8-00476-00106205-00106402 else on Earth these locations are the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00477-00106403-00106565 attack Italian island of Sardinia
x7g7ybPqzY8-00478-00106566-00106793 Okinawa Japan Loma Linda California
x7g7ybPqzY8-00479-00106794-00106978 where I once lived and worked as a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00480-00106979-00107152 professor at Loma Linda University the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00481-00107153-00107375 nicoya peninsula of Costa Rica the Greek
x7g7ybPqzY8-00482-00107376-00107597 island of icaria the catavans and Papaw
x7g7ybPqzY8-00483-00107598-00107813 New Guinea and the residents of achiroi
x7g7ybPqzY8-00484-00107814-00108034 a small town south of Naples Italy as
x7g7ybPqzY8-00485-00108035-00108173 you can imagine researchers have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00486-00108174-00108316 recently become very interested in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00487-00108317-00108466 studying these places and figuring out
x7g7ybPqzY8-00488-00108467-00108652 the source of their incredible longevity
x7g7ybPqzY8-00489-00108653-00108833 you might think researchers discovered
x7g7ybPqzY8-00490-00108833-00109007 these people are all eating the same
x7g7ybPqzY8-00491-00109008-00109216 diet or living similar Lifestyles
x7g7ybPqzY8-00492-00109217-00109463 actually the opposite is true just look
x7g7ybPqzY8-00493-00109464-00109660 at the differences the achirolis eat
x7g7ybPqzY8-00494-00109661-00109865 fish and anchovies huge amounts of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00495-00109866-00110075 Rosemary and olive oil drink a lot of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00496-00110076-00110363 wine and eat no bread or pasta okay so
x7g7ybPqzY8-00497-00110364-00110584 fish is good and bread is bad right well
x7g7ybPqzY8-00498-00110585-00110795 the sardinians with extreme longevity
x7g7ybPqzY8-00499-00110796-00110963 live in the mountains so they eat no
x7g7ybPqzY8-00500-00110964-00111149 fish but they have goat cheese and goat
x7g7ybPqzY8-00501-00111150-00111407 meat and actually eat lots of bread now
x7g7ybPqzY8-00502-00111408-00111616 the nicoyan don't have fish or bread
x7g7ybPqzY8-00503-00111617-00111833 their Staples include corn tortillas
x7g7ybPqzY8-00504-00111833-00112054 beans and rice The Seventh-Day Adventist
x7g7ybPqzY8-00505-00112055-00112223 in Loma Linda eat a lot of nuts and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00506-00112224-00112415 soybeans and the majority of Seventh-Day
x7g7ybPqzY8-00507-00112416-00112649 Venice or vegetarians or vegans and have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00508-00112650-00112816 very Healthy Lifestyles on the other
x7g7ybPqzY8-00509-00112817-00113033 hand the catawban smoked tobacco-like
x7g7ybPqzY8-00510-00113033-00113278 fiends and eat huge amounts of taro root
x7g7ybPqzY8-00511-00113279-00113495 which is a carb and coconut which is a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00512-00113496-00113728 saturated fat yet they are very skinny
x7g7ybPqzY8-00513-00113729-00113915 have never had a documented heart attack
x7g7ybPqzY8-00514-00113916-00114154 or stroke and regularly live into their
x7g7ybPqzY8-00515-00114155-00114413 90s without medical care I might add you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00516-00114414-00114610 can see why researchers have no idea
x7g7ybPqzY8-00517-00114611-00114797 what makes these people live so long
x7g7ybPqzY8-00518-00114798-00115001 they couldn't be more different from
x7g7ybPqzY8-00519-00115002-00115181 each other but I was surprised to learn
x7g7ybPqzY8-00520-00115182-00115366 that of all the research people had done
x7g7ybPqzY8-00521-00115367-00115577 on Blue Zone Lifestyles nobody had
x7g7ybPqzY8-00522-00115578-00115786 studied one important area that's right
x7g7ybPqzY8-00523-00115788-00116033 their gut health you see my own research
x7g7ybPqzY8-00524-00116033-00116183 and that of others has shown that gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-00525-00116183-00116386 health is correlated with long life in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00526-00116388-00116590 2017 my colleagues at King's College
x7g7ybPqzY8-00527-00116591-00116765 London discovered the people with
x7g7ybPqzY8-00528-00116766-00116963 Alzheimer's disease showed significant
x7g7ybPqzY8-00529-00116964-00117166 amounts of bad bacteria in their guts
x7g7ybPqzY8-00530-00117167-00117352 and that it might actually be the bad
x7g7ybPqzY8-00531-00117353-00117593 bacteria causing the brain problems not
x7g7ybPqzY8-00532-00117594-00117760 the other way around and in one of the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00533-00117761-00117940 largest human gut studies of all time
x7g7ybPqzY8-00534-00117941-00118157 over one thousand healthy people from
x7g7ybPqzY8-00535-00118158-00118366 China were analyzed by researchers at
x7g7ybPqzY8-00536-00118367-00118565 Western Union diversity in Canada this
x7g7ybPqzY8-00537-00118566-00118739 included young people middle-aged people
x7g7ybPqzY8-00538-00118740-00118949 elderly people including a group of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00539-00118950-00119201 super agers who were over 90 but still
x7g7ybPqzY8-00540-00119202-00119410 in fantastic Health what the researchers
x7g7ybPqzY8-00541-00119411-00119602 found in the guts of these super agers
x7g7ybPqzY8-00542-00119603-00119843 was shocking according to Dr Greg glor
x7g7ybPqzY8-00543-00119844-00120004 the lead investigator the main
x7g7ybPqzY8-00544-00120005-00120149 conclusion is that if you are
x7g7ybPqzY8-00545-00120150-00120371 ridiculously healthy and 90 years old
x7g7ybPqzY8-00546-00120372-00120628 your gut microbiota is not that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00547-00120629-00120845 different from a healthy 30 year old in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00548-00120846-00121066 the same population that's right the 90
x7g7ybPqzY8-00549-00121067-00121283 year old secret wasn't just good genes
x7g7ybPqzY8-00550-00121283-00121523 or surgeries to make them look young it
x7g7ybPqzY8-00551-00121524-00121828 was that their guts were young now back
x7g7ybPqzY8-00552-00121829-00121960 to the people living in the blue zones
x7g7ybPqzY8-00553-00121961-00122177 when I look closely at their Lifestyles
x7g7ybPqzY8-00554-00122178-00122363 and compared it to my own research on
x7g7ybPqzY8-00555-00122364-00122536 gut health I began to notice something
x7g7ybPqzY8-00556-00122538-00122789 that nobody else had seen firstly many
x7g7ybPqzY8-00557-00122790-00122975 of these cultures eat foods that contain
x7g7ybPqzY8-00558-00122976-00123227 lectins which in theory can and does
x7g7ybPqzY8-00559-00123228-00123460 damage their gut walls but when I study
x7g7ybPqzY8-00560-00123461-00123593 their diets I found something
x7g7ybPqzY8-00561-00123594-00123863 extraordinary each culture also eats
x7g7ybPqzY8-00562-00123864-00124102 specific foods that seem to counteract
x7g7ybPqzY8-00563-00124103-00124331 the bad effects from lectins let me
x7g7ybPqzY8-00564-00124332-00124510 repeat this because it's very important
x7g7ybPqzY8-00565-00124511-00124751 foods with lectins tear holes in our gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-00566-00124752-00125027 and destroy our health but other Foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-00567-00125028-00125195 exist that can help you naturally
x7g7ybPqzY8-00568-00125196-00125483 reverse the damage by actually repairing
x7g7ybPqzY8-00569-00125483-00125693 the gut even more amazing it's not the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00570-00125694-00125908 foods themselves that do it these Foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-00571-00125909-00126136 feed certain bacteria so they can make a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00572-00126138-00126316 compound that helps your body naturally
x7g7ybPqzY8-00573-00126317-00126569 repair itself and the repairman in your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00574-00126570-00126760 gut is an incredible compound called
x7g7ybPqzY8-00575-00126761-00127049 butyrate butyrate is a short chain fatty
x7g7ybPqzY8-00576-00127050-00127193 acid it's one of the most important
x7g7ybPqzY8-00577-00127194-00127414 substances in your entire body in your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00578-00127415-00127649 gut this superhero is in charge of many
x7g7ybPqzY8-00579-00127650-00127847 things it's the main source of energy
x7g7ybPqzY8-00580-00127848-00128069 for your gut fueling all those cells
x7g7ybPqzY8-00581-00128070-00128290 that line your intestines it neutralizes
x7g7ybPqzY8-00582-00128291-00128513 inflammatory enzymes meaning it soothes
x7g7ybPqzY8-00583-00128514-00128669 the gut walls it's a powerful
x7g7ybPqzY8-00584-00128670-00128890 antioxidant meaning it helps reduce the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00585-00128891-00129107 stress on your cells and it's the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00586-00129108-00129334 preferred fuel for your brain and our
x7g7ybPqzY8-00587-00129335-00129551 mitochondria whose job is to manufacture
x7g7ybPqzY8-00588-00129552-00129760 energy in every one of your cells but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00589-00129761-00129952 most important of all butyrate helps
x7g7ybPqzY8-00590-00129953-00130157 strengthen the cells in your gut lining
x7g7ybPqzY8-00591-00130158-00130343 by nourishing your gut lining it
x7g7ybPqzY8-00592-00130344-00130481 basically is tight tightening the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00593-00130482-00130654 Junctions that connect every cell of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00594-00130655-00130840 your gut walls so if the walls have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00595-00130841-00131093 holes or leaks butyrate comes by like a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00596-00131094-00131285 repairman and helps your cells patch up
x7g7ybPqzY8-00597-00131286-00131507 the holes in fact butyrate also supports
x7g7ybPqzY8-00598-00131508-00131693 the mucosal lining of your gut which is
x7g7ybPqzY8-00599-00131694-00131854 the protective barrier that keeps the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00600-00131855-00132059 wall safe and your digestion working
x7g7ybPqzY8-00601-00132060-00132257 right if your gut was a broken deck
x7g7ybPqzY8-00602-00132258-00132419 butyrate doesn't just help patch the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00603-00132420-00132623 holes it throws in a few coats of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00604-00132624-00132809 weather sealant on top so that's what
x7g7ybPqzY8-00605-00132810-00133007 butyrate does on a scientific level but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00606-00133008-00133181 what does all that mean for you well
x7g7ybPqzY8-00607-00133182-00133337 when you get into the human studies on
x7g7ybPqzY8-00608-00133338-00133487 the effects of butyrate you quickly
x7g7ybPqzY8-00609-00133488-00133673 realize how incredible compound this is
x7g7ybPqzY8-00610-00133674-00133877 and the profound connection it can have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00611-00133878-00134081 to your weight your digestion and your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00612-00134082-00134363 overall health in a landmark 2015 study
x7g7ybPqzY8-00613-00134364-00134645 in Spain 113 people with digestive
x7g7ybPqzY8-00614-00134646-00134866 discomfort constipation diarrhea and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00615-00134867-00135052 bloating had their gut health compared
x7g7ybPqzY8-00616-00135053-00135287 to 66 healthy controls the people
x7g7ybPqzY8-00617-00135288-00135533 suffering from digestive issues all had
x7g7ybPqzY8-00618-00135534-00135731 significantly lower levels of butyrate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00619-00135732-00135923 and the people without digestive issues
x7g7ybPqzY8-00620-00135924-00136211 had very high levels of butyric butyrate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00621-00136212-00136390 was the difference between a healthy and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00622-00136391-00136607 unhealthy gut this confirms a separate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00623-00136608-00136721 study either the University of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00624-00136722-00136919 Pennsylvania that linked butyrate with a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00625-00136920-00137116 reduction of diarrhea not surprisingly
x7g7ybPqzY8-00626-00137117-00137297 another study found that supplementing
x7g7ybPqzY8-00627-00137298-00137501 people who suffer from bowel issues not
x7g7ybPqzY8-00628-00137502-00137693 only provided a significant Improvement
x7g7ybPqzY8-00629-00137694-00137861 it worked for a hundred percent of the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00630-00137862-00138161 study participants yes 100 but it
x7g7ybPqzY8-00631-00138162-00138352 doesn't end there butery can also
x7g7ybPqzY8-00632-00138353-00138604 support brain health in fact a 2011
x7g7ybPqzY8-00633-00138605-00138839 study in Germany showed butery could
x7g7ybPqzY8-00634-00138840-00139054 even provide mental benefits to aging
x7g7ybPqzY8-00635-00139055-00139295 mice even better butyrate can help
x7g7ybPqzY8-00636-00139296-00139504 manage blood sugar levels already within
x7g7ybPqzY8-00637-00139505-00139673 the normal range so if you're someone
x7g7ybPqzY8-00638-00139674-00139816 who likes to keep an eye on your blood
x7g7ybPqzY8-00639-00139817-00140104 sugar butyrate is a godsend butyrate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00640-00140105-00140339 also produces legendary ketones in the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00641-00140340-00140531 liver which is not only great for Liver
x7g7ybPqzY8-00642-00140532-00140740 Health it's an important aspect of many
x7g7ybPqzY8-00643-00140741-00140963 diets for instance you may have heard of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00644-00140964-00141137 the keto diet before where people give
x7g7ybPqzY8-00645-00141138-00141419 up 100 of their carbs why do they do
x7g7ybPqzY8-00646-00141420-00141599 this because when they do their body
x7g7ybPqzY8-00647-00141600-00141761 goes into overdrive producing ketones
x7g7ybPqzY8-00648-00141762-00142007 helping them lose weight well butyrate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00649-00142008-00142223 produces ketones all on its own without
x7g7ybPqzY8-00650-00142224-00142481 giving up carbs and speaking weight loss
x7g7ybPqzY8-00651-00142482-00142661 let's get into some really interesting
x7g7ybPqzY8-00652-00142662-00142871 aspects of butyrate everyone knows that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00653-00142872-00143087 exercise is healthy but recent Studies
x7g7ybPqzY8-00654-00143088-00143225 have now shown that when animals
x7g7ybPqzY8-00655-00143226-00143423 exercise one of the main things they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00656-00143424-00143711 produce is you guessed it butyrate in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00657-00143712-00143933 the gut so having improved butyrate in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00658-00143934-00144095 your gut means you have the gut of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00659-00144096-00144352 someone who exercises a lot whether you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00660-00144353-00144616 actually exercise or not weight loss
x7g7ybPqzY8-00661-00144617-00144911 more energy reduced food cravings Liver
x7g7ybPqzY8-00662-00144912-00145121 Health brain health saying goodbye to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00663-00145122-00145343 bloating constipation or other digestive
x7g7ybPqzY8-00664-00145344-00145564 discomfort if it sounds incredible that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00665-00145565-00145733 all of this is associated with more
x7g7ybPqzY8-00666-00145734-00145966 butyrate in your gut believe me it is
x7g7ybPqzY8-00667-00145967-00146128 but it's not surprising when you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00668-00146129-00146285 remember what's happening in the average
x7g7ybPqzY8-00669-00146286-00146483 American's body we've been eating things
x7g7ybPqzY8-00670-00146484-00146645 that tear holes in our gut walls
x7g7ybPqzY8-00671-00146646-00146861 including not just lectins but also
x7g7ybPqzY8-00672-00146862-00147125 processed foods sugars and various fake
x7g7ybPqzY8-00673-00147126-00147323 health foods not to mention commonplace
x7g7ybPqzY8-00674-00147324-00147563 toxins that surround us like glyphosate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00675-00147564-00147754 the active ingredient in Roundup that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00676-00147755-00147989 tears holes in our guts and lets waste
x7g7ybPqzY8-00677-00147990-00148175 leak into our bodies and we consume
x7g7ybPqzY8-00678-00148176-00148378 antibiotics far too often even though
x7g7ybPqzY8-00679-00148379-00148547 studies show every broad spectrum
x7g7ybPqzY8-00680-00148548-00148775 antibiotic you take damages your gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-00681-00148776-00148978 health for a staggering two full years
x7g7ybPqzY8-00682-00148979-00149195 when your gut is weak these toxins
x7g7ybPqzY8-00683-00149196-00149399 create havoc on our health storming
x7g7ybPqzY8-00684-00149400-00149626 across our body butyrate helps us fix
x7g7ybPqzY8-00685-00149627-00149849 the holes it soothes the gut walls and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00686-00149850-00150040 the more you have of it odds are the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00687-00150041-00150239 better you're going to be I can tell you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00688-00150240-00150490 both as a doctor and my own patient I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00689-00150491-00150731 now consider butyrate to be one of if
x7g7ybPqzY8-00690-00150732-00150971 not the most important Health boosters
x7g7ybPqzY8-00691-00150972-00151193 in the human body in fact there's almost
x7g7ybPqzY8-00692-00151194-00151426 no aspect of your health even your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00693-00151427-00151678 longevity itself that butyrate doesn't
x7g7ybPqzY8-00694-00151679-00151961 play a massive role in okay so how do we
x7g7ybPqzY8-00695-00151962-00152207 get more butyrate well butyrate is made
x7g7ybPqzY8-00696-00152208-00152404 inside you and it requires two things
x7g7ybPqzY8-00697-00152405-00152602 the first thing you need is good
x7g7ybPqzY8-00698-00152603-00152807 bacteria in your gut you may have heard
x7g7ybPqzY8-00699-00152808-00152987 of these good bacteria before they're
x7g7ybPqzY8-00700-00152988-00153209 called probiotics as you may know your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00701-00153210-00153389 body contains trillions of bacteria
x7g7ybPqzY8-00702-00153390-00153599 there's actually 10 bacteria cells in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00703-00153600-00153851 your body for every one human cell in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00704-00153852-00154007 fact you have about four to six pounds
x7g7ybPqzY8-00705-00154008-00154235 of bacteria inside you right now don't
x7g7ybPqzY8-00706-00154236-00154469 be grossed out this isn't bad in fact
x7g7ybPqzY8-00707-00154470-00154673 without all that bacteria you would
x7g7ybPqzY8-00708-00154674-00154907 actually die according to Dr Leta
x7g7ybPqzY8-00709-00154908-00155045 Proctor of the United States National
x7g7ybPqzY8-00710-00155046-00155261 Institutes of Health humans don't have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00711-00155262-00155440 all the enzymes we need to digest our
x7g7ybPqzY8-00712-00155441-00155645 own diet microbes in the gut break down
x7g7ybPqzY8-00713-00155646-00155801 many of the proteins lipids and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00714-00155802-00155993 carbohydrates in our diet into nutrients
x7g7ybPqzY8-00715-00155994-00156190 that we can then absorb moreover the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00716-00156191-00156389 microbes produce beneficial compounds
x7g7ybPqzY8-00717-00156390-00156575 like vitamins and anti-inflammatories
x7g7ybPqzY8-00718-00156576-00156826 that our genome cannot produce these
x7g7ybPqzY8-00719-00156827-00156976 beneficial bacteria which we call
x7g7ybPqzY8-00720-00156977-00157187 probiotics are vital to human health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00721-00157188-00157402 damaging the probiotics in your gut has
x7g7ybPqzY8-00722-00157403-00157589 been shown in countless studies to have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00723-00157590-00157787 negative effects on your body according
x7g7ybPqzY8-00724-00157788-00158014 to new data collected in 2016 by
x7g7ybPqzY8-00725-00158015-00158171 researchers at Harvard Medical School
x7g7ybPqzY8-00726-00158172-00158459 imbalances in the gut microbiome if left
x7g7ybPqzY8-00727-00158460-00158669 unchecked can lead to all of the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00728-00158670-00158854 following irritable bowel syndrome
x7g7ybPqzY8-00729-00158855-00159083 including diarrhea cramping constipation
x7g7ybPqzY8-00730-00159084-00159311 and fatigue because gut microbes are
x7g7ybPqzY8-00731-00159312-00159502 vital to digestion in our intestines
x7g7ybPqzY8-00732-00159503-00159749 weight gain due to a lack of probiotics
x7g7ybPqzY8-00733-00159750-00159983 that help control how much fat is stored
x7g7ybPqzY8-00734-00159984-00160211 in our bodies diabetes it has long been
x7g7ybPqzY8-00735-00160212-00160439 known that diabetics have imbalance gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-00736-00160440-00160613 microbes but the Harvard researchers
x7g7ybPqzY8-00737-00160614-00160828 think this may not be a coincidence but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00738-00160829-00161063 actually a causal factor and even
x7g7ybPqzY8-00739-00161064-00161254 certain types of cancer the most
x7g7ybPqzY8-00740-00161255-00161428 well-studied is colorectal cancer
x7g7ybPqzY8-00741-00161429-00161639 researchers say that a decrease in good
x7g7ybPqzY8-00742-00161640-00161878 bacteria and an increase in bad bacteria
x7g7ybPqzY8-00743-00161879-00162089 may lead to inflammation that actually
x7g7ybPqzY8-00744-00162090-00162364 creates tumors in short an imbalance of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00745-00162365-00162539 beneficial bacteria in the gut is now
x7g7ybPqzY8-00746-00162540-00162754 shown in numerous studies to be a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00747-00162755-00162923 massively important part of human health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00748-00162924-00163109 on the plus side increased gut health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00749-00163110-00163295 has been linked to all of the following
x7g7ybPqzY8-00750-00163296-00163559 Slimmer waistlines reduce cravings for
x7g7ybPqzY8-00751-00163560-00163828 sugar and carbs improve skin issues and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00752-00163829-00164093 even more energy probiotics even produce
x7g7ybPqzY8-00753-00164094-00164351 melatonin the sleep hormone so improved
x7g7ybPqzY8-00754-00164352-00164554 gut health is actually associated with
x7g7ybPqzY8-00755-00164555-00164752 better sleep for years doctors have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00756-00164753-00164969 known probiotics were helpful but here's
x7g7ybPqzY8-00757-00164970-00165166 something surprising if you caught most
x7g7ybPqzY8-00758-00165167-00165352 doctors in an honest moment they would
x7g7ybPqzY8-00759-00165353-00165538 probably admit they didn't actually know
x7g7ybPqzY8-00760-00165539-00165809 why probiotics were so important this is
x7g7ybPqzY8-00761-00165810-00165988 yet another example of the so-called
x7g7ybPqzY8-00762-00165989-00166216 status quo of medicine being behind the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00763-00166217-00166385 eight ball but now we finally understand
x7g7ybPqzY8-00764-00166386-00166625 stand that of everything probiotics do
x7g7ybPqzY8-00765-00166626-00166859 one thing might be the most important of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00766-00166860-00167135 all it turns out probiotics make
x7g7ybPqzY8-00767-00167136-00167357 butyrate in fact I now consider the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00768-00167358-00167543 production of butyrate to be the number
x7g7ybPqzY8-00769-00167544-00167771 one most important aspect of probiotic
x7g7ybPqzY8-00770-00167772-00168004 bacteria so if you want more butyrate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00771-00168005-00168245 the first thing you need is probiotics
x7g7ybPqzY8-00772-00168246-00168425 but here's the thing no one will tell
x7g7ybPqzY8-00773-00168426-00168664 you probiotics alone won't get you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00774-00168665-00168875 butyrate that's because to make butyrate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00775-00168876-00169151 the probiotics need fuel and that fuel
x7g7ybPqzY8-00776-00169152-00169433 is called prebiotics the two things
x7g7ybPqzY8-00777-00169434-00169588 sound similar but they're quite
x7g7ybPqzY8-00778-00169589-00169859 different probiotics or healthy bacteria
x7g7ybPqzY8-00779-00169860-00170104 and prebiotics are what the bacteria eat
x7g7ybPqzY8-00780-00170105-00170254 this is what most people don't
x7g7ybPqzY8-00781-00170255-00170471 understand about probiotics they're
x7g7ybPqzY8-00782-00170472-00170728 actually useless without prebiotics it's
x7g7ybPqzY8-00783-00170729-00170926 like a car with no gasoline or a factory
x7g7ybPqzY8-00784-00170927-00171221 without electricity fuel is the key and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00785-00171222-00171437 the more fuel you give your gut bacteria
x7g7ybPqzY8-00786-00171438-00171683 the more butyrate they can make and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00787-00171684-00171857 because of this prebiotics have been
x7g7ybPqzY8-00788-00171858-00172085 shown to support massive health benefits
x7g7ybPqzY8-00789-00172086-00172295 including all of the following they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00790-00172296-00172535 reduce food craving because Prebiotic
x7g7ybPqzY8-00791-00172536-00172781 fiber makes you feel full they soothe
x7g7ybPqzY8-00792-00172782-00172931 your intestinal tract because they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00793-00172932-00173176 create butyrate the gut wall fixer they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00794-00173177-00173357 create smoother more regular bowel
x7g7ybPqzY8-00795-00173358-00173543 movements studies show that they help
x7g7ybPqzY8-00796-00173544-00173728 you lose weight they even have a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00797-00173729-00173945 positive effect on heart health all of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00798-00173946-00174131 this is caused by the benefits of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00799-00174132-00174388 prebiotics and butyrate in your gut okay
x7g7ybPqzY8-00800-00174389-00174647 so what foods contain Prebiotic fiber
x7g7ybPqzY8-00801-00174648-00174863 firstly not all high fiber foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-00802-00174864-00175073 actually have the best Prebiotic fiber
x7g7ybPqzY8-00803-00175074-00175301 for instance broccoli and kale are high
x7g7ybPqzY8-00804-00175302-00175528 fiber foods and very good for you but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00805-00175529-00175793 not high in Prebiotic fiber so what are
x7g7ybPqzY8-00806-00175794-00176033 the best foods for Prebiotic Fiber Well
x7g7ybPqzY8-00807-00176034-00176249 they're a little tougher to come by my
x7g7ybPqzY8-00808-00176250-00176471 top five choices are chicory Roots
x7g7ybPqzY8-00809-00176472-00176807 asparagus leeks Jerusalem artichokes and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00810-00176808-00177016 onions these foods are all packed with
x7g7ybPqzY8-00811-00177017-00177202 the types of Prebiotic fiber that feed
x7g7ybPqzY8-00812-00177203-00177401 the naturally occurring probiotics in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00813-00177402-00177623 your body and help them produce butyrate
x7g7ybPqzY8-00814-00177624-00177851 and I'll give you two bonus gut boosters
x7g7ybPqzY8-00815-00177852-00178157 walnuts and pistachios you see many nuts
x7g7ybPqzY8-00816-00178158-00178354 aren't nuts at all especially peanuts
x7g7ybPqzY8-00817-00178355-00178601 which are in fact beans and these fake
x7g7ybPqzY8-00818-00178602-00178804 nuts are packed with dangerous lectins
x7g7ybPqzY8-00819-00178805-00179002 but real nuts like walnuts and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00820-00179003-00179249 pistachios are superfoods that feed your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00821-00179250-00179428 gut buddies in fact studies show that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00822-00179429-00179609 consuming large amounts of certain nuts
x7g7ybPqzY8-00823-00179610-00179788 can boost heart health and may even
x7g7ybPqzY8-00824-00179789-00179957 reduce the risk of developing certain
x7g7ybPqzY8-00825-00179958-00180185 types of cancer and if you eat all of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00826-00180186-00180364 these foods every day you're going to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00827-00180365-00180551 notice some big improvements in your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00828-00180552-00180725 health but there's a few problems
x7g7ybPqzY8-00829-00180726-00180935 firstly things like chicory and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00830-00180936-00181085 Jerusalem artichokes are tough to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00831-00181086-00181295 squeeze into your daily diet and not
x7g7ybPqzY8-00832-00181296-00181445 everybody loves the taste of all these
x7g7ybPqzY8-00833-00181446-00181654 Foods moreover while eating these Foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-00834-00181655-00181871 was probably enough for our ancestors to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00835-00181872-00182045 maintain a strong gut lining modern
x7g7ybPqzY8-00836-00182046-00182201 humans are dealing with new problems
x7g7ybPqzY8-00837-00182202-00182440 wheat processed foods crammed with sugar
x7g7ybPqzY8-00838-00182441-00182645 and chemicals which destroy our gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-00839-00182646-00182837 lining this includes things like the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00840-00182838-00183059 zero calorie sweetener Splenda according
x7g7ybPqzY8-00841-00183060-00183275 to a study at Duke University a single
x7g7ybPqzY8-00842-00183276-00183514 packet of Splenda can destroy up to half
x7g7ybPqzY8-00843-00183515-00183743 of the probiotics in your gut these
x7g7ybPqzY8-00844-00183744-00183995 foods are so commonplace a staggering 74
x7g7ybPqzY8-00845-00183996-00184211 of Americans now suffer from GI
x7g7ybPqzY8-00846-00184212-00184378 discomfort which is probably why we all
x7g7ybPqzY8-00847-00184379-00184588 also consume millions of capsules of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00848-00184589-00184781 over-the-counter pills to mask the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00849-00184782-00184913 symptoms of heartburn bloating
x7g7ybPqzY8-00850-00184914-00185099 constipation diarrhea and stomach
x7g7ybPqzY8-00851-00185100-00185273 discomfort which works in the short term
x7g7ybPqzY8-00852-00185274-00185440 but here's another thing the health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00853-00185441-00185604 industry hasn't made clear
x7g7ybPqzY8-00854-00185605-00185854 over-the-counter remedies you know the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00855-00185855-00186076 antacids the chalky chewables aren't
x7g7ybPqzY8-00856-00186077-00186263 just useless in helping you with issues
x7g7ybPqzY8-00857-00186264-00186502 of leaky gut they are actually a primary
x7g7ybPqzY8-00858-00186503-00186797 cause of leaky gut yes this fact has now
x7g7ybPqzY8-00859-00186798-00186952 been shown in multiple scientific
x7g7ybPqzY8-00860-00186953-00187150 studies and not just one or two studies
x7g7ybPqzY8-00861-00187151-00187307 dozens of studies from the top
x7g7ybPqzY8-00862-00187308-00187487 researchers around the world the United
x7g7ybPqzY8-00863-00187488-00187745 States Japan Italy Britain and others
x7g7ybPqzY8-00864-00187746-00187900 have shown that these so-called
x7g7ybPqzY8-00865-00187901-00188195 digestion helpers actually reduce mucus
x7g7ybPqzY8-00866-00188196-00188387 in the gut lining that means less
x7g7ybPqzY8-00867-00188388-00188663 protection from toxins and More Tears In
x7g7ybPqzY8-00868-00188664-00188825 fact Studies have also indicated that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00869-00188826-00188981 prolonged use of any of these
x7g7ybPqzY8-00870-00188982-00189137 over-the-counter products can actually
x7g7ybPqzY8-00871-00189138-00189383 be disastrous for your health how can
x7g7ybPqzY8-00872-00189384-00189569 that be possible how can companies be
x7g7ybPqzY8-00873-00189570-00189761 selling us things to help us that are
x7g7ybPqzY8-00874-00189762-00190000 actually hurting us of course only they
x7g7ybPqzY8-00875-00190001-00190235 know for sure but I have a theory and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00876-00190236-00190487 you may already know my answer money
x7g7ybPqzY8-00877-00190488-00190697 over-the-counter pills and chewables are
x7g7ybPqzY8-00878-00190698-00190966 a multi-billion dollar industry and as
x7g7ybPqzY8-00879-00190967-00191225 I've said before there is no profit in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00880-00191226-00191428 fixing someone's problem this is just
x7g7ybPqzY8-00881-00191429-00191633 common sense there is a lot of profit
x7g7ybPqzY8-00882-00191634-00191873 however in making sure it never goes
x7g7ybPqzY8-00883-00191874-00192052 away for instance did you know many
x7g7ybPqzY8-00884-00192053-00192245 chaplip products contain Menthol
x7g7ybPqzY8-00885-00192246-00192557 salicylic acid and cinnamic aldehyde all
x7g7ybPqzY8-00886-00192558-00192809 of which actually dry out your lips if
x7g7ybPqzY8-00887-00192810-00192988 you have a friend who seems addicted to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00888-00192989-00193259 lip balms this may be one reason why the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00889-00193260-00193499 more you use it the more you need it and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00890-00193500-00193726 here's a truly shocking one there's a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00891-00193727-00193864 light bulb in a fire station in
x7g7ybPqzY8-00892-00193865-00194087 Livermore California that's been on for
x7g7ybPqzY8-00893-00194088-00194345 over a hundred years yep the Centennial
x7g7ybPqzY8-00894-00194346-00194650 light was originally hung in 1901 and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00895-00194651-00194825 has only been turned off a handful of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00896-00194826-00195047 times yet the filament is still working
x7g7ybPqzY8-00897-00195048-00195269 how is it possible that a light bulb can
x7g7ybPqzY8-00898-00195270-00195497 last over a hundred years well what's
x7g7ybPqzY8-00899-00195498-00195688 amazing is that making a hundred year
x7g7ybPqzY8-00900-00195689-00195935 filament is actually easy what's a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00901-00195936-00196121 little trickier is making thin little
x7g7ybPqzY8-00902-00196122-00196307 filaments that are guaranteed to break
x7g7ybPqzY8-00903-00196308-00196535 every year so that that people always
x7g7ybPqzY8-00904-00196536-00196775 need to buy more light bulbs imagine
x7g7ybPqzY8-00905-00196776-00196973 that we could all have light bulbs that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00906-00196974-00197171 last our entire lives and we could have
x7g7ybPqzY8-00907-00197172-00197369 had it for pennies with technology from
x7g7ybPqzY8-00908-00197370-00197566 120 years ago except that big
x7g7ybPqzY8-00909-00197567-00197752 corporations don't want us to have it
x7g7ybPqzY8-00910-00197753-00197950 they want us to literally stay in the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00911-00197951-00198149 dark and I think the same goes for your
x7g7ybPqzY8-00912-00198150-00198299 gut it seems to me that the world
x7g7ybPqzY8-00913-00198300-00198490 profits from you and I staying in the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00914-00198491-00198719 dark about the true causes of our leaky
x7g7ybPqzY8-00915-00198720-00198916 gut because the food industry the health
x7g7ybPqzY8-00916-00198917-00199126 industry big Pharma and even some
x7g7ybPqzY8-00917-00199127-00199354 doctors themselves profit from our
x7g7ybPqzY8-00918-00199355-00199625 sickness if this makes you angry You are
x7g7ybPqzY8-00919-00199626-00199799 not alone I was right there with you
x7g7ybPqzY8-00920-00199800-00200014 which is when I finally decided to do
x7g7ybPqzY8-00921-00200015-00200219 something about it not just for me but
x7g7ybPqzY8-00922-00200220-00200428 for all the patients in my care who are
x7g7ybPqzY8-00923-00200429-00200602 suffering from unexplained weight gain
x7g7ybPqzY8-00924-00200603-00200819 fatigue food cravings and digestive
x7g7ybPqzY8-00925-00200820-00201040 problems and had no idea how to fix them
x7g7ybPqzY8-00926-00201041-00201257 well armed with my new knowledge of the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00927-00201258-00201431 importance of gut health I set out to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00928-00201432-00201611 make an all-natural formula that could
x7g7ybPqzY8-00929-00201612-00201826 actually boost my gut walls not tear it
x7g7ybPqzY8-00930-00201827-00202013 and pretty soon I had something that
x7g7ybPqzY8-00931-00202014-00202204 actually gave me results a mix of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00932-00202205-00202438 probiotics and prebiotics by
x7g7ybPqzY8-00933-00202439-00202619 supplementing with these two things I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00934-00202620-00202847 had the two ingredients my gut needed to
x7g7ybPqzY8-00935-00202848-00203033 make butyrate and keep me healthy and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00936-00203034-00203207 happy that includes getting rid of my
x7g7ybPqzY8-00937-00203208-00203447 achy joints my fatigue my brain fog and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00938-00203448-00203687 best of all losing 70 pounds of weight
x7g7ybPqzY8-00939-00203688-00203914 and keeping it off for over 20 years and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00940-00203915-00204173 counting but here's the thing prebiotics
x7g7ybPqzY8-00941-00204174-00204364 and probiotics worked really well for me
x7g7ybPqzY8-00942-00204365-00204587 because I use them in conjunction with a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00943-00204588-00204790 hundred percent lectin free diet that's
x7g7ybPqzY8-00944-00204791-00205019 right I eat no tomatoes corn wheat
x7g7ybPqzY8-00945-00205019-00205151 eggplant beans or other
x7g7ybPqzY8-00946-00205152-00205396 lectin-containing Foods I also eat a ton
x7g7ybPqzY8-00947-00205398-00205612 of Prebiotic and probiotic rich foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-00948-00205613-00205805 and while many people have adopted my
x7g7ybPqzY8-00949-00205806-00206008 diet and had the same results I did for
x7g7ybPqzY8-00950-00206009-00206225 other people a totally lectin free diet
x7g7ybPqzY8-00951-00206226-00206488 is just too tough and believe me I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00952-00206489-00206698 understand people have busy lives and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00953-00206700-00206873 very strict diets are not for everyone
x7g7ybPqzY8-00954-00206873-00207106 so I began asking myself a new question
x7g7ybPqzY8-00955-00207107-00207323 was there any way I could give people a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00956-00207323-00207521 shortcut to improve gut health not just
x7g7ybPqzY8-00957-00207521-00207731 by increasing prebiotics and probiotics
x7g7ybPqzY8-00958-00207732-00208003 but actually supplementing with pure 100
x7g7ybPqzY8-00959-00208004-00208264 butyrate itself this might seem obvious
x7g7ybPqzY8-00960-00208265-00208456 but the truth is there's a big reason
x7g7ybPqzY8-00961-00208457-00208696 Nobody Does this butyrate supplements
x7g7ybPqzY8-00962-00208698-00208931 never make it to your gut butyrate is
x7g7ybPqzY8-00963-00208932-00209134 bound to Salt ions and your stomach
x7g7ybPqzY8-00964-00209135-00209356 breaks these connections down so when
x7g7ybPqzY8-00965-00209357-00209566 you eat butyrate it never makes it past
x7g7ybPqzY8-00966-00209567-00209777 your stomach to the intestines so I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00967-00209778-00209939 began researching something that I knew
x7g7ybPqzY8-00968-00209940-00210148 could be a game changer a way to create
x7g7ybPqzY8-00969-00210150-00210334 a type of butyrate that could be
x7g7ybPqzY8-00970-00210335-00210587 successfully ingested and make it to the
x7g7ybPqzY8-00971-00210588-00210773 gut walls I quickly learned there's a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00972-00210773-00210910 reason it had never been done before
x7g7ybPqzY8-00973-00210911-00211132 it's pretty much impossible in fact
x7g7ybPqzY8-00974-00211133-00211360 after countless tries in many months I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00975-00211361-00211541 was no closer to a stomach-proof
x7g7ybPqzY8-00976-00211542-00211775 butyrate than the day I started at times
x7g7ybPqzY8-00977-00211776-00211942 I almost felt like giving up but I
x7g7ybPqzY8-00978-00211944-00212098 didn't because I knew that hundreds of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00979-00212100-00212296 people I care for and millions more
x7g7ybPqzY8-00980-00212298-00212482 across the country are struggling with
x7g7ybPqzY8-00981-00212483-00212705 weight gain fatigue food cravings and
x7g7ybPqzY8-00982-00212706-00212908 digestive discomfort every single day
x7g7ybPqzY8-00983-00212909-00213077 and I knew the only person who was
x7g7ybPqzY8-00984-00213078-00213269 really working day and night on this was
x7g7ybPqzY8-00985-00213269-00213515 me so I kept going and finally I had a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00986-00213516-00213665 breakthrough I discovered a laboratory
x7g7ybPqzY8-00987-00213666-00213856 here in the USA that had done something
x7g7ybPqzY8-00988-00213857-00214055 amazing they created a special
x7g7ybPqzY8-00989-00214056-00214331 technology that encapsulates liquid on a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00990-00214332-00214534 microscopic level this encapsulation
x7g7ybPqzY8-00991-00214535-00214787 process protects whatever is inside even
x7g7ybPqzY8-00992-00214788-00214984 from stomach acid when I heard about it
x7g7ybPqzY8-00993-00214985-00215123 I asked them a question that would end
x7g7ybPqzY8-00994-00215123-00215315 up changing my life and the lives of
x7g7ybPqzY8-00995-00215316-00215501 thousands of others can we create
x7g7ybPqzY8-00996-00215502-00215729 encapsulated butyrate a few months later
x7g7ybPqzY8-00997-00215730-00215992 after much testing we had the answer a
x7g7ybPqzY8-00998-00215994-00216160 regular size capsule that is actually
x7g7ybPqzY8-00999-00216161-00216377 filled with hundreds of smaller little
x7g7ybPqzY8-01000-00216378-00216563 capsules containing a hundred percent
x7g7ybPqzY8-01001-00216564-00216881 pure powerful butyric not only that we
x7g7ybPqzY8-01002-00216882-00217060 found a way to add my two other gut
x7g7ybPqzY8-01003-00217061-00217379 boosters probiotics and prebiotics armed
x7g7ybPqzY8-01004-00217380-00217565 with a brand new three-prong gut health
x7g7ybPqzY8-01005-00217566-00217792 capsule there was only one thing left to
x7g7ybPqzY8-01006-00217794-00218117 do try it well virtually the day I began
x7g7ybPqzY8-01007-00218117-00218315 using this concentrated formula it was
x7g7ybPqzY8-01008-00218316-00218519 like a switch got flipped I could feel
x7g7ybPqzY8-01009-00218519-00218710 the potent fibers probiotics and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01010-00218711-00218963 butyrate gently cleaning me out on the
x7g7ybPqzY8-01011-00218964-00219148 inside I started giving it to select
x7g7ybPqzY8-01012-00219150-00219305 clients as well people who are in
x7g7ybPqzY8-01013-00219306-00219467 desperate need of help and hadn't had
x7g7ybPqzY8-01014-00219467-00219646 success from other methods and while I
x7g7ybPqzY8-01015-00219648-00219779 had planned on waiting months to hear
x7g7ybPqzY8-01016-00219780-00219905 from people about the effects on
x7g7ybPqzY8-01017-00219906-00220127 digestive problems I have to admit I was
x7g7ybPqzY8-01018-00220128-00220301 shocked when people started using it
x7g7ybPqzY8-01019-00220302-00220487 they told me it was making big changes
x7g7ybPqzY8-01020-00220488-00220667 some even said it didn't take weeks or
x7g7ybPqzY8-01021-00220667-00220901 months but days specifically people were
x7g7ybPqzY8-01022-00220902-00221032 telling me they were having the best
x7g7ybPqzY8-01023-00221033-00221242 bowel movements of their lives I wasn't
x7g7ybPqzY8-01024-00221244-00221392 totally surprised though I was having
x7g7ybPqzY8-01025-00221394-00221627 the exact same experience as time went
x7g7ybPqzY8-01026-00221628-00221819 on we noticed the deeper benefits less
x7g7ybPqzY8-01027-00221819-00222065 gas and bloating more energy vastly
x7g7ybPqzY8-01028-00222066-00222239 reduced food cravings a Slimmer
x7g7ybPqzY8-01029-00222240-00222394 waistline and best of all people
x7g7ybPqzY8-01030-00222396-00222610 reported they just felt healthier like
x7g7ybPqzY8-01031-00222611-00222815 their body was finally working right for
x7g7ybPqzY8-01032-00222816-00223006 the first time in years and when I
x7g7ybPqzY8-01033-00223007-00223175 looked in the mirror I could see the
x7g7ybPqzY8-01034-00223176-00223342 changes and my clients were telling me
x7g7ybPqzY8-01035-00223344-00223582 the exact same thing Dr gundry I just
x7g7ybPqzY8-01036-00223583-00223787 wanted to fix my digestive issues I had
x7g7ybPqzY8-01037-00223788-00224044 no idea I could actually look better it
x7g7ybPqzY8-01038-00224046-00224273 sounds amazing but it's not every year
x7g7ybPqzY8-01039-00224273-00224567 the evidence gets stronger gut health is
x7g7ybPqzY8-01040-00224567-00224806 health and there is almost no part of
x7g7ybPqzY8-01041-00224807-00225029 your body that isn't impacted by a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01042-00225030-00225221 healthy microbiome I asked our lab to
x7g7ybPqzY8-01043-00225221-00225365 come up with a larger batch of this
x7g7ybPqzY8-01044-00225366-00225592 complete bio cleanse enough so that I
x7g7ybPqzY8-01045-00225594-00225731 could start giving it to friends family
x7g7ybPqzY8-01046-00225732-00225892 and anyone who wanted to finally put
x7g7ybPqzY8-01047-00225894-00226055 these frustrating health problems behind
x7g7ybPqzY8-01048-00226056-00226271 them once and for all we called this new
x7g7ybPqzY8-01049-00226271-00226589 formula biocomplete 83 biocomplete 3 is
x7g7ybPqzY8-01050-00226590-00226792 the first and only formula to combine
x7g7ybPqzY8-01051-00226794-00226984 these three powerful ingredients in a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01052-00226985-00227206 revolutionary new gut health plan and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01053-00227207-00227363 it's already helping people just like
x7g7ybPqzY8-01054-00227364-00227531 yourself achieve things they never
x7g7ybPqzY8-01055-00227532-00227723 thought were possible digestive issues
x7g7ybPqzY8-01056-00227723-00227896 improving dramatically or Vanishing
x7g7ybPqzY8-01057-00227898-00228106 altogether excess weight especially
x7g7ybPqzY8-01058-00228107-00228329 belly fat finally becoming easier to
x7g7ybPqzY8-01059-00228330-00228575 lose your skin appears clear your joints
x7g7ybPqzY8-01060-00228576-00228779 move more comfortably fatigue being
x7g7ybPqzY8-01061-00228780-00229001 replaced by an abundance of energy the
x7g7ybPqzY8-01062-00229002-00229210 kind of energy you had as a kid and the
x7g7ybPqzY8-01063-00229211-00229396 kind you can have again with a healthy
x7g7ybPqzY8-01064-00229398-00229582 gut and do you know what I love most
x7g7ybPqzY8-01065-00229583-00229798 about this formula our lab discovered a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01066-00229800-00230003 way to turn these ingredients including
x7g7ybPqzY8-01067-00230004-00230284 pure encapsulated butyrate into a single
x7g7ybPqzY8-01068-00230285-00230465 powerful pill a pill you can take
x7g7ybPqzY8-01069-00230466-00230656 yourself every day right in the comfort
x7g7ybPqzY8-01070-00230657-00230831 of your own home and it goes to work
x7g7ybPqzY8-01071-00230832-00231029 soothing your digestive lining after
x7g7ybPqzY8-01072-00231030-00231305 just the very first use best of all it
x7g7ybPqzY8-01073-00231306-00231563 has no sugar no carbs and zero calories
x7g7ybPqzY8-01074-00231564-00231821 per serving it's the healthy naturally
x7g7ybPqzY8-01075-00231821-00232031 inspired capsule that I formulated to
x7g7ybPqzY8-01076-00232032-00232205 help you finally achieve the health and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01077-00232206-00232444 confidence you deserve I'm going to tell
x7g7ybPqzY8-01078-00232446-00232642 you exactly how you can get biocomplete
x7g7ybPqzY8-01079-00232644-00232871 3 in just a moment but first let me
x7g7ybPqzY8-01080-00232871-00233081 explain how we achieve these incredible
x7g7ybPqzY8-01081-00233082-00233315 results it's all thanks to these potent
x7g7ybPqzY8-01082-00233316-00233482 ingredients which work because of what I
x7g7ybPqzY8-01083-00233483-00233723 call the three-prong defense these lines
x7g7ybPqzY8-01084-00233723-00233939 of defense do three things to help you
x7g7ybPqzY8-01085-00233940-00234191 stop leaky gut number one boost your
x7g7ybPqzY8-01086-00234192-00234413 probiotic levels so you have lots of
x7g7ybPqzY8-01087-00234414-00234634 good bacteria number two boost your
x7g7ybPqzY8-01088-00234635-00234875 Prebiotic levels so your good bacteria
x7g7ybPqzY8-01089-00234876-00235132 have fuel number three boost butyrate
x7g7ybPqzY8-01090-00235133-00235313 levels so your body can build an
x7g7ybPqzY8-01091-00235314-00235529 iron-clad gut lining you already know
x7g7ybPqzY8-01092-00235530-00235715 about our revolutionary encapsulated
x7g7ybPqzY8-01093-00235716-00235901 butyrate so let me briefly tell you
x7g7ybPqzY8-01094-00235902-00236075 about the incredible prebiotics and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01095-00236076-00236273 probiotics we used as well let's start
x7g7ybPqzY8-01096-00236273-00236477 with a super probiotic bacillus
x7g7ybPqzY8-01097-00236478-00236771 coagulans of all the beneficial bacteria
x7g7ybPqzY8-01098-00236771-00236987 you can get into your gut my favorite is
x7g7ybPqzY8-01099-00236988-00237155 bacillus coagulans that's because
x7g7ybPqzY8-01100-00237156-00237310 Studies have shown it to be effective in
x7g7ybPqzY8-01101-00237311-00237484 helping stop bloating abdominal
x7g7ybPqzY8-01102-00237485-00237658 discomfort and occasional constipation
x7g7ybPqzY8-01103-00237659-00237839 and diarrhea it's also been shown to
x7g7ybPqzY8-01104-00237840-00237989 help reduce straining and discomfort
x7g7ybPqzY8-01105-00237990-00238205 during bowel movements in several human
x7g7ybPqzY8-01106-00238206-00238421 studies it's also been shown to support
x7g7ybPqzY8-01107-00238421-00238625 immune help something that's so
x7g7ybPqzY8-01108-00238626-00238853 important as we get older in fact a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01109-00238854-00239063 staggering 70 percent of your immune
x7g7ybPqzY8-01110-00239064-00239327 system is actually located right in your
x7g7ybPqzY8-01111-00239328-00239531 gut and in animal studies it's even
x7g7ybPqzY8-01112-00239532-00239741 shown to significantly reduce joint
x7g7ybPqzY8-01113-00239742-00239927 discomfort but the main reason I chose
x7g7ybPqzY8-01114-00239928-00240148 this specific form of probiotic is
x7g7ybPqzY8-01115-00240150-00240353 because it actually survives all the way
x7g7ybPqzY8-01116-00240354-00240587 to the gut you see most probiotics you
x7g7ybPqzY8-01117-00240588-00240755 see in stores or online are made with
x7g7ybPqzY8-01118-00240756-00240946 bacteria that can't survive your stomach
x7g7ybPqzY8-01119-00240948-00241108 acid the same problem we had with
x7g7ybPqzY8-01120-00241109-00241306 butyric so you'll see probiotics
x7g7ybPqzY8-01121-00241307-00241492 advertised as having 10 billion or 20
x7g7ybPqzY8-01122-00241494-00241696 million or even 50 billion Colony
x7g7ybPqzY8-01123-00241698-00241930 forming units sounds great there's just
x7g7ybPqzY8-01124-00241931-00242153 one problem if it's a cheap probiotic
x7g7ybPqzY8-01125-00242154-00242429 very few or perhaps even none of these
x7g7ybPqzY8-01126-00242430-00242644 beneficial bacteria will make it to your
x7g7ybPqzY8-01127-00242646-00242867 gut that's where our bacillus coagulants
x7g7ybPqzY8-01128-00242867-00243094 comes in this high-tech strain is very
x7g7ybPqzY8-01129-00243096-00243323 unique it's Spore forming which means
x7g7ybPqzY8-01130-00243323-00243539 it's basically the seed of a probiotic
x7g7ybPqzY8-01131-00243540-00243730 it has a virtually indestructible
x7g7ybPqzY8-01132-00243731-00243989 microscopic shell that keeps it safe as
x7g7ybPqzY8-01133-00243990-00244210 it travels through your stomach in fact
x7g7ybPqzY8-01134-00244211-00244451 it can't even be activated in till it
x7g7ybPqzY8-01135-00244452-00244619 reaches your gut this is a major
x7g7ybPqzY8-01136-00244619-00244792 innovation in the field of probiotics
x7g7ybPqzY8-01137-00244794-00244960 which is why I believe the study results
x7g7ybPqzY8-01138-00244961-00245182 for it have been so extraordinary and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01139-00245183-00245356 it's in every serving of biocomplete
x7g7ybPqzY8-01140-00245357-00245579 three but as I mentioned before even the
x7g7ybPqzY8-01141-00245580-00245746 most powerful probiotics would be
x7g7ybPqzY8-01142-00245748-00245980 useless without the right fuel high
x7g7ybPqzY8-01143-00245981-00246305 fiber prebiotics and for biocomplete 3 I
x7g7ybPqzY8-01144-00246306-00246556 chose the best Prebiotic on the planet a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01145-00246557-00246725 special form of Prebiotic called Sun
x7g7ybPqzY8-01146-00246726-00246971 fiber Sun fiber or gwara gum is
x7g7ybPqzY8-01147-00246971-00247175 extracted from special guar beans in
x7g7ybPqzY8-01148-00247176-00247355 Australia and the extract from this
x7g7ybPqzY8-01149-00247356-00247505 plant produces one of the most powerful
x7g7ybPqzY8-01150-00247506-00247667 prebiotics on Earth it's a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01151-00247667-00247829 well-established fact that virtually all
x7g7ybPqzY8-01152-00247830-00248039 prebiotics can help with reducing hunger
x7g7ybPqzY8-01153-00248040-00248260 cravings providing smoother easier bowel
x7g7ybPqzY8-01154-00248261-00248446 movements helping achieve a Slimmer
x7g7ybPqzY8-01155-00248448-00248669 waistline supporting already healthy
x7g7ybPqzY8-01156-00248669-00248903 blood sugar levels and even maintaining
x7g7ybPqzY8-01157-00248904-00249082 your heart health and of course they're
x7g7ybPqzY8-01158-00249083-00249305 the fuel that allows your probiotics to
x7g7ybPqzY8-01159-00249306-00249575 create butyrate but most prebiotics do
x7g7ybPqzY8-01160-00249576-00249832 have one problem bloating for instance
x7g7ybPqzY8-01161-00249833-00250019 brussels sprouts are super healthy and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01162-00250019-00250265 contain tons of Prebiotic fiber but
x7g7ybPqzY8-01163-00250266-00250427 sometimes if you eat too much you're
x7g7ybPqzY8-01164-00250428-00250613 going to get that full bloated belly
x7g7ybPqzY8-01165-00250614-00250858 which doesn't look or feel good and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01166-00250859-00251056 nobody likes the gassiness that comes
x7g7ybPqzY8-01167-00251057-00251242 along with it this bloating is due to
x7g7ybPqzY8-01168-00251244-00251429 the fact that prebiotics contain certain
x7g7ybPqzY8-01169-00251430-00251680 kinds of fibers called fodmaps so
x7g7ybPqzY8-01170-00251681-00251879 usually with prebiotics it's a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01171-00251880-00252082 double-edged sword health benefits
x7g7ybPqzY8-01172-00252083-00252310 absolutely but you'll need to deal with
x7g7ybPqzY8-01173-00252311-00252515 bloating but that's where Sun fiber
x7g7ybPqzY8-01174-00252516-00252719 comes in you see of all the prebiotics
x7g7ybPqzY8-01175-00252719-00252898 on Earth Sun fiber has a special
x7g7ybPqzY8-01176-00252900-00253156 distinction it contains no fodmaps
x7g7ybPqzY8-01177-00253157-00253342 that's right because it contains no
x7g7ybPqzY8-01178-00253344-00253601 fodmaps sun fiber is the no bloating
x7g7ybPqzY8-01179-00253602-00253817 Prebiotic for that reason it's my
x7g7ybPqzY8-01180-00253817-00254092 Prebiotic fiber of choice and yes this
x7g7ybPqzY8-01181-00254094-00254315 digestive super fuel is in every serving
x7g7ybPqzY8-01182-00254316-00254482 of biocomplete three and when you
x7g7ybPqzY8-01183-00254483-00254627 combine it with our super strain
x7g7ybPqzY8-01184-00254628-00254842 probiotic and our Pure encapsulated
x7g7ybPqzY8-01185-00254844-00255071 butyrate you get what I now consider to
x7g7ybPqzY8-01186-00255071-00255239 be the most powerful all-in-one
x7g7ybPqzY8-01187-00255240-00255430 digestive health supplement I've ever
x7g7ybPqzY8-01188-00255431-00255646 created Bar None it's an Innovative
x7g7ybPqzY8-01189-00255648-00255875 three-pronged formula that will crush
x7g7ybPqzY8-01190-00255876-00256132 digestive discomfort food cravings and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01191-00256133-00256360 leaky gut symptoms in their tracks now
x7g7ybPqzY8-01192-00256361-00256523 at this time I should point out that
x7g7ybPqzY8-01193-00256523-00256715 biocomplete 3 is not necessarily for
x7g7ybPqzY8-01194-00256716-00256919 everyone if you're what I call a perfect
x7g7ybPqzY8-01195-00256919-00257123 non-lectin eater meaning you eat
x7g7ybPqzY8-01196-00257123-00257339 absolutely no foods containing lectins
x7g7ybPqzY8-01197-00257340-00257560 or that release toxins such as pasta
x7g7ybPqzY8-01198-00257561-00257813 rice potatoes squash Peppers sugar
x7g7ybPqzY8-01199-00257814-00258094 sunflower seeds peanuts cashews wheat
x7g7ybPqzY8-01200-00258096-00258437 oats corn Tomatoes cereals granola bread
x7g7ybPqzY8-01201-00258438-00258748 and over a dozen other lectin-rich Foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-01202-00258750-00258953 then you may truly be one of the few
x7g7ybPqzY8-01203-00258954-00259223 Americans who do not have leaky gut and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01204-00259223-00259396 already feeling the benefits of a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01205-00259398-00259625 healthy digestive system however if you
x7g7ybPqzY8-01206-00259626-00259823 like most people do eat these Foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-01207-00259823-00259991 regularly because again they're
x7g7ybPqzY8-01208-00259992-00260194 basically unavoidable in our modern diet
x7g7ybPqzY8-01209-00260196-00260327 and you very likely have been
x7g7ybPqzY8-01210-00260328-00260555 experiencing food cravings fatigue aches
x7g7ybPqzY8-01211-00260556-00260753 and a myriad of other issues for years
x7g7ybPqzY8-01212-00260754-00260987 and biocomplete 3 was designed
x7g7ybPqzY8-01213-00260988-00261239 specifically for you in fact to test the
x7g7ybPqzY8-01214-00261240-00261419 power of biocomplete 3 for these exact
x7g7ybPqzY8-01215-00261419-00261623 issues we conducted user groups between
x7g7ybPqzY8-01216-00261623-00261887 July and October of 2019. these weren't
x7g7ybPqzY8-01217-00261888-00262030 patients of mine they were complete
x7g7ybPqzY8-01218-00262031-00262271 strangers 30 volunteers between the ages
x7g7ybPqzY8-01219-00262272-00262534 of 32 and 7 24 who wanted help with
x7g7ybPqzY8-01220-00262535-00262732 nagging digestive issues we conducted
x7g7ybPqzY8-01221-00262733-00262949 the user group for three full months but
x7g7ybPqzY8-01222-00262950-00263158 amazingly people were already raving
x7g7ybPqzY8-01223-00263159-00263380 about the results after just two weeks
x7g7ybPqzY8-01224-00263381-00263621 after two weeks of using biocomplete 3
x7g7ybPqzY8-01225-00263622-00263879 97 of users said their bowel movements
x7g7ybPqzY8-01226-00263880-00264082 were more regular ninety percent had a
x7g7ybPqzY8-01227-00264083-00264329 more positive mood 87 percent had fewer
x7g7ybPqzY8-01228-00264330-00264587 cravings for carbs 93 experienced less
x7g7ybPqzY8-01229-00264588-00264779 abdominal discomfort and ninety seven
x7g7ybPqzY8-01230-00264780-00264905 percent said they could eat their
x7g7ybPqzY8-01231-00264906-00265067 favorite foods with less digestive
x7g7ybPqzY8-01232-00265068-00265349 discomfort this was after just 14 days
x7g7ybPqzY8-01233-00265350-00265595 but when our users came back after four
x7g7ybPqzY8-01234-00265596-00265882 weeks their results were even better 97
x7g7ybPqzY8-01235-00265883-00266123 had fewer cravings for unhealthy Foods
x7g7ybPqzY8-01236-00266124-00266410 100 said their overall digestion was
x7g7ybPqzY8-01237-00266411-00266729 better 94 said they felt healthier 90
x7g7ybPqzY8-01238-00266730-00267017 had more energy ninety percent said they
x7g7ybPqzY8-01239-00267018-00267232 were thinking more clearly a majority of
x7g7ybPqzY8-01240-00267233-00267467 users said they had lost weight noticed
x7g7ybPqzY8-01241-00267468-00267706 a decrease in belly fat and that their
x7g7ybPqzY8-01242-00267707-00267887 stomach looked flatter ninety percent
x7g7ybPqzY8-01243-00267888-00268132 had less gas and bloating a staggering
x7g7ybPqzY8-01244-00268133-00268325 100 percent said their bowel movements
x7g7ybPqzY8-01245-00268326-00268582 were now smooth and easy and 97 percent
x7g7ybPqzY8-01246-00268583-00268799 of users said they just plain felt
x7g7ybPqzY8-01247-00268800-00269003 better these results from total
x7g7ybPqzY8-01248-00269004-00269284 strangers are phenomenal in 40 Years of
x7g7ybPqzY8-01249-00269285-00269477 practicing medicine I've rarely seen
x7g7ybPqzY8-01250-00269478-00269789 anything work this fast or this well and
x7g7ybPqzY8-01251-00269790-00269999 it makes me so glad I never gave up on
x7g7ybPqzY8-01252-00270000-00270184 finding a method to help Regular People
x7g7ybPqzY8-01253-00270185-00270377 Take Back Control of their Digestive
x7g7ybPqzY8-01254-00270378-00270757 Health at home all on their own
x8kZqxOgghu-00000-00000764-00001945 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00001-00001946-00002191 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00002-00002192-00003895 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00003-00003896-00006887 foreign
x8kZqxOgghu-00004-00006888-00007213 um
x8kZqxOgghu-00005-00007214-00007791 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00006-00007792-00007903 you
x8kZqxOgghu-00007-00007904-00008127 it was you wasn't it
x8kZqxOgghu-00008-00008128-00008351 you're the one who stepped on my hand
x8kZqxOgghu-00009-00008352-00008791 i don't know maybe i did
x8kZqxOgghu-00010-00008792-00008983 what's a little girl like you doing here
x8kZqxOgghu-00011-00008984-00009206 anyway
x8kZqxOgghu-00012-00009207-00009519 huh are you blind or something
x8kZqxOgghu-00013-00009520-00009806 what's that letter
x8kZqxOgghu-00014-00009807-00010167 none of your business
x8kZqxOgghu-00015-00010168-00010455 you didn't love mary anyway wait
x8kZqxOgghu-00016-00010456-00010985 how do you know mary's name
x8kZqxOgghu-00017-00010986-00012542 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00018-00012543-00014763 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00019-00014765-00016127 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00020-00016128-00016413 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00021-00016414-00016951 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00022-00016952-00018175 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00023-00018176-00019058 foreign
x8kZqxOgghu-00024-00019059-00021647 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00025-00021648-00021934 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00026-00021935-00023311 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00027-00023312-00024735 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00028-00024736-00025963 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00029-00025964-00026167 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00031-00031791-00034073 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00032-00034074-00035015 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00033-00035016-00035790 mary
x8kZqxOgghu-00034-00035791-00035862 no
x8kZqxOgghu-00035-00035863-00035951 you're
x8kZqxOgghu-00036-00035952-00036055 not
x8kZqxOgghu-00037-00036056-00036302 do i look like your girlfriend
x8kZqxOgghu-00038-00036303-00036702 no my late wife
x8kZqxOgghu-00039-00036703-00036895 i can't believe it
x8kZqxOgghu-00040-00036896-00037143 you could be her twin
x8kZqxOgghu-00041-00037144-00037446 your face your voice just your hair and
x8kZqxOgghu-00042-00037447-00037895 clothes are different my name
x8kZqxOgghu-00043-00037896-00038055 don't look like is
x8kZqxOgghu-00044-00038056-00038590 ghost do i
x8kZqxOgghu-00045-00038591-00038727 see
x8kZqxOgghu-00046-00038728-00039030 feel how warm i am you're really not
x8kZqxOgghu-00047-00039031-00039246 mary i told you
x8kZqxOgghu-00048-00039247-00039574 i'm maria sorry
x8kZqxOgghu-00049-00039575-00039974 i was confused where are you going
x8kZqxOgghu-00050-00039975-00040174 i'm looking for mary
x8kZqxOgghu-00051-00040175-00040423 have you seen her
x8kZqxOgghu-00052-00040424-00041007 didn't you say she died
x8kZqxOgghu-00053-00041008-00041255 oh yeah three years ago
x8kZqxOgghu-00054-00041256-00041462 but i got a letter from her
x8kZqxOgghu-00055-00041463-00041718 she says she was waiting in our
x8kZqxOgghu-00056-00041719-00041983 special place
x8kZqxOgghu-00057-00041984-00042239 and that's here
x8kZqxOgghu-00058-00042240-00042335 anyway
x8kZqxOgghu-00059-00042336-00042711 i haven't seen her
x8kZqxOgghu-00060-00042712-00042839 is this your
x8kZqxOgghu-00061-00042840-00042935 only
x8kZqxOgghu-00062-00042936-00044383 special place
x8kZqxOgghu-00063-00044384-00044662 well there's the hotel too i guess
x8kZqxOgghu-00064-00044663-00044807 the one on the lake
x8kZqxOgghu-00065-00044808-00045007 i wonder if it's still there the
x8kZqxOgghu-00066-00045008-00045190 lakeview hotel
x8kZqxOgghu-00067-00045191-00045430 yeah it's still there
x8kZqxOgghu-00068-00045431-00045871 so the hotel was your special place huh
x8kZqxOgghu-00069-00045872-00045979 i'll bet it was
x8kZqxOgghu-00070-00045980-00046167 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00071-00046168-00046574 don't get so mad i was just joking
x8kZqxOgghu-00072-00046575-00046959 anyway it's not that way it's this way
x8kZqxOgghu-00073-00046960-00047495 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00074-00047496-00047718 you're coming with me you were gonna
x8kZqxOgghu-00075-00047719-00047990 just leave me no but with all these
x8kZqxOgghu-00076-00047991-00048168 monsters around no i just
x8kZqxOgghu-00077-00048169-00048295 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00078-00048296-00048535 i'm all alone here
x8kZqxOgghu-00079-00048536-00048720 everyone else is gone
x8kZqxOgghu-00080-00048721-00048958 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00081-00048959-00049135 i look like
x8kZqxOgghu-00082-00049136-00049246 mary
x8kZqxOgghu-00083-00049247-00049479 don't i
x8kZqxOgghu-00084-00049480-00049855 you loved her right
x8kZqxOgghu-00085-00049856-00050095 or maybe
x8kZqxOgghu-00086-00050096-00050318 you hated her
x8kZqxOgghu-00087-00050319-00050535 don't be ridiculous
x8kZqxOgghu-00088-00050536-00050686 so it's okay
x8kZqxOgghu-00089-00050687-00050867 yeah fine
x8kZqxOgghu-00090-00050868-00052287 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00091-00052288-00052595 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00092-00052596-00053520 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00093-00053521-00054775 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00094-00054776-00056004 foreign
x8kZqxOgghu-00095-00056005-00057350 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00096-00057351-00059719 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00097-00059720-00060950 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00098-00060951-00061097 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00099-00061098-00062430 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00100-00062432-00064911 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00101-00064912-00067135 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00102-00067136-00068182 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00103-00068183-00068623 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00104-00068624-00068941 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00105-00068942-00069295 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00106-00069296-00070777 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00107-00070778-00071727 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00108-00071728-00073559 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00109-00073560-00073660 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00110-00073661-00075071 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00111-00075072-00076182 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00113-00079802-00080122 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00114-00080123-00080871 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00115-00080872-00081584 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00116-00081585-00084447 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00117-00084448-00084995 oh
x8kZqxOgghu-00118-00084996-00085759 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00119-00085760-00086137 um
x8kZqxOgghu-00120-00086138-00087518 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00121-00087519-00087935 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00122-00087936-00089366 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00123-00089367-00089838 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00124-00089839-00091082 um
x8kZqxOgghu-00125-00091083-00093099 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00126-00093100-00095001 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00127-00095002-00095150 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00128-00095151-00096769 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00129-00096770-00097454 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00130-00097455-00098006 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00131-00098007-00098718 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00132-00098719-00100150 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00133-00100151-00101279 hmm
x8kZqxOgghu-00134-00101280-00103207 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00135-00103208-00103566 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00136-00103567-00103757 foreign
x8kZqxOgghu-00137-00103758-00104399 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00138-00104400-00105934 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00139-00105935-00106208 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00140-00106208-00108225 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00141-00108226-00108686 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00142-00108688-00109815 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00143-00109816-00111358 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00144-00111359-00113226 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00145-00113227-00114727 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00146-00114728-00115175 wow
x8kZqxOgghu-00148-00119470-00119719 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00149-00119720-00119965 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00150-00119966-00121295 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00151-00121296-00121478 hmm
x8kZqxOgghu-00152-00121479-00122719 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00153-00122720-00124990 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00154-00124991-00125551 um
x8kZqxOgghu-00155-00125552-00127031 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00156-00127032-00127357 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00157-00127358-00129663 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00158-00129664-00130727 hmm
x8kZqxOgghu-00159-00130728-00132207 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00160-00132208-00132632 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00161-00132633-00133551 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00162-00133552-00134101 hmm
x8kZqxOgghu-00163-00134102-00136590 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00164-00136591-00138054 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00165-00138055-00139031 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00166-00139032-00139184 um
x8kZqxOgghu-00167-00139185-00139694 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00168-00139695-00140213 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00169-00140214-00141104 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00170-00141105-00141575 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00171-00141576-00141703 foreign
x8kZqxOgghu-00172-00141704-00142829 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00173-00142830-00143511 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00174-00143512-00145375 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00175-00145376-00146087 hmm
x8kZqxOgghu-00176-00146088-00146213 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00177-00146214-00147686 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00178-00147687-00147895 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00179-00147896-00148898 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00180-00148899-00149824 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00181-00149825-00151154 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00182-00151155-00152293 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00183-00152294-00152575 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00184-00152576-00153581 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00185-00153582-00154990 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00186-00154991-00156311 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00187-00156312-00156902 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00188-00156903-00157054 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00189-00157055-00157224 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00190-00157225-00158392 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00191-00158393-00159214 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00193-00163293-00163831 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00194-00163832-00164175 i'll wait here i hate bowling
x8kZqxOgghu-00195-00164176-00164399 i didn't come here to play you know
x8kZqxOgghu-00196-00164400-00164535 hurry back
x8kZqxOgghu-00197-00164536-00165426 okay
x8kZqxOgghu-00198-00165427-00166735 [Applause]
x8kZqxOgghu-00199-00166736-00166895 so what'd you do
x8kZqxOgghu-00200-00166896-00167078 robbery murder
x8kZqxOgghu-00201-00167079-00167343 nah nothing like that
x8kZqxOgghu-00202-00167344-00167702 huh you're just a gutless fatso
x8kZqxOgghu-00203-00167703-00167975 what'd you have to say that for
x8kZqxOgghu-00204-00167976-00168183 i thought you said the cops were out for
x8kZqxOgghu-00205-00168184-00168263 you
x8kZqxOgghu-00206-00168264-00168366 no
x8kZqxOgghu-00207-00168367-00168911 i just ran because i was scared
x8kZqxOgghu-00208-00168912-00169207 i don't know what the cops are doing
x8kZqxOgghu-00209-00169208-00169399 but if you did something bad
x8kZqxOgghu-00210-00169400-00169624 why don't you just say you're sorry
x8kZqxOgghu-00211-00169625-00169887 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00212-00169888-00170199 i guess i run away a lot too it's no
x8kZqxOgghu-00213-00170200-00170278 good
x8kZqxOgghu-00214-00170279-00170519 they wouldn't listen nobody will ever
x8kZqxOgghu-00215-00170520-00170966 forgive
x8kZqxOgghu-00216-00170967-00171223 did me find the lady you're looking for
x8kZqxOgghu-00217-00171224-00172170 what's your name mary
x8kZqxOgghu-00218-00172171-00173074 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00219-00173075-00173683 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00220-00173684-00173847 eddie
x8kZqxOgghu-00221-00173848-00174054 oh
x8kZqxOgghu-00222-00174055-00174238 you're james
x8kZqxOgghu-00223-00174239-00174543 we met in the apartment building
x8kZqxOgghu-00224-00174544-00174623 yeah
x8kZqxOgghu-00225-00174624-00174759 i remember
x8kZqxOgghu-00226-00174760-00175375 but
x8kZqxOgghu-00227-00175376-00177000 are you alone here eddie
x8kZqxOgghu-00228-00177001-00177823 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00229-00177824-00177919 laura
x8kZqxOgghu-00230-00177920-00178054 is that her name
x8kZqxOgghu-00231-00178055-00178311 that's what she said
x8kZqxOgghu-00232-00178312-00178575 this town is full of monsters how can
x8kZqxOgghu-00233-00178576-00178854 you sit there and eat pizza she said she
x8kZqxOgghu-00234-00178855-00179151 was fine by herself she said a fatso
x8kZqxOgghu-00235-00179152-00179478 like me would just slow her down forget
x8kZqxOgghu-00237-00183512-00183751 did a little girl run out of here
x8kZqxOgghu-00238-00183752-00183831 yeah
x8kZqxOgghu-00239-00183832-00184087 she was too fast for me
x8kZqxOgghu-00240-00184088-00184318 aren't you gonna go after her
x8kZqxOgghu-00241-00184319-00185526 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00242-00185527-00185978 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00243-00185979-00187566 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00245-00191264-00192143 she went through there
x8kZqxOgghu-00246-00192144-00192471 is there any other way yeah there is
x8kZqxOgghu-00247-00192472-00193599 right through there
x8kZqxOgghu-00249-00196753-00199182 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00250-00199183-00201031 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00251-00201032-00201176 so
x8kZqxOgghu-00253-00204397-00205886 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00254-00205887-00206471 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00255-00206471-00208359 um
x8kZqxOgghu-00256-00208360-00209037 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00257-00209038-00209462 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00258-00209463-00212231 over there
x8kZqxOgghu-00259-00212232-00213751 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00260-00213752-00215016 uh
x8kZqxOgghu-00261-00215017-00215659 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00262-00215660-00217182 [Music]
x8kZqxOgghu-00263-00217183-00217392 you
x8lmotjCQyu-00000-00000053-00000379 Angola listen Portuguese Elle officially
x8lmotjCQyu-00001-00000380-00000574 the Republic of Angola Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00002-00000575-00000852 Republican to Angola key Congo kam bundu
x8lmotjCQyu-00003-00000853-00001198 and um bundu repu Balika yaw NGO la is a
x8lmotjCQyu-00004-00001199-00001372 West Coast country of South Central
x8lmotjCQyu-00005-00001373-00001687 Africa it is the seventh largest country
x8lmotjCQyu-00006-00001688-00001885 in Africa bordered by Namibia to the
x8lmotjCQyu-00007-00001886-00002074 south the Democratic Republic of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00008-00002075-00002272 Congo to the north Zambia to the east
x8lmotjCQyu-00009-00002273-00002475 and the Atlantic Ocean to the west
x8lmotjCQyu-00010-00002476-00002746 Angola has an exclave province the
x8lmotjCQyu-00011-00002747-00002917 province of cabin de that borders the
x8lmotjCQyu-00012-00002918-00003124 Republic of the Congo and the Democratic
x8lmotjCQyu-00013-00003125-00003406 Republic of the Congo the capital and
x8lmotjCQyu-00014-00003407-00003641 largest city of Angola is Luanda
x8lmotjCQyu-00015-00003642-00003906 although inhabited since the Paleolithic
x8lmotjCQyu-00016-00003907-00004125 era what is now Angola was molded by
x8lmotjCQyu-00017-00004126-00004272 Portuguese colonization
x8lmotjCQyu-00018-00004273-00004497 it began with and was for centuries
x8lmotjCQyu-00019-00004498-00004716 limited to coastal settlements and
x8lmotjCQyu-00020-00004717-00004909 trading posts established starting in
x8lmotjCQyu-00021-00004910-00005193 the 16th century in the 19th century
x8lmotjCQyu-00022-00005194-00005425 European settlers slowly and hesitantly
x8lmotjCQyu-00023-00005426-00005641 began to establish themselves in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00024-00005642-00005913 interior the Portuguese colony that
x8lmotjCQyu-00025-00005914-00006120 became Angola did not have its present
x8lmotjCQyu-00026-00006121-00006279 borders until the early 20th century
x8lmotjCQyu-00027-00006280-00006520 because of resistance by groups such as
x8lmotjCQyu-00028-00006520-00006709 the Kwame Doe the Kwan Yama in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00029-00006709-00007063 mbunda after a protracted anti-colonial
x8lmotjCQyu-00030-00007064-00007274 struggle independence was achieved in
x8lmotjCQyu-00031-00007275-00007552 1975 as the Marxist Leninist People's
x8lmotjCQyu-00032-00007553-00007756 Republic of Angola a one-party state
x8lmotjCQyu-00033-00007756-00007992 supported by the Soviet Union in Cuba
x8lmotjCQyu-00034-00007993-00008227 the civil war between the ruling
x8lmotjCQyu-00035-00008228-00008403 People's Movement for the liberation of
x8lmotjCQyu-00036-00008404-00008635 Angola MPLA and the insurgent
x8lmotjCQyu-00037-00008636-00008838 anti-communist national Union for the
x8lmotjCQyu-00038-00008839-00009037 total independence of Angola UNITA
x8lmotjCQyu-00039-00009038-00009238 supported by the United States and
x8lmotjCQyu-00040-00009239-00009544 apartheid South Africa lasted until 2002
x8lmotjCQyu-00041-00009545-00009805 the sovereign state has since become a
x8lmotjCQyu-00042-00009806-00010051 relatively stable unitary presidential
x8lmotjCQyu-00043-00010052-00010395 constitutional republic Angola has vast
x8lmotjCQyu-00044-00010396-00010624 mineral and petroleum reserves and its
x8lmotjCQyu-00045-00010625-00010831 economy is among the fastest growing in
x8lmotjCQyu-00046-00010832-00011023 the world especially since the end of
x8lmotjCQyu-00047-00011024-00011227 the Civil War however the standard of
x8lmotjCQyu-00048-00011228-00011401 living remains low for most of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00049-00011402-00011641 population and life expectancy in Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-00050-00011642-00011802 is among the lowest in the world
x8lmotjCQyu-00051-00011803-00011964 while infant mortality is among the
x8lmotjCQyu-00052-00011965-00012246 highest and Ghilas economic growth is
x8lmotjCQyu-00053-00012247-00012441 highly uneven with most of the nation's
x8lmotjCQyu-00054-00012442-00012580 wealth concentrated in a
x8lmotjCQyu-00055-00012581-00012781 disproportionately small sector of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00056-00012782-00012994 population Angola as a member state of
x8lmotjCQyu-00057-00012994-00013263 the United Nations OPEC African Union
x8lmotjCQyu-00058-00013265-00013380 the community of
x8lmotjCQyu-00059-00013381-00013552 Ziggy's language countries in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00060-00013553-00013769 southern African Development Community a
x8lmotjCQyu-00061-00013770-00014053 highly multi-ethnic country and gle is
x8lmotjCQyu-00062-00014054-00014250 twenty five point eight million people
x8lmotjCQyu-00063-00014251-00014442 spend tribal groups customs and
x8lmotjCQyu-00064-00014443-00014730 traditions and Golin culture reflects
x8lmotjCQyu-00065-00014731-00014931 centuries of Portuguese rule in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00066-00014932-00015097 predominance of the Portuguese language
x8lmotjCQyu-00067-00015097-00015544 and of the Catholic Church
x8lmotjCQyu-00068-00015546-00016075 topic etymology
x8lmotjCQyu-00069-00016076-00016275 the name Angola comes from the
x8lmotjCQyu-00070-00016276-00016477 portuguese colonial name renault de
x8lmotjCQyu-00071-00016478-00016708 angola kingdom of angola which appeared
x8lmotjCQyu-00072-00016709-00016980 as early as dias de no vases 1571
x8lmotjCQyu-00073-00016981-00017242 charter the toponym was derived by the
x8lmotjCQyu-00074-00017243-00017508 portuguese from the title and gol a held
x8lmotjCQyu-00075-00017509-00017805 by the kings of an nganga and Dongo in
x8lmotjCQyu-00076-00017806-00017980 the Highlands between the Kwanza and
x8lmotjCQyu-00077-00017981-00018142 Luke Halle rivers was nominally a
x8lmotjCQyu-00078-00018143-00018349 possession of the kingdom of Congo but
x8lmotjCQyu-00079-00018350-00018525 was seeking greater independence in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00080-00018526-00018930 16th century
x8lmotjCQyu-00081-00018931-00019432 topic history
x8lmotjCQyu-00082-00019433-00019726 topic early migrations and political
x8lmotjCQyu-00083-00019727-00020084 units
x8lmotjCQyu-00084-00020085-00020303 modern Angola was populated
x8lmotjCQyu-00085-00020304-00020519 predominantly by nomadic koi and sand
x8lmotjCQyu-00086-00020520-00020714 prior to the first band to migrations
x8lmotjCQyu-00087-00020715-00020969 the koi and sand peoples were neither
x8lmotjCQyu-00088-00020970-00021275 pastoralists nor cultivators but
x8lmotjCQyu-00089-00021276-00021524 hunter-gatherers they were displaced by
x8lmotjCQyu-00090-00021525-00021716 been two peoples arriving from the north
x8lmotjCQyu-00091-00021717-00021929 most of whom likely originated in what
x8lmotjCQyu-00092-00021930-00022130 is today northwestern Nigeria and
x8lmotjCQyu-00093-00022131-00022376 southern Niger been two speakers
x8lmotjCQyu-00094-00022377-00022580 introduced the cultivation of bananas
x8lmotjCQyu-00095-00022581-00022805 and taro as well as large cattle herds
x8lmotjCQyu-00096-00022806-00022991 to Engel is Central Highlands in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00097-00022992-00023249 Luanda plain to its south lay the
x8lmotjCQyu-00098-00023250-00023465 kingdom of n dango from which the area
x8lmotjCQyu-00099-00023466-00023651 of the later Portuguese colony was
x8lmotjCQyu-00100-00023652-00024066 sometimes known as dango
x8lmotjCQyu-00101-00024067-00024638 topic Portuguese colonization
x8lmotjCQyu-00102-00024639-00024903 Portuguese explorer Diogo Tsao reached
x8lmotjCQyu-00103-00024904-00025244 the area in 1484 the previous year the
x8lmotjCQyu-00104-00025245-00025436 Portuguese had established relations
x8lmotjCQyu-00105-00025437-00025614 with the Congo which stretched at the
x8lmotjCQyu-00106-00025614-00025806 time from modern Gabon in the north to
x8lmotjCQyu-00107-00025807-00026025 the Kwanza River in the South the
x8lmotjCQyu-00108-00026026-00026217 portuguese established their primary
x8lmotjCQyu-00109-00026218-00026451 early trading post at soya which is now
x8lmotjCQyu-00110-00026452-00026661 the northernmost city in angola apart
x8lmotjCQyu-00111-00026662-00026949 from the Cabinda exclave Paulo Diaz de
x8lmotjCQyu-00112-00026950-00027158 novo founded south Paulo de Luanda
x8lmotjCQyu-00113-00027160-00027480 Luanda in 1575 with a hundred families
x8lmotjCQyu-00114-00027481-00027812 of settlers and 400 soldiers Benguela
x8lmotjCQyu-00115-00027813-00028074 was fortified in 1587 and became a
x8lmotjCQyu-00116-00028075-00028437 Township in 1617 the Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00117-00028438-00028608 established several other settlements
x8lmotjCQyu-00118-00028608-00028812 forts and trading posts along the
x8lmotjCQyu-00119-00028813-00029019 Angolan coast principally trading an
x8lmotjCQyu-00120-00029020-00029276 Angolan slaves for Brazilian plantations
x8lmotjCQyu-00121-00029277-00029550 local slave dealers provided a large
x8lmotjCQyu-00122-00029551-00029718 number of slaves for the Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00123-00029719-00029925 Empire usually in exchange for
x8lmotjCQyu-00124-00029926-00030152 manufactured goods from Europe this part
x8lmotjCQyu-00125-00030153-00030348 of the Atlantic slave trade continued
x8lmotjCQyu-00126-00030349-00030543 until after Brazil's independence in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00127-00030544-00030636 1820s
x8lmotjCQyu-00128-00030637-00030864 despite Portugal's territorial claims in
x8lmotjCQyu-00129-00030864-00031052 Angola its control over much of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00130-00031053-00031262 country's vast interior was minimal in
x8lmotjCQyu-00131-00031263-00031577 the 16th century Portugal gain control
x8lmotjCQyu-00132-00031578-00031712 of the coast through a series of
x8lmotjCQyu-00133-00031713-00032001 treaties and Wars life for European
x8lmotjCQyu-00134-00032002-00032229 colonists was difficult in progress slow
x8lmotjCQyu-00135-00032230-00032556 John Iliff notes that Portuguese records
x8lmotjCQyu-00136-00032557-00032742 of Angola from the sixteenth century
x8lmotjCQyu-00137-00032743-00032985 show that a great famine occurred on
x8lmotjCQyu-00138-00032986-00033243 average every 70 years accompanied by
x8lmotjCQyu-00139-00033244-00033543 epidemic disease it might kill 1/3 or
x8lmotjCQyu-00140-00033544-00033792 1/2 of the population destroying the
x8lmotjCQyu-00141-00033793-00034026 demographic growth of a generation and
x8lmotjCQyu-00142-00034027-00034230 forcing colonists back into the river
x8lmotjCQyu-00143-00034231-00034462 valleys
x8lmotjCQyu-00144-00034463-00034690 during the Portuguese restoration war
x8lmotjCQyu-00145-00034691-00034912 the Dutch West India Company occupied
x8lmotjCQyu-00146-00034913-00035105 the principle settlement of Luanda in
x8lmotjCQyu-00147-00035106-00035417 1641 using alliances with local peoples
x8lmotjCQyu-00148-00035418-00035611 to carry out attacks against Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00149-00035612-00035836 Holdings elsewhere a fleet under
x8lmotjCQyu-00150-00035837-00036151 Salvador dasari took Luanda in 1648
x8lmotjCQyu-00151-00036152-00036383 reconquest of the rest of the territory
x8lmotjCQyu-00152-00036384-00036736 was completed by 1650 new treaties with
x8lmotjCQyu-00153-00036737-00037012 the Congo were signed in 1649 others
x8lmotjCQyu-00154-00037013-00037217 with gina's kingdom of Mutombo and and
x8lmotjCQyu-00155-00037218-00037604 ongo followed in 1656 the conquest of
x8lmotjCQyu-00156-00037605-00037912 Pongo and dango in 1671 was the last
x8lmotjCQyu-00157-00037913-00038149 major Portuguese expansion from Luanda
x8lmotjCQyu-00158-00038150-00038449 as attempts to invade Congo in 1670 in
x8lmotjCQyu-00159-00038450-00038861 Mutombo in 1681 failed colonial outposts
x8lmotjCQyu-00160-00038862-00039098 also expanded in word from Benguela but
x8lmotjCQyu-00161-00039099-00039317 until the late 19th century the inroads
x8lmotjCQyu-00162-00039318-00039505 from Luanda and Benguela were very
x8lmotjCQyu-00163-00039506-00039764 limited hamstrung by a series of
x8lmotjCQyu-00164-00039765-00039980 political upheavals in the early 1800s
x8lmotjCQyu-00165-00039981-00040217 Portugal was slow to mount a large-scale
x8lmotjCQyu-00166-00040218-00040451 annexation of engeling territory the
x8lmotjCQyu-00167-00040452-00040664 slave trade was abolished in Angola in
x8lmotjCQyu-00168-00040665-00041014 1836 and in 1854 the colonial government
x8lmotjCQyu-00169-00041015-00041314 freed all its existing slaves four years
x8lmotjCQyu-00170-00041315-00041533 later a more progressive administration
x8lmotjCQyu-00171-00041534-00041726 appointed by Lisbon abolished slavery
x8lmotjCQyu-00172-00041727-00041995 altogether however these decrees
x8lmotjCQyu-00173-00041996-00042208 remained largely unenforceable and the
x8lmotjCQyu-00174-00042209-00042398 Portuguese depended on assistance from
x8lmotjCQyu-00175-00042399-00042592 the British Royal Navy to enforce their
x8lmotjCQyu-00176-00042593-00042860 ban on the slave trade this coincided
x8lmotjCQyu-00177-00042861-00043045 with a series of renewed military
x8lmotjCQyu-00178-00043046-00043304 expeditions into the hinterland by the
x8lmotjCQyu-00179-00043305-00043513 mid 19th century Portugal had
x8lmotjCQyu-00180-00043514-00043717 established its Dominion as far east as
x8lmotjCQyu-00181-00043718-00043930 the Congo River and as far south as masa
x8lmotjCQyu-00182-00043931-00044204 Medes until the late 1880s
x8lmotjCQyu-00183-00044205-00044392 Lisbon entertained proposals to link
x8lmotjCQyu-00184-00044393-00044620 Angola with its colony in Mozambique but
x8lmotjCQyu-00185-00044621-00044758 was blocked by British and Belgian
x8lmotjCQyu-00186-00044759-00045074 opposition in this period the Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00187-00045075-00045271 came up against different forms of armed
x8lmotjCQyu-00188-00045272-00045445 resistance from various peoples in
x8lmotjCQyu-00189-00045446-00045751 Angola the Berlin Conference in 1884 to
x8lmotjCQyu-00190-00045752-00045982 1885 set the colony's borders
x8lmotjCQyu-00191-00045983-00046201 delineating the boundaries of Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00192-00046202-00046417 claims in Angola although many details
x8lmotjCQyu-00193-00046418-00046742 were unresolved until the 1920s trade
x8lmotjCQyu-00194-00046743-00046924 between Portugal and her African
x8lmotjCQyu-00195-00046925-00047149 territories also rapidly increased as a
x8lmotjCQyu-00196-00047150-00047371 result of protective tariffs leading to
x8lmotjCQyu-00197-00047372-00047563 increased development and a wave of new
x8lmotjCQyu-00198-00047564-00048002 Portuguese immigrants
x8lmotjCQyu-00199-00048003-00048545 topic rise of Angolan nationalism
x8lmotjCQyu-00200-00048546-00048818 under colonial law black Angolans were
x8lmotjCQyu-00201-00048819-00049021 forbidden from forming political parties
x8lmotjCQyu-00202-00049022-00049315 or labor unions the first nationalist
x8lmotjCQyu-00203-00049316-00049517 movements did not take root until after
x8lmotjCQyu-00204-00049518-00049618 World War two
x8lmotjCQyu-00205-00049619-00049817 spearheaded by a largely westernized
x8lmotjCQyu-00206-00049818-00050030 Portuguese speaking urban class which
x8lmotjCQyu-00207-00050031-00050321 included many mestiços during the early
x8lmotjCQyu-00208-00050322-00050515 1960s they were joined by other
x8lmotjCQyu-00209-00050516-00050749 associations stemming from ad hoc labor
x8lmotjCQyu-00210-00050750-00050968 activism in the rural workforce
x8lmotjCQyu-00211-00050969-00051229 Portugal's refusal to address increasing
x8lmotjCQyu-00212-00051230-00051390 Angolan demands for self-determination
x8lmotjCQyu-00213-00051391-00051638 provoked an armed conflict which erupted
x8lmotjCQyu-00214-00051639-00051952 in 1961 with the by sudeikis and revolt
x8lmotjCQyu-00215-00051953-00052175 and gradually evolved into a protracted
x8lmotjCQyu-00216-00052176-00052373 war of independence that persisted for
x8lmotjCQyu-00217-00052374-00052604 the next 12 years throughout the
x8lmotjCQyu-00218-00052604-00052796 conflict three militant nationalist
x8lmotjCQyu-00219-00052797-00052937 movements with their own partisan
x8lmotjCQyu-00220-00052938-00053099 guerrilla wings emerged from the
x8lmotjCQyu-00221-00053100-00053237 fighting between the Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00222-00053238-00053471 government and local forces supported to
x8lmotjCQyu-00223-00053472-00053648 varying degrees by the Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00224-00053649-00053861 Communist Party the National Front for
x8lmotjCQyu-00225-00053862-00054128 the liberation of Angola FNLA recruited
x8lmotjCQyu-00226-00054129-00054357 from Bakongo refugees in Zaire
x8lmotjCQyu-00227-00054358-00054596 benefiting from particularly favorable
x8lmotjCQyu-00228-00054597-00054832 political circumstances in leupold Ville
x8lmotjCQyu-00229-00054833-00055025 and especially from a common border with
x8lmotjCQyu-00230-00055026-00055306 Zaire Angolan political exiles were able
x8lmotjCQyu-00231-00055307-00055492 to build up the power base among a large
x8lmotjCQyu-00232-00055494-00055691 expatriate community from related
x8lmotjCQyu-00233-00055691-00056005 families clans and traditions people on
x8lmotjCQyu-00234-00056007-00056210 both sides of the border spoke mutually
x8lmotjCQyu-00235-00056211-00056435 intelligible dialects and enjoyed shared
x8lmotjCQyu-00236-00056436-00056655 ties to the historical kingdom of Kongo
x8lmotjCQyu-00237-00056657-00056917 though his foreigners skilled Angolans
x8lmotjCQyu-00238-00056919-00057104 could not take advantage of Mobutu Sese
x8lmotjCQyu-00239-00057104-00057386 Seko state employment program some found
x8lmotjCQyu-00240-00057387-00057566 work as middlemen for the absentee
x8lmotjCQyu-00241-00057566-00057734 owners of various lucrative private
x8lmotjCQyu-00242-00057735-00058030 ventures the migrants eventually formed
x8lmotjCQyu-00243-00058032-00058255 the FNLA with the intention of making a
x8lmotjCQyu-00244-00058257-00058432 bid for political power upon their
x8lmotjCQyu-00245-00058433-00058691 envisaged return to angola largely ovum
x8lmotjCQyu-00246-00058691-00058871 bundu guerrilla initiative against the
x8lmotjCQyu-00247-00058872-00059162 portuguese in central angola from 1966
x8lmotjCQyu-00248-00059163-00059390 was spearheaded by jonas savimbi and the
x8lmotjCQyu-00249-00059391-00059537 National Union for the total
x8lmotjCQyu-00250-00059538-00059719 independence of Angola UNITA
x8lmotjCQyu-00251-00059720-00059938 it remained handicapped by its
x8lmotjCQyu-00252-00059939-00060119 Geographic remoteness from friendly
x8lmotjCQyu-00253-00060120-00060335 borders the ethnic fragmentation of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00254-00060336-00060563 ovum bundu and the isolation of peasants
x8lmotjCQyu-00255-00060564-00060751 on European plantations where they had
x8lmotjCQyu-00256-00060752-00061057 little opportunity to mobilize during
x8lmotjCQyu-00257-00061058-00061316 the late 1950s the rise of the Marxist
x8lmotjCQyu-00258-00061316-00061484 Leninist popular movement for the
x8lmotjCQyu-00259-00061485-00061741 liberation of Angola MPLA in the east
x8lmotjCQyu-00260-00061742-00061934 and Dumbo's hills north of Lu
x8lmotjCQyu-00261-00061935-00062210 came to hold special significance formed
x8lmotjCQyu-00262-00062211-00062404 as a coalition resistance movement by
x8lmotjCQyu-00263-00062405-00062576 the Angolan Communist Party the
x8lmotjCQyu-00264-00062577-00062755 organization's leadership remained
x8lmotjCQyu-00265-00062757-00062948 predominantly an bundu and courted
x8lmotjCQyu-00266-00062949-00063233 public sector workers in Luanda although
x8lmotjCQyu-00267-00063234-00063494 both the MPLA and its rivals accepted
x8lmotjCQyu-00268-00063495-00063677 material assistance from the Soviet
x8lmotjCQyu-00269-00063678-00063878 Union or the People's Republic of China
x8lmotjCQyu-00270-00063879-00064070 the former Harvard strong anti
x8lmotjCQyu-00271-00064071-00064250 imperialist views and was openly
x8lmotjCQyu-00272-00064251-00064429 critical of the United States and its
x8lmotjCQyu-00273-00064430-00064679 support for Portugal this allowed it to
x8lmotjCQyu-00274-00064679-00064841 win important ground on the diplomatic
x8lmotjCQyu-00275-00064841-00065045 front soliciting support from
x8lmotjCQyu-00276-00065046-00065266 non-aligned governments in Morocco Ghana
x8lmotjCQyu-00277-00065267-00065498 Guinea Mali and the United Arab Republic
x8lmotjCQyu-00278-00065499-00065744 the MPLA attempted to move its
x8lmotjCQyu-00279-00065745-00065894 headquarters from Conakry to
x8lmotjCQyu-00280-00065895-00066188 léopoldville in october 1961 renewing
x8lmotjCQyu-00281-00066189-00066374 efforts to create a common front with
x8lmotjCQyu-00282-00066375-00066581 the FNLA then known as the union of
x8lmotjCQyu-00283-00066582-00066788 Angolan people's oopah and its leader
x8lmotjCQyu-00284-00066789-00067100 Holden Roberto Roberto turned down the
x8lmotjCQyu-00285-00067101-00067382 offer when the MPLA first attempted to
x8lmotjCQyu-00286-00067383-00067577 insert its own insurgents into Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-00287-00067578-00067745 the kendrys were ambushed and
x8lmotjCQyu-00288-00067746-00067928 annihilated by oopah partisans on
x8lmotjCQyu-00289-00067929-00068186 Roberto's orders setting a precedent for
x8lmotjCQyu-00290-00068187-00068348 the bitter factional strife which would
x8lmotjCQyu-00291-00068349-00068810 later ignite the Angolan Civil War
x8lmotjCQyu-00292-00068811-00069274 topic civil war
x8lmotjCQyu-00293-00069275-00069530 throughout the war of independence the
x8lmotjCQyu-00294-00069531-00069716 three rival nationalist movements were
x8lmotjCQyu-00295-00069717-00069899 severely hampered by political and
x8lmotjCQyu-00296-00069900-00070106 military factionalism as well as their
x8lmotjCQyu-00297-00070107-00070292 inability to unite guerilla efforts
x8lmotjCQyu-00298-00070293-00070660 against the Portuguese between 1961 and
x8lmotjCQyu-00299-00070661-00071003 1975 the MPLA UNITA and the FNLA
x8lmotjCQyu-00300-00071004-00071218 competed for influence in the Engelland
x8lmotjCQyu-00301-00071219-00071380 population in the international
x8lmotjCQyu-00302-00071381-00071632 community the Soviet Union and Cuba
x8lmotjCQyu-00303-00071633-00071873 became especially sympathetic towards
x8lmotjCQyu-00304-00071874-00072098 the MPLA and supplied that party with
x8lmotjCQyu-00305-00072099-00072331 arms ammunition funding and training
x8lmotjCQyu-00306-00072332-00072611 they also backed UNITA militants until
x8lmotjCQyu-00307-00072612-00072787 it became clear that the latter was at
x8lmotjCQyu-00308-00072788-00073034 irreconcilable odds with the MPLA the
x8lmotjCQyu-00309-00073035-00073201 collapse of Portugal's estado novo
x8lmotjCQyu-00310-00073202-00073472 government following the 1974 Carnation
x8lmotjCQyu-00311-00073473-00073718 Revolution suspended all Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00312-00073719-00073922 military activity in Africa and the
x8lmotjCQyu-00313-00073923-00074087 brokering of a ceasefire pending
x8lmotjCQyu-00314-00074088-00074329 negotiations for Angolan independence
x8lmotjCQyu-00315-00074330-00074551 encouraged by the organisation of
x8lmotjCQyu-00316-00074552-00074810 African Unity Holden Roberto Jonas
x8lmotjCQyu-00317-00074811-00075074 Savimbi an MP la chairman Agostinho Neto
x8lmotjCQyu-00318-00075075-00075449 met in Mombasa in early January 1975 and
x8lmotjCQyu-00319-00075450-00075604 agreed to form a coalition government
x8lmotjCQyu-00320-00075605-00075911 this was ratified by the Alwar agreement
x8lmotjCQyu-00321-00075912-00076051 later that month which called for
x8lmotjCQyu-00322-00076052-00076250 general elections and set the country's
x8lmotjCQyu-00323-00076251-00076424 independence date for the 11th of
x8lmotjCQyu-00324-00076425-00076819 November 1975 all three factions however
x8lmotjCQyu-00325-00076820-00077038 followed up on the ceasefire by taking
x8lmotjCQyu-00326-00077039-00077225 advantage of the gradual Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00327-00077226-00077380 withdrawal to seize various strategic
x8lmotjCQyu-00328-00077381-00077644 positions acquire more arms and enlarge
x8lmotjCQyu-00329-00077645-00077926 their militant forces the rapid influx
x8lmotjCQyu-00330-00077927-00078112 of weapons from numerous external
x8lmotjCQyu-00331-00078113-00078355 sources especially the Soviet Union and
x8lmotjCQyu-00332-00078356-00078509 the United States as well as the
x8lmotjCQyu-00333-00078510-00078692 escalation of tensions between the
x8lmotjCQyu-00334-00078693-00078866 nationalist parties fueled a new
x8lmotjCQyu-00335-00078867-00079138 outbreak of hostilities with tacit
x8lmotjCQyu-00336-00079139-00079381 American and Zyra and support the FNLA
x8lmotjCQyu-00337-00079382-00079616 began massing large numbers of troops in
x8lmotjCQyu-00338-00079617-00079799 northern Angola in an attempt to gain
x8lmotjCQyu-00339-00079800-00080165 military superiority meanwhile the MPLA
x8lmotjCQyu-00340-00080166-00080380 began securing control of Luanda a
x8lmotjCQyu-00341-00080381-00080690 traditional AM bundu stronghold sporadic
x8lmotjCQyu-00342-00080691-00080893 violence broke out in Luanda over the
x8lmotjCQyu-00343-00080894-00081134 next few months after the FNLA attacked
x8lmotjCQyu-00344-00081135-00081556 MPLA forces in March 1975 the fighting
x8lmotjCQyu-00345-00081557-00081787 intensified with Street clashes in April
x8lmotjCQyu-00346-00081788-00081965 and May and you need to became involved
x8lmotjCQyu-00347-00081966-00082175 after over 200 of its members were
x8lmotjCQyu-00348-00082176-00082409 massacred by an MPLA contingent that
x8lmotjCQyu-00349-00082410-00082487 June
x8lmotjCQyu-00350-00082488-00082730 an upswing in Soviet arms shipments to
x8lmotjCQyu-00351-00082731-00082959 the MPLA influenced a decision by the
x8lmotjCQyu-00352-00082960-00083184 Central Intelligence Agency to likewise
x8lmotjCQyu-00353-00083185-00083403 provide substantial covert aid to the
x8lmotjCQyu-00354-00083404-00083792 FNLA and UNITA in August 1975 the MPLA
x8lmotjCQyu-00355-00083793-00084003 requested direct assistance from the
x8lmotjCQyu-00356-00084004-00084173 Soviet Union in the form of ground
x8lmotjCQyu-00357-00084174-00084230 troops
x8lmotjCQyu-00358-00084231-00084497 the Soviets declined offering to send
x8lmotjCQyu-00359-00084498-00084771 advisors but no troops however Cuba was
x8lmotjCQyu-00360-00084772-00084965 more forthcoming and in late September
x8lmotjCQyu-00361-00084966-00085229 dispatched nearly 500 combat personnel
x8lmotjCQyu-00362-00085230-00085415 to Angola along with sophisticated
x8lmotjCQyu-00363-00085416-00085712 weaponry and supplies by Independence
x8lmotjCQyu-00364-00085713-00085868 there were over a thousand Cuban
x8lmotjCQyu-00365-00085869-00086117 soldiers in the country they were kept
x8lmotjCQyu-00366-00086118-00086312 supplied by a massive air bridge carried
x8lmotjCQyu-00367-00086313-00086597 out with Soviet aircraft the persistent
x8lmotjCQyu-00368-00086598-00086840 buildup of Cuban and Soviet military aid
x8lmotjCQyu-00369-00086841-00087078 allowed the MPLA to drive its opponents
x8lmotjCQyu-00370-00087079-00087240 from Luanda and blunt an abortive
x8lmotjCQyu-00371-00087241-00087482 intervention by Zion and South African
x8lmotjCQyu-00372-00087483-00087659 troops which had deployed in a belated
x8lmotjCQyu-00373-00087660-00087992 attempt to assist the FNLA and UNITA the
x8lmotjCQyu-00374-00087993-00088229 FNLA was largely annihilated although
x8lmotjCQyu-00375-00088230-00088409 Uneeda managed to withdraw its civil
x8lmotjCQyu-00376-00088410-00088604 officials in militia from Luanda and
x8lmotjCQyu-00377-00088605-00088819 seek sanctuary in the southern provinces
x8lmotjCQyu-00378-00088820-00089087 from their Savimbi continued to mount a
x8lmotjCQyu-00379-00089088-00089276 determined insurgent campaign against
x8lmotjCQyu-00380-00089277-00089835 the MPLA between 1975 and 1991 the MPLA
x8lmotjCQyu-00381-00089836-00090011 implemented an economic and political
x8lmotjCQyu-00382-00090012-00090215 system based on the principles of
x8lmotjCQyu-00383-00090216-00090435 scientific socialism incorporating
x8lmotjCQyu-00384-00090436-00090611 central planning and a Marxist Leninist
x8lmotjCQyu-00385-00090612-00090887 one-party state it embarked on an
x8lmotjCQyu-00386-00090888-00091059 ambitious programme of nationalization
x8lmotjCQyu-00387-00091060-00091274 and the domestic private sector was
x8lmotjCQyu-00388-00091275-00091532 essentially abolished privately owned
x8lmotjCQyu-00389-00091533-00091722 enterprises were nationalized and
x8lmotjCQyu-00390-00091723-00091947 incorporated into a single umbrella of
x8lmotjCQyu-00391-00091948-00092115 state-owned enterprises known as
x8lmotjCQyu-00392-00092116-00092384 unidades economic as a state a ue e
x8lmotjCQyu-00393-00092385-00092711 under the MPLA angola experienced a
x8lmotjCQyu-00394-00092712-00092852 significant degree of modern
x8lmotjCQyu-00395-00092853-00092972 industrialization
x8lmotjCQyu-00396-00092973-00093242 however corruption and graft also
x8lmotjCQyu-00397-00093243-00093431 increased in public resources were
x8lmotjCQyu-00398-00093432-00093647 either allocated inefficiently or simply
x8lmotjCQyu-00399-00093648-00093830 embezzled by officials for personal
x8lmotjCQyu-00400-00093831-00094118 enrichment the ruling party survived an
x8lmotjCQyu-00401-00094119-00094313 attempted coup d'etat by the Maoist
x8lmotjCQyu-00402-00094314-00094517 oriented communist organization of
x8lmotjCQyu-00403-00094518-00094884 angola OCA in 1977 which was suppressed
x8lmotjCQyu-00404-00094885-00095078 after a series of bloody political
x8lmotjCQyu-00405-00095079-00095322 purges left thousands of OCA supporters
x8lmotjCQyu-00406-00095323-00095555 dead the MPLA abandoned its former
x8lmotjCQyu-00407-00095556-00095772 marxist ideology at its third party
x8lmotjCQyu-00408-00095773-00095851 congress in
x8lmotjCQyu-00409-00095852-00096112 1990 and declared social democracy to be
x8lmotjCQyu-00410-00096113-00096400 its new platform Angola subsequently
x8lmotjCQyu-00411-00096401-00096580 became a member of the International
x8lmotjCQyu-00412-00096581-00096805 Monetary Fund restrictions on the market
x8lmotjCQyu-00413-00096806-00097018 economy were also reduced in an attempt
x8lmotjCQyu-00414-00097019-00097336 to draw foreign investment by May 1991
x8lmotjCQyu-00415-00097337-00097561 it reached a peace agreement with UNITA
x8lmotjCQyu-00416-00097562-00097778 the buy cess Accords which scheduled new
x8lmotjCQyu-00417-00097779-00098041 general elections for September 1992
x8lmotjCQyu-00418-00098042-00098386 when the MPLA secured a major electoral
x8lmotjCQyu-00419-00098387-00098557 victory you need not objected to the
x8lmotjCQyu-00420-00098558-00098737 results of both the presidential and
x8lmotjCQyu-00421-00098738-00098971 legislative vote count and return to war
x8lmotjCQyu-00422-00098972-00099209 following the election the Halloween
x8lmotjCQyu-00423-00099210-00099442 Massacre occurred from October 30th to
x8lmotjCQyu-00424-00099443-00099700 November 1st where MPLA forces killed
x8lmotjCQyu-00425-00099701-00100128 thousands of UNITA supporters
x8lmotjCQyu-00426-00100129-00100680 topic ceasefire with UNITA
x8lmotjCQyu-00427-00100681-00101065 on the 22nd of March 2002 Jonas Savimbi
x8lmotjCQyu-00428-00101066-00101244 was killed in action against government
x8lmotjCQyu-00429-00101245-00101547 troops UNITA in the MPLA reached a
x8lmotjCQyu-00430-00101548-00101859 ceasefire shortly afterwards UNITA gave
x8lmotjCQyu-00431-00101860-00102030 up its armed wing and assumed the role
x8lmotjCQyu-00432-00102031-00102318 of a major opposition party although the
x8lmotjCQyu-00433-00102319-00102537 political situation of the country began
x8lmotjCQyu-00434-00102538-00102732 to stabilize regular democratic
x8lmotjCQyu-00435-00102733-00102918 processes did not prevail until the
x8lmotjCQyu-00436-00102919-00103242 elections in Angola in 2008 and 2012 in
x8lmotjCQyu-00437-00103243-00103428 the adoption of a new constitution in
x8lmotjCQyu-00438-00103429-00103629 2010 all of which strengthened the
x8lmotjCQyu-00439-00103630-00103941 prevailing dominant party system Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-00440-00103942-00104197 has a serious humanitarian crisis the
x8lmotjCQyu-00441-00104198-00104374 result of the prolonged war of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00442-00104375-00104580 abundance of minefields of the continued
x8lmotjCQyu-00443-00104581-00104746 political and to a much lesser degree
x8lmotjCQyu-00444-00104747-00104988 military activities in favour of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00445-00104989-00105186 Independence of the exclave of Cabinda
x8lmotjCQyu-00446-00105187-00105346 carried out in the context of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00447-00105347-00105612 protracted cabinda conflict by the flec
x8lmotjCQyu-00448-00105613-00105825 but most of all by the depredation of
x8lmotjCQyu-00449-00105826-00106029 the country's rich mineral resources by
x8lmotjCQyu-00450-00106030-00106278 the regime while most of the internally
x8lmotjCQyu-00451-00106279-00106458 displaced have now settled around the
x8lmotjCQyu-00452-00106459-00106659 capital in the so called mus --ax the
x8lmotjCQyu-00453-00106660-00106875 general situation for angle ins remains
x8lmotjCQyu-00454-00106876-00107122 desperate drought in 2016 caused the
x8lmotjCQyu-00455-00107123-00107347 worst food crisis in southern Africa in
x8lmotjCQyu-00456-00107348-00107703 25 years drought affected 1.4 million
x8lmotjCQyu-00457-00107704-00107934 people across seven of Angola's 18
x8lmotjCQyu-00458-00107935-00108247 provinces food prices rose and acute
x8lmotjCQyu-00459-00108248-00108435 malnutrition rates doubled with more
x8lmotjCQyu-00460-00108436-00108729 than 95,000 children affected food
x8lmotjCQyu-00461-00108730-00108951 insecurity was expected to worsen from
x8lmotjCQyu-00462-00108952-00109435 July to December 2016
x8lmotjCQyu-00463-00109436-00109964 topic geography
x8lmotjCQyu-00464-00109965-00110209 at 1 million two hundred forty six
x8lmotjCQyu-00465-00110210-00110390 thousand six hundred twenty square
x8lmotjCQyu-00466-00110391-00110567 kilometers four hundred eighty one
x8lmotjCQyu-00467-00110568-00110795 thousand three hundred twenty one square
x8lmotjCQyu-00468-00110796-00111089 miles Angola is the world's 23rd largest
x8lmotjCQyu-00469-00111090-00111310 country comparable in size to Mali or
x8lmotjCQyu-00470-00111311-00111617 twice the size of France or of Texas it
x8lmotjCQyu-00471-00111618-00111824 lies mostly between latitudes four
x8lmotjCQyu-00472-00111825-00112025 degrees and eighteen degrees south and
x8lmotjCQyu-00473-00112026-00112229 longitudes twelve degrees and twenty
x8lmotjCQyu-00474-00112230-00112372 four degrees east
x8lmotjCQyu-00475-00112373-00112631 Angola borders Namibia to the south
x8lmotjCQyu-00476-00112632-00112829 Zambia to the east the Democratic
x8lmotjCQyu-00477-00112830-00113024 Republic of the Congo to the Northeast
x8lmotjCQyu-00478-00113025-00113215 in the South Atlantic Ocean to the west
x8lmotjCQyu-00479-00113216-00113495 the coastal exclave of Cabinda in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00480-00113496-00113681 north has borders with the Republic of
x8lmotjCQyu-00481-00113682-00113831 the Congo to the north and with the
x8lmotjCQyu-00482-00113832-00114034 Democratic Republic of the Congo to the
x8lmotjCQyu-00483-00114035-00114395 south and goal is capital Luanda lies on
x8lmotjCQyu-00484-00114396-00114578 the Atlantic coast in the northwest of
x8lmotjCQyu-00485-00114579-00114997 the country
x8lmotjCQyu-00486-00114998-00115425 topic climate
x8lmotjCQyu-00487-00115426-00115674 Angola although located in a tropical
x8lmotjCQyu-00488-00115675-00115866 zone has a climate that is not
x8lmotjCQyu-00489-00115867-00116067 characterized for this region due to the
x8lmotjCQyu-00490-00116068-00116360 confluence of three factors the Benguela
x8lmotjCQyu-00491-00116361-00116577 current cold along the southern part of
x8lmotjCQyu-00492-00116578-00116911 the coast the relief in the interior
x8lmotjCQyu-00493-00116913-00117141 influence of the Namib Desert in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00494-00117142-00117390 southwest as a result Angola's climate
x8lmotjCQyu-00495-00117391-00117627 is characterized by two seasons rainfall
x8lmotjCQyu-00496-00117628-00117822 from October to April and drought known
x8lmotjCQyu-00497-00117823-00118077 as Qasim Bo from May to August drier as
x8lmotjCQyu-00498-00118078-00118248 the name implies and with lower
x8lmotjCQyu-00499-00118249-00118515 temperatures on the other hand while the
x8lmotjCQyu-00500-00118516-00118698 coastline has high rainfall rates
x8lmotjCQyu-00501-00118699-00118896 decreasing from north to south and from
x8lmotjCQyu-00502-00118897-00119175 800 millimetres 31 inches to 50
x8lmotjCQyu-00503-00119176-00119490 millimetres to 0 inches with average
x8lmotjCQyu-00504-00119491-00119730 annual temperatures above 23 degrees
x8lmotjCQyu-00505-00119731-00119997 Celsius 73 degrees Fahrenheit the
x8lmotjCQyu-00506-00119998-00120207 interior zone can be divided into three
x8lmotjCQyu-00507-00120208-00120507 areas north with high rainfall and high
x8lmotjCQyu-00508-00120508-00120846 temperatures central plateau with a dry
x8lmotjCQyu-00509-00120847-00121038 season and average temperatures of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00510-00121039-00121389 order of 19 degrees Celsius South with
x8lmotjCQyu-00511-00121390-00121590 very high thermal amplitudes due to the
x8lmotjCQyu-00512-00121591-00121803 proximity of the Kalahari Desert and the
x8lmotjCQyu-00513-00121804-00122289 influence of masses of tropical air
x8lmotjCQyu-00514-00122290-00122801 topic politics
x8lmotjCQyu-00515-00122802-00123038 the Angolan government is composed of
x8lmotjCQyu-00516-00123039-00123223 three branches of government executive
x8lmotjCQyu-00517-00123224-00123558 legislative and judicial the executive
x8lmotjCQyu-00518-00123558-00123740 branch of the government is composed of
x8lmotjCQyu-00519-00123741-00123923 the president the vice-president's and
x8lmotjCQyu-00520-00123924-00124208 the Council of Ministers the legislative
x8lmotjCQyu-00521-00124209-00124506 branch comprises a 220 seat unicameral
x8lmotjCQyu-00522-00124507-00124745 legislature elected from both provincial
x8lmotjCQyu-00523-00124746-00125015 and nationwide constituencies for
x8lmotjCQyu-00524-00125016-00125201 decades political power has been
x8lmotjCQyu-00525-00125202-00125483 concentrated in the presidency the
x8lmotjCQyu-00526-00125484-00125735 constitution of 2010 establishes the
x8lmotjCQyu-00527-00125736-00125921 broad outlines of government structure
x8lmotjCQyu-00528-00125922-00126093 and delineates the rights and duties of
x8lmotjCQyu-00529-00126094-00126389 citizens the legal system is based on
x8lmotjCQyu-00530-00126390-00126620 Portuguese law and customary law but as
x8lmotjCQyu-00531-00126621-00126800 weak and fragmented and courts operate
x8lmotjCQyu-00532-00126801-00127037 in only twelve of more than 140
x8lmotjCQyu-00533-00127038-00127361 municipalities a Supreme Court serves as
x8lmotjCQyu-00534-00127362-00127586 the Appellate Tribunal a Constitutional
x8lmotjCQyu-00535-00127587-00127731 Court does not hold the powers of
x8lmotjCQyu-00536-00127732-00128024 judicial review governors of the 18
x8lmotjCQyu-00537-00128025-00128231 provinces are appointed by the president
x8lmotjCQyu-00538-00128232-00128486 after the end of the Civil War the
x8lmotjCQyu-00539-00128487-00128654 regime came under pressure from within
x8lmotjCQyu-00540-00128655-00128810 as well as from the international
x8lmotjCQyu-00541-00128811-00129018 community to become more democratic and
x8lmotjCQyu-00542-00129019-00129302 less authoritarian its reaction was to
x8lmotjCQyu-00543-00129303-00129464 implement a number of changes without
x8lmotjCQyu-00544-00129465-00129665 substantially changing its character
x8lmotjCQyu-00545-00129666-00129902 Angola is classified as not free by
x8lmotjCQyu-00546-00129903-00130058 Freedom House in the freedom in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00547-00130059-00130388 world 2014 report the report noted that
x8lmotjCQyu-00548-00130389-00130640 the August 2012 parliamentary elections
x8lmotjCQyu-00549-00130641-00130850 in which the ruling popular movement for
x8lmotjCQyu-00550-00130851-00131036 the liberation of Angola won more than
x8lmotjCQyu-00551-00131037-00131252 70 percent of the vote suffered from
x8lmotjCQyu-00552-00131253-00131474 serious flaws including outdated and
x8lmotjCQyu-00553-00131475-00131753 inaccurate voter rolls voter turnout
x8lmotjCQyu-00554-00131754-00132038 dropped from 80 percent in 2008 to 60
x8lmotjCQyu-00555-00132039-00132318 percent Angola scored poorly on the 2013
x8lmotjCQyu-00556-00132319-00132539 Ibrahim index of African Governance it
x8lmotjCQyu-00557-00132540-00132896 was ranked 39 out of 52 sub-saharan
x8lmotjCQyu-00558-00132897-00133127 African countries scoring particularly
x8lmotjCQyu-00559-00133128-00133364 badly in the areas of participation and
x8lmotjCQyu-00560-00133365-00133565 human rights sustainable Economic
x8lmotjCQyu-00561-00133566-00133754 Opportunity and human development
x8lmotjCQyu-00562-00133755-00134021 the Ibrahim index uses a number of
x8lmotjCQyu-00563-00134022-00134207 variables to compile its list which
x8lmotjCQyu-00564-00134208-00134375 reflects the state of governance in
x8lmotjCQyu-00565-00134376-00134437 Africa
x8lmotjCQyu-00566-00134438-00134816 the new constitution adopted in 2010 did
x8lmotjCQyu-00567-00134817-00134984 away with presidential elections
x8lmotjCQyu-00568-00134985-00135164 introducing a system in which the
x8lmotjCQyu-00569-00135165-00135329 president and the vice-president of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00570-00135330-00135479 political party that wins the
x8lmotjCQyu-00571-00135480-00135665 parliamentary elections automatically
x8lmotjCQyu-00572-00135666-00135874 become president and vice president
x8lmotjCQyu-00573-00135875-00136131 directly or indirectly the president
x8lmotjCQyu-00574-00136132-00136197 controls
x8lmotjCQyu-00575-00136198-00136391 other organs of the state so there is de
x8lmotjCQyu-00576-00136392-00136679 facto no separation of powers in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00577-00136680-00136914 classifications used in constitutional
x8lmotjCQyu-00578-00136915-00137088 law this government falls under the
x8lmotjCQyu-00579-00137089-00137329 category of authoritarian regime on the
x8lmotjCQyu-00580-00137330-00137706 16th of October 2014 Angola was elected
x8lmotjCQyu-00581-00137707-00137901 for the second time as a non permanent
x8lmotjCQyu-00582-00137902-00138120 member of the UN Security Council with
x8lmotjCQyu-00583-00138121-00138525 190 favorable votes out of 193 the
x8lmotjCQyu-00584-00138526-00138791 mandate began on the 1st of January 2015
x8lmotjCQyu-00585-00138792-00139050 and lasts for two years also that month
x8lmotjCQyu-00586-00139051-00139229 the country took on the leadership of
x8lmotjCQyu-00587-00139230-00139419 the African ministers and governors at
x8lmotjCQyu-00588-00139420-00139614 the International Monetary Fund and the
x8lmotjCQyu-00589-00139615-00139790 World Bank following debates at the
x8lmotjCQyu-00590-00139791-00139983 annual meetings of both entities since
x8lmotjCQyu-00591-00139984-00140286 January 2014 the Republic of Angola has
x8lmotjCQyu-00592-00140287-00140453 held the rotating presidency of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00593-00140454-00140615 International Conference on the Great
x8lmotjCQyu-00594-00140616-00141060 Lakes region IC GL are in 2015 the
x8lmotjCQyu-00595-00141061-00141341 executive secretary of ICG LR and
x8lmotjCQyu-00596-00141342-00141590 tombola Abba called Angola an example to
x8lmotjCQyu-00597-00141591-00141768 be followed because of the significant
x8lmotjCQyu-00598-00141769-00141960 progress it made over the 12 years of
x8lmotjCQyu-00599-00141961-00142146 peace particularly in terms of
x8lmotjCQyu-00600-00142147-00142368 socio-economic and political military
x8lmotjCQyu-00601-00142369-00142719 stability after 38 years of rule in 2017
x8lmotjCQyu-00602-00142720-00142923 president dos Santos stepped down from
x8lmotjCQyu-00603-00142924-00143196 MPLA leadership the leader of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00604-00143197-00143352 winning party at the parliamentary
x8lmotjCQyu-00605-00143353-00143640 elections in August 2017 become the next
x8lmotjCQyu-00606-00143641-00143973 president of Angola the MPLA selected
x8lmotjCQyu-00607-00143974-00144174 defence minister general chaiwallah
x8lmotjCQyu-00608-00144175-00144378 renko and won the election in what has
x8lmotjCQyu-00609-00144379-00144561 been described as a political purge to
x8lmotjCQyu-00610-00144562-00144735 cement his power and reduce the
x8lmotjCQyu-00611-00144736-00144939 influence of the dos Santos family
x8lmotjCQyu-00612-00144940-00145161 Lorenzo subsequently sacked the chief of
x8lmotjCQyu-00613-00145162-00145269 the National Police
x8lmotjCQyu-00614-00145270-00145466 Ambrosio de la Mo's and the head of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00615-00145467-00145695 intelligence service apolinario Jose
x8lmotjCQyu-00616-00145696-00145971 Pereira both are considered allies of
x8lmotjCQyu-00617-00145972-00146216 former president dos Santos he also
x8lmotjCQyu-00618-00146217-00146463 removed Isabel dos Santos daughter of
x8lmotjCQyu-00619-00146464-00146622 the former president as head of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00620-00146623-00147093 country's state oil companies an angle
x8lmotjCQyu-00621-00147094-00147604 topic armed forces
x8lmotjCQyu-00622-00147605-00147925 the Angolan Armed Forces AAF is headed
x8lmotjCQyu-00623-00147926-00148120 by a chief of staff who reports to the
x8lmotjCQyu-00624-00148121-00148354 Minister of Defense there are three
x8lmotjCQyu-00625-00148355-00148693 divisions the army exército Navy marina
x8lmotjCQyu-00626-00148694-00148966 de guerra mga and National Air Force
x8lmotjCQyu-00627-00148967-00149311 força aérea Nacional van total manpower
x8lmotjCQyu-00628-00149312-00149677 is about 110,000 its equipment includes
x8lmotjCQyu-00629-00149678-00149893 Russian manufactured fighters bombers
x8lmotjCQyu-00630-00149894-00150103 and transport planes there are also
x8lmotjCQyu-00631-00150104-00150424 Brazilian made EMB 312 two condos for
x8lmotjCQyu-00632-00150425-00150688 training Czech made l-39s for training
x8lmotjCQyu-00633-00150689-00150889 and bombing and a variety of Western
x8lmotjCQyu-00634-00150890-00151222 made aircraft such as the C 212 Avio car
x8lmotjCQyu-00635-00151223-00151582 sud aviation Alouette 3 etc a small
x8lmotjCQyu-00636-00151583-00151813 number of AAF personnel are stationed in
x8lmotjCQyu-00637-00151814-00151969 the Democratic Republic of the Congo
x8lmotjCQyu-00638-00151970-00152236 Kinshasa and the Republic of the Congo
x8lmotjCQyu-00639-00152237-00152580 Brazzaville
x8lmotjCQyu-00640-00152581-00153051 topic police
x8lmotjCQyu-00641-00153052-00153273 the national police departments are
x8lmotjCQyu-00642-00153274-00153483 Public Order criminal investigation
x8lmotjCQyu-00643-00153484-00153747 traffic and transport investigation and
x8lmotjCQyu-00644-00153748-00153930 inspection of economic activities
x8lmotjCQyu-00645-00153931-00154179 taxation and frontier supervision riot
x8lmotjCQyu-00646-00154180-00154388 police and the Rapid Intervention Police
x8lmotjCQyu-00647-00154389-00154665 the National Police are in the process
x8lmotjCQyu-00648-00154666-00154848 of standing up in air wing to provide
x8lmotjCQyu-00649-00154849-00155139 helicopter support for operations the
x8lmotjCQyu-00650-00155140-00155307 National Police are developing their
x8lmotjCQyu-00651-00155308-00155502 criminal investigation and forensic
x8lmotjCQyu-00652-00155503-00155739 capabilities the force has an estimated
x8lmotjCQyu-00653-00155740-00156081 six thousand patrol officers 2,500
x8lmotjCQyu-00654-00156082-00156270 taxation and frontier supervision
x8lmotjCQyu-00655-00156271-00156600 officers 182 criminal investigators and
x8lmotjCQyu-00656-00156601-00156846 100 Financial Crimes detectives and
x8lmotjCQyu-00657-00156847-00157083 around 90 economic activity inspectors
x8lmotjCQyu-00658-00157084-00157281 the National Police have implemented a
x8lmotjCQyu-00659-00157282-00157485 modernization and development plan to
x8lmotjCQyu-00660-00157486-00157692 increase the capabilities and efficiency
x8lmotjCQyu-00661-00157693-00157938 of the total force in addition to
x8lmotjCQyu-00662-00157939-00158096 administrative reorganization
x8lmotjCQyu-00663-00158097-00158295 modernization projects include
x8lmotjCQyu-00664-00158296-00158520 procurement of new vehicles aircraft and
x8lmotjCQyu-00665-00158521-00158712 equipment construction of new police
x8lmotjCQyu-00666-00158713-00158910 stations and forensic laboratories
x8lmotjCQyu-00667-00158911-00159111 restructured training programs and the
x8lmotjCQyu-00668-00159112-00159300 replacement of AKM rifles with
x8lmotjCQyu-00669-00159301-00159543 9-millimeters Uzis for officers in urban
x8lmotjCQyu-00670-00159544-00159926 areas
x8lmotjCQyu-00671-00159927-00160349 topic justice
x8lmotjCQyu-00672-00160350-00160583 a Supreme Court serves as a Court of
x8lmotjCQyu-00673-00160584-00160832 Appeal the constitutional court as the
x8lmotjCQyu-00674-00160833-00161021 supreme body of the constitutional
x8lmotjCQyu-00675-00161022-00161225 jurisdiction it's organic law was
x8lmotjCQyu-00676-00161226-00161546 approved by law number 208 of June 17th
x8lmotjCQyu-00677-00161547-00161717 and the legal system is based on
x8lmotjCQyu-00678-00161718-00161945 Portuguese and customary laws but it is
x8lmotjCQyu-00679-00161946-00162206 weak and fragmented there are only 12
x8lmotjCQyu-00680-00162207-00162461 courts in more than 140 counties in the
x8lmotjCQyu-00681-00162462-00162716 country with the approval of law number
x8lmotjCQyu-00682-00162717-00163031 208 of June 17th Organic Law of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00683-00163032-00163258 Constitutional Court and law on
x8lmotjCQyu-00684-00163259-00163589 308 of June 17th organic law of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00685-00163590-00163784 constitutional process the legal
x8lmotjCQyu-00686-00163785-00164060 creation of the Constitutional Court its
x8lmotjCQyu-00687-00164061-00164261 first task was the validation of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00688-00164262-00164468 candidacies of the political parties to
x8lmotjCQyu-00689-00164469-00164660 the legislative elections of the 5th of
x8lmotjCQyu-00690-00164661-00165029 September 2008 thus on June 25th 2008
x8lmotjCQyu-00691-00165030-00165188 the Constitutional Court was
x8lmotjCQyu-00692-00165189-00165377 institutionalized and its judicial
x8lmotjCQyu-00693-00165378-00165566 councilors assumed the position before
x8lmotjCQyu-00694-00165567-00165836 the President of the Republic currently
x8lmotjCQyu-00695-00165837-00166091 7 advisory judges are present four men
x8lmotjCQyu-00696-00166092-00166460 and three women in 2014 a new Penal Code
x8lmotjCQyu-00697-00166461-00166787 took effect in Angola the classification
x8lmotjCQyu-00698-00166788-00166979 of money-laundering as a crime is one of
x8lmotjCQyu-00699-00166980-00167434 the novelties in the new legislation
x8lmotjCQyu-00700-00167435-00167965 topic foreign relations
x8lmotjCQyu-00701-00167966-00168322 on the 16th of October 2014 Angola was
x8lmotjCQyu-00702-00168323-00168487 elected for the second time a non
x8lmotjCQyu-00703-00168488-00168643 permanent member of the United Nations
x8lmotjCQyu-00704-00168644-00168952 Security Council with 190 favorable
x8lmotjCQyu-00705-00168953-00169321 votes out of a total of 193 the term of
x8lmotjCQyu-00706-00169322-00169588 office begins on the 1st of January 2015
x8lmotjCQyu-00707-00169589-00169846 and lasts for two years since January
x8lmotjCQyu-00708-00169847-00170122 2014 the Republic of Angola has been
x8lmotjCQyu-00709-00170123-00170266 chairing the International Conference
x8lmotjCQyu-00710-00170267-00170428 for the Great Lakes region
x8lmotjCQyu-00711-00170429-00170779 Cir GL 80 in 2015
x8lmotjCQyu-00712-00170780-00171094 Cir GL executive secretary and tombolo
x8lmotjCQyu-00713-00171095-00171310 Abbas said that Angola is the example to
x8lmotjCQyu-00714-00171311-00171442 be followed by the members of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00715-00171443-00171634 organization due to the significant
x8lmotjCQyu-00716-00171635-00171817 progress made during the 12 years of
x8lmotjCQyu-00717-00171818-00172069 peace namely in terms of socio economic
x8lmotjCQyu-00718-00172070-00172522 stability and political military
x8lmotjCQyu-00719-00172523-00173046 topic human rights
x8lmotjCQyu-00720-00173047-00173290 homosexual acts are currently illegal in
x8lmotjCQyu-00721-00173291-00173638 Angola however in February 2017 the
x8lmotjCQyu-00722-00173639-00173851 Angolan Parliament approved a new Penal
x8lmotjCQyu-00723-00173852-00174052 Code which does not outlaw homosexual
x8lmotjCQyu-00724-00174053-00174286 acts the law went through the first
x8lmotjCQyu-00725-00174287-00174523 phases of adoption in 2017
x8lmotjCQyu-00726-00174524-00174838 in 2010 the Angolan government refused
x8lmotjCQyu-00727-00174839-00175082 to receive openly gay seanica as the new
x8lmotjCQyu-00728-00175083-00175312 Israeli ambassador allegedly due to his
x8lmotjCQyu-00729-00175313-00175731 sexual orientation
x8lmotjCQyu-00730-00175732-00176321 topic administrative divisions
x8lmotjCQyu-00731-00176322-00176675 as of March 2016 Angola is divided into
x8lmotjCQyu-00732-00176676-00176993 18 provinces provincia s-- and 162
x8lmotjCQyu-00733-00176994-00177289 municipalities the municipalities are
x8lmotjCQyu-00734-00177290-00177577 further divided into 559 communes
x8lmotjCQyu-00735-00177578-00178095 townships the provinces are
x8lmotjCQyu-00736-00178096-00178646 topic exclave of Cabinda
x8lmotjCQyu-00737-00178647-00179053 with an area of approximately 7,000 283
x8lmotjCQyu-00738-00179054-00179416 square kilometres 2812 square miles the
x8lmotjCQyu-00739-00179417-00179627 northern Angolan province of cabin de is
x8lmotjCQyu-00740-00179628-00179839 unusual in being separated from the rest
x8lmotjCQyu-00741-00179840-00180052 of the country by a strip some 60
x8lmotjCQyu-00742-00180053-00180289 kilometers 37 miles wide of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00743-00180290-00180514 Democratic Republic of Congo along the
x8lmotjCQyu-00744-00180515-00180802 lower Congo River Cabinda borders the
x8lmotjCQyu-00745-00180803-00180989 Congo Republic to the north and north
x8lmotjCQyu-00746-00180990-00181211 northeast in the DRC to the east and
x8lmotjCQyu-00747-00181212-00181475 south the town of cabinda as the chief
x8lmotjCQyu-00748-00181476-00181850 population center according to a 1995
x8lmotjCQyu-00749-00181851-00182041 census cabinda had an estimated
x8lmotjCQyu-00750-00182042-00182340 population of 600,000 approximately
x8lmotjCQyu-00751-00182341-00182549 400,000 of whom live in neighboring
x8lmotjCQyu-00752-00182550-00182819 countries population estimates are
x8lmotjCQyu-00753-00182820-00183086 however highly unreliable consisting
x8lmotjCQyu-00754-00183087-00183304 largely of tropical forests Cabinda
x8lmotjCQyu-00755-00183305-00183569 produces hardwoods coffee cocoa crude
x8lmotjCQyu-00756-00183570-00183845 rubber and palm oil the product for
x8lmotjCQyu-00757-00183846-00184049 which it is best known however is its
x8lmotjCQyu-00758-00184050-00184216 oil which has given it the nickname the
x8lmotjCQyu-00759-00184217-00184547 Kuwait of Africa Cabinda is petroleum
x8lmotjCQyu-00760-00184548-00184721 production from its considerable
x8lmotjCQyu-00761-00184722-00184915 offshore reserves now accounts for more
x8lmotjCQyu-00762-00184916-00185207 than half of Angola's output most of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00763-00185208-00185411 oil along its coast was discovered under
x8lmotjCQyu-00764-00185412-00185648 Portuguese rule by the Cabinda Gulf oil
x8lmotjCQyu-00765-00185649-00186137 company CABG OC from 1968 onwards ever
x8lmotjCQyu-00766-00186138-00186356 since Portugal handed over sovereignty
x8lmotjCQyu-00767-00186357-00186545 of its former overseas province of
x8lmotjCQyu-00768-00186546-00186752 Angola to the local independence groups
x8lmotjCQyu-00769-00186753-00187100 MPLA UNITA and FNLA the territory of
x8lmotjCQyu-00770-00187101-00187319 Cabinda has been a focus of separatist
x8lmotjCQyu-00771-00187320-00187469 guerrilla actions opposing the
x8lmotjCQyu-00772-00187470-00187577 government of Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-00773-00187578-00187777 which has employed its Armed Forces the
x8lmotjCQyu-00774-00187778-00188060 FAA forças armadas angle honest and
x8lmotjCQyu-00775-00188061-00188329 cabined and separatists the front for
x8lmotjCQyu-00776-00188330-00188486 the liberation of the end clave of
x8lmotjCQyu-00777-00188487-00188774 cabinda armed forces of cabinda flec FAC
x8lmotjCQyu-00778-00188775-00188993 announced a virtual Federal Republic of
x8lmotjCQyu-00779-00188994-00189190 cabinda under the presidency of naziha
x8lmotjCQyu-00780-00189191-00189434 and Rica's Thiago one of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00781-00189435-00189593 characteristics of the cabined and
x8lmotjCQyu-00782-00189594-00189785 independence movement as its constant
x8lmotjCQyu-00783-00189786-00189964 fragmentation into smaller and smaller
x8lmotjCQyu-00784-00189965-00190427 factions
x8lmotjCQyu-00785-00190428-00190878 topic economy
x8lmotjCQyu-00786-00190879-00191235 Angola has diamonds oil gold copper and
x8lmotjCQyu-00787-00191236-00191397 a rich Wildlife dramatically
x8lmotjCQyu-00788-00191398-00191613 impoverished during the civil war forest
x8lmotjCQyu-00789-00191614-00191916 and fossil fuels since independence oil
x8lmotjCQyu-00790-00191917-00192057 and diamonds have been the most
x8lmotjCQyu-00791-00192058-00192378 important economic resource smallholder
x8lmotjCQyu-00792-00192379-00192600 and plantation agriculture dramatically
x8lmotjCQyu-00793-00192601-00192801 dropped in the Engelland civil war but
x8lmotjCQyu-00794-00192802-00193092 began to recover after 2002 the
x8lmotjCQyu-00795-00193093-00193278 transformation industry of the late
x8lmotjCQyu-00796-00193279-00193449 colonial period collapsed at
x8lmotjCQyu-00797-00193450-00193647 Independence because of the exodus of
x8lmotjCQyu-00798-00193648-00193824 most of the ethnic Portuguese population
x8lmotjCQyu-00799-00193825-00194031 but it has begun to re-emerge with
x8lmotjCQyu-00800-00194032-00194253 updated technologies partly because of
x8lmotjCQyu-00801-00194254-00194403 an influx of new Portuguese
x8lmotjCQyu-00802-00194404-00194682 entrepreneurs similar developments have
x8lmotjCQyu-00803-00194683-00194974 taken place in the service sector
x8lmotjCQyu-00804-00194975-00195220 Angola's economy has in recent years
x8lmotjCQyu-00805-00195221-00195394 moved on from the disarray caused by a
x8lmotjCQyu-00806-00195395-00195634 quarter century of Angolan Civil War to
x8lmotjCQyu-00807-00195635-00195826 become the fastest growing economy in
x8lmotjCQyu-00808-00195827-00196048 Africa and one of the fastest growing in
x8lmotjCQyu-00809-00196049-00196276 the world with an average GDP growth of
x8lmotjCQyu-00810-00196277-00196726 20% between 2005 and 2007 in the period
x8lmotjCQyu-00811-00196727-00196990 2001 to 10 Angola had the world's
x8lmotjCQyu-00812-00196991-00197236 highest annual average GDP growth at
x8lmotjCQyu-00813-00197237-00197617 eleven point one percent in 2004 the
x8lmotjCQyu-00814-00197618-00197818 Exim Bank of China approved a two
x8lmotjCQyu-00815-00197819-00198040 billion dollars line of credit to Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-00816-00198041-00198226 to be used for rebuilding angola's
x8lmotjCQyu-00817-00198227-00198379 infrastructure and to limit the
x8lmotjCQyu-00818-00198380-00198568 influence of the International Monetary
x8lmotjCQyu-00819-00198569-00198643 Fund there
x8lmotjCQyu-00820-00198644-00198820 China is Angola's biggest trade partner
x8lmotjCQyu-00821-00198821-00199057 and export destination as well as the
x8lmotjCQyu-00822-00199058-00199263 fourth largest source of imports
x8lmotjCQyu-00823-00199264-00199504 bilateral trade reached twenty seven
x8lmotjCQyu-00824-00199505-00199735 point six seven billion dollars in 2011
x8lmotjCQyu-00825-00199736-00200119 up 11.5 percent year-on-year China's
x8lmotjCQyu-00826-00200120-00200338 imports mainly crude oil and diamonds
x8lmotjCQyu-00827-00200339-00200602 increased 9.1 percent to twenty four
x8lmotjCQyu-00828-00200603-00200797 point eight nine billion dollars while
x8lmotjCQyu-00829-00200798-00201016 China's exports to Angola including
x8lmotjCQyu-00830-00201017-00201196 mechanical and electrical products
x8lmotjCQyu-00831-00201197-00201385 machinery parts and construction
x8lmotjCQyu-00832-00201386-00201811 materials surged 38.8% the oil glut led
x8lmotjCQyu-00833-00201812-00202000 to a local price for unleaded gasoline
x8lmotjCQyu-00834-00202001-00202288 of 37 pence a gallon The Economist
x8lmotjCQyu-00835-00202289-00202549 reported in 2008 that diamonds and oil
x8lmotjCQyu-00836-00202550-00202828 make up 60% of Angola's economy almost
x8lmotjCQyu-00837-00202829-00203047 all of the country's revenue and all of
x8lmotjCQyu-00838-00203048-00203329 its dominant exports growth is almost
x8lmotjCQyu-00839-00203330-00203560 entirely driven by rising oil production
x8lmotjCQyu-00840-00203561-00203836 which surpassed 1.4 million barrels per
x8lmotjCQyu-00841-00203837-00204265 day 220,000 cubic metres D in late 2005
x8lmotjCQyu-00842-00204266-00204469 and was expected to grow to 2 million
x8lmotjCQyu-00843-00204470-00204597 barrels per day
x8lmotjCQyu-00844-00204598-00204941 320,000 cubic metres deep by 2007
x8lmotjCQyu-00845-00204942-00205167 control of the oil industry is
x8lmotjCQyu-00846-00205169-00205362 consolidated in some angle group a
x8lmotjCQyu-00847-00205363-00205536 conglomerate owned by the Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-00848-00205537-00205894 government in December 2006 angola was
x8lmotjCQyu-00849-00205894-00206121 admitted as a member of OPEC operations
x8lmotjCQyu-00850-00206123-00206269 in its diamond mines include
x8lmotjCQyu-00851-00206269-00206482 partnerships between state-run ND AMA
x8lmotjCQyu-00852-00206483-00206686 and mining companies such as Alrosa
x8lmotjCQyu-00853-00206687-00206916 which operate in angola the Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-00854-00206917-00207205 economy grew 18% in 2005
x8lmotjCQyu-00855-00207206-00207816 26% in 2006 and 17.6% in 2007 due to the
x8lmotjCQyu-00856-00207817-00208033 global recession the economy contracted
x8lmotjCQyu-00857-00208034-00208412 an estimated - 0.3 percent in 2000
x8lmotjCQyu-00858-00208413-00208696 the security brought about by the 2002
x8lmotjCQyu-00859-00208698-00208841 peace settlement has allowed the
x8lmotjCQyu-00860-00208842-00209027 resettlement of 4 million displaced
x8lmotjCQyu-00861-00209028-00209225 persons and a resulting large-scale
x8lmotjCQyu-00862-00209226-00209461 increases in agriculture production
x8lmotjCQyu-00863-00209462-00209719 although the country's economy has grown
x8lmotjCQyu-00864-00209721-00209917 significantly since angola achieved
x8lmotjCQyu-00865-00209919-00210206 political stability in 2002 mainly due
x8lmotjCQyu-00866-00210207-00210373 to fast rising earnings in the oil
x8lmotjCQyu-00867-00210375-00210623 sector angola faces huge social and
x8lmotjCQyu-00868-00210623-00210898 economic problems these are in part a
x8lmotjCQyu-00869-00210900-00211082 result of almost continual armed
x8lmotjCQyu-00870-00211083-00211337 conflict from 1961 on although the
x8lmotjCQyu-00871-00211338-00211505 highest level of destruction and
x8lmotjCQyu-00872-00211506-00211730 socio-economic damage took place after
x8lmotjCQyu-00873-00211731-00212006 the 1975 independence during the long
x8lmotjCQyu-00874-00212007-00212312 years of civil war however high poverty
x8lmotjCQyu-00875-00212313-00212519 rates and blatant social inequality
x8lmotjCQyu-00876-00212519-00212666 chiefly stemmed from persistent
x8lmotjCQyu-00877-00212667-00212926 authoritarianism neo patrimonial
x8lmotjCQyu-00878-00212927-00213176 practices at all levels of the political
x8lmotjCQyu-00879-00213177-00213373 administrative military and economic
x8lmotjCQyu-00880-00213375-00213594 structures and of a pervasive corruption
x8lmotjCQyu-00881-00213596-00213884 the main beneficiaries are political
x8lmotjCQyu-00882-00213885-00214088 administrative economic and military
x8lmotjCQyu-00883-00214089-00214331 power holders who have accumulated and
x8lmotjCQyu-00884-00214332-00214531 continued to accumulate enormous wealth
x8lmotjCQyu-00885-00214532-00214856 secondary beneficiaries are the middle
x8lmotjCQyu-00886-00214857-00215048 strata which are about to become social
x8lmotjCQyu-00887-00215048-00215291 classes however almost half the
x8lmotjCQyu-00888-00215292-00215486 population has to be considered poor
x8lmotjCQyu-00889-00215487-00215678 with dramatic differences between the
x8lmotjCQyu-00890-00215679-00215864 countryside and the cities where by now
x8lmotjCQyu-00891-00215865-00216083 slightly more than 50% of the people
x8lmotjCQyu-00892-00216084-00216442 live a study carried out in 2008 by the
x8lmotjCQyu-00893-00216444-00216665 Angolan instituto nacional de
x8lmotjCQyu-00894-00216666-00216878 estadística found that in rural areas
x8lmotjCQyu-00895-00216879-00217231 roughly 58% must be classified as poor
x8lmotjCQyu-00896-00217232-00217490 according to UN norms but in the urban
x8lmotjCQyu-00897-00217491-00217773 areas only 19% and an overall rate of
x8lmotjCQyu-00898-00217775-00218150 37% in cities a majority of families
x8lmotjCQyu-00899-00218151-00218354 well beyond those officially classified
x8lmotjCQyu-00900-00218355-00218606 as poor must adopt a variety of survival
x8lmotjCQyu-00901-00218607-00218879 strategies in urban areas social
x8lmotjCQyu-00902-00218880-00219059 inequality is most evident in its
x8lmotjCQyu-00903-00219060-00219305 extreme in Luanda in the Human
x8lmotjCQyu-00904-00219306-00219527 Development Index Angola constantly
x8lmotjCQyu-00905-00219528-00219782 ranks in the bottom group according to
x8lmotjCQyu-00906-00219783-00219940 the Heritage Foundation a conservative
x8lmotjCQyu-00907-00219941-00220202 American think-tank oil production from
x8lmotjCQyu-00908-00220203-00220406 Angola has increased so significantly
x8lmotjCQyu-00909-00220407-00220592 that Angola now is China's biggest
x8lmotjCQyu-00910-00220592-00220921 supplier of oil China has extended three
x8lmotjCQyu-00911-00220923-00221129 multibillion-dollar lines of credit to
x8lmotjCQyu-00912-00221130-00221330 the Angolan government to loans of two
x8lmotjCQyu-00913-00221331-00221576 billion dollars from China Exim Bank 1
x8lmotjCQyu-00914-00221577-00221749 in 2004 the second
x8lmotjCQyu-00915-00221750-00222109 in 2007 as well as one loan in 2005 of
x8lmotjCQyu-00916-00222110-00222306 2.9 billion dollars from China
x8lmotjCQyu-00917-00222307-00222550 International Fund limited growing oil
x8lmotjCQyu-00918-00222551-00222796 revenues also created opportunities for
x8lmotjCQyu-00919-00222797-00222997 corruption according to a recent Human
x8lmotjCQyu-00920-00222998-00223234 Rights Watch report 32 billion u.s.
x8lmotjCQyu-00921-00223235-00223405 dollars disappeared from government
x8lmotjCQyu-00922-00223406-00223792 accounts in 2007 to 2010 furthermore San
x8lmotjCQyu-00923-00223793-00223937 dangled the state-run oil company
x8lmotjCQyu-00924-00223938-00224350 controls 51% of Cabinda soil due to this
x8lmotjCQyu-00925-00224351-00224537 market control the company ends up
x8lmotjCQyu-00926-00224538-00224719 determining the profit received by the
x8lmotjCQyu-00927-00224720-00224992 government and the taxes it pays the
x8lmotjCQyu-00928-00224993-00225190 Council of Foreign Affairs states that
x8lmotjCQyu-00929-00225191-00225367 the World Bank mentioned that's an angle
x8lmotjCQyu-00930-00225368-00225655 is a taxpayer it carries out quasi
x8lmotjCQyu-00931-00225656-00225907 fiscal activities it invests public
x8lmotjCQyu-00932-00225908-00226141 funds and as concessionaire it is a
x8lmotjCQyu-00933-00226142-00226483 sector regulator this multifarious work
x8lmotjCQyu-00934-00226484-00226738 program creates conflicts of interest
x8lmotjCQyu-00935-00226739-00227014 and characterizes a complex relationship
x8lmotjCQyu-00936-00227015-00227209 between senang GLE and the government
x8lmotjCQyu-00937-00227210-00227395 that weakens the formal budgetary
x8lmotjCQyu-00938-00227396-00227635 process and creates uncertainty as
x8lmotjCQyu-00939-00227636-00227866 regards the actual fiscal stance of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00940-00227867-00228316 state before independence in 1975 Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-00941-00228317-00228538 was a breadbasket of southern Africa and
x8lmotjCQyu-00942-00228539-00228775 a major exporter of bananas coffee and
x8lmotjCQyu-00943-00228776-00229023 sisal but three decades of civil war
x8lmotjCQyu-00944-00229024-00229337 1975 to 2002 destroyed fertile
x8lmotjCQyu-00945-00229338-00229483 countryside left it littered with
x8lmotjCQyu-00946-00229484-00229684 landmines and drove millions into the
x8lmotjCQyu-00947-00229685-00229924 cities the country now depends on
x8lmotjCQyu-00948-00229925-00230164 expensive food imports mainly from South
x8lmotjCQyu-00949-00230165-00230387 Africa and Portugal while more than 90
x8lmotjCQyu-00950-00230388-00230587 percent of farming is done at the family
x8lmotjCQyu-00951-00230588-00230827 and subsistence level thousands of
x8lmotjCQyu-00952-00230828-00231049 Angolan small-scale farmers are trapped
x8lmotjCQyu-00953-00231050-00231250 in poverty the enormous differences
x8lmotjCQyu-00954-00231251-00231433 between the regions pose a serious
x8lmotjCQyu-00955-00231434-00231613 structural problem for the Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-00956-00231614-00231814 economy illustrated by the fact that
x8lmotjCQyu-00957-00231815-00232039 about one-third of economic activities
x8lmotjCQyu-00958-00232040-00232213 are concentrated in Luanda and
x8lmotjCQyu-00959-00232214-00232366 neighbouring Bango province while
x8lmotjCQyu-00960-00232367-00232570 several areas of the interior suffer
x8lmotjCQyu-00961-00232571-00232789 economic stagnation and even regression
x8lmotjCQyu-00962-00232790-00232996 one of the economic consequences of the
x8lmotjCQyu-00963-00232997-00233182 social and regional disparities is a
x8lmotjCQyu-00964-00233183-00233377 sharp increase in Angola and private
x8lmotjCQyu-00965-00233378-00233644 investments abroad the small fringe of
x8lmotjCQyu-00966-00233645-00233881 Angolan society where most of the acid
x8lmotjCQyu-00967-00233882-00234094 accumulation takes place seeks to spread
x8lmotjCQyu-00968-00234095-00234304 its assets for reasons of security and
x8lmotjCQyu-00969-00234305-00234574 profit for the time being the biggest
x8lmotjCQyu-00970-00234575-00234715 share of these investments is
x8lmotjCQyu-00971-00234716-00234901 concentrated in Portugal where the
x8lmotjCQyu-00972-00234902-00235130 Angolan presence including the family of
x8lmotjCQyu-00973-00235131-00235328 state president in banks as well as in
x8lmotjCQyu-00974-00235329-00235559 the domains of energy telecommunications
x8lmotjCQyu-00975-00235560-00235802 and mass media has become notable as has
x8lmotjCQyu-00976-00235803-00235952 the acquisition of vineyards and
x8lmotjCQyu-00977-00235953-00236102 orchards as well as of touristic
x8lmotjCQyu-00978-00236103-00236366 enterprises sub-saharan African nations
x8lmotjCQyu-00979-00236367-00236521 are globally achieving impressive
x8lmotjCQyu-00980-00236523-00236714 improvements in well-being according to
x8lmotjCQyu-00981-00236715-00236906 a report by Tony Blair's Africa
x8lmotjCQyu-00982-00236907-00237077 governance initiative and the Boston
x8lmotjCQyu-00983-00237078-00237332 Consulting Group Angola has upgraded
x8lmotjCQyu-00984-00237333-00237575 critical infrastructure an investment
x8lmotjCQyu-00985-00237576-00237773 made possible by funds from the nations
x8lmotjCQyu-00986-00237773-00238069 development of oil resources according
x8lmotjCQyu-00987-00238071-00238250 to this report just slightly more than
x8lmotjCQyu-00988-00238251-00238444 10 years after the end of the civil war
x8lmotjCQyu-00989-00238446-00238655 Angola's standard of living has overall
x8lmotjCQyu-00990-00238656-00238969 greatly improved life expectancy which
x8lmotjCQyu-00991-00238971-00239342 was just 46 years in 2002 reached 51 in
x8lmotjCQyu-00992-00239342-00239678 2011 mortality rates for children fell
x8lmotjCQyu-00993-00239679-00240023 from 25 percent in 2001 to 19 percent in
x8lmotjCQyu-00994-00240023-00240239 2010 and the number of students enrolled
x8lmotjCQyu-00995-00240240-00240509 in primary school has tripled since 2001
x8lmotjCQyu-00996-00240510-00240815 however at the same time the social and
x8lmotjCQyu-00997-00240816-00240967 economic inequality that has
x8lmotjCQyu-00998-00240969-00241184 characterized the country since long has
x8lmotjCQyu-00999-00241185-00241313 not diminished but on the contrary
x8lmotjCQyu-01000-00241314-00241655 deepened in all respects with a stock of
x8lmotjCQyu-01001-00241656-00242081 assets corresponding to 70 billion kz6 8
x8lmotjCQyu-01002-00242082-00242333 billion united states dollars Angola is
x8lmotjCQyu-01003-00242334-00242546 now the third largest financial market
x8lmotjCQyu-01004-00242546-00242783 in sub-saharan Africa surpassed only by
x8lmotjCQyu-01005-00242784-00243089 Nigeria and South Africa according to
x8lmotjCQyu-01006-00243090-00243317 the Angolan minister of economy abroad
x8lmotjCQyu-01007-00243317-00243523 gorgeo the financial market of the
x8lmotjCQyu-01008-00243525-00243782 country grew modestly from 2002 and now
x8lmotjCQyu-01009-00243783-00243977 lies in third place at the level of
x8lmotjCQyu-01010-00243978-00244219 sub-saharan Africa and Ghoulies economy
x8lmotjCQyu-01011-00244221-00244484 is expected to grow by 3.9 percent in
x8lmotjCQyu-01012-00244485-00244744 2014 said the International Monetary
x8lmotjCQyu-01013-00244746-00245021 Fund IMF robust growth in the non-oil
x8lmotjCQyu-01014-00245021-00245234 economy mainly driven by a very good
x8lmotjCQyu-01015-00245235-00245432 performance in the agricultural sector
x8lmotjCQyu-01016-00245433-00245671 is expected to offset a temporary drop
x8lmotjCQyu-01017-00245673-00245903 in oil production and Ghoulies financial
x8lmotjCQyu-01018-00245904-00246080 system is maintained by the National
x8lmotjCQyu-01019-00246081-00246292 Bank of Angola and managed by governor
x8lmotjCQyu-01020-00246294-00246469 Jose de Lima Misano
x8lmotjCQyu-01021-00246469-00246694 according to a study on the banking
x8lmotjCQyu-01022-00246696-00246871 sector carried out by Deloitte the
x8lmotjCQyu-01023-00246873-00247160 monetary policy led by banco nacional de
x8lmotjCQyu-01024-00247161-00247417 angola viene the Angolan national bank
x8lmotjCQyu-01025-00247419-00247628 allowed a decrease in the inflation rate
x8lmotjCQyu-01026-00247629-00248009 put at 7.9 6% in December 2013 which
x8lmotjCQyu-01027-00248010-00248233 contributed to the sector's growth trend
x8lmotjCQyu-01028-00248234-00248510 estimates released by Engel is central
x8lmotjCQyu-01029-00248511-00248723 said country's economy should grow at an
x8lmotjCQyu-01030-00248723-00248978 annual average rate of 5% over the next
x8lmotjCQyu-01031-00248979-00249169 four years boosted by the increasing
x8lmotjCQyu-01032-00249169-00249386 participation of the private sector on
x8lmotjCQyu-01033-00249387-00249671 the 19th of December 2014 the capital
x8lmotjCQyu-01034-00249671-00250058 market in Angola started vo div a angola
x8lmotjCQyu-01035-00250059-00250280 securities and debt stock exchange in
x8lmotjCQyu-01036-00250281-00250475 english received the secondary public
x8lmotjCQyu-01037-00250476-00250691 debt market and it is expected to start
x8lmotjCQyu-01038-00250692-00250940 the corporate debt market by 2015 but
x8lmotjCQyu-01039-00250941-00251111 the stock market should be a reality
x8lmotjCQyu-01040-00251112-00251519 only in 2016
x8lmotjCQyu-01041-00251519-00252046 topic agriculture
x8lmotjCQyu-01042-00252048-00252288 agriculture and forestry as an area of
x8lmotjCQyu-01043-00252289-00252485 potential opportunity for the country
x8lmotjCQyu-01044-00252486-00252732 the African economic outlook
x8lmotjCQyu-01045-00252733-00252967 organization states that Angola requires
x8lmotjCQyu-01046-00252969-00253257 4.5 million tonnes a year of grain but
x8lmotjCQyu-01047-00253258-00253503 grows only about 55 percent of the corn
x8lmotjCQyu-01048-00253504-00253815 it needs 20% of the rice and just 5% of
x8lmotjCQyu-01049-00253816-00254085 its required wheat in addition the World
x8lmotjCQyu-01050-00254086-00254337 Bank estimates that less than 3% of
x8lmotjCQyu-01051-00254338-00254514 Angola's abundant fertile land is
x8lmotjCQyu-01052-00254515-00254733 cultivated and the economic potential of
x8lmotjCQyu-01053-00254734-00254942 the forestry sector remains largely and
x8lmotjCQyu-01054-00254944-00255330 exploited
x8lmotjCQyu-01055-00255331-00255548 topic transport
x8lmotjCQyu-01056-00255548-00255769 you
x8lmotjCQyu-01057-00255771-00256119 transport in Angola consists of three
x8lmotjCQyu-01058-00256119-00256412 separate railway systems totaling 2,000
x8lmotjCQyu-01059-00256413-00257157 761 kilometres 1716 miles 76,000 626
x8lmotjCQyu-01060-00257158-00257550 kilometers 47,000 613 miles of highway
x8lmotjCQyu-01061-00257551-00258015 of which 19,000 156 kilometers
x8lmotjCQyu-01062-00258016-00258534 3 miles is paved 1295 navigable inland
x8lmotjCQyu-01063-00258535-00259026 waterways eight major seaports 243
x8lmotjCQyu-01064-00259027-00259296 airports of which 32 are paved travel on
x8lmotjCQyu-01065-00259296-00259506 highways outside of towns and cities in
x8lmotjCQyu-01066-00259507-00259737 Angola and in some cases within is often
x8lmotjCQyu-01067-00259738-00259977 not best advised for those without 4x4
x8lmotjCQyu-01068-00259978-00260214 vehicles while a reasonable road
x8lmotjCQyu-01069-00260215-00260433 infrastructure has existed within Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-01070-00260434-00260655 time in the war have taken their toll on
x8lmotjCQyu-01071-00260656-00260859 the road surfaces leaving many severely
x8lmotjCQyu-01072-00260860-00261092 potholed littered with broken asphalt in
x8lmotjCQyu-01073-00261094-00261344 many areas drivers have established
x8lmotjCQyu-01074-00261346-00261540 alternate tracks to avoid the worst
x8lmotjCQyu-01075-00261541-00261729 parts of the surface although careful
x8lmotjCQyu-01076-00261730-00261915 attention must be paid to the presence
x8lmotjCQyu-01077-00261916-00262121 or absence of land mind warning markers
x8lmotjCQyu-01078-00262123-00262371 by the side of the road the Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-01079-00262372-00262503 government has contracted the
x8lmotjCQyu-01080-00262504-00262683 restoration of many of the country's
x8lmotjCQyu-01081-00262684-00262986 roads the road between Lubanga and nummy
x8lmotjCQyu-01082-00262987-00263214 for example was completed recently with
x8lmotjCQyu-01083-00263215-00263400 funding from the European Union and is
x8lmotjCQyu-01084-00263401-00263648 comparable to many European main routes
x8lmotjCQyu-01085-00263649-00263874 completing the road infrastructure is
x8lmotjCQyu-01086-00263875-00264045 likely to take some decades but
x8lmotjCQyu-01087-00264046-00264222 substantial efforts are already being
x8lmotjCQyu-01088-00264223-00264564 made transport is an important aspect in
x8lmotjCQyu-01089-00264565-00264738 Angola because it is strategically
x8lmotjCQyu-01090-00264739-00264909 located and it could become a regional
x8lmotjCQyu-01091-00264910-00265221 logistics hub in addition Angola has
x8lmotjCQyu-01092-00265222-00265383 some of the most important and biggest
x8lmotjCQyu-01093-00265384-00265593 ports and so it is vital to connect them
x8lmotjCQyu-01094-00265594-00265764 to the interior of the country as well
x8lmotjCQyu-01095-00265765-00266061 as to neighboring countries tourism is
x8lmotjCQyu-01096-00266062-00266223 restarting on the heels of the long
x8lmotjCQyu-01097-00266224-00266457 ended stop in the civil war and very few
x8lmotjCQyu-01098-00266458-00266676 tourists venture anywhere in Angola yet
x8lmotjCQyu-01099-00266677-00267096 due to lack of infrastructure
x8lmotjCQyu-01100-00267097-00267646 topic telecommunications
x8lmotjCQyu-01101-00267647-00267883 the telecommunications industry is
x8lmotjCQyu-01102-00267884-00268075 considered one of the main strategic
x8lmotjCQyu-01103-00268076-00268444 sectors in Angola in October 2014 the
x8lmotjCQyu-01104-00268445-00268627 building of an optic fiber underwater
x8lmotjCQyu-01105-00268628-00268935 cable was announced this project aims to
x8lmotjCQyu-01106-00268936-00269164 turn Angola into a continental hub thus
x8lmotjCQyu-01107-00269165-00269338 improving internet connections both
x8lmotjCQyu-01108-00269339-00269542 nationally and internationally on the
x8lmotjCQyu-01109-00269543-00269830 11th of March 2015 the first Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-01110-00269831-00270013 forum of telecommunications and
x8lmotjCQyu-01111-00270014-00270210 information technology was held in
x8lmotjCQyu-01112-00270211-00270432 Luanda under the motto the challenges of
x8lmotjCQyu-01113-00270433-00270592 telecommunications in the current
x8lmotjCQyu-01114-00270593-00270810 context of Angola to promote debate on
x8lmotjCQyu-01115-00270811-00271035 topical issues on telecommunications in
x8lmotjCQyu-01116-00271036-00271306 Angola and worldwide a study of this
x8lmotjCQyu-01117-00271307-00271501 sector presented at the forum said
x8lmotjCQyu-01118-00271502-00271720 Angola had the first telecommunications
x8lmotjCQyu-01119-00271721-00271972 operator in Africa to test LTE with
x8lmotjCQyu-01120-00271973-00272212 speeds up to 400 megabits per second and
x8lmotjCQyu-01121-00272213-00272518 mobile penetration of about 75% there
x8lmotjCQyu-01122-00272519-00272776 are about 3.5 million smartphone in the
x8lmotjCQyu-01123-00272777-00272985 Angolan market there are about 25
x8lmotjCQyu-01124-00272986-00273256 thousand kilometres 16,000 miles of
x8lmotjCQyu-01125-00273257-00273469 optical fiber installed in the country
x8lmotjCQyu-01126-00273470-00273759 the first Angolan satellite ang OS 81
x8lmotjCQyu-01127-00273760-00274042 was launched into orbit on the 26th of
x8lmotjCQyu-01128-00274043-00274351 December 2017 it was launched from the
x8lmotjCQyu-01129-00274352-00274552 baikonur Space Center in Kazakhstan on
x8lmotjCQyu-01130-00274553-00274870 board a Zenit 3f rocket the satellite
x8lmotjCQyu-01131-00274871-00275109 was built by Russia's RSC Energia a
x8lmotjCQyu-01132-00275110-00275302 subsidiary of the state-run space
x8lmotjCQyu-01133-00275303-00275617 industry player Roscosmos the satellite
x8lmotjCQyu-01134-00275618-00275824 payload was supplied by Airbus defense
x8lmotjCQyu-01135-00275825-00276108 in space due to an onboard power failure
x8lmotjCQyu-01136-00276109-00276282 during solar panel deployment on
x8lmotjCQyu-01137-00276283-00276589 December 27th RSC Energia revealed that
x8lmotjCQyu-01138-00276590-00276783 they lost communications contact with
x8lmotjCQyu-01139-00276784-00277000 the satellite although subsequent
x8lmotjCQyu-01140-00277001-00277216 attempts to restore communications with
x8lmotjCQyu-01141-00277217-00277390 the satellite were successful the
x8lmotjCQyu-01142-00277391-00277570 satellite eventually stopped sending
x8lmotjCQyu-01143-00277571-00277831 data and RSC Energia confirmed that ang
x8lmotjCQyu-01144-00277832-00278221 OS 81 was inoperable the launch of ang
x8lmotjCQyu-01145-00278222-00278448 OS 81 was aimed at ensuring
x8lmotjCQyu-01146-00278449-00278596 telecommunications throughout the
x8lmotjCQyu-01147-00278597-00278883 country according to our received Safeco
x8lmotjCQyu-01148-00278884-00279024 Secretary of State for
x8lmotjCQyu-01149-00279025-00279220 telecommunications the satellite was
x8lmotjCQyu-01150-00279221-00279408 aimed at providing telecommunications
x8lmotjCQyu-01151-00279409-00279682 services TV Internet and eat government
x8lmotjCQyu-01152-00279683-00279868 and was expected to remain in orbit at
x8lmotjCQyu-01153-00279869-00280138 best for 18 years a replacement
x8lmotjCQyu-01154-00280139-00280458 satellite named a NGO s82 is in the
x8lmotjCQyu-01155-00280459-00280639 works and is expected to be in service
x8lmotjCQyu-01156-00280640-00280810 by 2020
x8lmotjCQyu-01157-00280811-00281038 topic technology the management of the
x8lmotjCQyu-01158-00281039-00281128 top-level domain
x8lmotjCQyu-01159-00281129-00281368 ow will pass from Portugal to Angola in
x8lmotjCQyu-01160-00281369-00281710 2015 following new legislation a joint
x8lmotjCQyu-01161-00281711-00281935 decree of minister of telecommunications
x8lmotjCQyu-01162-00281936-00282142 and information technologies Jose
x8lmotjCQyu-01163-00282143-00282346 Carvalho da Rocha and the minister of
x8lmotjCQyu-01164-00282347-00282592 Science and Technology maria candida
x8lmotjCQyu-01165-00282593-00282793 Pereira Teixeira states that under the
x8lmotjCQyu-01166-00282794-00283000 massification of that Angolan domain
x8lmotjCQyu-01167-00283001-00283210 conditions are created for the transfer
x8lmotjCQyu-01168-00283211-00283417 of the domain route out of Portugal to
x8lmotjCQyu-01169-00283418-00283738 Angola topic demographics Angola has a
x8lmotjCQyu-01170-00283739-00283975 population of 24 million three hundred
x8lmotjCQyu-01171-00283976-00284182 eighty three thousand three hundred one
x8lmotjCQyu-01172-00284183-00284374 inhabitants according to the preliminary
x8lmotjCQyu-01173-00284375-00284683 results of its 2014 census the first one
x8lmotjCQyu-01174-00284684-00284896 conducted or carried out since the 15th
x8lmotjCQyu-01175-00284897-00285250 of December 1970 it is composed of ovum
x8lmotjCQyu-01176-00285251-00285580 bundu language on bundu 37% and bundu
x8lmotjCQyu-01177-00285581-00285982 language can bundu 23% Bakongo 13% and
x8lmotjCQyu-01178-00285983-00286255 32% other ethnic groups including the
x8lmotjCQyu-01179-00286256-00286483 chalk way the ovambo the gang whele and
x8lmotjCQyu-01180-00286484-00286678 the Zin dongha as well as about 2%
x8lmotjCQyu-01181-00286679-00286924 mestiços mixed european and african
x8lmotjCQyu-01182-00286925-00287317 1.6 percent chinese and 1% european the
x8lmotjCQyu-01183-00287318-00287527 ambling do and ovum bundu ethnic groups
x8lmotjCQyu-01184-00287528-00287707 combined form a majority of the
x8lmotjCQyu-01185-00287708-00288076 population at 62% the population is
x8lmotjCQyu-01186-00288077-00288274 forecast to grow to over 60 million
x8lmotjCQyu-01187-00288275-00288637 people to 2050 2.7 times the 2014
x8lmotjCQyu-01188-00288638-00288970 population however on the 23rd of March
x8lmotjCQyu-01189-00288971-00289069 2016
x8lmotjCQyu-01190-00289070-00289285 official data revealed by angola's
x8lmotjCQyu-01191-00289286-00289537 national statistic institute instituto
x8lmotjCQyu-01192-00289538-00289807 nacional de estadística i and ii states
x8lmotjCQyu-01193-00289808-00289987 that angola has a population of
x8lmotjCQyu-01194-00289988-00290206 twenty-five point seven eight nine point
x8lmotjCQyu-01195-00290207-00290446 zero two four inhabitants it is
x8lmotjCQyu-01196-00290447-00290680 estimated that angola was host to twelve
x8lmotjCQyu-01197-00290681-00290992 thousand one hundred refugees in 2900
x8lmotjCQyu-01198-00290993-00291367 asylum seekers by the end of 2007 eleven
x8lmotjCQyu-01199-00291368-00291565 thousand four hundred of those refugees
x8lmotjCQyu-01200-00291566-00291745 were originally from the Democratic
x8lmotjCQyu-01201-00291746-00291946 Republic of Congo who arrived in the
x8lmotjCQyu-01202-00291947-00292365 1970s as of 2008 there were an estimated
x8lmotjCQyu-01203-00292366-00292612 400,000 Democratic Republic of the Congo
x8lmotjCQyu-01204-00292613-00292936 migrant workers at least 220,000
x8lmotjCQyu-01205-00292937-00293257 Portuguese and about 250 9,000 Chinese
x8lmotjCQyu-01206-00293258-00293544 living in Angola since 2003 more than
x8lmotjCQyu-01207-00293545-00293773 400,000 Congolese migrants have been
x8lmotjCQyu-01208-00293774-00294019 expelled from angola prior to
x8lmotjCQyu-01209-00294020-00294201 independence in 1970
x8lmotjCQyu-01210-00294202-00294369 five Angola had a community of
x8lmotjCQyu-01211-00294370-00294699 approximately 350,000 Portuguese but the
x8lmotjCQyu-01212-00294700-00294930 vast majority left after independence in
x8lmotjCQyu-01213-00294931-00295254 the ensuing civil war however Angola has
x8lmotjCQyu-01214-00295255-00295449 recovered its Portuguese minority in
x8lmotjCQyu-01215-00295450-00295623 recent years currently there are about
x8lmotjCQyu-01216-00295624-00295821 two hundred thousand registered with the
x8lmotjCQyu-01217-00295822-00295995 consulates and increasing due to the
x8lmotjCQyu-01218-00295996-00296211 debt crisis in Portugal and the relative
x8lmotjCQyu-01219-00296212-00296466 prosperity in Angola the Chinese
x8lmotjCQyu-01220-00296467-00296694 population stands at two hundred fifty
x8lmotjCQyu-01221-00296695-00296835 eight thousand nine hundred twenty
x8lmotjCQyu-01222-00296836-00297101 mostly composed of temporary migrants
x8lmotjCQyu-01223-00297102-00297342 also there is a small Brazilian
x8lmotjCQyu-01224-00297343-00297528 community of about five thousand people
x8lmotjCQyu-01225-00297529-00297768 the total fertility rate of Angola as
x8lmotjCQyu-01226-00297769-00297972 five point five for children born per
x8lmotjCQyu-01227-00297973-00298269 woman 2012 estimates the 11th highest in
x8lmotjCQyu-01228-00298270-00298655 the world
x8lmotjCQyu-01229-00298656-00299076 topic languages
x8lmotjCQyu-01230-00299077-00299292 the languages in Angola are those
x8lmotjCQyu-01231-00299293-00299469 originally spoken by the different
x8lmotjCQyu-01232-00299470-00299685 ethnic groups and Portuguese introduced
x8lmotjCQyu-01233-00299686-00299892 during the Portuguese colonial era the
x8lmotjCQyu-01234-00299893-00300183 most widely spoken indigenous languages
x8lmotjCQyu-01235-00300184-00300432 are um bundu bundu and key Congo in
x8lmotjCQyu-01236-00300433-00300527 that order
x8lmotjCQyu-01237-00300528-00300759 Portuguese is the official language of
x8lmotjCQyu-01238-00300760-00301044 the country although the exact numbers
x8lmotjCQyu-01239-00301045-00301233 of those fluent in Portuguese or who
x8lmotjCQyu-01240-00301234-00301443 speak Portuguese as a first language are
x8lmotjCQyu-01241-00301444-00301683 unknown a 2012 study mentions that
x8lmotjCQyu-01242-00301684-00301959 Portuguese is the first language of 39%
x8lmotjCQyu-01243-00301960-00302295 of the population in 2014 a census
x8lmotjCQyu-01244-00302296-00302529 carried out by the instituto nacional de
x8lmotjCQyu-01245-00302530-00302745 estadística in angola mentions that
x8lmotjCQyu-01246-00302746-00303063 seventy 1.15 percent of the nearly 25
x8lmotjCQyu-01247-00303064-00303240 point eight million inhabitants of
x8lmotjCQyu-01248-00303241-00303432 angola meaning around eighteen point
x8lmotjCQyu-01249-00303433-00303645 three million people use Portuguese as a
x8lmotjCQyu-01250-00303646-00304055 first or second language
x8lmotjCQyu-01251-00304056-00304529 topic religion
x8lmotjCQyu-01252-00304530-00304757 there are about 1,000 religious
x8lmotjCQyu-01253-00304758-00304981 communities mostly Christian in Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-01254-00304982-00305219 while reliable statistics are
x8lmotjCQyu-01255-00305220-00305426 non-existent estimates have it that more
x8lmotjCQyu-01256-00305427-00305570 than half of the population are
x8lmotjCQyu-01257-00305571-00305786 Catholics while about 1/4 adhere to the
x8lmotjCQyu-01258-00305787-00305969 Protestant churches introduced during
x8lmotjCQyu-01259-00305970-00306098 the colonial period the
x8lmotjCQyu-01260-00306099-00306317 Congregationalists mainly among the ovum
x8lmotjCQyu-01261-00306318-00306485 bundu of the central highlands and the
x8lmotjCQyu-01262-00306486-00306650 coastal region to its west the
x8lmotjCQyu-01263-00306651-00306824 Methodists concentrating on the cam
x8lmotjCQyu-01264-00306825-00307019 bundu speaking strip from Luanda to
x8lmotjCQyu-01265-00307020-00307190 Malin Jay the Baptist's almost
x8lmotjCQyu-01266-00307191-00307388 exclusively among the Bakongo of the
x8lmotjCQyu-01267-00307389-00307610 northwest now present in Luanda as well
x8lmotjCQyu-01268-00307611-00307826 and dispersed Adventists reformed in
x8lmotjCQyu-01269-00307827-00308087 Lutheran's in Luanda and region there
x8lmotjCQyu-01270-00308088-00308323 subsists in nucleus of the syncretic
x8lmotjCQyu-01271-00308324-00308552 toko ists and in the northwest a
x8lmotjCQyu-01272-00308553-00308711 sprinkling of kim bong wisdom can be
x8lmotjCQyu-01273-00308712-00308920 found spreading from the Congo Zaire
x8lmotjCQyu-01274-00308921-00309161 since independence hundreds of
x8lmotjCQyu-01275-00309162-00309380 Pentecostal and similar communities have
x8lmotjCQyu-01276-00309381-00309557 sprung up in the cities where by now
x8lmotjCQyu-01277-00309558-00309785 about 50% of the population is living
x8lmotjCQyu-01278-00309786-00309992 several of these communities churches
x8lmotjCQyu-01279-00309993-00310406 are a Brazilian origin as of 2008 the US
x8lmotjCQyu-01280-00310407-00310637 Department of State estimates the Muslim
x8lmotjCQyu-01281-00310638-00310940 population at 80,000 to 90,000 less than
x8lmotjCQyu-01282-00310941-00311129 one percent of the population while the
x8lmotjCQyu-01283-00311130-00311339 Islamic community of Angola puts the
x8lmotjCQyu-01284-00311340-00311702 figure closer to 500,000 muslims consist
x8lmotjCQyu-01285-00311703-00311927 largely of migrants from West Africa and
x8lmotjCQyu-01286-00311928-00312110 the Middle East especially Lebanon
x8lmotjCQyu-01287-00312111-00312374 although some are local converts the
x8lmotjCQyu-01288-00312375-00312563 Angolan government does not legally
x8lmotjCQyu-01289-00312564-00312797 recognize any Muslim organizations and
x8lmotjCQyu-01290-00312798-00312992 often shuts down mosques or prevents
x8lmotjCQyu-01291-00312993-00313187 their construction in a study assessing
x8lmotjCQyu-01292-00313188-00313412 nations levels of religious regulation
x8lmotjCQyu-01293-00313413-00313631 and persecution with scores ranging from
x8lmotjCQyu-01294-00313632-00313877 zero to ten where zero represented low
x8lmotjCQyu-01295-00313878-00314075 levels of regulation or persecution
x8lmotjCQyu-01296-00314076-00314363 Angola was scored 0.8 on government
x8lmotjCQyu-01297-00314364-00314645 regulation of religion 4.0 on social
x8lmotjCQyu-01298-00314646-00314879 regulation of religion 0 on government
x8lmotjCQyu-01299-00314880-00315086 favoritism of religion and 0 on
x8lmotjCQyu-01300-00315087-00315257 religious persecution foreign
x8lmotjCQyu-01301-00315258-00315449 missionaries were very active prior to
x8lmotjCQyu-01302-00315450-00315731 independence in 1975 although since the
x8lmotjCQyu-01303-00315732-00315928 beginning of the anti-colonial fight in
x8lmotjCQyu-01304-00315929-00316217 1961 the portuguese colonial authorities
x8lmotjCQyu-01305-00316218-00316388 expelled a series of Protestant
x8lmotjCQyu-01306-00316389-00316586 missionaries and closed mission stations
x8lmotjCQyu-01307-00316587-00316712 based on the belief that the
x8lmotjCQyu-01308-00316713-00316835 missionaries were inciting
x8lmotjCQyu-01309-00316836-00317117 pro-independence sentiments missionaries
x8lmotjCQyu-01310-00317118-00317294 have been able to return to the country
x8lmotjCQyu-01311-00317295-00317549 since the early 1990s although security
x8lmotjCQyu-01312-00317550-00317738 conditions due to the Civil War have
x8lmotjCQyu-01313-00317739-00317918 prevented them until 2002
x8lmotjCQyu-01314-00317919-00318089 from restoring many of their former
x8lmotjCQyu-01315-00318090-00318280 inland mission stations the Catholic
x8lmotjCQyu-01316-00318281-00318437 Church and some major Protestant
x8lmotjCQyu-01317-00318438-00318620 denominations mostly keep to themselves
x8lmotjCQyu-01318-00318621-00318938 in contrast to the new churches which
x8lmotjCQyu-01319-00318939-00319097 actively proselytize
x8lmotjCQyu-01320-00319098-00319274 Catholics as well as some major
x8lmotjCQyu-01321-00319275-00319499 Protestant denominations provide help
x8lmotjCQyu-01322-00319500-00319691 for the poor in the form of crop seeds
x8lmotjCQyu-01323-00319692-00320225 farm animals medical care and education
x8lmotjCQyu-01324-00320226-00320772 topic largest cities
x8lmotjCQyu-01325-00320773-00321271 topic health
x8lmotjCQyu-01326-00321272-00321581 epidemics of cholera malaria rabies and
x8lmotjCQyu-01327-00321582-00321800 African hemorrhagic fevers like Marburg
x8lmotjCQyu-01328-00321801-00322031 hemorrhagic fever are common diseases in
x8lmotjCQyu-01329-00322032-00322262 several parts of the country many
x8lmotjCQyu-01330-00322263-00322433 regions in this country have high
x8lmotjCQyu-01331-00322434-00322655 incidence rates of tuberculosis and high
x8lmotjCQyu-01332-00322656-00322993 HIV prevalence rates dengue filariasis
x8lmotjCQyu-01333-00322994-00323294 leishmaniasis and unko psoriasis river
x8lmotjCQyu-01334-00323295-00323507 blindness or other diseases carried by
x8lmotjCQyu-01335-00323508-00323722 insects that also occur in the region
x8lmotjCQyu-01336-00323723-00323969 Angola has one of the highest infant
x8lmotjCQyu-01337-00323970-00324170 mortality rates in the world and one of
x8lmotjCQyu-01338-00324171-00324454 the world's lowest life expectancies a
x8lmotjCQyu-01339-00324455-00324704 2007 survey concluded that low end
x8lmotjCQyu-01340-00324705-00324935 deficient niacin status was common in
x8lmotjCQyu-01341-00324936-00325241 Angola demographic and health surveys is
x8lmotjCQyu-01342-00325242-00325445 currently conducting several surveys in
x8lmotjCQyu-01343-00325446-00325700 Angola on malaria domestic violence and
x8lmotjCQyu-01344-00325701-00325976 more in September 2014 the Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-01345-00325977-00326240 Institute for cancer control IACC
x8lmotjCQyu-01346-00326241-00326468 was created by presidential decree and
x8lmotjCQyu-01347-00326469-00326618 it will integrate the National Health
x8lmotjCQyu-01348-00326619-00326885 Service in Angola the purpose of this
x8lmotjCQyu-01349-00326886-00327062 new center is to ensure health and
x8lmotjCQyu-01350-00327063-00327272 medical care in oncology policy
x8lmotjCQyu-01351-00327273-00327494 implementation programs and plans for
x8lmotjCQyu-01352-00327495-00327686 prevention and specialized treatment
x8lmotjCQyu-01353-00327687-00327962 this cancer institute will be assumed as
x8lmotjCQyu-01354-00327963-00328160 a reference institution in the central
x8lmotjCQyu-01355-00328161-00328427 and southern regions of Africa in 2014
x8lmotjCQyu-01356-00328428-00328652 Angola launched a national campaign of
x8lmotjCQyu-01357-00328653-00328883 vaccination against measles extended to
x8lmotjCQyu-01358-00328884-00329075 every child under 10 years old and
x8lmotjCQyu-01359-00329076-00329276 aiming to go to all 18 provinces in the
x8lmotjCQyu-01360-00329277-00329513 country the measure is part of the
x8lmotjCQyu-01361-00329514-00329711 strategic plan for the elimination of
x8lmotjCQyu-01362-00329712-00330008 measles 2014 to 2020 created by the
x8lmotjCQyu-01363-00330009-00330182 Angolan Ministry of Health which
x8lmotjCQyu-01364-00330183-00330332 includes strengthening routine
x8lmotjCQyu-01365-00330333-00330530 immunization a proper dealing with
x8lmotjCQyu-01366-00330531-00330734 measles cases national campaigns
x8lmotjCQyu-01367-00330735-00330974 introducing a second dose of vaccination
x8lmotjCQyu-01368-00330975-00331160 in the national routine vaccination
x8lmotjCQyu-01369-00331161-00331373 calendar and active epidemiological
x8lmotjCQyu-01370-00331374-00331634 surveillance for measles this campaign
x8lmotjCQyu-01371-00331635-00331808 took place together with the vaccination
x8lmotjCQyu-01372-00331809-00331997 against polio and vitamin A
x8lmotjCQyu-01373-00331998-00332234 supplementation a yellow fever outbreak
x8lmotjCQyu-01374-00332235-00332387 the worst in the country in three
x8lmotjCQyu-01375-00332388-00332756 decades began in December 2015 by August
x8lmotjCQyu-01376-00332757-00332996 2016 when the outbreak began to subside
x8lmotjCQyu-01377-00332997-00333266 nearly 4,000 people were suspected of
x8lmotjCQyu-01378-00333267-00333650 being infected as many as 369 may have
x8lmotjCQyu-01379-00333651-00333905 died the outbreak began in the capital
x8lmotjCQyu-01380-00333906-00334160 Luanda and spread to at least 16 of the
x8lmotjCQyu-01381-00334161-00334622 18 provinces
x8lmotjCQyu-01382-00334623-00335083 topic education
x8lmotjCQyu-01383-00335084-00335347 although by law education in Angola is
x8lmotjCQyu-01384-00335348-00335560 compulsory and free for 8 years the
x8lmotjCQyu-01385-00335561-00335746 government reports that a percentage of
x8lmotjCQyu-01386-00335747-00335926 pupils are not attending due to a lack
x8lmotjCQyu-01387-00335927-00336214 of school buildings and teachers pupils
x8lmotjCQyu-01388-00336215-00336382 are often responsible for paying
x8lmotjCQyu-01389-00336383-00336577 additional school related expenses
x8lmotjCQyu-01390-00336578-00336814 including fees for books and supplies in
x8lmotjCQyu-01391-00336815-00337090 1999 the gross primary enrollment rate
x8lmotjCQyu-01392-00337091-00337399 was 74 percent and in 1998 the most
x8lmotjCQyu-01393-00337400-00337561 recent year for which data are available
x8lmotjCQyu-01394-00337562-00337846 the net primary enrollment rate was 61
x8lmotjCQyu-01395-00337847-00338143 percent gross and net enrolment ratios
x8lmotjCQyu-01396-00338144-00338293 are based on the number of pupils
x8lmotjCQyu-01397-00338294-00338515 formerly registered in primary school
x8lmotjCQyu-01398-00338516-00338710 and therefore do not necessarily reflect
x8lmotjCQyu-01399-00338711-00339001 actual school attendance there continue
x8lmotjCQyu-01400-00339002-00339172 to be significant disparities in
x8lmotjCQyu-01401-00339173-00339382 enrollment between rural and urban areas
x8lmotjCQyu-01402-00339383-00339850 in 1995 70 1.2 percent of children ages
x8lmotjCQyu-01403-00339851-00340099 7 to 14 years were attending school it
x8lmotjCQyu-01404-00340100-00340354 is reported that higher percentages of
x8lmotjCQyu-01405-00340355-00340654 boys attend school than girls during the
x8lmotjCQyu-01406-00340655-00341056 Angolan Civil War 1975 to 2002 nearly
x8lmotjCQyu-01407-00341057-00341236 half of all schools were reportedly
x8lmotjCQyu-01408-00341237-00341443 looted and destroyed leading to current
x8lmotjCQyu-01409-00341444-00341719 problems with overcrowding the Ministry
x8lmotjCQyu-01410-00341720-00341944 of Education recruited 20,000 new
x8lmotjCQyu-01411-00341945-00342178 teachers in 2005 and continued to
x8lmotjCQyu-01412-00342179-00342430 implement teacher trainings teachers
x8lmotjCQyu-01413-00342431-00342601 tend to be underpaid inadequately
x8lmotjCQyu-01414-00342602-00342787 trained and overworked sometimes
x8lmotjCQyu-01415-00342788-00343078 teaching two or three shifts a day some
x8lmotjCQyu-01416-00343079-00343273 teachers may reportedly demand payment
x8lmotjCQyu-01417-00343274-00343468 or bribes directly from their pupils
x8lmotjCQyu-01418-00343469-00343750 other factors such as the presence of
x8lmotjCQyu-01419-00343751-00343996 landmines lack of resources and identity
x8lmotjCQyu-01420-00343997-00344185 papers and poor health prevent children
x8lmotjCQyu-01421-00344186-00344464 from regularly attending school although
x8lmotjCQyu-01422-00344465-00344701 budgetary allocations for education were
x8lmotjCQyu-01423-00344702-00344995 increased in 2004 the education system
x8lmotjCQyu-01424-00344996-00345151 in Angola continues to be extremely
x8lmotjCQyu-01425-00345152-00345400 underfunded according to estimates by
x8lmotjCQyu-01426-00345401-00345625 the UNESCO Institute for statistics the
x8lmotjCQyu-01427-00345626-00345910 adult literacy rate in 2011 was 70 point
x8lmotjCQyu-01428-00345911-00346264 4 percent by 2015 this had increased to
x8lmotjCQyu-01429-00346265-00346519 71 point one percent eighty two point
x8lmotjCQyu-01430-00346520-00346714 nine percent of males and fifty four
x8lmotjCQyu-01431-00346715-00346900 point two percent of women are literate
x8lmotjCQyu-01432-00346901-00347194 as of 2001 since independence from
x8lmotjCQyu-01433-00347195-00347506 Portugal in 1975 a number of Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-01434-00347507-00347695 students continued to be admitted every
x8lmotjCQyu-01435-00347696-00347893 year at high schools Polytechnical
x8lmotjCQyu-01436-00347894-00348127 institutes and universities in Portugal
x8lmotjCQyu-01437-00348128-00348283 Brazil and Cuba through bilateral
x8lmotjCQyu-01438-00348284-00348439 agreements in gender
x8lmotjCQyu-01439-00348440-00348691 these students belong to the elites in
x8lmotjCQyu-01440-00348692-00349008 September 2014 the Angolan Ministry of
x8lmotjCQyu-01441-00349009-00349257 Education announced an investment of 16
x8lmotjCQyu-01442-00349258-00349482 million euros in the computerization of
x8lmotjCQyu-01443-00349483-00349709 over 300 classrooms across the country
x8lmotjCQyu-01444-00349710-00349980 the project also includes training
x8lmotjCQyu-01445-00349981-00350226 teachers at a national level as a way to
x8lmotjCQyu-01446-00350227-00350464 introduce and use new information
x8lmotjCQyu-01447-00350465-00350709 technologies in primary schools thus
x8lmotjCQyu-01448-00350710-00350898 reflecting an improvement in the quality
x8lmotjCQyu-01449-00350899-00351270 of teaching in 2010 the Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-01450-00351271-00351463 government started building the Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-01451-00351464-00351675 media libraries Network distributed
x8lmotjCQyu-01452-00351676-00351828 throughout several provinces in the
x8lmotjCQyu-01453-00351829-00351999 country to facilitate the people's
x8lmotjCQyu-01454-00352000-00352264 access to information and knowledge each
x8lmotjCQyu-01455-00352265-00352462 site has a bibliographic archive
x8lmotjCQyu-01456-00352463-00352717 multimedia resources and computers with
x8lmotjCQyu-01457-00352718-00352939 internet access as well as areas for
x8lmotjCQyu-01458-00352940-00353212 reading researching and socializing the
x8lmotjCQyu-01459-00353213-00353427 plan envisages the establishment of one
x8lmotjCQyu-01460-00353428-00353655 media library in each Angolan province
x8lmotjCQyu-01461-00353656-00354016 by 2017 the project also includes the
x8lmotjCQyu-01462-00354017-00354187 implementation of several media
x8lmotjCQyu-01463-00354188-00354372 libraries in order to provide the
x8lmotjCQyu-01464-00354373-00354568 several contents available in the fixed
x8lmotjCQyu-01465-00354569-00354746 media libraries to the most isolated
x8lmotjCQyu-01466-00354747-00355053 populations in the country at this time
x8lmotjCQyu-01467-00355054-00355267 the mobile media libraries are already
x8lmotjCQyu-01468-00355268-00355455 operating in the provinces of Luanda
x8lmotjCQyu-01469-00355456-00355765 Malin J u ID Cabinda and Linda South as
x8lmotjCQyu-01470-00355766-00356062 for Rema the provinces of Luanda
x8lmotjCQyu-01471-00356063-00356307 Benguela lu bongo and soya have
x8lmotjCQyu-01472-00356308-00356788 currently working media libraries
x8lmotjCQyu-01473-00356789-00357290 topic culture
x8lmotjCQyu-01474-00357291-00357533 the substrate of Angolan culture as
x8lmotjCQyu-01475-00357534-00357743 African predominantly Bantu while
x8lmotjCQyu-01476-00357744-00357953 Portuguese culture has had a significant
x8lmotjCQyu-01477-00357954-00358166 impact specifically in terms of language
x8lmotjCQyu-01478-00358167-00358418 and religion the diverse ethnic
x8lmotjCQyu-01479-00358419-00358649 communities the ovum bundu and bundu
x8lmotjCQyu-01480-00358650-00358970 Bakongo Chokwe mbunda and other peoples
x8lmotjCQyu-01481-00358971-00359165 to varying degrees maintain their own
x8lmotjCQyu-01482-00359166-00359399 cultural traits traditions and languages
x8lmotjCQyu-01483-00359400-00359585 but in the cities where slightly more
x8lmotjCQyu-01484-00359586-00359786 than half of the population now lives a
x8lmotjCQyu-01485-00359787-00359972 mixed culture has been emerging since
x8lmotjCQyu-01486-00359973-00360191 colonial times in Luanda since its
x8lmotjCQyu-01487-00360192-00360485 foundation in the 16th century in this
x8lmotjCQyu-01488-00360486-00360692 urban culture the Portuguese heritage
x8lmotjCQyu-01489-00360693-00360892 has become more and more dominant
x8lmotjCQyu-01490-00360893-00361142 African roots are evident in music and
x8lmotjCQyu-01491-00361143-00361316 dance and is molding the way in which
x8lmotjCQyu-01492-00361317-00361604 Portuguese is spoken this process is
x8lmotjCQyu-01493-00361605-00361820 well reflected in contemporary Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-01494-00361821-00362018 literature especially in the works of
x8lmotjCQyu-01495-00362019-00362432 Angolan authors in 2014 angola resumed
x8lmotjCQyu-01496-00362433-00362654 the national festival of Angolan culture
x8lmotjCQyu-01497-00362655-00362972 after a 25-year break the festival took
x8lmotjCQyu-01498-00362973-00363194 place in all the provincial capitals and
x8lmotjCQyu-01499-00363195-00363380 lasted for 20 days with the theme
x8lmotjCQyu-01500-00363381-00363548 culture as a factor of peace and
x8lmotjCQyu-01501-00363549-00363924 development
x8lmotjCQyu-01502-00363925-00364337 topic cinema
x8lmotjCQyu-01503-00364338-00364675 in 1972 one of Angela's first feature
x8lmotjCQyu-01504-00364676-00364919 films Sara maldor's internationally
x8lmotjCQyu-01505-00364920-00365131 co-produced Samba jeonga was released at
x8lmotjCQyu-01506-00365132-00365329 the Carthage Film Festival to critical
x8lmotjCQyu-01507-00365330-00365503 acclaim winning the tenant door the
x8lmotjCQyu-01508-00365504-00366005 festival's highest prize
x8lmotjCQyu-01509-00366006-00366418 pick sport
x8lmotjCQyu-01510-00366419-00366671 basketball is the most popular sport in
x8lmotjCQyu-01511-00366672-00366917 Angola its national team has won the
x8lmotjCQyu-01512-00366918-00367133 afro basket 11 times and holds the
x8lmotjCQyu-01513-00367134-00367424 record of most titles as a top team in
x8lmotjCQyu-01514-00367425-00367638 Africa it's a regular competitor at the
x8lmotjCQyu-01515-00367639-00367826 Summer Olympic Games in the FIBA World
x8lmotjCQyu-01516-00367827-00368048 Cup in football
x8lmotjCQyu-01517-00368049-00368294 Angola hosted the 2010 Africa Cup of
x8lmotjCQyu-01518-00368295-00368562 Nations the Angola national football
x8lmotjCQyu-01519-00368563-00368849 team qualified for the 2006 fifa world
x8lmotjCQyu-01520-00368850-00369056 cup as this was their first appearance
x8lmotjCQyu-01521-00369057-00369317 on the world cup final stage they were
x8lmotjCQyu-01522-00369318-00369516 eliminated after one defeat and two
x8lmotjCQyu-01523-00369517-00369827 draws in the group stage they won 3 cos
x8lmotjCQyu-01524-00369828-00370130 AFA cups and finished runner-up in 2011
x8lmotjCQyu-01525-00370131-00370433 African Nations Championship Angola has
x8lmotjCQyu-01526-00370434-00370617 participated in the world women's
x8lmotjCQyu-01527-00370618-00370820 handball championship for several years
x8lmotjCQyu-01528-00370821-00371072 the country has also appeared in the
x8lmotjCQyu-01529-00371073-00371276 Summer Olympics for seven years and both
x8lmotjCQyu-01530-00371277-00371468 regularly competes in and once has
x8lmotjCQyu-01531-00371469-00371681 hosted the Furze Roller Hockey World Cup
x8lmotjCQyu-01532-00371682-00371981 where the best finish is six Angola is
x8lmotjCQyu-01533-00371982-00372176 also often believed to have historic
x8lmotjCQyu-01534-00372177-00372443 roots in the martial art capoeira Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-01535-00372444-00372782 end but to which were practiced by
x8lmotjCQyu-01536-00372783-00373028 enslaved African Angolans transported as
x8lmotjCQyu-01537-00373029-00373490 part of the Atlantic slave trade
x8lmotjCQyu-01538-00373491-00374318 topic see also outline of angola index
x8lmotjCQyu-01539-00374319-00374789 of angola related articles
x8lmotjCQyu-01540-00374790-00375290 topic notes
x8lmotjCQyu-01541-00375291-00375808 topic references
x8lmotjCQyu-01542-00375809-00376387 banes TS IDI 1878 Angola Encyclopedia
x8lmotjCQyu-01543-00376388-00376687 Brittanica to 9th ed New York Charles
x8lmotjCQyu-01544-00376688-00377154 Scribner's sons p45 Chisholm Hugh ed
x8lmotjCQyu-01545-00377155-00377590 1911 Angola Encyclopedia Britannica to
x8lmotjCQyu-01546-00377591-00377833 11th ed Cambridge University Press
x8lmotjCQyu-01547-00377834-00378241 pp 38 to 40 much of the material in this
x8lmotjCQyu-01548-00378242-00378427 article comes from the CIA World
x8lmotjCQyu-01549-00378428-00378766 Factbook 2000 and the 2003 US Department
x8lmotjCQyu-01550-00378767-00379030 of State website the information given
x8lmotjCQyu-01551-00379031-00379216 there is however corrected and updated
x8lmotjCQyu-01552-00379217-00379393 on the basis of the other sources
x8lmotjCQyu-01553-00379394-00379764 indicated
x8lmotjCQyu-01554-00379765-00380307 topic external links
x8lmotjCQyu-01555-00380308-00380702 official website in Portuguese Angola
x8lmotjCQyu-01556-00380703-00380991 the World Factbook Central Intelligence
x8lmotjCQyu-01557-00380992-00381528 Agency Angola at Curly Angola from UCB
x8lmotjCQyu-01558-00381529-00381889 libraries govpubs Angola profile from
x8lmotjCQyu-01559-00381890-00382295 the BBC news wikimedia atlas of angola
x8lmotjCQyu-01560-00382296-00382578 key development forecasts for angola
x8lmotjCQyu-01561-00382579-00382891 from international futures Bertelsmann
x8lmotjCQyu-01562-00382892-00383196 transformation index 2012 Angola country
x8lmotjCQyu-01563-00383197-00383553 report marcus Weimer the peace dividend
x8lmotjCQyu-01564-00383554-00383794 analysis of a decade of Angolan
x8lmotjCQyu-01565-00383795-00384280 indicators 2002 to 2012
x8lmotjCQyu-01566-00384281-00384511 the participation of Hungarian soldiers
x8lmotjCQyu-01567-00384512-00384967 in UN peacekeeping operations in Angola
xsM6QBcWqOk-00000-00000092-00000419 hey guys it's Vanessa here welcome back
xsM6QBcWqOk-00001-00000420-00000755 to another Vlog today's October the 10th
xsM6QBcWqOk-00002-00000756-00001212 and it actually marks the first day of
xsM6QBcWqOk-00003-00001213-00001636 my delivery sort of Journey
xsM6QBcWqOk-00004-00001637-00001841 um so I just thought I would document
xsM6QBcWqOk-00005-00001842-00002195 the journey essentially so today is the
xsM6QBcWqOk-00006-00002196-00002513 day I'm going in for a sweep we call it
xsM6QBcWqOk-00007-00002514-00002758 I think it's called cervical sweep
xsM6QBcWqOk-00008-00002759-00002921 um in case you're not familiar with that
xsM6QBcWqOk-00009-00002922-00003226 guys is basically
xsM6QBcWqOk-00010-00003227-00003304 um
xsM6QBcWqOk-00011-00003305-00003538 how am I going to explain it so
xsM6QBcWqOk-00012-00003539-00003688 basically like a suite that you do
xsM6QBcWqOk-00013-00003689-00003838 around your cervix and that's supposed
xsM6QBcWqOk-00014-00003839-00004145 to help sort of get things moving when
xsM6QBcWqOk-00015-00004146-00004277 it comes to like you getting
xsM6QBcWqOk-00016-00004278-00004541 contractions and stuff like that I I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00017-00004542-00004697 already told you guys that they were
xsM6QBcWqOk-00018-00004698-00005020 planning to induce so they are actually
xsM6QBcWqOk-00019-00005021-00005399 um doing this step first before I mean
xsM6QBcWqOk-00020-00005400-00005615 they'll see how things go
xsM6QBcWqOk-00021-00005616-00005693 um
xsM6QBcWqOk-00022-00005694-00006143 before I go in on Wednesday to have like
xsM6QBcWqOk-00023-00006144-00006496 the proper induction started so I'm
xsM6QBcWqOk-00024-00006497-00006713 actually super excited but at the same
xsM6QBcWqOk-00025-00006714-00006869 time I'm so nervous because I've never
xsM6QBcWqOk-00026-00006870-00007114 had a sweep done before and I don't
xsM6QBcWqOk-00027-00007115-00007241 really know what it's gonna feel like
xsM6QBcWqOk-00028-00007242-00007384 but I know it's going to be pretty
xsM6QBcWqOk-00029-00007386-00007546 uncomfortable because they're gonna have
xsM6QBcWqOk-00030-00007547-00007805 to get in there if you get what I mean
xsM6QBcWqOk-00031-00007806-00007996 um so but anyways
xsM6QBcWqOk-00032-00007997-00008291 I am excited that definitely within the
xsM6QBcWqOk-00033-00008292-00008567 next few days this week we will
xsM6QBcWqOk-00034-00008568-00008819 definitely have baby and the last time
xsM6QBcWqOk-00035-00008820-00009149 that I saw the Midwife she did say that
xsM6QBcWqOk-00036-00009150-00009203 um
xsM6QBcWqOk-00037-00009204-00009431 when I go in they're gonna examine me
xsM6QBcWqOk-00038-00009432-00009731 and see basically the condition of my
xsM6QBcWqOk-00039-00009732-00010103 cervix so if it happens that I'm kind of
xsM6QBcWqOk-00040-00010104-00010349 dilating already then they may not
xsM6QBcWqOk-00041-00010350-00010559 necessarily have to consider it so I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00042-00010560-00010769 don't know I'm gonna go in and see how
xsM6QBcWqOk-00043-00010770-00010991 that goes I feel like I've been getting
xsM6QBcWqOk-00044-00010992-00011291 some kind of contractions and maybe
xsM6QBcWqOk-00045-00011292-00011549 totally wrong guys honestly but I do
xsM6QBcWqOk-00046-00011550-00011777 feel like I have been contracting it
xsM6QBcWqOk-00047-00011778-00011969 might just be really intense baxton
xsM6QBcWqOk-00048-00011970-00012088 Higgs
xsM6QBcWqOk-00049-00012089-00012305 um because when that happens I can feel
xsM6QBcWqOk-00050-00012306-00012659 how my stomach gets super hard and
xsM6QBcWqOk-00051-00012660-00012905 um obviously it's not like anything
xsM6QBcWqOk-00052-00012906-00013199 it's not that bad but definitely I've
xsM6QBcWqOk-00053-00013200-00013438 been noticing sort of a bit of
xsM6QBcWqOk-00054-00013440-00013727 discomfort down there anyways when I'm
xsM6QBcWqOk-00055-00013728-00013907 going today they'll tell me exactly
xsM6QBcWqOk-00056-00013908-00014171 what's going on and basically how
xsM6QBcWqOk-00057-00014172-00014435 everything is going to be I'm recording
xsM6QBcWqOk-00058-00014436-00014705 with my phone because when I when I'm
xsM6QBcWqOk-00059-00014706-00015058 sort of about out and about today I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00060-00015059-00015257 don't know if I'll have energy to carry
xsM6QBcWqOk-00061-00015258-00015449 a camera so I'm just gonna be probably
xsM6QBcWqOk-00062-00015450-00015713 vlogging with my phone guys it's very I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00063-00015713-00015865 don't know things may not happen today
xsM6QBcWqOk-00064-00015866-00016133 but I'm gonna tell you guys throughout
xsM6QBcWqOk-00065-00016134-00016415 the journey so this morning I'm just
xsM6QBcWqOk-00066-00016416-00016594 getting my son ready
xsM6QBcWqOk-00067-00016595-00016841 for school my daughter's still sleeping
xsM6QBcWqOk-00068-00016842-00017063 you can probably hear her like you know
xsM6QBcWqOk-00069-00017064-00017267 snowing and all that I think I'm just
xsM6QBcWqOk-00070-00017268-00017429 gonna have to like
xsM6QBcWqOk-00071-00017430-00017699 I don't know just get her out of bed and
xsM6QBcWqOk-00072-00017700-00017915 just take her to school like that I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00073-00017916-00018058 usually do a school one before because
xsM6QBcWqOk-00074-00018059-00018257 in the mornings is usually just me and
xsM6QBcWqOk-00075-00018258-00018377 the kids
xsM6QBcWqOk-00076-00018378-00018575 um because my husband works quite early
xsM6QBcWqOk-00077-00018576-00018827 in the morning so he's already left for
xsM6QBcWqOk-00078-00018828-00018941 work
xsM6QBcWqOk-00079-00018942-00019133 um so yeah I have to do what I have to
xsM6QBcWqOk-00080-00019134-00019330 do so I also need to get to the post
xsM6QBcWqOk-00081-00019331-00019499 office because I've got some orders that
xsM6QBcWqOk-00082-00019500-00019636 I need to
xsM6QBcWqOk-00083-00019637-00019750 um post
xsM6QBcWqOk-00084-00019751-00020075 and it's such a cloudy day today guys
xsM6QBcWqOk-00085-00020076-00020483 honestly it is raining it's dark
xsM6QBcWqOk-00086-00020484-00020753 um yeah I hate days like this because
xsM6QBcWqOk-00087-00020754-00021022 especially when I have to be out because
xsM6QBcWqOk-00088-00021023-00021341 obviously it just gets wet with the kids
xsM6QBcWqOk-00089-00021342-00021569 in it and stuff oh I just hate it
xsM6QBcWqOk-00090-00021570-00021767 obviously I have a car but
xsM6QBcWqOk-00091-00021768-00021919 still still
xsM6QBcWqOk-00092-00021920-00022175 because when I get to my son's school I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00093-00022176-00022349 have to park and then walk a little bit
xsM6QBcWqOk-00094-00022350-00022672 to actually like get him to his teachers
xsM6QBcWqOk-00095-00022673-00022985 at the gate so yeah I'm really not
xsM6QBcWqOk-00096-00022986-00023153 looking forward to that it looks like
xsM6QBcWqOk-00097-00023154-00023453 it's going to be a wet school school run
xsM6QBcWqOk-00098-00023454-00023608 this morning
xsM6QBcWqOk-00099-00023609-00023794 um so I'm just gonna get his bag lady I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00100-00023795-00023975 think I've talked too long this is such
xsM6QBcWqOk-00101-00023976-00024185 a long introduction I'm gonna get this
xsM6QBcWqOk-00102-00024186-00024377 bag ready and then we can just leave the
xsM6QBcWqOk-00103-00024378-00024508 house because I don't want him to be
xsM6QBcWqOk-00104-00024509-00024593 late
xsM6QBcWqOk-00105-00024594-00024761 um so yeah
xsM6QBcWqOk-00106-00024762-00025124 foreign
xsM6QBcWqOk-00107-00025125-00026128 [Music]
xsM6QBcWqOk-00108-00026129-00026483 hey guys so I've actually got to the
xsM6QBcWqOk-00109-00026483-00026662 hospital
xsM6QBcWqOk-00110-00026663-00026743 um
xsM6QBcWqOk-00111-00026744-00027070 I sorry I'm recording here it's just
xsM6QBcWqOk-00112-00027072-00027208 because I thought I was going to be late
xsM6QBcWqOk-00113-00027210-00027490 so I left in a little bit of a hurry
xsM6QBcWqOk-00114-00027491-00027731 um but I'm actually on time and I've got
xsM6QBcWqOk-00115-00027732-00027917 I think 10 minutes I actually don't know
xsM6QBcWqOk-00116-00027918-00028199 where I'm going so it'll be quite nice
xsM6QBcWqOk-00117-00028200-00028355 um to use these 10 minutes that I've got
xsM6QBcWqOk-00118-00028356-00028661 now to just find my way
xsM6QBcWqOk-00119-00028662-00028889 um it's not at the usual place where I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00120-00028889-00029140 go for my antenatal seems like it's a
xsM6QBcWqOk-00121-00029141-00029302 different it's a different world
xsM6QBcWqOk-00122-00029304-00029429 so
xsM6QBcWqOk-00123-00029430-00029729 um yeah I'm here we're about to go and
xsM6QBcWqOk-00124-00029730-00030035 get this week done hopefully it's not as
xsM6QBcWqOk-00125-00030036-00030329 horrible as I'm thinking it will be
xsM6QBcWqOk-00126-00030330-00030557 um but I kind of know what to expect
xsM6QBcWqOk-00127-00030558-00030790 because I feel like
xsM6QBcWqOk-00128-00030791-00030946 she's probably gonna try and get in
xsM6QBcWqOk-00129-00030947-00031205 there do you get what I mean like that's
xsM6QBcWqOk-00130-00031206-00031402 it um I don't know hopefully it's not
xsM6QBcWqOk-00131-00031404-00031583 gonna be as uncomfortable as perhaps
xsM6QBcWqOk-00132-00031583-00031793 getting your Waters broken because that
xsM6QBcWqOk-00133-00031794-00031979 I've had done before
xsM6QBcWqOk-00134-00031980-00032320 um but I've never had that car but I've
xsM6QBcWqOk-00135-00032322-00032687 never had a sweet before so anyways
xsM6QBcWqOk-00136-00032688-00032879 um can you see how the weather's changed
xsM6QBcWqOk-00137-00032880-00033239 like the sun is out and it's hot
xsM6QBcWqOk-00138-00033240-00033449 um so much better than it was this
xsM6QBcWqOk-00139-00033450-00033629 morning this morning was literally so
xsM6QBcWqOk-00140-00033630-00034037 cloudy and wet and all of that so yeah I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00141-00034038-00034246 brought my daughter with me because I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00142-00034247-00034343 was like
xsM6QBcWqOk-00143-00034344-00034493 I couldn't be bothered to drive to my
xsM6QBcWqOk-00144-00034494-00034715 sister's place honestly it was just
xsM6QBcWqOk-00145-00034716-00034912 I was just thinking about it I was like
xsM6QBcWqOk-00146-00034913-00035201 it's an extra Journey for me and to be
xsM6QBcWqOk-00147-00035202-00035393 completely honest guys I'm so tired as
xsM6QBcWqOk-00148-00035394-00035668 well I really feel like I need a nap but
xsM6QBcWqOk-00149-00035669-00035855 obviously I have to be here so I just
xsM6QBcWqOk-00150-00035856-00036083 thought I'd call a midwife and just ask
xsM6QBcWqOk-00151-00036084-00036274 if I could come with her and she said
xsM6QBcWqOk-00152-00036275-00036473 yes fine if you haven't got child care
xsM6QBcWqOk-00153-00036474-00036767 it's okay just come with her
xsM6QBcWqOk-00154-00036768-00037127 um so here we are I'm gonna go with the
xsM6QBcWqOk-00155-00037128-00037289 little Madame hopefully she's not gonna
xsM6QBcWqOk-00156-00037290-00037433 bother me I'm just gonna give her my
xsM6QBcWqOk-00157-00037434-00037673 phone to watch cartoon while we get on
xsM6QBcWqOk-00158-00037674-00037907 with whatever we need to do and then
xsM6QBcWqOk-00159-00037908-00038057 I've got this cool one again this
xsM6QBcWqOk-00160-00038058-00038146 afternoon
xsM6QBcWqOk-00161-00038147-00038446 so hopefully we could be done time for
xsM6QBcWqOk-00162-00038447-00038602 me to go home and get a little nap
xsM6QBcWqOk-00163-00038603-00038837 because honestly I'm tired I'm just
xsM6QBcWqOk-00164-00038838-00039017 getting to this point now where I feel
xsM6QBcWqOk-00165-00039018-00039262 like I just want this baby out of me you
xsM6QBcWqOk-00166-00039263-00039449 know I really just want this baby out of
xsM6QBcWqOk-00167-00039450-00039623 me and to know that it's gonna happen
xsM6QBcWqOk-00168-00039624-00039899 this week is super exciting so anyways
xsM6QBcWqOk-00169-00039900-00040073 I'll let you guys know how this trip
xsM6QBcWqOk-00170-00040074-00040349 goes I don't think here we're allowed to
xsM6QBcWqOk-00171-00040350-00040624 record I think it's this hospital has a
xsM6QBcWqOk-00172-00040625-00040799 policy that you're not allowed to like
xsM6QBcWqOk-00173-00040800-00041111 have your phone I will code anything so
xsM6QBcWqOk-00174-00041112-00041287 I don't think I will be able to record
xsM6QBcWqOk-00175-00041288-00041537 me going through the process but I'll
xsM6QBcWqOk-00176-00041538-00041801 talk you guys through basically what
xsM6QBcWqOk-00177-00041802-00042487 happened so I'm gonna update you
xsM6QBcWqOk-00178-00042488-00043775 so we need to go this way
xsM6QBcWqOk-00179-00043776-00045098 [Music]
xsM6QBcWqOk-00180-00045099-00045889 [Music]
xsM6QBcWqOk-00181-00045890-00046361 hi guys your girl is back from doing the
xsM6QBcWqOk-00182-00046362-00046618 sweep that thing is so uncomfortable oh
xsM6QBcWqOk-00183-00046619-00046907 my goodness honestly officially puts her
xsM6QBcWqOk-00184-00046908-00047123 fingers like couple of fingers in there
xsM6QBcWqOk-00185-00047124-00047435 and she reaches as far down as possible
xsM6QBcWqOk-00186-00047436-00047729 so that thing is ah literally the level
xsM6QBcWqOk-00187-00047730-00048017 of discomfort is is something else the
xsM6QBcWqOk-00188-00048018-00048340 sun is just right in my face gosh
xsM6QBcWqOk-00189-00048341-00048611 yeah so it is very very uncomfortable
xsM6QBcWqOk-00190-00048612-00048935 but then the good news is
xsM6QBcWqOk-00191-00048936-00049199 um um one to two centimeters dilated of
xsM6QBcWqOk-00192-00049200-00049361 ID
xsM6QBcWqOk-00193-00049362-00049637 um so I've just got my report here
xsM6QBcWqOk-00194-00049638-00049996 so I'm one to two centimeters dilated so
xsM6QBcWqOk-00195-00049997-00050261 from what she's saying is that uh we're
xsM6QBcWqOk-00196-00050262-00050429 hoping that obviously this week does
xsM6QBcWqOk-00197-00050430-00050758 something uh meaning that I go on to
xsM6QBcWqOk-00198-00050759-00051030 start having contractions on my own
xsM6QBcWqOk-00199-00051031-00051413 obviously if that doesn't happen then on
xsM6QBcWqOk-00200-00051414-00051773 Thursday I'm going to go in for proper
xsM6QBcWqOk-00201-00051774-00052061 induction so she's saying that by the
xsM6QBcWqOk-00202-00052062-00052240 time I come on Thursday it might be they
xsM6QBcWqOk-00203-00052241-00052408 might be able to break my water straight
xsM6QBcWqOk-00204-00052409-00052487 away
xsM6QBcWqOk-00205-00052488-00052763 which means hopefully fingers crossed
xsM6QBcWqOk-00206-00052764-00052882 it's going to be like a similar
xsM6QBcWqOk-00207-00052883-00053044 experience to what I had with my
xsM6QBcWqOk-00208-00053045-00053273 daughter when I um when I was giving
xsM6QBcWqOk-00209-00053274-00053429 birth to her because I literally just
xsM6QBcWqOk-00210-00053429-00053675 went in I was two centimeters gone they
xsM6QBcWqOk-00211-00053676-00053963 poked my Waters and I had the epidural
xsM6QBcWqOk-00212-00053964-00054166 and everything was just so peaceful and
xsM6QBcWqOk-00213-00054167-00054341 so smooth
xsM6QBcWqOk-00214-00054341-00054509 um so I'm hoping that it's the same this
xsM6QBcWqOk-00215-00054510-00054647 time
xsM6QBcWqOk-00216-00054648-00054791 so yeah that's what she's saying that
xsM6QBcWqOk-00217-00054791-00054929 they might be able to just break my
xsM6QBcWqOk-00218-00054929-00055187 Waters when I come in so I have to wait
xsM6QBcWqOk-00219-00055188-00055547 for the call on Thursday if nothing
xsM6QBcWqOk-00220-00055548-00055780 happens between now and then
xsM6QBcWqOk-00221-00055782-00056050 um when they've got like a a bed
xsM6QBcWqOk-00222-00056051-00056161 available
xsM6QBcWqOk-00223-00056162-00056566 so yeah I'm super excited I'm excited
xsM6QBcWqOk-00224-00056567-00056788 I'm already two centimeters gone and I'm
xsM6QBcWqOk-00225-00056789-00057059 not and I didn't really feel anything
xsM6QBcWqOk-00226-00057060-00057365 um yeah so anyways
xsM6QBcWqOk-00227-00057366-00057521 I just thought I'll give you guys this
xsM6QBcWqOk-00228-00057522-00057791 little update and my Zoe was so good she
xsM6QBcWqOk-00229-00057791-00057971 didn't disturb nothing she's such a good
xsM6QBcWqOk-00230-00057972-00058265 girl so I'm gonna go home now see if I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00231-00058266-00058379 can get a nap
xsM6QBcWqOk-00232-00058379-00058619 then go for the school run and then just
xsM6QBcWqOk-00233-00058620-00058894 can't read the rest of my day I think I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00234-00058895-00059279 might actually close a vlog here
xsM6QBcWqOk-00235-00059279-00059423 um because there's not really anything
xsM6QBcWqOk-00236-00059424-00059521 else
xsM6QBcWqOk-00237-00059522-00059753 happening for the rest of the day apart
xsM6QBcWqOk-00238-00059754-00060121 from those things I've just mentioned so
xsM6QBcWqOk-00239-00060122-00060538 yeah this is like a pre-lay bar kind of
xsM6QBcWqOk-00240-00060539-00060838 situation obviously things do change I
xsM6QBcWqOk-00241-00060839-00060994 will update you guys
xsM6QBcWqOk-00242-00060995-00061216 um so thank you so much for watching and
xsM6QBcWqOk-00243-00061217-00061349 I'll catch you guys
xsM6QBcWqOk-00244-00061350-00061760 in the next Vlog bye
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00000-00000032-00000231 all right so now we have hanami she's
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00001-00000231-00000471 like the quiet honor student i think i
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00002-00000472-00000623 saw from the video
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00003-00000624-00000919 um so basically she's the drummer of the
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00004-00000919-00001191 man and
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00005-00001192-00001511 um oh nice hobbies walking her dog i
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00006-00001512-00001726 relate so much to that wakama dragon
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00007-00001727-00002055 that is also my hobby i also
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00008-00002056-00002407 i'm the best dragon walker on the planet
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00009-00002408-00002558 it's my hobby i mean i have to do it
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00010-00002559-00002839 every day so
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00011-00002840-00003222 she's the best girl no no no best girl
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00012-00003223-00003511 is the next she doesn't like cheese
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00013-00003511-00003670 all right i don't know why you guys
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00014-00003671-00003983 thought she was best girl
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00015-00003984-00004303 how dare you she doesn't like cheese
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00016-00004304-00004638 guys and you tell me this is best girl
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00017-00004639-00005038 yes he has someone not like cheese
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00018-00005039-00005295 my girl my girl you're gonna be like oh
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00019-00005296-00005583 my god this is celen's girl we're all
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00020-00005584-00005854 gonna gotcha for it that's right when
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00021-00005855-00005934 you see
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00022-00005935-00006199 when you see the next girl you're gonna
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00023-00006200-00006510 be like oh my god this is why
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00024-00006511-00006655 this is why
xtQuJ2sDQ3u-00025-00006656-00007128 uh she is a celen's girl
xvYUKFK3oIk-00000-00000275-00000937 Hey look at these what oh the article
xvYUKFK3oIk-00001-00000938-00001522 that's great and then congratulations
xvYUKFK3oIk-00002-00001523-00002002 doesn't think the good it does do you
xvYUKFK3oIk-00003-00002003-00002255 hear what just happened to me no you
xvYUKFK3oIk-00004-00002256-00002375 remember when I presented that paper
xvYUKFK3oIk-00005-00002376-00002657 last May sure that guy from tech was so
xvYUKFK3oIk-00006-00002658-00002879 interested in my topic took me out to
xvYUKFK3oIk-00007-00002880-00003041 dinner wanted me to send it more data
xvYUKFK3oIk-00008-00003042-00003293 showed a real interest in my ingenuity
xvYUKFK3oIk-00009-00003294-00003706 remember what happened he ran a couple
xvYUKFK3oIk-00010-00003707-00003881 of the experiments i described and
xvYUKFK3oIk-00011-00003882-00004499 published him before I could oh man Kade
xvYUKFK3oIk-00012-00004500-00004808 anything I don't know I've been so busy
xvYUKFK3oIk-00013-00004809-00005026 with my advisor on another project I
xvYUKFK3oIk-00014-00005027-00005218 haven't had time to work on my own
xvYUKFK3oIk-00015-00005219-00005518 research this guy definitely understood
xvYUKFK3oIk-00016-00005519-00005824 what I had took it another step or two I
xvYUKFK3oIk-00017-00005825-00006349 don't know what I'm gonna do but hey man
xvYUKFK3oIk-00018-00006350-00006778 you did it yeah it's great to see your
xvYUKFK3oIk-00019-00006779-00007253 name in print isn't dr. Kim your advisor
xvYUKFK3oIk-00020-00007254-00007459 I thought he'd be the second author you
xvYUKFK3oIk-00021-00007461-00007673 gave that to Professor Jones yeah don't
xvYUKFK3oIk-00022-00007673-00008092 like him asked to meet you oh he needs
xvYUKFK3oIk-00023-00008093-00008249 Jones support when they vote on his
xvYUKFK3oIk-00024-00008250-00008474 tenure this fall and for that the NSF
xvYUKFK3oIk-00025-00008475-00008735 grant he'd be walking on but Jones was
xvYUKFK3oIk-00026-00008736-00008921 never even in the lab she knows nothing
xvYUKFK3oIk-00027-00008922-00009178 about what you were doing oh yeah I
xvYUKFK3oIk-00028-00009179-00009428 remember she helped you a lot with the
xvYUKFK3oIk-00029-00009429-00009713 writing she basically wrote the abstract
xvYUKFK3oIk-00030-00009714-00009995 and helped me with about 3 V rights on
xvYUKFK3oIk-00031-00009996-00010253 the article she knows all about it well
xvYUKFK3oIk-00032-00010254-00011096 good then that's great hi kids
xvYUKFK3oIk-00033-00011097-00012332 Oh professor Jones did you hear that
xvYUKFK3oIk-00034-00012333-00012530 hero was cited for plagiarism and that
xvYUKFK3oIk-00035-00012531-00012806 article that he wrote dr. Kim just got a
xvYUKFK3oIk-00036-00012807-00013171 letter from the journal this morning man
xvYUKFK3oIk-00037-00013172-00013577 that's really awful isn't it
xwmyB0Bf38A-00000-00000036-00000703 [Music]
xwmyB0Bf38A-00001-00000704-00000958 fish in the sea
xwmyB0Bf38A-00002-00000959-00001359 you know how i feel
xwmyB0Bf38A-00003-00001360-00002734 [Music]
xwmyB0Bf38A-00004-00002735-00002960 it's a new life
xwmyB0Bf38A-00005-00002961-00003079 [Music]
xwmyB0Bf38A-00006-00003080-00003544 [Laughter]
xwmyB0Bf38A-00007-00003545-00004263 [Music]
xwmyB0Bf38A-00008-00004264-00004516 you know what i mean don't you know
xwmyB0Bf38A-00009-00004517-00004654 [Music]
xwmyB0Bf38A-00010-00004655-00004951 butterfly is all having fun
xwmyB0Bf38A-00011-00004952-00005279 you know what i mean
xwmyB0Bf38A-00012-00005280-00005575 sleep in peace when day is done that's
xwmyB0Bf38A-00013-00005576-00005683 what i
xwmyB0Bf38A-00014-00005684-00006533 mean and this old world is a new one
xwmyB0Bf38A-00015-00006534-00007983 [Music]
xwmyB0Bf38A-00016-00007984-00008192 you
xwwx5YMf3gY-00000-00000056-00000423 Nature has two interrelated meanings in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00001-00000424-00000812 philosophy on the one hand it means the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00002-00000813-00001083 set of all things which are natural or
xwwx5YMf3gY-00003-00001084-00001341 subject to the normal working of the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00004-00001342-00001722 laws of nature on the other hand it
xwwx5YMf3gY-00005-00001723-00001973 means the essential properties and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00006-00001975-00002355 causes of individual things
xwwx5YMf3gY-00007-00002356-00002583 how to understand the meaning and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00008-00002584-00002814 significance of nature has been a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00009-00002815-00003063 consistent theme of discussion within
xwwx5YMf3gY-00010-00003064-00003375 the history of Western civilization in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00011-00003376-00003684 the philosophical fields of metaphysics
xwwx5YMf3gY-00012-00003685-00004050 and epistemology as well as in theology
xwwx5YMf3gY-00013-00004051-00004458 and science the study of natural things
xwwx5YMf3gY-00014-00004459-00004692 and the regular laws which seem to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00015-00004693-00004961 govern them as opposed to discussion
xwwx5YMf3gY-00016-00004962-00005241 about what it means to be natural is the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00017-00005242-00005849 area of natural science the word nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00018-00005850-00006172 derives from Latin Natura a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00019-00006173-00006438 philosophical term derived from the verb
xwwx5YMf3gY-00020-00006439-00006677 for birth which was used as a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00021-00006678-00006995 translation for the earlier pre-socratic
xwwx5YMf3gY-00022-00006997-00007326 Greek term Phocis derived from the verb
xwwx5YMf3gY-00023-00007327-00007809 for natural growth already in classical
xwwx5YMf3gY-00024-00007809-00008118 times philosophical use of these words
xwwx5YMf3gY-00025-00008119-00008418 combined two related meanings which have
xwwx5YMf3gY-00026-00008419-00008679 in common that they refer to the way in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00027-00008680-00008924 which things happen by themselves
xwwx5YMf3gY-00028-00008925-00009516 naturally without interference from
xwwx5YMf3gY-00029-00009517-00009858 human deliberation divine intervention
xwwx5YMf3gY-00030-00009859-00010142 or anything outside what is considered
xwwx5YMf3gY-00031-00010143-00010392 normal for the natural things being
xwwx5YMf3gY-00032-00010393-00010820 considered understandings of nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00033-00010821-00011070 depend on the subject and age of the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00034-00011071-00011452 work where they appear for example
xwwx5YMf3gY-00035-00011453-00011745 Aristotle's explanation of natural
xwwx5YMf3gY-00036-00011746-00012002 properties differs from what is meant by
xwwx5YMf3gY-00037-00012003-00012237 natural properties in modern
xwwx5YMf3gY-00038-00012238-00012581 philosophical and scientific works which
xwwx5YMf3gY-00039-00012582-00012876 can also differ from other scientific
xwwx5YMf3gY-00040-00012877-00013612 and conventional usage
xwwx5YMf3gY-00041-00013613-00014063 topic classical nature and Aristotelian
xwwx5YMf3gY-00042-00014063-00014546 metaphysics
xwwx5YMf3gY-00043-00014547-00014975 the physics from tofu ceqa the natural
xwwx5YMf3gY-00044-00014976-00015404 things is Aristotle's principle work on
xwwx5YMf3gY-00045-00015405-00015935 nature in physics 2.1 Aristotle defines
xwwx5YMf3gY-00046-00015936-00016297 a nature as a source or cause of being
xwwx5YMf3gY-00047-00016299-00016613 moved and a being at rest in that to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00048-00016614-00017072 which it belongs primarily in other
xwwx5YMf3gY-00049-00017073-00017402 words a nature as the principle within a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00050-00017403-00017675 natural raw material that is the source
xwwx5YMf3gY-00051-00017676-00017960 of tendencies to change a rest in a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00052-00017961-00018332 particular way unless stopped for
xwwx5YMf3gY-00053-00018333-00018709 example a rock would fall unless stopped
xwwx5YMf3gY-00054-00018710-00019046 natural things stand in contrast to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00055-00019047-00019340 artifacts which are formed by human
xwwx5YMf3gY-00056-00019341-00019595 artifice not because of an innate
xwwx5YMf3gY-00057-00019596-00020051 tendency the raw materials of a bed have
xwwx5YMf3gY-00058-00020052-00020480 no tendency to become a bed in terms of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00059-00020481-00020822 Aristotle's theory of four causes the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00060-00020823-00021083 word natural is applied both to the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00061-00021084-00021359 innate potential of matter cause and the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00062-00021360-00021592 forms which the matter tends to become
xwwx5YMf3gY-00063-00021593-00021887 naturally according to Leo Strauss
xwwx5YMf3gY-00064-00021888-00022153 the beginning of Western philosophy
xwwx5YMf3gY-00065-00022154-00022553 involved the discovery or invention of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00066-00022554-00022981 nature and the pre philosophical
xwwx5YMf3gY-00067-00022982-00023386 equivalent of nature was supplied by
xwwx5YMf3gY-00068-00023387-00023944 such notions as custom or ways in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00069-00023945-00024224 ancient Greek philosophy on the other
xwwx5YMf3gY-00070-00024225-00024577 hand nature or natures are ways that are
xwwx5YMf3gY-00071-00024578-00025171 really universal in all times and places
xwwx5YMf3gY-00072-00025172-00025519 what makes nature different is that it
xwwx5YMf3gY-00073-00025520-00025789 presupposes not only that not all
xwwx5YMf3gY-00074-00025791-00026140 customs and ways are equal but also that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00075-00026141-00026492 one can find one's bearings in the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00076-00026493-00027080 cosmos on the basis of inquiry not for
xwwx5YMf3gY-00077-00027081-00027377 example on the basis of traditions or
xwwx5YMf3gY-00078-00027377-00027794 religion to put this discovery or
xwwx5YMf3gY-00079-00027795-00027936 invention
xwwx5YMf3gY-00080-00027937-00028305 into the traditional terminology what is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00081-00028306-00028851 by nature is contrasted to what is by
xwwx5YMf3gY-00082-00028852-00029289 convention the concept of nature taken
xwwx5YMf3gY-00083-00029289-00029564 this far remains a strong tradition in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00084-00029566-00029912 modern Western thinking science
xwwx5YMf3gY-00085-00029913-00030195 according to Strauss commentary of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00086-00030195-00030483 Western history as the contemplation of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00087-00030483-00030795 nature while technology was or as an
xwwx5YMf3gY-00088-00030795-00031145 attempt to imitate it going further the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00089-00031145-00031415 philosophical concept of nature or
xwwx5YMf3gY-00090-00031416-00031686 nature's as a special type of causation
xwwx5YMf3gY-00091-00031687-00031986 for example that the way particular
xwwx5YMf3gY-00092-00031987-00032258 humans are is partly caused by something
xwwx5YMf3gY-00093-00032260-00032739 called human nature is an essential step
xwwx5YMf3gY-00094-00032739-00033037 towards Aristotle's teaching concerning
xwwx5YMf3gY-00095-00033038-00033360 causation which became standard in all
xwwx5YMf3gY-00096-00033361-00033662 Western philosophy until the arrival of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00097-00033663-00034095 modern science whether it was intended
xwwx5YMf3gY-00098-00034096-00034205 or not
xwwx5YMf3gY-00099-00034206-00034521 Aristotle's inquiries into this subject
xwwx5YMf3gY-00100-00034522-00034743 were long felt to have resolved the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00101-00034744-00035040 discussion about nature in favor of one
xwwx5YMf3gY-00102-00035041-00035451 solution in this account there are four
xwwx5YMf3gY-00103-00035452-00035762 different types of cause
xwwx5YMf3gY-00104-00035763-00036175 the material cause as the raw material
xwwx5YMf3gY-00105-00036176-00036611 the matter which undergoes change one of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00106-00036612-00036908 the causes of a statue being what it is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00107-00036909-00037313 might be that it is bronze all meanings
xwwx5YMf3gY-00108-00037314-00037607 of the word nature encompass this simple
xwwx5YMf3gY-00109-00037608-00037994 meaning the efficient cause is the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00110-00037995-00038273 motion of another thing which makes a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00111-00038274-00038549 thing change for example a chisel
xwwx5YMf3gY-00112-00038550-00038825 hitting a rock causes a chip to break
xwwx5YMf3gY-00113-00038826-00039212 off this is the way which the matter is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00114-00039213-00039470 forming into a form so that it becomes
xwwx5YMf3gY-00115-00039471-00039758 substance like what Aristotle said that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00116-00039759-00040010 a substance must have a form and matter
xwwx5YMf3gY-00117-00040011-00040430 in order to call its substance this is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00118-00040431-00040691 the motion of changing a single being
xwwx5YMf3gY-00119-00040692-00041087 into two this is the most obvious way in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00120-00041088-00041384 which cause and effect works as in the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00121-00041385-00041762 descriptions of modern science but
xwwx5YMf3gY-00122-00041763-00042083 according to Aristotle this does not yet
xwwx5YMf3gY-00123-00042084-00042353 explain that of which the motion is and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00124-00042354-00042746 we must apply ourselves to the question
xwwx5YMf3gY-00125-00042747-00043037 whether there is any other cause per se
xwwx5YMf3gY-00126-00043038-00043586 besides matter the formal cause as the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00127-00043587-00043883 form or idea which serves as a template
xwwx5YMf3gY-00128-00043884-00044207 towards which things develop for example
xwwx5YMf3gY-00129-00044208-00044434 following an approach based upon
xwwx5YMf3gY-00130-00044435-00044699 Aristotle we could say that a child
xwwx5YMf3gY-00131-00044700-00045005 develops in a way partly determined by a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00132-00045006-00045530 thing called human nature here nature as
xwwx5YMf3gY-00133-00045531-00045956 a cause the final cause as the aim
xwwx5YMf3gY-00134-00045957-00046325 towards which something is directed for
xwwx5YMf3gY-00135-00046326-00046616 example a human aims at something
xwwx5YMf3gY-00136-00046617-00046931 perceived to be good as Aristotle says
xwwx5YMf3gY-00137-00046932-00047165 in the opening lines of the Nicomachean
xwwx5YMf3gY-00138-00047166-00047552 ethics the formal and final cause are an
xwwx5YMf3gY-00139-00047553-00047771 essential part of Aristotle's
xwwx5YMf3gY-00140-00047772-00048209 metaphysics his attempt to go beyond
xwwx5YMf3gY-00141-00048210-00048565 nature and explain nature itself in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00142-00048566-00048824 practice they imply a human-like
xwwx5YMf3gY-00143-00048825-00049082 consciousness involved in the causation
xwwx5YMf3gY-00144-00049083-00049394 of all things even things which are not
xwwx5YMf3gY-00145-00049395-00049814 man-made nature itself is attributed
xwwx5YMf3gY-00146-00049815-00050144 with having aims the artificial like the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00147-00050145-00050411 conventional therefore is within this
xwwx5YMf3gY-00148-00050412-00050711 branch of Western thought traditionally
xwwx5YMf3gY-00149-00050712-00051128 contrasted with the natural technology
xwwx5YMf3gY-00150-00051129-00051449 was contrasted with science as mentioned
xwwx5YMf3gY-00151-00051450-00051805 above and another essential aspect to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00152-00051807-00052076 this understanding of causation was the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00153-00052077-00052307 distinction between the accidental
xwwx5YMf3gY-00154-00052308-00052559 properties of a thing and the substance
xwwx5YMf3gY-00155-00052560-00052829 another distinction which has lost
xwwx5YMf3gY-00156-00052829-00053039 favour in the modern era
xwwx5YMf3gY-00157-00053040-00053329 after having long been widely accepted
xwwx5YMf3gY-00158-00053330-00053598 in medieval Europe
xwwx5YMf3gY-00159-00053599-00053930 to describe it another way aristotle
xwwx5YMf3gY-00160-00053932-00054171 treated organisms and other natural
xwwx5YMf3gY-00161-00054172-00054420 wholes as existing at a higher level
xwwx5YMf3gY-00162-00054421-00054779 than mere matter in motion
xwwx5YMf3gY-00163-00054779-00055065 Aristotle's argument for formal and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00164-00055066-00055367 final causes as related to a doctrine
xwwx5YMf3gY-00165-00055369-00055629 about how it is possible that people
xwwx5YMf3gY-00166-00055629-00056010 know things if nothing exists apart from
xwwx5YMf3gY-00167-00056011-00056202 individual things
xwwx5YMf3gY-00168-00056203-00056541 nothing will be intelligible everything
xwwx5YMf3gY-00169-00056541-00056808 will be sensible and there will be no
xwwx5YMf3gY-00170-00056809-00057165 knowledge of anything unless it be
xwwx5YMf3gY-00171-00057166-00057429 maintained that sense perception as
xwwx5YMf3gY-00172-00057429-00057849 knowledge those philosophers who
xwwx5YMf3gY-00173-00057850-00058110 disagree with this reasoning therefore
xwwx5YMf3gY-00174-00058111-00058374 also see knowledge differently from
xwwx5YMf3gY-00175-00058375-00058848 Aristotle Aristotle then described
xwwx5YMf3gY-00176-00058849-00059166 nature or nature's as follows in a way
xwwx5YMf3gY-00177-00059166-00059641 quite different from modern science
xwwx5YMf3gY-00178-00059641-00060112 nature means I'll in one sense the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00179-00060113-00060463 genesis of growing things as would be
xwwx5YMf3gY-00180-00060464-00060769 suggested by pronouncing the epsilon of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00181-00060770-00061178 fizzy's long and be in another that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00182-00061179-00061399 imminent thing from which a growing
xwwx5YMf3gY-00183-00061400-00061823 thing first begins to grow see the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00184-00061824-00062098 source from which the primary motion in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00185-00062099-00062398 every natural object is induced in that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00186-00062399-00062822 object as such all things are said to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00187-00062823-00063016 grow which gain increase through
xwwx5YMf3gY-00188-00063017-00063323 something else by contact and organic
xwwx5YMf3gY-00189-00063324-00063643 unity or adhesion as in the case of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00190-00063644-00064061 embryos organic unity differs from
xwwx5YMf3gY-00191-00064062-00064361 contact for in the latter case there
xwwx5YMf3gY-00192-00064362-00064675 need be nothing except contact but in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00193-00064676-00064934 both the things which form an organic
xwwx5YMf3gY-00194-00064935-00065159 unity there is someone and the same
xwwx5YMf3gY-00195-00065160-00065441 thing which produces instead of mere
xwwx5YMf3gY-00196-00065441-00065775 contact a unity which is organic
xwwx5YMf3gY-00197-00065776-00066091 continuous and quantitative but not
xwwx5YMf3gY-00198-00066092-00066742 qualitative again nature means D the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00199-00066743-00067097 primary stuff shapeless and unchangeable
xwwx5YMf3gY-00200-00067098-00067354 from its own potency of which any
xwwx5YMf3gY-00201-00067355-00067654 natural object consists are from which
xwwx5YMf3gY-00202-00067655-00068098 it is produced e.g bronze has called the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00203-00068099-00068443 nature of a statue and of bronze
xwwx5YMf3gY-00204-00068444-00068731 articles and wood that of wooden ones
xwwx5YMf3gY-00205-00068732-00069193 and similarly in all other cases for
xwwx5YMf3gY-00206-00069194-00069586 each article consists of these nature's
xwwx5YMf3gY-00207-00069587-00070051 the primary material persisting it is in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00208-00070052-00070334 this sense that men call the elements of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00209-00070335-00070804 natural objects the nature some calling
xwwx5YMf3gY-00210-00070805-00071104 it fire others earth or air or water
xwwx5YMf3gY-00211-00071105-00071429 others something else similar others
xwwx5YMf3gY-00212-00071430-00071819 some of these and others all of them
xwwx5YMf3gY-00213-00071820-00072278 again in another sense nature means II
xwwx5YMf3gY-00214-00072279-00072674 the substance of natural objects as in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00215-00072675-00072925 the case of those who say that the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00216-00072926-00073340 nature is the primary composition of a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00217-00073341-00073700 thing or as empedocles says of nothing
xwwx5YMf3gY-00218-00073701-00073973 that exists as their nature but only
xwwx5YMf3gY-00219-00073974-00074267 mixture and separation of what has been
xwwx5YMf3gY-00220-00074268-00074564 mixed nature as but a name given to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00221-00074565-00074927 these by men hence as regards those
xwwx5YMf3gY-00222-00074928-00075209 things which exists or are produced by
xwwx5YMf3gY-00223-00075210-00075443 nature although that from which they
xwwx5YMf3gY-00224-00075444-00075728 naturally are produced or exist as
xwwx5YMf3gY-00225-00075729-00076004 already present we say that they have
xwwx5YMf3gY-00226-00076005-00076241 not their nature yet unless they have
xwwx5YMf3gY-00227-00076242-00076553 their form and shape that which
xwwx5YMf3gY-00228-00076554-00076892 comprises both of these exists by Nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00229-00076893-00077375 eg animals and their parts and nature is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00230-00077376-00077678 both the primary matter and this in two
xwwx5YMf3gY-00231-00077679-00078020 senses either primary in relation to the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00232-00078021-00078455 thing or primary in general eg in bronze
xwwx5YMf3gY-00233-00078456-00078776 articles the primary matter in relation
xwwx5YMf3gY-00234-00078777-00079043 to those articles as bronze but in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00235-00079044-00079430 general it is perhaps water that is if
xwwx5YMf3gY-00236-00079431-00079679 all things which can be melted are water
xwwx5YMf3gY-00237-00079680-00080033 and the form or essence ie the end of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00238-00080034-00080462 the process of generation indeed from
xwwx5YMf3gY-00239-00080463-00080897 this sense of nature by an extension of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00240-00080898-00081185 meaning every essence in general is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00241-00081186-00081563 called nature because the nature of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00242-00081564-00081929 anything as a kind of essence from what
xwwx5YMf3gY-00243-00081930-00082229 has been said then the primary and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00244-00082230-00082670 proper sense of nature is the essence of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00245-00082671-00082874 those things which contain in themselves
xwwx5YMf3gY-00246-00082875-00083183 as such a source of motion for the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00247-00083184-00083582 matter is called nature because it is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00248-00083583-00083873 capable of receiving the nature and the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00249-00083874-00084158 processes of generation and growth are
xwwx5YMf3gY-00250-00084159-00084560 called nature because they are emotions
xwwx5YMf3gY-00251-00084561-00084911 derived from it and nature in this sense
xwwx5YMf3gY-00252-00084912-00085142 as the source of motion in that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00253-00085143-00085457 chiral objects which is somehow inherent
xwwx5YMf3gY-00254-00085458-00085919 in them either potentially or actually
xwwx5YMf3gY-00255-00085920-00086225 it has been argued as will be explained
xwwx5YMf3gY-00256-00086226-00086463 below that this type of theory
xwwx5YMf3gY-00257-00086464-00086774 represented an oversimplifying diversion
xwwx5YMf3gY-00258-00086775-00086992 from the debates within classical
xwwx5YMf3gY-00259-00086993-00087359 philosophy possibly even that Aristotle
xwwx5YMf3gY-00260-00087360-00087682 saw it as a simplification or summary of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00261-00087683-00088097 the debates himself but in any case the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00262-00088098-00088343 theory of the four causes became a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00263-00088344-00088675 standard part of any advanced education
xwwx5YMf3gY-00264-00088676-00088936 in the Middle Ages
xwwx5YMf3gY-00265-00088937-00089375 you
xwwx5YMf3gY-00266-00089376-00089786 topic modern science and laws of nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00267-00089787-00090461 trying to avoid metaphysics
xwwx5YMf3gY-00268-00090462-00090839 in contrast modern science took its
xwwx5YMf3gY-00269-00090840-00091136 distinctive turn with Francis Bacon who
xwwx5YMf3gY-00270-00091137-00091439 rejected the four distinct causes and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00271-00091440-00091838 saw Aristotle as someone who did proceed
xwwx5YMf3gY-00272-00091839-00092116 in such a spirit of difference and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00273-00092117-00092434 contradiction towards all antiquity
xwwx5YMf3gY-00274-00092435-00092750 undertaking not only to frame new words
xwwx5YMf3gY-00275-00092751-00093077 of science at pleasure but to confound
xwwx5YMf3gY-00276-00093078-00093566 and extinguish all ancient wisdom he
xwwx5YMf3gY-00277-00093567-00093767 felt that lesser known Greek
xwwx5YMf3gY-00278-00093768-00094148 philosophers such as Democritus who did
xwwx5YMf3gY-00279-00094149-00094439 not suppose a mind or reason in the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00280-00094440-00094702 frame of things
xwwx5YMf3gY-00281-00094703-00094951 have been arrogantly dismissed because
xwwx5YMf3gY-00282-00094952-00095206 of aristotelian ISM leading to a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00283-00095207-00095530 situation in his time where in the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00284-00095531-00095824 search of the physical causes have been
xwwx5YMf3gY-00285-00095825-00096346 neglected and passed in silence and so
xwwx5YMf3gY-00286-00096347-00096673 bacon advised
xwwx5YMf3gY-00287-00096674-00096996 physik death make inquiry and take
xwwx5YMf3gY-00288-00096997-00097255 consideration of the same natures
xwwx5YMf3gY-00289-00097256-00097642 but how only as to the material and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00290-00097643-00097951 efficient causes of them and not as to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00291-00097952-00098338 the forms for example if the cause of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00292-00098339-00098686 whiteness in snow or froth be inquired
xwwx5YMf3gY-00293-00098687-00098992 and it be rendered thus that the subtle
xwwx5YMf3gY-00294-00098993-00099250 inter mixture of air and water as the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00295-00099251-00099502 cause it is well rendered but
xwwx5YMf3gY-00296-00099503-00099766 nevertheless is this the form of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00297-00099767-00100180 whiteness no but it is the efficient
xwwx5YMf3gY-00298-00100181-00100618 which is ever but vehicule inform I this
xwwx5YMf3gY-00299-00100619-00100972 part of metaphysic I do not find labored
xwwx5YMf3gY-00300-00100973-00101267 and performed
xwwx5YMf3gY-00301-00101268-00101599 in his Novum organum bacon argued that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00302-00101600-00101854 the only forms are nature's we should
xwwx5YMf3gY-00303-00101855-00102313 hypothesize are the simple as opposed to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00304-00102314-00102604 compound ones such as the ways in which
xwwx5YMf3gY-00305-00102605-00103135 heat movement etc work for example in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00306-00103136-00103843 aphorism 51 he writes 51 the human
xwwx5YMf3gY-00307-00103844-00104191 understanding is by its own nature prone
xwwx5YMf3gY-00308-00104192-00104488 to abstraction and supposes that which
xwwx5YMf3gY-00309-00104489-00104882 is fluctuating to be fixed but it is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00310-00104883-00105158 better to dissect an abstract nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00311-00105158-00105436 such was the method employed by the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00312-00105438-00105751 school of Democritus which made greater
xwwx5YMf3gY-00313-00105752-00106054 progress in penetrating nature than the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00314-00106055-00106513 rest it is best to consider matter its
xwwx5YMf3gY-00315-00106514-00106783 conformation and the changes of that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00316-00106783-00107101 conformation its own action and the law
xwwx5YMf3gY-00317-00107102-00107413 of this action or motion for forms are a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00318-00107414-00107701 mere fiction of the human mind unless
xwwx5YMf3gY-00319-00107702-00107963 you will call the laws of action by that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00320-00107964-00108133 name
xwwx5YMf3gY-00321-00108133-00108508 following Bacon's advice the scientific
xwwx5YMf3gY-00322-00108509-00108766 search for the formal cause of things is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00323-00108767-00109121 now replaced by the search for laws of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00324-00109122-00109631 nature or laws of physics in all
xwwx5YMf3gY-00325-00109632-00110008 scientific thinking to use Aristotle's
xwwx5YMf3gY-00326-00110009-00110239 well-known terminology these are
xwwx5YMf3gY-00327-00110240-00110533 descriptions of efficient cause and not
xwwx5YMf3gY-00328-00110534-00110951 formal cause or final cause it means
xwwx5YMf3gY-00329-00110952-00111308 modern science limits its hypothesizing
xwwx5YMf3gY-00330-00111308-00111538 about non-physical things to the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00331-00111539-00111708 assumption that there are irregularities
xwwx5YMf3gY-00332-00111709-00112015 to the ways of all things which do not
xwwx5YMf3gY-00333-00112016-00112226 change
xwwx5YMf3gY-00334-00112227-00112526 these general laws in other words
xwwx5YMf3gY-00335-00112527-00113048 replace thinking about specific laws for
xwwx5YMf3gY-00336-00113049-00113541 example human nature in modern science
xwwx5YMf3gY-00337-00113542-00113879 human nature as part of the same general
xwwx5YMf3gY-00338-00113880-00114191 scheme of cause and effect obeying the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00339-00114192-00114561 same general laws as all other things
xwwx5YMf3gY-00340-00114563-00114877 the above-mentioned difference between
xwwx5YMf3gY-00341-00114878-00115172 accidental and substantial properties
xwwx5YMf3gY-00342-00115173-00115496 and indeed knowledge and opinion also
xwwx5YMf3gY-00343-00115497-00115718 disappear within this new approach that
xwwx5YMf3gY-00344-00115719-00116240 aimed to avoid metaphysics as bacon knew
xwwx5YMf3gY-00345-00116241-00116729 the term laws of nature was one taken
xwwx5YMf3gY-00346-00116730-00117074 from medieval Aristotelian ism st.
xwwx5YMf3gY-00347-00117075-00117413 Thomas of Aquinas for example defines
xwwx5YMf3gY-00348-00117414-00117716 law so that nature really was legislated
xwwx5YMf3gY-00349-00117717-00118019 to consciously achieve aims like human
xwwx5YMf3gY-00350-00118020-00118322 law an ordinance of reason for the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00351-00118323-00118676 common good made by him who has care of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00352-00118677-00119089 the community and promulgated in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00353-00119090-00119474 contrast roughly contemporary with bacon
xwwx5YMf3gY-00354-00119475-00119807 Hugo Grotius described the law of nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00355-00119808-00120266 as a rule that can be deduced from fixed
xwwx5YMf3gY-00356-00120267-00120541 principles by a sure process of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00357-00120542-00121019 reasoning and later still Montesquieu
xwwx5YMf3gY-00358-00121020-00121298 was even further from the original legal
xwwx5YMf3gY-00359-00121299-00121691 metaphor describing laws vaguely as the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00360-00121692-00122003 necessary relations deriving from the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00361-00122004-00122438 nature of things one of the most
xwwx5YMf3gY-00362-00122439-00122690 important implementers of Bacon's
xwwx5YMf3gY-00363-00122691-00123034 proposal was Thomas Hobbes whose remarks
xwwx5YMf3gY-00364-00123035-00123323 concerning nature are particularly well
xwwx5YMf3gY-00365-00123324-00123773 known his most famous work Leviathan
xwwx5YMf3gY-00366-00123774-00124201 opens with the word nature and then
xwwx5YMf3gY-00367-00124202-00124520 parenthetically defines it as the art
xwwx5YMf3gY-00368-00124521-00124871 whereby God hath made and governs the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00369-00124872-00125327 world despite this pious description he
xwwx5YMf3gY-00370-00125328-00125606 follows a Baconian approach
xwwx5YMf3gY-00371-00125607-00125899 following his contemporary Descartes
xwwx5YMf3gY-00372-00125900-00126184 Hobbes describes life itself as
xwwx5YMf3gY-00373-00126185-00126463 mechanical caused in the same way as
xwwx5YMf3gY-00374-00126464-00126869 clockwork for seeing life as but a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00375-00126870-00127159 motion of limbs the beginning where of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00376-00127160-00127481 as in some principle part within why may
xwwx5YMf3gY-00377-00127482-00127813 we not say that all automata engines
xwwx5YMf3gY-00378-00127814-00128057 that move themselves by Springs and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00379-00128058-00128284 Wheeless as did the watch have an
xwwx5YMf3gY-00380-00128285-00128773 artificial life on this basis already
xwwx5YMf3gY-00381-00128774-00129073 being established in natural science in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00382-00129074-00129172 his lifetime
xwwx5YMf3gY-00383-00129173-00129475 Hobbes sought to discuss politics and
xwwx5YMf3gY-00384-00129476-00129864 human life in terms of laws of nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00385-00129865-00130210 but in the new modern approach of bacon
xwwx5YMf3gY-00386-00130211-00130489 and Hobbes and before the Machiavelli
xwwx5YMf3gY-00387-00130490-00130813 who however never closed his criticism
xwwx5YMf3gY-00388-00130814-00131104 of the Aristotelian approach in medieval
xwwx5YMf3gY-00389-00131105-00131582 terms like laws of nature such laws of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00390-00131583-00131851 nature are quite different to human laws
xwwx5YMf3gY-00391-00131852-00132175 they no longer imply any sense of better
xwwx5YMf3gY-00392-00132176-00132482 or worse but simply how things really
xwwx5YMf3gY-00393-00132483-00132778 are and when in reference to laws of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00394-00132779-00133033 human nature what sorts of human
xwwx5YMf3gY-00395-00133034-00133872 behavior can be most relied upon
xwwx5YMf3gY-00396-00133873-00134699 topic late modern nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00397-00134700-00135068 having disconnected the term Allah of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00398-00135069-00135364 nature from the original medieval
xwwx5YMf3gY-00399-00135365-00135686 metaphor of human made law the term
xwwx5YMf3gY-00400-00135687-00136151 Allah of nature is now used less than in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00401-00136152-00136615 early modern times to take the critical
xwwx5YMf3gY-00402-00136616-00136954 example of human nature as discussed in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00403-00136955-00137300 ethics and politics once early modern
xwwx5YMf3gY-00404-00137301-00137546 philosophers such as Hobbes had
xwwx5YMf3gY-00405-00137547-00137827 described human nature as whatever you
xwwx5YMf3gY-00406-00137828-00138079 could expect from a mechanism called a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00407-00138080-00138347 human the point of speaking of human
xwwx5YMf3gY-00408-00138348-00138658 nature became problematic in some
xwwx5YMf3gY-00409-00138659-00139116 contexts in the late 18th century
xwwx5YMf3gY-00410-00139117-00139414 Rousseau took a critical step in his
xwwx5YMf3gY-00411-00139415-00139709 second discourse reasoning that human
xwwx5YMf3gY-00412-00139710-00140024 nature as we know it rational and with
xwwx5YMf3gY-00413-00140025-00140351 language and so on is a result of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00414-00140352-00140660 historical accidents and the specific
xwwx5YMf3gY-00415-00140661-00141013 upbringing of an individual the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00416-00141014-00141241 consequences of this line of reasoning
xwwx5YMf3gY-00417-00141242-00141626 were to be enormous it was all about the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00418-00141627-00141952 question of nature in effect it was
xwwx5YMf3gY-00419-00141953-00142240 being claimed that human nature one of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00420-00142241-00142510 the most important types of nature in
xwwx5YMf3gY-00421-00142511-00142838 Aristotelian thinking did not exist as
xwwx5YMf3gY-00422-00142839-00143636 it had been understood to exist
xwwx5YMf3gY-00423-00143637-00144393 topic the survival of metaphysics
xwwx5YMf3gY-00424-00144394-00144729 the approach of modern science like the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00425-00144730-00144977 approach of Aristotelian ISM is
xwwx5YMf3gY-00426-00144978-00145314 apparently not universally accepted by
xwwx5YMf3gY-00427-00145315-00145581 all people who accept the concept of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00428-00145582-00145881 nature as a reality which we can pursue
xwwx5YMf3gY-00429-00145882-00146325 with reason bacon and other opponents of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00430-00146326-00146601 metaphysics claim that all attempts to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00431-00146602-00146874 go beyond nature are bound to fall into
xwwx5YMf3gY-00432-00146875-00147144 the same errors but Mehta physicians
xwwx5YMf3gY-00433-00147145-00147366 themselves see differences between
xwwx5YMf3gY-00434-00147367-00147843 different approaches Immanuel Kant for
xwwx5YMf3gY-00435-00147844-00148086 example expressed the need for a
xwwx5YMf3gY-00436-00148087-00148398 metaphysics in quite similar terms to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00437-00148399-00148676 Aristotle
xwwx5YMf3gY-00438-00148677-00148964 though we cannot know these objects as
xwwx5YMf3gY-00439-00148965-00149141 things in themselves
xwwx5YMf3gY-00440-00149142-00149438 we must yet be in a position at least to
xwwx5YMf3gY-00441-00149439-00149660 think them as things in themselves
xwwx5YMf3gY-00442-00149661-00149912 otherwise we should be landed in the
xwwx5YMf3gY-00443-00149913-00150119 absurd conclusion that there can be
xwwx5YMf3gY-00444-00150120-00150391 appearance without anything that appears
xwwx5YMf3gY-00445-00150392-00150914 as an Aristotelian ISM then kantianism
xwwx5YMf3gY-00446-00150915-00151211 claims that the human mind must itself
xwwx5YMf3gY-00447-00151212-00151466 have characteristics which are beyond
xwwx5YMf3gY-00448-00151467-00151906 nature metaphysical in some way
xwwx5YMf3gY-00449-00151907-00152222 specifically Kant argued that the human
xwwx5YMf3gY-00450-00152223-00152471 mind comes ready-made with a priori
xwwx5YMf3gY-00451-00152472-00152825 programming so to speak which allows it
xwwx5YMf3gY-00452-00152826-00153547 to make sense of nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00453-00153548-00153913 topic the study of nature without
xwwx5YMf3gY-00454-00153914-00154399 metaphysics
xwwx5YMf3gY-00455-00154400-00154684 authors from Nietzsche to Richard Rorty
xwwx5YMf3gY-00456-00154685-00154984 have claimed that science the study of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00457-00154985-00155256 nature can and should exist without
xwwx5YMf3gY-00458-00155257-00155650 metaphysics but this claim has always
xwwx5YMf3gY-00459-00155651-00156052 been controversial authors like bacon
xwwx5YMf3gY-00460-00156053-00156286 and Hume never denied that their use of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00461-00156287-00156766 the word nature implied metaphysics but
xwwx5YMf3gY-00462-00156767-00157045 tried to follow Machiavelli's approach
xwwx5YMf3gY-00463-00157046-00157336 of talking about what works instead of
xwwx5YMf3gY-00464-00157337-00157561 claiming to understand what seems
xwwx5YMf3gY-00465-00157562-00158326 impossible to understand
xwwx5YMf3gY-00466-00158327-00158943 topic see also
xwwx5YMf3gY-00467-00158944-00159486 a priori and a posteriori Aristotelian
xwwx5YMf3gY-00468-00159487-00160154 ISM causality empiricism
xwwx5YMf3gY-00469-00160155-00160716 human nature idealism
xwwx5YMf3gY-00470-00160717-00161139 metaphysical naturalism natural
xwwx5YMf3gY-00471-00161140-00161600 philosophy nature
xwwx5YMf3gY-00472-00161601-00162071 nature philosophy philosophical
xwwx5YMf3gY-00473-00162072-00163058 naturalism platonism reality truth
x_NLLAGjONu-00000-00000318-00000858 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00001-00000859-00001236 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00002-00001237-00001644 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00003-00001645-00002194 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00004-00002195-00002572 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00005-00002573-00002977 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00006-00002978-00003533 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00007-00003534-00003904 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00008-00003906-00004311 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00009-00004312-00004868 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00010-00004869-00005240 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00011-00005241-00005645 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00012-00005646-00006202 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00013-00006203-00006573 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00014-00006575-00006981 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00015-00006981-00007531 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00016-00007531-00007909 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00017-00007909-00008314 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00018-00008315-00008867 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00019-00008868-00009242 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00020-00009243-00009649 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00021-00009650-00010205 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00022-00010206-00010577 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00023-00010578-00010983 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00024-00010984-00011542 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00025-00011543-00011911 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00026-00011912-00012317 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00027-00012318-00012876 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00028-00012877-00013244 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00029-00013246-00013653 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00030-00013654-00014205 topic C also
x_NLLAGjONu-00031-00014206-00014580 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00032-00014581-00014986 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00033-00014987-00015538 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00034-00015538-00015916 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00035-00015916-00016322 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00036-00016324-00016879 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00037-00016880-00017251 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00038-00017252-00017657 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00039-00017658-00018212 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00040-00018213-00018584 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00041-00018585-00018991 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00042-00018992-00019548 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00043-00019549-00019917 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00044-00019918-00020323 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00045-00020324-00020876 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00046-00020877-00021254 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00047-00021255-00021660 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00048-00021661-00022210 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00049-00022211-00022588 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00050-00022589-00022994 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00051-00022995-00023549 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00052-00023550-00023921 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00053-00023922-00024328 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00054-00024329-00024883 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00055-00024884-00025255 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00056-00025256-00025661 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00057-00025662-00026220 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00058-00026220-00026589 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00059-00026589-00026997 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00060-00026998-00027549 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00061-00027550-00027924 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00062-00027925-00028330 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00063-00028331-00028883 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00064-00028883-00029258 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00065-00029258-00029665 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00066-00029666-00030220 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00067-00030222-00030593 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00068-00030594-00030998 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00069-00030999-00031557 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00070-00031558-00031929 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00071-00031930-00032333 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00072-00032335-00032892 topic C also
x_NLLAGjONu-00073-00032893-00033261 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00074-00033262-00033668 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00075-00033669-00034221 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00076-00034222-00034596 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00077-00034597-00035002 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00078-00035003-00035554 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00079-00035555-00035932 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00080-00035933-00036339 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00081-00036340-00036895 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00082-00036896-00037267 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00083-00037268-00037674 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00084-00037675-00038230 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00085-00038231-00038599 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00086-00038600-00039007 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00087-00039008-00039562 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00088-00039563-00039935 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00089-00039936-00040339 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00090-00040340-00040892 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00091-00040893-00041270 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00092-00041271-00041676 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00093-00041677-00042226 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00094-00042227-00042601 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00095-00042602-00043010 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00096-00043011-00043565 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00097-00043566-00043937 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00098-00043938-00044344 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00099-00044345-00044902 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00100-00044903-00045271 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00101-00045272-00045679 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00102-00045680-00046235 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00103-00046236-00046607 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00104-00046608-00047011 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00105-00047012-00047564 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00106-00047565-00047942 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00107-00047943-00048348 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00108-00048349-00048898 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00109-00048899-00049273 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00110-00049274-00049681 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00111-00049682-00050239 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00112-00050240-00050611 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00113-00050612-00051018 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00114-00051019-00051572 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00115-00051573-00051944 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00116-00051945-00052350 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00117-00052351-00052905 topic C also
x_NLLAGjONu-00118-00052907-00053278 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00119-00053279-00053684 notes
x_NLLAGjONu-00120-00053685-00054236 topic see also
x_NLLAGjONu-00121-00054237-00054613 list of Enochian angels equals equals
x_NLLAGjONu-00122-00054614-00054854 notes
xGiRYkUmx2u-00000-00001298-00002705 thank you
xGiRYkUmx2u-00001-00002706-00003543 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00003-00007686-00008229 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00004-00008230-00010258 [Music]
xGiRYkUmx2u-00005-00010259-00012005 [Music]
xGiRYkUmx2u-00006-00012006-00012396 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00008-00022070-00022688 thank you
xGiRYkUmx2u-00009-00022689-00023436 [Music]
xGiRYkUmx2u-00010-00023437-00023571 thank you
xGiRYkUmx2u-00011-00023572-00026140 [Music]
xGiRYkUmx2u-00012-00026141-00028189 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00014-00034544-00034905 thank you thank you
xGiRYkUmx2u-00016-00038216-00038781 thank you
xGiRYkUmx2u-00017-00038782-00039839 [Music]
xGiRYkUmx2u-00018-00039840-00041009 thank you
xGiRYkUmx2u-00019-00041010-00041352 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00021-00046097-00046295 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00023-00052932-00053126 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00025-00056982-00057408 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00026-00057409-00059551 [Music]
xGiRYkUmx2u-00028-00062641-00063428 thank you
xGiRYkUmx2u-00029-00063429-00065782 [Music]
xGiRYkUmx2u-00030-00065783-00065999 foreign
xGiRYkUmx2u-00032-00072733-00072864 thank you
xGiRYkUmx2u-00033-00072865-00073908 [Music]
xHcaJpGXItM-00000-00000008-00000739 [Music]
xHcaJpGXItM-00001-00000740-00001091 thank you
xHcaJpGXItM-00002-00001092-00001319 okay Armin Wright has a question he said
xHcaJpGXItM-00003-00001320-00001493 I have someone looking to buy a house
xHcaJpGXItM-00004-00001494-00001864 that I have title and Land Trust
xHcaJpGXItM-00005-00001866-00002081 the title company said they will make
xHcaJpGXItM-00006-00002082-00002255 out the check in the name of the land
xHcaJpGXItM-00007-00002256-00002537 trust my bank is saying my trustee has
xHcaJpGXItM-00008-00002538-00002765 to open up the bank account what is the
xHcaJpGXItM-00009-00002766-00002975 best way for me to solely control the
xHcaJpGXItM-00010-00002976-00003089 money
xHcaJpGXItM-00011-00003090-00003401 so Armin it's one of those things that
xHcaJpGXItM-00012-00003402-00003659 has drifted over time it used to be that
xHcaJpGXItM-00013-00003660-00003899 we could get the title company just by
xHcaJpGXItM-00014-00003900-00004115 showing them the trust and you could
xHcaJpGXItM-00015-00004116-00004336 show your name as the beneficiary that
xHcaJpGXItM-00016-00004337-00004559 they would make the check out to you and
xHcaJpGXItM-00017-00004560-00004811 that wouldn't be a problem but that's
xHcaJpGXItM-00018-00004812-00005111 become a problem now because of the uh
xHcaJpGXItM-00019-00005112-00005488 Patriot Act and know your customer rules
xHcaJpGXItM-00020-00005489-00005713 for the bank and all these other
xHcaJpGXItM-00021-00005714-00005986 distinctions it's made it more difficult
xHcaJpGXItM-00022-00005987-00006286 to get a check done that way now the
xHcaJpGXItM-00023-00006287-00006605 next option is to have the money wired
xHcaJpGXItM-00024-00006606-00006875 into an account and just have it simply
xHcaJpGXItM-00025-00006876-00007127 Wired from that closing right into an
xHcaJpGXItM-00026-00007128-00007481 account and that might work and I say it
xHcaJpGXItM-00027-00007481-00007631 might work because it's really going to
xHcaJpGXItM-00028-00007631-00007960 depend on that bank and what that bank
xHcaJpGXItM-00029-00007961-00008321 does and what they don't do so your
xHcaJpGXItM-00030-00008322-00008537 relationship with that bank is a
xHcaJpGXItM-00031-00008538-00008746 powerful thing and what you want to do
xHcaJpGXItM-00032-00008747-00008969 is have that discussion with them now
xHcaJpGXItM-00033-00008970-00009221 that's the third thing is if they do
xHcaJpGXItM-00034-00009222-00009419 make out a check in the name of the
xHcaJpGXItM-00035-00009420-00009623 trust in the trustee you want to talk to
xHcaJpGXItM-00036-00009624-00009946 your banker and say well this is I'm the
xHcaJpGXItM-00037-00009947-00010210 beneficiary of the trust and I can show
xHcaJpGXItM-00038-00010211-00010559 you my trust paperwork so would if I
xHcaJpGXItM-00039-00010560-00010763 bring in my trust paperwork and the
xHcaJpGXItM-00040-00010764-00010996 check will you deposit it into my
xHcaJpGXItM-00041-00010997-00011188 account and
xHcaJpGXItM-00042-00011189-00011423 we're we're talking about human beings
xHcaJpGXItM-00043-00011424-00011717 here and if that human being feels good
xHcaJpGXItM-00044-00011718-00011878 about you and your account and your
xHcaJpGXItM-00045-00011879-00012124 longevity with the company and they know
xHcaJpGXItM-00046-00012125-00012377 you they're likely to do something like
xHcaJpGXItM-00047-00012378-00012646 that if they don't know you and less
xHcaJpGXItM-00048-00012647-00012983 likely to do something like that so the
xHcaJpGXItM-00049-00012984-00013271 fourth option is to open a bank account
xHcaJpGXItM-00050-00013272-00013672 in that name is just simply have the uh
xHcaJpGXItM-00051-00013673-00013936 get get the paperwork many times it can
xHcaJpGXItM-00052-00013937-00014194 be done online and your trustee would
xHcaJpGXItM-00053-00014195-00014488 open the bank account you deposit that
xHcaJpGXItM-00054-00014490-00014716 check into that bank account and then
xHcaJpGXItM-00055-00014718-00015011 the you could be a signatory on that
xHcaJpGXItM-00056-00015012-00015197 bank account and you could move the
xHcaJpGXItM-00057-00015197-00015480 funds over into any account you want to
xHcaJpGXItM-00058-00015481-00015935 so that is an option as well if the
xHcaJpGXItM-00059-00015936-00016222 others don't work otherwise just open up
xHcaJpGXItM-00060-00016223-00016439 the bank account and process it through
xHcaJpGXItM-00061-00016440-00016763 that bank account
xHcaJpGXItM-00062-00016764-00016985 okay do you have anything to add to that
xHcaJpGXItM-00063-00016986-00017200 Cynthia I was just going to say
xHcaJpGXItM-00064-00017201-00017453 um I have been successful with my title
xHcaJpGXItM-00065-00017454-00017789 company and my bank uh actually very
xHcaJpGXItM-00066-00017790-00017999 simply saying uh through a letter of
xHcaJpGXItM-00067-00018000-00018172 direction to the title company or title
xHcaJpGXItM-00068-00018173-00018275 attorney
xHcaJpGXItM-00069-00018276-00018593 um that the trustee signs that says that
xHcaJpGXItM-00070-00018594-00018893 the money goes to C.A Schreiber as
xHcaJpGXItM-00071-00018894-00019043 trustee
xHcaJpGXItM-00072-00019044-00019211 and then it gets deposited into a bank
xHcaJpGXItM-00073-00019212-00019450 account where I'm the trustee okay so
xHcaJpGXItM-00074-00019451-00019775 use a letter of directions from the
xHcaJpGXItM-00075-00019776-00020075 trustee of the trust of the land trust
xHcaJpGXItM-00076-00020076-00020393 to direct them to deposit it to this
xHcaJpGXItM-00077-00020394-00020639 account whatever account it is actually
xHcaJpGXItM-00078-00020640-00020800 in that case I just have to make out a
xHcaJpGXItM-00079-00020801-00020993 check so that would work as well you
xHcaJpGXItM-00080-00020994-00021143 just have the check made out and said to
xHcaJpGXItM-00081-00021144-00021329 the land trust and made it out to myself
xHcaJpGXItM-00082-00021330-00021527 where I'm the trustee and then I can
xHcaJpGXItM-00083-00021528-00021664 deposit it wherever I have a bank
xHcaJpGXItM-00084-00021665-00021821 account where I'm the trustee so that
xHcaJpGXItM-00085-00021822-00021983 has worked for me as well
xHcaJpGXItM-00086-00021984-00022205 and Armand this is one of the reasons
xHcaJpGXItM-00087-00022206-00022541 that I always encourage you get with and
xHcaJpGXItM-00088-00022542-00022894 stick with one title company and you
xHcaJpGXItM-00089-00022895-00023117 have all closings whether you are buying
xHcaJpGXItM-00090-00023118-00023363 or whether you are selling all closings
xHcaJpGXItM-00091-00023364-00023633 go through that one portal when you
xHcaJpGXItM-00092-00023634-00023878 become an important customer to someone
xHcaJpGXItM-00093-00023879-00024130 then they'll do just about anything you
xHcaJpGXItM-00094-00024131-00024533 need them to do so so you know when once
xHcaJpGXItM-00095-00024534-00024694 they get to know you they're more
xHcaJpGXItM-00096-00024695-00024917 flexible with things like that
xHcaJpGXItM-00097-00024918-00025258 [Music]
xHcaJpGXItM-00098-00025259-00025476 foreign
xHcaJpGXItM-00099-00025477-00026081 [Music]
xIDY3r46a0o-00000-00000006-00000493 hello today yesterday in which today
xIDY3r46a0o-00001-00000494-00000850 there's an update video so as many of
xIDY3r46a0o-00002-00000851-00001268 you know ake a point of view my computer
xIDY3r46a0o-00003-00001269-00001544 and cannot handle recording it will lag
xIDY3r46a0o-00004-00001545-00001889 out and die not really it will just be a
xIDY3r46a0o-00005-00001889-00002059 crappy experience for the both of us
xIDY3r46a0o-00006-00002060-00002372 I bought a computer for $100 it's an
xIDY3r46a0o-00007-00002373-00002924 optical X 7 1070 10 with a i-5 through 3
xIDY3r46a0o-00008-00002925-00003211 4 70 and 60 megabytes of RAM the
xIDY3r46a0o-00009-00003213-00003413 specifications for the computer
xIDY3r46a0o-00010-00003414-00003728 determine my channel bio I don't exactly
xIDY3r46a0o-00011-00003729-00003950 know where to go to his channel so I've
xIDY3r46a0o-00012-00003951-00004145 created a second channel link in
xIDY3r46a0o-00013-00004146-00004450 description I will be updating there
xIDY3r46a0o-00014-00004451-00004835 will be uplink uploading there hopefully
xIDY3r46a0o-00015-00004836-00005126 weekly I don't know what stuck at once
xIDY3r46a0o-00016-00005127-00005534 they got me into computer the check this
xIDY3r46a0o-00017-00005535-00005699 channel right now will be used for stuff
xIDY3r46a0o-00018-00005700-00005845 like roblox codes and stuff there's
xIDY3r46a0o-00019-00005846-00006068 about me Popular's you know my other
xIDY3r46a0o-00020-00006069-00006302 channel will be shitpost or just stuff
xIDY3r46a0o-00021-00006303-00006773 that I record because why not like a
xIDY3r46a0o-00022-00006773-00006953 Peter still yet to arrive however I
xIDY3r46a0o-00023-00006954-00007153 won't be buying a snowball for $3 soon
xIDY3r46a0o-00024-00007154-00007217 Oh
xIDY3r46a0o-00025-00007218-00007520 so also as you have not noticed
xIDY3r46a0o-00026-00007520-00007764 I've never putting tags on my videos
xIDY3r46a0o-00027-00007765-00008063 that genius today I want my channel to
xIDY3r46a0o-00028-00008064-00008378 grow therefore I will put tags in my
xIDY3r46a0o-00029-00008379-00008606 videos from now on leave a comment below
xIDY3r46a0o-00030-00008607-00008878 tell me where like see me next also new
xIDY3r46a0o-00031-00008879-00009272 videos coming out tomorrow hopefully
xpeDFKcBUxI-00000-00001009-00001214 what's up guys welcome back to my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00001-00001215-00001709 channel it's your girl MJ today I'm
xpeDFKcBUxI-00002-00001710-00002051 going to do a gym shark haul this is my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00003-00002052-00002309 first time ever purchasing anything from
xpeDFKcBUxI-00004-00002310-00002579 gym shark and I got quite a bit of items
xpeDFKcBUxI-00005-00002580-00002817 so I just want to share my thoughts with
xpeDFKcBUxI-00006-00002818-00004241 you Google dance I always love their
xpeDFKcBUxI-00007-00004242-00004502 seamless shorts no seam in the front or
xpeDFKcBUxI-00008-00004503-00004895 the back so that is why I kind of caved
xpeDFKcBUxI-00009-00004896-00005161 in and bought a bunch of stuff which
xpeDFKcBUxI-00010-00005162-00005518 I'll be showing you guys today and
xpeDFKcBUxI-00011-00005519-00005809 you'll be seeing a lot of on my page
xpeDFKcBUxI-00012-00005810-00006350 Fitness page trained like MJ that's me
xpeDFKcBUxI-00013-00006351-00006734 MJ hey MJ trained like MJ what do you
xpeDFKcBUxI-00014-00006734-00007127 say I've got quite a few items alas we
xpeDFKcBUxI-00015-00007128-00007367 go started well first let's go over my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00016-00007368-00007417 sizes
xpeDFKcBUxI-00017-00007418-00007726 I am 511
xpeDFKcBUxI-00018-00007727-00008341 pretty tall high buck 50 55 that's a top
xpeDFKcBUxI-00019-00008342-00008635 I'm usually a small sometimes a medium
xpeDFKcBUxI-00020-00008636-00008845 but usually a small so I always buy
xpeDFKcBUxI-00021-00008846-00009202 small tops medium bottoms I like to be
xpeDFKcBUxI-00022-00009203-00009503 pretty secure when I'm working out I'm a
xpeDFKcBUxI-00023-00009504-00009642 34b
xpeDFKcBUxI-00024-00009643-00010102 see onigen bay I can't wink either I'm
xpeDFKcBUxI-00025-00010103-00010616 wearing the camel seamless sports bra
xpeDFKcBUxI-00026-00010617-00011323 lavender oh the way it fits back super
xpeDFKcBUxI-00027-00011324-00011424 cute design
xpeDFKcBUxI-00028-00011425-00011785 I think it's flattering I think it's
xpeDFKcBUxI-00029-00011786-00012539 feminine super pretty I love it
xpeDFKcBUxI-00030-00012540-00012789 nothing's hanging out I love the v-neck
xpeDFKcBUxI-00031-00012790-00013336 of it super supportive super cute this
xpeDFKcBUxI-00032-00013337-00013653 is the camo seamless sports bra lavender
xpeDFKcBUxI-00033-00013654-00014057 gray big fan
xpeDFKcBUxI-00034-00014058-00014897 [Music]
xpeDFKcBUxI-00035-00014897-00015297 for the bottom we have a new flex shorts
xpeDFKcBUxI-00036-00015298-00016188 pebble pink size medium shorts
xpeDFKcBUxI-00037-00016190-00016600 absolutely love these love the seamless
xpeDFKcBUxI-00038-00016601-00017250 big fan of the seamless big fan of this
xpeDFKcBUxI-00039-00017251-00017639 flex I'll call it part kind of just
xpeDFKcBUxI-00040-00017640-00017971 keeps your bum up keeps the bomb looking
xpeDFKcBUxI-00041-00017972-00018462 peachy quite peachy
xpeDFKcBUxI-00042-00018463-00019210 [Music]
xpeDFKcBUxI-00043-00019211-00019553 catch me in style this summer working
xpeDFKcBUxI-00044-00019554-00020525 out so yeah on to the next next up we
xpeDFKcBUxI-00045-00020526-00020881 have the same bra camo seamless sports
xpeDFKcBUxI-00046-00020882-00021622 bra but this is the lilac color love I
xpeDFKcBUxI-00047-00021623-00022105 love the way it feels it's supportive
xpeDFKcBUxI-00048-00022106-00022444 it's feminine it's cute
xpeDFKcBUxI-00049-00022445-00023119 I'll be in the gym looking cute doesn't
xpeDFKcBUxI-00050-00023120-00023213 cut me weird
xpeDFKcBUxI-00051-00023214-00023897 [Music]
xpeDFKcBUxI-00052-00023898-00024290 I love this sports bra the camo seamless
xpeDFKcBUxI-00053-00024291-00024862 sports bra so cute lilac gray I'm sorry
xpeDFKcBUxI-00054-00024863-00025385 camo seamless sports bra lilac gray size
xpeDFKcBUxI-00055-00025386-00025675 small super cute
xpeDFKcBUxI-00056-00025676-00026089 big fan and for the shorts the new flex
xpeDFKcBUxI-00057-00026091-00026572 shirts these are the hydro teal charcoal
xpeDFKcBUxI-00058-00026573-00027317 size medium again love this this will
xpeDFKcBUxI-00059-00027318-00028057 support make some peachy nice and peachy
xpeDFKcBUxI-00060-00028058-00028239 so yeah
xpeDFKcBUxI-00061-00028241-00029331 loving this little combo
xpeDFKcBUxI-00062-00029332-00029927 yes work it
xpeDFKcBUxI-00063-00029929-00030258 show me what to break away girl jump me
xpeDFKcBUxI-00064-00030260-00030394 what you're working with
xpeDFKcBUxI-00065-00030395-00031243 all right next up BRB next on I have the
xpeDFKcBUxI-00066-00031244-00031914 vital seamless crop top hydro teal size
xpeDFKcBUxI-00067-00031916-00032025 small
xpeDFKcBUxI-00068-00032026-00032632 that's me pretty snug I can move though
xpeDFKcBUxI-00069-00032633-00033492 on it I got I do love long sleeves I
xpeDFKcBUxI-00070-00033493-00033871 hate being cold in the gym I hate being
xpeDFKcBUxI-00071-00033872-00034345 cold in general but yeah vital the
xpeDFKcBUxI-00072-00034346-00034882 seamless crop top hydro teal size small
xpeDFKcBUxI-00073-00034883-00035605 Oh also same shorts
xpeDFKcBUxI-00074-00035606-00036521 next up next same top the vital seamless
xpeDFKcBUxI-00075-00036522-00037085 crop top this one is the smoky gray it
xpeDFKcBUxI-00076-00037086-00037641 goes great
xpeDFKcBUxI-00077-00037642-00038501 well the fit love the fabric stretchy
xpeDFKcBUxI-00078-00038502-00038960 to my sports bra but this is the vital
xpeDFKcBUxI-00079-00038961-00041101 seamless crop top size small smokey gray
xpeDFKcBUxI-00080-00041102-00041537 [Music]
xpeDFKcBUxI-00081-00041538-00041921 at the gym
xpeDFKcBUxI-00082-00041922-00042433 what up how you doing working on my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00083-00042434-00043464 fitness okay anyway big fan ten out of
xpeDFKcBUxI-00084-00043465-00044283 ten
xpeDFKcBUxI-00085-00044284-00044837 next up next up is the training craft
xpeDFKcBUxI-00086-00044838-00045290 fest size small so it's pretty you know
xpeDFKcBUxI-00087-00045291-00045824 flexible does that hug it too tight
xpeDFKcBUxI-00088-00045825-00046140 color charcoal I love it
xpeDFKcBUxI-00089-00046141-00046545 that's you know it's simple but it'll
xpeDFKcBUxI-00090-00046546-00046809 show off my sweat no show I'm working
xpeDFKcBUxI-00091-00046810-00047097 hard and I'll show off the blades big
xpeDFKcBUxI-00092-00047098-00048481 Razorback fan so yeah same shorts
xpeDFKcBUxI-00093-00048482-00049939 I feel free sun's out guns I can all me
xpeDFKcBUxI-00094-00049940-00049946 II
xpeDFKcBUxI-00095-00049947-00051185 [Music]
xpeDFKcBUxI-00096-00051186-00051720 up next is a whole new oven
xpeDFKcBUxI-00097-00051721-00052085 all right we've got a whole new fit for
xpeDFKcBUxI-00098-00052086-00052529 you the top is the Geo hombre seamless
xpeDFKcBUxI-00099-00052529-00053003 sports bra Geo umbr a seamless sports
xpeDFKcBUxI-00100-00053004-00053435 bra teal tone is the color teal tone
xpeDFKcBUxI-00101-00053436-00053759 size small I love the back
xpeDFKcBUxI-00102-00053760-00054737 I love the design it is a small I was
xpeDFKcBUxI-00103-00054738-00054965 debating on returning it for a medium
xpeDFKcBUxI-00104-00054966-00055550 though I don't know I just feel like it
xpeDFKcBUxI-00105-00055551-00055888 cuts me weird I'm gonna kind of like
xpeDFKcBUxI-00106-00055889-00056279 push my boobs in the middle I kind of
xpeDFKcBUxI-00107-00056279-00056491 want it to go out further so I may
xpeDFKcBUxI-00108-00056492-00056794 return this these I have three I bought
xpeDFKcBUxI-00109-00056795-00057480 three of them and get mediums because I
xpeDFKcBUxI-00110-00057482-00057700 wish there was a little more coverage
xpeDFKcBUxI-00111-00057701-00057859 right here honestly
xpeDFKcBUxI-00112-00057860-00058407 so the Geo ombre seamless sports bra
xpeDFKcBUxI-00113-00058408-00058937 this is teal tones size small love the
xpeDFKcBUxI-00114-00058938-00059163 back so cute
xpeDFKcBUxI-00115-00059164-00059687 little tight on my shoulders - so I'm
xpeDFKcBUxI-00116-00059688-00060361 age high to exchange these four mediums
xpeDFKcBUxI-00117-00060362-00061104 for the bottom B's
xpeDFKcBUxI-00118-00061105-00061882 B's I will be living in they feel like
xpeDFKcBUxI-00119-00061883-00062423 butter and they go up you can like hike
xpeDFKcBUxI-00120-00062424-00062944 them up and stuff super not restricting
xpeDFKcBUxI-00121-00062945-00063473 super flexible so nice so comfy uh who
xpeDFKcBUxI-00122-00063474-00064190 is she what dance I'm gonna live in
xpeDFKcBUxI-00123-00064191-00064644 these bro I'm going to live in these
xpeDFKcBUxI-00124-00064645-00065512 seamless you got my vote
xpeDFKcBUxI-00125-00065513-00065911 these are the energy seamless shorts
xpeDFKcBUxI-00126-00065912-00066073 blue stone
xpeDFKcBUxI-00127-00066074-00067048 size medium blue stone teal tones blue
xpeDFKcBUxI-00128-00067049-00067765 stone teal tones blue stone but now
xpeDFKcBUxI-00129-00067766-00068068 these amazing I actually ordered these
xpeDFKcBUxI-00130-00068069-00068503 shorts and my first order and I knew I
xpeDFKcBUxI-00131-00068504-00068662 had to order more shorts which I will
xpeDFKcBUxI-00132-00068663-00068977 show you next which I'll also probably
xpeDFKcBUxI-00133-00068978-00070638 be living in but yes these babies
xpeDFKcBUxI-00134-00070639-00070843 do I just love when things are
xpeDFKcBUxI-00135-00070844-00071203 comfortable don't you just love when
xpeDFKcBUxI-00136-00071204-00071710 things just fit you like a glove up next
xpeDFKcBUxI-00137-00071711-00072169 all right I did want to come on here
xpeDFKcBUxI-00138-00072170-00072340 quick and show you the other two colors
xpeDFKcBUxI-00139-00072341-00072679 that I got in this geo ombre seamless
xpeDFKcBUxI-00140-00072680-00073153 sports bra this is black tones so the
xpeDFKcBUxI-00141-00073154-00073411 first one was teal tones this one's
xpeDFKcBUxI-00142-00073412-00073507 black tones
xpeDFKcBUxI-00143-00073508-00074110 I love the design I love the back I love
xpeDFKcBUxI-00144-00074111-00074539 the back Oh cute it unfortunately does
xpeDFKcBUxI-00145-00074540-00074773 cut me a little bit on my shoulder so my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00146-00074774-00075211 traps and I wish there's a little more
xpeDFKcBUxI-00147-00075212-00075511 coverage here so this is a size small
xpeDFKcBUxI-00148-00075512-00075871 and so I'm going to try and get a size
xpeDFKcBUxI-00149-00075872-00076522 medium for all the other colors love my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00150-00076523-00076945 butter shorts all right I'll try I'll
xpeDFKcBUxI-00151-00076946-00077338 show you my last color in this all right
xpeDFKcBUxI-00152-00077339-00077836 final color I ordered for the Geo ombre
xpeDFKcBUxI-00153-00077837-00078103 I'm sorry I said I missed the ombre last
xpeDFKcBUxI-00154-00078104-00078708 time the Geo ombre seamless sports bra
xpeDFKcBUxI-00155-00078709-00079363 size small this is rose tones I'm gonna
xpeDFKcBUxI-00156-00079364-00079699 have to get a medium love the design
xpeDFKcBUxI-00157-00079700-00080601 mole
xpeDFKcBUxI-00158-00080602-00081176 I'm coming for you mediums I'm coming
xpeDFKcBUxI-00159-00081177-00081956 for you next up all right next we have
xpeDFKcBUxI-00160-00081957-00082763 the XO crop top black sighs small love
xpeDFKcBUxI-00161-00082764-00083135 the material super silky it's got these
xpeDFKcBUxI-00162-00083136-00083535 grips on the hands so that's kind of
xpeDFKcBUxI-00163-00083536-00083636 nice
xpeDFKcBUxI-00164-00083637-00084107 good quality material that's really nice
xpeDFKcBUxI-00165-00084108-00084348 and I love this little cutout in the
xpeDFKcBUxI-00166-00084349-00084451 back
xpeDFKcBUxI-00167-00084452-00085266 well sexy show some skin [__] you love
xpeDFKcBUxI-00168-00085267-00086030 this this is the XO crap top size small
xpeDFKcBUxI-00169-00086031-00086642 black
xpeDFKcBUxI-00170-00086643-00086945 and down below we have the new flex
xpeDFKcBUxI-00171-00086946-00087586 cycling shorts love the logo on the back
xpeDFKcBUxI-00172-00087587-00087965 these are size mediums and they are
xpeDFKcBUxI-00173-00087966-00088385 black charcoal colored these will be my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00174-00088386-00089318 new grocery store shorts
xpeDFKcBUxI-00175-00089319-00089764 super comfy I'm gonna be living in these
xpeDFKcBUxI-00176-00089765-00090694 and I've got one more item free off
xpeDFKcBUxI-00177-00090695-00091609 flood these it like a gem that really do
xpeDFKcBUxI-00178-00091610-00091909 BRB
xpeDFKcBUxI-00179-00091910-00092864 and last but certainly not least the new
xpeDFKcBUxI-00180-00092865-00093799 flex cycling shorts size medium logo
xpeDFKcBUxI-00181-00093800-00094496 color khaki taupe tau PE taupe I think
xpeDFKcBUxI-00182-00094497-00094895 that's what it's called again so comfy
xpeDFKcBUxI-00183-00094896-00095528 I love being comfortable not only will I
xpeDFKcBUxI-00184-00095529-00095696 be working out in these but living in
xpeDFKcBUxI-00185-00095697-00095911 these I'll be grocery shopping in these
xpeDFKcBUxI-00186-00095912-00096521 Netflix Nene's quarantine these and
xpeDFKcBUxI-00187-00096522-00096797 other things in these thank you Jim
xpeDFKcBUxI-00188-00096798-00096998 shark for making a very comfortable
xpeDFKcBUxI-00189-00096999-00097735 brand you surely are an incredible brand
xpeDFKcBUxI-00190-00097736-00099143 I love you
xpeDFKcBUxI-00191-00099144-00099625 hi-yah hi-yah so yes I am very pleased
xpeDFKcBUxI-00192-00099626-00100022 with my gym shark orders super
xpeDFKcBUxI-00193-00100023-00100424 comfortable highly recommend as if it's
xpeDFKcBUxI-00194-00100425-00100801 not highly recommended already it's got
xpeDFKcBUxI-00195-00100802-00101326 my mark of approval if that means a
xpeDFKcBUxI-00196-00101327-00101690 thing to you well I hope you guys
xpeDFKcBUxI-00197-00101691-00102055 enjoyed my gym shark try on haul I had
xpeDFKcBUxI-00198-00102056-00102209 so much fun doing it for you guys I had
xpeDFKcBUxI-00199-00102210-00102353 so much fun ordering these beautiful
xpeDFKcBUxI-00200-00102354-00102599 products if you guys liked this video
xpeDFKcBUxI-00201-00102600-00102974 give it a thumbs up and subscribe to my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00202-00102975-00103659 channel and you can follow me on
xpeDFKcBUxI-00203-00103660-00104246 Instagram hey it's MJ train like MJ my
xpeDFKcBUxI-00204-00104247-00104927 workout punch I'll see you next time
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00000-00000090-00000238 hello
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00001-00000239-00000551 it's a rather Frosty start
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00002-00000552-00001085 to mb12 2022
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00003-00001086-00001373 Saturday the 19th of November
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00004-00001374-00001660 it's about 4 30.
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00005-00001661-00001871 and
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00006-00001872-00002110 there is a clear sky I don't know if you
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00007-00002111-00002423 can see Orion but it's there
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00008-00002424-00002602 anyway
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00009-00002603-00002897 back to Monmouth and overnighter a
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00010-00002898-00003238 comparison eggs willing between a
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00011-00003239-00003431 weatherspoon's full English
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00012-00003432-00003779 and a premier in full English
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00013-00003779-00003919 yeah
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00014-00003920-00004193 that's what I'm doing amongst other
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00015-00004194-00004391 things
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00016-00004392-00004559 see you Monmouth
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00017-00004560-00004897 Prost dwelling
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00018-00004898-00005291 so Premier Inn Mana the tunnels are just
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00019-00005292-00005477 over there
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00020-00005478-00005770 it is Frosty here
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00021-00005771-00006370 and um well here I am
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00022-00006371-00006484 thank you
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00023-00006486-00006712 yeah
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00024-00006713-00006905 [Applause]
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00025-00006906-00007060 car park
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00026-00007061-00007313 pretty full
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00027-00007314-00007595 anyway so I need to go over that way
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00028-00007595-00008170 head for Spoons
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00029-00008172-00008280 spoons
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00030-00008281-00008435 [Applause]
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00031-00008436-00009113 and that's the hotel bit
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00032-00009114-00009539 post luxury festive mince pie
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00033-00009540-00009863 CE in operation I I'm toast
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00034-00009864-00010145 and lots of coffee
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00035-00010146-00010523 going well
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00036-00010524-00010885 fortunately the Below Zero from Oakham
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00037-00010886-00011303 has finished they drunk it all so this
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00038-00011304-00011674 is the Dasha the Flasher yeah from
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00039-00011675-00011951 Milestone Brewing 4.5 alcohol by volume
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00040-00011952-00012196 and in the good old days the pump clip
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00041-00012197-00012587 would have had a flushing lead in it
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00042-00012588-00012965 phenomenal anyway it came with a huge
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00043-00012966-00013183 head
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00044-00013184-00013555 it looks nice and dark and creamy
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00045-00013556-00013943 and the sun is in my eyes
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00046-00013944-00015388 finish
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00047-00015390-00015694 B plus
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00048-00015695-00015877 yeah
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00049-00015878-00016144 I don't I don't want to say sessionail
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00050-00016145-00016325 but festive session here
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00051-00016326-00016583 [Music]
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00052-00016584-00016936 soap goes back to the bar
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00053-00016937-00017380 two pumps of below zero are on it's a
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00054-00017381-00017549 bit of a Swiss because only one of them
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00055-00017550-00017819 has got a cask underneath it but it
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00056-00017820-00018107 makes it look like they go full
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00057-00018108-00018479 full set of pumps anyway
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00058-00018480-00019091 corn is one top this should be clear
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00059-00019092-00019300 um it's not
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00060-00019301-00019535 may need to have settled a little bit
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00061-00019536-00019757 more or they've changed the recipe I
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00062-00019758-00020117 don't know I've tried it it's fine
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00063-00020118-00020417 um so this is below zero Oak meals 4.1
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00064-00020418-00020819 percent it says Pioneer and grapefruit
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00065-00020820-00021130 tea it is pioneering grapefruiting and I
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00066-00021131-00021587 like that sort of thing and it's cold
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00067-00021588-00022036 [Music]
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00068-00022037-00022264 yeah
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00069-00022265-00022571 I'm gonna give it three plus and a
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00070-00022572-00022841 little bit
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00071-00022842-00023158 no and a bit
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00072-00023159-00023314 because I'm getting the grapefruit on
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00073-00023315-00023464 the pine and the bitter on the finish
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00074-00023465-00023715 and it's nice
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00075-00023716-00024685 [Music]
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00076-00024686-00025342 through here
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00077-00025343-00025486 the old box
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00078-00025487-00026401 yeah anyways
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00079-00026402-00027341 [Music]
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00080-00027342-00028301 [Music]
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00081-00028302-00028487 that's all you can do
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00082-00028488-00028793 modules
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00083-00028794-00028930 clumsy
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00084-00028931-00029099 [Music]
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00085-00029100-00029458 let's see
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00086-00029460-00029807 old
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00087-00029808-00030112 ER
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00088-00030113-00030481 interested
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00089-00030482-00030745 it's great
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00090-00030745-00031290 it does slightly dryer
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00091-00031291-00031661 and it's a great fruity bitter finish
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00092-00031662-00031799 GPS
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00093-00031800-00032527 oh I hate to say that but it is
xO4UJ8Sgq08-00094-00032527-00032875 missing maybe Joe
xO9h7DXCxPk-00000-00000054-00000311 in particle physics prions are point
xO9h7DXCxPk-00001-00000312-00000524 particles conceived of a sub components
xO9h7DXCxPk-00002-00000525-00000782 of quarks and leptons the word was
xO9h7DXCxPk-00003-00000783-00000968 coined by Joe Kesh patti-anne Abdus
xO9h7DXCxPk-00004-00000969-00001319 Salam in 1974 interest in Prix and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00005-00001320-00001533 models peaked in the 1980s but has
xO9h7DXCxPk-00006-00001534-00001689 slowed as the standard model of particle
xO9h7DXCxPk-00007-00001689-00001917 physics continues to describe the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00008-00001918-00002115 physics mostly successfully and no
xO9h7DXCxPk-00009-00002116-00002346 direct experimental evidence for leptin
xO9h7DXCxPk-00010-00002347-00002763 and cork composite necedrol ik sector
xO9h7DXCxPk-00011-00002764-00002960 some effects are considered anomalies
xO9h7DXCxPk-00012-00002961-00003185 within the standard model for example
xO9h7DXCxPk-00013-00003186-00003497 the proton spin puzzle the EMC effect
xO9h7DXCxPk-00014-00003498-00003714 the distributions of electric charges
xO9h7DXCxPk-00015-00003715-00003879 inside the nucleons as found by
xO9h7DXCxPk-00016-00003879-00004221 Hofstadter in 1956 and the ad hoc ckm
xO9h7DXCxPk-00017-00004222-00004635 matrix elements when the term Prien was
xO9h7DXCxPk-00018-00004636-00004845 coined it was primarily to explain the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00019-00004846-00005094 two families of spin minus 1/2 fermions
xO9h7DXCxPk-00020-00005095-00005415 leptons and quarks more recent pre-and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00021-00005416-00005645 models also account for spin 1 bosons
xO9h7DXCxPk-00022-00005646-00005976 and are still called prions each of the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00023-00005977-00006195 Priyan model's postulates a set of fewer
xO9h7DXCxPk-00024-00006196-00006386 fundamental particles than those of the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00025-00006387-00006569 standard model together with the rules
xO9h7DXCxPk-00026-00006570-00006728 governing how those fundamental
xO9h7DXCxPk-00027-00006729-00007010 particles combine and interact based on
xO9h7DXCxPk-00028-00007011-00007212 these rules the pre and models tried to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00029-00007213-00007373 explain the standard model often
xO9h7DXCxPk-00030-00007374-00007587 predicting small discrepancies with this
xO9h7DXCxPk-00031-00007588-00007796 model and generating new particles and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00032-00007797-00007980 certain phenomena which do not belong to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00033-00007981-00008583 the standard model
xO9h7DXCxPk-00034-00008584-00009167 topic goals of Prix and models
xO9h7DXCxPk-00035-00009168-00009389 Prien research is motivated by the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00036-00009390-00009698 desire to reduce the large number of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00037-00009699-00009888 particles many that differ only in
xO9h7DXCxPk-00038-00009889-00010077 charge to a smaller number of more
xO9h7DXCxPk-00039-00010078-00010362 fundamental particles for example the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00040-00010363-00010584 electron and positron are identical
xO9h7DXCxPk-00041-00010585-00010796 except for charge and Priyan research is
xO9h7DXCxPk-00042-00010797-00011009 motivated by explaining that electrons
xO9h7DXCxPk-00043-00011010-00011219 and positrons are composed of similar
xO9h7DXCxPk-00044-00011220-00011378 prions with the relevant difference
xO9h7DXCxPk-00045-00011379-00011616 accounting for charge the hope is to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00046-00011617-00011834 reproduce the reductionist strategy that
xO9h7DXCxPk-00047-00011835-00012014 has worked for the periodic table of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00048-00012015-00012324 elements explain the three generations
xO9h7DXCxPk-00049-00012325-00012651 of fermions calculate parameters that
xO9h7DXCxPk-00050-00012652-00012800 are currently unexplained by the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00051-00012801-00013016 standard model such as particle masses
xO9h7DXCxPk-00052-00013017-00013278 electric charges and color charges and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00053-00013279-00013491 reduce the number of experimental input
xO9h7DXCxPk-00054-00013491-00013658 parameters required by the standard
xO9h7DXCxPk-00055-00013659-00013983 model provide reasons for the very large
xO9h7DXCxPk-00056-00013984-00014213 differences in energy masses observed in
xO9h7DXCxPk-00057-00014215-00014433 supposedly fundamental particles from
xO9h7DXCxPk-00058-00014434-00014680 the electron neutrino to the top quark
xO9h7DXCxPk-00059-00014681-00014958 provide alternative explanations for the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00060-00014959-00015153 electroweak symmetry breaking without
xO9h7DXCxPk-00061-00015154-00015347 invoking a Higgs field which in turn
xO9h7DXCxPk-00062-00015348-00015540 possibly needs a supersymmetry to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00063-00015541-00015696 correct the theoretical problems
xO9h7DXCxPk-00064-00015697-00015872 involved with the Higgs field
xO9h7DXCxPk-00065-00015872-00016137 supersymmetry itself has theoretical
xO9h7DXCxPk-00066-00016138-00016406 problems account for neutrino
xO9h7DXCxPk-00067-00016407-00016683 oscillation and mass make new
xO9h7DXCxPk-00068-00016684-00016890 non-trivial predictions such as cold
xO9h7DXCxPk-00069-00016891-00017228 dark matter candidates explain why there
xO9h7DXCxPk-00070-00017229-00017427 exists only the observed variety of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00071-00017428-00017646 particle species reproduce only these
xO9h7DXCxPk-00072-00017647-00017865 observed particles since the prediction
xO9h7DXCxPk-00073-00017866-00018069 of non observed particles as one of the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00074-00018070-00018272 major theoretical problems as for
xO9h7DXCxPk-00075-00018273-00018929 example with supersymmetry
xO9h7DXCxPk-00076-00018930-00019444 topic background
xO9h7DXCxPk-00077-00019445-00019694 before the standard model sm was
xO9h7DXCxPk-00078-00019695-00019961 developed in the 1970s the key elements
xO9h7DXCxPk-00079-00019962-00020144 of the standard model known as quarks
xO9h7DXCxPk-00080-00020145-00020333 were proposed by Murray gell-mann and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00081-00020334-00020644 George spike in 1964 physicists observed
xO9h7DXCxPk-00082-00020645-00020819 hundreds of different kinds of particles
xO9h7DXCxPk-00083-00020820-00021094 in particle accelerators these were
xO9h7DXCxPk-00084-00021095-00021286 organized into relationships on their
xO9h7DXCxPk-00085-00021287-00021517 physical properties in a largely ad-hoc
xO9h7DXCxPk-00086-00021518-00021725 system of hierarchies not entirely
xO9h7DXCxPk-00087-00021726-00021950 unlike the way taxonomy grouped animals
xO9h7DXCxPk-00088-00021951-00022199 based on their physical features not
xO9h7DXCxPk-00089-00022200-00022375 surprisingly the huge number of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00090-00022376-00022544 particles was referred to as the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00091-00022545-00022777 particles ooh
xO9h7DXCxPk-00092-00022778-00022987 the standard model which is now the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00093-00022988-00023175 prevailing model of particle physics
xO9h7DXCxPk-00094-00023176-00023419 dramatically simplified this picture by
xO9h7DXCxPk-00095-00023420-00023560 showing that most of the observed
xO9h7DXCxPk-00096-00023561-00023704 particles were massan's
xO9h7DXCxPk-00097-00023705-00023899 which are combinations of two quarks or
xO9h7DXCxPk-00098-00023900-00024118 baryons which are combinations of three
xO9h7DXCxPk-00099-00024119-00024346 quarks plus a handful of other particles
xO9h7DXCxPk-00100-00024347-00024598 the particles being seen in the ever
xO9h7DXCxPk-00101-00024599-00024766 more powerful accelerators were
xO9h7DXCxPk-00102-00024767-00024943 according to the theory typically
xO9h7DXCxPk-00103-00024944-00025114 nothing more than combinations of these
xO9h7DXCxPk-00104-00025115-00025649 quarks
xO9h7DXCxPk-00105-00025650-00026018 topic comparisons of quarks leptons and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00106-00026019-00026433 bosons
xO9h7DXCxPk-00107-00026435-00026623 within the standard model there are
xO9h7DXCxPk-00108-00026624-00026869 several classes of particles one of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00109-00026870-00027102 these the quarks has six types of which
xO9h7DXCxPk-00110-00027104-00027295 there are three varieties in each dubbed
xO9h7DXCxPk-00111-00027295-00027658 colors red green and blue giving rise to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00112-00027658-00027879 quantum chromodynamics
xO9h7DXCxPk-00113-00027880-00028069 additionally there are six different
xO9h7DXCxPk-00114-00028070-00028336 types of what are known as leptons of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00115-00028337-00028522 these six leptons there are three
xO9h7DXCxPk-00116-00028523-00028774 charged particles the electron muon and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00117-00028775-00029056 tau the neutrinos comprise the other
xO9h7DXCxPk-00118-00029057-00029269 three leptons and for each neutrino
xO9h7DXCxPk-00119-00029270-00029443 there is a corresponding member from the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00120-00029444-00029731 other set of three leptons in the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00121-00029732-00029938 standard model there are also bosons
xO9h7DXCxPk-00122-00029939-00030274 including the photons W plus W minus and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00123-00030275-00030552 Z bosons gluons and the Higgs boson and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00124-00030554-00030764 an open space left for the graviton
xO9h7DXCxPk-00125-00030766-00031026 almost all of these particles come in
xO9h7DXCxPk-00126-00031027-00031399 left-handed and right-handed versions
xO9h7DXCxPk-00127-00031400-00031732 see chirality the quarks leptons and W
xO9h7DXCxPk-00128-00031733-00031939 boson all have anti particles with
xO9h7DXCxPk-00129-00031939-00032549 opposite electric charge
xO9h7DXCxPk-00130-00032550-00032837 topic unresolved problems with the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00131-00032838-00033251 standard model
xO9h7DXCxPk-00132-00033252-00033493 the standard model also has a number of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00133-00033494-00033668 problems which have not been entirely
xO9h7DXCxPk-00134-00033669-00033968 solved in particular no successful
xO9h7DXCxPk-00135-00033969-00034157 theory of gravitation based on a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00136-00034158-00034368 particle theory has yet been proposed
xO9h7DXCxPk-00137-00034369-00034586 although the model assumes the existence
xO9h7DXCxPk-00138-00034587-00034849 of a graviton all attempts to produce a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00139-00034850-00035021 consistent theory based on them have
xO9h7DXCxPk-00140-00035022-00035333 failed Kalman observes that according to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00141-00035334-00035537 the concept of atomism fundamental
xO9h7DXCxPk-00142-00035538-00035677 building blocks of nature are
xO9h7DXCxPk-00143-00035678-00035837 indivisible bits of matter that are
xO9h7DXCxPk-00144-00035838-00036158 ungenerous truck table quarks are not
xO9h7DXCxPk-00145-00036159-00036349 truly indestructible since them can
xO9h7DXCxPk-00146-00036350-00036593 decay into other quarks thus on
xO9h7DXCxPk-00147-00036594-00036802 fundamental grounds quarks are not
xO9h7DXCxPk-00148-00036803-00036995 themselves fundamental building blocks
xO9h7DXCxPk-00149-00036996-00037142 but must be composed of other
xO9h7DXCxPk-00150-00037143-00037385 fundamental quantities prions
xO9h7DXCxPk-00151-00037386-00037598 although the mass of each successive
xO9h7DXCxPk-00152-00037599-00037793 particle follows certain patterns
xO9h7DXCxPk-00153-00037794-00037996 predictions of the rest mass of most
xO9h7DXCxPk-00154-00037997-00038180 particles cannot be made precisely
xO9h7DXCxPk-00155-00038181-00038387 except for the masses of almost all
xO9h7DXCxPk-00156-00038388-00038533 baryons which have been recently
xO9h7DXCxPk-00157-00038534-00038755 described very well by the model of de
xO9h7DXCxPk-00158-00038756-00038957 souza the standard model also has
xO9h7DXCxPk-00159-00038958-00039139 problems predicting the large-scale
xO9h7DXCxPk-00160-00039140-00039404 structure of the universe for instance
xO9h7DXCxPk-00161-00039405-00039632 the SM generally predicts equal amounts
xO9h7DXCxPk-00162-00039633-00039782 of matter and antimatter in the universe
xO9h7DXCxPk-00163-00039783-00040082 a number of attempts have been made to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00164-00040083-00040361 fix this through a variety of mechanisms
xO9h7DXCxPk-00165-00040362-00040558 but to date none have won widespread
xO9h7DXCxPk-00166-00040559-00040660 support
xO9h7DXCxPk-00167-00040661-00040952 likewise basic adaptations of the model
xO9h7DXCxPk-00168-00040953-00041140 suggest the presence of proton decay
xO9h7DXCxPk-00169-00041141-00041798 which has not yet been observed
xO9h7DXCxPk-00170-00041799-00042402 topic motivation for Prien models
xO9h7DXCxPk-00171-00042403-00042669 Prien theory is motivated by a desire to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00172-00042670-00042837 replicate the achievements of the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00173-00042838-00043014 periodic table which reduced the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00174-00043015-00043200 elements to three building blocks and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00175-00043201-00043395 the later standard model which tamed the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00176-00043396-00043644 particles ooh by finding more
xO9h7DXCxPk-00177-00043645-00043815 fundamental answers to the huge number
xO9h7DXCxPk-00178-00043816-00044043 of arbitrary constants present in the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00179-00044044-00044310 standard model there are several models
xO9h7DXCxPk-00180-00044311-00044520 forward in an attempt to provide a more
xO9h7DXCxPk-00181-00044521-00044730 fundamental explanation of the results
xO9h7DXCxPk-00182-00044731-00044961 in experimental and theoretical particle
xO9h7DXCxPk-00183-00044962-00045242 physics using names such as pardon or
xO9h7DXCxPk-00184-00045243-00045579 pre in for their basic particles the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00185-00045580-00045780 particular Prien model discussed below
xO9h7DXCxPk-00186-00045781-00045984 has attracted comparatively little
xO9h7DXCxPk-00187-00045985-00046152 interest to date among the particle
xO9h7DXCxPk-00188-00046153-00046335 physics community in part because no
xO9h7DXCxPk-00189-00046336-00046533 evidence has been obtained so far in
xO9h7DXCxPk-00190-00046534-00046710 Collider experiments to show that the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00191-00046711-00046878 fermions of the standard model are
xO9h7DXCxPk-00192-00046879-00047411 composite
xO9h7DXCxPk-00193-00047412-00047899 topic attempts
xO9h7DXCxPk-00194-00047900-00048136 a number of physicists have attempted to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00195-00048137-00048427 develop a theory of pre quarks from
xO9h7DXCxPk-00196-00048428-00048604 which the name Priyan derives in an
xO9h7DXCxPk-00197-00048605-00048808 effort to justify theoretically the many
xO9h7DXCxPk-00198-00048809-00048976 parts of the standard model that are
xO9h7DXCxPk-00199-00048977-00049143 known only through experimental data
xO9h7DXCxPk-00200-00049144-00049385 other names which have been used for
xO9h7DXCxPk-00201-00049386-00049601 these proposed fundamental particles or
xO9h7DXCxPk-00202-00049602-00049804 particles intermediate between the most
xO9h7DXCxPk-00203-00049805-00050008 fundamental particles and those observed
xO9h7DXCxPk-00204-00050009-00050233 in the standard model include pre quarks
xO9h7DXCxPk-00205-00050234-00050536 sub quarks May owns Alphonse clinks
xO9h7DXCxPk-00206-00050537-00050818 missions Tweel's Helens haplin's
xO9h7DXCxPk-00207-00050819-00051136 Y particles and prime ins pre and as the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00208-00051137-00051351 leading name in the physics community
xO9h7DXCxPk-00209-00051352-00051607 efforts to develop a substructure date
xO9h7DXCxPk-00210-00051608-00051880 at least as far back as 1974 with a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00211-00051881-00052108 paper by Patty and Salam in Physical
xO9h7DXCxPk-00212-00052109-00052468 Review other attempts include a 1977
xO9h7DXCxPk-00213-00052469-00052738 paper by terasawa Chickasha Jana ,
xO9h7DXCxPk-00214-00052739-00053078 similar but independent 1979 papers by
xO9h7DXCxPk-00215-00053079-00053411 Neyman Ferrari and Shupe a 1981 paper by
xO9h7DXCxPk-00216-00053412-00053699 Fritch and Mandelbaum and a 1992 book by
xO9h7DXCxPk-00217-00053700-00053956 de Souza and Kalman none of these has
xO9h7DXCxPk-00218-00053957-00054130 gained wide acceptance in the physics
xO9h7DXCxPk-00219-00054131-00054391 world however in a recent work D'Souza
xO9h7DXCxPk-00220-00054392-00054584 has shown that his model describes well
xO9h7DXCxPk-00221-00054585-00054797 all weak decays of hadrons according to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00222-00054798-00055010 selection rules dictated by a quantum
xO9h7DXCxPk-00223-00055011-00055184 number derived from his composite 'no
xO9h7DXCxPk-00224-00055185-00055432 smaadahl in his model leptons or
xO9h7DXCxPk-00225-00055433-00055640 elementary particles and each cork is
xO9h7DXCxPk-00226-00055641-00055837 composed of two prime ends and thus all
xO9h7DXCxPk-00227-00055838-00056079 quarks are described by four prime ends
xO9h7DXCxPk-00228-00056080-00056287 therefore there is no need for the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00229-00056288-00056486 Standard Model Higgs boson and each
xO9h7DXCxPk-00230-00056487-00056644 quark mass has derived from the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00231-00056645-00056828 interaction between each pair of prime
xO9h7DXCxPk-00232-00056829-00057031 ends by means of three Higgs like bosons
xO9h7DXCxPk-00233-00057032-00057379 in his 1989 Nobel Prize acceptance
xO9h7DXCxPk-00234-00057380-00057631 lecture Hans de Mille described a most
xO9h7DXCxPk-00235-00057632-00057838 fundamental elementary particle with
xO9h7DXCxPk-00236-00057839-00058028 definable properties which he called the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00237-00058029-00058237 Cosman as the likely end result of a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00238-00058238-00058432 long that finite chain of increasingly
xO9h7DXCxPk-00239-00058433-00059061 more elementary particles
xO9h7DXCxPk-00240-00059062-00059595 topic Composite Higgs
xO9h7DXCxPk-00241-00059596-00059835 many Priyan models either do not account
xO9h7DXCxPk-00242-00059836-00060039 for the Higgs boson or rule it out and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00243-00060040-00060242 propose that electroweak symmetry is
xO9h7DXCxPk-00244-00060244-00060462 broken not by a scalar Higgs field but
xO9h7DXCxPk-00245-00060463-00060588 by composite prions
xO9h7DXCxPk-00246-00060589-00060879 for example Fredericksen Prien theory
xO9h7DXCxPk-00247-00060879-00061047 does not need the Higgs boson and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00248-00061048-00061257 explains the electroweak breaking as the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00249-00061258-00061446 rearrangement of prions rather than a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00250-00061447-00061704 Higgs mediated field in fact the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00251-00061704-00061875 Frederickson pre-and model and the de
xO9h7DXCxPk-00252-00061876-00062058 souza model predict that the Standard
xO9h7DXCxPk-00253-00062059-00062766 Model Higgs boson does not exist
xO9h7DXCxPk-00254-00062767-00063294 topic Rishon model
xO9h7DXCxPk-00255-00063295-00063525 the Rishon model erm is the earliest
xO9h7DXCxPk-00256-00063526-00063719 effort to develop a pre-and model to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00257-00063720-00063909 explain the phenomenon appearing in the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00258-00063910-00064244 standard model SM of particle physics it
xO9h7DXCxPk-00259-00064245-00064461 was first developed by Higham Harare and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00260-00064462-00064662 Michael a soup independently of each
xO9h7DXCxPk-00261-00064663-00064890 other and later expanded by Harare and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00262-00064891-00065085 his then student Nathan Seibert the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00263-00065086-00065247 model has two kinds of fundamental
xO9h7DXCxPk-00264-00065248-00065465 particles called richens which means
xO9h7DXCxPk-00265-00065466-00065940 primary in Hebrew they are T third since
xO9h7DXCxPk-00266-00065941-00066168 it has an electric charge of 130 or
xO9h7DXCxPk-00267-00066169-00066500 touhou' which means unformed in Hebrew
xO9h7DXCxPk-00268-00066501-00066818 Genesis and V vanishes since it is
xO9h7DXCxPk-00269-00066819-00067088 electrically neutral or veau who bow who
xO9h7DXCxPk-00270-00067089-00067382 means void in the Hebrew to knock the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00271-00067383-00067536 Old Testament the bow who may be
xO9h7DXCxPk-00272-00067537-00067749 pronounced as volu by modern Israelis
xO9h7DXCxPk-00273-00067750-00068073 when da B is preceded by a vowel and the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00274-00068074-00068286 slacks to gosh all leptons and all
xO9h7DXCxPk-00275-00068287-00068466 flavors of quarks are three rich and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00276-00068467-00068726 ordered triplets these groups of three
xO9h7DXCxPk-00277-00068727-00069021 Russians have spin minus one-half the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00278-00069022-00069204 Rishon model illustrates some of the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00279-00069205-00069468 typical efforts in the field many of the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00280-00069469-00069630 pre and models theorized that the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00281-00069631-00069798 apparent imbalance of matter and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00282-00069799-00069966 antimatter in the universe is in fact
xO9h7DXCxPk-00283-00069967-00070169 illusory with large quantities of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00284-00070170-00070382 pre-and level antimatter confined within
xO9h7DXCxPk-00285-00070383-00071034 more complex structures
xO9h7DXCxPk-00286-00071035-00071558 topic criticisms
xO9h7DXCxPk-00287-00071559-00071899 you
xO9h7DXCxPk-00288-00071900-00072420 topic the mass paradox
xO9h7DXCxPk-00289-00072421-00072718 one Prien model started as an internal
xO9h7DXCxPk-00290-00072719-00072886 paper at the collider detector at
xO9h7DXCxPk-00291-00072887-00073306 Fermilab CBF around 1994 the paper was
xO9h7DXCxPk-00292-00073307-00073465 written after an unexpected and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00293-00073466-00073645 inexplicable excessive jets with
xO9h7DXCxPk-00294-00073646-00073930 energies above 200 GeV were detected in
xO9h7DXCxPk-00295-00073931-00074323 the 1992-1993 running period however
xO9h7DXCxPk-00296-00074324-00074533 scattering experiments have shown that
xO9h7DXCxPk-00297-00074534-00074854 quarks and leptons are point-like down
xO9h7DXCxPk-00298-00074855-00075076 to distance scales of less than 10 minus
xO9h7DXCxPk-00299-00075077-00075298 18 meters or one one thousandth of a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00300-00075299-00075550 proton diameter the momentum uncertainty
xO9h7DXCxPk-00301-00075551-00075808 of the Prien of whatever mass confined
xO9h7DXCxPk-00302-00075809-00076135 to a box of this size as about 200 GeV C
xO9h7DXCxPk-00303-00076136-00076372 50,000 times larger than the rest mass
xO9h7DXCxPk-00304-00076373-00076633 of an up quark and 400,000 times larger
xO9h7DXCxPk-00305-00076634-00076869 than the rest mass of an electron
xO9h7DXCxPk-00306-00076870-00077044 Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
xO9h7DXCxPk-00307-00077045-00078082 states that Delta X Delta p1 to display
xO9h7DXCxPk-00308-00078083-00078370 style operat or name Delta X CDO t
xO9h7DXCxPk-00309-00078371-00078850 operat or name delta p g eq t frac 1/2
xO9h7DXCxPk-00310-00078851-00079231 HB AR and thus anything confined to a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00311-00079232-00079771 box smaller than Delta X display style
xO9h7DXCxPk-00312-00079772-00080065 operator named Delta X would have a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00313-00080066-00080254 momentum uncertainty proportionally
xO9h7DXCxPk-00314-00080255-00080524 greater thus the pre-and model proposed
xO9h7DXCxPk-00315-00080525-00080716 particles smaller than the elementary
xO9h7DXCxPk-00316-00080717-00080881 particles they make up since the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00317-00080882-00081400 momentum uncertainty Delta P display
xO9h7DXCxPk-00318-00081401-00081712 style operator named Delta P should be
xO9h7DXCxPk-00319-00081713-00082000 greater than the particles themselves so
xO9h7DXCxPk-00320-00082001-00082171 the pre-and model represents a mass
xO9h7DXCxPk-00321-00082172-00082258 paradox
xO9h7DXCxPk-00322-00082259-00082456 how could quarks or electrons be made of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00323-00082457-00082618 smaller particles that would have many
xO9h7DXCxPk-00324-00082619-00082795 orders of magnitude greater mass
xO9h7DXCxPk-00325-00082796-00082954 energies arising from their enormous
xO9h7DXCxPk-00326-00082955-00083251 momenta this paradox is resolved by
xO9h7DXCxPk-00327-00083252-00083452 postulating a large binding force
xO9h7DXCxPk-00328-00083453-00083644 between prions canceling their mass
xO9h7DXCxPk-00329-00083645-00084191 energies
xO9h7DXCxPk-00330-00084192-00084797 topic conflicts with observed physics
xO9h7DXCxPk-00331-00084798-00084989 pree and models propose additional
xO9h7DXCxPk-00332-00084990-00085262 unobserved forces or dynamics to account
xO9h7DXCxPk-00333-00085263-00085409 for the observed properties of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00334-00085410-00085589 elementary particles which may have
xO9h7DXCxPk-00335-00085590-00085742 implications in conflict with
xO9h7DXCxPk-00336-00085743-00086018 observation for example now that the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00337-00086019-00086276 LHC's observation of the Higgs boson is
xO9h7DXCxPk-00338-00086277-00086342 confirmed
xO9h7DXCxPk-00339-00086343-00086507 the observation contradicts the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00340-00086508-00086702 predictions of many Prien models that
xO9h7DXCxPk-00341-00086703-00086963 did not include it Prien theories
xO9h7DXCxPk-00342-00086964-00087179 require that quarks and leptons should
xO9h7DXCxPk-00343-00087180-00087455 have a finite size it is possible that
xO9h7DXCxPk-00344-00087456-00087647 the Large Hadron Collider will observe
xO9h7DXCxPk-00345-00087648-00088344 this when raised to higher energies
xO9h7DXCxPk-00346-00088345-00088927 topic in popular culture
xO9h7DXCxPk-00347-00088928-00089272 in the 1948 reprint edit of his 1930
xO9h7DXCxPk-00348-00089273-00089581 novel Skylark 3ee Smith postulated a
xO9h7DXCxPk-00349-00089582-00089797 series of sub electrons of the first and
xO9h7DXCxPk-00350-00089798-00089935 second type with the latter being
xO9h7DXCxPk-00351-00089936-00090091 fundamental particles that were
xO9h7DXCxPk-00352-00090092-00090291 associated with the gravitation force
xO9h7DXCxPk-00353-00090292-00090523 while this may not have been an element
xO9h7DXCxPk-00354-00090524-00090736 of the original novel the scientific
xO9h7DXCxPk-00355-00090737-00090928 basis of some of the other novels in the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00356-00090929-00091156 series was revised extensively due to
xO9h7DXCxPk-00357-00091157-00091294 the additional eighteen years of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00358-00091295-00091519 scientific development even the edited
xO9h7DXCxPk-00359-00091520-00091738 publication may be the first or one of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00360-00091739-00091939 the first mentions of the possibility
xO9h7DXCxPk-00361-00091940-00092125 that electrons are not fundamental
xO9h7DXCxPk-00362-00092126-00092335 particles in the novelized version of
xO9h7DXCxPk-00363-00092336-00092638 the 1982 motion picture star trek to the
xO9h7DXCxPk-00364-00092639-00092866 Wrath of Khan written by Vonda MacIntyre
xO9h7DXCxPk-00365-00092867-00093103 two of dr. Carol Marcus's Genesis
xO9h7DXCxPk-00366-00093104-00093190 project team
xO9h7DXCxPk-00367-00093191-00093385 Vance Madison and delwyn March have
xO9h7DXCxPk-00368-00093386-00093580 studied sub elementary particles they've
xO9h7DXCxPk-00369-00093581-00093895 named boo gems and snarks
xO9h7DXCxPk-00370-00093896-00094119 in a field they jokingly call
xO9h7DXCxPk-00371-00094120-00094411 kindergarten physics because it is lower
xO9h7DXCxPk-00372-00094412-00094774 than elementary analogy to school levels
xO9h7DXCxPk-00373-00094775-00095086 James P Hogan's 1982 novel voyage from
xO9h7DXCxPk-00374-00095087-00095275 yesteryear discussed prions called
xO9h7DXCxPk-00375-00095276-00095461 Tweedles the physics of which became
xO9h7DXCxPk-00376-00095462-00096070 central to the plot
xO9h7DXCxPk-00377-00096071-00096605 topic see also
xO9h7DXCxPk-00378-00096606-00097071 Technicolor physics pre-and star priam
xO9h7DXCxPk-00379-00097072-00097734 degenerate matter Rishon model
xO9h7DXCxPk-00380-00097735-00098218 topic notes
xO9h7DXCxPk-00381-00098219-00098368 you
xO9h7DXCxPk-00382-00098369-00098598 you
xO9h7DXCxPk-00383-00098599-00099127 topic further reading
xO9h7DXCxPk-00384-00099128-00099628 ball P 2007 splitting the cork Nature
xO9h7DXCxPk-00385-00099629-00099907 Boy ten point one zero three eight news
xO9h7DXCxPk-00386-00099908-00100147 point two zero zero seven point two nine
xO9h7DXCxPk-00387-00100148-00100516 two have we hit bottom yet an article
xO9h7DXCxPk-00388-00100517-00100888 about prions and my Newton Asst
xOPFann_ynA-00000-00000096-00000473 okay okay what happens if you are in a
xOPFann_ynA-00001-00000474-00000580 situation
xOPFann_ynA-00002-00000581-00000773 where
xOPFann_ynA-00003-00000774-00001115 you see this green tick right
xOPFann_ynA-00004-00001116-00001416 someone is dead
xOPFann_ynA-00005-00001417-00001643 someone is there
xOPFann_ynA-00006-00001644-00001830 are you wait
xOPFann_ynA-00007-00001832-00002159 no way
xOPFann_ynA-00008-00002160-00002434 oh my God pee your pants so you never
xOPFann_ynA-00009-00002435-00002795 you would never go shoulder to shoulder
xOPFann_ynA-00010-00002796-00003060 you would never go shoulder to shoulder
xOPFann_ynA-00011-00003061-00003325 oh my God
xOPFann_ynA-00012-00003326-00003551 except in emergencies
xOPFann_ynA-00013-00003552-00003719 do you go shoulder to shoulder in
xOPFann_ynA-00014-00003720-00004025 emergencies yes or no chat I need to see
xOPFann_ynA-00015-00004026-00004156 where we stand
xOPFann_ynA-00016-00004157-00004372 only there's someone behind you waiting
xOPFann_ynA-00017-00004373-00005081 in line no no
xOPFann_ynA-00018-00005082-00005483 you use the sink I only shoulder to
xOPFann_ynA-00019-00005484-00005675 shoulder if you are at a sports game
xOPFann_ynA-00020-00005676-00005956 wait what does that mean
xOPFann_ynA-00021-00005957-00006197 I find the toilet stole
xOPFann_ynA-00022-00006198-00006322 um would you want to sit shoulder to
xOPFann_ynA-00023-00006323-00006689 shoulder to school I mean like
xOPFann_ynA-00024-00006690-00006910 I I'm sorry that they're not invented
xOPFann_ynA-00025-00006911-00007078 the same for women as they are for men
xOPFann_ynA-00026-00007079-00007234 like
xOPFann_ynA-00027-00007236-00007445 you know what now that I think about it
xOPFann_ynA-00028-00007445-00007678 doesn't it kind of make sense for women
xOPFann_ynA-00029-00007679-00007859 to have urinals more than men because
xOPFann_ynA-00030-00007859-00008020 like we don't have to whip anything out
xOPFann_ynA-00031-00008022-00008170 like you don't have to see anything
xOPFann_ynA-00032-00008172-00008471 right but like
xOPFann_ynA-00033-00008472-00008746 with a man you have to whip out your
xOPFann_ynA-00034-00008747-00009010 your junk but with a woman you just sit
xOPFann_ynA-00035-00009011-00009407 down and you you don't see anything
xOPFann_ynA-00036-00009408-00009671 you can't aim though
xOPFann_ynA-00037-00009672-00010001 yeah true
xOPFann_ynA-00038-00010002-00010360 sat in a urinal before fun fact
xOPFann_ynA-00039-00010361-00010541 I have
xOPFann_ynA-00040-00010542-00011003 a sudden one why because I was drunk and
xOPFann_ynA-00041-00011004-00011164 I was at McDonald's and I went into the
xOPFann_ynA-00042-00011165-00011885 men's bathroom in sat on you
xOPFann_ynA-00043-00011886-00012005 gross
xOPFann_ynA-00044-00012006-00012487 I know girl I know
xOPFann_ynA-00045-00012488-00012749 look it was it was it was the next it
xOPFann_ynA-00046-00012750-00012916 was a new level of the blow for me okay
xOPFann_ynA-00047-00012917-00013273 I don't want to hear it
xP5zvDNoOjY-00000-00000712-00000919 you
xSA2wt5sLUU-00000-00000003-00000816 I just graduated as a drama therapist
xSA2wt5sLUU-00001-00000817-00001133 the waitressing at the moment helps me
xSA2wt5sLUU-00002-00001134-00001406 to take a step back and stand still in
xSA2wt5sLUU-00003-00001407-00001882 my path I love what the study gave me
xSA2wt5sLUU-00004-00001884-00002120 the things I learned about myself and
xSA2wt5sLUU-00005-00002121-00002381 about other people are very precious for
xSA2wt5sLUU-00006-00002382-00002558 me and I really want to give something
xSA2wt5sLUU-00007-00002559-00002842 back but I don't know in what way
xSA2wt5sLUU-00008-00002843-00003016 because there are so many ways that are
xSA2wt5sLUU-00009-00003017-00003538 possible I feel that it's easy to start
xSA2wt5sLUU-00010-00003539-00003902 a job and make a career make a life here
xSA2wt5sLUU-00011-00003903-00004106 but I really want to take a step back
xSA2wt5sLUU-00012-00004107-00004340 and broaden my focus again and see what
xSA2wt5sLUU-00013-00004341-00004597 more is out there for me and what else
xSA2wt5sLUU-00014-00004598-00005302 is in there in myself I am a drama
xSA2wt5sLUU-00015-00005303-00005645 therapist now but I don't know if that's
xSA2wt5sLUU-00016-00005646-00005927 the only thing I am
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00000-00000024-00000250 people from the Indian background would
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00001-00000252-00000443 know much about this I'm not going into
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00002-00000444-00000628 the historical aspects of this person
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00003-00000629-00000797 but
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00004-00000798-00001195 there was a king
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00005-00001196-00001471 you know
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00006-00001472-00001648 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00007-00001650-00002032 shivaji for the great king or an emperor
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00008-00002032-00002257 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00009-00002258-00002465 whose uh
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00010-00002466-00002779 you know
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00011-00002780-00003142 kind of acquired a tremendous amount of
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00012-00003143-00003443 respect for his administration for his
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00013-00003444-00003719 bravery for his courage and his strategy
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00014-00003720-00004019 of how he fought in those times
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00015-00004020-00004301 hugely respected especially people from
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00016-00004302-00004409 Maharashtra
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00017-00004410-00004709 so shivaji is relevant even today
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00018-00004710-00004877 because of the way he conducted his
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00019-00004878-00005056 administration
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00020-00005057-00005381 very evolved enlightened Administration
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00021-00005382-00005741 he did very little people know about his
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00022-00005742-00006017 administration generally they know only
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00023-00006018-00006227 about his battle strategies which are
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00024-00006228-00006484 admired and appreciated but the most
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00025-00006486-00006778 important thing was his administration
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00026-00006779-00007060 very evolved Administration he did for
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00027-00007061-00007306 his kingdom
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00028-00007308-00008333 so he had a guru whose name was ramdas
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00029-00008334-00008578 one day shivaji was standing in the
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00030-00008579-00008674 balcony
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00031-00008675-00009010 of his Palace
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00032-00009011-00009263 then he saw his Guru going from house to
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00033-00009264-00009599 house with a begging Bowl begging
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00034-00009600-00009863 then he thought what is my Guru doing
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00035-00009864-00010271 begging on the streets
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00036-00010272-00010624 I'm a king my Guru can't be begging on
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00037-00010625-00010836 the street he must be
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00038-00010837-00011051 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00039-00011052-00011399 then he called Balaji if he was his
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00040-00011400-00011524 assistant
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00041-00011525-00011824 wrote a chick and sent it please go and
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00042-00011825-00012101 place it at the guru's feet
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00043-00012102-00012328 so he went and placed this chitter the
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00044-00012329-00012455 guru's feet
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00045-00012456-00012706 so he picked it up and song
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00046-00012707-00013247 and RAM the smart
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00047-00013247-00013613 and next day he came
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00048-00013613-00013871 to the Palace
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00049-00013872-00014069 and he said
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00050-00014069-00014272 in this chitty
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00051-00014273-00014572 shivaji had written I am placing my
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00052-00014573-00014879 entire Kingdom at your feet you can do
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00053-00014880-00015029 whatever you want with the kingdom and
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00054-00015030-00015122 me
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00055-00015122-00015322 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00056-00015323-00015479 so
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00057-00015480-00015730 Ramana said
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00058-00015731-00015911 now
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00059-00015912-00016241 that you have forsaken your kingdom
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00060-00016241-00016482 and given it to me
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00061-00016483-00016613 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00062-00016614-00017057 what are you planning to do
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00063-00017058-00017253 so shivaji said
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00064-00017254-00017521 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00065-00017522-00017783 whatever you say
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00066-00017784-00018136 you are my sad Guru whatever you say I
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00067-00018137-00018239 will do
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00068-00018240-00018497 and I just want to be around you and
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00069-00018498-00018863 serve you that's all I want to do
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00070-00018864-00019097 then
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00071-00019098-00019564 he had ramdas had an extra begging book
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00072-00019565-00019979 to take this
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00073-00019980-00020189 and both of them went begging on the
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00074-00020190-00020267 street
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00075-00020268-00020621 the emperor and the guru
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00076-00020622-00020789 people
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00077-00020790-00020993 when the guru came to their house they
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00078-00020994-00021143 thought he's just some beggar and they
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00079-00021144-00021371 gave whatever they gave now the emperor
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00080-00021372-00021605 has come with great respect they gave
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00081-00021606-00022183 whatever they could
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00082-00022184-00022541 it's only now that if a beggar comes
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00083-00022542-00022925 home people are putting cooked food left
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00084-00022926-00023183 over food all kinds of things but in
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00085-00023184-00023350 this culture that was never done in the
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00086-00023351-00023663 past they only gave ingredients rice Dal
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00087-00023664-00023999 you know like this so it's for them to
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00088-00024000-00024269 go and cook their food and eat
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00089-00024270-00024503 so after they're begging rounds were
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00090-00024504-00024622 over
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00091-00024623-00024935 they went near the river and the guru
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00092-00024936-00025258 prepared a small meal a simple meal of
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00093-00025259-00025600 whatever ingredients had come that day
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00094-00025601-00025828 and
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00095-00025829-00026087 after he finished eating what was left
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00096-00026088-00026333 over
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00097-00026333-00026812 the king no more a king eighth
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00098-00026813-00027131 then
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00099-00027132-00027337 they were sitting under a tree and
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00100-00027338-00027677 shivaji smiled and said now that you've
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00101-00027677-00027827 turned me into your beggar in this 24
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00102-00027827-00028139 hours
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00103-00028139-00028708 what else do you wish to do with me
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00104-00028710-00028912 surrounder said
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00105-00028913-00029243 it's called hero that means a piece of
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00106-00029244-00029374 orange cloth
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00107-00029375-00029681 he gave this orange cloth which was on
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00108-00029682-00029867 his body he took it and gave this orange
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00109-00029868-00030167 cloth and he said
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00110-00030168-00030473 use this as your banner
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00111-00030474-00030701 and go back and rule the
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00112-00030702-00030862 country
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00113-00030863-00031289 but just now this is not your kingdom
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00114-00031289-00031445 if you know
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00115-00031445-00031702 this doesn't belong to you you don't own
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00116-00031704-00031787 it
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00117-00031788-00031973 and you will do the best that you can
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00118-00031974-00032224 for the people that is the way you must
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00119-00032225-00032335 rule
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00120-00032336-00032687 you always used the orange cloth or the
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00121-00032688-00032962 orange flag as its Banner and he
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00122-00032963-00033167 administered his kingdom in a most
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00123-00033168-00033305 enlightened way
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00124-00033306-00033437 possible
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00125-00033438-00033755 to run a kingdom
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00126-00033756-00034055 why I'm telling you this story is
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00127-00034056-00034355 shivaji Rose in his teacher lives in the
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00128-00034356-00034604 hearts and minds of this country
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00129-00034605-00034852 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00130-00034853-00034937 because
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00131-00034938-00035051 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00132-00035052-00035490 he lived in Grace he fought battles many
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00133-00035491-00035873 but it's absolutely balanced never in
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00134-00035874-00036143 Anger never in hatred never lost in
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00135-00036144-00036715 anything just doing what is needed
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00136-00036716-00037049 Grace is the greatest empowerment that
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00137-00037050-00037373 you can have once Grace enters your life
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00138-00037374-00037751 every little thing is
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00139-00037752-00038045 how do I become available to Grace Grace
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00140-00038046-00038230 does not mean it's coming from One
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00141-00038231-00038633 Direction somewhere as gravity is
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00142-00038634-00038987 Grace is but in a much bigger Dimension
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00143-00038988-00039311 because gravity Works only to a certain
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00144-00039312-00039443 distance
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00145-00039444-00039640 Grace
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00146-00039641-00039886 is the basis of the creation
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00147-00039887-00040012 [Music]
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00148-00040013-00040265 but you won't be available to it
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00149-00040266-00040487 if you have strong walls of
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00150-00040488-00040774 individuality
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00151-00040775-00041068 if you become dispassionate slowly the
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00152-00041069-00041633 walls will dissolve now it brings Grace
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00153-00041634-00042123 everything in your breeds Grace
xSJ6WFIiR4U-00154-00042124-00044200 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00000-00002864-00002998 foreign
xT0YRsXc_PU-00001-00002999-00004095 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00002-00004096-00005352 yes
xT0YRsXc_PU-00003-00005353-00006337 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00004-00006338-00007337 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00005-00007338-00008255 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00006-00008256-00008997 foreign
xT0YRsXc_PU-00007-00008998-00009814 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00008-00009815-00011083 foreign
xT0YRsXc_PU-00009-00011084-00012893 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00010-00012894-00014265 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00011-00014266-00015749 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00012-00015750-00018199 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00013-00018200-00018556 foreign
xT0YRsXc_PU-00014-00018557-00019616 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00015-00019617-00020647 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00016-00020648-00021007 [Music]
xT0YRsXc_PU-00017-00021008-00021446 foreign
xT0YRsXc_PU-00018-00021447-00021753 [Music]
xU-JvdUqKrA-00000-00000115-00000401 we're running maintenance on this 5000
xU-JvdUqKrA-00001-00000401-00000848 pound beast bone and these soldiers are
xU-JvdUqKrA-00002-00000849-00001120 taking ownership of their vehicles we
xU-JvdUqKrA-00003-00001121-00001333 want people to say that's my Humvee
xU-JvdUqKrA-00004-00001334-00001474 that's a direct reflection of yourself
xU-JvdUqKrA-00005-00001475-00001634 or anybody's gonna look at you and be
xU-JvdUqKrA-00006-00001635-00001789 like you know was this guy - I'll take
xU-JvdUqKrA-00007-00001791-00001948 care of his vehicle with the help from
xU-JvdUqKrA-00008-00001950-00002167 the sergeant major of the army okay
xU-JvdUqKrA-00009-00002168-00002452 this is maintenance holiday we're here
xU-JvdUqKrA-00010-00002453-00002560 at beautiful Fort Huachuca
xU-JvdUqKrA-00011-00002561-00002723 and today we're gonna check on some
xU-JvdUqKrA-00012-00002724-00002875 maintenance maintenance is critical to
xU-JvdUqKrA-00013-00002876-00003043 the success of our army and the systems
xU-JvdUqKrA-00014-00003044-00003184 we use to help soldiers on a battlefield
xU-JvdUqKrA-00015-00003185-00003434 fight and win our nation's Wars let's go
xU-JvdUqKrA-00016-00003435-00003536 see what our soldiers are doing in the
xU-JvdUqKrA-00017-00003536-00004018 maintenance Bay
xU-JvdUqKrA-00018-00004019-00004175 hey solder what you doing there Oh
xU-JvdUqKrA-00019-00004176-00004366 sergeant major of the army hey special
xU-JvdUqKrA-00020-00004367-00004625 tracking on my weekly PMC yes that's
xU-JvdUqKrA-00021-00004626-00004747 great I came down here to see what
xU-JvdUqKrA-00022-00004748-00004879 people were doing on maintenance is
xU-JvdUqKrA-00023-00004880-00005041 there anything wrong with we're about to
xU-JvdUqKrA-00024-00005042-00005170 find out would you like to lend me in
xU-JvdUqKrA-00025-00005171-00005336 yeah love lend your hand let's get
xU-JvdUqKrA-00026-00005337-00005557 started what do we got to do we've been
xU-JvdUqKrA-00027-00005558-00005779 using Humvees since the 1980s and
xU-JvdUqKrA-00028-00005780-00006100 they've taken a punishment that's why
xU-JvdUqKrA-00029-00006101-00006281 maintenance is more important and ever
xU-JvdUqKrA-00030-00006282-00006488 and it all starts with a technical
xU-JvdUqKrA-00031-00006489-00006695 manual and we always got to use the TM
xU-JvdUqKrA-00032-00006695-00006812 contain with them keep it in the right
xU-JvdUqKrA-00033-00006813-00007037 holder and allow us to know what the
xU-JvdUqKrA-00034-00007038-00007262 second win at second how to check I want
xU-JvdUqKrA-00035-00007263-00007435 him to be able to look at the vehicle
xU-JvdUqKrA-00036-00007436-00007663 and go through each intricate part of
xU-JvdUqKrA-00037-00007664-00007808 this vehicle making sure that it's ready
xU-JvdUqKrA-00038-00007809-00007948 to go because the worst thing that could
xU-JvdUqKrA-00039-00007950-00008149 happen is leave say oh yeah it's good to
xU-JvdUqKrA-00040-00008150-00008285 get out there and it's not make sure
xU-JvdUqKrA-00041-00008286-00008435 that drives chap isn't loose at all
xU-JvdUqKrA-00042-00008436-00008560 as a noncommissioned officer you should
xU-JvdUqKrA-00043-00008561-00008744 be out there with your soldiers don't
xU-JvdUqKrA-00044-00008745-00008914 just tell them hey go ahead get that PMC
xU-JvdUqKrA-00045-00008915-00009134 s done and you're not there be there be
xU-JvdUqKrA-00046-00009135-00009485 effective okay so what we're gonna do
xU-JvdUqKrA-00047-00009486-00009659 here is make sure the tire tread is good
xU-JvdUqKrA-00048-00009660-00009877 there's supposed to be wear bars on here
xU-JvdUqKrA-00049-00009878-00010135 but these stars evidently don't have
xU-JvdUqKrA-00050-00010136-00010388 them so and then you wanna look for
xU-JvdUqKrA-00051-00010389-00010580 cracks to or make sure there's no
xU-JvdUqKrA-00052-00010581-00010757 there's no cracks I'm here if there is
xU-JvdUqKrA-00053-00010758-00010966 you got put on the fit 1988 and then you
xU-JvdUqKrA-00054-00010967-00011136 gotta get to get order some new tires
xU-JvdUqKrA-00055-00011137-00011327 otherwise in this heat you don't
xU-JvdUqKrA-00056-00011328-00011471 actually explode you know what that
xU-JvdUqKrA-00057-00011472-00011777 happens on all army vehicles checks are
xU-JvdUqKrA-00058-00011778-00012044 required before during and after any
xU-JvdUqKrA-00059-00012045-00012283 type of movement also they are done
xU-JvdUqKrA-00060-00012284-00012560 weekly monthly annually and depending on
xU-JvdUqKrA-00061-00012561-00012805 the part even more than that so the only
xU-JvdUqKrA-00062-00012806-00012977 way to do this is do it properly get the
xU-JvdUqKrA-00063-00012978-00013114 proper equipment with the proper
xU-JvdUqKrA-00064-00013115-00013283 protection and get under that vehicle
xU-JvdUqKrA-00065-00013284-00013436 and check for leaks you can't just get
xU-JvdUqKrA-00066-00013437-00013588 down on one knee you got to make sure
xU-JvdUqKrA-00067-00013590-00013780 you get underneath that vehicle check
xU-JvdUqKrA-00068-00013781-00013966 all the appropriate places to make sure
xU-JvdUqKrA-00069-00013968-00014147 that vehicle is ready to go and mission
xU-JvdUqKrA-00070-00014147-00014311 ready for every mission what it's called
xU-JvdUqKrA-00071-00014312-00014686 to do so we're looking for the proper
xU-JvdUqKrA-00072-00014687-00014983 level and then the color of it make sure
xU-JvdUqKrA-00073-00014984-00015155 it's in the cross hatches if it's if
xU-JvdUqKrA-00074-00015156-00015280 it's not in the cross hatches and you
xU-JvdUqKrA-00075-00015281-00015536 got a you know top it off and it's full
xU-JvdUqKrA-00076-00015537-00015652 in this world
xU-JvdUqKrA-00077-00015653-00015805 I just remember when I was a young
xU-JvdUqKrA-00078-00015806-00015988 soldier I had my name on the side of
xU-JvdUqKrA-00079-00015988-00016153 that vehicle and I took pride in the
xU-JvdUqKrA-00080-00016154-00016309 fact that my vehicle was ready to go at
xU-JvdUqKrA-00081-00016310-00016465 all the time and if it broke down in the
xU-JvdUqKrA-00082-00016466-00016609 field I was personally embarrassed
xU-JvdUqKrA-00083-00016610-00016795 that was my vehicle is my responsibility
xU-JvdUqKrA-00084-00016796-00016987 and we got to build that sense of pride
xU-JvdUqKrA-00085-00016988-00017182 into every single soldier and every
xU-JvdUqKrA-00086-00017183-00017362 single piece of equipment have today we
xU-JvdUqKrA-00087-00017363-00017461 don't know we're gonna fight tomorrow
xU-JvdUqKrA-00088-00017462-00017617 something we don't know so now what we
xU-JvdUqKrA-00089-00017618-00017769 do know is that well we got a soldier's
xU-JvdUqKrA-00090-00017770-00017959 prepare it cooking the pair will be
xU-JvdUqKrA-00091-00017960-00018322 ready everything is already filled we're
xU-JvdUqKrA-00092-00018323-00018502 here for with yuca and you just got
xU-JvdUqKrA-00093-00018503-00019269 maintenance all let's start talking I
xU-JvdUqKrA-00094-00019270-00019494 stopped talking to soldiers texting with
xU-JvdUqKrA-00095-00019495-00019690 the phone I'm sure all right so you got
xU-JvdUqKrA-00096-00019691-00019846 yourself one winner - you gonna be
xU-JvdUqKrA-00097-00019847-00019984 texting back there we're gonna catch her
xU-JvdUqKrA-00098-00019985-00020158 all that it's gonna look natural
xU-JvdUqKrA-00099-00020159-00020443 are we strong
xU-JvdUqKrA-00100-00020444-00020806 but we were saying office to huh
xaJus2wevZk-00000-00000017-00000262 this is a list of properties and
xaJus2wevZk-00001-00000263-00000419 districts listed on the National
xaJus2wevZk-00002-00000420-00000596 Register of Historic Places in
xaJus2wevZk-00003-00000597-00000874 Connecticut there are more than 1500
xaJus2wevZk-00004-00000875-00001195 listed sites in Connecticut all eight
xaJus2wevZk-00005-00001196-00001403 counties in Connecticut have listings on
xaJus2wevZk-00006-00001404-00001723 the National Register this National Park
xaJus2wevZk-00007-00001725-00001927 Service list is complete through NPS
xaJus2wevZk-00008-00001928-00002745 recent listings posted December 7th 2018
xaJus2wevZk-00009-00002746-00003359 topic current listings by county
xaJus2wevZk-00010-00003360-00003604 the following are approximate tallies of
xaJus2wevZk-00011-00003606-00003847 current listings by county these counts
xaJus2wevZk-00012-00003848-00004019 are based on entries in the National
xaJus2wevZk-00013-00004020-00004222 Register information database as of
xaJus2wevZk-00014-00004223-00004538 April 24 2008 and new weekly listings
xaJus2wevZk-00015-00004539-00004709 posted since then on the National
xaJus2wevZk-00016-00004710-00004922 Register of Historic Places website
xaJus2wevZk-00017-00004923-00005159 there are frequent additions to the
xaJus2wevZk-00018-00005160-00005357 listings and occasional D listings and
xaJus2wevZk-00019-00005358-00005528 the counts here are approximate and not
xaJus2wevZk-00020-00005529-00005782 official new entries are added to the
xaJus2wevZk-00021-00005783-00006116 official register on a weekly basis also
xaJus2wevZk-00022-00006117-00006284 the counts in this table exclude
xaJus2wevZk-00023-00006285-00006491 boundary increase in decreased listings
xaJus2wevZk-00024-00006492-00006673 which modified the area covered by an
xaJus2wevZk-00025-00006675-00006877 existing property or district and which
xaJus2wevZk-00026-00006878-00007063 carry a separate National Register
xaJus2wevZk-00027-00007064-00007283 reference number the numbers of
xaJus2wevZk-00028-00007284-00007498 nrhp-listed in each county are
xaJus2wevZk-00029-00007500-00007691 documented by tables in each of the
xaJus2wevZk-00030-00007692-00008380 individual county list articles
xaJus2wevZk-00031-00008381-00008888 topic see also
xaJus2wevZk-00032-00008889-00009177 list of bridges on the National Register
xaJus2wevZk-00033-00009178-00009483 of Historic Places in Connecticut list
xaJus2wevZk-00034-00009484-00009681 of national historic landmarks in
xaJus2wevZk-00035-00009682-00009939 Connecticut
xb2mrh2E4Og-00000-00000131-00000413 positive daily affirmations for women to
xb2mrh2E4Og-00001-00000413-00000749 inspire confidence
xb2mrh2E4Og-00002-00000750-00001235 I am capable
xb2mrh2E4Og-00003-00001236-00001745 I am intelligent
xb2mrh2E4Og-00004-00001746-00001952 I am innovative
xb2mrh2E4Og-00005-00001953-00002260 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00006-00002261-00002506 I am brave
xb2mrh2E4Og-00007-00002507-00002813 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00008-00002814-00003023 I am confident
xb2mrh2E4Og-00009-00003024-00003353 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00010-00003354-00003893 I stand up for myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00011-00003894-00004308 I can do hard things
xb2mrh2E4Og-00012-00004309-00004499 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00013-00004500-00005165 I am in charge of my own identity
xb2mrh2E4Og-00014-00005166-00005492 I have faith in myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00015-00005493-00005825 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00016-00005826-00006456 my ideas are powerful
xb2mrh2E4Og-00017-00006458-00006831 I am allowed to change my mind
xb2mrh2E4Og-00018-00006833-00007153 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00019-00007154-00007347 this is my time
xb2mrh2E4Og-00020-00007348-00007787 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00021-00007788-00008423 I am articulate
xb2mrh2E4Og-00022-00008424-00008552 I know myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00023-00008553-00009064 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00024-00009065-00009236 I am an independent person
xb2mrh2E4Og-00025-00009237-00009683 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00026-00009684-00010331 I am good at many things
xb2mrh2E4Og-00027-00010332-00010574 anything is possible in my life
xb2mrh2E4Og-00028-00010575-00011074 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00029-00011075-00011764 I have faith in my own abilities
xb2mrh2E4Og-00030-00011765-00012008 I am qualified to be where I am
xb2mrh2E4Og-00031-00012009-00012431 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00032-00012432-00012616 I make good decisions
xb2mrh2E4Og-00033-00012617-00013055 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00034-00013056-00013294 I will stop apologizing for things I
xb2mrh2E4Og-00035-00013295-00013411 can't control
xb2mrh2E4Og-00036-00013412-00013849 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00037-00013850-00014032 I am good enough
xb2mrh2E4Og-00038-00014033-00014507 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00039-00014508-00015101 I deserve Joy
xb2mrh2E4Og-00040-00015102-00015838 I am worthy of investing in myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00041-00015840-00016522 I deserve positivity
xb2mrh2E4Og-00042-00016523-00016754 I am worthy of praise
xb2mrh2E4Og-00043-00016755-00017171 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00044-00017172-00017416 I love myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00045-00017417-00017800 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00046-00017801-00017976 people like being around me
xb2mrh2E4Og-00047-00017977-00018479 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00048-00018480-00018730 I have surpassed my own expectations in
xb2mrh2E4Og-00049-00018731-00018969 the past
xb2mrh2E4Og-00050-00018970-00019258 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00051-00019259-00019470 I have innate value
xb2mrh2E4Og-00052-00019471-00019877 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00053-00019878-00020038 my perspective matters
xb2mrh2E4Og-00054-00020039-00020530 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00055-00020531-00020831 I respect myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00056-00020832-00021263 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00057-00021264-00021743 I am capable
xb2mrh2E4Og-00058-00021744-00022258 I am intelligent
xb2mrh2E4Og-00059-00022259-00022469 I am innovative
xb2mrh2E4Og-00060-00022470-00022780 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00061-00022781-00023025 I am brave
xb2mrh2E4Og-00062-00023026-00023333 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00063-00023334-00023543 I am confident
xb2mrh2E4Og-00064-00023544-00023867 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00065-00023868-00024419 I stand up for myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00066-00024420-00024826 I can do hard things
xb2mrh2E4Og-00067-00024827-00025019 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00068-00025020-00025702 I am in charge of my own identity
xb2mrh2E4Og-00069-00025704-00026010 I have faith in myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00070-00026011-00026333 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00071-00026333-00026794 my ideas are powerful
xb2mrh2E4Og-00072-00026795-00027017 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00073-00027018-00027350 I am allowed to change my mind
xb2mrh2E4Og-00074-00027351-00027707 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00075-00027708-00027864 this is my time
xb2mrh2E4Og-00076-00027866-00028301 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00077-00028302-00028943 I am articulate
xb2mrh2E4Og-00078-00028944-00029070 I know myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00079-00029070-00029533 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00080-00029533-00029754 I am an independent person
xb2mrh2E4Og-00081-00029755-00030196 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00082-00030197-00030857 I am good at many things
xb2mrh2E4Og-00083-00030858-00031092 anything is possible in my life
xb2mrh2E4Og-00084-00031093-00031589 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00085-00031589-00032279 I have faith in my own abilities
xb2mrh2E4Og-00086-00032280-00032526 I am qualified to be where I am
xb2mrh2E4Og-00087-00032527-00032951 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00088-00032952-00033222 I make good decisions
xb2mrh2E4Og-00089-00033223-00033574 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00090-00033575-00033827 I will stop apologizing for things I
xb2mrh2E4Og-00091-00033828-00033930 can't control
xb2mrh2E4Og-00092-00033931-00034409 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00093-00034410-00034549 I am good enough
xb2mrh2E4Og-00094-00034550-00035021 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00095-00035022-00035615 I deserve Joy
xb2mrh2E4Og-00096-00035616-00036352 I am worthy of investing in myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00097-00036353-00037037 I deserve positivity
xb2mrh2E4Og-00098-00037038-00037690 I am worthy of praise
xb2mrh2E4Og-00099-00037691-00037936 I love myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00100-00037937-00038309 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00101-00038310-00038494 people like being around me
xb2mrh2E4Og-00102-00038495-00038999 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00103-00039000-00039245 I have surpassed my own expectations in
xb2mrh2E4Og-00104-00039246-00039779 the past
xb2mrh2E4Og-00105-00039780-00039989 I have innate value
xb2mrh2E4Og-00106-00039990-00040390 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00107-00040391-00040556 my perspective matters
xb2mrh2E4Og-00108-00040557-00041057 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00109-00041058-00041349 I respect myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00110-00041350-00042130 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00111-00042131-00042248 I am capable
xb2mrh2E4Og-00112-00042249-00042617 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00113-00042618-00043133 I am intelligent
xb2mrh2E4Og-00114-00043134-00043340 I am innovative
xb2mrh2E4Og-00115-00043341-00043649 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00116-00043650-00043847 I am brave
xb2mrh2E4Og-00117-00043848-00044201 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00118-00044202-00044414 I am confident
xb2mrh2E4Og-00119-00044415-00044740 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00120-00044741-00045293 I stand up for myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00121-00045294-00045697 I can do hard things
xb2mrh2E4Og-00122-00045698-00045887 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00123-00045888-00046577 I am in charge of my own identity
xb2mrh2E4Og-00124-00046578-00046881 I have faith in myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00125-00046882-00047201 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00126-00047202-00047896 my ideas are powerful
xb2mrh2E4Og-00127-00047897-00048221 I am allowed to change my mind
xb2mrh2E4Og-00128-00048222-00048535 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00129-00048536-00048735 this is my time
xb2mrh2E4Og-00130-00048736-00049174 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00131-00049175-00049811 I am articulate
xb2mrh2E4Og-00132-00049812-00049941 I know myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00133-00049942-00050452 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00134-00050453-00050625 I am an independent person
xb2mrh2E4Og-00135-00050626-00051077 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00136-00051078-00051725 I am good at many things
xb2mrh2E4Og-00137-00051726-00051962 anything is possible in my life
xb2mrh2E4Og-00138-00051963-00052457 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00139-00052458-00053159 I have faith in my own abilities
xb2mrh2E4Og-00140-00053160-00053397 I am qualified to be where I am
xb2mrh2E4Og-00141-00053398-00053813 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00142-00053814-00054091 I make good decisions
xb2mrh2E4Og-00143-00054091-00054449 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00144-00054450-00054694 I will stop apologizing for things I
xb2mrh2E4Og-00145-00054695-00054800 can't control
xb2mrh2E4Og-00146-00054801-00055230 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00147-00055232-00055420 I am good enough
xb2mrh2E4Og-00148-00055421-00055894 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00149-00055895-00056291 I deserve Joy
xb2mrh2E4Og-00150-00056291-00056488 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00151-00056489-00057187 I am worthy of investing in myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00152-00057188-00057911 I deserve positivity
xb2mrh2E4Og-00153-00057912-00058559 I am worthy of praise
xb2mrh2E4Og-00154-00058560-00058807 I love myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00155-00058808-00059188 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00156-00059189-00059365 people like being around me
xb2mrh2E4Og-00157-00059366-00059866 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00158-00059867-00060113 I have surpassed my own expectations in
xb2mrh2E4Og-00159-00060114-00060358 the past
xb2mrh2E4Og-00160-00060359-00060647 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00161-00060648-00060860 I have innate value
xb2mrh2E4Og-00162-00060861-00061265 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00163-00061266-00061425 my perspective matters
xb2mrh2E4Og-00164-00061426-00061925 [Music]
xb2mrh2E4Og-00165-00061926-00062220 I respect myself
xb2mrh2E4Og-00166-00062221-00062550 [Music]
xbnP3um6bHE-00000-00000003-00000229 well in this particular trade scenario I
xbnP3um6bHE-00001-00000231-00000398 still have two left including this one
xbnP3um6bHE-00002-00000399-00000661 Tim maybe you will see me concoct some
xbnP3um6bHE-00003-00000662-00000797 kind of plan where he does end up on the
xbnP3um6bHE-00004-00000798-00000961 New York Knicks before this scenario
xbnP3um6bHE-00005-00000963-00001202 he's going to Chicago Bulls look if it's
xbnP3um6bHE-00006-00001203-00001412 all about me myself and Kyrie you want
xbnP3um6bHE-00007-00001413-00001660 to be the man there is a gaping wide
xbnP3um6bHE-00008-00001661-00001934 hole of vacuum of talent in Chicago
xbnP3um6bHE-00009-00001935-00002120 where you can go and be the man how does
xbnP3um6bHE-00010-00002121-00002354 it work well well well look who's going
xbnP3um6bHE-00011-00002355-00002591 back to Miami to reunite with his friend
xbnP3um6bHE-00012-00002592-00002743 B why he doesn't want to be in Chicago
xbnP3um6bHE-00013-00002744-00003023 anymore so the Bulls send him to Miami
xbnP3um6bHE-00014-00003024-00003217 Miami sends goran dragic
xbnP3um6bHE-00015-00003218-00003379 and Wayne Ellington to the Cavs so they
xbnP3um6bHE-00016-00003380-00003515 can replace the point guard Wayne
xbnP3um6bHE-00017-00003515-00003677 Ellington at somewhere outside shooting
xbnP3um6bHE-00018-00003678-00003869 for LeBron and Kyrie Irving gets to go
xbnP3um6bHE-00019-00003870-00004150 to a bull team that is going to be trash
xbnP3um6bHE-00020-00004151-00004418 this next year and countries used to be
xbnP3um6bHE-00021-00004419-00004547 in trash when he's the man sure he'll
xbnP3um6bHE-00022-00004548-00004795 score 25 30 points a game alongside Zach
xbnP3um6bHE-00023-00004796-00004972 Lavine but the Bulls will be bad and
xbnP3um6bHE-00024-00004973-00005108 they'll be in the lottery for a year
xbnP3um6bHE-00025-00005109-00005431 after year after year that one kind of
xbnP3um6bHE-00026-00005432-00005536 works out a little bit I can see
xbnP3um6bHE-00027-00005537-00005672 Cleveland agree into that because they
xbnP3um6bHE-00028-00005673-00005834 did a good point guard in return and
xbnP3um6bHE-00029-00005835-00005995 they have him under control for a few
xbnP3um6bHE-00030-00005996-00006113 years and maybe that can keep LeBron
xbnP3um6bHE-00031-00006114-00006322 around probably not but that was just a
xbnP3um6bHE-00032-00006323-00006527 fun scenario to get D Wade back to Miami
xbnP3um6bHE-00033-00006528-00006709 and have Kyrie really be the man in
xbnP3um6bHE-00034-00006711-00006946 Chicago good luck with that again use
xbnP3um6bHE-00035-00006947-00007067 the hashtag the rally let me know how
xbnP3um6bHE-00036-00007068-00007210 you feel about that trade scenario I'm
xbnP3um6bHE-00037-00007211-00007430 already broken down to I got one more
xbnP3um6bHE-00038-00007431-00007580 left I'll share that with you coming up
xbnP3um6bHE-00039-00007581-00007895 later on this rally
xdg6YcXxw24-00000-00000384-00000503 hello
xdg6YcXxw24-00001-00000504-00000719 my name is sue peppin i serve as the
xdg6YcXxw24-00002-00000720-00000807 director
xdg6YcXxw24-00003-00000808-00000975 of health and clinical partnerships at
xdg6YcXxw24-00004-00000976-00001135 arizona state university
xdg6YcXxw24-00005-00001136-00001383 i want to welcome you all to our third
xdg6YcXxw24-00006-00001384-00001558 of four events in our biomedical
xdg6YcXxw24-00007-00001559-00001614 innovation
xdg6YcXxw24-00008-00001616-00001942 series today's topic is bridging the gap
xdg6YcXxw24-00009-00001943-00002167 between data science and medicine
xdg6YcXxw24-00010-00002168-00002359 i want to thank the arizona biomedical
xdg6YcXxw24-00011-00002360-00002510 research center for sponsoring the
xdg6YcXxw24-00012-00002511-00002607 series
xdg6YcXxw24-00013-00002608-00002815 and arizona state university knowledge
xdg6YcXxw24-00014-00002816-00002934 enterprise for the work
xdg6YcXxw24-00015-00002935-00003095 they do in fostering innovation through
xdg6YcXxw24-00016-00003096-00003303 research and discovery
xdg6YcXxw24-00017-00003304-00003551 the structure today will be about 40
xdg6YcXxw24-00018-00003552-00003767 minutes of a fireside chat starting out
xdg6YcXxw24-00019-00003768-00003831 with
xdg6YcXxw24-00020-00003832-00004103 some opening comments with our speakers
xdg6YcXxw24-00021-00004104-00004191 followed by
xdg6YcXxw24-00022-00004192-00004606 um you know 20 15 minutes of
xdg6YcXxw24-00023-00004607-00004879 questions and answers and discussion
xdg6YcXxw24-00024-00004880-00005047 please if you have questions which if
xdg6YcXxw24-00025-00005048-00005183 you would write them
xdg6YcXxw24-00026-00005184-00005431 uh throughout the webinar in the
xdg6YcXxw24-00027-00005432-00005567 question chat box
xdg6YcXxw24-00028-00005568-00005911 and we will try to get to them so
xdg6YcXxw24-00029-00005912-00006206 it is my great pleasure to introduce two
xdg6YcXxw24-00030-00006207-00006302 real leaders
xdg6YcXxw24-00031-00006303-00006759 in this space of data science and health
xdg6YcXxw24-00032-00006759-00007031 dr melissa handel is the director of the
xdg6YcXxw24-00033-00007031-00007087 center
xdg6YcXxw24-00034-00007088-00007463 for data to health at oregon health and
xdg6YcXxw24-00035-00007464-00007655 science university and the director of
xdg6YcXxw24-00036-00007656-00007774 translational data
xdg6YcXxw24-00037-00007775-00008078 science at oregon state university dr
xdg6YcXxw24-00038-00008079-00008246 handel's vision is to weave together
xdg6YcXxw24-00039-00008247-00008374 healthcare systems
xdg6YcXxw24-00040-00008375-00008595 basic science research and
xdg6YcXxw24-00041-00008596-00008751 patient-generated data
xdg6YcXxw24-00042-00008752-00008919 through the development of data
xdg6YcXxw24-00043-00008920-00009119 integration technologies and innovative
xdg6YcXxw24-00044-00009120-00009191 data
xdg6YcXxw24-00045-00009192-00009503 data capture strategies she currently
xdg6YcXxw24-00046-00009504-00009542 does
xdg6YcXxw24-00047-00009543-00009703 integrative research in environmental
xdg6YcXxw24-00048-00009704-00009883 health science public health and
xdg6YcXxw24-00049-00009884-00010014 bioinformatics
xdg6YcXxw24-00050-00010015-00010214 she also plays a leadership role in
xdg6YcXxw24-00051-00010215-00010391 informatics consortia
xdg6YcXxw24-00052-00010392-00010599 dedicated to data sharing and semantic
xdg6YcXxw24-00053-00010600-00010735 engineering
xdg6YcXxw24-00054-00010736-00010927 dr handel's research has focused on
xdg6YcXxw24-00055-00010928-00011159 integration of genotype phenotype data
xdg6YcXxw24-00056-00011160-00011359 to improve rare disease diagnosis and
xdg6YcXxw24-00057-00011360-00011583 mechanism discovery
xdg6YcXxw24-00058-00011584-00011774 she received her phd in neuroscience
xdg6YcXxw24-00059-00011775-00011951 from the university of wisconsin-madison
xdg6YcXxw24-00060-00011952-00012127 with post-doctoral fellowships
xdg6YcXxw24-00061-00012128-00012295 at the university of oregon and oregon
xdg6YcXxw24-00062-00012296-00012542 state university as an undergraduate
xdg6YcXxw24-00063-00012543-00012846 she studied chemistry at reed college
xdg6YcXxw24-00064-00012847-00013151 dr anthony phillipakis is the chief data
xdg6YcXxw24-00065-00013152-00013366 officer at the broad institute of mit
xdg6YcXxw24-00066-00013368-00013438 and harvard
xdg6YcXxw24-00067-00013440-00013743 where he is also an institute scientist
xdg6YcXxw24-00068-00013744-00013943 dr philip pakis is committed to bringing
xdg6YcXxw24-00069-00013944-00014127 bridging the gap between data sciences
xdg6YcXxw24-00070-00014128-00014247 and medicine
xdg6YcXxw24-00071-00014247-00014415 he's a cardiologist at brigham and
xdg6YcXxw24-00072-00014416-00014663 women's hospital where his primary focus
xdg6YcXxw24-00073-00014663-00014847 is caring for patients with rare genetic
xdg6YcXxw24-00074-00014847-00015047 cardiovascular diseases
xdg6YcXxw24-00075-00015047-00015230 at the broad institute he directs the
xdg6YcXxw24-00076-00015231-00015391 data sciences platform
xdg6YcXxw24-00077-00015391-00015566 an organization of over a hundred
xdg6YcXxw24-00078-00015568-00015735 software engineers and computational
xdg6YcXxw24-00079-00015736-00015822 biologists
xdg6YcXxw24-00080-00015823-00016063 that develops software for analyzing
xdg6YcXxw24-00081-00016063-00016271 genomic and clinical data
xdg6YcXxw24-00082-00016272-00016439 in addition to his roles at the broad
xdg6YcXxw24-00083-00016440-00016583 institute and brigham and women
xdg6YcXxw24-00084-00016584-00016943 women's hospital he is a venture partner
xdg6YcXxw24-00085-00016944-00017319 at gv focusing on machine learning
xdg6YcXxw24-00086-00017320-00017630 distributed computing and genomics he
xdg6YcXxw24-00087-00017631-00017839 received his md from harvard medical
xdg6YcXxw24-00088-00017840-00018063 school and completed a phd in biophysics
xdg6YcXxw24-00089-00018064-00018150 at harvard
xdg6YcXxw24-00090-00018151-00018343 as an undergrad he studied mathematics
xdg6YcXxw24-00091-00018344-00018463 at yale university
xdg6YcXxw24-00092-00018464-00018655 and later studied mathematics at
xdg6YcXxw24-00093-00018656-00018879 cambridge university
xdg6YcXxw24-00094-00018880-00019279 so we have quite the duo today to
xdg6YcXxw24-00095-00019280-00019503 to lead us in this discussion and i'm
xdg6YcXxw24-00096-00019504-00019622 going to start out with
xdg6YcXxw24-00097-00019623-00020055 melissa to tell us a bit about her work
xdg6YcXxw24-00098-00020056-00020358 fantastic thank you so much sue um well
xdg6YcXxw24-00099-00020359-00020503 it's really my great pleasure to be here
xdg6YcXxw24-00100-00020504-00020678 today so thank you so much for the
xdg6YcXxw24-00101-00020679-00021007 kind invitation um i'll tell a little
xdg6YcXxw24-00102-00021008-00021071 bit of a
xdg6YcXxw24-00103-00021072-00021407 background of my sort of scientific
xdg6YcXxw24-00104-00021408-00021694 trajectory in this space
xdg6YcXxw24-00105-00021695-00022030 as sue had mentioned my background is in
xdg6YcXxw24-00106-00022031-00022222 developmental genetics
xdg6YcXxw24-00107-00022223-00022567 and neuroscience and i have been slowly
xdg6YcXxw24-00108-00022568-00022727 marching my way towards the clinical
xdg6YcXxw24-00109-00022728-00022830 enterprise and
xdg6YcXxw24-00110-00022831-00023191 towards patients throughout my career
xdg6YcXxw24-00111-00023192-00023463 during the time that i worked as a
xdg6YcXxw24-00112-00023464-00023719 zebrafish genome
xdg6YcXxw24-00113-00023720-00024039 coordinator i was found to
xdg6YcXxw24-00114-00024040-00024358 be tasked to coordinate the structuring
xdg6YcXxw24-00115-00024359-00024583 of data for genotype
xdg6YcXxw24-00116-00024584-00024886 phenotype and gene expression data and
xdg6YcXxw24-00117-00024887-00025119 recognize the incredible power of these
xdg6YcXxw24-00118-00025120-00025255 data
xdg6YcXxw24-00119-00025256-00025478 and that they were underused and at the
xdg6YcXxw24-00120-00025479-00025711 time uh developed some
xdg6YcXxw24-00121-00025712-00025950 uh data models and infrastructure to
xdg6YcXxw24-00122-00025951-00026046 help support
xdg6YcXxw24-00123-00026047-00026270 what i refer to as sort of a phenotype
xdg6YcXxw24-00124-00026272-00026374 blast approach
xdg6YcXxw24-00125-00026375-00026631 where we took these um structured
xdg6YcXxw24-00126-00026632-00026839 phenotype descriptions of zebrafish
xdg6YcXxw24-00127-00026839-00027111 and were able to retrieve candidate
xdg6YcXxw24-00128-00027112-00027279 genes from
xdg6YcXxw24-00129-00027280-00027502 human diseases to help understand
xdg6YcXxw24-00130-00027504-00027695 molecular mechanisms of diseases for
xdg6YcXxw24-00131-00027695-00027783 which we didn't know
xdg6YcXxw24-00132-00027783-00028095 yet know the genetic basis so this was
xdg6YcXxw24-00133-00028095-00028407 back in 2009 we published our seminal
xdg6YcXxw24-00134-00028408-00028631 paper on these technologies
xdg6YcXxw24-00135-00028632-00028855 and marching forward to today's world
xdg6YcXxw24-00136-00028856-00029014 these technologies are now
xdg6YcXxw24-00137-00029016-00029255 in wide use and diagnostic tools for
xdg6YcXxw24-00138-00029256-00029351 rare disease
xdg6YcXxw24-00139-00029352-00029567 where we are leveraging model organism
xdg6YcXxw24-00140-00029568-00029679 data directly
xdg6YcXxw24-00141-00029680-00029831 in a clinical setting for helping
xdg6YcXxw24-00142-00029832-00030014 support diagnostics
xdg6YcXxw24-00143-00030016-00030199 we our group as part of the monarch
xdg6YcXxw24-00144-00030200-00030335 initiative program
xdg6YcXxw24-00145-00030336-00030479 which is a large consortium
xdg6YcXxw24-00146-00030480-00030639 international consortium that
xdg6YcXxw24-00147-00030639-00030887 that helps develop these resources and
xdg6YcXxw24-00148-00030888-00031023 algorithms
xdg6YcXxw24-00149-00031024-00031255 also develops the human phenotype
xdg6YcXxw24-00150-00031256-00031383 ontology
xdg6YcXxw24-00151-00031383-00031718 which is a medical terminology that is
xdg6YcXxw24-00152-00031719-00031935 structured to describe the patient as a
xdg6YcXxw24-00153-00031936-00032062 biological subject
xdg6YcXxw24-00154-00032063-00032374 rather than a billing subject or or a
xdg6YcXxw24-00155-00032375-00032543 clinical encounter subject
xdg6YcXxw24-00156-00032544-00032702 as is so often the case with most
xdg6YcXxw24-00157-00032703-00032911 medical terminologies
xdg6YcXxw24-00158-00032912-00033135 by leveraging the kinds of
xdg6YcXxw24-00159-00033136-00033262 infrastructure
xdg6YcXxw24-00160-00033263-00033535 that treat the patient as a biological
xdg6YcXxw24-00161-00033536-00033767 subject it allows us to compare
xdg6YcXxw24-00162-00033768-00033967 humans to other organisms much more
xdg6YcXxw24-00163-00033968-00034190 readily using semantic engineering
xdg6YcXxw24-00164-00034191-00034327 technologies and these can
xdg6YcXxw24-00165-00034328-00034559 be can be combined with genomic
xdg6YcXxw24-00166-00034560-00034735 technologies and other kinds of omics
xdg6YcXxw24-00167-00034736-00034831 technologies
xdg6YcXxw24-00168-00034832-00035031 to help support clinical decision making
xdg6YcXxw24-00169-00035032-00035207 and diagnostic tools
xdg6YcXxw24-00170-00035208-00035487 and so it's really exciting time in
xdg6YcXxw24-00171-00035488-00035671 health science research to be able to
xdg6YcXxw24-00172-00035672-00035759 leverage
xdg6YcXxw24-00173-00035760-00036087 so many different kinds of data together
xdg6YcXxw24-00174-00036088-00036351 in pursuit of improved patient
xdg6YcXxw24-00175-00036352-00036487 classification
xdg6YcXxw24-00176-00036488-00036695 for diagnostics for prognosis for
xdg6YcXxw24-00177-00036696-00036895 mechanism discovery and hopefully for
xdg6YcXxw24-00178-00036896-00037062 treatment discovery so i'm really
xdg6YcXxw24-00179-00037063-00037199 excited to be here today to talk with
xdg6YcXxw24-00180-00037200-00037295 anthony
xdg6YcXxw24-00181-00037296-00037487 more about his views on some of these
xdg6YcXxw24-00182-00037488-00037951 same topics so thank you so much
xdg6YcXxw24-00183-00037952-00038279 over to you anthony um so thank you so
xdg6YcXxw24-00184-00038280-00038335 much you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00185-00038336-00038511 i really can't express how honored i am
xdg6YcXxw24-00186-00038512-00038711 and excited uh to do this
xdg6YcXxw24-00187-00038712-00038943 uh as susan knows my dad was actually a
xdg6YcXxw24-00188-00038944-00039151 professor at arizona state for over 30
xdg6YcXxw24-00189-00039152-00039223 years
xdg6YcXxw24-00190-00039224-00039423 i grew up on the corner of rural and
xdg6YcXxw24-00191-00039424-00039599 baseline in tempe
xdg6YcXxw24-00192-00039600-00039855 uh and i still have sun devil at heart
xdg6YcXxw24-00193-00039856-00040071 uh so really it's just a real pleasure
xdg6YcXxw24-00194-00040072-00040199 to be here today
xdg6YcXxw24-00195-00040200-00040527 um you know so as susan mentioned my
xdg6YcXxw24-00196-00040528-00040759 path in life was that i was a
xdg6YcXxw24-00197-00040760-00040958 math nerd for all sorts of reasons who
xdg6YcXxw24-00198-00040959-00041102 went to med school um
xdg6YcXxw24-00199-00041103-00041327 and you know have always been been
xdg6YcXxw24-00200-00041328-00041479 really passionate about the opportunity
xdg6YcXxw24-00201-00041480-00041599 to bring
xdg6YcXxw24-00202-00041600-00041790 better use of data into the practice of
xdg6YcXxw24-00203-00041791-00041918 medicine
xdg6YcXxw24-00204-00041919-00042087 and you know one of the things that has
xdg6YcXxw24-00205-00042088-00042239 happened in recent years
xdg6YcXxw24-00206-00042240-00042439 is that i've kind of veered much more
xdg6YcXxw24-00207-00042440-00042599 towards what i'll call
xdg6YcXxw24-00208-00042600-00042902 the applied or engineering side in terms
xdg6YcXxw24-00209-00042903-00043095 of focusing on actually building
xdg6YcXxw24-00210-00043096-00043246 you know production grade software
xdg6YcXxw24-00211-00043247-00043462 systems to store
xdg6YcXxw24-00212-00043463-00043671 share and analyze genomic and clinical
xdg6YcXxw24-00213-00043672-00043767 data for the
xdg6YcXxw24-00214-00043768-00044007 betterment of science and medicine uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00215-00044008-00044143 you know and if i were to summarize
xdg6YcXxw24-00216-00044144-00044407 one of the motivations that uh led me uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00217-00044408-00044511 in this direction
xdg6YcXxw24-00218-00044512-00044735 it actually goes back to my time as a
xdg6YcXxw24-00219-00044736-00044887 cardiology fellow
xdg6YcXxw24-00220-00044888-00045087 i and i remember one evening i was on
xdg6YcXxw24-00221-00045088-00045343 call and a patient was admitted um
xdg6YcXxw24-00222-00045344-00045607 who had had cardiac arrest at the gym he
xdg6YcXxw24-00223-00045608-00045943 was a 45 year old otherwise healthy man
xdg6YcXxw24-00224-00045944-00046215 who was on the treadmill and arrested
xdg6YcXxw24-00225-00046216-00046262 and
xdg6YcXxw24-00226-00046263-00046535 fortunately someone at the gym knew cpr
xdg6YcXxw24-00227-00046536-00046623 and he was
xdg6YcXxw24-00228-00046624-00046783 uh you know brought to the hospital in
xdg6YcXxw24-00229-00046784-00046967 in critical condition
xdg6YcXxw24-00230-00046968-00047255 um and you know that night stayed up
xdg6YcXxw24-00231-00047256-00047407 with him trying to keep him alive
xdg6YcXxw24-00232-00047408-00047671 um and then in the coming weeks i did a
xdg6YcXxw24-00233-00047672-00047815 lot of very elaborate
xdg6YcXxw24-00234-00047816-00048015 tests on him to try and determine what
xdg6YcXxw24-00235-00048016-00048151 had caused such a
xdg6YcXxw24-00236-00048152-00048430 seemingly healthy person to suddenly um
xdg6YcXxw24-00237-00048431-00048511 suddenly die
xdg6YcXxw24-00238-00048512-00048839 honestly i and you know did a cardiac
xdg6YcXxw24-00239-00048840-00048895 mri
xdg6YcXxw24-00240-00048896-00049039 a cardiac catheterization
xdg6YcXxw24-00241-00049040-00049327 electrophysiology study
xdg6YcXxw24-00242-00049328-00049495 but it turned out that the single most
xdg6YcXxw24-00243-00049496-00049671 valuable test we did
xdg6YcXxw24-00244-00049672-00049830 was actually at some point uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00245-00049831-00050015 embarrassingly far along
xdg6YcXxw24-00246-00050016-00050230 was to get in touch with his brother and
xdg6YcXxw24-00247-00050231-00050486 take a rigorous family history
xdg6YcXxw24-00248-00050487-00050790 and uh when we did that uh you know you
xdg6YcXxw24-00249-00050791-00050967 ask is there a history of sudden cardiac
xdg6YcXxw24-00250-00050968-00051062 death in your family
xdg6YcXxw24-00251-00051063-00051358 oh no nobody's had any problems so is
xdg6YcXxw24-00252-00051359-00051487 your mother and father alive
xdg6YcXxw24-00253-00051488-00051790 uh no mom died when she was 25 it was
xdg6YcXxw24-00254-00051791-00051942 strange she drowned
xdg6YcXxw24-00255-00051944-00052094 and was a champion swimmer and nobody
xdg6YcXxw24-00256-00052095-00052302 ever figured out what happened
xdg6YcXxw24-00257-00052303-00052575 what about her brother and sisters well
xdg6YcXxw24-00258-00052576-00052742 actually two of her brothers also died
xdg6YcXxw24-00259-00052744-00052863 in their 40s
xdg6YcXxw24-00260-00052864-00053094 one was in a car accident and one fell
xdg6YcXxw24-00261-00053095-00053230 down the stairs
xdg6YcXxw24-00262-00053232-00053399 and sure enough as we take a family
xdg6YcXxw24-00263-00053400-00053615 history throughout the the family
xdg6YcXxw24-00264-00053616-00053919 uh it certainly seems like uh this is
xdg6YcXxw24-00265-00053920-00053982 something
xdg6YcXxw24-00266-00053983-00054271 that uh looks like a genetic cause of
xdg6YcXxw24-00267-00054272-00054447 sudden cardiac death
xdg6YcXxw24-00268-00054448-00054654 so we ordered some genetic tests to try
xdg6YcXxw24-00269-00054655-00054750 and confirm it
xdg6YcXxw24-00270-00054751-00055015 and sure enough there was a variant in a
xdg6YcXxw24-00271-00055016-00055071 known
xdg6YcXxw24-00272-00055072-00055247 a gene known to cause sudden cardiac
xdg6YcXxw24-00273-00055248-00055391 death uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00274-00055391-00055542 that had never been described before in
xdg6YcXxw24-00275-00055544-00055766 the literature so the gene was known but
xdg6YcXxw24-00276-00055767-00055894 not this variant and
xdg6YcXxw24-00277-00055895-00056094 as many of you know you can have either
xdg6YcXxw24-00278-00056095-00056263 benign variants in a gene or
xdg6YcXxw24-00279-00056264-00056591 or you know really bad ones um
xdg6YcXxw24-00280-00056591-00056799 so we were in kind of a difficult
xdg6YcXxw24-00281-00056800-00056959 situation because we didn't know whether
xdg6YcXxw24-00282-00056960-00057087 or not this was the cause
xdg6YcXxw24-00283-00057088-00057359 of of his death now you might say you
xdg6YcXxw24-00284-00057360-00057415 know
xdg6YcXxw24-00285-00057416-00057582 why does it matter um the guy's in
xdg6YcXxw24-00286-00057583-00057759 critical condition uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00287-00057760-00057942 you know you know why do you care about
xdg6YcXxw24-00288-00057944-00058142 making an elegant diagnosis
xdg6YcXxw24-00289-00058144-00058287 well it matters a lot for his family
xdg6YcXxw24-00290-00058288-00058479 members um he had five kids
xdg6YcXxw24-00291-00058479-00058726 and two of them carried that mutation uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00292-00058727-00058999 one was a rifleman in afghanistan
xdg6YcXxw24-00293-00059000-00059223 and the other was a college student uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00294-00059224-00059303 and at least for
xdg6YcXxw24-00295-00059304-00059503 you know the the older son that was in
xdg6YcXxw24-00296-00059504-00059638 the army um
xdg6YcXxw24-00297-00059639-00059863 you know exercise is a big risk factor
xdg6YcXxw24-00298-00059864-00060023 you'd have to tell him to quit his job
xdg6YcXxw24-00299-00060024-00060319 find a new career you know and and you
xdg6YcXxw24-00300-00060320-00060447 wouldn't be at all sure
xdg6YcXxw24-00301-00060448-00060606 that you would be giving them the right
xdg6YcXxw24-00302-00060607-00060775 advice um and
xdg6YcXxw24-00303-00060776-00060894 you could put them on medicines but
xdg6YcXxw24-00304-00060895-00061087 they're often very toxic
xdg6YcXxw24-00305-00061088-00061271 so sure enough ended up calling all of
xdg6YcXxw24-00306-00061272-00061399 the other cardiologists i know
xdg6YcXxw24-00307-00061400-00061623 who care about genetic diseases uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00308-00061624-00061726 eventually found
xdg6YcXxw24-00309-00061727-00061926 another case of a patient somewhere else
xdg6YcXxw24-00310-00061927-00062087 that had the same variant and had also
xdg6YcXxw24-00311-00062088-00062230 had cardiac arrest
xdg6YcXxw24-00312-00062232-00062526 and while being far from conclusive um
xdg6YcXxw24-00313-00062527-00062606 really
xdg6YcXxw24-00314-00062607-00062847 is the kind of thing that um it smells
xdg6YcXxw24-00315-00062848-00062991 good enough that you say
xdg6YcXxw24-00316-00062991-00063150 you know until proven otherwise we
xdg6YcXxw24-00317-00063151-00063406 believe that this is the cause
xdg6YcXxw24-00318-00063407-00063582 so when you think about all the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00319-00063583-00063711 technologies we have
xdg6YcXxw24-00320-00063712-00063966 and all of the social networks um the
xdg6YcXxw24-00321-00063967-00064150 fact that something is important to this
xdg6YcXxw24-00322-00064151-00064479 really came down to just you know making
xdg6YcXxw24-00323-00064479-00064647 phone calls and having
xdg6YcXxw24-00324-00064648-00064791 other friends that are interested in
xdg6YcXxw24-00325-00064791-00065015 this is really a tragedy you know you
xdg6YcXxw24-00326-00065016-00065071 should really
xdg6YcXxw24-00327-00065072-00065319 be having databases that are queryable
xdg6YcXxw24-00328-00065320-00065503 where you can search by genotype and
xdg6YcXxw24-00329-00065504-00065679 find other patients and figure this out
xdg6YcXxw24-00330-00065680-00065975 in a much more automated and rapid way
xdg6YcXxw24-00331-00065976-00066199 and so you know this kind of caused me
xdg6YcXxw24-00332-00066200-00066391 to pivot and really spend instead of
xdg6YcXxw24-00333-00066392-00066559 going into more kind of fundamental
xdg6YcXxw24-00334-00066560-00066791 academic research really focus on
xdg6YcXxw24-00335-00066792-00067031 building a team that is dedicated to
xdg6YcXxw24-00336-00067032-00067287 sharing of genomic and clinical data and
xdg6YcXxw24-00337-00067288-00067406 applying that knowledge
xdg6YcXxw24-00338-00067407-00067606 to important problems in the care of
xdg6YcXxw24-00339-00067607-00067879 patients
xdg6YcXxw24-00340-00067880-00068071 what a wonderful wonderful story or
xdg6YcXxw24-00341-00068072-00068231 powerful story
xdg6YcXxw24-00342-00068232-00068631 um and leads us really into the topic of
xdg6YcXxw24-00343-00068632-00068919 you know we often don't get a full
xdg6YcXxw24-00344-00068920-00069126 history before an appointment
xdg6YcXxw24-00345-00069127-00069535 and or aren't able to necessarily track
xdg6YcXxw24-00346-00069536-00069638 health outcomes
xdg6YcXxw24-00347-00069639-00069871 after an appointment so we don't get a
xdg6YcXxw24-00348-00069872-00070063 holistic view of people
xdg6YcXxw24-00349-00070064-00070375 which leads to incomplete care
xdg6YcXxw24-00350-00070376-00070694 really or less than optimal care it can
xdg6YcXxw24-00351-00070695-00070894 also drive health disparities how
xdg6YcXxw24-00352-00070895-00071167 talk to us about how we can leverage
xdg6YcXxw24-00353-00071168-00071406 health data to put people
xdg6YcXxw24-00354-00071407-00071687 whole and to have a more comprehensive
xdg6YcXxw24-00355-00071688-00071735 view
xdg6YcXxw24-00356-00071736-00071935 and ability to take care of them over
xdg6YcXxw24-00357-00071936-00072159 time and space and for their health
xdg6YcXxw24-00358-00072160-00072591 for their health to be empowered
xdg6YcXxw24-00359-00072592-00072806 do you want me to take that maybe let's
xdg6YcXxw24-00360-00072807-00073271 have a listen but first
xdg6YcXxw24-00361-00073272-00073575 um you know i think um
xdg6YcXxw24-00362-00073576-00073743 you know i really love this topic
xdg6YcXxw24-00363-00073744-00073943 because we're in such an emergent time
xdg6YcXxw24-00364-00073944-00074191 of the patient becoming the center
xdg6YcXxw24-00365-00074192-00074423 of their their health universe rather
xdg6YcXxw24-00366-00074424-00074511 than
xdg6YcXxw24-00367-00074512-00074743 this piecemeal set of records that live
xdg6YcXxw24-00368-00074744-00074919 out in the world about them
xdg6YcXxw24-00369-00074920-00075199 um there's uh obviously a lot of
xdg6YcXxw24-00370-00075200-00075294 technology
xdg6YcXxw24-00371-00075295-00075575 needs that are yet to be met and there's
xdg6YcXxw24-00372-00075576-00075719 a lot of
xdg6YcXxw24-00373-00075720-00076031 regulatory and sort of process
xdg6YcXxw24-00374-00076032-00076311 issues that still exist and furthermore
xdg6YcXxw24-00375-00076312-00076359 the
xdg6YcXxw24-00376-00076360-00076662 as as you said susan
xdg6YcXxw24-00377-00076663-00076982 the the the fact of the matter is that
xdg6YcXxw24-00378-00076983-00077023 we
xdg6YcXxw24-00379-00077024-00077311 we get such a brief snapshot of of the
xdg6YcXxw24-00380-00077312-00077511 patient in their clinical encounter
xdg6YcXxw24-00381-00077512-00077791 that we um that we really don't know
xdg6YcXxw24-00382-00077792-00077982 what's going on in their real world on a
xdg6YcXxw24-00383-00077983-00078094 day-to-day
xdg6YcXxw24-00384-00078095-00078294 and then even in that context of that
xdg6YcXxw24-00385-00078295-00078399 clinical encounter
xdg6YcXxw24-00386-00078400-00078575 you know we don't have the full picture
xdg6YcXxw24-00387-00078576-00078750 and we ask the same questions
xdg6YcXxw24-00388-00078751-00078950 every time a patient comes in on a piece
xdg6YcXxw24-00389-00078951-00079223 of paper
xdg6YcXxw24-00390-00079224-00079399 you know about their family history and
xdg6YcXxw24-00391-00079400-00079543 then when their family history doesn't
xdg6YcXxw24-00392-00079544-00079615 agree
xdg6YcXxw24-00393-00079616-00079799 from the last time they were there or at
xdg6YcXxw24-00394-00079800-00079982 some other clinic we don't even notice
xdg6YcXxw24-00395-00079983-00080094 because they've
xdg6YcXxw24-00396-00080095-00080438 not um you know they've not reported it
xdg6YcXxw24-00397-00080439-00080671 in a consistent way so you know it's
xdg6YcXxw24-00398-00080672-00080823 very hard to track things like which
xdg6YcXxw24-00399-00080824-00080959 drugs are they taking
xdg6YcXxw24-00400-00080960-00081119 family history issues like anthony
xdg6YcXxw24-00401-00081120-00081279 talked about but also
xdg6YcXxw24-00402-00081280-00081494 other kinds of data like thinking about
xdg6YcXxw24-00403-00081495-00081662 the fact that you know when a patient
xdg6YcXxw24-00404-00081663-00081791 comes into the clinic
xdg6YcXxw24-00405-00081792-00082050 and um you know we do some medical
xdg6YcXxw24-00406-00082051-00082294 imaging we do genomics
xdg6YcXxw24-00407-00082295-00082511 um these data then might might actually
xdg6YcXxw24-00408-00082512-00082743 if we're lucky go to research databases
xdg6YcXxw24-00409-00082744-00082871 where they can be used but they're
xdg6YcXxw24-00410-00082872-00083111 separated from from their clinical data
xdg6YcXxw24-00411-00083112-00083311 so it's hard to know um what the
xdg6YcXxw24-00412-00083312-00083526 relevancy of any patterns that we might
xdg6YcXxw24-00413-00083527-00083599 see
xdg6YcXxw24-00414-00083600-00083862 in those data really are and then from
xdg6YcXxw24-00415-00083863-00084047 the perspective of the patient
xdg6YcXxw24-00416-00084048-00084311 you know thinking about um all the other
xdg6YcXxw24-00417-00084312-00084494 kinds of data that might exist
xdg6YcXxw24-00418-00084495-00084687 out there like their dental data or
xdg6YcXxw24-00419-00084688-00084831 their vision data
xdg6YcXxw24-00420-00084832-00085047 um or other kinds of public health data
xdg6YcXxw24-00421-00085048-00085279 that um might be really informative like
xdg6YcXxw24-00422-00085280-00085399 do they live near
xdg6YcXxw24-00423-00085400-00085662 you know um a fuel plant that might have
xdg6YcXxw24-00424-00085663-00085862 a certain kind of exposure
xdg6YcXxw24-00425-00085863-00086031 this kind of information can be really
xdg6YcXxw24-00426-00086032-00086175 critically important for
xdg6YcXxw24-00427-00086176-00086479 diagnostics and for you know managing
xdg6YcXxw24-00428-00086480-00086543 care
xdg6YcXxw24-00429-00086544-00086759 but we you know clinicians rarely have
xdg6YcXxw24-00430-00086760-00086967 access to those kinds of data
xdg6YcXxw24-00431-00086968-00087118 in hand for their for their patients
xdg6YcXxw24-00432-00087119-00087326 either and i really think that
xdg6YcXxw24-00433-00087327-00087606 that one of the key ways that we're
xdg6YcXxw24-00434-00087607-00087638 going to
xdg6YcXxw24-00435-00087639-00087926 overcome this challenge is to move to a
xdg6YcXxw24-00436-00087927-00088047 system where the patient
xdg6YcXxw24-00437-00088048-00088287 becomes the center of the of their their
xdg6YcXxw24-00438-00088288-00088406 data universe rather
xdg6YcXxw24-00439-00088407-00088638 than this this spotty collection of
xdg6YcXxw24-00440-00088639-00088806 information that lives out
xdg6YcXxw24-00441-00088807-00089038 um in the clinical and and public world
xdg6YcXxw24-00442-00089039-00089135 about them
xdg6YcXxw24-00443-00089136-00089318 so um so i think it's an exciting time
xdg6YcXxw24-00444-00089319-00089511 especially uh now with
xdg6YcXxw24-00445-00089512-00089711 covid really sort of pushing on some of
xdg6YcXxw24-00446-00089712-00089967 these technologies rapidly so
xdg6YcXxw24-00447-00089968-00090167 i think we can expect to see some some
xdg6YcXxw24-00448-00090168-00090359 changes in that in that spectrum moving
xdg6YcXxw24-00449-00090360-00090711 forward
xdg6YcXxw24-00450-00090712-00091015 um yeah so many thoughts on this topic
xdg6YcXxw24-00451-00091016-00091279 um so i think one of the things that's
xdg6YcXxw24-00452-00091280-00091438 unfortunately true
xdg6YcXxw24-00453-00091439-00091759 is um the way that we have approached
xdg6YcXxw24-00454-00091760-00091855 the construction
xdg6YcXxw24-00455-00091856-00092150 of electronic medical records has been
xdg6YcXxw24-00456-00092151-00092231 centered
xdg6YcXxw24-00457-00092232-00092591 first on billing and the n of one
xdg6YcXxw24-00458-00092592-00092703 patient
xdg6YcXxw24-00459-00092704-00093006 and second about um
xdg6YcXxw24-00460-00093007-00093182 being able to utilize predictive
xdg6YcXxw24-00461-00093183-00093382 analytics um and the end of many
xdg6YcXxw24-00462-00093383-00093487 patients
xdg6YcXxw24-00463-00093488-00093655 and so you know when you think about
xdg6YcXxw24-00464-00093656-00093847 just the way that we organize the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00465-00093848-00094150 on a patient it's very set up around
xdg6YcXxw24-00466-00094151-00094294 each encounter that happens in the
xdg6YcXxw24-00467-00094295-00094487 healthcare system
xdg6YcXxw24-00468-00094488-00094679 and it's also very if you get your care
xdg6YcXxw24-00469-00094680-00094838 in different healthcare systems
xdg6YcXxw24-00470-00094839-00095015 can be very difficult to move it from
xdg6YcXxw24-00471-00095016-00095206 one place to another
xdg6YcXxw24-00472-00095207-00095374 one of the examples i find kind of most
xdg6YcXxw24-00473-00095375-00095574 amazing is uh my hospital brigham
xdg6YcXxw24-00474-00095575-00095726 women's hospital
xdg6YcXxw24-00475-00095727-00095911 is physically connected to boston
xdg6YcXxw24-00476-00095912-00096079 children's hospital you can walk from
xdg6YcXxw24-00477-00096080-00096199 one to the other without actually
xdg6YcXxw24-00478-00096200-00096382 physically going outside
xdg6YcXxw24-00479-00096383-00096599 um so i stopped practicing about a year
xdg6YcXxw24-00480-00096600-00096862 ago but until then i was and uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00481-00096863-00097055 it was amazing to me that i had a lot of
xdg6YcXxw24-00482-00097056-00097238 patients that would be taken care of at
xdg6YcXxw24-00483-00097239-00097335 children's hospital
xdg6YcXxw24-00484-00097336-00097655 until they were 18 years old uh and then
xdg6YcXxw24-00485-00097656-00097799 when it came time to transfer their care
xdg6YcXxw24-00486-00097800-00097894 to the brigham
xdg6YcXxw24-00487-00097895-00098079 i you know they could walk from one
xdg6YcXxw24-00488-00098080-00098255 building to the next but when it came to
xdg6YcXxw24-00489-00098256-00098391 their medical records they would have to
xdg6YcXxw24-00490-00098392-00098479 print them out
xdg6YcXxw24-00491-00098480-00098711 and carry them over uh there was no way
xdg6YcXxw24-00492-00098712-00098838 to transfer them
xdg6YcXxw24-00493-00098839-00099071 and then of course i would receive uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00494-00099072-00099271 you know something like a thousand pages
xdg6YcXxw24-00495-00099272-00099582 of uh you know notes about a patient uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00496-00099583-00099767 and in the course of a single clinic
xdg6YcXxw24-00497-00099768-00099926 visit would have to try and
xdg6YcXxw24-00498-00099927-00100174 make my way through them uh and then i
xdg6YcXxw24-00499-00100175-00100238 would write
xdg6YcXxw24-00500-00100239-00100455 a single note that summarized everything
xdg6YcXxw24-00501-00100456-00100662 that happened to them from the age of 0
xdg6YcXxw24-00502-00100663-00100918 to 18 that essentially then would become
xdg6YcXxw24-00503-00100919-00101079 the source of record for their care
xdg6YcXxw24-00504-00101080-00101311 going forward in this hospital
xdg6YcXxw24-00505-00101312-00101559 oh my goodness what a terrible situation
xdg6YcXxw24-00506-00101560-00101623 you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00507-00101624-00101847 obviously it's a lot of pressure on the
xdg6YcXxw24-00508-00101848-00101926 clinician
xdg6YcXxw24-00509-00101927-00102087 there's a huge amount of information
xdg6YcXxw24-00510-00102088-00102279 that is lost along the way
xdg6YcXxw24-00511-00102280-00102478 uh and you know this is not even
xdg6YcXxw24-00512-00102479-00102630 beginning to scratch the surface
xdg6YcXxw24-00513-00102631-00102863 on all sorts of other data types that
xdg6YcXxw24-00514-00102864-00103015 are incredibly important
xdg6YcXxw24-00515-00103016-00103215 to a patient that don't even exist
xdg6YcXxw24-00516-00103216-00103390 inside of a medical record
xdg6YcXxw24-00517-00103391-00103606 for example your grocery bill probably
xdg6YcXxw24-00518-00103607-00103751 contains a lot of very important
xdg6YcXxw24-00519-00103752-00103806 information
xdg6YcXxw24-00520-00103807-00104094 about your future health outcomes um as
xdg6YcXxw24-00521-00104095-00104278 does lots of things about
xdg6YcXxw24-00522-00104279-00104478 your environmental situation and who you
xdg6YcXxw24-00523-00104479-00104590 live with and
xdg6YcXxw24-00524-00104591-00104895 who you're caring for and so when it
xdg6YcXxw24-00525-00104896-00105095 comes to caring for patients
xdg6YcXxw24-00526-00105096-00105286 even the data we have access to from the
xdg6YcXxw24-00527-00105288-00105486 electronic medical records is very poor
xdg6YcXxw24-00528-00105488-00105695 and very low fidelity and often wrong
xdg6YcXxw24-00529-00105696-00105815 and then there's a whole world of
xdg6YcXxw24-00530-00105816-00105990 additional data types
xdg6YcXxw24-00531-00105991-00106271 that we would really like to utilize and
xdg6YcXxw24-00532-00106272-00106543 just don't have access to
xdg6YcXxw24-00533-00106544-00106710 so i think honestly this is the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00534-00106711-00106847 challenge of our time and i'm sure
xdg6YcXxw24-00535-00106848-00106975 during the course of this we'll talk
xdg6YcXxw24-00536-00106976-00107119 about sort of various ways
xdg6YcXxw24-00537-00107120-00107310 uh the situation might be improved going
xdg6YcXxw24-00538-00107311-00107495 forward
xdg6YcXxw24-00539-00107496-00107639 you know i want to expand on that and
xdg6YcXxw24-00540-00107640-00107807 personalize it a little bit
xdg6YcXxw24-00541-00107808-00108031 in terms of you know you have to be part
xdg6YcXxw24-00542-00108032-00108166 of a medical school or university
xdg6YcXxw24-00543-00108167-00108286 medical center
xdg6YcXxw24-00544-00108288-00108534 or a hospital system in order to access
xdg6YcXxw24-00545-00108535-00108639 electronic
xdg6YcXxw24-00546-00108640-00108895 health record data it's problematic for
xdg6YcXxw24-00547-00108896-00109095 schools such as arizona state university
xdg6YcXxw24-00548-00109096-00109286 and northern arizona university
xdg6YcXxw24-00549-00109288-00109454 that don't have medical schools or
xdg6YcXxw24-00550-00109455-00109599 university hospitals
xdg6YcXxw24-00551-00109600-00109958 you've both been pioneers in you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00552-00109959-00110143 exchange efforts that aim to increase
xdg6YcXxw24-00553-00110144-00110278 data sharing between hospitals and
xdg6YcXxw24-00554-00110279-00110375 researchers
xdg6YcXxw24-00555-00110376-00110502 i'd love you to talk about your
xdg6YcXxw24-00556-00110503-00110823 experiences experiences with this
xdg6YcXxw24-00557-00110824-00111015 both in regard to what you see are
xdg6YcXxw24-00558-00111016-00111175 successes
xdg6YcXxw24-00559-00111176-00111447 and where are the obstacles that um
xdg6YcXxw24-00560-00111448-00111486 you're
xdg6YcXxw24-00561-00111488-00111847 hoping to overcome
xdg6YcXxw24-00562-00111848-00112095 terrific um you know i definitely know
xdg6YcXxw24-00563-00112096-00112207 that we need to talk about
xdg6YcXxw24-00564-00112208-00112439 the matchmaker exchange that ansi and i
xdg6YcXxw24-00565-00112440-00112510 have both
xdg6YcXxw24-00566-00112511-00112823 worked on together um so this is a
xdg6YcXxw24-00567-00112824-00112975 an initiative that's part of the global
xdg6YcXxw24-00568-00112976-00113158 alliance for genomics and health
xdg6YcXxw24-00569-00113159-00113431 and this is a global consortium that's
xdg6YcXxw24-00570-00113432-00113678 dedicated towards bringing
xdg6YcXxw24-00571-00113679-00113863 genomic health technologies to everyone
xdg6YcXxw24-00572-00113864-00114031 around the world um with
xdg6YcXxw24-00573-00114032-00114223 kind of it's very technical community
xdg6YcXxw24-00574-00114224-00114423 really kind of focused on data sharing
xdg6YcXxw24-00575-00114424-00114654 and data interoperability but also
xdg6YcXxw24-00576-00114655-00114927 regulatory differences across countries
xdg6YcXxw24-00577-00114928-00115095 and making it so that we can overcome
xdg6YcXxw24-00578-00115096-00115247 some of those barriers
xdg6YcXxw24-00579-00115248-00115383 and one of the initiatives is the
xdg6YcXxw24-00580-00115383-00115566 matchmaker exchange which
xdg6YcXxw24-00581-00115567-00115854 really aims to support um as anthony was
xdg6YcXxw24-00582-00115855-00116015 talking about
xdg6YcXxw24-00583-00116016-00116343 finding patients that have similar
xdg6YcXxw24-00584-00116344-00116647 phenotypes and similar genotypes across
xdg6YcXxw24-00585-00116648-00117015 the world and it's been very successful
xdg6YcXxw24-00586-00117016-00117239 at you know helping to find the n of two
xdg6YcXxw24-00587-00117240-00117358 and confirm
xdg6YcXxw24-00588-00117359-00117566 candidate variants which have led to in
xdg6YcXxw24-00589-00117567-00117686 some cases
xdg6YcXxw24-00590-00117688-00117895 you know identification of treatments
xdg6YcXxw24-00591-00117896-00118063 and care that have helped improve the
xdg6YcXxw24-00592-00118064-00118254 lives of those nf1 patients
xdg6YcXxw24-00593-00118255-00118463 um and so that's very exciting and a
xdg6YcXxw24-00594-00118464-00118671 truly wonderful success and it really
xdg6YcXxw24-00595-00118672-00118847 takes a village to have built
xdg6YcXxw24-00596-00118848-00119166 that kind of community around the world
xdg6YcXxw24-00597-00119167-00119327 you know some of the challenges still
xdg6YcXxw24-00598-00119328-00119519 though are that you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00599-00119520-00119902 not every participating site
xdg6YcXxw24-00600-00119903-00120086 really shares very much of the phenotype
xdg6YcXxw24-00601-00120088-00120286 information and so really
xdg6YcXxw24-00602-00120288-00120454 we've been working very hard to think
xdg6YcXxw24-00603-00120455-00120607 about how we can share
xdg6YcXxw24-00604-00120608-00120814 structured phenotype information i'm
xdg6YcXxw24-00605-00120815-00121054 also in the global alliance for genomics
xdg6YcXxw24-00606-00121055-00121134 and health
xdg6YcXxw24-00607-00121135-00121358 with a resource called pheno packets
xdg6YcXxw24-00608-00121359-00121558 which can sort of enhance the way that
xdg6YcXxw24-00609-00121559-00121751 we share variant information
xdg6YcXxw24-00610-00121752-00121919 with structured phenotype information
xdg6YcXxw24-00611-00121920-00122223 that's de-identified in such a way that
xdg6YcXxw24-00612-00122224-00122414 you could just post them on facebook you
xdg6YcXxw24-00613-00122415-00122607 could put them into your journal
xdg6YcXxw24-00614-00122608-00122727 articles
xdg6YcXxw24-00615-00122728-00122951 and in that way kind of make that
xdg6YcXxw24-00616-00122952-00123127 phenotypic information about an
xdg6YcXxw24-00617-00123128-00123199 individual
xdg6YcXxw24-00618-00123200-00123351 much more computable so we have these
xdg6YcXxw24-00619-00123352-00123534 wonderful knowledge bases
xdg6YcXxw24-00620-00123535-00123783 that help us understand it at a sort of
xdg6YcXxw24-00621-00123783-00123902 population level
xdg6YcXxw24-00622-00123903-00124207 patients have this variant tend to
xdg6YcXxw24-00623-00124208-00124423 have this set of phenotypes but we don't
xdg6YcXxw24-00624-00124424-00124631 really understand
xdg6YcXxw24-00625-00124632-00124902 specific individuals and the variability
xdg6YcXxw24-00626-00124903-00125039 of those phenotypes and when you're
xdg6YcXxw24-00627-00125040-00125214 talking about rare genetic diseases you
xdg6YcXxw24-00628-00125215-00125334 really want to understand
xdg6YcXxw24-00629-00125335-00125527 that sort of heterogeneity of phenotypic
xdg6YcXxw24-00630-00125528-00125639 information
xdg6YcXxw24-00631-00125640-00125831 so that's that's really i think you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00632-00125832-00125983 one of the areas that we need to head
xdg6YcXxw24-00633-00125983-00126031 towards
xdg6YcXxw24-00634-00126032-00126263 is making it so that the information
xdg6YcXxw24-00635-00126264-00126383 both about the variance and the
xdg6YcXxw24-00636-00126383-00126599 phenotypic information can be
xdg6YcXxw24-00637-00126600-00126823 more broadly shared um and in a
xdg6YcXxw24-00638-00126824-00127031 de-identified manner as well as in a
xdg6YcXxw24-00639-00127032-00127151 more
xdg6YcXxw24-00640-00127152-00127343 you know kind of closed environment like
xdg6YcXxw24-00641-00127344-00127575 the matchmaker exchange has established
xdg6YcXxw24-00642-00127576-00127639 um
xdg6YcXxw24-00643-00127640-00127927 and then also just really focusing on
xdg6YcXxw24-00644-00127928-00128119 more of the longitudinal phenotypic
xdg6YcXxw24-00645-00128120-00128343 information so that we can understand
xdg6YcXxw24-00646-00128344-00128583 individual level disease courses with
xdg6YcXxw24-00647-00128583-00128766 these patients with these variants
xdg6YcXxw24-00648-00128767-00129110 in a in a way that's you know secure
xdg6YcXxw24-00649-00129111-00129286 and completely de-identified but where
xdg6YcXxw24-00650-00129288-00129502 the knowledge of individuals is actually
xdg6YcXxw24-00651-00129503-00129607 shared
xdg6YcXxw24-00652-00129608-00129934 um i think the other thing um
xdg6YcXxw24-00653-00129935-00130063 well maybe i'll let anthony talk about
xdg6YcXxw24-00654-00130064-00130175 that but i think we should talk about
xdg6YcXxw24-00655-00130176-00130295 ehr data
xdg6YcXxw24-00656-00130296-00130654 after that and sharing hr data
xdg6YcXxw24-00657-00130655-00130902 sure and and uh thank you uh so i i
xdg6YcXxw24-00658-00130903-00131047 totally agree with melissa you know it's
xdg6YcXxw24-00659-00131048-00131159 been a real pleasure
xdg6YcXxw24-00660-00131160-00131375 um i was very much for the people who
xdg6YcXxw24-00661-00131376-00131551 got the matchmaker exchange going along
xdg6YcXxw24-00662-00131552-00131639 with melissa
xdg6YcXxw24-00663-00131640-00131814 i have been less involved with it with
xdg6YcXxw24-00664-00131815-00131999 it lately because honestly it's doing so
xdg6YcXxw24-00665-00132000-00132054 well
xdg6YcXxw24-00666-00132055-00132359 that i felt like uh you know there were
xdg6YcXxw24-00667-00132360-00132551 there are problems to fix uh whereas
xdg6YcXxw24-00668-00132552-00132695 this one was so functional that it
xdg6YcXxw24-00669-00132696-00132783 you know i don't know that i had
xdg6YcXxw24-00670-00132784-00133031 anything to offer um you know another
xdg6YcXxw24-00671-00133032-00133159 effort that i think has been quite
xdg6YcXxw24-00672-00133160-00133247 successful
xdg6YcXxw24-00673-00133248-00133431 and this kind of gets into sharing of
xdg6YcXxw24-00674-00133432-00133583 emr data
xdg6YcXxw24-00675-00133584-00133775 is an effort that arizona as a state is
xdg6YcXxw24-00676-00133776-00133902 actually very involved in
xdg6YcXxw24-00677-00133903-00134190 uh called the all of us cohort program
xdg6YcXxw24-00678-00134191-00134231 uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00679-00134232-00134366 so you know as you know this is an
xdg6YcXxw24-00680-00134367-00134527 effort to recruit a million or more
xdg6YcXxw24-00681-00134528-00134639 americans
xdg6YcXxw24-00682-00134640-00134790 and get full medical records on them
xdg6YcXxw24-00683-00134791-00134959 full genome sequences followed
xdg6YcXxw24-00684-00134960-00135247 longitudinally for decades uh you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00685-00135248-00135311 and actually
xdg6YcXxw24-00686-00135312-00135543 banner healthcare in arizona is is one
xdg6YcXxw24-00687-00135544-00135743 of the key recruiting sites actually
xdg6YcXxw24-00688-00135744-00135959 uh honestly from my perspective has been
xdg6YcXxw24-00689-00135960-00136095 one of the most successful and high
xdg6YcXxw24-00690-00136096-00136214 performing ones which
xdg6YcXxw24-00691-00136215-00136495 is great to see um and so you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00692-00136496-00136639 that's another effort where there are
xdg6YcXxw24-00693-00136640-00136790 already more than 250
xdg6YcXxw24-00694-00136791-00137071 000 people recruited uh and all the
xdg6YcXxw24-00695-00137072-00137214 sites that they're recruiting from are
xdg6YcXxw24-00696-00137215-00137359 are sending their medical records to a
xdg6YcXxw24-00697-00137360-00137590 place where researchers can access it
xdg6YcXxw24-00698-00137591-00137735 and importantly the way that this being
xdg6YcXxw24-00699-00137736-00137902 done has some notable features
xdg6YcXxw24-00700-00137903-00138159 um any qualified researcher can access
xdg6YcXxw24-00701-00138160-00138214 the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00702-00138215-00138383 um every quarter there's a new release
xdg6YcXxw24-00703-00138384-00138575 of it uh and it's not just the
xdg6YcXxw24-00704-00138576-00138719 researchers that are funded by the
xdg6YcXxw24-00705-00138720-00138799 consortium
xdg6YcXxw24-00706-00138800-00139014 can access it so it's it's a very
xdg6YcXxw24-00707-00139015-00139159 different model that really is kind of
xdg6YcXxw24-00708-00139160-00139327 much more conducive to broad data
xdg6YcXxw24-00709-00139328-00139495 sharing than we've seen in the past
xdg6YcXxw24-00710-00139496-00139614 uh you know there's a phrase that
xdg6YcXxw24-00711-00139615-00139814 epidemiologists like to be buried with
xdg6YcXxw24-00712-00139815-00139895 their data
xdg6YcXxw24-00713-00139896-00140063 i i very much hope that that's a relic
xdg6YcXxw24-00714-00140064-00140247 of the past in terms of the way with
xdg6YcXxw24-00715-00140248-00140519 medical research will go forward
xdg6YcXxw24-00716-00140520-00140671 you know one of the things i think susan
xdg6YcXxw24-00717-00140672-00140887 had also said about is
xdg6YcXxw24-00718-00140888-00141214 areas where there's need for improvement
xdg6YcXxw24-00719-00141215-00141647 and i think we need to reconceptualize
xdg6YcXxw24-00720-00141648-00141735 how we think about
xdg6YcXxw24-00721-00141736-00142031 data ownership in healthcare and this is
xdg6YcXxw24-00722-00142032-00142126 kind of true on
xdg6YcXxw24-00723-00142127-00142383 on two levels one is you know i think we
xdg6YcXxw24-00724-00142384-00142463 should get
xdg6YcXxw24-00725-00142464-00142631 more to a mindset that the patient is
xdg6YcXxw24-00726-00142632-00142814 the owner of their data
xdg6YcXxw24-00727-00142815-00143078 not the medical center or the insurance
xdg6YcXxw24-00728-00143079-00143239 company that paid for it
xdg6YcXxw24-00729-00143240-00143399 um and again i think we'll talk about
xdg6YcXxw24-00730-00143400-00143543 this more so i won't say too much about
xdg6YcXxw24-00731-00143544-00143639 it now
xdg6YcXxw24-00732-00143640-00143863 but there's another um area that i think
xdg6YcXxw24-00733-00143864-00144039 is very important and it will sound
xdg6YcXxw24-00734-00144040-00144271 kind of wonky and technical but i
xdg6YcXxw24-00735-00144272-00144407 actually think a lot of kind of
xdg6YcXxw24-00736-00144408-00144663 sociologic change will follow from it
xdg6YcXxw24-00737-00144664-00144959 uh and that is you know i really hope
xdg6YcXxw24-00738-00144960-00145126 that healthcare starts to embrace
xdg6YcXxw24-00739-00145127-00145335 uh cloud computing especially public
xdg6YcXxw24-00740-00145336-00145495 clouds much more
xdg6YcXxw24-00741-00145496-00145671 and the reason i say this is not because
xdg6YcXxw24-00742-00145672-00145839 i'm you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00743-00145840-00146023 trying to send more money to you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00744-00146024-00146335 alphabet or amazon or microsoft
xdg6YcXxw24-00745-00146336-00146654 but rather because uh you know right now
xdg6YcXxw24-00746-00146655-00146814 when we talk about data ownership we
xdg6YcXxw24-00747-00146815-00147063 often conflate three things
xdg6YcXxw24-00748-00147064-00147311 so one thing is to own the computers
xdg6YcXxw24-00749-00147312-00147519 that the data is stored on
xdg6YcXxw24-00750-00147520-00147759 uh another thing is to be able to use
xdg6YcXxw24-00751-00147760-00147831 the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00752-00147832-00148102 for some research or commercial purpose
xdg6YcXxw24-00753-00148103-00148223 and then the third thing
xdg6YcXxw24-00754-00148224-00148414 is to be able to control who can who
xdg6YcXxw24-00755-00148415-00148647 else can access the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00756-00148648-00148911 and so you know when you put data on a
xdg6YcXxw24-00757-00148912-00149111 data center at a hospital
xdg6YcXxw24-00758-00149112-00149302 all three of those things end up being
xdg6YcXxw24-00759-00149303-00149511 conflated with one another
xdg6YcXxw24-00760-00149512-00149695 and it's very very difficult to have
xdg6YcXxw24-00761-00149696-00149831 real data sharing happen
xdg6YcXxw24-00762-00149832-00150063 beyond the boundaries of the hospital
xdg6YcXxw24-00763-00150064-00150175 whereas um
xdg6YcXxw24-00764-00150176-00150502 when you put data in public clouds uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00765-00150503-00150847 now the you're no longer owning the the
xdg6YcXxw24-00766-00150848-00151063 the computers that the data is stored on
xdg6YcXxw24-00767-00151064-00151151 and really
xdg6YcXxw24-00768-00151152-00151319 you know it's much easier it's much
xdg6YcXxw24-00769-00151320-00151543 harder rather for researchers to hide
xdg6YcXxw24-00770-00151544-00151671 behind
xdg6YcXxw24-00771-00151672-00151871 saying i can't share the data because i
xdg6YcXxw24-00772-00151872-00152063 can't give you access to my data center
xdg6YcXxw24-00773-00152064-00152295 or because my security department blocks
xdg6YcXxw24-00774-00152296-00152487 it all sorts of things like that
xdg6YcXxw24-00775-00152488-00152814 so i do see cloud computing is a real
xdg6YcXxw24-00776-00152815-00152951 force for change
xdg6YcXxw24-00777-00152952-00153151 in how we think about the accessibility
xdg6YcXxw24-00778-00153152-00153551 of medical data
xdg6YcXxw24-00779-00153552-00153783 yeah and i i guess i'd like to follow up
xdg6YcXxw24-00780-00153784-00153863 on that too
xdg6YcXxw24-00781-00153864-00154126 you know i think we've been doing a lot
xdg6YcXxw24-00782-00154127-00154343 of work recently for covid
xdg6YcXxw24-00783-00154344-00154543 on a project called the national covet
xdg6YcXxw24-00784-00154544-00154719 cohort collaborative which is
xdg6YcXxw24-00785-00154720-00155078 um trying to extract well it is
xdg6YcXxw24-00786-00155079-00155166 extracting
xdg6YcXxw24-00787-00155167-00155511 ehr data from now upwards of 70
xdg6YcXxw24-00788-00155512-00155854 institutions nationwide and
xdg6YcXxw24-00789-00155855-00156078 taking those those electronic health
xdg6YcXxw24-00790-00156079-00156175 record data
xdg6YcXxw24-00791-00156176-00156535 and um leveraging the work that was done
xdg6YcXxw24-00792-00156536-00156751 in the communities that anthony already
xdg6YcXxw24-00793-00156752-00156926 mentioned like all of us in the odyssey
xdg6YcXxw24-00794-00156927-00157031 community
xdg6YcXxw24-00795-00157032-00157183 where each of those individual
xdg6YcXxw24-00796-00157184-00157423 institutions has been
xdg6YcXxw24-00797-00157424-00157647 putting their ehr data into a common
xdg6YcXxw24-00798-00157648-00157790 clinical data model
xdg6YcXxw24-00799-00157791-00157959 so that they can be queried in a
xdg6YcXxw24-00800-00157960-00158143 distributed fashion
xdg6YcXxw24-00801-00158144-00158495 so that that allows for so for example
xdg6YcXxw24-00802-00158496-00158702 for any of the all of us sites to
xdg6YcXxw24-00803-00158703-00158926 to run a query how many patients you
xdg6YcXxw24-00804-00158927-00159111 know are on ventilators longer than a
xdg6YcXxw24-00805-00159112-00159239 week right
xdg6YcXxw24-00806-00159240-00159390 and you can get that answer back from
xdg6YcXxw24-00807-00159391-00159583 each hospital that participates in the
xdg6YcXxw24-00808-00159584-00159759 odyssey community
xdg6YcXxw24-00809-00159760-00160047 and that's been an absolutely fantastic
xdg6YcXxw24-00810-00160048-00160214 resource
xdg6YcXxw24-00811-00160215-00160375 and there are multiple net research
xdg6YcXxw24-00812-00160376-00160519 networks like this the
xdg6YcXxw24-00813-00160520-00160839 coronet act odyssey and also a
xdg6YcXxw24-00814-00160840-00160926 commercial
xdg6YcXxw24-00815-00160927-00161119 vendor trinetics that supports the same
xdg6YcXxw24-00816-00161120-00161247 kinds of things and so there's a lot of
xdg6YcXxw24-00817-00161248-00161390 efforts to support
xdg6YcXxw24-00818-00161391-00161663 this distributed querying but one of the
xdg6YcXxw24-00819-00161664-00161743 problems
xdg6YcXxw24-00820-00161744-00161943 and is that well there's two there's two
xdg6YcXxw24-00821-00161944-00162159 key problems that i think we're starting
xdg6YcXxw24-00822-00162160-00162366 to understand how to overcome
xdg6YcXxw24-00823-00162367-00162719 one is is that you can't do machine
xdg6YcXxw24-00824-00162720-00162975 learning and large kind of data set
xdg6YcXxw24-00825-00162976-00163159 applications in these contexts you
xdg6YcXxw24-00826-00163160-00163502 you you can do some statistical
xdg6YcXxw24-00827-00163503-00163614 and some machine learning types of
xdg6YcXxw24-00828-00163615-00163751 applications but you can't really do
xdg6YcXxw24-00829-00163752-00163902 some of the big data
xdg6YcXxw24-00830-00163903-00164238 ai type applications on these very small
xdg6YcXxw24-00831-00164239-00164463 you know queries they're just really
xdg6YcXxw24-00832-00164464-00164663 distributed query networks for the most
xdg6YcXxw24-00833-00164664-00164775 part and then you can
xdg6YcXxw24-00834-00164776-00165014 uh you know perform static statistics on
xdg6YcXxw24-00835-00165015-00165135 those queries if you have enough
xdg6YcXxw24-00836-00165136-00165311 hospitals participating
xdg6YcXxw24-00837-00165312-00165559 but what you can do is you can take
xdg6YcXxw24-00838-00165560-00165638 those data
xdg6YcXxw24-00839-00165639-00165975 that have already been formatted in that
xdg6YcXxw24-00840-00165976-00166278 common data model and align those common
xdg6YcXxw24-00841-00166279-00166447 data models and merge all those data
xdg6YcXxw24-00842-00166448-00166566 together into one
xdg6YcXxw24-00843-00166567-00166887 giant data set and so this is what we've
xdg6YcXxw24-00844-00166888-00166943 done for
xdg6YcXxw24-00845-00166944-00167087 for covid and it's been a very
xdg6YcXxw24-00846-00167088-00167302 interesting process both from a
xdg6YcXxw24-00847-00167303-00167478 regulatory perspective
xdg6YcXxw24-00848-00167479-00167654 as well as a data management and data
xdg6YcXxw24-00849-00167655-00167863 harmonization perspective even data
xdg6YcXxw24-00850-00167864-00168175 coming from the same data model
xdg6YcXxw24-00851-00168176-00168359 models that you know loads the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00852-00168360-00168543 differently like we we can't even
xdg6YcXxw24-00853-00168544-00168726 represent things like weight with the
xdg6YcXxw24-00854-00168727-00168807 same units
xdg6YcXxw24-00855-00168808-00169095 it's astonishingly different um across
xdg6YcXxw24-00856-00169096-00169238 different institutions
xdg6YcXxw24-00857-00169239-00169502 and so when we look back now at how
xdg6YcXxw24-00858-00169503-00169663 those distributed queries are working
xdg6YcXxw24-00859-00169664-00169847 you think about the degree of quality
xdg6YcXxw24-00860-00169848-00169975 assurance and
xdg6YcXxw24-00861-00169976-00170159 harmonization that has to happen on the
xdg6YcXxw24-00862-00170160-00170359 query level well we can actually
xdg6YcXxw24-00863-00170360-00170559 when we look at all of the data all at
xdg6YcXxw24-00864-00170560-00170711 once we actually have this this
xdg6YcXxw24-00865-00170712-00170895 opportunity
xdg6YcXxw24-00866-00170896-00171095 to really help each of those individual
xdg6YcXxw24-00867-00171096-00171311 individual institutions
xdg6YcXxw24-00868-00171312-00171438 improve their overall alignment with
xdg6YcXxw24-00869-00171439-00171575 each other whether we're using the
xdg6YcXxw24-00870-00171576-00171743 distributed model
xdg6YcXxw24-00871-00171744-00172007 uh or this sort of harmonized aggregate
xdg6YcXxw24-00872-00172008-00172063 model and
xdg6YcXxw24-00873-00172064-00172238 and the nice thing about this this
xdg6YcXxw24-00874-00172239-00172366 aggregate
xdg6YcXxw24-00875-00172367-00172559 model is not only can we deploy some you
xdg6YcXxw24-00876-00172560-00172702 know really much more modern
xdg6YcXxw24-00877-00172703-00172887 um ai and machine learning types of
xdg6YcXxw24-00878-00172888-00173078 applications but it's in the cloud and
xdg6YcXxw24-00879-00173079-00173295 we can actually provision access to it
xdg6YcXxw24-00880-00173296-00173511 um to a fairly broad set of researchers
xdg6YcXxw24-00881-00173512-00173711 so long as they are working on cobit and
xdg6YcXxw24-00882-00173712-00173983 have the proper access permission so
xdg6YcXxw24-00883-00173984-00174311 it's been a real you know the pandemic
xdg6YcXxw24-00884-00174312-00174495 has really created this unique
xdg6YcXxw24-00885-00174496-00174702 opportunity to
xdg6YcXxw24-00886-00174703-00174943 really grow our capacity to share
xdg6YcXxw24-00887-00174944-00175111 electronic health record data for
xdg6YcXxw24-00888-00175112-00175390 research purposes
xdg6YcXxw24-00889-00175391-00175511 well there's there's a lot there to
xdg6YcXxw24-00890-00175512-00175695 actually expand upon and
xdg6YcXxw24-00891-00175696-00175887 you know i'd love you to talk more
xdg6YcXxw24-00892-00175888-00176078 because the national collaborative
xdg6YcXxw24-00893-00176079-00176359 m3c is a big deal and the you know the
xdg6YcXxw24-00894-00176360-00176519 open science community
xdg6YcXxw24-00895-00176520-00176775 that you know the fact that we know that
xdg6YcXxw24-00896-00176776-00176951 research and medical management will
xdg6YcXxw24-00897-00176952-00177111 progress faster if data and knowledge
xdg6YcXxw24-00898-00177112-00177383 are openly shared can you expand on
xdg6YcXxw24-00899-00177384-00177647 on that concept and tell us more about
xdg6YcXxw24-00900-00177648-00177766 how it's going with
xdg6YcXxw24-00901-00177767-00177983 and what's being produced from the
xdg6YcXxw24-00902-00177984-00178271 national kobe collaborative
xdg6YcXxw24-00903-00178272-00178687 um sure so i think you know um
xdg6YcXxw24-00904-00178688-00178990 you know we're you know it's i guess
xdg6YcXxw24-00905-00178991-00179031 it's a
xdg6YcXxw24-00906-00179032-00179151 there's a lot there's a lot of questions
xdg6YcXxw24-00907-00179152-00179431 in there too you know i think
xdg6YcXxw24-00908-00179432-00179775 uh it's it's a very interesting social
xdg6YcXxw24-00909-00179776-00180087 experiment uh frankly to
xdg6YcXxw24-00910-00180088-00180390 understand you know how to help best
xdg6YcXxw24-00911-00180391-00180526 support
xdg6YcXxw24-00912-00180527-00180726 the participants that are are working on
xdg6YcXxw24-00913-00180727-00180975 the data and the institutional side
xdg6YcXxw24-00914-00180976-00181238 as well as the the um folks who are
xdg6YcXxw24-00915-00181239-00181335 working on the
xdg6YcXxw24-00916-00181336-00181590 analysis side and there's sort of this
xdg6YcXxw24-00917-00181591-00181863 whole pipe of data quality and data
xdg6YcXxw24-00918-00181864-00182078 processing and data harmonization that
xdg6YcXxw24-00919-00182079-00182247 has to happen
xdg6YcXxw24-00920-00182248-00182471 and then even just to analyze the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00921-00182472-00182702 we need people who were
xdg6YcXxw24-00922-00182703-00182878 you know helping at the source of the
xdg6YcXxw24-00923-00182879-00183047 data to also help analyze the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00924-00183048-00183175 because they understand a lot of the
xdg6YcXxw24-00925-00183176-00183247 nuances
xdg6YcXxw24-00926-00183248-00183511 of the data but it really takes a
xdg6YcXxw24-00927-00183512-00183614 village in terms
xdg6YcXxw24-00928-00183615-00183983 of the analysis as well and how
xdg6YcXxw24-00929-00183984-00184183 you know bringing together clinical
xdg6YcXxw24-00930-00184184-00184343 experts
xdg6YcXxw24-00931-00184344-00184551 statistics experts people who are
xdg6YcXxw24-00932-00184552-00184743 experts in machine learning people are
xdg6YcXxw24-00933-00184744-00184919 experts in terminologies and data model
xdg6YcXxw24-00934-00184920-00184999 harmonization
xdg6YcXxw24-00935-00185000-00185302 and the in the individual sources
xdg6YcXxw24-00936-00185303-00185695 um and then you know really deploying
xdg6YcXxw24-00937-00185696-00185943 um you know sort of standard informatics
xdg6YcXxw24-00938-00185944-00186047 techniques in us
xdg6YcXxw24-00939-00186048-00186359 in a reproducible way you know one of
xdg6YcXxw24-00940-00186360-00186478 the
xdg6YcXxw24-00941-00186479-00186695 for folks in the audience who might be
xdg6YcXxw24-00942-00186696-00186838 familiar there were a couple really
xdg6YcXxw24-00943-00186839-00186975 important retractions
xdg6YcXxw24-00944-00186976-00187183 um in the new england journal of
xdg6YcXxw24-00945-00187184-00187295 medicine and lancet
xdg6YcXxw24-00946-00187296-00187599 over observational studies on ehr data
xdg6YcXxw24-00947-00187600-00187671 that was
xdg6YcXxw24-00948-00187672-00187838 that were fully non-transparent and
xdg6YcXxw24-00949-00187839-00187983 non-reproducible
xdg6YcXxw24-00950-00187984-00188223 um and even some of the authors didn't
xdg6YcXxw24-00951-00188224-00188383 actually view the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00952-00188384-00188543 um that on these articles that were
xdg6YcXxw24-00953-00188544-00188702 published and this is this is really the
xdg6YcXxw24-00954-00188703-00188814 problem as you were just
xdg6YcXxw24-00955-00188815-00188999 saying susan like a lot it's hard to get
xdg6YcXxw24-00956-00189000-00189190 your hands on data even if you're like
xdg6YcXxw24-00957-00189191-00189271 an expert an
xdg6YcXxw24-00958-00189272-00189543 author on a paper um and so one of the
xdg6YcXxw24-00959-00189544-00189654 really exciting
xdg6YcXxw24-00960-00189655-00189990 things about the the n3c is that the
xdg6YcXxw24-00961-00189991-00190190 the entire workflows for the analytics
xdg6YcXxw24-00962-00190191-00190407 and the data sets and all of their
xdg6YcXxw24-00963-00190408-00190711 provenance and versioning and sources
xdg6YcXxw24-00964-00190712-00190943 are are fully reproducible and
xdg6YcXxw24-00965-00190944-00191126 transparent to any reviewers of any
xdg6YcXxw24-00966-00191127-00191295 manuscript that that want to go and
xdg6YcXxw24-00967-00191296-00191454 reproduce those workflows
xdg6YcXxw24-00968-00191455-00191631 that doesn't mean that you can just go
xdg6YcXxw24-00969-00191632-00191814 in there and look at everybody's data
xdg6YcXxw24-00970-00191815-00192007 and it doesn't mean that we have uh you
xdg6YcXxw24-00971-00192008-00192126 know we we've stripped
xdg6YcXxw24-00972-00192127-00192487 out um as many of the hipaa identifiers
xdg6YcXxw24-00973-00192488-00192519 uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00974-00192520-00192911 as we can and only kept um
xdg6YcXxw24-00975-00192912-00193111 uh the two that are most important for
xdg6YcXxw24-00976-00193112-00193350 studying pandemic response um which is
xdg6YcXxw24-00977-00193351-00193399 uh
xdg6YcXxw24-00978-00193400-00193695 service dates um and uh geo codes
xdg6YcXxw24-00979-00193696-00193854 because obviously those are important
xdg6YcXxw24-00980-00193855-00193975 for understanding a
xdg6YcXxw24-00981-00193976-00194278 pandemic um but you know the you know
xdg6YcXxw24-00982-00194279-00194375 and so there's
xdg6YcXxw24-00983-00194376-00194638 you know this kind of oniony layer of
xdg6YcXxw24-00984-00194639-00194887 access permissions and you have a data
xdg6YcXxw24-00985-00194888-00195078 access committee that's responsible for
xdg6YcXxw24-00986-00195079-00195238 judging whether or not the research
xdg6YcXxw24-00987-00195239-00195366 you're proposing
xdg6YcXxw24-00988-00195367-00195695 requires those hipaa identifiers or not
xdg6YcXxw24-00989-00195696-00195975 we're also generating synthetic data so
xdg6YcXxw24-00990-00195976-00196023 that
xdg6YcXxw24-00991-00196024-00196326 a much larger community can use the data
xdg6YcXxw24-00992-00196327-00196638 much more broadly but
xdg6YcXxw24-00993-00196639-00196831 at the end of the day whether you're
xdg6YcXxw24-00994-00196832-00197023 using the synthetic data or
xdg6YcXxw24-00995-00197024-00197256 the
xdg6YcXxw24-00996-00197257-00197383 [Music]
xdg6YcXxw24-00997-00197384-00197559 tier one data which has those hipaa
xdg6YcXxw24-00998-00197560-00197750 identifiers in it
xdg6YcXxw24-00999-00197751-00197926 the full workflows will be reproducible
xdg6YcXxw24-01000-00197927-00198126 so that when we publish science on
xdg6YcXxw24-01001-00198127-00198335 these sensitive data they can actually
xdg6YcXxw24-01002-00198336-00198502 be transparent and reproducible and we
xdg6YcXxw24-01003-00198503-00198550 can
xdg6YcXxw24-01004-00198551-00198735 evaluate the science based on the on the
xdg6YcXxw24-01005-00198736-00198999 true data rather than on hearsay
xdg6YcXxw24-01006-00199000-00199111 so i think that's one of the most
xdg6YcXxw24-01007-00199112-00199343 exciting things about about the entrance
xdg6YcXxw24-01008-00199344-00199607 as well as giving people attribution for
xdg6YcXxw24-01009-00199608-00199671 the
xdg6YcXxw24-01010-00199672-00199926 many hands that it takes to so part of
xdg6YcXxw24-01011-00199927-00200087 the part of reproducibility is also
xdg6YcXxw24-01012-00200088-00200254 knowing everyone who helped and
xdg6YcXxw24-01013-00200255-00200647 and um tracking their contributions
xdg6YcXxw24-01014-00200648-00200959 yeah there's a there's a question from a
xdg6YcXxw24-01015-00200960-00201111 pre-med student that's related to this
xdg6YcXxw24-01016-00201112-00201183 and
xdg6YcXxw24-01017-00201184-00201519 in to have you expanded it more they ask
xdg6YcXxw24-01018-00201520-00201647 what concerns with health
xdg6YcXxw24-01019-00201648-00201814 information privacy may come up in the
xdg6YcXxw24-01020-00201815-00202038 improvements in data sharing
xdg6YcXxw24-01021-00202039-00202247 are there risks patients would
xdg6YcXxw24-01022-00202248-00202407 rightfully want to avoid that would make
xdg6YcXxw24-01023-00202408-00202438 them
xdg6YcXxw24-01024-00202439-00202647 opt out and how can we convince people
xdg6YcXxw24-01025-00202648-00203102 to opt in
xdg6YcXxw24-01026-00203103-00203271 sure i can take this and i think it's a
xdg6YcXxw24-01027-00203272-00203438 great question um and
xdg6YcXxw24-01028-00203439-00203711 have kind of mini thoughts on this so
xdg6YcXxw24-01029-00203712-00203814 you know first
xdg6YcXxw24-01030-00203815-00203959 one of the things i've kind of come to
xdg6YcXxw24-01031-00203960-00204135 believe is that um
xdg6YcXxw24-01032-00204136-00204311 you know information security in some
xdg6YcXxw24-01033-00204312-00204471 ways is um
xdg6YcXxw24-01034-00204472-00204654 not so different than security in the
xdg6YcXxw24-01035-00204655-00204806 physical world
xdg6YcXxw24-01036-00204807-00205071 and there are things that we um prevent
xdg6YcXxw24-01037-00205071-00205166 by policy
xdg6YcXxw24-01038-00205167-00205398 and retrospectively punishing and then
xdg6YcXxw24-01039-00205400-00205486 there are things that
xdg6YcXxw24-01040-00205487-00205766 um we try to prospectively prevent so
xdg6YcXxw24-01041-00205767-00205919 you know concretely
xdg6YcXxw24-01042-00205919-00206175 we put cameras in a convenience store to
xdg6YcXxw24-01043-00206176-00206342 prevent it gets shoplifting
xdg6YcXxw24-01044-00206344-00206519 but we put metal detectors at the
xdg6YcXxw24-01045-00206519-00206655 airport you know because the
xdg6YcXxw24-01046-00206656-00206790 ramifications of
xdg6YcXxw24-01047-00206791-00206927 something wrong there are so much
xdg6YcXxw24-01048-00206928-00207214 greater um and so when you chose try to
xdg6YcXxw24-01049-00207215-00207303 prospectively
xdg6YcXxw24-01050-00207304-00207646 prevent you know you often create a lot
xdg6YcXxw24-01051-00207648-00207775 of friction in the system
xdg6YcXxw24-01052-00207776-00208079 but it also can often be worth it um you
xdg6YcXxw24-01053-00208080-00208214 know a lot of things that i think
xdg6YcXxw24-01054-00208215-00208414 i you know we've been talking about
xdg6YcXxw24-01055-00208415-00208655 today are friction points that don't
xdg6YcXxw24-01056-00208656-00208710 actually
xdg6YcXxw24-01057-00208711-00208958 improve security they're much more
xdg6YcXxw24-01058-00208959-00209094 around kind of
xdg6YcXxw24-01059-00209096-00209390 incentive structures that are perverse
xdg6YcXxw24-01060-00209391-00209598 in various ways honestly
xdg6YcXxw24-01061-00209600-00209846 but the risks that you point to of this
xdg6YcXxw24-01062-00209848-00210023 is often very sensitive very private
xdg6YcXxw24-01063-00210023-00210079 data
xdg6YcXxw24-01064-00210080-00210310 that should not be seen by everyone in
xdg6YcXxw24-01065-00210311-00210439 the world
xdg6YcXxw24-01066-00210440-00210703 and it really should only be seen by
xdg6YcXxw24-01067-00210704-00210782 someone
xdg6YcXxw24-01068-00210783-00211015 who's a bona fide researcher who's
xdg6YcXxw24-01069-00211016-00211198 trying to use it to improve science and
xdg6YcXxw24-01070-00211200-00211351 medicine
xdg6YcXxw24-01071-00211352-00211527 and who will only be publishing
xdg6YcXxw24-01072-00211528-00211758 aggregate level insights
xdg6YcXxw24-01073-00211759-00212063 that i don't betray anything that you
xdg6YcXxw24-01074-00212064-00212134 don't want
xdg6YcXxw24-01075-00212135-00212406 i generally know about you and so
xdg6YcXxw24-01076-00212407-00212519 setting up
xdg6YcXxw24-01077-00212519-00212791 the both the policies and the
xdg6YcXxw24-01078-00212792-00212967 technologies
xdg6YcXxw24-01079-00212967-00213263 to both kind of minimize friction and
xdg6YcXxw24-01080-00213264-00213342 that
xdg6YcXxw24-01081-00213344-00213646 protect research participants
xdg6YcXxw24-01082-00213648-00213855 is a very challenging thing and in some
xdg6YcXxw24-01083-00213856-00213998 ways i think that this is
xdg6YcXxw24-01084-00214000-00214255 the data challenge of our time is to get
xdg6YcXxw24-01085-00214256-00214351 this right
xdg6YcXxw24-01086-00214352-00214494 you know and something for example that
xdg6YcXxw24-01087-00214496-00214679 i've seen kind of people go back and
xdg6YcXxw24-01088-00214680-00214719 forth
xdg6YcXxw24-01089-00214719-00214887 even over the events of the last two
xdg6YcXxw24-01090-00214888-00215134 years with cambridge analytica and stuff
xdg6YcXxw24-01091-00215135-00215375 when all of us first got going uh there
xdg6YcXxw24-01092-00215376-00215455 was a real
xdg6YcXxw24-01093-00215456-00215815 push towards um being able to empower
xdg6YcXxw24-01094-00215816-00216031 so-called citizen scientists which is
xdg6YcXxw24-01095-00216032-00216167 scientists from outside of medical
xdg6YcXxw24-01096-00216167-00216246 centers
xdg6YcXxw24-01097-00216248-00216367 who might be able to make great
xdg6YcXxw24-01098-00216367-00216567 discoveries uh and i think
xdg6YcXxw24-01099-00216567-00216791 everyone agrees that that's a laudable
xdg6YcXxw24-01100-00216792-00216879 and um
xdg6YcXxw24-01101-00216880-00217127 appropriate thing to do you know but
xdg6YcXxw24-01102-00217128-00217263 then there's the reverse which is
xdg6YcXxw24-01103-00217264-00217487 do you also agree that we don't want uh
xdg6YcXxw24-01104-00217488-00217671 a foreign cyber terrorist
xdg6YcXxw24-01105-00217671-00217863 uh accessing your data and publishing
xdg6YcXxw24-01106-00217864-00218071 your whole re-identifying you by joining
xdg6YcXxw24-01107-00218071-00218231 to external data sets
xdg6YcXxw24-01108-00218232-00218439 and then publishing it um in a way that
xdg6YcXxw24-01109-00218440-00218615 can't be pulled back
xdg6YcXxw24-01110-00218616-00218839 well of course uh you know that is also
xdg6YcXxw24-01111-00218840-00218934 very uh
xdg6YcXxw24-01112-00218935-00219182 important and you know it turns out
xdg6YcXxw24-01113-00219183-00219310 trying to figure out
xdg6YcXxw24-01114-00219311-00219663 um the you know brilliant altruistic
xdg6YcXxw24-01115-00219664-00219934 18 year old researcher in russia who's
xdg6YcXxw24-01116-00219935-00220015 trying to do
xdg6YcXxw24-01117-00220016-00220391 uh great things and the cyber terrorist
xdg6YcXxw24-01118-00220392-00220519 in russia that is trying to do
xdg6YcXxw24-01119-00220519-00220767 malfeasance uh can be very difficult to
xdg6YcXxw24-01120-00220767-00220919 separate
xdg6YcXxw24-01121-00220919-00221094 one of the things that i think the world
xdg6YcXxw24-01122-00221096-00221223 should really get to
xdg6YcXxw24-01123-00221223-00221439 is an accreditation per system for
xdg6YcXxw24-01124-00221440-00221551 researchers
xdg6YcXxw24-01125-00221552-00221679 you know this is what we do in
xdg6YcXxw24-01126-00221680-00221894 healthcare where in order to deliver
xdg6YcXxw24-01127-00221896-00221958 care of
xdg6YcXxw24-01128-00221959-00222175 almost any kind you have to have some
xdg6YcXxw24-01129-00222176-00222334 kind of accreditation
xdg6YcXxw24-01130-00222335-00222615 and if you do wrong um there are legal
xdg6YcXxw24-01131-00222616-00222710 repercussions
xdg6YcXxw24-01132-00222711-00222958 for it getting to something very similar
xdg6YcXxw24-01133-00222959-00223055 for researchers
xdg6YcXxw24-01134-00223056-00223215 where there's you know formal ethics
xdg6YcXxw24-01135-00223216-00223391 training and to some extent you have it
xdg6YcXxw24-01136-00223392-00223519 you have city courses and stuff like
xdg6YcXxw24-01137-00223519-00223575 that
xdg6YcXxw24-01138-00223576-00223727 but something with a bit more that's a
xdg6YcXxw24-01139-00223728-00223951 bit more formalized and regulated
xdg6YcXxw24-01140-00223952-00224151 and it also has some legal teeth behind
xdg6YcXxw24-01141-00224152-00224303 it when there's malfeasance
xdg6YcXxw24-01142-00224304-00224463 uh i think this is a very important
xdg6YcXxw24-01143-00224464-00224775 thing for us to get to
xdg6YcXxw24-01144-00224776-00225015 i just want to uh add on to what anthony
xdg6YcXxw24-01145-00225016-00225103 just said i
xdg6YcXxw24-01146-00225104-00225334 i've long thought that we need a
xdg6YcXxw24-01147-00225335-00225463 hippocratic oath
xdg6YcXxw24-01148-00225464-00225703 for research and we do not have that to
xdg6YcXxw24-01149-00225704-00225879 date
xdg6YcXxw24-01150-00225880-00226223 that's a great point um
xdg6YcXxw24-01151-00226223-00226519 go back to you know you talked about the
xdg6YcXxw24-01152-00226519-00226615 data how do
xdg6YcXxw24-01153-00226616-00226998 how do we have data be owned by
xdg6YcXxw24-01154-00227000-00227334 by the individual um
xdg6YcXxw24-01155-00227335-00227527 how do we create those systems that
xdg6YcXxw24-01156-00227528-00227710 really empower patients or what are your
xdg6YcXxw24-01157-00227711-00227863 thoughts on what that system should look
xdg6YcXxw24-01158-00227864-00227998 like to take control of their health
xdg6YcXxw24-01159-00228000-00228167 information
xdg6YcXxw24-01160-00228167-00228534 so that you know and how can doing that
xdg6YcXxw24-01161-00228535-00228806 really improve individual and and
xdg6YcXxw24-01162-00228807-00229167 population health outcomes
xdg6YcXxw24-01163-00229167-00229423 yeah i have a few thoughts here um you
xdg6YcXxw24-01164-00229423-00229591 know one thing i think is interesting is
xdg6YcXxw24-01165-00229592-00229919 um you can donate a lot of things to
xdg6YcXxw24-01166-00229919-00229991 medicine
xdg6YcXxw24-01167-00229992-00230246 uh you can donate you know your organs
xdg6YcXxw24-01168-00230248-00230463 uh you can donate your blood
xdg6YcXxw24-01169-00230464-00230646 uh but you can't actually donate your
xdg6YcXxw24-01170-00230648-00230798 data to medical research
xdg6YcXxw24-01171-00230800-00230982 and you know your data is often what
xdg6YcXxw24-01172-00230983-00231119 medical research honestly
xdg6YcXxw24-01173-00231119-00231439 most needs and i think there's a
xdg6YcXxw24-01174-00231440-00231606 i could imagine an interesting
xdg6YcXxw24-01175-00231607-00231831 confluence of things that might lead to
xdg6YcXxw24-01176-00231832-00232039 a sea change in this issue
xdg6YcXxw24-01177-00232040-00232263 um you know more and more especially
xdg6YcXxw24-01178-00232264-00232431 rare disease and cancer groups
xdg6YcXxw24-01179-00232432-00232639 are kind of saying this very forcefully
xdg6YcXxw24-01180-00232640-00232831 that i i demand to be able to access my
xdg6YcXxw24-01181-00232832-00232982 data and donate it i think that's a
xdg6YcXxw24-01182-00232983-00233110 rallying cry that a lot of people are
xdg6YcXxw24-01183-00233111-00233303 starting to get behind
xdg6YcXxw24-01184-00233304-00233646 um moreover as part of healthcare reform
xdg6YcXxw24-01185-00233648-00233894 so-called meaningful use three there's a
xdg6YcXxw24-01186-00233896-00233998 legal requirement that
xdg6YcXxw24-01187-00234000-00234206 anybody should be allowed to ask for
xdg6YcXxw24-01188-00234207-00234406 their data in a standardized format
xdg6YcXxw24-01189-00234407-00234775 and have it given to them um and
xdg6YcXxw24-01190-00234776-00234991 you know so far that has not really been
xdg6YcXxw24-01191-00234992-00235079 tested
xdg6YcXxw24-01192-00235080-00235255 and most medical systems just
xdg6YcXxw24-01193-00235256-00235455 technically are not set up to be able to
xdg6YcXxw24-01194-00235456-00235527 export
xdg6YcXxw24-01195-00235528-00235671 a medical record in a standardized
xdg6YcXxw24-01196-00235671-00235871 format but
xdg6YcXxw24-01197-00235871-00236079 you know i could imagine a day that
xdg6YcXxw24-01198-00236080-00236231 comes when you start to see
xdg6YcXxw24-01199-00236232-00236494 the rise of a real social movement where
xdg6YcXxw24-01200-00236496-00236591 you know especially
xdg6YcXxw24-01201-00236592-00236879 patients with rare diseases or cancer
xdg6YcXxw24-01202-00236880-00236982 start demanding
xdg6YcXxw24-01203-00236983-00237142 access to their data from medical
xdg6YcXxw24-01204-00237144-00237310 centers and then it be exported
xdg6YcXxw24-01205-00237311-00237558 in standardized form and then you'll
xdg6YcXxw24-01206-00237559-00237751 also see the rise of organizations that
xdg6YcXxw24-01207-00237752-00237823 are there
xdg6YcXxw24-01208-00237823-00238006 ready to catch it and make it available
xdg6YcXxw24-01209-00238007-00238206 to researchers
xdg6YcXxw24-01210-00238207-00238415 this doesn't seem so far-fetched to me
xdg6YcXxw24-01211-00238416-00238591 and i could actually see it being the
xdg6YcXxw24-01212-00238592-00238719 tipping point
xdg6YcXxw24-01213-00238719-00238910 in kind of a reframing of how we think
xdg6YcXxw24-01214-00238911-00239039 about health data
xdg6YcXxw24-01215-00239040-00239287 who owns it who can access it and for
xdg6YcXxw24-01216-00239288-00239734 what purpose
xdg6YcXxw24-01217-00239735-00239998 yeah i think you know um it's funny
xdg6YcXxw24-01218-00240000-00240087 because i
xdg6YcXxw24-01219-00240088-00240358 i have this uh test every time i go to
xdg6YcXxw24-01220-00240359-00240527 the doctor and they make you sign the
xdg6YcXxw24-01221-00240528-00240623 form that says
xdg6YcXxw24-01222-00240623-00240791 that you they won't share your data i
xdg6YcXxw24-01223-00240792-00240942 say no i want to sign the form that says
xdg6YcXxw24-01224-00240944-00241039 i can donate my
xdg6YcXxw24-01225-00241040-00241230 data to medical research and they say we
xdg6YcXxw24-01226-00241231-00241391 don't have that
xdg6YcXxw24-01227-00241392-00241663 so and i i'm waiting for the day when
xdg6YcXxw24-01228-00241664-00241758 that forum
xdg6YcXxw24-01229-00241759-00242039 will appear and i i think that um you
xdg6YcXxw24-01230-00242040-00242119 know that's
xdg6YcXxw24-01231-00242119-00242279 that's really should be the patient's
xdg6YcXxw24-01232-00242280-00242471 choice i should be able to decide when
xdg6YcXxw24-01233-00242471-00242623 and where and with whom
xdg6YcXxw24-01234-00242623-00243023 i share my data um you know and and
xdg6YcXxw24-01235-00243023-00243206 you know even maybe if we start a little
xdg6YcXxw24-01236-00243207-00243391 bit smaller and just say okay
xdg6YcXxw24-01237-00243392-00243591 i would like my data in the health
xdg6YcXxw24-01238-00243592-00243798 system x or in state x
xdg6YcXxw24-01239-00243800-00244079 to be accessible to researchers for
xdg6YcXxw24-01240-00244080-00244134 purpose
xdg6YcXxw24-01241-00244135-00244398 y you know and and to be able to have
xdg6YcXxw24-01242-00244400-00244479 that sort of
xdg6YcXxw24-01243-00244480-00244719 um fine tuning to to make those
xdg6YcXxw24-01244-00244719-00244903 decisions yourself and to do so in an
xdg6YcXxw24-01245-00244904-00245015 informed way
xdg6YcXxw24-01246-00245016-00245167 that's the other thing i think that you
xdg6YcXxw24-01247-00245167-00245398 know even even with you know deposition
xdg6YcXxw24-01248-00245400-00245582 of other kinds of samples
xdg6YcXxw24-01249-00245583-00245871 um you know the consent forms are often
xdg6YcXxw24-01250-00245871-00245967 not very
xdg6YcXxw24-01251-00245967-00246110 you know things are written in small
xdg6YcXxw24-01252-00246111-00246367 print and the ramifications of
xdg6YcXxw24-01253-00246367-00246646 of the use of that those samples are not
xdg6YcXxw24-01254-00246648-00246767 necessarily
xdg6YcXxw24-01255-00246767-00246982 so clear to the patients and with data
xdg6YcXxw24-01256-00246983-00247094 it's even
xdg6YcXxw24-01257-00247096-00247423 more imperative that we really really
xdg6YcXxw24-01258-00247423-00247527 teach people
xdg6YcXxw24-01259-00247528-00247679 what the ramifications are so that they
xdg6YcXxw24-01260-00247680-00247782 can make the best decisions for
xdg6YcXxw24-01261-00247783-00247991 themselves and where genetic data is
xdg6YcXxw24-01262-00247992-00248158 concerned for their families because
xdg6YcXxw24-01263-00248159-00248303 obviously
xdg6YcXxw24-01264-00248304-00248503 when you share your own personal genetic
xdg6YcXxw24-01265-00248504-00248671 data you're also sharing your family's
xdg6YcXxw24-01266-00248671-00248791 genetic data
xdg6YcXxw24-01267-00248792-00248998 um and so there's those implications as
xdg6YcXxw24-01268-00249000-00249279 well but i i completely agree that that
xdg6YcXxw24-01269-00249280-00249527 that the patient needs to become the
xdg6YcXxw24-01270-00249528-00249663 sort of center of those
xdg6YcXxw24-01271-00249664-00249998 those permission giving universes and
xdg6YcXxw24-01272-00250000-00250239 um you know needing to evolve the
xdg6YcXxw24-01273-00250240-00250510 medical systems to be able to support
xdg6YcXxw24-01274-00250511-00250798 um you know you know again it comes back
xdg6YcXxw24-01275-00250800-00250982 to that data harmonization issue and
xdg6YcXxw24-01276-00250983-00251151 standardization issue
xdg6YcXxw24-01277-00251152-00251471 um the sort of processes of data capture
xdg6YcXxw24-01278-00251471-00251734 within any given clinical setting are
xdg6YcXxw24-01279-00251735-00251879 are still just so different
xdg6YcXxw24-01280-00251880-00252191 from setting to setting um that that
xdg6YcXxw24-01281-00252192-00252358 even when we are able to capture the
xdg6YcXxw24-01282-00252359-00252415 data
xdg6YcXxw24-01283-00252416-00252615 out the other end way we're still going
xdg6YcXxw24-01284-00252616-00252839 to have this very large challenge of
xdg6YcXxw24-01285-00252840-00253063 of just not capturing data in the same
xdg6YcXxw24-01286-00253064-00253303 way and it's not very interoperable so
xdg6YcXxw24-01287-00253304-00253527 there's a lot to do on on how data is
xdg6YcXxw24-01288-00253528-00253630 encoded
xdg6YcXxw24-01289-00253631-00253846 at the point of source as well as um
xdg6YcXxw24-01290-00253848-00253975 after it gets
xdg6YcXxw24-01291-00253976-00254367 shared and to go back
xdg6YcXxw24-01292-00254367-00254694 some to what covid has done to our world
xdg6YcXxw24-01293-00254696-00254894 and it's really in some ways there's
xdg6YcXxw24-01294-00254896-00255046 been successes and improved and
xdg6YcXxw24-01295-00255048-00255206 increased speed at which data is shared
xdg6YcXxw24-01296-00255207-00255423 between institutions and sectors
xdg6YcXxw24-01297-00255423-00255671 for instance how quickly the virus was
xdg6YcXxw24-01298-00255671-00255727 um
xdg6YcXxw24-01299-00255728-00255975 sequenced and published in terms of its
xdg6YcXxw24-01300-00255976-00256071 genome
xdg6YcXxw24-01301-00256071-00256351 what do you see are the successes and
xdg6YcXxw24-01302-00256352-00256439 and
xdg6YcXxw24-01303-00256440-00256606 how can we learn from them so that we
xdg6YcXxw24-01304-00256607-00256767 don't sort of go back to old ways of
xdg6YcXxw24-01305-00256767-00257079 doing things
xdg6YcXxw24-01306-00257080-00257391 you want to go first yeah sure um i
xdg6YcXxw24-01307-00257392-00257423 think
xdg6YcXxw24-01308-00257423-00257734 um one of the big successes um honestly
xdg6YcXxw24-01309-00257735-00257998 is and maybe not noticed enough
xdg6YcXxw24-01310-00258000-00258239 is clinical trials and showing uh the
xdg6YcXxw24-01311-00258240-00258367 scope of the possible
xdg6YcXxw24-01312-00258367-00258575 so there was the recovery trial in the
xdg6YcXxw24-01313-00258576-00258703 uk
xdg6YcXxw24-01314-00258704-00259063 that you know got enrolled or got going
xdg6YcXxw24-01315-00259064-00259127 and
xdg6YcXxw24-01316-00259128-00259367 an irb approved and designed in record
xdg6YcXxw24-01317-00259367-00259463 time
xdg6YcXxw24-01318-00259464-00259630 and you know within a matter of months
xdg6YcXxw24-01319-00259631-00259846 of the outbreak was yielding results
xdg6YcXxw24-01320-00259848-00260023 like for example dexamethasone has a
xdg6YcXxw24-01321-00260023-00260198 mortality benefit
xdg6YcXxw24-01322-00260200-00260494 um you know many people i know who are
xdg6YcXxw24-01323-00260496-00260655 seasoned trialist
xdg6YcXxw24-01324-00260656-00260846 thought that moving that quickly would
xdg6YcXxw24-01325-00260848-00261015 be impossible
xdg6YcXxw24-01326-00261016-00261287 and it has become an exemplar that
xdg6YcXxw24-01327-00261288-00261430 actually can be done
xdg6YcXxw24-01328-00261431-00261782 if you have sufficient motivation and
xdg6YcXxw24-01329-00261783-00261934 i think it's an existence proof that
xdg6YcXxw24-01330-00261935-00262103 maybe a lot of aspects of our clinical
xdg6YcXxw24-01331-00262104-00262351 trial apparatus should be rethought
xdg6YcXxw24-01332-00262352-00262534 and then even again you know i i think
xdg6YcXxw24-01333-00262535-00262671 we're all very excited about the results
xdg6YcXxw24-01334-00262672-00262839 that came out on monday from pfizer and
xdg6YcXxw24-01335-00262840-00262958 the vaccine
xdg6YcXxw24-01336-00262959-00263279 and again being able to go from you know
xdg6YcXxw24-01337-00263280-00263503 not knowing the existence of the virus
xdg6YcXxw24-01338-00263504-00263623 in january
xdg6YcXxw24-01339-00263624-00263934 to you know actually having a vaccine
xdg6YcXxw24-01340-00263935-00264263 trialled successfully i is really a
xdg6YcXxw24-01341-00264264-00264358 sight to behold
xdg6YcXxw24-01342-00264359-00264543 and i think you know we as a species
xdg6YcXxw24-01343-00264544-00264695 should feel very proud
xdg6YcXxw24-01344-00264696-00264951 and how far we've come this is one way
xdg6YcXxw24-01345-00264952-00264999 in which
xdg6YcXxw24-01346-00265000-00265167 the current year is very different than
xdg6YcXxw24-01347-00265168-00265310 the spanish flu
xdg6YcXxw24-01348-00265311-00265751 you know long ago yeah
xdg6YcXxw24-01349-00265752-00266063 yeah i think another another area that
xdg6YcXxw24-01350-00266064-00266206 we're thinking about
xdg6YcXxw24-01351-00266207-00266687 um you know just in terms of like
xdg6YcXxw24-01352-00266688-00266919 reconnecting data so if you think about
xdg6YcXxw24-01353-00266920-00267015 how how
xdg6YcXxw24-01354-00267016-00267351 how fast the the genome was sequenced
xdg6YcXxw24-01355-00267352-00267510 and the amount of data sharing that's
xdg6YcXxw24-01356-00267511-00267743 happening for
xdg6YcXxw24-01357-00267744-00268047 you know both host and viral genomes in
xdg6YcXxw24-01358-00268048-00268279 the context of covit is just outstanding
xdg6YcXxw24-01359-00268280-00268358 but again
xdg6YcXxw24-01360-00268359-00268551 it's not connected to the clinical data
xdg6YcXxw24-01361-00268552-00268734 we can share all this genomic data
xdg6YcXxw24-01362-00268735-00268887 over here and then we can share all this
xdg6YcXxw24-01363-00268888-00269063 clinical data over here
xdg6YcXxw24-01364-00269064-00269327 but how do we interpret the changes in
xdg6YcXxw24-01365-00269328-00269447 you know the differences
xdg6YcXxw24-01366-00269448-00269647 in both viral and host genomes with
xdg6YcXxw24-01367-00269648-00269791 clinical outcomes
xdg6YcXxw24-01368-00269792-00270006 and um so i think you know there's some
xdg6YcXxw24-01369-00270007-00270134 some really exciting
xdg6YcXxw24-01370-00270135-00270310 pilots that we're starting now for
xdg6YcXxw24-01371-00270311-00270487 hashing data where we can
xdg6YcXxw24-01372-00270488-00270830 reassociate those patients you know
xdg6YcXxw24-01373-00270831-00271167 host and viral sequences from within an
xdg6YcXxw24-01374-00271168-00271343 institution back with their clinical
xdg6YcXxw24-01375-00271344-00271430 records
xdg6YcXxw24-01376-00271431-00271606 so that we can actually do those larger
xdg6YcXxw24-01377-00271607-00271871 scale multimodal analytics with
xdg6YcXxw24-01378-00271872-00271951 sensitive
xdg6YcXxw24-01379-00271952-00272358 data but only when the institutions
xdg6YcXxw24-01380-00272359-00272727 have the regulatory control um
xdg6YcXxw24-01381-00272728-00272967 for for doing that and so there you know
xdg6YcXxw24-01382-00272968-00273119 i think that's a really exciting
xdg6YcXxw24-01383-00273120-00273358 notion again we it's about putting the
xdg6YcXxw24-01384-00273359-00273487 patient back together again
xdg6YcXxw24-01385-00273488-00273687 um and uh you know similar to the
xdg6YcXxw24-01386-00273688-00273847 imaging data we're doing a pilot with
xdg6YcXxw24-01387-00273848-00273943 that as well
xdg6YcXxw24-01388-00273944-00274230 to to you know think about how do we you
xdg6YcXxw24-01389-00274231-00274399 know leverage
xdg6YcXxw24-01390-00274400-00274615 kind of ai applications on the images
xdg6YcXxw24-01391-00274616-00274847 with the clinical data simultaneously by
xdg6YcXxw24-01392-00274848-00275006 using these types of hashing
xdg6YcXxw24-01393-00275007-00275263 technologies
xdg6YcXxw24-01394-00275264-00275599 and on the point of clinical trials
xdg6YcXxw24-01395-00275600-00275871 common disease clinical trials although
xdg6YcXxw24-01396-00275872-00276023 very much needed are
xdg6YcXxw24-01397-00276024-00276223 often less prioritized than clinical
xdg6YcXxw24-01398-00276224-00276527 trials for rare diseases and cancers
xdg6YcXxw24-01399-00276528-00276799 um why are they important to improve
xdg6YcXxw24-01400-00276800-00276934 population health outcomes
xdg6YcXxw24-01401-00276935-00277110 and and how can we leverage partnerships
xdg6YcXxw24-01402-00277111-00277282 with medical centers to increase
xdg6YcXxw24-01403-00277283-00277671 access in common disease clinical trials
xdg6YcXxw24-01404-00277672-00277887 yeah i think this is a wonderful topic
xdg6YcXxw24-01405-00277888-00278047 and one that i'm very passionate about
xdg6YcXxw24-01406-00278048-00278334 um you know one of the things that i
xdg6YcXxw24-01407-00278335-00278503 started med school in 2001
xdg6YcXxw24-01408-00278504-00278782 uh which is the year that gleevec was
xdg6YcXxw24-01409-00278783-00278855 approved
xdg6YcXxw24-01410-00278856-00279039 and then also the trials for avastin
xdg6YcXxw24-01411-00279040-00279295 which was a anti-geogenesis
xdg6YcXxw24-01412-00279296-00279510 were getting going and i remember
xdg6YcXxw24-01413-00279511-00279599 everyone kind of
xdg6YcXxw24-01414-00279600-00279782 was betting on avastin was the kind of
xdg6YcXxw24-01415-00279783-00279951 cure for many cancers
xdg6YcXxw24-01416-00279952-00280087 and people saw gleevec and they said
xdg6YcXxw24-01417-00280088-00280279 what this is crazy are we going to make
xdg6YcXxw24-01418-00280280-00280423 you know a different drug for every
xdg6YcXxw24-01419-00280424-00280591 mutation and every cancer
xdg6YcXxw24-01420-00280592-00280839 you know we'll need hundreds of drugs um
xdg6YcXxw24-01421-00280840-00280958 and sure enough what's happened over the
xdg6YcXxw24-01422-00280959-00281047 last 20 years
xdg6YcXxw24-01423-00281048-00281295 is that drug development has really
xdg6YcXxw24-01424-00281296-00281534 become focused almost exclusively
xdg6YcXxw24-01425-00281535-00281799 on rare diseases in cancer and that's
xdg6YcXxw24-01426-00281800-00281967 mainly because the cost of running a
xdg6YcXxw24-01427-00281968-00282134 trial for common disease
xdg6YcXxw24-01428-00282135-00282463 is so so large relative to those uh and
xdg6YcXxw24-01429-00282464-00282630 don't get me wrong i'm very in favor of
xdg6YcXxw24-01430-00282631-00282775 drug development for rare diseases in
xdg6YcXxw24-01431-00282776-00282871 cancer
xdg6YcXxw24-01432-00282872-00283071 but i am quite dismayed that when you
xdg6YcXxw24-01433-00283072-00283247 look at the kind of top 10 causes of
xdg6YcXxw24-01434-00283248-00283367 death in the world
xdg6YcXxw24-01435-00283368-00283510 the number of people that are still
xdg6YcXxw24-01436-00283511-00283695 trying to make drugs for heart attack
xdg6YcXxw24-01437-00283696-00283799 stroke
xdg6YcXxw24-01438-00283800-00284079 diabetes is dwindling and you know
xdg6YcXxw24-01439-00284080-00284223 here's an example of why
xdg6YcXxw24-01440-00284224-00284479 um when you look at let's say a typical
xdg6YcXxw24-01441-00284480-00284591 cardiology uh
xdg6YcXxw24-01442-00284592-00284879 trial for mi would typically take 20 000
xdg6YcXxw24-01443-00284880-00284934 patients
xdg6YcXxw24-01444-00284935-00285199 to run it for about five years uh and
xdg6YcXxw24-01445-00285200-00285327 the event rate which is to say the
xdg6YcXxw24-01446-00285328-00285495 number of people who have death or mi or
xdg6YcXxw24-01447-00285496-00285606 stroke
xdg6YcXxw24-01448-00285607-00285830 is often about 10 percent which means
xdg6YcXxw24-01449-00285831-00286030 that ninety percent of your trial
xdg6YcXxw24-01450-00286031-00286375 is wasted um and so you know this is
xdg6YcXxw24-01451-00286376-00286551 quite a statement usually the cost is
xdg6YcXxw24-01452-00286552-00286743 around a billion dollars
xdg6YcXxw24-01453-00286744-00287030 i so a few innovations have happened in
xdg6YcXxw24-01454-00287031-00287167 the last few years that i think are very
xdg6YcXxw24-01455-00287168-00287310 exciting
xdg6YcXxw24-01456-00287311-00287567 the first is you know using genomic and
xdg6YcXxw24-01457-00287568-00287663 clinical data
xdg6YcXxw24-01458-00287664-00287863 to both better select patients that will
xdg6YcXxw24-01459-00287864-00288030 respond to a drug
xdg6YcXxw24-01460-00288031-00288327 and to increase the event rate so that
xdg6YcXxw24-01461-00288328-00288551 now you can run much smaller trials
xdg6YcXxw24-01462-00288552-00288710 and then second is a lot of the work
xdg6YcXxw24-01463-00288711-00288863 that's come out of the uk
xdg6YcXxw24-01464-00288864-00289063 and i mentioned the recovery trial and
xdg6YcXxw24-01465-00289064-00289230 similar other trials
xdg6YcXxw24-01466-00289231-00289439 where pharmaceutical companies have been
xdg6YcXxw24-01467-00289440-00289743 able to partner with the uk government
xdg6YcXxw24-01468-00289744-00289982 access health data to identify patients
xdg6YcXxw24-01469-00289983-00290127 who meet inclusion and exclusion
xdg6YcXxw24-01470-00290128-00290223 criteria
xdg6YcXxw24-01471-00290224-00290439 and therefore run the trial for a much
xdg6YcXxw24-01472-00290440-00290727 smaller cost than would typically be
xdg6YcXxw24-01473-00290728-00290982 expected so i think there's a huge
xdg6YcXxw24-01474-00290983-00291063 opportunity
xdg6YcXxw24-01475-00291064-00291303 for a partnership between medical
xdg6YcXxw24-01476-00291304-00291454 centers and the drug development
xdg6YcXxw24-01477-00291455-00291575 industry
xdg6YcXxw24-01478-00291576-00291815 to you know leverage health data to run
xdg6YcXxw24-01479-00291816-00292071 much more efficient streamline trials
xdg6YcXxw24-01480-00292072-00292223 where we're finding people that will
xdg6YcXxw24-01481-00292224-00292415 most benefit from the drug
xdg6YcXxw24-01482-00292416-00292679 and being able to more rapidly include
xdg6YcXxw24-01483-00292680-00292854 it recruit them into the trial and
xdg6YcXxw24-01484-00292855-00293223 follow them longitudinally
xdg6YcXxw24-01485-00293224-00293423 one of the things that um i'm really
xdg6YcXxw24-01486-00293424-00293567 excited about what you
xdg6YcXxw24-01487-00293568-00293782 and what you just said anthony was was
xdg6YcXxw24-01488-00293783-00293943 really about sort of the
xdg6YcXxw24-01489-00293944-00294158 the inclusion exclusion criteria and how
xdg6YcXxw24-01490-00294159-00294319 do we help support more
xdg6YcXxw24-01491-00294320-00294734 rapid classification of patients so
xdg6YcXxw24-01492-00294735-00294975 really building computable strategies to
xdg6YcXxw24-01493-00294976-00295215 help you know identify
xdg6YcXxw24-01494-00295216-00295471 those patients so that we can run
xdg6YcXxw24-01495-00295472-00295615 smaller trials
xdg6YcXxw24-01496-00295616-00295910 and and iterate in a more sort of nibble
xdg6YcXxw24-01497-00295911-00295982 manner in these
xdg6YcXxw24-01498-00295983-00296143 these trial contexts for more common
xdg6YcXxw24-01499-00296144-00296295 diseases and i think
xdg6YcXxw24-01500-00296296-00296471 that really gets after a more general
xdg6YcXxw24-01501-00296472-00296630 problem of just
xdg6YcXxw24-01502-00296631-00296934 patient classification you know really
xdg6YcXxw24-01503-00296935-00297006 every patient
xdg6YcXxw24-01504-00297007-00297287 is an n of one the question is what are
xdg6YcXxw24-01505-00297288-00297519 the useful classifications that help us
xdg6YcXxw24-01506-00297520-00297703 um you know you know identify the
xdg6YcXxw24-01507-00297704-00297815 correct treatment or the correct
xdg6YcXxw24-01508-00297816-00297975 diagnosis and in the case of
xdg6YcXxw24-01509-00297976-00298223 trials for common diseases that becomes
xdg6YcXxw24-01510-00298224-00298406 critically important to reduce the cost
xdg6YcXxw24-01511-00298407-00298599 and create the nimbleness that is that
xdg6YcXxw24-01512-00298600-00298799 is needed so i think that as some of
xdg6YcXxw24-01513-00298800-00298879 those
xdg6YcXxw24-01514-00298880-00299158 strategies for classification for
xdg6YcXxw24-01515-00299159-00299230 inclusion
xdg6YcXxw24-01516-00299231-00299454 exclusion criteria as well as just you
xdg6YcXxw24-01517-00299455-00299647 know many other aspects of classifying
xdg6YcXxw24-01518-00299648-00299703 patients
xdg6YcXxw24-01519-00299704-00299895 you know really start to to become more
xdg6YcXxw24-01520-00299896-00300047 robust we're going to start to see some
xdg6YcXxw24-01521-00300048-00300119 improvements
xdg6YcXxw24-01522-00300120-00300510 um in that area
xdg6YcXxw24-01523-00300511-00300791 i want to personalize it again and and
xdg6YcXxw24-01524-00300792-00300951 get your thoughts to sort of help
xdg6YcXxw24-01525-00300952-00301054 arizona
xdg6YcXxw24-01526-00301055-00301358 we have a pretty dynamic
xdg6YcXxw24-01527-00301359-00301663 zone in phoenix that
xdg6YcXxw24-01528-00301664-00302047 it's the phoenix biomedical area
xdg6YcXxw24-01529-00302048-00302351 corridor zone we're still working on on
xdg6YcXxw24-01530-00302352-00302463 the name
xdg6YcXxw24-01531-00302464-00302654 but all three universities state
xdg6YcXxw24-01532-00302655-00302830 universities have a presence there in
xdg6YcXxw24-01533-00302831-00302919 health
xdg6YcXxw24-01534-00302920-00303151 edson school of nursing the college of
xdg6YcXxw24-01535-00303152-00303254 health solutions
xdg6YcXxw24-01536-00303255-00303406 the college of medicine university of
xdg6YcXxw24-01537-00303407-00303630 arizona phoenix and northern arizona
xdg6YcXxw24-01538-00303631-00303806 university has
xdg6YcXxw24-01539-00303807-00303999 fabulous programs and physician
xdg6YcXxw24-01540-00304000-00304247 assistants otp et cetera
xdg6YcXxw24-01541-00304248-00304551 how do and and i think
xdg6YcXxw24-01542-00304552-00304854 both of you both in oregon and certainly
xdg6YcXxw24-01543-00304855-00305247 the mit broad harvard hospital systems
xdg6YcXxw24-01544-00305248-00305543 you have to work together how do we
xdg6YcXxw24-01545-00305544-00305743 foster that and leverage particularly
xdg6YcXxw24-01546-00305744-00305919 when it comes to infrastructure
xdg6YcXxw24-01547-00305920-00306206 in the data space what would be your
xdg6YcXxw24-01548-00306207-00306599 pearls of wisdom
xdg6YcXxw24-01549-00306600-00307127 i think anthony already said it cloud
xdg6YcXxw24-01550-00307128-00307399 cloud and really really um excellent
xdg6YcXxw24-01551-00307400-00307615 access and security um
xdg6YcXxw24-01552-00307616-00307975 management um you know it makes things
xdg6YcXxw24-01553-00307976-00308103 go so much easier
xdg6YcXxw24-01554-00308104-00308415 for management but it's not a
xdg6YcXxw24-01555-00308416-00308743 it's not a um you know magic it's not
xdg6YcXxw24-01556-00308744-00308910 it's not magic uh just because you
xdg6YcXxw24-01557-00308911-00308991 haven't
xdg6YcXxw24-01558-00308992-00309119 doesn't make it all happen it takes
xdg6YcXxw24-01559-00309120-00309310 really good governance there's still
xdg6YcXxw24-01560-00309311-00309510 backup issues there's still
xdg6YcXxw24-01561-00309511-00309751 security issues and the like but it does
xdg6YcXxw24-01562-00309752-00309854 make it much
xdg6YcXxw24-01563-00309855-00310063 uh the you know sort of technology-wise
xdg6YcXxw24-01564-00310064-00310223 much easier to share
xdg6YcXxw24-01565-00310224-00310582 sensitive data across institutions
xdg6YcXxw24-01566-00310583-00310839 um yeah i mean definitely agree with
xdg6YcXxw24-01567-00310840-00310903 melissa
xdg6YcXxw24-01568-00310904-00311127 and you know kind of further areas that
xdg6YcXxw24-01569-00311128-00311215 i think are real
xdg6YcXxw24-01570-00311216-00311591 room for opportunity um you know i think
xdg6YcXxw24-01571-00311592-00311895 the analogy of uh how mit
xdg6YcXxw24-01572-00311896-00312087 works with a lot of hospitals in boston
xdg6YcXxw24-01573-00312088-00312223 is an interesting one
xdg6YcXxw24-01574-00312224-00312543 you know mit uh doesn't have a medical
xdg6YcXxw24-01575-00312544-00312639 school
xdg6YcXxw24-01576-00312640-00312854 but it is unquestionably you know one of
xdg6YcXxw24-01577-00312855-00313110 the great centers of medical innovation
xdg6YcXxw24-01578-00313111-00313367 uh and it really was quite aggressive
xdg6YcXxw24-01579-00313368-00313567 about building partnerships with various
xdg6YcXxw24-01580-00313568-00313663 hospitals
xdg6YcXxw24-01581-00313664-00313879 who are eager to tap into the
xdg6YcXxw24-01582-00313880-00314006 intellectual resources of the
xdg6YcXxw24-01583-00314007-00314158 institution
xdg6YcXxw24-01584-00314159-00314334 and you know in particular i think there
xdg6YcXxw24-01585-00314335-00314495 are a few things that arizona state
xdg6YcXxw24-01586-00314496-00314671 really has going for it
xdg6YcXxw24-01587-00314672-00314903 um you know first like mit there's an
xdg6YcXxw24-01588-00314904-00315095 outstanding tradition of engineering
xdg6YcXxw24-01589-00315096-00315375 of all forms uh and also computer
xdg6YcXxw24-01590-00315376-00315582 science computer information systems
xdg6YcXxw24-01591-00315583-00315903 and so you know that's a real resource
xdg6YcXxw24-01592-00315904-00316143 um you know second uh one of the truly
xdg6YcXxw24-01593-00316144-00316230 great healthcare
xdg6YcXxw24-01594-00316231-00316382 or some of the truly great healthcare
xdg6YcXxw24-01595-00316383-00316606 systems in the world are in arizona
xdg6YcXxw24-01596-00316607-00316727 you know you think about the baron
xdg6YcXxw24-01597-00316728-00316903 neurologic institute is you know
xdg6YcXxw24-01598-00316904-00317087 world-class in neurosurgery
xdg6YcXxw24-01599-00317088-00317351 uh mayo clinic has you know which is in
xdg6YcXxw24-01600-00317352-00317534 my opinion honestly maybe the greatest
xdg6YcXxw24-01601-00317535-00317703 american health care system
xdg6YcXxw24-01602-00317704-00317934 has one of its three outposts uh in
xdg6YcXxw24-01603-00317935-00318054 arizona
xdg6YcXxw24-01604-00318055-00318254 um you know i would look to see i guess
xdg6YcXxw24-01605-00318255-00318358 one advice i would have
xdg6YcXxw24-01606-00318359-00318606 is um to really try and build deeper
xdg6YcXxw24-01607-00318607-00318806 relationships with those groups
xdg6YcXxw24-01608-00318807-00318934 and to have a lot of software
xdg6YcXxw24-01609-00318935-00319134 engineering and data science be core to
xdg6YcXxw24-01610-00319135-00319271 them
xdg6YcXxw24-01611-00319272-00319479 you know arizona state is a great home
xdg6YcXxw24-01612-00319480-00319606 for software engineers
xdg6YcXxw24-01613-00319607-00319839 and more so maybe than you know a lot of
xdg6YcXxw24-01614-00319840-00320015 traditional medical institutes
xdg6YcXxw24-01615-00320016-00320175 and so what you know the lack of a
xdg6YcXxw24-01616-00320176-00320382 medical school can actually be in some
xdg6YcXxw24-01617-00320383-00320463 ways um
xdg6YcXxw24-01618-00320464-00320791 more of an opportunity than a challenge
xdg6YcXxw24-01619-00320792-00320830 although
xdg6YcXxw24-01620-00320831-00321119 i will say as again as someone who uh my
xdg6YcXxw24-01621-00321120-00321279 dad was very involved in academic
xdg6YcXxw24-01622-00321280-00321399 administration
xdg6YcXxw24-01623-00321400-00321575 and the number of times uh i hope i
xdg6YcXxw24-01624-00321576-00321758 don't offend anyone that he would say
xdg6YcXxw24-01625-00321759-00321934 the goddamn board of regents still won't
xdg6YcXxw24-01626-00321935-00322087 let asu have a med school
xdg6YcXxw24-01627-00322088-00322430 so i'm sorry about that well i agree
xdg6YcXxw24-01628-00322431-00322582 that there's opportunity without having
xdg6YcXxw24-01629-00322583-00322679 med school
xdg6YcXxw24-01630-00322680-00322958 um well we just have a few more minutes
xdg6YcXxw24-01631-00322959-00323054 and i wonder
xdg6YcXxw24-01632-00323055-00323399 if you both want to just i wouldn't say
xdg6YcXxw24-01633-00323400-00323639 summarize but closing comments in terms
xdg6YcXxw24-01634-00323640-00323975 of data science and health
xdg6YcXxw24-01635-00323976-00324351 as we move forward um well i guess i
xdg6YcXxw24-01636-00324352-00324415 would just
xdg6YcXxw24-01637-00324416-00324575 first of all like to thank everyone for
xdg6YcXxw24-01638-00324576-00324710 joining us today and please don't
xdg6YcXxw24-01639-00324711-00324895 hesitate to reach out
xdg6YcXxw24-01640-00324896-00325030 if you're interested in covid join our
xdg6YcXxw24-01641-00325031-00325182 covid project we need all the help we
xdg6YcXxw24-01642-00325183-00325271 can get
xdg6YcXxw24-01643-00325272-00325582 um but i think you know maybe my closing
xdg6YcXxw24-01644-00325583-00325767 comment would really just be
xdg6YcXxw24-01645-00325768-00326119 you know imagine big there's a lot of
xdg6YcXxw24-01646-00326120-00326295 data out there that is not being
xdg6YcXxw24-01647-00326296-00326399 leveraged
xdg6YcXxw24-01648-00326400-00326654 to maximize health or health research or
xdg6YcXxw24-01649-00326655-00326727 health
xdg6YcXxw24-01650-00326728-00327015 outcomes and it really does take a
xdg6YcXxw24-01651-00327016-00327175 village it takes those
xdg6YcXxw24-01652-00327176-00327471 computer scientists in arizona working
xdg6YcXxw24-01653-00327472-00327630 together with clinicians
xdg6YcXxw24-01654-00327631-00327951 and basic science researchers and um and
xdg6YcXxw24-01655-00327952-00328147 caregivers and public health
xdg6YcXxw24-01656-00328148-00328278 epidemiologists and
xdg6YcXxw24-01657-00328279-00328551 and you know just an army of of
xdg6YcXxw24-01658-00328552-00328743 different areas of expertise
xdg6YcXxw24-01659-00328744-00328958 and the more we can connect our data and
xdg6YcXxw24-01660-00328959-00329119 the more we can
xdg6YcXxw24-01661-00329120-00329287 think big about how we can move data
xdg6YcXxw24-01662-00329288-00329471 around the more value we're going to get
xdg6YcXxw24-01663-00329472-00329782 out of the data yeah
xdg6YcXxw24-01664-00329783-00329943 i mean i would agree very much with
xdg6YcXxw24-01665-00329944-00330110 melissa you know a lot of the things we
xdg6YcXxw24-01666-00330111-00330254 talked about today we talk about things
xdg6YcXxw24-01667-00330255-00330415 that are hard or things that we wish
xdg6YcXxw24-01668-00330416-00330534 were different
xdg6YcXxw24-01669-00330535-00330727 one thing i do hope everyone here feels
xdg6YcXxw24-01670-00330728-00330910 is you know this is a time
xdg6YcXxw24-01671-00330911-00331182 to be tremendously optimistic you know
xdg6YcXxw24-01672-00331183-00331367 one of my kind of passions in life is
xdg6YcXxw24-01673-00331368-00331495 history of science and history of
xdg6YcXxw24-01674-00331496-00331727 mathematics and you know i often kind of
xdg6YcXxw24-01675-00331728-00331910 imagine 200 years from now
xdg6YcXxw24-01676-00331911-00332191 um what will people think about this era
xdg6YcXxw24-01677-00332192-00332223 as
xdg6YcXxw24-01678-00332224-00332391 i wish i was alive then because this
xdg6YcXxw24-01679-00332392-00332591 exciting thing was going on
xdg6YcXxw24-01680-00332592-00332799 and i think that what you know our era
xdg6YcXxw24-01681-00332800-00332927 will be marked by is
xdg6YcXxw24-01682-00332928-00333143 is two intellectual revolutions that
xdg6YcXxw24-01683-00333144-00333327 kind of grew up in parallel
xdg6YcXxw24-01684-00333328-00333543 um you know one is the information
xdg6YcXxw24-01685-00333544-00333719 technology revolution that really
xdg6YcXxw24-01686-00333720-00333903 accelerated in the 90s with
xdg6YcXxw24-01687-00333904-00334078 with internet and then you know
xdg6YcXxw24-01688-00334079-00334215 obviously now into the machine learning
xdg6YcXxw24-01689-00334216-00334319 era
xdg6YcXxw24-01690-00334320-00334478 and then in parallel you have the kind
xdg6YcXxw24-01691-00334479-00334710 of biotechnology revolution with the
xdg6YcXxw24-01692-00334711-00334910 rise of genomics and genome editing and
xdg6YcXxw24-01693-00334911-00335063 recombinant dna and all these other
xdg6YcXxw24-01694-00335064-00335167 things
xdg6YcXxw24-01695-00335168-00335334 and you know what there really is is the
xdg6YcXxw24-01696-00335335-00335534 opportunity for these two
xdg6YcXxw24-01697-00335535-00335782 fields which are independently um
xdg6YcXxw24-01698-00335783-00335887 incredible
xdg6YcXxw24-01699-00335888-00336134 to actually come together and you know i
xdg6YcXxw24-01700-00336135-00336254 assume that because you
xdg6YcXxw24-01701-00336255-00336471 spent an hour uh listening to melissa
xdg6YcXxw24-01702-00336472-00336639 and i you're you're interested in that
xdg6YcXxw24-01703-00336640-00336751 intersection
xdg6YcXxw24-01704-00336752-00336927 and you know i do feel it really is kind
xdg6YcXxw24-01705-00336928-00337071 of chocolate and peanut butter
xdg6YcXxw24-01706-00337072-00337263 um to be someone working in this space
xdg6YcXxw24-01707-00337264-00337695 at this time chocolate and peanut butter
xdg6YcXxw24-01708-00337696-00338006 is a good place to leave off
xdg6YcXxw24-01709-00338007-00338303 you know i love it make sure there's no
xdg6YcXxw24-01710-00338304-00338334 more
xdg6YcXxw24-01711-00338335-00338543 questions i really want to thank you
xdg6YcXxw24-01712-00338544-00338654 both for
xdg6YcXxw24-01713-00338655-00338910 your participation in our series it's
xdg6YcXxw24-01714-00338911-00339215 been really interesting and stimulating
xdg6YcXxw24-01715-00339216-00339367 wonderful to get the two of you together
xdg6YcXxw24-01716-00339368-00339575 as well um
xdg6YcXxw24-01717-00339576-00339734 different sides of the country but both
xdg6YcXxw24-01718-00339735-00339878 working in such an important space and i
xdg6YcXxw24-01719-00339879-00339999 know you already knew each other but
xdg6YcXxw24-01720-00340000-00340063 this was
xdg6YcXxw24-01721-00340064-00340287 this was really fruitful for us so thank
xdg6YcXxw24-01722-00340288-00340463 you both melissa and anthony
xdg6YcXxw24-01723-00340464-00340630 and thank you thank you all of our
xdg6YcXxw24-01724-00340631-00340878 participants um we did tape this so
xdg6YcXxw24-01725-00340879-00340975 it'll be available
xdg6YcXxw24-01726-00340976-00341215 later and we hope you'll join us for
xdg6YcXxw24-01727-00341216-00341343 next week
xdg6YcXxw24-01728-00341344-00341551 our our last in the series of our
xdg6YcXxw24-01729-00341552-00341647 biomedical
xdg6YcXxw24-01730-00341648-00341951 innovation speakers series so
xdg6YcXxw24-01731-00341952-00342247 thank you all and stay safe and well
xdg6YcXxw24-01732-00342248-00342563 thank you susan
xdg6YcXxw24-01733-00342564-00342864 bye
xfbxOWYO8qE-00000-00000125-00000671 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00001-00000672-00000862 welcome back to our channel guys if you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00002-00000863-00001031 ask someone what tops their travel
xfbxOWYO8qE-00003-00001032-00001303 bucket list chances are the maldives is
xfbxOWYO8qE-00004-00001304-00001566 high up there the maldives is synonymous
xfbxOWYO8qE-00005-00001567-00001798 with crystal clear waters insane marine
xfbxOWYO8qE-00006-00001800-00001951 life and some of the most luxurious
xfbxOWYO8qE-00007-00001952-00002191 resorts you've ever seen what people
xfbxOWYO8qE-00008-00002192-00002334 don't know is that you can actually
xfbxOWYO8qE-00009-00002335-00002534 experience the maldi's on somewhat of a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00010-00002535-00002847 budget with over 1200 islands making up
xfbxOWYO8qE-00011-00002848-00003102 the maldives and over 130 different
xfbxOWYO8qE-00012-00003103-00003343 resorts in this video we will take you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00013-00003344-00003519 to three different types of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00014-00003520-00003695 accommodation in the maldives from your
xfbxOWYO8qE-00015-00003696-00003935 budget-friendly option boutique luxury
xfbxOWYO8qE-00016-00003936-00004135 and one of the most luxurious island
xfbxOWYO8qE-00017-00004136-00004359 resorts available if you're new here we
xfbxOWYO8qE-00018-00004360-00004567 are james and alex we travel full-time
xfbxOWYO8qE-00019-00004568-00004735 capturing places around the world and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00020-00004736-00004935 sharing these experiences with you if
xfbxOWYO8qE-00021-00004936-00005086 you have a spare couple seconds we'd
xfbxOWYO8qE-00022-00005087-00005231 really appreciate it if you could hit
xfbxOWYO8qE-00023-00005232-00005415 that like button it helps us reach more
xfbxOWYO8qE-00024-00005416-00005575 amazing people like yourself and helps
xfbxOWYO8qE-00025-00005576-00005759 us continue our travels and keep making
xfbxOWYO8qE-00026-00005760-00005927 more of these videos
xfbxOWYO8qE-00027-00005928-00006102 so without further delay let's dive
xfbxOWYO8qE-00028-00006103-00006263 straight in with our first budget island
xfbxOWYO8qE-00029-00006264-00006927 experience fuller's do
xfbxOWYO8qE-00030-00006928-00007087 thinners do is a locally inhabited
xfbxOWYO8qE-00031-00007088-00007334 island just 27 kilometers north east of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00032-00007336-00007542 the country's capital of malay we made
xfbxOWYO8qE-00033-00007543-00007727 it in the morning
xfbxOWYO8qE-00034-00007728-00007887 we grabbed a speedboat leaving marlow
xfbxOWYO8qE-00035-00007888-00008142 which only took 30 minutes and cost 30
xfbxOWYO8qE-00036-00008143-00008367 us dollars per person each way with the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00037-00008368-00008583 choice of four different departure times
xfbxOWYO8qE-00038-00008584-00008735 you can always grab the local ferry for
xfbxOWYO8qE-00039-00008736-00008871 only three dollars but it will take a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00040-00008872-00009039 little bit longer like many other
xfbxOWYO8qE-00041-00009040-00009191 islands in the maldives this place is
xfbxOWYO8qE-00042-00009192-00009391 surrounded by crystal clear turquoise
xfbxOWYO8qE-00043-00009392-00009639 waters and has the iconic white sandy
xfbxOWYO8qE-00044-00009640-00010014 beaches we just cannot get enough of how
xfbxOWYO8qE-00045-00010015-00010423 blue this water really is it's so clear
xfbxOWYO8qE-00046-00010424-00010535 you've only got to walk around the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00047-00010536-00010678 island for a short while and within
xfbxOWYO8qE-00048-00010679-00010831 minutes you will spot the biggest
xfbxOWYO8qE-00049-00010832-00011046 stingrays you have ever seen
xfbxOWYO8qE-00050-00011047-00011206 it is a locally inhabited island with a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00051-00011207-00011438 population of approximately 1400 people
xfbxOWYO8qE-00052-00011439-00011614 and is most famous for being home to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00053-00011615-00011887 maldives best surf breaks cokes and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00054-00011888-00011991 chickens
xfbxOWYO8qE-00055-00011992-00012206 it's safe to say that fuller's do is a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00056-00012207-00012414 surfer's paradise surf can be done
xfbxOWYO8qE-00057-00012415-00012542 throughout the year but it is best
xfbxOWYO8qE-00058-00012543-00012719 between the month of april and november
xfbxOWYO8qE-00059-00012720-00012863 so there's approximately 50 different
xfbxOWYO8qE-00060-00012863-00013038 types of stays on this island ranging
xfbxOWYO8qE-00061-00013039-00013271 from boutique b b's guest houses and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00062-00013272-00013511 even hotels we stay for three nights at
xfbxOWYO8qE-00063-00013512-00013719 the akira surfer trip which only costs
xfbxOWYO8qE-00064-00013719-00013935 60 us dollars per night
xfbxOWYO8qE-00065-00013936-00014247 so this is our very very cute guest
xfbxOWYO8qE-00066-00014247-00014599 house that we are staying in on the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00067-00014600-00014855 island we were greeted by furushan who
xfbxOWYO8qE-00068-00014856-00015079 run zakiri he has a wealth of knowledge
xfbxOWYO8qE-00069-00015080-00015230 about the island and became more of a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00070-00015231-00015447 friend to us by the end of our stay
xfbxOWYO8qE-00071-00015447-00015615 most accommodations will help organize
xfbxOWYO8qE-00072-00015616-00015783 excursions and activities on the island
xfbxOWYO8qE-00073-00015784-00016007 but also off the island too looks like
xfbxOWYO8qE-00074-00016008-00016150 it's just there
xfbxOWYO8qE-00075-00016151-00016206 yeah
xfbxOWYO8qE-00076-00016207-00016943 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00077-00016944-00017111 one of our highlights of standard akira
xfbxOWYO8qE-00078-00017112-00017303 was a special sandbank trip we took
xfbxOWYO8qE-00079-00017304-00017471 located not too far from the on is one
xfbxOWYO8qE-00080-00017472-00017622 of the most picturesque sandbanks
xfbxOWYO8qE-00081-00017623-00017783 literally in the middle of nowhere and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00082-00017784-00017919 if you're lucky you'll probably see
xfbxOWYO8qE-00083-00017920-00018175 dolphins on the way too so this is our
xfbxOWYO8qE-00084-00018176-00018414 first excursion and we have taken a vote
xfbxOWYO8qE-00085-00018415-00018607 from philistu island and it's taking
xfbxOWYO8qE-00086-00018608-00018807 about 30 minutes to reach this private
xfbxOWYO8qE-00087-00018808-00019199 sandbank and it is beautiful it is
xfbxOWYO8qE-00088-00019200-00019479 paradise the color
xfbxOWYO8qE-00089-00019480-00019614 of the ocean
xfbxOWYO8qE-00090-00019615-00019791 there's a reason why the maldives is
xfbxOWYO8qE-00091-00019792-00020175 renowned to have such beautiful blue
xfbxOWYO8qE-00092-00020176-00020335 turquoisey
xfbxOWYO8qE-00093-00020336-00020735 oceans and the rumors are true it is so
xfbxOWYO8qE-00094-00020736-00020919 beautiful here
xfbxOWYO8qE-00095-00020920-00021143 a pod of dolphins on the way out not
xfbxOWYO8qE-00096-00021144-00021367 only on the boat but when we're also sat
xfbxOWYO8qE-00097-00021368-00021550 on the shore as well it's just so
xfbxOWYO8qE-00098-00021551-00021767 special we spent the day here relaxing
xfbxOWYO8qE-00099-00021768-00021927 snorkeling and planting the insane
xfbxOWYO8qE-00100-00021928-00022111 waters this is when we got our first
xfbxOWYO8qE-00101-00022112-00022263 real taste of what people rave about
xfbxOWYO8qE-00102-00022264-00022471 when they talk about the maldives well
xfbxOWYO8qE-00103-00022472-00022575 what
xfbxOWYO8qE-00104-00022576-00022894 a morning that was bikini beach or
xfbxOWYO8qE-00105-00022895-00023047 tourist beach are what the beaches on
xfbxOWYO8qE-00106-00023048-00023158 the local islands are called where
xfbxOWYO8qE-00107-00023159-00023327 tourists can essentially wear their
xfbxOWYO8qE-00108-00023328-00023455 bikinis
xfbxOWYO8qE-00109-00023456-00023614 maldi's is a muslim country so it is
xfbxOWYO8qE-00110-00023615-00023775 important to respect locals when you are
xfbxOWYO8qE-00111-00023776-00023950 visiting and ask your accommodation
xfbxOWYO8qE-00112-00023951-00024167 questions if you are unsure of anything
xfbxOWYO8qE-00113-00024168-00024303 now if you are coming to the maldives to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00114-00024304-00024447 kick back relax and enjoy a beer
xfbxOWYO8qE-00115-00024448-00024663 cocktail then we have news for you you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00116-00024664-00024799 can certainly kick back and relax and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00117-00024800-00024967 thrillers do but alcohol is strictly
xfbxOWYO8qE-00118-00024968-00025158 prohibited you won't find any shops
xfbxOWYO8qE-00119-00025159-00025303 selling it and it is illegal to bring it
xfbxOWYO8qE-00120-00025304-00025439 onto the island
xfbxOWYO8qE-00121-00025440-00025583 we never really thought about whether
xfbxOWYO8qE-00122-00025584-00025694 you could travel to the maudi's on the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00123-00025695-00025943 budget until we visited what makes this
xfbxOWYO8qE-00124-00025944-00026102 an attractive destination to the common
xfbxOWYO8qE-00125-00026104-00026295 traveler is the affordable accommodation
xfbxOWYO8qE-00126-00026295-00026446 it offers so if you're happy to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00127-00026447-00026607 compromise on five star resorts and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00128-00026608-00026790 dining yet still want to explore local
xfbxOWYO8qE-00129-00026791-00026999 mordivian culture cuisine marine life
xfbxOWYO8qE-00130-00027000-00027207 and more then this place is definitely
xfbxOWYO8qE-00131-00027208-00027374 for you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00132-00027375-00027527 next on our list we'll be taking you to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00133-00027527-00027743 the edge of the laviani atoll to our
xfbxOWYO8qE-00134-00027744-00028181 luxury boutique resort fushifaru
xfbxOWYO8qE-00135-00028182-00029151 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00136-00029152-00029351 it's one of the smaller islands north of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00137-00029352-00029535 the capital malay where you will need to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00138-00029536-00029799 take a 35 minute scenic flight via
xfbxOWYO8qE-00139-00029800-00029967 seaplane to get there get on our
xfbxOWYO8qE-00140-00029968-00030183 seaplane whilst the seaplane will cost
xfbxOWYO8qE-00141-00030183-00030423 around 450 us dollars per person for a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00142-00030424-00030687 return ticket the flight itself is one
xfbxOWYO8qE-00143-00030688-00030879 hell of that experience make sure you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00144-00030880-00031039 bag a window seat because you will not
xfbxOWYO8qE-00145-00031039-00031223 be able to take your eyes off the views
xfbxOWYO8qE-00146-00031224-00031423 below if you'll be arriving from a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00147-00031424-00031607 neighboring island like we were then
xfbxOWYO8qE-00148-00031608-00031743 speedboat is the most likely mode of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00149-00031744-00031943 transport on arrival we've agreed to a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00150-00031944-00032151 typical maldivian resort welcome
xfbxOWYO8qE-00151-00032152-00032311 something that is still so special to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00152-00032312-00032781 this day what a welcome
xfbxOWYO8qE-00153-00032782-00033167 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00154-00033168-00033327 fuchsia pharah itself is made up of a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00155-00033328-00033518 mix of beach villas and a selection of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00156-00033519-00033759 overwater villas when we visited there
xfbxOWYO8qE-00157-00033760-00033935 were actually only four over water
xfbxOWYO8qE-00158-00033936-00034127 villas but they have recently built
xfbxOWYO8qE-00159-00034128-00034335 another four team where you can choose
xfbxOWYO8qE-00160-00034336-00034583 between a jacuzzi or one with your own
xfbxOWYO8qE-00161-00034584-00034783 pool what we loved about fuchsia faro is
xfbxOWYO8qE-00162-00034784-00034951 that it is the quintessential meaning of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00163-00034952-00035183 a paradise desert island marooned in the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00164-00035184-00035383 middle of the indian ocean fringed by
xfbxOWYO8qE-00165-00035384-00035583 powdered white sandy beaches and the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00166-00035584-00035807 most turquoise waters you'll ever see
xfbxOWYO8qE-00167-00035808-00035959 you can easily walk around the island in
xfbxOWYO8qE-00168-00035960-00036174 less than 30 minutes we opted for a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00169-00036175-00036399 beach villa with a sunset view oh look
xfbxOWYO8qE-00170-00036400-00036483 at that
xfbxOWYO8qE-00171-00036484-00036662 welcome
xfbxOWYO8qE-00172-00036663-00036895 welcome home with a view of the ocean
xfbxOWYO8qE-00173-00036896-00037055 and barely a hundred meters from the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00174-00037056-00037183 shoreline
xfbxOWYO8qE-00175-00037184-00037430 ocean is right there
xfbxOWYO8qE-00176-00037431-00037551 beautiful
xfbxOWYO8qE-00177-00037552-00038255 but my favorite part of the room
xfbxOWYO8qE-00178-00038256-00038455 what is this
xfbxOWYO8qE-00179-00038456-00038687 the room itself just oozes maldivian
xfbxOWYO8qE-00180-00038688-00038935 luxury the outside bathroom is just a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00181-00038936-00039102 beautiful touch and we couldn't resist
xfbxOWYO8qE-00182-00039103-00039279 organizing a flower bath on our first
xfbxOWYO8qE-00183-00039280-00039455 night after a pretty tough day of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00184-00039456-00039711 paradise so azim was telling us about
xfbxOWYO8qE-00185-00039712-00039943 this particular part of the villa and he
xfbxOWYO8qE-00186-00039944-00040071 was saying that it's quite traditional
xfbxOWYO8qE-00187-00040072-00040343 for moldivian homes to actually have
xfbxOWYO8qE-00188-00040344-00040551 their bathrooms outside so they're
xfbxOWYO8qE-00189-00040552-00040767 bringing a bit of tradition to fisher
xfbxOWYO8qE-00190-00040768-00040871 ferry
xfbxOWYO8qE-00191-00040872-00041039 there are so many activities on the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00192-00041040-00041207 island and as you can imagine plenty
xfbxOWYO8qE-00193-00041208-00041415 that revolve around water depending on
xfbxOWYO8qE-00194-00041416-00041574 the season you can actually go swimming
xfbxOWYO8qE-00195-00041575-00041807 with manta rays this was our first time
xfbxOWYO8qE-00196-00041808-00041958 swimming with these beautiful creatures
xfbxOWYO8qE-00197-00041959-00042143 and don't worry it is completely safe as
xfbxOWYO8qE-00198-00042144-00042295 they feed off the plankton in the water
xfbxOWYO8qE-00199-00042296-00042455 and will just gracefully pass you as you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00200-00042456-00042679 snorkel on the surface to this day it
xfbxOWYO8qE-00201-00042680-00042815 remains one of the most special
xfbxOWYO8qE-00202-00042816-00042999 experiences we've ever had
xfbxOWYO8qE-00203-00043000-00043167 other activities not to be missed is a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00204-00043168-00043399 romantic picnic on fuchsia faro's very
xfbxOWYO8qE-00205-00043400-00043646 own private sandbank wow look at this
xfbxOWYO8qE-00206-00043647-00043862 cute set up we're going to be stranded
xfbxOWYO8qE-00207-00043863-00043990 here for the next few hours darling
xfbxOWYO8qE-00208-00043991-00044207 that's okay i'm okay with that it's only
xfbxOWYO8qE-00209-00044208-00044374 a short five-minute boat ride away where
xfbxOWYO8qE-00210-00044375-00044527 you're left to yourselves to eat drink
xfbxOWYO8qE-00211-00044528-00044702 and sunbathe your problems away with
xfbxOWYO8qE-00212-00044703-00044911 this romantic setup
xfbxOWYO8qE-00213-00044912-00045335 this is the setup how cute is this
xfbxOWYO8qE-00214-00045336-00045495 we have wine
xfbxOWYO8qE-00215-00045496-00045799 wraps corn on the cob fresh fruit
xfbxOWYO8qE-00216-00045800-00045967 all the goodies
xfbxOWYO8qE-00217-00045968-00046220 and a beautiful view
xfbxOWYO8qE-00218-00046221-00047855 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00219-00047856-00048007 like many other resorts in the maldives
xfbxOWYO8qE-00220-00048008-00048190 there is an in-house spa located in the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00221-00048191-00048358 heart of the island you'll find so many
xfbxOWYO8qE-00222-00048359-00048511 different massage and relaxation
xfbxOWYO8qE-00223-00048512-00048718 therapies on offer and dare we say it
xfbxOWYO8qE-00224-00048719-00048879 was one of the best massages we've ever
xfbxOWYO8qE-00225-00048880-00049007 had and we've been lucky enough to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00226-00049008-00049183 experience a lot in different countries
xfbxOWYO8qE-00227-00049184-00049311 the snorkeling around fischer furrow
xfbxOWYO8qE-00228-00049312-00049423 especially towards the end of the water
xfbxOWYO8qE-00229-00049424-00049639 villas is just magical the water there
xfbxOWYO8qE-00230-00049640-00049799 is also pretty shallow so it's perfect
xfbxOWYO8qE-00231-00049800-00049999 even for beginners just remember to keep
xfbxOWYO8qE-00232-00050000-00050167 your feet off the coral as they are so
xfbxOWYO8qE-00233-00050168-00050358 delicate and need to be looked after and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00234-00050359-00050527 if the ocean isn't for you the resort
xfbxOWYO8qE-00235-00050528-00050758 has one huge infinity pool with an
xfbxOWYO8qE-00236-00050759-00050951 amazing view over the beach and ocean
xfbxOWYO8qE-00237-00050952-00051102 and right next door is a pool bar
xfbxOWYO8qE-00238-00051103-00051238 perfect for sipping on those afternoon
xfbxOWYO8qE-00239-00051239-00051366 cocktails
xfbxOWYO8qE-00240-00051367-00051558 in total we stayed for three nights at
xfbxOWYO8qE-00241-00051559-00051726 fisher pharaoh and would have happily
xfbxOWYO8qE-00242-00051727-00051966 extended for longer the activities were
xfbxOWYO8qE-00243-00051967-00052190 great the food was freshly cooked each
xfbxOWYO8qE-00244-00052191-00052358 day and the staff were absolutely
xfbxOWYO8qE-00245-00052359-00052566 amazing we have a sneaky feeling this
xfbxOWYO8qE-00246-00052567-00052959 won't be our last time visiting fujifiru
xfbxOWYO8qE-00247-00052960-00053094 bye room
xfbxOWYO8qE-00248-00053095-00053323 until next time
xfbxOWYO8qE-00249-00053324-00053535 [Laughter]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00250-00053536-00053735 so last but not least this brings us on
xfbxOWYO8qE-00251-00053736-00053991 to our final resort in the maldives the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00252-00053991-00054136 intercontinental
xfbxOWYO8qE-00253-00054137-00055223 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00254-00055224-00055430 the intercontinental is everything you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00255-00055432-00055654 expect luxury to be in the maldives
xfbxOWYO8qE-00256-00055655-00055903 it opened in 2019 and we were one of the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00257-00055904-00056063 lucky few to visit during the first
xfbxOWYO8qE-00258-00056064-00056279 month of being open the island is
xfbxOWYO8qE-00259-00056279-00056494 located in the raw atoll so you'll need
xfbxOWYO8qE-00260-00056495-00056782 to arrive via seaplane for malay you are
xfbxOWYO8qE-00261-00056783-00056982 mesmerized by the beauty of this resort
xfbxOWYO8qE-00262-00056983-00057207 as soon as you land we walk around
xfbxOWYO8qE-00263-00057208-00057423 everywhere and just have to like blink a
xfbxOWYO8qE-00264-00057424-00057654 couple times to really
xfbxOWYO8qE-00265-00057655-00057854 take it all in and believe that we're
xfbxOWYO8qE-00266-00057855-00058094 actually here expect a traditional
xfbxOWYO8qE-00267-00058095-00058263 welcome that is now commonplace for
xfbxOWYO8qE-00268-00058264-00058447 resorts in the maldives and walk along
xfbxOWYO8qE-00269-00058448-00058607 with jetty to the reception area as you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00270-00058608-00058782 try and soak in the experiences that lie
xfbxOWYO8qE-00271-00058783-00059038 ahead for the next few days upon arrival
xfbxOWYO8qE-00272-00059039-00059238 you are paired with your very own island
xfbxOWYO8qE-00273-00059239-00059479 curator who you can call upon at any
xfbxOWYO8qE-00274-00059479-00059671 hour of the day your curator will show
xfbxOWYO8qE-00275-00059672-00059863 you around your villa check you in book
xfbxOWYO8qE-00276-00059864-00060071 any restaurants activities or excursions
xfbxOWYO8qE-00277-00060072-00060230 you want to do and just simply be there
xfbxOWYO8qE-00278-00060232-00060391 for you during the day after your
xfbxOWYO8qE-00279-00060391-00060542 welcome refreshing drinks your curator
xfbxOWYO8qE-00280-00060544-00060703 will take you to your room via a very
xfbxOWYO8qE-00281-00060704-00060942 scenic golf buggy ride we were standing
xfbxOWYO8qE-00282-00060944-00061142 at the far end of the resort in yep you
xfbxOWYO8qE-00283-00061144-00061430 guessed it and over water villa and well
xfbxOWYO8qE-00284-00061432-00061562 just wow
xfbxOWYO8qE-00285-00061563-00061766 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00286-00061767-00062015 well welcome the room was insane one of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00287-00062016-00062294 the most luxurious places we have ever
xfbxOWYO8qE-00288-00062295-00062535 stayed the bed is absolutely huge with
xfbxOWYO8qE-00289-00062536-00062782 views out to your very own infinity pool
xfbxOWYO8qE-00290-00062783-00062966 by this point we could just barely
xfbxOWYO8qE-00291-00062967-00063126 contain our excitement we've been
xfbxOWYO8qE-00292-00063127-00063319 falling asleep with this view and pretty
xfbxOWYO8qE-00293-00063320-00063494 much have been leaving the curtains open
xfbxOWYO8qE-00294-00063495-00063606 because
xfbxOWYO8qE-00295-00063607-00063711 wow
xfbxOWYO8qE-00296-00063712-00063854 look at that
xfbxOWYO8qE-00297-00063855-00064023 as you would expect with any luxury
xfbxOWYO8qE-00298-00064024-00064175 resort in the maldives you have a range
xfbxOWYO8qE-00299-00064176-00064326 of villas to choose from since we were
xfbxOWYO8qE-00300-00064327-00064463 working with the resort during our time
xfbxOWYO8qE-00301-00064464-00064647 here we were given an island tour of all
xfbxOWYO8qE-00302-00064648-00064838 the amazing accommodations on offer we
xfbxOWYO8qE-00303-00064839-00064999 had a one bedroom over water villa with
xfbxOWYO8qE-00304-00065000-00065175 our very own pool and stairs that
xfbxOWYO8qE-00305-00065176-00065406 accessed the ocean depending on how much
xfbxOWYO8qE-00306-00065407-00065606 money you had you can really go luxury
xfbxOWYO8qE-00307-00065607-00065815 and stay in any of the big over-water
xfbxOWYO8qE-00308-00065816-00066038 residences available and yes
xfbxOWYO8qE-00309-00066039-00066319 they are insane our absolute favorite
xfbxOWYO8qE-00310-00066320-00066487 was definitely the three bedroom over
xfbxOWYO8qE-00311-00066488-00066638 water villa at the very tip of the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00312-00066639-00066871 island
xfbxOWYO8qE-00313-00066872-00067023 there is a lagoon in the middle of the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00314-00067024-00067167 resort which is actually the biggest
xfbxOWYO8qE-00315-00067168-00067391 lagoon in all of the maldi's with one or
xfbxOWYO8qE-00316-00067392-00067582 two bedroom lagoon villas adorning one
xfbxOWYO8qE-00317-00067583-00067782 side which all have their own pools and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00318-00067783-00067926 one or two bedroom beach villas on the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00319-00067927-00068167 other side again with their own pools
xfbxOWYO8qE-00320-00068168-00068399 the top part is the whole floor is the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00321-00068400-00068694 master bedroom and it has this insane
xfbxOWYO8qE-00322-00068695-00068935 bath that sits right at the window so
xfbxOWYO8qE-00323-00068936-00069103 you can just have a bath look at the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00324-00069104-00069350 ocean water dolphins go past the fishes
xfbxOWYO8qE-00325-00069351-00069526 go by
xfbxOWYO8qE-00326-00069527-00069671 they get better than that i don't think
xfbxOWYO8qE-00327-00069672-00069767 so
xfbxOWYO8qE-00328-00069768-00069950 now let's talk about food there are
xfbxOWYO8qE-00329-00069951-00070119 seven different bars and restaurants on
xfbxOWYO8qE-00330-00070120-00070303 the island to choose from from relaxed
xfbxOWYO8qE-00331-00070304-00070511 bar settings to more intimate dining
xfbxOWYO8qE-00332-00070512-00070782 experiences so the spa itself is out of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00333-00070783-00071006 this world each private room is located
xfbxOWYO8qE-00334-00071007-00071294 in its very own water hut with 180
xfbxOWYO8qE-00335-00071295-00071535 degree views of nothing but blue ocean
xfbxOWYO8qE-00336-00071536-00071782 and the biggest huge round bathtub
xfbxOWYO8qE-00337-00071783-00072015 you've ever seen so we've just made it
xfbxOWYO8qE-00338-00072016-00072271 to the spa and like i have to whisper
xfbxOWYO8qE-00339-00072272-00072543 because it's so peaceful and quiet here
xfbxOWYO8qE-00340-00072544-00072726 and all you can hear is the ocean it's
xfbxOWYO8qE-00341-00072727-00072871 the best thing
xfbxOWYO8qE-00342-00072872-00073119 so they just came over with a tray of
xfbxOWYO8qE-00343-00073120-00073382 oils and cream and they asked us to pick
xfbxOWYO8qE-00344-00073383-00073535 what scent
xfbxOWYO8qE-00345-00073536-00073726 and
xfbxOWYO8qE-00346-00073727-00073999 james almost dropped
xfbxOWYO8qE-00347-00074000-00074159 so we've made it into our couple's
xfbxOWYO8qE-00348-00074160-00074326 massage room and we're just about to get
xfbxOWYO8qE-00349-00074327-00074611 changed
xfbxOWYO8qE-00350-00074612-00074935 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00351-00074936-00075119 how was it darling
xfbxOWYO8qE-00352-00075120-00075487 i'm so relaxed i don't want to move
xfbxOWYO8qE-00353-00075488-00075655 the best massage you've ever had best
xfbxOWYO8qE-00354-00075656-00076055 massage i have ever had that was
xfbxOWYO8qE-00355-00076056-00076287 amazing you can arrange snorkeling tours
xfbxOWYO8qE-00356-00076288-00076494 via the diving center or there is plenty
xfbxOWYO8qE-00357-00076495-00076647 of areas around the resort to have your
xfbxOWYO8qE-00358-00076648-00077188 own swim and snorkel all by yourselves
xfbxOWYO8qE-00359-00077189-00077423 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00360-00077424-00077606 overall we spent three nights at the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00361-00077607-00077782 intercontinental and there is easily
xfbxOWYO8qE-00362-00077783-00078038 enough things to do to see and to eat to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00363-00078039-00078238 extend for way longer on this beautiful
xfbxOWYO8qE-00364-00078239-00078494 luxury island so that rounds up our
xfbxOWYO8qE-00365-00078495-00078711 three incredible places to visit in the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00366-00078712-00078919 maldives at three different price points
xfbxOWYO8qE-00367-00078920-00079047 as we said at the start of this video
xfbxOWYO8qE-00368-00079048-00079191 there are thousands of islands with
xfbxOWYO8qE-00369-00079192-00079350 hundreds of different resorts and hotels
xfbxOWYO8qE-00370-00079351-00079503 to stay at all with their own unique
xfbxOWYO8qE-00371-00079504-00079735 style activities and ways to share this
xfbxOWYO8qE-00372-00079736-00079959 incredible part of the world there truly
xfbxOWYO8qE-00373-00079960-00080126 are no words to describe this place
xfbxOWYO8qE-00374-00080127-00080311 other than paradise and we wanted to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00375-00080312-00080462 show you that it's possible to enjoy the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00376-00080463-00080647 maldives at all budgets and still have
xfbxOWYO8qE-00377-00080648-00080831 an incredible time we'd love to know if
xfbxOWYO8qE-00378-00080832-00080911 this has made you think about
xfbxOWYO8qE-00379-00080912-00081015 potentially booking a trip to the
xfbxOWYO8qE-00380-00081016-00081167 maldives and of course we'd love to know
xfbxOWYO8qE-00381-00081168-00081343 which one was your favorite if you liked
xfbxOWYO8qE-00382-00081344-00081494 this video and want to see more roundups
xfbxOWYO8qE-00383-00081495-00081606 of places like this in different
xfbxOWYO8qE-00384-00081607-00081799 countries then let us know and of course
xfbxOWYO8qE-00385-00081800-00081967 if you hit that like button it means so
xfbxOWYO8qE-00386-00081968-00082135 much to alex and i and if you want to
xfbxOWYO8qE-00387-00082136-00082247 stick around for the next video then
xfbxOWYO8qE-00388-00082248-00082375 don't forget to hit that subscribe
xfbxOWYO8qE-00389-00082376-00082621 button see you guys on the next vlog
xfbxOWYO8qE-00390-00082622-00083038 [Music]
xfbxOWYO8qE-00391-00083039-00083248 you
xhoVSZaeq1E-00000-00000003-00000254 we go hey there everybody good morning
xhoVSZaeq1E-00001-00000254-00000572 and welcome seven minutes in the morning
xhoVSZaeq1E-00002-00000573-00000788 my name is Tom Rigsby today we're
xhoVSZaeq1E-00003-00000789-00000983 talking about are you playing a long
xhoVSZaeq1E-00004-00000984-00001331 game or a short game it has nothing to
xhoVSZaeq1E-00005-00001332-00001659 do with your golf game stay tuned
xhoVSZaeq1E-00006-00001660-00001925 this is seven minutes in the morning
xhoVSZaeq1E-00007-00001926-00002176 we're five days a week you get tips and
xhoVSZaeq1E-00008-00002177-00002408 hacks dedicated to helping business
xhoVSZaeq1E-00009-00002409-00002677 owners and leaders just like you find
xhoVSZaeq1E-00010-00002678-00002933 and breakthrough the one thing that is
xhoVSZaeq1E-00011-00002934-00003226 preventing your success and now here's
xhoVSZaeq1E-00012-00003227-00003440 the host of seven minutes in the morning
xhoVSZaeq1E-00013-00003440-00004226 and your results coach Tom Rigsby hey
xhoVSZaeq1E-00014-00004227-00004394 there everybody good morning welcome
xhoVSZaeq1E-00015-00004395-00004588 back seven minutes in the morning my
xhoVSZaeq1E-00016-00004589-00004904 name is Tom Rigsby and today we're
xhoVSZaeq1E-00017-00004905-00005081 talking about long game versus short
xhoVSZaeq1E-00018-00005082-00005366 game before we get to that though when
xhoVSZaeq1E-00019-00005367-00005483 you get here whether you're watching
xhoVSZaeq1E-00020-00005484-00005759 live or on the replay and whether you're
xhoVSZaeq1E-00021-00005760-00005990 watching whatever venue you are watching
xhoVSZaeq1E-00022-00005991-00006275 or listening in please leave a comment
xhoVSZaeq1E-00023-00006276-00006452 leave your name let me know where you're
xhoVSZaeq1E-00024-00006453-00006720 watching from say hi how you doing
xhoVSZaeq1E-00025-00006722-00007114 whatever just love seeing those comments
xhoVSZaeq1E-00026-00007115-00007396 roll in and knowing that you guys are
xhoVSZaeq1E-00027-00007397-00007570 out there see I can see some of your
xhoVSZaeq1E-00028-00007572-00007820 lurking and you're not saying hi so I'll
xhoVSZaeq1E-00029-00007820-00008095 go back and find out who you are at some
xhoVSZaeq1E-00030-00008097-00008528 point hey listen we are all week this
xhoVSZaeq1E-00031-00008529-00008702 week we've been talking about planning
xhoVSZaeq1E-00032-00008703-00009085 and has some great conversation going so
xhoVSZaeq1E-00033-00009086-00009281 far and I know that this is a topic
xhoVSZaeq1E-00034-00009282-00009560 that's challenging for a lot of you so
xhoVSZaeq1E-00035-00009561-00009881 one of I've got to keep moving through
xhoVSZaeq1E-00036-00009882-00010259 some of this but I'm um here I'm happy
xhoVSZaeq1E-00037-00010260-00010399 to answer your questions
xhoVSZaeq1E-00038-00010400-00010646 shoot me that email Tom at Tom Rigsby
xhoVSZaeq1E-00039-00010647-00010924 calm or just leave me a message here on
xhoVSZaeq1E-00040-00010925-00011210 the video I will answer all your
xhoVSZaeq1E-00041-00011211-00011783 questions for you alright so today we're
xhoVSZaeq1E-00042-00011784-00012074 basing our quote today or our topic day
xhoVSZaeq1E-00043-00012075-00012263 off of quote this one's from Larry wing
xhoVSZaeq1E-00044-00012264-00012485 it you don't know Larry you should go
xhoVSZaeq1E-00045-00012486-00012670 look him up nobody ever wrote down a
xhoVSZaeq1E-00046-00012671-00012930 plan to be broke fat lazy or stupid
xhoVSZaeq1E-00047-00012931-00013141 those are the things that happen when
xhoVSZaeq1E-00048-00013143-00013266 you don't have a plan
xhoVSZaeq1E-00049-00013268-00013739 now a lot of you might a lot of people
xhoVSZaeq1E-00050-00013740-00014002 are gonna push back against that and say
xhoVSZaeq1E-00051-00014003-00014205 well no I've got a plan
xhoVSZaeq1E-00052-00014206-00014469 like really what's the time horizon on
xhoVSZaeq1E-00053-00014470-00014827 your plan because at that time horizon
xhoVSZaeq1E-00054-00014828-00015180 is this month or this quarter or maybe
xhoVSZaeq1E-00055-00015181-00015534 this six months what's your long game if
xhoVSZaeq1E-00056-00015535-00015733 you're not playing with a long game in
xhoVSZaeq1E-00057-00015734-00015972 mind then you don't really have a full
xhoVSZaeq1E-00058-00015973-00016569 plan right and I get to this too I had a
xhoVSZaeq1E-00059-00016570-00016758 great conversation yesterday afternoon
xhoVSZaeq1E-00060-00016759-00017031 where we talked about how many plans you
xhoVSZaeq1E-00061-00017032-00017230 should have and I made a post a an
xhoVSZaeq1E-00062-00017231-00017491 Instagram post on this and and got some
xhoVSZaeq1E-00063-00017492-00017709 interesting feedback on that as well but
xhoVSZaeq1E-00064-00017710-00017872 if you're not if you don't have that
xhoVSZaeq1E-00065-00017873-00018216 long-term outcome in mind the long game
xhoVSZaeq1E-00066-00018217-00018537 that then then you don't really have a
xhoVSZaeq1E-00067-00018538-00018861 plan if your plan is to retire and live
xhoVSZaeq1E-00068-00018862-00019036 the good life someday what does that
xhoVSZaeq1E-00069-00019037-00019311 mean give me some details I get that
xhoVSZaeq1E-00070-00019312-00019546 answer a lot and people just look at me
xhoVSZaeq1E-00071-00019547-00019812 like a deer in headlights um I don't
xhoVSZaeq1E-00072-00019813-00020190 know we'll figure it out because those
xhoVSZaeq1E-00073-00020191-00020415 things matter knowing what those things
xhoVSZaeq1E-00074-00020416-00020665 are that you're working toward matter
xhoVSZaeq1E-00075-00020666-00020940 because if you're not able to articulate
xhoVSZaeq1E-00076-00020941-00021361 them then you're not able to use them as
xhoVSZaeq1E-00077-00021362-00021558 decision-making criteria when
xhoVSZaeq1E-00078-00021559-00021718 opportunities come along that might
xhoVSZaeq1E-00079-00021719-00022018 change your plan because that happens
xhoVSZaeq1E-00080-00022019-00022267 every day right and opportunity is just
xhoVSZaeq1E-00081-00022268-00022558 a set of circumstances so in a set of
xhoVSZaeq1E-00082-00022559-00022805 circumstances come along that might
xhoVSZaeq1E-00083-00022806-00023118 attract us or draw us to veer off of our
xhoVSZaeq1E-00084-00023119-00023358 plan we have to be able to understand
xhoVSZaeq1E-00085-00023359-00023622 whether making that change ultimately
xhoVSZaeq1E-00086-00023623-00023943 moves us toward the long go the the the
xhoVSZaeq1E-00087-00023944-00024156 long-term outcome are looking for or
xhoVSZaeq1E-00088-00024157-00024600 whether it's a distraction and by
xhoVSZaeq1E-00089-00024601-00024768 understanding that then we'll make
xhoVSZaeq1E-00090-00024769-00025155 better decisions right it makes sense so
xhoVSZaeq1E-00091-00025156-00025399 this and I want to get this into because
xhoVSZaeq1E-00092-00025400-00025677 this was such a great topic yesterday's
xhoVSZaeq1E-00093-00025678-00026005 conversation I had yesterday if you have
xhoVSZaeq1E-00094-00026006-00026230 more than one plan you're already doing
xhoVSZaeq1E-00095-00026231-00026427 it wrong that was the post something
xhoVSZaeq1E-00096-00026428-00026492 like that
xhoVSZaeq1E-00097-00026493-00026749 post I put on Instagram the point being
xhoVSZaeq1E-00098-00026750-00027068 that there is only one plan if you have
xhoVSZaeq1E-00099-00027069-00027343 a plan a and a plan B that assumes that
xhoVSZaeq1E-00100-00027344-00028012 either plan a or Plan B is sufficient to
xhoVSZaeq1E-00101-00028013-00028315 reach the outcome and the reality is
xhoVSZaeq1E-00102-00028316-00028558 that it's not your plan changes every
xhoVSZaeq1E-00103-00028560-00028781 day my field of view changes every day
xhoVSZaeq1E-00104-00028782-00029057 what I have access to what I can see
xhoVSZaeq1E-00105-00029058-00029258 what I know what I understand to be true
xhoVSZaeq1E-00106-00029258-00029657 changes every day and as a result my
xhoVSZaeq1E-00107-00029658-00030074 plan or my set of intentions changes
xhoVSZaeq1E-00108-00030075-00030443 every day so if I wrote down a play on
xhoVSZaeq1E-00109-00030444-00030704 sad - a business plan six months ago for
xhoVSZaeq1E-00110-00030705-00030926 my business I get started and a new
xhoVSZaeq1E-00111-00030927-00031199 competitor pops up a new supplier comes
xhoVSZaeq1E-00112-00031200-00031312 around
xhoVSZaeq1E-00113-00031313-00031592 maybe Amazon enters the field and
xhoVSZaeq1E-00114-00031593-00032048 completely undermines my whole idea how
xhoVSZaeq1E-00115-00032049-00032279 valid is that plan my set of intentions
xhoVSZaeq1E-00116-00032280-00032662 is completely different now so I have to
xhoVSZaeq1E-00117-00032663-00033089 update the one plan don't switch to plan
xhoVSZaeq1E-00118-00033090-00033850 B or C or D or triple Z it's the plan
xhoVSZaeq1E-00119-00033851-00034145 alright so think about it that way you
xhoVSZaeq1E-00120-00034146-00034393 can have a short term then the short
xhoVSZaeq1E-00121-00034394-00034607 term plans really just a smaller subset
xhoVSZaeq1E-00122-00034608-00034843 of your long-term plan right
xhoVSZaeq1E-00123-00034844-00035065 so go ahead might as well go ahead and
xhoVSZaeq1E-00124-00035066-00035345 think long think about that outcome that
xhoVSZaeq1E-00125-00035346-00035498 you want to create and then work
xhoVSZaeq1E-00126-00035499-00035908 backwards moving into it alright alright
xhoVSZaeq1E-00127-00035909-00036173 that's it for today be thinking about
xhoVSZaeq1E-00128-00036174-00036575 that long that long game if you have an
xhoVSZaeq1E-00129-00036576-00036773 idea what your long game is I'd love to
xhoVSZaeq1E-00130-00036774-00036937 hear what it is drop it in the comments
xhoVSZaeq1E-00131-00036938-00037183 down below share a little bit of that
xhoVSZaeq1E-00132-00037184-00037496 with us so that we can get some I maybe
xhoVSZaeq1E-00133-00037497-00037724 you know maybe your ideas will help fuel
xhoVSZaeq1E-00134-00037725-00038108 someone else's ideas and look you don't
xhoVSZaeq1E-00135-00038109-00038314 know we never have to worry about
xhoVSZaeq1E-00136-00038315-00038612 somebody stealing our ideas because
xhoVSZaeq1E-00137-00038613-00038808 ideas are worthless
xhoVSZaeq1E-00138-00038809-00039190 plan execution execution that's
xhoVSZaeq1E-00139-00039191-00039571 priceless all right it's Wednesday well
xhoVSZaeq1E-00140-00039572-00039821 I will not be at the coffee shop today
xhoVSZaeq1E-00141-00039822-00040001 so just a heads up for anybody that
xhoVSZaeq1E-00142-00040002-00040292 stops by there I will be back here
xhoVSZaeq1E-00143-00040293-00040532 though tomorrow with another installment
xhoVSZaeq1E-00144-00040533-00040685 of seven minutes in the morning till
xhoVSZaeq1E-00145-00040686-00040910 then you guys have a great day I'll talk
xhoVSZaeq1E-00146-00040911-00041055 to you then
xhoVSZaeq1E-00147-00041056-00042727 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00000-00000000-00000894 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00001-00000896-00001653 run it up oh 10.
xhCDZWqmdIM-00002-00001654-00002869 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00003-00002870-00005261 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00004-00005262-00005839 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00006-00010070-00012461 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00007-00012462-00013038 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00008-00013040-00013966 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00009-00013968-00014679 [Music]
xhCDZWqmdIM-00010-00014680-00014887 you
xhZnoqyHANE-00000-00000032-00000223 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00001-00000224-00000778 dude oh my god
xhZnoqyHANE-00002-00000779-00001024 [Applause]
xhZnoqyHANE-00003-00001025-00001669 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00004-00001670-00002487 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00005-00002488-00003235 what's up
xhZnoqyHANE-00006-00003236-00004303 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00007-00004304-00004844 come on grab your friends
xhZnoqyHANE-00008-00004845-00006678 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00009-00006679-00007006 ah good morning landau all right i think
xhZnoqyHANE-00010-00007008-00007223 i have some bacon pancakes ready yep i
xhZnoqyHANE-00011-00007223-00007510 do all right let's go
xhZnoqyHANE-00012-00007511-00007727 let's see if jake's awake
xhZnoqyHANE-00013-00007728-00007974 uh hey jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00014-00007975-00008159 sorry i already made some bacon pancakes
xhZnoqyHANE-00015-00008159-00008246 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00016-00008247-00008439 i didn't realize you were at the stove
xhZnoqyHANE-00017-00008440-00008695 trying to cook them
xhZnoqyHANE-00018-00008696-00009078 yeah well well jake well either way um
xhZnoqyHANE-00019-00009079-00009287 we do have a mission to do today
xhZnoqyHANE-00020-00009288-00009503 let me just put that in my inventory
xhZnoqyHANE-00021-00009504-00009646 oh let's all right you ready you ready
xhZnoqyHANE-00022-00009647-00009895 to head off on an adventure
xhZnoqyHANE-00023-00009896-00010071 all right i'll we'll eat the bacon
xhZnoqyHANE-00024-00010072-00010304 pancakes later let's go
xhZnoqyHANE-00025-00010305-00010591 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00026-00010592-00010783 there we go
xhZnoqyHANE-00027-00010784-00010942 all right come on
xhZnoqyHANE-00028-00010943-00011103 and we go
xhZnoqyHANE-00029-00011104-00012046 and go down
xhZnoqyHANE-00030-00012047-00012135 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00031-00012136-00012399 so me and jake just woke up uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00032-00012400-00012638 what are you standing out here for
xhZnoqyHANE-00033-00012639-00012935 well
xhZnoqyHANE-00034-00012936-00013199 training right uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00035-00013200-00013407 yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00036-00013408-00013679 well i think today we should do that
xhZnoqyHANE-00037-00013680-00013901 uh why do you think today because
xhZnoqyHANE-00038-00013902-00014030 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00039-00014031-00014263 why not uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00040-00014263-00014486 okay oh so where are we where are we
xhZnoqyHANE-00041-00014487-00014630 training
xhZnoqyHANE-00042-00014631-00014822 back at my place
xhZnoqyHANE-00043-00014823-00015022 uh how far is it from here is it pretty
xhZnoqyHANE-00044-00015023-00015103 far
xhZnoqyHANE-00045-00015104-00015358 i think i i think i can kind of see it
xhZnoqyHANE-00046-00015359-00015463 later
xhZnoqyHANE-00047-00015463-00015711 that way no i mean i i can almost see in
xhZnoqyHANE-00048-00015712-00015903 the distance yeah it's it's like it
xhZnoqyHANE-00049-00015904-00016127 almost like a tree in the distance
xhZnoqyHANE-00050-00016128-00016327 there's a pity kid is there a beacon
xhZnoqyHANE-00051-00016328-00016607 there because i can't see it yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00052-00016608-00016799 yes all right
xhZnoqyHANE-00053-00016800-00017094 let's go all right come on jake let's
xhZnoqyHANE-00054-00017095-00017271 let's go
xhZnoqyHANE-00055-00017272-00017367 all right
xhZnoqyHANE-00056-00017368-00017471 all right so
xhZnoqyHANE-00057-00017472-00017719 where are we training at
xhZnoqyHANE-00058-00017720-00017975 my place like how like like exactly
xhZnoqyHANE-00059-00017976-00018191 where
xhZnoqyHANE-00060-00018192-00018630 you guys see is it like on it is it like
xhZnoqyHANE-00061-00018631-00018791 part of the island or is it like on
xhZnoqyHANE-00062-00018792-00018991 another island
xhZnoqyHANE-00063-00018992-00019175 it's a
xhZnoqyHANE-00064-00019176-00019399 it's hard to explain but
xhZnoqyHANE-00065-00019400-00019614 you could say it's like odd in the
xhZnoqyHANE-00066-00019615-00019879 island but it's like
xhZnoqyHANE-00067-00019880-00020086 oh you you see it
xhZnoqyHANE-00068-00020087-00020550 uh okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00069-00020551-00020671 so
xhZnoqyHANE-00070-00020672-00020886 what are we training for again something
xhZnoqyHANE-00071-00020887-00021135 it was something about the lich right
xhZnoqyHANE-00072-00021136-00021391 yes correct okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00073-00021392-00021549 thank gosh i remember that
xhZnoqyHANE-00074-00021550-00021694 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00075-00021695-00021783 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00076-00021784-00022175 so so jake do you remember the glitch
xhZnoqyHANE-00077-00022176-00022263 okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00078-00022264-00022447 i just want to make sure
xhZnoqyHANE-00079-00022448-00022735 uh because i don't really remember much
xhZnoqyHANE-00080-00022736-00022935 about him but i know he's like kind of
xhZnoqyHANE-00081-00022936-00023103 evil
xhZnoqyHANE-00082-00023104-00023239 yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00083-00023240-00023350 he is
xhZnoqyHANE-00084-00023351-00023535 i have a little memory loss of what he
xhZnoqyHANE-00085-00023536-00023639 was
xhZnoqyHANE-00086-00023640-00023807 what he once was
xhZnoqyHANE-00087-00023808-00023958 yeah okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00088-00023959-00024167 wait um so
xhZnoqyHANE-00089-00024168-00024519 uh soul but um before we do go there uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00090-00024520-00024719 i do have a question
xhZnoqyHANE-00091-00024720-00025039 yes uh about this uh jerry guy that was
xhZnoqyHANE-00092-00025040-00025239 around earlier
xhZnoqyHANE-00093-00025240-00025614 yeah so what was what was he up to
xhZnoqyHANE-00094-00025616-00025911 did you notice anything weird about him
xhZnoqyHANE-00095-00025912-00026062 yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00096-00026063-00026295 yeah cause uh i know i know that you
xhZnoqyHANE-00097-00026295-00026487 don't know who this jerry character is
xhZnoqyHANE-00098-00026488-00026590 right
xhZnoqyHANE-00099-00026591-00026751 no i do not
xhZnoqyHANE-00100-00026752-00026958 okay i just want to stand clear that
xhZnoqyHANE-00101-00026960-00027143 because i don't know what what is going
xhZnoqyHANE-00102-00027144-00027327 on
xhZnoqyHANE-00103-00027327-00027567 yeah all those say
xhZnoqyHANE-00104-00027568-00027743 you gotta take the boats all right uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00105-00027744-00028062 jake hop in my boat
xhZnoqyHANE-00106-00028063-00028255 or do you want to hop in that boat okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00107-00028256-00028495 go straight all right i'm heading i'm
xhZnoqyHANE-00108-00028495-00028679 headed straight
xhZnoqyHANE-00109-00028680-00028990 uh so this is your tree
xhZnoqyHANE-00110-00028991-00029087 yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00111-00029088-00029255 ah interesting
xhZnoqyHANE-00112-00029256-00029511 indeed you see the beacon now
xhZnoqyHANE-00113-00029512-00029870 uh yes it's it's way up there
xhZnoqyHANE-00114-00029872-00029999 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00115-00030000-00030174 uh so how do we how do we how do we get
xhZnoqyHANE-00116-00030175-00030446 up here many hours later
xhZnoqyHANE-00117-00030447-00030639 i don't i don't actually see you wait up
xhZnoqyHANE-00118-00030639-00030879 huh let me try there we go climb up
xhZnoqyHANE-00119-00030880-00031302 climb up there we go almost i got it
xhZnoqyHANE-00120-00031303-00031558 sorry is that i was dead
xhZnoqyHANE-00121-00031560-00031687 i couldn't really find a way up so i
xhZnoqyHANE-00122-00031688-00031758 just
xhZnoqyHANE-00123-00031760-00031958 decided to climb
xhZnoqyHANE-00124-00031960-00032143 all right drop the tray
xhZnoqyHANE-00125-00032144-00032311 all right this will make sure you guys
xhZnoqyHANE-00126-00032312-00032462 again
xhZnoqyHANE-00127-00032463-00032702 so are we getting into shape
xhZnoqyHANE-00128-00032703-00032839 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00129-00032840-00033023 and uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00130-00033024-00033231 so is there anything you i need for this
xhZnoqyHANE-00131-00033232-00033407 training
xhZnoqyHANE-00132-00033408-00033583 well yeah first
xhZnoqyHANE-00133-00033584-00034594 to the parkour
xhZnoqyHANE-00134-00034595-00035407 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00135-00035408-00036011 now i'm back on my feet
xhZnoqyHANE-00136-00036012-00037511 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00137-00037512-00037831 oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00138-00037832-00038399 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00139-00038400-00038552 is
xhZnoqyHANE-00140-00038553-00039615 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00141-00039616-00039779 is
xhZnoqyHANE-00142-00039780-00041423 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00143-00041424-00041767 okay so um yeah anything else what each
xhZnoqyHANE-00144-00041768-00042102 just punch ready okay i am ready
xhZnoqyHANE-00145-00042103-00042509 all right go
xhZnoqyHANE-00147-00047680-00048415 these
xhZnoqyHANE-00148-00048416-00048502 okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00149-00048503-00048907 so what does jake need the armor for
xhZnoqyHANE-00150-00048908-00049023 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00151-00049024-00049335 punch it out
xhZnoqyHANE-00152-00049336-00049583 okay he's so hot
xhZnoqyHANE-00153-00049584-00050062 it's so hot oh oh my god oh wow
xhZnoqyHANE-00154-00050063-00050174 all right
xhZnoqyHANE-00155-00050175-00050527 okay jake i see you bud all right um so
xhZnoqyHANE-00156-00050528-00050974 uh uh soul uh is that is all we gotta do
xhZnoqyHANE-00157-00050975-00051158 push ups let's go
xhZnoqyHANE-00158-00051159-00051454 uh i don't know if i could do push-ups
xhZnoqyHANE-00159-00051455-00051663 stop am i doing it
xhZnoqyHANE-00160-00051664-00051882 yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00161-00051883-00052207 okay yes they'll get heavier they'll get
xhZnoqyHANE-00162-00052208-00052302 heavier
xhZnoqyHANE-00163-00052303-00052615 the time you push them up
xhZnoqyHANE-00164-00052616-00052830 oh god okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00165-00052832-00052975 i'm trying
xhZnoqyHANE-00166-00052976-00053287 i i am trying my best it's a push-up of
xhZnoqyHANE-00167-00053288-00053694 a lifetime i was just okay okay uh he is
xhZnoqyHANE-00168-00053695-00053847 this thing or
xhZnoqyHANE-00169-00053848-00053926 the
xhZnoqyHANE-00170-00053927-00054094 armor
xhZnoqyHANE-00171-00054095-00054182 all right
xhZnoqyHANE-00172-00054183-00054415 okay all right then there you go
xhZnoqyHANE-00173-00054416-00054654 anyway uh jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00174-00054655-00054863 pass me the ombud all right now now pass
xhZnoqyHANE-00175-00054864-00055399 in the armor
xhZnoqyHANE-00176-00055400-00055799 there we go all righty so uh seoul
xhZnoqyHANE-00177-00055800-00056047 yes uh what do we do next after that
xhZnoqyHANE-00178-00056048-00056199 training
xhZnoqyHANE-00179-00056200-00056294 well
xhZnoqyHANE-00180-00056295-00056566 there'll be four parts like four
xhZnoqyHANE-00181-00056567-00056782 watch the four parts of the train you
xhZnoqyHANE-00182-00056783-00056926 just did one
xhZnoqyHANE-00183-00056927-00057207 that was that was only one of four
xhZnoqyHANE-00184-00057208-00057366 yes baldi
xhZnoqyHANE-00185-00057367-00057750 oh okay well what's over here
xhZnoqyHANE-00186-00057751-00058030 over the chest oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00187-00058032-00058463 a sort of entity a pick act of entity i
xhZnoqyHANE-00188-00058464-00058726 crafted for all hands
xhZnoqyHANE-00189-00058727-00059199 really really did you yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00190-00059200-00059623 interesting
xhZnoqyHANE-00191-00059624-00059871 uh i did see that it does have the and
xhZnoqyHANE-00192-00059872-00060282 it has curse of vanishing one
xhZnoqyHANE-00193-00060283-00060663 okay yes very interesting uh oh oh yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00194-00060664-00060911 soul right here sorry there's your boats
xhZnoqyHANE-00195-00060912-00061159 all right thank you anyways see you guys
xhZnoqyHANE-00196-00061160-00061423 i'll see you guys soon for boy training
xhZnoqyHANE-00197-00061424-00061663 um where's where do you want us to go
xhZnoqyHANE-00198-00061664-00061863 back to the okay i guess we're going
xhZnoqyHANE-00199-00061864-00061991 back home jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00200-00061991-00062142 wait should i say
xhZnoqyHANE-00201-00062144-00062230 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00202-00062232-00062687 the full plus is training said what
xhZnoqyHANE-00203-00062688-00062894 okie dokie
xhZnoqyHANE-00204-00062895-00063290 uh let's go
xhZnoqyHANE-00205-00063291-00063606 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00206-00063607-00063894 all right uh jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00207-00063895-00064142 do you think marceline's here or i think
xhZnoqyHANE-00208-00064144-00064399 so i hope she's here i i have a question
xhZnoqyHANE-00209-00064400-00064487 for her
xhZnoqyHANE-00210-00064488-00064679 uh who's this
xhZnoqyHANE-00211-00064679-00064854 uh hi
xhZnoqyHANE-00212-00064855-00064991 oh hello there
xhZnoqyHANE-00213-00064991-00065094 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00214-00065095-00065326 so what are you wearing there is that a
xhZnoqyHANE-00215-00065327-00065487 spacesuit
xhZnoqyHANE-00216-00065488-00065623 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00217-00065624-00065726 sure
xhZnoqyHANE-00218-00065727-00066103 i see you back shaking bed well yeah uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00219-00066104-00066423 oh oh wait wait are you who you like who
xhZnoqyHANE-00220-00066424-00066655 you think uh you are
xhZnoqyHANE-00221-00066656-00066759 yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00222-00066760-00066982 all right wait are you that almighty god
xhZnoqyHANE-00223-00066983-00067399 soul guard yes indeed oh fresh okay okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00224-00067400-00067655 i was like what because i recognized the
xhZnoqyHANE-00225-00067656-00067926 voice in a way
xhZnoqyHANE-00226-00067927-00068247 uh so what are you where are you off to
xhZnoqyHANE-00227-00068248-00068567 oh i'm just doing some tats
xhZnoqyHANE-00228-00068568-00068815 like i can't really explain it but i
xhZnoqyHANE-00229-00068816-00068982 gotta do some stuff
xhZnoqyHANE-00230-00068983-00069111 oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00231-00069112-00069287 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00232-00069288-00069455 guys do something
xhZnoqyHANE-00233-00069456-00069647 uh well we did kind of want to ask
xhZnoqyHANE-00234-00069648-00069823 marceline something but since you're
xhZnoqyHANE-00235-00069824-00070038 here we can ask you something
xhZnoqyHANE-00236-00070039-00070359 all right uh what uh what exactly are
xhZnoqyHANE-00237-00070360-00070606 you working on
xhZnoqyHANE-00238-00070607-00070911 like i said i can't really say too much
xhZnoqyHANE-00239-00070912-00071087 can you can you explain like like a
xhZnoqyHANE-00240-00071088-00071167 little
xhZnoqyHANE-00241-00071168-00071423 no i cannot i'm sorry
xhZnoqyHANE-00242-00071424-00071655 uh well uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00243-00071656-00071735 so
xhZnoqyHANE-00244-00071736-00071950 okay i do have one question how's this
xhZnoqyHANE-00245-00071951-00072150 portal hole uh ever since we went there
xhZnoqyHANE-00246-00072151-00072303 how's it how's it
xhZnoqyHANE-00247-00072304-00072567 holding very chaos there
xhZnoqyHANE-00248-00072568-00073638 uh why oh i'll give you i'll give you a
xhZnoqyHANE-00249-00073639-00073862 uh what kind of a compass is that
xhZnoqyHANE-00250-00073863-00074150 it's a it's it's
xhZnoqyHANE-00251-00074151-00074350 some way i cannot explain but is that
xhZnoqyHANE-00252-00074351-00074582 the kind of source to the poll hall
xhZnoqyHANE-00253-00074583-00074743 situation
xhZnoqyHANE-00254-00074744-00074823 so
xhZnoqyHANE-00255-00074824-00074991 so you're trying to stabilize the portal
xhZnoqyHANE-00256-00074992-00075135 hall
xhZnoqyHANE-00257-00075136-00075279 basically
xhZnoqyHANE-00258-00075280-00075519 um well i i hope i hope that goes well
xhZnoqyHANE-00259-00075520-00075703 for you um
xhZnoqyHANE-00260-00075704-00075911 are you working with any sort of team or
xhZnoqyHANE-00261-00075912-00076055 anything like that
xhZnoqyHANE-00262-00076056-00076238 no but yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00263-00076239-00076423 so you do you have some people to work
xhZnoqyHANE-00264-00076424-00076582 with you
xhZnoqyHANE-00265-00076583-00076862 no idea so you say it's weird
xhZnoqyHANE-00266-00076863-00077071 it really depends if you have someone to
xhZnoqyHANE-00267-00077072-00077294 work with yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00268-00077295-00077550 so jake you have any questions
xhZnoqyHANE-00269-00077551-00077999 any questions for uh almighty soul
xhZnoqyHANE-00270-00078000-00078215 not in your thoughts so not any thoughts
xhZnoqyHANE-00271-00078216-00078367 for you jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00272-00078368-00078631 all right jake has no questions any
xhZnoqyHANE-00273-00078632-00078838 questions for you for the final question
xhZnoqyHANE-00274-00078839-00079175 uh well my final question is uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00275-00079176-00079350 why did you uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00276-00079351-00079615 come here in the first place
xhZnoqyHANE-00277-00079616-00079919 i had to track something down all right
xhZnoqyHANE-00278-00079920-00080215 uh okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00279-00080216-00080479 is it in this world
xhZnoqyHANE-00280-00080480-00080791 no it was oh well i hope you hope you
xhZnoqyHANE-00281-00080792-00081350 have good luck finding it whatever it is
xhZnoqyHANE-00282-00081351-00081615 yeah i get i get it jake uh so do you
xhZnoqyHANE-00283-00081616-00081767 want to head back
xhZnoqyHANE-00284-00081768-00082111 all right uh jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00285-00082112-00082350 are you ready to head home oh what's
xhZnoqyHANE-00286-00082351-00082455 this
xhZnoqyHANE-00287-00082456-00082703 uh oh i guess i think someone put up a
xhZnoqyHANE-00288-00082704-00082894 map of the land of ooh
xhZnoqyHANE-00289-00082895-00083015 interesting
xhZnoqyHANE-00290-00083016-00083223 uh from
xhZnoqyHANE-00291-00083224-00083343 what
xhZnoqyHANE-00292-00083344-00083543 where
xhZnoqyHANE-00293-00083544-00083647 faded
xhZnoqyHANE-00294-00083648-00083791 what kind what kind of
xhZnoqyHANE-00295-00083792-00083950 name is that i can't
xhZnoqyHANE-00296-00083951-00084311 what is this a gift to finn and jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00297-00084312-00084567 sorry i can't stay here too long because
xhZnoqyHANE-00298-00084568-00084782 i ha i had to go
xhZnoqyHANE-00299-00084783-00085182 back to my world by the way i gave you
xhZnoqyHANE-00300-00085183-00085335 and jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00301-00085336-00085615 and faded from this world p has faded
xhZnoqyHANE-00302-00085616-00085911 from this world you can trust him and
xhZnoqyHANE-00303-00085912-00086238 that and this gift can help you guys
xhZnoqyHANE-00304-00086239-00086615 out to beat elegant and the lich from
xhZnoqyHANE-00305-00086616-00086791 faded hmm
xhZnoqyHANE-00306-00086792-00086882 that's
xhZnoqyHANE-00307-00086883-00087143 interesting okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00308-00087144-00087550 oh uh another one oh a candle flame okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00309-00087551-00087782 oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00310-00087783-00088071 oh you you might want to take that uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00311-00088072-00088262 wait who's after
xhZnoqyHANE-00312-00088263-00088518 wait have you ever heard of f faded i
xhZnoqyHANE-00313-00088519-00088743 don't know what that stands for but oh i
xhZnoqyHANE-00314-00088744-00088935 think that's for someone that that i
xhZnoqyHANE-00315-00088936-00089094 don't know but we might have to leave
xhZnoqyHANE-00316-00089095-00089294 that there yeah we don't know who that
xhZnoqyHANE-00317-00089295-00089431 is yet i don't i've never heard it i
xhZnoqyHANE-00318-00089432-00089655 never heard it i've never heard of that
xhZnoqyHANE-00319-00089656-00089735 oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00320-00089736-00089950 what was that what was that i i heard
xhZnoqyHANE-00321-00089951-00090175 like a whisper did you hear that yeah i
xhZnoqyHANE-00322-00090176-00090431 don't even know what that was uh jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00323-00090432-00090655 i'm gonna go speak with billy bob okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00324-00090656-00090855 all right yeah you head back inside i'm
xhZnoqyHANE-00325-00090856-00091262 gonna go speak with billy bob
xhZnoqyHANE-00326-00091263-00091438 all right i'm off to see
xhZnoqyHANE-00327-00091439-00091767 billy bob hopefully he's at home
xhZnoqyHANE-00328-00091768-00092071 uh billy bob
xhZnoqyHANE-00329-00092072-00092375 uh hey uh hey sorry uh i saw i was a
xhZnoqyHANE-00330-00092376-00092606 little late i heard you were coming back
xhZnoqyHANE-00331-00092607-00092703 from that
xhZnoqyHANE-00332-00092704-00092871 because you you did leave a note to us
xhZnoqyHANE-00333-00092872-00092978 right
xhZnoqyHANE-00334-00092979-00093167 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00335-00093168-00093335 is that correct
xhZnoqyHANE-00336-00093336-00093431 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00337-00093432-00093767 oh okay uh well uh do you want to head
xhZnoqyHANE-00338-00093768-00094079 out on an adventure
xhZnoqyHANE-00339-00094080-00094311 all right uh i don't i don't know what's
xhZnoqyHANE-00340-00094312-00094535 going on but uh i don't know where we're
xhZnoqyHANE-00341-00094536-00094671 gonna go next
xhZnoqyHANE-00342-00094672-00094871 that is that is the one thing i want to
xhZnoqyHANE-00343-00094872-00095135 know like what are we gonna do
xhZnoqyHANE-00344-00095136-00095215 like
xhZnoqyHANE-00345-00095216-00095423 when is the second part of our uh my
xhZnoqyHANE-00346-00095424-00095647 training you know
xhZnoqyHANE-00347-00095648-00095855 yeah because me uh you know that jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00348-00095856-00096047 and i were training right
xhZnoqyHANE-00349-00096048-00096182 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00350-00096183-00096399 well billy bob let's go on on an
xhZnoqyHANE-00351-00096400-00096535 adventure
xhZnoqyHANE-00352-00096536-00096750 yep i don't want to go on too big of an
xhZnoqyHANE-00353-00096751-00096982 adventure billy bob because i i did some
xhZnoqyHANE-00354-00096983-00097199 training earlier as you know
xhZnoqyHANE-00355-00097200-00097535 yeah and i am a little exhausted but i
xhZnoqyHANE-00356-00097536-00097647 can manage
xhZnoqyHANE-00357-00097648-00097743 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00358-00097744-00097974 who's that
xhZnoqyHANE-00359-00097975-00098174 wait is that isn't that the car we
xhZnoqyHANE-00360-00098175-00098391 haven't we haven't met before
xhZnoqyHANE-00361-00098392-00098591 wait a minute
xhZnoqyHANE-00362-00098592-00098806 uh hello
xhZnoqyHANE-00363-00098807-00099111 yeah uh what's what's your name i'm
xhZnoqyHANE-00364-00099112-00099399 faded fantasy favorite for sure oh so
xhZnoqyHANE-00365-00099400-00099615 like the fans the fantasy painted kind
xhZnoqyHANE-00366-00099616-00099855 of like fantasy soul right
xhZnoqyHANE-00367-00099856-00100111 oh so so are you two brothers
xhZnoqyHANE-00368-00100112-00100374 in any way that's a secret um all right
xhZnoqyHANE-00369-00100375-00100574 then i guess uh but there i think there
xhZnoqyHANE-00370-00100575-00100831 was a gift for you at the front
xhZnoqyHANE-00371-00100832-00101038 because we did we didn't know for sure
xhZnoqyHANE-00372-00101039-00101279 because it said f faded like fantasy
xhZnoqyHANE-00373-00101280-00101415 faded
xhZnoqyHANE-00374-00101416-00101662 oh wow yeah yeah there's a sword in
xhZnoqyHANE-00375-00101663-00101935 there and it's from another faded that
xhZnoqyHANE-00376-00101936-00102350 you may or may not know what i'm telling
xhZnoqyHANE-00377-00102351-00102406 so you
xhZnoqyHANE-00378-00102407-00102606 gave me a clockwork
xhZnoqyHANE-00379-00102607-00102815 it's it's a type of sweat but it's not
xhZnoqyHANE-00380-00102816-00102910 real
xhZnoqyHANE-00381-00102911-00103142 it's it's typing weapon so what kind of
xhZnoqyHANE-00382-00103143-00103263 a weapon is it
xhZnoqyHANE-00383-00103264-00103471 it's a sword weapon it does pretty good
xhZnoqyHANE-00384-00103472-00103686 damage you were saying
xhZnoqyHANE-00385-00103688-00103886 oh see this is this is type of weapon
xhZnoqyHANE-00386-00103888-00104134 that's very hard to come by
xhZnoqyHANE-00387-00104135-00104351 very hard to come by you say
xhZnoqyHANE-00388-00104352-00104790 yes look at you guys got uh well uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00389-00104791-00105334 well for jake he got a bow and arrow and
xhZnoqyHANE-00390-00105335-00105439 well
xhZnoqyHANE-00391-00105440-00105663 well you can't really see it because uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00392-00105664-00105878 he brought it inside with him
xhZnoqyHANE-00393-00105879-00106071 yeah pretty much
xhZnoqyHANE-00394-00106072-00106319 what weapon that is uh well hold on let
xhZnoqyHANE-00395-00106320-00106510 me see it's a candle flame with fire
xhZnoqyHANE-00396-00106511-00106758 aspect 2 and unbreaking 3. i can see the
xhZnoqyHANE-00397-00106759-00107078 flames coming out a little bit on it too
xhZnoqyHANE-00398-00107079-00107310 it's kind of kind of yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00399-00107311-00107551 interesting it's very that that's very
xhZnoqyHANE-00400-00107552-00107871 strong to actually deal with it is a
xhZnoqyHANE-00401-00107872-00108134 pretty strong sword i think i don't know
xhZnoqyHANE-00402-00108135-00108295 let me guess
xhZnoqyHANE-00403-00108296-00108583 i mean i do have another sword from uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00404-00108583-00108886 um the soul fantasies hole
xhZnoqyHANE-00405-00108888-00109071 oh he he gave me one with curse of
xhZnoqyHANE-00406-00109072-00109271 vanishing and i'm breaking three come on
xhZnoqyHANE-00407-00109272-00109534 let me guess jake has a you guys call it
xhZnoqyHANE-00408-00109535-00109902 bo but it's actually a philosophy
xhZnoqyHANE-00409-00109903-00110134 well i guess yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00410-00110135-00110615 and it's a poison a frozen poison bullet
xhZnoqyHANE-00411-00110616-00110719 um
xhZnoqyHANE-00412-00110720-00111039 yeah so uh billy bob yeah uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00413-00111040-00111166 you you haven't seen this guy around
xhZnoqyHANE-00414-00111167-00111254 have you
xhZnoqyHANE-00415-00111255-00111383 fantasy soul
xhZnoqyHANE-00416-00111383-00111615 fantasy faded
xhZnoqyHANE-00417-00111616-00111871 no he has not nobody has because i'm i'm
xhZnoqyHANE-00418-00111872-00112071 very one of the people that
xhZnoqyHANE-00419-00112072-00112278 becomes like who who just keep
xhZnoqyHANE-00420-00112279-00112407 adventuring
xhZnoqyHANE-00421-00112408-00112727 so you're just a mentoring kind of guy
xhZnoqyHANE-00422-00112728-00112975 no i'm here to find the sources that
xhZnoqyHANE-00423-00112976-00113286 a world got stolen a relic what kind of
xhZnoqyHANE-00424-00113288-00113863 relic very dangerous one really
xhZnoqyHANE-00425-00113864-00114071 wait a minute i i keep hearing all about
xhZnoqyHANE-00426-00114072-00114231 this lich guy and i don't remember much
xhZnoqyHANE-00427-00114232-00114471 about him he says he's very
xhZnoqyHANE-00428-00114472-00114775 bad i i know he like i said i know he's
xhZnoqyHANE-00429-00114776-00115078 probably evil yes indeed that's all i
xhZnoqyHANE-00430-00115079-00115231 remember i don't remember much about
xhZnoqyHANE-00431-00115232-00115447 them so let's just say what looks like
xhZnoqyHANE-00432-00115448-00115590 there's a weapon out there that could
xhZnoqyHANE-00433-00115591-00115766 take take it out that's i'm also trying
xhZnoqyHANE-00434-00115767-00115902 to find as well
xhZnoqyHANE-00435-00115903-00116183 i i know the shackle okay but i have
xhZnoqyHANE-00436-00116183-00116566 i had to go lay on sometimes sometimes
xhZnoqyHANE-00437-00116567-00116815 one sometimes before though 205 i had to
xhZnoqyHANE-00438-00116816-00117110 go see seoul fancy soul oh well i mean
xhZnoqyHANE-00439-00117111-00117310 fantasy soul kind of lives in that tree
xhZnoqyHANE-00440-00117311-00117463 way in the distance
xhZnoqyHANE-00441-00117464-00117599 i know and
xhZnoqyHANE-00442-00117600-00117807 you've seen this beacon right i visited
xhZnoqyHANE-00443-00117808-00118054 myself i visited him every single day oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00444-00118055-00118254 dear that wasn't there for you guys
xhZnoqyHANE-00445-00118255-00118447 training well yeah molly i know you
xhZnoqyHANE-00446-00118448-00118639 weren't there for the training but
xhZnoqyHANE-00447-00118640-00118847 so tell me about this tell me about the
xhZnoqyHANE-00448-00118848-00119071 glitch
xhZnoqyHANE-00449-00119072-00119158 well
xhZnoqyHANE-00450-00119159-00119390 i don't know but okay so
xhZnoqyHANE-00451-00119391-00119710 uh okay hold on a sec uh billy bob
xhZnoqyHANE-00452-00119711-00120015 yeah i have one question for you
xhZnoqyHANE-00453-00120016-00120286 uh so you may i know you weren't here
xhZnoqyHANE-00454-00120288-00120383 right
xhZnoqyHANE-00455-00120383-00120519 you weren't here you weren't here way
xhZnoqyHANE-00456-00120520-00120766 before before you uh this whole mess
xhZnoqyHANE-00457-00120767-00120895 started
xhZnoqyHANE-00458-00120896-00121102 yeah well i i know you were just trying
xhZnoqyHANE-00459-00121103-00121247 to get like trying to get settled in
xhZnoqyHANE-00460-00121248-00121471 again because you were coming back
xhZnoqyHANE-00461-00121472-00121551 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00462-00121552-00121766 well i get that but uh also there's a
xhZnoqyHANE-00463-00121767-00121975 story you may not have known
xhZnoqyHANE-00464-00121976-00122199 can i can i explain it to you both you
xhZnoqyHANE-00465-00122200-00122454 might guess well uh let's take a walk
xhZnoqyHANE-00466-00122455-00122631 all right just just come with me walk
xhZnoqyHANE-00467-00122632-00122863 and talk walk and talk talk yes a little
xhZnoqyHANE-00468-00122864-00123078 walk and talk so
xhZnoqyHANE-00469-00123079-00123247 as we're walking here i'll show you when
xhZnoqyHANE-00470-00123248-00123439 we get there but uh we we were there
xhZnoqyHANE-00471-00123440-00123807 earlier uh just talk to uh whatever
xhZnoqyHANE-00472-00123808-00123943 like this uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00473-00123944-00124271 what's his name almighty god soul
xhZnoqyHANE-00474-00124272-00124527 let me see what we think to my rule
xhZnoqyHANE-00475-00124528-00124854 well we were going to but uh i had i had
xhZnoqyHANE-00476-00124855-00125183 an idea to talk about before we go there
xhZnoqyHANE-00477-00125183-00125447 um so i'll show you something it's a
xhZnoqyHANE-00478-00125448-00125671 it's a little bit of a story so
xhZnoqyHANE-00479-00125672-00125886 before we when we went to my role uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00480-00125888-00126086 billy bob you may not have known
xhZnoqyHANE-00481-00126088-00126247 you may not have known
xhZnoqyHANE-00482-00126248-00126551 but uh do you remember elegant flashback
xhZnoqyHANE-00483-00126552-00126647 so
xhZnoqyHANE-00484-00126648-00126975 uh we're finally back oh oh jeez out
xhZnoqyHANE-00485-00126976-00127063 ow
xhZnoqyHANE-00486-00127064-00127335 what hey what was that all about
xhZnoqyHANE-00487-00127336-00127527 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00488-00127528-00127766 don't worry about it
xhZnoqyHANE-00489-00127767-00128143 oh jake and a flashback probably do you
xhZnoqyHANE-00490-00128144-00128407 remember that guy named elegant i
xhZnoqyHANE-00491-00128408-00128583 i heard of him
xhZnoqyHANE-00492-00128583-00128790 well let's just say let's just say
xhZnoqyHANE-00493-00128791-00128999 there's a little story billy bob wasn't
xhZnoqyHANE-00494-00129000-00129254 there for i think it was mostly me and
xhZnoqyHANE-00495-00129255-00129519 jake but let me show you where exactly
xhZnoqyHANE-00496-00129520-00129678 this happened so
xhZnoqyHANE-00497-00129679-00129839 i'm just kind of showing you where it
xhZnoqyHANE-00498-00129840-00130063 happened it's like right up this hill uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00499-00130064-00130286 right up this little hill up here so you
xhZnoqyHANE-00500-00130288-00130471 come up here right it's like it kind of
xhZnoqyHANE-00501-00130472-00130790 like happened like down here somewhere
xhZnoqyHANE-00502-00130791-00130999 i think i think it kind of got patched
xhZnoqyHANE-00503-00131000-00131175 somewhere it was like down here
xhZnoqyHANE-00504-00131176-00131447 somewhere like on this hill
xhZnoqyHANE-00505-00131448-00131647 oh don't don't head down there just come
xhZnoqyHANE-00506-00131648-00131935 back up here don't ask me how i'm flying
xhZnoqyHANE-00507-00131936-00132135 oh wait wait where'd you go
xhZnoqyHANE-00508-00132136-00132311 oh oh there you are
xhZnoqyHANE-00509-00132312-00132511 okay uh i don't want to ask but it
xhZnoqyHANE-00510-00132512-00132695 happened right right on the side of this
xhZnoqyHANE-00511-00132696-00132814 mountain here
xhZnoqyHANE-00512-00132815-00132999 but they kind of patched it up after all
xhZnoqyHANE-00513-00133000-00133143 that happened
xhZnoqyHANE-00514-00133144-00133414 but basically there was a cage and like
xhZnoqyHANE-00515-00133415-00133527 a hole
xhZnoqyHANE-00516-00133528-00133735 and uh we cut me and jake kind of got
xhZnoqyHANE-00517-00133736-00133935 pushed by someone
xhZnoqyHANE-00518-00133936-00134231 and we got pushed down into a hole
xhZnoqyHANE-00519-00134232-00134383 and we got saved
xhZnoqyHANE-00520-00134384-00134695 so guess who pushed us down in the hole
xhZnoqyHANE-00521-00134696-00135014 yeah he kind of betrayed us
xhZnoqyHANE-00522-00135015-00135263 interesting because i have perfect and
xhZnoqyHANE-00523-00135264-00135543 we have and we haven't seen him since so
xhZnoqyHANE-00524-00135544-00135711 billy bob i know it's a bit of a tragic
xhZnoqyHANE-00525-00135712-00135935 story but uh yeah we kind of got trapped
xhZnoqyHANE-00526-00135936-00136175 and got saved by someone named
xhZnoqyHANE-00527-00136176-00136399 soul like another soul somewhere like
xhZnoqyHANE-00528-00136400-00136727 another soul from like the outer space
xhZnoqyHANE-00529-00136728-00136935 so he sounds like something
xhZnoqyHANE-00530-00136936-00137102 up there up there somewhere in the
xhZnoqyHANE-00531-00137103-00137319 galaxy basically yeah i don't know where
xhZnoqyHANE-00532-00137320-00137519 he came from he just decided to come
xhZnoqyHANE-00533-00137520-00137702 save us because i i don't know how he
xhZnoqyHANE-00534-00137703-00137935 knew we were in trouble buddy but lola
xhZnoqyHANE-00535-00137936-00138127 was there um
xhZnoqyHANE-00536-00138128-00138295 yeah yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00537-00138296-00138519 yeah lola was with us and
xhZnoqyHANE-00538-00138520-00138702 lola got pushed down there as well
xhZnoqyHANE-00539-00138703-00138902 saying i i do also listen richard's
xhZnoqyHANE-00540-00138903-00139111 research everybody wait a minute wait a
xhZnoqyHANE-00541-00139112-00139295 minute do you guys see what's over there
xhZnoqyHANE-00542-00139296-00139399 behind the
xhZnoqyHANE-00543-00139400-00139671 candy kingdom yeah see wait isn't that
xhZnoqyHANE-00544-00139672-00139902 kind of like a training course what kind
xhZnoqyHANE-00545-00139903-00140102 of training course is that i think it's
xhZnoqyHANE-00546-00140103-00140207 great
xhZnoqyHANE-00547-00140208-00140423 it looks like it looks broken
xhZnoqyHANE-00548-00140424-00140566 it looks broken
xhZnoqyHANE-00549-00140567-00140695 you stay out
xhZnoqyHANE-00550-00140696-00141087 what's up uh oh uh you you wait you're
xhZnoqyHANE-00551-00141088-00141366 swimming through fire belly bob are you
xhZnoqyHANE-00552-00141367-00141702 are you good yeah i'm good
xhZnoqyHANE-00553-00141703-00141839 this isn't good
xhZnoqyHANE-00554-00141840-00141919 oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00555-00141920-00142239 no kidding i also cast a spell in here
xhZnoqyHANE-00556-00142240-00142566 so that's why interesting okay yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00557-00142567-00142839 it's it's magic that's really weird okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00558-00142840-00143095 and not know that so this issue
xhZnoqyHANE-00559-00143096-00143335 yeah it looks like a firing range
xhZnoqyHANE-00560-00143336-00143559 wait that kind of looks rusted out a bit
xhZnoqyHANE-00561-00143560-00143790 but this looks kind of like an old area
xhZnoqyHANE-00562-00143791-00143990 wait a minute lola did say she was like
xhZnoqyHANE-00563-00143991-00144295 a trainer before one sec like she was
xhZnoqyHANE-00564-00144296-00144526 like did some training yeah this yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00565-00144527-00144695 this has been this looks like it's been
xhZnoqyHANE-00566-00144696-00144935 attacked really
xhZnoqyHANE-00567-00144936-00145047 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00568-00145048-00145351 how how like how attacked
xhZnoqyHANE-00569-00145352-00145478 come over here
xhZnoqyHANE-00570-00145479-00145647 okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00571-00145648-00146031 look at this one this this is sword
xhZnoqyHANE-00572-00146032-00146335 oh i kind of see it yeah i see it whoo
xhZnoqyHANE-00573-00146336-00146614 okay so okay so like who who might have
xhZnoqyHANE-00574-00146615-00146839 attacked this uh training course
xhZnoqyHANE-00575-00146840-00147102 what i i can't i
xhZnoqyHANE-00576-00147103-00147166 or cannot tell
xhZnoqyHANE-00577-00147167-00147335 i cannot tell they might they must have
xhZnoqyHANE-00578-00147336-00147643 been here to attack something oh someone
xhZnoqyHANE-00579-00147644-00147999 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00580-00148000-00148414 i also have some i i i have um
xhZnoqyHANE-00581-00148415-00149263 i i
xhZnoqyHANE-00582-00149264-00149431 let me tell you a story in how we met
xhZnoqyHANE-00583-00149432-00149823 him okay so basically one day we're just
xhZnoqyHANE-00584-00149824-00149999 venturing off right we're just we're
xhZnoqyHANE-00585-00150000-00150271 just walking along and uh we end up
xhZnoqyHANE-00586-00150272-00150502 seeing this guy and the and living in my
xhZnoqyHANE-00587-00150503-00150799 role named elegant and he lives pretty
xhZnoqyHANE-00588-00150800-00150871 much
xhZnoqyHANE-00589-00150872-00151143 in the in the back like in the back of
xhZnoqyHANE-00590-00151144-00151414 my role i i like he's i don't know it's
xhZnoqyHANE-00591-00151415-00151495 like
xhZnoqyHANE-00592-00151496-00151647 somehow
xhZnoqyHANE-00593-00151648-00151831 he takes my rules
xhZnoqyHANE-00594-00151832-00152111 well we can take a look but uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00595-00152112-00152335 we'll walk there and i'll let you know
xhZnoqyHANE-00596-00152336-00152678 what's going on here so basically
xhZnoqyHANE-00597-00152679-00152926 basically elegant was uh he was kind of
xhZnoqyHANE-00598-00152927-00153231 our friend to begin with at first
xhZnoqyHANE-00599-00153232-00153366 and and uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00600-00153367-00153614 so my role got kind of covered in ice at
xhZnoqyHANE-00601-00153615-00153783 some point
xhZnoqyHANE-00602-00153784-00154039 right i wasn't even here yeah i don't
xhZnoqyHANE-00603-00154040-00154247 think billy bob was there for it
xhZnoqyHANE-00604-00154248-00154495 no he wasn't um but the my rule got
xhZnoqyHANE-00605-00154496-00154735 covered in ice and basically
xhZnoqyHANE-00606-00154736-00154854 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00607-00154855-00155087 basically we were going there and it was
xhZnoqyHANE-00608-00155088-00155278 covered in ice and next thing you know
xhZnoqyHANE-00609-00155279-00155478 after the ice fully
xhZnoqyHANE-00610-00155479-00155783 recovered we like they rebuilt this the
xhZnoqyHANE-00611-00155784-00155926 town
xhZnoqyHANE-00612-00155927-00156119 yes they kind of fixed it up so
xhZnoqyHANE-00613-00156120-00156359 basically after they fixed the town
xhZnoqyHANE-00614-00156360-00156614 um a little strange thing started to
xhZnoqyHANE-00615-00156615-00156807 happen like elegance started
xhZnoqyHANE-00616-00156808-00157031 disappearing we never saw him ever since
xhZnoqyHANE-00617-00157032-00157359 he backstabbed us and basically
xhZnoqyHANE-00618-00157360-00157543 was he acting sick
xhZnoqyHANE-00619-00157544-00157823 well yeah kinda did we actually fish
xhZnoqyHANE-00620-00157824-00157951 before
xhZnoqyHANE-00621-00157952-00158223 well not beforehand no i mean he was
xhZnoqyHANE-00622-00158224-00158439 staying at our place but
xhZnoqyHANE-00623-00158440-00158678 yeah it's taken to take him to alex's um
xhZnoqyHANE-00624-00158679-00158990 house well well it's it's past around
xhZnoqyHANE-00625-00158991-00159175 these mountains like it's it's kind of
xhZnoqyHANE-00626-00159176-00159359 like a like a little it's kind of like a
xhZnoqyHANE-00627-00159360-00159566 little viking village in a way if you
xhZnoqyHANE-00628-00159567-00159743 want to call it that so this viking
xhZnoqyHANE-00629-00159744-00159990 village uh i don't know it's like a
xhZnoqyHANE-00630-00159991-00160214 really nice little small little town a
xhZnoqyHANE-00631-00160215-00160423 nice humble little town and also we met
xhZnoqyHANE-00632-00160424-00160711 a guy there named tundra and he's
xhZnoqyHANE-00633-00160712-00160878 basically like a potion maker potion
xhZnoqyHANE-00634-00160879-00161143 seller the reason i asked them to take
xhZnoqyHANE-00635-00161144-00161302 me there because
xhZnoqyHANE-00636-00161303-00161511 i'm going citric grounds to see anything
xhZnoqyHANE-00637-00161512-00161719 well he might have not left anything
xhZnoqyHANE-00638-00161720-00161926 behind because he probably covers his
xhZnoqyHANE-00639-00161927-00162078 tracks
xhZnoqyHANE-00640-00162079-00162223 we'll take a quick look all right we're
xhZnoqyHANE-00641-00162224-00162439 here anyway here's my roll as you can
xhZnoqyHANE-00642-00162440-00162775 see so his color is green lime green as
xhZnoqyHANE-00643-00162776-00162975 you can see this is his place do you
xhZnoqyHANE-00644-00162976-00163135 want us to stay out here
xhZnoqyHANE-00645-00163136-00163390 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00646-00163391-00163599 all right all right i'll close it uh so
xhZnoqyHANE-00647-00163600-00163847 billy bob yeah you so about this whole
xhZnoqyHANE-00648-00163848-00164151 backstabbing thing um this yeah he kind
xhZnoqyHANE-00649-00164152-00164399 of disappeared after he backstabbed us
xhZnoqyHANE-00650-00164400-00164487 oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00651-00164488-00164702 yeah well we don't know where he went
xhZnoqyHANE-00652-00164703-00164799 but
xhZnoqyHANE-00653-00164800-00165007 ever since his so-called relic went
xhZnoqyHANE-00654-00165008-00165223 missing somehow i think it might have
xhZnoqyHANE-00655-00165224-00165454 been elegant to be honest with you
xhZnoqyHANE-00656-00165455-00165590 yeah i think
xhZnoqyHANE-00657-00165591-00165799 because because like if you think about
xhZnoqyHANE-00658-00165800-00166007 it he's kind of like a double agent okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00659-00166008-00166343 i just found something or some
xhZnoqyHANE-00660-00166344-00166487 something
xhZnoqyHANE-00661-00166488-00166647 okay so like what kind of thing did you
xhZnoqyHANE-00662-00166648-00167047 find you may maybe maybe surprise this
xhZnoqyHANE-00663-00167048-00167238 really so did did
xhZnoqyHANE-00664-00167239-00167423 it was something actually left behind
xhZnoqyHANE-00665-00167424-00167559 yes it was
xhZnoqyHANE-00666-00167560-00167695 oh what's that
xhZnoqyHANE-00667-00167696-00167935 all right so what did you find there a
xhZnoqyHANE-00668-00167936-00168038 fountain
xhZnoqyHANE-00669-00168039-00168631 brings
xhZnoqyHANE-00670-00168632-00168726 oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00671-00168727-00169071 wait a minute i know someone named ultra
xhZnoqyHANE-00672-00169072-00169271 well listen so he's like he's he was
xhZnoqyHANE-00673-00169272-00169447 kind of chilling this guy ultra i was
xhZnoqyHANE-00674-00169448-00169638 chilling at like the front of the candy
xhZnoqyHANE-00675-00169639-00169783 kingdom
xhZnoqyHANE-00676-00169784-00169935 wait a minute
xhZnoqyHANE-00677-00169936-00170102 let me just have this a little bit of
xhZnoqyHANE-00678-00170103-00170383 the end of see i can get who is it well
xhZnoqyHANE-00679-00170384-00170471 okay
xhZnoqyHANE-00680-00170472-00170711 he was back of the candy kingdom yes
xhZnoqyHANE-00681-00170712-00170863 that is true
xhZnoqyHANE-00682-00170864-00171038 that's not what all i found what else
xhZnoqyHANE-00683-00171039-00171399 did you find in there you say
xhZnoqyHANE-00684-00171400-00171735 i found a head there a head like whose
xhZnoqyHANE-00685-00171736-00172119 head like what this was next to it ultra
xhZnoqyHANE-00686-00172120-00172231 ultra
xhZnoqyHANE-00687-00172232-00172526 wait did ultra get slain by elegant it
xhZnoqyHANE-00688-00172527-00172871 looks like it oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00689-00172872-00173038 uh well
xhZnoqyHANE-00690-00173039-00173135 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00691-00173136-00173535 that's interesting
xhZnoqyHANE-00692-00173536-00173881 do you have a sign
xhZnoqyHANE-00693-00173882-00173999 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00694-00174000-00174087 uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00695-00174088-00174214 i don't know if i can play okay i'm
xhZnoqyHANE-00696-00174215-00174375 gonna place it now
xhZnoqyHANE-00697-00174376-00174590 all right let's write in here uh let's
xhZnoqyHANE-00698-00174591-00174847 see okay okay there we go restricted
xhZnoqyHANE-00699-00174848-00175166 area yes that's just weird
xhZnoqyHANE-00700-00175167-00175414 okay yep that's that let's not talk
xhZnoqyHANE-00701-00175415-00175575 about that and just let's just keep that
xhZnoqyHANE-00702-00175576-00175751 let's just let's not talk about that
xhZnoqyHANE-00703-00175752-00175895 ever happening
xhZnoqyHANE-00704-00175896-00176119 there's also his resources his other hat
xhZnoqyHANE-00705-00176120-00176278 i'm just gonna hate to the blood just in
xhZnoqyHANE-00706-00176279-00176638 case okay anyway uh you good billy bob
xhZnoqyHANE-00707-00176639-00176726 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00708-00176727-00176943 okay all right stay here
xhZnoqyHANE-00709-00176944-00177190 i need to tell them something else well
xhZnoqyHANE-00710-00177191-00177566 i said well i was talking here
xhZnoqyHANE-00711-00177567-00177863 these body parts are cut up in the air
xhZnoqyHANE-00712-00177864-00177983 we're just we're just going to ignore
xhZnoqyHANE-00713-00177984-00178199 the fact that that that even happened oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00714-00178200-00178511 yeah there was plus there was also
xhZnoqyHANE-00715-00178512-00178614 everything
xhZnoqyHANE-00716-00178615-00178854 it says the note on this is everything
xhZnoqyHANE-00717-00178855-00179283 all right all right uh so what's next
xhZnoqyHANE-00718-00179284-00179407 um get
xhZnoqyHANE-00719-00179408-00179543 believed
xhZnoqyHANE-00720-00179544-00179678 oh what's his name
xhZnoqyHANE-00721-00179679-00179911 uh billy bob billy bob well where'd you
xhZnoqyHANE-00722-00179912-00180023 go bud
xhZnoqyHANE-00723-00180024-00180223 oh was he hiding
xhZnoqyHANE-00724-00180224-00180319 oh yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00725-00180320-00180743 you guys went off
xhZnoqyHANE-00726-00180744-00180926 so you were just chilling back here why
xhZnoqyHANE-00727-00180927-00181031 am i
xhZnoqyHANE-00728-00181032-00181335 writing in your diary writing
xhZnoqyHANE-00729-00181336-00181502 let's just get out of here well all
xhZnoqyHANE-00730-00181503-00181647 right all right somewhere all right all
xhZnoqyHANE-00731-00181648-00181919 right if you if you want uh because uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00732-00181920-00182071 i know a lot of strange stuff has been
xhZnoqyHANE-00733-00182072-00182351 happening and i did not know they
xhZnoqyHANE-00734-00182352-00182590 well you know what happened
xhZnoqyHANE-00735-00182591-00182799 yeah yeah we don't want we don't want to
xhZnoqyHANE-00736-00182800-00183047 talk about that
xhZnoqyHANE-00737-00183048-00183399 no no no no no
xhZnoqyHANE-00738-00183400-00183663 all right let's get out of here uh billy
xhZnoqyHANE-00739-00183664-00183814 bob
xhZnoqyHANE-00740-00183815-00183943 yeah do you have any do you have
xhZnoqyHANE-00741-00183944-00184143 anything to work on at home or
xhZnoqyHANE-00742-00184144-00184375 are you good probably need to look for
xhZnoqyHANE-00743-00184376-00184575 my one one pad
xhZnoqyHANE-00744-00184576-00184759 oh okay so you're gonna go look for your
xhZnoqyHANE-00745-00184760-00184887 pet
xhZnoqyHANE-00746-00184888-00184990 what
xhZnoqyHANE-00747-00184991-00185231 uh well i mean i i
xhZnoqyHANE-00748-00185232-00185478 might need to reunite with jake i don't
xhZnoqyHANE-00749-00185479-00185702 ask how i'm washing the water
xhZnoqyHANE-00750-00185703-00185878 i don't ask questions
xhZnoqyHANE-00751-00185879-00186023 all right billy bob
xhZnoqyHANE-00752-00186024-00186423 uh go go get your pet what you what
xhZnoqyHANE-00753-00186424-00186535 i don't know i'm just gonna i'm just
xhZnoqyHANE-00754-00186536-00186759 gonna let him chill in his house and uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00755-00186760-00186990 get it get his pet situated all right
xhZnoqyHANE-00756-00186991-00187190 let's uh do you wanna head over there
xhZnoqyHANE-00757-00187191-00187431 now yes i need that straight question i
xhZnoqyHANE-00758-00187432-00187719 need to ask him some information some
xhZnoqyHANE-00759-00187720-00187926 information i hope jake knows about it
xhZnoqyHANE-00760-00187927-00188087 that's why i asked him though see if he
xhZnoqyHANE-00761-00188088-00188319 knows anything information though that i
xhZnoqyHANE-00762-00188320-00188502 can get more into him
xhZnoqyHANE-00763-00188503-00188719 and specifically to the right so we can
xhZnoqyHANE-00764-00188720-00188959 race here and to
xhZnoqyHANE-00765-00188960-00189102 end him
xhZnoqyHANE-00766-00189103-00189414 is he is he inside i mean i i hope he's
xhZnoqyHANE-00767-00189415-00189519 in here
xhZnoqyHANE-00768-00189520-00189902 jake oh there is he up here
xhZnoqyHANE-00769-00189903-00190199 hello
xhZnoqyHANE-00770-00190200-00190423 oh he's in his room uh come upstairs oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00771-00190424-00190590 there we go nevermind just come down
xhZnoqyHANE-00772-00190591-00190783 here he has some information to ask you
xhZnoqyHANE-00773-00190784-00191007 uh uh i know i i know the team sketched
xhZnoqyHANE-00774-00191008-00191071 it
xhZnoqyHANE-00775-00191072-00191143 but
xhZnoqyHANE-00776-00191144-00191359 do you know any information about
xhZnoqyHANE-00777-00191360-00191559 everything any information about elegant
xhZnoqyHANE-00778-00191560-00191726 that you may know jake because i know
xhZnoqyHANE-00779-00191727-00192407 that we were recently attacked uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00780-00192408-00192607 yeah his name is uh faded
xhZnoqyHANE-00781-00192608-00192790 or fantasy faded
xhZnoqyHANE-00782-00192791-00192950 you know you look like you practice like
xhZnoqyHANE-00783-00192951-00193159 some sort of black magic
xhZnoqyHANE-00784-00193160-00193623 that's just going with them
xhZnoqyHANE-00785-00193624-00193799 i'm just saying though the outfit choice
xhZnoqyHANE-00786-00193800-00194047 makes me look like you know jake is
xhZnoqyHANE-00787-00194048-00194190 there anything else you know about
xhZnoqyHANE-00788-00194191-00194526 elegant that you can give him
xhZnoqyHANE-00789-00194527-00194687 okay he can't think right now well is
xhZnoqyHANE-00790-00194688-00194814 there anything that you may know that
xhZnoqyHANE-00791-00194815-00195071 you've come across or i can say
xhZnoqyHANE-00792-00195072-00195271 there's some guy that
xhZnoqyHANE-00793-00195272-00195543 i had been trying to trap down so you
xhZnoqyHANE-00794-00195544-00195719 have been trying to track down elegance
xhZnoqyHANE-00795-00195720-00195975 why didn't i stop and i can't yeah you
xhZnoqyHANE-00796-00195976-00196087 guys know
xhZnoqyHANE-00797-00196088-00196319 well that's all we know listen so he
xhZnoqyHANE-00798-00196320-00196495 tried to be a pretend to be a little
xhZnoqyHANE-00799-00196496-00196678 goodie two shoes and then he just kind
xhZnoqyHANE-00800-00196679-00196863 of stabbed us in the back double agent
xhZnoqyHANE-00801-00196864-00197102 movement yep pretty much i'm trying to
xhZnoqyHANE-00802-00197103-00197502 try to get our track and bring it back
xhZnoqyHANE-00803-00197503-00197583 well
xhZnoqyHANE-00804-00197584-00197775 i didn't really see him around so i
xhZnoqyHANE-00805-00197776-00197966 don't really know where he could be well
xhZnoqyHANE-00806-00197967-00198214 uh yeah is is that is that all you got
xhZnoqyHANE-00807-00198215-00198471 to talk about mr fancy faded call me
xhZnoqyHANE-00808-00198472-00198687 yeah for sure don't twist i don't want
xhZnoqyHANE-00809-00198688-00199375 to leave some fancy things coming
xhZnoqyHANE-00810-00199376-00199583 yeah oh i was just uh i was just saying
xhZnoqyHANE-00811-00199584-00199759 that you you could go down you could go
xhZnoqyHANE-00812-00199760-00199983 now or it's up to you there's a couple
xhZnoqyHANE-00813-00199984-00200135 of things there's something like my app
xhZnoqyHANE-00814-00200136-00200359 i'll be stopping dollars on my app all
xhZnoqyHANE-00815-00200360-00200535 right uh final question was the ice
xhZnoqyHANE-00816-00200536-00200719 cream where's the ice king i haven't
xhZnoqyHANE-00817-00200720-00200950 been keeping track of him well all i
xhZnoqyHANE-00818-00200951-00201166 know is i heard a teleporting sound way
xhZnoqyHANE-00819-00201167-00201407 wild like a long while ago
xhZnoqyHANE-00820-00201408-00201487 like
xhZnoqyHANE-00821-00201488-00201663 probably like not even about a month ago
xhZnoqyHANE-00822-00201664-00201911 it's kind of like he was he it's like he
xhZnoqyHANE-00823-00201912-00202166 went missing for a while and then he
xhZnoqyHANE-00824-00202167-00202383 like he kind of like teleported back
xhZnoqyHANE-00825-00202384-00202695 well like i'm saying right i need to
xhZnoqyHANE-00826-00202696-00202999 take it time to fix this crap because i
xhZnoqyHANE-00827-00203000-00203319 can't mess it so there was these people
xhZnoqyHANE-00828-00203320-00203559 that randomly showed up as well uh their
xhZnoqyHANE-00829-00203560-00203663 names were
xhZnoqyHANE-00830-00203664-00203854 uh i think there was another faded
xhZnoqyHANE-00831-00203855-00204014 around there as well
xhZnoqyHANE-00832-00204015-00204231 it was it was like a honey bear
xhZnoqyHANE-00833-00204232-00204366 okay and then there's another person who
xhZnoqyHANE-00834-00204367-00204590 showed up was a cat also looking like
xhZnoqyHANE-00835-00204591-00204879 billy bob but his name was wayne instead
xhZnoqyHANE-00836-00204880-00205031 and there was another one that was there
xhZnoqyHANE-00837-00205032-00205286 too named red panda man i think i think
xhZnoqyHANE-00838-00205287-00205575 he goes by panda yeah panda a red panda
xhZnoqyHANE-00839-00205576-00205790 i think he's like a red panda there and
xhZnoqyHANE-00840-00205791-00206046 for some reason i saw two of them i
xhZnoqyHANE-00841-00206048-00206223 think i know you thought though you
xhZnoqyHANE-00842-00206223-00206375 think you may know
xhZnoqyHANE-00843-00206376-00206534 yeah those guys just randomly showed up
xhZnoqyHANE-00844-00206535-00206719 one day and they said they were looking
xhZnoqyHANE-00845-00206719-00206919 for some someone called the faker panda
xhZnoqyHANE-00846-00206919-00207062 man
xhZnoqyHANE-00847-00207063-00207262 doppelganger i guess
xhZnoqyHANE-00848-00207263-00207462 it's like kind of like an evil twin it's
xhZnoqyHANE-00849-00207463-00207646 a there you can see
xhZnoqyHANE-00850-00207648-00207831 i i don't know where he went the evil
xhZnoqyHANE-00851-00207832-00208071 kong khan disappeared ever since
xhZnoqyHANE-00852-00208071-00208279 he went back to building
xhZnoqyHANE-00853-00208280-00208519 so yeah he's probably back in the
xhZnoqyHANE-00854-00208519-00208886 in his world and also you can focus
xhZnoqyHANE-00855-00208887-00209127 on the model uh yeah we'll talk to her
xhZnoqyHANE-00856-00209128-00209303 tomorrow we'll we'll try and get some
xhZnoqyHANE-00857-00209304-00209398 information
xhZnoqyHANE-00858-00209400-00209846 i said that because um
xhZnoqyHANE-00859-00209848-00210375 oh right her night uh jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00860-00210376-00210694 joe faded uh the uh the bow what the
xhZnoqyHANE-00861-00210696-00210942 stuff you got yeah the fantasy the
xhZnoqyHANE-00862-00210944-00211103 fantasy faded
xhZnoqyHANE-00863-00211104-00211503 well
xhZnoqyHANE-00864-00211504-00211742 not that blasted yeah i mean it was
xhZnoqyHANE-00865-00211744-00211855 given by
xhZnoqyHANE-00866-00211856-00212110 uh some other faded how many fadeds and
xhZnoqyHANE-00867-00212111-00212423 souls are out there in the universe
xhZnoqyHANE-00868-00212423-00212598 too many to count
xhZnoqyHANE-00869-00212600-00212831 i guess it's the same as before
xhZnoqyHANE-00870-00212832-00213182 one mine okay so frozen boys and boys
xhZnoqyHANE-00871-00213183-00213358 all right oh so they're like poison
xhZnoqyHANE-00872-00213359-00213598 arrows all right oh yeah i forgot to
xhZnoqyHANE-00873-00213600-00213775 just put these with you earlier here you
xhZnoqyHANE-00874-00213776-00213934 go
xhZnoqyHANE-00875-00213935-00214031 there you go
xhZnoqyHANE-00876-00214032-00214271 okay that was nice to see you guys yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00877-00214271-00214671 it was nice
xhZnoqyHANE-00878-00214671-00214958 yes uh we'll catch you later uh fainted
xhZnoqyHANE-00879-00214959-00215046 yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00880-00215048-00215231 let's just
xhZnoqyHANE-00881-00215232-00215367 if you me
xhZnoqyHANE-00882-00215367-00215439 just
xhZnoqyHANE-00883-00215440-00215919 say to say just say my name
xhZnoqyHANE-00884-00215919-00216198 we'll catch you later all right so jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00885-00216200-00216382 i do have one last thing to say though
xhZnoqyHANE-00886-00216383-00216582 so after all that all that happened
xhZnoqyHANE-00887-00216583-00216758 today what what do you think elegant
xhZnoqyHANE-00888-00216759-00217342 could be up to oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00889-00217344-00217527 he's probably involved with the lich you
xhZnoqyHANE-00890-00217528-00217806 think yeah this so-called lich character
xhZnoqyHANE-00891-00217807-00218087 i don't really remember of but uh yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00892-00218088-00218334 let's go up here anyways uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00893-00218335-00218510 if you want to eat your pancakes before
xhZnoqyHANE-00894-00218511-00218727 bed you can't you go ahead i'm gonna
xhZnoqyHANE-00895-00218728-00218942 store mine in here fertilizer uh i don't
xhZnoqyHANE-00896-00218944-00219127 really i'm not really too hungry as of
xhZnoqyHANE-00897-00219128-00219319 right now all right uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00898-00219319-00219455 jake
xhZnoqyHANE-00899-00219456-00219623 any last things that you want to talk
xhZnoqyHANE-00900-00219623-00219767 about before we
xhZnoqyHANE-00901-00219767-00220015 head out for the night or just get some
xhZnoqyHANE-00902-00220016-00220279 rest at least
xhZnoqyHANE-00903-00220280-00220479 oh it's uh it's downstairs remember the
xhZnoqyHANE-00904-00220480-00220687 hammock oh yeah
xhZnoqyHANE-00905-00220688-00220991 i still sleep on the hammock anyways uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00906-00220992-00221158 is there anything else that you want to
xhZnoqyHANE-00907-00221159-00221519 ask me no no okay all right okay oh well
xhZnoqyHANE-00908-00221519-00221679 it looks like it's becoming nighttime
xhZnoqyHANE-00909-00221680-00221951 all right uh i'll talk to you later uh
xhZnoqyHANE-00910-00221952-00222215 tomorrow uh jake remember we're going to
xhZnoqyHANE-00911-00222216-00222558 see princess bubblegum tomorrow
xhZnoqyHANE-00912-00222559-00222682 i'll talk to you
xhZnoqyHANE-00913-00222683-00222958 later or tomorrow and we'll see don't
xhZnoqyHANE-00914-00222959-00223134 wait actually let me put away these
xhZnoqyHANE-00915-00223135-00223239 swords
xhZnoqyHANE-00916-00223240-00223391 first of all don't want to get too ahead
xhZnoqyHANE-00917-00223392-00223591 of myself but uh anyway
xhZnoqyHANE-00918-00223592-00223806 goodnight ashley and jake we'll see you
xhZnoqyHANE-00919-00223807-00224029 tomorrow good night
xhZnoqyHANE-00920-00224030-00224487 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00921-00224488-00224951 my plan is going great
xhZnoqyHANE-00922-00224952-00225263 see you alright but first
xhZnoqyHANE-00923-00225264-00225558 i go down in here
xhZnoqyHANE-00924-00225559-00226240 for the next step of my plan
xhZnoqyHANE-00925-00226241-00226894 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00926-00226896-00227039 the oh
xhZnoqyHANE-00927-00227040-00227207 and bees
xhZnoqyHANE-00928-00227208-00229471 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00929-00229471-00229798 all of my collections
xhZnoqyHANE-00930-00229800-00230167 share them all with you
xhZnoqyHANE-00931-00230167-00230473 maybe by next summer
xhZnoqyHANE-00932-00230475-00231758 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00933-00231759-00233215 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00934-00233216-00233794 i'll be there for you always
xhZnoqyHANE-00935-00233796-00235182 [Music]
xhZnoqyHANE-00936-00235183-00235934 and do so as
xhZnoqyHANE-00937-00235935-00236316 living so merrily
xhbn6hQB-co-00000-00000005-00000671 [Music]
xhbn6hQB-co-00001-00000672-00000871 even the most ardent elon musk
xhbn6hQB-co-00002-00000872-00001054 stan will admit their lord and savior
xhbn6hQB-co-00003-00001055-00001231 hasn't exactly delivered on his promise
xhbn6hQB-co-00004-00001232-00001415 of properly autonomous self-driving
xhbn6hQB-co-00005-00001416-00001503 vehicles
xhbn6hQB-co-00006-00001504-00001751 yet anyway tesla's flamboyant ceo has
xhbn6hQB-co-00007-00001752-00001918 repeatedly suggested we'd be there by
xhbn6hQB-co-00008-00001919-00001959 now
xhbn6hQB-co-00009-00001960-00002151 and frankly we aren't but the so-called
xhbn6hQB-co-00010-00002152-00002342 autopilot feature available on all
xhbn6hQB-co-00011-00002343-00002439 modern teslas
xhbn6hQB-co-00012-00002440-00002575 is quite a marvellous feat of
xhbn6hQB-co-00013-00002576-00002775 engineering nonetheless what enables it
xhbn6hQB-co-00014-00002776-00002966 to detect hazards up ahead how does it
xhbn6hQB-co-00015-00002967-00003126 then go about making sense of that
xhbn6hQB-co-00016-00003127-00003191 information
xhbn6hQB-co-00017-00003192-00003335 is it better at driving than human
xhbn6hQB-co-00018-00003336-00003535 beings join us today as we pop the
xhbn6hQB-co-00019-00003536-00003647 metaphorical hood
xhbn6hQB-co-00020-00003647-00003847 and take a peek into how autopilot
xhbn6hQB-co-00021-00003847-00003983 actually works for an
xhbn6hQB-co-00022-00003984-00004151 eye-opening introduction to just how
xhbn6hQB-co-00023-00004152-00004359 sophisticated tesla's driving algorithm
xhbn6hQB-co-00024-00004360-00004527 has become of late take a look at this
xhbn6hQB-co-00025-00004528-00004759 video released back in january 2020.
xhbn6hQB-co-00026-00004760-00004959 merging input from an array of smart
xhbn6hQB-co-00027-00004960-00005159 sensory devices the car's onboard
xhbn6hQB-co-00028-00005160-00005327 computer is clearly capable of
xhbn6hQB-co-00029-00005328-00005511 identifying and tracking its fellow
xhbn6hQB-co-00030-00005512-00005735 vehicles on the road in real time not
xhbn6hQB-co-00031-00005736-00005799 only that
xhbn6hQB-co-00032-00005800-00005975 it's able to differentiate between an
xhbn6hQB-co-00033-00005976-00006127 impressive range of other potential
xhbn6hQB-co-00034-00006128-00006238 hazards besides
xhbn6hQB-co-00035-00006239-00006414 everything from lane lines and painted
xhbn6hQB-co-00036-00006415-00006614 arrows to crossings stop signs
xhbn6hQB-co-00037-00006615-00006814 trash cans the incline of the road up
xhbn6hQB-co-00038-00006815-00007055 ahead and even random puddles are all
xhbn6hQB-co-00039-00007056-00007287 noted and addressed at least as quickly
xhbn6hQB-co-00040-00007288-00007470 crucially as a human being could spot
xhbn6hQB-co-00041-00007472-00007678 these things so how does it do it at the
xhbn6hQB-co-00042-00007679-00007798 most basic level
xhbn6hQB-co-00043-00007800-00007998 visual feedback is fed into the system
xhbn6hQB-co-00044-00008000-00008119 via tesla's eight
xhbn6hQB-co-00045-00008120-00008287 on-board cameras three of these are
xhbn6hQB-co-00046-00008288-00008487 mounted on the windscreen each slightly
xhbn6hQB-co-00047-00008488-00008631 different from the other and suitable
xhbn6hQB-co-00048-00008632-00008759 for very different ranges
xhbn6hQB-co-00049-00008760-00008967 the car's main front-facing camera is
xhbn6hQB-co-00050-00008968-00009142 calibrated for visual recognition
xhbn6hQB-co-00051-00009143-00009383 up to 150 meters there's also a wide
xhbn6hQB-co-00052-00009384-00009567 angled camera that can see more broadly
xhbn6hQB-co-00053-00009568-00009727 up to a range of 60 meters
xhbn6hQB-co-00054-00009728-00009903 and a narrow field camera which peers
xhbn6hQB-co-00055-00009904-00010135 into the distance as far away as 250
xhbn6hQB-co-00056-00010136-00010183 meters
xhbn6hQB-co-00057-00010184-00010359 in addition there's four more regular
xhbn6hQB-co-00058-00010360-00010527 cameras mounted on each side of the
xhbn6hQB-co-00059-00010528-00010710 vehicle two are slotted rearward and
xhbn6hQB-co-00060-00010711-00010871 another two are angled forward
xhbn6hQB-co-00061-00010872-00011046 for merging and maneuvering into tight
xhbn6hQB-co-00062-00011047-00011287 spots and finally there's a rear camera
xhbn6hQB-co-00063-00011288-00011495 which itself boasts a range of up to 50
xhbn6hQB-co-00064-00011496-00011670 meters used both as a run-of-the-mill
xhbn6hQB-co-00065-00011671-00011759 parking camera
xhbn6hQB-co-00066-00011760-00011959 and another data source feeding crucial
xhbn6hQB-co-00067-00011960-00012142 situational data back to the central
xhbn6hQB-co-00068-00012143-00012206 computer
xhbn6hQB-co-00069-00012207-00012399 these cameras whose visual fields
xhbn6hQB-co-00070-00012400-00012567 overlap providing the necessary
xhbn6hQB-co-00071-00012568-00012759 redundancy which is a cornerstone of
xhbn6hQB-co-00072-00012760-00012943 tesla's safe design philosophy
xhbn6hQB-co-00073-00012944-00013111 are only part of the picture a
xhbn6hQB-co-00074-00013112-00013319 front-facing radar that detects objects
xhbn6hQB-co-00075-00013319-00013566 up to 160 meters away by bouncing
xhbn6hQB-co-00076-00013568-00013751 radio waves off of them is a key
xhbn6hQB-co-00077-00013752-00013919 component in the sensor array it's
xhbn6hQB-co-00078-00013919-00014079 reported that tesla is currently
xhbn6hQB-co-00079-00014080-00014271 planning to integrate a radar with twice
xhbn6hQB-co-00080-00014272-00014455 that range into its newer models with
xhbn6hQB-co-00081-00014456-00014615 slicker processing capacity
xhbn6hQB-co-00082-00014616-00014815 courtesy of cutting-edge radar design by
xhbn6hQB-co-00083-00014816-00015079 israeli tech start-up arbor robotics
xhbn6hQB-co-00084-00015080-00015279 tesla's fondness for radar is actually a
xhbn6hQB-co-00085-00015280-00015463 controversial topic within the fledgling
xhbn6hQB-co-00086-00015463-00015583 autonomous car industry
xhbn6hQB-co-00087-00015584-00015735 most other companies working to bring
xhbn6hQB-co-00088-00015736-00015958 similar vehicles to market think ford
xhbn6hQB-co-00089-00015959-00016247 gm or waymo prefers so-called lidar
xhbn6hQB-co-00090-00016247-00016422 which is similar to radar except it
xhbn6hQB-co-00091-00016423-00016615 bounces light off of objects in order to
xhbn6hQB-co-00092-00016616-00016791 ascertain their distance and form at
xhbn6hQB-co-00093-00016792-00017063 tesla's autonomy day last year elon musk
xhbn6hQB-co-00094-00017064-00017263 offered this scathing critique of lidar
xhbn6hQB-co-00095-00017264-00017327 technology
xhbn6hQB-co-00096-00017328-00017527 lidar is a fool's errand he informed a
xhbn6hQB-co-00097-00017528-00017767 wrapped crowd anyone relying on lidar is
xhbn6hQB-co-00098-00017768-00017999 doomed they are expensive sensors that
xhbn6hQB-co-00099-00018000-00018183 are unnecessary as rand continued
xhbn6hQB-co-00100-00018184-00018319 it's like having a whole bunch of
xhbn6hQB-co-00101-00018320-00018494 expensive appendices like
xhbn6hQB-co-00102-00018495-00018711 one appendix is bad well now you have a
xhbn6hQB-co-00103-00018712-00018886 whole bunch of them it's ridiculous
xhbn6hQB-co-00104-00018887-00019030 you'll see although lidar's
xhbn6hQB-co-00105-00019031-00019239 prohibitively high cost was one reason
xhbn6hQB-co-00106-00019240-00019439 why radar was preferred by tesla early
xhbn6hQB-co-00107-00019440-00019471 on
xhbn6hQB-co-00108-00019472-00019630 musk doubled down on his loathing for
xhbn6hQB-co-00109-00019631-00019839 the medium in october even as the price
xhbn6hQB-co-00110-00019840-00020055 of lidar started to fall even if lidar
xhbn6hQB-co-00111-00020056-00020230 was free we wouldn't put it on he
xhbn6hQB-co-00112-00020231-00020286 thundered
xhbn6hQB-co-00113-00020287-00020503 not least because lidar is notoriously
xhbn6hQB-co-00114-00020504-00020750 unreliable in rainy or dusty conditions
xhbn6hQB-co-00115-00020751-00020983 teslas are also fitted with 12 small
xhbn6hQB-co-00116-00020984-00021158 dots situated around the car
xhbn6hQB-co-00117-00021159-00021311 each of which provides essential
xhbn6hQB-co-00118-00021312-00021478 short-range sensory input
xhbn6hQB-co-00119-00021479-00021686 up to about 8 metres through the magic
xhbn6hQB-co-00120-00021687-00021783 of ultrasound
xhbn6hQB-co-00121-00021784-00021967 this medium provides tesla with what has
xhbn6hQB-co-00122-00021968-00022175 been described as a protective cocoon
xhbn6hQB-co-00123-00022176-00022271 around the vehicle
xhbn6hQB-co-00124-00022272-00022478 enabling it to detect when an object a
xhbn6hQB-co-00125-00022479-00022694 crash barrier say or a dog is getting
xhbn6hQB-co-00126-00022695-00022814 too close for comfort
xhbn6hQB-co-00127-00022815-00022975 working together in concert this
xhbn6hQB-co-00128-00022976-00023150 imaginative fusion of conventional
xhbn6hQB-co-00129-00023151-00023439 cameras sophisticated radar and 360
xhbn6hQB-co-00130-00023440-00023471 degree
xhbn6hQB-co-00131-00023472-00023686 ultrasound help tesla stay finely
xhbn6hQB-co-00132-00023687-00023830 attuned to their surroundings
xhbn6hQB-co-00133-00023831-00024063 add that to the car's ultra precise gps
xhbn6hQB-co-00134-00024064-00024271 tracking and world-class mapping systems
xhbn6hQB-co-00135-00024272-00024383 and you have a vehicle that's
xhbn6hQB-co-00136-00024384-00024583 substantially smarter than most human
xhbn6hQB-co-00137-00024584-00024742 beings at assessing where it is
xhbn6hQB-co-00138-00024743-00024878 and what's going on out there on the
xhbn6hQB-co-00139-00024879-00025071 mean streets of course when it comes to
xhbn6hQB-co-00140-00025072-00025175 safe motoring
xhbn6hQB-co-00141-00025176-00025407 sensory input is only part of the story
xhbn6hQB-co-00142-00025408-00025583 so how is all that lovely data
xhbn6hQB-co-00143-00025584-00025743 organized and processed with his
xhbn6hQB-co-00144-00025744-00025902 characteristic knack for modest
xhbn6hQB-co-00145-00025904-00025990 understatement
xhbn6hQB-co-00146-00025991-00026158 elon musk has described the new
xhbn6hQB-co-00147-00026160-00026327 processor at the beating heart of his
xhbn6hQB-co-00148-00026327-00026551 iconic car as the best chip in the world
xhbn6hQB-co-00149-00026552-00026799 tesla's so-called full self-driving chip
xhbn6hQB-co-00150-00026800-00026935 shipped in all new models
xhbn6hQB-co-00151-00026936-00027190 is a 260 square millimeter chunk of
xhbn6hQB-co-00152-00027191-00027239 prime
xhbn6hQB-co-00153-00027239-00027479 samsung silicon boasting no fewer than
xhbn6hQB-co-00154-00027480-00027695 six billion transistors each chip
xhbn6hQB-co-00155-00027695-00027879 there's two aboard again ensuring that
xhbn6hQB-co-00156-00027880-00028031 all important redundancy
xhbn6hQB-co-00157-00028032-00028246 is capable of performing some 26
xhbn6hQB-co-00158-00028247-00028399 trillion operations a second
xhbn6hQB-co-00159-00028400-00028583 this means it can respond in real time
xhbn6hQB-co-00160-00028583-00028767 to any of the multifarious hazards
xhbn6hQB-co-00161-00028768-00028943 brought to its attention from that smart
xhbn6hQB-co-00162-00028944-00029143 sensory array we talked about just now
xhbn6hQB-co-00163-00029144-00029335 there's more alongside the humdrum
xhbn6hQB-co-00164-00029336-00029495 pre-programmed aspects of tesla's
xhbn6hQB-co-00165-00029495-00029702 driving algorithm speed limits stop
xhbn6hQB-co-00166-00029704-00029790 signs and the like
xhbn6hQB-co-00167-00029791-00030007 the car's silicon brain also has the
xhbn6hQB-co-00168-00030008-00030111 ability to learn
xhbn6hQB-co-00169-00030112-00030351 and learn it most certainly does not
xhbn6hQB-co-00170-00030352-00030535 only from its own native experience fed
xhbn6hQB-co-00171-00030536-00030639 by those sensors
xhbn6hQB-co-00172-00030639-00030807 but from data harvested across the
xhbn6hQB-co-00173-00030808-00031031 entire global fleet of teslas and their
xhbn6hQB-co-00174-00031032-00031151 own sensor arrays
xhbn6hQB-co-00175-00031152-00031351 every single tesla on the road and the
xhbn6hQB-co-00176-00031352-00031543 company manufactured half a million of
xhbn6hQB-co-00177-00031544-00031687 them in 2020 alone
xhbn6hQB-co-00178-00031688-00031855 collects detailed information on its
xhbn6hQB-co-00179-00031856-00032095 environment and feeds it back to hq for
xhbn6hQB-co-00180-00032095-00032270 other motorists to subconsciously make
xhbn6hQB-co-00181-00032272-00032327 use of
xhbn6hQB-co-00182-00032327-00032543 despite this system's obvious brilliance
xhbn6hQB-co-00183-00032544-00032631 it has upset
xhbn6hQB-co-00184-00032632-00032823 some who are reportedly suspicious of
xhbn6hQB-co-00185-00032824-00032999 tesla's so-called shadow mode
xhbn6hQB-co-00186-00033000-00033183 their beef is the fact their pricey new
xhbn6hQB-co-00187-00033184-00033351 model when in shadow mode
xhbn6hQB-co-00188-00033352-00033543 essentially pretends to be an autonomous
xhbn6hQB-co-00189-00033544-00033727 vehicle as in it makes but never
xhbn6hQB-co-00190-00033728-00033799 executes
xhbn6hQB-co-00191-00033800-00033974 a driving plan based on the data
xhbn6hQB-co-00192-00033975-00034215 available to it and reports back to hq
xhbn6hQB-co-00193-00034216-00034399 whenever its plan deviates from that of
xhbn6hQB-co-00194-00034400-00034583 the real flesh and blood driver this is
xhbn6hQB-co-00195-00034584-00034743 of course designed to refine and improve
xhbn6hQB-co-00196-00034744-00034887 the algorithm and fulfill
xhbn6hQB-co-00197-00034888-00035087 elon musk's dream of deploying autonomy
xhbn6hQB-co-00198-00035088-00035271 at scale still it bugs people from a
xhbn6hQB-co-00199-00035272-00035439 privacy point of view and perhaps they
xhbn6hQB-co-00200-00035440-00035639 have a point so how autonomous actually
xhbn6hQB-co-00201-00035640-00035807 are the latest teslas they're shipped
xhbn6hQB-co-00202-00035808-00035999 with all the hardware elon musk reckons
xhbn6hQB-co-00203-00036000-00036135 is necessary for achieving the
xhbn6hQB-co-00204-00036136-00036302 self-driving dream but for now the
xhbn6hQB-co-00205-00036303-00036455 furthest towards that ambition these
xhbn6hQB-co-00206-00036456-00036567 cars actually get
xhbn6hQB-co-00207-00036568-00036815 is tesla's so-called autopilot mode the
xhbn6hQB-co-00208-00036816-00037015 newest enhanced bells and whistles
xhbn6hQB-co-00209-00037016-00037118 autopilot mode
xhbn6hQB-co-00210-00037119-00037311 which tesla drivers can order over the
xhbn6hQB-co-00211-00037312-00037495 air for apprentice 8 000
xhbn6hQB-co-00212-00037496-00037711 as an optional extra offers dynamic
xhbn6hQB-co-00213-00037712-00037879 traffic aware cruise control customers
xhbn6hQB-co-00214-00037880-00038007 can also get automatic
xhbn6hQB-co-00215-00038008-00038174 lane changing for their spend which can
xhbn6hQB-co-00216-00038175-00038399 respond to either sat nav route plans or
xhbn6hQB-co-00217-00038400-00038567 an impulsive manual flick of the turn
xhbn6hQB-co-00218-00038568-00038743 signal owners also get the fun
xhbn6hQB-co-00219-00038744-00038895 ultimate bragging rights feature of
xhbn6hQB-co-00220-00038896-00039127 smart summon however all these come with
xhbn6hQB-co-00221-00039128-00039207 caveats
xhbn6hQB-co-00222-00039208-00039399 smart summon which in theory enables
xhbn6hQB-co-00223-00039400-00039574 tesla drivers to flick a button on the
xhbn6hQB-co-00224-00039575-00039607 app
xhbn6hQB-co-00225-00039608-00039759 and summon their shiny motor from its
xhbn6hQB-co-00226-00039760-00039895 parking space to wherever they're
xhbn6hQB-co-00227-00039896-00040007 proudly standing
xhbn6hQB-co-00228-00040008-00040190 is only recommended for use on private
xhbn6hQB-co-00229-00040191-00040399 driveways and despite that slick traffic
xhbn6hQB-co-00230-00040400-00040559 aware cruise control system which
xhbn6hQB-co-00231-00040560-00040623 maintains
xhbn6hQB-co-00232-00040624-00040830 speeds until the vehicle ahead slows or
xhbn6hQB-co-00233-00040831-00041039 stops drivers are still legally required
xhbn6hQB-co-00234-00041040-00041174 to keep their hands on the wheel
xhbn6hQB-co-00235-00041175-00041374 at basically all times in order to take
xhbn6hQB-co-00236-00041375-00041551 over should anything go awry the car
xhbn6hQB-co-00237-00041552-00041711 will complain and ultimately stop
xhbn6hQB-co-00238-00041712-00041887 altogether if hands aren't on the wheel
xhbn6hQB-co-00239-00041888-00041983 constantly
xhbn6hQB-co-00240-00041984-00042199 not exactly autonomous autonomy in
xhbn6hQB-co-00241-00042200-00042367 vehicles is currently rated on an
xhbn6hQB-co-00242-00042368-00042551 internationally recognized one to five
xhbn6hQB-co-00243-00042552-00042790 scale at so-called level one automation
xhbn6hQB-co-00244-00042791-00043046 a single aspect of driving is automated
xhbn6hQB-co-00245-00043047-00043199 for instance traffic aware cruise
xhbn6hQB-co-00246-00043200-00043358 control this has been around for quite a
xhbn6hQB-co-00247-00043359-00043439 few years now
xhbn6hQB-co-00248-00043440-00043639 at the other end of the scale level 5
xhbn6hQB-co-00249-00043640-00043839 automation promises the ultimate fantasy
xhbn6hQB-co-00250-00043840-00044030 of full vehicular autonomy meaning the
xhbn6hQB-co-00251-00044031-00044183 driver can catch up on emails
xhbn6hQB-co-00252-00044184-00044367 watch the scenery or simply enjoy a
xhbn6hQB-co-00253-00044368-00044551 well-earned nap right now tesla is
xhbn6hQB-co-00254-00044552-00044743 reluctantly marooned at level 2
xhbn6hQB-co-00255-00044744-00044902 with only a couple of aspects of their
xhbn6hQB-co-00256-00044903-00045087 driving experience automated
xhbn6hQB-co-00257-00045088-00045295 most notably speed control and lane
xhbn6hQB-co-00258-00045296-00045462 changing modern testers are technically
xhbn6hQB-co-00259-00045463-00045583 quite capable of say
xhbn6hQB-co-00260-00045584-00045767 taking an exit ramp and moving between
xhbn6hQB-co-00261-00045768-00046007 highways but legal and regulatory edicts
xhbn6hQB-co-00262-00046008-00046215 insist that a person still be in charge
xhbn6hQB-co-00263-00046216-00046430 at the wheel at all times and this is
xhbn6hQB-co-00264-00046431-00046583 quite right and proper by the way for
xhbn6hQB-co-00265-00046584-00046662 now at least
xhbn6hQB-co-00266-00046663-00046895 tragic failures can and do happen like
xhbn6hQB-co-00267-00046896-00047079 the passing of 38 year old apple
xhbn6hQB-co-00268-00047080-00047207 employee walter huang
xhbn6hQB-co-00269-00047208-00047415 whose tesla on autopilot mode slammed
xhbn6hQB-co-00270-00047416-00047558 into a concrete barrier while he was
xhbn6hQB-co-00271-00047559-00047711 reportedly playing on his phone
xhbn6hQB-co-00272-00047712-00048039 in march 2019 50 year old jeremy barron
xhbn6hQB-co-00273-00048040-00048151 banners model 3
xhbn6hQB-co-00274-00048152-00048286 slammed into a tractor trailer
xhbn6hQB-co-00275-00048287-00048462 attempting to cross a florida highway at
xhbn6hQB-co-00276-00048463-00048607 68 miles per hour
xhbn6hQB-co-00277-00048608-00048790 shearing the roof clean off his car and
xhbn6hQB-co-00278-00048791-00048918 sadly ending his life
xhbn6hQB-co-00279-00048919-00049151 so despite its undeniable sophistication
xhbn6hQB-co-00280-00049152-00049358 and the bullish predictions of elon musk
xhbn6hQB-co-00281-00049359-00049551 autopilot isn't quite ready yet
xhbn6hQB-co-00282-00049552-00049702 supporters will point out
xhbn6hQB-co-00283-00049703-00049918 rightly perhaps that self-driving teslas
xhbn6hQB-co-00284-00049919-00050071 are on the whole better than human
xhbn6hQB-co-00285-00050072-00050151 drivers
xhbn6hQB-co-00286-00050152-00050335 certainly they never get drunk or tired
xhbn6hQB-co-00287-00050336-00050471 or stressed still
xhbn6hQB-co-00288-00050472-00050662 each and every tragic mishap in even the
xhbn6hQB-co-00289-00050663-00050846 most vaguely autonomous vehicle
xhbn6hQB-co-00290-00050847-00051046 sets back progress by months if not
xhbn6hQB-co-00291-00051047-00051223 years it's probably fair to trust that
xhbn6hQB-co-00292-00051224-00051375 elon musk's brainchild
xhbn6hQB-co-00293-00051376-00051582 an ingenious mixture of smart sensors
xhbn6hQB-co-00294-00051583-00051775 lightning fast ai and crowd-sourced
xhbn6hQB-co-00295-00051776-00051854 machine learning
xhbn6hQB-co-00296-00051855-00052030 will get us where we're going eventually
xhbn6hQB-co-00297-00052032-00052190 what do you think should regulators
xhbn6hQB-co-00298-00052191-00052335 lighten up and grant tesla more
xhbn6hQB-co-00299-00052336-00052526 autonomous freedom in its current form
xhbn6hQB-co-00300-00052527-00052719 does tesla's setup even deserve the name
xhbn6hQB-co-00301-00052720-00052799 autopilot
xhbn6hQB-co-00302-00052800-00052966 let us know in the comments and don't
xhbn6hQB-co-00303-00052967-00053150 forget to hit subscribe for more free
xhbn6hQB-co-00304-00053151-00053426 wheeling tech content
xhbn6hQB-co-00305-00053427-00054007 [Music]
xhbn6hQB-co-00306-00054008-00054635 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00000-00000008-00000271 hey friends everyone likes free plugins
xls_kkajhNy-00001-00000272-00000415 but what i didn't say in the title is
xls_kkajhNy-00002-00000416-00000591 that all of the eq plugins we're about
xls_kkajhNy-00003-00000592-00000799 to go over today don't have a frequency
xls_kkajhNy-00004-00000800-00001047 spectrum graph or an analyzer instead
xls_kkajhNy-00005-00001048-00001183 they have what you might consider by
xls_kkajhNy-00006-00001184-00001391 today's modern standards a limiting and
xls_kkajhNy-00007-00001392-00001623 potentially crippling user interface but
xls_kkajhNy-00008-00001623-00001830 before you skip this video ask yourself
xls_kkajhNy-00009-00001832-00002007 why these eq designs are still being
xls_kkajhNy-00010-00002007-00002239 used by nearly all top industry mixing
xls_kkajhNy-00011-00002240-00002487 professionals if you're curious as you
xls_kkajhNy-00012-00002488-00002615 always should be
xls_kkajhNy-00013-00002616-00002990 let's check it out
xls_kkajhNy-00014-00002991-00003399 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00015-00003400-00003583 okay so i pulled the seed to stage
xls_kkajhNy-00016-00003584-00003831 discord to see which non-graphic eqs
xls_kkajhNy-00017-00003832-00003983 folks like to use
xls_kkajhNy-00018-00003984-00004215 one user asks the same burning question
xls_kkajhNy-00019-00004216-00004375 that i imagine many of you are having
xls_kkajhNy-00020-00004376-00004615 right now they asked i never fully
xls_kkajhNy-00021-00004616-00004806 understood the point of these eqs when
xls_kkajhNy-00022-00004807-00004975 you can already make your own intricate
xls_kkajhNy-00023-00004976-00005215 eq curves with parametric eq and also
xls_kkajhNy-00024-00005216-00005375 subtle distortion in the frequencies
xls_kkajhNy-00025-00005376-00005575 which interest you by combining eq and
xls_kkajhNy-00026-00005576-00005767 saturation hopefully this video will
xls_kkajhNy-00027-00005768-00005967 serve as answering that very question
xls_kkajhNy-00028-00005968-00006102 but i'd rather have you learn by
xls_kkajhNy-00029-00006103-00006295 listening in context rather than having
xls_kkajhNy-00030-00006296-00006454 me just talk at you
xls_kkajhNy-00031-00006455-00006631 so that brings us to the first and my
xls_kkajhNy-00032-00006631-00006927 favorite non-spectrum eq the pultec
xls_kkajhNy-00033-00006928-00007095 there are many different plug-in forms
xls_kkajhNy-00034-00007095-00007319 of this eq the most popular of which by
xls_kkajhNy-00035-00007320-00007478 waves and uad
xls_kkajhNy-00036-00007479-00007678 all of which center around an eq design
xls_kkajhNy-00037-00007679-00007967 that originates back to 1951 when the
xls_kkajhNy-00038-00007968-00008174 pultec company created the original
xls_kkajhNy-00039-00008175-00008351 eqp-1
xls_kkajhNy-00040-00008352-00008527 here we're going to use the unbelievably
xls_kkajhNy-00041-00008528-00008951 free pteq x plugin by ignite amps let's
xls_kkajhNy-00042-00008952-00009087 check it out
xls_kkajhNy-00043-00009088-00009278 so i recently bought an arturia poly
xls_kkajhNy-00044-00009279-00009478 brute which is a really giant awesome
xls_kkajhNy-00045-00009479-00009671 sounding poly synth and i think this
xls_kkajhNy-00046-00009672-00009839 material is going to be really nice for
xls_kkajhNy-00047-00009840-00010006 listening to what these eqs can actually
xls_kkajhNy-00048-00010007-00010183 do okay so i'm going to grab an instance
xls_kkajhNy-00049-00010184-00010438 of the pteq x
xls_kkajhNy-00050-00010439-00010759 and this is what the pultec eq looks
xls_kkajhNy-00051-00010760-00010878 like
xls_kkajhNy-00052-00010879-00011023 so you can see that the frequencies
xls_kkajhNy-00053-00011024-00011255 themselves on this are set at specific
xls_kkajhNy-00054-00011256-00011478 frequency bands you can't really change
xls_kkajhNy-00055-00011479-00011670 this you can only step between these
xls_kkajhNy-00056-00011671-00011870 different frequencies okay
xls_kkajhNy-00057-00011871-00012006 let's go ahead and take a listen to this
xls_kkajhNy-00058-00012007-00012279 first track here
xls_kkajhNy-00059-00012280-00012991 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00060-00012991-00013166 the beautiful sounds of the poly root
xls_kkajhNy-00061-00013168-00013366 the thing is absolutely gorgeous so to
xls_kkajhNy-00062-00013368-00013519 me this instrument sounds great but it's
xls_kkajhNy-00063-00013519-00013719 got a little bit too much low end and to
xls_kkajhNy-00064-00013719-00013919 me i'd like to shape the low end okay so
xls_kkajhNy-00065-00013919-00014030 what i'm going to do is i'm going to
xls_kkajhNy-00066-00014031-00014175 turn up the boost and then i'll choose a
xls_kkajhNy-00067-00014176-00014438 frequency to mess with
xls_kkajhNy-00068-00014440-00015111 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00069-00015112-00015230 so i'm kind of liking what's happening
xls_kkajhNy-00070-00015231-00015391 around 100 hertz so you might be
xls_kkajhNy-00071-00015391-00015583 thinking 100 hertz that's really deep
xls_kkajhNy-00072-00015584-00015791 why would you care about eq'ing 100
xls_kkajhNy-00073-00015791-00015894 hertz well the thing you have to think
xls_kkajhNy-00074-00015895-00016103 about is this is not a surgical eq this
xls_kkajhNy-00075-00016104-00016311 is a super wide band we're probably
xls_kkajhNy-00076-00016312-00016511 boosting frequencies up to 600 hertz
xls_kkajhNy-00077-00016512-00016727 with this move but the genius of the
xls_kkajhNy-00078-00016728-00017007 design of the poltec is also this next
xls_kkajhNy-00079-00017008-00017175 knob and this is the attenuation knob
xls_kkajhNy-00080-00017176-00017447 what this does is it applies a curve to
xls_kkajhNy-00081-00017448-00017655 the eq that kind of attenuates at the
xls_kkajhNy-00082-00017656-00017855 same frequency that it's boosting and so
xls_kkajhNy-00083-00017856-00018047 you can get this really gentle curve so
xls_kkajhNy-00084-00018048-00018150 let's go ahead and listen to what this
xls_kkajhNy-00085-00018151-00018342 will do
xls_kkajhNy-00086-00018343-00018911 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00087-00018912-00019063 now listen to how let's focus the low
xls_kkajhNy-00088-00019064-00019207 end let's turn the boost down just a
xls_kkajhNy-00089-00019208-00019400 little bit
xls_kkajhNy-00090-00019401-00019575 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00091-00019576-00019900 let's go ahead and a b the plugin
xls_kkajhNy-00092-00019901-00020279 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00093-00020280-00020463 so now we've kind of scooped and focused
xls_kkajhNy-00094-00020464-00020671 the base of this now we can also work on
xls_kkajhNy-00095-00020672-00020863 the top end over here with this filter
xls_kkajhNy-00096-00020864-00020991 so what i'll first do is i'll turn up
xls_kkajhNy-00097-00020992-00021143 the boost and this is this is one of my
xls_kkajhNy-00098-00021144-00021278 favorite ways to use this i'll turn up
xls_kkajhNy-00099-00021279-00021414 the boost and then i'll choose the
xls_kkajhNy-00100-00021415-00021527 frequency and then i'll work with the
xls_kkajhNy-00101-00021528-00021789 attenuation
xls_kkajhNy-00102-00021790-00022447 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00103-00022448-00022719 that 5k boost is just gorgeous okay so
xls_kkajhNy-00104-00022720-00022799 the next thing we're going to do is
xls_kkajhNy-00105-00022800-00022894 we're going to attenuate because you can
xls_kkajhNy-00106-00022895-00023086 hear a lot of that scratchiness in the
xls_kkajhNy-00107-00023087-00023285 top
xls_kkajhNy-00108-00023286-00023630 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00109-00023631-00023954 okay so let's a b the plugin
xls_kkajhNy-00110-00023955-00024591 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00111-00024592-00024767 glorious so at the bottom we have these
xls_kkajhNy-00112-00024768-00024894 low and high cuts here and so what i'm
xls_kkajhNy-00113-00024895-00024991 going to do is i'm going to bring out
xls_kkajhNy-00114-00024992-00025158 some of the subs of this sound so let's
xls_kkajhNy-00115-00025159-00025409 go ahead and listen to that
xls_kkajhNy-00116-00025410-00026006 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00117-00026007-00026190 and we can feel that focus okay let's go
xls_kkajhNy-00118-00026191-00026475 ahead and do the same thing on the top
xls_kkajhNy-00119-00026476-00027374 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00120-00027375-00027495 so now looking at the top of this
xls_kkajhNy-00121-00027495-00027639 plug-in this is where a lot of magic
xls_kkajhNy-00122-00027639-00027902 happens this is the mid-range equalizer
xls_kkajhNy-00123-00027904-00028111 and essentially we have two bands that
xls_kkajhNy-00124-00028112-00028302 we can boost and then a dip frequency in
xls_kkajhNy-00125-00028304-00028479 the middle okay so let's go ahead and
xls_kkajhNy-00126-00028480-00028670 try to find where the mojo of this sound
xls_kkajhNy-00127-00028672-00028861 is
xls_kkajhNy-00128-00028862-00029567 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00129-00029568-00029767 that 500 hertz boost right there sounds
xls_kkajhNy-00130-00029768-00029879 really good to me adds a little bit of
xls_kkajhNy-00131-00029880-00030118 that that honk to the signal if you will
xls_kkajhNy-00132-00030119-00030487 but of course it's a lot now
xls_kkajhNy-00133-00030488-00030711 so i can use my dip frequency to dip
xls_kkajhNy-00134-00030712-00030823 there let's go ahead and try to see what
xls_kkajhNy-00135-00030824-00031007 happens when we dip the same frequency
xls_kkajhNy-00136-00031008-00031479 that we boost
xls_kkajhNy-00137-00031480-00031788 let's go ahead and a b the plugin
xls_kkajhNy-00138-00031789-00032318 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00139-00032319-00032462 i actually feel like we could actually
xls_kkajhNy-00140-00032463-00032631 dip a little bit lower let's go ahead
xls_kkajhNy-00141-00032632-00032995 and see what happens at 200.
xls_kkajhNy-00142-00032996-00033687 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00143-00033688-00033887 awesome and then finally we have the
xls_kkajhNy-00144-00033888-00034079 mid-range boost frequency that we can
xls_kkajhNy-00145-00034080-00034199 choose here let's go ahead and see what
xls_kkajhNy-00146-00034200-00034367 gives this more the mojo we're looking
xls_kkajhNy-00147-00034368-00034502 for so i'll start it all the way down
xls_kkajhNy-00148-00034503-00034850 here and turn this up
xls_kkajhNy-00149-00034851-00035846 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00150-00035847-00036062 to me i'm really liking this 2k here so
xls_kkajhNy-00151-00036063-00036151 i'm going to bring this down a little
xls_kkajhNy-00152-00036152-00036483 bit it's pretty
xls_kkajhNy-00153-00036484-00036702 drastic so now that we've got all this
xls_kkajhNy-00154-00036703-00036887 worked out let's take a really detailed
xls_kkajhNy-00155-00036888-00037007 listen to the difference that this
xls_kkajhNy-00156-00037008-00037250 plugin makes
xls_kkajhNy-00157-00037251-00038446 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00158-00038447-00038687 okay so not only can we hear that we
xls_kkajhNy-00159-00038688-00038846 have really cleaned this signal up but
xls_kkajhNy-00160-00038847-00039046 we can also hear some of this really
xls_kkajhNy-00161-00039047-00039318 interesting very subtle harmonic content
xls_kkajhNy-00162-00039319-00039479 being added to the signal there's
xls_kkajhNy-00163-00039480-00039662 there's a tiny little bit of saturation
xls_kkajhNy-00164-00039663-00039846 happening here in all the right ways
xls_kkajhNy-00165-00039847-00040071 right okay so let's go ahead and do this
xls_kkajhNy-00166-00040072-00040199 a little bit faster on this on the
xls_kkajhNy-00167-00040200-00040399 second track this is just a
xls_kkajhNy-00168-00040400-00040535 pad sound here let's go ahead and drag
xls_kkajhNy-00169-00040536-00041535 this on here let's take a listen
xls_kkajhNy-00170-00041536-00041679 just a beautiful signal already what
xls_kkajhNy-00171-00041680-00041774 we're going to do is we're going to just
xls_kkajhNy-00172-00041775-00042083 work on the top end
xls_kkajhNy-00173-00042084-00042302 here because i just want to add some air
xls_kkajhNy-00174-00042303-00042430 so i'm going to turn my boost up and i'm
xls_kkajhNy-00175-00042431-00042607 going to turn the high frequency down
xls_kkajhNy-00176-00042608-00042767 and then bring it up until there's a
xls_kkajhNy-00177-00042768-00043194 frequency range that i like
xls_kkajhNy-00178-00043195-00044430 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00179-00044431-00044599 okay so that's a lot of top end that
xls_kkajhNy-00180-00044600-00044774 i've added there i decided to go with
xls_kkajhNy-00181-00044775-00044958 the 8k setting but now i'm going to work
xls_kkajhNy-00182-00044959-00045124 on the attenuation
xls_kkajhNy-00183-00045125-00046087 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00184-00046088-00046174 let's go ahead and listen to the
xls_kkajhNy-00185-00046175-00046969 difference
xls_kkajhNy-00186-00046970-00047823 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00187-00047824-00047967 you see it truly is the interplay
xls_kkajhNy-00188-00047968-00048135 between the boost and the attenuation on
xls_kkajhNy-00189-00048136-00048262 this pultec
xls_kkajhNy-00190-00048263-00048518 okay so obviously the pultec sounds good
xls_kkajhNy-00191-00048519-00048662 but what's the difference between using
xls_kkajhNy-00192-00048663-00048886 the pultec and just setting up a similar
xls_kkajhNy-00193-00048887-00049167 curve big broad curve with eq8 or
xls_kkajhNy-00194-00049168-00049462 fabfilter pro q3 you'll see all manner
xls_kkajhNy-00195-00049463-00049686 of opinions arguments and claims across
xls_kkajhNy-00196-00049687-00049839 the internet for why the poll text
xls_kkajhNy-00197-00049840-00050015 sounds as good as it does
xls_kkajhNy-00198-00050016-00050158 maybe it's because it preserves the
xls_kkajhNy-00199-00050159-00050343 phase relationship across the entire
xls_kkajhNy-00200-00050344-00050527 spectrum or maybe it's because it's
xls_kkajhNy-00201-00050528-00050735 adding that subtle saturation mojo to
xls_kkajhNy-00202-00050736-00050974 the signal even on the uad promo video
xls_kkajhNy-00203-00050975-00051111 for the pultec they claim that the
xls_kkajhNy-00204-00051112-00051342 pultec can do things that other eqs
xls_kkajhNy-00205-00051344-00051470 can't do
xls_kkajhNy-00206-00051471-00051646 now maybe all that's true to a certain
xls_kkajhNy-00207-00051647-00051838 degree but to me the true reason the
xls_kkajhNy-00208-00051839-00052087 pultec is such a viable tool for mixing
xls_kkajhNy-00209-00052088-00052294 and likely why so many people use it is
xls_kkajhNy-00210-00052295-00052430 the main point that i want to make with
xls_kkajhNy-00211-00052432-00052542 this video
xls_kkajhNy-00212-00052544-00052750 not having a spectrum analyzer forces
xls_kkajhNy-00213-00052751-00053047 you to listen open up an eq such as eq8
xls_kkajhNy-00214-00053048-00053294 or pro q3 and you're instantly presented
xls_kkajhNy-00215-00053295-00053526 with an audio spectrum graph now as
xls_kkajhNy-00216-00053527-00053759 amazing and super useful as these graphs
xls_kkajhNy-00217-00053760-00053999 are there's simply no way that these
xls_kkajhNy-00218-00054000-00054175 graphs don't influence your mixing
xls_kkajhNy-00219-00054176-00054430 decisions to some degree you instantly
xls_kkajhNy-00220-00054432-00054591 look where the peaks and valleys of your
xls_kkajhNy-00221-00054591-00054775 signal are you can't miss them they're
xls_kkajhNy-00222-00054776-00054982 right in front of you both audibly and
xls_kkajhNy-00223-00054983-00055254 visually meanwhile non-graphic eqs like
xls_kkajhNy-00224-00055255-00055471 the pultec remove the influence the
xls_kkajhNy-00225-00055472-00055703 spectrum graph has over your decisions
xls_kkajhNy-00226-00055704-00055871 it gives you back one of the greatest
xls_kkajhNy-00227-00055872-00056063 gifts a mixing engineer could ever ask
xls_kkajhNy-00228-00056064-00056375 for and that's objectivity or in other
xls_kkajhNy-00229-00056376-00056607 words the ability to have perspective on
xls_kkajhNy-00230-00056608-00056863 your mix that isn't all left-brained and
xls_kkajhNy-00231-00056864-00057094 analytical instead it gives you a frame
xls_kkajhNy-00232-00057095-00057326 of mind that begs you to be creative and
xls_kkajhNy-00233-00057327-00057615 actually enjoy the process of tonally
xls_kkajhNy-00234-00057616-00057823 shaping your instruments many folks will
xls_kkajhNy-00235-00057824-00058015 refer to the pultec and other hardware
xls_kkajhNy-00236-00058016-00058238 eqs that have been around for decades as
xls_kkajhNy-00237-00058239-00058447 musical you can be the judge of what
xls_kkajhNy-00238-00058448-00058630 that means but i would argue that
xls_kkajhNy-00239-00058632-00058830 outside of the obvious great sound
xls_kkajhNy-00240-00058832-00059111 quality that these eqs have objectivity
xls_kkajhNy-00241-00059112-00059254 is the main reason that you see the
xls_kkajhNy-00242-00059255-00059519 pultec eq as a hardware or plug-in
xls_kkajhNy-00243-00059520-00059742 device in almost every major studio in
xls_kkajhNy-00244-00059744-00059911 the world and the other thing to
xls_kkajhNy-00245-00059912-00060071 consider about the pultec is that it has
xls_kkajhNy-00246-00060072-00060342 very wide bands at set frequencies that
xls_kkajhNy-00247-00060344-00060550 is you can't change those frequencies
xls_kkajhNy-00248-00060551-00060742 the thing is is that human ears haven't
xls_kkajhNy-00249-00060744-00061063 evolved since 1951 in any meaningful way
xls_kkajhNy-00250-00061064-00061287 there are key areas in our hearing that
xls_kkajhNy-00251-00061288-00061526 can benefit from broad tonal changes and
xls_kkajhNy-00252-00061527-00061726 this brings me to another vital and free
xls_kkajhNy-00253-00061727-00061975 eq tool that every studio can benefit
xls_kkajhNy-00254-00061976-00062223 from and that's the good old bax eq now
xls_kkajhNy-00255-00062224-00062479 coral's version of this bax and all eq
xls_kkajhNy-00256-00062479-00062623 is a free plug-in that emulates
xls_kkajhNy-00257-00062624-00062887 dangerous music's bax eq and this one
xls_kkajhNy-00258-00062888-00063087 has even less features than the pultec
xls_kkajhNy-00259-00063088-00063311 the backs while used on tracks and buses
xls_kkajhNy-00260-00063312-00063494 here and there is mainly used for the
xls_kkajhNy-00261-00063495-00063742 mix bus or the master track its design
xls_kkajhNy-00262-00063744-00063950 is dead simple but the magic of this
xls_kkajhNy-00263-00063951-00064159 device is obviously the objectivity it
xls_kkajhNy-00264-00064160-00064342 grants you but also the fact that it can
xls_kkajhNy-00265-00064344-00064542 shape the tone and vibe of your track
xls_kkajhNy-00266-00064544-00064711 with what i would say is arguably the
xls_kkajhNy-00267-00064712-00064926 smoothest way possible check out this
xls_kkajhNy-00268-00064927-00065142 mix with the backs on the master
xls_kkajhNy-00269-00065144-00065406 okay so this is the bax eq and as you
xls_kkajhNy-00270-00065407-00065631 can see it's very very basic we have a
xls_kkajhNy-00271-00065632-00065935 low shelf and a high shelf each with
xls_kkajhNy-00272-00065936-00066175 specific stepped bands right we can only
xls_kkajhNy-00273-00066176-00066399 choose these specific bands a boost or a
xls_kkajhNy-00274-00066400-00066671 cut and then a low cut and a high cut
xls_kkajhNy-00275-00066672-00066887 that's all that this is all right it
xls_kkajhNy-00276-00066888-00067063 also has this little pre-switch that
xls_kkajhNy-00277-00067064-00067206 just gives it a little bit of mojo i
xls_kkajhNy-00278-00067207-00067350 don't really know what this is doing and
xls_kkajhNy-00279-00067351-00067503 that's kind of the point of this of this
xls_kkajhNy-00280-00067504-00067782 video who cares if it sounds better use
xls_kkajhNy-00281-00067783-00067959 it so i'm going to turn this on let's go
xls_kkajhNy-00282-00067960-00068063 ahead and listen to the difference that
xls_kkajhNy-00283-00068064-00069006 this little switch makes
xls_kkajhNy-00284-00069007-00069223 the best way that i can describe what it
xls_kkajhNy-00285-00069224-00069367 sounds like this little pre-switch is
xls_kkajhNy-00286-00069368-00069623 doing is you can hear it tighten up the
xls_kkajhNy-00287-00069624-00069782 low end and you can hear that just maybe
xls_kkajhNy-00288-00069783-00069911 there's a little bit of saturation
xls_kkajhNy-00289-00069912-00070126 happening to the smallest amount anyway
xls_kkajhNy-00290-00070127-00070255 let's get into what the real meat of
xls_kkajhNy-00291-00070256-00070343 this
xls_kkajhNy-00292-00070344-00070575 eq can do and that's the relationship
xls_kkajhNy-00293-00070576-00070831 between the shelving filter and the cut
xls_kkajhNy-00294-00070832-00071006 let's go ahead and say we want to clean
xls_kkajhNy-00295-00071007-00071150 up some of the base here so there's
xls_kkajhNy-00296-00071151-00071359 definitely a lot of wumpy low end in
xls_kkajhNy-00297-00071360-00071526 this mix and so what i could do is maybe
xls_kkajhNy-00298-00071527-00071726 i could choose a frequency band that i
xls_kkajhNy-00299-00071727-00071943 want to cut so maybe we'll choose one of
xls_kkajhNy-00300-00071944-00072015 these
xls_kkajhNy-00301-00072016-00072231 kind of higher base frequencies here
xls_kkajhNy-00302-00072232-00073487 let's take a listen
xls_kkajhNy-00303-00073488-00073662 i'm really digging this 230 setting
xls_kkajhNy-00304-00073663-00073862 right here and we can also clean up some
xls_kkajhNy-00305-00073863-00074079 of the super deep low end so by using
xls_kkajhNy-00306-00074080-00074399 this cut now this cut is a big big long
xls_kkajhNy-00307-00074400-00074638 roll off this is not a harsh cut okay
xls_kkajhNy-00308-00074639-00074855 we're we're talking a long range of
xls_kkajhNy-00309-00074856-00075015 frequencies are getting affected here so
xls_kkajhNy-00310-00075016-00075255 even if i set it on 12 hertz which is
xls_kkajhNy-00311-00075256-00075406 very deep we're still going to be
xls_kkajhNy-00312-00075407-00075575 cutting frequencies all the way up into
xls_kkajhNy-00313-00075576-00075806 who knows maybe even you know 100 hertz
xls_kkajhNy-00314-00075807-00075911 i'm not sure let's go ahead and just
xls_kkajhNy-00315-00075912-00076031 take a listen because that's what this
xls_kkajhNy-00316-00076032-00076791 video is about
xls_kkajhNy-00317-00076792-00076967 so i'm liking this cutting at 30 hertz
xls_kkajhNy-00318-00076968-00077119 right here so that sounds pretty good on
xls_kkajhNy-00319-00077120-00077262 the low end now let's take a look at the
xls_kkajhNy-00320-00077263-00077487 top end maybe we're working toward a
xls_kkajhNy-00321-00077488-00077662 low-fi kind of sound okay we're look
xls_kkajhNy-00322-00077663-00077943 we're working toward a vintage vibe here
xls_kkajhNy-00323-00077944-00078111 so maybe the other move is to
xls_kkajhNy-00324-00078112-00078294 drastically cut the top end with a
xls_kkajhNy-00325-00078295-00078471 smooth cut let's go ahead and see what
xls_kkajhNy-00326-00078472-00078599 this sounds like when i when i do a
xls_kkajhNy-00327-00078600-00079438 pretty drastic cut
xls_kkajhNy-00328-00079439-00079591 so i'm liking the cut that's centered
xls_kkajhNy-00329-00079592-00079831 around this 11k right here but of course
xls_kkajhNy-00330-00079832-00079991 we've lost a lot of the top signal and
xls_kkajhNy-00331-00079992-00080119 maybe we want to bring some of it back
xls_kkajhNy-00332-00080120-00081862 in so let's use this shelving filter
xls_kkajhNy-00333-00081863-00082023 cool so i'm really really liking this
xls_kkajhNy-00334-00082024-00082150 sound right here let's go ahead and a b
xls_kkajhNy-00335-00082151-00082335 this so what we're listening for is the
xls_kkajhNy-00336-00082336-00082567 bax is focusing the signal it is taking
xls_kkajhNy-00337-00082568-00082791 kind of a bunch of disparate crazy low
xls_kkajhNy-00338-00082792-00082950 end and a bunch of crazy top end and
xls_kkajhNy-00339-00082951-00084082 it's just focusing it to this beautiful
xls_kkajhNy-00340-00084083-00084287 mid-range so to me that's a really
xls_kkajhNy-00341-00084288-00084487 enjoyable kind of lo-fi sound let's work
xls_kkajhNy-00342-00084488-00084679 on maybe a more hi-fi sound so i'll go
xls_kkajhNy-00343-00084680-00084855 ahead and just zero everything back out
xls_kkajhNy-00344-00084856-00085055 here and this time what i want to focus
xls_kkajhNy-00345-00085056-00085231 on is let's do a little bit of bass
xls_kkajhNy-00346-00085232-00085471 enhancement and the bax is amazing at
xls_kkajhNy-00347-00085472-00085687 bass enhancement let's go ahead and dial
xls_kkajhNy-00348-00085688-00086806 in a bass boost
xls_kkajhNy-00349-00086807-00087094 so to me this 84 really really sends it
xls_kkajhNy-00350-00087095-00087318 now of course this is a lot of bass so
xls_kkajhNy-00351-00087319-00087503 we have to work on the cut to try to
xls_kkajhNy-00352-00087504-00088782 bring this back into a usable range
xls_kkajhNy-00353-00088783-00089006 awesome so having this cut cranked all
xls_kkajhNy-00354-00089007-00089191 the way up is really really kind of
xls_kkajhNy-00355-00089192-00089382 having an interesting interplay between
xls_kkajhNy-00356-00089383-00090006 this bass boost and this cut
xls_kkajhNy-00357-00090007-00090223 so now that we have such a weighted mix
xls_kkajhNy-00358-00090224-00090359 that it's got a lot of low end in it
xls_kkajhNy-00359-00090360-00091199 let's look at the top end
xls_kkajhNy-00360-00091200-00091415 really enjoying that 4.8 right there and
xls_kkajhNy-00361-00091416-00091550 now let's just roll off a tiny bit of
xls_kkajhNy-00362-00091551-00092071 those super highs
xls_kkajhNy-00363-00092072-00092238 awesome so let's a b this now so this is
xls_kkajhNy-00364-00092239-00092567 before
xls_kkajhNy-00365-00092568-00092750 listen to how sterile and lifeless this
xls_kkajhNy-00366-00092751-00093862 mix is before the backs
xls_kkajhNy-00367-00093863-00093991 and real quick if you're enjoying this
xls_kkajhNy-00368-00093992-00094126 video and you feel like my teaching
xls_kkajhNy-00369-00094127-00094311 style vibes with you i just want you to
xls_kkajhNy-00370-00094312-00094487 know that i offer what i believe to be
xls_kkajhNy-00371-00094488-00094694 the most robust and thorough ableton
xls_kkajhNy-00372-00094695-00094935 online courses available on the internet
xls_kkajhNy-00373-00094936-00095094 these courses are chock full of video
xls_kkajhNy-00374-00095095-00095255 lessons just like this to raise your
xls_kkajhNy-00375-00095256-00095423 skills with ableton to the next level
xls_kkajhNy-00376-00095424-00095647 quickly and efficiently we also have a
xls_kkajhNy-00377-00095648-00095871 burgeoning private discord server
xls_kkajhNy-00378-00095872-00096047 bustling with an amazing community of
xls_kkajhNy-00379-00096048-00096223 musicians who are supportive of each
xls_kkajhNy-00380-00096224-00096455 other's careers from seasoned pros all
xls_kkajhNy-00381-00096456-00096623 the way down to beginners so if you want
xls_kkajhNy-00382-00096624-00096759 to learn more about my courses there's a
xls_kkajhNy-00383-00096760-00096926 link up here in the description and in
xls_kkajhNy-00384-00096927-00097182 the comments anyway let's get back to it
xls_kkajhNy-00385-00097183-00097343 okay so the third and final plugin that
xls_kkajhNy-00386-00097344-00097511 i want you to take a look at is the
xls_kkajhNy-00387-00097512-00097831 slick eq by tokyo dawn labs now there is
xls_kkajhNy-00388-00097832-00098031 an amazing dan rural video already on
xls_kkajhNy-00389-00098032-00098271 this eq but i just want to flex some of
xls_kkajhNy-00390-00098272-00098423 the really interesting and awesome
xls_kkajhNy-00391-00098424-00098638 things that this eq can actually do
xls_kkajhNy-00392-00098639-00098782 what is the difference between this eq
xls_kkajhNy-00393-00098783-00098911 and the other ones well first of all you
xls_kkajhNy-00394-00098912-00099079 have variable bands as you can see i can
xls_kkajhNy-00395-00099080-00099311 take these bands and move them around
xls_kkajhNy-00396-00099312-00099455 right the other thing i want to say is
xls_kkajhNy-00397-00099456-00099694 that this eq gives you a lot of control
xls_kkajhNy-00398-00099695-00099991 over the saturation qualities of the eq
xls_kkajhNy-00399-00099992-00100118 you could actually turn those saturation
xls_kkajhNy-00400-00100119-00100367 qualities completely off okay but we're
xls_kkajhNy-00401-00100368-00100582 going to leave the eq saturation on and
xls_kkajhNy-00402-00100583-00100743 there are a bunch of different flavors i
xls_kkajhNy-00403-00100744-00100918 really enjoy using the british flavor
xls_kkajhNy-00404-00100919-00101094 for some reason it just makes the sound
xls_kkajhNy-00405-00101095-00101255 that i like to use so what i'll do is
xls_kkajhNy-00406-00101256-00101382 i'll just load up a fresh version of
xls_kkajhNy-00407-00101383-00101487 this and we're going to be working on
xls_kkajhNy-00408-00101488-00101679 this base right here i'll switch switch
xls_kkajhNy-00409-00101680-00101847 this over to british mode let's just
xls_kkajhNy-00410-00101848-00102031 take a listen to the bass already this
xls_kkajhNy-00411-00102032-00102223 is that poly brute track i was showing
xls_kkajhNy-00412-00102224-00103102 you before
xls_kkajhNy-00413-00103103-00103263 now that is a beautiful bass tone from
xls_kkajhNy-00414-00103264-00103430 the poly brute but it's kind of wilding
xls_kkajhNy-00415-00103431-00103590 out right i would love to add a little
xls_kkajhNy-00416-00103591-00103734 bit of grit to this sound and i'd love
xls_kkajhNy-00417-00103735-00103927 to control the low end a little bit more
xls_kkajhNy-00418-00103928-00104086 so maybe we'll first work on the grit
xls_kkajhNy-00419-00104088-00104206 part so i'm going to turn on the
xls_kkajhNy-00420-00104207-00104486 saturation and now as i boost gain into
xls_kkajhNy-00421-00104488-00104686 this eq we're actually going to be
xls_kkajhNy-00422-00104688-00105327 saturating that stage
xls_kkajhNy-00423-00105328-00105431 and you might have heard that when i
xls_kkajhNy-00424-00105432-00105623 turn this gain up it sounds like the
xls_kkajhNy-00425-00105624-00105775 track is actually getting quieter that's
xls_kkajhNy-00426-00105776-00105958 because there's an auto gain feature
xls_kkajhNy-00427-00105959-00106134 basically what this does is it tries to
xls_kkajhNy-00428-00106135-00106478 make the rms level of the signal before
xls_kkajhNy-00429-00106479-00106623 the plug-in and after the plug-in the
xls_kkajhNy-00430-00106624-00106854 same i don't really like using this i
xls_kkajhNy-00431-00106855-00107143 trust myself to use the output gain to
xls_kkajhNy-00432-00107144-00107310 match the volume as best as i can so
xls_kkajhNy-00433-00107311-00108151 that's what i'm gonna do
xls_kkajhNy-00434-00108152-00108375 and i'm really liking that around 1 500
xls_kkajhNy-00435-00108376-00108551 hertz range right there for the boost
xls_kkajhNy-00436-00108552-00108671 and you can hear there's a little bit of
xls_kkajhNy-00437-00108672-00108807 saturation let's go ahead and a b this
xls_kkajhNy-00438-00108808-00109671 saturation
xls_kkajhNy-00439-00109672-00109863 we can hear just a little bit of
xls_kkajhNy-00440-00109864-00109990 harmonics being added there and that
xls_kkajhNy-00441-00109991-00110158 sounds really nice okay so as i was
xls_kkajhNy-00442-00110159-00110351 saying the low end is a bit flabby so
xls_kkajhNy-00443-00110352-00110447 what we're going to do is we're going to
xls_kkajhNy-00444-00110448-00110654 work with this high pass filter and it's
xls_kkajhNy-00445-00110655-00110775 off turned all the way down but as you
xls_kkajhNy-00446-00110776-00110990 turn it up this is yet again just like
xls_kkajhNy-00447-00110991-00111327 the baxi q a really broad sweeping uh
xls_kkajhNy-00448-00111328-00111651 high pass
xls_kkajhNy-00449-00111652-00112630 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00450-00112631-00112847 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00451-00112848-00113007 so what i've just done is it sounds like
xls_kkajhNy-00452-00113008-00113207 now the frequencies are kind of to my
xls_kkajhNy-00453-00113208-00113343 ears it sounds like everything is pretty
xls_kkajhNy-00454-00113344-00113510 flat now all the bass notes are about
xls_kkajhNy-00455-00113511-00113695 the same volume but now i've lost a lot
xls_kkajhNy-00456-00113696-00113910 of that really fun oomph that's in that
xls_kkajhNy-00457-00113911-00114078 signal so i can add it back with the low
xls_kkajhNy-00458-00114079-00114215 gain now at this point this is a
xls_kkajhNy-00459-00114216-00114439 shelving filter i could use it as a bell
xls_kkajhNy-00460-00114440-00114558 curve but let's just use a shelving
xls_kkajhNy-00461-00114559-00115895 filter and see what happens
xls_kkajhNy-00462-00115896-00116007 that's good and listen to the difference
xls_kkajhNy-00463-00116008-00116190 between using the saturation and not
xls_kkajhNy-00464-00116191-00117095 saturation
xls_kkajhNy-00465-00117096-00117807 now let's go ahead and a b the plugin
xls_kkajhNy-00466-00117808-00117951 listen to how much more those subs are
xls_kkajhNy-00467-00117952-00118151 cleaned up
xls_kkajhNy-00468-00118152-00118302 awesome so this is a really great
xls_kkajhNy-00469-00118303-00118423 plug-in i really recommend that you
xls_kkajhNy-00470-00118424-00118623 watch dan's video on this but yet again
xls_kkajhNy-00471-00118624-00118943 this device is free it's unbelievable
xls_kkajhNy-00472-00118944-00119110 it's so cool okay so let's go ahead and
xls_kkajhNy-00473-00119111-00119278 listen to now that i've made changes
xls_kkajhNy-00474-00119279-00119566 with either a pultec or this eq on all
xls_kkajhNy-00475-00119567-00119678 these tracks let's go ahead and listen
xls_kkajhNy-00476-00119679-00119942 to the whole thing
xls_kkajhNy-00477-00119943-00121884 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00478-00121885-00122678 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00479-00122679-00122807 now i don't want you to get the
xls_kkajhNy-00480-00122808-00122999 impression that i'm advocating for these
xls_kkajhNy-00481-00123000-00123239 non-spectrum graph eqs to replace the
xls_kkajhNy-00482-00123240-00123534 amazing modern eqs and surgical radness
xls_kkajhNy-00483-00123535-00123783 that using a spectrum analyzer presents
xls_kkajhNy-00484-00123783-00124039 instead i'm presenting these eqs as more
xls_kkajhNy-00485-00124040-00124247 of an addition to your tool belt much if
xls_kkajhNy-00486-00124248-00124414 not most of the time my signal chains
xls_kkajhNy-00487-00124415-00124766 will consist of both a non-spectrum eq
xls_kkajhNy-00488-00124767-00125031 and a spectrum eq for example a pultec
xls_kkajhNy-00489-00125032-00125271 taking care of the tonal shaping and the
xls_kkajhNy-00490-00125272-00125543 pro q3 taking care of the notching in
xls_kkajhNy-00491-00125544-00125702 and out of conflicting frequencies and
xls_kkajhNy-00492-00125703-00125902 stuff like that i've gotten so used to
xls_kkajhNy-00493-00125903-00126078 relying on the pull tech for my tonal
xls_kkajhNy-00494-00126079-00126310 shaping that going back to just a
xls_kkajhNy-00495-00126311-00126558 spectrum eq seems counterintuitive and
xls_kkajhNy-00496-00126559-00126719 would really suck a lot of the joy out
xls_kkajhNy-00497-00126720-00126886 of my mixing process
xls_kkajhNy-00498-00126888-00127054 also when listening back to my mixes
xls_kkajhNy-00499-00127055-00127263 prior to using the pultec i gotta say
xls_kkajhNy-00500-00127264-00127431 they seem to lack something that i can't
xls_kkajhNy-00501-00127432-00127639 quite put my finger on maybe it's being
xls_kkajhNy-00502-00127640-00127814 a bit more daring with my mix and
xls_kkajhNy-00503-00127815-00128047 focusing my decisions on the mid-range
xls_kkajhNy-00504-00128048-00128207 anyway i hope this video was useful to
xls_kkajhNy-00505-00128208-00128375 you as always like comment subscribe
xls_kkajhNy-00506-00128376-00128534 thanks for watching everybody i'll see
xls_kkajhNy-00507-00128535-00128760 you next time
xls_kkajhNy-00508-00128761-00130039 [Music]
xls_kkajhNy-00509-00130040-00130248 you