fq7fnqGyM8y-00000-00000026-00000238 hey what's up guys it's Ryan from the
fq7fnqGyM8y-00001-00000239-00000374 credit movement and I had to do this
fq7fnqGyM8y-00002-00000375-00000542 quick video as I'm literally getting in
fq7fnqGyM8y-00003-00000543-00000730 my car leaving the office but I wanted
fq7fnqGyM8y-00004-00000731-00000862 to share this with you because many of
fq7fnqGyM8y-00005-00000863-00001094 you are going through financial survival
fq7fnqGyM8y-00006-00001095-00001354 mode right now unfortunately you lost a
fq7fnqGyM8y-00007-00001355-00001528 job or you went through an ugly divorce
fq7fnqGyM8y-00008-00001529-00001714 and you're trying to re-establish your
fq7fnqGyM8y-00009-00001716-00001957 financial independence and you're in a
fq7fnqGyM8y-00010-00001959-00002134 situation where you're wondering what
fq7fnqGyM8y-00011-00002135-00002348 should I not go delinquent on because
fq7fnqGyM8y-00012-00002349-00002462 there's certain things that are going to
fq7fnqGyM8y-00013-00002463-00002593 affect you more there's certain things
fq7fnqGyM8y-00014-00002594-00002800 that are gonna expose you more to wage
fq7fnqGyM8y-00015-00002801-00002987 garnishments in the future or whatever
fq7fnqGyM8y-00016-00002988-00003203 the situation may be so I wanted to
fq7fnqGyM8y-00017-00003204-00003401 prioritize that for you so you knew
fq7fnqGyM8y-00018-00003402-00003692 where to focus your energy as far as
fq7fnqGyM8y-00019-00003693-00003833 your credit and your finances are
fq7fnqGyM8y-00020-00003834-00004015 concerned if you went through some sort
fq7fnqGyM8y-00021-00004017-00004213 of hardship I've also included some
fq7fnqGyM8y-00022-00004214-00004361 information about building and
fq7fnqGyM8y-00023-00004362-00004483 establishing your credit and
fq7fnqGyM8y-00024-00004484-00004742 prioritizing who to pay what to pay to
fq7fnqGyM8y-00025-00004743-00004961 have the biggest impact on your score so
fq7fnqGyM8y-00026-00004962-00005126 check out the link it's in the actual
fq7fnqGyM8y-00027-00005127-00005297 post and it's also in the comments below
fq7fnqGyM8y-00028-00005298-00005554 but follow that link to read the article
fq7fnqGyM8y-00029-00005555-00005720 that I wrote about this topic and
fq7fnqGyM8y-00030-00005721-00005933 continue to share our posts like our
fq7fnqGyM8y-00031-00005934-00006269 page and keep coming back for more
frBaNCOYFFk-00000-00000014-00000329 the epsilon rocket I push Iran rocket oh
frBaNCOYFFk-00001-00000330-00000611 I push Iran Rho keto formerly advanced
frBaNCOYFFk-00002-00000612-00000857 solid rocket is a Japanese solid fuel
frBaNCOYFFk-00003-00000858-00001066 rocket designed to launch scientific
frBaNCOYFFk-00004-00001067-00001397 satellites it is a follow-on project to
frBaNCOYFFk-00005-00001398-00001634 the larger and more expensive MV rocket
frBaNCOYFFk-00006-00001635-00002014 which was retired in 2006 the Japan
frBaNCOYFFk-00007-00002016-00002392 aerospace exploration agency J AXA began
frBaNCOYFFk-00008-00002393-00002752 developing the epsilon in 2007 it is
frBaNCOYFFk-00009-00002753-00003065 capable of placing a 590 kilograms
frBaNCOYFFk-00010-00003066-00003872 payload into Sun synchronous orbit topic
frBaNCOYFFk-00011-00003872-00004490 vehicle description the development aim
frBaNCOYFFk-00012-00004491-00004736 is to reduce costs compared to the 70
frBaNCOYFFk-00013-00004737-00005063 million dollars launch cost of an MV the
frBaNCOYFFk-00014-00005064-00005384 epsilon costs 38 million dollars 23
frBaNCOYFFk-00015-00005385-00005606 million pounds per launch which is half
frBaNCOYFFk-00016-00005607-00005915 the cost of its predecessor development
frBaNCOYFFk-00017-00005916-00006229 expenditures by J AXA exceeded 200
frBaNCOYFFk-00018-00006230-00006448 million dollars to reduce the cost per
frBaNCOYFFk-00019-00006450-00006680 launch the epsilon users the existing
frBaNCOYFFk-00020-00006681-00006980 SRB a3 a solid rocket booster on the
frBaNCOYFFk-00021-00006981-00007384 h-iia rocket as its first stage existing
frBaNCOYFFk-00022-00007386-00007603 MV upper stages will be used for the
frBaNCOYFFk-00023-00007604-00007834 second and third stages with an optional
frBaNCOYFFk-00024-00007836-00008056 fourth stage available for launchers to
frBaNCOYFFk-00025-00008058-00008402 higher orbits the j-1 rocket which was
frBaNCOYFFk-00026-00008403-00008689 developed during the 1990s but abandoned
frBaNCOYFFk-00027-00008690-00008921 after just one launch used a similar
frBaNCOYFFk-00028-00008922-00009176 design concept with an h2 booster and
frBaNCOYFFk-00029-00009177-00009446 new 3s to upper stages the epsilon is
frBaNCOYFFk-00030-00009447-00009623 expected to have a shorter launch
frBaNCOYFFk-00031-00009624-00009864 preparation time than its predecessors
frBaNCOYFFk-00032-00009865-00010210 due to a function called mobile launch
frBaNCOYFFk-00033-00010211-00010484 control the rocket needs only eight
frBaNCOYFFk-00034-00010485-00010723 people at the launch site compared with
frBaNCOYFFk-00035-00010724-00011017 150 people for earlier systems the
frBaNCOYFFk-00036-00011018-00011317 rocket has a mass of 91 tons 90 long
frBaNCOYFFk-00037-00011318-00011630 tons 100 short tons and is twenty four
frBaNCOYFFk-00038-00011631-00011956 point four meters 80 feet tall and 2.5
frBaNCOYFFk-00039-00011957-00012830 meters 8.2 feet in diameter top
frBaNCOYFFk-00040-00012831-00013415 enhanced version after the successful
frBaNCOYFFk-00041-00013416-00013605 launch of the epsilon first flight
frBaNCOYFFk-00042-00013606-00013835 demonstration flight the improvement
frBaNCOYFFk-00043-00013836-00014041 plan was decided to handle the planned
frBaNCOYFFk-00044-00014043-00014269 payloads Jurgen a SNA ro two
frBaNCOYFFk-00045-00014270-00014644 requirements for the improvement Apogee
frBaNCOYFFk-00046-00014645-00014807 twenty eight thousand seven hundred
frBaNCOYFFk-00047-00014808-00015058 kilometers summer launched thirty one
frBaNCOYFFk-00048-00015059-00015290 thousand one hundred kilometers winter
frBaNCOYFFk-00049-00015291-00015491 launch of the three hundred and sixty
frBaNCOYFFk-00050-00015491-00015821 five kilograms payload sun-synchronous
frBaNCOYFFk-00051-00015822-00016103 orbit five hundred kilometers of a five
frBaNCOYFFk-00052-00016104-00016366 hundred and ninety kilograms payload
frBaNCOYFFk-00053-00016366-00016693 larger fairing planned characteristics
frBaNCOYFFk-00054-00016694-00017038 height twenty six point O meters
frBaNCOYFFk-00055-00017039-00017624 diameter two point five meters mass 95.1
frBaNCOYFFk-00056-00017625-00017900 t standard ninety-five point forty
frBaNCOYFFk-00057-00017901-00018161 optional fourth stage post boost stage
frBaNCOYFFk-00058-00018162-00018437 catalog performance according to IHI
frBaNCOYFFk-00059-00018438-00018805 aerospace low Earth orbit two hundred
frBaNCOYFFk-00060-00018806-00018986 and fifty kilometers times five hundred
frBaNCOYFFk-00061-00018987-00019321 kilometers one point five t
frBaNCOYFFk-00062-00019322-00019574 sun-synchronous orbit five hundred
frBaNCOYFFk-00063-00019575-00019861 kilometers times five hundred kilometers
frBaNCOYFFk-00064-00019862-00020315 0.60 final characteristics height twenty
frBaNCOYFFk-00065-00020316-00020702 six point o meters diameter two point
frBaNCOYFFk-00066-00020703-00020780 six meters
frBaNCOYFFk-00067-00020781-00021205 max two point five meters fairing mess
frBaNCOYFFk-00068-00021206-00021634 ninety-five point forty standard 95
frBaNCOYFFk-00069-00021635-00023115 seventy optional topic launch statistics
frBaNCOYFFk-00070-00023116-00024165 topic launch outcomes topic launch
frBaNCOYFFk-00071-00024166-00024753 history epsilon rockets are launched
frBaNCOYFFk-00072-00024754-00024936 from a pad at the Yuchun Ora Space
frBaNCOYFFk-00073-00024937-00025290 Center previously used by mu Rockets the
frBaNCOYFFk-00074-00025291-00025491 maiden flight carrying the sprinter
frBaNCOYFFk-00075-00025492-00025731 scientific satellite lifted off at five
frBaNCOYFFk-00076-00025732-00026064 o'clock coordinated Universal Time 1400
frBaNCOYFFk-00077-00026064-00026529 jst on September 14 2013 the launch was
frBaNCOYFFk-00078-00026530-00026760 conducted at a cost of 38 million
frBaNCOYFFk-00079-00026761-00027105 dollars on August 27 2013 the first
frBaNCOYFFk-00080-00027106-00027294 planned launch of the rocket had to be
frBaNCOYFFk-00081-00027295-00027525 aborted 19 seconds before liftoff
frBaNCOYFFk-00082-00027526-00027732 because of a botched data transmission
frBaNCOYFFk-00083-00027733-00028011 our ground-based computer had tried to
frBaNCOYFFk-00084-00028012-00028245 receive data from the rock at zero point
frBaNCOYFFk-00085-00028245-00028439 zero seven seconds before the
frBaNCOYFFk-00086-00028441-00028677 information was actually transmitted the
frBaNCOYFFk-00087-00028677-00028920 initial version of Epsilon has a payload
frBaNCOYFFk-00088-00028920-00029211 capacity to low-earth orbit of up to 500
frBaNCOYFFk-00089-00029212-00029412 kilograms with the operational version
frBaNCOYFFk-00090-00029413-00029754 expected to be able to place 1,200
frBaNCOYFFk-00091-00029755-00030276 kilograms 2600 pounds into a 250 by 500
frBaNCOYFFk-00092-00030277-00030795 kilometers 160 by 310 miles orbit or 700
frBaNCOYFFk-00093-00030795-00031127 kilograms 1,500 pounds to a circular
frBaNCOYFFk-00094-00031129-00031506 orbit at 500 kilometers 310 miles with
frBaNCOYFFk-00095-00031507-00032201 the aid of a hydrazine fueled stage
frBaNCOYFFk-00096-00032202-00032934 topic planned launches sources Japanese
frBaNCOYFFk-00097-00032935-00034055 cabinet topic internet data leak in
frBaNCOYFFk-00098-00034056-00034370 member 2012 jxa reported that there had
frBaNCOYFFk-00099-00034371-00034592 been a possible leak of rocket data due
frBaNCOYFFk-00100-00034593-00034982 to a computer virus jxa had previously
frBaNCOYFFk-00101-00034983-00035234 been a victim of cyber attacks possibly
frBaNCOYFFk-00102-00035235-00035603 for espionage purposes solid fuel rocket
frBaNCOYFFk-00103-00035604-00035849 data potentially has military value and
frBaNCOYFFk-00104-00035850-00036062 epsilon is considered as potentially
frBaNCOYFFk-00105-00036063-00036248 adaptable to an intercontinental
frBaNCOYFFk-00106-00036249-00036524 ballistic missile the Japan aerospace
frBaNCOYFFk-00107-00036525-00036833 exploration agency removed the infected
frBaNCOYFFk-00108-00036834-00037052 computer from its network and said its
frBaNCOYFFk-00109-00037053-00037406 MV rocket and h-iia and Hib rockets may
frBaNCOYFFk-00110-00037407-00038020 have been compromised
frBaNCOYFFk-00111-00038021-00038702 topic see also comparison of orbital
frBaNCOYFFk-00112-00038703-00039065 launchers families comparison of orbital
frBaNCOYFFk-00113-00039066-00039332 launch systems
frOGMXwHnUE-00000-00000000-00000311 most resins are tested on animals we
frOGMXwHnUE-00001-00000312-00000620 worked really hard to not do that
frOGMXwHnUE-00002-00000621-00000844 [Music]
frOGMXwHnUE-00003-00000846-00001037 I joined to
frOGMXwHnUE-00004-00001038-00001283 Doug we are going to talk to you about
frOGMXwHnUE-00005-00001284-00001528 testing on animals did you know that
frOGMXwHnUE-00006-00001529-00001829 most resins are tested on animals in
frOGMXwHnUE-00007-00001830-00001967 many countries around the world Canada
frOGMXwHnUE-00008-00001968-00002273 included the standard is to test on
frOGMXwHnUE-00009-00002274-00002615 animals namely rabbits but since they
frOGMXwHnUE-00010-00002616-00002765 don't have a rabbit I thought I would
frOGMXwHnUE-00011-00002766-00002963 just show you any live animals that you
frOGMXwHnUE-00012-00002964-00003131 could just put into context but exactly
frOGMXwHnUE-00013-00003132-00003388 insane testing on animals is exactly how
frOGMXwHnUE-00014-00003389-00003635 it sounds you take a live animal you put
frOGMXwHnUE-00015-00003636-00003917 your product on them with resins it
frOGMXwHnUE-00016-00003918-00004109 usually is the eye
frOGMXwHnUE-00017-00004110-00004409 then you record what happens did that
frOGMXwHnUE-00018-00004410-00004745 product melt that rabbit's eye or not
frOGMXwHnUE-00019-00004746-00004913 to demonstrate
frOGMXwHnUE-00020-00004914-00005213 in a way what exactly this means take
frOGMXwHnUE-00021-00005214-00005393 your hardener it's always a hardener
frOGMXwHnUE-00022-00005394-00005599 that's in question take a live animal
frOGMXwHnUE-00023-00005600-00005909 and you would pour this in their eye
frOGMXwHnUE-00024-00005910-00006083 and that is what the standards calls for
frOGMXwHnUE-00025-00006084-00006388 if this is cringy to you good it should
frOGMXwHnUE-00026-00006389-00006617 be cringy the whole standard itself is
frOGMXwHnUE-00027-00006618-00006853 disgusting it's immoral it's a medical
frOGMXwHnUE-00028-00006854-00007246 it's so alarming to me that no one has
frOGMXwHnUE-00029-00007247-00007409 changed these standards yet and I guess
frOGMXwHnUE-00030-00007409-00007523 that's part of the reason why I want to
frOGMXwHnUE-00031-00007523-00007691 make this video I want to tell you
frOGMXwHnUE-00032-00007692-00008039 however that art resin was not tested on
frOGMXwHnUE-00033-00008040-00008267 live animals we worked really hard to
frOGMXwHnUE-00034-00008268-00008519 not do that not compromise our ethics we
frOGMXwHnUE-00035-00008520-00008831 are animal lovers to the core I don't
frOGMXwHnUE-00036-00008832-00009017 think I can live with myself if I knew
frOGMXwHnUE-00037-00009018-00009245 that that's what we did we found a way
frOGMXwHnUE-00038-00009246-00009473 around the testing in a very acceptable
frOGMXwHnUE-00039-00009474-00009760 way I'm very happy to tell you that art
frOGMXwHnUE-00040-00009761-00010060 resume was not deemed corrosive it's a
frOGMXwHnUE-00041-00010061-00010319 big victory for us and I want you to
frOGMXwHnUE-00042-00010320-00010499 know that our resume deemed
frOGMXwHnUE-00043-00010500-00010691 non-corrosive means that if the art
frOGMXwHnUE-00044-00010692-00010901 resin will get on your skin it wouldn't
frOGMXwHnUE-00045-00010902-00011128 hurt you it would not melt your skin off
frOGMXwHnUE-00046-00011129-00011285 certainly not that's what corrosive
frOGMXwHnUE-00047-00011286-00011513 means I just wanted to let you know that
frOGMXwHnUE-00048-00011514-00011746 when you buy art resin you are buying a
frOGMXwHnUE-00049-00011747-00011999 product made by people that care people
frOGMXwHnUE-00050-00012000-00012185 that are artists themselves we want to
frOGMXwHnUE-00051-00012186-00012359 do good in the world and we want art
frOGMXwHnUE-00052-00012360-00012485 Rosen to be part of the solution not
frOGMXwHnUE-00053-00012486-00012593 part of the problem
frOGMXwHnUE-00054-00012594-00013100 [Music]
fsE4gfAG8du-00000-00000035-00000388 zero to infinity Oh aye aye infinity
fsE4gfAG8du-00001-00000389-00000590 sometimes rendered as zero to infinity
fsE4gfAG8du-00002-00000591-00000875 is a private Spanish company developing
fsE4gfAG8du-00003-00000876-00001085 high-altitude balloons to provide access
fsE4gfAG8du-00004-00001086-00001324 to near space and low-earth orbit using
fsE4gfAG8du-00005-00001325-00001537 a balloon borne pod and a balloon borne
fsE4gfAG8du-00006-00001538-00001939 launcher the company was founded in 2009
fsE4gfAG8du-00007-00001941-00002260 by aerospace engineer Jose Mariano Lopez
fsE4gfAG8du-00008-00002261-00002551 hurdles the current CEO it is
fsE4gfAG8du-00009-00002552-00002747 headquartered in barbera del Val
fsE4gfAG8du-00010-00002748-00003208 Barcelona Spain 0 to infinity has been
fsE4gfAG8du-00011-00003209-00003406 testing high-altitude balloons and
fsE4gfAG8du-00012-00003407-00003590 launching small payloads to high
fsE4gfAG8du-00013-00003590-00003838 altitudes for scientific institutions
fsE4gfAG8du-00014-00003839-00004022 and commercial firms for testing
fsE4gfAG8du-00015-00004022-00004178 elements above most of the Earth's
fsE4gfAG8du-00016-00004179-00004475 atmosphere their launch system has a
fsE4gfAG8du-00017-00004476-00004679 significantly lower impact on the
fsE4gfAG8du-00018-00004680-00004847 environment and advantage over
fsE4gfAG8du-00019-00004848-00005179 conventional systems the company's pod
fsE4gfAG8du-00020-00005180-00005372 name balloon may also be used for
fsE4gfAG8du-00021-00005373-00005750 tourism as of late 2016 its CEO had
fsE4gfAG8du-00022-00005751-00005945 suggested that commercial flights could
fsE4gfAG8du-00023-00005946-00006692 take place as early as 2019
fsE4gfAG8du-00024-00006693-00007239 topic products
fsE4gfAG8du-00025-00007240-00007544 it currently has three lines of business
fsE4gfAG8du-00026-00007545-00007845 blow star a balloon born launcher for
fsE4gfAG8du-00027-00007845-00008091 carrying payloads such as small micro
fsE4gfAG8du-00028-00008092-00008322 and nano satellites to orbit based on
fsE4gfAG8du-00029-00008323-00008619 rock on technology balloon a balloon
fsE4gfAG8du-00030-00008620-00008886 borne zero-emission craft for launching
fsE4gfAG8du-00031-00008887-00009078 crewed vehicles to near space for
fsE4gfAG8du-00032-00009079-00009339 scientific research educational and also
fsE4gfAG8du-00033-00009340-00009750 space tourism purposes elevate a service
fsE4gfAG8du-00034-00009751-00009972 provided to fly payloads to near space
fsE4gfAG8du-00035-00009973-00010230 for science communications satellite
fsE4gfAG8du-00036-00010231-00010461 testing meteorology and marketing
fsE4gfAG8du-00037-00010462-00011035 purposes
fsE4gfAG8du-00038-00011036-00011553 topic blow star
fsE4gfAG8du-00039-00011554-00011827 blow star is a launch vehicle currently
fsE4gfAG8du-00040-00011828-00012042 in development intended to compete in
fsE4gfAG8du-00041-00012043-00012355 the small satellite launch market it is
fsE4gfAG8du-00042-00012356-00012552 based on the rockin concept the first
fsE4gfAG8du-00043-00012553-00012781 stage of the ascent is conducted by the
fsE4gfAG8du-00044-00012782-00013015 use of a high-altitude balloon up to 30
fsE4gfAG8du-00045-00013016-00013269 kilometres 19 miles where the rocket
fsE4gfAG8du-00046-00013270-00013465 platform is ignited and detached from
fsE4gfAG8du-00047-00013466-00013672 the balloon to insert the payload into
fsE4gfAG8du-00048-00013672-00013953 orbit the design is intended to be
fsE4gfAG8du-00049-00013954-00014211 capable of delivering a 140 kilograms
fsE4gfAG8du-00050-00014212-00014478 payload to a 200 kilometer low-earth
fsE4gfAG8du-00051-00014479-00014856 orbit or a 75 kilograms payload to a 600
fsE4gfAG8du-00052-00014857-00015519 kilometer Sun synchronous orbit
fsE4gfAG8du-00053-00015520-00016003 topic design
fsE4gfAG8du-00054-00016004-00016263 the launch vehicle is composed of a set
fsE4gfAG8du-00055-00016265-00016461 of liquid fuel engines clustered as
fsE4gfAG8du-00056-00016462-00016660 concentric toroid attached to the
fsE4gfAG8du-00057-00016661-00016975 central payload each toroid works as a
fsE4gfAG8du-00058-00016976-00017178 stage during the rocket climb once it
fsE4gfAG8du-00059-00017179-00017347 has been ignited from around 30
fsE4gfAG8du-00060-00017348-00017643 kilometers 19 miles above ground level
fsE4gfAG8du-00061-00017644-00017947 the stages are progressively separated
fsE4gfAG8du-00062-00017948-00018166 of the vehicle similarly to conventional
fsE4gfAG8du-00063-00018167-00018364 Satellite Launch using a rocket with
fsE4gfAG8du-00064-00018365-00018708 parallel staging the design includes a
fsE4gfAG8du-00065-00018709-00018952 total of 13 engines split across three
fsE4gfAG8du-00066-00018953-00019189 stages or using methyl arcs liquid
fsE4gfAG8du-00067-00019190-00019530 methane and liquid oxygen fuel the first
fsE4gfAG8du-00068-00019531-00019840 outermost stage is a toroid with 62
fsE4gfAG8du-00069-00019841-00020097 engines each producing 15 kilonewtons of
fsE4gfAG8du-00070-00020098-00020314 thrust the second stage is a smaller
fsE4gfAG8du-00071-00020315-00020593 toroid with six small at 81 engines each
fsE4gfAG8du-00072-00020594-00020830 producing 2 kilonewtons of thrust the
fsE4gfAG8du-00073-00020831-00020994 third stage is positioned at the center
fsE4gfAG8du-00074-00020995-00021238 of the toroid x' with a single TD one
fsE4gfAG8du-00075-00021239-00021525 engine by using propellant cross feed
fsE4gfAG8du-00076-00021526-00021700 all available engines will fire
fsE4gfAG8du-00077-00021701-00021967 simultaneously but only the fuel tank in
fsE4gfAG8du-00078-00021968-00022174 the outermost stage will be depleted at
fsE4gfAG8du-00079-00022175-00022494 a time increasing performance as the
fsE4gfAG8du-00080-00022495-00022705 engines will only ever fire at very high
fsE4gfAG8du-00081-00022706-00022959 altitude all 13 will be optimized to
fsE4gfAG8du-00082-00022960-00023205 produce maximum thrust in vacuum or near
fsE4gfAG8du-00083-00023206-00023433 vacuum conditions similar to the upper
fsE4gfAG8du-00084-00023434-00023664 stage engines of conventional rockets
fsE4gfAG8du-00085-00023665-00023947 due to their high altitude only use
fsE4gfAG8du-00086-00023948-00024153 turbo pumps have been emitted from the
fsE4gfAG8du-00087-00024154-00024387 engine design substantially reducing
fsE4gfAG8du-00088-00024388-00024678 cost and complexity the combustion
fsE4gfAG8du-00089-00024679-00024919 chambers for the t1 engines are 3d
fsE4gfAG8du-00090-00024920-00025162 printed by the andalusian foundation for
fsE4gfAG8du-00091-00025163-00025405 aerospace development the use of several
fsE4gfAG8du-00092-00025406-00025608 toroid shaped stages results in an
fsE4gfAG8du-00093-00025609-00025825 increased standoff distance to the sonic
fsE4gfAG8du-00094-00025826-00026070 line during atmospheric entry reducing
fsE4gfAG8du-00095-00026072-00026281 the possibility of damaging the stages
fsE4gfAG8du-00096-00026282-00026489 because of the high temperatures reached
fsE4gfAG8du-00097-00026491-00026752 another promoted advantage is the
fsE4gfAG8du-00098-00026752-00026968 capability to launch satellites with no
fsE4gfAG8du-00099-00026969-00027160 need of folding them as a flat shaped
fsE4gfAG8du-00100-00027161-00027364 vehicle is capable of fitting panel
fsE4gfAG8du-00101-00027364-00027535 deployed satellites right from the
fsE4gfAG8du-00102-00027536-00027745 launch site the balloon components will
fsE4gfAG8du-00103-00027745-00027981 be landed and potentially reused
fsE4gfAG8du-00104-00027982-00028270 according to Lopes herbals the blow star
fsE4gfAG8du-00105-00028270-00028521 rocket launch vehicle has been designed
fsE4gfAG8du-00106-00028522-00028801 to be reusable technically but not as
fsE4gfAG8du-00107-00028802-00029115 part of the business plan the engines
fsE4gfAG8du-00108-00029116-00029389 burn methane and oxygen for many
fsE4gfAG8du-00109-00029390-00029651 but one is that it creates less certain
fsE4gfAG8du-00110-00029652-00030004 leaves the engines reusable also the
fsE4gfAG8du-00111-00030005-00030226 shape of a torus has been selected to
fsE4gfAG8du-00112-00030227-00030549 reduce the Aero heating on re-entry the
fsE4gfAG8du-00113-00030550-00030848 optimal shape in vacuum is similar to
fsE4gfAG8du-00114-00030849-00031198 the optimal shape for re-entry blunt the
fsE4gfAG8du-00115-00031199-00031411 optimal shape for ascent is very
fsE4gfAG8du-00116-00031412-00031708 different slender blow star has been
fsE4gfAG8du-00117-00031709-00031930 designed from its ignition taking into
fsE4gfAG8du-00118-00031931-00032188 account the way back down it's easier to
fsE4gfAG8du-00119-00032189-00032446 do if the way up is taken care of by the
fsE4gfAG8du-00120-00032447-00032749 balloon recovery will be attempted
fsE4gfAG8du-00121-00032750-00032989 however and consideration has been given
fsE4gfAG8du-00122-00032990-00033205 for an eventual system by which the
fsE4gfAG8du-00123-00033206-00033433 first stage will descent top-down using
fsE4gfAG8du-00124-00033434-00033632 a portion of its dorsal fairing as an
fsE4gfAG8du-00125-00033633-00033823 ablative heat shield and slow to be
fsE4gfAG8du-00126-00033824-00034448 caught in a sea based net
fsE4gfAG8du-00127-00034449-00035015 topic development history
fsE4gfAG8du-00128-00035016-00035308 development of blo star began in 2013
fsE4gfAG8du-00129-00035309-00035610 the first flight test was successfully
fsE4gfAG8du-00130-00035611-00035886 conducted in March 2017 in which a less
fsE4gfAG8du-00131-00035887-00036096 than half scale prototype of the upper
fsE4gfAG8du-00132-00036097-00036368 two stages was carried to 25 kilometers
fsE4gfAG8du-00133-00036369-00036624 altitude by balloon separated made a
fsE4gfAG8du-00134-00036625-00036882 short burn using a small solid motor and
fsE4gfAG8du-00135-00036883-00037148 then was recovered intact by parachute
fsE4gfAG8du-00136-00037149-00037386 according to the payload users guide
fsE4gfAG8du-00137-00037387-00037583 phase two of development will follow
fsE4gfAG8du-00138-00037584-00037802 which will involve suborbital flights of
fsE4gfAG8du-00139-00037803-00038012 nano blue star a third stage from a
fsE4gfAG8du-00140-00038013-00038283 production blo star with a 75 kilograms
fsE4gfAG8du-00141-00038284-00038601 payload to 180 kilometers altitude at
fsE4gfAG8du-00142-00038602-00038858 that time of the 2017 test flight the
fsE4gfAG8du-00143-00038859-00039057 first commercial launch was projected
fsE4gfAG8du-00144-00039058-00039405 for 2019 however Lopes hurdles
fsE4gfAG8du-00145-00039406-00039596 subsequently noted this date could
fsE4gfAG8du-00146-00039597-00039846 potentially slip as 0 to infinity
fsE4gfAG8du-00147-00039847-00039989 focused on its revenue-generating
fsE4gfAG8du-00148-00039990-00040672 elevate product line
fsE4gfAG8du-00149-00040673-00041162 topic bloom
fsE4gfAG8du-00150-00041163-00041408 balloon is a zero-emission craft in
fsE4gfAG8du-00151-00041409-00041595 development which consists of a
fsE4gfAG8du-00152-00041596-00041820 high-altitude balloon borne capsule to
fsE4gfAG8du-00153-00041821-00042030 perform manned flights to near space and
fsE4gfAG8du-00154-00042031-00042218 a steerable parachute system for
fsE4gfAG8du-00155-00042219-00042521 returning autonomously to earth it also
fsE4gfAG8du-00156-00042522-00042720 refers to the balloon borne craft
fsE4gfAG8du-00157-00042721-00042930 prototype range of the same company
fsE4gfAG8du-00158-00042931-00043161 balloon mini balloon micro balloon and
fsE4gfAG8du-00159-00043162-00043349 nano balloon which are differentiated
fsE4gfAG8du-00160-00043350-00043548 among and by the size considering that
fsE4gfAG8du-00161-00043549-00043770 only a helium balloon is responsible for
fsE4gfAG8du-00162-00043771-00043935 lifting the load above most of the
fsE4gfAG8du-00163-00043936-00044142 atmosphere it is considered a zero
fsE4gfAG8du-00164-00044143-00044408 emission craft with this technology
fsE4gfAG8du-00165-00044409-00044595 balloon would carry up to four
fsE4gfAG8du-00166-00044596-00044870 passengers and two pilots six total crew
fsE4gfAG8du-00167-00044871-00045158 to an altitude as high as 36 kilometres
fsE4gfAG8du-00168-00045159-00045680 22 miles 118 thousand 110 feet the
fsE4gfAG8du-00169-00045681-00045957 vehicle would take from 1.5 to 2 hours
fsE4gfAG8du-00170-00045958-00046196 to reach maximum altitude and then stay
fsE4gfAG8du-00171-00046197-00046404 there for up to 2 hours with a final
fsE4gfAG8du-00172-00046405-00046614 descent by steerable parachute after
fsE4gfAG8du-00173-00046615-00046836 releasing the balloon using airbags to
fsE4gfAG8du-00174-00046837-00047430 smooth the landing
fsE4gfAG8du-00175-00047431-00047944 topic elevate
fsE4gfAG8du-00176-00047945-00048196 elevate is a service provided to lift
fsE4gfAG8du-00177-00048197-00048358 payloads to near space on a
fsE4gfAG8du-00178-00048359-00048553 stratospheric balloon platform for
fsE4gfAG8du-00179-00048554-00048778 purposes such as testing of components
fsE4gfAG8du-00180-00048779-00049030 of spacecraft drop tests celestial
fsE4gfAG8du-00181-00049031-00049357 observation or publicity the useful load
fsE4gfAG8du-00182-00049358-00049582 on a stratospheric zero pressure balloon
fsE4gfAG8du-00183-00049583-00049831 can range from several kilograms to over
fsE4gfAG8du-00184-00049832-00050098 5,000 kilograms and the target altitude
fsE4gfAG8du-00185-00050099-00050494 varies between 20 and 42 kilometers the
fsE4gfAG8du-00186-00050495-00050731 duration at altitude or float can be
fsE4gfAG8du-00187-00050732-00050959 extended from hours to several days or
fsE4gfAG8du-00188-00050960-00051121 even weeks depending on the launch
fsE4gfAG8du-00189-00051122-00051445 location additional solutions such as
fsE4gfAG8du-00190-00051446-00051694 solar arrays battery power or advanced
fsE4gfAG8du-00191-00051695-00051937 return options such as a guided parafoil
fsE4gfAG8du-00192-00051938-00052144 as opposed to a traditional parachute
fsE4gfAG8du-00193-00052145-00052363 and tailor-made solutions to customer
fsE4gfAG8du-00194-00052364-00052570 requirements are also offered as part of
fsE4gfAG8du-00195-00052571-00053219 the elevate service
fsE4gfAG8du-00196-00053220-00053748 topic flights
fsE4gfAG8du-00197-00053749-00054048 0 to infinity reports that it has
fsE4gfAG8du-00198-00054049-00054449 conducted over 30 flights as of 2016 the
fsE4gfAG8du-00199-00054450-00054638 most important flights for balloon are
fsE4gfAG8du-00200-00054639-00054968 listed below the company also considered
fsE4gfAG8du-00201-00054969-00055169 performing another near space flight to
fsE4gfAG8du-00202-00055170-00055454 generate a 360-degree footage of the
fsE4gfAG8du-00203-00055455-00055716 solar eclipse of March 20th 2015
fsE4gfAG8du-00204-00055716-00056111 on March 1st 2017 0 to infinity ignited
fsE4gfAG8du-00205-00056112-00056342 its first rocket from near space a blow
fsE4gfAG8du-00206-00056343-00056663 star prototype the flight took place at
fsE4gfAG8du-00207-00056664-00056876 the inter instituto nacional de tech
fsE4gfAG8du-00208-00056877-00057116 near aero spatial facilities in El arena
fsE4gfAG8du-00209-00057117-00057437 silho vuelva the balloon that took blo
fsE4gfAG8du-00210-00057438-00057701 star to 25 kilometers was launched from
fsE4gfAG8du-00211-00057702-00058041 a boat in the Gulf of Cadiz at 25
fsE4gfAG8du-00212-00058041-00058250 kilometers the ignition of the rocket
fsE4gfAG8du-00213-00058251-00058499 took place the goals of the mission were
fsE4gfAG8du-00214-00058500-00058757 I validation of the telemetry systems in
fsE4gfAG8du-00215-00058758-00059006 space conditions II controlled ignition
fsE4gfAG8du-00216-00059007-00059261 II stabilization of the rocket IV
fsE4gfAG8du-00217-00059262-00059478 monitoring of the launch sequence the
fsE4gfAG8du-00218-00059479-00059772 parachute deployment and finally by sea
fsE4gfAG8du-00219-00059773-00060026 recovery all these goals were achieved
fsE4gfAG8du-00220-00060027-00060617 in full
fsE4gfAG8du-00221-00060619-00061186 topic see also
fsE4gfAG8du-00222-00061187-00061462 worldview enterprises another near-space
fsE4gfAG8du-00223-00061463-00061830 balloon tourism company
ft49sp4Whj8-00000-00001008-00002016 hello
ft49sp4Whj8-00001-00002017-00002647 [Music]
ft49sp4Whj8-00002-00002648-00002845 is
ft49sp4Whj8-00003-00002846-00003840 [Music]
ft49sp4Whj8-00004-00003840-00004967 [Music]
ft49sp4Whj8-00005-00004968-00005306 [Applause]
ft49sp4Whj8-00006-00005307-00006598 [Music]
ft49sp4Whj8-00008-00011064-00012719 hey
ft49sp4Whj8-00009-00012720-00014758 is
ft49sp4Whj8-00010-00014759-00015991 now
ft49sp4Whj8-00011-00015991-00016663 there you go
ft49sp4Whj8-00012-00016664-00017519 [Music]
ft49sp4Whj8-00013-00017520-00017736 there you go
ft49sp4Whj8-00014-00017737-00018528 [Music]
ft49sp4Whj8-00015-00018529-00018775 [Music]
ft49sp4Whj8-00016-00018776-00020439 foreign
ft49sp4Whj8-00017-00020440-00020740 everybody
fwzlKC2-FGu-00000-00000290-00000503 [Music]
fwzlKC2-FGu-00001-00000504-00000823 good morning everybody this is the first
fwzlKC2-FGu-00002-00000824-00001031 colloquia of the institute of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00003-00001032-00001247 astrophysical and lucia
fwzlKC2-FGu-00004-00001248-00001687 for this new year 2021
fwzlKC2-FGu-00005-00001688-00001959 and the first talk will be given by
fwzlKC2-FGu-00006-00001960-00002095 professor doctor
fwzlKC2-FGu-00007-00002096-00002431 juan garcia velito from
fwzlKC2-FGu-00008-00002432-00002639 madrid and he will talk about the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00009-00002640-00002791 primordial black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00010-00002792-00003118 dark matter and gravitational waves
fwzlKC2-FGu-00011-00003119-00003438 isabel marquez will introduce
fwzlKC2-FGu-00012-00003439-00003799 professor pacific
fwzlKC2-FGu-00013-00003800-00003959 hello good morning everybody and thank
fwzlKC2-FGu-00014-00003960-00004167 you very much for attending the first
fwzlKC2-FGu-00015-00004168-00004543 web vacuum in 2021 i i take this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00016-00004544-00004870 opportunity to wish you a happy new year
fwzlKC2-FGu-00017-00004871-00005127 um and i really i really hope it will be
fwzlKC2-FGu-00018-00005128-00005286 happy and will be new
fwzlKC2-FGu-00019-00005287-00005559 of course i thank professor garcia
fwzlKC2-FGu-00020-00005560-00005759 vegito for accepting our invitation to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00021-00005760-00005863 contribute to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00022-00005864-00006102 online colloquia and our server ochoa
fwzlKC2-FGu-00023-00006103-00006191 program at the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00024-00006192-00006575 institute and an invitation that i would
fwzlKC2-FGu-00025-00006576-00006814 like to extend to a real one
fwzlKC2-FGu-00026-00006815-00007119 for the next future expect fun
fwzlKC2-FGu-00027-00007120-00007327 our invited speaker juan garcia vegito
fwzlKC2-FGu-00028-00007328-00007519 is professor of theoretical physics at
fwzlKC2-FGu-00029-00007520-00007719 the universidad autonoma de madrid
fwzlKC2-FGu-00030-00007720-00007895 and researcher at the institute of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00031-00007895-00008078 physical theorica from the spanish
fwzlKC2-FGu-00032-00008079-00008374 national research council rsik
fwzlKC2-FGu-00033-00008375-00008574 he got his degree in physical sciences
fwzlKC2-FGu-00034-00008575-00008791 from the university of confluence
fwzlKC2-FGu-00035-00008792-00009151 in madrid in 1988 then the doctorate in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00036-00009152-00009246 physics in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00037-00009247-00009574 by the universidad autonoma in in 92
fwzlKC2-FGu-00038-00009575-00009703 where the thesis were done at the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00039-00009704-00010071 instituto de structural materials
fwzlKC2-FGu-00040-00010072-00010310 afterwards he got two postdocs two years
fwzlKC2-FGu-00041-00010311-00010391 each
fwzlKC2-FGu-00042-00010392-00010646 first at stanford university in united
fwzlKC2-FGu-00043-00010647-00010831 states and then at the university of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00044-00010832-00010903 sussex
fwzlKC2-FGu-00045-00010904-00011159 in the in the united kingdom he was also
fwzlKC2-FGu-00046-00011160-00011342 fellow and research associate of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00047-00011343-00011510 theory division of the cern
fwzlKC2-FGu-00048-00011511-00011823 where he is still regularly invited he
fwzlKC2-FGu-00049-00011824-00012063 also enjoyed a royal society university
fwzlKC2-FGu-00050-00012064-00012319 research fellowship at imperial college
fwzlKC2-FGu-00051-00012320-00012606 of london and was guest professor at the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00052-00012607-00012791 university of geneva during aesthetical
fwzlKC2-FGu-00053-00012792-00012935 year
fwzlKC2-FGu-00054-00012936-00013263 author of several hundreds of papers in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00055-00013263-00013343 specialized
fwzlKC2-FGu-00056-00013344-00013551 journals he's an international
fwzlKC2-FGu-00057-00013552-00013847 recognized theoretical cosmologist
fwzlKC2-FGu-00058-00013847-00014127 member of the dark energy service survey
fwzlKC2-FGu-00059-00014128-00014230 collaboration des
fwzlKC2-FGu-00060-00014231-00014447 and also physics of the dark universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00061-00014447-00014694 pow and also a member of the consortia
fwzlKC2-FGu-00062-00014695-00014830 from the isa missions
fwzlKC2-FGu-00063-00014831-00015150 euclid and lisa his research covers a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00064-00015151-00015375 wide range of phenomena from the origin
fwzlKC2-FGu-00065-00015376-00015591 of the universe in terms of the theory
fwzlKC2-FGu-00066-00015591-00015671 of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00067-00015672-00015958 cosmological inflation two gravitational
fwzlKC2-FGu-00068-00015959-00016158 waves the formation of galaxies and the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00069-00016159-00016447 nature of dark matter and energy
fwzlKC2-FGu-00070-00016448-00016686 he told us his lover of music and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00071-00016687-00016750 painting
fwzlKC2-FGu-00072-00016751-00016943 and he's married and has two children
fwzlKC2-FGu-00073-00016944-00017158 it's a pleasure to real pleasure and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00074-00017159-00017358 an honor to have today with us professor
fwzlKC2-FGu-00075-00017359-00017486 juan graciabilido
fwzlKC2-FGu-00076-00017487-00017647 talking about primordial black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00077-00017648-00017814 gravitational waves
fwzlKC2-FGu-00078-00017815-00018103 and dark matter thank you very much juan
fwzlKC2-FGu-00079-00018104-00018263 thank you sarel it's a pleasure
fwzlKC2-FGu-00080-00018264-00018463 it's a pleasure to be with you and happy
fwzlKC2-FGu-00081-00018464-00018630 new year to everyone
fwzlKC2-FGu-00082-00018631-00018871 thanks for the invitation i definitely
fwzlKC2-FGu-00083-00018872-00019079 we accept this invitation to be
fwzlKC2-FGu-00084-00019080-00019294 in person in a few months when when this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00085-00019295-00019486 pandemia has finished
fwzlKC2-FGu-00086-00019487-00019847 and i hope by then we will have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00087-00019848-00020086 new results that would make this even
fwzlKC2-FGu-00088-00020087-00020191 more interesting
fwzlKC2-FGu-00089-00020192-00020503 so i'm going to tell you about
fwzlKC2-FGu-00090-00020504-00020958 a new para a shift in paradigm in terms
fwzlKC2-FGu-00091-00020959-00021014 of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00092-00021015-00021150 the formation of structure in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00093-00021151-00021343 universe and this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00094-00021344-00021543 is based on fundamental physics as you
fwzlKC2-FGu-00095-00021544-00021703 will see
fwzlKC2-FGu-00096-00021704-00021871 the idea is that primordial black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00097-00021872-00022071 may constitute all of the dark matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-00098-00022072-00022422 and fortunately we have now the means
fwzlKC2-FGu-00099-00022423-00022727 to test this idea which has been with us
fwzlKC2-FGu-00100-00022728-00022894 for a few decades
fwzlKC2-FGu-00101-00022895-00023150 uh thanks to the new window that has
fwzlKC2-FGu-00102-00023151-00023311 opened to us
fwzlKC2-FGu-00103-00023312-00023558 in the universe which is the detection
fwzlKC2-FGu-00104-00023559-00023719 of gradation waves with a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00105-00023720-00024014 with interferometers like niger virgo so
fwzlKC2-FGu-00106-00024015-00024055 i
fwzlKC2-FGu-00107-00024056-00024375 will try to be a very broad
fwzlKC2-FGu-00108-00024376-00024599 i will try to give you an introduction
fwzlKC2-FGu-00109-00024600-00024735 to the subject
fwzlKC2-FGu-00110-00024736-00025103 a very gradual introduction
fwzlKC2-FGu-00111-00025104-00025439 and at the end of course i i'll be happy
fwzlKC2-FGu-00112-00025440-00025511 to answer
fwzlKC2-FGu-00113-00025512-00025822 any specific questions that you may have
fwzlKC2-FGu-00114-00025823-00026174 from the scenario so first of all
fwzlKC2-FGu-00115-00026175-00026374 all of these would not have happened if
fwzlKC2-FGu-00116-00026375-00026574 we weren't on the shoulders of giants
fwzlKC2-FGu-00117-00026575-00026727 what do i mean by that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00118-00026727-00027014 we have to we base our understanding of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00119-00027016-00027111 the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00120-00027112-00027535 into a three or four fundamental pillars
fwzlKC2-FGu-00121-00027536-00027846 of understanding in physics the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00122-00027847-00028095 graphical physics from generativity
fwzlKC2-FGu-00123-00028095-00028223 thermodynamics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00124-00028224-00028574 and the microscopic behavior of matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-00125-00028575-00028870 from quantum mechanics we also know the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00126-00028872-00028943 structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-00127-00028944-00029095 of the universe in terms of their
fwzlKC2-FGu-00128-00029095-00029287 fundamental constituents
fwzlKC2-FGu-00129-00029288-00029551 what we understand as a particle physics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00130-00029552-00029758 understand the model of particle physics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00131-00029760-00030062 in terms of the particles we we know
fwzlKC2-FGu-00132-00030063-00030352 and lost the leptons and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00133-00030352-00030631 [Music]
fwzlKC2-FGu-00134-00030632-00030983 herons fermions and bosons
fwzlKC2-FGu-00135-00030983-00031262 which constitute the the elementary
fwzlKC2-FGu-00136-00031263-00031462 constituents of the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00137-00031463-00031711 now in order to understand the beginning
fwzlKC2-FGu-00138-00031712-00031814 of the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00139-00031816-00032167 we understand now in terms of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00140-00032168-00032543 a an idea the paradigm the paradigm
fwzlKC2-FGu-00141-00032544-00032783 of inflation which uses two fundamental
fwzlKC2-FGu-00142-00032784-00032943 concepts that of general activity and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00143-00032944-00033055 quantum mechanics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00144-00033056-00033423 to convey a first give rise to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00145-00033424-00033559 tremendous expansion
fwzlKC2-FGu-00146-00033560-00033767 of of the universe at the beginning and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00147-00033768-00033862 then to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00148-00033863-00034223 a seeding a structure uh on
fwzlKC2-FGu-00149-00034224-00034527 on spacetime creating the seeds onto
fwzlKC2-FGu-00150-00034528-00034615 which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00151-00034616-00034855 eventually all the galaxies and the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00152-00034856-00034999 structures we observe in our universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00153-00035000-00035151 they can form
fwzlKC2-FGu-00154-00035152-00035511 now this general picture is a very a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00155-00035512-00035823 dynamical one it started a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00156-00035824-00036071 near the planck scale with this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00157-00036072-00036223 tremendous expansion that we call
fwzlKC2-FGu-00158-00036224-00036327 inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00159-00036328-00036630 it ended generating the big bang
fwzlKC2-FGu-00160-00036631-00036799 so it produced all the particles the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00161-00036800-00036935 reactivistic particles which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00162-00036936-00037318 then expanded uh driving
fwzlKC2-FGu-00163-00037319-00037615 the the expansion of the universe and a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00164-00037616-00037687 later on
fwzlKC2-FGu-00165-00037688-00037935 evolving forming structure so first the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00166-00037936-00038207 first nuclei then the first atoms for
fwzlKC2-FGu-00167-00038208-00038511 stars galaxies et cetera until
fwzlKC2-FGu-00168-00038512-00038839 uh we observe it today so obvious
fwzlKC2-FGu-00169-00038840-00038927 evolution
fwzlKC2-FGu-00170-00038928-00039383 it comes from very fundamental physics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00171-00039384-00039615 happens at very high energies and for
fwzlKC2-FGu-00172-00039616-00039790 the moment we don't understand
fwzlKC2-FGu-00173-00039791-00039959 we don't know what is the fundamental
fwzlKC2-FGu-00174-00039960-00040127 constitution give it rise to inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00175-00040128-00040174 we
fwzlKC2-FGu-00176-00040175-00040367 believe it's an effective description in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00177-00040368-00040559 terms of a of a scalar field
fwzlKC2-FGu-00178-00040560-00040902 which we call the inflaton whose quantum
fwzlKC2-FGu-00179-00040903-00040999 fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00180-00041000-00041215 uh produce ripples in space-time which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00181-00041216-00041358 are stretched by this tremendous
fwzlKC2-FGu-00182-00041359-00041518 expansion and become
fwzlKC2-FGu-00183-00041519-00041839 classical cosmological fluctuations an
fwzlKC2-FGu-00184-00041840-00041927 instance of which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00185-00041928-00042143 can be seen in the a caution macro
fwzlKC2-FGu-00186-00042144-00042318 background and isotropy that you are
fwzlKC2-FGu-00187-00042319-00042495 depicted here
fwzlKC2-FGu-00188-00042496-00042807 so in the sphere of the sky we observe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00189-00042808-00043007 the remnants of those fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00190-00043008-00043143 during inflation as
fwzlKC2-FGu-00191-00043144-00043318 little differences in temperature in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00192-00043319-00043479 different directions in the sky
fwzlKC2-FGu-00193-00043480-00043662 that we call temperature and hunter
fwzlKC2-FGu-00194-00043663-00043887 piece now of course
fwzlKC2-FGu-00195-00043888-00044151 inflation is not just the generator of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00196-00044152-00044311 fluctuations in the cmb it generates
fwzlKC2-FGu-00197-00044312-00044495 fluctuations on all scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-00198-00044496-00044735 typically we are accustomed to observing
fwzlKC2-FGu-00199-00044736-00044902 the fluctuations in both
fwzlKC2-FGu-00200-00044903-00045190 a cnb scale so the larger scales in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00201-00045191-00045239 sort of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00202-00045240-00045462 universe today or in logical structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-00203-00045463-00045599 scales all the way down to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00204-00045600-00045943 megaparsecs now where galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-00205-00045944-00046230 clusters and superclusters leave and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00206-00046231-00046279 these
fwzlKC2-FGu-00207-00046280-00046574 fluctuations which we observe actually
fwzlKC2-FGu-00208-00046575-00046727 correspond to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00209-00046728-00047046 a fluctuation that left inflation were
fwzlKC2-FGu-00210-00047047-00047223 generated in the early universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00211-00047224-00047599 at a specific scale specific time
fwzlKC2-FGu-00212-00047600-00047823 inflation does one-to-one correspondence
fwzlKC2-FGu-00213-00047824-00047967 between time and scale
fwzlKC2-FGu-00214-00047968-00048135 so it tells you that say fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00215-00048136-00048279 that left 50
fwzlKC2-FGu-00216-00048280-00048439 or 60 evolves before the end of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00217-00048440-00048679 deflation entered
fwzlKC2-FGu-00218-00048680-00048967 relatively recently in the universe in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00219-00048968-00049135 our observable universe say
fwzlKC2-FGu-00220-00049136-00049343 forming superstructures all the way to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00221-00049344-00049462 the horizon
fwzlKC2-FGu-00222-00049463-00049790 now skills that are left much later
fwzlKC2-FGu-00223-00049791-00050046 than these so near the end of inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00224-00050047-00050271 say 20 to 30 ethos only before the end
fwzlKC2-FGu-00225-00050272-00050358 of inflation or
fwzlKC2-FGu-00226-00050359-00050686 all the way to 40 e4 actually enter in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00227-00050687-00050967 previous times in what in astronomy are
fwzlKC2-FGu-00228-00050968-00051151 early universe phenomena but
fwzlKC2-FGu-00229-00051152-00051590 in a cosmology is a in the radiation era
fwzlKC2-FGu-00230-00051591-00051887 after the the end of inflation under the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00231-00051888-00052030 reheating of the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00232-00052032-00052375 these happen at specific times specific
fwzlKC2-FGu-00233-00052376-00052447 times when
fwzlKC2-FGu-00234-00052448-00052638 new phenomena occur in particular when
fwzlKC2-FGu-00235-00052639-00052854 for instance the electrolyte transition
fwzlKC2-FGu-00236-00052855-00053135 or the qcd transition or later on the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00237-00053136-00053254 big bad nuclear synthesis
fwzlKC2-FGu-00238-00053255-00053550 at the formation of the first element so
fwzlKC2-FGu-00239-00053551-00053630 all of these
fwzlKC2-FGu-00240-00053632-00053942 scales are not accessible to direct
fwzlKC2-FGu-00241-00053944-00054119 experimentation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00242-00054120-00054438 with we say say gas clusters with very
fwzlKC2-FGu-00243-00054439-00054615 tiny scales which already have gone
fwzlKC2-FGu-00244-00054616-00054759 through non-linear evolution
fwzlKC2-FGu-00245-00054760-00054966 and therefore we cannot have access to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00246-00054967-00055191 what is what was the fluctuations during
fwzlKC2-FGu-00247-00055191-00055326 inflation that generated destruction on
fwzlKC2-FGu-00248-00055327-00055423 those scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-00249-00055424-00055807 however if and this is a big if
fwzlKC2-FGu-00250-00055808-00056038 there are features in the dynamics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00251-00056039-00056215 during inflation which gives rise to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00252-00056216-00056399 large amplitude fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00253-00056400-00056719 this could give rise to a collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00254-00056720-00056903 of those fluctuations to form black
fwzlKC2-FGu-00255-00056904-00057063 holes that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00256-00057064-00057366 then will give a signature that we can
fwzlKC2-FGu-00257-00057367-00057463 then observe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00258-00057464-00057719 in our universe and i claim that this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00259-00057720-00057823 new
fwzlKC2-FGu-00260-00057824-00058007 scenario what we call the primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-00261-00058008-00058182 black hole scenario
fwzlKC2-FGu-00262-00058183-00058366 could give rise to observable features
fwzlKC2-FGu-00263-00058367-00058591 and therefore by looking what happens
fwzlKC2-FGu-00264-00058591-00058663 today
fwzlKC2-FGu-00265-00058664-00058966 on those scales we can
fwzlKC2-FGu-00266-00058967-00059126 then extrapolate back to the early
fwzlKC2-FGu-00267-00059127-00059342 universe and understand what happened
fwzlKC2-FGu-00268-00059344-00059511 in the early universe that gave rise to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00269-00059512-00059663 these fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00270-00059664-00060023 so we are opening up with a new window
fwzlKC2-FGu-00271-00060024-00060166 into the early universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00272-00060167-00060479 which goes back to the first instances
fwzlKC2-FGu-00273-00060479-00060750 thanks to this new scenario of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00274-00060751-00060887 primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-00275-00060888-00061126 now what are the actual observations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00276-00061127-00061206 that we have
fwzlKC2-FGu-00277-00061207-00061454 and for this we need another two big
fwzlKC2-FGu-00278-00061455-00061575 branches of physics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00279-00061576-00061742 generativity and thermodynamics and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00280-00061744-00061935 understand the origin of gravitational
fwzlKC2-FGu-00281-00061936-00061991 collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00282-00061991-00062230 you're familiar very familiar with the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00283-00062232-00062311 notion
fwzlKC2-FGu-00284-00062312-00062566 of radiation pressure and collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00285-00062567-00062671 because that's the way
fwzlKC2-FGu-00286-00062672-00062959 the stars evolve now so let's imagine
fwzlKC2-FGu-00287-00062960-00063135 that we have a large concentration of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00288-00063136-00063271 matter in a particular
fwzlKC2-FGu-00289-00063272-00063599 point in space and this matter trends to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00290-00063600-00063815 a compressed due to the action of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00291-00063816-00063926 gravity
fwzlKC2-FGu-00292-00063927-00064094 and there are two possibilities either
fwzlKC2-FGu-00293-00064095-00064319 gravity winds or radiation winds if
fwzlKC2-FGu-00294-00064320-00064423 gravity wins
fwzlKC2-FGu-00295-00064424-00064654 there is nothing to oppose from pressure
fwzlKC2-FGu-00296-00064655-00064766 and contraction
fwzlKC2-FGu-00297-00064767-00064975 all the way down to the formation of a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00298-00064976-00065071 black hole this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00299-00065072-00065366 is known since the penrose theorems in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00300-00065367-00065454 the 60s
fwzlKC2-FGu-00301-00065455-00065759 which uh happily have received
fwzlKC2-FGu-00302-00065760-00065950 recognition with the nobel prize a few
fwzlKC2-FGu-00303-00065951-00066063 months ago
fwzlKC2-FGu-00304-00066064-00066263 and this collapse to form black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00305-00066264-00066399 it's an inevitable
fwzlKC2-FGu-00306-00066400-00066575 phenomenon that happens whenever you
fwzlKC2-FGu-00307-00066576-00066711 have fluctuations above a certain
fwzlKC2-FGu-00308-00066712-00066799 threshold
fwzlKC2-FGu-00309-00066800-00066999 so this happens in the in the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00310-00067000-00067215 this is not something which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00311-00067216-00067463 we we can ignore now there is the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00312-00067464-00067671 possibility that radiation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00313-00067672-00067999 as these gas compresses radiation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00314-00068000-00068247 a pressure prevents the total a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00315-00068248-00068415 compression down to a point
fwzlKC2-FGu-00316-00068416-00068663 and there is part of this mass which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00317-00068664-00068815 through this radiation pressure
fwzlKC2-FGu-00318-00068816-00069094 bounces off and produces an explosion
fwzlKC2-FGu-00319-00069095-00069150 this is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00320-00069151-00069431 known as the supernova explosion and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00321-00069432-00069606 through conservation of linear momentum
fwzlKC2-FGu-00322-00069607-00069743 would give rise
fwzlKC2-FGu-00323-00069744-00069943 in the center to the collapse of a black
fwzlKC2-FGu-00324-00069944-00070071 hole so you could have black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00325-00070072-00070135 formed
fwzlKC2-FGu-00326-00070136-00070406 after an explosion where part of the map
fwzlKC2-FGu-00327-00070407-00070494 has been
fwzlKC2-FGu-00328-00070495-00070759 dispersed in supernova explosion or
fwzlKC2-FGu-00329-00070760-00070894 direct collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00330-00070895-00071206 in the early humans now the first line
fwzlKC2-FGu-00331-00071207-00071359 would give rise to this primordial black
fwzlKC2-FGu-00332-00071360-00071503 holes the second line would give
fwzlKC2-FGu-00333-00071504-00071855 us the stellar black hole so if you want
fwzlKC2-FGu-00334-00071856-00072119 in a pictorial way you can follow the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00335-00072120-00072199 collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00336-00072200-00072623 of a supernova by this rapid compression
fwzlKC2-FGu-00337-00072624-00072943 which leaves at the center
fwzlKC2-FGu-00338-00072944-00073247 a rotating gas through conservation of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00339-00073248-00073375 angular momentum
fwzlKC2-FGu-00340-00073376-00073567 a very tiny fracture will generate
fwzlKC2-FGu-00341-00073568-00073735 through the ballerina effect the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00342-00073736-00073911 conservation of the angular momentum
fwzlKC2-FGu-00343-00073912-00074135 an object which is rapidly rotating if
fwzlKC2-FGu-00344-00074136-00074271 it happens to form a black hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-00345-00074272-00074535 this black hole would be naturally very
fwzlKC2-FGu-00346-00074536-00074687 rapidly rotating
fwzlKC2-FGu-00347-00074688-00075031 now on the contrary
fwzlKC2-FGu-00348-00075032-00075335 in the early universe when a fluctuation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00349-00075336-00075631 is sufficiently large that can overcome
fwzlKC2-FGu-00350-00075632-00075855 radiation pressure and radiation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00351-00075856-00075967 pressure comes from
fwzlKC2-FGu-00352-00075968-00076175 the distributive particles that are
fwzlKC2-FGu-00353-00076176-00076287 moving in the plasma
fwzlKC2-FGu-00354-00076288-00076662 at extremely high speeds so this plasma
fwzlKC2-FGu-00355-00076663-00076975 prevents collapse except if the gradient
fwzlKC2-FGu-00356-00076976-00077062 of curvature
fwzlKC2-FGu-00357-00077063-00077375 is so large that not even radiation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00358-00077376-00077567 pressure can prevent collapse and then
fwzlKC2-FGu-00359-00077568-00077823 you form a primordial black hole and for
fwzlKC2-FGu-00360-00077824-00077967 this to happen you need a large
fwzlKC2-FGu-00361-00077968-00078119 amplitude of fluctuations now we know
fwzlKC2-FGu-00362-00078120-00078319 that inflation seeds those fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00363-00078320-00078375 so
fwzlKC2-FGu-00364-00078376-00078647 it's natural to expect that in certain
fwzlKC2-FGu-00365-00078648-00078743 locations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00366-00078744-00078959 very isolated locations in the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00367-00078960-00079103 those few regions which have
fwzlKC2-FGu-00368-00079104-00079319 large curvature fluctuations might
fwzlKC2-FGu-00369-00079320-00079431 collapse and form black holes but
fwzlKC2-FGu-00370-00079432-00079559 there's something very interesting
fwzlKC2-FGu-00371-00079560-00079815 that happens in those since most of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00372-00079816-00079967 mass within the horizon
fwzlKC2-FGu-00373-00079968-00080143 in those primordial holes collapse to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00374-00080144-00080335 form a black hole there's very little
fwzlKC2-FGu-00375-00080336-00080471 compression
fwzlKC2-FGu-00376-00080472-00080694 the size of a black hole the shortest
fwzlKC2-FGu-00377-00080695-00080823 radius of the black hole is that of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00378-00080824-00080999 horizon essentially
fwzlKC2-FGu-00379-00081000-00081294 there's an efficiency factor 401 then
fwzlKC2-FGu-00380-00081295-00081423 there is no a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00381-00081424-00081623 spinning effect the universe is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00382-00081624-00081806 perfectly isotropic at that moment
fwzlKC2-FGu-00383-00081807-00081967 and therefore black holes primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-00384-00081968-00082143 black holes are expected to arise
fwzlKC2-FGu-00385-00082144-00082247 without spin
fwzlKC2-FGu-00386-00082248-00082543 and that's for the same mass same
fwzlKC2-FGu-00387-00082544-00082750 shorter radius that's just
fwzlKC2-FGu-00388-00082751-00082871 radically different from what you would
fwzlKC2-FGu-00389-00082872-00083071 expect from the stellar black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00390-00083072-00083206 this big stellar block holes you have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00391-00083207-00083391 compression of a huge amount of gas
fwzlKC2-FGu-00392-00083392-00083623 down to this very tiny region and by
fwzlKC2-FGu-00393-00083624-00083879 this by conservation of angular momentum
fwzlKC2-FGu-00394-00083880-00084135 and by this reduction in radius means
fwzlKC2-FGu-00395-00084136-00084199 that you have
fwzlKC2-FGu-00396-00084200-00084559 you have imprinted a tremendously large
fwzlKC2-FGu-00397-00084560-00084775 angular momentum or sorry not actually
fwzlKC2-FGu-00398-00084776-00084862 momentum but
fwzlKC2-FGu-00399-00084863-00085135 a angular velocity so the object ends up
fwzlKC2-FGu-00400-00085136-00085167 being
fwzlKC2-FGu-00401-00085168-00085350 rapidly rotating and this is what we
fwzlKC2-FGu-00402-00085351-00085526 observe for instance in bd7
fwzlKC2-FGu-00403-00085527-00085838 pulses compressed objects which are the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00404-00085839-00086182 remnants of supernova explosions with
fwzlKC2-FGu-00405-00086183-00086526 rapidly spinning now how could these
fwzlKC2-FGu-00406-00086527-00086606 arise
fwzlKC2-FGu-00407-00086607-00086911 how does could inflation arise again
fwzlKC2-FGu-00408-00086912-00087191 from in the early universe do we have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00409-00087192-00087294 picture where
fwzlKC2-FGu-00410-00087295-00087567 inflation can be based on the known
fwzlKC2-FGu-00411-00087568-00087711 physics that we have from particle
fwzlKC2-FGu-00412-00087712-00087782 physics and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00413-00087783-00087982 here's where critical higgs inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00414-00087983-00088182 comes to the rescue
fwzlKC2-FGu-00415-00088183-00088526 again this is based on two basic
fwzlKC2-FGu-00416-00088527-00088862 uh pillars of physics quantum mechanics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00417-00088863-00089006 understand the model
fwzlKC2-FGu-00418-00089007-00089191 and there's something very interesting
fwzlKC2-FGu-00419-00089192-00089367 about this thunder model and that is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00420-00089368-00089438 that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00421-00089439-00089750 as we have recently discovered at lhc is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00422-00089751-00089815 that there
fwzlKC2-FGu-00423-00089816-00090031 is a scalar field in the standard model
fwzlKC2-FGu-00424-00090032-00090126 called the higgs
fwzlKC2-FGu-00425-00090127-00090391 the higgs gives rise to the inertia of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00426-00090392-00090582 particles through its coupling to all
fwzlKC2-FGu-00427-00090583-00090735 particle fundamental particles
fwzlKC2-FGu-00428-00090736-00091118 of the universe both bosons and fermions
fwzlKC2-FGu-00429-00091119-00091399 and it has its own potential its own
fwzlKC2-FGu-00430-00091400-00091494 self-coupling
fwzlKC2-FGu-00431-00091495-00091735 according to self-coupling but it may
fwzlKC2-FGu-00432-00091736-00091847 have and this is the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00433-00091848-00092103 issue which was exploded for critical
fwzlKC2-FGu-00434-00092104-00092215 higgs inflation it may have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00435-00092216-00092438 non-minimal coupling to gravity
fwzlKC2-FGu-00436-00092439-00092662 normally we assume that the scalar field
fwzlKC2-FGu-00437-00092663-00092750 that drives
fwzlKC2-FGu-00438-00092751-00093079 a gives inertia the higgs field uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-00439-00093080-00093303 it's in essentially flat space when we
fwzlKC2-FGu-00440-00093304-00093471 do experiments at lec and therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-00441-00093472-00093647 we're not sensitive to this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00442-00093648-00094015 psi coupling that you see here in red
fwzlKC2-FGu-00443-00094016-00094199 but there could be a non-meaningful
fwzlKC2-FGu-00444-00094200-00094391 coupling to gravity it's a dimensionless
fwzlKC2-FGu-00445-00094392-00094447 coupling
fwzlKC2-FGu-00446-00094448-00094703 and just like lambda the self-coupling
fwzlKC2-FGu-00447-00094704-00094750 of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00448-00094751-00095023 of the higgs they both run with scale
fwzlKC2-FGu-00449-00095024-00095079 under
fwzlKC2-FGu-00450-00095080-00095391 session group equations and as well as a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00451-00095392-00095431 the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00452-00095432-00095606 self-coupling of the higgs the cortex of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00453-00095607-00095767 coupling may
fwzlKC2-FGu-00454-00095768-00096062 decrease to zero sorry at some point at
fwzlKC2-FGu-00455-00096063-00096159 high energies
fwzlKC2-FGu-00456-00096160-00096350 because of the actual fundamental
fwzlKC2-FGu-00457-00096351-00096494 couplings of the standard model
fwzlKC2-FGu-00458-00096495-00096694 the same happens with the non-metal
fwzlKC2-FGu-00459-00096695-00096799 coupling to gravity
fwzlKC2-FGu-00460-00096800-00097174 they it has a specific running with skin
fwzlKC2-FGu-00461-00097175-00097487 and we can work out what is the behavior
fwzlKC2-FGu-00462-00097488-00097687 of the early universe in the context of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00463-00097688-00097862 these non-mineral couplings and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00464-00097863-00098082 self-couplings of the higgs
fwzlKC2-FGu-00465-00098083-00098399 again the heads of the standard model
fwzlKC2-FGu-00466-00098400-00098623 now if you go back to the early universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00467-00098624-00098743 and evolve this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00468-00098744-00099079 this gives a dynamical uh energy
fwzlKC2-FGu-00469-00099080-00099447 for the heads which drives inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00470-00099448-00099662 this dynamical energy has the form of an
fwzlKC2-FGu-00471-00099663-00099782 effective potential
fwzlKC2-FGu-00472-00099783-00099967 that has this shape it has a little
fwzlKC2-FGu-00473-00099968-00100159 plateau here and it goes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00474-00100160-00100423 to another plateau at large values of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00475-00100424-00100503 the field
fwzlKC2-FGu-00476-00100504-00100703 those fluctuations that left and we can
fwzlKC2-FGu-00477-00100704-00100862 compute through the evolution of this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00478-00100863-00100943 inflaton
fwzlKC2-FGu-00479-00100944-00101215 sorry you can compute what is the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00480-00101216-00101391 aperture of the fluctuations that left
fwzlKC2-FGu-00481-00101392-00101638 some certain ethos before the end of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00482-00101639-00101767 inflation remember this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00483-00101768-00101991 one-to-one correspondence between a time
fwzlKC2-FGu-00484-00101992-00102079 and scale
fwzlKC2-FGu-00485-00102080-00102238 during inflation now those that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00486-00102239-00102447 correspond to the cmb scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-00487-00102448-00102854 fluctuations that correspond to the cb
fwzlKC2-FGu-00488-00102855-00103094 left 65 evolves before the end and they
fwzlKC2-FGu-00489-00103095-00103182 correspond
fwzlKC2-FGu-00490-00103183-00103486 to this flat plateau so we can
fwzlKC2-FGu-00491-00103488-00103823 look at the consistency of heax
fwzlKC2-FGu-00492-00103824-00103894 inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00493-00103895-00104102 with the cmb fluctuation now it's very
fwzlKC2-FGu-00494-00104103-00104215 interesting because
fwzlKC2-FGu-00495-00104216-00104406 without touching anything about the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00496-00104407-00104623 standard model the actual couplings of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00497-00104624-00104694 the heat to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00498-00104695-00104886 all the particles gives rise to a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00499-00104888-00105134 special feature in its own dynamics
fwzlKC2-FGu-00500-00105135-00105302 which gives us the little plateau this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00501-00105303-00105463 little platform produces
fwzlKC2-FGu-00502-00105464-00105847 a large peak in the fluctuation which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00503-00105848-00106134 has this shape on planting scales it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-00504-00106135-00106278 perfectly consistent with the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00505-00106279-00106439 observations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00506-00106440-00106871 all the way to wave numbers of 400 or so
fwzlKC2-FGu-00507-00106872-00107127 that those that we are probing by like
fwzlKC2-FGu-00508-00107128-00107263 the structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-00509-00107264-00107543 but on smaller scales beyond 10 to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00510-00107544-00107671 8th
fwzlKC2-FGu-00511-00107672-00107871 invest megaparticles so we're talking
fwzlKC2-FGu-00512-00107872-00108071 about scales below a parsec
fwzlKC2-FGu-00513-00108072-00108399 so very deep inside the potential
fwzlKC2-FGu-00514-00108400-00108663 it gives rise to a very high amplitude
fwzlKC2-FGu-00515-00108664-00108758 of fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00516-00108759-00109078 of order 10 to minus 2 in curvature
fwzlKC2-FGu-00517-00109079-00109358 now these fluctuations could give rise
fwzlKC2-FGu-00518-00109359-00109423 to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00519-00109424-00109702 enough a probability of collapse so it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-00520-00109703-00109927 very few domains would collapse to form
fwzlKC2-FGu-00521-00109928-00110023 black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00522-00110024-00110207 now the dynamics that give rise to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00523-00110208-00110334 collapse is that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00524-00110335-00110534 that i was describing before radiation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00525-00110535-00110654 pressure opposing
fwzlKC2-FGu-00526-00110655-00110839 gradients of curvature those gradients
fwzlKC2-FGu-00527-00110840-00110951 of curvature as long as they are
fwzlKC2-FGu-00528-00110952-00111086 sufficiently large
fwzlKC2-FGu-00529-00111088-00111375 will give rise to collapse now these
fwzlKC2-FGu-00530-00111376-00111471 fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00531-00111472-00111710 have a certain distribution and whether
fwzlKC2-FGu-00532-00111711-00111895 the distribution has
fwzlKC2-FGu-00533-00111896-00112151 a specific statistics whether it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-00534-00112152-00112286 gaussian or non-gaussian
fwzlKC2-FGu-00535-00112288-00112431 you will have a higher probability or
fwzlKC2-FGu-00536-00112432-00112599 not of gravitational collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00537-00112600-00112815 so it all depends on the specific
fwzlKC2-FGu-00538-00112816-00113007 dynamics during inflation how
fwzlKC2-FGu-00539-00113008-00113151 quantum fluctuation during inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00540-00113152-00113351 behave to give rise to through back
fwzlKC2-FGu-00541-00113352-00113423 reaction
fwzlKC2-FGu-00542-00113424-00113639 on fluctuations on the special
fwzlKC2-FGu-00543-00113640-00113807 hypersurfaces that later on
fwzlKC2-FGu-00544-00113808-00113990 as they re-enter the horizon produce the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00545-00113991-00114166 collapse to form black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00546-00114167-00114383 so depending on whether the fractions
fwzlKC2-FGu-00547-00114383-00114478 are gaussian
fwzlKC2-FGu-00548-00114479-00114710 or non whether you have high tails in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00549-00114711-00114886 the distribution that is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00550-00114888-00115127 rare events are more probable than in a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00551-00115128-00115239 gaussian
fwzlKC2-FGu-00552-00115240-00115390 then you could have the probability of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00553-00115391-00115686 collapse which comes from the integral
fwzlKC2-FGu-00554-00115688-00115966 over a certain threshold for collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00555-00115967-00116086 all the way to infinity of these
fwzlKC2-FGu-00556-00116088-00116239 distribution functions
fwzlKC2-FGu-00557-00116240-00116439 if these are highly non-gaussian with
fwzlKC2-FGu-00558-00116440-00116631 higher expression tests you could have
fwzlKC2-FGu-00559-00116632-00116783 for instance cash flow statistics and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00560-00116783-00116999 therefore unsuppressed
fwzlKC2-FGu-00561-00117000-00117199 high tails and therefore larger
fwzlKC2-FGu-00562-00117200-00117383 amplitude of collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00563-00117383-00117663 if this happens then we have again a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00564-00117664-00117871 one-to-one correspondence between
fwzlKC2-FGu-00565-00117872-00118102 scale and e4 number of efforts before
fwzlKC2-FGu-00566-00118103-00118286 the inflation therefore between scale
fwzlKC2-FGu-00567-00118288-00118543 and mass of those platforms because all
fwzlKC2-FGu-00568-00118544-00118663 of the mass within the horizon would
fwzlKC2-FGu-00569-00118664-00118727 collapse
fwzlKC2-FGu-00570-00118728-00119015 according to betters and we can evaluate
fwzlKC2-FGu-00571-00119016-00119134 what is the size
fwzlKC2-FGu-00572-00119135-00119439 of the uh horizon of that time and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00573-00119440-00119495 therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-00574-00119496-00119678 what is this the mass within the horizon
fwzlKC2-FGu-00575-00119679-00119831 at that time and then
fwzlKC2-FGu-00576-00119832-00119975 it gives you a correspondence to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00577-00119976-00120190 number of evils so 36 defaults before
fwzlKC2-FGu-00578-00120191-00120351 the uninflation you will produce
fwzlKC2-FGu-00579-00120352-00120678 black holes upon re-entry of the order
fwzlKC2-FGu-00580-00120679-00120958 of 30 solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-00581-00120959-00121207 e4 sorry fluctuations that left less
fwzlKC2-FGu-00582-00121208-00121366 efforts before the inflation would give
fwzlKC2-FGu-00583-00121367-00121534 rise to a smaller black hole fluctuation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00584-00121535-00121566 that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00585-00121567-00121823 left may much later would give rise to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00586-00121824-00121934 larger battles
fwzlKC2-FGu-00587-00121935-00122158 and therefore we have this corresponding
fwzlKC2-FGu-00588-00122159-00122278 between mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00589-00122279-00122647 and scale during inflation moreover
fwzlKC2-FGu-00590-00122648-00122847 how do these fluctuations and why are
fwzlKC2-FGu-00591-00122848-00123031 they non-gaussian and this has to do
fwzlKC2-FGu-00592-00123032-00123151 with a very
fwzlKC2-FGu-00593-00123152-00123351 a detailed behavior of those
fwzlKC2-FGu-00594-00123352-00123575 fluctuations which is quantum mechanical
fwzlKC2-FGu-00595-00123576-00123751 during inflation this has to do with
fwzlKC2-FGu-00596-00123752-00123895 what's called the stochastic data and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00597-00123896-00124071 formalism i won't go into the tins
fwzlKC2-FGu-00598-00124072-00124263 because this is a colloquium
fwzlKC2-FGu-00599-00124264-00124766 like
fwzlKC2-FGu-00600-00124767-00125054 description however let me very briefly
fwzlKC2-FGu-00601-00125055-00125102 uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-00602-00125103-00125390 um describe this in terms of focal plug
fwzlKC2-FGu-00603-00125391-00125623 diffusion equation which gives rise upon
fwzlKC2-FGu-00604-00125624-00125702 solution
fwzlKC2-FGu-00605-00125703-00126039 to high exponential tails
fwzlKC2-FGu-00606-00126040-00126271 of this property of collapse and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00607-00126272-00126366 therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-00608-00126367-00126639 given the dynamics during inflation this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00609-00126640-00126671 uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-00610-00126672-00126854 cross inflection point you would give
fwzlKC2-FGu-00611-00126855-00127078 rise to larger amplitude of fluctuation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00612-00127079-00127310 than expected otherwise
fwzlKC2-FGu-00613-00127311-00127502 certainly much more than expected say in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00614-00127503-00127686 the cmb moreover
fwzlKC2-FGu-00615-00127688-00127910 given that you have very long gaussian
fwzlKC2-FGu-00616-00127911-00128007 fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00617-00128008-00128175 that means that if you ask what is the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00618-00128176-00128366 probability probability that another
fwzlKC2-FGu-00619-00128367-00128534 black hole would collapse at a given
fwzlKC2-FGu-00620-00128535-00128614 distance
fwzlKC2-FGu-00621-00128615-00128831 the correlational function the analogous
fwzlKC2-FGu-00622-00128832-00129014 the corrosion function of galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-00623-00129015-00129190 on logical structure the collagen
fwzlKC2-FGu-00624-00129191-00129327 function of finding another
fwzlKC2-FGu-00625-00129328-00129614 a black hole nearby is modified with
fwzlKC2-FGu-00626-00129615-00129758 respect to a gaussian and therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-00627-00129759-00129934 makes it much more probable that those
fwzlKC2-FGu-00628-00129935-00130007 black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00629-00130008-00130327 are actually forming clusters so they do
fwzlKC2-FGu-00630-00130328-00130447 not form uniformly
fwzlKC2-FGu-00631-00130448-00130678 distributed because of this gaussian
fwzlKC2-FGu-00632-00130679-00130807 non-gaussian diffusion
fwzlKC2-FGu-00633-00130808-00131047 but actually they form forming clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-00634-00131048-00131135 so the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00635-00131136-00131343 actually we could do a and body
fwzlKC2-FGu-00636-00131344-00131439 simulations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00637-00131440-00131711 and follow how those clusters evolve we
fwzlKC2-FGu-00638-00131712-00131847 see that they form
fwzlKC2-FGu-00639-00131848-00132159 a pairs after
fwzlKC2-FGu-00640-00132160-00132390 a recombination error they form pairs
fwzlKC2-FGu-00641-00132391-00132559 which break up because of three body
fwzlKC2-FGu-00642-00132560-00132751 interactions so they are very dense
fwzlKC2-FGu-00643-00132752-00132839 clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-00644-00132840-00133063 here there's a photo of 3000 black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00645-00133064-00133207 in those clusters which is a typical
fwzlKC2-FGu-00646-00133208-00133519 number for for the those simulations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00647-00133520-00133814 and we observe how those pairs form and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00648-00133815-00133935 disrupt
fwzlKC2-FGu-00649-00133936-00134287 moreover we can see
fwzlKC2-FGu-00650-00134288-00134599 we go to the next simulation we can see
fwzlKC2-FGu-00651-00134600-00134814 some cases in which depending on the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00652-00134815-00134951 density of those clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-00653-00134952-00135199 many of it just simply evaporate they
fwzlKC2-FGu-00654-00135200-00135390 they are blown up
fwzlKC2-FGu-00655-00135391-00135631 some of these move up let me go back
fwzlKC2-FGu-00656-00135632-00135887 again to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00657-00135888-00136143 simulation and look at one of these
fwzlKC2-FGu-00658-00136144-00136271 which form a pair
fwzlKC2-FGu-00659-00136272-00136623 and this pair leaves the the cluster
fwzlKC2-FGu-00660-00136624-00136878 so it leaves the cluster in in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00661-00136879-00136975 bounded system
fwzlKC2-FGu-00662-00136976-00137239 so it's no longer affected by the other
fwzlKC2-FGu-00663-00137240-00137423 black holes in the cluster which break
fwzlKC2-FGu-00664-00137424-00137471 up
fwzlKC2-FGu-00665-00137472-00137775 here the their in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00666-00137776-00138095 their to body so these objects
fwzlKC2-FGu-00667-00138096-00138487 are left the the clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-00668-00138488-00138751 forming bibles they're very rare and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00669-00138752-00138847 they're not so many
fwzlKC2-FGu-00670-00138848-00139078 but still there are some and they will
fwzlKC2-FGu-00671-00139079-00139239 play a role as i will describe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00672-00139240-00139375 for the observation of gravitational
fwzlKC2-FGu-00673-00139376-00139623 waves from those pairs
fwzlKC2-FGu-00674-00139624-00139799 so that means that rather than having
fwzlKC2-FGu-00675-00139800-00140031 the usual constraints on primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-00676-00140032-00140143 black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00677-00140144-00140359 that have populated the literature for
fwzlKC2-FGu-00678-00140360-00140559 the last 40 years
fwzlKC2-FGu-00679-00140560-00140766 where essentially there is no single
fwzlKC2-FGu-00680-00140767-00140902 window for those
fwzlKC2-FGu-00681-00140903-00141231 black holes to live a in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00682-00141232-00141463 a having all of them the same mass what
fwzlKC2-FGu-00683-00141464-00141623 is called a monochromatic
fwzlKC2-FGu-00684-00141624-00141902 spectrum now in the case of a primary
fwzlKC2-FGu-00685-00141903-00141959 black hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-00686-00141960-00142254 from inflation in the stochastic quantum
fwzlKC2-FGu-00687-00142255-00142326 diffusion
fwzlKC2-FGu-00688-00142327-00142519 scenario you would expect to have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00689-00142520-00142654 broad mass distribution
fwzlKC2-FGu-00690-00142655-00142831 and a cluster distribution that means
fwzlKC2-FGu-00691-00142832-00143007 that rather than being uniformly
fwzlKC2-FGu-00692-00143008-00143095 distribution
fwzlKC2-FGu-00693-00143096-00143247 these black holes from clusters and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00694-00143248-00143439 therefore in the case for instance of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00695-00143440-00143614 the constraints from microlensing
fwzlKC2-FGu-00696-00143615-00143895 the eros macho and ogle collaborations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00697-00143896-00144054 which would prevent black holes from
fwzlKC2-FGu-00698-00144055-00144326 having say about 10 to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00699-00144327-00144654 say 0.1 solar masses here
fwzlKC2-FGu-00700-00144655-00144951 they are allowed to be there because the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00701-00144952-00145023 amount of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00702-00145024-00145214 a black holes which are in the halos or
fwzlKC2-FGu-00703-00145215-00145343 our galaxy which would be
fwzlKC2-FGu-00704-00145344-00145543 between us and the light of a star would
fwzlKC2-FGu-00705-00145544-00145719 be suppressed because most of them are
fwzlKC2-FGu-00706-00145720-00145919 forming calories of say 10 to 3 10
fwzlKC2-FGu-00707-00145920-00146295 4 10 5 solar masses and therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-00708-00146296-00146511 large fraction of the matter in the halo
fwzlKC2-FGu-00709-00146512-00146687 is forming clusters rather than
fwzlKC2-FGu-00710-00146688-00146966 a uniformly distributed smaller blocks
fwzlKC2-FGu-00711-00146967-00146990 and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00712-00146991-00147271 all of these completely eliminates those
fwzlKC2-FGu-00713-00147272-00147407 constraints and in particular
fwzlKC2-FGu-00714-00147408-00147559 they leave and for the white mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00715-00147560-00147807 distribution they leave a hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-00716-00147808-00148087 around 10 or some solar masses where you
fwzlKC2-FGu-00717-00148088-00148175 one could
fwzlKC2-FGu-00718-00148176-00148990 have a white mass distributed with a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00719-00148991-00149287 different from the uniform and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00720-00149288-00149407 monochromatic distribution
fwzlKC2-FGu-00721-00149408-00149695 so the old picture of micromagnetic
fwzlKC2-FGu-00722-00149696-00149807 uniformly distributed
fwzlKC2-FGu-00723-00149808-00150111 is recognizably completely ruled out
fwzlKC2-FGu-00724-00150112-00150295 actually it has been ruled out for more
fwzlKC2-FGu-00725-00150296-00150454 than a decade
fwzlKC2-FGu-00726-00150455-00150647 it's the broad mass range and a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00727-00150648-00150790 clustered a primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-00728-00150791-00150975 whole scenario which still remains the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00729-00150976-00151199 one that we purposed in 2015.
fwzlKC2-FGu-00730-00151200-00151519 so this scenario is the one that i they
fwzlKC2-FGu-00731-00151520-00151783 insist will give rise to the phenomena
fwzlKC2-FGu-00732-00151784-00151943 that we observe on logical structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-00733-00151944-00152071 as well as the gravitational wave
fwzlKC2-FGu-00734-00152072-00152319 failure but in order to understand
fwzlKC2-FGu-00735-00152320-00152623 what's the actual mass distribution so
fwzlKC2-FGu-00736-00152624-00152871 how are those black holes distributed in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00737-00152872-00152983 mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00738-00152984-00153359 we have to use again the two pillars
fwzlKC2-FGu-00739-00153360-00153583 of physics thermodynamics and particle
fwzlKC2-FGu-00740-00153584-00153766 content of the universe and for this we
fwzlKC2-FGu-00741-00153767-00153854 have to understand
fwzlKC2-FGu-00742-00153855-00154031 the thermal history of the universe how
fwzlKC2-FGu-00743-00154032-00154247 does the number of relativistic degrees
fwzlKC2-FGu-00744-00154248-00154302 of freedom
fwzlKC2-FGu-00745-00154303-00154487 the radiation pressure in the early
fwzlKC2-FGu-00746-00154488-00154623 plasma evolves
fwzlKC2-FGu-00747-00154624-00154831 as the universe cools down when the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00748-00154832-00154975 urine expands
fwzlKC2-FGu-00749-00154976-00155151 certain the temperature of the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00750-00155152-00155351 drops below certain mass thresholds the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00751-00155352-00155495 masses of particles fundamental
fwzlKC2-FGu-00752-00155496-00155559 particles
fwzlKC2-FGu-00753-00155560-00155790 and the heights and like the top quark
fwzlKC2-FGu-00754-00155791-00156007 mass like the w and the c
fwzlKC2-FGu-00755-00156008-00156207 when those mass thresholds are reached
fwzlKC2-FGu-00756-00156208-00156375 and the universe cools down below
fwzlKC2-FGu-00757-00156376-00156583 those particles become more relativistic
fwzlKC2-FGu-00758-00156584-00156726 as we know and therefore the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00759-00156727-00156951 radiation pressure associated with this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00760-00156952-00157031 plasma
fwzlKC2-FGu-00761-00157032-00157295 drops this gives rise to a little
fwzlKC2-FGu-00762-00157296-00157366 decrement
fwzlKC2-FGu-00763-00157367-00157647 in the equation of state of the plasma
fwzlKC2-FGu-00764-00157648-00157726 but the most
fwzlKC2-FGu-00765-00157727-00157919 dramatic decrement in the equation of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00766-00157920-00158047 state comes when
fwzlKC2-FGu-00767-00158048-00158199 quarks are gluons which were
fwzlKC2-FGu-00768-00158200-00158454 relativistic condensed to form
fwzlKC2-FGu-00769-00158455-00158702 haverons and messengers this happens
fwzlKC2-FGu-00770-00158703-00158895 around the qcd transition
fwzlKC2-FGu-00771-00158896-00159078 more or less when the universe had 200
fwzlKC2-FGu-00772-00159079-00159214 mbv or
fwzlKC2-FGu-00773-00159215-00159575 say 10 microseconds old
fwzlKC2-FGu-00774-00159576-00159911 and when this happens the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00775-00159912-00160119 has a tremendous drop in the radiation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00776-00160120-00160295 pressure the equation of state drops to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00777-00160296-00160423 0.2 or so
fwzlKC2-FGu-00778-00160424-00160687 this means that what was previously
fwzlKC2-FGu-00779-00160688-00160823 impossible to form
fwzlKC2-FGu-00780-00160824-00161102 because of radiation pressure is much
fwzlKC2-FGu-00781-00161103-00161214 smaller amplitude
fwzlKC2-FGu-00782-00161215-00161502 now can a collapse to form black hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-00783-00161503-00161599 that means that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00784-00161600-00161863 we have through the successive
fwzlKC2-FGu-00785-00161864-00162063 decrements in the equation of state we
fwzlKC2-FGu-00786-00162064-00162207 have a way
fwzlKC2-FGu-00787-00162208-00162414 and here we have the correspondence to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00788-00162415-00162671 the e plus minus annihilation much later
fwzlKC2-FGu-00789-00162672-00162702 on
fwzlKC2-FGu-00790-00162703-00163031 at say mev scales now when the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-00791-00163032-00163359 was much bigger it had a horizon which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00792-00163360-00163511 comprised a mass of about
fwzlKC2-FGu-00793-00163512-00163807 10.50 solar masses so this gives rise to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00794-00163808-00163911 a massive spectrum
fwzlKC2-FGu-00795-00163912-00164119 that you see here on the right which has
fwzlKC2-FGu-00796-00164120-00164302 a very pronounced peak because of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00797-00164303-00164454 qcd transition
fwzlKC2-FGu-00798-00164455-00164695 at 200 med which corresponds to what i
fwzlKC2-FGu-00799-00164696-00164878 call the proton peak proton anti-proton
fwzlKC2-FGu-00800-00164879-00165047 peak when those
fwzlKC2-FGu-00801-00165048-00165231 particles formed and became
fwzlKC2-FGu-00802-00165232-00165390 non-relativistic as they form
fwzlKC2-FGu-00803-00165391-00165511 immediately in the moment
fwzlKC2-FGu-00804-00165512-00165790 as they form and later on when the pions
fwzlKC2-FGu-00805-00165791-00165911 annihilated
fwzlKC2-FGu-00806-00165912-00166214 what we call the ion plateau
fwzlKC2-FGu-00807-00166215-00166383 and much later on we need plasma miners
fwzlKC2-FGu-00808-00166384-00166535 and regulated to form
fwzlKC2-FGu-00809-00166536-00166735 peaks in the structure in the mass of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00810-00166736-00166871 these primordial black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00811-00166872-00167054 which could be tried to 10 to the minus
fwzlKC2-FGu-00812-00167055-00167175 5 few
fwzlKC2-FGu-00813-00167176-00167431 100 and 10 to the 5 10 to the six solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-00814-00167432-00167575 mass black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00815-00167576-00167887 now this comprise most here is the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00816-00167888-00167966 fraction
fwzlKC2-FGu-00817-00167967-00168302 of the energy density in dark matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-00818-00168303-00168438 made out of primordial black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00819-00168439-00168663 because could comprise essentially
fwzlKC2-FGu-00820-00168664-00168975 all of the dark matter the integral in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00821-00168976-00169038 mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00822-00169039-00169359 over this function gives you one so
fwzlKC2-FGu-00823-00169360-00169671 you could have 70 in the form of a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00824-00169672-00169847 primordial holes of a few solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-00825-00169848-00170054 two solar masses if you wanted a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00826-00170055-00170126 thousand
fwzlKC2-FGu-00827-00170127-00170335 of black holes in the form of ten to six
fwzlKC2-FGu-00828-00170336-00170535 solar masses this could act as seeds for
fwzlKC2-FGu-00829-00170536-00170663 structural information this could act
fwzlKC2-FGu-00830-00170664-00170719 for
fwzlKC2-FGu-00831-00170720-00170943 the first black holes which the accrete
fwzlKC2-FGu-00832-00170944-00171095 gas form a christianity and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00833-00171096-00171311 grow up to become super massive black
fwzlKC2-FGu-00834-00171312-00171454 holes at the centers of galaxies that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00835-00171455-00171535 reaches
fwzlKC2-FGu-00836-00171536-00171766 100 okay much before you would have
fwzlKC2-FGu-00837-00171767-00171926 expected from the usual
fwzlKC2-FGu-00838-00171927-00172078 natural structure evolution which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00839-00172079-00172238 doesn't have enough time to form those
fwzlKC2-FGu-00840-00172239-00172366 black holes so early
fwzlKC2-FGu-00841-00172367-00172519 these you would have seeded this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00842-00172520-00172678 formation of structure by these black
fwzlKC2-FGu-00843-00172679-00172743 holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00844-00172744-00173102 or you could form planetary black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00845-00173103-00173278 maybe those that have been observed by
fwzlKC2-FGu-00846-00173279-00173447 ogle in in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00847-00173448-00173751 andromeda or possibly a planet mine
fwzlKC2-FGu-00848-00173752-00174023 so 10 to minus 5 solar masses neptunian
fwzlKC2-FGu-00849-00174024-00174102 science
fwzlKC2-FGu-00850-00174103-00174431 uh planetary size black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-00851-00174432-00174719 which could affect the orbits of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00852-00174720-00174863 transcendental
fwzlKC2-FGu-00853-00174864-00175175 objects now i will concentrate on this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00854-00175176-00175390 which is where most of the dark matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-00855-00175391-00175559 would be in this scenario
fwzlKC2-FGu-00856-00175560-00175814 and surprisingly it has a mass which is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00857-00175815-00175919 similar to that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00858-00175920-00176247 of the sun how come well this is very
fwzlKC2-FGu-00859-00176248-00176399 interesting in the case of the sun we
fwzlKC2-FGu-00860-00176400-00176566 know that stars have
fwzlKC2-FGu-00861-00176567-00176887 that kind of masses because of a power
fwzlKC2-FGu-00862-00176888-00177087 exclusion prison they cannot be smaller
fwzlKC2-FGu-00863-00177088-00177399 because a neutron electron degeneracy
fwzlKC2-FGu-00864-00177400-00177519 prevents
fwzlKC2-FGu-00865-00177520-00177799 the compression beyond the there is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00866-00177800-00177926 degeneracy pressure
fwzlKC2-FGu-00867-00177927-00178159 due to the polysolution principle and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00868-00178160-00178278 you cannot compress
fwzlKC2-FGu-00869-00178279-00178575 a mass beyond that skin and therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-00870-00178576-00178607 you
fwzlKC2-FGu-00871-00178608-00178854 you can have at most typically a solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-00872-00178855-00179031 mass object which would go through the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00873-00179032-00179190 monoclonal reactions and remain
fwzlKC2-FGu-00874-00179191-00179447 stable for hundreds or even thousands of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00875-00179448-00179607 millions of years
fwzlKC2-FGu-00876-00179608-00179854 now a similar mass comes remember the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00877-00179855-00179990 chandrasekhar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00878-00179991-00180175 is the ratio of two phenomenal scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-00879-00180176-00180311 the plot mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00880-00180312-00180559 uh that minus five grams cube over the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00881-00180560-00180638 proton mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00882-00180639-00180926 square this gives you the solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00883-00180927-00181031 same happens
fwzlKC2-FGu-00884-00181032-00181311 but for completely different reasons for
fwzlKC2-FGu-00885-00181312-00181454 because of causality
fwzlKC2-FGu-00886-00181455-00181751 at the qcd scale or around the proton
fwzlKC2-FGu-00887-00181752-00181847 mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00888-00181848-00182047 because this tells you what is the mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00889-00182048-00182151 within the horizon
fwzlKC2-FGu-00890-00182152-00182438 so again here the mass of the within the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00891-00182439-00182575 horizon given that the density of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00892-00182576-00182663 radiation
fwzlKC2-FGu-00893-00182664-00182911 at the time times the volume of that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00894-00182912-00183023 horizon
fwzlKC2-FGu-00895-00183024-00183207 the distance of the horizon cube which
fwzlKC2-FGu-00896-00183208-00183526 goes again depends obviously on the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00897-00183527-00183678 newton's course and therefore the black
fwzlKC2-FGu-00898-00183679-00183878 mass and it gets goes a black cube
fwzlKC2-FGu-00899-00183879-00184231 over the uh qcd scale of the protomaster
fwzlKC2-FGu-00900-00184232-00184271 square
fwzlKC2-FGu-00901-00184272-00184454 and this gives you not surprisingly
fwzlKC2-FGu-00902-00184455-00184671 match which is similar to that of stars
fwzlKC2-FGu-00903-00184672-00184823 so it's not surprising that promotable
fwzlKC2-FGu-00904-00184824-00185119 holds and stars have similar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-00905-00185120-00185295 there's a fundamental physics behind
fwzlKC2-FGu-00906-00185296-00185526 it's a cubic
fwzlKC2-FGu-00907-00185527-00185823 power of the planck mass over the proton
fwzlKC2-FGu-00908-00185824-00185919 mass square
fwzlKC2-FGu-00909-00185920-00186063 now how does this affect galaxy
fwzlKC2-FGu-00910-00186064-00186247 formation as i was describing
fwzlKC2-FGu-00911-00186248-00186535 those initial seeds would create the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00912-00186536-00186607 necessary
fwzlKC2-FGu-00913-00186608-00186847 initial conditions for structure to form
fwzlKC2-FGu-00914-00186848-00186926 in fact
fwzlKC2-FGu-00915-00186927-00187119 if those clusters have typically tend to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00916-00187120-00187295 threaten four solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-00917-00187296-00187454 they will form the building blocks over
fwzlKC2-FGu-00918-00187455-00187678 which you start forming all those halos
fwzlKC2-FGu-00919-00187679-00187831 of galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-00920-00187832-00188031 obviously the head of our galaxy is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00921-00188032-00188214 formed out of many of these
fwzlKC2-FGu-00922-00188215-00188478 clusters so we're talking about millions
fwzlKC2-FGu-00923-00188479-00188631 or hundreds of millions of these
fwzlKC2-FGu-00924-00188632-00188838 clusters all the way to 10 to 12 solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-00925-00188839-00188919 masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-00926-00188920-00189166 and these this means that we are in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00927-00189167-00189278 fluid regime
fwzlKC2-FGu-00928-00189279-00189438 of the head of our galaxy so we're not
fwzlKC2-FGu-00929-00189439-00189583 looking at the corpuscle
fwzlKC2-FGu-00930-00189584-00189823 a character of these halos we've never
fwzlKC2-FGu-00931-00189824-00189959 reached ten to the three solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-00932-00189960-00190143 it's in body simulations as you all know
fwzlKC2-FGu-00933-00190144-00190311 typically we reach 10 to the nine solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-00934-00190312-00190471 masses and cosmological simulations
fwzlKC2-FGu-00935-00190472-00190590 and if you have hydrodynamic and
fwzlKC2-FGu-00936-00190591-00190735 simulation you can go down even to ten
fwzlKC2-FGu-00937-00190736-00190926 to six or so but we never reach that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00938-00190927-00191135 three which is the computer nature of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00939-00191136-00191343 these uh promotable whole clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-00940-00191344-00191614 so in that sense there is no difference
fwzlKC2-FGu-00941-00191615-00191687 in
fwzlKC2-FGu-00942-00191688-00191854 cold dark matter in respect to
fwzlKC2-FGu-00943-00191855-00192054 primordial whole dark matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-00944-00192055-00192359 they are collisionless they are a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00945-00192360-00192526 cold obviously they don't interact with
fwzlKC2-FGu-00946-00192527-00192719 each other and they behave exactly
fwzlKC2-FGu-00947-00192720-00192902 on large scales like a color matter it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-00948-00192903-00193071 only on small scales this is the small
fwzlKC2-FGu-00949-00193072-00193278 scale logical structure which are we are
fwzlKC2-FGu-00950-00193279-00193399 beginning to test
fwzlKC2-FGu-00951-00193400-00193647 with uh galaxy surveys like the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00952-00193648-00193775 dartmouth survey in the future with
fwzlKC2-FGu-00953-00193776-00193838 euclid
fwzlKC2-FGu-00954-00193839-00194054 and with the lsst those smart skill
fwzlKC2-FGu-00955-00194055-00194238 structures and with a gravitational
fwzlKC2-FGu-00956-00194239-00194295 lensing
fwzlKC2-FGu-00957-00194296-00194647 of course should begin to be observed
fwzlKC2-FGu-00958-00194648-00194950 if this scenario is correct so that that
fwzlKC2-FGu-00959-00194951-00195038 is a prediction
fwzlKC2-FGu-00960-00195039-00195319 for from this scenario okay so all your
fwzlKC2-FGu-00961-00195320-00195487 small scales as i said we should see
fwzlKC2-FGu-00962-00195488-00195575 differences
fwzlKC2-FGu-00963-00195576-00195926 but remember that a v scenario is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00964-00195927-00196159 is very different on small scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-00965-00196160-00196287 because
fwzlKC2-FGu-00966-00196288-00196495 let me make this analogy which in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00967-00196496-00196623 colloquium-like
fwzlKC2-FGu-00968-00196624-00196863 style is is more appropriate here
fwzlKC2-FGu-00969-00196864-00196999 imagine the particle dark matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-00970-00197000-00197175 scenario which is analogous to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00971-00197176-00197350 function model of the atom
fwzlKC2-FGu-00972-00197351-00197535 like being uniformly distributed in a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00973-00197536-00197766 given volume where you have stars
fwzlKC2-FGu-00974-00197767-00197895 in the hail of our galaxy which are
fwzlKC2-FGu-00975-00197896-00198183 moving within this a halo of particles
fwzlKC2-FGu-00976-00198184-00198359 if if the dark matter is made out of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00977-00198360-00198559 particles obviously
fwzlKC2-FGu-00978-00198560-00198750 the motion of the source is insensitive
fwzlKC2-FGu-00979-00198751-00198919 to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00980-00198920-00199238 existence of these uh particles only a
fwzlKC2-FGu-00981-00199239-00199478 very large code you see rotation curves
fwzlKC2-FGu-00982-00199479-00199750 but locally all those stars are only
fwzlKC2-FGu-00983-00199751-00199919 moving because they see the potential
fwzlKC2-FGu-00984-00199920-00200111 induced by the other stars in their
fwzlKC2-FGu-00985-00200112-00200231 neighborhood
fwzlKC2-FGu-00986-00200232-00200454 they don't see the part now in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-00987-00200455-00200566 rutherford model
fwzlKC2-FGu-00988-00200567-00200735 for most of the stars this is exactly
fwzlKC2-FGu-00989-00200736-00200911 the same you don't see
fwzlKC2-FGu-00990-00200912-00201166 the behavior the distribution of mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-00991-00201167-00201311 rather than being uniform distributed is
fwzlKC2-FGu-00992-00201312-00201383 concentrated
fwzlKC2-FGu-00993-00201384-00201607 on a compact object right at the center
fwzlKC2-FGu-00994-00201608-00201726 of this volume
fwzlKC2-FGu-00995-00201727-00201863 and this is where the primordial black
fwzlKC2-FGu-00996-00201864-00202087 hole lies and therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-00997-00202088-00202343 when a most of the stars around in this
fwzlKC2-FGu-00998-00202344-00202471 volume we don't feel the presence of
fwzlKC2-FGu-00999-00202472-00202663 this black hole except for a few
fwzlKC2-FGu-01000-00202664-00202902 stars which have very close encounters
fwzlKC2-FGu-01001-00202903-00203126 with the primordial whole and may change
fwzlKC2-FGu-01002-00203127-00203311 its linear momentum maybe it's linked
fwzlKC2-FGu-01003-00203312-00203487 shot away through interactions with this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01004-00203488-00203638 primordial hook very similar to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01005-00203639-00203838 alpha particles in the rather model
fwzlKC2-FGu-01006-00203839-00204023 so if you have a compact object you may
fwzlKC2-FGu-01007-00204024-00204159 have very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01008-00204160-00204366 rapid exchange or strong exchange of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01009-00204367-00204487 linear momentum
fwzlKC2-FGu-01010-00204488-00204750 and have a slingshot so those stars may
fwzlKC2-FGu-01011-00204751-00204838 be thrown out
fwzlKC2-FGu-01012-00204839-00205166 of the halo and if these halos are a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01013-00205167-00205558 shallow for instance in very ultra
fwzlKC2-FGu-01014-00205559-00205798 faint dwarf galaxies the potential will
fwzlKC2-FGu-01015-00205800-00205894 is very shallow
fwzlKC2-FGu-01016-00205896-00206079 and you have very little mass those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01017-00206080-00206238 stars are moving in this potential
fwzlKC2-FGu-01018-00206239-00206286 wealth
fwzlKC2-FGu-01019-00206287-00206534 if the dark matter in their scalers and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01020-00206535-00206719 remember dwarfish feroidals have very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01021-00206719-00206894 large mass divide ratios so you have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01022-00206896-00207158 huge amount of a dark matter with
fwzlKC2-FGu-01023-00207159-00207319 compared to stars maybe a factor of a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01024-00207319-00207423 thousand even
fwzlKC2-FGu-01025-00207423-00207655 those stars would be moving in a dense
fwzlKC2-FGu-01026-00207656-00207846 halo of black holes and therefore it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-01027-00207848-00207998 very probable that one of their stars
fwzlKC2-FGu-01028-00208000-00208086 would be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01029-00208087-00208366 thrown out of these inhalers they would
fwzlKC2-FGu-01030-00208367-00208438 this mature
fwzlKC2-FGu-01031-00208439-00208631 if you want the velocities induced
fwzlKC2-FGu-01032-00208632-00208798 velocities through the interaction are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01033-00208800-00208958 larger than the scale velocity and they
fwzlKC2-FGu-01034-00208959-00209014 leave
fwzlKC2-FGu-01035-00209015-00209279 the the hail of the dwarf and maybe this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01036-00209280-00209431 is the reason why they became
fwzlKC2-FGu-01037-00209432-00209767 faint maybe they lost stars a search for
fwzlKC2-FGu-01038-00209767-00209910 happy velocity stars
fwzlKC2-FGu-01039-00209911-00210182 in the hill of our galaxy coming from a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01040-00210183-00210310 sagittarius
fwzlKC2-FGu-01041-00210311-00210598 we published recently could give er
fwzlKC2-FGu-01042-00210600-00210631 could
fwzlKC2-FGu-01043-00210632-00210855 could be the reason behind those other
fwzlKC2-FGu-01044-00210856-00210951 velocity stars
fwzlKC2-FGu-01045-00210952-00211215 seen in the gaia catalogues but that's a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01046-00211216-00211319 matter of a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01047-00211319-00211542 discussion if you want for after the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01048-00211544-00211687 ecology
fwzlKC2-FGu-01049-00211688-00211951 moreover if those black holes are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01050-00211952-00212110 actually seeds for structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-01051-00212111-00212391 and we know that there is a very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01052-00212392-00212575 interesting relationship between
fwzlKC2-FGu-01053-00212576-00212903 the typical velocity of expression
fwzlKC2-FGu-01054-00212904-00213231 motion of a stars in the inner parts
fwzlKC2-FGu-01055-00213232-00213558 of any object of all masses on
fwzlKC2-FGu-01056-00213559-00213903 all halos all the way from dwarfs
fwzlKC2-FGu-01057-00213904-00214263 all the way to a huge super galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-01058-00214264-00214582 at a higher retrieve which whose black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01059-00214583-00214646 holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01060-00214648-00214879 at the sentence have been measured you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01061-00214880-00215079 see that there is a relationship between
fwzlKC2-FGu-01062-00215080-00215246 the mass of the black hole at the center
fwzlKC2-FGu-01063-00215248-00215382 of all galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-01064-00215383-00215687 and the typical velocity of the gas in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01065-00215688-00215887 the bulge of those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01066-00215888-00216127 of those galaxies now it's interesting
fwzlKC2-FGu-01067-00216128-00216191 because
fwzlKC2-FGu-01068-00216192-00216503 uh our claim is that these are populated
fwzlKC2-FGu-01069-00216504-00216567 because
fwzlKC2-FGu-01070-00216567-00216687 primordial black holes were at the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01071-00216688-00216927 center and started to a grow by
fwzlKC2-FGu-01072-00216928-00217239 accretion of the gas and therefore they
fwzlKC2-FGu-01073-00217240-00217423 created all the way to supermassive
fwzlKC2-FGu-01074-00217423-00217567 black holes but it's not just
fwzlKC2-FGu-01075-00217567-00217663 supermassive
fwzlKC2-FGu-01076-00217664-00217975 it's all the way to very small scale so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01077-00217976-00218167 these lines that you see here in purple
fwzlKC2-FGu-01078-00218167-00218334 and blue is the prediction from our
fwzlKC2-FGu-01079-00218335-00218406 model
fwzlKC2-FGu-01080-00218407-00218734 we see that we can explain the otherwise
fwzlKC2-FGu-01081-00218735-00218958 unexpected correlation between the mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01082-00218959-00219094 of the black hole at the center of those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01083-00219096-00219158 galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-01084-00219159-00219375 and the mass in the estherol the inner
fwzlKC2-FGu-01085-00219376-00219519 part
fwzlKC2-FGu-01086-00219519-00219798 and we can evaluate these through the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01087-00219800-00219927 halo mass function
fwzlKC2-FGu-01088-00219928-00220223 and compare with the actual observations
fwzlKC2-FGu-01089-00220223-00220423 and we see that except for large scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-01090-00220423-00220615 where this would grow through a cushion
fwzlKC2-FGu-01091-00220616-00220782 and we did not include this in this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01092-00220783-00220855 curve
fwzlKC2-FGu-01093-00220856-00221103 through accretion you could explain the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01094-00221104-00221310 the actual relation between the mass and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01095-00221311-00221471 of the black hole center and the mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01096-00221471-00221679 of the galaxy and the inner part of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01097-00221680-00221775 count
fwzlKC2-FGu-01098-00221776-00222031 moreover we have microlensing events and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01099-00222032-00222206 you're all familiar with microlensing i
fwzlKC2-FGu-01100-00222207-00222255 will go
fwzlKC2-FGu-01101-00222256-00222446 slightly faster here otherwise i won't
fwzlKC2-FGu-01102-00222448-00222615 finish on time
fwzlKC2-FGu-01103-00222616-00222767 it depends very much on the mass of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01104-00222767-00222942 deflector but it depends also on the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01105-00222944-00223015 distance
fwzlKC2-FGu-01106-00223016-00223182 of the object typical distance of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01107-00223183-00223342 deflector for objects
fwzlKC2-FGu-01108-00223344-00223671 so stars that are in the lmc is a few
fwzlKC2-FGu-01109-00223671-00223815 tenths of kilobases
fwzlKC2-FGu-01110-00223816-00224167 but uh luckily recent
fwzlKC2-FGu-01111-00224167-00224382 detections as i would describe a have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01112-00224383-00224623 measured nearby object nearby
fwzlKC2-FGu-01113-00224623-00224942 lancers so remember that the item ring
fwzlKC2-FGu-01114-00224944-00225031 depends on both
fwzlKC2-FGu-01115-00225032-00225167 the the mass of the deflector and the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01116-00225167-00225342 distance of the object and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01117-00225344-00225646 for a typical message of say 100 in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01118-00225648-00225798 solar masses you need
fwzlKC2-FGu-01119-00225800-00226119 a average half crossing
fwzlKC2-FGu-01120-00226119-00226351 of several years therefore you need very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01121-00226352-00226582 long surveys of microlensing
fwzlKC2-FGu-01122-00226583-00226806 events which have not been taken care of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01123-00226807-00226958 taking
fwzlKC2-FGu-01124-00226959-00227310 at least yet they are going through very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01125-00227311-00227479 long duration micro instant service at
fwzlKC2-FGu-01126-00227480-00227575 the moment
fwzlKC2-FGu-01127-00227576-00227751 but typically those that have put most
fwzlKC2-FGu-01128-00227752-00227879 of the constraints
fwzlKC2-FGu-01129-00227880-00228134 were cut off around a few solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01130-00228135-00228310 up to 10 solar masses because of this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01131-00228311-00228431 inability to follow
fwzlKC2-FGu-01132-00228432-00228775 very long-duration events now recently
fwzlKC2-FGu-01133-00228776-00228967 which has been monitoring the light of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01134-00228967-00229119 stars in the bulge
fwzlKC2-FGu-01135-00229119-00229375 in particular in certain directions
fwzlKC2-FGu-01136-00229376-00229431 where there are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01137-00229432-00229679 plenty of stars millions of stars in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01138-00229680-00229823 this in this direction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01139-00229823-00230031 where they could follow for long enough
fwzlKC2-FGu-01140-00230032-00230151 that they would
fwzlKC2-FGu-01141-00230152-00230463 uh span several years and of course
fwzlKC2-FGu-01142-00230464-00230646 through several years the motion of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01143-00230648-00230975 earth around the sun would induce a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01144-00230976-00231231 parallax effect on the amplification of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01145-00231232-00231303 the light
fwzlKC2-FGu-01146-00231304-00231534 of the star at a distance of a few
fwzlKC2-FGu-01147-00231535-00231631 kilopascals
fwzlKC2-FGu-01148-00231632-00231806 so what you observe is the usual
fwzlKC2-FGu-01149-00231807-00232015 batistic curve of the amplification of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01150-00232016-00232055 light
fwzlKC2-FGu-01151-00232056-00232327 due to a microlensing event modulated
fwzlKC2-FGu-01152-00232328-00232479 with the motion of the earth around the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01153-00232480-00232534 sun
fwzlKC2-FGu-01154-00232535-00232775 these oscillations happen every time you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01155-00232776-00233063 go through from june to december again
fwzlKC2-FGu-01156-00233064-00233231 because of this motion of the earth
fwzlKC2-FGu-01157-00233232-00233375 around the sun
fwzlKC2-FGu-01158-00233376-00233631 with respect to the direction of of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01159-00233632-00233687 star
fwzlKC2-FGu-01160-00233688-00233831 and this modulation breaks the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01161-00233832-00233998 degeneracy between mass and distance
fwzlKC2-FGu-01162-00234000-00234198 that means that we can now determine
fwzlKC2-FGu-01163-00234200-00234342 what is the mass of the deflector
fwzlKC2-FGu-01164-00234344-00234575 and this is how a vesikovsky and company
fwzlKC2-FGu-01165-00234576-00234767 from the old collaboration 2016
fwzlKC2-FGu-01166-00234767-00234934 determined that there were objects of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01167-00234935-00235142 order tenths of solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01168-00235144-00235423 in the halo of our galaxy moreover by
fwzlKC2-FGu-01169-00235423-00235494 using
fwzlKC2-FGu-01170-00235496-00235694 gaia together with iliamanda they were
fwzlKC2-FGu-01171-00235696-00235871 able to determine the distribution of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01172-00235871-00235975 masses and they found
fwzlKC2-FGu-01173-00235976-00236191 interestingly enough that not only were
fwzlKC2-FGu-01174-00236192-00236406 there non-trivial
fwzlKC2-FGu-01175-00236407-00236791 a large mass objects but they were also
fwzlKC2-FGu-01176-00236792-00236863 black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01177-00236864-00237134 which they they were remember from this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01178-00237135-00237215 uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-01179-00237216-00237503 graph they were seen at relatively uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-01180-00237504-00237734 short distances few kilopascals
fwzlKC2-FGu-01181-00237735-00237975 with a resolution of gaia of magnitude
fwzlKC2-FGu-01182-00237976-00238063 18
fwzlKC2-FGu-01183-00238064-00238294 an object that a few kiloparsecs could
fwzlKC2-FGu-01184-00238296-00238455 be seen
fwzlKC2-FGu-01185-00238456-00238782 er if it were a star so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01186-00238783-00238958 a stars of a few solar masses at the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01187-00238959-00239127 destination could not be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01188-00239128-00239319 undetected by gaia which has magnitude
fwzlKC2-FGu-01189-00239319-00239439 18 sensitivity
fwzlKC2-FGu-01190-00239440-00239758 and therefore they are very dark objects
fwzlKC2-FGu-01191-00239759-00239903 the most natural explanation that they
fwzlKC2-FGu-01192-00239904-00240119 are black holes now even
fwzlKC2-FGu-01193-00240119-00240375 for very small mass black holes you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01194-00240376-00240479 would have seen
fwzlKC2-FGu-01195-00240480-00240734 with gaia with that magnitude limit you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01196-00240735-00240815 would have seen those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01197-00240816-00241063 objects and therefore it's natural to to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01198-00241064-00241239 see that the distribution
fwzlKC2-FGu-01199-00241240-00241567 of masses of black holes around the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01200-00241567-00241671 solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01201-00241671-00241951 which have among others between two and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01202-00241952-00242167 five solar masses there's a very clear
fwzlKC2-FGu-01203-00242167-00242510 peak of mass gap i will go into mascot
fwzlKC2-FGu-01204-00242511-00242758 um black holes in a minute but not only
fwzlKC2-FGu-01205-00242759-00242975 this but also being all solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01206-00242976-00243246 black holes whether these are primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-01207-00243248-00243358 holes or not is still
fwzlKC2-FGu-01208-00243359-00243510 under question we have not seen them
fwzlKC2-FGu-01209-00243511-00243719 with cartesian waves let's let's see
fwzlKC2-FGu-01210-00243719-00243951 what is the next step and the next step
fwzlKC2-FGu-01211-00243952-00244127 is to compare
fwzlKC2-FGu-01212-00244128-00244423 those distribution in mass with our
fwzlKC2-FGu-01213-00244423-00244527 prediction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01214-00244528-00244839 from the early universe from the proton
fwzlKC2-FGu-01215-00244840-00244887 peak
fwzlKC2-FGu-01216-00244888-00245119 and the pi and plateau you see we
fwzlKC2-FGu-01217-00245119-00245327 predict that there is a certain fraction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01218-00245328-00245630 of the mass in the halo which should be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01219-00245631-00245894 in black holes of around the solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01220-00245896-00246023 and indeed this is where
fwzlKC2-FGu-01221-00246023-00246334 most of these uh observations from ogle
fwzlKC2-FGu-01222-00246335-00246679 and gaia are but the clear
fwzlKC2-FGu-01223-00246680-00246927 cut would come from gratitude signatures
fwzlKC2-FGu-01224-00246928-00247110 because it's the cleanest way to measure
fwzlKC2-FGu-01225-00247111-00247294 the mass of a black hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-01226-00247296-00247479 thanks to the fact that we can follow
fwzlKC2-FGu-01227-00247480-00247751 the in-spiral all the way to the end
fwzlKC2-FGu-01228-00247752-00247958 and to the innermost stable circular
fwzlKC2-FGu-01229-00247959-00248119 orbit and determine the mass of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01230-00248119-00248310 component with high fidelity
fwzlKC2-FGu-01231-00248311-00248615 or below 10 in some cases
fwzlKC2-FGu-01232-00248616-00248942 we can tell whether these black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01233-00248944-00249127 what is the distribution the precise
fwzlKC2-FGu-01234-00249128-00249282 distribution of masses of these black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01235-00249283-00249527 holes now it's important here that there
fwzlKC2-FGu-01236-00249528-00249582 are two
fwzlKC2-FGu-01237-00249583-00249879 ways to limits on our sensitivity from
fwzlKC2-FGu-01238-00249880-00249982 lag and virgo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01239-00249983-00250342 one has to do with a seismic wall below
fwzlKC2-FGu-01240-00250344-00250727 say 20 hertz which we are prevented from
fwzlKC2-FGu-01241-00250728-00250982 going below simply this would create
fwzlKC2-FGu-01242-00250983-00251158 vibrations in the mirror which would
fwzlKC2-FGu-01243-00251159-00251271 prevent you from
fwzlKC2-FGu-01244-00251271-00251471 being sensitive to very massive black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01245-00251471-00251615 holes remember this goes like one over
fwzlKC2-FGu-01246-00251616-00251727 the mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01247-00251728-00252006 so if we have say a hundred solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01248-00252007-00252142 black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01249-00252144-00252375 or or 200 solar mass black holes this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01250-00252376-00252487 would give you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01251-00252488-00252806 a values which are so the final fiscal
fwzlKC2-FGu-01252-00252807-00252879 frequency
fwzlKC2-FGu-01253-00252880-00253071 which are below 20 hertz and therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-01254-00253071-00253215 undetected by ligo variable
fwzlKC2-FGu-01255-00253216-00253503 and moreover if they're very light again
fwzlKC2-FGu-01256-00253504-00253639 you would have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01257-00253640-00253991 here masses which a few solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01258-00253992-00254334 which would enter the final innermost
fwzlKC2-FGu-01259-00254335-00254567 stable shipping of it which enter into
fwzlKC2-FGu-01260-00254567-00254694 the realm where
fwzlKC2-FGu-01261-00254696-00254919 the laser power hitting the mirror would
fwzlKC2-FGu-01262-00254919-00255079 make it vibrate this is called the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01263-00255080-00255206 quantum shot noise
fwzlKC2-FGu-01264-00255207-00255430 individual photos hitting the mirror
fwzlKC2-FGu-01265-00255431-00255558 makes it vibrate above
fwzlKC2-FGu-01266-00255559-00255782 kilohertz and there that means that we
fwzlKC2-FGu-01267-00255783-00255919 cannot see
fwzlKC2-FGu-01268-00255919-00256191 a events which come from the coalescence
fwzlKC2-FGu-01269-00256192-00256223 of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01270-00256223-00256439 below solar mass black holes okay they
fwzlKC2-FGu-01271-00256440-00256582 are deep inside
fwzlKC2-FGu-01272-00256583-00256910 the the noise so we have this range
fwzlKC2-FGu-01273-00256911-00257046 between one and two hundred
fwzlKC2-FGu-01274-00257048-00257358 solar masses now fortunately the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01275-00257359-00257519 leica vargas detectors have been
fwzlKC2-FGu-01276-00257519-00257687 detecting in the last
fwzlKC2-FGu-01277-00257688-00258063 few years for a hundred
fwzlKC2-FGu-01278-00258064-00258527 of these events 50 of which have been
fwzlKC2-FGu-01279-00258528-00258806 published out of these 50 events each
fwzlKC2-FGu-01280-00258807-00258846 one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01281-00258848-00258975 is a binary therefore we're talking
fwzlKC2-FGu-01282-00258976-00259198 about two black holes per event so we
fwzlKC2-FGu-01283-00259200-00259246 have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01284-00259248-00259542 of the order of 100 black holes and it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-01285-00259544-00259694 interesting that all those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01286-00259696-00259958 black holes lie in a range of masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01287-00259959-00260030 between
fwzlKC2-FGu-01288-00260031-00260334 10 and 160 solar masses and this is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01289-00260335-00260694 quite amazing so we're probing masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01290-00260696-00260734 which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01291-00260735-00261015 were much beyond those expected from the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01292-00261016-00261071 usual
fwzlKC2-FGu-01293-00261071-00261198 stellar black holes produced from
fwzlKC2-FGu-01294-00261200-00261375 supernova explosions which have been
fwzlKC2-FGu-01295-00261376-00261551 observed through x-rays
fwzlKC2-FGu-01296-00261552-00261791 and what we call here here or ligo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01297-00261792-00261919 called here the electromagnetic black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01298-00261919-00261958 holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01299-00261959-00262175 those that lie between five and twenty
fwzlKC2-FGu-01300-00262176-00262295 solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01301-00262296-00262623 these are significantly above moreover
fwzlKC2-FGu-01302-00262624-00262967 there is a region between two and five
fwzlKC2-FGu-01303-00262968-00263095 which were not expected
fwzlKC2-FGu-01304-00263096-00263319 these were some prejudice perhaps there
fwzlKC2-FGu-01305-00263320-00263463 is no fundamental reason
fwzlKC2-FGu-01306-00263464-00263606 why there shouldn't be black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01307-00263607-00263791 between two and five now
fwzlKC2-FGu-01308-00263792-00263967 ligo has definitely like over has
fwzlKC2-FGu-01309-00263968-00264127 definitely observed objects
fwzlKC2-FGu-01310-00264128-00264303 which have black holes which have face
fwzlKC2-FGu-01311-00264304-00264455 mass but there is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01312-00264456-00264751 a region between 50 and 100 20 130 solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-01313-00264752-00264871 mass which was
fwzlKC2-FGu-01314-00264872-00265103 very well established should not contain
fwzlKC2-FGu-01315-00265104-00265247 black holes those black holes should not
fwzlKC2-FGu-01316-00265248-00265319 be there
fwzlKC2-FGu-01317-00265320-00265447 and they haven't been observed by lag
fwzlKC2-FGu-01318-00265448-00265639 over this have to do with what's called
fwzlKC2-FGu-01319-00265640-00265743 pair instability
fwzlKC2-FGu-01320-00265744-00265967 supernovae certain evolutionary stages
fwzlKC2-FGu-01321-00265968-00266127 of very massive
fwzlKC2-FGu-01322-00266128-00266479 stars which they call as they compress
fwzlKC2-FGu-01323-00266480-00266599 they start producing
fwzlKC2-FGu-01324-00266600-00266782 and they have energy above the threshold
fwzlKC2-FGu-01325-00266783-00266991 of producing electrons and positrons
fwzlKC2-FGu-01326-00266992-00267319 and these do not provide sufficient
fwzlKC2-FGu-01327-00267320-00267375 pressure
fwzlKC2-FGu-01328-00267376-00267582 they take away photons from it so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01329-00267583-00267751 fortune's converting to plus and minus
fwzlKC2-FGu-01330-00267752-00267927 and this means that radiation pressure
fwzlKC2-FGu-01331-00267928-00268134 decreases more compression happens
fwzlKC2-FGu-01332-00268135-00268295 and this is a runaway process which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01333-00268296-00268455 obliterates the star it doesn't leave
fwzlKC2-FGu-01334-00268456-00268551 any remnant
fwzlKC2-FGu-01335-00268552-00268710 so you wouldn't expect to have black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01336-00268711-00268887 holes there here
fwzlKC2-FGu-01337-00268888-00269134 now those black holes have been observed
fwzlKC2-FGu-01338-00269135-00269255 by leica virgo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01339-00269256-00269463 there is a lot of speculation whether
fwzlKC2-FGu-01340-00269464-00269623 other astrophysical phenomena could
fwzlKC2-FGu-01341-00269624-00269710 produce
fwzlKC2-FGu-01342-00269711-00269903 for us the most natural interpretation
fwzlKC2-FGu-01343-00269904-00270071 is that that's not surprising
fwzlKC2-FGu-01344-00270072-00270303 they precisely correspond to where they
fwzlKC2-FGu-01345-00270304-00270439 should be which is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01346-00270440-00270758 the a pi and plateau that means that by
fwzlKC2-FGu-01347-00270759-00270815 opening
fwzlKC2-FGu-01348-00270816-00271127 up the sensitivity in in liko virgo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01349-00271128-00271430 between one and 100 or 200 solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01350-00271431-00271599 we are beginning to populate the mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01351-00271600-00271839 curve from our scenario
fwzlKC2-FGu-01352-00271840-00272095 you see that not only do we have local
fwzlKC2-FGu-01353-00272096-00272206 events
fwzlKC2-FGu-01354-00272207-00272382 around the peak but we also have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01355-00272383-00272543 significant amount of events about
fwzlKC2-FGu-01356-00272544-00272839 40 or so solar masses and a few that
fwzlKC2-FGu-01357-00272840-00272919 reach
fwzlKC2-FGu-01358-00272920-00273215 90 solar masses which we claim are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01359-00273216-00273391 primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-01360-00273392-00273623 of course this is not just the mass we
fwzlKC2-FGu-01361-00273624-00273727 have to ask about
fwzlKC2-FGu-01362-00273728-00273919 the rate of events do they agree with
fwzlKC2-FGu-01363-00273920-00274047 what we'd expect
fwzlKC2-FGu-01364-00274048-00274206 and for this is crucial to understand
fwzlKC2-FGu-01365-00274207-00274406 that those events that ligo and virgo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01366-00274407-00274463 observe
fwzlKC2-FGu-01367-00274464-00274663 come from binaries that were formed very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01368-00274664-00274815 dense in clusters so they had a high
fwzlKC2-FGu-01369-00274816-00274999 probability of formation of a binary
fwzlKC2-FGu-01370-00275000-00275151 and then three body interactions moved
fwzlKC2-FGu-01371-00275152-00275327 away the full center of mass all of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01372-00275328-00275439 binary left
fwzlKC2-FGu-01373-00275440-00275630 and therefore rather than breaking up
fwzlKC2-FGu-01374-00275631-00275799 the binary they just simply
fwzlKC2-FGu-01375-00275800-00276071 made the binary leave the cluster and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01376-00276072-00276134 eventually
fwzlKC2-FGu-01377-00276135-00276455 merge far away from the cluster now this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01378-00276456-00276510 gives you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01379-00276511-00276879 a large rate of events something that we
fwzlKC2-FGu-01380-00276880-00276943 could
fwzlKC2-FGu-01381-00276944-00277255 uh evaluate with the sensitivity of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01382-00277256-00277495 first one one and two from ligo virgo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01383-00277496-00277606 what is called the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01384-00277607-00277887 a gravitational wave transit catalog one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01385-00277888-00277919 which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01386-00277920-00278134 lie essentially where our model
fwzlKC2-FGu-01387-00278135-00278287 predicted and this we made the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01388-00278288-00278382 prediction before the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01389-00278383-00278671 the final catalog but moreover we had a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01390-00278672-00278887 prediction also before 2019 before the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01391-00278888-00278958 catalog
fwzlKC2-FGu-01392-00278959-00279391 got published 2020 so in september 2020
fwzlKC2-FGu-01393-00279392-00279630 off where should all those black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01394-00279631-00279719 in run three
fwzlKC2-FGu-01395-00279720-00280079 with gwtc2 catalog appeared where all of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01396-00280080-00280199 those black holes should be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01397-00280200-00280399 and there are three islands there's an
fwzlKC2-FGu-01398-00280400-00280639 island at very high masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01399-00280640-00280927 horizon to the pi and plateau where the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01400-00280928-00280991 mass ratio is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01401-00280992-00281271 401 the deviation from this diagonal to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01402-00281272-00281310 the left
fwzlKC2-FGu-01403-00281311-00281623 is mass ratio so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01404-00281624-00281934 that means that you can have large
fwzlKC2-FGu-01405-00281935-00282063 masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01406-00282064-00282351 and they are consistent with a being
fwzlKC2-FGu-01407-00282352-00282430 primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-01408-00282431-00282639 according to this scenario there are a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01409-00282640-00282839 few here which are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01410-00282840-00282991 separate from here perhaps these are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01411-00282992-00283239 stellar they are around 10 to 15
fwzlKC2-FGu-01412-00283240-00283455 20 solar masses so perhaps there are two
fwzlKC2-FGu-01413-00283456-00283655 populations within the ligo virgo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01414-00283656-00283871 uh black holes both of them are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01415-00283872-00284023 primordial but there are a few
fwzlKC2-FGu-01416-00284024-00284310 that are stellar this is my claim and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01417-00284311-00284463 there are and this is the new and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01418-00284464-00284582 interesting result
fwzlKC2-FGu-01419-00284583-00284799 uh events which are very large mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01420-00284800-00284967 ratios point
fwzlKC2-FGu-01421-00284968-00285206 one like this one and there are some in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01422-00285207-00285358 round three which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01423-00285359-00285623 is not depicted here and i am that i'm
fwzlKC2-FGu-01424-00285624-00285695 aware of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01425-00285696-00285967 which is near this island but more most
fwzlKC2-FGu-01426-00285968-00286039 interestingly
fwzlKC2-FGu-01427-00286040-00286287 there are because of the sensitivity of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01428-00286288-00286454 a round three which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01429-00286455-00286654 was deeper and therefore extended
fwzlKC2-FGu-01430-00286655-00286823 further into low masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01431-00286824-00287151 one could begin to see the low mass uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-01432-00287152-00287375 fraction and this is where a few events
fwzlKC2-FGu-01433-00287376-00287471 have already appeared
fwzlKC2-FGu-01434-00287472-00287815 in the run uh 3a round 3b will be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01435-00287816-00287943 published soon
fwzlKC2-FGu-01436-00287944-00288206 er the catalog would be incremented by
fwzlKC2-FGu-01437-00288207-00288271 another
fwzlKC2-FGu-01438-00288272-00288582 factor of 50 or so so we i
fwzlKC2-FGu-01439-00288583-00288758 predict that there should be more events
fwzlKC2-FGu-01440-00288759-00288887 here and here
fwzlKC2-FGu-01441-00288888-00289191 as well as here okay so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01442-00289192-00289510 rate mass what about spin remember spin
fwzlKC2-FGu-01443-00289511-00289606 was one of those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01444-00289607-00289910 equations that gave a clue whether the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01445-00289911-00290087 black hole arise from the cell
fwzlKC2-FGu-01446-00290088-00290199 revolution or
fwzlKC2-FGu-01447-00290200-00290534 primordial now a specific prediction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01448-00290535-00290751 of the primordial black hole scenario is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01449-00290752-00290934 that those initial black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01450-00290935-00291119 unless they have already merged they
fwzlKC2-FGu-01451-00291120-00291351 would be spin less
fwzlKC2-FGu-01452-00291352-00291487 if they were formed inside these
fwzlKC2-FGu-01453-00291488-00291727 clusters and they encounter each other
fwzlKC2-FGu-01454-00291728-00291927 and left the cluster and finally merged
fwzlKC2-FGu-01455-00291928-00292071 then they should have no spin in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01456-00292072-00292239 initial configuration
fwzlKC2-FGu-01457-00292240-00292558 now the spin of a black hole when
fwzlKC2-FGu-01458-00292559-00292806 it merges imagine that you have this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01459-00292807-00292934 binary with different speeds in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01460-00292935-00293054 different directions compared to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01461-00293055-00293263 angular dimension of the binary
fwzlKC2-FGu-01462-00293264-00293527 you can compute the projection of these
fwzlKC2-FGu-01463-00293528-00293743 suspends onto the argument of the binary
fwzlKC2-FGu-01464-00293744-00293903 and make the weighted average
fwzlKC2-FGu-01465-00293904-00294110 what is called the chi effective now
fwzlKC2-FGu-01466-00294111-00294287 these concepts can be measured very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01467-00294288-00294582 accurately with the waveforms of from
fwzlKC2-FGu-01468-00294583-00294791 ligo virgo of these in spirals
fwzlKC2-FGu-01469-00294792-00295006 and therefore one can uh determine this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01470-00295007-00295110 sky effect and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01471-00295111-00295399 surprisingly of all the events except a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01472-00295400-00295543 few are now described later
fwzlKC2-FGu-01473-00295544-00295934 why which have essentially all come
fwzlKC2-FGu-01474-00295935-00296263 concentrated around zero which could be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01475-00296264-00296463 due to the fact that they have serious b
fwzlKC2-FGu-01476-00296464-00296591 but it's not just
fwzlKC2-FGu-01477-00296592-00296830 the effective it's being effective this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01478-00296831-00296919 projection
fwzlKC2-FGu-01479-00296920-00297263 but moreover if you have two spins and a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01480-00297264-00297399 two two black holes and these black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01481-00297400-00297663 holes do not have spin they will inherit
fwzlKC2-FGu-01482-00297664-00298054 because of a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01483-00298055-00298279 frame dragging if you want the motion of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01484-00298280-00298471 these two black holes as they merge and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01485-00298472-00298630 form the final black hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-01486-00298631-00298799 the final black hole will inherit the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01487-00298800-00298975 rotation from the motion from the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01488-00298976-00299151 angular momentum of the system
fwzlKC2-FGu-01489-00299152-00299295 and there's a very specific prediction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01490-00299296-00299543 for interactivity if your initial black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01491-00299544-00299710 hole had zero spin the final
fwzlKC2-FGu-01492-00299711-00300039 black hole spin should be 0.686
fwzlKC2-FGu-01493-00300040-00300223 and this is precisely where all of those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01494-00300224-00300391 final spins cluster
fwzlKC2-FGu-01495-00300392-00300695 so we claim and we made an analysis with
fwzlKC2-FGu-01496-00300696-00301030 all of the gwtc2 black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01497-00301031-00301295 we observed that to 90 confidence level
fwzlKC2-FGu-01498-00301296-00301406 all those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01499-00301407-00301703 spins are the magnitude of the spins is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01500-00301704-00301806 below 0.2
fwzlKC2-FGu-01501-00301807-00302039 or so and this happens either they are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01502-00302040-00302215 isotropic a line or anterior line it
fwzlKC2-FGu-01503-00302216-00302351 doesn't really matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-01504-00302352-00302647 once you consider both the one one run
fwzlKC2-FGu-01505-00302648-00302679 two
fwzlKC2-FGu-01506-00302680-00302879 and ground three a we find that all
fwzlKC2-FGu-01507-00302880-00303063 those black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01508-00303064-00303279 the bulk of it is essentially a spin
fwzlKC2-FGu-01509-00303280-00303406 less
fwzlKC2-FGu-01510-00303407-00303791 so what's the future the future is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01511-00303792-00304182 we have now running a the two ligo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01512-00304183-00304406 um interferometers the vertical
fwzlKC2-FGu-01513-00304407-00304519 interferometers
fwzlKC2-FGu-01514-00304520-00304710 and the kagera with just starter
fwzlKC2-FGu-01515-00304711-00304903 operations and in round four will be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01516-00304904-00305110 fully operational
fwzlKC2-FGu-01517-00305111-00305351 then there is the prospect for a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01518-00305352-00305495 creating ligo india
fwzlKC2-FGu-01519-00305496-00305999 this should be in 2024 2025 operational
fwzlKC2-FGu-01520-00306000-00306295 and we will have therefore five
fwzlKC2-FGu-01521-00306296-00306479 interferometers in place
fwzlKC2-FGu-01522-00306480-00306695 helping us determine the location of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01523-00306696-00306815 source and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01524-00306816-00307071 very accurately the masses but clearly
fwzlKC2-FGu-01525-00307072-00307223 in order to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01526-00307224-00307471 reach very low masses and convince
fwzlKC2-FGu-01527-00307472-00307599 ourselves that there are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01528-00307600-00307806 a primordial black holes below a solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-01529-00307807-00307903 mass where
fwzlKC2-FGu-01530-00307904-00308103 the china sector limit would not have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01531-00308104-00308230 prevented them
fwzlKC2-FGu-01532-00308231-00308551 these black holes should be seen with a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01533-00308552-00308879 beyond the seismic wall and for this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01534-00308880-00309143 we need in third generation a rotation
fwzlKC2-FGu-01535-00309144-00309263 with detectors we need
fwzlKC2-FGu-01536-00309264-00309606 a isothermal scope lisa cosmic explorer
fwzlKC2-FGu-01537-00309607-00309871 the sn the idea fights in telescope is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01538-00309872-00310103 an interferometer just like a ligo or
fwzlKC2-FGu-01539-00310104-00310167 vertigo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01540-00310168-00310334 but rather than having two arms having
fwzlKC2-FGu-01541-00310335-00310543 three arms in an equilateral triangle
fwzlKC2-FGu-01542-00310544-00310919 and this helps a by going underground
fwzlKC2-FGu-01543-00310920-00311199 reduce the systemic noise and have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01544-00311200-00311295 broader
fwzlKC2-FGu-01545-00311296-00311582 frequency range this will allow us also
fwzlKC2-FGu-01546-00311583-00311679 to reach
fwzlKC2-FGu-01547-00311680-00311943 very high ratchets lightning vertical
fwzlKC2-FGu-01548-00311944-00312175 because of its sensitivity cannot reach
fwzlKC2-FGu-01549-00312176-00312439 say beyond reaches of five or so so we
fwzlKC2-FGu-01550-00312440-00312479 still
fwzlKC2-FGu-01551-00312480-00312743 are in the realm of possible stellar
fwzlKC2-FGu-01552-00312744-00312823 revolution
fwzlKC2-FGu-01553-00312824-00313095 black holes now if we reach redshift 20
fwzlKC2-FGu-01554-00313096-00313127 to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01555-00313128-00313367 100 stars have not formed yet and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01556-00313368-00313454 therefore
fwzlKC2-FGu-01557-00313455-00313743 if one observes events at those high
fwzlKC2-FGu-01558-00313744-00313815 pressures
fwzlKC2-FGu-01559-00313816-00314063 they are necessarily primordial image
fwzlKC2-FGu-01560-00314064-00314167 moreover
fwzlKC2-FGu-01561-00314168-00314423 if we look not only in retrieve but we
fwzlKC2-FGu-01562-00314424-00314591 also look in mass below
fwzlKC2-FGu-01563-00314592-00314815 once on the mass you see that we can
fwzlKC2-FGu-01564-00314816-00314919 extend
fwzlKC2-FGu-01565-00314920-00315247 the sensitivity of these uh curves
fwzlKC2-FGu-01566-00315248-00315543 below solar mass and we see we would be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01567-00315544-00315671 able to reach
fwzlKC2-FGu-01568-00315672-00315975 nearby black holes below solar mass and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01569-00315976-00316158 very clearly convince ourselves
fwzlKC2-FGu-01570-00316159-00316303 that there are primordial black holes in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01571-00316304-00316487 nature another issue is whether those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01572-00316488-00316599 black holes comprise
fwzlKC2-FGu-01573-00316600-00316951 all of the dark matter or not so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01574-00316952-00317271 let me conclude with this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01575-00317272-00317495 content diffusion inevitably generates
fwzlKC2-FGu-01576-00317496-00317639 promoted black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01577-00317640-00317871 because of large fluctuations during
fwzlKC2-FGu-01578-00317872-00317975 inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-01579-00317976-00318279 thermal history through the decrease in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01580-00318280-00318406 the radiation pressure predicts that
fwzlKC2-FGu-01581-00318407-00318543 those promotable holes will have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01582-00318544-00318630 multimodal
fwzlKC2-FGu-01583-00318631-00318839 mass distribution so you would have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01584-00318840-00319071 masses between -5
fwzlKC2-FGu-01585-00319072-00319334 a few a hundred solar masses tend to 56
fwzlKC2-FGu-01586-00319335-00319447 solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01587-00319448-00319687 the spin and mass distributions of first
fwzlKC2-FGu-01588-00319688-00319791 primordial black holes which were
fwzlKC2-FGu-01589-00319792-00319854 predicted
fwzlKC2-FGu-01590-00319855-00320030 are perfectly consistent with the ligo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01591-00320031-00320182 vehicle and ogle
fwzlKC2-FGu-01592-00320183-00320463 a microlensing results there are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01593-00320464-00320519 features
fwzlKC2-FGu-01594-00320520-00320815 in those distributions peak which soon
fwzlKC2-FGu-01595-00320816-00320910 will be mapped
fwzlKC2-FGu-01596-00320911-00321063 and therefore we'll have a convincing
fwzlKC2-FGu-01597-00321064-00321215 evidence that there exists
fwzlKC2-FGu-01598-00321216-00321423 with that mass range other peaks could
fwzlKC2-FGu-01599-00321424-00321558 be explored with microlensing for
fwzlKC2-FGu-01600-00321559-00321806 instance 10 to minus 5 solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01601-00321807-00322006 we could look to andromeda or the bulge
fwzlKC2-FGu-01602-00322007-00322151 and search for those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01603-00322152-00322343 very light black holes which would have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01604-00322344-00322527 much shorter
fwzlKC2-FGu-01605-00322528-00322839 microlensing events and in general
fwzlKC2-FGu-01606-00322840-00323015 this primordial blackhole scenario could
fwzlKC2-FGu-01607-00323016-00323143 explain many
fwzlKC2-FGu-01608-00323144-00323479 of the cosmic conundrums which are today
fwzlKC2-FGu-01609-00323480-00323806 in our cosmos revolution this would give
fwzlKC2-FGu-01610-00323807-00323999 rise to a paradigm shift in structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-01611-00324000-00324063 formation
fwzlKC2-FGu-01612-00324064-00324215 of the universe is no longer particle
fwzlKC2-FGu-01613-00324216-00324382 dark matter a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01614-00324383-00324567 watch what creates structure but
fwzlKC2-FGu-01615-00324568-00324799 primarily dark matter with very specific
fwzlKC2-FGu-01616-00324800-00324863 predictions
fwzlKC2-FGu-01617-00324864-00325143 on to the small-scale structure which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01618-00325144-00325230 can be probed
fwzlKC2-FGu-01619-00325231-00325463 as i was describing with both natural
fwzlKC2-FGu-01620-00325464-00325639 structure and microlensing
fwzlKC2-FGu-01621-00325640-00325951 and this gives a i've just scratched in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01622-00325952-00325991 this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01623-00325992-00326239 colloquium the surface of a tremendously
fwzlKC2-FGu-01624-00326240-00326399 rich phenomenology
fwzlKC2-FGu-01625-00326400-00326734 which is multi-scale multi-multi-pro and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01626-00326735-00326919 hopefully in the near future we will
fwzlKC2-FGu-01627-00326920-00327134 have with third-generation detectors
fwzlKC2-FGu-01628-00327135-00327343 both with lateral structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-01629-00327344-00327647 and in gravitational waves the the ways
fwzlKC2-FGu-01630-00327648-00327695 to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01631-00327696-00327982 to constrain this and and confirm the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01632-00327983-00328175 scenario of primordial rehearse
fwzlKC2-FGu-01633-00328176-00328415 and with this i finish and thank you for
fwzlKC2-FGu-01634-00328416-00328895 your attention
fwzlKC2-FGu-01635-00328896-00329134 thank you very much thank you very much
fwzlKC2-FGu-01636-00329135-00329247 professor
fwzlKC2-FGu-01637-00329248-00329606 garcia and now the talk is open
fwzlKC2-FGu-01638-00329607-00329854 for question you can make your question
fwzlKC2-FGu-01639-00329855-00329927 just
fwzlKC2-FGu-01640-00329928-00330110 rising your hand or doing the question
fwzlKC2-FGu-01641-00330111-00330254 in the chat
fwzlKC2-FGu-01642-00330255-00330543 for rice in your hand please open the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01643-00330544-00330687 participant window
fwzlKC2-FGu-01644-00330688-00330934 it is in the bottom of your menu and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01645-00330935-00331095 there you can see
fwzlKC2-FGu-01646-00331096-00331623 a blue hand that you can press and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01647-00331624-00331934 rise it up and chun
fwzlKC2-FGu-01648-00331935-00332215 i think you you will manage the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01649-00332216-00332367 questions
fwzlKC2-FGu-01650-00332368-00332710 okay yeah thanks thanks a lot juan
fwzlKC2-FGu-01651-00332711-00333054 it was a great talk i have to say that
fwzlKC2-FGu-01652-00333055-00333247 i have learned a lot really i'm sure
fwzlKC2-FGu-01653-00333248-00333358 there will be a lot of questions
fwzlKC2-FGu-01654-00333359-00333654 then let's let's see how is i see some
fwzlKC2-FGu-01655-00333655-00333775 some hands already
fwzlKC2-FGu-01656-00333776-00334103 from chema the first one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01657-00334104-00334382 hi um turning on the video so that i can
fwzlKC2-FGu-01658-00334383-00334495 see your face
fwzlKC2-FGu-01659-00334496-00334967 yeah thanks one second sure
fwzlKC2-FGu-01660-00334968-00335151 let me prepare my head i didn't brush my
fwzlKC2-FGu-01661-00335152-00335351 hair today it's okay
fwzlKC2-FGu-01662-00335352-00335615 uh sorry i i i thought your head your
fwzlKC2-FGu-01663-00335616-00335823 hand was there
fwzlKC2-FGu-01664-00335824-00336095 so thank you horn it was a really really
fwzlKC2-FGu-01665-00336096-00336223 very interesting talk
fwzlKC2-FGu-01666-00336224-00336439 as you say this year is going to be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01667-00336440-00336615 exciting hopefully we'll learn more
fwzlKC2-FGu-01668-00336616-00336719 about this uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-01669-00336720-00336991 really intriguing candidates for that
fwzlKC2-FGu-01670-00336992-00337047 matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-01671-00337048-00337358 i i it's one of my favorite candidates
fwzlKC2-FGu-01672-00337359-00337678 so one of the things that i noticed that
fwzlKC2-FGu-01673-00337679-00338039 you discussed a little bit um but the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01674-00338040-00338310 recent lego team doesn't go much into
fwzlKC2-FGu-01675-00338311-00338406 detail
fwzlKC2-FGu-01676-00338407-00338678 is the the mass ratio and the apparent
fwzlKC2-FGu-01677-00338679-00338775 preference
fwzlKC2-FGu-01678-00338776-00339054 for all the especially the latest
fwzlKC2-FGu-01679-00339055-00339167 detections
fwzlKC2-FGu-01680-00339168-00339406 for a mass ratio close to one it seems
fwzlKC2-FGu-01681-00339407-00339495 like uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-01682-00339496-00339767 binary black holes like to marry one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01683-00339768-00339839 that is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01684-00339840-00340127 alike and um there is one point in this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01685-00340128-00340239 graph
fwzlKC2-FGu-01686-00340240-00340447 which approaches that third island which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01687-00340448-00340654 is predicted by your model
fwzlKC2-FGu-01688-00340655-00340839 it's also predicted by the mass function
fwzlKC2-FGu-01689-00340840-00341030 of uh ligo the one they
fwzlKC2-FGu-01690-00341031-00341454 they they adopt as the west model
fwzlKC2-FGu-01691-00341455-00341647 they need to include a new ingredient in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01692-00341648-00341823 their model which is a probably
fwzlKC2-FGu-01693-00341824-00342039 distribution for this cube
fwzlKC2-FGu-01694-00342040-00342287 yeah which is a bit strange they don't
fwzlKC2-FGu-01695-00342288-00342423 explain that much
fwzlKC2-FGu-01696-00342424-00342567 um i can explain a little bit if you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01697-00342568-00342751 want and i i was wondering
fwzlKC2-FGu-01698-00342752-00343078 biases yes so i was wondering
fwzlKC2-FGu-01699-00343079-00343239 you know one thing i find interesting
fwzlKC2-FGu-01700-00343240-00343382 from your model
fwzlKC2-FGu-01701-00343383-00343647 is this clustering thing i was wondering
fwzlKC2-FGu-01702-00343648-00343703 if
fwzlKC2-FGu-01703-00343704-00343895 there could be a mechanism like a mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01704-00343896-00344103 segregation within these clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-01705-00344104-00344343 that could explain his apparent
fwzlKC2-FGu-01706-00344344-00344558 preference for q equal one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01707-00344559-00344919 extremely good question okay so indeed
fwzlKC2-FGu-01708-00344920-00345143 there are two issues here one is a what
fwzlKC2-FGu-01709-00345144-00345399 kind of biases the detection induces on
fwzlKC2-FGu-01710-00345400-00345623 the actual observation of binaries
fwzlKC2-FGu-01711-00345624-00345871 that's first that you pointed out and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01712-00345872-00345943 the other is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01713-00345944-00346158 what is the dynamics of our scenario
fwzlKC2-FGu-01714-00346159-00346278 which are specific
fwzlKC2-FGu-01715-00346279-00346582 to the uh the actual mass ratio
fwzlKC2-FGu-01716-00346583-00346806 and let's go first to the detection
fwzlKC2-FGu-01717-00346807-00346982 strategies and how
fwzlKC2-FGu-01718-00346983-00347247 like virgo they tell you that you have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01719-00347248-00347447 an event above a certain
fwzlKC2-FGu-01720-00347448-00347663 signal to noise ratio so they use
fwzlKC2-FGu-01721-00347664-00347830 templates and they use match filtering
fwzlKC2-FGu-01722-00347831-00347903 for the month
fwzlKC2-FGu-01723-00347904-00348239 they still have not envisioned a using
fwzlKC2-FGu-01724-00348240-00348471 neural networks to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01725-00348472-00348791 distinguish the waveforms inside the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01726-00348792-00348871 noise
fwzlKC2-FGu-01727-00348872-00349119 in order to extract the existence of a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01728-00349120-00349191 of an event
fwzlKC2-FGu-01729-00349192-00349391 so for the one that they they have to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01730-00349392-00349534 describe those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01731-00349535-00349823 uh binaries and the revolution and their
fwzlKC2-FGu-01732-00349824-00349895 waveforms
fwzlKC2-FGu-01733-00349896-00350095 in in templates so they have to generate
fwzlKC2-FGu-01734-00350096-00350247 those templates first
fwzlKC2-FGu-01735-00350248-00350478 now i am aware that there is a very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01736-00350479-00350582 strong bias
fwzlKC2-FGu-01737-00350583-00350799 to using templates because it simply
fwzlKC2-FGu-01738-00350800-00350975 opens a new parameter space
fwzlKC2-FGu-01739-00350976-00351239 you have to take a not only different
fwzlKC2-FGu-01740-00351240-00351463 masses this is different spins
fwzlKC2-FGu-01741-00351464-00351703 different projected spins you have to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01742-00351704-00351854 introduce a precession
fwzlKC2-FGu-01743-00351855-00352078 but when you include also very large
fwzlKC2-FGu-01744-00352079-00352230 mass ratios
fwzlKC2-FGu-01745-00352231-00352430 the effect on the um the templates
fwzlKC2-FGu-01746-00352431-00352615 exponentially hurt so you have to have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01747-00352616-00352815 many more templates than you would
fwzlKC2-FGu-01748-00352816-00353015 otherwise you simply have another
fwzlKC2-FGu-01749-00353016-00353071 dimension
fwzlKC2-FGu-01750-00353072-00353239 in parabolic space to explore of your
fwzlKC2-FGu-01751-00353240-00353406 template space now
fwzlKC2-FGu-01752-00353407-00353615 there's also another issue which is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01753-00353616-00353799 bias in the sensitivity
fwzlKC2-FGu-01754-00353800-00354054 it has to do with the fact that a q much
fwzlKC2-FGu-01755-00354055-00354134 less than one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01756-00354135-00354406 so why we haven't seen so many uh very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01757-00354407-00354510 small
fwzlKC2-FGu-01758-00354511-00354743 mass ratios or very few of these have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01759-00354744-00354823 been observed
fwzlKC2-FGu-01760-00354824-00355119 is because they take a shorter time
fwzlKC2-FGu-01761-00355120-00355239 inside your detector
fwzlKC2-FGu-01762-00355240-00355447 if you want the little mass ratio
fwzlKC2-FGu-01763-00355448-00355582 induces a much
fwzlKC2-FGu-01764-00355583-00355775 faster from the moment you start being
fwzlKC2-FGu-01765-00355776-00356015 seeing it above 220 hertz remember
fwzlKC2-FGu-01766-00356016-00356095 there's a trigger
fwzlKC2-FGu-01767-00356096-00356254 you start seeing things about 20 hertz
fwzlKC2-FGu-01768-00356255-00356439 and then you wait until
fwzlKC2-FGu-01769-00356440-00356687 the final merge punch comes in now this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01770-00356688-00356887 depends very much on the mach ratio
fwzlKC2-FGu-01771-00356888-00357199 so the mass ratio changes the the the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01772-00357200-00357367 time it takes to stay inside and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01773-00357368-00357503 therefore the same optimization
fwzlKC2-FGu-01774-00357504-00357758 that means that in order to see an event
fwzlKC2-FGu-01775-00357759-00357806 with
fwzlKC2-FGu-01776-00357807-00358110 high in signal to noise you have
fwzlKC2-FGu-01777-00358111-00358391 you need it to be to have very close to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01778-00358392-00358447 one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01779-00358448-00358830 mass very tiny but ratios are too short
fwzlKC2-FGu-01780-00358831-00359151 to to be distinguished from noise okay
fwzlKC2-FGu-01781-00359152-00359510 so you have a bias towards a larger
fwzlKC2-FGu-01782-00359511-00359791 maturation so i believe that there are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01783-00359792-00359895 more
fwzlKC2-FGu-01784-00359896-00360175 low mass ratios in the whole sample it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-01785-00360176-00360263 just simply that
fwzlKC2-FGu-01786-00360264-00360630 we have to modify our
fwzlKC2-FGu-01787-00360631-00360847 strategy for detection of those uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-01788-00360848-00360982 deviations
fwzlKC2-FGu-01789-00360983-00361223 now with respect to a mass aggregation
fwzlKC2-FGu-01790-00361224-00361351 extremely interesting
fwzlKC2-FGu-01791-00361352-00361710 so indeed i in this later simulations
fwzlKC2-FGu-01792-00361711-00362039 from in june uh last year we put
fwzlKC2-FGu-01793-00362040-00362287 into embodied simulations the motion of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01794-00362288-00362423 these tense clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-01795-00362424-00362678 and we did observe that those black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01796-00362679-00362863 holes which were a dense
fwzlKC2-FGu-01797-00362864-00363110 uh definitely moving in this inner
fwzlKC2-FGu-01798-00363111-00363191 regions of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01799-00363192-00363454 of the cluster were very quickly drawn
fwzlKC2-FGu-01800-00363455-00363606 out through slingshot effects
fwzlKC2-FGu-01801-00363607-00363854 three-bar interactions uh typically tend
fwzlKC2-FGu-01802-00363855-00363975 to evaporate
fwzlKC2-FGu-01803-00363976-00364199 those black holes which have taken the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01804-00364200-00364343 five solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-01805-00364344-00364654 at recombination and when they are start
fwzlKC2-FGu-01806-00364655-00365047 to allow to move and and coalesce and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01807-00365048-00365310 drive their dynamics inside most of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01808-00365311-00365543 heaviest would go to the center
fwzlKC2-FGu-01809-00365544-00365751 through the usual dynamical friction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01810-00365752-00365878 some of them will merge
fwzlKC2-FGu-01811-00365879-00366047 all this simply the most massive maybe
fwzlKC2-FGu-01812-00366048-00366182 ten to the three solar mass would go to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01813-00366183-00366263 the center
fwzlKC2-FGu-01814-00366264-00366471 they would orbit around this smaller
fwzlKC2-FGu-01815-00366472-00366703 masses but the lightest ones which would
fwzlKC2-FGu-01816-00366704-00366815 have encountered
fwzlKC2-FGu-01817-00366816-00367063 a deeper potential well massive more
fwzlKC2-FGu-01818-00367064-00367223 massive ones would be thrown out just
fwzlKC2-FGu-01819-00367224-00367399 like i was describing for stars
fwzlKC2-FGu-01820-00367400-00367654 in darfur feroidals so i would expect
fwzlKC2-FGu-01821-00367655-00367782 the evaporation
fwzlKC2-FGu-01822-00367783-00368087 of a the the clusters to happen first
fwzlKC2-FGu-01823-00368088-00368223 with the lightest ones so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01824-00368224-00368543 i would say that the most the one solo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01825-00368544-00368639 mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01826-00368640-00368951 point once or or below
fwzlKC2-FGu-01827-00368952-00369254 up to say 10 or so solar masses would be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01828-00369255-00369295 thrown
fwzlKC2-FGu-01829-00369296-00369463 out of those clusters so you would
fwzlKC2-FGu-01830-00369464-00369663 remain inside the cluster with the most
fwzlKC2-FGu-01831-00369664-00370054 heavy ones now this for the in terms of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01832-00370055-00370143 microlensing
fwzlKC2-FGu-01833-00370144-00370367 it gives you a very specific prediction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01834-00370368-00370471 and also for
fwzlKC2-FGu-01835-00370472-00370654 the merger events that you would expect
fwzlKC2-FGu-01836-00370655-00370799 from ligon virgo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01837-00370800-00371071 because these that we observed today
fwzlKC2-FGu-01838-00371072-00371247 probably was linked shut away
fwzlKC2-FGu-01839-00371248-00371454 in binaries as i we observed in these
fwzlKC2-FGu-01840-00371455-00371575 simulations
fwzlKC2-FGu-01841-00371576-00371791 during the radiation era so they were
fwzlKC2-FGu-01842-00371792-00371934 not waiting until the radish
fwzlKC2-FGu-01843-00371935-00372151 sorry mattered era to for these black
fwzlKC2-FGu-01844-00372152-00372254 holes to evaporate so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01845-00372255-00372710 they could form say a binaries of 30 50
fwzlKC2-FGu-01846-00372711-00373102 80 solar masses way inside deep in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01847-00373103-00373399 uh radiation era it would take this by
fwzlKC2-FGu-01848-00373400-00373447 the way
fwzlKC2-FGu-01849-00373448-00373775 explains why uh we observe these events
fwzlKC2-FGu-01850-00373776-00374151 at redshift 0.8 which is seven giga
fwzlKC2-FGu-01851-00374152-00374406 years after the big bang or half halfway
fwzlKC2-FGu-01852-00374407-00374575 now in the age of the universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-01853-00374576-00374806 so they are they would already found
fwzlKC2-FGu-01854-00374807-00374991 each other in these dense clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-01855-00374992-00375278 very early on and only much later would
fwzlKC2-FGu-01856-00375279-00375334 merge
fwzlKC2-FGu-01857-00375335-00375527 to to make the emission of rotation wave
fwzlKC2-FGu-01858-00375528-00375671 detected by a logo
fwzlKC2-FGu-01859-00375672-00375927 so there is a segregation of mass there
fwzlKC2-FGu-01860-00375928-00376063 this gives you in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01861-00376064-00376334 a constant for the the rate of events
fwzlKC2-FGu-01862-00376335-00376463 that we observe in different mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-01863-00376464-00376663 ranges and this is part of the reason
fwzlKC2-FGu-01864-00376664-00376830 why we observed this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01865-00376831-00377119 a maximum here being of compatible
fwzlKC2-FGu-01866-00377120-00377263 magnitude as this one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01867-00377264-00377510 so here you have otherwise remember we
fwzlKC2-FGu-01868-00377511-00377719 had a high peak much larger peak
fwzlKC2-FGu-01869-00377720-00377967 at two solar masses than 100 solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-01870-00377968-00378078 masses these two
fwzlKC2-FGu-01871-00378079-00378254 could not have been just for mass ratios
fwzlKC2-FGu-01872-00378255-00378382 would not have been as
fwzlKC2-FGu-01873-00378383-00378575 as frequent as the other one however
fwzlKC2-FGu-01874-00378576-00378743 because of the sensitivity and because
fwzlKC2-FGu-01875-00378744-00378815 of these
fwzlKC2-FGu-01876-00378816-00379054 uh merger rates that i was describing
fwzlKC2-FGu-01877-00379055-00379247 these thick hands enhanced
fwzlKC2-FGu-01878-00379248-00379382 it's much more powerful to have these
fwzlKC2-FGu-01879-00379383-00379575 black holes with these muscles
fwzlKC2-FGu-01880-00379576-00379854 so there's a lot of dynamics involved in
fwzlKC2-FGu-01881-00379855-00379951 this plot
fwzlKC2-FGu-01882-00379952-00380310 which uh reflects what was the evolution
fwzlKC2-FGu-01883-00380311-00380519 in the early universe radiation and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01884-00380520-00380782 matter that gives rise to these rates
fwzlKC2-FGu-01885-00380783-00381110 so it's it's not trivial connection
fwzlKC2-FGu-01886-00381111-00381278 and it's surprising that it agrees so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01887-00381279-00381454 well with observation from live on
fwzlKC2-FGu-01888-00381455-00381575 february
fwzlKC2-FGu-01889-00381576-00381887 thanks you're welcome okay so there is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01890-00381888-00382175 question my debit balance kabul
fwzlKC2-FGu-01891-00382176-00382406 ah that means happy new year nice to see
fwzlKC2-FGu-01892-00382407-00382487 you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01893-00382488-00382678 hi everyone uh thank you for this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01894-00382679-00382847 wonderful talk it was absolutely
fwzlKC2-FGu-01895-00382848-00382927 fascinating
fwzlKC2-FGu-01896-00382928-00383239 thank you i have two questions um
fwzlKC2-FGu-01897-00383240-00383630 one is how dependent is this prediction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01898-00383631-00383887 of the shape of the infertile potential
fwzlKC2-FGu-01899-00383888-00383999 or alternatively
fwzlKC2-FGu-01900-00384000-00384167 if you get the mass spectrum how
fwzlKC2-FGu-01901-00384168-00384310 concerning will that be
fwzlKC2-FGu-01902-00384311-00384534 for you know single field inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-01903-00384535-00384702 because the constraints from blank are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01904-00384703-00384815 very loose
fwzlKC2-FGu-01905-00384816-00385143 and so this is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01906-00385144-00385367 the second question is that i worry that
fwzlKC2-FGu-01907-00385368-00385478 this will produce
fwzlKC2-FGu-01908-00385479-00385702 actually a behavior similar to warm dark
fwzlKC2-FGu-01909-00385703-00385847 matter in the sense that
fwzlKC2-FGu-01910-00385848-00386063 it will erase power on small scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-01911-00386064-00386175 right
fwzlKC2-FGu-01912-00386176-00386439 well it depends how small you go i i
fwzlKC2-FGu-01913-00386440-00386502 will go okay
fwzlKC2-FGu-01914-00386503-00386806 let me describe
fwzlKC2-FGu-01915-00386807-00387127 respond to the both uh for the first one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01916-00387128-00387471 i will jump directly to the transparency
fwzlKC2-FGu-01917-00387472-00387839 this one
fwzlKC2-FGu-01918-00387840-00388047 it's an excellent question david so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01919-00388048-00388287 indeed a the dynamics of inflation has
fwzlKC2-FGu-01920-00388288-00388471 in direct consequence on the power
fwzlKC2-FGu-01921-00388472-00388606 spectrum of fluctuations
fwzlKC2-FGu-01922-00388607-00388743 but not only on the power spectrum the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01923-00388744-00388895 two-point function but also in the full
fwzlKC2-FGu-01924-00388896-00389087 pdf distribution remember there are
fwzlKC2-FGu-01925-00389088-00389287 high tails now the distribution which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01926-00389288-00389423 give an enhanced
fwzlKC2-FGu-01927-00389424-00389654 for a probability of collapse now on
fwzlKC2-FGu-01928-00389655-00389775 very large scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-01929-00389776-00390047 so on blankie is a scales of 10 to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01930-00390048-00390110 minus four
fwzlKC2-FGu-01931-00390111-00390382 a inverse megaparsecs to a logical
fwzlKC2-FGu-01932-00390383-00390487 structure scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-01933-00390488-00390775 a lime and alpha clouds over all those
fwzlKC2-FGu-01934-00390776-00390887 scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-01935-00390888-00391102 these corresponds to the upper part of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01936-00391103-00391247 the potential if you want
fwzlKC2-FGu-01937-00391248-00391543 they correspond to these scales and this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01938-00391544-00391782 a very simple lambda five-fourth a model
fwzlKC2-FGu-01939-00391783-00391854 for the higgs
fwzlKC2-FGu-01940-00391855-00392030 was a non-mineral coupling gives you a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01941-00392031-00392199 flat plateau there so this is like a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01942-00392200-00392358 starbucks model of inflation there's no
fwzlKC2-FGu-01943-00392359-00392406 difference
fwzlKC2-FGu-01944-00392407-00392678 it's easy to tune there and as you say
fwzlKC2-FGu-01945-00392679-00392799 the constraints from plug are quite
fwzlKC2-FGu-01946-00392800-00392854 loose
fwzlKC2-FGu-01947-00392855-00393167 you could have a spectral title of 0.96
fwzlKC2-FGu-01948-00393168-00393551 a a ratio tensor to scale of 0.03 so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01949-00393552-00393743 oh three per meter that's okay that's
fwzlKC2-FGu-01950-00393744-00393871 not that's not an issue
fwzlKC2-FGu-01951-00393872-00394063 now it's very interesting that the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01952-00394064-00394199 dynamics uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-01953-00394200-00394375 which have to do with the inflection
fwzlKC2-FGu-01954-00394376-00394502 point and this is
fwzlKC2-FGu-01955-00394503-00394758 crucial that it is they they hate
fwzlKC2-FGu-01956-00394759-00394927 because we do know through realization
fwzlKC2-FGu-01957-00394928-00395071 group equation that the self-capping of
fwzlKC2-FGu-01958-00395072-00395223 the heads decreases this is due
fwzlKC2-FGu-01959-00395224-00395423 to the fact that the top quark is very
fwzlKC2-FGu-01960-00395424-00395534 massive
fwzlKC2-FGu-01961-00395535-00395758 and the the loops in the in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01962-00395759-00395895 correction
fwzlKC2-FGu-01963-00395896-00396167 quantum field theory correction to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01964-00396168-00396287 self-coupling of the higgs
fwzlKC2-FGu-01965-00396288-00396478 comes through loops of top quarks which
fwzlKC2-FGu-01966-00396479-00396671 contribute with a negative sign
fwzlKC2-FGu-01967-00396672-00396871 minus the mass of the top to the fourth
fwzlKC2-FGu-01968-00396872-00396991 power and this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01969-00396992-00397191 drives the self-coupling down at high
fwzlKC2-FGu-01970-00397192-00397310 scales so if
fwzlKC2-FGu-01971-00397311-00397591 as we move to from electric scales to
fwzlKC2-FGu-01972-00397592-00397734 plunking scale so we go
fwzlKC2-FGu-01973-00397735-00397982 to set them to 15 gb where inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-01974-00397983-00398063 happens
fwzlKC2-FGu-01975-00398064-00398263 all those coupling decreases has a
fwzlKC2-FGu-01976-00398264-00398391 minimum and then crisis
fwzlKC2-FGu-01977-00398392-00398623 up again and it's this minimum this
fwzlKC2-FGu-01978-00398624-00398743 gives rise to this feature in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01979-00398744-00398887 potential so it's a very specific
fwzlKC2-FGu-01980-00398888-00398999 prediction of standard model
fwzlKC2-FGu-01981-00399000-00399310 of particle physics now can we change
fwzlKC2-FGu-01982-00399311-00399615 the uh the shape of the plateau yes
fwzlKC2-FGu-01983-00399616-00399902 if you change slightly the coefficients
fwzlKC2-FGu-01984-00399903-00399943 and
fwzlKC2-FGu-01985-00399944-00400110 the running of those couplings all the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01986-00400111-00400351 way to high scales high energy scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-01987-00400352-00400534 we will change the position of this peak
fwzlKC2-FGu-01988-00400535-00400758 this could be here or here
fwzlKC2-FGu-01989-00400759-00400958 so you could change this you could
fwzlKC2-FGu-01990-00400959-00401158 change slightly the inclination if you
fwzlKC2-FGu-01991-00401159-00401367 want the tilt of the second plateau so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01992-00401368-00401439 if you see
fwzlKC2-FGu-01993-00401440-00401615 there's a universal feature here because
fwzlKC2-FGu-01994-00401616-00401854 of this inflection point
fwzlKC2-FGu-01995-00401855-00402158 in the middle between 60 e4 and 0 around
fwzlKC2-FGu-01996-00402159-00402239 30 or so
fwzlKC2-FGu-01997-00402240-00402454 40 evils you have two plateaus the
fwzlKC2-FGu-01998-00402455-00402567 plateau corresponding to the large
fwzlKC2-FGu-01999-00402568-00402615 scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-02000-00402616-00402734 and plateau corresponding to the small
fwzlKC2-FGu-02001-00402735-00402958 scales this is ten to the minus nine if
fwzlKC2-FGu-02002-00402959-00403078 you ten to the minus nine
fwzlKC2-FGu-02003-00403079-00403295 in in amplitude by the way this should
fwzlKC2-FGu-02004-00403296-00403454 be the square root of power spectrum
fwzlKC2-FGu-02005-00403455-00403767 this is a typo here and this should be
fwzlKC2-FGu-02006-00403768-00404134 a as i say 10 minus no no it's okay this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02007-00404135-00404239 is a power spectrum there's no square
fwzlKC2-FGu-02008-00404240-00404327 root otherwise it would have been dead
fwzlKC2-FGu-02009-00404328-00404487 to minus
fwzlKC2-FGu-02010-00404488-00404751 so these two plateaus have very
fwzlKC2-FGu-02011-00404752-00404839 different amplitudes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02012-00404840-00405223 but similar tills now this determines
fwzlKC2-FGu-02013-00405224-00405527 when we go to the to the mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-02014-00405528-00405606 distribution
fwzlKC2-FGu-02015-00405607-00405847 here which is what you were asking this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02016-00405848-00405927 determines
fwzlKC2-FGu-02017-00405928-00406134 the change in the tilt determines the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02018-00406135-00406302 relative abundance of one peak with
fwzlKC2-FGu-02019-00406303-00406471 respect to the others for instance
fwzlKC2-FGu-02020-00406472-00406782 if this secondary peak or plateau
fwzlKC2-FGu-02021-00406783-00407054 which appears at small scales has a tilt
fwzlKC2-FGu-02022-00407055-00407247 which is 0.98 instead of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02023-00407248-00407615 a 0.97 or 0.96 instead of 0.97
fwzlKC2-FGu-02024-00407616-00407871 we observe that they picked a relative a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02025-00407872-00407927 fraction
fwzlKC2-FGu-02026-00407928-00408127 of say 10 to 6 solar masses compared to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02027-00408128-00408287 two solar masses differs
fwzlKC2-FGu-02028-00408288-00408623 maybe almost by a factor of 10 5.
fwzlKC2-FGu-02029-00408624-00409006 so there is a specific prediction uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-02030-00409007-00409287 which would give rise to very tiny
fwzlKC2-FGu-02031-00409288-00409471 changes in the tilt of those
fwzlKC2-FGu-02032-00409472-00409799 uh other fluctuations during inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-02033-00409800-00410014 it would change again at ten to minus
fwzlKC2-FGu-02034-00410015-00410126 five solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-02035-00410127-00410359 how many uh microlensing event should i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02036-00410360-00410430 see with
fwzlKC2-FGu-02037-00410431-00410751 with ogle towards the andromeda or with
fwzlKC2-FGu-02038-00410752-00410934 whatever microlens conservative that we
fwzlKC2-FGu-02039-00410935-00411247 i want to use to detect this speak so i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02040-00411247-00411414 think there's a here a tremendous
fwzlKC2-FGu-02041-00411415-00411526 opportunity
fwzlKC2-FGu-02042-00411527-00411759 to use the observations that we have in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02043-00411760-00411878 terms of mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-02044-00411879-00412095 and transfer this to the early universe
fwzlKC2-FGu-02045-00412096-00412287 because the only ingredient that we are
fwzlKC2-FGu-02046-00412288-00412366 using here
fwzlKC2-FGu-02047-00412367-00412543 is fundamental physics that is well
fwzlKC2-FGu-02048-00412543-00412766 tested and in this i want to make an
fwzlKC2-FGu-02049-00412767-00412870 analogy
fwzlKC2-FGu-02050-00412871-00413087 a the big bad nuclear synthesis was
fwzlKC2-FGu-02051-00413088-00413222 described for the first time
fwzlKC2-FGu-02052-00413223-00413487 by gamov and their collaborators in the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02053-00413488-00413559 40s
fwzlKC2-FGu-02054-00413560-00413847 of the last century by extrapolating
fwzlKC2-FGu-02055-00413847-00414039 nuclear reactions that were
fwzlKC2-FGu-02056-00414039-00414334 recently analyzed and measured with high
fwzlKC2-FGu-02057-00414335-00414430 accuracy in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02058-00414431-00414799 reactors in the 40s and 30s
fwzlKC2-FGu-02059-00414800-00415014 to the early universe now we're what
fwzlKC2-FGu-02060-00415015-00415103 we're doing here
fwzlKC2-FGu-02061-00415104-00415374 is going step further rather than say
fwzlKC2-FGu-02062-00415375-00415478 energies of water
fwzlKC2-FGu-02063-00415479-00415687 mega electron volt the typical nuclear
fwzlKC2-FGu-02064-00415688-00415822 reaction energies
fwzlKC2-FGu-02065-00415823-00416055 which would give rise to effects on the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02066-00416056-00416182 nuclear reaction rates in the early
fwzlKC2-FGu-02067-00416183-00416295 universe giving
fwzlKC2-FGu-02068-00416296-00416455 rise to the light element abundance
fwzlKC2-FGu-02069-00416456-00416718 lithium helium deuterium etc
fwzlKC2-FGu-02070-00416719-00416918 what i'm doing here is using fundamental
fwzlKC2-FGu-02071-00416919-00417078 particle physics high-energy particle
fwzlKC2-FGu-02072-00417079-00417143 physics
fwzlKC2-FGu-02073-00417143-00417399 uh measurements no the analog to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02074-00417400-00417534 nuclear reaction rates
fwzlKC2-FGu-02075-00417535-00417799 that have been observed in accelerators
fwzlKC2-FGu-02076-00417800-00417903 100
fwzlKC2-FGu-02077-00417904-00418270 gv to several tv and then it's operating
fwzlKC2-FGu-02078-00418271-00418318 this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02079-00418319-00418510 physics which is well understood from
fwzlKC2-FGu-02080-00418512-00418678 the phenomenal point of view
fwzlKC2-FGu-02081-00418679-00418807 all the way to the early universe and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02082-00418808-00419022 asking what would that give
fwzlKC2-FGu-02083-00419023-00419326 rise to if there were a plateau of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02084-00419327-00419487 fluctuations from inflation well it
fwzlKC2-FGu-02085-00419488-00419703 would give rise to these features
fwzlKC2-FGu-02086-00419704-00419927 so by using fundamental physics which is
fwzlKC2-FGu-02087-00419928-00420022 well tested
fwzlKC2-FGu-02088-00420023-00420318 and having the ingredients from a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02089-00420319-00420470 quantum fluctuation to inflation
fwzlKC2-FGu-02090-00420471-00420799 i can use my mass spectrum
fwzlKC2-FGu-02091-00420800-00421014 of black holes to know about their
fwzlKC2-FGu-02092-00421015-00421135 universal physics so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02093-00421135-00421366 in that sense i think this is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02094-00421367-00421479 tremendous
fwzlKC2-FGu-02095-00421480-00421727 window into the argument now with
fwzlKC2-FGu-02096-00421728-00421839 respect to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02097-00421839-00422022 what you were asking about the the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02098-00422023-00422231 masses and the small scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-02099-00422232-00422487 the small skills of course you'd be
fwzlKC2-FGu-02100-00422488-00422551 sensitive
fwzlKC2-FGu-02101-00422552-00422799 to a office's link shot effect but you
fwzlKC2-FGu-02102-00422800-00422927 would be sensitive also
fwzlKC2-FGu-02103-00422928-00423183 to the distribution of and the abundance
fwzlKC2-FGu-02104-00423184-00423383 of saint dwarf spheroidals
fwzlKC2-FGu-02105-00423384-00423631 now of course those that we observe at
fwzlKC2-FGu-02106-00423632-00423710 the moment
fwzlKC2-FGu-02107-00423712-00424070 around our galaxy and other galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-02108-00424071-00424222 since they are so faint and you know
fwzlKC2-FGu-02109-00424223-00424422 this very well because of your
fwzlKC2-FGu-02110-00424423-00424775 picasso proposal you want to to see
fwzlKC2-FGu-02111-00424776-00425039 objects uh orbiting around these halos
fwzlKC2-FGu-02112-00425039-00425214 of galaxies which are as faint as
fwzlKC2-FGu-02113-00425215-00425391 possible because you would then be
fwzlKC2-FGu-02114-00425392-00425551 probing the substructure
fwzlKC2-FGu-02115-00425552-00425879 that formed very early on and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02116-00425880-00426079 successively accumulates around larger
fwzlKC2-FGu-02117-00426080-00426214 halos forming
fwzlKC2-FGu-02118-00426215-00426447 the all the galaxies that we observe so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02119-00426447-00426566 if we could follow
fwzlKC2-FGu-02120-00426567-00426879 those uh dolphis federals we could
fwzlKC2-FGu-02121-00426880-00426943 follow them
fwzlKC2-FGu-02122-00426943-00427255 as a function of register in evolution
fwzlKC2-FGu-02123-00427256-00427479 we could tell what is their constituents
fwzlKC2-FGu-02124-00427480-00427679 how much dark matter was there before
fwzlKC2-FGu-02125-00427680-00427918 how many of those stars which were there
fwzlKC2-FGu-02126-00427919-00428159 originally have been slingshot away
fwzlKC2-FGu-02127-00428160-00428495 now those black hole clusters which uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-02128-00428496-00428647 we were discussing before have
fwzlKC2-FGu-02129-00428647-00428855 segregated between most massive
fwzlKC2-FGu-02130-00428856-00429127 in the core and the least matters which
fwzlKC2-FGu-02131-00429128-00429191 move
fwzlKC2-FGu-02132-00429192-00429414 out in the halo these will give a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02133-00429415-00429543 specific signature
fwzlKC2-FGu-02134-00429543-00429870 on to how those uh those stars are slim
fwzlKC2-FGu-02135-00429871-00429927 shot away
fwzlKC2-FGu-02136-00429928-00430070 and in particular it would give
fwzlKC2-FGu-02137-00430071-00430295 information on something which we
fwzlKC2-FGu-02138-00430296-00430543 sent recently to the archive and i guess
fwzlKC2-FGu-02139-00430543-00430679 you're familiar with which are
fwzlKC2-FGu-02140-00430680-00430903 title streams so what we're interested
fwzlKC2-FGu-02141-00430904-00431110 in is what is the behavior
fwzlKC2-FGu-02142-00431112-00431399 of these pockets of primordial black
fwzlKC2-FGu-02143-00431400-00431495 hole clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-02144-00431496-00431727 which move in the halo of our galaxy and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02145-00431728-00431831 from time to time
fwzlKC2-FGu-02146-00431832-00432175 interact graphically of course
fwzlKC2-FGu-02147-00432176-00432399 with title streams you can use title
fwzlKC2-FGu-02148-00432400-00432503 streams if you want
fwzlKC2-FGu-02149-00432504-00432903 as a target for this black hole clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-02150-00432904-00433159 as as they move leave gaps in the title
fwzlKC2-FGu-02151-00433160-00433247 strings
fwzlKC2-FGu-02152-00433247-00433431 so by looking at the distribution of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02153-00433432-00433583 gaps of the distribution
fwzlKC2-FGu-02154-00433584-00433863 of fluctuations in the tidal streams one
fwzlKC2-FGu-02155-00433864-00433918 could
fwzlKC2-FGu-02156-00433919-00434199 be able to infer the distribution of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02157-00434200-00434263 masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-02158-00434264-00434535 of those black hole clusters and this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02159-00434535-00434647 recently with the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02160-00434647-00434887 francesco montanari we sent to muslim
fwzlKC2-FGu-02161-00434888-00435014 artists it's not yet
fwzlKC2-FGu-02162-00435015-00435335 accepted a paper where we claim one
fwzlKC2-FGu-02163-00435335-00435543 could through title streams be able to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02164-00435543-00435631 look at the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02165-00435632-00435855 small scale structure in our halos and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02166-00435856-00436031 this would differ very strongly
fwzlKC2-FGu-02167-00436032-00436399 from a usual particle dark matter a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02168-00436400-00436591 mass construction or a small natural
fwzlKC2-FGu-02169-00436592-00436718 structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-02170-00436719-00436863 because unless you have accents for
fwzlKC2-FGu-02171-00436864-00437063 instance with mini clusters at 10
fwzlKC2-FGu-02172-00437064-00437343 minus 10 solar masses or so most of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02173-00437343-00437407 a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02174-00437408-00437599 dark matter would condense on scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-02175-00437600-00437759 which are well below
fwzlKC2-FGu-02176-00437760-00438063 the resolution scale of both the tile
fwzlKC2-FGu-02177-00438064-00438303 streams or the gravitational density
fwzlKC2-FGu-02178-00438304-00438631 so here you have again a new realm of uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-02179-00438632-00438887 observations which could be probed uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-02180-00438888-00439143 with with the with the future service
fwzlKC2-FGu-02181-00439143-00439414 so how is this small scale the natural
fwzlKC2-FGu-02182-00439415-00439510 structure
fwzlKC2-FGu-02183-00439512-00439847 of orbiters around our galaxy and other
fwzlKC2-FGu-02184-00439847-00439918 galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-02185-00439919-00440151 they behave what is their dynamical
fwzlKC2-FGu-02186-00440152-00440366 emotion and how do they
fwzlKC2-FGu-02187-00440367-00440559 affect the tidal streams and any other
fwzlKC2-FGu-02188-00440560-00440743 substructure how in general would they
fwzlKC2-FGu-02189-00440743-00440791 affect
fwzlKC2-FGu-02190-00440792-00441063 the structure and they and the profiles
fwzlKC2-FGu-02191-00441064-00441295 the density profiles inside those
fwzlKC2-FGu-02192-00441296-00441631 galaxies so respect to density profiles
fwzlKC2-FGu-02193-00441632-00441775 that was not your question but i can
fwzlKC2-FGu-02194-00441776-00441935 answer because
fwzlKC2-FGu-02195-00441935-00442151 uh the difference with that to particle
fwzlKC2-FGu-02196-00442152-00442391 dark matter is as we know from the usual
fwzlKC2-FGu-02197-00442392-00442543 navarro from white
fwzlKC2-FGu-02198-00442543-00442799 and other professors said they typically
fwzlKC2-FGu-02199-00442800-00442847 cusp
fwzlKC2-FGu-02200-00442847-00443047 towards the center because small
fwzlKC2-FGu-02201-00443047-00443214 particles since they have very little
fwzlKC2-FGu-02202-00443215-00443303 cross-sections
fwzlKC2-FGu-02203-00443304-00443470 they can concentrate around the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02204-00443471-00443614 potential well so they can go to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02205-00443615-00443687 center
fwzlKC2-FGu-02206-00443688-00443847 and concentrate there now in the case of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02207-00443847-00444031 black hole that doesn't happen because
fwzlKC2-FGu-02208-00444032-00444351 black holes those in clusters or in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02209-00444352-00444614 in the evaporated from those clusters in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02210-00444615-00444703 the halo
fwzlKC2-FGu-02211-00444704-00445014 they will have a minimum size so they
fwzlKC2-FGu-02212-00445015-00445166 will scatter off each other they are
fwzlKC2-FGu-02213-00445167-00445327 compact sources they're like billiard
fwzlKC2-FGu-02214-00445328-00445375 balls
fwzlKC2-FGu-02215-00445376-00445583 right really so you would have at the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02216-00445584-00445710 center of a galaxy
fwzlKC2-FGu-02217-00445712-00445966 a black hole just like you see in this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02218-00445967-00446143 distribution so this would be a super
fwzlKC2-FGu-02219-00446143-00446279 massive black hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-02220-00446280-00446591 this black hole would have a halos of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02221-00446592-00446822 these black hole clusters orbiting
fwzlKC2-FGu-02222-00446823-00447031 around some would disgrace some would
fwzlKC2-FGu-02223-00447032-00447127 break up
fwzlKC2-FGu-02224-00447128-00447295 and these black holes as they orbit
fwzlKC2-FGu-02225-00447296-00447447 around they hit each other
fwzlKC2-FGu-02226-00447447-00447647 that means that they leave a hole the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02227-00447647-00447775 distribution of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02228-00447776-00448022 dark matter in the center of all hailers
fwzlKC2-FGu-02229-00448023-00448143 has a form of a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02230-00448143-00448303 delta function a super massive black
fwzlKC2-FGu-02231-00448304-00448503 hole and a distribution which rises to a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02232-00448504-00448559 maximum
fwzlKC2-FGu-02233-00448560-00448703 and then decreases like one over n
fwzlKC2-FGu-02234-00448704-00448863 squared in density
fwzlKC2-FGu-02235-00448864-00449183 so instead of being a caspy or
fwzlKC2-FGu-02236-00449184-00449407 a nasty profile or thermal which is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02237-00449408-00449503 flat core
fwzlKC2-FGu-02238-00449504-00449791 actually decreases towards the center
fwzlKC2-FGu-02239-00449792-00449855 you have
fwzlKC2-FGu-02240-00449856-00450143 less dark matter inside it's like as we
fwzlKC2-FGu-02241-00450143-00450247 observed there are less
fwzlKC2-FGu-02242-00450247-00450599 stars in near the center of our galaxy
fwzlKC2-FGu-02243-00450600-00450807 these black holes behave in a similar
fwzlKC2-FGu-02244-00450808-00450943 way they are being
fwzlKC2-FGu-02245-00450943-00451159 moved around and and leave a hole at the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02246-00451160-00451327 center of these halos
fwzlKC2-FGu-02247-00451328-00451551 so we have a specific prediction for the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02248-00451552-00451679 density profile
fwzlKC2-FGu-02249-00451680-00451959 of not just our galaxy but other smaller
fwzlKC2-FGu-02250-00451960-00452031 galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-02251-00452032-00452239 which should have this the shape with
fwzlKC2-FGu-02252-00452239-00452414 the maximum at intermediate scales
fwzlKC2-FGu-02253-00452415-00452607 and this interestingly enough has been
fwzlKC2-FGu-02254-00452608-00452814 observed recently in some dwarf
fwzlKC2-FGu-02255-00452815-00452991 especially
fwzlKC2-FGu-02256-00452992-00453231 so i think this as i said i was just
fwzlKC2-FGu-02257-00453232-00453335 scratching in my
fwzlKC2-FGu-02258-00453335-00453575 lecture the the tremendously rich
fwzlKC2-FGu-02259-00453576-00453670 phenomenology
fwzlKC2-FGu-02260-00453671-00453822 in logical structure any particle
fwzlKC2-FGu-02261-00453823-00453975 physics that
fwzlKC2-FGu-02262-00453976-00454222 arises from this scenario but this is
fwzlKC2-FGu-02263-00454223-00454399 one aspect
fwzlKC2-FGu-02264-00454400-00454735 thank you okay thanks one we have two
fwzlKC2-FGu-02265-00454735-00454935 two other questions one is from al
fwzlKC2-FGu-02266-00454935-00455199 modena prieta i think
fwzlKC2-FGu-02267-00455200-00455814 are you there
fwzlKC2-FGu-02268-00455815-00456183 no then i don't see her
fwzlKC2-FGu-02269-00456184-00456583 it was in the chat okay okay and then
fwzlKC2-FGu-02270-00456584-00457055 uh nacho trujillo nacho
fwzlKC2-FGu-02271-00457056-00457375 no um a very nice talk
fwzlKC2-FGu-02272-00457376-00457591 everybody has said so i had two
fwzlKC2-FGu-02273-00457592-00457791 questions the very first one was already
fwzlKC2-FGu-02274-00457792-00457855 answered
fwzlKC2-FGu-02275-00457856-00458127 i mean it was rise by david so i'm not
fwzlKC2-FGu-02276-00458128-00458270 gonna ask the same
fwzlKC2-FGu-02277-00458271-00458431 so my second question is when you say
fwzlKC2-FGu-02278-00458432-00458614 that the primordial black hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-02279-00458616-00458743 [Music]
fwzlKC2-FGu-02280-00458743-00459031 can change the paradigm of that matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-02281-00459032-00459199 you're assuming that the amount of that
fwzlKC2-FGu-02282-00459200-00459270 matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-02283-00459271-00459527 in the primordial black hole is enough
fwzlKC2-FGu-02284-00459528-00459575 to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02285-00459576-00459927 fully rule out the scenario of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02286-00459928-00460175 dark matter as also particles for
fwzlKC2-FGu-02287-00460176-00460255 example
fwzlKC2-FGu-02288-00460256-00460431 and you make any kind of prediction that
fwzlKC2-FGu-02289-00460432-00460551 [Music]
fwzlKC2-FGu-02290-00460552-00460743 you know the total amount of that mother
fwzlKC2-FGu-02291-00460743-00460943 is in the form of primordial black hole
fwzlKC2-FGu-02292-00460943-00461118 or do we have any room
fwzlKC2-FGu-02293-00461119-00461375 for having extra dark matter in other
fwzlKC2-FGu-02294-00461376-00461622 let's say components like particles
fwzlKC2-FGu-02295-00461623-00461927 excellent question again so indeed this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02296-00461928-00462118 scenario gives you a mechanism for
fwzlKC2-FGu-02297-00462119-00462231 generating those
fwzlKC2-FGu-02298-00462232-00462399 primordial black holes which naturally
fwzlKC2-FGu-02299-00462400-00462503 constitute dark matter they're
fwzlKC2-FGu-02300-00462504-00462670 collisionless
fwzlKC2-FGu-02301-00462671-00462966 and they dilute like matter now that
fwzlKC2-FGu-02302-00462967-00463063 doesn't preclude
fwzlKC2-FGu-02303-00463064-00463279 the existence of particle dark matter it
fwzlKC2-FGu-02304-00463280-00463447 only means that you would have to share
fwzlKC2-FGu-02305-00463447-00463743 a certain fracture with it now the issue
fwzlKC2-FGu-02306-00463743-00463822 of whether
fwzlKC2-FGu-02307-00463823-00463943 these black holes that have been
fwzlKC2-FGu-02308-00463943-00464110 observed by ligo actually comprise all
fwzlKC2-FGu-02309-00464112-00464199 of the dark matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-02310-00464200-00464470 it's not resolved okay for the moment we
fwzlKC2-FGu-02311-00464471-00464591 don't know
fwzlKC2-FGu-02312-00464592-00464943 i'm sorry whether this is 100 or only
fwzlKC2-FGu-02313-00464943-00465247 70 of all of the dark matter now it is
fwzlKC2-FGu-02314-00465247-00465335 true that like
fwzlKC2-FGu-02315-00465335-00465583 we have different components of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02316-00465584-00465663 radiation
fwzlKC2-FGu-02317-00465664-00465839 neutrinos and so on and they don't
fwzlKC2-FGu-02318-00465839-00465975 they're not so different and they're
fwzlKC2-FGu-02319-00465976-00466318 about 100 in species per per cubic
fwzlKC2-FGu-02320-00466319-00466422 centimeter
fwzlKC2-FGu-02321-00466423-00466695 a same thing could happen with a dark
fwzlKC2-FGu-02322-00466696-00466863 matter they could be comprised of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02323-00466864-00466966 different components
fwzlKC2-FGu-02324-00466967-00467295 with similar abundances and all evolving
fwzlKC2-FGu-02325-00467296-00467687 diluting with the volume now
fwzlKC2-FGu-02326-00467688-00467847 it is true that eventually we should
fwzlKC2-FGu-02327-00467847-00468014 know because
fwzlKC2-FGu-02328-00468015-00468270 uh the rate of events that we observe in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02329-00468271-00468375 ligo and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02330-00468376-00468647 the actual abundance of a dark matter in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02331-00468647-00468791 the hail of our galaxies
fwzlKC2-FGu-02332-00468792-00468975 should be measured with eventually with
fwzlKC2-FGu-02333-00468976-00469247 microlensing surveys and with these
fwzlKC2-FGu-02334-00469247-00469447 tidal streams and other symmetrical
fwzlKC2-FGu-02335-00469447-00469583 structure probes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02336-00469584-00469814 so i claim that within a decade or so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02337-00469815-00469983 with a tremendous enhancement
fwzlKC2-FGu-02338-00469984-00470175 you know sensitivity on small scales to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02339-00470176-00470399 probe both in gravitational lensing
fwzlKC2-FGu-02340-00470400-00470703 and a dynamic of motions in the halos of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02341-00470704-00470822 our galaxies and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02342-00470823-00471022 clusters of galaxies we should be able
fwzlKC2-FGu-02343-00471023-00471175 to to see
fwzlKC2-FGu-02344-00471176-00471351 these structures so we should be able to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02345-00471352-00471543 see the clusters of black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02346-00471543-00471799 and evaluate how abundant they are
fwzlKC2-FGu-02347-00471800-00471903 abundance
fwzlKC2-FGu-02348-00471904-00472231 and masses and uh and therefore rates of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02349-00472232-00472431 events so there will be a moment where
fwzlKC2-FGu-02350-00472432-00472663 the the information from many different
fwzlKC2-FGu-02351-00472664-00472759 sites no
fwzlKC2-FGu-02352-00472760-00473070 uh in light from micronesian
fwzlKC2-FGu-02353-00473071-00473566 surveys in radio from
fwzlKC2-FGu-02354-00473567-00473879 their effect on on the radiation that
fwzlKC2-FGu-02355-00473880-00473935 comes from
fwzlKC2-FGu-02356-00473935-00474159 the molecular clouds which also hide
fwzlKC2-FGu-02357-00474160-00474318 black holes by the way primordial
fwzlKC2-FGu-02358-00474319-00474655 holes in in x-rays from gammas
fwzlKC2-FGu-02359-00474656-00474935 from the gas that falls onto onto these
fwzlKC2-FGu-02360-00474935-00475014 black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02361-00475015-00475183 both in the early universe before
fwzlKC2-FGu-02362-00475184-00475407 recombination giving rise to spectral
fwzlKC2-FGu-02363-00475408-00475551 distortions of the cmb
fwzlKC2-FGu-02364-00475552-00475703 something which i didn't mention and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02365-00475704-00475879 it's another signature which
fwzlKC2-FGu-02366-00475880-00476127 would give you an independent a liver
fwzlKC2-FGu-02367-00476128-00476255 arm on the abundance
fwzlKC2-FGu-02368-00476256-00476583 so we should know according to their
fwzlKC2-FGu-02369-00476584-00476831 spectral distortions how big other
fwzlKC2-FGu-02370-00476832-00476959 spectral distortions since they were
fwzlKC2-FGu-02371-00476960-00477135 there before recombination
fwzlKC2-FGu-02372-00477135-00477295 the inevitably they would inject energy
fwzlKC2-FGu-02373-00477296-00477479 into the plasma and therefore modify the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02374-00477480-00477679 high tails and high-frequency tails
fwzlKC2-FGu-02375-00477680-00478014 of the of the cmp planting spectrum so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02376-00478015-00478175 by looking at different many different
fwzlKC2-FGu-02377-00478176-00478327 angles this is why i said this was a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02378-00478328-00478687 multi-scale multi-epoca multi
fwzlKC2-FGu-02379-00478688-00479014 probe a problem we should be able to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02380-00479015-00479255 finally uh decide whether it is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02381-00479256-00479399 hundred percent of all the dark matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-02382-00479400-00479527 or not
fwzlKC2-FGu-02383-00479528-00479735 another issue is what happens with dark
fwzlKC2-FGu-02384-00479735-00479839 matter around
fwzlKC2-FGu-02385-00479839-00480095 these black holes if they are there a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02386-00480096-00480166 dark matter
fwzlKC2-FGu-02387-00480167-00480495 tends to a condensed around those black
fwzlKC2-FGu-02388-00480496-00480559 holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02389-00480560-00480727 so once we are convinced that they are
fwzlKC2-FGu-02390-00480728-00480991 there for instance imagine that we
fwzlKC2-FGu-02391-00480992-00481222 in the near future we detect below solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-02392-00481223-00481407 mass plot holes they cannot be
fwzlKC2-FGu-02393-00481408-00481670 stellar because of the power exclusion
fwzlKC2-FGu-02394-00481671-00481895 principle or channel secret mass limit
fwzlKC2-FGu-02395-00481896-00482095 and therefore we confirmed that they are
fwzlKC2-FGu-02396-00482096-00482207 primordial that means that they were
fwzlKC2-FGu-02397-00482208-00482262 there
fwzlKC2-FGu-02398-00482263-00482503 uh before recombination and they should
fwzlKC2-FGu-02399-00482504-00482614 have acted
fwzlKC2-FGu-02400-00482615-00482935 as a aggregates of gas so they should
fwzlKC2-FGu-02401-00482935-00482991 have
fwzlKC2-FGu-02402-00482992-00483231 added they should have grown or they
fwzlKC2-FGu-02403-00483232-00483335 should have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02404-00483335-00483551 also moved them in the mass spectrum and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02405-00483552-00483743 they they also would have
fwzlKC2-FGu-02406-00483743-00484183 gained a a contribution
fwzlKC2-FGu-02407-00484184-00484599 gammas and another so we would have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02408-00484600-00484855 it would also capture a dark matter it
fwzlKC2-FGu-02409-00484856-00484918 would eat
fwzlKC2-FGu-02410-00484919-00485166 up part of the dark map in in the form
fwzlKC2-FGu-02411-00485167-00485343 of particles so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02412-00485343-00485631 there is a there is there are several
fwzlKC2-FGu-02413-00485632-00485687 avenues
fwzlKC2-FGu-02414-00485688-00486014 by which we might reach the conclusion
fwzlKC2-FGu-02415-00486015-00486183 that those black holes are all of the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02416-00486184-00486383 dark matter um
fwzlKC2-FGu-02417-00486384-00486687 the the concluding aspect i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02418-00486688-00486983 would say being really conclusive it
fwzlKC2-FGu-02419-00486984-00487087 would mean that
fwzlKC2-FGu-02420-00487088-00487535 a we rule out a any sensible candidates
fwzlKC2-FGu-02421-00487535-00488007 of particle dark matter from say axioms
fwzlKC2-FGu-02422-00488008-00488407 farsi wimps etc
fwzlKC2-FGu-02423-00488408-00488727 by direct observation through other
fwzlKC2-FGu-02424-00488728-00488807 experiments or
fwzlKC2-FGu-02425-00488808-00489166 experiments or a we end up filling up
fwzlKC2-FGu-02426-00489167-00489414 the whole the um contribution of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02427-00489415-00489614 primordial holes to the total
fwzlKC2-FGu-02428-00489615-00489959 so either case uh we we should know
fwzlKC2-FGu-02429-00489960-00490168 what fraction of all the grammar
fwzlKC2-FGu-02430-00490170-00491062 [Music]
fwzlKC2-FGu-02431-00491063-00491375 okay i think there was
fwzlKC2-FGu-02432-00491376-00491639 another question by chema chem i feel if
fwzlKC2-FGu-02433-00491639-00491814 it is a short one go ahead
fwzlKC2-FGu-02434-00491815-00492127 in other case all right thanks my
fwzlKC2-FGu-02435-00492128-00492303 question will be short but i'm not sure
fwzlKC2-FGu-02436-00492304-00492479 when sanskrit will be sorry
fwzlKC2-FGu-02437-00492480-00492679 probably not well i was thought that i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02438-00492680-00492895 could go on forever so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02439-00492896-00493214 i'm following the advice really quick uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-02440-00493215-00493391 if i understood correctly these uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-02441-00493392-00493575 intermediate mass black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02442-00493576-00493855 they would be there no they would be on
fwzlKC2-FGu-02443-00493856-00494103 the cluster type
fwzlKC2-FGu-02444-00494104-00494318 so in this case in this case have you
fwzlKC2-FGu-02445-00494319-00494462 looked at or do you know i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02446-00494463-00494783 i'm not aware of um simulations for
fwzlKC2-FGu-02447-00494784-00494935 instance at high receive
fwzlKC2-FGu-02448-00494935-00495062 because i would imagine this would
fwzlKC2-FGu-02449-00495063-00495279 suppress the formation of uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-02450-00495280-00495607 quasars and high receive and then it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-02451-00495608-00495822 very interesting
fwzlKC2-FGu-02452-00495823-00495999 okay sorry to jump in because i i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02453-00496000-00496159 basically uh
fwzlKC2-FGu-02454-00496160-00496479 wanted to point out so these clusters a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02455-00496480-00496647 when they encounter the main difference
fwzlKC2-FGu-02456-00496647-00496799 in their dynamics would be
fwzlKC2-FGu-02457-00496800-00496983 what is their environment okay imagine
fwzlKC2-FGu-02458-00496984-00497118 that you are in the hail of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02459-00497119-00497447 it of far away from any dense
fwzlKC2-FGu-02460-00497447-00497662 gaseous environment then they still
fwzlKC2-FGu-02461-00497663-00497799 behave like clusters
fwzlKC2-FGu-02462-00497800-00497975 okay that means black holes orbiting
fwzlKC2-FGu-02463-00497976-00498127 around each other now if they are
fwzlKC2-FGu-02464-00498128-00498199 intense
fwzlKC2-FGu-02465-00498200-00498527 in constantly high
fwzlKC2-FGu-02466-00498528-00498727 so a lot of hydrogen like less molecular
fwzlKC2-FGu-02467-00498728-00498870 clouds typically
fwzlKC2-FGu-02468-00498871-00499135 the motion of these black holes would
fwzlKC2-FGu-02469-00499135-00499287 encounter a friction
fwzlKC2-FGu-02470-00499288-00499487 because of this gas and there are
fwzlKC2-FGu-02471-00499488-00499647 simulations already of this now
fwzlKC2-FGu-02472-00499647-00499799 and typically what you have is rather
fwzlKC2-FGu-02473-00499800-00499918 than being orbiting around the central
fwzlKC2-FGu-02474-00499919-00500047 black hole in the cluster they would
fwzlKC2-FGu-02475-00500047-00500159 just simply plunge in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02476-00500160-00500351 so what you have is very soon within a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02477-00500352-00500470 few hundred million years
fwzlKC2-FGu-02478-00500471-00500622 those black holes which are forming the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02479-00500623-00500783 cluster typically a class of 10 to the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02480-00500784-00500927 five solar masses with a central block
fwzlKC2-FGu-02481-00500928-00501039 hole of 103
fwzlKC2-FGu-02482-00501039-00501295 all of those black holes would form a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02483-00501296-00501447 very big massive 10 to the five solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-02484-00501447-00501591 mass black hole at the center
fwzlKC2-FGu-02485-00501592-00501718 and this is the black hole the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02486-00501719-00501887 intermediate mass black holes of 10 to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02487-00501888-00501991 the fire solar masses that have been
fwzlKC2-FGu-02488-00501992-00502143 observed by the way already inside
fwzlKC2-FGu-02489-00502143-00502366 this molecular clouds which read it in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02490-00502367-00502470 x-rays and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02491-00502471-00502727 through decays no they go up to radio so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02492-00502728-00502799 they shine
fwzlKC2-FGu-02493-00502800-00503007 in in x-rays and radio and there was the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02494-00503008-00503118 claim that this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02495-00503119-00503351 uh this radiation coming in radiant and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02496-00503352-00503543 actually came from the evolution of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02497-00503543-00503614 these
fwzlKC2-FGu-02498-00503615-00503814 black holes the intermediate master host
fwzlKC2-FGu-02499-00503815-00503959 from being smaller to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02500-00503960-00504183 to the level of 10 to 5 or so solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-02501-00504184-00504279 that happens here
fwzlKC2-FGu-02502-00504280-00504527 so these depending on the environment
fwzlKC2-FGu-02503-00504528-00504583 again
fwzlKC2-FGu-02504-00504584-00504799 uh the dynamics of black holes would be
fwzlKC2-FGu-02505-00504800-00504910 very different and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02506-00504912-00505175 i envision that irrespective of this 10
fwzlKC2-FGu-02507-00505176-00505310 to 6 solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-02508-00505312-00505518 black holes which directly act as seeds
fwzlKC2-FGu-02509-00505519-00505670 for the attrition disks
fwzlKC2-FGu-02510-00505671-00505831 around which quasars would form and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02511-00505832-00506039 galaxies would form later on
fwzlKC2-FGu-02512-00506039-00506270 also clusters of black holes of 10 25
fwzlKC2-FGu-02513-00506271-00506366 solar masses
fwzlKC2-FGu-02514-00506367-00506559 would also in dense environments would
fwzlKC2-FGu-02515-00506560-00506735 be seeds for
fwzlKC2-FGu-02516-00506735-00506887 a for these supermassive black
fwzlKC2-FGu-02517-00506888-00507039 blackheads rather than
fwzlKC2-FGu-02518-00507039-00507207 quenching questions which is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02519-00507208-00507351 phenomenon that happens much later
fwzlKC2-FGu-02520-00507352-00507647 this would be the seeds for quasars they
fwzlKC2-FGu-02521-00507647-00507807 would actually be the seeds
fwzlKC2-FGu-02522-00507808-00508055 because a dynamic revolution in in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02523-00508056-00508262 gaseous environments is much faster
fwzlKC2-FGu-02524-00508263-00508495 than than you have in in black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02525-00508496-00508599 which are orbiting
fwzlKC2-FGu-02526-00508600-00508903 in vacuum very good thanks
fwzlKC2-FGu-02527-00508904-00509231 okay okay juan thanks a lot i mean
fwzlKC2-FGu-02528-00509232-00509535 i let me just finish yes insisting on
fwzlKC2-FGu-02529-00509535-00509727 and hoping that we'll have you here
fwzlKC2-FGu-02530-00509728-00509870 visiting our institute
fwzlKC2-FGu-02531-00509871-00510070 looking forward this year and just a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02532-00510071-00510239 very very short question you mentioned
fwzlKC2-FGu-02533-00510239-00510366 that hopefully
fwzlKC2-FGu-02534-00510367-00510631 when you come here let's say in summer
fwzlKC2-FGu-02535-00510632-00510670 okay
fwzlKC2-FGu-02536-00510671-00510879 there will be many new things coming in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02537-00510880-00510975 this field
fwzlKC2-FGu-02538-00510976-00511231 which are the discoveries you think will
fwzlKC2-FGu-02539-00511232-00511407 be coming in the next few months
fwzlKC2-FGu-02540-00511408-00511695 very good okay i know that the i'm not a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02541-00511696-00511862 member of lego virgo yet
fwzlKC2-FGu-02542-00511863-00512047 i have applied to become member of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02543-00512047-00512199 ireland but
fwzlKC2-FGu-02544-00512200-00512518 i expect a the second part of the third
fwzlKC2-FGu-02545-00512519-00512647 catalogue
fwzlKC2-FGu-02546-00512647-00512935 this round three b which contains
fwzlKC2-FGu-02547-00512935-00513095 another 50
fwzlKC2-FGu-02548-00513096-00513455 events this will have sorry another
fwzlKC2-FGu-02549-00513456-00513791 30 or so 50 is the amount of black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02550-00513792-00514022 it would give us more information on to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02551-00514023-00514110 this a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02552-00514112-00514366 mass distribution of platforms and this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02553-00514367-00514447 these new
fwzlKC2-FGu-02554-00514447-00514775 events i know of some which have
fwzlKC2-FGu-02555-00514776-00515055 a significantly low mass ratios so in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02556-00515056-00515222 terms of one in 100
fwzlKC2-FGu-02557-00515223-00515439 and therefore opens the possibility
fwzlKC2-FGu-02558-00515439-00515647 which i didn't have time to go and i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02559-00515647-00515847 i take the advantage uh following
fwzlKC2-FGu-02560-00515847-00516007 chima's the comment
fwzlKC2-FGu-02561-00516008-00516407 that i expand my answer um infinitely
fwzlKC2-FGu-02562-00516408-00516718 of course not infinitely
fwzlKC2-FGu-02563-00516719-00516966 to to describe uh what happens when we
fwzlKC2-FGu-02564-00516967-00517022 have
fwzlKC2-FGu-02565-00517023-00517247 a large mass ratio so imagine that now
fwzlKC2-FGu-02566-00517247-00517383 we're allowed to see
fwzlKC2-FGu-02567-00517384-00517655 and we are sensitive to a boundaries
fwzlKC2-FGu-02568-00517656-00517703 that have
fwzlKC2-FGu-02569-00517704-00518070 say a 15 or 20 solar mass and 0.2 solar
fwzlKC2-FGu-02570-00518071-00518310 masses so much ratios of 100
fwzlKC2-FGu-02571-00518312-00518566 then these black holes would tell you
fwzlKC2-FGu-02572-00518567-00518743 that this block of binaries
fwzlKC2-FGu-02573-00518743-00518935 would tell you that its companion is not
fwzlKC2-FGu-02574-00518935-00519166 a star it's a 0.2 solar mass has
fwzlKC2-FGu-02575-00519167-00519470 such a tiny eisen radius that the fiscal
fwzlKC2-FGu-02576-00519471-00519543 frequency
fwzlKC2-FGu-02577-00519543-00519839 the frequency at which those black holes
fwzlKC2-FGu-02578-00519839-00520031 fight each other and merge
fwzlKC2-FGu-02579-00520032-00520359 this fiscal frequency is uh so large
fwzlKC2-FGu-02580-00520360-00520670 in influence that still well within the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02581-00520671-00520879 sensitivity because of the large mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-02582-00520880-00521110 of the of a companion remember we're
fwzlKC2-FGu-02583-00521112-00521366 talking about 20 plus 0.2 22.
fwzlKC2-FGu-02584-00521367-00521639 so we're still in 100 or so hertz yeah
fwzlKC2-FGu-02585-00521639-00521766 for the fiscal so we're
fwzlKC2-FGu-02586-00521767-00522031 inside the sensitivity yeah so we're not
fwzlKC2-FGu-02587-00522032-00522214 in deep in the quantum chart noise
fwzlKC2-FGu-02588-00522215-00522470 however we should be able to see those
fwzlKC2-FGu-02589-00522471-00522655 events and these are high mass ratios so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02590-00522656-00522799 they are in this new island
fwzlKC2-FGu-02591-00522800-00522918 for this we have to have the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02592-00522919-00523070 temperatures and i know at the moment
fwzlKC2-FGu-02593-00523071-00523214 they are generating the tablets for such
fwzlKC2-FGu-02594-00523215-00523295 a small mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-02595-00523296-00523518 ratio so those that were analyzed in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02596-00523519-00523599 round 1 and 2
fwzlKC2-FGu-02597-00523600-00523910 reached a q of one over eighteen that's
fwzlKC2-FGu-02598-00523912-00524022 the smallest
fwzlKC2-FGu-02599-00524023-00524279 now of course we have it to go to one
fwzlKC2-FGu-02600-00524280-00524383 over a hundred
fwzlKC2-FGu-02601-00524384-00524551 so that means a significant amount of
fwzlKC2-FGu-02602-00524552-00524766 parameter space and this has been filled
fwzlKC2-FGu-02603-00524767-00524895 up as we speak
fwzlKC2-FGu-02604-00524896-00525239 and they are already looking into events
fwzlKC2-FGu-02605-00525240-00525535 of that of that nature because the the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02606-00525536-00525670 time stream is there
fwzlKC2-FGu-02607-00525671-00525943 just looking at the possible noise terms
fwzlKC2-FGu-02608-00525944-00525975 and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02609-00525976-00526303 trying to extract a signal from noise so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02610-00526304-00526614 i expect from here to june okay when i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02611-00526615-00526718 visit you or
fwzlKC2-FGu-02612-00526719-00527007 after the summer i do expect to have a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02613-00527008-00527055 events
fwzlKC2-FGu-02614-00527056-00527431 that would have gone below solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-02615-00527432-00527662 a black hole in them this would be a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02616-00527663-00527807 tremendous revolution
fwzlKC2-FGu-02617-00527808-00528151 for for the uh for the whole uh field
fwzlKC2-FGu-02618-00528152-00528375 it's not just uh for dark matter it's
fwzlKC2-FGu-02619-00528376-00528511 it's for the whole field right
fwzlKC2-FGu-02620-00528512-00528695 finding black holes that will form in
fwzlKC2-FGu-02621-00528696-00528903 the early universe with below
fwzlKC2-FGu-02622-00528904-00529047 each other's second limit is a
fwzlKC2-FGu-02623-00529048-00529255 tremendous thing so
fwzlKC2-FGu-02624-00529256-00529607 when this if this is confirmed i heard
fwzlKC2-FGu-02625-00529608-00529887 but this is just rumors don't take this
fwzlKC2-FGu-02626-00529888-00529927 i
fwzlKC2-FGu-02627-00529928-00530255 guess this is a being recorded a so i'm
fwzlKC2-FGu-02628-00530256-00530383 very cautious
fwzlKC2-FGu-02629-00530384-00530775 and there are rumors of below solar mass
fwzlKC2-FGu-02630-00530776-00531166 events but i i have not seen those
fwzlKC2-FGu-02631-00531167-00531503 i can't claim them yet very good one
fwzlKC2-FGu-02632-00531504-00531679 but looking forward to that yeah we'll
fwzlKC2-FGu-02633-00531680-00531807 be looking forward to it
fwzlKC2-FGu-02634-00531808-00532127 okay bye bye thanks a lot and thanks to
fwzlKC2-FGu-02635-00532128-00532231 all the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02636-00532232-00532503 attendees to the today thank you thank
fwzlKC2-FGu-02637-00532504-00532655 you very much and sean for the
fwzlKC2-FGu-02638-00532656-00532855 for the invitation it was a pleasure and
fwzlKC2-FGu-02639-00532856-00533031 also a pleasure for us okay hope to see
fwzlKC2-FGu-02640-00533032-00533095 you soon
fwzlKC2-FGu-02641-00533096-00533511 hope to see you soon stay
fwzlKC2-FGu-02642-00533512-00533883 thank you safe bye-bye i hope to see you
fwzlKC2-FGu-02643-00533884-00534184 soon
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00000-00000008-00000191 on my first day as a teacher i joined
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00001-00000192-00000447 the tucson education association by the
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00002-00000448-00000647 end of my first year
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00003-00000648-00000831 i was bringing food to my classroom
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00004-00000832-00001007 because my students were hungry they
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00005-00001008-00001166 couldn't learn
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00006-00001167-00001374 i bought games books and supplies for my
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00007-00001375-00001495 class
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00008-00001496-00001687 like every other teacher in arizona i
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00009-00001688-00001887 spent my own money to do what the state
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00010-00001888-00002071 refused to do
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00011-00002072-00002350 fund public education
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00012-00002351-00002526 as my school's union rep i spoke with
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00013-00002527-00002750 other teachers and staff in tusd
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00014-00002751-00002966 when i ran for the amphi school board i
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00015-00002967-00003175 spoke with parents teachers and staff on
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00016-00003176-00003479 the campaign trail from catalina
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00017-00003479-00003743 down to central tucson
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00018-00003744-00003927 i met front office workers with more
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00019-00003928-00004191 than a decade of experience making 60
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00020-00004192-00004375 cents more than minimum wage
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00021-00004376-00004583 i talked to a parent of a child with
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00022-00004584-00004838 special needs who tried four schools
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00023-00004839-00004967 before they found a school that could
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00024-00004968-00005175 support their son
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00025-00005176-00005367 walking
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00026-00005368-00005727 i saw inequality and inequity grow
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00027-00005728-00005879 over the years i realized that the
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00028-00005880-00006015 solution couldn't just come from the
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00029-00006016-00006270 classroom one underpaid teacher at a
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00030-00006271-00006367 time
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00031-00006368-00006710 it must come from the state legislature
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00032-00006711-00006878 one teacher cannot ensure that all
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00033-00006879-00007142 workers earn a livable wage one teacher
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00034-00007143-00007287 cannot ensure that all families will
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00035-00007288-00007510 have access to affordable housing
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00036-00007511-00007655 one teacher cannot ensure that all
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00037-00007656-00007846 children have access to health care
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00038-00007847-00008063 three meals a day and affordable higher
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00039-00008064-00008214 education and job training after
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00040-00008215-00008399 graduation
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00041-00008400-00008631 public education isn't the only issue
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00042-00008632-00008871 that must be addressed by our state
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00043-00008872-00009167 climate change is an existential threat
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00044-00009168-00009399 we are facing the most significant water
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00045-00009400-00009671 crisis in our state's history
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00046-00009672-00009903 our democracy and the integrity of our
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00047-00009904-00010174 elections are at stake
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00048-00010175-00010278 and roe
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00049-00010279-00010599 and the right to legal abortion care
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00050-00010600-00010838 are at risk
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00051-00010839-00011159 i've been a pc in ld9 for five years
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00052-00011160-00011414 i've served on the board in ld9 and
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00053-00011415-00011623 recently i served as the first vice
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00054-00011624-00011783 chair of the pima county democratic
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00055-00011784-00011927 party
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00056-00011928-00012078 during that time i've been proud to call
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00057-00012079-00012327 dr freeze my representative he's been an
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00058-00012328-00012559 indispensable advocate for community and
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00059-00012560-00012767 public schools for environmental
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00060-00012768-00012951 protections for healthcare and
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00061-00012952-00013158 affordable housing
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00062-00013159-00013358 we need a democrat who will continue dr
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00063-00013359-00013575 friese's exceptional work
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00064-00013576-00013743 and can stand up for our values in the
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00065-00013744-00013943 house of representatives next session
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00066-00013944-00014255 and who can win next november
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00067-00014256-00014503 i've run a competitive race in the past
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00068-00014504-00014775 i've raised tens of thousands of dollars
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00069-00014776-00014951 for myself and other democratic
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00070-00014952-00015183 candidates i've made thousands of phone
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00071-00015184-00015503 calls and knocked on thousands of doors
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00072-00015504-00015735 i'm ready to step up in january and
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00073-00015736-00015943 advocate for our communities public
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00074-00015944-00016143 schools defend our democratic
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00075-00016144-00016455 institutions fight for our rights
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00076-00016456-00016679 my name is nathan davis and i'm ready to
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00077-00016680-00016911 represent you and rld in the state
fxDw_pCZ7ZY-00078-00016912-00017328 legislature thank you
f-6i19LSoZE-00000-00000000-00000199 this was a worldwide phenomenon if
f-6i19LSoZE-00001-00000200-00000342 you're derek chauvin
f-6i19LSoZE-00002-00000343-00000534 what are you thinking right now i'm
f-6i19LSoZE-00003-00000535-00000782 hoping that people finally realize
f-6i19LSoZE-00004-00000783-00001023 that we have a race problem in america i
f-6i19LSoZE-00005-00001024-00001191 think we'll see a huge shift
f-6i19LSoZE-00006-00001192-00001343 i don't think this would just go away
f-6i19LSoZE-00007-00001344-00001487 you need to be able to dehumanize a
f-6i19LSoZE-00008-00001488-00001614 person in a particular way
f-6i19LSoZE-00009-00001616-00001863 for that to feel like it's okay to do
f-6i19LSoZE-00010-00001864-00002039 why didn't any of the other cops
f-6i19LSoZE-00011-00002039-00002231 that were standing around say anything
f-6i19LSoZE-00012-00002232-00002447 well he had his knee on jordan's neck
f-6i19LSoZE-00013-00002448-00002623 handcuffed him right there this is too
f-6i19LSoZE-00014-00002624-00002775 far you're going to jail
f-6i19LSoZE-00015-00002776-00002966 tonight that's when you see the change
f-6i19LSoZE-00016-00002967-00003142 then the thin blue line
f-6i19LSoZE-00017-00003143-00003399 will get much thinner the murder of
f-6i19LSoZE-00018-00003400-00003503 george floyd
f-6i19LSoZE-00019-00003504-00003806 set off a firestorm of protests riots
f-6i19LSoZE-00020-00003807-00003975 and social action
f-6i19LSoZE-00021-00003976-00004206 in a pandemic environment where people
f-6i19LSoZE-00022-00004207-00004447 were already afraid angry
f-6i19LSoZE-00023-00004448-00004767 and uncertain derek chauvin the police
f-6i19LSoZE-00024-00004768-00004983 officer responsible for george floyd's
f-6i19LSoZE-00025-00004984-00005038 death
f-6i19LSoZE-00026-00005039-00005254 was tried and found guilty on three
f-6i19LSoZE-00027-00005255-00005359 counts
f-6i19LSoZE-00028-00005360-00005591 because this case was historic on so
f-6i19LSoZE-00029-00005592-00005702 many levels
f-6i19LSoZE-00030-00005703-00005902 we pulled together a panel of three
f-6i19LSoZE-00031-00005903-00006047 phenomenal people
f-6i19LSoZE-00032-00006048-00006206 to provide their reactions to the
f-6i19LSoZE-00033-00006207-00006422 verdict walter powell
f-6i19LSoZE-00034-00006423-00006734 a decorated 20-year police officer mimi
f-6i19LSoZE-00035-00006736-00006814 girgis
f-6i19LSoZE-00036-00006815-00007006 the founder and president of papyrus
f-6i19LSoZE-00037-00007008-00007191 media group and former host and
f-6i19LSoZE-00038-00007192-00007391 executive producer of the mimi girga
f-6i19LSoZE-00039-00007392-00007439 show
f-6i19LSoZE-00040-00007440-00007806 which aired on siriusxm radio and pbs
f-6i19LSoZE-00041-00007808-00007998 for over 16 years
f-6i19LSoZE-00042-00008000-00008246 and dr maricela martinez cola an
f-6i19LSoZE-00043-00008247-00008310 attorney
f-6i19LSoZE-00044-00008311-00008551 who became a professor in the areas of
f-6i19LSoZE-00045-00008552-00008614 race
f-6i19LSoZE-00046-00008615-00008887 racism and social movements she is the
f-6i19LSoZE-00047-00008888-00009142 author of the bricks before brown
f-6i19LSoZE-00048-00009143-00009383 which discusses the legal cases leading
f-6i19LSoZE-00049-00009384-00009455 up to
f-6i19LSoZE-00050-00009456-00009863 brown versus board of education in 1954.
f-6i19LSoZE-00051-00009864-00010087 don't miss this incredible discussion
f-6i19LSoZE-00052-00010088-00010278 where we get into police
f-6i19LSoZE-00053-00010279-00010591 legal media social and historical
f-6i19LSoZE-00054-00010592-00010695 perspectives
f-6i19LSoZE-00055-00010696-00011031 on this landmark case welcome
f-6i19LSoZE-00056-00011032-00011644 to the lifeworks podcast
f-6i19LSoZE-00057-00011645-00011999 [Music]
f-6i19LSoZE-00058-00012000-00012191 let's review some facts before we get
f-6i19LSoZE-00059-00012192-00012335 into the questions
f-6i19LSoZE-00060-00012336-00012591 derek chovin was found guilty on three
f-6i19LSoZE-00061-00012592-00012695 counts
f-6i19LSoZE-00062-00012696-00013022 second degree unintentional murder third
f-6i19LSoZE-00063-00013023-00013102 degree
f-6i19LSoZE-00064-00013103-00013486 murder and second degree manslaughter
f-6i19LSoZE-00065-00013487-00013807 now he was found guilty beyond a
f-6i19LSoZE-00066-00013808-00013911 reasonable doubt
f-6i19LSoZE-00067-00013912-00014263 that's the legal standard within about a
f-6i19LSoZE-00068-00014263-00014503 day or so within about 10 or 11 hours
f-6i19LSoZE-00069-00014504-00014807 no questions asked no continuances
f-6i19LSoZE-00070-00014808-00015030 so here's my question for the three of
f-6i19LSoZE-00071-00015031-00015150 you
f-6i19LSoZE-00072-00015151-00015511 given the overwhelming media coverage
f-6i19LSoZE-00073-00015512-00015830 the global outcry the protests
f-6i19LSoZE-00074-00015831-00016127 that ensued and given the threat of
f-6i19LSoZE-00075-00016128-00016311 confrontation
f-6i19LSoZE-00076-00016312-00016663 had he been acquitted my first question
f-6i19LSoZE-00077-00016664-00016750 for you
f-6i19LSoZE-00078-00016751-00017143 is was this verdict
f-6i19LSoZE-00079-00017144-00017447 a foregone conclusion and
f-6i19LSoZE-00080-00017448-00017735 walter we'll start with you i honestly i
f-6i19LSoZE-00081-00017736-00017814 would say yes
f-6i19LSoZE-00082-00017815-00018086 the evidence was you saw the evidence
f-6i19LSoZE-00083-00018087-00018367 before you heard it i i think the trial
f-6i19LSoZE-00084-00018368-00018686 probably confused it for people but if
f-6i19LSoZE-00085-00018687-00018847 you watch the video it's just
f-6i19LSoZE-00086-00018848-00019158 it's very clear what happened you know
f-6i19LSoZE-00087-00019159-00019294 now the question i would think the only
f-6i19LSoZE-00088-00019295-00019527 question my mind came up in court was
f-6i19LSoZE-00089-00019528-00019767 the legal part of it was who else is
f-6i19LSoZE-00090-00019768-00019871 responsible
f-6i19LSoZE-00091-00019872-00020047 was it his training is this the way he
f-6i19LSoZE-00092-00020048-00020175 was taught so
f-6i19LSoZE-00093-00020176-00020414 yeah no no doubt anybody who saw the
f-6i19LSoZE-00094-00020415-00020527 video before
f-6i19LSoZE-00095-00020528-00020894 trial knew that this was uh a bad thing
f-6i19LSoZE-00096-00020895-00021135 yeah how about you marty up until i
f-6i19LSoZE-00097-00021136-00021230 heard it
f-6i19LSoZE-00098-00021231-00021422 wasn't i wasn't convinced it was going
f-6i19LSoZE-00099-00021423-00021655 to happen i had way too many other names
f-6i19LSoZE-00100-00021656-00021758 running through my head
f-6i19LSoZE-00101-00021759-00021991 to make me feel otherwise and myself and
f-6i19LSoZE-00102-00021992-00022150 what's generally called black twitter
f-6i19LSoZE-00103-00022151-00022199 out there
f-6i19LSoZE-00104-00022200-00022375 we're just saying yeah i'll believe it
f-6i19LSoZE-00105-00022376-00022511 when i see it and there was a lot of
f-6i19LSoZE-00106-00022512-00022671 people there like i refused to watch it
f-6i19LSoZE-00107-00022672-00022830 because they just didn't want to have
f-6i19LSoZE-00108-00022831-00023007 didn't want to be heartbroken and so
f-6i19LSoZE-00109-00023008-00023263 yeah i was pretty convinced he wasn't
f-6i19LSoZE-00110-00023264-00023463 going to be found guilty so yeah i don't
f-6i19LSoZE-00111-00023464-00023591 necessarily think it was a four rock
f-6i19LSoZE-00112-00023592-00023622 because
f-6i19LSoZE-00113-00023623-00023830 i think rodney king was a foregone
f-6i19LSoZE-00114-00023831-00024007 conclusion we got it on video
f-6i19LSoZE-00115-00024008-00024230 look at that and there's so many other
f-6i19LSoZE-00116-00024231-00024407 instances where the video came in
f-6i19LSoZE-00117-00024408-00024567 and they're like oh it's obvious nothing
f-6i19LSoZE-00118-00024568-00024719 happened to the police officers
f-6i19LSoZE-00119-00024720-00024927 in place so those names always kept
f-6i19LSoZE-00120-00024928-00025055 running through my head and i was like
f-6i19LSoZE-00121-00025056-00025191 i felt like derek shoving it was going
f-6i19LSoZE-00122-00025192-00025439 to be another one but i do think that
f-6i19LSoZE-00123-00025440-00025567 there has been a shift
f-6i19LSoZE-00124-00025568-00025878 since rodney king which was i guess 30
f-6i19LSoZE-00125-00025879-00026006 years ago or more
f-6i19LSoZE-00126-00026007-00026374 i think in this particular case you had
f-6i19LSoZE-00127-00026375-00026567 you know what's called the blue wall
f-6i19LSoZE-00128-00026568-00026951 right as walter said there's the video
f-6i19LSoZE-00129-00026952-00027190 there's the police saying that this is
f-6i19LSoZE-00130-00027191-00027343 not our training this is not how he
f-6i19LSoZE-00131-00027344-00027455 should have reacted
f-6i19LSoZE-00132-00027456-00027695 and then he had the doctors when they
f-6i19LSoZE-00133-00027695-00027807 come to heart condition
f-6i19LSoZE-00134-00027808-00028111 he had he's drugs so that killed him the
f-6i19LSoZE-00135-00028112-00028214 doctors were all
f-6i19LSoZE-00136-00028216-00028455 saying no what killed him was the knee
f-6i19LSoZE-00137-00028456-00028662 that was on his neck for nine minutes
f-6i19LSoZE-00138-00028663-00028918 so i i wasn't surprised at all i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00139-00028919-00028999 this was
f-6i19LSoZE-00140-00029000-00029318 when i heard the trial and the testimony
f-6i19LSoZE-00141-00029319-00029527 in the trial and this is a watershed and
f-6i19LSoZE-00142-00029527-00029639 i'm i'm glad
f-6i19LSoZE-00143-00029639-00029846 i think a lot of this needs to start
f-6i19LSoZE-00144-00029847-00030007 happening yeah
f-6i19LSoZE-00145-00030008-00030214 so marty i want to lead off with you on
f-6i19LSoZE-00146-00030216-00030423 this one do you think it was possible to
f-6i19LSoZE-00147-00030424-00030518 find a jury
f-6i19LSoZE-00148-00030519-00030846 that didn't already know or formulate an
f-6i19LSoZE-00149-00030847-00031062 opinion about this case before going in
f-6i19LSoZE-00150-00031063-00031207 i think in this time of the pandemic it
f-6i19LSoZE-00151-00031208-00031470 was probably really super hard
f-6i19LSoZE-00152-00031472-00031743 because we're all in our homes or we're
f-6i19LSoZE-00153-00031744-00031902 all stuck to the tv
f-6i19LSoZE-00154-00031903-00032031 i think that it turns out that the
f-6i19LSoZE-00155-00032032-00032223 people that said that they didn't really
f-6i19LSoZE-00156-00032224-00032374 know a lot about it weren't really sort
f-6i19LSoZE-00157-00032375-00032407 of
f-6i19LSoZE-00158-00032408-00032655 social media people because that's where
f-6i19LSoZE-00159-00032656-00032807 a lot of people get their information
f-6i19LSoZE-00160-00032808-00032935 now is through their phones
f-6i19LSoZE-00161-00032936-00033199 and they'll doom scroll through their
f-6i19LSoZE-00162-00033200-00033335 through news feeds and
f-6i19LSoZE-00163-00033336-00033527 facebook and twitter and instagram and
f-6i19LSoZE-00164-00033528-00033718 there's new venues coming out all the
f-6i19LSoZE-00165-00033719-00033935 time podcasts all of that and if that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00166-00033936-00034087 just not their thing and they're not
f-6i19LSoZE-00167-00034088-00034262 huge television watchers i think you
f-6i19LSoZE-00168-00034263-00034390 could have gotten a few people that
f-6i19LSoZE-00169-00034391-00034462 didn't know
f-6i19LSoZE-00170-00034463-00034623 all of the details of it or maybe you
f-6i19LSoZE-00171-00034624-00034823 may have heard of it surprisingly i
f-6i19LSoZE-00172-00034824-00034943 think they could have but there have
f-6i19LSoZE-00173-00034944-00035111 been lots of high profile cases
f-6i19LSoZE-00174-00035112-00035318 that have happened over the time yeah
f-6i19LSoZE-00175-00035319-00035479 walter what do you think about that do
f-6i19LSoZE-00176-00035480-00035623 you think it was possible for them to
f-6i19LSoZE-00177-00035624-00035783 find a jury that
f-6i19LSoZE-00178-00035784-00036071 didn't know about this i think i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00179-00036072-00036255 some people downplayed how much they
f-6i19LSoZE-00180-00036256-00036559 had already been seen and they wanted to
f-6i19LSoZE-00181-00036560-00036662 be part of history
f-6i19LSoZE-00182-00036663-00036807 i agree that there's yeah i don't know
f-6i19LSoZE-00183-00036808-00036911 what the number is because a lot of my
f-6i19LSoZE-00184-00036912-00037007 numbers yeah i
f-6i19LSoZE-00185-00037008-00037190 i think ninety percent of the world have
f-6i19LSoZE-00186-00037191-00037383 these phones and the ten percent don't
f-6i19LSoZE-00187-00037384-00037559 and i don't think they found that ten
f-6i19LSoZE-00188-00037560-00037759 percent i think when the question was
f-6i19LSoZE-00189-00037760-00037911 asked are you convinced or your mind
f-6i19LSoZE-00190-00037912-00037999 made up have you seen
f-6i19LSoZE-00191-00038000-00038167 anything no i haven't cause there's no
f-6i19LSoZE-00192-00038168-00038318 lie detector it's just it's just
f-6i19LSoZE-00193-00038319-00038551 you're you raise your right hand and you
f-6i19LSoZE-00194-00038552-00038735 say no i'm not convinced i'm
f-6i19LSoZE-00195-00038736-00038902 i would be fair and partial i'm sure
f-6i19LSoZE-00196-00038903-00039055 some of the people on the on the jury
f-6i19LSoZE-00197-00039056-00039118 were
f-6i19LSoZE-00198-00039119-00039383 just that wanted to be there yeah that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00199-00039384-00039518 just my thought
f-6i19LSoZE-00200-00039519-00039727 because you're right everybody saw that
f-6i19LSoZE-00201-00039728-00039862 everybody knew
f-6i19LSoZE-00202-00039863-00040062 yeah mimi wouldn't know if you didn't
f-6i19LSoZE-00203-00040063-00040207 see it yeah no i agree with that
f-6i19LSoZE-00204-00040208-00040439 this was a worldwide phenomenon i
f-6i19LSoZE-00205-00040440-00040646 followed the arabic language media
f-6i19LSoZE-00206-00040647-00040862 and they were talking about george floyd
f-6i19LSoZE-00207-00040863-00040999 and
f-6i19LSoZE-00208-00041000-00041335 protests after and how african americans
f-6i19LSoZE-00209-00041336-00041558 are treated by police so
f-6i19LSoZE-00210-00041559-00041662 yeah i'm saying that's definitely
f-6i19LSoZE-00211-00041663-00041887 clarified i'm sorry i'm not saying that
f-6i19LSoZE-00212-00041888-00042111 all the jury but i think that there
f-6i19LSoZE-00213-00042112-00042271 would have been a few people
f-6i19LSoZE-00214-00042272-00042383 they were able to get but yeah no
f-6i19LSoZE-00215-00042384-00042567 there's no way the entire jury could
f-6i19LSoZE-00216-00042568-00042679 have been untouched
f-6i19LSoZE-00217-00042680-00043046 so mimi what if this wasn't caught on
f-6i19LSoZE-00218-00043047-00043102 camera
f-6i19LSoZE-00219-00043103-00043230 do you think the outcome would be
f-6i19LSoZE-00220-00043231-00043487 different a simple answer to that
f-6i19LSoZE-00221-00043488-00043758 yes yeah the only reason we've got to
f-6i19LSoZE-00222-00043759-00043911 see change now
f-6i19LSoZE-00223-00043912-00044095 is not because people are realizing
f-6i19LSoZE-00224-00044096-00044262 we've really police really treat
f-6i19LSoZE-00225-00044263-00044599 african-americans badly or hispanics
f-6i19LSoZE-00226-00044600-00044790 no it's because they're seeing it you
f-6i19LSoZE-00227-00044791-00045007 remember eric gardner
f-6i19LSoZE-00228-00045008-00045295 trayvon martin there's no video for that
f-6i19LSoZE-00229-00045296-00045343 so it's
f-6i19LSoZE-00230-00045344-00045646 he threatened the officer and he it
f-6i19LSoZE-00231-00045647-00045790 looked like he was going for a gun
f-6i19LSoZE-00232-00045791-00046007 and in the heat of the moment the
f-6i19LSoZE-00233-00046008-00046174 officer had to react
f-6i19LSoZE-00234-00046175-00046439 and that's reasonable well that's the
f-6i19LSoZE-00235-00046440-00046495 reasonable
f-6i19LSoZE-00236-00046496-00046839 look police have an extremely
f-6i19LSoZE-00237-00046840-00047151 hard job it's very it's life and death i
f-6i19LSoZE-00238-00047152-00047295 wouldn't want to do it i honor that i
f-6i19LSoZE-00239-00047296-00047446 respect that you hear about the first
f-6i19LSoZE-00240-00047447-00047535 one and it's
f-6i19LSoZE-00241-00047536-00047790 oh yeah yeah maybe he just overreacted
f-6i19LSoZE-00242-00047791-00047967 second one
f-6i19LSoZE-00243-00047968-00048190 maybe that cop's a little racist third
f-6i19LSoZE-00244-00048191-00048383 one wait what's going on here
f-6i19LSoZE-00245-00048384-00048615 fourth one okay this is ridiculous for
f-6i19LSoZE-00246-00048616-00048743 me it was just the
f-6i19LSoZE-00247-00048744-00049095 overwhelming one after the other unarmed
f-6i19LSoZE-00248-00049096-00049374 and it's and i think finally this one
f-6i19LSoZE-00249-00049375-00049446 you've got
f-6i19LSoZE-00250-00049447-00049783 a 10 minute video showing
f-6i19LSoZE-00251-00049784-00050030 everything happened showing you know
f-6i19LSoZE-00252-00050031-00050207 what mr floyd was saying
f-6i19LSoZE-00253-00050208-00050374 showing what derek chovin did showing
f-6i19LSoZE-00254-00050375-00050543 the other standing around
f-6i19LSoZE-00255-00050544-00050727 walter what does this mean for law
f-6i19LSoZE-00256-00050728-00050967 enforcement officers going forward
f-6i19LSoZE-00257-00050968-00051214 it's certainly a shift right i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00258-00051215-00051366 we'll see a huge shift
f-6i19LSoZE-00259-00051367-00051526 i don't think this will just go away i
f-6i19LSoZE-00260-00051527-00051670 think it's a change
f-6i19LSoZE-00261-00051671-00051887 i think this will become a different
f-6i19LSoZE-00262-00051888-00052102 people will become police officers
f-6i19LSoZE-00263-00052103-00052319 your normal in your heart i want to be a
f-6i19LSoZE-00264-00052320-00052414 cop that
f-6i19LSoZE-00265-00052415-00052647 they're going to become a facilities or
f-6i19LSoZE-00266-00052648-00052750 you're going to work
f-6i19LSoZE-00267-00052751-00053007 you know for ibm or something they're
f-6i19LSoZE-00268-00053008-00053063 not going to
f-6i19LSoZE-00269-00053064-00053271 want to do this job it's going to take a
f-6i19LSoZE-00270-00053272-00053407 special person who
f-6i19LSoZE-00271-00053408-00053703 is committed to the direction it's going
f-6i19LSoZE-00272-00053704-00053815 and i think that'll be a good thing
f-6i19LSoZE-00273-00053816-00053879 honestly
f-6i19LSoZE-00274-00053879-00054087 i think that'll be a good thing mimi how
f-6i19LSoZE-00275-00054088-00054215 do you think the media
f-6i19LSoZE-00276-00054216-00054430 handled coverage of this trial do you
f-6i19LSoZE-00277-00054432-00054607 think it was fair
f-6i19LSoZE-00278-00054608-00054823 i i do we had this conversation about
f-6i19LSoZE-00279-00054824-00054975 when you say media what do you mean
f-6i19LSoZE-00280-00054976-00055191 let's say big news there's a lot of
f-6i19LSoZE-00281-00055191-00055287 there's a lot of people calling
f-6i19LSoZE-00282-00055288-00055399 themselves media
f-6i19LSoZE-00283-00055400-00055582 that i wouldn't call media and then you
f-6i19LSoZE-00284-00055583-00055759 had some people on the fringes
f-6i19LSoZE-00285-00055760-00056119 who would say for instance he was
f-6i19LSoZE-00286-00056120-00056335 he was a drug addict he was he was a bad
f-6i19LSoZE-00287-00056336-00056542 guy essentially he was a bad guy
f-6i19LSoZE-00288-00056544-00056911 okay but then we want our cops being
f-6i19LSoZE-00289-00056912-00057119 judge jury and executioner he didn't
f-6i19LSoZE-00290-00057120-00057223 deserve to die
f-6i19LSoZE-00291-00057224-00057430 because he had some counterfeit money
f-6i19LSoZE-00292-00057432-00057638 that's we don't do that in this country
f-6i19LSoZE-00293-00057639-00057719 yeah and
f-6i19LSoZE-00294-00057720-00057950 and then some commentators i wouldn't
f-6i19LSoZE-00295-00057951-00058038 call them muse
f-6i19LSoZE-00296-00058039-00058359 but commentators just going on the
f-6i19LSoZE-00297-00058360-00058591 the other extreme and just saying oh
f-6i19LSoZE-00298-00058591-00058766 look these people want to defund the
f-6i19LSoZE-00299-00058767-00058879 police they want to get rid of the
f-6i19LSoZE-00300-00058879-00058966 police
f-6i19LSoZE-00301-00058967-00059126 they don't want the police anymore they
f-6i19LSoZE-00302-00059127-00059335 hate the police and that's a strong man
f-6i19LSoZE-00303-00059336-00059423 argument that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00304-00059424-00059663 i don't think anybody except again on
f-6i19LSoZE-00305-00059664-00059823 the fringes has said
f-6i19LSoZE-00306-00059824-00059999 completely take away all funding from
f-6i19LSoZE-00307-00060000-00060126 the police
f-6i19LSoZE-00308-00060127-00060350 so marty what is um derek's legal
f-6i19LSoZE-00309-00060351-00060494 recourse at this point
f-6i19LSoZE-00310-00060495-00060663 he definitely has a whole series of
f-6i19LSoZE-00311-00060664-00060838 appeals i don't know if you remember at
f-6i19LSoZE-00312-00060839-00060942 the end where
f-6i19LSoZE-00313-00060944-00061126 the defense attorney was making some
f-6i19LSoZE-00314-00061127-00061247 objections as to how
f-6i19LSoZE-00315-00061248-00061519 the prosecutor characterized using words
f-6i19LSoZE-00316-00061520-00061647 like story and
f-6i19LSoZE-00317-00061648-00061959 basically calling them uh liars and they
f-6i19LSoZE-00318-00061960-00062111 were trying to object to get it
f-6i19LSoZE-00319-00062112-00062279 you know to preserve the record it's
f-6i19LSoZE-00320-00062279-00062438 what it's called and the judge said it
f-6i19LSoZE-00321-00062439-00062559 himself he goes no you've got you've
f-6i19LSoZE-00322-00062560-00062671 preserved the record enough to be able
f-6i19LSoZE-00323-00062672-00062766 to get through an appeal
f-6i19LSoZE-00324-00062767-00063079 and so that's he's it's a very the
f-6i19LSoZE-00325-00063079-00063279 pellet process is a very long process
f-6i19LSoZE-00326-00063279-00063494 and what could theoretically happen is
f-6i19LSoZE-00327-00063495-00063647 that it goes through all these appeals
f-6i19LSoZE-00328-00063648-00063719 and people
f-6i19LSoZE-00329-00063720-00064023 forget about it and then another you
f-6i19LSoZE-00330-00064024-00064135 find some kind of
f-6i19LSoZE-00331-00064136-00064391 someone sort of technicality that the
f-6i19LSoZE-00332-00064391-00064526 prosecutor shouldn't have done
f-6i19LSoZE-00333-00064527-00064687 and then whether chris trial has to you
f-6i19LSoZE-00334-00064688-00064863 know be done all over again is there a
f-6i19LSoZE-00335-00064864-00064991 basis
f-6i19LSoZE-00336-00064991-00065294 for derek chauvin's attorney to be able
f-6i19LSoZE-00337-00065295-00065350 to cry
f-6i19LSoZE-00338-00065351-00065599 foul and say yeah the evidence is there
f-6i19LSoZE-00339-00065600-00065694 the jury
f-6i19LSoZE-00340-00065695-00065887 it's they're biased coming in do you
f-6i19LSoZE-00341-00065888-00066079 think they he they might reach for that
f-6i19LSoZE-00342-00066080-00066231 absolutely but they're definitely gonna
f-6i19LSoZE-00343-00066232-00066367 reach for that i wouldn't be surprised
f-6i19LSoZE-00344-00066368-00066511 if three arguments happened
f-6i19LSoZE-00345-00066512-00066687 one that the video should have never
f-6i19LSoZE-00346-00066688-00066823 been entered into evidence that it
f-6i19LSoZE-00347-00066824-00066975 should have just been stipulated that
f-6i19LSoZE-00348-00066976-00067047 that they were
f-6i19LSoZE-00349-00067048-00067263 you know together that that the death
f-6i19LSoZE-00350-00067264-00067391 happened or that they would only be able
f-6i19LSoZE-00351-00067392-00067471 to show
f-6i19LSoZE-00352-00067472-00067694 a few parts of it right but to have the
f-6i19LSoZE-00353-00067695-00067871 entire video placed in there
f-6i19LSoZE-00354-00067872-00068038 would have prejudiced the jury
f-6i19LSoZE-00355-00068039-00068206 particularly by the bystanders and
f-6i19LSoZE-00356-00068207-00068287 everything else
f-6i19LSoZE-00357-00068288-00068471 that was uh going around and the other
f-6i19LSoZE-00358-00068472-00068591 thing is that the attorney
f-6i19LSoZE-00359-00068592-00068735 he i wouldn't be surprised if he came
f-6i19LSoZE-00360-00068736-00068926 back with a different attorney and said
f-6i19LSoZE-00361-00068927-00069126 that his attorney was not competent
f-6i19LSoZE-00362-00069127-00069359 and did not handle that case very well
f-6i19LSoZE-00363-00069360-00069487 and so that would probably be the maybe
f-6i19LSoZE-00364-00069488-00069679 the second one and the third argument
f-6i19LSoZE-00365-00069680-00069782 could be this should have
f-6i19LSoZE-00366-00069783-00069959 required a change of venue so those are
f-6i19LSoZE-00367-00069960-00070126 the howard attorney which you know back
f-6i19LSoZE-00368-00070127-00070175 in the day
f-6i19LSoZE-00369-00070176-00070287 those are probably the three things i
f-6i19LSoZE-00370-00070288-00070503 would argue if i'm trying to get
f-6i19LSoZE-00371-00070504-00070838 derek chopra out of prison yeah walter
f-6i19LSoZE-00372-00070839-00071087 if you're derek chauvin what are you
f-6i19LSoZE-00373-00071088-00071238 thinking right now
f-6i19LSoZE-00374-00071239-00071526 oh wow who do i align myself with who's
f-6i19LSoZE-00375-00071527-00071623 who's on my side
f-6i19LSoZE-00376-00071624-00071887 who in here good old boys who who are
f-6i19LSoZE-00377-00071888-00071975 the nice ones
f-6i19LSoZE-00378-00071976-00072103 that will take care of me and look out
f-6i19LSoZE-00379-00072104-00072294 for me i i gotta get
f-6i19LSoZE-00380-00072295-00072479 used to it i've made this bed now i
f-6i19LSoZE-00381-00072480-00072623 gotta lie in it
f-6i19LSoZE-00382-00072624-00072855 yeah yeah i i i hope he's not thinking
f-6i19LSoZE-00383-00072856-00073047 what i don't want to say but it
f-6i19LSoZE-00384-00073048-00073206 wouldn't surprise me if he didn't stay
f-6i19LSoZE-00385-00073207-00073423 in there long so a question for
f-6i19LSoZE-00386-00073424-00073743 for all of you did
f-6i19LSoZE-00387-00073744-00074062 derek chauvin get a fair trial mimi i'll
f-6i19LSoZE-00388-00074063-00074175 start with you
f-6i19LSoZE-00389-00074176-00074519 i'm not a lawyer by any means but
f-6i19LSoZE-00390-00074520-00074887 i would say i think he did
f-6i19LSoZE-00391-00074888-00075167 yes there was a lot of media coverage
f-6i19LSoZE-00392-00075168-00075206 and
f-6i19LSoZE-00393-00075207-00075343 when you're a defendant you really don't
f-6i19LSoZE-00394-00075344-00075519 want that but there's a video
f-6i19LSoZE-00395-00075520-00075735 it's not like somebody had to make up a
f-6i19LSoZE-00396-00075736-00075847 story about this
f-6i19LSoZE-00397-00075848-00076031 it's not his word against somebody
f-6i19LSoZE-00398-00076032-00076150 else's word
f-6i19LSoZE-00399-00076151-00076406 this is everybody got to sit down and
f-6i19LSoZE-00400-00076407-00076479 watch
f-6i19LSoZE-00401-00076480-00076950 and there's no other way to interpret it
f-6i19LSoZE-00402-00076951-00077262 nine minutes so and then he died by
f-6i19LSoZE-00403-00077263-00077319 accident
f-6i19LSoZE-00404-00077320-00077575 what he said i can't breathe i can't
f-6i19LSoZE-00405-00077576-00077687 breathe
f-6i19LSoZE-00406-00077688-00077926 and this isn't the first time we've had
f-6i19LSoZE-00407-00077927-00078119 the choke hold and the whole life can't
f-6i19LSoZE-00408-00078120-00078279 breathe and
f-6i19LSoZE-00409-00078280-00078494 come on was he not following what
f-6i19LSoZE-00410-00078495-00078662 happened was it in baltimore
f-6i19LSoZE-00411-00078663-00078991 so i i don't know i i certainly hope
f-6i19LSoZE-00412-00078992-00079382 he is feeling remorse he is feeling
f-6i19LSoZE-00413-00079383-00079743 repentant but i don't know marty did he
f-6i19LSoZE-00414-00079744-00079871 get a fair trial you think
f-6i19LSoZE-00415-00079872-00080126 yes definitely i i believe that one of
f-6i19LSoZE-00416-00080127-00080287 the things that the law is going to have
f-6i19LSoZE-00417-00080288-00080423 to start to reckon with
f-6i19LSoZE-00418-00080424-00080623 is that jurors are going to come in a
f-6i19LSoZE-00419-00080624-00080726 lot more informed
f-6i19LSoZE-00420-00080727-00081023 on particular cases because everything
f-6i19LSoZE-00421-00081024-00081182 is getting captured on video
f-6i19LSoZE-00422-00081183-00081311 and they're going to need to talk about
f-6i19LSoZE-00423-00081312-00081462 that but there are instances that even
f-6i19LSoZE-00424-00081463-00081543 when it is
f-6i19LSoZE-00425-00081544-00081711 caught on video there it there can be
f-6i19LSoZE-00426-00081712-00081926 the my interpretation versus your
f-6i19LSoZE-00427-00081927-00082071 interpretation the one thing i will say
f-6i19LSoZE-00428-00082072-00082150 about the
f-6i19LSoZE-00429-00082151-00082406 defense attorney because i listened um
f-6i19LSoZE-00430-00082407-00082471 to him
f-6i19LSoZE-00431-00082472-00082718 the way that he built it up his argument
f-6i19LSoZE-00432-00082719-00082879 was you can't pay attention to those 10
f-6i19LSoZE-00433-00082880-00083015 minutes those nine minutes
f-6i19LSoZE-00434-00083016-00083150 you need to be able to look at all of
f-6i19LSoZE-00435-00083151-00083326 the circumstances and he
f-6i19LSoZE-00436-00083327-00083559 literally from the ver from the phone
f-6i19LSoZE-00437-00083560-00083647 call that
f-6i19LSoZE-00438-00083648-00083950 shoving got all the way until george
f-6i19LSoZE-00439-00083951-00084118 floyd left with the ems
f-6i19LSoZE-00440-00084119-00084294 he basically dictated what it looked
f-6i19LSoZE-00441-00084295-00084526 like from the officer's perspective
f-6i19LSoZE-00442-00084527-00084662 so that's another reason why i was
f-6i19LSoZE-00443-00084663-00084894 actually nervous um about it because
f-6i19LSoZE-00444-00084895-00085031 when you slow it down
f-6i19LSoZE-00445-00085032-00085247 and break it down like that and break it
f-6i19LSoZE-00446-00085248-00085431 down into all these really quick
f-6i19LSoZE-00447-00085432-00085638 fast decisions that you have to make you
f-6i19LSoZE-00448-00085639-00085855 can almost start to say okay maybe that
f-6i19LSoZE-00449-00085856-00085991 i was just afraid that a jury's gonna
f-6i19LSoZE-00450-00085992-00086094 say you know what that kind of makes
f-6i19LSoZE-00451-00086095-00086182 sense it's
f-6i19LSoZE-00452-00086183-00086311 that is hard to make it just you can't
f-6i19LSoZE-00453-00086312-00086471 make a coaching decision all of us are
f-6i19LSoZE-00454-00086472-00086582 all standing around saying you shouldn't
f-6i19LSoZE-00455-00086583-00086694 have done this and you should have done
f-6i19LSoZE-00456-00086695-00086759 that and
f-6i19LSoZE-00457-00086760-00086991 we're not trained we don't know what it
f-6i19LSoZE-00458-00086992-00087087 is that they've been
f-6i19LSoZE-00459-00087088-00087303 you know um taught and so i think that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00460-00087304-00087471 one of the reasons why i believe you had
f-6i19LSoZE-00461-00087472-00087559 a fair trial because
f-6i19LSoZE-00462-00087560-00087743 you both get a shot at the apple you
f-6i19LSoZE-00463-00087744-00087879 both get an opportunity
f-6i19LSoZE-00464-00087880-00088079 to be able to state your case and
f-6i19LSoZE-00465-00088080-00088255 whether or not it's a notorious or
f-6i19LSoZE-00466-00088256-00088423 infamous or well-known incident we've
f-6i19LSoZE-00467-00088424-00088518 had enough of those
f-6i19LSoZE-00468-00088519-00088782 in this country to be able to say yes
f-6i19LSoZE-00469-00088783-00088847 this is
f-6i19LSoZE-00470-00088848-00089126 becoming a new norm i think walter what
f-6i19LSoZE-00471-00089127-00089294 do you think did he get her fair trial
f-6i19LSoZE-00472-00089295-00089526 absolutely yeah absolutely i think he
f-6i19LSoZE-00473-00089527-00089662 got too far over
f-6i19LSoZE-00474-00089663-00089855 i think you should have tried just as
f-6i19LSoZE-00475-00089856-00089967 quick as he
f-6i19LSoZE-00476-00089968-00090199 the incident occurred you know it was i
f-6i19LSoZE-00477-00090200-00090294 mean
f-6i19LSoZE-00478-00090295-00090599 we gave him what how many days we gave
f-6i19LSoZE-00479-00090600-00090662 him
f-6i19LSoZE-00480-00090663-00091006 days to you know prove that he was
f-6i19LSoZE-00481-00091007-00091111 innocent
f-6i19LSoZE-00482-00091112-00091375 that was too it no that wasn't fair you
f-6i19LSoZE-00483-00091376-00091487 know what i mean
f-6i19LSoZE-00484-00091488-00091599 wasn't fair for the rest of the world
f-6i19LSoZE-00485-00091600-00091799 what about floyd's family yeah it should
f-6i19LSoZE-00486-00091800-00091926 have been much swift
f-6i19LSoZE-00487-00091927-00092167 do you think that he had malicious
f-6i19LSoZE-00488-00092168-00092247 intent
f-6i19LSoZE-00489-00092248-00092447 in that moment what do you think he's
f-6i19LSoZE-00490-00092448-00092606 thinking as he's holding him down
f-6i19LSoZE-00491-00092607-00092735 and the other officers are watching
f-6i19LSoZE-00492-00092736-00092894 what's what do you think is going on
f-6i19LSoZE-00493-00092895-00093006 through his mind
f-6i19LSoZE-00494-00093007-00093262 as he's doing that i'm the boss i don't
f-6i19LSoZE-00495-00093263-00093359 think he's thinking
f-6i19LSoZE-00496-00093360-00093559 i'm going to kill you and get away with
f-6i19LSoZE-00497-00093560-00093726 it i don't think
f-6i19LSoZE-00498-00093727-00094031 that was his thought i really don't i
f-6i19LSoZE-00499-00094032-00094287 think he didn't think that he could do
f-6i19LSoZE-00500-00094288-00094359 that
f-6i19LSoZE-00501-00094360-00094511 i don't think the thought came to his
f-6i19LSoZE-00502-00094512-00094694 mind that
f-6i19LSoZE-00503-00094695-00094926 let me keep a good eye on him so i can
f-6i19LSoZE-00504-00094927-00095143 release my knee before he passes out
f-6i19LSoZE-00505-00095144-00095367 i don't think he thought that deeply i
f-6i19LSoZE-00506-00095368-00095494 think he thought
f-6i19LSoZE-00507-00095495-00095782 i'm i'm going to win you are beneath me
f-6i19LSoZE-00508-00095783-00095935 we have history
f-6i19LSoZE-00509-00095936-00096174 you know if they know each other okay
f-6i19LSoZE-00510-00096175-00096318 and you are not
f-6i19LSoZE-00511-00096319-00096679 going to in front of these people so
f-6i19LSoZE-00512-00096680-00096974 any of your unhuman strength against me
f-6i19LSoZE-00513-00096975-00097167 i'm on top and i want to stay up
f-6i19LSoZE-00514-00097168-00097447 and he's just he got lost in the moment
f-6i19LSoZE-00515-00097448-00097479 of
f-6i19LSoZE-00516-00097480-00097750 i'm bigger than you and then i i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00517-00097751-00097903 it set in at one point
f-6i19LSoZE-00518-00097904-00098182 he realized i guess i got to get up here
f-6i19LSoZE-00519-00098183-00098374 sometime
f-6i19LSoZE-00520-00098375-00098655 yeah let's do it so what do you think
f-6i19LSoZE-00521-00098656-00098750 was
f-6i19LSoZE-00522-00098751-00099159 the key deciding issue in this case
f-6i19LSoZE-00523-00099160-00099374 i i think it was the fact that we had a
f-6i19LSoZE-00524-00099375-00099503 video
f-6i19LSoZE-00525-00099504-00099815 and the
f-6i19LSoZE-00526-00099816-00100015 doctors saying he died because of that
f-6i19LSoZE-00527-00100016-00100231 knee george floyd was a big man but he
f-6i19LSoZE-00528-00100232-00100399 did not present
f-6i19LSoZE-00529-00100400-00100815 a physical danger to all those cops
f-6i19LSoZE-00530-00100816-00101015 yeah you subdue them but it doesn't take
f-6i19LSoZE-00531-00101016-00101247 nine minutes to subdue somebody
f-6i19LSoZE-00532-00101248-00101438 like he's down he's on the ground that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00533-00101439-00101591 it right you want to cuff him or
f-6i19LSoZE-00534-00101592-00101718 whatever
f-6i19LSoZE-00535-00101719-00102023 that's it yeah yeah and i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00536-00102024-00102415 this case really does i'm hoping it's a
f-6i19LSoZE-00537-00102416-00102727 watershed i'm hoping that things change
f-6i19LSoZE-00538-00102728-00102918 and i'm hoping that people finally
f-6i19LSoZE-00539-00102919-00103063 realize
f-6i19LSoZE-00540-00103064-00103302 that we have a race problem in america
f-6i19LSoZE-00541-00103303-00103478 there's a lot of people that
f-6i19LSoZE-00542-00103479-00103742 are not african-american that are not
f-6i19LSoZE-00543-00103743-00103806 brown
f-6i19LSoZE-00544-00103807-00104142 or other immigrants that just refuse to
f-6i19LSoZE-00545-00104143-00104278 believe it
f-6i19LSoZE-00546-00104279-00104606 no we're fine we treat everybody nicely
f-6i19LSoZE-00547-00104607-00104815 some of my best friends are black that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00548-00104816-00104999 what people are thinking
f-6i19LSoZE-00549-00105000-00105231 oh no we're nice to everybody and that
f-6i19LSoZE-00550-00105232-00105343 poor police officer
f-6i19LSoZE-00551-00105344-00105551 he's just so stressed out and he
f-6i19LSoZE-00552-00105552-00105671 shouldn't that guy shouldn't have
f-6i19LSoZE-00553-00105672-00105943 he's scary he shouldn't have scared him
f-6i19LSoZE-00554-00105944-00105975 but
f-6i19LSoZE-00555-00105976-00106263 i think now i hope that it's starting to
f-6i19LSoZE-00556-00106264-00106454 dawn on people
f-6i19LSoZE-00557-00106455-00106775 we have a problem with race and all of
f-6i19LSoZE-00558-00106776-00106863 us
f-6i19LSoZE-00559-00106864-00107127 have a role to play in addressing that
f-6i19LSoZE-00560-00107128-00107334 it's not enough to say i'm nice to
f-6i19LSoZE-00561-00107335-00107543 everybody so i don't have a problem
f-6i19LSoZE-00562-00107544-00107783 no we all have a problem when this kind
f-6i19LSoZE-00563-00107783-00107902 of thing is happening
f-6i19LSoZE-00564-00107903-00108095 marty just to dovetail on what mimi's
f-6i19LSoZE-00565-00108096-00108302 saying what are you hoping that people
f-6i19LSoZE-00566-00108303-00108383 will
f-6i19LSoZE-00567-00108383-00108599 take away from all of this i'm hoping
f-6i19LSoZE-00568-00108600-00108743 that while i do one of the things i do
f-6i19LSoZE-00569-00108744-00108895 believe is happening there's
f-6i19LSoZE-00570-00108896-00109166 tremendous change happening as far as
f-6i19LSoZE-00571-00109167-00109199 what
f-6i19LSoZE-00572-00109200-00109478 people are thinking about race so i
f-6i19LSoZE-00573-00109479-00109590 teach
f-6i19LSoZE-00574-00109591-00109823 about race and racism and civil rights
f-6i19LSoZE-00575-00109824-00109927 movements and all of that
f-6i19LSoZE-00576-00109928-00110119 and i usually everywhere that i've
f-6i19LSoZE-00577-00110120-00110247 taught and you know i've taught in
f-6i19LSoZE-00578-00110248-00110390 atlanta i've taught here and here in
f-6i19LSoZE-00579-00110391-00110558 utah in particular i used to have to
f-6i19LSoZE-00580-00110559-00110727 spend about the first three to four
f-6i19LSoZE-00581-00110728-00110927 weeks convincing my students that racism
f-6i19LSoZE-00582-00110928-00111071 was real that it wasn't something that
f-6i19LSoZE-00583-00111072-00111207 was just in
f-6i19LSoZE-00584-00111208-00111423 in our collective heads and that there's
f-6i19LSoZE-00585-00111424-00111575 some kind of thing we're all saying okay
f-6i19LSoZE-00586-00111576-00111719 you up think that's racism too okay
f-6i19LSoZE-00587-00111720-00111823 we'll all tell them
f-6i19LSoZE-00588-00111824-00111958 that that's what it is this was the
f-6i19LSoZE-00589-00111959-00112086 first time i came in and they were like
f-6i19LSoZE-00590-00112088-00112263 no yeah we believe it okay let's go on
f-6i19LSoZE-00591-00112264-00112478 and so i was able to get into some i was
f-6i19LSoZE-00592-00112479-00112647 able to have much deeper conversations
f-6i19LSoZE-00593-00112648-00112734 with my students
f-6i19LSoZE-00594-00112735-00112951 and they were able to understand the
f-6i19LSoZE-00595-00112952-00113054 systemic
f-6i19LSoZE-00596-00113055-00113223 problems of it not just that it's a
f-6i19LSoZE-00597-00113224-00113423 that's not just a derek chauvin thing
f-6i19LSoZE-00598-00113424-00113599 it's not just an individual
f-6i19LSoZE-00599-00113600-00113807 but this is something that there's a lot
f-6i19LSoZE-00600-00113808-00113910 of things that have gone
f-6i19LSoZE-00601-00113911-00114110 into creating a derrick show in order
f-6i19LSoZE-00602-00114111-00114263 for that to happen and so i think that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00603-00114264-00114383 one of the things that i'm
f-6i19LSoZE-00604-00114383-00114583 hoping a lot of people take away a lot
f-6i19LSoZE-00605-00114583-00114702 of people are saying this isn't
f-6i19LSoZE-00606-00114703-00114823 necessarily justice but it is
f-6i19LSoZE-00607-00114824-00114943 accountability and
f-6i19LSoZE-00608-00114944-00115143 i think that one of the things that for
f-6i19LSoZE-00609-00115144-00115271 me because you were talking about what
f-6i19LSoZE-00610-00115272-00115447 sort of changed what was the big change
f-6i19LSoZE-00611-00115448-00115558 and we did have the video that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00612-00115559-00115654 absolutely true
f-6i19LSoZE-00613-00115655-00115871 um and the video can be interpreted
f-6i19LSoZE-00614-00115872-00115966 either way there
f-6i19LSoZE-00615-00115967-00116086 there are some people that just said he
f-6i19LSoZE-00616-00116088-00116271 was on drugs but all the
f-6i19LSoZE-00617-00116272-00116583 bystanders and so there's still
f-6i19LSoZE-00618-00116583-00116758 people that even argue even over the
f-6i19LSoZE-00619-00116759-00116895 tape and the video of what
f-6i19LSoZE-00620-00116896-00117047 what kind of happens one of the things
f-6i19LSoZE-00621-00117048-00117278 that was a big turn around for me
f-6i19LSoZE-00622-00117279-00117351 honestly was
f-6i19LSoZE-00623-00117352-00117727 when achievement police tested that one
f-6i19LSoZE-00624-00117728-00117975 i i was shocked and i was just i was
f-6i19LSoZE-00625-00117976-00118127 listening to it we were in the rv and i
f-6i19LSoZE-00626-00118128-00118175 was
f-6i19LSoZE-00627-00118176-00118407 listening to his testimony and it was
f-6i19LSoZE-00628-00118408-00118534 compelling
f-6i19LSoZE-00629-00118535-00118815 and the prosecutor the prosecutors in
f-6i19LSoZE-00630-00118816-00118943 this case were just brilliant
f-6i19LSoZE-00631-00118944-00119134 it was like the prosecutors were a pro
f-6i19LSoZE-00632-00119135-00119310 football team and the defense was a
f-6i19LSoZE-00633-00119311-00119447 little league football team or whatever
f-6i19LSoZE-00634-00119448-00119575 you call a little league they he would
f-6i19LSoZE-00635-00119576-00119751 the it was outmatched very clearly
f-6i19LSoZE-00636-00119752-00119831 outmatched
f-6i19LSoZE-00637-00119832-00119983 but for the chief of police to come and
f-6i19LSoZE-00638-00119983-00120254 say this is not who we are
f-6i19LSoZE-00639-00120255-00120510 this is not who we are supposed to be
f-6i19LSoZE-00640-00120511-00120631 and says you can have
f-6i19LSoZE-00641-00120632-00120871 99 wonderful interactions i'm never
f-6i19LSoZE-00642-00120872-00120983 going to forget that line
f-6i19LSoZE-00643-00120983-00121166 you can have 99 wonderful interactions
f-6i19LSoZE-00644-00121167-00121327 with people but if you get that one bad
f-6i19LSoZE-00645-00121328-00121399 one
f-6i19LSoZE-00646-00121400-00121510 you know i mean that's the one that
f-6i19LSoZE-00647-00121511-00121766 they're going to remember so you need to
f-6i19LSoZE-00648-00121767-00121934 you know be aware that could happen and
f-6i19LSoZE-00649-00121935-00122095 just it's the idea that
f-6i19LSoZE-00650-00122096-00122223 what i've heard a lot of other people
f-6i19LSoZE-00651-00122224-00122423 say is that there's nothing that
f-6i19LSoZE-00652-00122424-00122623 a good cop likes better than seeing a
f-6i19LSoZE-00653-00122624-00122727 bad cop go away
f-6i19LSoZE-00654-00122728-00122919 that this was this was a trial about
f-6i19LSoZE-00655-00122920-00123086 good policing and what is good
f-6i19LSoZE-00656-00123088-00123223 policing supposed to be in that this is
f-6i19LSoZE-00657-00123224-00123463 not an example of good policing and a
f-6i19LSoZE-00658-00123464-00123671 good police officer should say
f-6i19LSoZE-00659-00123672-00123895 yeah we we need to be caught on that
f-6i19LSoZE-00660-00123896-00124031 yeah the blue wall of silence
f-6i19LSoZE-00661-00124032-00124343 as they call it came crashing down and i
f-6i19LSoZE-00662-00124344-00124583 i wonder if if it would have been closer
f-6i19LSoZE-00663-00124583-00124686 if there would have been more to
f-6i19LSoZE-00664-00124688-00124847 convince i'm not too sure but
f-6i19LSoZE-00665-00124848-00124999 i thought that was pretty compelling
f-6i19LSoZE-00666-00125000-00125214 when that happened walter how about you
f-6i19LSoZE-00667-00125215-00125390 what are you hoping that people will
f-6i19LSoZE-00668-00125391-00125614 take away from this that change is here
f-6i19LSoZE-00669-00125615-00125790 not just having the video when the
f-6i19LSoZE-00670-00125791-00125958 police officers when the chief stood up
f-6i19LSoZE-00671-00125959-00126086 and said this is not us
f-6i19LSoZE-00672-00126088-00126263 we got to go we got to go further than
f-6i19LSoZE-00673-00126264-00126566 that he said this was not us
f-6i19LSoZE-00674-00126567-00126751 after he saw the heat say it right there
f-6i19LSoZE-00675-00126752-00126919 at the scene while he had his knee on
f-6i19LSoZE-00676-00126920-00127031 georgia's neck
f-6i19LSoZE-00677-00127032-00127207 handcuffed him right there this is too
f-6i19LSoZE-00678-00127208-00127358 far you're going to jail
f-6i19LSoZE-00679-00127359-00127551 tonight that's when you see the change
f-6i19LSoZE-00680-00127552-00127686 and that's what we're gonna see that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00681-00127688-00127727 next
f-6i19LSoZE-00682-00127728-00127927 right now we're seeing hey but do you
f-6i19LSoZE-00683-00127928-00128102 have tape but do you have video that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00684-00128103-00128254 gonna be the thing right so
f-6i19LSoZE-00685-00128255-00128407 tapes will disappear video will
f-6i19LSoZE-00686-00128408-00128686 disappear the laws will make the video
f-6i19LSoZE-00687-00128688-00128751 go away
f-6i19LSoZE-00688-00128752-00128975 right we're gonna go back they're gonna
f-6i19LSoZE-00689-00128976-00129110 go somebody's gonna say
f-6i19LSoZE-00690-00129111-00129286 it's it's illegal to take somebody this
f-6i19LSoZE-00691-00129288-00129431 you can't do that you can't record his
f-6i19LSoZE-00692-00129432-00129566 voice you can't tape them that's gonna
f-6i19LSoZE-00693-00129567-00129623 go away
f-6i19LSoZE-00694-00129624-00129799 but when you have the officers on the
f-6i19LSoZE-00695-00129800-00130023 scene who are gonna be empowered to say
f-6i19LSoZE-00696-00130024-00130271 if you violate somebody's rights tonight
f-6i19LSoZE-00697-00130272-00130334 i will
f-6i19LSoZE-00698-00130335-00130583 i and the team will take you to jail
f-6i19LSoZE-00699-00130583-00130727 then you'll see real change
f-6i19LSoZE-00700-00130728-00131039 then the thin blue line will get much
f-6i19LSoZE-00701-00131040-00131183 thinner and it'll be people
f-6i19LSoZE-00702-00131184-00131399 we all work together wow that's the real
f-6i19LSoZE-00703-00131400-00131511 change that's my take
f-6i19LSoZE-00704-00131512-00131751 this is just the beginning mimi how
f-6i19LSoZE-00705-00131752-00131854 significant
f-6i19LSoZE-00706-00131855-00132119 is this trial historically speaking how
f-6i19LSoZE-00707-00132120-00132247 do you think it will be recorded in
f-6i19LSoZE-00708-00132248-00132366 history
f-6i19LSoZE-00709-00132367-00132607 we don't know yet because we're still in
f-6i19LSoZE-00710-00132608-00132671 it
f-6i19LSoZE-00711-00132672-00132966 uh we still have to wait for sentencing
f-6i19LSoZE-00712-00132967-00133111 that's about two months away
f-6i19LSoZE-00713-00133112-00133447 so we'll see we'll see but the fact that
f-6i19LSoZE-00714-00133448-00133599 we've got a conviction
f-6i19LSoZE-00715-00133600-00133927 is significant and i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00716-00133928-00134166 i'm hoping that says walter said that
f-6i19LSoZE-00717-00134167-00134263 this
f-6i19LSoZE-00718-00134264-00134454 that the police will police themselves
f-6i19LSoZE-00719-00134455-00134639 so that they will start doing
f-6i19LSoZE-00720-00134640-00134895 a training on their implicit biases they
f-6i19LSoZE-00721-00134896-00134983 don't realize it
f-6i19LSoZE-00722-00134984-00135166 they see a black guy and they're like oh
f-6i19LSoZE-00723-00135167-00135351 you could kill me they see a white guy
f-6i19LSoZE-00724-00135352-00135407 oh
f-6i19LSoZE-00725-00135408-00135535 sir can i see your license and
f-6i19LSoZE-00726-00135536-00135766 registration marty from your perspective
f-6i19LSoZE-00727-00135767-00135927 because you studied the history of this
f-6i19LSoZE-00728-00135928-00136190 how significant is this historically
f-6i19LSoZE-00729-00136191-00136327 definitely when you look at
f-6i19LSoZE-00730-00136328-00136566 sort of legal history it's a really big
f-6i19LSoZE-00731-00136567-00136702 move and then when you look at
f-6i19LSoZE-00732-00136703-00136887 social movements this one this
f-6i19LSoZE-00733-00136888-00137135 particular social movement and
f-6i19LSoZE-00734-00137136-00137287 everything that comes with it is
f-6i19LSoZE-00735-00137288-00137463 a very different one i'm wondering
f-6i19LSoZE-00736-00137464-00137599 sometimes if we'd have been in the
f-6i19LSoZE-00737-00137600-00137719 pandemic
f-6i19LSoZE-00738-00137720-00137871 would it have been different would
f-6i19LSoZE-00739-00137872-00137990 somebody have said i don't have time to
f-6i19LSoZE-00740-00137991-00138151 watch an even video and then run off
f-6i19LSoZE-00741-00138152-00138302 into their day because i really think
f-6i19LSoZE-00742-00138303-00138439 that what's been critical here
f-6i19LSoZE-00743-00138440-00138599 is time and i shared with that the last
f-6i19LSoZE-00744-00138600-00138799 time we spoke that time allowed
f-6i19LSoZE-00745-00138800-00138990 people not just the time on the video
f-6i19LSoZE-00746-00138991-00139214 but the pandemic allowed people time
f-6i19LSoZE-00747-00139215-00139559 to digest what was happening time to sit
f-6i19LSoZE-00748-00139560-00139719 there and actually look at the whole
f-6i19LSoZE-00749-00139720-00139871 thing and hear him cry out for his
f-6i19LSoZE-00750-00139872-00139999 mother and i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00751-00140000-00140183 at this point there's like we've all got
f-6i19LSoZE-00752-00140184-00140302 it collectively memorized
f-6i19LSoZE-00753-00140303-00140559 in a way and so i don't i often wonder
f-6i19LSoZE-00754-00140560-00140719 if we were not in the pandemic and we're
f-6i19LSoZE-00755-00140720-00140854 still in our
f-6i19LSoZE-00756-00140855-00141063 everyday busy lives and worlds where we
f-6i19LSoZE-00757-00141064-00141190 didn't necessarily have to think about
f-6i19LSoZE-00758-00141191-00141295 these things all the time
f-6i19LSoZE-00759-00141296-00141495 would it how would it have been so it's
f-6i19LSoZE-00760-00141496-00141654 historic in that it happened
f-6i19LSoZE-00761-00141655-00141847 during a time where people were allowed
f-6i19LSoZE-00762-00141848-00141999 to really think
f-6i19LSoZE-00763-00142000-00142231 wow i think we do have a race problem
f-6i19LSoZE-00764-00142232-00142359 here in the meantime you have
f-6i19LSoZE-00765-00142360-00142551 black and brown asian and indigenous
f-6i19LSoZE-00766-00142552-00142783 communities saying yeah
f-6i19LSoZE-00767-00142784-00142935 we've been trying to tell you that for
f-6i19LSoZE-00768-00142936-00143119 hundreds of years now and
f-6i19LSoZE-00769-00143120-00143326 now you believe us and the fact that it
f-6i19LSoZE-00770-00143327-00143447 was george floyd
f-6i19LSoZE-00771-00143448-00143631 in particular that's who everybody was
f-6i19LSoZE-00772-00143632-00143751 rallying around
f-6i19LSoZE-00773-00143752-00143959 was a real for me as a person that does
f-6i19LSoZE-00774-00143960-00144111 comparative historical history
f-6i19LSoZE-00775-00144112-00144383 was such a surprise because he wasn't
f-6i19LSoZE-00776-00144384-00144511 one of the things i always felt like the
f-6i19LSoZE-00777-00144512-00144631 black lives matter
f-6i19LSoZE-00778-00144632-00144799 movement had from its inception with
f-6i19LSoZE-00779-00144800-00144990 trayvon and michael brown
f-6i19LSoZE-00780-00144991-00145159 was uh they didn't have a sympathetic
f-6i19LSoZE-00781-00145160-00145319 symbol they didn't have somebody that
f-6i19LSoZE-00782-00145320-00145478 that became human to them that had a
f-6i19LSoZE-00783-00145479-00145526 life i
f-6i19LSoZE-00784-00145527-00145663 thought it was going to be tamir rice
f-6i19LSoZE-00785-00145664-00145863 but he was just at that age
f-6i19LSoZE-00786-00145864-00146039 where he's not cute anymore and i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00787-00146040-00146207 his mother was a bit problematic
f-6i19LSoZE-00788-00146208-00146423 with how she's presented to the media
f-6i19LSoZE-00789-00146424-00146566 and all that and so i think it was just
f-6i19LSoZE-00790-00146567-00146726 really really fascinating that it was i
f-6i19LSoZE-00791-00146727-00146959 didn't expect it to be a george floyd
f-6i19LSoZE-00792-00146960-00147199 somebody that is not very well known
f-6i19LSoZE-00793-00147200-00147326 that did have did have
f-6i19LSoZE-00794-00147327-00147559 struggled with drugs and had previous
f-6i19LSoZE-00795-00147560-00147766 interactions with the police officer
f-6i19LSoZE-00796-00147767-00147999 all of that and so i i think it's really
f-6i19LSoZE-00797-00148000-00148183 honestly it's time people got
f-6i19LSoZE-00798-00148184-00148431 time to sit and instead of naval gaze or
f-6i19LSoZE-00799-00148432-00148526 look at the next thing
f-6i19LSoZE-00800-00148527-00148759 that they had to do were able to sit
f-6i19LSoZE-00801-00148760-00148831 with
f-6i19LSoZE-00802-00148832-00149047 this with what's going on here and
f-6i19LSoZE-00803-00149048-00149143 because
f-6i19LSoZE-00804-00149144-00149383 computers are all fit with algorithms
f-6i19LSoZE-00805-00149384-00149535 now all the things people are going to
f-6i19LSoZE-00806-00149536-00149663 see in their feeds
f-6i19LSoZE-00807-00149664-00149911 are all these shootings that happen and
f-6i19LSoZE-00808-00149912-00149983 then it becomes
f-6i19LSoZE-00809-00149984-00150214 okay this is ridiculous and that was
f-6i19LSoZE-00810-00150215-00150366 happening before too though there was
f-6i19LSoZE-00811-00150367-00150495 stuff that was coming before
f-6i19LSoZE-00812-00150496-00150687 so i think this is a historic moment in
f-6i19LSoZE-00813-00150688-00150935 that it turned something in the
f-6i19LSoZE-00814-00150936-00151102 sort of collective minds of white
f-6i19LSoZE-00815-00151103-00151311 america so i think that is probably what
f-6i19LSoZE-00816-00151312-00151399 makes it
f-6i19LSoZE-00817-00151400-00151607 really historic and so i wonder once
f-6i19LSoZE-00818-00151608-00151799 this pandemic is over and we all go back
f-6i19LSoZE-00819-00151800-00151871 to normal
f-6i19LSoZE-00820-00151872-00152047 what's it gonna be like because we have
f-6i19LSoZE-00821-00152048-00152231 people that are saying all these
f-6i19LSoZE-00822-00152232-00152423 corporations are donating xyz
f-6i19LSoZE-00823-00152424-00152566 as much as you can now because you know
f-6i19LSoZE-00824-00152567-00152751 they're gonna forget and they're gonna
f-6i19LSoZE-00825-00152752-00152807 back to
f-6i19LSoZE-00826-00152808-00153023 the way that it was before but we'll see
f-6i19LSoZE-00827-00153024-00153175 i i agree with you man had a colleague
f-6i19LSoZE-00828-00153176-00153319 tell me it's hard to process trauma when
f-6i19LSoZE-00829-00153320-00153383 you're in it
f-6i19LSoZE-00830-00153384-00153535 and i think that this last year has been
f-6i19LSoZE-00831-00153536-00153711 very traumatic for a lot of people in a
f-6i19LSoZE-00832-00153712-00153847 lot of different ways
f-6i19LSoZE-00833-00153848-00154031 and once we get to the other side of it
f-6i19LSoZE-00834-00154032-00154166 i think that's when we'll be able to say
f-6i19LSoZE-00835-00154167-00154207 okay
f-6i19LSoZE-00836-00154208-00154351 what's the next step we're going to have
f-6i19LSoZE-00837-00154352-00154551 to see if this stops
f-6i19LSoZE-00838-00154552-00154871 if this at least decreases the number of
f-6i19LSoZE-00839-00154872-00155102 of deaths and there's i was just
f-6i19LSoZE-00840-00155103-00155207 watching a video
f-6i19LSoZE-00841-00155208-00155471 of a young man pulled over by virginia
f-6i19LSoZE-00842-00155472-00155566 state police
f-6i19LSoZE-00843-00155567-00155814 and he videotaped everything and he was
f-6i19LSoZE-00844-00155815-00155895 cursed at
f-6i19LSoZE-00845-00155896-00156143 and violently taken out of his car
f-6i19LSoZE-00846-00156144-00156278 luckily he didn't die but
f-6i19LSoZE-00847-00156279-00156511 it's that kind of thing anybody else
f-6i19LSoZE-00848-00156512-00156607 would have been saying
f-6i19LSoZE-00849-00156608-00156911 sir your registration is expired i'm
f-6i19LSoZE-00850-00156912-00157047 gonna have to give you a ticket
f-6i19LSoZE-00851-00157048-00157254 i i need to see your driver's license i
f-6i19LSoZE-00852-00157255-00157454 need to not pull him out of the car
f-6i19LSoZE-00853-00157455-00157759 so the fact that he has to videotape i
f-6i19LSoZE-00854-00157760-00157943 have never had to videotape
f-6i19LSoZE-00855-00157944-00158126 a police officer pulling me over damn
f-6i19LSoZE-00856-00158127-00158239 you're speaking you know how fast you
f-6i19LSoZE-00857-00158240-00158302 were going
f-6i19LSoZE-00858-00158303-00158599 okay sorry here's my i never feel like
f-6i19LSoZE-00859-00158600-00158775 oh i need to show my hands i need to
f-6i19LSoZE-00860-00158776-00158919 i need to tell somebody i've been pulled
f-6i19LSoZE-00861-00158920-00159054 over in case something happens to me
f-6i19LSoZE-00862-00159055-00159126 they have a
f-6i19LSoZE-00863-00159127-00159271 apps and everything that are out now
f-6i19LSoZE-00864-00159272-00159519 that you can just get to your friends
f-6i19LSoZE-00865-00159520-00159711 i mean so it's definitely change
f-6i19LSoZE-00866-00159712-00159854 technology there's now
f-6i19LSoZE-00867-00159855-00160071 cameras you can put in your car so that
f-6i19LSoZE-00868-00160072-00160207 even if they do take your phone away
f-6i19LSoZE-00869-00160208-00160335 from you there's still something
f-6i19LSoZE-00870-00160336-00160590 recording the interaction and people
f-6i19LSoZE-00871-00160591-00160743 have to say wow is this what we've come
f-6i19LSoZE-00872-00160744-00160847 to
f-6i19LSoZE-00873-00160848-00161047 is this the country that we've become
f-6i19LSoZE-00874-00161048-00161199 that people have to feel the need
f-6i19LSoZE-00875-00161200-00161366 and you can say oh he got pulled out he
f-6i19LSoZE-00876-00161367-00161535 got cursed but luckily he didn't die
f-6i19LSoZE-00877-00161536-00161678 you know what i mean and that it's this
f-6i19LSoZE-00878-00161679-00161887 idea that's the the normal
f-6i19LSoZE-00879-00161888-00162031 or the natural next step that people
f-6i19LSoZE-00880-00162032-00162207 everybody assume is gonna happen
f-6i19LSoZE-00881-00162208-00162423 the other day i actually saw a video of
f-6i19LSoZE-00882-00162424-00162583 a woman she was being arrested i think
f-6i19LSoZE-00883-00162584-00162631 she was
f-6i19LSoZE-00884-00162632-00162807 she was drunk or whatever and there were
f-6i19LSoZE-00885-00162808-00162926 three police officers and they were
f-6i19LSoZE-00886-00162927-00163078 trying to hoist her up
f-6i19LSoZE-00887-00163079-00163254 and i guess she kicked one of the police
f-6i19LSoZE-00888-00163255-00163471 officers and then that process fell
f-6i19LSoZE-00889-00163472-00163639 and the police officer came and just
f-6i19LSoZE-00890-00163640-00163863 started punching her in the face
f-6i19LSoZE-00891-00163864-00164014 you know violently punching her in the
f-6i19LSoZE-00892-00164015-00164326 face but this is what made it different
f-6i19LSoZE-00893-00164327-00164543 his fellow police officers said no and
f-6i19LSoZE-00894-00164544-00164743 they pulled the police officer off of
f-6i19LSoZE-00895-00164744-00164799 her
f-6i19LSoZE-00896-00164800-00164951 pushed him to the side and said cool
f-6i19LSoZE-00897-00164952-00165159 down and then went back
f-6i19LSoZE-00898-00165160-00165366 and checked are you okay someone treated
f-6i19LSoZE-00899-00165367-00165559 her like a human i treated her like a
f-6i19LSoZE-00900-00165560-00165759 person and not sort of not rebecca
f-6i19LSoZE-00901-00165760-00165935 in the times of enslaved days people
f-6i19LSoZE-00902-00165936-00166119 were treated as property
f-6i19LSoZE-00903-00166120-00166319 they weren't people they were property
f-6i19LSoZE-00904-00166320-00166495 and in today's day
f-6i19LSoZE-00905-00166496-00166719 they aren't people they're images
f-6i19LSoZE-00906-00166720-00166807 they're
f-6i19LSoZE-00907-00166808-00166983 you know threats they're something
f-6i19LSoZE-00908-00166984-00167111 that's not necessarily
f-6i19LSoZE-00909-00167112-00167263 human and so i think that in order to
f-6i19LSoZE-00910-00167264-00167375 have this you need to be able to
f-6i19LSoZE-00911-00167376-00167471 dehumanize
f-6i19LSoZE-00912-00167472-00167671 a person in a particular way for that to
f-6i19LSoZE-00913-00167672-00167814 feel like it's okay
f-6i19LSoZE-00914-00167815-00168047 to do walter what do you think is the
f-6i19LSoZE-00915-00168048-00168247 historical significance of this
f-6i19LSoZE-00916-00168248-00168575 i agree i totally agree with uh both
f-6i19LSoZE-00917-00168576-00168878 it's yeah we're in it right right right
f-6i19LSoZE-00918-00168879-00169078 and so much has been said in my mind
f-6i19LSoZE-00919-00169079-00169254 it's just running out that we're in it
f-6i19LSoZE-00920-00169255-00169343 but
f-6i19LSoZE-00921-00169344-00169590 this thing can change like it's this the
f-6i19LSoZE-00922-00169591-00169735 time the synthesis can come around if
f-6i19LSoZE-00923-00169736-00169902 we're not still in it
f-6i19LSoZE-00924-00169903-00170087 it could be forgotten about almost but i
f-6i19LSoZE-00925-00170088-00170223 don't think it will this is going to go
f-6i19LSoZE-00926-00170224-00170343 a long time
f-6i19LSoZE-00927-00170344-00170647 yeah this is a very long time and i want
f-6i19LSoZE-00928-00170648-00170854 to share i want to share a story about
f-6i19LSoZE-00929-00170855-00171159 just our training when i was in academy
f-6i19LSoZE-00930-00171160-00171463 we would train on just the track and you
f-6i19LSoZE-00931-00171464-00171551 would just
f-6i19LSoZE-00932-00171552-00171838 you would react the way you were trained
f-6i19LSoZE-00933-00171839-00171975 to the person's
f-6i19LSoZE-00934-00171976-00172447 actions in the car to their actions
f-6i19LSoZE-00935-00172448-00172711 never to what they looked like or who
f-6i19LSoZE-00936-00172712-00172854 they were
f-6i19LSoZE-00937-00172855-00173095 and and perhaps we thought we were doing
f-6i19LSoZE-00938-00173096-00173254 the right thing by
f-6i19LSoZE-00939-00173255-00173511 it doesn't matter who's behind the scene
f-6i19LSoZE-00940-00173512-00173623 treated everybody that's
f-6i19LSoZE-00941-00173624-00173807 the same we all been taught that treat
f-6i19LSoZE-00942-00173808-00173975 everybody the same
f-6i19LSoZE-00943-00173976-00174199 can't do that anymore we got to treat us
f-6i19LSoZE-00944-00174200-00174287 different
f-6i19LSoZE-00945-00174288-00174551 we are different because our experiences
f-6i19LSoZE-00946-00174552-00174671 are different
f-6i19LSoZE-00947-00174672-00174871 our history is different you can't treat
f-6i19LSoZE-00948-00174872-00175023 us the same
f-6i19LSoZE-00949-00175024-00175271 so right what are other police saying
f-6i19LSoZE-00950-00175272-00175390 about this case
f-6i19LSoZE-00951-00175391-00175614 wow it's pretty much everybody is in
f-6i19LSoZE-00952-00175615-00175711 agreement it was
f-6i19LSoZE-00953-00175712-00175871 way too much nobody's been taught that
f-6i19LSoZE-00954-00175872-00176054 when i talk even with jive talking with
f-6i19LSoZE-00955-00176055-00176119 my buddies
f-6i19LSoZE-00956-00176120-00176263 i don't remember being taught the knee
f-6i19LSoZE-00957-00176264-00176423 move but we all know
f-6i19LSoZE-00958-00176424-00176678 no we all nobody is saying hey i've done
f-6i19LSoZE-00959-00176679-00176766 that before
f-6i19LSoZE-00960-00176767-00177014 everybody i've talked to is in agreement
f-6i19LSoZE-00961-00177015-00177087 that was
f-6i19LSoZE-00962-00177088-00177302 crazy that he did that why would he do
f-6i19LSoZE-00963-00177303-00177390 that but so
f-6i19LSoZE-00964-00177391-00177607 walter why didn't any of the other cops
f-6i19LSoZE-00965-00177608-00177726 that were standing around
f-6i19LSoZE-00966-00177727-00177871 say anything let me tell you something
f-6i19LSoZE-00967-00177872-00178031 that's hard it's
f-6i19LSoZE-00968-00178032-00178383 really hard to do it's really you have
f-6i19LSoZE-00969-00178384-00178471 to do it
f-6i19LSoZE-00970-00178472-00178726 you have to do it and if you can't do it
f-6i19LSoZE-00971-00178727-00178814 on the scene
f-6i19LSoZE-00972-00178815-00178983 you've got to do it the minute the scene
f-6i19LSoZE-00973-00178984-00179135 ends you've got to go in the locker room
f-6i19LSoZE-00974-00179136-00179199 and you got to see
f-6i19LSoZE-00975-00179200-00179407 that that thin blue line it's there you
f-6i19LSoZE-00976-00179408-00179535 got to say hey guys
f-6i19LSoZE-00977-00179536-00179799 i'm not part of that i'm not do not
f-6i19LSoZE-00978-00179800-00179943 you're not taking me down i have a
f-6i19LSoZE-00979-00179944-00180126 family you've got to do it
f-6i19LSoZE-00980-00180127-00180438 and and and it takes a big guy right
f-6i19LSoZE-00981-00180439-00180590 i don't mean a big guy like george it
f-6i19LSoZE-00982-00180591-00180790 takes a strong man
f-6i19LSoZE-00983-00180791-00181143 to on the scene say ho ho ho guys time
f-6i19LSoZE-00984-00181144-00181183 out
f-6i19LSoZE-00985-00181184-00181454 this is too much let me take over hit
f-6i19LSoZE-00986-00181455-00181623 the locker room hit the shower let me
f-6i19LSoZE-00987-00181624-00181702 take over this
f-6i19LSoZE-00988-00181703-00182031 let me help let me do this and it's hard
f-6i19LSoZE-00989-00182032-00182311 for men to do that but it's got to be
f-6i19LSoZE-00990-00182312-00182351 done
f-6i19LSoZE-00991-00182352-00182614 and it will and it will be done it's uh
f-6i19LSoZE-00992-00182615-00182751 interesting because they were also
f-6i19LSoZE-00993-00182752-00182926 new officers right weren't the other two
f-6i19LSoZE-00994-00182927-00183078 gentlemen they were new officers
f-6i19LSoZE-00995-00183079-00183343 and when i was listening to the defense
f-6i19LSoZE-00996-00183344-00183471 and they slowed everything down
f-6i19LSoZE-00997-00183472-00183654 they each were asking they were looking
f-6i19LSoZE-00998-00183655-00183863 to chauvin for leadership
f-6i19LSoZE-00999-00183864-00184031 is this what we do next shouldn't we put
f-6i19LSoZE-01000-00184032-00184238 him over to his side and he's like no
f-6i19LSoZE-01001-00184239-00184390 shouldn't we do there was like a oh gosh
f-6i19LSoZE-01002-00184391-00184551 what do they call it where they put the
f-6i19LSoZE-01003-00184552-00184678 the feet and the
f-6i19LSoZE-01004-00184679-00184999 together you know which i think is
f-6i19LSoZE-01005-00185000-00185119 probably one of the reasons why i'm
f-6i19LSoZE-01006-00185120-00185254 forgetting that is a terrible thing to
f-6i19LSoZE-01007-00185255-00185375 call it you know that's even
f-6i19LSoZE-01008-00185376-00185519 dehumanizing people even more when you
f-6i19LSoZE-01009-00185520-00185583 say that
f-6i19LSoZE-01010-00185584-00185735 you're tying up a hug that's basically
f-6i19LSoZE-01011-00185736-00185878 what and so they were really taking
f-6i19LSoZE-01012-00185879-00186014 their cues from him and i think that's
f-6i19LSoZE-01013-00186015-00186263 what happens a lot is that the veterans
f-6i19LSoZE-01014-00186264-00186414 there's a training that happens
f-6i19LSoZE-01015-00186415-00186550 that's what makes us remarkable and i
f-6i19LSoZE-01016-00186551-00186726 don't know if this is i
f-6i19LSoZE-01017-00186727-00186943 wanted to ask you walter actually not to
f-6i19LSoZE-01018-00186944-00187078 take it away from you or anything
f-6i19LSoZE-01019-00187079-00187247 this is a profession where you go to an
f-6i19LSoZE-01020-00187248-00187423 academy and i had never heard
f-6i19LSoZE-01021-00187424-00187702 this part of it before for i guess some
f-6i19LSoZE-01022-00187703-00187950 academies can be like nine weeks or
f-6i19LSoZE-01023-00187951-00188214 it's weeks basically whereas every most
f-6i19LSoZE-01024-00188215-00188399 every other profession requires at least
f-6i19LSoZE-01025-00188400-00188519 a bachelor's right
f-6i19LSoZE-01026-00188520-00188775 you know or even two years of training
f-6i19LSoZE-01027-00188776-00188887 in a university
f-6i19LSoZE-01028-00188888-00189126 and so you you give these young people
f-6i19LSoZE-01029-00189127-00189295 whatever weak amount of training
f-6i19LSoZE-01030-00189296-00189454 and then just throw them out into the
f-6i19LSoZE-01031-00189455-00189671 field and so a lot of it i feel like is
f-6i19LSoZE-01032-00189672-00189895 on the job training very similar to how
f-6i19LSoZE-01033-00189896-00189975 teachers work
f-6i19LSoZE-01034-00189976-00190102 and these are the two professions you're
f-6i19LSoZE-01035-00190103-00190278 not really allowed to touch but now
f-6i19LSoZE-01036-00190279-00190423 people are getting more critical you're
f-6i19LSoZE-01037-00190424-00190543 not allowed to talk about teachers and
f-6i19LSoZE-01038-00190544-00190743 you're not talking about police officers
f-6i19LSoZE-01039-00190744-00190926 because they're both doing something you
f-6i19LSoZE-01040-00190927-00191078 can't possibly imagine
f-6i19LSoZE-01041-00191079-00191254 doing but now that's really starting to
f-6i19LSoZE-01042-00191255-00191471 change and i was wondering if
f-6i19LSoZE-01043-00191472-00191719 if the does it require more training
f-6i19LSoZE-01044-00191720-00191902 should we look at a two-year degree
f-6i19LSoZE-01045-00191903-00192087 for people to receive so that they have
f-6i19LSoZE-01046-00192088-00192311 the time to look at things like implicit
f-6i19LSoZE-01047-00192312-00192383 bias
f-6i19LSoZE-01048-00192384-00192559 to be able to read about the history of
f-6i19LSoZE-01049-00192560-00192750 policing so they can be more
f-6i19LSoZE-01050-00192751-00192847 knowledgeable
f-6i19LSoZE-01051-00192848-00193078 about that before they go out there
f-6i19LSoZE-01052-00193079-00193166 because
f-6i19LSoZE-01053-00193167-00193495 every other profession has some kind of
f-6i19LSoZE-01054-00193496-00193623 check and balance
f-6i19LSoZE-01055-00193624-00193814 built into the system right you have a
f-6i19LSoZE-01056-00193815-00193990 bad lawyer you get their
f-6i19LSoZE-01057-00193991-00194150 law degree revoked you get a bad doctor
f-6i19LSoZE-01058-00194151-00194326 you get their medical degree
f-6i19LSoZE-01059-00194327-00194638 revoked and teachers and police officers
f-6i19LSoZE-01060-00194639-00194678 are the
f-6i19LSoZE-01061-00194679-00194990 two it's really hard to get rid of them
f-6i19LSoZE-01062-00194991-00195047 and
f-6i19LSoZE-01063-00195048-00195271 the veterans train the young people too
f-6i19LSoZE-01064-00195272-00195383 i i agree
f-6i19LSoZE-01065-00195384-00195599 i i like the degree the two-year degree
f-6i19LSoZE-01066-00195600-00195735 i'm sure at some point they'll consider
f-6i19LSoZE-01067-00195736-00195887 it there are some departments that
f-6i19LSoZE-01068-00195888-00196143 require it now but what i would like to
f-6i19LSoZE-01069-00196144-00196295 see is the degree come
f-6i19LSoZE-01070-00196296-00196543 after the employment because if you you
f-6i19LSoZE-01071-00196544-00196614 put the
f-6i19LSoZE-01072-00196615-00196726 stipulation that you have to have a
f-6i19LSoZE-01073-00196727-00196990 degree if you look at those departments
f-6i19LSoZE-01074-00196991-00197207 they're they're five percent are
f-6i19LSoZE-01075-00197208-00197359 minorities
f-6i19LSoZE-01076-00197360-00197559 right we want minorities won't get a
f-6i19LSoZE-01077-00197560-00197726 chance to do the job when they can do
f-6i19LSoZE-01078-00197727-00197783 the job
f-6i19LSoZE-01079-00197784-00198031 so i i do like it i would love to see a
f-6i19LSoZE-01080-00198032-00198159 degree in psychology
f-6i19LSoZE-01081-00198160-00198343 that you gain that you get once you join
f-6i19LSoZE-01082-00198344-00198583 the department and then you go to school
f-6i19LSoZE-01083-00198584-00198799 that would be very nice and training
f-6i19LSoZE-01084-00198800-00198935 also for mental illness
f-6i19LSoZE-01085-00198936-00199207 how to deal with it i i really would
f-6i19LSoZE-01086-00199208-00199343 like to see
f-6i19LSoZE-01087-00199344-00199647 uh the police trained in that and that
f-6i19LSoZE-01088-00199648-00199847 if we know that there's a case of mental
f-6i19LSoZE-01089-00199848-00200102 illness to send people that are really
f-6i19LSoZE-01090-00200103-00200278 trained and know how to deal with that
f-6i19LSoZE-01091-00200279-00200407 know how to de-escalate
f-6i19LSoZE-01092-00200408-00200647 because it's that's also another tragedy
f-6i19LSoZE-01093-00200648-00200783 of sending police who
f-6i19LSoZE-01094-00200784-00200983 don't understand what's going on there's
f-6i19LSoZE-01095-00200984-00201095 a guy brandishing a
f-6i19LSoZE-01096-00201096-00201390 a knife so let's just shoot him and also
f-6i19LSoZE-01097-00201391-00201495 that's one of the things that the
f-6i19LSoZE-01098-00201496-00201702 misnomers about defund the police
f-6i19LSoZE-01099-00201703-00201863 people thought it was like yeah don't
f-6i19LSoZE-01100-00201864-00202031 give the police any money but defund the
f-6i19LSoZE-01101-00202032-00202150 police was actually
f-6i19LSoZE-01102-00202151-00202423 requesting and asking that we need more
f-6i19LSoZE-01103-00202424-00202463 people
f-6i19LSoZE-01104-00202464-00202702 trained and to help the police because
f-6i19LSoZE-01105-00202703-00202887 you can't expect police officers to be
f-6i19LSoZE-01106-00202888-00203119 mental health counselors and family
f-6i19LSoZE-01107-00203120-00203199 therapists
f-6i19LSoZE-01108-00203200-00203438 and recognized when somebody needs drug
f-6i19LSoZE-01109-00203439-00203543 rehab and so i
f-6i19LSoZE-01110-00203544-00203743 think that it was a really i think
f-6i19LSoZE-01111-00203744-00203911 interesting thing to call it the phrase
f-6i19LSoZE-01112-00203912-00204054 deca thief on the police because it did
f-6i19LSoZE-01113-00204055-00204135 it just sounded
f-6i19LSoZE-01114-00204136-00204271 not the way that it was supposed to be
f-6i19LSoZE-01115-00204272-00204463 but i agree the mental health training
f-6i19LSoZE-01116-00204464-00204663 and that just to be able to say that
f-6i19LSoZE-01117-00204664-00204846 you can't expect this one person who's
f-6i19LSoZE-01118-00204848-00205079 gotten this limited amount of training
f-6i19LSoZE-01119-00205080-00205206 to be able to go out there and do all
f-6i19LSoZE-01120-00205207-00205431 those things i recognize that
f-6i19LSoZE-01121-00205432-00205590 i guess the funding the police is a
f-6i19LSoZE-01122-00205591-00205734 catchy slogan
f-6i19LSoZE-01123-00205735-00206094 rather than reallocate funding too
f-6i19LSoZE-01124-00206096-00206246 it wouldn't fit on the t-shirt so yeah
f-6i19LSoZE-01125-00206248-00206414 i'm okay you know it's got three
f-6i19LSoZE-01126-00206415-00206551 syllables to it you know
f-6i19LSoZE-01127-00206552-00206766 you're marching this has been just an
f-6i19LSoZE-01128-00206767-00206886 incredible discussion
f-6i19LSoZE-01129-00206887-00207151 and i'm grateful to to all of you i have
f-6i19LSoZE-01130-00207152-00207190 one
f-6i19LSoZE-01131-00207191-00207503 last question for all of you let's
f-6i19LSoZE-01132-00207504-00207806 you know turn the clock ahead 10 years
f-6i19LSoZE-01133-00207807-00207942 from now
f-6i19LSoZE-01134-00207944-00208206 what significant change are you hoping
f-6i19LSoZE-01135-00208207-00208327 to see
f-6i19LSoZE-01136-00208328-00208614 as a result of this moment in history
f-6i19LSoZE-01137-00208615-00208751 mimi we'll start with you
f-6i19LSoZE-01138-00208752-00209014 i hope that we're not hearing about this
f-6i19LSoZE-01139-00209015-00209119 anymore
f-6i19LSoZE-01140-00209119-00209390 i hope that people aren't being pulled
f-6i19LSoZE-01141-00209391-00209438 over
f-6i19LSoZE-01142-00209439-00209742 or stopped by police and dying
f-6i19LSoZE-01143-00209744-00210063 i hope that people will talk about
f-6i19LSoZE-01144-00210064-00210375 this moment as the end
f-6i19LSoZE-01145-00210376-00210575 the beginning of the end and i hope that
f-6i19LSoZE-01146-00210576-00210703 people will talk
f-6i19LSoZE-01147-00210704-00211023 about again the police being
f-6i19LSoZE-01148-00211023-00211446 our defenders our protectors our allies
f-6i19LSoZE-01149-00211448-00211646 i would hope that african americans
f-6i19LSoZE-01150-00211648-00211806 don't have to sit down with their
f-6i19LSoZE-01151-00211807-00212071 children and say honey if you ever see a
f-6i19LSoZE-01152-00212071-00212223 police officer make sure you show your
f-6i19LSoZE-01153-00212223-00212327 hands don't make any
f-6i19LSoZE-01154-00212328-00212655 sudden movements i hope that they don't
f-6i19LSoZE-01155-00212656-00212846 have to have those conversations anymore
f-6i19LSoZE-01156-00212848-00213223 in 10 years yeah marty how about you i
f-6i19LSoZE-01157-00213223-00213494 so again it's we're still processing
f-6i19LSoZE-01158-00213496-00213534 this
f-6i19LSoZE-01159-00213535-00213719 when i'll be very candid when the i sat
f-6i19LSoZE-01160-00213719-00213894 down to listen to the verdict
f-6i19LSoZE-01161-00213896-00214198 again fully expecting it to be either
f-6i19LSoZE-01162-00214200-00214398 not guilty on the smallest charge or
f-6i19LSoZE-01163-00214400-00214598 just not guilty all the way through
f-6i19LSoZE-01164-00214600-00214791 and when i started to hear the guilties
f-6i19LSoZE-01165-00214792-00214942 i started crying
f-6i19LSoZE-01166-00214944-00215175 and i purposely didn't want my son to
f-6i19LSoZE-01167-00215176-00215391 watch just in case
f-6i19LSoZE-01168-00215392-00215615 it wasn't going to be a good i'm verdict
f-6i19LSoZE-01169-00215616-00215791 and so then my husband goes upstairs and
f-6i19LSoZE-01170-00215792-00215958 he says yeah derek show him some guilty
f-6i19LSoZE-01171-00215959-00216151 and all i heard was yes
f-6i19LSoZE-01172-00216152-00216463 and he came downstairs and he's walking
f-6i19LSoZE-01173-00216464-00216623 around he goes wow isn't that great
f-6i19LSoZE-01174-00216623-00216710 isn't it
f-6i19LSoZE-01175-00216711-00216951 and i i was sitting there thinking he he
f-6i19LSoZE-01176-00216952-00217079 is he now
f-6i19LSoZE-01177-00217080-00217239 he's grown up in a different world than
f-6i19LSoZE-01178-00217240-00217406 i have rodney king happened three years
f-6i19LSoZE-01179-00217407-00217446 ago
f-6i19LSoZE-01180-00217448-00217663 this is his rodney king but with it with
f-6i19LSoZE-01181-00217664-00217751 the right outcome
f-6i19LSoZE-01182-00217752-00217934 that was supposed to happen because it
f-6i19LSoZE-01183-00217935-00218110 just seems so obvious and so i
f-6i19LSoZE-01184-00218111-00218351 i think a lot about for my son and i
f-6i19LSoZE-01185-00218352-00218510 hope that this is a world that
f-6i19LSoZE-01186-00218511-00218855 will continue to want to learn more
f-6i19LSoZE-01187-00218856-00219158 about racism in this country and the
f-6i19LSoZE-01188-00219159-00219342 systemic change that needs to happen
f-6i19LSoZE-01189-00219344-00219494 and we'll start thinking more deeply
f-6i19LSoZE-01190-00219496-00219646 that we don't lose this ability to think
f-6i19LSoZE-01191-00219648-00219782 deeply about things i
f-6i19LSoZE-01192-00219783-00219919 i tell people there's a lot of woke
f-6i19LSoZE-01193-00219919-00220063 wilma's walking around right now you
f-6i19LSoZE-01194-00220064-00220175 know they're all super woke
f-6i19LSoZE-01195-00220176-00220327 you know like ah i learned this and i
f-6i19LSoZE-01196-00220328-00220527 did that i've read abraham candy's book
f-6i19LSoZE-01197-00220528-00220719 and so now i know this and and seen and
f-6i19LSoZE-01198-00220719-00220879 so on and so forth and one of the things
f-6i19LSoZE-01199-00220880-00220934 that a
f-6i19LSoZE-01200-00220935-00221094 colleague of mine said is when people
f-6i19LSoZE-01201-00221096-00221231 are woke you have to remember at one
f-6i19LSoZE-01202-00221232-00221382 point they were asleep and so i'm hoping
f-6i19LSoZE-01203-00221383-00221431 that
f-6i19LSoZE-01204-00221432-00221615 people don't go back to sleep and feel
f-6i19LSoZE-01205-00221616-00221823 like it's this is not on our radar
f-6i19LSoZE-01206-00221823-00221871 anymore
f-6i19LSoZE-01207-00221871-00222055 so i want my son to continue to grow up
f-6i19LSoZE-01208-00222056-00222255 in a world where he really does see
f-6i19LSoZE-01209-00222256-00222439 some form of justice happen and he's not
f-6i19LSoZE-01210-00222440-00222582 sitting there thinking we
f-6i19LSoZE-01211-00222583-00222719 collectively as people of color are
f-6i19LSoZE-01212-00222719-00222927 never going to win this
f-6i19LSoZE-01213-00222928-00223223 this fight walter how about you ten
f-6i19LSoZE-01214-00223223-00223358 years from now what do you say ten years
f-6i19LSoZE-01215-00223359-00223463 not a long time
f-6i19LSoZE-01216-00223464-00223663 ten years is not a long time we'll see
f-6i19LSoZE-01217-00223664-00223782 much change continue
f-6i19LSoZE-01218-00223783-00223942 we won't see we're gonna need a little
f-6i19LSoZE-01219-00223944-00224119 more than that a little more than that
f-6i19LSoZE-01220-00224119-00224158 second
f-6i19LSoZE-01221-00224159-00224398 generation at least the rodney demons 30
f-6i19LSoZE-01222-00224400-00224527 years ago
f-6i19LSoZE-01223-00224528-00224719 we're gonna need a little more than 10.
f-6i19LSoZE-01224-00224719-00224894 we'll be right here i hate to say it
f-6i19LSoZE-01225-00224896-00224998 we'll be right here
f-6i19LSoZE-01226-00225000-00225191 there'll be there'll just be more cases
f-6i19LSoZE-01227-00225192-00225310 more trials
f-6i19LSoZE-01228-00225311-00225558 more videos there'll be more witnesses
f-6i19LSoZE-01229-00225559-00225679 but we'll be right here
f-6i19LSoZE-01230-00225680-00225879 i think eventually our youth will change
f-6i19LSoZE-01231-00225880-00226023 the world right our youth will change
f-6i19LSoZE-01232-00226023-00226119 the world my son
f-6i19LSoZE-01233-00226119-00226294 now when he was a kid we were watching
f-6i19LSoZE-01234-00226296-00226510 boxing match and it's a white guy and a
f-6i19LSoZE-01235-00226511-00226639 black guy fighting and i'm
f-6i19LSoZE-01236-00226640-00226863 i'm absolutely checking in to see where
f-6i19LSoZE-01237-00226864-00227039 how well i'm doing with raising this boy
f-6i19LSoZE-01238-00227040-00227175 so i said hey what's up which one do you
f-6i19LSoZE-01239-00227176-00227319 want to win he says the one in the red
f-6i19LSoZE-01240-00227319-00227375 shorts
f-6i19LSoZE-01241-00227376-00227598 and i thought yes he didn't see there
f-6i19LSoZE-01242-00227600-00227798 was a white guy and a black guy he saw
f-6i19LSoZE-01243-00227800-00228006 white shorts and red shorts
f-6i19LSoZE-01244-00228007-00228310 yes that's the future that's the future
f-6i19LSoZE-01245-00228311-00228431 it's going to take a lot more than 10
f-6i19LSoZE-01246-00228432-00228639 years yeah thank you and thank you for
f-6i19LSoZE-01247-00228640-00228710 that
f-6i19LSoZE-01248-00228711-00228967 thank you all so much for engaging in in
f-6i19LSoZE-01249-00228967-00229182 this discussion
f-6i19LSoZE-01250-00229183-00229582 wow just powerful perspectives from all
f-6i19LSoZE-01251-00229583-00229631 of you
f-6i19LSoZE-01252-00229632-00229894 from law enforcement from media from
f-6i19LSoZE-01253-00229896-00229975 legal
f-6i19LSoZE-01254-00229976-00230223 and educational this has just been
f-6i19LSoZE-01255-00230223-00230406 beyond expectations
f-6i19LSoZE-01256-00230407-00230687 so thank you for your time for your
f-6i19LSoZE-01257-00230688-00230846 perspectives and wisdom
f-6i19LSoZE-01258-00230848-00231031 and i'm grateful to your families for
f-6i19LSoZE-01259-00231032-00231175 loaning you
f-6i19LSoZE-01260-00231176-00231382 to me for about an hour on a friday
f-6i19LSoZE-01261-00231383-00231631 night so thank you all so much
f-6i19LSoZE-01262-00231632-00231839 hey guys thanks for watching if you
f-6i19LSoZE-01263-00231840-00231958 enjoyed this video
f-6i19LSoZE-01264-00231959-00232134 click the subscribe button to get the
f-6i19LSoZE-01265-00232135-00232334 latest content and check out these other
f-6i19LSoZE-01266-00232335-00232446 great clips
f-6i19LSoZE-01267-00232448-00232910 from the podcast
f-6i19LSoZE-01268-00232911-00234191 [Music]
f-6i19LSoZE-01269-00234192-00234400 you
f-_b4G3qALo-00000-00000056-00000407 compressed air energy storage see AES is
f-_b4G3qALo-00001-00000408-00000649 a way to store energy generated at one
f-_b4G3qALo-00002-00000650-00000869 time for use at another time using
f-_b4G3qALo-00003-00000869-00001200 compressed air at utility scale energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00004-00001201-00001469 generated during periods of low energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00005-00001470-00001702 demand off-peak can be released to meet
f-_b4G3qALo-00006-00001703-00002005 higher demand peak load periods
f-_b4G3qALo-00007-00002005-00002240 small-scale systems have long been used
f-_b4G3qALo-00008-00002241-00002504 in such applications as propulsion of
f-_b4G3qALo-00009-00002505-00002789 mine locomotives large-scale
f-_b4G3qALo-00010-00002790-00003001 applications must conserve the heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00011-00003002-00003238 energy associated with compressing air
f-_b4G3qALo-00012-00003239-00003415 dissipating heat lowers the energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00013-00003417-00004270 efficiency of the storage system topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00014-00004271-00004919 types compression of air creates heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00015-00004920-00005143 the air is warmer after compression
f-_b4G3qALo-00016-00005144-00005522 expansion removes heat if no extra heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00017-00005523-00005713 is added the air will be much colder
f-_b4G3qALo-00018-00005714-00006047 after expansion if the heat generated
f-_b4G3qALo-00019-00006048-00006263 during compression can be stored and
f-_b4G3qALo-00020-00006264-00006509 used during expansion the efficiency of
f-_b4G3qALo-00021-00006509-00006820 the storage improves considerably there
f-_b4G3qALo-00022-00006822-00007084 are three ways in which a CA es system
f-_b4G3qALo-00023-00007086-00007388 can deal with the heat air storage can
f-_b4G3qALo-00024-00007389-00008124 be adiabatic diabatic or isothermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00025-00008125-00008839 topic adiabatic adiabatic storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00026-00008840-00009041 continues to keep the heat produced by
f-_b4G3qALo-00027-00009042-00009281 compression and returns it to the air as
f-_b4G3qALo-00028-00009282-00009596 it is expanded to generate power this is
f-_b4G3qALo-00029-00009597-00009842 a subject of ongoing study with no
f-_b4G3qALo-00030-00009843-00010153 utility scale plants as of 2015 but a
f-_b4G3qALo-00031-00010154-00010376 German project adele is planning to
f-_b4G3qALo-00032-00010377-00010714 bring a demonstration plant 360 megawatt
f-_b4G3qALo-00033-00010715-00010981 hours storage capacity into service in
f-_b4G3qALo-00034-00010982-00011351 2016 the theoretical efficiency of
f-_b4G3qALo-00035-00011352-00011645 adiabatic storage approaches 100 percent
f-_b4G3qALo-00036-00011646-00011891 with perfect insulation but in practice
f-_b4G3qALo-00037-00011892-00012137 round trip efficiency is expected to be
f-_b4G3qALo-00038-00012138-00012520 70% heat can be stored in a solid such
f-_b4G3qALo-00039-00012521-00012799 as concrete or stone or more likely in a
f-_b4G3qALo-00040-00012800-00013058 fluid such as hot oil up to 300 degrees
f-_b4G3qALo-00041-00013059-00013376 Celsius or molten salt solutions
f-_b4G3qALo-00042-00013377-00014551 600 degrees Celsius topic diabatic
f-_b4G3qALo-00043-00014552-00014849 diabatic storage dissipates much of the
f-_b4G3qALo-00044-00014850-00015044 heat of compression with intercoolers
f-_b4G3qALo-00045-00015044-00015257 thus approaching isothermal compression
f-_b4G3qALo-00046-00015258-00015527 into the atmosphere as waste essentially
f-_b4G3qALo-00047-00015528-00015763 wasting thereby the renewable energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00048-00015765-00015997 used to perform the work of compression
f-_b4G3qALo-00049-00015997-00016256 upon removal from storage the
f-_b4G3qALo-00050-00016257-00016454 temperature of this compressed air is
f-_b4G3qALo-00051-00016455-00016640 the one indicator of the amount of
f-_b4G3qALo-00052-00016641-00016933 stored energy that remains in this air
f-_b4G3qALo-00053-00016934-00017192 consequently if the air temperature is
f-_b4G3qALo-00054-00017193-00017456 low for the energy recovery process the
f-_b4G3qALo-00055-00017457-00017696 air must be substantially reheated prior
f-_b4G3qALo-00056-00017697-00017927 to expansion in the turbine to power a
f-_b4G3qALo-00057-00017928-00018218 generator this reheating can be
f-_b4G3qALo-00058-00018219-00018422 accomplished with a natural gas-fired
f-_b4G3qALo-00059-00018423-00018695 burner for utility grade storage or with
f-_b4G3qALo-00060-00018696-00019052 a heated metal mass as recovery is often
f-_b4G3qALo-00061-00019053-00019265 most needed when renewable sources are
f-_b4G3qALo-00062-00019266-00019505 quiescent fuel must be burned to make up
f-_b4G3qALo-00063-00019506-00019796 for the wasted heat this degrades the
f-_b4G3qALo-00064-00019797-00020054 efficiency of the storage recovery cycle
f-_b4G3qALo-00065-00020055-00020246 and while this approach is relatively
f-_b4G3qALo-00066-00020247-00020483 simple the burning of fuel adds to the
f-_b4G3qALo-00067-00020484-00020693 cost of the recovered electrical energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00068-00020694-00020906 and compromises the ecological benefits
f-_b4G3qALo-00069-00020907-00021188 associated with most renewable energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00070-00021189-00021488 sources nevertheless this is thus far
f-_b4G3qALo-00071-00021489-00021689 the only system which has been
f-_b4G3qALo-00072-00021690-00022037 implemented commercially the McIntosh
f-_b4G3qALo-00073-00022038-00022406 Alabama C AES plant requires 2 point 5
f-_b4G3qALo-00074-00022407-00022712 mega joules of electricity and 1.2 mega
f-_b4G3qALo-00075-00022713-00023024 joules lower heating value LHV of gas
f-_b4G3qALo-00076-00023025-00023225 for each MJ of energy output
f-_b4G3qALo-00077-00023226-00023426 corresponding to an energy recovery
f-_b4G3qALo-00078-00023427-00023840 efficiency of about 27% a general
f-_b4G3qALo-00079-00023841-00024188 electric 7 F a 2x1 combined cycle plant
f-_b4G3qALo-00080-00024189-00024401 one of the most efficient natural gas
f-_b4G3qALo-00081-00024402-00024746 plants in operation uses 1.8 5 mega
f-_b4G3qALo-00082-00024747-00025025 joules lhv of gas per mega Joule
f-_b4G3qALo-00083-00025026-00025274 generated a 54 percent thermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00084-00025275-00025861 efficiency
f-_b4G3qALo-00085-00025862-00026573 topic isothermal isothermal can
f-_b4G3qALo-00086-00026574-00026792 and expansion approaches attempt to
f-_b4G3qALo-00087-00026793-00026989 maintain operating temperature by
f-_b4G3qALo-00088-00026991-00027161 constant heat exchange to the
f-_b4G3qALo-00089-00027162-00027482 environment they are only practical for
f-_b4G3qALo-00090-00027483-00027721 low power levels without very effective
f-_b4G3qALo-00091-00027722-00028004 heat exchanges the theoretical
f-_b4G3qALo-00092-00028005-00028262 efficiency of isothermal energy storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00093-00028263-00028532 approaches 100 percent for perfect heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00094-00028533-00028870 transfer to the environment in practice
f-_b4G3qALo-00095-00028872-00029095 neither of these perfect thermodynamic
f-_b4G3qALo-00096-00029097-00029360 cycles is obtainable as some heat losses
f-_b4G3qALo-00097-00029361-00030495 are unavoidable topic near isothermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00098-00030497-00030752 near isothermal compression and
f-_b4G3qALo-00099-00030752-00031043 expansion is a process in which a gas is
f-_b4G3qALo-00100-00031044-00031286 compressed in very close proximity to a
f-_b4G3qALo-00101-00031287-00031526 large incompressible thermal mass such
f-_b4G3qALo-00102-00031527-00031679 as a heat absorbing and releasing
f-_b4G3qALo-00103-00031680-00032164 structure har s or a water spray a h AR
f-_b4G3qALo-00104-00032165-00032417 s is usually made up of a series of
f-_b4G3qALo-00105-00032418-00032752 parallel fins as the gas is compressed
f-_b4G3qALo-00106-00032753-00032939 the heat of compression is rapidly
f-_b4G3qALo-00107-00032940-00033179 transferred to the thermal mass so the
f-_b4G3qALo-00108-00033180-00033445 gas temperature is stabilized an
f-_b4G3qALo-00109-00033446-00033727 external cooling circuit is then used to
f-_b4G3qALo-00110-00033728-00033929 maintain the temperature of the thermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00111-00033930-00034339 mass the isothermal efficiency Z is a
f-_b4G3qALo-00112-00034340-00034520 measure of where the process lies
f-_b4G3qALo-00113-00034521-00034714 between an adiabatic and isothermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00114-00034715-00035168 process if the efficiency is 0% then it
f-_b4G3qALo-00115-00035169-00035399 is totally adiabatic with an efficiency
f-_b4G3qALo-00116-00035400-00035745 of 100% it is totally isothermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00117-00035746-00035929 typically with the near isothermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00118-00035930-00036335 process an efficiency of 90 to 95% can
f-_b4G3qALo-00119-00036336-00037374 be expected topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00120-00037375-00037750 one implementation of isothermal CA es
f-_b4G3qALo-00121-00037751-00037975 uses high medium and low pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00122-00037976-00038194 pistons in series with each stage
f-_b4G3qALo-00123-00038195-00038416 followed by an air-blast venturi pump
f-_b4G3qALo-00124-00038417-00038668 that draws ambient air over an air to
f-_b4G3qALo-00125-00038669-00038935 air or air to seawater heat exchanger
f-_b4G3qALo-00126-00038936-00039244 between each expansion stage early
f-_b4G3qALo-00127-00039245-00039499 compressed air torpedo designs used a
f-_b4G3qALo-00128-00039500-00039745 similar approach substituting seawater
f-_b4G3qALo-00129-00039746-00040105 for air the venturi warms the exhaust of
f-_b4G3qALo-00130-00040106-00040300 the preceding stage and admits this
f-_b4G3qALo-00131-00040301-00040527 preheated air to the following stage
f-_b4G3qALo-00132-00040528-00040816 this approach was widely adopted in
f-_b4G3qALo-00133-00040817-00041044 various compressed air vehicles such as
f-_b4G3qALo-00134-00041045-00041353 HK Porter inks mining locomotives and
f-_b4G3qALo-00135-00041354-00041662 trams here the heat of compression is
f-_b4G3qALo-00136-00041663-00041884 effectively stored in the atmosphere or
f-_b4G3qALo-00137-00041885-00042715 sea and returned later on topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00138-00042716-00043357 compressors and expanders compression
f-_b4G3qALo-00139-00043358-00043528 can be done with electrically powered
f-_b4G3qALo-00140-00043529-00043771 turbo compressors and expansion with
f-_b4G3qALo-00141-00043772-00044032 turbo expanders or air engines driving
f-_b4G3qALo-00142-00044033-00044218 electrical generators to produce
f-_b4G3qALo-00143-00044219-00045496 electricity topic storage the storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00144-00045497-00045775 system of a/c AES compressed air energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00145-00045776-00046008 storage is one of the most interesting
f-_b4G3qALo-00146-00046009-00046240 characteristics of this technology and
f-_b4G3qALo-00147-00046241-00046438 it is strictly related to its economic
f-_b4G3qALo-00148-00046439-00046684 feasibility energy density and
f-_b4G3qALo-00149-00046685-00046981 flexibility there are a few categories
f-_b4G3qALo-00150-00046982-00047223 of air storage vessels based on the
f-_b4G3qALo-00151-00047224-00047446 thermodynamic conditions of the storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00152-00047447-00047842 and on the technology chosen constant
f-_b4G3qALo-00153-00047843-00048091 volume storage solution mined caverns
f-_b4G3qALo-00154-00048092-00048385 above-ground vessels aquifers automotive
f-_b4G3qALo-00155-00048386-00048817 applications etc constant pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00156-00048818-00049042 storage underwater pressure vessels
f-_b4G3qALo-00157-00049043-00049291 hybrid pumped hydro compressed air
f-_b4G3qALo-00158-00049292-00049826 storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00159-00049827-00050465 topic constant-volume storage this
f-_b4G3qALo-00160-00050466-00050690 storage system uses a chamber with
f-_b4G3qALo-00161-00050691-00050891 specific boundaries to store large
f-_b4G3qALo-00162-00050892-00051167 amounts of air this means from a
f-_b4G3qALo-00163-00051168-00051404 thermodynamic point of view that this
f-_b4G3qALo-00164-00051405-00051662 system is a constant volume and variable
f-_b4G3qALo-00165-00051663-00051908 pressure system this causes some
f-_b4G3qALo-00166-00051909-00052154 operational problems to the compressors
f-_b4G3qALo-00167-00052155-00052388 and turbines operating on them so the
f-_b4G3qALo-00168-00052389-00052592 pressure variations have to be kept
f-_b4G3qALo-00169-00052593-00052836 below a certain limit as do the stresses
f-_b4G3qALo-00170-00052837-00053040 induced on the storage vessels the
f-_b4G3qALo-00171-00053041-00053249 storage vessel is often an underground
f-_b4G3qALo-00172-00053250-00053525 cavern created by solution mining salt
f-_b4G3qALo-00173-00053526-00053772 is dissolved in water for extraction or
f-_b4G3qALo-00174-00053773-00054048 by utilizing an abandoned mine use of
f-_b4G3qALo-00175-00054049-00054285 porous rock formations rocks which have
f-_b4G3qALo-00176-00054286-00054494 holes through which liquid or air can
f-_b4G3qALo-00177-00054495-00054741 pass such as those in which reservoirs
f-_b4G3qALo-00178-00054741-00054996 of natural gas are found has also been
f-_b4G3qALo-00179-00054997-00055215 studied in some cases also an
f-_b4G3qALo-00180-00055216-00055436 above-ground pipeline was tested as a
f-_b4G3qALo-00181-00055437-00055693 storage system giving some good results
f-_b4G3qALo-00182-00055694-00056004 obviously the cost of the system is
f-_b4G3qALo-00183-00056004-00056237 higher but it can be placed wherever the
f-_b4G3qALo-00184-00056238-00056454 designer chooses while an underground
f-_b4G3qALo-00185-00056454-00056703 system needs some particular geologic
f-_b4G3qALo-00186-00056704-00057026 formations salt domes aquifers depleted
f-_b4G3qALo-00187-00057027-00057915 gas mines etc topic constant pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00188-00057916-00058524 storage in this case the storage vessel
f-_b4G3qALo-00189-00058525-00058754 is kept at a constant pressure while the
f-_b4G3qALo-00190-00058755-00058961 gas is contained in a variable volume
f-_b4G3qALo-00191-00058962-00059324 vessel many types of storage vessel have
f-_b4G3qALo-00192-00059325-00059523 been proposed but the operating
f-_b4G3qALo-00193-00059524-00059762 conditions follow the same principle the
f-_b4G3qALo-00194-00059763-00059985 storage vessel is positioned hundreds of
f-_b4G3qALo-00195-00059986-00060212 metres underwater and the hydrostatic
f-_b4G3qALo-00196-00060213-00060404 pressure of the water column above the
f-_b4G3qALo-00197-00060405-00060621 storage vessel allows maintaining the
f-_b4G3qALo-00198-00060622-00060913 pressure at the desired level this
f-_b4G3qALo-00199-00060914-00061301 configuration allows improve the energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00200-00061302-00061526 density of the storage system because
f-_b4G3qALo-00201-00061527-00061734 all the air contained can be used the
f-_b4G3qALo-00202-00061735-00061923 pressure is constant in all charge
f-_b4G3qALo-00203-00061924-00062184 conditions full or empty the pressure is
f-_b4G3qALo-00204-00062185-00062450 the same so that turbine has no problem
f-_b4G3qALo-00205-00062451-00062687 exploiting it while with constant volume
f-_b4G3qALo-00206-00062688-00062912 systems after a while the pressure goes
f-_b4G3qALo-00207-00062913-00063123 below a safety limit and the system
f-_b4G3qALo-00208-00063124-00063300 needs to stop
f-_b4G3qALo-00209-00063301-00063537 improve the efficiency of the turbo
f-_b4G3qALo-00210-00063538-00063767 machinery which will work under constant
f-_b4G3qALo-00211-00063769-00064110 Inlet conditions opens to the use of
f-_b4G3qALo-00212-00064111-00064347 different geographic locations for the
f-_b4G3qALo-00213-00064348-00064619 positioning of the sea AES Plant coastal
f-_b4G3qALo-00214-00064620-00064901 lines floating platforms etc on the
f-_b4G3qALo-00215-00064902-00065112 other hand the cost of this storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00216-00065113-00065346 system is higher due to the need of
f-_b4G3qALo-00217-00065347-00065543 positioning the storage vessel on the
f-_b4G3qALo-00218-00065544-00065748 bottom of the chosen water reservoir
f-_b4G3qALo-00219-00065749-00065973 often the sea or the ocean and due to
f-_b4G3qALo-00220-00065974-00066206 the cost of the vessel itself plants
f-_b4G3qALo-00221-00066207-00066447 operate on a daily cycle charging at
f-_b4G3qALo-00222-00066448-00066682 night and discharging during the day
f-_b4G3qALo-00223-00066683-00066938 heating of the compressed air using
f-_b4G3qALo-00224-00066939-00067157 natural gas or geothermal heat to
f-_b4G3qALo-00225-00067158-00067350 increase the amount of energy being
f-_b4G3qALo-00226-00067351-00067544 extracted has been studied by the
f-_b4G3qALo-00227-00067545-00067757 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
f-_b4G3qALo-00228-00067758-00068031 compressed air energy storage can also
f-_b4G3qALo-00229-00068032-00068280 be employed on a smaller scale such as
f-_b4G3qALo-00230-00068281-00068517 exploited by air cars and air driven
f-_b4G3qALo-00231-00068518-00068750 locomotives and can use high-strength
f-_b4G3qALo-00232-00068751-00069125 carbon-fiber air storage tanks in order
f-_b4G3qALo-00233-00069126-00069303 to retain the energy stored in
f-_b4G3qALo-00234-00069304-00069482 compressed air this tank should be
f-_b4G3qALo-00235-00069483-00069666 firmly isolated from the environment
f-_b4G3qALo-00236-00069667-00069966 else the energy stored will escape under
f-_b4G3qALo-00237-00069967-00070163 the form of heat since compressing air
f-_b4G3qALo-00238-00070164-00071731 raises its temperature topic history
f-_b4G3qALo-00239-00071732-00072440 topic transmission citywide compressed
f-_b4G3qALo-00240-00072441-00072682 air energy systems have been built since
f-_b4G3qALo-00241-00072683-00073028 1870 cities such as Paris France
f-_b4G3qALo-00242-00073029-00073304 Birmingham England Dresden Rick's Dorf
f-_b4G3qALo-00243-00073305-00073553 and often bark Germany and Buenos Aires
f-_b4G3qALo-00244-00073554-00073955 Argentina installed such systems Victor
f-_b4G3qALo-00245-00073956-00074176 pop constructed the first systems to
f-_b4G3qALo-00246-00074177-00074399 power clocks by sending a pulse of air
f-_b4G3qALo-00247-00074400-00074591 every minute to change their pointer
f-_b4G3qALo-00248-00074592-00074879 arms they quickly evolved to deliver
f-_b4G3qALo-00249-00074880-00075257 power to homes and industry as of 1896
f-_b4G3qALo-00250-00075258-00075560 the Paris system had 2.2 megawatts of
f-_b4G3qALo-00251-00075561-00075878 generation distributed at 550 kilo
f-_b4G3qALo-00252-00075879-00076139 Pascal's in 50 kilometres of air pipes
f-_b4G3qALo-00253-00076140-00076420 for motors in life and heavy industry
f-_b4G3qALo-00254-00076421-00076769 usage was measured by cubic meters the
f-_b4G3qALo-00255-00076770-00076957 systems were the main source of house
f-_b4G3qALo-00256-00076958-00077210 delivered energy in those days and also
f-_b4G3qALo-00257-00077211-00077387 powered the machines of dentists
f-_b4G3qALo-00258-00077388-00077639 seamstresses printing facilities and
f-_b4G3qALo-00259-00077640-00078944 bakeries topic storage 1978 the first
f-_b4G3qALo-00260-00078945-00079187 utility scale compressed air energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00261-00079188-00079517 storage project was the 290 megawatt
f-_b4G3qALo-00262-00079518-00079772 hunter plant in Germany using a salt
f-_b4G3qALo-00263-00079773-00080303 dome 1991 a 110 megawatt plant with a
f-_b4G3qALo-00264-00080304-00080573 capacity of 26 hours was built in
f-_b4G3qALo-00265-00080574-00081026 McIntosh Alabama 1991 the Alabama
f-_b4G3qALo-00266-00081027-00081329 facility's 65 million dollars cost works
f-_b4G3qALo-00267-00081330-00081611 out to 590 dollars per kilowatt of
f-_b4G3qALo-00268-00081612-00082031 generation capacity and about $23 per KW
f-_b4G3qALo-00269-00082032-00082322 hour of storage capacity using a 19
f-_b4G3qALo-00270-00082323-00082556 million cubic foot solution mines salt
f-_b4G3qALo-00271-00082557-00082966 cavern to store air at up to 1,100 psi
f-_b4G3qALo-00272-00082967-00083201 although the compression phase is
f-_b4G3qALo-00273-00083202-00083459 approximately 82 percent efficient the
f-_b4G3qALo-00274-00083460-00083701 expansion phase requires combustion of
f-_b4G3qALo-00275-00083702-00083926 natural gas at one-third the rate of a
f-_b4G3qALo-00276-00083927-00084179 gas turbine producing the same amount of
f-_b4G3qALo-00277-00084180-00084587 electricity December 2012 general
f-_b4G3qALo-00278-00084588-00084806 compression completes construction of a
f-_b4G3qALo-00279-00084807-00085082 two megawatts near isothermal CAE
f-_b4G3qALo-00280-00085083-00085379 project in Gaines TX the world's third
f-_b4G3qALo-00281-00085380-00086308 sea AES project the project uses no fuel
f-_b4G3qALo-00282-00086309-00087085 topic projects hunt off plant in Germany
f-_b4G3qALo-00283-00087086-00087587 290 megawatts diabatic 580 megawatt
f-_b4G3qALo-00284-00087588-00087970 hours energy 42% efficiency
f-_b4G3qALo-00285-00087971-00088400 McIntosh plant in Alabama USA 110
f-_b4G3qALo-00286-00088401-00088724 megawatts diabatic two thousand eight
f-_b4G3qALo-00287-00088725-00088967 hundred and sixty megawatt hours energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00288-00088968-00089495 54 percent efficiency November 2009 the
f-_b4G3qALo-00289-00089496-00089750 US Department of Energy Awards twenty
f-_b4G3qALo-00290-00089751-00089921 four point nine million dollars in
f-_b4G3qALo-00291-00089922-00090152 matching funds for phase one over three
f-_b4G3qALo-00292-00090153-00090344 hundred megawatts three hundred and
f-_b4G3qALo-00293-00090345-00090605 fifty six million dollars Pacific Gas &
f-_b4G3qALo-00294-00090606-00090854 Electric Company installation utilizing
f-_b4G3qALo-00295-00090855-00091094 a saline porous rock formation being
f-_b4G3qALo-00296-00091095-00091301 developed near Bakersfield in Kern
f-_b4G3qALo-00297-00091302-00091628 County California goals of the project
f-_b4G3qALo-00298-00091629-00091862 are to build and validate an advanced
f-_b4G3qALo-00299-00091863-00092300 design December 2010 the US Department
f-_b4G3qALo-00300-00092301-00092516 of Energy provides twenty nine point
f-_b4G3qALo-00301-00092517-00092708 four million dollars in funding to
f-_b4G3qALo-00302-00092709-00092978 conduct preliminary work on a 150
f-_b4G3qALo-00303-00092979-00093137 megawatt salt-based
f-_b4G3qALo-00304-00093138-00093383 si AES project being developed by
f-_b4G3qALo-00305-00093384-00093712 Iberdrola USA in Watkins Glen New York
f-_b4G3qALo-00306-00093713-00094028 the goal is to incorporate smart grid
f-_b4G3qALo-00307-00094029-00094229 technology to balance renewable
f-_b4G3qALo-00308-00094230-00094637 intermittent energy sources 2013 the
f-_b4G3qALo-00309-00094638-00094982 first adiabatic CA AES project a 200
f-_b4G3qALo-00310-00094983-00095201 megawatt facility called Adel was
f-_b4G3qALo-00311-00095202-00095501 planned for construction in Germany this
f-_b4G3qALo-00312-00095502-00095750 project has been delayed for undisclosed
f-_b4G3qALo-00313-00095751-00096205 reasons until at least 2016 2017
f-_b4G3qALo-00314-00096206-00096449 projected store lectric Limited is
f-_b4G3qALo-00315-00096450-00096701 planning to build a 40 megawatts 100
f-_b4G3qALo-00316-00096702-00096944 percent renewable energy pilot plant in
f-_b4G3qALo-00317-00096945-00097259 Cheshire UK with 800 megawatt hours
f-_b4G3qALo-00318-00097260-00097556 storage capacity this would be 20 times
f-_b4G3qALo-00319-00097557-00097898 larger than any 100% renewable energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00320-00097899-00098255 sea AES build so far representing a step
f-_b4G3qALo-00321-00098256-00098545 change in the storage industry
f-_b4G3qALo-00322-00098546-00098957 according to their website 20/20
f-_b4G3qALo-00323-00098958-00099230 projected apex has planned a sea AES
f-_b4G3qALo-00324-00099231-00099485 plant for Anderson County Texas to go
f-_b4G3qALo-00325-00099486-00099851 online in 2016 this project has been
f-_b4G3qALo-00326-00099852-00100070 delayed and will not go into operation
f-_b4G3qALo-00327-00100071-00100576 until summer 2020 LAN Northern Ireland a
f-_b4G3qALo-00328-00100577-00100976 330 megawatts C AES project to solution
f-_b4G3qALo-00329-00100977-00101204 mine two caverns in a salt deposit
f-_b4G3qALo-00330-00101205-00101545 supported by EU with 90 million euros
f-_b4G3qALo-00331-00101546-00102011 the European Union funded our icas 2020
f-_b4G3qALo-00332-00102012-00102275 antia Baddeck project in Austria uses
f-_b4G3qALo-00333-00102276-00102455 crushed rock to store heat from the
f-_b4G3qALo-00334-00102456-00102629 compression process to improve
f-_b4G3qALo-00335-00102630-00102950 efficiency the system was expected to
f-_b4G3qALo-00336-00102951-00103723 achieve 70 to 80 percent efficiency
f-_b4G3qALo-00337-00103724-00104485 topic storage thermodynamics in order to
f-_b4G3qALo-00338-00104486-00104729 achieve a near thermodynamic reversible
f-_b4G3qALo-00339-00104730-00104963 process so that most of the energy is
f-_b4G3qALo-00340-00104964-00105160 saved in the system and can be retrieved
f-_b4G3qALo-00341-00105161-00105392 and losses are kept negligible an
f-_b4G3qALo-00342-00105393-00105658 irreversible isothermal process or an
f-_b4G3qALo-00343-00105659-00106477 isentropic process is desired topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00344-00106478-00107078 isothermal storage in an isothermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00345-00107079-00107321 compression process the gas in the
f-_b4G3qALo-00346-00107322-00107501 system is kept at a constant temperature
f-_b4G3qALo-00347-00107502-00107825 throughout this necessarily requires
f-_b4G3qALo-00348-00107826-00108023 exchange of heat with the gas otherwise
f-_b4G3qALo-00349-00108024-00108242 the temperature would rise during
f-_b4G3qALo-00350-00108243-00108559 charging and drop during discharge this
f-_b4G3qALo-00351-00108560-00108788 heat exchange can be achieved by heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00352-00108789-00108950 exchanges intercooling
f-_b4G3qALo-00353-00108951-00109154 between subsequent stages in the
f-_b4G3qALo-00354-00109155-00109483 compressor regulator and tank to avoid
f-_b4G3qALo-00355-00109484-00109613 wasted energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00356-00109614-00109844 the intercoolers must be optimized for
f-_b4G3qALo-00357-00109845-00110107 high heat transfer and low pressure drop
f-_b4G3qALo-00358-00110108-00110366 smaller compressors can approximate
f-_b4G3qALo-00359-00110367-00110564 isothermal compression even without
f-_b4G3qALo-00360-00110565-00110785 intercooling due to the relatively high
f-_b4G3qALo-00361-00110786-00111074 ratio of surface area to volume of the
f-_b4G3qALo-00362-00111075-00111269 compression chamber and the resulting
f-_b4G3qALo-00363-00111270-00111500 improvement in heat dissipation from the
f-_b4G3qALo-00364-00111501-00111826 compressor body itself when one
f-_b4G3qALo-00365-00111827-00112078 Taine's perfect isothermal storage and
f-_b4G3qALo-00366-00112079-00112315 discharge the process is said to be
f-_b4G3qALo-00367-00112316-00112651 reversible this requires that the heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00368-00112652-00112861 transfer between the surroundings and
f-_b4G3qALo-00369-00112862-00113057 the gas occur over an infinitesimally
f-_b4G3qALo-00370-00113058-00113386 small temperature difference in that
f-_b4G3qALo-00371-00113387-00113638 case there is no exergy loss in the heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00372-00113639-00113870 transfer process and so the compression
f-_b4G3qALo-00373-00113871-00114070 work can be completely recovered as
f-_b4G3qALo-00374-00114071-00114450 expansion work 100% storage efficiency
f-_b4G3qALo-00375-00114451-00114745 however in practice there is always a
f-_b4G3qALo-00376-00114746-00114937 temperature difference in any heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00377-00114938-00115201 transfer process and so all practical
f-_b4G3qALo-00378-00115202-00115418 energy storage obtains efficiencies
f-_b4G3qALo-00379-00115419-00115804 lower than 100% to estimate the
f-_b4G3qALo-00380-00115805-00116008 compression expansion work in an
f-_b4G3qALo-00381-00116009-00116263 isothermal process it may be assumed
f-_b4G3qALo-00382-00116264-00116479 that the compressed air obeys the ideal
f-_b4G3qALo-00383-00116480-00118011 gas law P V equals n T equals constant
f-_b4G3qALo-00384-00118012-00118375 display style PV equals NRT equals
f-_b4G3qALo-00385-00118376-00118762 operator named constant from a process
f-_b4G3qALo-00386-00118763-00119020 from an initial state a to a final state
f-_b4G3qALo-00387-00119021-00119968 B with absolute temperature T equals T a
f-_b4G3qALo-00388-00119969-00120715 equals T B display style T equals T
f-_b4G3qALo-00389-00120716-00121057 underscore a equals T underscore B
f-_b4G3qALo-00390-00121058-00121363 constant one finds the work required for
f-_b4G3qALo-00391-00121364-00121558 compression negative or done by the
f-_b4G3qALo-00392-00121559-00122590 expansion positive to be W a B equals V
f-_b4G3qALo-00393-00122591-00123141 a V
f-_b4G3qALo-00394-00123142-00125457 b.p T V equals V a V B n ah T V D V
f-_b4G3qALo-00395-00125458-00128220 equals M uh T V a V B 1 V D V equals n t
f-_b4G3qALo-00396-00128221-00130058 Blaine V B - Blaine V ay equals n t
f-_b4G3qALo-00397-00130059-00132183 plain v b v hey equals n t plain P hey P
f-_b4G3qALo-00398-00132184-00132761 B equals P
f-_b4G3qALo-00399-00132762-00133487 hey V hey Lane PAP be displaced I'll
f-_b4G3qALo-00400-00133488-00133799 begin aligned W underscore to be and
f-_b4G3qALo-00401-00133800-00134072 equals in underscore V underscore a
f-_b4G3qALo-00402-00134073-00134420 caret V underscore B P DV equals in
f-_b4G3qALo-00403-00134421-00134693 underscore the underscore a caret V
f-_b4G3qALo-00404-00134694-00135127 underscore be frac NR T V DV equals NRT
f-_b4G3qALo-00405-00135128-00135454 in underscore V underscore a caret V
f-_b4G3qALo-00406-00135455-00135869 underscore be frac 1 V DV and equals NRT
f-_b4G3qALo-00407-00135870-00136216 Lane V underscore be Lane V underscore a
f-_b4G3qALo-00408-00136217-00136607 equals NRT Lane frac v underscore b v
f-_b4G3qALo-00409-00136608-00136946 underscore equals NRT lane frac p
f-_b4G3qALo-00410-00136947-00137254 underscore AP underscore b equals p
f-_b4G3qALo-00411-00137255-00137566 underscore a v underscore our lane frack
f-_b4G3qALo-00412-00137567-00137849 be underscore a p underscore be end
f-_b4G3qALo-00413-00137850-00138214 aligned where pv equals p AV a equals p
f-_b4G3qALo-00414-00138215-00138514 bv be displaced out PV equals p
f-_b4G3qALo-00415-00138515-00138814 underscore a v underscore R equals P
f-_b4G3qALo-00416-00138815-00139184 underscore be V underscore B and so v bv
f-_b4G3qALo-00417-00139185-00139721 a equals p APB display style frack v
f-_b4G3qALo-00418-00139722-00140057 underscore b v underscore R equals frac
f-_b4G3qALo-00419-00140058-00140725 p underscore AP underscore be here P
f-_b4G3qALo-00420-00140726-00141223 display style P is the absolute pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00421-00141224-00141814 V display style V is the volume of the
f-_b4G3qALo-00422-00141815-00142453 vessel n display style n is the amount
f-_b4G3qALo-00423-00142454-00142776 of substance of gas mole and
f-_b4G3qALo-00424-00142777-00143292 ah display style our is the ideal gas
f-_b4G3qALo-00425-00143293-00143616 constant if there is a constant pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00426-00143617-00143871 outside of the vessel which is equal to
f-_b4G3qALo-00427-00143872-00144477 the starting pressure P hey display
f-_b4G3qALo-00428-00144478-00144873 style P underscore the positive work of
f-_b4G3qALo-00429-00144874-00145035 the outer pressure reduces the
f-_b4G3qALo-00430-00145036-00145386 exploitable energy negative value this
f-_b4G3qALo-00431-00145387-00145973 adds a term to the equation above W hey
f-_b4G3qALo-00432-00145974-00147770 B equals P hey V hey Blaine P hey P B
f-_b4G3qALo-00433-00147771-00149747 plus V ay minus V B P hey equals P be V
f-_b4G3qALo-00434-00149748-00152048 be plain p a p b+ p be minus P hey V be
f-_b4G3qALo-00435-00152049-00152361 displaced style W underscore up to be
f-_b4G3qALo-00436-00152362-00152631 equals P underscore a the underscore
f-_b4G3qALo-00437-00152632-00153003 lane frag P underscore ap underscore B
f-_b4G3qALo-00438-00153004-00153348 plus V underscore V underscore BP
f-_b4G3qALo-00439-00153349-00153654 underscore a equals P underscore b v
f-_b4G3qALo-00440-00153655-00154002 underscore be lane frag be underscore AP
f-_b4G3qALo-00441-00154003-00154320 underscore B plus P underscore BP
f-_b4G3qALo-00442-00154321-00154905 underscore a V underscore be example how
f-_b4G3qALo-00443-00154906-00155169 much energy can be stored in a 1 cubic
f-_b4G3qALo-00444-00155170-00155418 meter storage vessel at a pressure of 70
f-_b4G3qALo-00445-00155419-00155760 bars 7.0 mega Pascal's if the ambient
f-_b4G3qALo-00446-00155761-00155903 pressure is 1 bar
f-_b4G3qALo-00447-00155904-00156147 0.10 mega Pascal's
f-_b4G3qALo-00448-00156148-00156715 in this case the process work is W
f-_b4G3qALo-00449-00156716-00158675 equals P be V be plain P hey P B plus P
f-_b4G3qALo-00450-00158676-00159873 B minus P hey V be displaced aisle W
f-_b4G3qALo-00451-00159874-00160175 equals P underscore be the underscore be
f-_b4G3qALo-00452-00160176-00160419 blamed frack the underscore AP
f-_b4G3qALo-00453-00160420-00160731 underscore B plus P underscore be P
f-_b4G3qALo-00454-00160732-00161629 underscore a V underscore B topic equals
f-_b4G3qALo-00455-00161630-00161973 7.0 mega Pascal's times 1 cubic meter
f-_b4G3qALo-00456-00161974-00162462 times Lane 0.1 mega Pascal's 7.0 mega
f-_b4G3qALo-00457-00162463-00162936 Pascal's plus 7.0 mega Pascal's to 0.1
f-_b4G3qALo-00458-00162937-00163688 mega Pascal's by 1 cubic meter minus
f-_b4G3qALo-00459-00163689-00163881 twenty two point eight mega joules
f-_b4G3qALo-00460-00163882-00164106 equivalently six point three three
f-_b4G3qALo-00461-00164107-00164354 kilowatt hours the negative sign means
f-_b4G3qALo-00462-00164355-00164544 that work is done on the gas by the
f-_b4G3qALo-00463-00164545-00164891 surroundings process irreversibilities
f-_b4G3qALo-00464-00164892-00165152 such as in heat transfer will result in
f-_b4G3qALo-00465-00165153-00165357 less energy being recovered from the
f-_b4G3qALo-00466-00165358-00165597 expansion process than is required for
f-_b4G3qALo-00467-00165598-00165858 the compression process if the
f-_b4G3qALo-00468-00165859-00166037 environment is at a constant temperature
f-_b4G3qALo-00469-00166038-00166335 for example the thermal resistance in
f-_b4G3qALo-00470-00166336-00166497 the inter clause will mean that the
f-_b4G3qALo-00471-00166498-00166627 compression occurs at a temperature
f-_b4G3qALo-00472-00166628-00166809 somewhat higher than the ambient
f-_b4G3qALo-00473-00166810-00167063 temperature and the expansion will occur
f-_b4G3qALo-00474-00167064-00167235 at a temperature somewhat lower than
f-_b4G3qALo-00475-00167236-00167523 ambient temperature so a perfect
f-_b4G3qALo-00476-00167524-00167811 isothermal storage system is impossible
f-_b4G3qALo-00477-00167812-00168653 to achieve topic adiabatic isentropic
f-_b4G3qALo-00478-00168654-00169116 storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00479-00169117-00169356 an adiabatic process is one where there
f-_b4G3qALo-00480-00169357-00169569 is no heat transfer between the fluid
f-_b4G3qALo-00481-00169570-00169773 and the surroundings the system is
f-_b4G3qALo-00482-00169774-00170100 insulated against heat transfer if the
f-_b4G3qALo-00483-00170101-00170295 process is furthermore internally
f-_b4G3qALo-00484-00170296-00170538 reversible smooth slow and frictionless
f-_b4G3qALo-00485-00170539-00170730 to the ideal limit then we will
f-_b4G3qALo-00486-00170731-00171062 additionally be isentropic an adiabatic
f-_b4G3qALo-00487-00171063-00171291 storage system does away with the
f-_b4G3qALo-00488-00171292-00171495 intercooling during the compression
f-_b4G3qALo-00489-00171496-00171738 process and simply allows the gas to
f-_b4G3qALo-00490-00171739-00171948 heat up during compression and likewise
f-_b4G3qALo-00491-00171949-00172263 to cool down during expansion this is
f-_b4G3qALo-00492-00172264-00172479 attractive since the energy losses
f-_b4G3qALo-00493-00172480-00172698 associated with the heat transfer are
f-_b4G3qALo-00494-00172699-00172896 avoided but the downside is that the
f-_b4G3qALo-00495-00172897-00173142 storage vessel must be insulated against
f-_b4G3qALo-00496-00173143-00173406 heat loss it should also be mentioned
f-_b4G3qALo-00497-00173407-00173661 that real compressors and turbines are
f-_b4G3qALo-00498-00173662-00173871 not isentropic but instead have an
f-_b4G3qALo-00499-00173872-00174201 isentropic efficiency of around 85% with
f-_b4G3qALo-00500-00174202-00174387 the result that round-trip storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00501-00174388-00174660 efficiency for adiabatic systems is also
f-_b4G3qALo-00502-00174661-00175455 considerably less than perfect topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00503-00175456-00176066 large storage system thermodynamics
f-_b4G3qALo-00504-00176067-00176367 energy storage systems often use large
f-_b4G3qALo-00505-00176368-00176601 underground caverns this is the
f-_b4G3qALo-00506-00176602-00176823 preferred system design due to the very
f-_b4G3qALo-00507-00176824-00177096 large volume and thus the large quantity
f-_b4G3qALo-00508-00177097-00177315 of energy that can be stored with only a
f-_b4G3qALo-00509-00177316-00177633 small pressure change the cavern space
f-_b4G3qALo-00510-00177634-00177858 can be easily insulated compressed
f-_b4G3qALo-00511-00177859-00178062 adiabatically with little temperature
f-_b4G3qALo-00512-00178063-00178245 change approaching a reversible
f-_b4G3qALo-00513-00178246-00178446 isothermal system and heat loss
f-_b4G3qALo-00514-00178447-00178776 approaching an isentropic system this
f-_b4G3qALo-00515-00178777-00179004 advantage is in addition to the low cost
f-_b4G3qALo-00516-00179005-00179235 of constructing the gas storage system
f-_b4G3qALo-00517-00179236-00179490 using the underground walls to assist in
f-_b4G3qALo-00518-00179491-00179823 containing the pressure recently there
f-_b4G3qALo-00519-00179824-00180057 have been developed undersea insulated
f-_b4G3qALo-00520-00180058-00180303 air bags with similar thermodynamic
f-_b4G3qALo-00521-00180304-00180525 properties to large underground cavern
f-_b4G3qALo-00522-00180526-00181165 storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00523-00181166-00181407 topic practical constraints in
f-_b4G3qALo-00524-00181408-00181990 transportation in order to use air
f-_b4G3qALo-00525-00181991-00182233 storage in vehicles or aircraft for
f-_b4G3qALo-00526-00182234-00182491 practical land or air transportation the
f-_b4G3qALo-00527-00182492-00182731 energy storage system must be compact
f-_b4G3qALo-00528-00182732-00183001 and lightweight energy density and
f-_b4G3qALo-00529-00183002-00183214 specific energy are the engineering
f-_b4G3qALo-00530-00183215-00183406 terms that define these desired
f-_b4G3qALo-00531-00183407-00184281 qualities topic specific energy energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00532-00184282-00184957 density and efficiency as explained in
f-_b4G3qALo-00533-00184958-00185170 the thermodynamics of gas storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00534-00185171-00185404 section above compressing air heats it
f-_b4G3qALo-00535-00185405-00185667 and expanding it cools it therefore
f-_b4G3qALo-00536-00185668-00185917 practical air engines require heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00537-00185918-00186163 exchanges in order to avoid excessively
f-_b4G3qALo-00538-00186164-00186394 high or low temperatures and even so
f-_b4G3qALo-00539-00186395-00186619 don't reach ideal constant temperature
f-_b4G3qALo-00540-00186620-00186948 conditions or ideal thermal installation
f-_b4G3qALo-00541-00186949-00187240 nevertheless as stated above it is
f-_b4G3qALo-00542-00187241-00187450 useful to describe the maximum energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00543-00187451-00187741 storable using the isothermal case which
f-_b4G3qALo-00544-00187742-00188014 works out to about 100 kilo joules per
f-_b4G3qALo-00545-00188015-00188479 cubic meter Lane PA per petabyte thus if
f-_b4G3qALo-00546-00188480-00188731 1.0 cubic meters of air from the
f-_b4G3qALo-00547-00188732-00188956 atmosphere is very slowly compressed
f-_b4G3qALo-00548-00188957-00189313 into a 5l bottle at 20 mega Pascal's 200
f-_b4G3qALo-00549-00189314-00189658 bars the potential energy stored is 530
f-_b4G3qALo-00550-00189659-00190018 kilo joules a highly efficient air motor
f-_b4G3qALo-00551-00190019-00190288 can transfer this into kinetic energy if
f-_b4G3qALo-00552-00190289-00190510 it runs very slowly and manages to
f-_b4G3qALo-00553-00190511-00190753 expand the air from its initial 20 mega
f-_b4G3qALo-00554-00190754-00190978 Pascal's pressure down to 100 kilo
f-_b4G3qALo-00555-00190979-00191269 Pascal's bottle completely empty at
f-_b4G3qALo-00556-00191270-00191560 atmospheric pressure achieving high
f-_b4G3qALo-00557-00191561-00191821 efficiency is a technical challenge both
f-_b4G3qALo-00558-00191822-00192037 due to heat loss to the ambient and to
f-_b4G3qALo-00559-00192038-00192367 unrecoverable internal gas heat if the
f-_b4G3qALo-00560-00192368-00192622 bottle above is emptied to 1 mega Pascal
f-_b4G3qALo-00561-00192623-00192952 the extractable energy is about 300 kilo
f-_b4G3qALo-00562-00192953-00193324 joules at the motor shaft a standard 20
f-_b4G3qALo-00563-00193325-00193642 mega Pascal's 5l steel bottle has a mass
f-_b4G3qALo-00564-00193643-00193990 of 7.5 kilograms a superior one 5
f-_b4G3qALo-00565-00193991-00194326 kilogram high tensile strength fibers
f-_b4G3qALo-00566-00194327-00194542 such as carbon fiber or Kevlar
f-_b4G3qALo-00567-00194543-00194749 can weigh below two kilograms in this
f-_b4G3qALo-00568-00194750-00194971 size consistent with the legal safety
f-_b4G3qALo-00569-00194972-00195343 codes one cubic meter of air at 20
f-_b4G3qALo-00570-00195344-00195592 degrees Celsius has a mass of one point
f-_b4G3qALo-00571-00195593-00195832 two zero four kilograms at standard
f-_b4G3qALo-00572-00195833-00195969 temperature and pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00573-00195970-00196285 thus theoretical specific energies are
f-_b4G3qALo-00574-00196286-00196531 from roughly 70 kilo joules per kilogram
f-_b4G3qALo-00575-00196532-00196771 at the motor shaft for a plain steel
f-_b4G3qALo-00576-00196772-00197068 bottle to 180 kilo joules per kilogram
f-_b4G3qALo-00577-00197069-00197350 for an advanced fiber wound one whereas
f-_b4G3qALo-00578-00197351-00197590 practical achievable specific energies
f-_b4G3qALo-00579-00197591-00197833 for the same containers would be from 40
f-_b4G3qALo-00580-00197834-00198717 to 100 kilo joules per kilogram topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00581-00198718-00199381 comparison with batteries advanced fiber
f-_b4G3qALo-00582-00199382-00199606 reinforced bottles are comparable to the
f-_b4G3qALo-00583-00199607-00199852 rechargeable lead acid battery in terms
f-_b4G3qALo-00584-00199853-00200167 of energy density batteries provide
f-_b4G3qALo-00585-00200168-00200365 nearly constant voltage over their
f-_b4G3qALo-00586-00200366-00200590 entire charge level whereas the pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00587-00200591-00200806 varies greatly while using a pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00588-00200807-00201091 vessel from full to empty it is
f-_b4G3qALo-00589-00201092-00201298 technically challenging to design air
f-_b4G3qALo-00590-00201299-00201532 engines to maintain high efficiency and
f-_b4G3qALo-00591-00201533-00201778 sufficient power over a wide range of
f-_b4G3qALo-00592-00201779-00202081 pressures compressed air can transfer
f-_b4G3qALo-00593-00202082-00202318 power at very high flux rates which
f-_b4G3qALo-00594-00202319-00202525 meets the principle acceleration and
f-_b4G3qALo-00595-00202526-00202690 deceleration objectives of
f-_b4G3qALo-00596-00202691-00202939 transportation systems particularly for
f-_b4G3qALo-00597-00202940-00203311 hybrid vehicles compressed air systems
f-_b4G3qALo-00598-00203312-00203466 have advantages over conventional
f-_b4G3qALo-00599-00203467-00203743 batteries including longer lifetimes of
f-_b4G3qALo-00600-00203744-00203923 pressure vessels and lower material
f-_b4G3qALo-00601-00203924-00204280 toxicity newer battery designs such as
f-_b4G3qALo-00602-00204281-00204487 those based on lithium iron phosphate
f-_b4G3qALo-00603-00204488-00204718 chemistry suffer from neither of these
f-_b4G3qALo-00604-00204719-00204837 problems
f-_b4G3qALo-00605-00204838-00205078 compressed air costs are potentially
f-_b4G3qALo-00606-00205079-00205317 lower however advanced pressure vessels
f-_b4G3qALo-00607-00205319-00205539 are costly to develop and safety tests
f-_b4G3qALo-00608-00205540-00205738 and at present are more expensive than
f-_b4G3qALo-00609-00205739-00206110 mass-produced batteries as with electric
f-_b4G3qALo-00610-00206111-00206346 storage technology compressed air is
f-_b4G3qALo-00611-00206348-00206659 only as clean as the source of the
f-_b4G3qALo-00612-00206660-00206932 energy that it stores life cycle
f-_b4G3qALo-00613-00206933-00207117 assessment addresses the question of
f-_b4G3qALo-00614-00207119-00207319 overall emissions from a given energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00615-00207319-00207594 storage technology combined with a given
f-_b4G3qALo-00616-00207596-00208316 mix of generation on a power grid
f-_b4G3qALo-00617-00208317-00209029 topic safety as with most technologies
f-_b4G3qALo-00618-00209030-00209257 compressed air has safety concerns
f-_b4G3qALo-00619-00209258-00209632 mainly catastrophic tank rupture safety
f-_b4G3qALo-00620-00209633-00209848 regulations make this a rare occurrence
f-_b4G3qALo-00621-00209848-00210088 at the cost of highway and additional
f-_b4G3qALo-00622-00210089-00210316 safety features such as pressure relief
f-_b4G3qALo-00623-00210317-00210667 valves regulations may limit the legal
f-_b4G3qALo-00624-00210667-00210901 working pressure to less than 40 percent
f-_b4G3qALo-00625-00210902-00211060 of the rupture pressure for steel
f-_b4G3qALo-00626-00211061-00211384 bottles safety factor of 2.5 and less
f-_b4G3qALo-00627-00211385-00211681 than 20% for fiber wound bottles safety
f-_b4G3qALo-00628-00211682-00212053 factor of 5 commercial designs adopt the
f-_b4G3qALo-00629-00212054-00212539 ISO 11,000 439 standard high pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00630-00212540-00212752 bottles are fairly strong so that they
f-_b4G3qALo-00631-00212753-00212944 generally do not rupture in vehicle
f-_b4G3qALo-00632-00212944-00214521 crashes topic vehicle applications
f-_b4G3qALo-00633-00214523-00215215 topic history air engines have been used
f-_b4G3qALo-00634-00215216-00215469 since the 19th century to power mind
f-_b4G3qALo-00635-00215471-00215767 okay motives pumps drills and trams by a
f-_b4G3qALo-00636-00215767-00216144 centralized city level distribution race
f-_b4G3qALo-00637-00216146-00216376 cars use compressed air to start their
f-_b4G3qALo-00638-00216377-00216637 internal combustion engine ice and large
f-_b4G3qALo-00639-00216638-00216829 diesel engines may have starting
f-_b4G3qALo-00640-00216830-00217946 pneumatic motors topic engine a
f-_b4G3qALo-00641-00217948-00218244 compressed air engine uses the expansion
f-_b4G3qALo-00642-00218246-00218452 of compressed air to drive the Pistons
f-_b4G3qALo-00643-00218453-00218701 of an engine turn the axle or to drive a
f-_b4G3qALo-00644-00218702-00219037 turbine the following methods can
f-_b4G3qALo-00645-00219038-00219376 increase efficiency a continuous
f-_b4G3qALo-00646-00219377-00219707 expansion turbine at high efficiency
f-_b4G3qALo-00647-00219708-00220153 multiple expansion stages use of waste
f-_b4G3qALo-00648-00220154-00220402 heat notably in a hybrid heat engine
f-_b4G3qALo-00649-00220403-00220741 design use of environmental heat a
f-_b4G3qALo-00650-00220742-00220978 highly efficient arrangement uses high
f-_b4G3qALo-00651-00220979-00221188 medium and low pressure pistons in
f-_b4G3qALo-00652-00221189-00221421 series with each stage followed by an
f-_b4G3qALo-00653-00221423-00221667 air-blast venturi that draws ambient air
f-_b4G3qALo-00654-00221669-00221994 over an air-to-air heat exchanger this
f-_b4G3qALo-00655-00221996-00222231 warms the exhaust of the preceding stage
f-_b4G3qALo-00656-00222232-00222444 and admits this preheated air to the
f-_b4G3qALo-00657-00222446-00222771 following stage the only exhaust gas
f-_b4G3qALo-00658-00222773-00223023 from each stage is cold air which can be
f-_b4G3qALo-00659-00223025-00223351 as cold as minus 15 degrees Celsius five
f-_b4G3qALo-00660-00223352-00223581 degrees Fahrenheit the cold air may be
f-_b4G3qALo-00661-00223582-00223794 used for air conditioning in a car
f-_b4G3qALo-00662-00223796-00224007 additional heat can be supplied by
f-_b4G3qALo-00663-00224008-00224310 burning fuel as in 1904 for whiteheads
f-_b4G3qALo-00664-00224311-00224634 torpedoes this improves the range and
f-_b4G3qALo-00665-00224635-00224856 speed available for a given tank volume
f-_b4G3qALo-00666-00224857-00225655 at the cost of the additional fuel topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00667-00225656-00226321 cars since about 1990 several companies
f-_b4G3qALo-00668-00226321-00226537 have claimed to be developing compressed
f-_b4G3qALo-00669-00226538-00226879 air cars but none is available typically
f-_b4G3qALo-00670-00226880-00227106 the main claimed advantages are no
f-_b4G3qALo-00671-00227107-00227362 roadside pollution low-cost use of
f-_b4G3qALo-00672-00227363-00227539 cooking oil for lubrication and
f-_b4G3qALo-00673-00227540-00227884 integrated air conditioning the
f-_b4G3qALo-00674-00227885-00228123 required to refill a depleted tank is
f-_b4G3qALo-00675-00228125-00228328 important for vehicle applications
f-_b4G3qALo-00676-00228329-00228715 volume transfer moves pre compressed air
f-_b4G3qALo-00677-00228716-00228937 from a stationary tank to the vehicle
f-_b4G3qALo-00678-00228938-00229215 tank almost instantaneously
f-_b4G3qALo-00679-00229216-00229510 alternatively a stationary or on-board
f-_b4G3qALo-00680-00229511-00229738 compressor can compress air on demand
f-_b4G3qALo-00681-00229739-00230560 possibly requiring several hours topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00682-00230561-00231166 ships large marine diesel engines are
f-_b4G3qALo-00683-00231167-00231391 started using compressed air typically
f-_b4G3qALo-00684-00231392-00231685 between 20 and 30 bars and stored in two
f-_b4G3qALo-00685-00231686-00231937 or more large bottles acting directly on
f-_b4G3qALo-00686-00231938-00232189 the Pistons via special starting valves
f-_b4G3qALo-00687-00232190-00232384 to turn the crankshaft prior to
f-_b4G3qALo-00688-00232385-00232630 beginning fuel injection this
f-_b4G3qALo-00689-00232631-00232869 arrangement is more compact and cheaper
f-_b4G3qALo-00690-00232871-00233071 than an electric starter motor would be
f-_b4G3qALo-00691-00233071-00233298 at such scales and able to supply the
f-_b4G3qALo-00692-00233300-00233539 necessary bursts of extremely high power
f-_b4G3qALo-00693-00233540-00233764 without placing a prohibitive load on
f-_b4G3qALo-00694-00233765-00233965 the ship's electrical generators and
f-_b4G3qALo-00695-00233966-00234283 distribution system compressed air is
f-_b4G3qALo-00696-00234284-00234567 commonly also used at lower pressures to
f-_b4G3qALo-00697-00234569-00234787 control the engine and act as the spring
f-_b4G3qALo-00698-00234788-00234996 force acting on the cylinder exhaust
f-_b4G3qALo-00699-00234998-00235219 valves and to operate other auxiliary
f-_b4G3qALo-00700-00235219-00235435 systems and power tools onboard
f-_b4G3qALo-00701-00235436-00235657 sometimes including pneumatic PD
f-_b4G3qALo-00702-00235658-00235936 controllers one advantage of this
f-_b4G3qALo-00703-00235937-00236128 approach is that in the event of an
f-_b4G3qALo-00704-00236129-00236254 electrical blackout
f-_b4G3qALo-00705-00236255-00236437 ship systems powered by stored
f-_b4G3qALo-00706-00236438-00236628 compressed air can continue functioning
f-_b4G3qALo-00707-00236629-00236844 uninterrupted and generators can be
f-_b4G3qALo-00708-00236846-00237111 restarted without an electrical supply
f-_b4G3qALo-00709-00237112-00237373 another is that pneumatic tools can be
f-_b4G3qALo-00710-00237373-00237586 used in commonly wet environments
f-_b4G3qALo-00711-00237587-00238336 without risk of electric shock topic
f-_b4G3qALo-00712-00238337-00238936 hybrid vehicles while the air storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00713-00238937-00239152 system offers a relatively low power
f-_b4G3qALo-00714-00239153-00239377 density and vehicle range its high
f-_b4G3qALo-00715-00239378-00239598 efficiency is attractive for hybrid
f-_b4G3qALo-00716-00239600-00239752 vehicles that use a conventional
f-_b4G3qALo-00717-00239753-00239992 internal combustion engine as a main
f-_b4G3qALo-00718-00239992-00240340 power source the air storage can be used
f-_b4G3qALo-00719-00240341-00240565 for regenerative braking and to optimize
f-_b4G3qALo-00720-00240566-00240798 the cycle of the piston engine which is
f-_b4G3qALo-00721-00240800-00241000 not equally efficient at all power
f-_b4G3qALo-00722-00241001-00241279 rpm levels
f-_b4G3qALo-00723-00241280-00241561 and PSA Peugeot Citroen have developed a
f-_b4G3qALo-00724-00241562-00241792 hybrid system that use hydraulics as a
f-_b4G3qALo-00725-00241792-00242029 way to transfer energy to and from a
f-_b4G3qALo-00726-00242030-00242392 compressed nitrogen tank and up to 45%
f-_b4G3qALo-00727-00242392-00242679 reduction in fuel consumption is claimed
f-_b4G3qALo-00728-00242680-00243106 corresponding to 2.9 L 100 kilometers 81
f-_b4G3qALo-00729-00243107-00243529 mpg 69 grams co2 per kilometer on the
f-_b4G3qALo-00730-00243530-00243814 NEDC cycle for a compact frame like
f-_b4G3qALo-00731-00243815-00244210 peugeot 208 the system is claimed to be
f-_b4G3qALo-00732-00244211-00244398 much more affordable than competing
f-_b4G3qALo-00733-00244400-00244644 electric and flywheel kurz systems and
f-_b4G3qALo-00734-00244646-00245478 is expected on road cars by 2016
f-_b4G3qALo-00735-00245479-00246433 topic types of systems
f-_b4G3qALo-00736-00246434-00247151 topic hybrid systems Brayton cycle
f-_b4G3qALo-00737-00247152-00247346 engines compress and heat air with a
f-_b4G3qALo-00738-00247348-00247577 fuel suitable for an internal combustion
f-_b4G3qALo-00739-00247578-00247971 engine for example natural gas or biogas
f-_b4G3qALo-00740-00247971-00248166 heat compressed air and then a
f-_b4G3qALo-00741-00248167-00248391 conventional gas turbine engine or the
f-_b4G3qALo-00742-00248392-00248642 rear portion of a jet engine expands it
f-_b4G3qALo-00743-00248644-00248994 to produce work compressed air engines
f-_b4G3qALo-00744-00248994-00249248 can recharge an electric battery the
f-_b4G3qALo-00745-00249250-00249434 apparently defunct energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00746-00249435-00249719 promoted its PN IPE HEV or pneumatic
f-_b4G3qALo-00747-00249721-00250439 plug-in hybrid electric vehicle system
f-_b4G3qALo-00748-00250440-00251151 topic existing hybrid systems hunt off
f-_b4G3qALo-00749-00251152-00251544 Germany in 1978 and McIntosh Alabama
f-_b4G3qALo-00750-00251544-00251889 u.s. in 1991 commissioned hybrid power
f-_b4G3qALo-00751-00251890-00252267 plants both systems use off-peak energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00752-00252267-00252476 for air compression and burn natural gas
f-_b4G3qALo-00753-00252477-00252701 in the compressed air during the power
f-_b4G3qALo-00754-00252702-00253551 generating phase topic future hybrid
f-_b4G3qALo-00755-00253552-00254219 systems the Iowa stored energy Park ISEP
f-_b4G3qALo-00756-00254221-00254469 will use aquifer storage rather than
f-_b4G3qALo-00757-00254469-00254787 cavern storage the displacement of water
f-_b4G3qALo-00758-00254788-00255039 in the aquifer results in regulation of
f-_b4G3qALo-00759-00255040-00255219 the air pressure by the constant
f-_b4G3qALo-00760-00255219-00255417 hydrostatic pressure of the water
f-_b4G3qALo-00761-00255417-00255857 a spokesperson for ISEP claims you can
f-_b4G3qALo-00762-00255858-00256055 optimize your equipment for better
f-_b4G3qALo-00763-00256056-00256290 efficiency if you have a constant
f-_b4G3qALo-00764-00256291-00256646 pressure power output of the McIntosh
f-_b4G3qALo-00765-00256648-00256863 and Iowa's systems is in the range of
f-_b4G3qALo-00766-00256864-00257128 two to three hundred megawatts
f-_b4G3qALo-00767-00257129-00257348 additional facilities are under
f-_b4G3qALo-00768-00257350-00257681 development in Norton Ohio first energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00769-00257682-00257994 and Akron Ohio electric utility obtained
f-_b4G3qALo-00770-00257994-00258278 development rights to the 2,700
f-_b4G3qALo-00771-00258279-00258521 megawatts Norden project in November
f-_b4G3qALo-00772-00258521-00258801 2009 the RI CAS
f-_b4G3qALo-00773-00258802-00259034 - o - o project attempts to use an
f-_b4G3qALo-00774-00259035-00259323 abandoned mine for adiabatic CAE S with
f-_b4G3qALo-00775-00259323-00259634 heat recovery the compression heat is
f-_b4G3qALo-00776-00259635-00259800 stored in a tunnel section
f-_b4G3qALo-00777-00259801-00259980 filled with loose stones so the
f-_b4G3qALo-00778-00259981-00260171 compressed air is nearly cool when
f-_b4G3qALo-00779-00260173-00260346 entering the main pressure storage
f-_b4G3qALo-00780-00260346-00260664 chamber the cool compressed air regains
f-_b4G3qALo-00781-00260665-00260850 the heat stored in the stones when
f-_b4G3qALo-00782-00260851-00261057 released back through a surface turbine
f-_b4G3qALo-00783-00261058-00261830 leading to a higher overall efficiency
f-_b4G3qALo-00784-00261831-00262557 topic lake or ocean storage deep water
f-_b4G3qALo-00785-00262558-00262755 in lakes in the ocean can provide
f-_b4G3qALo-00786-00262756-00262971 pressure without requiring high pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00787-00262972-00263226 vessels or drilling into salt caverns or
f-_b4G3qALo-00788-00263227-00263571 aquifers the air goes into inexpensive
f-_b4G3qALo-00789-00263572-00263838 flexible containers such as plastic bags
f-_b4G3qALo-00790-00263839-00264096 below in deep Lakes or off sea coasts
f-_b4G3qALo-00791-00264097-00264426 with steep drop-offs obstacles include
f-_b4G3qALo-00792-00264427-00264672 the limited number of suitable locations
f-_b4G3qALo-00793-00264673-00264882 and the need for high pressure pipelines
f-_b4G3qALo-00794-00264883-00265127 between the surface and the containers
f-_b4G3qALo-00795-00265128-00265371 since the containers would be very
f-_b4G3qALo-00796-00265372-00265602 inexpensive the need for great pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00797-00265603-00265860 and great depth may not be as important
f-_b4G3qALo-00798-00265861-00266169 a key benefit of systems built on this
f-_b4G3qALo-00799-00266170-00266358 concept is that charge and discharge
f-_b4G3qALo-00800-00266359-00266589 pressures are a constant function of
f-_b4G3qALo-00801-00266590-00266904 depth Carnot inefficiencies can thereby
f-_b4G3qALo-00802-00266905-00267192 be reduced in the powerplant Carnot
f-_b4G3qALo-00803-00267193-00267375 efficiency can be increased by using
f-_b4G3qALo-00804-00267376-00267675 multiple charge and discharge stages and
f-_b4G3qALo-00805-00267676-00267930 using inexpensive heat sources and sinks
f-_b4G3qALo-00806-00267931-00268155 such as cold water from rivers or hot
f-_b4G3qALo-00807-00268156-00268497 water from solar ponds ideally the
f-_b4G3qALo-00808-00268498-00268809 system must be very clever for example
f-_b4G3qALo-00809-00268810-00269040 by cooling air before pumping on summer
f-_b4G3qALo-00810-00269041-00269096 days
f-_b4G3qALo-00811-00269097-00269358 it must be engineered to avoid
f-_b4G3qALo-00812-00269359-00269610 inefficiency such as wasteful pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00813-00269611-00269853 changes caused by inadequate piping
f-_b4G3qALo-00814-00269854-00270117 diameter and nearly isobaric solution is
f-_b4G3qALo-00815-00270118-00270336 possible if the compressed gas is used
f-_b4G3qALo-00816-00270337-00270645 to drive a hydroelectric system however
f-_b4G3qALo-00817-00270646-00270906 this solution requires large pressure
f-_b4G3qALo-00818-00270907-00271158 tanks located on land as well as the
f-_b4G3qALo-00819-00271159-00271575 underwater air bags also hydrogen gas is
f-_b4G3qALo-00820-00271576-00271806 the preferred fluid since other gases
f-_b4G3qALo-00821-00271807-00272034 suffer from substantial hydrostatic
f-_b4G3qALo-00822-00272035-00272226 pressures at even relatively modest
f-_b4G3qALo-00823-00272227-00272682 depths such as 500 metres II on one of
f-_b4G3qALo-00824-00272683-00272916 Europe's leading power and gas companies
f-_b4G3qALo-00825-00272917-00273201 has provided 1.4 million euros
f-_b4G3qALo-00826-00273202-00273486 1.1 million pounds in funding to develop
f-_b4G3qALo-00827-00273487-00273900 undersea air storage bags Hydra store in
f-_b4G3qALo-00828-00273901-00274134 Canada is developing a commercial system
f-_b4G3qALo-00829-00274135-00274521 of underwater storage accumulators for
f-_b4G3qALo-00830-00274522-00274767 compressed air energy storage starting
f-_b4G3qALo-00831-00274768-00275010 at the 1 to 4 megawatt scale there is a
f-_b4G3qALo-00832-00275011-00275217 plan for some type of compressed air
f-_b4G3qALo-00833-00275218-00275460 energy storage in undersea caves by
f-_b4G3qALo-00834-00275461-00276623 Northern Ireland topic near isothermal a
f-_b4G3qALo-00835-00276624-00276843 number of methods of near isothermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00836-00276844-00277146 compression are being developed fluid
f-_b4G3qALo-00837-00277147-00277344 mechanics has a system with a heat
f-_b4G3qALo-00838-00277345-00277638 absorbing and releasing structure h ARS
f-_b4G3qALo-00839-00277639-00277980 attached to a reciprocating piston light
f-_b4G3qALo-00840-00277981-00278199 sail injector water spray into a
f-_b4G3qALo-00841-00278200-00278514 reciprocating cylinder sustains use an
f-_b4G3qALo-00842-00278515-00278757 air water foam mix inside a compressor
f-_b4G3qALo-00843-00278758-00279030 all these systems ensure that the air is
f-_b4G3qALo-00844-00279031-00279231 compressed with high thermal diffusivity
f-_b4G3qALo-00845-00279232-00279500 compared to the speed of compression
f-_b4G3qALo-00846-00279501-00279747 typically these compressors can run at
f-_b4G3qALo-00847-00279748-00279984 speeds up to 1,000 revolutions per
f-_b4G3qALo-00848-00279985-00280266 minute to ensure high thermal
f-_b4G3qALo-00849-00280267-00280500 diffusivity the average distance a gas
f-_b4G3qALo-00850-00280501-00280710 molecule is from a heat absorbing
f-_b4G3qALo-00851-00280711-00281121 surface is about 0.5 millimeters these
f-_b4G3qALo-00852-00281122-00281382 near isothermal compressors can also be
f-_b4G3qALo-00853-00281383-00281625 used as near isothermal expanders and
f-_b4G3qALo-00854-00281626-00281817 are being developed to improve the round
f-_b4G3qALo-00855-00281818-00283070 trip efficiency of case topic see also
f-_b4G3qALo-00856-00283071-00283458 compressed air vehicle compressed air
f-_b4G3qALo-00857-00283459-00283719 car alternative
f-_b4G3qALo-00858-00283720-00284207 Oshin fireless locomotive grid energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00859-00284208-00284748 storage hydraulic accumulator list of
f-_b4G3qALo-00860-00284749-00285267 energy storage projects pneumatics zero
f-_b4G3qALo-00861-00285268-00285632 emissions vehicle cryogenic energy
f-_b4G3qALo-00862-00285633-00285884 storage
f-b5sK2UNsk-00000-00000000-00000193 hey this is Cathy from Cathy cooks for
f-b5sK2UNsk-00001-00000194-00000340 you welcome to my kitchen
f-b5sK2UNsk-00002-00000341-00000944 I have an amazing big and walnut babka
f-b5sK2UNsk-00003-00000944-00001254 for you this is what sourdough and it is
f-b5sK2UNsk-00004-00001255-00001609 absolutely spectacular to make and eat
f-b5sK2UNsk-00005-00001610-00002104 and it also looks gorgeous it is
f-b5sK2UNsk-00006-00002105-00002410 incredible and it's something that will
f-b5sK2UNsk-00007-00002411-00002668 knock your family socks off not just
f-b5sK2UNsk-00008-00002669-00002977 visually but deliciously
f-b5sK2UNsk-00009-00002978-00003452 and it's something different to take
f-b5sK2UNsk-00010-00003453-00003745 somewhere whether it's to a work
f-b5sK2UNsk-00011-00003746-00004036 function just work itself a holiday
f-b5sK2UNsk-00012-00004037-00004420 party this will be something that people
f-b5sK2UNsk-00013-00004421-00004718 will be like who made that so watch this
f-b5sK2UNsk-00014-00004719-00005099 recipe and try it yourself we are going
f-b5sK2UNsk-00015-00005100-00005281 to start by adding two and a quarter
f-b5sK2UNsk-00016-00005282-00005618 cups all-purpose flour to our mixer 1/3
f-b5sK2UNsk-00017-00005619-00005966 a cup of sugar and 1/2 a cup of
f-b5sK2UNsk-00018-00005967-00006329 sourdough starter now we are gonna mix
f-b5sK2UNsk-00019-00006330-00006506 this together and it's got to be kind of
f-b5sK2UNsk-00020-00006506-00006820 a crumbly mess so don't don't think it's
f-b5sK2UNsk-00021-00006822-00007060 just going to turn into a nice dough at
f-b5sK2UNsk-00022-00007061-00007352 this point once we get that somewhat
f-b5sK2UNsk-00023-00007353-00007653 mixed together then we're gonna add our
f-b5sK2UNsk-00024-00007654-00008006 1 and 1/2 eggs our third of a cup of
f-b5sK2UNsk-00025-00008006-00008192 melted butter and our pinch of salt
f-b5sK2UNsk-00026-00008193-00008435 which is about 1/4 teaspoon for a pinch
f-b5sK2UNsk-00027-00008436-00008627 of salt and we're gonna add this
f-b5sK2UNsk-00028-00008628-00009008 together at this point if you notice
f-b5sK2UNsk-00029-00009009-00009335 that your dough does not look like it's
f-b5sK2UNsk-00030-00009336-00009713 coming together at all it's okay if you
f-b5sK2UNsk-00031-00009714-00010171 add 1 to 2 teaspoons of water you may
f-b5sK2UNsk-00032-00010172-00010541 find later like I did ooh now my dough
f-b5sK2UNsk-00033-00010542-00010942 seems a little wet at the end and you'll
f-b5sK2UNsk-00034-00010943-00011221 see I add a little bit of flour at the
f-b5sK2UNsk-00035-00011222-00011788 end to get it to not be so wet moral of
f-b5sK2UNsk-00036-00011789-00012020 the story I really should have waited a
f-b5sK2UNsk-00037-00012021-00012173 little bit to let that dough come
f-b5sK2UNsk-00038-00012174-00012431 together but you know what it still
f-b5sK2UNsk-00039-00012432-00012664 turned out fine that I added 2 teaspoons
f-b5sK2UNsk-00040-00012665-00012863 of water and two more teaspoons of flour
f-b5sK2UNsk-00041-00012863-00013079 not that big of a deal
f-b5sK2UNsk-00042-00013080-00013313 I wanted to put this in here so you
f-b5sK2UNsk-00043-00013313-00013391 could see
f-b5sK2UNsk-00044-00013391-00013849 there is some flexibility in this recipe
f-b5sK2UNsk-00045-00013850-00014119 that whole mixing process took about
f-b5sK2UNsk-00046-00014120-00014483 three to four minutes now we were on to
f-b5sK2UNsk-00047-00014484-00014713 switching to our dough hook and letting
f-b5sK2UNsk-00048-00014715-00014993 the dough hook neater dough for about 10
f-b5sK2UNsk-00049-00014994-00015383 minutes on medium speed if you are
f-b5sK2UNsk-00050-00015384-00015638 needing this by hand knead it until the
f-b5sK2UNsk-00051-00015638-00016041 dough becomes smooth
f-b5sK2UNsk-00052-00016043-00016355 once you're finished kneading transfer
f-b5sK2UNsk-00053-00016356-00016592 this to a greased Bowl and cover with
f-b5sK2UNsk-00054-00016593-00016955 plastic wrap have it in a semi warm
f-b5sK2UNsk-00055-00016956-00017111 place you can put it in your oven and
f-b5sK2UNsk-00056-00017112-00017384 just turn the light on you can leave it
f-b5sK2UNsk-00057-00017385-00017657 on top of the fridge don't have it by AC
f-b5sK2UNsk-00058-00017658-00017897 vent or anything like that this is gonna
f-b5sK2UNsk-00059-00017898-00018113 take a while to double in size you're
f-b5sK2UNsk-00060-00018114-00018397 looking at you know good six hours or so
f-b5sK2UNsk-00061-00018398-00018593 this is a heavy dough with butter and
f-b5sK2UNsk-00062-00018594-00018922 egg so it's gonna take a while to rise
f-b5sK2UNsk-00063-00018923-00019271 so after it has risen then we're gonna
f-b5sK2UNsk-00064-00019272-00019594 put it in the fridge to chill overnight
f-b5sK2UNsk-00065-00019595-00019897 also check out my sourdough playlist you
f-b5sK2UNsk-00066-00019898-00020021 will not only learn how to make
f-b5sK2UNsk-00067-00020022-00020249 sourdough starter but you will find
f-b5sK2UNsk-00068-00020250-00020468 recipes on what to do with that starter
f-b5sK2UNsk-00069-00020469-00020767 and subscribe below
f-b5sK2UNsk-00070-00020768-00021146 okay now this super fun part you want to
f-b5sK2UNsk-00071-00021147-00021371 roll your dough out to about eighteen
f-b5sK2UNsk-00072-00021372-00021760 inches by 12 inches something like that
f-b5sK2UNsk-00073-00021761-00022033 and then we're gonna add our fig
f-b5sK2UNsk-00074-00022034-00022525 preserve I bought an 11 ounce jar of fig
f-b5sK2UNsk-00075-00022526-00022849 preserve and I used a little over half
f-b5sK2UNsk-00076-00022850-00023257 of it and it was perfect you can use
f-b5sK2UNsk-00077-00023258-00023470 another kind of preserve I wouldn't go
f-b5sK2UNsk-00078-00023471-00023665 to a jelly preserves are usually thicker
f-b5sK2UNsk-00079-00023666-00023890 they have pieces of fruit in them and
f-b5sK2UNsk-00080-00023891-00024232 they're higher quality so that's why I
f-b5sK2UNsk-00081-00024233-00024589 like to use this and then we're going to
f-b5sK2UNsk-00082-00024590-00024817 just break up walnuts now this time I
f-b5sK2UNsk-00083-00024818-00025003 did not toast my walnuts he probably
f-b5sK2UNsk-00084-00025004-00025171 should you're gonna have much more
f-b5sK2UNsk-00085-00025172-00025435 flavor if you toast them it was early in
f-b5sK2UNsk-00086-00025436-00025597 the morning because I just took the
f-b5sK2UNsk-00087-00025598-00026034 dough out and so I didn't toast him one
f-b5sK2UNsk-00088-00026035-00026178 thing about the dough that I want to
f-b5sK2UNsk-00089-00026179-00026410 tell you you are going to be rolling out
f-b5sK2UNsk-00090-00026411-00026737 chilled dough it's not as easy to roll
f-b5sK2UNsk-00091-00026738-00027106 out as regular room-temperature dough so
f-b5sK2UNsk-00092-00027107-00027333 just remember that don't be alarmed by
f-b5sK2UNsk-00093-00027335-00027505 it you'll be fine
f-b5sK2UNsk-00094-00027506-00027883 oh now the fun part getting to roll it
f-b5sK2UNsk-00095-00027883-00028201 up so you're just gonna go along and
f-b5sK2UNsk-00096-00028202-00028588 continue rolling it up I with my one
f-b5sK2UNsk-00097-00028589-00028807 hand stretch the dough just a little
f-b5sK2UNsk-00098-00028808-00029155 before I Pat it over just to get a nice
f-b5sK2UNsk-00099-00029156-00029599 tight roll at the end I didn't feel I
f-b5sK2UNsk-00100-00029600-00029839 needed to but you can also put a little
f-b5sK2UNsk-00101-00029839-00030268 water at the end to seal that seam mine
f-b5sK2UNsk-00102-00030269-00030540 seemed sealed enough so I didn't do that
f-b5sK2UNsk-00103-00030541-00030976 now at this point recipe said to chill
f-b5sK2UNsk-00104-00030977-00031156 it in the fridge your freezer for a
f-b5sK2UNsk-00105-00031157-00031440 little bit so it's easier to cut and put
f-b5sK2UNsk-00106-00031441-00031768 into a braid I didn't do this it wasn't
f-b5sK2UNsk-00107-00031769-00032046 that big a video so I cut it with a
f-b5sK2UNsk-00108-00032047-00032340 butter knife just one slice straight
f-b5sK2UNsk-00109-00032341-00032599 down the middle and then we're going to
f-b5sK2UNsk-00110-00032600-00032896 twist it and you're gonna see that
f-b5sK2UNsk-00111-00032897-00033277 you're gonna want to keep these these
f-b5sK2UNsk-00112-00033278-00033583 layers on the top because that's what
f-b5sK2UNsk-00113-00033584-00033853 makes the dough so beautiful
f-b5sK2UNsk-00114-00033854-00034174 see all those cut layers those you want
f-b5sK2UNsk-00115-00034175-00034537 to show see how I make it so those show
f-b5sK2UNsk-00116-00034538-00034864 right there that's where the beauty it
f-b5sK2UNsk-00117-00034865-00035050 comes and why this isn't
f-b5sK2UNsk-00118-00035051-00035343 so impressive once we get it twisted
f-b5sK2UNsk-00119-00035344-00035671 we're going to place it in our bread pan
f-b5sK2UNsk-00120-00035672-00035995 I just curl those edges under get my
f-b5sK2UNsk-00121-00035996-00036301 bread pan that is greased and I place it
f-b5sK2UNsk-00122-00036302-00036735 in it oh no guys it was supposed to be
f-b5sK2UNsk-00123-00036736-00037027 rising for hours at this point but I
f-b5sK2UNsk-00124-00037028-00037240 didn't do it I put it in the oven just
f-b5sK2UNsk-00125-00037241-00037531 like that and look what came out 45
f-b5sK2UNsk-00126-00037532-00038032 minutes later this gorgeous masterpiece
f-b5sK2UNsk-00127-00038033-00038398 came out absolutely spectacular it's not
f-b5sK2UNsk-00128-00038399-00038674 in the video but also a simple syrup of
f-b5sK2UNsk-00129-00038675-00038887 two tablespoons of sugar and two
f-b5sK2UNsk-00130-00038888-00039193 tablespoons of water after it was boiled
f-b5sK2UNsk-00131-00039194-00039448 and dissolved I spread that over the top
f-b5sK2UNsk-00132-00039449-00039742 it keeps it moist and delicious thanks
f-b5sK2UNsk-00133-00039743-00039943 for watching this amazing recipe couple
f-b5sK2UNsk-00134-00039944-00040294 things for you after you braided your
f-b5sK2UNsk-00135-00040295-00040555 sourdough or twisted it and put it in
f-b5sK2UNsk-00136-00040556-00040858 your pan you're supposed to let it rise
f-b5sK2UNsk-00137-00040859-00041209 for four hours I did not do that process
f-b5sK2UNsk-00138-00041210-00041467 and it still turned out really well it
f-b5sK2UNsk-00139-00041468-00041725 could be the reason why I had to bake it
f-b5sK2UNsk-00140-00041726-00041908 a little longer cuz it was you know a
f-b5sK2UNsk-00141-00041909-00042190 little more dense it was fabulous so
f-b5sK2UNsk-00142-00042191-00042442 next time I'm gonna let it rise and
f-b5sK2UNsk-00143-00042443-00042823 we'll see which I like better thank you
f-b5sK2UNsk-00144-00042824-00043009 so much for watching Cathy cooks for you
f-b5sK2UNsk-00145-00043010-00043261 please subscribe below give me some
f-b5sK2UNsk-00146-00043262-00043525 thumbs up or I'd love to hear from you
f-b5sK2UNsk-00147-00043526-00043885 in the comments thank you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00000-00000112-00000335 breaches and cyber security incidents
fHNDts9dpJQ-00001-00000336-00000559 are making headlines every day
fHNDts9dpJQ-00002-00000560-00000767 what are you doing to be prepared
fHNDts9dpJQ-00003-00000768-00000902 welcome to the tripwire
fHNDts9dpJQ-00004-00000903-00001158 cyber security podcast brought to you by
fHNDts9dpJQ-00005-00001159-00001254 tripwire
fHNDts9dpJQ-00006-00001255-00001454 the show that explores cyber security
fHNDts9dpJQ-00007-00001455-00001695 for the enterprise and how to identify
fHNDts9dpJQ-00008-00001696-00001918 and protect against cyber threats before
fHNDts9dpJQ-00009-00001919-00002047 they happen
fHNDts9dpJQ-00010-00002048-00002271 listen for techniques and best practices
fHNDts9dpJQ-00011-00002272-00002550 to harden your defenses against hackers
fHNDts9dpJQ-00012-00002551-00003015 now here's your host tim erlin
fHNDts9dpJQ-00013-00003016-00003166 welcome everyone to the tripwire
fHNDts9dpJQ-00014-00003167-00003383 cybersecurity podcast i'm tim erlin
fHNDts9dpJQ-00015-00003384-00003527 vice president of product management and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00016-00003528-00003783 strategy at tripwire and today i am
fHNDts9dpJQ-00017-00003784-00003863 joined by
fHNDts9dpJQ-00018-00003864-00004103 zoe rose who is a cyber security
fHNDts9dpJQ-00019-00004104-00004222 consultant
fHNDts9dpJQ-00020-00004223-00004559 uh and media presence and recognized as
fHNDts9dpJQ-00021-00004560-00004767 one of the 50 most influential women in
fHNDts9dpJQ-00022-00004768-00004919 cyber security
fHNDts9dpJQ-00023-00004920-00005206 twice and two years in a row in fact i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00024-00005207-00005359 think that in a row part is important
fHNDts9dpJQ-00025-00005360-00005454 there
fHNDts9dpJQ-00026-00005455-00005854 welcome zoe cheers thanks yeah i didn't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00027-00005855-00005999 i didn't lose my coolness
fHNDts9dpJQ-00028-00006000-00006311 for uh for the second year which is good
fHNDts9dpJQ-00029-00006312-00006575 yeah so today i i thought it would be
fHNDts9dpJQ-00030-00006576-00006727 good for us to talk a little bit about
fHNDts9dpJQ-00031-00006728-00006870 um at least to start by talking a little
fHNDts9dpJQ-00032-00006872-00007039 bit about privacy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00033-00007040-00007270 um so there's a lot of debate around
fHNDts9dpJQ-00034-00007272-00007351 privacy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00035-00007352-00007551 you know from social media privacy to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00036-00007552-00007703 encryption back doors
fHNDts9dpJQ-00037-00007704-00007846 um these debates sort of go back and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00038-00007847-00008039 forth and you know uh
fHNDts9dpJQ-00039-00008040-00008239 change in terms of prevalence in in the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00040-00008240-00008423 in the the market
fHNDts9dpJQ-00041-00008424-00008655 but i wanted to ask you why is it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00042-00008656-00008774 important for the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00043-00008775-00008999 average person to have a right to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00044-00009000-00009167 privacy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00045-00009168-00009527 yeah i mean you're often here that time
fHNDts9dpJQ-00046-00009528-00009751 if you've got nothing to hide
fHNDts9dpJQ-00047-00009752-00009910 or if you've got nothing to hide you've
fHNDts9dpJQ-00048-00009911-00010095 got nothing to fear essentially
fHNDts9dpJQ-00049-00010096-00010399 but i have a drastic example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00050-00010400-00010735 um if you look back on world war
fHNDts9dpJQ-00051-00010736-00011055 ii uh if it were not for i think i think
fHNDts9dpJQ-00052-00011056-00011167 how to say his name is
fHNDts9dpJQ-00053-00011168-00011463 rennie camille the french military
fHNDts9dpJQ-00054-00011464-00011559 officer
fHNDts9dpJQ-00055-00011560-00011895 and arguably one of the earlier ethical
fHNDts9dpJQ-00056-00011896-00011967 hackers
fHNDts9dpJQ-00057-00011968-00012255 who actually had to sabotage the nazi
fHNDts9dpJQ-00058-00012256-00012367 consensus
fHNDts9dpJQ-00059-00012368-00012678 in france to then protect tens of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00060-00012679-00012799 thousands of jewish
fHNDts9dpJQ-00061-00012800-00013022 people who would have been sent to a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00062-00013023-00013102 death camp
fHNDts9dpJQ-00063-00013103-00013303 i know that's a bit of a drastic example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00064-00013304-00013494 but the reality is
fHNDts9dpJQ-00065-00013495-00013686 you know your right to privacy can
fHNDts9dpJQ-00066-00013687-00013894 protect you right now
fHNDts9dpJQ-00067-00013895-00014071 you might be following all the rules
fHNDts9dpJQ-00068-00014072-00014199 doing exactly what you're supposed
fHNDts9dpJQ-00069-00014200-00014486 to do but what if those change what if
fHNDts9dpJQ-00070-00014487-00014591 there's corruption
fHNDts9dpJQ-00071-00014591-00014855 what if something not so positive
fHNDts9dpJQ-00072-00014856-00014999 happens which we see
fHNDts9dpJQ-00073-00015000-00015199 every day and what's happening in
fHNDts9dpJQ-00074-00015200-00015335 america right now
fHNDts9dpJQ-00075-00015336-00015655 could potentially be quite a big example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00076-00015656-00015735 of that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00077-00015736-00016055 um black lives matter um the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00078-00016056-00016238 destruction of the capitol building or
fHNDts9dpJQ-00079-00016240-00016399 attack of the capital building
fHNDts9dpJQ-00080-00016400-00016615 there's there's all of these very scary
fHNDts9dpJQ-00081-00016616-00016799 uncertain things
fHNDts9dpJQ-00082-00016800-00017215 and i think an average average person
fHNDts9dpJQ-00083-00017216-00017391 if they're looking at their life and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00084-00017392-00017527 saying i want to live
fHNDts9dpJQ-00085-00017528-00017943 free not harming anyone and my right to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00086-00017944-00018214 you know whatever life things that i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00087-00018215-00018407 need and want access to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00088-00018408-00018550 i should be able to do that in a way
fHNDts9dpJQ-00089-00018551-00018758 that's safe for me and that does
fHNDts9dpJQ-00090-00018759-00019143 often mean being able to do it privately
fHNDts9dpJQ-00091-00019144-00019430 if we also look at innovation that side
fHNDts9dpJQ-00092-00019431-00019743 of things of not only safety but also
fHNDts9dpJQ-00093-00019744-00020030 people making cool discoveries making
fHNDts9dpJQ-00094-00020031-00020103 cool
fHNDts9dpJQ-00095-00020104-00020407 changes and solving problems
fHNDts9dpJQ-00096-00020408-00020686 it actually flourishes when we feel safe
fHNDts9dpJQ-00097-00020687-00020847 to make those mistakes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00098-00020848-00021047 so privacy can actually help us be more
fHNDts9dpJQ-00099-00021048-00021222 innovative as well
fHNDts9dpJQ-00100-00021223-00021599 and i think overall the biggest concern
fHNDts9dpJQ-00101-00021600-00021822 from my perspective
fHNDts9dpJQ-00102-00021823-00022175 is growing up in a world
fHNDts9dpJQ-00103-00022176-00022558 that doesn't take everything you've said
fHNDts9dpJQ-00104-00022559-00022839 out of context and negatively and only
fHNDts9dpJQ-00105-00022840-00023022 privacy is going to help with that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00106-00023023-00023286 personally i think i i didn't grow up
fHNDts9dpJQ-00107-00023287-00023478 with the internet all around me all the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00108-00023479-00023567 time
fHNDts9dpJQ-00109-00023568-00023855 and so i'm quite happy that i don't have
fHNDts9dpJQ-00110-00023856-00024022 baby pictures or
fHNDts9dpJQ-00111-00024023-00024342 foolish videos of me as a child um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00112-00024343-00024542 floating around the internet as much as
fHNDts9dpJQ-00113-00024543-00024686 some other people do
fHNDts9dpJQ-00114-00024687-00024903 so i think that also is you know helps
fHNDts9dpJQ-00115-00024904-00025150 me in my life i would say
fHNDts9dpJQ-00116-00025151-00025342 so you brought up a couple of couple of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00117-00025343-00025471 points there um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00118-00025472-00025711 i think the first one was that if i were
fHNDts9dpJQ-00119-00025712-00025934 to reinterpret that a little is that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00120-00025935-00026127 we may think of ourselves as as average
fHNDts9dpJQ-00121-00026127-00026246 people
fHNDts9dpJQ-00122-00026247-00026495 but there are extreme circumstances or
fHNDts9dpJQ-00123-00026495-00026614 different circumstances
fHNDts9dpJQ-00124-00026616-00026902 that that may change that then put us as
fHNDts9dpJQ-00125-00026904-00027087 an average person in a in a circumstance
fHNDts9dpJQ-00126-00027088-00027239 where privacy becomes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00127-00027239-00027423 important having protected our privacy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00128-00027424-00027567 in the past becomes important i think
fHNDts9dpJQ-00129-00027568-00027767 maybe it's a way to think about it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00130-00027768-00027990 yeah definitely definitely and it's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00131-00027991-00028318 quite scary i mean you're relying
fHNDts9dpJQ-00132-00028319-00028527 on if you're if you're okay with ever
fHNDts9dpJQ-00133-00028527-00028687 absolutely everything you do
fHNDts9dpJQ-00134-00028688-00028983 being public knowledge you're relying on
fHNDts9dpJQ-00135-00028983-00029262 nobody to take advantage of that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00136-00029263-00029527 nobody to use that to manipulate you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00137-00029527-00029783 know anybody to use that to harm you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00138-00029783-00030031 or gain you know unauthorized access to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00139-00030032-00030127 you or your
fHNDts9dpJQ-00140-00030127-00030374 loved ones there's there's that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00141-00030375-00030583 assumption that everybody has
fHNDts9dpJQ-00142-00030583-00030927 the best intentions um but i can promise
fHNDts9dpJQ-00143-00030927-00031118 you that's not the case
fHNDts9dpJQ-00144-00031119-00031423 uh it could be you know a stranger but
fHNDts9dpJQ-00145-00031424-00031558 it also could be someone
fHNDts9dpJQ-00146-00031560-00031735 which i think we'll talk about in a bit
fHNDts9dpJQ-00147-00031736-00031887 about um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00148-00031888-00032087 that maybe appears to have the best
fHNDts9dpJQ-00149-00032088-00032207 intention but
fHNDts9dpJQ-00150-00032208-00032431 doesn't and could physically or
fHNDts9dpJQ-00151-00032432-00032662 emotionally harm you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00152-00032663-00033127 yeah this idea of of abuse is one that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00153-00033128-00033479 that i think is maybe hard for
fHNDts9dpJQ-00154-00033480-00033687 the average person to to imagine or
fHNDts9dpJQ-00155-00033688-00033783 think about
fHNDts9dpJQ-00156-00033784-00033951 although maybe easier you know in
fHNDts9dpJQ-00157-00033952-00034143 today's political climate
fHNDts9dpJQ-00158-00034144-00034415 that just because someone is supposed to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00159-00034416-00034527 follow the rules
fHNDts9dpJQ-00160-00034528-00034702 about what they do with data they have
fHNDts9dpJQ-00161-00034703-00034927 access to doesn't mean that they always
fHNDts9dpJQ-00162-00034928-00034974 will
fHNDts9dpJQ-00163-00034975-00035159 and i there are lots of examples from
fHNDts9dpJQ-00164-00035160-00035302 history of of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00165-00035303-00035518 uh you know people abusing the access
fHNDts9dpJQ-00166-00035519-00035655 that they have whether it's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00167-00035656-00035879 you know access you know as an employee
fHNDts9dpJQ-00168-00035880-00036046 of a corporation or it's accessed as a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00169-00036047-00036095 you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00170-00036096-00036279 a person of authority a law enforcement
fHNDts9dpJQ-00171-00036280-00036423 officer that kind of thing i think that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00172-00036424-00036646 that certainly happens
fHNDts9dpJQ-00173-00036647-00036974 definitely definitely and and it changes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00174-00036975-00037343 i mean a really good example especially
fHNDts9dpJQ-00175-00037344-00037607 this week is everybody moving off of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00176-00037608-00037711 whatsapp
fHNDts9dpJQ-00177-00037712-00037967 um because their terms and conditions
fHNDts9dpJQ-00178-00037968-00038135 changed
fHNDts9dpJQ-00179-00038136-00038423 the reality is when i started using it i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00180-00038424-00038535 had to be
fHNDts9dpJQ-00181-00038536-00038862 coerced into using it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00182-00038863-00039135 i guess you could say but um everybody
fHNDts9dpJQ-00183-00039136-00039374 was using it and i hated it but i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00184-00039375-00039607 eventually had to you know go down the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00185-00039608-00039823 route of using it because everybody else
fHNDts9dpJQ-00186-00039824-00039895 was
fHNDts9dpJQ-00187-00039896-00040183 and um i made that conscious decision
fHNDts9dpJQ-00188-00040184-00040271 knowing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00189-00040272-00040607 who owns that company a lot of people
fHNDts9dpJQ-00190-00040608-00040774 made that decision saying oh it's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00191-00040775-00040918 end-to-end encrypted it's safe we're
fHNDts9dpJQ-00192-00040919-00041015 okay
fHNDts9dpJQ-00193-00041016-00041262 what they didn't realize is you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00194-00041263-00041399 that that can change
fHNDts9dpJQ-00195-00041400-00041711 people you know they may not be honest
fHNDts9dpJQ-00196-00041712-00041751 about
fHNDts9dpJQ-00197-00041752-00041967 everything that's going on and in the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00198-00041968-00042223 future if somebody purchases it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00199-00042224-00042495 or if somebody being facebook gains
fHNDts9dpJQ-00200-00042496-00042558 access
fHNDts9dpJQ-00201-00042559-00042887 to that data they will use it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00202-00042888-00043071 well and this is an interesting angle on
fHNDts9dpJQ-00203-00043072-00043255 on
fHNDts9dpJQ-00204-00043256-00043495 you know data ownership or or maybe it's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00205-00043496-00043679 right to privacy as well but this idea
fHNDts9dpJQ-00206-00043680-00043783 that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00207-00043784-00044143 your data should remain yours regardless
fHNDts9dpJQ-00208-00044144-00044190 of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00209-00044191-00044479 of you know changes in ownership over a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00210-00044480-00044727 company or an app and that kind of thing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00211-00044728-00044871 and that's a difficult one because in
fHNDts9dpJQ-00212-00044872-00045030 many many ways
fHNDts9dpJQ-00213-00045031-00045223 one of the reasons to for one company to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00214-00045224-00045455 buy another is for access to the data
fHNDts9dpJQ-00215-00045456-00045567 that they have
fHNDts9dpJQ-00216-00045568-00045823 oh completely it's like 23 me when was
fHNDts9dpJQ-00217-00045824-00046007 it sold 2018
fHNDts9dpJQ-00218-00046008-00046311 that that company spent oh was it 300
fHNDts9dpJQ-00219-00046312-00046446 million or something
fHNDts9dpJQ-00220-00046447-00046646 it was a very high amount and they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00221-00046647-00046879 weren't purchasing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00222-00046880-00047046 not i mean they were purchasing the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00223-00047047-00047223 brand but they were also purchasing the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00224-00047224-00047486 data that's why it's so valuable
fHNDts9dpJQ-00225-00047487-00047679 yeah and i think of those genetic
fHNDts9dpJQ-00226-00047680-00047855 testing companies i think there were
fHNDts9dpJQ-00227-00047856-00048030 maybe i might get this wrong i think
fHNDts9dpJQ-00228-00048031-00048158 there were four of them that were sort
fHNDts9dpJQ-00229-00048159-00048239 of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00230-00048240-00048471 big and at least three of them now have
fHNDts9dpJQ-00231-00048472-00048630 entered into either some agreement or an
fHNDts9dpJQ-00232-00048631-00048783 acquisition that that puts the data
fHNDts9dpJQ-00233-00048784-00048990 they've collected at risk
fHNDts9dpJQ-00234-00048991-00049223 but they you know information security
fHNDts9dpJQ-00235-00049224-00049343 professionals who are always thinking
fHNDts9dpJQ-00236-00049344-00049535 about how things might break
fHNDts9dpJQ-00237-00049536-00049783 um when those genetic testing companies
fHNDts9dpJQ-00238-00049784-00049886 started being
fHNDts9dpJQ-00239-00049887-00050055 uh becoming popular all pointed out well
fHNDts9dpJQ-00240-00050056-00050190 this just because they're protecting
fHNDts9dpJQ-00241-00050191-00050302 your data now doesn't mean that they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00242-00050303-00050407 always will
fHNDts9dpJQ-00243-00050408-00050727 no exactly and and the other side is as
fHNDts9dpJQ-00244-00050728-00050918 much as i want to say
fHNDts9dpJQ-00245-00050919-00051246 that we you know maybe we've
fHNDts9dpJQ-00246-00051247-00051407 implemented privacy and security by
fHNDts9dpJQ-00247-00051408-00051630 design but the reality is we're humans
fHNDts9dpJQ-00248-00051632-00051799 even if we're the developers and have
fHNDts9dpJQ-00249-00051800-00051942 the best intentions
fHNDts9dpJQ-00250-00051944-00052094 there will be times where we make
fHNDts9dpJQ-00251-00052095-00052279 mistakes so
fHNDts9dpJQ-00252-00052279-00052591 the typical general user the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00253-00052591-00052782 end user they they need to acknowledge
fHNDts9dpJQ-00254-00052783-00052903 that and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00255-00052904-00053159 there's been cases where i mean and a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00256-00053160-00053294 good example a bit
fHNDts9dpJQ-00257-00053295-00053550 older now but a good example is you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00258-00053551-00053630 snapchat
fHNDts9dpJQ-00259-00053632-00053838 a lot of people i even had a person come
fHNDts9dpJQ-00260-00053839-00054023 up to me after a talk and say
fHNDts9dpJQ-00261-00054024-00054335 are my pictures actually being deleted
fHNDts9dpJQ-00262-00054336-00054671 and as much as i wanted to say yeah they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00263-00054672-00054703 are
fHNDts9dpJQ-00264-00054704-00054950 i didn't believe it and then it came out
fHNDts9dpJQ-00265-00054951-00055103 that it wasn't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00266-00055104-00055375 um instagram i think recently had that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00267-00055376-00055438 as well
fHNDts9dpJQ-00268-00055439-00055687 wasn't it where deleted data wasn't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00269-00055688-00055935 actually deleted
fHNDts9dpJQ-00270-00055936-00056150 yeah and i think it's when people ask
fHNDts9dpJQ-00271-00056151-00056271 that question are you know are my
fHNDts9dpJQ-00272-00056272-00056407 pictures being deleted or is my data
fHNDts9dpJQ-00273-00056408-00056494 being deleted
fHNDts9dpJQ-00274-00056495-00056703 it's very easy for a company to say yes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00275-00056704-00056879 but if you ask a different question
fHNDts9dpJQ-00276-00056879-00057071 how do i know that my pictures are being
fHNDts9dpJQ-00277-00057072-00057294 deleted that's a very difficult question
fHNDts9dpJQ-00278-00057295-00057438 for a company to answer
fHNDts9dpJQ-00279-00057439-00057742 because for snapchat to prove to me as a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00280-00057744-00057966 as a user that might my data has been
fHNDts9dpJQ-00281-00057967-00058054 deleted
fHNDts9dpJQ-00282-00058055-00058342 is actually quite difficult to do yeah
fHNDts9dpJQ-00283-00058344-00058535 and and actually the instagram one if i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00284-00058536-00058647 remember correctly
fHNDts9dpJQ-00285-00058648-00058854 i think it was a scary researcher that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00286-00058855-00059079 did a um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00287-00059079-00059399 data uh what was the word
fHNDts9dpJQ-00288-00059400-00059575 i can never remember how to say that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00289-00059576-00059782 they did a subject access request i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00290-00059783-00059911 believe it was
fHNDts9dpJQ-00291-00059912-00060087 and that's where they gained access to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00292-00060088-00060282 data that was supposed to have been
fHNDts9dpJQ-00293-00060283-00060463 deleted more than a year ago
fHNDts9dpJQ-00294-00060464-00060638 and that's how they found out actually
fHNDts9dpJQ-00295-00060639-00061326 this data is not being deleted
fHNDts9dpJQ-00296-00061327-00061526 you are listening to the tripwire cyber
fHNDts9dpJQ-00297-00061527-00061687 security podcast
fHNDts9dpJQ-00298-00061688-00061879 thousands of organizations rely on
fHNDts9dpJQ-00299-00061879-00062006 tripwire to serve
fHNDts9dpJQ-00300-00062007-00062199 as the core of their cybersecurity
fHNDts9dpJQ-00301-00062200-00062366 programs why
fHNDts9dpJQ-00302-00062367-00062582 because we detect suspicious activity
fHNDts9dpJQ-00303-00062583-00062775 before it becomes breach
fHNDts9dpJQ-00304-00062776-00062991 our systems work on site and in the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00305-00062991-00063111 cloud to find
fHNDts9dpJQ-00306-00063112-00063342 monitor and minimize a wide range of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00307-00063344-00063438 threats
fHNDts9dpJQ-00308-00063439-00063647 with deep system visibility and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00309-00063648-00063775 automated compliance
fHNDts9dpJQ-00310-00063776-00063966 we help you shorten the time it takes to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00311-00063967-00064126 catch vulnerabilities
fHNDts9dpJQ-00312-00064127-00064350 and ensure your organization is
fHNDts9dpJQ-00313-00064351-00064599 following the absolute best practices
fHNDts9dpJQ-00314-00064600-00064863 in cyber security today for more
fHNDts9dpJQ-00315-00064864-00065150 information visit tripwire.com
fHNDts9dpJQ-00316-00065151-00065543 that's tripwatch.com so i mean this is
fHNDts9dpJQ-00317-00065544-00065735 challenging because i think a right to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00318-00065736-00065943 privacy is is one thing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00319-00065944-00066215 like we can we can write into law a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00320-00066216-00066359 right to privacy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00321-00066360-00066575 but what does it mean in practice to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00322-00066576-00066719 keep your data private like is it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00323-00066720-00066926 possible to actually use these
fHNDts9dpJQ-00324-00066927-00067150 social media tools and apps that are so
fHNDts9dpJQ-00325-00067151-00067455 popular and actually maintain privacy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00326-00067456-00067847 i would say yes but
fHNDts9dpJQ-00327-00067848-00068287 there's degrees of privacy so
fHNDts9dpJQ-00328-00068288-00068511 i would say the average user probably
fHNDts9dpJQ-00329-00068512-00068750 doesn't need to be 100 000 million
fHNDts9dpJQ-00330-00068751-00068838 percent
fHNDts9dpJQ-00331-00068839-00069199 anonymous and it's quite expensive and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00332-00069200-00069326 it's quite difficult
fHNDts9dpJQ-00333-00069327-00069606 to do that um i have a background in
fHNDts9dpJQ-00334-00069607-00069838 intelligence and investigations
fHNDts9dpJQ-00335-00069839-00070094 uh using data like open source
fHNDts9dpJQ-00336-00070095-00070238 intelligence which is
fHNDts9dpJQ-00337-00070239-00070543 investigating publicly available data
fHNDts9dpJQ-00338-00070544-00070775 and um the one thing that i would
fHNDts9dpJQ-00339-00070776-00070950 constantly get asked is
fHNDts9dpJQ-00340-00070951-00071159 i want to be 100 anonymous how do i do
fHNDts9dpJQ-00341-00071160-00071294 that and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00342-00071295-00071471 i would say to them you know you don't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00343-00071472-00071750 necessarily need to be 100 anonymous
fHNDts9dpJQ-00344-00071751-00072079 you know you want to be private yes uh
fHNDts9dpJQ-00345-00072080-00072271 but there's ways to do it in a way that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00346-00072272-00072511 works for you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00347-00072512-00072782 yes you can use social media yes you can
fHNDts9dpJQ-00348-00072783-00072831 use
fHNDts9dpJQ-00349-00072832-00073150 technology iot or the internet of things
fHNDts9dpJQ-00350-00073151-00073206 so
fHNDts9dpJQ-00351-00073207-00073455 smart devices but you have to do it with
fHNDts9dpJQ-00352-00073456-00073550 a conscious
fHNDts9dpJQ-00353-00073551-00073862 decision and what that means is
fHNDts9dpJQ-00354-00073863-00074223 be aware of what
fHNDts9dpJQ-00355-00074224-00074567 device or what platform you're using
fHNDts9dpJQ-00356-00074568-00074975 no what does that mean like for example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00357-00074976-00075182 uh where is that data being sent or
fHNDts9dpJQ-00358-00075183-00075294 stored
fHNDts9dpJQ-00359-00075295-00075719 and who is it being shared with and also
fHNDts9dpJQ-00360-00075720-00076006 in a less technical kind of perspective
fHNDts9dpJQ-00361-00076007-00076071 who are you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00362-00076072-00076375 sharing that data with so if i'm
fHNDts9dpJQ-00363-00076376-00076687 if i'm a user on facebook for example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00364-00076688-00076911 and i have my community of friends and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00365-00076912-00077111 family
fHNDts9dpJQ-00366-00077112-00077367 who is that audience exactly do i know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00367-00077368-00077567 all of those people
fHNDts9dpJQ-00368-00077568-00077815 and am i comfortable with one facebook
fHNDts9dpJQ-00369-00077816-00078023 having that information but to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00370-00078024-00078247 those people having that information
fHNDts9dpJQ-00371-00078248-00078399 because the minute it gets
fHNDts9dpJQ-00372-00078400-00078647 out there it can be shared even if
fHNDts9dpJQ-00373-00078648-00078815 you've got a private account
fHNDts9dpJQ-00374-00078816-00079135 it can be shared but also do you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00375-00079136-00079247 those people
fHNDts9dpJQ-00376-00079248-00079526 and i think one thing that often comes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00377-00079527-00079735 up when i speak to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00378-00079736-00080079 younger persons is the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00379-00080080-00080367 acknowledgement that not everybody
fHNDts9dpJQ-00380-00080368-00080438 online
fHNDts9dpJQ-00381-00080439-00080767 has my best intentions in place like
fHNDts9dpJQ-00382-00080768-00081047 maybe they don't what they pretend to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00383-00081048-00081159 care about isn't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00384-00081160-00081406 true maybe they're not actually the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00385-00081407-00081582 person that they say they are
fHNDts9dpJQ-00386-00081583-00081791 or maybe they're not coming from the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00387-00081792-00082135 location they say they are for example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00388-00082136-00082406 and realizing that helps us i know it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00389-00082407-00082526 sounds very negative
fHNDts9dpJQ-00390-00082527-00082711 but realizing that actually helps us
fHNDts9dpJQ-00391-00082712-00082831 design
fHNDts9dpJQ-00392-00082832-00083143 our privacy plan or our online platform
fHNDts9dpJQ-00393-00083144-00083247 plan
fHNDts9dpJQ-00394-00083248-00083606 so that we can maintain it day to day
fHNDts9dpJQ-00395-00083607-00083918 but also it's still positive
fHNDts9dpJQ-00396-00083919-00084318 in our life sometimes that means
fHNDts9dpJQ-00397-00084319-00084535 taking accounts offline that we don't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00398-00084536-00084671 use or don't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00399-00084672-00084918 actually get benefit from and sometimes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00400-00084919-00085015 that means
fHNDts9dpJQ-00401-00085016-00085287 sharing content but knowing what that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00402-00085288-00085423 impact is
fHNDts9dpJQ-00403-00085424-00085806 so a really good example is um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00404-00085807-00086182 sometimes when you post stuff online
fHNDts9dpJQ-00405-00086183-00086415 that has a location attached to it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00406-00086416-00086631 maybe post it once you physically left
fHNDts9dpJQ-00407-00086632-00086759 that location
fHNDts9dpJQ-00408-00086760-00086943 i know there's an actress oh i can't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00409-00086944-00087071 remember her name
fHNDts9dpJQ-00410-00087072-00087375 that um she practices that where she
fHNDts9dpJQ-00411-00087376-00087718 only posts physical identifying locate
fHNDts9dpJQ-00412-00087719-00087855 like pictures and that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00413-00087856-00088079 when she's no longer in that place to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00414-00088080-00088191 keep herself safe
fHNDts9dpJQ-00415-00088192-00088391 and that was her plan and it works for
fHNDts9dpJQ-00416-00088392-00088582 her because she still gets to enjoy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00417-00088583-00088967 sharing but isn't doesn't feel
fHNDts9dpJQ-00418-00088968-00089255 at risk if that makes example um makes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00419-00089256-00089375 sense
fHNDts9dpJQ-00420-00089376-00089703 and uh and so it's it's just recognizing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00421-00089704-00090159 how much data is in what i'm posting
fHNDts9dpJQ-00422-00090160-00090406 a good example and one i think does
fHNDts9dpJQ-00423-00090407-00090471 relate
fHNDts9dpJQ-00424-00090472-00090903 to the everyday person is back in 2017 i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00425-00090904-00091047 believe it was
fHNDts9dpJQ-00426-00091048-00091415 i was on a show called um the coil files
fHNDts9dpJQ-00427-00091416-00091631 with one of my best friends scott helm
fHNDts9dpJQ-00428-00091632-00091862 where we investigated the audience so it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00429-00091863-00091926 was there
fHNDts9dpJQ-00430-00091927-00092191 eight women i believe it was and we
fHNDts9dpJQ-00431-00092192-00092399 investigated their social media presence
fHNDts9dpJQ-00432-00092400-00092615 whilst they were speaking to uh the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00433-00092616-00092806 presenter thinking that they were
fHNDts9dpJQ-00434-00092807-00093062 there for another reason um to be fair
fHNDts9dpJQ-00435-00093063-00093206 everything we did was ethical
fHNDts9dpJQ-00436-00093207-00093391 we did actually have a police officer
fHNDts9dpJQ-00437-00093392-00093511 there um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00438-00093512-00093726 who did the same sort of investigations
fHNDts9dpJQ-00439-00093727-00093887 himself
fHNDts9dpJQ-00440-00093888-00094199 and uh it was quite quite fun but uh
fHNDts9dpJQ-00441-00094200-00094423 quite sobering and one of the images
fHNDts9dpJQ-00442-00094424-00094511 that i found
fHNDts9dpJQ-00443-00094512-00094838 was a picture of a child and it was a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00444-00094839-00094911 very
fHNDts9dpJQ-00445-00094912-00095326 loving photo it was the child had
fHNDts9dpJQ-00446-00095327-00095606 succeeded in some achievement in sports
fHNDts9dpJQ-00447-00095607-00095655 uh
fHNDts9dpJQ-00448-00095656-00095887 it was football uh he was holding a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00449-00095888-00095974 certificate
fHNDts9dpJQ-00450-00095975-00096174 he was very proud about it uh for the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00451-00096175-00096374 american audience that is soccer
fHNDts9dpJQ-00452-00096375-00096726 um and uh and he was very proud about it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00453-00096727-00096871 his mom was very proud about and she
fHNDts9dpJQ-00454-00096872-00097118 posted that picture online
fHNDts9dpJQ-00455-00097119-00097455 the challenge that i came across it was
fHNDts9dpJQ-00456-00097456-00097694 it was a publicly available photo so i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00457-00097695-00097871 did not need to be friends with her to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00458-00097872-00097974 see it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00459-00097975-00098335 uh it had the child's first and surname
fHNDts9dpJQ-00460-00098336-00098638 it had his um obviously his gender as
fHNDts9dpJQ-00461-00098639-00098679 well
fHNDts9dpJQ-00462-00098680-00098974 and his location because it said what
fHNDts9dpJQ-00463-00098975-00099206 sports team he was a part of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00464-00099207-00099535 and therefore i could then potentially
fHNDts9dpJQ-00465-00099536-00099847 find out who's in his family i could
fHNDts9dpJQ-00466-00099848-00100031 find out to make a likely
fHNDts9dpJQ-00467-00100032-00100287 storyline of why i'm there i could find
fHNDts9dpJQ-00468-00100288-00100431 out his routine
fHNDts9dpJQ-00469-00100432-00100631 i could find out physically therefore
fHNDts9dpJQ-00470-00100632-00100823 where he was at what time
fHNDts9dpJQ-00471-00100824-00101023 and potentially build a plan to abduct
fHNDts9dpJQ-00472-00101024-00101191 him and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00473-00101192-00101526 for the mother that was horrible to hear
fHNDts9dpJQ-00474-00101527-00101694 because that is not her intention
fHNDts9dpJQ-00475-00101695-00102055 whatsoever but she
fHNDts9dpJQ-00476-00102056-00102279 didn't realize because she would never
fHNDts9dpJQ-00477-00102280-00102367 do this
fHNDts9dpJQ-00478-00102368-00102518 that there are people with those
fHNDts9dpJQ-00479-00102519-00102694 malicious intentions
fHNDts9dpJQ-00480-00102695-00103006 and so instead of posting something
fHNDts9dpJQ-00481-00103007-00103247 like that photo she could have posted
fHNDts9dpJQ-00482-00103248-00103382 something of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00483-00103383-00103710 her son outside of any sort of uniform
fHNDts9dpJQ-00484-00103711-00104039 holding a football or a soccer ball um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00485-00104040-00104239 and that's it and that still would
fHNDts9dpJQ-00486-00104240-00104399 achieve similar things i mean he
fHNDts9dpJQ-00487-00104400-00104502 achieved something
fHNDts9dpJQ-00488-00104503-00104806 quite lovely um it was a you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00489-00104807-00105158 a celebration photo but
fHNDts9dpJQ-00490-00105159-00105334 it led to more information than it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00491-00105335-00105583 should have
fHNDts9dpJQ-00492-00105583-00105783 yeah i mean that's such a challenging i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00493-00105783-00105910 mean it's a great example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00494-00105911-00106231 of how a photo that's perceived as
fHNDts9dpJQ-00495-00106232-00106415 completely innocent seems like it's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00496-00106416-00106623 it's tailor-made for sharing on social
fHNDts9dpJQ-00497-00106624-00106734 media
fHNDts9dpJQ-00498-00106735-00106999 um gives away a bunch of information
fHNDts9dpJQ-00499-00107000-00107231 that you might not want to give away
fHNDts9dpJQ-00500-00107232-00107519 and for a parent or for that that parent
fHNDts9dpJQ-00501-00107520-00107799 who's posting it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00502-00107800-00107943 they're not they're not thinking about
fHNDts9dpJQ-00503-00107944-00108166 how widely that's being shared
fHNDts9dpJQ-00504-00108167-00108351 and why would they and why would they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00505-00108352-00108527 because of course of all of the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00506-00108528-00108695 the tools used to share those photos
fHNDts9dpJQ-00507-00108696-00108847 focus not on how widely it's being
fHNDts9dpJQ-00508-00108848-00108975 shared but on
fHNDts9dpJQ-00509-00108976-00109143 how easy it is to share and how you can
fHNDts9dpJQ-00510-00109144-00109271 share it with your your friends and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00511-00109272-00109423 family that kind of thing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00512-00109424-00109623 and you would never assume you would
fHNDts9dpJQ-00513-00109624-00109910 never assume somebody would want to harm
fHNDts9dpJQ-00514-00109911-00110134 you know somebody in your connections or
fHNDts9dpJQ-00515-00110135-00110327 you know viewing that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00516-00110328-00110566 potentially you don't know why would you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00517-00110567-00110734 assume that they're there to harm
fHNDts9dpJQ-00518-00110735-00110895 you know you wouldn't make that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00519-00110896-00111039 assumption of course
fHNDts9dpJQ-00520-00111040-00111278 yeah and then the other the other
fHNDts9dpJQ-00521-00111279-00111351 example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00522-00111352-00111590 and the one that i should bring up to be
fHNDts9dpJQ-00523-00111591-00111678 clear
fHNDts9dpJQ-00524-00111679-00112031 is um also viewing the ever dreaded
fHNDts9dpJQ-00525-00112032-00112327 terms and conditions uh the reason i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00526-00112328-00112407 mentioned that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00527-00112408-00112678 is one uh if they ever do share your
fHNDts9dpJQ-00528-00112679-00112815 data they have to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00529-00112816-00113031 either say you you either have to agree
fHNDts9dpJQ-00530-00113032-00113119 to it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00531-00113120-00113454 or um you know if it ever changes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00532-00113455-00113734 like it did in whatsapp um and also you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00533-00113735-00113823 have to understand
fHNDts9dpJQ-00534-00113824-00114039 what the impact is you know who owns
fHNDts9dpJQ-00535-00114040-00114134 that data
fHNDts9dpJQ-00536-00114135-00114415 once you upload it in some sites they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00537-00114416-00114527 take that ownership
fHNDts9dpJQ-00538-00114528-00114719 and the only way you can get it down and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00539-00114720-00114919 there have been situations where
fHNDts9dpJQ-00540-00114920-00115199 getting images taken offline especially
fHNDts9dpJQ-00541-00115200-00115399 in regards to non-consensual
fHNDts9dpJQ-00542-00115400-00115686 um pornography or also known as revenge
fHNDts9dpJQ-00543-00115688-00115758 phone
fHNDts9dpJQ-00544-00115759-00116039 um is realizing where is it posted first
fHNDts9dpJQ-00545-00116040-00116247 and can i do a copyright
fHNDts9dpJQ-00546-00116248-00116399 you know can i say i own this and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00547-00116400-00116566 therefore i'm going to take it down
fHNDts9dpJQ-00548-00116567-00116847 um i'm not saying that you have to read
fHNDts9dpJQ-00549-00116848-00116958 every term and condition
fHNDts9dpJQ-00550-00116959-00117207 and understand it i swear to you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00551-00117208-00117383 sometimes they are written to be
fHNDts9dpJQ-00552-00117383-00117495 confusing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00553-00117496-00117766 at least i think they are but you can do
fHNDts9dpJQ-00554-00117767-00117823 research
fHNDts9dpJQ-00555-00117824-00118086 on people that have already done it a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00556-00118088-00118175 good example
fHNDts9dpJQ-00557-00118176-00118519 is the children's commissioner in the uk
fHNDts9dpJQ-00558-00118520-00118910 and they did i think it was in 2017 so a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00559-00118911-00119063 bit ago
fHNDts9dpJQ-00560-00119064-00119327 they actually reviewed some popular uh
fHNDts9dpJQ-00561-00119328-00119463 social media sites
fHNDts9dpJQ-00562-00119464-00119702 and re-wrote the terms and conditions
fHNDts9dpJQ-00563-00119703-00119847 with partnership of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00564-00119848-00120110 uh lawyers i actually have a friend who
fHNDts9dpJQ-00565-00120111-00120166 um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00566-00120167-00120358 she's a top privacy lawyer and she
fHNDts9dpJQ-00567-00120359-00120607 helped with this and they rewrote
fHNDts9dpJQ-00568-00120608-00120854 facebook instagram snapchat so on and so
fHNDts9dpJQ-00569-00120855-00120919 forth
fHNDts9dpJQ-00570-00120920-00121278 and to be user friendly to children even
fHNDts9dpJQ-00571-00121279-00121447 so that they could understand
fHNDts9dpJQ-00572-00121448-00121751 what data they're sharing and i think it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00573-00121752-00121814 was
fHNDts9dpJQ-00574-00121815-00122054 instagram's terms and conditions at that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00575-00122055-00122295 time were 17 pages long
fHNDts9dpJQ-00576-00122296-00122599 they rewrote it into one page
fHNDts9dpJQ-00577-00122600-00122783 wow i mean that's a huge improvement but
fHNDts9dpJQ-00578-00122783-00122927 a whole page of terms and conditions
fHNDts9dpJQ-00579-00122928-00123078 still feels like quite a lot actually
fHNDts9dpJQ-00580-00123079-00123247 for most people
fHNDts9dpJQ-00581-00123248-00123495 that is true that is true i think at the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00582-00123496-00123686 end of the day
fHNDts9dpJQ-00583-00123688-00124031 you if you want to be in control
fHNDts9dpJQ-00584-00124032-00124223 you do have to understand that what that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00585-00124224-00124358 means and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00586-00124359-00124575 if you're not going to read it and i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00587-00124576-00124695 i'll be honest i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00588-00124696-00124943 very rarely read a ton of terms and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00589-00124944-00125143 conditions i love privacy policies
fHNDts9dpJQ-00590-00125144-00125327 because they tend to be pretty short but
fHNDts9dpJQ-00591-00125328-00125543 um i don't love terms and conditions and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00592-00125544-00125751 i do check them off especially when i'm
fHNDts9dpJQ-00593-00125752-00125839 in a rush
fHNDts9dpJQ-00594-00125840-00126054 so i'm not trying to criticize anyone
fHNDts9dpJQ-00595-00126055-00126166 else but
fHNDts9dpJQ-00596-00126167-00126583 um but i also do make that decision of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00597-00126583-00126734 what am i going to share on that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00598-00126735-00126910 platform so uh
fHNDts9dpJQ-00599-00126911-00127183 you you started to touch there on a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00600-00127183-00127334 another topic where you have some
fHNDts9dpJQ-00601-00127335-00127399 experience
fHNDts9dpJQ-00602-00127400-00127599 um you volunteer helping survivors of of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00603-00127600-00127775 domestic violence protect their privacy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00604-00127776-00127886 and data
fHNDts9dpJQ-00605-00127888-00127975 tell me a little bit about that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00606-00127976-00128190 volunteer work that you're doing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00607-00128191-00128454 yeah so i currently volunteer with a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00608-00128455-00128534 company called
fHNDts9dpJQ-00609-00128535-00128783 operation safe escape or sorry to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00610-00128783-00128902 volunteer organization
fHNDts9dpJQ-00611-00128903-00129271 it's actually registered in america and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00612-00129272-00129566 the aim of that organization is to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00613-00129567-00129639 support
fHNDts9dpJQ-00614-00129640-00129951 um survivors of domestic abuse in those
fHNDts9dpJQ-00615-00129952-00130054 situations
fHNDts9dpJQ-00616-00130055-00130263 leaving those situations and have left
fHNDts9dpJQ-00617-00130264-00130399 those situations
fHNDts9dpJQ-00618-00130400-00130719 and um there's a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00619-00130720-00131047 huge community of people that do things
fHNDts9dpJQ-00620-00131048-00131095 like
fHNDts9dpJQ-00621-00131096-00131254 open source intelligence so
fHNDts9dpJQ-00622-00131255-00131551 investigating the footprint online
fHNDts9dpJQ-00623-00131552-00131902 securing devices even
fHNDts9dpJQ-00624-00131903-00132214 you know legal advice uh training on how
fHNDts9dpJQ-00625-00132215-00132319 to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00626-00132320-00132551 take back control and retain that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00627-00132552-00132687 control
fHNDts9dpJQ-00628-00132688-00132951 along with how to do it safely and one
fHNDts9dpJQ-00629-00132952-00133047 thing that people
fHNDts9dpJQ-00630-00133048-00133302 often and unfortunately even the media
fHNDts9dpJQ-00631-00133303-00133414 can get wrong
fHNDts9dpJQ-00632-00133415-00133687 is saying secure your accounts lock down
fHNDts9dpJQ-00633-00133688-00133943 your accounts put mfa in place
fHNDts9dpJQ-00634-00133944-00134278 but what they forget is in a situation
fHNDts9dpJQ-00635-00134279-00134487 of domestic abuse and violence
fHNDts9dpJQ-00636-00134488-00134735 taking back control is the most
fHNDts9dpJQ-00637-00134736-00134911 dangerous time
fHNDts9dpJQ-00638-00134912-00135159 i've been a survivor of domestic abuse
fHNDts9dpJQ-00639-00135160-00135375 and violence i have left that situation
fHNDts9dpJQ-00640-00135376-00135575 and that's actually how i got into
fHNDts9dpJQ-00641-00135576-00136007 my current career and i can promise you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00642-00136008-00136343 the unknown is absolutely terrifying
fHNDts9dpJQ-00643-00136344-00136599 at that time i was not technical and i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00644-00136600-00136766 actually had to be self-taught
fHNDts9dpJQ-00645-00136767-00137007 and that's how again i built this career
fHNDts9dpJQ-00646-00137008-00137095 but
fHNDts9dpJQ-00647-00137096-00137414 but it's very scary it's very scary
fHNDts9dpJQ-00648-00137415-00137775 and when you make that decision
fHNDts9dpJQ-00649-00137776-00138031 that you are going to leave that's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00650-00138032-00138214 actually the most dangerous part
fHNDts9dpJQ-00651-00138215-00138607 and it has led to situation i think
fHNDts9dpJQ-00652-00138608-00138863 bbc i think they released an article
fHNDts9dpJQ-00653-00138864-00138990 this year that said
fHNDts9dpJQ-00654-00138991-00139319 38 of um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00655-00139320-00139631 women that are murdered globally uh that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00656-00139632-00139783 globally being in the uk
fHNDts9dpJQ-00657-00139784-00140190 uh are done by either current or um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00658-00140191-00140439 previous partners intimate partners
fHNDts9dpJQ-00659-00140440-00140831 and the reality is is when you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00660-00140832-00141039 when you are taking back control you are
fHNDts9dpJQ-00661-00141040-00141247 actually in a dangerous situation
fHNDts9dpJQ-00662-00141248-00141414 and therefore you have to do it in a way
fHNDts9dpJQ-00663-00141415-00141551 that's safe
fHNDts9dpJQ-00664-00141552-00141871 and that does often mean having a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00665-00141872-00141959 community
fHNDts9dpJQ-00666-00141960-00142254 that's able to guide you through that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00667-00142255-00142431 safely
fHNDts9dpJQ-00668-00142432-00142590 so i uh you pointed out something there
fHNDts9dpJQ-00669-00142591-00142766 that seemed really important to me
fHNDts9dpJQ-00670-00142767-00142839 because if
fHNDts9dpJQ-00671-00142840-00143039 if someone were to ask me for that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00672-00143040-00143223 advice first of all i'm probably not the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00673-00143224-00143311 right person to ask
fHNDts9dpJQ-00674-00143312-00143575 but i think my first response would be
fHNDts9dpJQ-00675-00143576-00143735 yeah you should start locking down your
fHNDts9dpJQ-00676-00143736-00143878 accounts making sure that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00677-00143879-00144143 people don't have access uh that would
fHNDts9dpJQ-00678-00144144-00144326 sort of be the key thing but it sounds
fHNDts9dpJQ-00679-00144327-00144471 like you're saying
fHNDts9dpJQ-00680-00144472-00144751 that that's not necessarily the step you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00681-00144752-00144854 should take
fHNDts9dpJQ-00682-00144855-00145063 immediately yeah that's not the first
fHNDts9dpJQ-00683-00145064-00145223 step i would take at all
fHNDts9dpJQ-00684-00145224-00145614 um for me personally what happened in my
fHNDts9dpJQ-00685-00145615-00145702 situation
fHNDts9dpJQ-00686-00145703-00146087 is i didn't do that i left
fHNDts9dpJQ-00687-00146088-00146431 and they retained access to uh
fHNDts9dpJQ-00688-00146432-00146639 i believe it was my email at the time
fHNDts9dpJQ-00689-00146640-00146831 and i think a couple of my social media
fHNDts9dpJQ-00690-00146832-00146943 accounts
fHNDts9dpJQ-00691-00146944-00147295 and they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00692-00147296-00147614 when i'd left i didn't know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00693-00147615-00147775 uh some of the accounts they had access
fHNDts9dpJQ-00694-00147776-00147951 to i eventually figured it out but i
fHNDts9dpJQ-00695-00147952-00148039 didn't know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00696-00148040-00148454 um and the reason i did for some of them
fHNDts9dpJQ-00697-00148455-00148526 that i did
fHNDts9dpJQ-00698-00148527-00148847 know is because i was scared of this
fHNDts9dpJQ-00699-00148848-00148926 person
fHNDts9dpJQ-00700-00148927-00149239 and they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00701-00149240-00149526 they threatened me um and they had quite
fHNDts9dpJQ-00702-00149527-00149719 a bit control over me and i didn't know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00703-00149720-00149839 the extent of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00704-00149840-00149990 what they would do but also i didn't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00705-00149991-00150231 know the extent of what they could do
fHNDts9dpJQ-00706-00150232-00150535 um and so that and that is a common
fHNDts9dpJQ-00707-00150536-00150654 theme that i have seen
fHNDts9dpJQ-00708-00150655-00150999 uh for many people is not understanding
fHNDts9dpJQ-00709-00151000-00151207 what impact or what what control they do
fHNDts9dpJQ-00710-00151208-00151463 have ultimately especially with iot
fHNDts9dpJQ-00711-00151464-00151735 and you know smart devices and smart
fHNDts9dpJQ-00712-00151736-00151854 homes
fHNDts9dpJQ-00713-00151855-00152119 knowing what's exactly in place and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00714-00152120-00152199 knowing
fHNDts9dpJQ-00715-00152200-00152590 what access is retained but also
fHNDts9dpJQ-00716-00152591-00152878 when you make that choice that you're
fHNDts9dpJQ-00717-00152879-00152975 leaving
fHNDts9dpJQ-00718-00152976-00153239 that abuser is losing control and they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00719-00153240-00153390 acknowledge that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00720-00153391-00153631 and that's a threat to them if they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00721-00153632-00153807 can't control you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00722-00153808-00154087 you could leave you you could be happy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00723-00154088-00154214 and it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00724-00154215-00154519 it wouldn't require them and that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00725-00154520-00154766 that sense of control is very critical
fHNDts9dpJQ-00726-00154767-00154847 to them
fHNDts9dpJQ-00727-00154848-00155190 and so actually by removing their access
fHNDts9dpJQ-00728-00155191-00155383 you potentially are putting yourself
fHNDts9dpJQ-00729-00155384-00155526 further into danger
fHNDts9dpJQ-00730-00155527-00155943 and escalation so maybe somebody that
fHNDts9dpJQ-00731-00155944-00156126 was verbally violent maybe they'd become
fHNDts9dpJQ-00732-00156127-00156278 physically or maybe somebody that was
fHNDts9dpJQ-00733-00156279-00156390 physically but not
fHNDts9dpJQ-00734-00156391-00156695 to the point where they you know killed
fHNDts9dpJQ-00735-00156696-00156887 you maybe they would become and and so
fHNDts9dpJQ-00736-00156888-00156975 it's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00737-00156976-00157326 making that balanced choice and and each
fHNDts9dpJQ-00738-00157327-00157526 situation is different mind you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00739-00157527-00157766 but making that choice needs to be done
fHNDts9dpJQ-00740-00157767-00157919 in a safe way
fHNDts9dpJQ-00741-00157920-00158183 as well as if you do need to get out of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00742-00158184-00158295 there quickly
fHNDts9dpJQ-00743-00158296-00158631 you need a way of doing it and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00744-00158632-00158951 in some for some organizations
fHNDts9dpJQ-00745-00158952-00159143 depending on where you are like there's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00746-00159144-00159271 many around the world
fHNDts9dpJQ-00747-00159272-00159575 uh they may have a safe place for you to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00748-00159576-00159671 go to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00749-00159672-00160023 um all of our people that we
fHNDts9dpJQ-00750-00160024-00160390 work with um we always say you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00751-00160391-00160671 we recommend leaving the devices behind
fHNDts9dpJQ-00752-00160672-00160759 because there's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00753-00160760-00160951 different things that the abuser could
fHNDts9dpJQ-00754-00160952-00161143 use maybe they could claim you stole
fHNDts9dpJQ-00755-00161144-00161214 their device
fHNDts9dpJQ-00756-00161215-00161439 maybe you could they can still you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00757-00161440-00161519 monitor it
fHNDts9dpJQ-00758-00161520-00161759 and maybe they can track that device so
fHNDts9dpJQ-00759-00161760-00161959 it's actually much safer to just start
fHNDts9dpJQ-00760-00161960-00162007 fresh
fHNDts9dpJQ-00761-00162008-00162271 brand new devices brand new accounts
fHNDts9dpJQ-00762-00162272-00162407 because
fHNDts9dpJQ-00763-00162408-00162702 in off often cases the person doesn't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00764-00162703-00162759 know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00765-00162760-00163135 how ingrained they are it's incredibly
fHNDts9dpJQ-00766-00163136-00163302 scary to think about and of course it's
fHNDts9dpJQ-00767-00163303-00163526 it's not something that you generally do
fHNDts9dpJQ-00768-00163527-00163631 think about until
fHNDts9dpJQ-00769-00163632-00163990 until you have to really oh completely
fHNDts9dpJQ-00770-00163991-00164143 and and i mean i'm not saying i know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00771-00164144-00164311 everything mind you i mean
fHNDts9dpJQ-00772-00164312-00164638 a lot of my things that i consider are
fHNDts9dpJQ-00773-00164639-00164838 because i've been through that situation
fHNDts9dpJQ-00774-00164839-00164999 and therefore i've
fHNDts9dpJQ-00775-00165000-00165247 i've had to consider it as you said um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00776-00165248-00165454 open source intelligence to me
fHNDts9dpJQ-00777-00165455-00165759 was very interesting because
fHNDts9dpJQ-00778-00165760-00165919 i had it used against me before i even
fHNDts9dpJQ-00779-00165920-00166063 knew the time
fHNDts9dpJQ-00780-00166064-00166375 and um and so i i try to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00781-00166376-00166543 consider all of those different things
fHNDts9dpJQ-00782-00166544-00166719 but there are situations that i haven't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00783-00166720-00166823 considered
fHNDts9dpJQ-00784-00166824-00167190 and so i can't blame you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00785-00167191-00167519 a developer or a company
fHNDts9dpJQ-00786-00167520-00167766 a team of developers that maybe didn't
fHNDts9dpJQ-00787-00167767-00167919 consider that threat map
fHNDts9dpJQ-00788-00167920-00168207 but what i can do is i can say well if
fHNDts9dpJQ-00789-00168208-00168423 you're going to create this solution
fHNDts9dpJQ-00790-00168424-00168726 you do need to include a diverse team
fHNDts9dpJQ-00791-00168727-00169087 so that these situations are considered
fHNDts9dpJQ-00792-00169088-00169319 or you make it clear that there is a
fHNDts9dpJQ-00793-00169320-00169535 risk to the user
fHNDts9dpJQ-00794-00169536-00169735 in case that they have to be in you know
fHNDts9dpJQ-00795-00169736-00169951 they find themselves in those
fHNDts9dpJQ-00796-00169952-00170295 very horrible situations and um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00797-00170296-00170511 and so i think there is the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00798-00170512-00170775 responsibility of the everyday user to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00799-00170776-00170999 protect themselves take that control for
fHNDts9dpJQ-00800-00171000-00171254 sure but there's also the responsibility
fHNDts9dpJQ-00801-00171255-00171551 of the manufacturers of the producers of
fHNDts9dpJQ-00802-00171552-00171623 of the people
fHNDts9dpJQ-00803-00171624-00171966 developing these solutions to consider
fHNDts9dpJQ-00804-00171967-00172302 who they're who they're marketing to and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00805-00172303-00172487 what that means for their own privacy
fHNDts9dpJQ-00806-00172488-00172663 and their own safety
fHNDts9dpJQ-00807-00172664-00172799 so we tell us again the name of the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00808-00172800-00172990 organization that you for which you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00809-00172991-00173159 volunteer that can help people if they
fHNDts9dpJQ-00810-00173160-00173326 have questions
fHNDts9dpJQ-00811-00173327-00173654 operation safe escape excellent
fHNDts9dpJQ-00812-00173655-00173775 i think unfortunately we could keep
fHNDts9dpJQ-00813-00173776-00173919 talking i think we actually skipped over
fHNDts9dpJQ-00814-00173920-00174111 a lot of potentially interesting
fHNDts9dpJQ-00815-00174112-00174278 details that you could dive into but we
fHNDts9dpJQ-00816-00174279-00174454 covered a lot of topics as well
fHNDts9dpJQ-00817-00174455-00174599 and i think we're out of time at this
fHNDts9dpJQ-00818-00174600-00174790 point so uh zoe rose i want to thank you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00819-00174791-00174919 so much for spending time with us
fHNDts9dpJQ-00820-00174920-00175151 it was an interesting conversation um
fHNDts9dpJQ-00821-00175152-00175326 thank you for joining us
fHNDts9dpJQ-00822-00175327-00175543 lovely thank you for having me and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00823-00175544-00175647 hopefully
fHNDts9dpJQ-00824-00175648-00175823 if anybody does have any questions or
fHNDts9dpJQ-00825-00175824-00175951 wants to learn more
fHNDts9dpJQ-00826-00175952-00176111 they could feel free to reach out to me
fHNDts9dpJQ-00827-00176112-00176254 on social media
fHNDts9dpJQ-00828-00176255-00176654 or um actually for tripwire i've written
fHNDts9dpJQ-00829-00176655-00176678 an
fHNDts9dpJQ-00830-00176679-00177038 article um about um taking back control
fHNDts9dpJQ-00831-00177039-00177207 so there are there are resources out
fHNDts9dpJQ-00832-00177208-00177399 there if they need them
fHNDts9dpJQ-00833-00177400-00177519 thank you so much and for everyone
fHNDts9dpJQ-00834-00177520-00177663 listening i hope it was interesting and
fHNDts9dpJQ-00835-00177664-00177863 enjoyable and we'll look forward to you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00836-00177864-00178007 joining us for the next
fHNDts9dpJQ-00837-00178008-00178166 episode of the tripwire cyber security
fHNDts9dpJQ-00838-00178167-00178559 podcast thank you
fHNDts9dpJQ-00839-00178560-00178759 you have been listening to the tripwire
fHNDts9dpJQ-00840-00178760-00178943 cyber security podcast
fHNDts9dpJQ-00841-00178944-00179183 join us next time as we explore stories
fHNDts9dpJQ-00842-00179184-00179359 of people protecting people
fHNDts9dpJQ-00843-00179360-00179551 and techniques and best practices to
fHNDts9dpJQ-00844-00179552-00179831 harden your defenses against hackers
fHNDts9dpJQ-00845-00179832-00179983 we'll talk to you next time on the
fHNDts9dpJQ-00846-00179984-00182078 tripwire cyber security podcast
fHNDts9dpJQ-00847-00182079-00182288 you
fNyw-is8T6Y-00000-00000038-00000052 [Music]
fNyw-is8T6Y-00001-00000053-00000361 chuckle Kimba guruji conifer milky tree
fNyw-is8T6Y-00002-00000362-00000572 shrub Takagi's it approaches and that's
fNyw-is8T6Y-00003-00000573-00000815 a go condo heartshe be showing on
fNyw-is8T6Y-00004-00000816-00001043 skeleton Okubo a me and CF nishang is a
fNyw-is8T6Y-00005-00001044-00001319 Quattro nee-sama net of yours apneic on
fNyw-is8T6Y-00006-00001320-00001549 us in bond o acre farm ashati App Engine
fNyw-is8T6Y-00007-00001550-00001705 no 2 no taken definitely channel the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00008-00001707-00001862 subscription with Apache attack been
fNyw-is8T6Y-00009-00001863-00002096 knitting a to receive Ashok put the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00010-00002097-00002339 burden Betty so we are sure to learn
fNyw-is8T6Y-00011-00002340-00002597 more we show is a iconic Raja Gosnell
fNyw-is8T6Y-00012-00002598-00002807 dictum a chain attached a Sega's data
fNyw-is8T6Y-00013-00002808-00003104 collagen are to show a bomb protein from
fNyw-is8T6Y-00014-00003105-00003413 meat Oh our protein tiger Karuna Kosta
fNyw-is8T6Y-00015-00003414-00003599 put to hide securely about chocolate
fNyw-is8T6Y-00016-00003600-00003815 Hill to onyx loose tooth again from the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00017-00003815-00003847 tacky
fNyw-is8T6Y-00018-00003848-00004319 Savile Dominic bolo I enterprise 85
fNyw-is8T6Y-00019-00004320-00004556 percent protein psychic Astra August
fNyw-is8T6Y-00020-00004557-00004795 episode a barbed wire cutters I put in
fNyw-is8T6Y-00021-00004796-00005077 my sake but Cody Martin a shot was open
fNyw-is8T6Y-00022-00005078-00005431 to continue I take a cigar cool
fNyw-is8T6Y-00023-00005432-00005620 addiction equal Umbra sub technically
fNyw-is8T6Y-00024-00005621-00005809 kita see a connection oh look who she
fNyw-is8T6Y-00025-00005810-00005968 will get second are at such a cool artsy
fNyw-is8T6Y-00026-00005969-00006227 circular dome Kochi I said the one core
fNyw-is8T6Y-00027-00006228-00006442 aporia bottomless octave open interval
fNyw-is8T6Y-00028-00006443-00006685 Thalia Berg has her motto
fNyw-is8T6Y-00029-00006686-00007117 Wade away from another shook up Raja
fNyw-is8T6Y-00030-00007118-00007316 confirm could be no I like egg
fNyw-is8T6Y-00031-00007317-00007637 did Masai get Malagasy it just uh Corbin
fNyw-is8T6Y-00032-00007638-00007810 last us coldly up not the general should
fNyw-is8T6Y-00033-00007811-00008087 be - Rob take AB not there and should be
fNyw-is8T6Y-00034-00008088-00008288 the value of a car on gas does not cool
fNyw-is8T6Y-00035-00008289-00008483 app now let's haggle : Bakura couldn't a
fNyw-is8T6Y-00036-00008484-00008717 flag Hagen key a shaman to the should be
fNyw-is8T6Y-00037-00008718-00008921 special empanada - I will look at
fNyw-is8T6Y-00038-00008922-00009149 Ziggler play a pattern - gasps - Corbin
fNyw-is8T6Y-00039-00009150-00009344 coordinator for London put you followed
fNyw-is8T6Y-00040-00009345-00009569 Moncayo poacher or something about a
fNyw-is8T6Y-00041-00009570-00009746 cottage a seat a gourmet shop from me a
fNyw-is8T6Y-00042-00009747-00009998 key show everybody when it gosh I said
fNyw-is8T6Y-00043-00009999-00010235 the only pls a package I wanna say but
fNyw-is8T6Y-00044-00010236-00010409 the one not too long ago even if we're
fNyw-is8T6Y-00045-00010410-00010637 to take a better but NEPA that is the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00046-00010638-00010942 citizen way totally body comb Tommy
fNyw-is8T6Y-00047-00010943-00011113 suggests go back neural pattern to cast
fNyw-is8T6Y-00048-00011114-00011330 us as call it you got a dictator back or
fNyw-is8T6Y-00049-00011331-00011728 the front door followed wrong it had do
fNyw-is8T6Y-00050-00011729-00011863 you work at a velocity the colonel and
fNyw-is8T6Y-00051-00011864-00012044 good luck we should be ready our guard
fNyw-is8T6Y-00052-00012045-00012251 up addictive autonomy hug deal artists
fNyw-is8T6Y-00053-00012252-00012313 Acosta
fNyw-is8T6Y-00054-00012314-00012737 take the shot norm Colusa gosh who
fNyw-is8T6Y-00055-00012738-00012938 should have a I put suck hard you know
fNyw-is8T6Y-00056-00012938-00013154 guy serum that's how we'll discuss the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00057-00013155-00013313 ballot I can put you worried - us too
fNyw-is8T6Y-00058-00013313-00013372 volatile
fNyw-is8T6Y-00059-00013374-00013832 Sahil di so up not a caster just
fNyw-is8T6Y-00060-00013833-00013985 couldn't all applaud I know that I put
fNyw-is8T6Y-00061-00013986-00014474 him on come let me take a stab nom do if
fNyw-is8T6Y-00062-00014475-00014696 it by the feet just could win psychology
fNyw-is8T6Y-00063-00014697-00015043 no Gorge Anoka Mladic - drew - Corbin a
fNyw-is8T6Y-00064-00015044-00015251 predictor but Sonam like Eva beside
fNyw-is8T6Y-00065-00015252-00015503 about the veritas quality that not every
fNyw-is8T6Y-00066-00015504-00015691 task ordinary that just a new mommy
fNyw-is8T6Y-00067-00015693-00015926 particularly showed you up landed like a
fNyw-is8T6Y-00068-00015927-00016160 decade see Mr Bond regrow I'm going to
fNyw-is8T6Y-00069-00016161-00016508 for me to link did Wepner I don't click
fNyw-is8T6Y-00070-00016509-00016802 call it a casual so someone to the shock
fNyw-is8T6Y-00071-00016803-00017081 know I can addictive as any Tamra 45
fNyw-is8T6Y-00072-00017082-00017249 Bingley like it yep not over with just
fNyw-is8T6Y-00073-00017250-00017303 Corbin
fNyw-is8T6Y-00074-00017304-00017591 I think what about cutting I'm Russell
fNyw-is8T6Y-00075-00017592-00017789 Crowe Alabama the CMAs applaud us at the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00076-00017790-00017996 big decoder CF nominated skin attacker
fNyw-is8T6Y-00077-00017997-00018146 numbers over two kilometers from the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00078-00018147-00018260 room could you serve somebody may have
fNyw-is8T6Y-00079-00018261-00018584 not they take any potato to deploy no
fNyw-is8T6Y-00080-00018585-00018769 idea what you cracked apart in a Tangra
fNyw-is8T6Y-00081-00018770-00019043 who decide what the mushara Bangladeshi
fNyw-is8T6Y-00082-00019044-00019352 portable memory India to Versailles the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00083-00019353-00019490 India where does a definitely a
fNyw-is8T6Y-00084-00019491-00019724 correlation I haven't decided over to
fNyw-is8T6Y-00085-00019725-00020066 Brock to put it nobody more she he moved
fNyw-is8T6Y-00086-00020067-00020210 up not have not that did they deliver
fNyw-is8T6Y-00087-00020211-00020536 now another taken apart a dopamine daily
fNyw-is8T6Y-00088-00020537-00020780 they cast addictive but since a mental
fNyw-is8T6Y-00089-00020781-00021071 hospital fallen among coyopa to August
fNyw-is8T6Y-00090-00021072-00021314 addictive on ik moduli J like no
fNyw-is8T6Y-00091-00021315-00021713 Sherwood swagger as Augusta economy upon
fNyw-is8T6Y-00092-00021714-00021854 this I discovered the empanada gas
fNyw-is8T6Y-00093-00021855-00022163 status karoon up not the comet I start
fNyw-is8T6Y-00094-00022164-00022640 column a donor - dude the up notice Cote
fNyw-is8T6Y-00095-00022641-00022787 d'Ivoire and develop not their comedy
fNyw-is8T6Y-00096-00022788-00023120 labove insula come at besides I will be
fNyw-is8T6Y-00097-00023121-00023468 so a guru besides Aquino farm we say it
fNyw-is8T6Y-00098-00023469-00023648 happened at general thanks gonna be
fNyw-is8T6Y-00099-00023649-00023825 shuttle also I am a departure from
fNyw-is8T6Y-00100-00023826-00024020 original beam but the general knows
fNyw-is8T6Y-00101-00024021-00024302 Chester Gerber cement of your Shah the
fNyw-is8T6Y-00102-00024303-00024617 table which I has been say mrs. Craig
fNyw-is8T6Y-00103-00024618-00024821 has it has to be so did economists
fNyw-is8T6Y-00104-00024822-00025256 across a gentleman he Gaston extra
fNyw-is8T6Y-00105-00025257-00025523 shadow among push the sample Nagas
fNyw-is8T6Y-00106-00025524-00025757 you Karina member sazkebab Narita just
fNyw-is8T6Y-00107-00025758-00025955 Corbin Molotov in our general does
fNyw-is8T6Y-00108-00025956-00026237 subscript parameter
fNOxhHPBt_A-00000-00000027-00000097 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00001-00000099-00000321 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00002-00000322-00000353 [Laughter]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00003-00000354-00002271 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00004-00002272-00002994 [Laughter]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00007-00010836-00011820 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00008-00011821-00012049 [Applause]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00011-00020609-00021923 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00012-00021924-00022484 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00014-00027438-00028930 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00015-00028931-00030936 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00016-00030937-00032154 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00017-00032155-00032577 [Applause]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00018-00032577-00034654 [Music]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00019-00034655-00035323 [Applause]
fNOxhHPBt_A-00020-00035324-00035530 you
fpoQMhb3gPI-00000-00000158-00001507 follow
fpoQMhb3gPI-00001-00001508-00001913 you
fpoQMhb3gPI-00002-00001914-00002207 hey guys I'm trying different camera
fpoQMhb3gPI-00003-00002208-00002465 angles in all my videos just to see
fpoQMhb3gPI-00004-00002466-00002708 which one looks the best so today we're
fpoQMhb3gPI-00005-00002709-00002870 going to be recording from the corner my
fpoQMhb3gPI-00006-00002871-00002999 ring you can see my bed and everything
fpoQMhb3gPI-00007-00003000-00003242 in back behind me and also wearing my
fpoQMhb3gPI-00008-00003243-00003515 naruto and sasuke t-shirt that my one of
fpoQMhb3gPI-00009-00003515-00003817 my good friends gave me i'm also eating
fpoQMhb3gPI-00010-00003818-00004196 horny he d Japanese Tahiti these are
fpoQMhb3gPI-00011-00004197-00004385 rice balls wrapped in seaweed and
fpoQMhb3gPI-00012-00004386-00004559 there's typically an extra ingredient
fpoQMhb3gPI-00013-00004560-00004967 maybe like tuna or salmon salad I don't
fpoQMhb3gPI-00014-00004968-00005084 know if I've had all the same it but
fpoQMhb3gPI-00015-00005085-00005243 some kind of fish or some kind of meat
fpoQMhb3gPI-00016-00005244-00005588 on the inside and I'm starving so I'm
fpoQMhb3gPI-00017-00005589-00005854 going to eat to these bad boys with some
fpoQMhb3gPI-00018-00005855-00006167 awesome milk in the apple juice i bought
fpoQMhb3gPI-00019-00006168-00006680 apple juice to lock with glub hmm so
fpoQMhb3gPI-00020-00006681-00006980 today I wanted to talk about showering
fpoQMhb3gPI-00021-00006981-00007304 in Japan as most of you probably already
fpoQMhb3gPI-00022-00007305-00007756 know Japan is very much a bath country
fpoQMhb3gPI-00023-00007758-00008201 everyone takes bats bats bats so
fpoQMhb3gPI-00024-00008202-00008485 showering isn't really common here
fpoQMhb3gPI-00025-00008486-00008803 despite Japan or Japanese people only
fpoQMhb3gPI-00026-00008804-00009156 taking baths they're really clean and
fpoQMhb3gPI-00027-00009157-00009542 hygienic and it gets it gets the job
fpoQMhb3gPI-00028-00009543-00009706 done that's the important part
fpoQMhb3gPI-00029-00009707-00010039 thankfully in the international student
fpoQMhb3gPI-00030-00010040-00010421 dorm that I'm in they realize that you
fpoQMhb3gPI-00031-00010422-00010676 know we're all not Japanese and
fpoQMhb3gPI-00032-00010677-00011033 therefore we're not used to public baths
fpoQMhb3gPI-00033-00011034-00011444 or public showers were probably fast I
fpoQMhb3gPI-00034-00011445-00011678 guess I don't know so thankfully what
fpoQMhb3gPI-00035-00011679-00012017 they did was they provided a dorm
fpoQMhb3gPI-00036-00012018-00012289 showers for us and then I'm going to be
fpoQMhb3gPI-00037-00012290-00012563 playing a video that as I talk but you
fpoQMhb3gPI-00038-00012564-00012772 know it's right down the hall from
fpoQMhb3gPI-00039-00012773-00013018 room there's two of them you know
fpoQMhb3gPI-00040-00013019-00013213 there's a light as a fan in there and
fpoQMhb3gPI-00041-00013213-00013381 they gave us strict instructions of
fpoQMhb3gPI-00042-00013382-00013561 keeping the door open and the fan on at
fpoQMhb3gPI-00043-00013562-00013726 all times I think that kind of waste
fpoQMhb3gPI-00044-00013727-00013909 electricity but I can see why they would
fpoQMhb3gPI-00045-00013910-00014647 you know want that in a shower so the
fpoQMhb3gPI-00046-00014647-00014911 Japanese showers that we use are
fpoQMhb3gPI-00047-00014912-00015151 relatively easy to use very intuitive
fpoQMhb3gPI-00048-00015152-00015352 not hard at all and I think this is the
fpoQMhb3gPI-00049-00015353-00015607 case with most modern universities here
fpoQMhb3gPI-00050-00015608-00015916 in Japan I know actually I friends in a
fpoQMhb3gPI-00051-00015916-00016132 university in tokyo it's an
fpoQMhb3gPI-00052-00016133-00016338 international university but they still
fpoQMhb3gPI-00053-00016340-00016918 have like public showers that they use
fpoQMhb3gPI-00054-00016919-00017095 for the international students as well
fpoQMhb3gPI-00055-00017096-00017434 as I think the the dorm just seems to me
fpoQMhb3gPI-00056-00017435-00017743 in the dorm there but anyways I lucked
fpoQMhb3gPI-00057-00017744-00017962 out thankfully my university had nice
fpoQMhb3gPI-00058-00017963-00018343 modern showers that were super easy to
fpoQMhb3gPI-00059-00018344-00018925 use really nice one thing that I did not
fpoQMhb3gPI-00060-00018926-00019264 bring and they don't provide to you is
fpoQMhb3gPI-00061-00019265-00019462 shampoo and conditioner now finding
fpoQMhb3gPI-00062-00019463-00019633 shampoo conditioner in Japan is
fpoQMhb3gPI-00063-00019634-00019855 relatively easy of course it's going to
fpoQMhb3gPI-00064-00019856-00020236 be a Japanese brand I actually have my
fpoQMhb3gPI-00065-00020237-00020422 shampoo conditioner here with me to show
fpoQMhb3gPI-00066-00020423-00020794 you guys so I didn't really know well it
fpoQMhb3gPI-00067-00020795-00020968 was good or popular in Japan so i just
fpoQMhb3gPI-00068-00020969-00021282 bought the first thing i saw off the
fpoQMhb3gPI-00069-00021283-00021739 shelf this is a thought for merit in
fpoQMhb3gPI-00070-00021740-00022117 english it is the shampoo as you can see
fpoQMhb3gPI-00071-00022118-00022387 here shampoo on the bottom i love how
fpoQMhb3gPI-00072-00022388-00022569 japanese advertised because they used
fpoQMhb3gPI-00073-00022570-00022924 automotive paint or onomatopoeia
fpoQMhb3gPI-00074-00022925-00023263 some people call my medics it says
fpoQMhb3gPI-00075-00023264-00023572 skitty skitty I don't actually know the
fpoQMhb3gPI-00076-00023573-00023716 meaning of it but I'm gonna look it up
fpoQMhb3gPI-00077-00023717-00023938 later and probably put it on the street
fpoQMhb3gPI-00078-00023939-00024310 right yeah japanese love magnetics or
fpoQMhb3gPI-00079-00024311-00024466 onomatopoeia when it comes to
fpoQMhb3gPI-00080-00024467-00024691 advertising because it's a short word
fpoQMhb3gPI-00081-00024692-00024880 that convey so much meaning in feeling
fpoQMhb3gPI-00082-00024881-00025138 that all the Japanese can identify with
fpoQMhb3gPI-00083-00025139-00025504 I found the shampoo okay it was easy to
fpoQMhb3gPI-00084-00025505-00025953 find and right next to it was a similar
fpoQMhb3gPI-00085-00025954-00026389 bottle of rinse I didn't really know
fpoQMhb3gPI-00086-00026389-00026752 what that was um I assumed it meant
fpoQMhb3gPI-00087-00026752-00027088 conditioner this was right next to it
fpoQMhb3gPI-00088-00027089-00027397 and it looks exactly almost exactly the
fpoQMhb3gPI-00089-00027398-00027690 same and once I shampoo so I assume the
fpoQMhb3gPI-00090-00027691-00027994 other was conditioner needs I come to
fpoQMhb3gPI-00091-00027995-00028312 find out yes needs can mean conditioner
fpoQMhb3gPI-00092-00028313-00028531 they also have Kenisha nah I think I've
fpoQMhb3gPI-00093-00028532-00028858 seen that in the department store where
fpoQMhb3gPI-00094-00028858-00029190 I usually go shopping so if you see
fpoQMhb3gPI-00095-00029191-00029512 needs in the department store it is
fpoQMhb3gPI-00096-00029513-00029752 conditioner you know in English it's
fpoQMhb3gPI-00097-00029752-00030001 like our rings it it does the same thing
fpoQMhb3gPI-00098-00030002-00030258 this conditioner so and this form the
fpoQMhb3gPI-00099-00030260-00030469 automatic pay where my medic gets a las
fpoQMhb3gPI-00100-00030470-00030976 navas again definition on screen so
fpoQMhb3gPI-00101-00030977-00031120 that's a little bit about showering in
fpoQMhb3gPI-00102-00031120-00031363 the dorms here in Japan and what
fpoQMhb3gPI-00103-00031364-00031608 products to buy in to use everyone
fpoQMhb3gPI-00104-00031610-00031895 thanks for watching like subscribe share
fpoQMhb3gPI-00105-00031897-00032182 do whatever help my channel grow I hate
fpoQMhb3gPI-00106-00032183-00032602 all cuz I'm us hi guys
fOugR_voMtg-00000-00000552-00000854 it is still largely unknown just how
fOugR_voMtg-00001-00000855-00001103 colossal the great city of ur could have
fOugR_voMtg-00002-00001104-00001239 once been
fOugR_voMtg-00003-00001240-00001462 er once the most important sumerian
fOugR_voMtg-00004-00001463-00001726 city-state in ancient mesopotamia around
fOugR_voMtg-00005-00001727-00002007 3rd millennium bc is where the remains
fOugR_voMtg-00006-00002007-00002255 of the great ziggurat lay and just as
fOugR_voMtg-00007-00002256-00002447 with the ancient city only the
fOugR_voMtg-00008-00002448-00002663 foundations of this once enormous
fOugR_voMtg-00009-00002664-00002966 pyramid still exist today just how big
fOugR_voMtg-00010-00002967-00003215 this pyramid once was is now left to the
fOugR_voMtg-00011-00003215-00003495 imagination although one could calculate
fOugR_voMtg-00012-00003496-00003751 the structure's original possible size
fOugR_voMtg-00013-00003752-00004006 based on the ascent angle of many other
fOugR_voMtg-00014-00004007-00004206 ancient pyramidal structures from around
fOugR_voMtg-00015-00004207-00004511 the world a range between 48 to 53
fOugR_voMtg-00016-00004512-00004743 degrees would be a very safe benchmark
fOugR_voMtg-00017-00004744-00004967 to use which would have made this once
fOugR_voMtg-00018-00004968-00005199 complete structure located on the daikar
fOugR_voMtg-00019-00005200-00005495 province in south iraq an awe-inspiring
fOugR_voMtg-00020-00005496-00005718 site at what must be the most
fOugR_voMtg-00021-00005719-00005911 interesting of details regarding this
fOugR_voMtg-00022-00005912-00006167 very ancient structure characteristics
fOugR_voMtg-00023-00006168-00006391 of which make this building stand out as
fOugR_voMtg-00024-00006392-00006606 obviously a very important piece of the
fOugR_voMtg-00025-00006608-00006863 puzzle regarding the pyramids has to
fOugR_voMtg-00026-00006864-00007110 undoubtedly be the living quarters which
fOugR_voMtg-00027-00007111-00007359 were actually built into the pyramid for
fOugR_voMtg-00028-00007359-00007687 the use of an ancient alien a god who
fOugR_voMtg-00029-00007688-00007967 apparently came from the sky
fOugR_voMtg-00030-00007968-00008207 before delving into the details of which
fOugR_voMtg-00031-00008208-00008439 i feel it is important to point out our
fOugR_voMtg-00032-00008440-00008678 previous video covering mario bildrip's
fOugR_voMtg-00033-00008679-00008927 compelling work collaborative data which
fOugR_voMtg-00034-00008928-00009183 correlates over 500 ancient structures
fOugR_voMtg-00035-00009184-00009399 on earth to pass cardinal reference
fOugR_voMtg-00036-00009400-00009663 points or north pole locations from over
fOugR_voMtg-00037-00009664-00009942 half a million years ago interestingly
fOugR_voMtg-00038-00009943-00010183 he singles out the great ziggurat among
fOugR_voMtg-00039-00010184-00010478 others in particular the sphinx as
fOugR_voMtg-00040-00010479-00010695 noticeably the most ancient of monuments
fOugR_voMtg-00041-00010696-00010919 that he has correlated on earth
fOugR_voMtg-00042-00010920-00011159 if his work becomes peer-reviewed it
fOugR_voMtg-00043-00011160-00011399 would along with numerous other research
fOugR_voMtg-00044-00011400-00011646 projects strongly suggest certain
fOugR_voMtg-00045-00011647-00011887 monuments on earth have survived several
fOugR_voMtg-00046-00011888-00012191 ice ages the city of ur's pyramid being
fOugR_voMtg-00047-00012192-00012423 but one of these ancient sites
fOugR_voMtg-00048-00012424-00012663 regardless of mario's compelling work
fOugR_voMtg-00049-00012664-00012855 historical facts surrounding this
fOugR_voMtg-00050-00012856-00013102 ancient alien god who is said to have
fOugR_voMtg-00051-00013103-00013327 resided within this great pyramid within
fOugR_voMtg-00052-00013328-00013583 iraq has already been translated and
fOugR_voMtg-00053-00013584-00013927 thus well established on many occasions
fOugR_voMtg-00054-00013928-00014111 the great ziggurat consists of
fOugR_voMtg-00055-00014112-00014351 successive platforms which have a solid
fOugR_voMtg-00056-00014352-00014583 core of mudbrick which is then covered
fOugR_voMtg-00057-00014584-00014743 by burnt bricks
fOugR_voMtg-00058-00014744-00014911 this outer layer is said to have
fOugR_voMtg-00059-00014912-00015166 protected the core from the elements the
fOugR_voMtg-00060-00015168-00015407 mainstream archaeological and historical
fOugR_voMtg-00061-00015408-00015615 understanding of the construction is
fOugR_voMtg-00062-00015616-00015911 that it began under king ur namu of the
fOugR_voMtg-00063-00015912-00016199 third dynasty of ur around the 21st
fOugR_voMtg-00064-00016200-00016543 century bc and was completed by his son
fOugR_voMtg-00065-00016544-00016703 king shulgi
fOugR_voMtg-00066-00016704-00016935 the great ziggurat of ur was located in
fOugR_voMtg-00067-00016936-00017158 the temple complex of the city-state
fOugR_voMtg-00068-00017159-00017430 which was the administrative heart of ur
fOugR_voMtg-00069-00017431-00017639 although we would postulate just like
fOugR_voMtg-00070-00017640-00017863 the ancient egyptian cities which also
fOugR_voMtg-00071-00017864-00018039 build up around these monumental and
fOugR_voMtg-00072-00018040-00018327 mysterious structures were merely modern
fOugR_voMtg-00073-00018328-00018583 colonizations of sites which were far
fOugR_voMtg-00074-00018584-00018694 older
fOugR_voMtg-00075-00018695-00018935 it is a well-known fact that many cities
fOugR_voMtg-00076-00018936-00019239 towns villages and indeed temples are
fOugR_voMtg-00077-00019240-00019391 often rebuilt
fOugR_voMtg-00078-00019392-00019583 reconstructed upon much older
fOugR_voMtg-00079-00019584-00019822 foundations it is a common mistake to
fOugR_voMtg-00080-00019823-00020039 perceive a historical understandings
fOugR_voMtg-00081-00020040-00020239 beginning which occurred at a certain
fOugR_voMtg-00082-00020240-00020463 point within history as that of the
fOugR_voMtg-00083-00020464-00020743 site's creation many sites all over the
fOugR_voMtg-00084-00020744-00020999 world are far older than that of the
fOugR_voMtg-00085-00021000-00021311 academic records made upon said subjects
fOugR_voMtg-00086-00021312-00021550 the great ziggurat of ur is largely
fOugR_voMtg-00087-00021551-00021775 accepted as having been dedicated to the
fOugR_voMtg-00088-00021776-00022071 moon god nana who is the patron deity of
fOugR_voMtg-00089-00022072-00022175 the city
fOugR_voMtg-00090-00022176-00022399 it is interesting that nana is a very
fOugR_voMtg-00091-00022400-00022703 ancient deity indeed and of course in
fOugR_voMtg-00092-00022704-00022958 all possibility was once a very real
fOugR_voMtg-00093-00022959-00023230 entity an ancient alien who visited
fOugR_voMtg-00094-00023231-00023478 earth and attributed as a god
fOugR_voMtg-00095-00023479-00023727 it is likely that this occurred at night
fOugR_voMtg-00096-00023728-00024078 thus making him or her a moon god
fOugR_voMtg-00097-00024079-00024311 why for example would you create a
fOugR_voMtg-00098-00024312-00024494 monumentally sized building in the
fOugR_voMtg-00099-00024495-00024758 dedication of this god with a throne
fOugR_voMtg-00100-00024759-00024999 which rested upon the top overlooking
fOugR_voMtg-00101-00025000-00025207 the city why would one feel the
fOugR_voMtg-00102-00025208-00025399 requirement to build living quarters
fOugR_voMtg-00103-00025400-00025646 into the temple a bed chamber complete
fOugR_voMtg-00104-00025647-00025790 with furnishing
fOugR_voMtg-00105-00025791-00025974 why would one completely build the
fOugR_voMtg-00106-00025975-00026183 structure around the living need of an
fOugR_voMtg-00107-00026183-00026455 imaginary giant if one was never
fOugR_voMtg-00108-00026456-00026662 intending on using it
fOugR_voMtg-00109-00026663-00026855 nana has turned up in mythology from
fOugR_voMtg-00110-00026856-00027039 cultures throughout the world over the
fOugR_voMtg-00111-00027039-00027302 ages and this of course may have been
fOugR_voMtg-00112-00027304-00027551 for good reason she also appears in
fOugR_voMtg-00113-00027552-00027839 norse mythology in the 6th century thus
fOugR_voMtg-00114-00027839-00028039 having been connected by some scholars
fOugR_voMtg-00115-00028039-00028287 with the sumerian goddess inanna the
fOugR_voMtg-00116-00028288-00028518 goddess babylonian ishtar or the
fOugR_voMtg-00117-00028519-00028774 phrygian goddess nana mother of the god
fOugR_voMtg-00118-00028775-00028879 attus
fOugR_voMtg-00119-00028880-00029127 scholar rudolph simek opines that
fOugR_voMtg-00120-00029127-00029495 identification with inanna nana or nana
fOugR_voMtg-00121-00029495-00029727 is hardly likely due to the large
fOugR_voMtg-00122-00029727-00029967 distances in time and location between
fOugR_voMtg-00123-00029968-00030087 the figures
fOugR_voMtg-00124-00030088-00030374 yet alas this form of conclusion based
fOugR_voMtg-00125-00030375-00030623 on academic paradigm rather than a sheer
fOugR_voMtg-00126-00030624-00030902 possibility is a very dangerous mindset
fOugR_voMtg-00127-00030903-00031255 indeed scholar hilda ellis davidson says
fOugR_voMtg-00128-00031256-00031470 that while the idea of a link with
fOugR_voMtg-00129-00031472-00031758 sumerian inanna lady of heaven was
fOugR_voMtg-00130-00031760-00032023 attractive to early scholars the notion
fOugR_voMtg-00131-00032024-00032318 seems unlikely though she too lacks a
fOugR_voMtg-00132-00032319-00032551 compelling argument for her conclusion
fOugR_voMtg-00133-00032552-00032846 we find the notion of scholars assuming
fOugR_voMtg-00134-00032847-00033055 to be a dangerous scenario for the rest
fOugR_voMtg-00135-00033056-00033279 of humanity and we perceive such
fOugR_voMtg-00136-00033280-00033574 attitude as an attack on open critical
fOugR_voMtg-00137-00033575-00033846 thought we do however find the facts
fOugR_voMtg-00138-00033847-00034055 surrounding the possible past existence
fOugR_voMtg-00139-00034056-00034239 of nana along with the theory
fOugR_voMtg-00140-00034240-00034446 surrounding the true antiquity of this
fOugR_voMtg-00141-00034447-00034711 one enormous structure to be highly
fOugR_voMtg-00142-00034712-00034895 compelling
fOugR_voMtg-00143-00034896-00035087 many attributed the legend surrounding
fOugR_voMtg-00144-00035088-00035302 the great king of uruk and many of the
fOugR_voMtg-00145-00035303-00035599 city's written attributes to mythology
fOugR_voMtg-00146-00035600-00035830 uruk is said to have become famous as
fOugR_voMtg-00147-00035831-00036111 the capital city of the king gilgamesh
fOugR_voMtg-00148-00036112-00036343 the ancient ruler and hero of the epic
fOugR_voMtg-00149-00036344-00036615 of gilgamesh it is believed that uruk
fOugR_voMtg-00150-00036616-00036943 was the biblical eric from genesis 10 10
fOugR_voMtg-00151-00036944-00037159 the second city founded by nimrod in
fOugR_voMtg-00152-00037160-00037495 china the epic of gilgamesh written by a
fOugR_voMtg-00153-00037496-00037774 middle eastern scholar 2500 years before
fOugR_voMtg-00154-00037775-00037999 the birth of christ commemorates the
fOugR_voMtg-00155-00038000-00038246 life of the ruler of the city of uruk
fOugR_voMtg-00156-00038247-00038527 from which iraq gets its name
fOugR_voMtg-00157-00038528-00038846 in 2003 just prior to the iraq invasion
fOugR_voMtg-00158-00038847-00039079 which toppled hussein astonishing
fOugR_voMtg-00159-00039080-00039311 discoveries were being made in iraq
fOugR_voMtg-00160-00039312-00039455 culminating in one of the most
fOugR_voMtg-00161-00039456-00039646 extraordinary claims anywhere for
fOugR_voMtg-00162-00039647-00039927 centuries a claim which american forces
fOugR_voMtg-00163-00039928-00040079 have been strongly accused of
fOugR_voMtg-00164-00040080-00040327 confiscating subsequently becoming the
fOugR_voMtg-00165-00040328-00040543 prime suspect as the driving force
fOugR_voMtg-00166-00040544-00040783 behind a complete suppression of these
fOugR_voMtg-00167-00040784-00040967 astonishing discoveries within the
fOugR_voMtg-00168-00040968-00041095 country
fOugR_voMtg-00169-00041096-00041455 in april of 2003 jorg fosbinder of the
fOugR_voMtg-00170-00041456-00041630 bavarian department of historical
fOugR_voMtg-00171-00041631-00041918 monuments in munich told the bbc's world
fOugR_voMtg-00172-00041919-00042151 services science and action program
fOugR_voMtg-00173-00042152-00042246 quote
fOugR_voMtg-00174-00042247-00042455 i don't want to say definitively that it
fOugR_voMtg-00175-00042456-00042702 was the grave of king gilgamesh but it
fOugR_voMtg-00176-00042703-00042902 looks very similar to that described in
fOugR_voMtg-00177-00042903-00043023 the epic
fOugR_voMtg-00178-00043024-00043295 we found just outside the city an area
fOugR_voMtg-00179-00043296-00043487 in the middle of the former euphrates
fOugR_voMtg-00180-00043488-00043711 river the remains of such a building
fOugR_voMtg-00181-00043712-00043943 which could be interpreted as a burial
fOugR_voMtg-00182-00043944-00044151 mr fossbinder said
fOugR_voMtg-00183-00044152-00044390 in the book gilgamesh is described as
fOugR_voMtg-00184-00044391-00044655 having been buried under the euphrates
fOugR_voMtg-00185-00044656-00044846 he said the amazing discovery of the
fOugR_voMtg-00186-00044847-00045095 ancient city under the iraqi desert had
fOugR_voMtg-00187-00045096-00045390 been made possible by modern technology
fOugR_voMtg-00188-00045391-00045583 the most surprising thing was that we
fOugR_voMtg-00189-00045584-00045783 found structures already described by
fOugR_voMtg-00190-00045784-00046079 gilgamesh mr fassbinder stated
fOugR_voMtg-00191-00046080-00046335 we covered more than 100 hectares we
fOugR_voMtg-00192-00046336-00046502 found garden structures and field
fOugR_voMtg-00193-00046503-00046743 structures as described in the epoch and
fOugR_voMtg-00194-00046744-00046990 we found babylonian houses here
fOugR_voMtg-00195-00046991-00047183 predictably is where the story goes
fOugR_voMtg-00196-00047184-00047383 silent due to conflict within the
fOugR_voMtg-00197-00047384-00047590 country it was largely believed the
fOugR_voMtg-00198-00047591-00047911 excavations had been halted however it
fOugR_voMtg-00199-00047912-00048086 seems that the discovery of king
fOugR_voMtg-00200-00048087-00048295 gilgamesh may not have been made in
fOugR_voMtg-00201-00048296-00048551 isolation this footage was supposedly
fOugR_voMtg-00202-00048552-00048735 leaked to numerous places across the
fOugR_voMtg-00203-00048736-00048958 internet and has largely been put down
fOugR_voMtg-00204-00048959-00049223 as authentic footage of the find shortly
fOugR_voMtg-00205-00049224-00049446 after this was taken reports state that
fOugR_voMtg-00206-00049447-00049695 american forces moved in and seized the
fOugR_voMtg-00207-00049696-00049815 find
fOugR_voMtg-00208-00049816-00050039 why do the powers that be see fit to
fOugR_voMtg-00209-00050040-00050302 suppress such discoveries the very real
fOugR_voMtg-00210-00050303-00050535 tombs of characters long thought to have
fOugR_voMtg-00211-00050536-00050639 been mythical
fOugR_voMtg-00212-00050640-00050918 osiris being but one example among many
fOugR_voMtg-00213-00050919-00051095 which have undoubtedly been hidden from
fOugR_voMtg-00214-00051096-00051207 the public
fOugR_voMtg-00215-00051208-00051454 maybe some clues to why his tomb has
fOugR_voMtg-00216-00051455-00051702 been hidden lay within the epic and the
fOugR_voMtg-00217-00051703-00051926 immense powers gilgamesh was said to
fOugR_voMtg-00218-00051927-00052063 have possessed
fOugR_voMtg-00219-00052064-00052287 he was the fifth king of uruk and his
fOugR_voMtg-00220-00052288-00052511 power was so mighty many believe that
fOugR_voMtg-00221-00052512-00052694 the stories surrounding him are just
fOugR_voMtg-00222-00052695-00052871 myths that were built around his
fOugR_voMtg-00223-00052872-00053063 seemingly superhuman strength and
fOugR_voMtg-00224-00053064-00053182 endurance
fOugR_voMtg-00225-00053183-00053471 however serious scholars concluded that
fOugR_voMtg-00226-00053472-00053671 the story of gilgamesh was nothing more
fOugR_voMtg-00227-00053672-00053926 than a fairy tale due to the astonishing
fOugR_voMtg-00228-00053927-00054199 story in the epic the great king is
fOugR_voMtg-00229-00054200-00054423 thought to be too proud and arrogant by
fOugR_voMtg-00230-00054424-00054663 the gods and so they decide to teach him
fOugR_voMtg-00231-00054664-00054982 a lesson sending the wild man and kidu
fOugR_voMtg-00232-00054983-00055135 to humble him
fOugR_voMtg-00233-00055136-00055399 enkidu and gilgamesh after a fierce
fOugR_voMtg-00234-00055400-00055615 battle in which neither are bested
fOugR_voMtg-00235-00055616-00055847 become friends and embark on adventures
fOugR_voMtg-00236-00055848-00055959 together
fOugR_voMtg-00237-00055960-00056191 when enkidu is struck with death
fOugR_voMtg-00238-00056191-00056479 gilgamesh falls into a deep grief and
fOugR_voMtg-00239-00056479-00056679 recognizing his own mortality through
fOugR_voMtg-00240-00056679-00056838 the death of his friend
fOugR_voMtg-00241-00056839-00057038 questions the meaning of life and the
fOugR_voMtg-00242-00057039-00057247 value of human accomplishment in the
fOugR_voMtg-00243-00057248-00057454 face of ultimate extinction
fOugR_voMtg-00244-00057455-00057694 casting away all his old vanity and
fOugR_voMtg-00245-00057695-00057991 pride gilgamesh sets out on a quest to
fOugR_voMtg-00246-00057991-00058279 find the meaning of life and finally
fOugR_voMtg-00247-00058279-00058479 some way of defeating death
fOugR_voMtg-00248-00058479-00058726 in doing so he becomes the first epic
fOugR_voMtg-00249-00058727-00058950 hero in world literature
fOugR_voMtg-00250-00058951-00059199 the grief of gilgamesh and the questions
fOugR_voMtg-00251-00059200-00059454 his friends death evoke resonate with
fOugR_voMtg-00252-00059455-00059654 every human being who has wrestled with
fOugR_voMtg-00253-00059655-00059982 the meaning of life in the face of death
fOugR_voMtg-00254-00059983-00060182 is this leaked footage of the tomb of
fOugR_voMtg-00255-00060183-00060319 gilgamesh
fOugR_voMtg-00256-00060320-00060575 regardless of its authenticity why all
fOugR_voMtg-00257-00060576-00060703 the secrecy
fOugR_voMtg-00258-00060704-00060991 are we as a species not capable of being
fOugR_voMtg-00259-00060991-00061191 presented with things which test our
fOugR_voMtg-00260-00061191-00061511 core beliefs without erupting into chaos
fOugR_voMtg-00261-00061512-00061791 it seems for now we may have to wait to
fOugR_voMtg-00262-00061791-00062006 find out
fOugR_voMtg-00263-00062007-00062247 it is largely accepted within mainstream
fOugR_voMtg-00264-00062248-00062503 archaeology that modern civilization
fOugR_voMtg-00265-00062504-00062694 started with iraq
fOugR_voMtg-00266-00062695-00063047 within what we now call mesopotamia
fOugR_voMtg-00267-00063048-00063263 iraq is currently accepted as the
fOugR_voMtg-00268-00063264-00063519 longest surviving continuous area of
fOugR_voMtg-00269-00063520-00063847 civilization anywhere on earth
fOugR_voMtg-00270-00063848-00064063 the question is how did this very
fOugR_voMtg-00271-00064064-00064366 ancient culture excel so successfully
fOugR_voMtg-00272-00064367-00064615 within their surrounding environment how
fOugR_voMtg-00273-00064616-00064823 did they develop such sophisticated
fOugR_voMtg-00274-00064824-00065071 methods of survival at such a primitive
fOugR_voMtg-00275-00065072-00065238 time in our history
fOugR_voMtg-00276-00065239-00065438 there actually exists a series of
fOugR_voMtg-00277-00065439-00065719 figurines made by unknown people that
fOugR_voMtg-00278-00065720-00065967 predated the sumerian culture by some
fOugR_voMtg-00279-00065968-00066287 magnitude known as the ubaidian people
fOugR_voMtg-00280-00066288-00066591 were these the source of sumerian wisdom
fOugR_voMtg-00281-00066592-00066831 the only problem is that the figures are
fOugR_voMtg-00282-00066832-00067175 representative of a race of reptilians a
fOugR_voMtg-00283-00067176-00067447 discovery at the bade archaeological
fOugR_voMtg-00284-00067448-00067711 site where many very ancient artifacts
fOugR_voMtg-00285-00067712-00067815 were found
fOugR_voMtg-00286-00067816-00068082 depicting humanoid figures with lizard
fOugR_voMtg-00287-00068083-00068271 characteristics
fOugR_voMtg-00288-00068272-00068519 the origins of the ubadian people is
fOugR_voMtg-00289-00068520-00068806 unknown their entire existence is a huge
fOugR_voMtg-00290-00068807-00069023 mystery to mainstream history and
fOugR_voMtg-00291-00069024-00069271 although this race of people may in all
fOugR_voMtg-00292-00069272-00069503 possibility be the pioneers for modern
fOugR_voMtg-00293-00069504-00069767 civilization very little is known about
fOugR_voMtg-00294-00069768-00069879 them
fOugR_voMtg-00295-00069880-00070094 they apparently lived in large village
fOugR_voMtg-00296-00070095-00070359 settlements within mud brick houses they
fOugR_voMtg-00297-00070360-00070631 developed architecture agriculture and
fOugR_voMtg-00298-00070632-00070894 farmed the land using irrigation
fOugR_voMtg-00299-00070895-00071094 their domestic architecture involved
fOugR_voMtg-00300-00071095-00071375 large houses open courtyards paved
fOugR_voMtg-00301-00071376-00071671 streets even food processing equipment
fOugR_voMtg-00302-00071672-00071887 some of these villages began to develop
fOugR_voMtg-00303-00071888-00072159 into towns temples began to appear as
fOugR_voMtg-00304-00072160-00072423 well as monumental buildings such as in
fOugR_voMtg-00305-00072424-00072759 eridu ur and uruk once the capitals of
fOugR_voMtg-00306-00072760-00072882 the sumerian
fOugR_voMtg-00307-00072883-00073094 civilization many of the figurines
fOugR_voMtg-00308-00073095-00073311 exhibit different postures and in most
fOugR_voMtg-00309-00073312-00073487 cases they appear to be wearing a
fOugR_voMtg-00310-00073488-00073719 curious helmet of some kind and have
fOugR_voMtg-00311-00073720-00073879 some form of padding around the
fOugR_voMtg-00312-00073880-00074103 shoulders other figurines were found to
fOugR_voMtg-00313-00074104-00074367 be holding staffs or a scepter possibly
fOugR_voMtg-00314-00074368-00074575 as a symbol of their status amongst the
fOugR_voMtg-00315-00074576-00074662 group
fOugR_voMtg-00316-00074663-00074887 each figurine was clearly intended to
fOugR_voMtg-00317-00074888-00075119 represent a unique individual
fOugR_voMtg-00318-00075120-00075303 some female figurines were even
fOugR_voMtg-00319-00075304-00075559 discovered holding babies with the child
fOugR_voMtg-00320-00075560-00075911 also represented as a reptilian creature
fOugR_voMtg-00321-00075912-00076182 just who were the obedient people
fOugR_voMtg-00322-00076183-00076399 were these figures intended to represent
fOugR_voMtg-00323-00076400-00076550 tribe members
fOugR_voMtg-00324-00076551-00076767 more research into their appearance and
fOugR_voMtg-00325-00076768-00076950 information surrounding the origins of
fOugR_voMtg-00326-00076951-00077231 their knowledge is clearly needed we
fOugR_voMtg-00327-00077232-00077447 will of course keep you posted on any
fOugR_voMtg-00328-00077448-00077631 future developments regarding this
fOugR_voMtg-00329-00077632-00077935 mysterious valuable and quite possibly
fOugR_voMtg-00330-00077936-00078736 reptilian tribe
fOugR_voMtg-00331-00078737-00080071 [Music]
fOugR_voMtg-00332-00080072-00080280 you
fPmwurEkX70-00000-00000905-00001788 foreign
fPmwurEkX70-00001-00001789-00003155 [Music]
fPmwurEkX70-00002-00003156-00003206 foreign
fPmwurEkX70-00004-00006282-00007002 foreign
fPmwurEkX70-00005-00007003-00009095 [Music]
fPmwurEkX70-00006-00009096-00010524 foreign
fPmwurEkX70-00007-00010525-00011186 thank you
fPmwurEkX70-00008-00011187-00012695 [Music]
fPmwurEkX70-00009-00012696-00013268 foreign
fPmwurEkX70-00010-00013269-00016013 [Music]
fPmwurEkX70-00012-00019337-00019782 foreign
fPmwurEkX70-00013-00019783-00022708 [Music]
fPmwurEkX70-00014-00022709-00023474 foreign
fPmwurEkX70-00015-00023475-00026152 [Music]
fQsTvm5hbsI-00000-00000016-00000359 nancy pelosi called wolf blitzer
fQsTvm5hbsI-00001-00000360-00000582 several nate she was going after wolf
fQsTvm5hbsI-00002-00000583-00000790 blitzerman she was not happy with cnn
fQsTvm5hbsI-00003-00000791-00000999 wolf blitzer yesterday said had nancy
fQsTvm5hbsI-00004-00001000-00001135 pelosi on and really
fQsTvm5hbsI-00005-00001136-00001327 i mean it didn't even griller just asked
fQsTvm5hbsI-00006-00001328-00001470 her simple questions like
fQsTvm5hbsI-00007-00001471-00001679 why won't you take the money and she
fQsTvm5hbsI-00008-00001680-00001782 exploded on him
fQsTvm5hbsI-00009-00001784-00001991 members of your own caucus madam speaker
fQsTvm5hbsI-00010-00001992-00002191 uh want to accept this deal one point
fQsTvm5hbsI-00011-00002192-00002359 eight trillion dollars congressman roe
fQsTvm5hbsI-00012-00002360-00002495 connor yeah
fQsTvm5hbsI-00013-00002496-00002718 let me just let me just quote ro connor
fQsTvm5hbsI-00014-00002719-00002831 a man you know well
fQsTvm5hbsI-00015-00002832-00003055 i assume you admire him he's a democrat
fQsTvm5hbsI-00016-00003056-00003254 and he just said this he said people in
fQsTvm5hbsI-00017-00003255-00003390 need can't wait
fQsTvm5hbsI-00018-00003392-00003711 until february 1.8 trillion dollars is
fQsTvm5hbsI-00019-00003711-00003895 significant and more than twice
fQsTvm5hbsI-00020-00003896-00004183 the obama stimulus make a deal put the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00021-00004184-00004222 ball
fQsTvm5hbsI-00022-00004223-00004406 in mcconnell court so what do you say to
fQsTvm5hbsI-00023-00004407-00004575 roconna what i say to you
fQsTvm5hbsI-00024-00004576-00004735 is i don't know why you're always an
fQsTvm5hbsI-00025-00004736-00005006 apologist and many of your colleagues
fQsTvm5hbsI-00026-00005007-00005263 apologize for the republican position
fQsTvm5hbsI-00027-00005264-00005438 rolcana that's nice
fQsTvm5hbsI-00028-00005439-00005631 that isn't what we're going to do
fQsTvm5hbsI-00029-00005632-00005799 they're not going to take 1.8
fQsTvm5hbsI-00030-00005800-00006031 trillion dollars in immediate stimulus
fQsTvm5hbsI-00031-00006032-00006159 for the american people
fQsTvm5hbsI-00032-00006160-00006343 who are hurting right now and when
fQsTvm5hbsI-00033-00006344-00006510 you've got rokhana and wolf blitz are
fQsTvm5hbsI-00034-00006511-00006687 basically saying why not
fQsTvm5hbsI-00035-00006688-00006951 and she can't give a straight answer 1.8
fQsTvm5hbsI-00036-00006952-00007142 trillion dollars and the president just
fQsTvm5hbsI-00037-00007143-00007198 tweeted
fQsTvm5hbsI-00038-00007200-00007495 stimulus go big or go home he wants even
fQsTvm5hbsI-00039-00007495-00007567 more
fQsTvm5hbsI-00040-00007568-00007806 right now so why not why not work on a
fQsTvm5hbsI-00041-00007808-00007903 deal with him
fQsTvm5hbsI-00042-00007904-00008087 and don't let the perfect as they say
fQsTvm5hbsI-00043-00008088-00008287 here in washington be the enemy of the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00044-00008288-00008423 good
fQsTvm5hbsI-00045-00008424-00008599 well i will not let the wrong be the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00046-00008600-00008823 enemy of the right what's wrong with 1.8
fQsTvm5hbsI-00047-00008824-00008903 trillion dollars
fQsTvm5hbsI-00048-00008904-00009055 oh man look at that he just what's wrong
fQsTvm5hbsI-00049-00009056-00009287 with one i won't let the wrong be the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00050-00009288-00009510 enemy of the right which by the way
fQsTvm5hbsI-00051-00009511-00009678 makes no sense whatsoever but i mean i
fQsTvm5hbsI-00052-00009679-00009863 would expect nothing less from
fQsTvm5hbsI-00053-00009864-00010119 from nancy pelosi and wolf blitzer says
fQsTvm5hbsI-00054-00010120-00010359 what's wrong with 1.8
fQsTvm5hbsI-00055-00010360-00010567 trillion dollars think about this think
fQsTvm5hbsI-00056-00010568-00010710 about how far
fQsTvm5hbsI-00057-00010711-00010887 out in left field think about the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00058-00010888-00011046 socialist mentality here
fQsTvm5hbsI-00059-00011047-00011374 with nancy pelosi and the democrats 1.8
fQsTvm5hbsI-00060-00011375-00011455 trillion
fQsTvm5hbsI-00061-00011456-00011759 dollars is not enough money for a
fQsTvm5hbsI-00062-00011760-00011942 second stimulus this isn't even the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00063-00011943-00012078 first one this is a
fQsTvm5hbsI-00064-00012079-00012303 a second stimulus package we're talking
fQsTvm5hbsI-00065-00012304-00012470 about 1.8 trillion
fQsTvm5hbsI-00066-00012471-00012678 mokana's on board with it wolf blitzer's
fQsTvm5hbsI-00067-00012679-00012774 on board with it
fQsTvm5hbsI-00068-00012775-00012951 nancy pelosi is holding it up and saying
fQsTvm5hbsI-00069-00012952-00013119 it's wrong i didn't come over here to
fQsTvm5hbsI-00070-00013119-00013207 have you
fQsTvm5hbsI-00071-00013208-00013463 so you're the apologist for the obama
fQsTvm5hbsI-00072-00013463-00013575 and excuse me
fQsTvm5hbsI-00073-00013576-00013791 god forbid madam speaker i'm not an
fQsTvm5hbsI-00074-00013791-00013943 apologist i'm asking you
fQsTvm5hbsI-00075-00013944-00014158 serious questions because so many people
fQsTvm5hbsI-00076-00014159-00014311 are in desperate news
fQsTvm5hbsI-00077-00014312-00014511 right now let me ask you this that was
fQsTvm5hbsI-00078-00014512-00014719 the last time let me respond to you let
fQsTvm5hbsI-00079-00014719-00014903 me ask you when was the last time madam
fQsTvm5hbsI-00080-00014904-00015119 speaker yeah and this is where she
fQsTvm5hbsI-00081-00015119-00015327 totally loses she's so frustrated she's
fQsTvm5hbsI-00082-00015328-00015519 even calling donald trump barack obama
fQsTvm5hbsI-00083-00015519-00015686 and then she has stopped oh god forbid
fQsTvm5hbsI-00084-00015687-00015879 um she had a biden moment there she
fQsTvm5hbsI-00085-00015880-00016022 forgot who the president was that she
fQsTvm5hbsI-00086-00016023-00016055 was
fQsTvm5hbsI-00087-00016056-00016238 that she was arguing with but she's
fQsTvm5hbsI-00088-00016240-00016407 basically saying she's basically out
fQsTvm5hbsI-00089-00016408-00016471 there saying
fQsTvm5hbsI-00090-00016472-00016727 we're not going to negotiate we're not
fQsTvm5hbsI-00091-00016728-00016871 going to deal we're not going to do our
fQsTvm5hbsI-00092-00016872-00016927 jobs
fQsTvm5hbsI-00093-00016928-00017230 the president cut off negotiations
fQsTvm5hbsI-00094-00017231-00017463 came back with a deal of 1.8 trillion
fQsTvm5hbsI-00095-00017464-00017543 dollars
fQsTvm5hbsI-00096-00017544-00017847 and she's still saying no to it and wolf
fQsTvm5hbsI-00097-00017848-00017919 blitzer
fQsTvm5hbsI-00098-00017920-00018086 and rokhana and the democrats and
fQsTvm5hbsI-00099-00018087-00018263 probably a lot of people out there
fQsTvm5hbsI-00100-00018264-00018503 wanting money needing money thinking
fQsTvm5hbsI-00101-00018504-00018599 where am i how am i going to pay my
fQsTvm5hbsI-00102-00018600-00018719 mortgage how am i going to pay my car
fQsTvm5hbsI-00103-00018720-00018847 payment you know how am i going to feed
fQsTvm5hbsI-00104-00018848-00018894 my kids
fQsTvm5hbsI-00105-00018895-00019039 i still can't go back to work because i
fQsTvm5hbsI-00106-00019040-00019191 live in a blue state and the stupid
fQsTvm5hbsI-00107-00019192-00019327 governor's locked us down
fQsTvm5hbsI-00108-00019328-00019575 how am i going to live my life i need
fQsTvm5hbsI-00109-00019576-00019671 some cash
fQsTvm5hbsI-00110-00019672-00019855 1.8 trillion dollars seems like a good
fQsTvm5hbsI-00111-00019856-00020094 start nancy pelosi says no
fQsTvm5hbsI-00112-00020095-00020294 wolf blitzer then asks about the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00113-00020295-00020455 president when was the last time you
fQsTvm5hbsI-00114-00020456-00020591 spoke with the president
fQsTvm5hbsI-00115-00020592-00021071 about this i don't speak the presidency
fQsTvm5hbsI-00116-00021072-00021271 why not call him and say mr president
fQsTvm5hbsI-00117-00021272-00021391 let's work out a deal
fQsTvm5hbsI-00118-00021392-00021550 it's not going to be everything you want
fQsTvm5hbsI-00119-00021551-00021703 not going to be everything i want
fQsTvm5hbsI-00120-00021704-00021878 but there are so many americans right
fQsTvm5hbsI-00121-00021879-00022055 now who are in desperate need
fQsTvm5hbsI-00122-00022056-00022271 let's make a deal and you can feel the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00123-00022272-00022367 frustration
fQsTvm5hbsI-00124-00022368-00022550 in wolf blitzer's voice you can feel
fQsTvm5hbsI-00125-00022551-00022671 that under that
fQsTvm5hbsI-00126-00022672-00022983 hard liberal propagandist exterior
fQsTvm5hbsI-00127-00022984-00023175 it's like the grinch who stole christmas
fQsTvm5hbsI-00128-00023176-00023375 it's like his heart grew three times
fQsTvm5hbsI-00129-00023376-00023671 and he's like you know a woman it's 1.8
fQsTvm5hbsI-00130-00023672-00023775 trillion dollars
fQsTvm5hbsI-00131-00023776-00023975 it's not everything you want but people
fQsTvm5hbsI-00132-00023976-00024111 need the money
fQsTvm5hbsI-00133-00024112-00024342 why don't you call the president just
fQsTvm5hbsI-00134-00024343-00024414 call him
fQsTvm5hbsI-00135-00024415-00024614 just say hey let's get this done why
fQsTvm5hbsI-00136-00024615-00024767 won't you do that and you know what
fQsTvm5hbsI-00137-00024768-00024894 nancy pelosi says
fQsTvm5hbsI-00138-00024895-00025319 she says this with all due respect
fQsTvm5hbsI-00139-00025320-00025511 with all due respect and you know we've
fQsTvm5hbsI-00140-00025512-00025662 known each other a long time
fQsTvm5hbsI-00141-00025663-00025790 you really don't know what you're
fQsTvm5hbsI-00142-00025791-00026118 talking about
fQsTvm5hbsI-00143-00026119-00026462 with all due respect wolf you don't know
fQsTvm5hbsI-00144-00026463-00026799 what you're talking about this is
fQsTvm5hbsI-00145-00026800-00027127 nancy pelosi the leader of the house of
fQsTvm5hbsI-00146-00027127-00027255 representatives she is the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00147-00027256-00027590 highest ranking left-leaning socialist
fQsTvm5hbsI-00148-00027591-00027831 democrat in the united states talking to
fQsTvm5hbsI-00149-00027832-00027951 wolf blitzer
fQsTvm5hbsI-00150-00027952-00028390 the original the oc socialist on cnn
fQsTvm5hbsI-00151-00028391-00028670 this guy has been on cnn since almost
fQsTvm5hbsI-00152-00028672-00028751 day one
fQsTvm5hbsI-00153-00028752-00028958 and he has been the most liberal talking
fQsTvm5hbsI-00154-00028960-00029070 head on that network
fQsTvm5hbsI-00155-00029072-00029318 uh ever since its creation you've got
fQsTvm5hbsI-00156-00029319-00029431 these two people
fQsTvm5hbsI-00157-00029432-00029767 who typically see eye to eye on things
fQsTvm5hbsI-00158-00029768-00030055 head going head-to-head butting heads on
fQsTvm5hbsI-00159-00030056-00030190 national television
fQsTvm5hbsI-00160-00030191-00030407 and nancy pelosi turning to wolf blitzer
fQsTvm5hbsI-00161-00030408-00030574 the mouthpiece of her party
fQsTvm5hbsI-00162-00030575-00030767 and saying you don't know what you're
fQsTvm5hbsI-00163-00030768-00030911 talking about
fQsTvm5hbsI-00164-00030912-00031158 do you know why this is happening it's
fQsTvm5hbsI-00165-00031160-00031335 because of donald trump
fQsTvm5hbsI-00166-00031336-00031662 donald trump is giving nancy pelosi what
fQsTvm5hbsI-00167-00031663-00031799 cnn's telling her
fQsTvm5hbsI-00168-00031800-00032062 she should take and she doesn't want it
fQsTvm5hbsI-00169-00032063-00032262 it validates trump's presidency
fQsTvm5hbsI-00170-00032263-00032462 it gives him credit for the deal and
fQsTvm5hbsI-00171-00032463-00032614 it's a feather in his cap before
fQsTvm5hbsI-00172-00032616-00032702 election day
fQsTvm5hbsI-00173-00032703-00032871 and she doesn't care about the american
fQsTvm5hbsI-00174-00032872-00033055 people she doesn't care about the people
fQsTvm5hbsI-00175-00033056-00033190 that are losing their homes or their
fQsTvm5hbsI-00176-00033191-00033239 jobs
fQsTvm5hbsI-00177-00033240-00033446 she doesn't care about cnn she is
fQsTvm5hbsI-00178-00033447-00033567 frustrated and
fQsTvm5hbsI-00179-00033568-00033790 angry that wolf blitzer is trying to
fQsTvm5hbsI-00180-00033791-00033951 convince her to take this deal and
fQsTvm5hbsI-00181-00033952-00034102 giving the president and also the
fQsTvm5hbsI-00182-00034103-00034199 american people
fQsTvm5hbsI-00183-00034200-00034462 a huge win he doesn't know what he's
fQsTvm5hbsI-00184-00034463-00034736 talking about
fU-wvO0OiiI-00000-00000039-00000214 hello and welcome to my another
fU-wvO0OiiI-00001-00000215-00000407 recording session this will be
fU-wvO0OiiI-00002-00000408-00000726 vlog number seven about
fU-wvO0OiiI-00003-00000727-00001054 my progress in unity 3d
fU-wvO0OiiI-00004-00001055-00001358 creating game so
fU-wvO0OiiI-00005-00001359-00001639 let me introduce myself who am i my name
fU-wvO0OiiI-00006-00001639-00001839 is alexander lowsky i am a full stack
fU-wvO0OiiI-00007-00001839-00002014 developer freelancer
fU-wvO0OiiI-00008-00002016-00002239 here you have my contact information
fU-wvO0OiiI-00009-00002240-00002471 what kind of services i do provide to my
fU-wvO0OiiI-00010-00002472-00002679 clients software development for the
fU-wvO0OiiI-00011-00002680-00003047 clients projects developing customized
fU-wvO0OiiI-00012-00003048-00003303 automatic unit tests helping companies
fU-wvO0OiiI-00013-00003304-00003375 understand
fU-wvO0OiiI-00014-00003376-00003663 requirements and i actually help
fU-wvO0OiiI-00015-00003664-00003847 students and people who want to switch
fU-wvO0OiiI-00016-00003847-00003990 into the it
fU-wvO0OiiI-00017-00003992-00004247 and find job at for the permanent
fU-wvO0OiiI-00018-00004248-00004359 position
fU-wvO0OiiI-00019-00004360-00004543 in german company so feel free to
fU-wvO0OiiI-00020-00004544-00004686 contact me
fU-wvO0OiiI-00021-00004687-00004991 that's it for my introduction
fU-wvO0OiiI-00022-00004992-00005415 let's start for the main topic
fU-wvO0OiiI-00023-00005416-00005838 here you go now you will see
fU-wvO0OiiI-00024-00005839-00006183 now you see another pretty crucial
fU-wvO0OiiI-00025-00006184-00006414 important stuff
fU-wvO0OiiI-00026-00006415-00006775 from my game this is a this is what i
fU-wvO0OiiI-00027-00006776-00006846 got
fU-wvO0OiiI-00028-00006847-00007159 as a result of my day work
fU-wvO0OiiI-00029-00007159-00007510 and yeah this is the same game which i
fU-wvO0OiiI-00030-00007511-00007551 have
fU-wvO0OiiI-00031-00007552-00007910 previously showed you the same game
fU-wvO0OiiI-00032-00007911-00008239 this would be another part of the game
fU-wvO0OiiI-00033-00008240-00008742 where a user would see a results of his
fU-wvO0OiiI-00034-00008743-00009039 endeavors in the game so basically the
fU-wvO0OiiI-00035-00009040-00009078 this
fU-wvO0OiiI-00036-00009079-00009446 whole scene uh was developed
fU-wvO0OiiI-00037-00009447-00009799 to to show the user how he actually
fU-wvO0OiiI-00038-00009800-00010127 uh yeah good in the game what
fU-wvO0OiiI-00039-00010128-00010446 what kind of challenges he did managed
fU-wvO0OiiI-00040-00010447-00010535 and
fU-wvO0OiiI-00041-00010536-00010871 on this monolith i would have uh some
fU-wvO0OiiI-00042-00010872-00011167 interactivity stuff presented
fU-wvO0OiiI-00043-00011168-00011278 achievements and
fU-wvO0OiiI-00044-00011279-00011583 user would kind of i don't know look it
fU-wvO0OiiI-00045-00011584-00011903 and see it and feel proud
fU-wvO0OiiI-00046-00011904-00012223 of on of what about
fU-wvO0OiiI-00047-00012224-00012574 he will feel proud on what he achieved
fU-wvO0OiiI-00048-00012575-00012951 in the game which i developed and
fU-wvO0OiiI-00049-00012952-00013255 yeah what to add as you see this is
fU-wvO0OiiI-00050-00013256-00013686 fully 3d scene i can
fU-wvO0OiiI-00051-00013687-00014063 like be fast if you don't
fU-wvO0OiiI-00052-00014063-00014430 like i don't know pretty
fU-wvO0OiiI-00053-00014431-00014791 unsatisfied with the uh movement and
fU-wvO0OiiI-00054-00014791-00015166 here you have ticket boots i think
fU-wvO0OiiI-00055-00015168-00015463 later i will do some funny funny stuff
fU-wvO0OiiI-00056-00015463-00015599 like i don't know
fU-wvO0OiiI-00057-00015600-00015919 buy ticket and see some i don't know
fU-wvO0OiiI-00058-00015919-00016191 animation maybe i don't know
fU-wvO0OiiI-00059-00016191-00016527 this would be no micro transactions
fU-wvO0OiiI-00060-00016528-00016883 definitely but i
fU-wvO0OiiI-00061-00016884-00017175 think uh there's a certain value in such
fU-wvO0OiiI-00062-00017176-00017271 scene
fU-wvO0OiiI-00063-00017272-00017686 and it give a a player kind of relief
fU-wvO0OiiI-00064-00017687-00017847 from the stress in the game
fU-wvO0OiiI-00065-00017848-00018143 i mean i don't other i do not plan to
fU-wvO0OiiI-00066-00018144-00018199 put
fU-wvO0OiiI-00067-00018200-00018535 a gamer to the much stress but
fU-wvO0OiiI-00068-00018536-00018847 it's kind of challenging sometimes
fU-wvO0OiiI-00069-00018848-00019175 probably here you have cars of like i
fU-wvO0OiiI-00070-00019176-00019383 don't know visitors
fU-wvO0OiiI-00071-00019384-00019567 should give you a feeling about that
fU-wvO0OiiI-00072-00019568-00019750 your monument
fU-wvO0OiiI-00073-00019751-00020047 not visit only by you there you have
fU-wvO0OiiI-00074-00020048-00020175 observatory
fU-wvO0OiiI-00075-00020176-00020558 just some simple prop nothing behind of
fU-wvO0OiiI-00076-00020559-00020671 it
fU-wvO0OiiI-00077-00020672-00021030 but pretty solid kind what kind of
fU-wvO0OiiI-00078-00021031-00021103 challenges
fU-wvO0OiiI-00079-00021104-00021430 did i um got
fU-wvO0OiiI-00080-00021431-00021758 well for example cars are not kind
fU-wvO0OiiI-00081-00021759-00022191 kind of they look cool from the distance
fU-wvO0OiiI-00082-00022192-00022519 but i don't know is that
fU-wvO0OiiI-00083-00022520-00022894 they are too way way too cool
fU-wvO0OiiI-00084-00022895-00023247 for me maybe i will exchange those cars
fU-wvO0OiiI-00085-00023248-00023519 for something different because i don't
fU-wvO0OiiI-00086-00023520-00023686 know i just
fU-wvO0OiiI-00087-00023687-00024030 i don't as i said earlier in my previous
fU-wvO0OiiI-00088-00024031-00024311 vlogs i do not use my own assets right
fU-wvO0OiiI-00089-00024312-00024478 now at the moment i use
fU-wvO0OiiI-00090-00024479-00024775 freely available and legally obtainable
fU-wvO0OiiI-00091-00024776-00024903 assets which i can
fU-wvO0OiiI-00092-00024904-00025278 get hold and yeah basically
fU-wvO0OiiI-00093-00025279-00025583 it looks cool and it looks
fU-wvO0OiiI-00094-00025584-00025999 kind of fun was to do that and
fU-wvO0OiiI-00095-00026000-00026287 things which i need to say about unity
fU-wvO0OiiI-00096-00026288-00026487 it's it's kind of
fU-wvO0OiiI-00097-00026488-00026902 if you use um assets
fU-wvO0OiiI-00098-00026904-00027118 from like i don't know indie version 8
fU-wvO0OiiI-00099-00027119-00027246 you need to know
fU-wvO0OiiI-00100-00027247-00027535 that there are some minor issues like i
fU-wvO0OiiI-00101-00027536-00027655 don't know you need
fU-wvO0OiiI-00102-00027656-00028007 to update scripts and make sure that
fU-wvO0OiiI-00103-00028008-00028214 they're compatible to your unity version
fU-wvO0OiiI-00104-00028216-00028423 so so this is what i actually got as a
fU-wvO0OiiI-00105-00028424-00028518 problem
fU-wvO0OiiI-00106-00028519-00028823 during my time and
fU-wvO0OiiI-00107-00028824-00029102 most times i spend time analyzing this
fU-wvO0OiiI-00108-00029104-00029190 scene
fU-wvO0OiiI-00109-00029191-00029607 like i don't know what things i can do
fU-wvO0OiiI-00110-00029608-00029974 to like like for example you see this
fU-wvO0OiiI-00111-00029975-00030046 floor
fU-wvO0OiiI-00112-00030047-00030390 this is kind of interesting asset
fU-wvO0OiiI-00113-00030391-00030799 it should be marble it's like marble
fU-wvO0OiiI-00114-00030800-00031158 street but then you have here
fU-wvO0OiiI-00115-00031160-00031462 like i don't know garbage pins
fU-wvO0OiiI-00116-00031463-00031846 um containers you cannot jump
fU-wvO0OiiI-00117-00031847-00032079 i disable this function you don't need
fU-wvO0OiiI-00118-00032080-00032207 to jump in your
fU-wvO0OiiI-00119-00032208-00032783 like glory glory
fU-wvO0OiiI-00120-00032784-00033071 glo glory place like of your glory maybe
fU-wvO0OiiI-00121-00033072-00033135 i will
fU-wvO0OiiI-00122-00033136-00033527 have i don't know advisers put
fU-wvO0OiiI-00123-00033528-00033831 here advisor advisor advisor and you
fU-wvO0OiiI-00124-00033832-00034039 will be able to speak to them get an
fU-wvO0OiiI-00125-00034040-00034127 advice
fU-wvO0OiiI-00126-00034128-00034367 about your current progress of your game
fU-wvO0OiiI-00127-00034368-00034495 it's just
fU-wvO0OiiI-00128-00034496-00034759 not planned but probably would be kind
fU-wvO0OiiI-00129-00034760-00034846 of
fU-wvO0OiiI-00130-00034847-00035167 interesting and
fU-wvO0OiiI-00131-00035168-00035423 what i need to say about other
fU-wvO0OiiI-00132-00035424-00035535 challenges
fU-wvO0OiiI-00133-00035536-00035846 as always a initial challenge is a
fU-wvO0OiiI-00134-00035847-00035967 conceptual art
fU-wvO0OiiI-00135-00035968-00036367 i mean i got to the point that
fU-wvO0OiiI-00136-00036368-00036671 i just create crimes and then
fU-wvO0OiiI-00137-00036672-00037111 go from them and spend time with unity
fU-wvO0OiiI-00138-00037112-00037430 and trying to have best available freely
fU-wvO0OiiI-00139-00037431-00037702 available assets i do not plan to
fU-wvO0OiiI-00140-00037703-00038015 at some point i did bought one asset as
fU-wvO0OiiI-00141-00038016-00038079 i said
fU-wvO0OiiI-00142-00038080-00038446 in the past but in this current scene
fU-wvO0OiiI-00143-00038447-00038839 i don't think that i spent any penny and
fU-wvO0OiiI-00144-00038840-00039143 i mean you can always say
fU-wvO0OiiI-00145-00039144-00039446 this is not enough but i mean this is
fU-wvO0OiiI-00146-00039447-00039574 what i got
fU-wvO0OiiI-00147-00039575-00039927 and i am kind of lucky about it that
fU-wvO0OiiI-00148-00039928-00040302 it is working as i expect you can go
fU-wvO0OiiI-00149-00040303-00040399 there because
fU-wvO0OiiI-00150-00040400-00040759 there place reserved for the seller
fU-wvO0OiiI-00151-00040760-00041095 and if you like
fU-wvO0OiiI-00152-00041096-00041399 what i'm doing please hit the bell
fU-wvO0OiiI-00153-00041400-00041455 button
fU-wvO0OiiI-00154-00041456-00041758 subscribe to my channel and that is
fU-wvO0OiiI-00155-00041759-00041879 basically it
fU-wvO0OiiI-00156-00041880-00042223 and it continues um
fU-wvO0OiiI-00157-00042224-00042615 i would probably post new update
fU-wvO0OiiI-00158-00042616-00042943 at the end of the week maybe maybe
fU-wvO0OiiI-00159-00042944-00043062 interesting
fU-wvO0OiiI-00160-00043063-00043455 stuff item i'm not sure but i see
fU-wvO0OiiI-00161-00043456-00043695 that is slowly but steady going with
fU-wvO0OiiI-00162-00043696-00043839 this project
fU-wvO0OiiI-00163-00043840-00044246 and i hope
fU-wvO0OiiI-00164-00044247-00044599 when i pick my schedule
fU-wvO0OiiI-00165-00044600-00044879 like this i think i would be pretty
fU-wvO0OiiI-00166-00044880-00044999 satisfied at the end
fU-wvO0OiiI-00167-00045000-00045358 because i do not spend too much time at
fU-wvO0OiiI-00168-00045359-00045702 building assets i'm spending time
fU-wvO0OiiI-00169-00045703-00046046 to connect so assets and write
fU-wvO0OiiI-00170-00046047-00046423 game logic so yeah pretty
fU-wvO0OiiI-00171-00046424-00046790 fun pretty fun today and that's it i
fU-wvO0OiiI-00172-00046791-00047015 hope you like it what you saw
fU-wvO0OiiI-00173-00047016-00047311 and let me know let me know what you
fU-wvO0OiiI-00174-00047312-00047430 would like to
fU-wvO0OiiI-00175-00047431-00047615 what do you expect what do you expect
fU-wvO0OiiI-00176-00047616-00047823 from my game because i do not
fU-wvO0OiiI-00177-00047824-00048071 reveal all of the stuff from my game but
fU-wvO0OiiI-00178-00048072-00048167 just
fU-wvO0OiiI-00179-00048168-00048502 just let me say major major points
fU-wvO0OiiI-00180-00048503-00048871 and i would repeat if you like it
fU-wvO0OiiI-00181-00048872-00049086 hit the bell button subscribe to the
fU-wvO0OiiI-00182-00049087-00049230 channel post questions
fU-wvO0OiiI-00183-00049231-00049583 i'm kind of always happy
fU-wvO0OiiI-00184-00049584-00049862 if somebody comment and give a
fU-wvO0OiiI-00185-00049863-00050030 suggestion thank you
fU-wvO0OiiI-00186-00050031-00050487 and good luck bye bye
fVP9FESVohI-00000-00000053-00000416 foreign
fVP9FESVohI-00001-00000417-00001201 [Music]
fVP9FESVohI-00002-00001202-00003394 [Music]
fVP9FESVohI-00004-00006815-00007395 be quiet
fVP9FESVohI-00005-00007397-00009301 [Music]
fVP9FESVohI-00006-00009302-00009544 don't speak
fVP9FESVohI-00007-00009545-00010761 [Music]
fZDnae_tlCU-00000-00000012-00000247 I'm going to salute on
fZDnae_tlCU-00001-00000248-00000503 Harajuku because I found this show to be
fZDnae_tlCU-00002-00000504-00000808 way better than Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi done
fZDnae_tlCU-00003-00000809-00001145 now time to watch it before I start the
fZDnae_tlCU-00004-00001146-00001354 salute to anyone who hates this show
fZDnae_tlCU-00005-00001355-00001601 then you suck and you need to get out
fZDnae_tlCU-00006-00001602-00001975 from YouTube anyways enjoy
fZDnae_tlCU-00007-00001976-00002321 Harajuku wow this show rocks this show
fZDnae_tlCU-00008-00002322-00002573 is about harajuku's musical team going
fZDnae_tlCU-00009-00002574-00002860 on awesome adventures I don't know their
fZDnae_tlCU-00010-00002861-00003076 names because I'm not watching this show
fZDnae_tlCU-00011-00003077-00003340 and why the heck is people hating this
fZDnae_tlCU-00012-00003342-00003599 show this show deserves it to be loved
fZDnae_tlCU-00013-00003600-00003922 not hated before this show aired on TV
fZDnae_tlCU-00014-00003923-00004193 it had a YouTube official Channel which
fZDnae_tlCU-00015-00004194-00004433 this YouTube's channel is way better
fZDnae_tlCU-00016-00004434-00004613 than the Angry Birds official channel
fZDnae_tlCU-00017-00004614-00004925 from YouTube I hope this show keeps on
fZDnae_tlCU-00018-00004926-00005201 TV but if they taken off the air it I
fZDnae_tlCU-00019-00005202-00005417 will force the creators to watch My
fZDnae_tlCU-00020-00005418-00005638 Little Pony friendship is Magic until
fZDnae_tlCU-00021-00005639-00005915 they ruin their childhoods do you know
fZDnae_tlCU-00022-00005916-00006233 who likes this show me evil King Pig and
fZDnae_tlCU-00023-00006234-00006539 evil Maggie pesky we love to watch this
fZDnae_tlCU-00024-00006540-00006803 show in our spare time do you know who
fZDnae_tlCU-00025-00006804-00007127 hates this show dakiko Amy and Yumi from
fZDnae_tlCU-00026-00007128-00007409 Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi King Pig and red
fZDnae_tlCU-00027-00007409-00007709 bird they hate this show so much and so
fZDnae_tlCU-00028-00007709-00008039 does for dog hiko Amy and Yumi they hate
fZDnae_tlCU-00029-00008040-00008237 this show because this show ripped off
fZDnae_tlCU-00030-00008238-00008464 their show well they need to like this
fZDnae_tlCU-00031-00008465-00008783 show or Elsa will smash his Pixar's Cars
fZDnae_tlCU-00032-00008784-00009221 decast Vehicles soku Harajuku rocks and
fZDnae_tlCU-00033-00009222-00009473 so does invisible Network for kids if
fZDnae_tlCU-00034-00009474-00009683 you hate this show Ash in Ambrosio
fZDnae_tlCU-00035-00009684-00010006 Rodriguez is a crybaby and Maria Jose
fZDnae_tlCU-00036-00010007-00010391 balderas Trujillo is a cookie anyways Hi
fZDnae_tlCU-00037-00010392-00010655 Hi Puffy AmiYumi sucks if you like this
fZDnae_tlCU-00038-00010656-00010924 show then Vanessa Aguilar Sanchez is a
fZDnae_tlCU-00039-00010925-00011177 worst student and Daniela Alexa Gomez
fZDnae_tlCU-00040-00011178-00011471 Sanchez is in stupid idiot anyways end
fZDnae_tlCU-00041-00011472-00011735 of salute now let's upload it to YouTube
fZDnae_tlCU-00042-00011736-00012041 now let's see the comments
fZDnae_tlCU-00043-00012042-00012383 oh no to have 2001 rocks is going to
fZDnae_tlCU-00044-00012384-00012742 call dakiko oh no I'm so busted yeah
fZDnae_tlCU-00045-00012743-00013024 Katie Mitchell elf and a loud house how
fZDnae_tlCU-00046-00013025-00013343 dare you salute it on Kuku harajaku you
fZDnae_tlCU-00047-00013344-00013571 know a trip of Hi Hi Puffy Amy Yumi
fZDnae_tlCU-00048-00013572-00013775 that's it you are grounded until you
fZDnae_tlCU-00049-00013776-00014057 hate you like you harajaku and I gave
fZDnae_tlCU-00050-00014058-00014315 some gift for you since you're grounded
fZDnae_tlCU-00051-00014316-00014530 I gave some toys that you hate for
fZDnae_tlCU-00052-00014531-00014836 saluting on Kuku harajaku this is
fZDnae_tlCU-00053-00014837-00015083 bullcrap those are not the toys that I
fZDnae_tlCU-00054-00015084-00015275 wanted I want them My Little Pony
fZDnae_tlCU-00055-00015276-00015586 friendship is Magic ba the schnookums
fZDnae_tlCU-00056-00015587-00015835 and meet funny cartoon show tretro
fZDnae_tlCU-00057-00015836-00016163 p-e-p-p-a Pig panty and stocking and
fZDnae_tlCU-00058-00016163-00016427 other toys that I like I don't care and
fZDnae_tlCU-00059-00016428-00016619 you are still grounded until you hate
fZDnae_tlCU-00060-00016620-00016894 you like you harajaku go to your room
fZDnae_tlCU-00061-00016895-00017300 now and play those toys that you hate
faveMWwSnLE-00000-00001519-00001884 hello everyone let's GTV my name is Matt
faveMWwSnLE-00001-00001885-00002234 don't doubt you're right lucky today
faveMWwSnLE-00002-00002235-00002774 again before the start of our lucky draw
faveMWwSnLE-00003-00002775-00002996 ginger would like to import our
faveMWwSnLE-00004-00002997-00003328 supporters less since December third
faveMWwSnLE-00005-00003329-00003745 2012 to enter Jenji monthly lucky draw
faveMWwSnLE-00006-00003746-00004040 you need to use the registration form on
faveMWwSnLE-00007-00004040-00004420 our website to register yourself as you
faveMWwSnLE-00008-00004421-00004802 a member of jun Ji and then registered
faveMWwSnLE-00009-00004803-00005397 and a number on the back of G&G tag
faveMWwSnLE-00010-00005398-00005792 please please be aware let numbers sent
faveMWwSnLE-00011-00005793-00006104 by email to our support team will not
faveMWwSnLE-00012-00006105-00006452 enter activities so what are you waiting
faveMWwSnLE-00013-00006453-00006776 for register yourself and be part of
faveMWwSnLE-00014-00006777-00007220 lucky draw right now as usual take a
faveMWwSnLE-00015-00007220-00007699 quick look at our price it's g26 this
faveMWwSnLE-00016-00007700-00008056 gun was designed by G&G and has his own
faveMWwSnLE-00017-00008058-00008389 personality and unique look many players
faveMWwSnLE-00018-00008390-00008873 found is gone really cool all right let
faveMWwSnLE-00019-00008874-00009216 us find out who's the lucky member
faveMWwSnLE-00020-00009217-00009714 it's time we have 52 participant right
faveMWwSnLE-00021-00009715-00010110 now I'm going to draw two digits these
faveMWwSnLE-00022-00010111-00010385 two digits will compose the lucky number
faveMWwSnLE-00023-00010386-00010827 the first digit I'm going to draw his
faveMWwSnLE-00024-00010828-00012096 10-day juice so therefore I put 0 1 2
faveMWwSnLE-00025-00012097-00012449 three
faveMWwSnLE-00026-00012450-00012827 for
faveMWwSnLE-00027-00012828-00013382 five inside a box so the first teacher
faveMWwSnLE-00028-00013383-00014237 well be hello it's the zero ok let me
faveMWwSnLE-00029-00014238-00014958 write down so attended flip is Lyra
faveMWwSnLE-00030-00014959-00015363 right I'm going to draw the second digit
faveMWwSnLE-00031-00015363-00016210 so I put all the ball inside
faveMWwSnLE-00032-00016211-00016783 but i have to take out a zero ok so the
faveMWwSnLE-00033-00016784-00017405 second digit well be
faveMWwSnLE-00034-00017406-00017769 for its check who's the lucky number for
faveMWwSnLE-00035-00017770-00018250 the lucky number four is king young from
faveMWwSnLE-00036-00018251-00018553 Canada Hamburg election
faveMWwSnLE-00037-00018554-00018789 thanks for watching and see you unless
faveMWwSnLE-00038-00018790-00019062 lucky draw
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00000-00000210-00000515 hey my name is Julian Lopez and I will
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00001-00000516-00000659 be talking about the influence of
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00002-00000660-00000833 serious games and gamification in
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00003-00000834-00001007 University students of English as a
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00004-00001008-00001253 foreign language and my tutors are Juan
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00005-00001254-00001469 Paul burn and Ramos and Associates
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00006-00001470-00001726 Martin of the University of Solomon they
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00007-00001727-00001930 are part of the program education in the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00008-00001932-00002209 knowledge Society so as an introduction
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00009-00002210-00002459 basically I'm going to focus on ICT
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00010-00002460-00002747 tools as we may know many careers have
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00011-00002748-00003029 changed since Discovery 19 appeared in
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00012-00003030-00003238 education in particular the use of ICT
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00013-00003239-00003431 tools increasing in quite disorderly
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00014-00003432-00003677 Monitor and the expansion of these tools
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00015-00003678-00003917 open new opportunities to obtain the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00016-00003918-00004186 ways of teaching and learning so that's
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00017-00004187-00004415 why I'm going to use it for learning
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00018-00004416-00004703 just a foreign language it I know that
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00019-00004704-00004979 we have been using it actually pretty
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00020-00004980-00005261 well to teach any language around the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00021-00005262-00005422 world but we are going to focus on it
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00022-00005423-00005704 and of course it is to work on the force
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00023-00005705-00006083 in the fourth skills and based on the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00024-00006084-00006263 common European framework of reference
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00025-00006264-00006413 from the foreign language stitching
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00026-00006414-00006610 which is a really cool tool for teachers
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00027-00006611-00006910 and Learners and they help us to know
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00028-00006911-00007223 what you need to learn in any level of
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00029-00007223-00007367 your language
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00030-00007368-00007756 so all that I have said opens this all
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00031-00007758-00008045 educational research opportunities that
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00032-00008045-00008314 aim to encourage motivate
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00033-00008315-00008560 learning of English in foreign language
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00034-00008561-00008789 a Twist stream preview knowledge and
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00035-00008790-00009071 improve the expense and optimize the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00036-00009072-00009287 effort language skills in the case of
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00037-00009288-00009551 the foreign languages experience okay so
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00038-00009552-00009706 to continue I'm going to talk about the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00039-00009707-00009851 state of Art
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00040-00009852-00010024 the first concept that I'm going to talk
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00041-00010025-00010289 about is gamification which basically is
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00042-00010290-00010595 the use of the games elements such as
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00043-00010596-00010931 design rewards Etc in Nome game contest
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00044-00010932-00011135 that's really important it can be used
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00045-00011136-00011345 in any field if you want to see here you
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00046-00011346-00011591 have more details and on the other hand
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00047-00011592-00011842 we have a game-based learning that
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00048-00011843-00012142 refers to the learning process with the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00049-00012143-00012388 use of games or learning while playing
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00050-00012389-00012664 which is really different and to
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00051-00012665-00012869 continue we have to talk about serious
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00052-00012869-00013169 games that are games created with a
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00053-00013169-00013463 purpose of being used for teaching so
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00054-00013463-00013753 that's really important the goal and the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00055-00013754-00014027 specific objective will be related to
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00056-00014028-00014386 education all the time so
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00057-00014387-00014651 any other concept that we need to talk
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00058-00014652-00014855 about is Blended learning that is going
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00059-00014856-00015058 to be presented in this investigation
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00060-00015059-00015329 and it combines face to face with the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00061-00015330-00015538 virtual learning so it improves online
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00062-00015540-00015766 processes to achieve the academic goal
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00063-00015768-00015929 in this case it will help us to improve
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00064-00015930-00016258 at least the other part
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00065-00016259-00016733 so hypothesis and objectives this
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00066-00016734-00016985 objective is based on the hypocrisy that
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00067-00016986-00017158 serious games game based learning and
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00068-00017159-00017500 gamification will affect will influence
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00069-00017501-00017711 actually the learning process of the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00070-00017712-00017885 vocabulary and the use of language of
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00071-00017886-00018247 the students and the main goal or the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00072-00018248-00018593 general objective will be to test all
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00073-00018594-00018857 the things that we had created the video
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00074-00018858-00019229 game and the courses and the we have
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00075-00019230-00019493 three specific objectives to design
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00076-00019494-00019697 everything we are going to use to
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00077-00019698-00019985 execute the courses in at the end of
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00078-00019986-00020344 course to analyze all those things
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00079-00020345-00020555 then we have the research approach and
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00080-00020556-00020867 the methods okay so this project will be
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00081-00020868-00021125 carried out Andrea quasi's experimental
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00082-00021126-00021305 modality with the three experimental
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00083-00021306-00021467 groups so
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00084-00021468-00021653 first a group
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00085-00021654-00021953 an online group that of course will use
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00086-00021954-00022175 what we had said before all the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00087-00022176-00022408 methodology then we will have a blended
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00088-00022409-00022733 learning course which is hybrid it means
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00089-00022734-00022933 that here we are going to try to
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00090-00022934-00023225 complete everything with the four skills
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00091-00023226-00023525 that maybe can be missing in the first
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00092-00023526-00023830 group and also we will have a group that
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00093-00023831-00024035 is a face-to-face it will be traditional
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00094-00024036-00024300 but also you will have everything
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00095-00024301-00024539 related to the latest approaches and
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00096-00024540-00024736 methodologies for teaching English as a
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00097-00024737-00024941 foreign language and the instruments
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00098-00024942-00025150 that we are going to be using are a
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00099-00025151-00025385 placement test as a pre-test process
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00100-00025386-00025606 because it's a pre-test process study as
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00101-00025607-00025870 I said before and later we are going to
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00102-00025872-00026087 analyze all the data that we can collect
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00103-00026088-00026251 with the just
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00104-00026252-00026635 a program and
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00105-00026636-00026993 also we are going to be doing a
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00106-00026994-00027220 systematically systematic literature
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00107-00027222-00027485 review and the main purpose is creating
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00108-00027486-00027677 a proper provision selection and
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00109-00027677-00027977 analyzing the information okay
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00110-00027977-00028102 so
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00111-00028104-00028312 to finish we're going to talk about the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00112-00028313-00028427 state of the thesis and the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00113-00028427-00028751 acknowledgment so we are basically using
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00114-00028752-00028927 the British educational research
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00115-00028927-00029290 Association beta as a code okay which
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00116-00029291-00029608 aims to advance in three areas research
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00117-00029610-00029849 quality research capacity and
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00118-00029850-00030023 demonstrates transparency of the
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00119-00030024-00030173 researcher's responsibilities to
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00120-00030174-00030449 education that's why we're using it and
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00121-00030450-00030677 also we I had to say that we have a
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00122-00030677-00030833 really cool community
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00123-00030833-00031229 that is basically here in this website
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00124-00031230-00031517 where we can have as a communication
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00125-00031518-00031793 tool in the visibility of the progress
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00126-00031794-00032027 of our investigation
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00127-00032027-00032249 everything have been said so thank you
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00128-00032250-00032470 for your time and here you can contact
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00129-00032472-00032711 us that's my email won't publish email
fbpBCDdEVQ0-00130-00032712-00033128 and Associates thanks again bye
feQ9CdZqs7I-00000-00000258-00000461 years are getting through the automatic
feQ9CdZqs7I-00001-00000462-00000676 defenses
feQ9CdZqs7I-00002-00000677-00000844 pick me up at the other end of the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00003-00000846-00001397 station
feQ9CdZqs7I-00004-00001398-00001558 why look like he's not going around
feQ9CdZqs7I-00005-00001559-00001954 while like he left me
feQ9CdZqs7I-00006-00001955-00002652 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00007-00002653-00002957 yeah what is good YouTube this is your
feQ9CdZqs7I-00008-00002958-00003173 boy LSG medley and I'm bringing you guys
feQ9CdZqs7I-00009-00003174-00003533 Jimmy Neutron Attack of the Twonky a lot
feQ9CdZqs7I-00010-00003534-00003683 of you guys probably don't even know
feQ9CdZqs7I-00011-00003684-00003904 what this game is
feQ9CdZqs7I-00012-00003905-00004199 because there was multiple PS2 like
feQ9CdZqs7I-00013-00004200-00004372 Jimmy Neutron games that came out but
feQ9CdZqs7I-00014-00004373-00004654 this one was my personal favorite I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00015-00004655-00004847 don't know why I was my favorite but
feQ9CdZqs7I-00016-00004848-00005225 this is just lit bro you feel me
feQ9CdZqs7I-00017-00005226-00005327 um
feQ9CdZqs7I-00018-00005328-00005483 I'm not gonna waste you guys too much
feQ9CdZqs7I-00019-00005484-00005668 time with this intro because I got some
feQ9CdZqs7I-00020-00005669-00005909 stuff to do myself because I'm about to
feQ9CdZqs7I-00021-00005910-00006088 just knock this out for you guys guys
feQ9CdZqs7I-00022-00006089-00006268 are liking the content please like And
feQ9CdZqs7I-00023-00006269-00006491 subscribe turn notification Bell on this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00024-00006492-00006989 is gonna be a page where I play a lot of
feQ9CdZqs7I-00025-00006990-00007253 old games bro like I'm hyped to be
feQ9CdZqs7I-00026-00007254-00007475 playing these you feel me I couldn't do
feQ9CdZqs7I-00027-00007476-00007691 it as a kid so I'ma do it now without
feQ9CdZqs7I-00028-00007692-00007834 further Ado About To Happen to this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00029-00007836-00008128 thing see you guys in the game
feQ9CdZqs7I-00030-00008129-00008351 and now to demonstrate the speed and
feQ9CdZqs7I-00031-00008352-00008596 movement of the typical Comet I give you
feQ9CdZqs7I-00032-00008597-00008873 the remote powered mini comic look at
feQ9CdZqs7I-00033-00008874-00009160 the size of his head bro why did they do
feQ9CdZqs7I-00034-00009161-00009419 Jimmy like that
feQ9CdZqs7I-00035-00009420-00009673 no neck but a big ass head
feQ9CdZqs7I-00036-00009674-00010523 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00037-00010524-00010709 will you tell me how I get a giant hot
feQ9CdZqs7I-00038-00010710-00010978 ball of gaseous radioactivity into the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00039-00010979-00011088 classroom
feQ9CdZqs7I-00040-00011089-00011345 that is like stop being a dick brought
feQ9CdZqs7I-00041-00011346-00011723 us Cindy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00042-00011724-00012124 that tickles oh no no not the face
feQ9CdZqs7I-00043-00012125-00012401 concludes my presentation thank you
feQ9CdZqs7I-00044-00012402-00012677 Mr Neutron you're lucky I'm in a good
feQ9CdZqs7I-00045-00012678-00012916 mood today and do you know why I am
feQ9CdZqs7I-00046-00012917-00013258 cause your mom passes some cheeks last
feQ9CdZqs7I-00047-00013259-00014153 night you got some ass
feQ9CdZqs7I-00048-00014154-00014380 and tell you your lunch is made with
feQ9CdZqs7I-00049-00014381-00014729 love oh stop talking
feQ9CdZqs7I-00050-00014730-00015083 no I'm happy because we'll ask them why
feQ9CdZqs7I-00051-00015084-00015275 and now you're yelling at them to shut
feQ9CdZqs7I-00052-00015276-00015505 up
feQ9CdZqs7I-00053-00015506-00015958 oh how exciting awesome now my singing
feQ9CdZqs7I-00054-00015959-00016157 sounds can be revealed to the whole
feQ9CdZqs7I-00055-00016158-00016366 world and apparently some other upstart
feQ9CdZqs7I-00056-00016368-00016679 band called gray star will be playing as
feQ9CdZqs7I-00057-00016680-00016763 well
feQ9CdZqs7I-00058-00016764-00016972 yeah
feQ9CdZqs7I-00059-00016973-00017411 oh my God that is so cool now kids quiet
feQ9CdZqs7I-00060-00017412-00017633 down thank you
feQ9CdZqs7I-00061-00017634-00017807 the auditions for the chorus will begin
feQ9CdZqs7I-00062-00017808-00017993 after school today as The Stadium
feQ9CdZqs7I-00063-00017994-00018280 opening is only a few days away well I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00064-00018281-00018550 hope to see everyone there at least The
feQ9CdZqs7I-00065-00018551-00019072 Talented ones I'll be there
feQ9CdZqs7I-00066-00019073-00019361 well I backed my lab and make purple for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00067-00019362-00019607 my trip to talk a story
feQ9CdZqs7I-00068-00019608-00019943 through August 3 the comet
feQ9CdZqs7I-00069-00019944-00020117 you know that you're talking to the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00070-00020118-00020311 wrong buddy I don't know why
feQ9CdZqs7I-00071-00020312-00020621 I don't know why Jimmy don't understand
feQ9CdZqs7I-00072-00020622-00020807 as smart as he is why don't he
feQ9CdZqs7I-00073-00020808-00021047 understand his friends are stupid I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00074-00021048-00021964 don't tell them like that
feQ9CdZqs7I-00075-00021965-00022450 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00076-00022451-00022967 Jimmy Neutron in a comet cometh
feQ9CdZqs7I-00077-00022968-00023417 she actually had a narrator wow
feQ9CdZqs7I-00078-00023418-00023680 I'm I'm impressed
feQ9CdZqs7I-00079-00023681-00023897 according to my calculations twank is
feQ9CdZqs7I-00080-00023898-00024421 three is finally coming into rain
feQ9CdZqs7I-00081-00024422-00024736 looks a little unstable these Graphics
feQ9CdZqs7I-00082-00024737-00025108 are good for old PS2 game bro like these
feQ9CdZqs7I-00083-00025109-00025313 are good
feQ9CdZqs7I-00084-00025314-00025541 all I need to do now is find the parts I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00085-00025542-00025744 need to fix my rocket ship and I can
feQ9CdZqs7I-00086-00025745-00026261 blast off
feQ9CdZqs7I-00087-00026262-00027149 right controlling
feQ9CdZqs7I-00088-00027150-00027652 what am I looking for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00089-00027654-00027995 oh Jimmy if you ever see the interact
feQ9CdZqs7I-00090-00027995-00028270 icon move close to it and press the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00091-00028272-00028564 triangle button to see what happens do
feQ9CdZqs7I-00092-00028566-00028870 this now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00093-00028872-00029170 Jimmy other objects you can interact
feQ9CdZqs7I-00094-00029172-00029440 with are now in the control room try
feQ9CdZqs7I-00095-00029441-00029662 them out and meet me in the lab when you
feQ9CdZqs7I-00096-00029663-00029974 are finished I really I I re I remember
feQ9CdZqs7I-00097-00029975-00030208 this but
feQ9CdZqs7I-00098-00030210-00030364 it's a lot
feQ9CdZqs7I-00099-00030366-00031439 yeah
feQ9CdZqs7I-00100-00031439-00031852 okay I knew there was something here
feQ9CdZqs7I-00101-00031854-00032105 he has a machine
feQ9CdZqs7I-00102-00032106-00032308 why are you making why do you have a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00103-00032310-00032801 machine that makes burps
feQ9CdZqs7I-00104-00032802-00032981 let me choose who's smart for his own
feQ9CdZqs7I-00105-00032982-00033209 good he doesn't even know what he want
feQ9CdZqs7I-00106-00033210-00033455 to make
feQ9CdZqs7I-00107-00033456-00033887 you just making anything now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00108-00033888-00034033 turn this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00109-00034034-00034637 wait do we leave now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00110-00034638-00034996 ah home sweet home where would a genius
feQ9CdZqs7I-00111-00034997-00035285 be without his lab now I need to find
feQ9CdZqs7I-00112-00035286-00035440 those parts
feQ9CdZqs7I-00113-00035441-00035633 wonder if I can find them in the lower
feQ9CdZqs7I-00114-00035634-00035939 levels
feQ9CdZqs7I-00115-00035940-00036185 the show as far as Rocket right you can
feQ9CdZqs7I-00116-00036186-00036424 control the camera with the right analog
feQ9CdZqs7I-00117-00036425-00036749 stick move the right analog stick left
feQ9CdZqs7I-00118-00036750-00037049 or right to rotate the camera try this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00119-00037050-00037493 now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00120-00037494-00037762 sometimes you may want to position the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00121-00037763-00038135 camera directly behind you press the L1
feQ9CdZqs7I-00122-00038136-00038633 button to do this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00123-00038634-00038896 excellent Jimmy now follow me to the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00124-00038897-00039383 next
feQ9CdZqs7I-00125-00039384-00039580 I know when we get a certain amount of
feQ9CdZqs7I-00126-00039581-00039899 Genius points we could make inventions
feQ9CdZqs7I-00127-00039900-00040067 that's what I really liked about this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00128-00040068-00041362 game
feQ9CdZqs7I-00129-00041363-00041609 you can collect objects when you walk
feQ9CdZqs7I-00130-00041610-00041939 over them pick up the object in front of
feQ9CdZqs7I-00131-00041940-00042605 you girls markers
feQ9CdZqs7I-00132-00042606-00042755 I'll that's the one thing I liked about
feQ9CdZqs7I-00133-00042756-00043439 this game the inventions
feQ9CdZqs7I-00134-00043440-00043852 now follow me oh
feQ9CdZqs7I-00135-00043853-00044080 I swear having braids
feQ9CdZqs7I-00136-00044081-00044362 a blessing sometimes it's good sometimes
feQ9CdZqs7I-00137-00044363-00044717 I don't know
feQ9CdZqs7I-00138-00044718-00045617 I think this one needs perfecting
feQ9CdZqs7I-00139-00045618-00045990 my head is always itching bro
feQ9CdZqs7I-00140-00045991-00046349 if you press the x button once you will
feQ9CdZqs7I-00141-00046350-00046702 do a normal jump press it a second time
feQ9CdZqs7I-00142-00046703-00046999 when you are in the air and you will
feQ9CdZqs7I-00143-00047000-00047615 jump jump now to reach the pickup
feQ9CdZqs7I-00144-00047616-00047999 little shoes
feQ9CdZqs7I-00145-00048000-00049008 little sketches
feQ9CdZqs7I-00146-00049009-00049324 a pair of sneakers I have found enough
feQ9CdZqs7I-00147-00049325-00049637 items to create an invention Jimmy press
feQ9CdZqs7I-00148-00049638-00049990 the R1 button to bring up the inventor
feQ9CdZqs7I-00149-00049991-00050315 face yes sir inventor face has four
feQ9CdZqs7I-00150-00050316-00050627 categories gizmos inventions super
feQ9CdZqs7I-00151-00050628-00050951 inventions and blueprints gizmos require
feQ9CdZqs7I-00152-00050952-00051292 two objects inventions need three
feQ9CdZqs7I-00153-00051294-00051635 objects super inventions require four
feQ9CdZqs7I-00154-00051636-00051766 objects
feQ9CdZqs7I-00155-00051767-00052061 press the up or down directional buttons
feQ9CdZqs7I-00156-00052062-00052373 to change category and press the x
feQ9CdZqs7I-00157-00052374-00052630 button to move across to the objects
feQ9CdZqs7I-00158-00052632-00052979 press the up or down directional buttons
feQ9CdZqs7I-00159-00052979-00053200 in each column to change available
feQ9CdZqs7I-00160-00053201-00053603 objects stop babying me I know I get it
feQ9CdZqs7I-00161-00053604-00053861 let's go
feQ9CdZqs7I-00162-00053862-00054185 if the pieces match up to create a new
feQ9CdZqs7I-00163-00054186-00054400 invention I should be able to leave a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00164-00054401-00055050 genius mark behind you
feQ9CdZqs7I-00165-00055051-00055775 to access the hypercube Cube press a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00166-00055776-00055979 age the directional buttons to scroll
feQ9CdZqs7I-00167-00055979-00056291 through your inventory select a gizmo
feQ9CdZqs7I-00168-00056291-00056597 thank you thank you interface button to
feQ9CdZqs7I-00169-00056598-00057041 use it great job Jimmy now explore the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00170-00057041-00057311 lab and follow me to see Goddard when
feQ9CdZqs7I-00171-00057312-00058030 you are ready
feQ9CdZqs7I-00172-00058032-00058192 what the hell did he even need to make
feQ9CdZqs7I-00173-00058194-00058492 these shoes for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00174-00058494-00059519 awesome a super invention piece yes sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00175-00059520-00060425 what is this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00176-00060426-00060875 what the I lost health
feQ9CdZqs7I-00177-00060876-00061480 we got it's masked over here for him
feQ9CdZqs7I-00178-00061482-00061738 sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00179-00061739-00062250 foreign
feQ9CdZqs7I-00180-00062251-00062530 oh this is the stuff to this is the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00181-00062532-00062692 stuff to um
feQ9CdZqs7I-00182-00062694-00063361 help Affairs rocket
feQ9CdZqs7I-00183-00063362-00063923 I think I got everything
feQ9CdZqs7I-00184-00063924-00064487 but what was this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00185-00064488-00065573 I think this one needs perfecting
feQ9CdZqs7I-00186-00065574-00065855 all right we need one more thing for his
feQ9CdZqs7I-00187-00065856-00066994 rocket
feQ9CdZqs7I-00188-00066995-00067606 Goddard I hear Goddard
feQ9CdZqs7I-00189-00067607-00067871 yes sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00190-00067872-00068038 sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00191-00068039-00068291 maybe Goddard can help you get that
feQ9CdZqs7I-00192-00068292-00069035 pickup Jimmy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00193-00069036-00069305 gotta get this flashlight though
feQ9CdZqs7I-00194-00069306-00069653 you have found a Goddard upgrade when
feQ9CdZqs7I-00195-00069654-00069887 you pick it up Goddard will have extra
feQ9CdZqs7I-00196-00069888-00070175 commands they will be available from
feQ9CdZqs7I-00197-00070176-00070337 your hypercube
feQ9CdZqs7I-00198-00070338-00070667 keep an eye out for more upgrade packs
feQ9CdZqs7I-00199-00070668-00071135 why don't you try them out now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00200-00071136-00072011 you get to I need this first though
feQ9CdZqs7I-00201-00072012-00072359 all right this should help me out
feQ9CdZqs7I-00202-00072360-00072815 right Goddard
feQ9CdZqs7I-00203-00072816-00073944 he can
feQ9CdZqs7I-00204-00073945-00074455 are you dead
feQ9CdZqs7I-00205-00074456-00075017 okay so he can help blow up
feQ9CdZqs7I-00206-00075018-00075538 he opened that for me
feQ9CdZqs7I-00207-00075539-00075749 how am I gonna make him how the hell am
feQ9CdZqs7I-00208-00075750-00076138 I gonna make him um
feQ9CdZqs7I-00209-00076139-00076373 oh oh
feQ9CdZqs7I-00210-00076374-00076576 and get something to weigh down the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00211-00076577-00076894 panel the gate
feQ9CdZqs7I-00212-00076895-00077332 to stay open
feQ9CdZqs7I-00213-00077333-00077794 I gotta come come
feQ9CdZqs7I-00214-00077795-00078479 I need him to get onto this thing
feQ9CdZqs7I-00215-00078480-00078929 I need him to get on on the panel
feQ9CdZqs7I-00216-00078930-00079103 is it open
feQ9CdZqs7I-00217-00079104-00079576 oh sit just sit then
feQ9CdZqs7I-00218-00079577-00079783 let me get this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00219-00079784-00079979 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00220-00079980-00080903 cool with this invention object
feQ9CdZqs7I-00221-00080904-00081041 what was he doing over here what was
feQ9CdZqs7I-00222-00081042-00081556 this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00223-00081557-00082235 boom
feQ9CdZqs7I-00224-00082236-00082894 all right
feQ9CdZqs7I-00225-00082895-00083411 make wait I can invent my rocket now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00226-00083412-00083681 what was the flashlight for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00227-00083682-00083987 oh calculator what the hell is he gonna
feQ9CdZqs7I-00228-00083988-00084676 do with a calculator and a flashlight
feQ9CdZqs7I-00229-00084677-00085361 a genius
feQ9CdZqs7I-00230-00085362-00085709 it was Goddard
feQ9CdZqs7I-00231-00085710-00086405 he's out of
feQ9CdZqs7I-00232-00086406-00087961 no it was something down here
feQ9CdZqs7I-00233-00087962-00088432 I wonder if I can write my name
feQ9CdZqs7I-00234-00088433-00089417 Jimmy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00235-00089418-00089615 all right let me not even make what I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00236-00089616-00089735 was gonna make
feQ9CdZqs7I-00237-00089736-00091115 oh we got a blueprint a blueprint Jimmy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00238-00091116-00091547 these plans should help
feQ9CdZqs7I-00239-00091548-00091900 good work Jimmy you have now completed
feQ9CdZqs7I-00240-00091901-00092123 all the tasks that you will need after
feQ9CdZqs7I-00241-00092124-00092429 you leave the lab I may come back to
feQ9CdZqs7I-00242-00092430-00092644 teach you some extra abilities at a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00243-00092645-00093635 later stage
feQ9CdZqs7I-00244-00093636-00094882 what genius IQ is through the roof
feQ9CdZqs7I-00245-00094883-00095194 Tony's I still need something one more
feQ9CdZqs7I-00246-00095195-00095531 piece to make my damn
feQ9CdZqs7I-00247-00095532-00095597 um
feQ9CdZqs7I-00248-00095598-00096076 what's it called
feQ9CdZqs7I-00249-00096077-00096371 what's it called to make um
feQ9CdZqs7I-00250-00096372-00097438 a rocket
feQ9CdZqs7I-00251-00097439-00097775 okay we we actually got everything
feQ9CdZqs7I-00252-00097776-00097889 let's go
feQ9CdZqs7I-00253-00097890-00098273 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00254-00098274-00098662 yes sir we got my rocket
feQ9CdZqs7I-00255-00098663-00099076 foreign
feQ9CdZqs7I-00256-00099077-00099544 cities
feQ9CdZqs7I-00257-00099545-00100073 oh the blueprints for his rocket
feQ9CdZqs7I-00258-00100074-00100824 sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00259-00100825-00101159 but I can invent with this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00260-00101160-00101771 not a lot of stuff already
feQ9CdZqs7I-00261-00101772-00101938 we got everything in here now is the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00262-00101939-00102149 best time to just dip out
feQ9CdZqs7I-00263-00102150-00102323 and we built the rocket already so we
feQ9CdZqs7I-00264-00102324-00102413 good
feQ9CdZqs7I-00265-00102414-00102749 okay time to go outside
feQ9CdZqs7I-00266-00102750-00102904 yeah we did everything because I think
feQ9CdZqs7I-00267-00102905-00103060 if you don't have everything he would
feQ9CdZqs7I-00268-00103061-00103604 have said something else
feQ9CdZqs7I-00269-00103605-00104740 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00270-00104741-00104963 sorry Carl I have a date with twonkers
feQ9CdZqs7I-00271-00104964-00105383 three three yep it's a comet that is
feQ9CdZqs7I-00272-00105383-00105760 entering Earth's orbitian
feQ9CdZqs7I-00273-00105761-00105995 I gotta run plunkist threes entering
feQ9CdZqs7I-00274-00105996-00106373 Earth's orbit in an hour
feQ9CdZqs7I-00275-00106374-00106552 so would I miss
feQ9CdZqs7I-00276-00106553-00106786 oh Jimmy's dating a comet and I have to
feQ9CdZqs7I-00277-00106788-00107008 go sniff animals
feQ9CdZqs7I-00278-00107009-00107278 and they say I'm the weird one I was
feQ9CdZqs7I-00279-00107279-00107447 just about to say that the way that
feQ9CdZqs7I-00280-00107448-00107693 sounded that making Sheen sound
feQ9CdZqs7I-00281-00107694-00108160 like the most normal one here
feQ9CdZqs7I-00282-00108161-00108551 yes sir we got that we got that a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00283-00108552-00109271 we got the a main
feQ9CdZqs7I-00284-00109272-00109552 sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00285-00109553-00110789 I wonder is the flight
feQ9CdZqs7I-00286-00110790-00111052 uh the flight the flight controls are
feQ9CdZqs7I-00287-00111053-00111736 inverted bro
feQ9CdZqs7I-00288-00111738-00112017 okay
feQ9CdZqs7I-00289-00112018-00113501 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00290-00113502-00113815 right
feQ9CdZqs7I-00291-00113816-00114089 I don't I don't remember necessarily
feQ9CdZqs7I-00292-00114090-00114299 playing this game I remember like
feQ9CdZqs7I-00293-00114300-00114575 because I was so young I used to just
feQ9CdZqs7I-00294-00114576-00114845 watch my cousins play a bunch of games I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00295-00114846-00115001 never actually
feQ9CdZqs7I-00296-00115002-00115739 play these hits myself
feQ9CdZqs7I-00297-00115740-00115966 better to land away from those defense
feQ9CdZqs7I-00298-00115967-00116134 systems that are firing at the meteor
feQ9CdZqs7I-00299-00116135-00116728 storm
feQ9CdZqs7I-00300-00116729-00116963 looks like there is zero gravity here
feQ9CdZqs7I-00301-00116964-00117184 one of those meteors must have knocked
feQ9CdZqs7I-00302-00117185-00117419 out the station's gravity system a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00303-00117420-00117586 tether will stop me from flying off
feQ9CdZqs7I-00304-00117588-00117773 until I can think of what I was about to
feQ9CdZqs7I-00305-00117774-00118189 say bro
feQ9CdZqs7I-00306-00118190-00118499 I was about to say he said there's zero
feQ9CdZqs7I-00307-00118500-00118733 gravity like bro you're in space
feQ9CdZqs7I-00308-00118733-00119201 what are you talking about
feQ9CdZqs7I-00309-00119202-00119728 somehow
feQ9CdZqs7I-00310-00119729-00119963 let me see if I collected everything
feQ9CdZqs7I-00311-00119964-00120136 Gizmo
feQ9CdZqs7I-00312-00120138-00120457 all right we
feQ9CdZqs7I-00313-00120458-00120940 yes sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00314-00120941-00121261 we got the Magnus shoes my guy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00315-00121263-00121949 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00316-00121950-00122447 right activate them right now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00317-00122448-00122747 sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00318-00122748-00123808 did I activate yeah it activated already
feQ9CdZqs7I-00319-00123809-00123995 oh no
feQ9CdZqs7I-00320-00123996-00124199 ears are getting through the automatic
feQ9CdZqs7I-00321-00124200-00124415 defenses
feQ9CdZqs7I-00322-00124416-00124583 pick me up at the other end of the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00323-00124583-00125134 station
feQ9CdZqs7I-00324-00125135-00125363 why look like he's not going around well
feQ9CdZqs7I-00325-00125364-00125771 like he left me
feQ9CdZqs7I-00326-00125772-00125999 oh I gotta hurry up before this before
feQ9CdZqs7I-00327-00126000-00126731 the sneakers run out
feQ9CdZqs7I-00328-00126732-00127913 what the hell was that
feQ9CdZqs7I-00329-00127914-00128540 foreign
feQ9CdZqs7I-00330-00128541-00129154 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00331-00129155-00130031 save some battery or whatever
feQ9CdZqs7I-00332-00130032-00130384 we got here
feQ9CdZqs7I-00333-00130385-00130649 if I can rewire the power I can shut off
feQ9CdZqs7I-00334-00130650-00131764 the laser turrets
feQ9CdZqs7I-00335-00131765-00132851 I did not mean to do that
feQ9CdZqs7I-00336-00132852-00133264 okay
feQ9CdZqs7I-00337-00133265-00133619 yes sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00338-00133620-00134363 Cottages winged it but here we go
feQ9CdZqs7I-00339-00134364-00134447 okay
feQ9CdZqs7I-00340-00134448-00134723 that has turned them on but now there's
feQ9CdZqs7I-00341-00134724-00134866 nothing protecting the space station
feQ9CdZqs7I-00342-00134867-00135077 from the meteors I better get to the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00343-00135078-00135364 fuel cells quickly
feQ9CdZqs7I-00344-00135365-00135593 saying that as is getting destroyed
feQ9CdZqs7I-00345-00135594-00136559 already
feQ9CdZqs7I-00346-00136560-00137177 how tall is Jimmy bro
feQ9CdZqs7I-00347-00137178-00138223 oh relax no no they're not
feQ9CdZqs7I-00348-00138224-00138739 supporting my weight I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00349-00138740-00139495 just made it
feQ9CdZqs7I-00350-00139496-00140999 wait what am I doing now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00351-00141000-00141407 yes sir that's it I now have enough
feQ9CdZqs7I-00352-00141408-00141671 for his internal monologue is
feQ9CdZqs7I-00353-00141672-00141940 like why does he keep announcing every
feQ9CdZqs7I-00354-00141941-00144293 little thing he do
feQ9CdZqs7I-00355-00144294-00144551 we make fun of Jimmy and his father for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00356-00144552-00144881 the shape of their heads but Jimmy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00357-00144882-00145151 mostly looks like his mother and he
feQ9CdZqs7I-00358-00145152-00145289 because
feQ9CdZqs7I-00359-00145290-00145559 um I think Hugh that's his name
feQ9CdZqs7I-00360-00145560-00145961 Jimmy's dad he has like a skinny like a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00361-00145962-00146327 skinny type of head
feQ9CdZqs7I-00362-00146328-00146645 um Jimmy's mom actually has the big head
feQ9CdZqs7I-00363-00146646-00146849 like the same shape
feQ9CdZqs7I-00364-00146850-00147077 we never talk about how big his mom's
feQ9CdZqs7I-00365-00147078-00147790 head is
feQ9CdZqs7I-00366-00147791-00148181 in for a nice soft Landing
feQ9CdZqs7I-00367-00148182-00148499 bark bark
feQ9CdZqs7I-00368-00148500-00149447 yes sir we still got that a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00369-00149448-00149764 well not a smooth Landing but a landing
feQ9CdZqs7I-00370-00149765-00149902 just the same
feQ9CdZqs7I-00371-00149903-00150131 now how are we going to find our way
feQ9CdZqs7I-00372-00150132-00150533 back after we collect our samples
feQ9CdZqs7I-00373-00150534-00150797 oh I get it when we're done exploring
feQ9CdZqs7I-00374-00150798-00150977 we'll let the music guide us back to the
feQ9CdZqs7I-00375-00150978-00151325 ship good idea boy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00376-00151326-00151577 all right
feQ9CdZqs7I-00377-00151578-00152033 we're finally here Goddard Adventure
feQ9CdZqs7I-00378-00152034-00152759 this is a big area I gotta make sure
feQ9CdZqs7I-00379-00152760-00152993 I gotta make sure like I know where I'm
feQ9CdZqs7I-00380-00152994-00153281 at and I don't get lost
feQ9CdZqs7I-00381-00153282-00153575 sliding on the damn ice
feQ9CdZqs7I-00382-00153576-00153778 it's this is going to be a very
feQ9CdZqs7I-00383-00153779-00155140 interesting one
feQ9CdZqs7I-00384-00155141-00155285 okay we gotta we're about to get a new
feQ9CdZqs7I-00385-00155286-00155639 command
feQ9CdZqs7I-00386-00155640-00156539 ones
feQ9CdZqs7I-00387-00156540-00157254 one great goddards digging abilities
feQ9CdZqs7I-00388-00157255-00157699 where are you
feQ9CdZqs7I-00389-00157700-00158285 okay boy excavate here
feQ9CdZqs7I-00390-00158286-00158531 all right this is unlocking a memory for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00391-00158532-00159559 me I remember this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00392-00159560-00159857 good job boy I think we're going to get
feQ9CdZqs7I-00393-00159858-00159990 our two
feQ9CdZqs7I-00394-00159991-00160528 a blue and a red one I think
feQ9CdZqs7I-00395-00160529-00160787 got another one
feQ9CdZqs7I-00396-00160788-00161075 great pack
feQ9CdZqs7I-00397-00161076-00161266 how does he throw this Goddard will
feQ9CdZqs7I-00398-00161267-00161464 bring it back for me guess I could use
feQ9CdZqs7I-00399-00161465-00162011 it to have him break through things
feQ9CdZqs7I-00400-00162012-00162197 how are you finding upgrades for your
feQ9CdZqs7I-00401-00162198-00162389 dog on a on a planet on a different
feQ9CdZqs7I-00402-00162390-00162911 planet
feQ9CdZqs7I-00403-00162912-00163325 that's going
feQ9CdZqs7I-00404-00163326-00163804 wrong
feQ9CdZqs7I-00405-00163805-00164081 why who's that good robot dog this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00406-00164082-00164381 froze hold on y'all
feQ9CdZqs7I-00407-00164382-00164549 all right so we're back um I had to
feQ9CdZqs7I-00408-00164550-00164693 restart the game because this was
feQ9CdZqs7I-00409-00164694-00164969 bugging out but
feQ9CdZqs7I-00410-00164970-00166499 hopefully don't do that again
feQ9CdZqs7I-00411-00166500-00167321 oh boy this don't do it again bro
feQ9CdZqs7I-00412-00167322-00167747 that good robot dog
feQ9CdZqs7I-00413-00167748-00167933 sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00414-00167934-00168340 right
feQ9CdZqs7I-00415-00168341-00168695 looks like a job for Goddard
feQ9CdZqs7I-00416-00168696-00170326 sir break this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00417-00170327-00170657 I think the next one gonna be blue
feQ9CdZqs7I-00418-00170658-00170981 either blue or green
feQ9CdZqs7I-00419-00170982-00171275 diamond
feQ9CdZqs7I-00420-00171276-00171584 oh something to build with
feQ9CdZqs7I-00421-00171585-00171814 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00422-00171815-00172007 see what can can I even can I invent
feQ9CdZqs7I-00423-00172008-00172469 something right now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00424-00172470-00173064 foreign
feQ9CdZqs7I-00425-00173065-00173455 yes sir
feQ9CdZqs7I-00426-00173456-00173981 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00427-00173982-00174226 by projecting light through a pure
feQ9CdZqs7I-00428-00174227-00174569 diamond or a result being used
feQ9CdZqs7I-00429-00174570-00175109 object hey
feQ9CdZqs7I-00430-00175110-00175601 to my inventions is
feQ9CdZqs7I-00431-00175602-00176164 I use this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00432-00176165-00177940 I need batteries for it
feQ9CdZqs7I-00433-00177941-00178204 all right we'll get it boy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00434-00178205-00178438 backpack backpack
feQ9CdZqs7I-00435-00178439-00178763 oh boy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00436-00178764-00179164 all right thank you
feQ9CdZqs7I-00437-00179165-00179566 that's the other one I need
feQ9CdZqs7I-00438-00179567-00179909 you begin so befuddled and flabbergasted
feQ9CdZqs7I-00439-00179910-00180916 by everything like
feQ9CdZqs7I-00440-00180917-00182099 how do I get up there though
feQ9CdZqs7I-00441-00182100-00182167 um
feQ9CdZqs7I-00442-00182168-00182790 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00443-00182791-00183087 what the hell is this for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00444-00183088-00183587 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00445-00183588-00183761 crystals give you a strange goal it
feQ9CdZqs7I-00446-00183762-00184661 should be interesting
feQ9CdZqs7I-00447-00184662-00185675 what the hell it is even for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00448-00185676-00187001 this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00449-00187002-00187264 he set the blast array what do I need to
feQ9CdZqs7I-00450-00187265-00187552 blast the Rave for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00451-00187553-00188843 oh this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00452-00188844-00189071 he could have killed himself just I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00453-00189072-00189473 should have been
feQ9CdZqs7I-00454-00189474-00189743 this is a job for Goddard
feQ9CdZqs7I-00455-00189744-00190235 I think
feQ9CdZqs7I-00456-00190236-00192557 boy fish
feQ9CdZqs7I-00457-00192558-00193613 all right that did not do anything
feQ9CdZqs7I-00458-00193614-00193985 now where is that last mineral site oh
feQ9CdZqs7I-00459-00193986-00194152 it's up there
feQ9CdZqs7I-00460-00194153-00194715 duh
feQ9CdZqs7I-00461-00194716-00195114 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00462-00195115-00195431 this game feels slippery like I how are
feQ9CdZqs7I-00463-00195432-00195761 you already up here well he can fly
feQ9CdZqs7I-00464-00195762-00198121 Goddard can fly I keep forgetting that
feQ9CdZqs7I-00465-00198122-00198461 okay I have all I need let's head back
feQ9CdZqs7I-00466-00198462-00199481 to the ship boy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00467-00199482-00200367 hey we just gotta listen for some music
feQ9CdZqs7I-00468-00200368-00201569 [Music]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00469-00201570-00202252 oh smack your face first is crazy
feQ9CdZqs7I-00470-00202253-00202414 all right we're gonna go back to Earth
feQ9CdZqs7I-00471-00202415-00202654 and then we're gonna we're gonna end it
feQ9CdZqs7I-00472-00202655-00202978 I think we're going back to Earth now
feQ9CdZqs7I-00473-00202979-00203866 he has everything he came for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00474-00203867-00204304 whoa
feQ9CdZqs7I-00475-00204305-00204749 [Applause]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00476-00204750-00205084 wow that was close I have to get to my
feQ9CdZqs7I-00477-00205085-00205307 ship if that thing destroys it follow s
feQ9CdZqs7I-00478-00205308-00205979 grounded here forever
feQ9CdZqs7I-00479-00205980-00206284 oh
feQ9CdZqs7I-00480-00206285-00207257 I have to hurry
feQ9CdZqs7I-00481-00207258-00207371 are we out
feQ9CdZqs7I-00482-00207373-00208327 [Applause]
feQ9CdZqs7I-00483-00208328-00209357 little Sports
feQ9CdZqs7I-00484-00209358-00209789 that was
feQ9CdZqs7I-00485-00209790-00210025 hey guys
feQ9CdZqs7I-00486-00210026-00210263 all right before we get too far in this
feQ9CdZqs7I-00487-00210264-00210641 bro I'm just gonna end it right here
feQ9CdZqs7I-00488-00210642-00210815 all right YouTube
feQ9CdZqs7I-00489-00210816-00210946 every guy tell me what you think about
feQ9CdZqs7I-00490-00210948-00211169 this game y'all um I had a good time I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00491-00211169-00211342 always have a good time
feQ9CdZqs7I-00492-00211344-00211558 I enjoy I enjoy making these videos for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00493-00211559-00211769 you guys I know I'm not that big of a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00494-00211769-00211996 Creator right now but eventually when I
feQ9CdZqs7I-00495-00211998-00212194 do get the following I want you guys to
feQ9CdZqs7I-00496-00212196-00212458 know that I'm always looking out for
feQ9CdZqs7I-00497-00212459-00212627 y'all and I'm gonna be
feQ9CdZqs7I-00498-00212628-00212789 playing what you guys want me to play
feQ9CdZqs7I-00499-00212790-00212981 like a lot of people who watch my videos
feQ9CdZqs7I-00500-00212982-00213142 now they don't comment
feQ9CdZqs7I-00501-00213144-00213329 no pressure about that though like we
feQ9CdZqs7I-00502-00213330-00213563 don't don't care saying like I'm trying
feQ9CdZqs7I-00503-00213564-00213682 to build a community I'm trying to get
feQ9CdZqs7I-00504-00213683-00213929 some game recommendations so hopefully
feQ9CdZqs7I-00505-00213930-00214192 the crowd that comes later on you guys
feQ9CdZqs7I-00506-00214194-00214439 you know will be more vocal about what
feQ9CdZqs7I-00507-00214440-00214627 you can see from me and stuff like that
feQ9CdZqs7I-00508-00214628-00215113 but without further Ado
feQ9CdZqs7I-00509-00215114-00215423 on always about that I'm always randomly
feQ9CdZqs7I-00510-00215423-00215608 dropping trying to drop multiple times a
feQ9CdZqs7I-00511-00215609-00215794 week but it's never a guarantee what
feQ9CdZqs7I-00512-00215796-00215969 days I'm actually gonna drop so it's
feQ9CdZqs7I-00513-00215969-00216208 just make sure that notification without
feQ9CdZqs7I-00514-00216209-00216551 further Ado see you guys in the next one
feQ9CdZqs7I-00515-00216552-00216958 thank you
feQ9CdZqs7I-00516-00216959-00217183 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00000-00000276-00000642 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00002-00005832-00007577 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00004-00010602-00010767 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00005-00010768-00013757 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00006-00013758-00014071 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00007-00014072-00016708 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00008-00016709-00016835 thank you
fgO20FfSC9u-00009-00016836-00016982 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00010-00016983-00017796 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00011-00017797-00019883 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00012-00019884-00020173 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00013-00020174-00020392 [Laughter]
fgO20FfSC9u-00014-00020393-00023093 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00015-00023094-00023687 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00016-00023688-00024689 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00017-00024690-00026993 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00018-00026994-00027348 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00020-00030486-00030986 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00021-00030987-00032297 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00022-00032298-00032583 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00023-00032583-00032686 [Applause]
fgO20FfSC9u-00025-00035813-00035920 foreign
fgO20FfSC9u-00026-00035921-00037703 [Music]
fgO20FfSC9u-00027-00037704-00038749 [Music]
fhXPltWLR3c-00000-00000064-00000271 beside the pursuit of happiness the
fhXPltWLR3c-00001-00000272-00000471 dream of most young boys is to figure
fhXPltWLR3c-00002-00000472-00000703 out how to make themselves likeable by
fhXPltWLR3c-00003-00000704-00000950 ladies it is one of the most pervasive
fhXPltWLR3c-00004-00000951-00001183 thoughts that young people entertain
fhXPltWLR3c-00005-00001184-00001423 all ladies are generally beautiful but
fhXPltWLR3c-00006-00001424-00001614 for guys beauty is not something they
fhXPltWLR3c-00007-00001616-00001879 excel in ladies typically find guys
fhXPltWLR3c-00008-00001880-00002126 attractive for their muscular features
fhXPltWLR3c-00009-00002127-00002375 and voice rather than facial looks how
fhXPltWLR3c-00010-00002376-00002550 then can a young man tell the things
fhXPltWLR3c-00011-00002551-00002750 that girls find unattractive to avoid
fhXPltWLR3c-00012-00002751-00003031 them according to business insider there
fhXPltWLR3c-00013-00003032-00003206 are things that make you instantly
fhXPltWLR3c-00014-00003207-00003431 unattractive and only a few of them are
fhXPltWLR3c-00015-00003432-00003703 related to your physical appearance so
fhXPltWLR3c-00016-00003704-00003870 for those of you forzing over belly
fhXPltWLR3c-00017-00003871-00004063 pouch there is so much more to
fhXPltWLR3c-00018-00004064-00004327 attractiveness than physical appearance
fhXPltWLR3c-00019-00004328-00004559 in today's video i'm going to share with
fhXPltWLR3c-00020-00004560-00004863 you 15 things girls find unattractive in
fhXPltWLR3c-00021-00004864-00004959 men
fhXPltWLR3c-00022-00004960-00005263 one always obsessing over the gym maybe
fhXPltWLR3c-00023-00005264-00005479 it's hard to dream every day and look
fhXPltWLR3c-00024-00005480-00005702 like brad pitts but no woman wants you
fhXPltWLR3c-00025-00005703-00005911 to look at her like she is getting
fhXPltWLR3c-00026-00005912-00006199 overweight or not eating a proper diet
fhXPltWLR3c-00027-00006200-00006454 just because you are it is natural for
fhXPltWLR3c-00028-00006455-00006655 guys who dream to want your girlfriends
fhXPltWLR3c-00029-00006656-00006959 or partner also to be feet but it is not
fhXPltWLR3c-00030-00006959-00007134 something that your partner has to
fhXPltWLR3c-00031-00007136-00007246 decide
fhXPltWLR3c-00032-00007247-00007495 using direct and indirect means to cross
fhXPltWLR3c-00033-00007495-00007727 any girl to readjust her lifestyle to
fhXPltWLR3c-00034-00007728-00008014 suit your taste is oppressive women find
fhXPltWLR3c-00035-00008015-00008263 it very unattractive they will feel like
fhXPltWLR3c-00036-00008264-00008487 you are interested in them only because
fhXPltWLR3c-00037-00008488-00008742 of their body and nothing else if you go
fhXPltWLR3c-00038-00008743-00008951 down that path it is not easy to come
fhXPltWLR3c-00039-00008952-00009183 back from it according to heart
fhXPltWLR3c-00040-00009184-00009391 sometimes a girl just want to eat pizza
fhXPltWLR3c-00041-00009392-00009646 in her pg's in peace without judging
fhXPltWLR3c-00042-00009647-00009863 stairs from her boyfriend don't make
fhXPltWLR3c-00043-00009864-00010110 your girlfriend feel uncomfortable
fhXPltWLR3c-00044-00010111-00010414 if you do you will be alone pretty fast
fhXPltWLR3c-00045-00010415-00010606 the sad part is that we live in a small
fhXPltWLR3c-00046-00010607-00010903 world what will spread if she leaves you
fhXPltWLR3c-00047-00010904-00011055 because she thinks you are only
fhXPltWLR3c-00048-00011056-00011263 interested in her body she would tell
fhXPltWLR3c-00049-00011264-00011495 her friends they too will tell their
fhXPltWLR3c-00050-00011496-00011599 friends
fhXPltWLR3c-00051-00011600-00011838 two having low self-esteem
fhXPltWLR3c-00052-00011839-00012046 low self-confidence is something women
fhXPltWLR3c-00053-00012047-00012223 do not like at all
fhXPltWLR3c-00054-00012224-00012438 imagine a guy who is pushed around by
fhXPltWLR3c-00055-00012439-00012703 everyone and listens to everyone such
fhXPltWLR3c-00056-00012704-00012902 people do not often have opinion of
fhXPltWLR3c-00057-00012903-00013158 their own how then will they protect the
fhXPltWLR3c-00058-00013159-00013383 lady when something goes wrong women
fhXPltWLR3c-00059-00013384-00013575 want to be with successful men and
fhXPltWLR3c-00060-00013576-00013758 people who don't have confidence cannot
fhXPltWLR3c-00061-00013759-00013999 be successful they can spot this right
fhXPltWLR3c-00062-00014000-00014222 away and will avoid you on the other
fhXPltWLR3c-00063-00014223-00014463 hand trying to build confidence to
fhXPltWLR3c-00064-00014463-00014743 impress a lady is lame it is better to
fhXPltWLR3c-00065-00014744-00014951 build confidence towards your dreams
fhXPltWLR3c-00066-00014952-00015215 than to impress anyone as you grow your
fhXPltWLR3c-00067-00015216-00015430 interest in such a person will fade and
fhXPltWLR3c-00068-00015431-00015655 if that was your driving force you would
fhXPltWLR3c-00069-00015656-00015775 lose them
fhXPltWLR3c-00070-00015776-00016015 but if you pick up your interest and
fhXPltWLR3c-00071-00016016-00016207 decide to make something out of your
fhXPltWLR3c-00072-00016208-00016558 life then you are on your way to success
fhXPltWLR3c-00073-00016559-00016750 people come and go but a purpose is
fhXPltWLR3c-00074-00016751-00016911 something that stays with you for the
fhXPltWLR3c-00075-00016912-00017135 rest of your life whoever didn't value
fhXPltWLR3c-00076-00017136-00017430 you has no place in your life right now
fhXPltWLR3c-00077-00017431-00017694 three having a poor sense of humor no
fhXPltWLR3c-00078-00017695-00017879 one wants to be with someone who is
fhXPltWLR3c-00079-00017880-00018150 serious all the time imagine going on
fhXPltWLR3c-00080-00018151-00018350 three dates with someone and nothing
fhXPltWLR3c-00081-00018351-00018567 made it to a few laughs it is probably
fhXPltWLR3c-00082-00018568-00018791 going to be a boring relationship if you
fhXPltWLR3c-00083-00018792-00019055 guys ever start one at all being able to
fhXPltWLR3c-00084-00019056-00019271 make your partner smile is the key to a
fhXPltWLR3c-00085-00019272-00019463 very fun relationship
fhXPltWLR3c-00086-00019464-00019711 what will the two of you do if you get
fhXPltWLR3c-00087-00019712-00019958 married and don't have kids yet talk
fhXPltWLR3c-00088-00019959-00020207 about boring things all day one of you
fhXPltWLR3c-00089-00020208-00020471 may become unfaithful as a young man it
fhXPltWLR3c-00090-00020472-00020735 is easy to get a sense of humor watch a
fhXPltWLR3c-00091-00020736-00020967 lot of movies and hang out with friends
fhXPltWLR3c-00092-00020968-00021175 don't be a loner you will learn
fhXPltWLR3c-00093-00021176-00021399 different types of humor the best part
fhXPltWLR3c-00094-00021400-00021647 is that you don't even have to make a
fhXPltWLR3c-00095-00021648-00021886 conscious effort you learn simply by
fhXPltWLR3c-00096-00021887-00022086 interacting with people don't make bad
fhXPltWLR3c-00097-00022087-00022263 jokes though they can also make you
fhXPltWLR3c-00098-00022264-00022511 unattractive it'll make it come off as
fhXPltWLR3c-00099-00022512-00022767 insensitive imagine making a joke about
fhXPltWLR3c-00100-00022768-00023047 a girl's gate even if she works funny
fhXPltWLR3c-00101-00023048-00023230 how is telling her that's supposed to
fhXPltWLR3c-00102-00023231-00023430 make you guys friends if you don't know
fhXPltWLR3c-00103-00023431-00023694 what to say just smile and say hi the
fhXPltWLR3c-00104-00023695-00023919 rest will work itself out
fhXPltWLR3c-00105-00023920-00024214 4. having a lazy attitude the right
fhXPltWLR3c-00106-00024215-00024455 attitude to work and life apparently
fhXPltWLR3c-00107-00024456-00024639 doesn't apply only to personal
fhXPltWLR3c-00108-00024640-00024871 self-development it applies a lot in
fhXPltWLR3c-00109-00024872-00025119 relationships a girl who thinks you are
fhXPltWLR3c-00110-00025120-00025414 always lazy will not find you attractive
fhXPltWLR3c-00111-00025415-00025646 imagine dating someone too lazy to wash
fhXPltWLR3c-00112-00025647-00025846 his clothes by putting them in a washing
fhXPltWLR3c-00113-00025847-00026150 machine or dating someone who is too
fhXPltWLR3c-00114-00026151-00026390 lazy to work hard for a promotion but
fhXPltWLR3c-00115-00026391-00026558 just want to remain in the same
fhXPltWLR3c-00116-00026560-00026807 apartment eat the same type of food and
fhXPltWLR3c-00117-00026808-00027023 watch the same tv shows
fhXPltWLR3c-00118-00027024-00027207 while there is something wrong with
fhXPltWLR3c-00119-00027208-00027455 watching your favorite tv show women
fhXPltWLR3c-00120-00027456-00027727 don't like men without ambition ambition
fhXPltWLR3c-00121-00027727-00027927 means that you have a dream and you're
fhXPltWLR3c-00122-00027927-00028167 willing to work towards it it also means
fhXPltWLR3c-00123-00028168-00028374 that your current status goal is not
fhXPltWLR3c-00124-00028375-00028623 permanent a hard working girl who works
fhXPltWLR3c-00125-00028624-00028895 10 hours a day at mckinsey will not date
fhXPltWLR3c-00126-00028895-00029151 a 40 years old man who has worked for 10
fhXPltWLR3c-00127-00029152-00029351 years and haven't even saved enough for
fhXPltWLR3c-00128-00029352-00029439 a car
fhXPltWLR3c-00129-00029439-00029831 5. dishonesty no one likes dishonesty it
fhXPltWLR3c-00130-00029832-00030095 is very easy to lie but no one enjoys
fhXPltWLR3c-00131-00030095-00030327 being lied to the position is the same
fhXPltWLR3c-00132-00030327-00030655 with women women finds lies unattractive
fhXPltWLR3c-00133-00030656-00030943 please don't lie to her for any reason
fhXPltWLR3c-00134-00030944-00031199 if she finds out they usually do she
fhXPltWLR3c-00135-00031200-00031446 will never trust you again imagine lying
fhXPltWLR3c-00136-00031447-00031623 about where you were and it turns out
fhXPltWLR3c-00137-00031624-00031790 you are with your ex
fhXPltWLR3c-00138-00031791-00032070 6. heavy smoking and drinking drinking
fhXPltWLR3c-00139-00032072-00032302 is a big problem in the world according
fhXPltWLR3c-00140-00032303-00032551 to medical news today at the global
fhXPltWLR3c-00141-00032552-00032767 level the team found that the total
fhXPltWLR3c-00142-00032768-00032999 volume of alcohol consumed per year
fhXPltWLR3c-00143-00033000-00033207 increased by as much as 70 percent
fhXPltWLR3c-00144-00033208-00033627 between 1990 and 2017 from 20
fhXPltWLR3c-00145-00033628-00034074 999 million liters per year to 35
fhXPltWLR3c-00146-00034075-00034374 676 million liters per year there's
fhXPltWLR3c-00147-00034375-00034543 really nothing wrong with a bottle of
fhXPltWLR3c-00148-00034544-00034815 bear once in a while but consistent
fhXPltWLR3c-00149-00034816-00035039 intake of alcohol has adverse health
fhXPltWLR3c-00150-00035040-00035302 consequences it can lead to liver
fhXPltWLR3c-00151-00035303-00035487 failure and numerous brain related
fhXPltWLR3c-00152-00035488-00035615 diseases
fhXPltWLR3c-00153-00035616-00035879 if you always have a bottle and a stick
fhXPltWLR3c-00154-00035880-00036079 of cigarette she will find you
fhXPltWLR3c-00155-00036080-00036335 unattractive men like this typically
fhXPltWLR3c-00156-00036336-00036615 heat weaving and rape them why would a
fhXPltWLR3c-00157-00036616-00036846 sane woman want to be with you
fhXPltWLR3c-00158-00036847-00037127 7. not having good manners laughing
fhXPltWLR3c-00159-00037128-00037351 loudly at a bar and coughing bottles
fhXPltWLR3c-00160-00037352-00037590 after bottle of bear is not going to win
fhXPltWLR3c-00161-00037591-00037846 you any awards no girl will want to hang
fhXPltWLR3c-00162-00037847-00038111 out with you if you behave this way if
fhXPltWLR3c-00163-00038112-00038311 you meet someone for the first time and
fhXPltWLR3c-00164-00038312-00038574 start making sexual advances what kind
fhXPltWLR3c-00165-00038575-00038702 of man are you
fhXPltWLR3c-00166-00038703-00038935 you need to behave yourself staying on
fhXPltWLR3c-00167-00038936-00039199 your own at a party or just observing
fhXPltWLR3c-00168-00039200-00039439 the scenery can get a girl's attention
fhXPltWLR3c-00169-00039440-00039639 faster than screaming on the top of your
fhXPltWLR3c-00170-00039640-00039830 voice and being a menace
fhXPltWLR3c-00171-00039831-00040143 8. throwing cash around so men have
fhXPltWLR3c-00172-00040144-00040359 already met their financial goals and
fhXPltWLR3c-00173-00040360-00040583 like to throw their money around that
fhXPltWLR3c-00174-00040584-00040830 type of behavior will not get you any
fhXPltWLR3c-00175-00040831-00041143 girlfriends only people who want to suck
fhXPltWLR3c-00176-00041144-00041383 you dry you need to understand people
fhXPltWLR3c-00177-00041384-00041623 like good things after all it is better
fhXPltWLR3c-00178-00041624-00041879 to meet someone and get to know them
fhXPltWLR3c-00179-00041880-00042118 without revealing your net worth
fhXPltWLR3c-00180-00042119-00042343 that way you know your real intentions
fhXPltWLR3c-00181-00042344-00042574 of being with you spending money on
fhXPltWLR3c-00182-00042575-00042855 expensive dinners and boasting will just
fhXPltWLR3c-00183-00042856-00043102 make you more and more unattractive to
fhXPltWLR3c-00184-00043103-00043239 serious people
fhXPltWLR3c-00185-00043240-00043535 9. taking longer to get ready women take
fhXPltWLR3c-00186-00043536-00043735 a long time to get ready if you're like
fhXPltWLR3c-00187-00043736-00044030 this too it can make you unattractive
fhXPltWLR3c-00188-00044031-00044262 she expects you to dress up faster and
fhXPltWLR3c-00189-00044263-00044415 then wait for her
fhXPltWLR3c-00190-00044416-00044639 also taking a shower for hours and
fhXPltWLR3c-00191-00044640-00044879 spending over 30 minutes dressing up can
fhXPltWLR3c-00192-00044880-00045118 be annoying especially because you are
fhXPltWLR3c-00193-00045119-00045415 not working on makeup or other beauty
fhXPltWLR3c-00194-00045416-00045679 rituals that usually take time
fhXPltWLR3c-00195-00045680-00045935 10. always talking about your previous
fhXPltWLR3c-00196-00045936-00046167 dates women actually prefer men that
fhXPltWLR3c-00197-00046168-00046407 have dated other women they are more
fhXPltWLR3c-00198-00046408-00046590 sure of themselves and are willing to
fhXPltWLR3c-00199-00046591-00046790 work on their new relationship to not
fhXPltWLR3c-00200-00046791-00047023 end up like the old one the trouble with
fhXPltWLR3c-00201-00047024-00047318 this is that sometimes the guy can start
fhXPltWLR3c-00202-00047319-00047543 making too many references to his other
fhXPltWLR3c-00203-00047544-00047839 relationships this actually makes you
fhXPltWLR3c-00204-00047840-00047967 unattractive
fhXPltWLR3c-00205-00047968-00048335 11. too much eggo men have a lot of eggo
fhXPltWLR3c-00206-00048336-00048511 but then there's a standard of
fhXPltWLR3c-00207-00048512-00048790 expectation that most women have one of
fhXPltWLR3c-00208-00048791-00048958 them is that the man's ego should not
fhXPltWLR3c-00209-00048959-00049151 prevent him from apologizing when he is
fhXPltWLR3c-00210-00049152-00049462 wrong if the man's ego is too much women
fhXPltWLR3c-00211-00049463-00049718 can find him unattractive no one wants
fhXPltWLR3c-00212-00049719-00049990 to be mistreated because of your ego
fhXPltWLR3c-00213-00049991-00050318 12 being too clingy and needy it is okay
fhXPltWLR3c-00214-00050319-00050551 to need help women need help too
fhXPltWLR3c-00215-00050552-00050655 sometimes
fhXPltWLR3c-00216-00050656-00050918 but women do not find men who need help
fhXPltWLR3c-00217-00050919-00051143 all the time attractive at all they are
fhXPltWLR3c-00218-00051144-00051375 like babies and no younger wants to play
fhXPltWLR3c-00219-00051376-00051614 murder to a boyfriend as a man you
fhXPltWLR3c-00220-00051615-00051775 shouldn't tell the woman all your
fhXPltWLR3c-00221-00051776-00052046 problems just work on them and only tell
fhXPltWLR3c-00222-00052047-00052302 her what she needs to know if she feels
fhXPltWLR3c-00223-00052303-00052559 you lack strength she might leave you
fhXPltWLR3c-00224-00052560-00052887 13. being a mommy's boy imagine a 30
fhXPltWLR3c-00225-00052888-00053071 year old who requires his mother's
fhXPltWLR3c-00226-00053072-00053271 opinion to decide his dress
fhXPltWLR3c-00227-00053272-00053550 shoots food and even the girl he would
fhXPltWLR3c-00228-00053551-00053766 date women don't like those type of men
fhXPltWLR3c-00229-00053767-00054087 at all 14. cursing all the time people
fhXPltWLR3c-00230-00054088-00054271 who always swear at the slightest
fhXPltWLR3c-00231-00054272-00054550 provocation are a bit unstoppable and
fhXPltWLR3c-00232-00054551-00054815 women find them very unattractive what
fhXPltWLR3c-00233-00054816-00055079 if his swearing is no more sufficient he
fhXPltWLR3c-00234-00055079-00055375 may actually go ahead and hit her women
fhXPltWLR3c-00235-00055376-00055559 look after themselves and will not be
fhXPltWLR3c-00236-00055560-00055711 with such a man
fhXPltWLR3c-00237-00055712-00055823 15.
fhXPltWLR3c-00238-00055824-00056071 always complaining no one likes people
fhXPltWLR3c-00239-00056072-00056303 who complain women do not like men who
fhXPltWLR3c-00240-00056304-00056526 complain people who complain carry
fhXPltWLR3c-00241-00056527-00056742 negative vibes and no one wants to
fhXPltWLR3c-00242-00056744-00057030 associate with that it is not easy to be
fhXPltWLR3c-00243-00057032-00057271 positive when things don't look good but
fhXPltWLR3c-00244-00057272-00057966 you have to try
fhXPltWLR3c-00245-00057967-00058176 you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00000-00000000-00000262 really exciting first ever psyllium con
fiFMH-MBlZo-00001-00000263-00000449 definitely not what we thought of we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00002-00000450-00000659 would be doing when we started cilia
fiFMH-MBlZo-00003-00000660-00000784 many years back
fiFMH-MBlZo-00004-00000785-00001097 so today I want to talk about the story
fiFMH-MBlZo-00005-00001098-00001337 of psyllium why we created it and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00006-00001338-00001511 highlight the people behind it because
fiFMH-MBlZo-00007-00001512-00001780 there's been a lot of friends
fiFMH-MBlZo-00008-00001782-00001967 who have now become family involved in
fiFMH-MBlZo-00009-00001968-00002176 this so let's let's tell the psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00010-00002177-00002368 story
fiFMH-MBlZo-00011-00002369-00002584 I will keep this super brief because you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00012-00002585-00002800 will hear a lot of end user talks today
fiFMH-MBlZo-00013-00002801-00003041 about selling what it does and so on but
fiFMH-MBlZo-00014-00003042-00003155 for those of you who've never heard
fiFMH-MBlZo-00015-00003156-00003304 about psyllium maybe this is the first
fiFMH-MBlZo-00016-00003305-00003569 time you even see this psyllium is evpf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00017-00003570-00003719 based networking security and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00018-00003720-00003893 observability while they deployed today
fiFMH-MBlZo-00019-00003894-00004204 and what a cncf project but this talk is
fiFMH-MBlZo-00020-00004205-00004451 really about the origins of psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00021-00004452-00004703 where did it get started why do you why
fiFMH-MBlZo-00022-00004704-00004985 do you why did we even create it
fiFMH-MBlZo-00023-00004986-00005219 this was the first comet
fiFMH-MBlZo-00024-00005220-00005561 way way back so December 2015 we started
fiFMH-MBlZo-00025-00005562-00005795 the psyllium project with a GitHub
fiFMH-MBlZo-00026-00005796-00006101 commit a very innocent we'll get to the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00027-00006102-00006238 to the founding team a little bit later
fiFMH-MBlZo-00028-00006239-00006472 on but be first before we even could
fiFMH-MBlZo-00029-00006473-00006701 create silly we actually had to go and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00030-00006702-00007055 work on ebpf because ebpf was not quite
fiFMH-MBlZo-00031-00007056-00007378 ready yet to essentially Implement what
fiFMH-MBlZo-00032-00007379-00007631 we had in mind with the sillim vision so
fiFMH-MBlZo-00033-00007631-00008033 we first worked on ebpf so what did ebpf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00034-00008034-00008321 come from what is what is even ebpf if
fiFMH-MBlZo-00035-00008322-00008489 you have never heard of ebpf it's
fiFMH-MBlZo-00036-00008490-00008669 actually pretty simple and basic right
fiFMH-MBlZo-00037-00008670-00008951 think of it as the JavaScript engine for
fiFMH-MBlZo-00038-00008952-00009292 the kernel it's kind of vague but that's
fiFMH-MBlZo-00039-00009293-00009487 really what it is right it is
fiFMH-MBlZo-00040-00009488-00009751 programmability for an operating system
fiFMH-MBlZo-00041-00009752-00010024 originally started out on the Linux side
fiFMH-MBlZo-00042-00010025-00010264 now we've heard even ported to Windows
fiFMH-MBlZo-00043-00010265-00010427 so it's becoming a generic
fiFMH-MBlZo-00044-00010428-00010642 programmability interface for operating
fiFMH-MBlZo-00045-00010643-00011045 system so we can actually run programs
fiFMH-MBlZo-00046-00011046-00011273 customize the operating system when
fiFMH-MBlZo-00047-00011274-00011453 certain events happen in the Linux
fiFMH-MBlZo-00048-00011454-00011699 kernel and that's exciting
fiFMH-MBlZo-00049-00011700-00011927 what did they start so there was a a
fiFMH-MBlZo-00050-00011928-00012160 startup called Plum grid all the way
fiFMH-MBlZo-00051-00012161-00012449 back 2014 called uh called call Plum
fiFMH-MBlZo-00052-00012450-00012695 grid you see the original team the crude
fiFMH-MBlZo-00053-00012696-00013049 air with pair Brandon and um and Alexa
fiFMH-MBlZo-00054-00013050-00013258 is
fiFMH-MBlZo-00055-00013259-00013505 they are essentially brought sodium or
fiFMH-MBlZo-00056-00013506-00013751 broad ebpf into the Linux kernel
fiFMH-MBlZo-00057-00013752-00014147 initially it quickly became a topic of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00058-00014147-00014338 interest and focus
fiFMH-MBlZo-00059-00014340-00014513 um Columbia was not the only company
fiFMH-MBlZo-00060-00014513-00014675 involved not the only team members
fiFMH-MBlZo-00061-00014676-00014885 involved we also see for example Daniel
fiFMH-MBlZo-00062-00014886-00015136 here in the Palm grid office together
fiFMH-MBlZo-00063-00015137-00015401 with with me discussing evpf we already
fiFMH-MBlZo-00064-00015402-00015616 had we had psyllium in mind at this
fiFMH-MBlZo-00065-00015618-00015844 point but we had to first develop ebpf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00066-00015845-00016030 further a little bit
fiFMH-MBlZo-00067-00016031-00016253 of course we cannot mention the story of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00068-00016254-00016505 evpf without Brandon Gregg many of you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00069-00016506-00016744 have probably seen one of his talks he
fiFMH-MBlZo-00070-00016745-00017063 was the person who coined the term evpf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00071-00017064-00017297 superpowers because it quickly became
fiFMH-MBlZo-00072-00017298-00017657 obvious how powerful ebpf would be so
fiFMH-MBlZo-00073-00017658-00017849 the question really was how do we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00074-00017850-00018035 actually use these superpowers what do
fiFMH-MBlZo-00075-00018036-00018275 we want to build and one of the first
fiFMH-MBlZo-00076-00018276-00018479 use cases that really made sense and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00077-00018480-00018671 that really showed the value of ebpf was
fiFMH-MBlZo-00078-00018672-00018850 flame graphs you see it on the on the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00079-00018851-00019144 screen here the ability to profile an
fiFMH-MBlZo-00080-00019145-00019414 application and figure out how much CPU
fiFMH-MBlZo-00081-00019415-00019607 is being used in which part of the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00082-00019608-00019793 application that definitely that was
fiFMH-MBlZo-00083-00019794-00019985 like one of the big first use case of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00084-00019986-00020344 ebpf where it became end user facing
fiFMH-MBlZo-00085-00020345-00020608 but it was always a lot of community
fiFMH-MBlZo-00086-00020609-00020807 patched around ebpf we see Daniel
fiFMH-MBlZo-00087-00020808-00021022 talking about ebpf we also see like
fiFMH-MBlZo-00088-00021023-00021203 Facebook being heavily involved in the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00089-00021204-00021461 early days of ebpf they even had a booth
fiFMH-MBlZo-00090-00021462-00021611 at one of the open source Summits you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00091-00021612-00021791 see a couple of dbpi maintainers here
fiFMH-MBlZo-00092-00021792-00022025 I'm discussing the complexity of the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00093-00022026-00022361 ebpf verifier that was ebpf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00094-00022362-00022594 today evpf is essentially part of a
fiFMH-MBlZo-00095-00022595-00022871 foundation and as part of as runtime is
fiFMH-MBlZo-00096-00022872-00023063 concerned a lot of it is being discussed
fiFMH-MBlZo-00097-00023064-00023327 in a variety of different different
fiFMH-MBlZo-00098-00023328-00023578 groups we see one example here of the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00099-00023579-00023927 Linux kernel ebpf group in this case
fiFMH-MBlZo-00100-00023928-00024107 it's actually still part of the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00101-00024108-00024353 networking track so we see David Miller
fiFMH-MBlZo-00102-00024354-00024544 here together with the rest of the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00103-00024545-00024772 networking subsystem discussing ebpf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00104-00024773-00024941 topics
fiFMH-MBlZo-00105-00024942-00025169 what about psyllium so when did psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00106-00025170-00025342 really get started we saw the first of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00107-00025343-00025577 we saw the date of the first commit
fiFMH-MBlZo-00108-00025578-00025793 who actually created it
fiFMH-MBlZo-00109-00025794-00025990 this is the psyllium founding team you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00110-00025991-00026183 see it quite innocent right there's
fiFMH-MBlZo-00111-00026183-00026470 actually at the 25 year birthday party
fiFMH-MBlZo-00112-00026472-00026735 of Linux you also see
fiFMH-MBlZo-00113-00026736-00026939 um an early presentation at iovisor
fiFMH-MBlZo-00114-00026939-00027137 Summit so on the founding team from left
fiFMH-MBlZo-00115-00027138-00027377 to right myself Daniel borkman modu
fiFMH-MBlZo-00116-00027377-00027635 Chola and Andre Martins and guess what
fiFMH-MBlZo-00117-00027636-00027833 we also got further bumped on this on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00118-00027833-00028090 this first ever picture I actually only
fiFMH-MBlZo-00119-00028091-00028349 noticed this now when uh when I when I
fiFMH-MBlZo-00120-00028350-00028595 looked at these pictures again
fiFMH-MBlZo-00121-00028595-00028811 this was the first ever psyllium design
fiFMH-MBlZo-00122-00028812-00029111 Summit we went to Switzerland into the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00123-00029112-00029302 mountains into the snow
fiFMH-MBlZo-00124-00029304-00029489 guess what this is the moment we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00125-00029489-00029668 realized that observability really
fiFMH-MBlZo-00126-00029669-00029896 matters because it was a horrible foggy
fiFMH-MBlZo-00127-00029897-00030185 day and the visibility was like zero so
fiFMH-MBlZo-00128-00030186-00030364 I guess we probably have to build into
fiFMH-MBlZo-00129-00030366-00030545 we'll have to build some observability
fiFMH-MBlZo-00130-00030545-00030820 features into psyllium as well
fiFMH-MBlZo-00131-00030822-00031018 this was the first conference talk the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00132-00031019-00031235 real one like a really big one
fiFMH-MBlZo-00133-00031236-00031570 um in uh in in Toronto Linux con
fiFMH-MBlZo-00134-00031572-00031901 was actually IPv6 only we wanted to be
fiFMH-MBlZo-00135-00031902-00032093 very very forward-looking and we wanted
fiFMH-MBlZo-00136-00032094-00032308 to build a Next Generation networking
fiFMH-MBlZo-00137-00032310-00032483 layer so it was intent based of course
fiFMH-MBlZo-00138-00032483-00032824 IPv6 only Built four four containers
fiFMH-MBlZo-00139-00032825-00033095 identity based and so on the IPv6 only
fiFMH-MBlZo-00140-00033096-00033299 we quickly Learned was a little bit on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00141-00033300-00033509 on the extreme side So eventually we had
fiFMH-MBlZo-00142-00033510-00033862 to add ipv4 support as well but
fiFMH-MBlZo-00143-00033863-00034073 psyllium is still still looks like this
fiFMH-MBlZo-00144-00034074-00034396 in the end the core design using ebpf is
fiFMH-MBlZo-00145-00034397-00034673 what we use today
fiFMH-MBlZo-00146-00034674-00034967 brings us to I surveillance right how
fiFMH-MBlZo-00147-00034968-00035140 did Ice surveillance get started how is
fiFMH-MBlZo-00148-00035141-00035440 it related to uh Solium co-founders are
fiFMH-MBlZo-00149-00035441-00035609 myself and Dan so let's look at this
fiFMH-MBlZo-00150-00035610-00035740 story because it's actually quite
fiFMH-MBlZo-00151-00035741-00035957 interesting as well and it tells part of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00152-00035958-00036167 the sodium story my background is in
fiFMH-MBlZo-00153-00036168-00036329 Linux kernel development I was at Reddit
fiFMH-MBlZo-00154-00036330-00036618 for 10 years working on the Linux kernel
fiFMH-MBlZo-00155-00036619-00037007 Dan was a startup called nicera working
fiFMH-MBlZo-00156-00037008-00037205 on open Waves which I was actually
fiFMH-MBlZo-00157-00037206-00037385 working on openv switch as well that's
fiFMH-MBlZo-00158-00037386-00037612 how Dan and I met for the first time we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00159-00037613-00037877 were essentially working on on openv
fiFMH-MBlZo-00160-00037878-00038021 switch
fiFMH-MBlZo-00161-00038022-00038411 then ebpf started to appear 2014
fiFMH-MBlZo-00162-00038412-00038657 I I joined Cisco for a couple of years
fiFMH-MBlZo-00163-00038658-00038885 and then we started psyllium so that's
fiFMH-MBlZo-00164-00038886-00039137 when we actually collaborated and then
fiFMH-MBlZo-00165-00039138-00039365 founded I surveillance after having
fiFMH-MBlZo-00166-00039366-00039623 created sodium together with um Andries
fiFMH-MBlZo-00167-00039624-00039912 and Horowitz who founded our first round
fiFMH-MBlZo-00168-00039913-00040133 Liz joined of course that was a big
fiFMH-MBlZo-00169-00040134-00040343 moment in the company
fiFMH-MBlZo-00170-00040344-00040685 still in became a cloud native or a cncf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00171-00040686-00040877 project and then we had a variety of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00172-00040878-00041201 Industry Giants coming in and joining
fiFMH-MBlZo-00173-00041202-00041680 the story and the journey of psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00174-00041681-00041867 in the beginning when we started
fiFMH-MBlZo-00175-00041868-00042071 Sicilian we really focused on the core
fiFMH-MBlZo-00176-00042072-00042346 networking problem of kubernetes
fiFMH-MBlZo-00177-00042347-00042695 networking layer 3 layer 4 on all the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00178-00042696-00043079 cloud providers as well as on-prem
fiFMH-MBlZo-00179-00043080-00043361 we went out of the world and essentially
fiFMH-MBlZo-00180-00043362-00043559 told this first story and this was the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00181-00043560-00043780 first really big talk where I think a
fiFMH-MBlZo-00182-00043781-00043924 lot of people have heard about psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00183-00043925-00044267 for the first time dockercon 2017. this
fiFMH-MBlZo-00184-00044268-00044489 is also when kubernetes started to go to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00185-00044490-00044590 go big
fiFMH-MBlZo-00186-00044591-00044687 um
fiFMH-MBlZo-00187-00044688-00044945 a lot of people still refer to this this
fiFMH-MBlZo-00188-00044946-00045155 to this initial demo like the Star Wars
fiFMH-MBlZo-00189-00045156-00045365 demo that we did back then it was
fiFMH-MBlZo-00190-00045366-00045485 definitely like one of the first big
fiFMH-MBlZo-00191-00045486-00045730 moments of psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00192-00045731-00045905 we quickly learned that we have to go
fiFMH-MBlZo-00193-00045906-00046096 beyond just providing networking so we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00194-00046097-00046252 added Network policy or network
fiFMH-MBlZo-00195-00046253-00046421 segmentation
fiFMH-MBlZo-00196-00046422-00046912 and as well as transparent encryption
fiFMH-MBlZo-00197-00046913-00047165 we also had visits so this case Batman
fiFMH-MBlZo-00198-00047166-00047405 visited us at an open source Summit you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00199-00047406-00047657 see early early team members Cynthia
fiFMH-MBlZo-00200-00047658-00047993 Thomas as well as Dan and myself
fiFMH-MBlZo-00201-00047994-00048377 taking a ride to a conference venue here
fiFMH-MBlZo-00202-00048378-00048599 of course the company started to grow so
fiFMH-MBlZo-00203-00048600-00048790 we got our first offices
fiFMH-MBlZo-00204-00048791-00049049 um you see Martinez actually the author
fiFMH-MBlZo-00205-00049050-00049230 of The Cube proxy replacement feature
fiFMH-MBlZo-00206-00049231-00049630 ironing the psyllium back wall that we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00207-00049631-00049780 took back from one of the conference
fiFMH-MBlZo-00208-00049781-00049996 venues as well as we actually got the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00209-00049997-00050146 first logo
fiFMH-MBlZo-00210-00050147-00050345 um or like if we actually changed our
fiFMH-MBlZo-00211-00050346-00050483 logo in the beginning the psyllium logo
fiFMH-MBlZo-00212-00050484-00050680 was slightly different at some point we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00213-00050681-00050861 figured this is getting bigger we need
fiFMH-MBlZo-00214-00050862-00051040 to think about the real logo so we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00215-00051041-00051257 designed the psyllium logo as we know it
fiFMH-MBlZo-00216-00051258-00051526 today
fiFMH-MBlZo-00217-00051527-00051766 I mentioned observability so the next
fiFMH-MBlZo-00218-00051767-00051994 big feature we added is hobble which
fiFMH-MBlZo-00219-00051995-00052223 brings observability functionality into
fiFMH-MBlZo-00220-00052224-00052529 psyllium so we gained flow logs metrics
fiFMH-MBlZo-00221-00052529-00052937 and troubleshooting capabilities
fiFMH-MBlZo-00222-00052938-00053165 with Hubble of course we gained Hubble
fiFMH-MBlZo-00223-00053166-00053447 UI the graphical visualization of Hubble
fiFMH-MBlZo-00224-00053448-00053699 as well as the network policy Editor to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00225-00053700-00053899 manage and visualize Network policies
fiFMH-MBlZo-00226-00053900-00054425 and to actually maintain them
fiFMH-MBlZo-00227-00054426-00054635 we kept on growing
fiFMH-MBlZo-00228-00054636-00054911 you see the booth that we have I think
fiFMH-MBlZo-00229-00054912-00055103 this was already kubecon Yes this was
fiFMH-MBlZo-00230-00055104-00055259 the first tubecon video like the second
fiFMH-MBlZo-00231-00055260-00055529 or third cubecon we did psyllium passed
fiFMH-MBlZo-00232-00055529-00055673 two thousand stars and because we were
fiFMH-MBlZo-00233-00055674-00055823 engineers we didn't actually celebrate
fiFMH-MBlZo-00234-00055824-00056147 the 2000 of course to 2048 we were in
fiFMH-MBlZo-00235-00056148-00056375 we're we're Engineers after all right
fiFMH-MBlZo-00236-00056376-00056603 you also see Michi and Joe too early
fiFMH-MBlZo-00237-00056604-00056897 selling maintainers in this picture
fiFMH-MBlZo-00238-00056898-00057161 cluster mesh we added the ability to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00239-00057162-00057365 connect multiple kubernetes Clauses
fiFMH-MBlZo-00240-00057366-00057587 together I think all the way back in
fiFMH-MBlZo-00241-00057588-00057809 2018 when we first talked about this at
fiFMH-MBlZo-00242-00057810-00058019 qcon it was a little bit early on for
fiFMH-MBlZo-00243-00058020-00058325 today this is a major feature many
fiFMH-MBlZo-00244-00058326-00058541 selling users are used it's the ability
fiFMH-MBlZo-00245-00058541-00058744 to connect clusters without actually
fiFMH-MBlZo-00246-00058745-00058930 federating the kubernetes Clauses
fiFMH-MBlZo-00247-00058932-00059135 themselves so they can keep separate and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00248-00059136-00059291 independent and psyllium crates
fiFMH-MBlZo-00249-00059291-00059513 essentially like a data plane below
fiFMH-MBlZo-00250-00059514-00059735 allowing all the parts to actually talk
fiFMH-MBlZo-00251-00059736-00059897 to each other doing Services covering
fiFMH-MBlZo-00252-00059898-00060107 Network policy encryption Hubble and so
fiFMH-MBlZo-00253-00060108-00060226 on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00254-00060227-00060454 we also added the load balancer the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00255-00060455-00060653 standard load load balancer that can sit
fiFMH-MBlZo-00256-00060654-00060857 outside of psyllium and feed traffic
fiFMH-MBlZo-00257-00060858-00061066 into a cluster
fiFMH-MBlZo-00258-00061067-00061349 of course our Swiss Roots always lived
fiFMH-MBlZo-00259-00061350-00061649 on so we see a fondue that we did in
fiFMH-MBlZo-00260-00061650-00061925 Palo Alto in an Airbnb we also see glip
fiFMH-MBlZo-00261-00061926-00062219 one of the Hubble maintainers skiing we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00262-00062220-00062513 see the famous snow chain incident on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00263-00062514-00062747 the ulier pass a couple of team members
fiFMH-MBlZo-00264-00062748-00062932 wanted to go skiing a little bit earlier
fiFMH-MBlZo-00265-00062933-00063100 so they said yeah we will go really
fiFMH-MBlZo-00266-00063101-00063353 early took a car and then they had to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00267-00063354-00063592 mount snow chains you can also see the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00268-00063594-00063809 typical engineering setup here like
fiFMH-MBlZo-00269-00063810-00063976 mounting the snow chains so two
fiFMH-MBlZo-00270-00063977-00064126 Engineers are trying to figure it out
fiFMH-MBlZo-00271-00064127-00064288 without reading the manual
fiFMH-MBlZo-00272-00064289-00064559 one is recording the video of it and the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00273-00064560-00064715 product manager is looking up the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00274-00064716-00065021 tutorial on YouTube how to how to how to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00275-00065022-00065326 mount an objects
fiFMH-MBlZo-00276-00065327-00065567 then things got crazy like psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00277-00065568-00065800 joined to cncf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00278-00065801-00066047 AWS picked sodium for ecsa and Google
fiFMH-MBlZo-00279-00066048-00066365 pixelium for antos and GK this is when
fiFMH-MBlZo-00280-00066366-00066497 we realized well this is actually
fiFMH-MBlZo-00281-00066498-00066773 becoming real this is becoming big we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00282-00066774-00066929 may have created something that actually
fiFMH-MBlZo-00283-00066930-00067126 works
fiFMH-MBlZo-00284-00067127-00067288 this was a time when we talked about
fiFMH-MBlZo-00285-00067289-00067517 tetragon and introduced tetragon to the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00286-00067518-00067829 sodium Family Security observability and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00287-00067830-00068069 runtime enforcement tetragon is the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00288-00068070-00068309 ability to run an ancient ebpf based on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00289-00068310-00068482 all the nodes gain security
fiFMH-MBlZo-00290-00068483-00068717 observability both on the network as
fiFMH-MBlZo-00291-00068718-00068944 well as on the runtime side and also
fiFMH-MBlZo-00292-00068945-00069250 enforce runtime rules so essentially
fiFMH-MBlZo-00293-00069251-00069467 with this we added runtime enforcement
fiFMH-MBlZo-00294-00069468-00069647 what a pod what a container what a
fiFMH-MBlZo-00295-00069648-00069844 process can do as well as runtime
fiFMH-MBlZo-00296-00069845-00070055 observability or security observability
fiFMH-MBlZo-00297-00070056-00070282 what system calls are going on what
fiFMH-MBlZo-00298-00070283-00070469 files are being accessed what privilege
fiFMH-MBlZo-00299-00070470-00070900 escalations are happening and so on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00300-00070901-00071135 of course the team Spirits always were
fiFMH-MBlZo-00301-00071136-00071399 always high we see Duffy cooling
fiFMH-MBlZo-00302-00071400-00071621 barbecuing you see the summer hike of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00303-00071622-00071831 the psyllium Europe team the U.S team
fiFMH-MBlZo-00304-00071832-00071999 was taking it a little bit more chilled
fiFMH-MBlZo-00305-00072000-00072256 CI testing floating equipment in this
fiFMH-MBlZo-00306-00072257-00072629 case on a river
fiFMH-MBlZo-00307-00072630-00072797 big news
fiFMH-MBlZo-00308-00072798-00073103 um Cillian came to vendors and ebpf came
fiFMH-MBlZo-00309-00073104-00073373 to Windows and I think that was a moment
fiFMH-MBlZo-00310-00073374-00073588 when we started to understand that ebpf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00311-00073589-00073763 dbpf movement is now becoming
fiFMH-MBlZo-00312-00073764-00073955 industry-wide it's no longer a Linux
fiFMH-MBlZo-00313-00073956-00074105 specific
fiFMH-MBlZo-00314-00074106-00074459 um kind of tech so I think ebpf on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00315-00074460-00074741 Windows will definitely standardize evpf
fiFMH-MBlZo-00316-00074742-00074975 as a I would say an infrastructure land
fiFMH-MBlZo-00317-00074976-00075406 language overall not just for Linux and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00318-00075407-00075676 we're of course super excited about uh
fiFMH-MBlZo-00319-00075677-00075965 primer like absolute first class citizen
fiFMH-MBlZo-00320-00075966-00076385 support on Azure with psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00321-00076386-00076576 we're also super excited about the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00322-00076577-00076756 grafana partnership that happened last
fiFMH-MBlZo-00323-00076757-00076949 year grafana labs and I surveillance
fiFMH-MBlZo-00324-00076950-00077176 partnered together and this is bringing
fiFMH-MBlZo-00325-00077177-00077441 a lot of amazing of Honor dashboards to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00326-00077442-00077675 the psyllium ecosystem were a bunch of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00327-00077676-00077849 Kernel Engineers we often struggle a
fiFMH-MBlZo-00328-00077850-00077987 little bit with dashboards and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00329-00077988-00078143 visualizations we're really good at
fiFMH-MBlZo-00330-00078144-00078388 moving Network package really fast we're
fiFMH-MBlZo-00331-00078389-00078599 really good at gaining observability
fiFMH-MBlZo-00332-00078600-00078941 deep in the system we may be less ideal
fiFMH-MBlZo-00333-00078942-00079115 to create the actual dashboards so
fiFMH-MBlZo-00334-00079116-00079288 grafana partnership has really helped us
fiFMH-MBlZo-00335-00079289-00079553 to visualize all the data we are
fiFMH-MBlZo-00336-00079554-00079744 gathering so this is natively integrated
fiFMH-MBlZo-00337-00079745-00080056 into Hubble UI Hubble CLI and of course
fiFMH-MBlZo-00338-00080057-00080405 is part of the grafana ecosystem
fiFMH-MBlZo-00339-00080406-00080591 of course we kept growing as a company
fiFMH-MBlZo-00340-00080592-00080765 when I first saw this picture I was like
fiFMH-MBlZo-00341-00080766-00080956 wow we have actually grown quite a bit
fiFMH-MBlZo-00342-00080957-00081262 because this was just after the after
fiFMH-MBlZo-00343-00081263-00081497 the um covet
fiFMH-MBlZo-00344-00081498-00081665 um so we were all used to just being on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00345-00081666-00081809 Zoom so actually seeing like a group
fiFMH-MBlZo-00346-00081810-00082091 picture was like Wow but which isn't we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00347-00082092-00082312 didn't just keep growing we also kept
fiFMH-MBlZo-00348-00082313-00082637 skiing of course
fiFMH-MBlZo-00349-00082638-00082985 the team kept growing um you see Bill
fiFMH-MBlZo-00350-00082986-00083237 psyllium Community pollinator in the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00351-00083238-00083459 official or semi-official isawayland
fiFMH-MBlZo-00352-00083460-00083717 work uniform skiing but of course we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00353-00083718-00083843 also did all the things we watched Star
fiFMH-MBlZo-00354-00083844-00084125 Wars we did cross-counter skiing and so
fiFMH-MBlZo-00355-00084126-00084341 on so lots of fun being being had while
fiFMH-MBlZo-00356-00084342-00084712 we while we grew the company
fiFMH-MBlZo-00357-00084713-00084935 last year we also introduced psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00358-00084936-00085235 service mesh a lot of the feedback from
fiFMH-MBlZo-00359-00085236-00085373 the community was
fiFMH-MBlZo-00360-00085374-00085588 sillim is awesome can you bring that
fiFMH-MBlZo-00361-00085589-00085787 awesome experience to Performance the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00362-00085788-00086021 Simplicity the scale can you bring that
fiFMH-MBlZo-00363-00086022-00086332 to service mesh I said okay but why
fiFMH-MBlZo-00364-00086333-00086488 there are so many service meshes out
fiFMH-MBlZo-00365-00086489-00086650 there already why do we need yet another
fiFMH-MBlZo-00366-00086651-00086831 one and then the feedback was very clear
fiFMH-MBlZo-00367-00086832-00087094 can you get rid of this side call proxy
fiFMH-MBlZo-00368-00087095-00087281 that is definitely like we love the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00369-00087282-00087449 service mesh functionality we would love
fiFMH-MBlZo-00370-00087450-00087694 to have it more transparent just part of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00371-00087695-00087875 the infrastructure without a cycle proxy
fiFMH-MBlZo-00372-00087876-00088097 so we launched psyllium service mesh
fiFMH-MBlZo-00373-00088098-00088325 early last year and it was an immediate
fiFMH-MBlZo-00374-00088326-00088582 hit to the point where we now have other
fiFMH-MBlZo-00375-00088583-00088805 sidecar free service meshes out there as
fiFMH-MBlZo-00376-00088806-00089050 well which is awesome
fiFMH-MBlZo-00377-00089051-00089249 so sorry smash really completed the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00378-00089250-00089435 picture because we're now able to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00379-00089436-00089753 essentially not only do layer 7 aware
fiFMH-MBlZo-00380-00089754-00089956 firewalling which is what we had before
fiFMH-MBlZo-00381-00089957-00090197 we can now also do layer 7 load
fiFMH-MBlZo-00382-00090198-00090605 balancing tracing mtls and API Gateway
fiFMH-MBlZo-00383-00090606-00090850 functionality using the Gateway API
fiFMH-MBlZo-00384-00090851-00091211 kubernetes standard
fiFMH-MBlZo-00385-00091212-00091549 so we don't always choose ski
fiFMH-MBlZo-00386-00091550-00091787 sometimes we also bike
fiFMH-MBlZo-00387-00091788-00092035 you see less spiking here
fiFMH-MBlZo-00388-00092036-00092297 and of course the the psyllium team
fiFMH-MBlZo-00389-00092298-00092476 round in the Swiss mountains as well as
fiFMH-MBlZo-00390-00092477-00092885 Sebastian one of the hobble maintainers
fiFMH-MBlZo-00391-00092886-00093256 if we cannot ski and cannot bike we have
fiFMH-MBlZo-00392-00093257-00093526 to walk so if I if everything else we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00393-00093527-00093755 walk you see Quentin here you see the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00394-00093756-00094259 team after a nice group hike
fiFMH-MBlZo-00395-00094260-00094505 what is next so we saw like the story up
fiFMH-MBlZo-00396-00094506-00094667 to this point and silim has grown quite
fiFMH-MBlZo-00397-00094668-00095099 a bit what is the next step for psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00398-00095100-00095549 it's evpf 2.0 right with X like ebpf for
fiFMH-MBlZo-00399-00095550-00095837 excel
fiFMH-MBlZo-00400-00095838-00096215 I'm not hearing any complaints
fiFMH-MBlZo-00401-00096216-00096412 no check let's let's check the date
fiFMH-MBlZo-00402-00096413-00096623 that's obviously it was our full April's
fiFMH-MBlZo-00403-00096624-00096856 full choke this year
fiFMH-MBlZo-00404-00096857-00097049 so what is it
fiFMH-MBlZo-00405-00097050-00097241 there's a couple of items I think that
fiFMH-MBlZo-00406-00097242-00097450 are pretty obvious of mtls support for
fiFMH-MBlZo-00407-00097451-00097667 Network policy is one of the next big
fiFMH-MBlZo-00408-00097668-00097841 features that are coming this is the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00409-00097842-00098068 ability to seamlessly roll out empty
fiFMH-MBlZo-00410-00098069-00098321 less across your clusters
fiFMH-MBlZo-00411-00098322-00098597 spiffy based without any additional
fiFMH-MBlZo-00412-00098598-00098818 complexity you essentially use Network
fiFMH-MBlZo-00413-00098819-00099191 policy thank you you essentially use
fiFMH-MBlZo-00414-00099192-00099406 Network policy and you add two lines to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00415-00099407-00099629 your yaml which says that authentication
fiFMH-MBlZo-00416-00099630-00099881 is now required and this triggers
fiFMH-MBlZo-00417-00099882-00100181 everything in the back and generates the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00418-00100182-00100409 certificates handles them and make sure
fiFMH-MBlZo-00419-00100410-00100606 that Network segmentation is now not
fiFMH-MBlZo-00420-00100607-00100750 only implemented at the network level
fiFMH-MBlZo-00421-00100751-00100961 the packet level but also requires
fiFMH-MBlZo-00422-00100962-00101165 strong Authentication
fiFMH-MBlZo-00423-00101166-00101374 of course as part of this we're Integra
fiFMH-MBlZo-00424-00101375-00101681 integrating with spiffy and spire
fiFMH-MBlZo-00425-00101682-00101897 this will also bring the ability to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00426-00101898-00102185 select workloads based on spiffy IDs
fiFMH-MBlZo-00427-00102186-00102341 right now we're of course supporting
fiFMH-MBlZo-00428-00102342-00102599 service accounts labels namespace names
fiFMH-MBlZo-00429-00102600-00102808 and so on with this integration we're
fiFMH-MBlZo-00430-00102809-00103018 now also adding the ability to select on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00431-00103019-00103306 spiffy IDs and then a lot of day two
fiFMH-MBlZo-00432-00103307-00103528 operational Focus psyllium is getting
fiFMH-MBlZo-00433-00103529-00103744 rolled out everywhere which means we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00434-00103745-00103936 want to make sure that you have the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00435-00103938-00104080 right Tools in your hands to actually
fiFMH-MBlZo-00436-00104081-00104363 operate psyllium at day two of course
fiFMH-MBlZo-00437-00104364-00104554 the grafana partnership and the grafana
fiFMH-MBlZo-00438-00104555-00104794 collaboration helps a ton just from a
fiFMH-MBlZo-00439-00104795-00104999 observability perspective what we want
fiFMH-MBlZo-00440-00105000-00105251 to do more than this
fiFMH-MBlZo-00441-00105252-00105563 and there's one more big feature that we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00442-00105564-00105815 are working on that we are announcing
fiFMH-MBlZo-00443-00105816-00106019 today it's essentially a natural
fiFMH-MBlZo-00444-00106020-00106307 evolution of psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00445-00106308-00106463 cilia mesh
fiFMH-MBlZo-00446-00106464-00106823 one mesh to connect them all
fiFMH-MBlZo-00447-00106824-00107069 silly mesh is essentially if you look at
fiFMH-MBlZo-00448-00107070-00107201 the history of psyllium we had
fiFMH-MBlZo-00449-00107202-00107436 kubernetes networking we added
fiFMH-MBlZo-00450-00107438-00107651 multi-cluster networking with cluster
fiFMH-MBlZo-00451-00107652-00107813 mesh which was connecting multiple
fiFMH-MBlZo-00452-00107814-00108119 clusters together the clear ask from
fiFMH-MBlZo-00453-00108120-00108454 users customers was bring this to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00454-00108455-00108647 outside of kubernetes as well we won't
fiFMH-MBlZo-00455-00108648-00108889 use identity based security we won't use
fiFMH-MBlZo-00456-00108890-00109145 observability ceiling based but for
fiFMH-MBlZo-00457-00109146-00109481 virtual machines for servers everywhere
fiFMH-MBlZo-00458-00109482-00109781 so we're bringing silly and mesh
fiFMH-MBlZo-00459-00109782-00110134 which essentially involves a new Transit
fiFMH-MBlZo-00460-00110135-00110249 Gateway
fiFMH-MBlZo-00461-00110250-00110554 that allows to connect virtual machines
fiFMH-MBlZo-00462-00110555-00110831 servers existing networks into the silly
fiFMH-MBlZo-00463-00110832-00111125 mesh before this we were only able to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00464-00111126-00111377 either run on kubernetes worker nodes or
fiFMH-MBlZo-00465-00111378-00111551 run the silly machine on a virtual
fiFMH-MBlZo-00466-00111552-00111652 machine
fiFMH-MBlZo-00467-00111653-00111833 we have silly mesh we can now actually
fiFMH-MBlZo-00468-00111833-00112247 deploy a Gateway a router into an
fiFMH-MBlZo-00469-00112248-00112439 existing Network into a VPC into
fiFMH-MBlZo-00470-00112440-00112684 non-prem Network and connect your
fiFMH-MBlZo-00471-00112685-00112823 existing workload to your existing
fiFMH-MBlZo-00472-00112824-00113002 networks along with it
fiFMH-MBlZo-00473-00113003-00113321 so this essentially combines all the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00474-00113322-00113566 existing components of psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00475-00113567-00113801 kubernetes networking the CNR layer
fiFMH-MBlZo-00476-00113802-00114047 cluster mesh the Ingress and egress
fiFMH-MBlZo-00477-00114048-00114263 Gateway as well as the low balance and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00478-00114264-00114628 service mesh into one mesh that makes or
fiFMH-MBlZo-00479-00114629-00114839 is able to connect workloads whether
fiFMH-MBlZo-00480-00114840-00115181 it's in inside of a kubernetes cluster
fiFMH-MBlZo-00481-00115182-00115727 on VMS or servers with with each other
fiFMH-MBlZo-00482-00115728-00115990 with that I would like to thank you and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00483-00115991-00116183 I think we have a couple of minutes four
fiFMH-MBlZo-00484-00116183-00116345 questions because I just saw the five
fiFMH-MBlZo-00485-00116346-00116549 minutes warning
fiFMH-MBlZo-00486-00116550-00116908 questions
fiFMH-MBlZo-00487-00116909-00117208 yes
fiFMH-MBlZo-00488-00117209-00117628 can we get
fiFMH-MBlZo-00489-00117629-00117725 I just want to make sure the question
fiFMH-MBlZo-00490-00117726-00117958 mark is on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00491-00117959-00118201 can you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00492-00118202-00118540 see I think it's on yeah
fiFMH-MBlZo-00493-00118541-00118810 um great especially about the psyllium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00494-00118811-00119104 mesh you left out gcp
fiFMH-MBlZo-00495-00119105-00119345 is that on purpose
fiFMH-MBlZo-00496-00119346-00119784 I left out which one gcp Google Cloud
fiFMH-MBlZo-00497-00119785-00119983 DCP
fiFMH-MBlZo-00498-00119983-00120269 gcp oh
fiFMH-MBlZo-00499-00120270-00120616 it works on all the clouds like there's
fiFMH-MBlZo-00500-00120617-00120802 just limited space available the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00501-00120803-00120983 question was I left out gcp that was not
fiFMH-MBlZo-00502-00120983-00121319 intentional I used to use two examples I
fiFMH-MBlZo-00503-00121320-00121547 also yeah well now I look at it and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00504-00121548-00121708 maybe I should have added it but it's of
fiFMH-MBlZo-00505-00121709-00121840 course more than just the three three
fiFMH-MBlZo-00506-00121841-00121997 Club Waters as well of course this is
fiFMH-MBlZo-00507-00121998-00122236 completely completely agnostic of all
fiFMH-MBlZo-00508-00122238-00122471 the cloud providers
fiFMH-MBlZo-00509-00122472-00122686 yes we have a question in the back all
fiFMH-MBlZo-00510-00122688-00123436 the list list has to run
fiFMH-MBlZo-00511-00123438-00123749 uh yeah we are currently still on
fiFMH-MBlZo-00512-00123750-00123971 another cni I know that there are some
fiFMH-MBlZo-00513-00123972-00124228 small migration paths described but it's
fiFMH-MBlZo-00514-00124229-00124469 very rudimentary so not at the level yet
fiFMH-MBlZo-00515-00124470-00124708 is there any plan to increase this more
fiFMH-MBlZo-00516-00124709-00124960 because I think this also increases the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00517-00124961-00125189 users again yeah absolutely the question
fiFMH-MBlZo-00518-00125190-00125501 was what are we doing about migration
fiFMH-MBlZo-00519-00125502-00125758 it's an absolute key Focus so we just
fiFMH-MBlZo-00520-00125759-00126010 added node specific config map support
fiFMH-MBlZo-00521-00126011-00126208 which absolutely simplifies migration
fiFMH-MBlZo-00522-00126209-00126460 because you can now essentially migrate
fiFMH-MBlZo-00523-00126461-00126701 node by node there was also a fantastic
fiFMH-MBlZo-00524-00126702-00127001 Echo episode on migrating psyllium by
fiFMH-MBlZo-00525-00127002-00127258 Duffy a couple of weeks ago which shows
fiFMH-MBlZo-00526-00127259-00127523 one of the paths overall the migration
fiFMH-MBlZo-00527-00127524-00127721 is what is in the day two operational
fiFMH-MBlZo-00528-00127722-00128039 bucket on the on the on our on our
fiFMH-MBlZo-00529-00128040-00128225 cylinder roadmap so that's definitely a
fiFMH-MBlZo-00530-00128226-00128525 key Focus I will make it as seamless and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00531-00128526-00128686 as simple as possible to migrate from
fiFMH-MBlZo-00532-00128688-00128836 existing cnis
fiFMH-MBlZo-00533-00128838-00129028 also maybe it's all worth mentioning in
fiFMH-MBlZo-00534-00129029-00129286 this case it's not always required to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00535-00129288-00129551 migrate away from your existing cni you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00536-00129552-00129749 can also run psyllium in chaining mode
fiFMH-MBlZo-00537-00129750-00129989 on top of your existing cni so if you
fiFMH-MBlZo-00538-00129990-00130234 want to benefit from Hubble from Network
fiFMH-MBlZo-00539-00130235-00130445 policy from service match from the load
fiFMH-MBlZo-00540-00130446-00130684 balancing from cluster mesh you can also
fiFMH-MBlZo-00541-00130685-00130901 Run keep your existing cni and run
fiFMH-MBlZo-00542-00130902-00131345 psyllium in chaining mode on top as well
fiFMH-MBlZo-00543-00131346-00132347 other questions
fiFMH-MBlZo-00544-00132348-00132737 mic is not working yet
fiFMH-MBlZo-00545-00132738-00133037 I'm yep so quick question regarding good
fiFMH-MBlZo-00546-00133038-00133216 proxy what tuition do you have for it
fiFMH-MBlZo-00547-00133217-00133409 and maybe in future the Implement to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00548-00133410-00133637 stick with it or remove it
fiFMH-MBlZo-00549-00133638-00133835 I apologize I didn't cut the question at
fiFMH-MBlZo-00550-00133836-00134159 all about QP proxy yes do you plan to
fiFMH-MBlZo-00551-00134160-00134581 stick with it or remove it in the future
fiFMH-MBlZo-00552-00134582-00134795 I'm trying to make sure I understand the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00553-00134796-00135043 Easter is the question whether we are
fiFMH-MBlZo-00554-00135044-00135364 continuing with Q proxy replacement yeah
fiFMH-MBlZo-00555-00135365-00135533 yes so
fiFMH-MBlZo-00556-00135534-00135725 um of course psyllium can run with
fiFMH-MBlZo-00557-00135726-00135983 existing Q proxy or you can replace Q
fiFMH-MBlZo-00558-00135984-00136235 proxy and essentially use psyllium as
fiFMH-MBlZo-00559-00136236-00136487 the cube epoxy replacement both features
fiFMH-MBlZo-00560-00136488-00136787 will continue to be supported cool
fiFMH-MBlZo-00561-00136788-00136931 thanks
fiFMH-MBlZo-00562-00136932-00138049 like we have time for one more question
fiFMH-MBlZo-00563-00138050-00138431 I try to deploy silium on-prem and I
fiFMH-MBlZo-00564-00138432-00138569 will let you know if there are any
fiFMH-MBlZo-00565-00138570-00138802 kernel version limitations because I've
fiFMH-MBlZo-00566-00138803-00139085 tried with I think Ubuntu
fiFMH-MBlZo-00567-00139086-00139211 004
fiFMH-MBlZo-00568-00139212-00139540 and that didn't work like 1804 then I
fiFMH-MBlZo-00569-00139541-00139711 had to upgrade to like
fiFMH-MBlZo-00570-00139712-00140051 22.04 LTS I think and that worked better
fiFMH-MBlZo-00571-00140052-00140321 but I just wanted to know if there's any
fiFMH-MBlZo-00572-00140322-00140561 hard limitations on current version yeah
fiFMH-MBlZo-00573-00140562-00140764 so the the minimal kernel version
fiFMH-MBlZo-00574-00140765-00141059 required is it depends a bit on the the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00575-00141060-00141185 ceiling version that you're running and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00576-00141186-00141473 it used to be 4.9 and that should also
fiFMH-MBlZo-00577-00141474-00141701 handle the on-prem case and I think in
fiFMH-MBlZo-00578-00141702-00141875 the latest celebrities we bumped the
fiFMH-MBlZo-00579-00141876-00142121 kernel requirement a little bit to uh
fiFMH-MBlZo-00580-00142122-00142607 four point 10 11 or something 19 4.19
fiFMH-MBlZo-00581-00142608-00142702 um I don't think there's anything
fiFMH-MBlZo-00582-00142703-00142859 specific about on-prem if you have
fiFMH-MBlZo-00583-00142860-00142954 issues
fiFMH-MBlZo-00584-00142955-00143128 feel free to join the Salem slack and
fiFMH-MBlZo-00585-00143129-00143327 ask us where we're we're happy to help
fiFMH-MBlZo-00586-00143328-00143483 there all right thank you so much we
fiFMH-MBlZo-00587-00143484-00143657 have run out of time thank you very much
fiFMH-MBlZo-00588-00143658-00143813 if you want to learn more about sodium
fiFMH-MBlZo-00589-00143814-00144188 see us outside thank you
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00000-00000000-00000680 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00002-00009143-00009435 so
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00003-00009436-00012177 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00005-00016780-00017568 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00006-00017569-00019223 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00008-00023240-00024735 so
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00010-00030722-00031414 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00011-00031416-00032943 so
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00012-00032944-00033218 so
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00013-00033219-00035322 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00014-00035323-00036115 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00015-00036116-00037246 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00017-00049265-00049790 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00018-00049791-00049994 so
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00019-00049995-00052599 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00020-00052600-00053208 so
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00021-00053209-00053865 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00022-00053866-00054449 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00023-00054450-00055838 [Music]
fjfhDUJ-hE8-00024-00055839-00056048 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00000-00000068-00000320 traditional ecological knowledge tech
fjvznj5BTK0-00001-00000321-00000548 describes indigenous and other forms of
fjvznj5BTK0-00002-00000549-00000719 traditional knowledge regarding the
fjvznj5BTK0-00003-00000720-00001022 sustainability of local resources as a
fjvznj5BTK0-00004-00001023-00001256 field of study and anthropology Tech
fjvznj5BTK0-00005-00001257-00001523 refers to a cumulative body of knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00006-00001524-00001796 belief and practice evolving by
fjvznj5BTK0-00007-00001797-00002017 accumulation of tech and handed down
fjvznj5BTK0-00008-00002018-00002237 through generations through traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00009-00002238-00002560 songs stories and beliefs it is
fjvznj5BTK0-00010-00002561-00002762 concerned with the relationship of
fjvznj5BTK0-00011-00002763-00002999 living beings including human with their
fjvznj5BTK0-00012-00003000-00003166 traditional groups and with their
fjvznj5BTK0-00013-00003167-00003488 environment such knowledge is commonly
fjvznj5BTK0-00014-00003489-00003731 used in natural resource management as a
fjvznj5BTK0-00015-00003732-00003965 substitute for baseline environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00016-00003965-00004156 data to measure changes over time in
fjvznj5BTK0-00017-00004157-00004381 remote regions that have little recorded
fjvznj5BTK0-00018-00004382-00004577 scientific data the use of traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00019-00004578-00004811 knowledge in this field in management
fjvznj5BTK0-00020-00004812-00005000 and science is controversial since
fjvznj5BTK0-00021-00005001-00005213 methods of acquiring and accumulating
fjvznj5BTK0-00022-00005214-00005390 the knowledge although often including
fjvznj5BTK0-00023-00005391-00005570 forms of empirical research and
fjvznj5BTK0-00024-00005571-00005761 experimentation differ from those used
fjvznj5BTK0-00025-00005762-00005995 to create and validate scientific
fjvznj5BTK0-00026-00005996-00006275 ecological knowledge non tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00027-00006276-00006496 government agencies such as the United
fjvznj5BTK0-00028-00006497-00006683 States Environmental Protection Agency
fjvznj5BTK0-00029-00006684-00006926 have established integration programs
fjvznj5BTK0-00030-00006927-00007133 with some tribal governments in order to
fjvznj5BTK0-00031-00007134-00007373 utilize tech in environmental plans and
fjvznj5BTK0-00032-00007373-00007634 climate change tracking there is a
fjvznj5BTK0-00033-00007634-00007856 debate whether indigenous populations
fjvznj5BTK0-00034-00007856-00008051 retain an intellectual property right
fjvznj5BTK0-00035-00008052-00008224 over traditional knowledge and whether
fjvznj5BTK0-00036-00008225-00008423 use of this knowledge requires prior
fjvznj5BTK0-00037-00008424-00008663 permission and license this is
fjvznj5BTK0-00038-00008664-00008891 especially complicated because tech is
fjvznj5BTK0-00039-00008892-00009074 most frequently preserved as oral
fjvznj5BTK0-00040-00009075-00009230 tradition and as such may lack
fjvznj5BTK0-00041-00009231-00009481 objectively confirmed documentation
fjvznj5BTK0-00042-00009482-00009731 ironically those same methods that might
fjvznj5BTK0-00043-00009732-00009914 resolve the issue of documentation
fjvznj5BTK0-00044-00009915-00010091 compromised the very nature of
fjvznj5BTK0-00045-00010092-00010292 traditional knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00046-00010293-00010523 traditional knowledge is often used to
fjvznj5BTK0-00047-00010524-00010748 sustain local populations and maintain
fjvznj5BTK0-00048-00010749-00011054 resources necessary for survival however
fjvznj5BTK0-00049-00011055-00011321 it can be weakened or invalidated in the
fjvznj5BTK0-00050-00011322-00011513 context of rapid climate change
fjvznj5BTK0-00051-00011514-00011735 environmental impact or other situations
fjvznj5BTK0-00052-00011736-00011978 in which significant alterations of
fjvznj5BTK0-00053-00011979-00012247 ecosystems render it weak or obsolete
fjvznj5BTK0-00054-00012248-00012488 tech can also be referred to as
fjvznj5BTK0-00055-00012489-00012674 traditional environmental knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00056-00012675-00012830 which emphasizes the different
fjvznj5BTK0-00057-00012831-00013001 components and interactions of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00058-00013002-00013265 environment more specifically it
fjvznj5BTK0-00059-00013266-00013454 contains the knowledge of species of
fjvznj5BTK0-00060-00013455-00013694 both animals and plants and biophysical
fjvznj5BTK0-00061-00013694-00013871 characteristics of the environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00062-00013872-00014174 through space and time an example of
fjvznj5BTK0-00063-00014175-00014372 traditional ecological or environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00064-00014372-00014609 knowledge is told of an eskimo hunter
fjvznj5BTK0-00065-00014610-00014882 tracking a polar bear from afar the
fjvznj5BTK0-00066-00014883-00015094 hunter imitates a seal to lure the polar
fjvznj5BTK0-00067-00015095-00015296 bear closer to be able to catch the
fjvznj5BTK0-00068-00015297-00015482 polar bear which will bring many pounds
fjvznj5BTK0-00069-00015483-00015650 of meat to many families in his
fjvznj5BTK0-00070-00015651-00015913 community it is through the beliefs and
fjvznj5BTK0-00071-00015915-00016115 customs that these traditional teachings
fjvznj5BTK0-00072-00016116-00016312 are shared from generation to generation
fjvznj5BTK0-00073-00016313-00016547 this is known amongst the indigenous
fjvznj5BTK0-00074-00016548-00016747 people throughout the world as oral
fjvznj5BTK0-00075-00016748-00016958 history which is shared in various ways
fjvznj5BTK0-00076-00016959-00017194 the indigenous people of the world
fjvznj5BTK0-00077-00017195-00017402 possess an immense knowledge of their
fjvznj5BTK0-00078-00017403-00017624 environments based on centuries of
fjvznj5BTK0-00079-00017625-00017969 living close to nature a straightforward
fjvznj5BTK0-00080-00017970-00018155 definition from the United Nations
fjvznj5BTK0-00081-00018156-00018356 Educational Scientific and Cultural
fjvznj5BTK0-00082-00018357-00018602 Organization that gives a small but
fjvznj5BTK0-00083-00018603-00018779 profound insightfulness into the
fjvznj5BTK0-00084-00018780-00018929 interconnectedness of the indigenous
fjvznj5BTK0-00085-00018930-00019109 peoples throughout the world of their
fjvznj5BTK0-00086-00019110-00019599 stewardship of planet Earth
fjvznj5BTK0-00087-00019600-00019764 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00088-00019765-00020358 topic development of the field
fjvznj5BTK0-00089-00020359-00020605 the earliest systematic studies of
fjvznj5BTK0-00090-00020606-00020800 traditional ecological knowledge were
fjvznj5BTK0-00091-00020801-00021114 conducted in anthropology ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00092-00021115-00021273 knowledge was studied through the lens
fjvznj5BTK0-00093-00021274-00021519 of ethno ecology an approach that
fjvznj5BTK0-00094-00021520-00021795 focuses on the conceptions of ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00095-00021796-00022024 relationships held by a people or a
fjvznj5BTK0-00096-00022025-00022389 culture in understanding how systems of
fjvznj5BTK0-00097-00022390-00022549 knowledge were developed by a given
fjvznj5BTK0-00098-00022550-00022861 culture Harold Collier Conklin an
fjvznj5BTK0-00099-00022862-00023061 American anthropologist who pioneered
fjvznj5BTK0-00100-00023062-00023295 the study of ethno science took the lead
fjvznj5BTK0-00101-00023296-00023484 in documenting indigenous ways of
fjvznj5BTK0-00102-00023485-00023784 understanding the natural world Conklin
fjvznj5BTK0-00103-00023785-00023992 and others documented how traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00104-00023993-00024155 peoples such as Philippine
fjvznj5BTK0-00105-00024156-00024403 horticulturists displayed remarkable and
fjvznj5BTK0-00106-00024404-00024580 exceptionally detailed knowledge about
fjvznj5BTK0-00107-00024581-00024799 the natural history of places where they
fjvznj5BTK0-00108-00024800-00025105 resided direct involvement in gathering
fjvznj5BTK0-00109-00025106-00025317 fashioning products from and using local
fjvznj5BTK0-00110-00025318-00025555 plants and animals created a scheme in
fjvznj5BTK0-00111-00025556-00025734 which the biological world and the
fjvznj5BTK0-00112-00025735-00025946 cultural world were tightly intertwined
fjvznj5BTK0-00113-00025947-00026193 although the field of tech began with
fjvznj5BTK0-00114-00026194-00026431 documentation of lists of species used
fjvznj5BTK0-00115-00026432-00026632 by different indigenous groups in their
fjvznj5BTK0-00116-00026633-00026983 taxonomy zuv plants animals and later of
fjvznj5BTK0-00117-00026983-00027187 other environmental features such as
fjvznj5BTK0-00118-00027188-00027552 soils the shift from documentation to
fjvznj5BTK0-00119-00027553-00027702 consideration of functional
fjvznj5BTK0-00120-00027703-00027918 relationships and mechanisms gave rise
fjvznj5BTK0-00121-00027919-00028111 to the field as it is recognized today
fjvznj5BTK0-00122-00028112-00028420 in emphasizing the study of adaptive
fjvznj5BTK0-00123-00028420-00028614 processes which argues that social
fjvznj5BTK0-00124-00028614-00028824 organization itself as an ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00125-00028825-00029101 adaptational responds by a group to its
fjvznj5BTK0-00126-00029102-00029352 local environment human nature relations
fjvznj5BTK0-00127-00029353-00029533 and the practical techniques on which
fjvznj5BTK0-00128-00029533-00029704 these relationships and culture
fjvznj5BTK0-00129-00029705-00029877 dependent the field of tech could
fjvznj5BTK0-00130-00029878-00030045 analyze a broad range of questions
fjvznj5BTK0-00131-00030047-00030280 related to cultural ecology and
fjvznj5BTK0-00132-00030281-00030543 ecological anthropology by the mid 1980s
fjvznj5BTK0-00133-00030544-00030736 a growing body of literature on
fjvznj5BTK0-00134-00030737-00030912 traditional ecological knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00135-00030913-00031105 documented both the environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00136-00031106-00031324 knowledge held by diverse indigenous
fjvznj5BTK0-00137-00031325-00031527 peoples and their ecological relations
fjvznj5BTK0-00138-00031527-00031808 the studies included examining
fjvznj5BTK0-00139-00031809-00032029 cultivation and biodiversity
fjvznj5BTK0-00140-00032030-00032320 conservation in tropical ecosystems and
fjvznj5BTK0-00141-00032320-00032499 traditional knowledge and management
fjvznj5BTK0-00142-00032500-00032802 systems in coastal fisheries and lagoons
fjvznj5BTK0-00143-00032803-00033181 semi-arid areas and the Arctic what
fjvznj5BTK0-00144-00033182-00033358 these studies Illustrated was that a
fjvznj5BTK0-00145-00033359-00033637 variety of traditional peoples had their
fjvznj5BTK0-00146-00033638-00033748 own understanding
fjvznj5BTK0-00147-00033749-00034021 of ecological relationships and distinct
fjvznj5BTK0-00148-00034022-00034342 traditions of resource management the
fjvznj5BTK0-00149-00034343-00034533 rise of traditional ecological knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00150-00034534-00034726 at this time led to international
fjvznj5BTK0-00151-00034727-00034893 recognition of its potential
fjvznj5BTK0-00152-00034894-00035104 applications in resource management
fjvznj5BTK0-00153-00035105-00035318 practices and sustainable development
fjvznj5BTK0-00154-00035319-00035665 the 1987 report by the world Commission
fjvznj5BTK0-00155-00035666-00035890 on Environment and development reflects
fjvznj5BTK0-00156-00035891-00036136 the consensus at the time the report
fjvznj5BTK0-00157-00036137-00036343 points out that the successes of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00158-00036344-00036558 20th century decreases in infant
fjvznj5BTK0-00159-00036559-00036804 mortality increases in life expectancy
fjvznj5BTK0-00160-00036805-00037068 increases in literacy and global food
fjvznj5BTK0-00161-00037069-00037276 production have given rise to trends
fjvznj5BTK0-00162-00037277-00037474 that have caused environmental decay in
fjvznj5BTK0-00163-00037475-00037729 an ever more polluted world among ever
fjvznj5BTK0-00164-00037730-00038011 decreasing resources hope however
fjvznj5BTK0-00165-00038012-00038305 existed for traditional lifestyles the
fjvznj5BTK0-00166-00038306-00038490 report declared that tribal and
fjvznj5BTK0-00167-00038491-00038710 indigenous peoples had lifestyles that
fjvznj5BTK0-00168-00038711-00038896 could provide modern societies with
fjvznj5BTK0-00169-00038897-00039061 lessons in the management of resources
fjvznj5BTK0-00170-00039062-00039358 in complex forests mountain and dry land
fjvznj5BTK0-00171-00039359-00039699 ecosystems
fjvznj5BTK0-00172-00039700-00039945 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00173-00039946-00040523 topic differences from science
fjvznj5BTK0-00174-00040524-00040769 Fulvio mot Sookie of the Italian
fjvznj5BTK0-00175-00040770-00040997 National Research Council's Institute of
fjvznj5BTK0-00176-00040998-00041204 atmospheric pollution contrasts
fjvznj5BTK0-00177-00041205-00041408 traditional knowledge from scientific
fjvznj5BTK0-00178-00041409-00041648 knowledge as follows traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00179-00041649-00041891 knowledge has developed a concept of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00180-00041892-00042059 environment that emphasizes the
fjvznj5BTK0-00181-00042060-00042284 symbiotic character of humans in nature
fjvznj5BTK0-00182-00042285-00042515 it offers an approach to local
fjvznj5BTK0-00183-00042516-00042737 development that is based on coevolution
fjvznj5BTK0-00184-00042738-00042962 with the environment and on respecting
fjvznj5BTK0-00185-00042963-00043268 the carrying capacity of ecosystems this
fjvznj5BTK0-00186-00043269-00043493 knowledge based on long-term empirical
fjvznj5BTK0-00187-00043494-00043741 observations adapted to local conditions
fjvznj5BTK0-00188-00043742-00044006 ensures a sound use in control of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00189-00044007-00044195 environment and enables indigenous
fjvznj5BTK0-00190-00044196-00044461 people to adapt to environmental changes
fjvznj5BTK0-00191-00044462-00044726 moreover it supplies much of the world's
fjvznj5BTK0-00192-00044727-00044939 population with the principal means to
fjvznj5BTK0-00193-00044940-00045155 fulfill their basic needs and forms the
fjvznj5BTK0-00194-00045156-00045362 basis for decisions and strategies in
fjvznj5BTK0-00195-00045363-00045602 many practical aspects including
fjvznj5BTK0-00196-00045603-00045760 interpretation of meteorological
fjvznj5BTK0-00197-00045761-00045995 phenomena medical treatment water
fjvznj5BTK0-00198-00045996-00046180 management production of clothing
fjvznj5BTK0-00199-00046181-00046439 navigation agriculture and husbandry
fjvznj5BTK0-00200-00046440-00046661 hunting and fishing and biological
fjvznj5BTK0-00201-00046662-00047015 classification systems beyond its
fjvznj5BTK0-00202-00047016-00047240 obvious benefit for the people who rely
fjvznj5BTK0-00203-00047241-00047405 on this knowledge it might provide
fjvznj5BTK0-00204-00047406-00047672 humanity as a whole with new biological
fjvznj5BTK0-00205-00047673-00047900 and ecological insights it has potential
fjvznj5BTK0-00206-00047901-00048104 value for the management of natural
fjvznj5BTK0-00207-00048105-00048287 resources and might be useful in
fjvznj5BTK0-00208-00048288-00048491 conservation education as well as in
fjvznj5BTK0-00209-00048492-00048670 development planning and environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00210-00048671-00049110 assessment Western science is positivist
fjvznj5BTK0-00211-00049111-00049298 and materialist in contrast to
fjvznj5BTK0-00212-00049299-00049517 traditional knowledge which is spiritual
fjvznj5BTK0-00213-00049518-00049676 and does not make distinctions between
fjvznj5BTK0-00214-00049677-00050027 empirical and sacred Western science is
fjvznj5BTK0-00215-00050028-00050246 objective and quantitative as opposed to
fjvznj5BTK0-00216-00050247-00050426 traditional knowledge which is mainly
fjvznj5BTK0-00217-00050427-00050714 subjective and qualitative Western
fjvznj5BTK0-00218-00050715-00050927 science is based on an academic and
fjvznj5BTK0-00219-00050928-00051128 literate transmission while traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00220-00051129-00051336 knowledge is often passed on orally from
fjvznj5BTK0-00221-00051337-00051914 one generation to the next by the elders
fjvznj5BTK0-00222-00051915-00052075 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00223-00052076-00052377 topic aspects of traditional ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00224-00052378-00052835 knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00225-00052836-00053053 the aspects of traditional ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00226-00053054-00053299 knowledge provide different topologies
fjvznj5BTK0-00227-00053300-00053510 in how it is utilized and understood
fjvznj5BTK0-00228-00053511-00053791 these are good indicators in how it is
fjvznj5BTK0-00229-00053792-00053992 used from different perspectives and how
fjvznj5BTK0-00230-00053993-00054181 they are interconnected providing more
fjvznj5BTK0-00231-00054182-00054403 emphasis on cooperative management to
fjvznj5BTK0-00232-00054404-00054619 better identify areas of difference in
fjvznj5BTK0-00233-00054620-00054811 convergence when attempting to bring two
fjvznj5BTK0-00234-00054812-00055235 ways of thinking and knowing together
fjvznj5BTK0-00235-00055236-00055479 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00236-00055480-00056062 topic factual observations
fjvznj5BTK0-00237-00056063-00056299 how to identify six phases of
fjvznj5BTK0-00238-00056300-00056536 traditional ecological knowledge the
fjvznj5BTK0-00239-00056537-00056737 first aspect of traditional ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00240-00056738-00056967 knowledge incorporates the factual
fjvznj5BTK0-00241-00056969-00057207 specific observations generated by
fjvznj5BTK0-00242-00057208-00057472 recognition naming and classification of
fjvznj5BTK0-00243-00057473-00057654 discrete components of the environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00244-00057655-00057934 this aspect is about understanding the
fjvznj5BTK0-00245-00057935-00058135 interrelationship with species and their
fjvznj5BTK0-00246-00058136-00058429 surrounding environment it is also a set
fjvznj5BTK0-00247-00058429-00058641 of both empirical observations and
fjvznj5BTK0-00248-00058642-00058869 information emphasizing the aspects of
fjvznj5BTK0-00249-00058870-00059053 animals in their behavior and habitat
fjvznj5BTK0-00250-00059054-00059278 and the physical characteristics of
fjvznj5BTK0-00251-00059279-00059574 species and animal abundance this is
fjvznj5BTK0-00252-00059575-00059775 most useful for risk assessment and
fjvznj5BTK0-00253-00059776-00059976 management which provides nations with
fjvznj5BTK0-00254-00059977-00060168 opportunity to influence resource
fjvznj5BTK0-00255-00060169-00060478 management however if a nation does not
fjvznj5BTK0-00256-00060479-00060666 act then the state may act on its own
fjvznj5BTK0-00257-00060667-00060937 interests this type of empirical
fjvznj5BTK0-00258-00060938-00061101 knowledge consists of a set of
fjvznj5BTK0-00259-00061102-00061338 generalized observations conducted over
fjvznj5BTK0-00260-00061339-00061561 a long period of time and reinforced by
fjvznj5BTK0-00261-00061562-00061972 accounts of other tech holders
fjvznj5BTK0-00262-00061973-00062220 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00263-00062221-00062779 topic management systems
fjvznj5BTK0-00264-00062780-00063031 the second fase refers to the ethical
fjvznj5BTK0-00265-00063032-00063236 and sustainable use of resources in
fjvznj5BTK0-00266-00063237-00063526 regards to management systems this is
fjvznj5BTK0-00267-00063527-00063718 achieved through strategic planning to
fjvznj5BTK0-00268-00063719-00063943 ensure resource conservation more
fjvznj5BTK0-00269-00063944-00064186 specifically this face involves dealing
fjvznj5BTK0-00270-00064187-00064417 with pest management resource conversion
fjvznj5BTK0-00271-00064418-00064648 multiple cropping patterns and methods
fjvznj5BTK0-00272-00064649-00064934 for estimating the state of resources it
fjvznj5BTK0-00273-00064935-00065182 also focuses on resource management and
fjvznj5BTK0-00274-00065183-00065392 how it adapts to local environments a
fjvznj5BTK0-00275-00065393-00065660 lot of ignorance toward traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00276-00065661-00065857 ecological knowledge is at the fault of
fjvznj5BTK0-00277-00065858-00066043 management these people are used to
fjvznj5BTK0-00278-00066044-00066236 growing up in a more modern advanced
fjvznj5BTK0-00279-00066237-00066881 system they tend to ignore it
fjvznj5BTK0-00280-00066882-00067463 topic past and current uses
fjvznj5BTK0-00281-00067464-00067726 the third face refers to time dimension
fjvznj5BTK0-00282-00067727-00067886 aspect of traditional ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00283-00067887-00068123 knowledge focusing on the past and
fjvznj5BTK0-00284-00068124-00068279 current uses of the environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00285-00068280-00068540 transmitted through oral history this
fjvznj5BTK0-00286-00068541-00068753 has to do with land use settlement
fjvznj5BTK0-00287-00068754-00069016 occupancy and harvest levels
fjvznj5BTK0-00288-00069017-00069232 specifically medicinal plants and
fjvznj5BTK0-00289-00069233-00069518 historical sites are great concerns oral
fjvznj5BTK0-00290-00069519-00069713 history is also used to transmit
fjvznj5BTK0-00291-00069714-00069925 cultural heritage through generation to
fjvznj5BTK0-00292-00069926-00070106 generation to maintain the sense of
fjvznj5BTK0-00293-00070107-00070466 family and community
fjvznj5BTK0-00294-00070467-00070714 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00295-00070715-00071267 topic ethics and values
fjvznj5BTK0-00296-00071268-00071488 the forth face refers to value
fjvznj5BTK0-00297-00071489-00071668 statements and connections between the
fjvznj5BTK0-00298-00071669-00071860 belief system and the organization of
fjvznj5BTK0-00299-00071861-00072175 facts in regards to tech it refers to
fjvznj5BTK0-00300-00072176-00072337 environmental ethics that keeps
fjvznj5BTK0-00301-00072338-00072625 exploitative abilities in check this
fjvznj5BTK0-00302-00072626-00072856 face also refers to the expression of
fjvznj5BTK0-00303-00072857-00073063 values concerning the relationship with
fjvznj5BTK0-00304-00073064-00073237 the habitats of species in their
fjvznj5BTK0-00305-00073238-00073399 surrounding environment the human
fjvznj5BTK0-00306-00073400-00073790 relationship environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00307-00073791-00074038 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00308-00074039-00074605 topic culture and identity
fjvznj5BTK0-00309-00074606-00074815 the fifth face refers to the role of
fjvznj5BTK0-00310-00074816-00075046 language and images of the past giving
fjvznj5BTK0-00311-00075047-00075322 life to culture the relationship between
fjvznj5BTK0-00312-00075323-00075577 aboriginals original inhabitants and
fjvznj5BTK0-00313-00075578-00075721 their environment are vital to
fjvznj5BTK0-00314-00075722-00075907 sustaining the cultural components that
fjvznj5BTK0-00315-00075908-00076165 define them this face reflects the
fjvznj5BTK0-00316-00076166-00076420 story's values and social relations that
fjvznj5BTK0-00317-00076421-00076654 reside in places is contributing to the
fjvznj5BTK0-00318-00076655-00076894 survival reproduction and evolution of
fjvznj5BTK0-00319-00076895-00077194 aboriginal cultures and identities it
fjvznj5BTK0-00320-00077195-00077452 also stresses the restorative benefits
fjvznj5BTK0-00321-00077453-00077734 of cultural landscapes as places for
fjvznj5BTK0-00322-00077735-00078235 renewal
fjvznj5BTK0-00323-00078236-00078758 topic cosmology
fjvznj5BTK0-00324-00078759-00078989 the sixth face is a culturally based
fjvznj5BTK0-00325-00078990-00079223 cosmology that is the foundation of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00326-00079224-00079553 other aspects cosmology is the notion of
fjvznj5BTK0-00327-00079554-00079738 how the world works for many cultures
fjvznj5BTK0-00328-00079739-00080024 this can vary greatly from one culture
fjvznj5BTK0-00329-00080025-00080321 to the next in the US for example there
fjvznj5BTK0-00330-00080322-00080678 are over 577 federally recognized tribes
fjvznj5BTK0-00331-00080679-00080882 with their own culture languages and
fjvznj5BTK0-00332-00080883-00081116 belief system many of these are
fjvznj5BTK0-00333-00081117-00081263 interconnected with the land in
fjvznj5BTK0-00334-00081264-00081581 astrology ad cite the combination
fjvznj5BTK0-00335-00081582-00081764 relates to the assumptions and beliefs
fjvznj5BTK0-00336-00081765-00081965 about how things work and explains the
fjvznj5BTK0-00337-00081966-00082148 way in which things are connected and
fjvznj5BTK0-00338-00082149-00082351 gives principles that regulate human
fjvznj5BTK0-00339-00082352-00082562 animal relations and the role of humans
fjvznj5BTK0-00340-00082563-00082751 in the world from an anthropological
fjvznj5BTK0-00341-00082752-00083045 perspective cosmology attempts to
fjvznj5BTK0-00342-00083046-00083279 understand the human animal relationship
fjvznj5BTK0-00343-00083280-00083476 and how these directly influence social
fjvznj5BTK0-00344-00083477-00083707 relationships obligations toward
fjvznj5BTK0-00345-00083708-00083891 community members and management
fjvznj5BTK0-00346-00083892-00084312 practices
fjvznj5BTK0-00347-00084313-00084473 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00348-00084474-00085089 topic ecosystem management
fjvznj5BTK0-00349-00085090-00085348 ecosystem management as a multi-faceted
fjvznj5BTK0-00350-00085349-00085558 and holistic approach to natural
fjvznj5BTK0-00351-00085559-00085849 resource management it incorporates both
fjvznj5BTK0-00352-00085850-00086014 science and traditional ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00353-00086015-00086260 knowledge to collect data from long-term
fjvznj5BTK0-00354-00086261-00086527 measures that science cannot this is
fjvznj5BTK0-00355-00086528-00086737 achieved by scientists and researchers
fjvznj5BTK0-00356-00086738-00086938 collaborating with indigenous peoples
fjvznj5BTK0-00357-00086939-00087100 through a consensus decision-making
fjvznj5BTK0-00358-00087101-00087379 process while meeting the socio-economic
fjvznj5BTK0-00359-00087380-00087580 political and cultural needs of current
fjvznj5BTK0-00360-00087581-00087868 and future generations indigenous
fjvznj5BTK0-00361-00087869-00088057 knowledge has developed a way to deal
fjvznj5BTK0-00362-00088058-00088225 with the complexity while Western
fjvznj5BTK0-00363-00088226-00088416 science has the techniques and tools
fjvznj5BTK0-00364-00088417-00088678 this is a good relationship to have
fjvznj5BTK0-00365-00088679-00088873 which creates a better outcome for both
fjvznj5BTK0-00366-00088874-00089143 sides in the environment the dangers of
fjvznj5BTK0-00367-00089144-00089347 working together as that nations do not
fjvznj5BTK0-00368-00089348-00089671 benefit fairly or at all many times
fjvznj5BTK0-00369-00089672-00089857 indigenous knowledge has been used
fjvznj5BTK0-00370-00089858-00090055 outside of the nation without consent
fjvznj5BTK0-00371-00090056-00090282 acknowledgement or compensation
fjvznj5BTK0-00372-00090283-00090508 indigenous knowledge can sustain the
fjvznj5BTK0-00373-00090509-00090685 environment yet it can be sacred
fjvznj5BTK0-00374-00090686-00090916 knowledge therefore we must be
fjvznj5BTK0-00375-00090917-00091099 respectful of the traditions and their
fjvznj5BTK0-00376-00091100-00091499 rights
fjvznj5BTK0-00377-00091500-00091661 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00378-00091662-00091976 topic traditional knowledge in the US
fjvznj5BTK0-00379-00091977-00092555 Environmental Protection Agency
fjvznj5BTK0-00380-00092556-00092840 the US Environmental Protection Agency
fjvznj5BTK0-00381-00092841-00093037 was one of the first federal agencies to
fjvznj5BTK0-00382-00093038-00093305 develop formal policies detailing how it
fjvznj5BTK0-00383-00093306-00093428 would collaborate with tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00384-00093429-00093617 governments and acknowledge tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00385-00093618-00093862 interests in enacting its programs to
fjvznj5BTK0-00386-00093863-00094024 protect human health in the environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00387-00094025-00094397 in recognizing tribal peoples connection
fjvznj5BTK0-00388-00094398-00094604 to the environment the EPA has sought to
fjvznj5BTK0-00389-00094605-00094823 develop environmental programs that
fjvznj5BTK0-00390-00094824-00094967 integrate traditional ecological
fjvznj5BTK0-00391-00094968-00095192 knowledge into the agency's
fjvznj5BTK0-00392-00095193-00095447 environmental science policy and
fjvznj5BTK0-00393-00095448-00095767 decision-making processes although tech
fjvznj5BTK0-00394-00095768-00095956 is not currently recognized as an
fjvznj5BTK0-00395-00095957-00096140 important component of mainstream
fjvznj5BTK0-00396-00096141-00096394 environmental decision-making scientists
fjvznj5BTK0-00397-00096395-00096578 are working on developing core science
fjvznj5BTK0-00398-00096579-00096832 competency programs that align with tech
fjvznj5BTK0-00399-00096833-00097018 and promote self-sufficiency and
fjvznj5BTK0-00400-00097019-00097294 determination in November 2000 US
fjvznj5BTK0-00401-00097295-00097486 President Bill Clinton issued executive
fjvznj5BTK0-00402-00097487-00098867 order 13502 Lim plication czar defined
fjvznj5BTK0-00403-00098868-00099185 by the EPA as having substantial direct
fjvznj5BTK0-00404-00099186-00099461 effects on one or more Indian tribes on
fjvznj5BTK0-00405-00099462-00099649 the relationship between the federal
fjvznj5BTK0-00406-00099650-00099913 government and Indian tribes or on the
fjvznj5BTK0-00407-00099914-00100092 distribution of power and
fjvznj5BTK0-00408-00100093-00100304 responsibilities between the federal
fjvznj5BTK0-00409-00100305-00100610 government and Indian tribes as a
fjvznj5BTK0-00410-00100611-00100853 federal agency of the US government the
fjvznj5BTK0-00411-00100854-00101104 EPA was required to establish a set of
fjvznj5BTK0-00412-00101105-00101285 standards for the consultation process
fjvznj5BTK0-00413-00101286-00101626 as its initial response the agency
fjvznj5BTK0-00414-00101627-00101812 developed a set of standards that would
fjvznj5BTK0-00415-00101813-00102013 allow for meaningful communication and
fjvznj5BTK0-00416-00102014-00102193 coordination between the agency and
fjvznj5BTK0-00417-00102194-00102418 tribal officials prior to the agency
fjvznj5BTK0-00418-00102419-00102658 taking actions or implementing decisions
fjvznj5BTK0-00419-00102659-00102931 that may affect tribes the standards
fjvznj5BTK0-00420-00102932-00103196 also designated EPA consultation
fjvznj5BTK0-00421-00103197-00103414 contacts to promote consistency and
fjvznj5BTK0-00422-00103415-00103622 coordination of the consultation process
fjvznj5BTK0-00423-00103623-00103885 an established management oversight and
fjvznj5BTK0-00424-00103886-00104077 reporting to ensure accountability and
fjvznj5BTK0-00425-00104078-00104443 transparency one form of consultation
fjvznj5BTK0-00426-00104444-00104809 has been EPA tribal councils in 2000 the
fjvznj5BTK0-00427-00104810-00105010 EPA's office of research and development
fjvznj5BTK0-00428-00105011-00105295 formed the EPA tribal Science Council
fjvznj5BTK0-00429-00105296-00105527 the council made up of representatives
fjvznj5BTK0-00430-00105528-00105818 from tribes across the nation is meant
fjvznj5BTK0-00431-00105819-00105944 to provide a structure for
fjvznj5BTK0-00432-00105945-00106172 tribal involvement in EPA's science
fjvznj5BTK0-00433-00106173-00106360 efforts and serve as a vehicle through
fjvznj5BTK0-00434-00106361-00106583 which EPA may gain an understanding of
fjvznj5BTK0-00435-00106583-00106738 the scientific issues that are of
fjvznj5BTK0-00436-00106739-00106975 highest priority to tribes at a national
fjvznj5BTK0-00437-00106976-00107282 level the council also offers tribes an
fjvznj5BTK0-00438-00107283-00107566 opportunity to influence EPA scientific
fjvznj5BTK0-00439-00107567-00107809 agenda by raising these priority issues
fjvznj5BTK0-00440-00107810-00108056 to an EPA wide group of importance for
fjvznj5BTK0-00441-00108057-00108259 tribal members at the initial gathering
fjvznj5BTK0-00442-00108260-00108497 of the EPA tribal Science Council was
fjvznj5BTK0-00443-00108498-00108674 the inherent differences in tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00444-00108675-00108907 traditional life ways in western science
fjvznj5BTK0-00445-00108908-00109237 these life ways include spiritual
fjvznj5BTK0-00446-00109238-00109423 emotional physical and mental
fjvznj5BTK0-00447-00109424-00109631 connections to the environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00448-00109632-00109876 connections which are based on intrinsic
fjvznj5BTK0-00449-00109877-00110246 immeasurable values and an understanding
fjvznj5BTK0-00450-00110247-00110420 that the earth's resources will provide
fjvznj5BTK0-00451-00110421-00110665 everything necessary for human survival
fjvznj5BTK0-00452-00110666-00110938 the EPA's tribal Science Council however
fjvznj5BTK0-00453-00110939-00111109 was meant to act as a meeting place
fjvznj5BTK0-00454-00111110-00111289 where both groups could share
fjvznj5BTK0-00455-00111290-00111482 information that may contribute to
fjvznj5BTK0-00456-00111483-00111743 environmental protection for all peoples
fjvznj5BTK0-00457-00111744-00111944 with neither culture relinquishing its
fjvznj5BTK0-00458-00111945-00112327 identity in an effort to protect etl the
fjvznj5BTK0-00459-00112328-00112537 council identified subsidence as a
fjvznj5BTK0-00460-00112538-00112856 critical area for investigation the epa
fjvznj5BTK0-00461-00112857-00113062 tribal science council defined
fjvznj5BTK0-00462-00113063-00113273 subsistence as the relationships between
fjvznj5BTK0-00463-00113274-00113425 people and their surrounding environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00464-00113426-00113783 a way of living subsistence involves an
fjvznj5BTK0-00465-00113783-00113986 intrinsic spiritual connection to the
fjvznj5BTK0-00466-00113988-00114163 earth and includes an understanding that
fjvznj5BTK0-00467-00114164-00114325 the earth's resources will provide
fjvznj5BTK0-00468-00114326-00114576 everything necessary for human survival
fjvznj5BTK0-00469-00114577-00114787 people who subsist from the Earth's
fjvznj5BTK0-00470-00114788-00115000 basic resources remain connected to
fjvznj5BTK0-00471-00115001-00115220 those resources living within the circle
fjvznj5BTK0-00472-00115221-00115516 of life subsistence is about living in a
fjvznj5BTK0-00473-00115517-00115687 way that will ensure the integrity of
fjvznj5BTK0-00474-00115688-00115891 the earth's resources for the beneficial
fjvznj5BTK0-00475-00115892-00116188 use of generations to come because TTL
fjvznj5BTK0-00476-00116189-00116456 or tech is specific to a location and
fjvznj5BTK0-00477-00116457-00116645 includes the relationships between
fjvznj5BTK0-00478-00116646-00116921 plants and animals and the relationship
fjvznj5BTK0-00479-00116922-00117127 of living beings to the environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00480-00117128-00117337 acknowledgement of subsidence as a
fjvznj5BTK0-00481-00117338-00117557 priority allows for the knowledge and
fjvznj5BTK0-00482-00117558-00117916 practices of TTL to be protected for
fjvznj5BTK0-00483-00117917-00118153 example as part of their deliberation
fjvznj5BTK0-00484-00118154-00118424 regarding subsistence the council agreed
fjvznj5BTK0-00485-00118425-00118687 to identify resource contamination as
fjvznj5BTK0-00486-00118688-00118919 the most critical tribal science issue
fjvznj5BTK0-00487-00118920-00119171 at this time because tribal people with
fjvznj5BTK0-00488-00119172-00119296 subsistence life
fjvznj5BTK0-00489-00119297-00119488 Stiles relied the environment for
fjvznj5BTK0-00490-00119489-00119677 traditional techniques of farming
fjvznj5BTK0-00491-00119678-00120058 hunting fishing forestry and medicines
fjvznj5BTK0-00492-00120058-00120288 and ceremonies contaminants
fjvznj5BTK0-00493-00120289-00120547 disproportionately impact tribal peoples
fjvznj5BTK0-00494-00120548-00120933 and jeopardizes their TTL as the EPA
fjvznj5BTK0-00495-00120934-00121239 Council stated tribal subsistence
fjvznj5BTK0-00496-00121240-00121432 consumption rates are typically many
fjvznj5BTK0-00497-00121433-00121600 times higher than those of the general
fjvznj5BTK0-00498-00121601-00121860 population making the direct impact of
fjvznj5BTK0-00499-00121861-00122050 resource contamination a much more
fjvznj5BTK0-00500-00122051-00122326 immediate concern as Native people
fjvznj5BTK0-00501-00122327-00122527 struggle with tainted resources the
fjvznj5BTK0-00502-00122528-00122674 council has made progress in
fjvznj5BTK0-00503-00122675-00123025 investigating its impacts despite such
fjvznj5BTK0-00504-00123026-00123208 efforts there are still barriers to
fjvznj5BTK0-00505-00123208-00123435 progress within the epa tribal science
fjvznj5BTK0-00506-00123436-00123745 council for example one obstacle has
fjvznj5BTK0-00507-00123746-00124027 been the nature of TTL tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00508-00124028-00124201 traditional life ways are passed down
fjvznj5BTK0-00509-00124202-00124458 orally from person to person generation
fjvznj5BTK0-00510-00124459-00124677 to generation whereas Western science
fjvznj5BTK0-00511-00124678-00124890 relies on the written word communicated
fjvznj5BTK0-00512-00124891-00125032 through academic and literate
fjvznj5BTK0-00513-00125033-00125263 transmission endeavours to bring
fjvznj5BTK0-00514-00125264-00125488 together Western scientists and tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00515-00125489-00125698 people have also been hindered by Native
fjvznj5BTK0-00516-00125699-00125928 Americans perceptions that scientific
fjvznj5BTK0-00517-00125929-00126151 analysis are put in a metaphorical black
fjvznj5BTK0-00518-00126152-00126386 box that shuts out tribal input
fjvznj5BTK0-00519-00126388-00126673 regardless the EPA has recognized the
fjvznj5BTK0-00520-00126674-00126861 ability of indigenous knowledge to
fjvznj5BTK0-00521-00126863-00127075 advance scientific understanding and
fjvznj5BTK0-00522-00127076-00127290 provide new information and perspectives
fjvznj5BTK0-00523-00127291-00127471 that may benefit the environment in
fjvznj5BTK0-00524-00127472-00127839 human health the integration of TTL into
fjvznj5BTK0-00525-00127840-00128085 the EPA's risk assessment paradigm is
fjvznj5BTK0-00526-00128086-00128316 one example of how the EPA tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00527-00128317-00128511 Science Council has been able to enact
fjvznj5BTK0-00528-00128513-00128797 change in EPA culture the risk
fjvznj5BTK0-00529-00128798-00129043 assessment paradigm is an organizing
fjvznj5BTK0-00530-00129044-00129331 framework for the scientific analysis of
fjvznj5BTK0-00531-00129332-00129568 the potential for harmful impacts to
fjvznj5BTK0-00532-00129569-00129763 human health in the environment as a
fjvznj5BTK0-00533-00129764-00130027 result of exposure to contaminants or
fjvznj5BTK0-00534-00130028-00130348 other environmental stressors risk
fjvznj5BTK0-00535-00130349-00130573 assessment has been used by the EPA to
fjvznj5BTK0-00536-00130574-00130870 establish cleanup levels at hazardous
fjvznj5BTK0-00537-00130871-00131107 waste sites water quality and air
fjvznj5BTK0-00538-00131108-00131377 quality criteria fish advisories and
fjvznj5BTK0-00539-00131378-00131674 bans or restricted uses for pesticides
fjvznj5BTK0-00540-00131675-00132049 and other toxic chemicals tribal people
fjvznj5BTK0-00541-00132050-00132264 are concerned however that current risk
fjvznj5BTK0-00542-00132265-00132493 assessment methodologies do not afford
fjvznj5BTK0-00543-00132494-00132695 complete value to tribal culture
fjvznj5BTK0-00544-00132696-00133016 values and/or life ways the tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00545-00133017-00133283 Science Council seeks to incorporate TTL
fjvznj5BTK0-00546-00133284-00133511 into exposure assumptions existent in
fjvznj5BTK0-00547-00133512-00133738 the EPA risk assessment model a
fjvznj5BTK0-00548-00133739-00134018 long-term goal for the EPA's tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00549-00134019-00134246 science council however is a complete
fjvznj5BTK0-00550-00134247-00134450 shift in decision-making assessments
fjvznj5BTK0-00551-00134451-00134660 from risk to preserving a healthy people
fjvznj5BTK0-00552-00134661-00134963 and environment as stated above tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00553-00134964-00135179 people do not accept a separation of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00554-00135180-00135398 human and ecological condition when they
fjvznj5BTK0-00555-00135399-00135743 characterize risk through EPA initiated
fjvznj5BTK0-00556-00135744-00136016 seminar workshops and projects tribes
fjvznj5BTK0-00557-00136017-00136172 have been able to engage in dialogue
fjvznj5BTK0-00558-00136173-00136370 about the integration of tribal
fjvznj5BTK0-00559-00136371-00136601 traditional life ways into EPA risk
fjvznj5BTK0-00560-00136602-00136892 assessment and decision making this has
fjvznj5BTK0-00561-00136893-00137045 occurred in a number of ways
fjvznj5BTK0-00562-00137046-00137258 inclusion of unique tribal cultural
fjvznj5BTK0-00563-00137259-00137507 activities such as Native basketry the
fjvznj5BTK0-00564-00137508-00137702 importance of salmon and other fishes
fjvznj5BTK0-00565-00137703-00137924 native plant medicine consumption of
fjvznj5BTK0-00566-00137925-00138143 large amounts of fish and game and sweat
fjvznj5BTK0-00567-00138144-00138356 lodges as exposures for estimating
fjvznj5BTK0-00568-00138357-00138533 potential risk to people or to
fjvznj5BTK0-00569-00138534-00138782 communities although these types of
fjvznj5BTK0-00570-00138783-00138983 tribal specific activities may be
fjvznj5BTK0-00571-00138984-00139259 included in EPA's risk assessment there
fjvznj5BTK0-00572-00139260-00139406 is no assurance that they will be
fjvznj5BTK0-00573-00139407-00139634 included nor is there consistency in how
fjvznj5BTK0-00574-00139635-00139829 they may be applied at different sites
fjvznj5BTK0-00575-00139830-00140156 across the country in July 2014 the EPA
fjvznj5BTK0-00576-00140157-00140381 announced its policy on environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00577-00140382-00140552 justice for working with federally
fjvznj5BTK0-00578-00140553-00140783 recognized tribes and indigenous peoples
fjvznj5BTK0-00579-00140784-00141023 setting forth its principles for
fjvznj5BTK0-00580-00141024-00141284 programs related to federally recognized
fjvznj5BTK0-00581-00141285-00141539 tribes and indigenous peoples in order
fjvznj5BTK0-00582-00141540-00141842 to support the fair and effective
fjvznj5BTK0-00583-00141843-00142064 implementation of federal environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00584-00142065-00142247 laws and provide protection from
fjvznj5BTK0-00585-00142248-00142487 disproportionate impacts and significant
fjvznj5BTK0-00586-00142488-00142654 risks to human health in the environment
fjvznj5BTK0-00587-00142655-00142967 among the 17 principles were number
fjvznj5BTK0-00588-00142968-00143264 three the EPA works to understand
fjvznj5BTK0-00589-00143265-00143456 definitions of human health and the
fjvznj5BTK0-00590-00143457-00143633 environment from the perspective of
fjvznj5BTK0-00591-00143634-00143873 federally recognized tribes indigenous
fjvznj5BTK0-00592-00143874-00144077 peoples throughout the United States and
fjvznj5BTK0-00593-00144078-00144320 others living in Indian country number
fjvznj5BTK0-00594-00144321-00144671 six the EPA encourages as appropriate
fjvznj5BTK0-00595-00144672-00144851 and to the extent practicable and
fjvznj5BTK0-00596-00144852-00145064 permitted by law the integration of
fjvznj5BTK0-00597-00145065-00145277 traditional ecological knowledge into
fjvznj5BTK0-00598-00145278-00145472 the agency's environmental science
fjvznj5BTK0-00599-00145473-00145745 policy and decision-making processes to
fjvznj5BTK0-00600-00145746-00145913 understand and address environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00601-00145914-00146075 justice concerns
fjvznj5BTK0-00602-00146076-00146291 facilitate program implementation and
fjvznj5BTK0-00603-00146292-00146605 number seven the EPA considers
fjvznj5BTK0-00604-00146606-00146783 confidentiality concerns regarding
fjvznj5BTK0-00605-00146784-00147056 information on sacred sites cultural
fjvznj5BTK0-00606-00147057-00147236 resources and other traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00607-00147237-00147524 knowledge as permitted by law while this
fjvznj5BTK0-00608-00147525-00147743 policy identifies guidelines and
fjvznj5BTK0-00609-00147744-00147986 procedures for the EPA in regards to
fjvznj5BTK0-00610-00147987-00148205 environmental justice principles as they
fjvznj5BTK0-00611-00148206-00148418 relate to tribes and indigenous peoples
fjvznj5BTK0-00612-00148419-00148622 the agency noted that they are in no way
fjvznj5BTK0-00613-00148623-00148946 applicable as rules or regulations they
fjvznj5BTK0-00614-00148947-00149120 cannot be applied to particular
fjvznj5BTK0-00615-00149121-00149381 situations nor change or substitute any
fjvznj5BTK0-00616-00149382-00149627 law regulation or any other legally
fjvznj5BTK0-00617-00149628-00149840 binding requirement and is not legally
fjvznj5BTK0-00618-00149841-00150261 enforceable
fjvznj5BTK0-00619-00150262-00150422 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00620-00150423-00150671 topic effects of environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00621-00150672-00151261 degradation on traditional knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00622-00151262-00151498 in some areas environmental degradation
fjvznj5BTK0-00623-00151499-00151711 has led to a decline in traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00624-00151712-00152062 ecological knowledge for example at the
fjvznj5BTK0-00625-00152063-00152293 on genome community of Anishinabe First
fjvznj5BTK0-00626-00152294-00152596 Nations people in Sarnia Ontario Canada
fjvznj5BTK0-00627-00152597-00152826 residents suffer from a noticeable
fjvznj5BTK0-00628-00152827-00153256 decrease in male birth ratio which
fjvznj5BTK0-00629-00153257-00153439 residents attribute to their proximity
fjvznj5BTK0-00630-00153440-00153922 to petrochemical plants in addition to
fjvznj5BTK0-00631-00153923-00154138 concerns about the physical reproduction
fjvznj5BTK0-00632-00154139-00154357 of community members indigenous people
fjvznj5BTK0-00633-00154358-00154543 are concerned about how environmental
fjvznj5BTK0-00634-00154544-00154752 contamination impacts the reproduction
fjvznj5BTK0-00635-00154753-00155052 of cultural knowledge in Jinan oral
fjvznj5BTK0-00636-00155053-00155226 traditions once passed down from
fjvznj5BTK0-00637-00155227-00155398 grandfathers during fishing or
fjvznj5BTK0-00638-00155399-00155587 grandmothers during very picking and
fjvznj5BTK0-00639-00155588-00155773 medicine gathering are being lost as
fjvznj5BTK0-00640-00155774-00155979 those activities are no longer practiced
fjvznj5BTK0-00641-00155980-00156160 because of concerns about these foods
fjvznj5BTK0-00642-00156161-00156460 being contaminated rocks once used for
fjvznj5BTK0-00643-00156461-00156637 sweat lodges are no longer being
fjvznj5BTK0-00644-00156638-00156847 collected from local streams because the
fjvznj5BTK0-00645-00156848-00157104 streams have become contaminated the
fjvznj5BTK0-00646-00157105-00157338 cedar used for making tea smudging and
fjvznj5BTK0-00647-00157339-00157566 washing babies contains vanadium at
fjvznj5BTK0-00648-00157567-00157788 concentrations as high as 6 milligrams
fjvznj5BTK0-00649-00157789-00158209 per kilogram reflecting local releases
fjvznj5BTK0-00650-00158210-00158461 to Arab greater than 611 tons of
fjvznj5BTK0-00651-00158462-00158853 vanadium between 2001 and 2010
fjvznj5BTK0-00652-00158854-00159111 at a question community members report a
fjvznj5BTK0-00653-00159112-00159294 loss of language and culture around
fjvznj5BTK0-00654-00159295-00159462 subsistence activities like fishing
fjvznj5BTK0-00655-00159463-00159675 which have been largely abandoned
fjvznj5BTK0-00656-00159676-00159837 because of fears of exposure to
fjvznj5BTK0-00657-00159838-00160264 contaminants
fjvznj5BTK0-00658-00160265-00160427 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00659-00160428-00160988 topic climate change
fjvznj5BTK0-00660-00160989-00161172 traditional ecological knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00661-00161173-00161407 provides information about climate
fjvznj5BTK0-00662-00161408-00161649 change across generations and geography
fjvznj5BTK0-00663-00161650-00161879 of the actual residents in the area
fjvznj5BTK0-00664-00161880-00162096 traditional ecological knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00665-00162097-00162321 emphasizes and makes the information
fjvznj5BTK0-00666-00162322-00162498 about the health and interactions of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00667-00162499-00162634 environment the center of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00668-00162635-00162912 information it carries climate change
fjvznj5BTK0-00669-00162913-00163110 affects traditional ecological knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00670-00163111-00163335 in the forms of the indigenous people's
fjvznj5BTK0-00671-00163336-00163488 identity and the way they live their
fjvznj5BTK0-00672-00163489-00163768 lives the traditions that are still
fjvznj5BTK0-00673-00163769-00163941 upheld and they depend on for their
fjvznj5BTK0-00674-00163942-00164091 livelihood are being threatened
fjvznj5BTK0-00675-00164092-00164356 for many harvesting seasons they have
fjvznj5BTK0-00676-00164357-00164511 had to move at months earlier due to
fjvznj5BTK0-00677-00164512-00164835 climate change the rising temperature
fjvznj5BTK0-00678-00164836-00165051 poses as threats for ecosystems because
fjvznj5BTK0-00679-00165052-00165268 it harms the livelihoods of certain tree
fjvznj5BTK0-00680-00165269-00165573 and plant species the combination of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00681-00165574-00165762 rise in temperatures and change in
fjvznj5BTK0-00682-00165763-00165970 precipitation levels affects plant
fjvznj5BTK0-00683-00165971-00166263 growth locations climate change has
fjvznj5BTK0-00684-00166264-00166434 wiped out much of the Salman aids and
fjvznj5BTK0-00685-00166435-00166629 acorns which make up a significant
fjvznj5BTK0-00686-00166630-00166894 portion of the couric people's food the
fjvznj5BTK0-00687-00166895-00167107 increase in temperatures has stunted the
fjvznj5BTK0-00688-00167108-00167332 wild riah's ability to grow and that has
fjvznj5BTK0-00689-00167333-00167547 a negative influence on the Anishinabe
fjvznj5BTK0-00690-00167548-00167865 people's lifestyle the Ojibwe people are
fjvznj5BTK0-00691-00167866-00168084 also affected by the rising temperatures
fjvznj5BTK0-00692-00168085-00168297 effect on rice growth the warming also
fjvznj5BTK0-00693-00168298-00168609 affects insects and animals the change
fjvznj5BTK0-00694-00168610-00168834 in temperatures can affect many aspects
fjvznj5BTK0-00695-00168835-00169014 from the times that insects emerge
fjvznj5BTK0-00696-00169015-00169183 throughout the year to the changes in
fjvznj5BTK0-00697-00169184-00169341 the habitats of animals throughout
fjvznj5BTK0-00698-00169342-00169657 seasonal changes in Maine the loss of
fjvznj5BTK0-00699-00169658-00169843 certain habitats and the increase in
fjvznj5BTK0-00700-00169844-00170071 temperatures especially in the colder
fjvznj5BTK0-00701-00170072-00170313 seasons encourages the survival of ticks
fjvznj5BTK0-00702-00170314-00170514 that harm the moose population as the
fjvznj5BTK0-00703-00170515-00170758 temperature gets hotter wildfires become
fjvznj5BTK0-00704-00170759-00171051 more likely one indigenous nation in
fjvznj5BTK0-00705-00171052-00171279 Australia was recently given back land
fjvznj5BTK0-00706-00171280-00171496 as a running it as Park Rangers to start
fjvznj5BTK0-00707-00171497-00171672 their own controlled fires as was their
fjvznj5BTK0-00708-00171673-00171921 tradition doing this there was better
fjvznj5BTK0-00709-00171922-00172146 biodiversity and wildfires are less
fjvznj5BTK0-00710-00172147-00172321 severe and less common due to this
fjvznj5BTK0-00711-00172322-00172614 tradition not only are different aspects
fjvznj5BTK0-00712-00172615-00172800 of the environment affected but together
fjvznj5BTK0-00713-00172801-00173040 the health of the ecosystem is affected
fjvznj5BTK0-00714-00173041-00173194 by climate change and so the
fjvznj5BTK0-00715-00173195-00173421 environmental resources available to the
fjvznj5BTK0-00716-00173422-00173598 indigenous people can change in the
fjvznj5BTK0-00717-00173599-00173787 amount available and the quality of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00718-00173788-00174019 resources the Navajo Nation peoples in
fjvznj5BTK0-00719-00174020-00174198 the southwestern United States are
fjvznj5BTK0-00720-00174199-00174307 victims to the Pulu
fjvznj5BTK0-00721-00174308-00174588 in the air climate change increases
fjvznj5BTK0-00722-00174589-00174775 chances for droughts which lead to the
fjvznj5BTK0-00723-00174776-00174973 dangers of airborne dust to be picked up
fjvznj5BTK0-00724-00174974-00175263 from the ground water resources are also
fjvznj5BTK0-00725-00175264-00175554 affected in particular about a third of
fjvznj5BTK0-00726-00175555-00175725 the Navajo Nation people need to
fjvznj5BTK0-00727-00175726-00176004 physically attain their own water damage
fjvznj5BTK0-00728-00176005-00176202 to their water resources poses as
fjvznj5BTK0-00729-00176203-00176395 dangers to overall health and crop
fjvznj5BTK0-00730-00176396-00176697 failures in Arizona the Fort Apache
fjvznj5BTK0-00731-00176698-00176944 reservations children are victims to the
fjvznj5BTK0-00732-00176945-00177141 rising temperatures in their water which
fjvznj5BTK0-00733-00177142-00177343 allows more impurities to grow in the
fjvznj5BTK0-00734-00177344-00177540 water and causes them to have diarrhea
fjvznj5BTK0-00735-00177541-00177781 and stomach problems as sea ice levels
fjvznj5BTK0-00736-00177782-00177985 decrease Alaskan native peoples
fjvznj5BTK0-00737-00177986-00178227 experience changes in their daily lives
fjvznj5BTK0-00738-00178228-00178452 fishing transportation social and
fjvznj5BTK0-00739-00178453-00178672 economic aspects of their lives become
fjvznj5BTK0-00740-00178673-00178984 more unsafe the native peoples residing
fjvznj5BTK0-00741-00178985-00179194 on the Gulf and west coasts are affected
fjvznj5BTK0-00742-00179195-00179395 by the rising sea temperatures because
fjvznj5BTK0-00743-00179396-00179584 that makes the fish and shellfish that
fjvznj5BTK0-00744-00179585-00179766 they rely on for food and cultural
fjvznj5BTK0-00745-00179767-00179935 activities more susceptible to
fjvznj5BTK0-00746-00179936-00180252 contamination the defrosting of soil has
fjvznj5BTK0-00747-00180253-00180475 caused damages to buildings and roadways
fjvznj5BTK0-00748-00180476-00180799 water contamination becomes exacerbated
fjvznj5BTK0-00749-00180800-00181041 as clean water resources dwindle climate
fjvznj5BTK0-00750-00181042-00181251 changes undermine the daily lives of the
fjvznj5BTK0-00751-00181252-00181515 native peoples on many levels for
fjvznj5BTK0-00752-00181516-00181713 example to immediately deal with these
fjvznj5BTK0-00753-00181714-00181924 conditions the indigenous people adjust
fjvznj5BTK0-00754-00181925-00182134 when they harvest and what they harvest
fjvznj5BTK0-00755-00182135-00182358 and also adjust their resource use
fjvznj5BTK0-00756-00182359-00182628 climate change can change the accuracy
fjvznj5BTK0-00757-00182629-00182794 of the information of traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00758-00182795-00183039 ecological knowledge the indigenous
fjvznj5BTK0-00759-00183040-00183276 people have relied deeply on indicators
fjvznj5BTK0-00760-00183277-00183487 in nature to plan activities and even
fjvznj5BTK0-00761-00183488-00183772 for short-term weather predictions as a
fjvznj5BTK0-00762-00183773-00183946 result of even more increasing
fjvznj5BTK0-00763-00183947-00184144 unfavorable conditions the indigenous
fjvznj5BTK0-00764-00184145-00184353 people relocate to find other ways to
fjvznj5BTK0-00765-00184354-00184662 survive as a result there is a loss of
fjvznj5BTK0-00766-00184663-00184851 cultural ties to the lands they once
fjvznj5BTK0-00767-00184852-00185074 resided on and there is also a loss to
fjvznj5BTK0-00768-00185075-00185226 the traditional ecological knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00769-00185227-00185506 they had with the land their climate
fjvznj5BTK0-00770-00185507-00185707 change adaptations not properly
fjvznj5BTK0-00771-00185708-00185904 structured or implemented can harm the
fjvznj5BTK0-00772-00185905-00186150 indigenous peoples rights the EPA has
fjvznj5BTK0-00773-00186151-00186327 mentioned that it would take traditional
fjvznj5BTK0-00774-00186328-00186556 ecological knowledge into consideration
fjvznj5BTK0-00775-00186557-00186748 in planning adaptations to climate
fjvznj5BTK0-00776-00186749-00186978 change the National Resource
fjvznj5BTK0-00777-00186979-00187144 Conservation Service of the United
fjvznj5BTK0-00778-00187145-00187387 States Department of Agriculture has
fjvznj5BTK0-00779-00187388-00187590 used methods of the indigenous people to
fjvznj5BTK0-00780-00187591-00187670 combat climb
fjvznj5BTK0-00781-00187671-00188016 change conditions
fjvznj5BTK0-00782-00188017-00188263 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00783-00188264-00188625 topic case-study Savoonga and Shaktoolik
fjvznj5BTK0-00784-00188626-00189046 Alaska
fjvznj5BTK0-00785-00189047-00189334 in one study villagers of sivanna and
fjvznj5BTK0-00786-00189335-00189556 Czech Toolik Alaska reported that over
fjvznj5BTK0-00787-00189557-00189772 the last 20 years of their lives the
fjvznj5BTK0-00788-00189773-00189951 weather has become more difficult to
fjvznj5BTK0-00789-00189952-00190161 predict the colder season has shortened
fjvznj5BTK0-00790-00190162-00190360 there is more difficulty in predicting
fjvznj5BTK0-00791-00190361-00190527 the amount of plants available for
fjvznj5BTK0-00792-00190528-00190747 harvests there are differences in animal
fjvznj5BTK0-00793-00190748-00190948 migrations there are more sightings of
fjvznj5BTK0-00794-00190949-00191119 new species than before and the
fjvznj5BTK0-00795-00191120-00191316 activities of hunting and gathering have
fjvznj5BTK0-00796-00191317-00191526 become not as predictable nor occur as
fjvznj5BTK0-00797-00191527-00191712 often due to more limited availability
fjvznj5BTK0-00798-00191713-00192046 to do so the residents saw a noticeable
fjvznj5BTK0-00799-00192047-00192220 change in their climate which also
fjvznj5BTK0-00800-00192221-00192486 affected their livelihoods the plants
fjvznj5BTK0-00801-00192487-00192675 and animals are not as consistent with
fjvznj5BTK0-00802-00192676-00192849 their availability which affects the
fjvznj5BTK0-00803-00192850-00193045 residences hunting and gathering because
fjvznj5BTK0-00804-00193046-00193221 there is not as much to hunt or gather
fjvznj5BTK0-00805-00193222-00193522 the appearance of new species of plants
fjvznj5BTK0-00806-00193523-00193723 and animals is also a physical and
fjvznj5BTK0-00807-00193724-00193929 nutritional safety concern because they
fjvznj5BTK0-00808-00193930-00194464 are not traditionally part of the land
fjvznj5BTK0-00809-00194465-00194626 you
fjvznj5BTK0-00810-00194627-00195169 topic see also
fjvznj5BTK0-00811-00195170-00195587 Agro ecology traditional knowledge
fjvznj5BTK0-00812-00195588-00195958 African insect tack
fkpr3iR-zNo-00000-00001551-00001743 may clarity be yours
fkpr3iR-zNo-00001-00001744-00002030 may understanding be yours through
fkpr3iR-zNo-00002-00002032-00002110 reflection
fkpr3iR-zNo-00003-00002111-00002359 through personal endeavor through
fkpr3iR-zNo-00004-00002360-00002487 respect
fkpr3iR-zNo-00005-00002488-00002879 the virtues which bind us as one
fkpr3iR-zNo-00006-00002880-00003183 may we be filled with well-being
fkpr3iR-zNo-00007-00003184-00004047 be be bound together unified
fkpr3iR-zNo-00008-00004047-00004327 thank you theresa what a beautiful way
fkpr3iR-zNo-00009-00004328-00004447 to start this
fkpr3iR-zNo-00010-00004448-00004654 conversation we're doing so teresa and i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00011-00004655-00004806 hosting today's
fkpr3iR-zNo-00012-00004807-00005031 session um i'm gonna start i'll
fkpr3iR-zNo-00013-00005032-00005199 introduce myself theresa will introduce
fkpr3iR-zNo-00014-00005200-00005399 herself later as she introduces
fkpr3iR-zNo-00015-00005400-00005711 rangi maria so my name is lina green and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00016-00005712-00005870 i'm speaking to you from the land of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00017-00005871-00005967 ohlone people
fkpr3iR-zNo-00018-00005968-00006222 in cupertino california i'm the ceo and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00019-00006223-00006399 founder of angels of impact based in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00020-00006400-00006623 singapore san francisco and new zealand
fkpr3iR-zNo-00021-00006623-00006846 it's an evergreen fund offering funding
fkpr3iR-zNo-00022-00006847-00007006 and technical assistance to women of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00023-00007008-00007103 color
fkpr3iR-zNo-00024-00007104-00007287 led community-based enterprises
fkpr3iR-zNo-00025-00007288-00007527 overcoming systemic poverty
fkpr3iR-zNo-00026-00007528-00007710 we support the missing middle funding
fkpr3iR-zNo-00027-00007711-00007951 gap that are too large for microfinance
fkpr3iR-zNo-00028-00007952-00008142 and yet too small for traditional impact
fkpr3iR-zNo-00029-00008143-00008239 investors
fkpr3iR-zNo-00030-00008240-00008423 and we work to offer entrepreneur
fkpr3iR-zNo-00031-00008424-00008574 friendly terms using restorative
fkpr3iR-zNo-00032-00008575-00008727 investing frameworks
fkpr3iR-zNo-00033-00008728-00008974 so today's session just to give you some
fkpr3iR-zNo-00034-00008975-00009078 context
fkpr3iR-zNo-00035-00009079-00009231 is actually a continuation of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00036-00009232-00009487 session treason i co-hosted at the last
fkpr3iR-zNo-00037-00009488-00009742 ehf springboard event and we called it
fkpr3iR-zNo-00038-00009743-00010014 then rethinking impact investing the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00039-00010015-00010135 truth is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00040-00010136-00010383 impact investing is not enough to tackle
fkpr3iR-zNo-00041-00010384-00010606 social and environmental justice
fkpr3iR-zNo-00042-00010607-00010823 it is definitely better than traditional
fkpr3iR-zNo-00043-00010824-00010910 finance
fkpr3iR-zNo-00044-00010911-00011174 but it's not good enough its focus on do
fkpr3iR-zNo-00045-00011175-00011278 good do well
fkpr3iR-zNo-00046-00011279-00011559 does not lead to systemic change needed
fkpr3iR-zNo-00047-00011560-00011695 for a truly
fkpr3iR-zNo-00048-00011696-00011999 just and regenerative economy often when
fkpr3iR-zNo-00049-00012000-00012183 we talk about regenerative tense we do
fkpr3iR-zNo-00050-00012184-00012374 not include the justice and the social
fkpr3iR-zNo-00051-00012375-00012519 component to it
fkpr3iR-zNo-00052-00012520-00012695 so today interestingly in s social
fkpr3iR-zNo-00053-00012696-00012910 venture circle esther park who is the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00054-00012911-00013127 ceo of senega capital actually mentioned
fkpr3iR-zNo-00055-00013128-00013311 how regenerative agriculture
fkpr3iR-zNo-00056-00013312-00013447 has been practiced by indigenous
fkpr3iR-zNo-00057-00013447-00013671 communities for a long long time forever
fkpr3iR-zNo-00058-00013672-00013943 right but their approach is even deeper
fkpr3iR-zNo-00059-00013944-00014063 in the us native
fkpr3iR-zNo-00060-00014063-00014366 communities call it kin-centric and she
fkpr3iR-zNo-00061-00014368-00014527 even suggested we should be calling it
fkpr3iR-zNo-00062-00014528-00014655 relationship
fkpr3iR-zNo-00063-00014656-00014911 relational agriculture rather than just
fkpr3iR-zNo-00064-00014912-00015094 regenerative agriculture
fkpr3iR-zNo-00065-00015095-00015303 the monitor group report from blueprint
fkpr3iR-zNo-00066-00015304-00015430 to scale called
fkpr3iR-zNo-00067-00015431-00015703 for philanthropy to be used for impact
fkpr3iR-zNo-00068-00015704-00015894 investing as they clearly showed that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00069-00015895-00016015 impact investors
fkpr3iR-zNo-00070-00016016-00016191 do not address systemic change
fkpr3iR-zNo-00071-00016191-00016358 especially for social issues like
fkpr3iR-zNo-00072-00016359-00016479 poverty
fkpr3iR-zNo-00073-00016480-00016758 environment environmental justice in a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00074-00016759-00016894 jedi collaborative conference i was
fkpr3iR-zNo-00075-00016895-00017103 involved in organizing last year
fkpr3iR-zNo-00076-00017104-00017399 rodney foxwood from common future said
fkpr3iR-zNo-00077-00017400-00017567 the system of finance has an
fkpr3iR-zNo-00078-00017568-00017783 intentional design to keep marginalized
fkpr3iR-zNo-00079-00017784-00017935 communities down
fkpr3iR-zNo-00080-00017936-00018239 and extract from them so we need to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00081-00018240-00018414 really recognize this the system
fkpr3iR-zNo-00082-00018415-00018799 is clearly not broke it is rigged
fkpr3iR-zNo-00083-00018800-00019071 it's fixed to benefit the few at the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00084-00019072-00019230 expense of people and planet
fkpr3iR-zNo-00085-00019231-00019447 and until we recognize that we cannot
fkpr3iR-zNo-00086-00019448-00019622 use the same system
fkpr3iR-zNo-00087-00019623-00019814 that created the problems to solve them
fkpr3iR-zNo-00088-00019815-00020071 as well we will never make the necessary
fkpr3iR-zNo-00089-00020072-00020158 systems change
fkpr3iR-zNo-00090-00020159-00020343 good intentions alone are not enough
fkpr3iR-zNo-00091-00020344-00020519 after all the road to hell
fkpr3iR-zNo-00092-00020520-00020822 is paved with good intentions i first
fkpr3iR-zNo-00093-00020823-00021022 heard restorative financing from rodney
fkpr3iR-zNo-00094-00021023-00021111 a few years back
fkpr3iR-zNo-00095-00021112-00021311 and he attributed restorative economics
fkpr3iR-zNo-00096-00021312-00021471 to nomako akbar
fkpr3iR-zNo-00097-00021472-00021614 she is really the mother of this
fkpr3iR-zNo-00098-00021615-00021775 groundbreaking thinking in the united
fkpr3iR-zNo-00099-00021776-00021847 states
fkpr3iR-zNo-00100-00021848-00022014 and her work in this space is so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00101-00022015-00022214 groundbreaking that recently she was
fkpr3iR-zNo-00102-00022215-00022350 approached to be the sea of a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00103-00022351-00022527 restorative finance fund
fkpr3iR-zNo-00104-00022528-00022719 founded by a newly inherited third
fkpr3iR-zNo-00105-00022720-00022958 generation uh wealthy person under the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00106-00022959-00023119 katali foundation and she can tell you
fkpr3iR-zNo-00107-00023120-00023255 more about it
fkpr3iR-zNo-00108-00023256-00023478 with restorative investing we're not
fkpr3iR-zNo-00109-00023479-00023622 just talking about moving
fkpr3iR-zNo-00110-00023623-00023863 funds to marginalized communities we're
fkpr3iR-zNo-00111-00023864-00023999 looking deeper
fkpr3iR-zNo-00112-00024000-00024199 we're looking at the implicit biases as
fkpr3iR-zNo-00113-00024200-00024319 to who gets invested
fkpr3iR-zNo-00114-00024320-00024655 into how we invest into communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00115-00024656-00024855 the terms in which we invest are the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00116-00024856-00024975 extractive
fkpr3iR-zNo-00117-00024976-00025230 and even impact metrics who determines
fkpr3iR-zNo-00118-00025231-00025407 it the investors are the ones with the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00119-00025408-00025519 lived experience
fkpr3iR-zNo-00120-00025520-00025743 right common future and racial equity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00121-00025744-00025911 left has actually presented some
fkpr3iR-zNo-00122-00025912-00026070 frameworks around racial equity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00123-00026072-00026239 investing which i really recommend that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00124-00026239-00026383 you look at
fkpr3iR-zNo-00125-00026383-00026623 recently i had the fortune to meet rangi
fkpr3iR-zNo-00126-00026624-00026743 maria price at an
fkpr3iR-zNo-00127-00026744-00026927 impact investing conference organized by
fkpr3iR-zNo-00128-00026927-00027167 stephen muy an ehf fellow
fkpr3iR-zNo-00129-00027168-00027367 and found out about models developed
fkpr3iR-zNo-00130-00027368-00027479 here in new zealand
fkpr3iR-zNo-00131-00027480-00027743 based on maori values and wisdom the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00132-00027744-00027918 kanga-led investing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00133-00027919-00028190 i began to see common threads in these
fkpr3iR-zNo-00134-00028191-00028287 new models
fkpr3iR-zNo-00135-00028288-00028558 and wanted to link these conversations
fkpr3iR-zNo-00136-00028560-00028855 so we can learn and innovate together
fkpr3iR-zNo-00137-00028856-00029055 this is really an opportunity for new
fkpr3iR-zNo-00138-00029056-00029231 zealand to reimagine
fkpr3iR-zNo-00139-00029232-00029446 investing and not just import the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00140-00029447-00029631 traditional impact investing of do good
fkpr3iR-zNo-00141-00029632-00029743 duel
fkpr3iR-zNo-00142-00029744-00030023 we can build a just and regenerative
fkpr3iR-zNo-00143-00030024-00030070 model
fkpr3iR-zNo-00144-00030072-00030311 for a better world so today we will
fkpr3iR-zNo-00145-00030312-00030455 start the panel
fkpr3iR-zNo-00146-00030456-00030751 with nomako akbo who as i said earlier i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00147-00030752-00031014 call the mother of restorative economics
fkpr3iR-zNo-00148-00031016-00031214 namaka is the ceo of the ketali
fkpr3iR-zNo-00149-00031216-00031446 foundation and the restorative economics
fkpr3iR-zNo-00150-00031447-00031535 fund
fkpr3iR-zNo-00151-00031536-00031695 with a background in community
fkpr3iR-zNo-00152-00031695-00031990 organizing electoral campaigns
fkpr3iR-zNo-00153-00031991-00032199 policy and advocacy work on racial
fkpr3iR-zNo-00154-00032200-00032431 social and environmental justice
fkpr3iR-zNo-00155-00032432-00032639 and namaka is deeply committed in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00156-00032639-00032911 supporting projects that build resilient
fkpr3iR-zNo-00157-00032912-00033159 healthy and self-determined communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00158-00033160-00033231 rooted
fkpr3iR-zNo-00159-00033232-00033607 in shared prosperity nomaka provided
fkpr3iR-zNo-00160-00033608-00033759 technical assistance and strategic
fkpr3iR-zNo-00161-00033760-00033799 guidance
fkpr3iR-zNo-00162-00033800-00034062 to community-owned governed community
fkpr3iR-zNo-00163-00034063-00034271 welfare initiatives such as
fkpr3iR-zNo-00164-00034272-00034574 restore oakland black land and power and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00165-00034575-00034655 others
fkpr3iR-zNo-00166-00034656-00034846 and she has also advised institutions
fkpr3iR-zNo-00167-00034847-00035087 such as the san francisco foundation
fkpr3iR-zNo-00168-00035088-00035502 and most of you know rsf social finance
fkpr3iR-zNo-00169-00035503-00035862 the flaw is all yours
fkpr3iR-zNo-00170-00035863-00036046 thank you always for the warmest um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00171-00036047-00036239 welcomes and introductions lina it's
fkpr3iR-zNo-00172-00036240-00036479 always a pleasure to be invited to share
fkpr3iR-zNo-00173-00036480-00036751 um a little bit of about my work and how
fkpr3iR-zNo-00174-00036752-00036783 i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00175-00036784-00037039 approach the opportunity that we're in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00176-00037040-00037102 now
fkpr3iR-zNo-00177-00037103-00037415 as a collective humanity and so um what
fkpr3iR-zNo-00178-00037416-00037479 i would like
fkpr3iR-zNo-00179-00037480-00037743 to say by ways of introductions as i set
fkpr3iR-zNo-00180-00037744-00037839 up my screen
fkpr3iR-zNo-00181-00037840-00038215 share is that while um this is a very
fkpr3iR-zNo-00182-00038216-00038367 international space which i'm very
fkpr3iR-zNo-00183-00038368-00038543 excited to see and i look forward to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00184-00038544-00038751 participating in the breakout groups
fkpr3iR-zNo-00185-00038752-00038895 where we'll start to actually see what
fkpr3iR-zNo-00186-00038896-00039118 are the commonalities and threads
fkpr3iR-zNo-00187-00039119-00039271 between what i'll present and what we'll
fkpr3iR-zNo-00188-00039272-00039439 have the pleasure of listening to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00189-00039440-00039711 ringa marie present my work and the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00190-00039712-00039815 framework is very much
fkpr3iR-zNo-00191-00039816-00040062 informed by my experience in the global
fkpr3iR-zNo-00192-00040063-00040262 north in the united states
fkpr3iR-zNo-00193-00040263-00040455 and as a person who identifies as a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00194-00040456-00040574 black female
fkpr3iR-zNo-00195-00040575-00040823 daughter of immigrants and so just want
fkpr3iR-zNo-00196-00040824-00041030 to invite people to think about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00197-00041031-00041215 um as i'm going through my piece what
fkpr3iR-zNo-00198-00041216-00041390 are the frameworks
fkpr3iR-zNo-00199-00041391-00041607 and principles of the work that may
fkpr3iR-zNo-00200-00041608-00041702 align with you
fkpr3iR-zNo-00201-00041703-00041911 your lived experience your community
fkpr3iR-zNo-00202-00041912-00042030 even if the specific
fkpr3iR-zNo-00203-00042031-00042399 language that i use does not and so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00204-00042400-00042558 just wanted to kind of preface that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00205-00042559-00042774 because i always try to be mindful about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00206-00042775-00043030 language and how some of the content
fkpr3iR-zNo-00207-00043031-00043158 gets translated across
fkpr3iR-zNo-00208-00043159-00043567 communities but as elena said um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00209-00043568-00043783 i come to this work as somebody who has
fkpr3iR-zNo-00210-00043784-00043902 been deeply rooted
fkpr3iR-zNo-00211-00043903-00044143 in community organizing in electoral
fkpr3iR-zNo-00212-00044144-00044230 politics
fkpr3iR-zNo-00213-00044231-00044527 i'm also been working on policy and so i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00214-00044528-00044767 found my way to the field of impact
fkpr3iR-zNo-00215-00044768-00044862 investing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00216-00044863-00045023 as somebody who is really trying to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00217-00045024-00045174 understand less
fkpr3iR-zNo-00218-00045175-00045390 about the investment side and more about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00219-00045391-00045518 the impact side
fkpr3iR-zNo-00220-00045519-00045751 how do we actually look to redistribute
fkpr3iR-zNo-00221-00045752-00045911 wealth and resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-00222-00045912-00046158 um between communities in a way that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00223-00046159-00046271 helps to actually create
fkpr3iR-zNo-00224-00046272-00046574 more equity and more justice for all
fkpr3iR-zNo-00225-00046575-00046799 and so i'm just wanted to kind of also
fkpr3iR-zNo-00226-00046800-00046935 lift that up that my
fkpr3iR-zNo-00227-00046936-00047167 work is very much focused in on how are
fkpr3iR-zNo-00228-00047168-00047399 we creating material outcomes
fkpr3iR-zNo-00229-00047400-00047511 for those that have been most
fkpr3iR-zNo-00230-00047512-00047799 historically impacted and on the ground
fkpr3iR-zNo-00231-00047800-00048086 and so to kind of um jump into it i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00232-00048087-00048151 think
fkpr3iR-zNo-00233-00048152-00048383 i always try to invite people to sit
fkpr3iR-zNo-00234-00048384-00048623 with an understanding of how we come to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00235-00048624-00048702 understand
fkpr3iR-zNo-00236-00048703-00048935 economy and economy being kind of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00237-00048936-00049127 meta ways that we also then
fkpr3iR-zNo-00238-00049128-00049302 think about investments in the terms
fkpr3iR-zNo-00239-00049303-00049527 under which we invest
fkpr3iR-zNo-00240-00049528-00049711 and so much of what i learned when i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00241-00049712-00049943 went back to graduate school is that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00242-00049944-00050127 when we're looking to kind of define the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00243-00050128-00050255 word economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00244-00050256-00050486 and have an understanding around what is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00245-00050487-00050655 happening in the performance of our
fkpr3iR-zNo-00246-00050656-00050735 economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00247-00050736-00050943 we're looking at metrics like supply and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00248-00050944-00051238 demand we're using words like elasticity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00249-00051239-00051438 we're very much focused in on the import
fkpr3iR-zNo-00250-00051439-00051575 and export right
fkpr3iR-zNo-00251-00051576-00051735 and so we're talking about the things
fkpr3iR-zNo-00252-00051736-00051926 that are focused in on the dollars and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00253-00051927-00052150 cents but these things don't necessarily
fkpr3iR-zNo-00254-00052151-00052342 speak to the lived experience
fkpr3iR-zNo-00255-00052344-00052654 of the majority of people nor do they
fkpr3iR-zNo-00256-00052655-00052703 fully
fkpr3iR-zNo-00257-00052704-00053023 recognize how you can have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00258-00053024-00053207 the cognitive dissonance of numbers
fkpr3iR-zNo-00259-00053208-00053335 performing well
fkpr3iR-zNo-00260-00053336-00053575 but people having a poor quality of life
fkpr3iR-zNo-00261-00053576-00053694 and so all this to say
fkpr3iR-zNo-00262-00053695-00053854 when we take a moment to remind
fkpr3iR-zNo-00263-00053855-00054071 ourselves what is the root meaning of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00264-00054072-00054230 the word economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00265-00054232-00054454 i'm an organization that i always i can
fkpr3iR-zNo-00266-00054455-00054566 never think enough
fkpr3iR-zNo-00267-00054567-00054815 for reminding me of this movement
fkpr3iR-zNo-00268-00054816-00054991 generation
fkpr3iR-zNo-00269-00054991-00055223 always calls us into remembering that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00270-00055224-00055438 the greek meaning of the word economy is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00271-00055439-00055623 the management of home
fkpr3iR-zNo-00272-00055624-00055782 and so when i think about my home i'm
fkpr3iR-zNo-00273-00055783-00055950 actually not thinking about dollars and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00274-00055951-00056159 cents i'm not thinking about gdp
fkpr3iR-zNo-00275-00056160-00056447 i'm actually thinking about my cultures
fkpr3iR-zNo-00276-00056448-00056638 my traditions what it meant to be raised
fkpr3iR-zNo-00277-00056639-00056838 by the daughter of nigerian immigrants
fkpr3iR-zNo-00278-00056839-00056982 i'm thinking about what does it look
fkpr3iR-zNo-00279-00056983-00057223 like to create safe and sacred space
fkpr3iR-zNo-00280-00057224-00057399 and so there's an opportunity for us to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00281-00057400-00057599 start to have a different
fkpr3iR-zNo-00282-00057600-00057782 world view a different lens under which
fkpr3iR-zNo-00283-00057783-00057975 we come to understand economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00284-00057976-00058230 and one in which we're looking at the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00285-00058232-00058399 meaning of the word in terms of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00286-00058400-00058630 what is our collective home and how do
fkpr3iR-zNo-00287-00058632-00058719 we actually
fkpr3iR-zNo-00288-00058720-00058999 think about moving resources in a way
fkpr3iR-zNo-00289-00059000-00059126 that it lends us to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00290-00059127-00059319 the management of our collective home
fkpr3iR-zNo-00291-00059320-00059503 creating that safe and sacred space
fkpr3iR-zNo-00292-00059504-00059871 for all people and so in knowing that i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00293-00059872-00059999 think one of the things that we're all
fkpr3iR-zNo-00294-00060000-00060166 too familiar with when it comes to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00295-00060167-00060359 traditional economic models
fkpr3iR-zNo-00296-00060360-00060591 is that typically when investors
fkpr3iR-zNo-00297-00060591-00060679 developers
fkpr3iR-zNo-00298-00060679-00060911 financers seek to invest resources into
fkpr3iR-zNo-00299-00060912-00061126 a community into a project
fkpr3iR-zNo-00300-00061127-00061423 those individuals who are oftentimes the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00301-00061424-00061559 decision makers
fkpr3iR-zNo-00302-00061560-00061823 sit outside of the community that stands
fkpr3iR-zNo-00303-00061824-00062047 to be most directly impacted
fkpr3iR-zNo-00304-00062048-00062271 by that specific project right so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00305-00062272-00062438 whether that is moving money to a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00306-00062439-00062591 specific enterprise
fkpr3iR-zNo-00307-00062591-00062799 whether that is putting resources into a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00308-00062800-00063015 community development project
fkpr3iR-zNo-00309-00063016-00063223 oftentimes those people that have the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00310-00063224-00063326 resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-00311-00063327-00063550 don't come from that community and so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00312-00063551-00063775 they are only engaging with the positive
fkpr3iR-zNo-00313-00063776-00063966 externalities of the project
fkpr3iR-zNo-00314-00063967-00064319 i.e the financial returns meanwhile we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00315-00064320-00064463 know that those that live
fkpr3iR-zNo-00316-00064464-00064663 there are the ones that are directly
fkpr3iR-zNo-00317-00064664-00064815 impacted by what does it mean to have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00318-00064816-00064919 noise pollution
fkpr3iR-zNo-00319-00064920-00065103 what does it mean to have um your
fkpr3iR-zNo-00320-00065104-00065263 streets closed down while development is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00321-00065264-00065366 happening
fkpr3iR-zNo-00322-00065367-00065559 and so i think the opportunity again if
fkpr3iR-zNo-00323-00065560-00065759 we want to continue to shift our world
fkpr3iR-zNo-00324-00065760-00065959 lens and how we think about this work
fkpr3iR-zNo-00325-00065960-00066150 is to really figure out how are we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00326-00066151-00066294 moving resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-00327-00066295-00066519 and how are we investing in projects
fkpr3iR-zNo-00328-00066520-00066694 that are ensuring that those that stand
fkpr3iR-zNo-00329-00066695-00066903 to be most directly impacted
fkpr3iR-zNo-00330-00066904-00067175 are also the decision makers this is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00331-00067176-00067359 also a way that we start to manage
fkpr3iR-zNo-00332-00067360-00067559 the power and privilege that investors
fkpr3iR-zNo-00333-00067560-00067663 often times
fkpr3iR-zNo-00334-00067664-00067903 can wield over vulnerable communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00335-00067904-00068094 that do need that deep investment
fkpr3iR-zNo-00336-00068095-00068350 but are not invited into the table to be
fkpr3iR-zNo-00337-00068351-00068519 a part of making the shared decisions
fkpr3iR-zNo-00338-00068520-00068703 around what that investment is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00339-00068704-00068823 what it looks like and how that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00340-00068824-00069015 community is being resourced and built
fkpr3iR-zNo-00341-00069016-00069175 out
fkpr3iR-zNo-00342-00069176-00069382 and so we have an opportunity to really
fkpr3iR-zNo-00343-00069383-00069550 think about how do we start to pivot
fkpr3iR-zNo-00344-00069551-00069799 from an economy right that old paradigm
fkpr3iR-zNo-00345-00069800-00069991 that's very much rooted in extraction of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00346-00069992-00070126 natural resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-00347-00070127-00070303 accumulation of wealth and land
fkpr3iR-zNo-00348-00070304-00070526 exclusion from certain communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00349-00070527-00070759 particularly black and brown in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00350-00070760-00070975 immigrant and indigenous communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00351-00070976-00071262 in the case of the united states how do
fkpr3iR-zNo-00352-00071263-00071359 we think about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00353-00071360-00071606 transitioning from those old values
fkpr3iR-zNo-00354-00071607-00071767 those old ways
fkpr3iR-zNo-00355-00071768-00071935 of our economic system and model and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00356-00071936-00072087 starting to move towards
fkpr3iR-zNo-00357-00072088-00072287 the values that we started to lift up
fkpr3iR-zNo-00358-00072288-00072526 right so when lana talks about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00359-00072527-00072726 regeneration and how we think about not
fkpr3iR-zNo-00360-00072727-00072919 just regeneration in terms of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00361-00072920-00073143 agriculture but also relational giving
fkpr3iR-zNo-00362-00073144-00073311 what does it look like to move from
fkpr3iR-zNo-00363-00073312-00073415 extraction
fkpr3iR-zNo-00364-00073416-00073582 towards something that is relational and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00365-00073583-00073735 rooted in reciprocity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00366-00073736-00073950 what does it look like to not just have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00367-00073951-00074111 investors and developers
fkpr3iR-zNo-00368-00074112-00074343 wielding the control over a particular
fkpr3iR-zNo-00369-00074344-00074415 project
fkpr3iR-zNo-00370-00074416-00074575 but actually coming together with
fkpr3iR-zNo-00371-00074576-00074799 community to make decisions together so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00372-00074800-00074935 you're actually governing for the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00373-00074936-00075031 greater good
fkpr3iR-zNo-00374-00075032-00075175 how do we start to actually build up
fkpr3iR-zNo-00375-00075176-00075359 models of shared prosperity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00376-00075360-00075550 that are deeply committed and invested
fkpr3iR-zNo-00377-00075551-00075743 in the well-being of all people
fkpr3iR-zNo-00378-00075744-00075943 and not just the wealth accumulation and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00379-00075944-00076071 the financial returns
fkpr3iR-zNo-00380-00076072-00076279 back to the investors and so when we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00381-00076280-00076438 start to bring together these various
fkpr3iR-zNo-00382-00076439-00076575 values and practice we have an
fkpr3iR-zNo-00383-00076576-00076719 opportunity to figure out
fkpr3iR-zNo-00384-00076720-00076950 when these things are all intersected we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00385-00076951-00077135 can start to figure out
fkpr3iR-zNo-00386-00077136-00077343 how we can create an economy or a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00387-00077344-00077462 transition point
fkpr3iR-zNo-00388-00077463-00077703 in which we start to move out of an
fkpr3iR-zNo-00389-00077704-00077950 economy of extraction exploitation
fkpr3iR-zNo-00390-00077951-00078126 and towards something that's rooted in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00391-00078127-00078350 more shared prosperity and generosity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00392-00078351-00078503 and that's where the heart of my work
fkpr3iR-zNo-00393-00078504-00078662 sits and so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00394-00078663-00078999 in the context of my work restorative
fkpr3iR-zNo-00395-00079000-00079135 economics
fkpr3iR-zNo-00396-00079136-00079350 i would lift up that it's very much
fkpr3iR-zNo-00397-00079351-00079511 rooted in the recognition
fkpr3iR-zNo-00398-00079512-00079703 that in the specific instance of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00399-00079704-00079894 united states and i would offer
fkpr3iR-zNo-00400-00079895-00080103 a global capitalist economy around the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00401-00080104-00080262 world we can see
fkpr3iR-zNo-00402-00080263-00080479 the ways that black brown indigenous
fkpr3iR-zNo-00403-00080480-00080703 communities and communities of color
fkpr3iR-zNo-00404-00080704-00080999 have been extracted from exploited from
fkpr3iR-zNo-00405-00081000-00081215 making it possible for a white wealthy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00406-00081216-00081326 ruling class
fkpr3iR-zNo-00407-00081327-00081559 to attain and maintain and increase
fkpr3iR-zNo-00408-00081560-00081775 their wealth over a period of time
fkpr3iR-zNo-00409-00081776-00082103 and so as we're seeing uprisings
fkpr3iR-zNo-00410-00082104-00082359 around the world and as we see people
fkpr3iR-zNo-00411-00082360-00082471 and landless
fkpr3iR-zNo-00412-00082472-00082662 landless groups pushing back and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00413-00082663-00082855 demanding equity and change
fkpr3iR-zNo-00414-00082856-00083094 there's an opportunity to figure out how
fkpr3iR-zNo-00415-00083095-00083271 do we intentionally
fkpr3iR-zNo-00416-00083272-00083526 reinvest resources across the capital
fkpr3iR-zNo-00417-00083527-00083599 spectrum
fkpr3iR-zNo-00418-00083600-00083838 so in the case of my work where um i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00419-00083839-00084015 currently sit with the foundation
fkpr3iR-zNo-00420-00084016-00084175 tally foundation how do we start to look
fkpr3iR-zNo-00421-00084176-00084359 at not just the grant capital
fkpr3iR-zNo-00422-00084360-00084582 but also the non-extractive investments
fkpr3iR-zNo-00423-00084583-00084767 that we can start to put into community
fkpr3iR-zNo-00424-00084768-00084847 wealth building
fkpr3iR-zNo-00425-00084848-00085126 projects by those same communities that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00426-00085127-00085303 have been historically impacted
fkpr3iR-zNo-00427-00085304-00085471 and making it possible for them to have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00428-00085472-00085638 the resources that they need
fkpr3iR-zNo-00429-00085639-00085903 to not only repair and heal themselves
fkpr3iR-zNo-00430-00085904-00086071 but to then be a part of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00431-00086072-00086294 the shared decisions in terms of how we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00432-00086295-00086494 want to transform our economy going
fkpr3iR-zNo-00433-00086495-00086599 forward
fkpr3iR-zNo-00434-00086600-00086735 and so my work with restorative
fkpr3iR-zNo-00435-00086736-00087015 economics i see it as a transition point
fkpr3iR-zNo-00436-00087016-00087262 i see it as an opportunity to set a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00437-00087263-00087406 guide a framework
fkpr3iR-zNo-00438-00087407-00087655 to help us be disciplined and mindful
fkpr3iR-zNo-00439-00087656-00087711 about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00440-00087712-00087943 who we are investing resources once
fkpr3iR-zNo-00441-00087944-00088094 again those communities that have been
fkpr3iR-zNo-00442-00088095-00088223 most extracted from
fkpr3iR-zNo-00443-00088224-00088462 hurt and harmed how we go about moving
fkpr3iR-zNo-00444-00088463-00088615 those resources right
fkpr3iR-zNo-00445-00088616-00088847 so being in just in right relationship
fkpr3iR-zNo-00446-00088848-00089023 and being in culturally appropriate
fkpr3iR-zNo-00447-00089024-00089238 relationships with these communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00448-00089239-00089543 that inform how we move capital and then
fkpr3iR-zNo-00449-00089544-00089799 what we are resourcing really lifting up
fkpr3iR-zNo-00450-00089800-00089911 those projects
fkpr3iR-zNo-00451-00089912-00090079 that are deeply committed at getting at
fkpr3iR-zNo-00452-00090080-00090255 the root causes of what it means to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00453-00090256-00090318 build
fkpr3iR-zNo-00454-00090319-00090559 shared prosperity and community wealth
fkpr3iR-zNo-00455-00090560-00090726 in which we're looking at the needs of a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00456-00090727-00090855 whole community
fkpr3iR-zNo-00457-00090856-00091062 rather than only looking at privileging
fkpr3iR-zNo-00458-00091063-00091294 returns to an investor or a sole
fkpr3iR-zNo-00459-00091295-00091503 entrepreneur
fkpr3iR-zNo-00460-00091504-00091791 and so the heart of the work that i do
fkpr3iR-zNo-00461-00091792-00091975 is rooted in a theory of liberation and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00462-00091976-00092062 one in which
fkpr3iR-zNo-00463-00092063-00092247 i look at supporting projects that are
fkpr3iR-zNo-00464-00092248-00092487 community owned or community stewarded
fkpr3iR-zNo-00465-00092488-00092647 projects that are coming together where
fkpr3iR-zNo-00466-00092648-00092806 people are collectively owning
fkpr3iR-zNo-00467-00092807-00093055 and managing landed assets together one
fkpr3iR-zNo-00468-00093056-00093167 of the things lina
fkpr3iR-zNo-00469-00093168-00093335 mentioned as she was doing her work is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00470-00093336-00093487 that the more we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00471-00093488-00093647 try to figure out how we transfer our
fkpr3iR-zNo-00472-00093648-00093838 economy the more we come back to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00473-00093839-00094006 understanding that we're returning
fkpr3iR-zNo-00474-00094007-00094199 back to the traditional wisdoms and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00475-00094200-00094423 practices of immigrant and indigenous
fkpr3iR-zNo-00476-00094424-00094503 communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00477-00094504-00094694 and so the notion of community
fkpr3iR-zNo-00478-00094695-00094862 stewardship whether it comes to land
fkpr3iR-zNo-00479-00094863-00095055 whether it comes to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00480-00095056-00095326 buildings and other assets is not new
fkpr3iR-zNo-00481-00095327-00095462 however we need to be
fkpr3iR-zNo-00482-00095463-00095735 intentional about now leveraging the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00483-00095736-00095879 legal mechanisms the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00484-00095880-00096126 entities that make it possible to ensure
fkpr3iR-zNo-00485-00096127-00096279 that these same communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00486-00096280-00096518 who are collectively owning assets um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00487-00096519-00096638 have um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00488-00096639-00096967 the the title and claim to protect and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00489-00096968-00097167 defend those assets together
fkpr3iR-zNo-00490-00097168-00097374 so really figuring out how people are
fkpr3iR-zNo-00491-00097375-00097526 owning projects
fkpr3iR-zNo-00492-00097527-00097759 um and initiatives collectively together
fkpr3iR-zNo-00493-00097760-00097887 that start to move away
fkpr3iR-zNo-00494-00097888-00098167 from um individual riches and towards
fkpr3iR-zNo-00495-00098168-00098431 that shared prosperity model once again
fkpr3iR-zNo-00496-00098432-00098679 and that within that governance is a key
fkpr3iR-zNo-00497-00098680-00098750 piece of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00498-00098751-00098959 key piece of the success of the work
fkpr3iR-zNo-00499-00098960-00099111 really figuring out how we're also
fkpr3iR-zNo-00500-00099112-00099294 supporting these communities these
fkpr3iR-zNo-00501-00099295-00099374 projects
fkpr3iR-zNo-00502-00099375-00099606 and having shared decision-making power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00503-00099607-00099711 together
fkpr3iR-zNo-00504-00099712-00099903 over how they then manage and steward
fkpr3iR-zNo-00505-00099904-00100103 that land that loan fund
fkpr3iR-zNo-00506-00100104-00100399 and or that enterprise our ability to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00507-00100400-00100567 come together and make decisions where
fkpr3iR-zNo-00508-00100568-00100774 we're thinking about what is the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00509-00100775-00100903 what is the important need of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00510-00100904-00101150 greater good and not just how does this
fkpr3iR-zNo-00511-00101151-00101311 benefit the corporation
fkpr3iR-zNo-00512-00101312-00101574 or the entrepreneur themselves as part
fkpr3iR-zNo-00513-00101575-00101703 of the transformation we're trying to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00514-00101704-00101799 facilitate
fkpr3iR-zNo-00515-00101800-00102055 through this theory of liberation and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00516-00102056-00102271 that knowing that at the end of the day
fkpr3iR-zNo-00517-00102272-00102502 while we're entering this conversation
fkpr3iR-zNo-00518-00102503-00102663 through an economic lens
fkpr3iR-zNo-00519-00102664-00102839 through a lens of understanding how we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00520-00102840-00103127 move and invest capital and resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-00521-00103128-00103302 this work is also about ensuring that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00522-00103303-00103510 the communities are able to then
fkpr3iR-zNo-00523-00103511-00103702 leverage the economic foundation that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00524-00103703-00103806 they've created
fkpr3iR-zNo-00525-00103807-00103942 through these community owned and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00526-00103943-00104175 governed projects so they can also
fkpr3iR-zNo-00527-00104176-00104294 assert their cultural
fkpr3iR-zNo-00528-00104295-00104518 and political power as well so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00529-00104519-00104702 recognizing that power sits in three
fkpr3iR-zNo-00530-00104703-00104806 different realms
fkpr3iR-zNo-00531-00104807-00105054 and not just the economic peace as well
fkpr3iR-zNo-00532-00105055-00105215 i always invite projects that kind of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00533-00105216-00105390 reach out to us for funding
fkpr3iR-zNo-00534-00105391-00105654 i both want to know how is your project
fkpr3iR-zNo-00535-00105655-00105839 being community owned and governed
fkpr3iR-zNo-00536-00105840-00105983 but i also want to know how was your
fkpr3iR-zNo-00537-00105983-00106278 project rooted in building power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00538-00106279-00106478 and creating systemic changes for those
fkpr3iR-zNo-00539-00106479-00106702 communities that have been most directly
fkpr3iR-zNo-00540-00106703-00106983 impacted um really recognizing that we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00541-00106983-00107151 have to change the systems
fkpr3iR-zNo-00542-00107152-00107383 that are rooted in structural inequities
fkpr3iR-zNo-00543-00107383-00107527 in systemic racism
fkpr3iR-zNo-00544-00107528-00107743 if we actually want to create a more
fkpr3iR-zNo-00545-00107744-00107910 equitable world going forward
fkpr3iR-zNo-00546-00107911-00108015 i'm going to move through our next
fkpr3iR-zNo-00547-00108016-00108183 pieces really quickly just to make sure
fkpr3iR-zNo-00548-00108183-00108334 i don't go over
fkpr3iR-zNo-00549-00108335-00108727 a time and so the to kind of just break
fkpr3iR-zNo-00550-00108728-00108886 down the framework the first piece is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00551-00108888-00109039 really recognizing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00552-00109040-00109358 that we need to be in an intentional
fkpr3iR-zNo-00553-00109359-00109599 disruption of the habits and patterns of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00554-00109600-00109719 our old economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00555-00109720-00109919 so the ways in which we are we don't
fkpr3iR-zNo-00556-00109920-00110039 think twice about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00557-00110040-00110254 requesting market rate returns or we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00558-00110255-00110415 don't think twice about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00559-00110416-00110639 putting collateral on an investment
fkpr3iR-zNo-00560-00110640-00110895 being able to be in a moment of pause
fkpr3iR-zNo-00561-00110896-00111054 where we start to figure out where are
fkpr3iR-zNo-00562-00111055-00111183 the places that we can have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00563-00111183-00111295 interventions
fkpr3iR-zNo-00564-00111296-00111502 that are systemically different that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00565-00111503-00111751 allow us to actually move towards
fkpr3iR-zNo-00566-00111752-00112015 our values of regeneration and repair
fkpr3iR-zNo-00567-00112016-00112102 and not to just
fkpr3iR-zNo-00568-00112103-00112351 continue to double down on practices
fkpr3iR-zNo-00569-00112352-00112599 that lead to extraction and exploitation
fkpr3iR-zNo-00570-00112600-00112790 and it's actually that place of being in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00571-00112791-00112975 a choice point where we start to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00572-00112976-00113247 identify the embodied practices that we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00573-00113248-00113463 can build into our institutions
fkpr3iR-zNo-00574-00113464-00113615 that we can build into the ways that we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00575-00113616-00113783 move resources and capital
fkpr3iR-zNo-00576-00113783-00114039 so that we're not only changing um the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00577-00114040-00114183 flow of resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-00578-00114183-00114327 outside of our funds we're changing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00579-00114328-00114486 ourselves as individuals
fkpr3iR-zNo-00580-00114488-00114615 in terms of how we engage in the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00581-00114616-00114831 conversations and therefore also being
fkpr3iR-zNo-00582-00114832-00114975 able to change the cultural and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00583-00114976-00115158 structural systems as well
fkpr3iR-zNo-00584-00115159-00115327 that also shape the ways that we've
fkpr3iR-zNo-00585-00115328-00115519 created a global economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00586-00115520-00115743 that has created so much disparity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00587-00115744-00115919 between the haves and have-nots
fkpr3iR-zNo-00588-00115920-00116175 and so our ability to shift our culture
fkpr3iR-zNo-00589-00116176-00116302 around how we move
fkpr3iR-zNo-00590-00116303-00116631 resources and do investing is really
fkpr3iR-zNo-00591-00116632-00116886 essential to informing who we invest in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00592-00116888-00117127 and how we go about doing it
fkpr3iR-zNo-00593-00117128-00117302 and then once again the piece of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00594-00117303-00117558 governance the ability to recognize that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00595-00117559-00117654 there are some
fkpr3iR-zNo-00596-00117655-00117839 that stand to be disproportionately
fkpr3iR-zNo-00597-00117840-00118063 impacted by a particular investment
fkpr3iR-zNo-00598-00118064-00118254 whether that's the the neighborhood
fkpr3iR-zNo-00599-00118255-00118502 community of where a corporation may be
fkpr3iR-zNo-00600-00118503-00118590 operating
fkpr3iR-zNo-00601-00118591-00118815 whether that's the workers um that are
fkpr3iR-zNo-00602-00118816-00119039 employed by that business
fkpr3iR-zNo-00603-00119040-00119223 or whether it's those that live
fkpr3iR-zNo-00604-00119224-00119454 alongside um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00605-00119455-00119607 the other decisions that are happening
fkpr3iR-zNo-00606-00119608-00119831 in the community planning process
fkpr3iR-zNo-00607-00119832-00120071 recognizing that our ability to identify
fkpr3iR-zNo-00608-00120072-00120214 who stands to be most
fkpr3iR-zNo-00609-00120215-00120454 impacted and who is already most
fkpr3iR-zNo-00610-00120455-00120543 vulnerable
fkpr3iR-zNo-00611-00120544-00120751 and how do we center their needs their
fkpr3iR-zNo-00612-00120752-00120934 voices in their interests
fkpr3iR-zNo-00613-00120935-00121143 and informing how we make decisions for
fkpr3iR-zNo-00614-00121144-00121319 the community as a whole
fkpr3iR-zNo-00615-00121320-00121502 and recognizing that when we can center
fkpr3iR-zNo-00616-00121503-00121678 the needs voices and interests of those
fkpr3iR-zNo-00617-00121679-00121734 that are most
fkpr3iR-zNo-00618-00121735-00121990 impacted we get to more generative
fkpr3iR-zNo-00619-00121991-00122151 governance decisions
fkpr3iR-zNo-00620-00122152-00122358 that allow us to ensure that not only
fkpr3iR-zNo-00621-00122359-00122478 are we supporting that impacted
fkpr3iR-zNo-00622-00122479-00122575 population
fkpr3iR-zNo-00623-00122576-00122799 but by doing so those that are in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00624-00122800-00122990 proximity to them their friends their
fkpr3iR-zNo-00625-00122991-00123134 family their children
fkpr3iR-zNo-00626-00123135-00123334 also stand to be better off and so how
fkpr3iR-zNo-00627-00123335-00123534 do we start to think about recalibrating
fkpr3iR-zNo-00628-00123535-00123614 the ways
fkpr3iR-zNo-00629-00123615-00123814 that we make decisions so that we're
fkpr3iR-zNo-00630-00123815-00123943 having a proportionate
fkpr3iR-zNo-00631-00123944-00124183 impact um on those that actually need to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00632-00124183-00124254 be brought
fkpr3iR-zNo-00633-00124255-00124495 brought up to part and have equity so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00634-00124496-00124671 they can be a part
fkpr3iR-zNo-00635-00124672-00124839 of how we're transforming our economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00636-00124840-00125054 going forward and that within all of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00637-00125055-00125263 this collaborative governance is key
fkpr3iR-zNo-00638-00125264-00125486 um collaborative governance being having
fkpr3iR-zNo-00639-00125488-00125607 the capacity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00640-00125608-00125799 to engage in conversations where we're
fkpr3iR-zNo-00641-00125800-00125919 bringing together
fkpr3iR-zNo-00642-00125920-00126078 a multitude of stakeholders from a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00643-00126079-00126231 number of different sectors
fkpr3iR-zNo-00644-00126232-00126447 to both collaborate to co-define what
fkpr3iR-zNo-00645-00126448-00126558 the problem is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00646-00126559-00126743 to figure out what the process is to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00647-00126744-00126919 really fix that problem
fkpr3iR-zNo-00648-00126920-00127110 and then to create solutions and move
fkpr3iR-zNo-00649-00127111-00127327 forward with actions together
fkpr3iR-zNo-00650-00127328-00127590 but so far we have not actually had the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00651-00127591-00127719 practices
fkpr3iR-zNo-00652-00127720-00128007 as a society to be in this type of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00653-00128008-00128134 engagement together
fkpr3iR-zNo-00654-00128135-00128319 because once again we have the investors
fkpr3iR-zNo-00655-00128320-00128486 the decision makers that sit outside of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00656-00128488-00128599 the community
fkpr3iR-zNo-00657-00128600-00128783 and so we have to develop our capacity
fkpr3iR-zNo-00658-00128783-00128943 to be in collaborative governance
fkpr3iR-zNo-00659-00128944-00129014 together
fkpr3iR-zNo-00660-00129015-00129190 with the deep understanding that when we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00661-00129191-00129414 do so we get closer to addressing the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00662-00129415-00129614 root causes of what's needed to actually
fkpr3iR-zNo-00663-00129615-00129943 create equity going forward
fkpr3iR-zNo-00664-00129944-00130143 and then lastly once again this work is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00665-00130144-00130302 about building power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00666-00130303-00130495 understanding that when and how we move
fkpr3iR-zNo-00667-00130496-00130719 resources to a particular community or
fkpr3iR-zNo-00668-00130720-00130910 project the economic power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00669-00130911-00131063 it then makes it possible for that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00670-00131064-00131231 community and or project
fkpr3iR-zNo-00671-00131232-00131454 to assert and defend their values their
fkpr3iR-zNo-00672-00131455-00131639 norms their ways of wanting to be in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00673-00131640-00131839 relationship with one another
fkpr3iR-zNo-00674-00131840-00132047 and it also makes it possible for us to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00675-00132048-00132254 contest for political power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00676-00132255-00132454 recognizing that if a community has
fkpr3iR-zNo-00677-00132455-00132654 access to an economic base
fkpr3iR-zNo-00678-00132655-00132919 they can not only leverage their assets
fkpr3iR-zNo-00679-00132920-00133119 to help to push policy and elect
fkpr3iR-zNo-00680-00133120-00133254 individuals
fkpr3iR-zNo-00681-00133255-00133471 that really speak to their values their
fkpr3iR-zNo-00682-00133472-00133623 needs as a community
fkpr3iR-zNo-00683-00133624-00133943 but then you're also able to defend your
fkpr3iR-zNo-00684-00133944-00134014 wins
fkpr3iR-zNo-00685-00134015-00134214 by ensuring that they get memorialized
fkpr3iR-zNo-00686-00134215-00134414 through the policies and legislations
fkpr3iR-zNo-00687-00134415-00134671 that are also passed so recognizing that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00688-00134672-00134743 our work
fkpr3iR-zNo-00689-00134744-00134975 um as we move money is to not just
fkpr3iR-zNo-00690-00134976-00135151 redistribute the wealth but always
fkpr3iR-zNo-00691-00135152-00135399 be sure that we're leveraging our power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00692-00135400-00135471 as well
fkpr3iR-zNo-00693-00135472-00135654 to support those communities um that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00694-00135655-00135887 we're deeply committed to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00695-00135888-00136054 and so i always try to remind people
fkpr3iR-zNo-00696-00136055-00136231 that as we're moving from extraction
fkpr3iR-zNo-00697-00136232-00136351 accumulation
fkpr3iR-zNo-00698-00136352-00136590 and towards regeneration redistribution
fkpr3iR-zNo-00699-00136591-00136790 that this work is about redistributing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00700-00136791-00136871 power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00701-00136872-00136999 ensuring that those that have been most
fkpr3iR-zNo-00702-00137000-00137254 historically impacted disenfranchised
fkpr3iR-zNo-00703-00137255-00137535 and extracted from are able to build
fkpr3iR-zNo-00704-00137536-00137647 their power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00705-00137648-00137863 um so they can defend their ability to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00706-00137864-00138083 live life on their terms and to exercise
fkpr3iR-zNo-00707-00138084-00138231 self-determination
fkpr3iR-zNo-00708-00138232-00138447 and so in the us particularly we're
fkpr3iR-zNo-00709-00138448-00138551 really clear
fkpr3iR-zNo-00710-00138552-00138702 that the social movements those
fkpr3iR-zNo-00711-00138703-00138863 organizations that are helping us to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00712-00138864-00138999 contest for power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00713-00139000-00139231 be it groups like black lives matter be
fkpr3iR-zNo-00714-00139232-00139414 it on the fight for indigenous peoples
fkpr3iR-zNo-00715-00139415-00139623 movements rights particularly around the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00716-00139624-00139831 development of oil pipelines
fkpr3iR-zNo-00717-00139832-00140023 or even the ways the immigrants are
fkpr3iR-zNo-00718-00140024-00140183 fighting for the right in dignity to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00719-00140184-00140423 actually get asylum in the united states
fkpr3iR-zNo-00720-00140424-00140614 that those social movements that are
fkpr3iR-zNo-00721-00140615-00140766 continuing to contest for
fkpr3iR-zNo-00722-00140767-00140951 power that are on the front lines of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00723-00140952-00141166 challenging our policies and our systems
fkpr3iR-zNo-00724-00141167-00141383 are what then make it possible for us as
fkpr3iR-zNo-00725-00141384-00141543 those that move resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-00726-00141544-00141719 to start to move resources in different
fkpr3iR-zNo-00727-00141720-00142014 ways when we have social movements
fkpr3iR-zNo-00728-00142015-00142254 that are calling into question that the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00729-00142255-00142359 very systems
fkpr3iR-zNo-00730-00142360-00142583 that we seek to change is those social
fkpr3iR-zNo-00731-00142584-00142759 movements that we need to reinvest in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00732-00142760-00142847 because they
fkpr3iR-zNo-00733-00142848-00143054 they make an opening for us to then come
fkpr3iR-zNo-00734-00143055-00143239 in and move resources towards the types
fkpr3iR-zNo-00735-00143240-00143326 of projects
fkpr3iR-zNo-00736-00143327-00143663 that they're trying to lift up and so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00737-00143664-00143790 once again this work is about
fkpr3iR-zNo-00738-00143791-00144023 recognizing that in addition to moving
fkpr3iR-zNo-00739-00144024-00144183 um redistributing wealth and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00740-00144184-00144351 redistributing power
fkpr3iR-zNo-00741-00144352-00144543 that the racial wealth divide
fkpr3iR-zNo-00742-00144544-00144751 particularly as we see it in the u.s
fkpr3iR-zNo-00743-00144752-00144990 is not just a capital gap it's a gap in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00744-00144991-00145119 access to skills
fkpr3iR-zNo-00745-00145120-00145423 resources networks um and knowledge
fkpr3iR-zNo-00746-00145424-00145590 and so we also have to move our
fkpr3iR-zNo-00747-00145591-00145759 resources in a way that it builds the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00748-00145760-00145878 human development
fkpr3iR-zNo-00749-00145879-00146126 and the capacity of communities to even
fkpr3iR-zNo-00750-00146127-00146326 be able to engage in these conversations
fkpr3iR-zNo-00751-00146327-00146502 and take on these projects in the first
fkpr3iR-zNo-00752-00146503-00146607 place
fkpr3iR-zNo-00753-00146608-00146823 we also once again know that this work
fkpr3iR-zNo-00754-00146824-00147078 is not just about creating something new
fkpr3iR-zNo-00755-00147079-00147263 we actually get to lift up celebrate
fkpr3iR-zNo-00756-00147264-00147454 honor recognize and support
fkpr3iR-zNo-00757-00147455-00147663 those indigenous cultures our traditions
fkpr3iR-zNo-00758-00147664-00147878 our collective wisdom
fkpr3iR-zNo-00759-00147879-00148135 as a community as a whole and figure out
fkpr3iR-zNo-00760-00148136-00148254 how we actually take
fkpr3iR-zNo-00761-00148255-00148495 some of those practices that we have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00762-00148496-00148566 seen
fkpr3iR-zNo-00763-00148567-00148766 communities hold on to and how can it
fkpr3iR-zNo-00764-00148767-00148951 start to shape our rethinking and the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00765-00148952-00149087 ways that we move
fkpr3iR-zNo-00766-00149088-00149399 resources um as investors and as
fkpr3iR-zNo-00767-00149400-00149502 philanthropic
fkpr3iR-zNo-00768-00149503-00149823 institutions and by doing so we get to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00769-00149824-00150047 start to create a community of practice
fkpr3iR-zNo-00770-00150048-00150254 where we're starting to build out the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00771-00150255-00150399 legal providers
fkpr3iR-zNo-00772-00150400-00150583 the technical assistance providers that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00773-00150584-00150783 really make it possible for us to create
fkpr3iR-zNo-00774-00150784-00150966 a social movement infrastructure that's
fkpr3iR-zNo-00775-00150967-00151111 deeply committed
fkpr3iR-zNo-00776-00151112-00151439 to impact over returns and so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00777-00151440-00151599 this just kind of it's a lot of words
fkpr3iR-zNo-00778-00151600-00151735 that highlights everything that i just
fkpr3iR-zNo-00779-00151736-00151871 kind of took this through
fkpr3iR-zNo-00780-00151872-00152054 moving non-extractive regenerative
fkpr3iR-zNo-00781-00152055-00152278 capital being able to lift up models for
fkpr3iR-zNo-00782-00152279-00152390 community governance
fkpr3iR-zNo-00783-00152391-00152575 and always identifying those values
fkpr3iR-zNo-00784-00152576-00152799 aligned technical assistance providers
fkpr3iR-zNo-00785-00152800-00152999 that we also know make it possible for
fkpr3iR-zNo-00786-00153000-00153199 these projects to go from vision
fkpr3iR-zNo-00787-00153200-00153495 to implementation and so this is the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00788-00153496-00153678 work that i have the pleasure of doing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00789-00153679-00153935 at the catali foundation we do have a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00790-00153936-00154126 300 million dollar integrated capital
fkpr3iR-zNo-00791-00154127-00154199 vehicle based
fkpr3iR-zNo-00792-00154200-00154351 off of this framework it's called the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00793-00154352-00154535 restorative economies fund
fkpr3iR-zNo-00794-00154536-00154735 we also have two other grant-making
fkpr3iR-zNo-00795-00154736-00155014 entities one focused in on environmental
fkpr3iR-zNo-00796-00155015-00155111 justice work
fkpr3iR-zNo-00797-00155112-00155295 um and then we also have a grant making
fkpr3iR-zNo-00798-00155296-00155502 entity focused in on the mindfulness and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00799-00155503-00155702 healing justice practices
fkpr3iR-zNo-00800-00155703-00155966 um and so happy to kind of go into our
fkpr3iR-zNo-00801-00155967-00156159 breakout sessions later and share
fkpr3iR-zNo-00802-00156160-00156295 a little bit about the work that we have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00803-00156296-00156423 the pleasure of doing with catali
fkpr3iR-zNo-00804-00156424-00156535 foundation um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00805-00156536-00156726 and i know my colleague liana shalabi is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00806-00156727-00156871 on the line as well so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00807-00156872-00157047 lena if you want to drop a little chat
fkpr3iR-zNo-00808-00157048-00157295 um hello in the chat box people can also
fkpr3iR-zNo-00809-00157296-00157487 reach out to you as well but thank you
fkpr3iR-zNo-00810-00157488-00157678 so much elena i'll stop my screen share
fkpr3iR-zNo-00811-00157679-00157766 now
fkpr3iR-zNo-00812-00157767-00157975 thank you so much no marco that was
fkpr3iR-zNo-00813-00157976-00158159 really a wealth of information there
fkpr3iR-zNo-00814-00158160-00158263 thank you
fkpr3iR-zNo-00815-00158264-00158535 and um at the end i think one of the key
fkpr3iR-zNo-00816-00158536-00158799 takeaways i had was the intentionality
fkpr3iR-zNo-00817-00158800-00158990 that you brought in about recognizing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00818-00158991-00159126 existing study and having an
fkpr3iR-zNo-00819-00159127-00159271 intentionality to shift
fkpr3iR-zNo-00820-00159272-00159511 not just wealth but also power and you
fkpr3iR-zNo-00821-00159512-00159671 also talked about the intermediaries
fkpr3iR-zNo-00822-00159672-00159807 with the lyft experience and i just
fkpr3iR-zNo-00823-00159808-00159959 wanted to acknowledge that we actually
fkpr3iR-zNo-00824-00159960-00160031 have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00825-00160032-00160295 uh nikki from nbn collective with us and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00826-00160296-00160502 jamie from native women lead
fkpr3iR-zNo-00827-00160503-00160759 who are also trail blazing in the united
fkpr3iR-zNo-00828-00160760-00160935 states and many others i see anita
fkpr3iR-zNo-00829-00160936-00161126 sanchez here as well
fkpr3iR-zNo-00830-00161127-00161287 so thank you with that i'm going to pass
fkpr3iR-zNo-00831-00161288-00161502 it to teresa to take us through the next
fkpr3iR-zNo-00832-00161503-00163319 part of the session
fkpr3iR-zNo-00833-00163320-00163511 so i'm just sharing with you that i hail
fkpr3iR-zNo-00834-00163512-00163654 from the far north
fkpr3iR-zNo-00835-00163655-00163863 on my father's side i'm from the east
fkpr3iR-zNo-00836-00163864-00163999 coast and my mother's side
fkpr3iR-zNo-00837-00164000-00164278 from the west coast two beautiful places
fkpr3iR-zNo-00838-00164279-00164366 to be
fkpr3iR-zNo-00839-00164367-00164623 however i'm currently in auckland and um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00840-00164624-00164726 it's lovely
fkpr3iR-zNo-00841-00164727-00165023 to be here with you all so really i'm
fkpr3iR-zNo-00842-00165024-00165175 setting the scene for here in new
fkpr3iR-zNo-00843-00165176-00165326 zealand and i'm going to share with you
fkpr3iR-zNo-00844-00165327-00165399 this
fkpr3iR-zNo-00845-00165400-00165687 you know the statistics that remind us
fkpr3iR-zNo-00846-00165688-00165926 why systemic change is required
fkpr3iR-zNo-00847-00165927-00166183 and also the importance of innovative
fkpr3iR-zNo-00848-00166184-00166326 restorative models for
fkpr3iR-zNo-00849-00166327-00166590 change and if i start with our
fkpr3iR-zNo-00850-00166591-00166766 demography you know maori actually make
fkpr3iR-zNo-00851-00166767-00166823 up
fkpr3iR-zNo-00852-00166824-00167087 sixteen percent of maori population of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00853-00167088-00167311 which wahine maori females
fkpr3iR-zNo-00854-00167312-00167638 make up 51 not enough males around for
fkpr3iR-zNo-00855-00167639-00167759 us
fkpr3iR-zNo-00856-00167760-00168014 um our population is used youthful and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00857-00168015-00168207 in 2015
fkpr3iR-zNo-00858-00168208-00168487 statistics showed that more than 11 of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00859-00168488-00168559 maori
fkpr3iR-zNo-00860-00168560-00168847 were aged five to nine years compared to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00861-00168848-00169095 around six percent for non-maori
fkpr3iR-zNo-00862-00169096-00169390 and 34 percent are under the age of 15
fkpr3iR-zNo-00863-00169391-00169478 years
fkpr3iR-zNo-00864-00169479-00169919 making the medium age around 24.
fkpr3iR-zNo-00865-00169920-00170126 and this demography is totally different
fkpr3iR-zNo-00866-00170127-00170263 to non-maori
fkpr3iR-zNo-00867-00170264-00170454 and when we're thinking of demography
fkpr3iR-zNo-00868-00170455-00170575 solutions
fkpr3iR-zNo-00869-00170576-00170935 we we need to you know really figure out
fkpr3iR-zNo-00870-00170936-00171119 the other end of the scale
fkpr3iR-zNo-00871-00171120-00171463 um if maori are actually more youthful
fkpr3iR-zNo-00872-00171464-00171847 and um and also by 2030 my
fkpr3iR-zNo-00873-00171848-00172087 the maori population is is likely to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00874-00172088-00172295 grow by 16
fkpr3iR-zNo-00875-00172296-00172495 slightly faster than non-maori and i
fkpr3iR-zNo-00876-00172496-00172614 mention this
fkpr3iR-zNo-00877-00172615-00172943 because it means that the use of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00878-00172944-00173263 of of today are who we will rely on when
fkpr3iR-zNo-00879-00173264-00173423 we retire
fkpr3iR-zNo-00880-00173424-00173647 and so unless we're propping them up and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00881-00173648-00173766 getting
fkpr3iR-zNo-00882-00173767-00173983 our you know the right systems in place
fkpr3iR-zNo-00883-00173984-00174183 to nurture them to grow them
fkpr3iR-zNo-00884-00174184-00174414 we are all stuffed person you know
fkpr3iR-zNo-00885-00174415-00174495 basically
fkpr3iR-zNo-00886-00174496-00174711 it doesn't just affect maori it affects
fkpr3iR-zNo-00887-00174712-00174878 all of us
fkpr3iR-zNo-00888-00174879-00175231 so many a less advantaged um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00889-00175232-00175495 compared to nomad across all social
fkpr3iR-zNo-00890-00175496-00175726 economic indicators in fact
fkpr3iR-zNo-00891-00175727-00176047 maori adults have lower rates of school
fkpr3iR-zNo-00892-00176048-00176151 completion
fkpr3iR-zNo-00893-00176152-00176438 and higher rates of unemployment and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00894-00176439-00176599 absolutely exacerbated
fkpr3iR-zNo-00895-00176600-00176807 during covert and affecting
fkpr3iR-zNo-00896-00176808-00176999 predominantly women
fkpr3iR-zNo-00897-00177000-00177151 more maori than non-maori have a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00898-00177152-00177302 personal income
fkpr3iR-zNo-00899-00177303-00177535 less than ten thousand dollars and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00900-00177536-00177631 receive income
fkpr3iR-zNo-00901-00177632-00177935 support marty are more likely to live in
fkpr3iR-zNo-00902-00177936-00178023 a household
fkpr3iR-zNo-00903-00178024-00178359 that has no heating no phone no internet
fkpr3iR-zNo-00904-00178360-00178551 or even have a car
fkpr3iR-zNo-00905-00178552-00178790 maori more maori live in rental
fkpr3iR-zNo-00906-00178791-00178959 properties and crowded households
fkpr3iR-zNo-00907-00178960-00179054 although
fkpr3iR-zNo-00908-00179055-00179231 i have to say that it's part of our
fkpr3iR-zNo-00909-00179232-00179359 social construct
fkpr3iR-zNo-00910-00179360-00179638 to have to live with three generations
fkpr3iR-zNo-00911-00179639-00179695 and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00912-00179696-00179919 so to us it's not overcrowding it's um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00913-00179920-00180159 it's our it's our social construct and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00914-00180160-00180231 so
fkpr3iR-zNo-00915-00180232-00180407 the houses just have to be bigger to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00916-00180408-00180631 accommodate us
fkpr3iR-zNo-00917-00180632-00180902 um namako mentioned about the racial
fkpr3iR-zNo-00918-00180903-00180999 discrimination
fkpr3iR-zNo-00919-00181000-00181254 so over time maori adults age 15 and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00920-00181255-00181335 over
fkpr3iR-zNo-00921-00181336-00181590 are more likely to report experience
fkpr3iR-zNo-00922-00181591-00181671 experiencing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00923-00181672-00181911 racial discrimination including
fkpr3iR-zNo-00924-00181912-00182007 experiencing
fkpr3iR-zNo-00925-00182008-00182335 any type of ethnically motivated attacks
fkpr3iR-zNo-00926-00182336-00182535 whether it's physical or verbal
fkpr3iR-zNo-00927-00182536-00182831 and experiencing any unfair treatment on
fkpr3iR-zNo-00928-00182832-00182871 the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00929-00182872-00183263 on the basis of the ethnicity and health
fkpr3iR-zNo-00930-00183264-00183599 housing and work situations
fkpr3iR-zNo-00931-00183600-00183823 as a last resort lender maori women's
fkpr3iR-zNo-00932-00183824-00184047 development have the opportunity to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00933-00184048-00184143 access
fkpr3iR-zNo-00934-00184144-00184326 applications for funding and these
fkpr3iR-zNo-00935-00184327-00184471 system issues
fkpr3iR-zNo-00936-00184472-00184814 are prevalent however the key component
fkpr3iR-zNo-00937-00184815-00185078 that we see really around businesses
fkpr3iR-zNo-00938-00185079-00185319 lack of educational knowledge
fkpr3iR-zNo-00939-00185320-00185526 on how to start and run a business the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00940-00185527-00185678 biggest
fkpr3iR-zNo-00941-00185679-00185871 we find a knowledge around financial
fkpr3iR-zNo-00942-00185872-00186111 management marketing and validation of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00943-00186112-00186375 either your product or your service what
fkpr3iR-zNo-00944-00186376-00186423 we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00945-00186424-00186711 question though are the 10 decline that
fkpr3iR-zNo-00946-00186712-00186766 can't be
fkpr3iR-zNo-00947-00186767-00187007 explained which is why we have a
fkpr3iR-zNo-00948-00187008-00187111 wraparound
fkpr3iR-zNo-00949-00187112-00187566 support system prior to and post funding
fkpr3iR-zNo-00950-00187567-00187854 and you know another um great thing is
fkpr3iR-zNo-00951-00187855-00188031 that luckily every settlements are
fkpr3iR-zNo-00952-00188032-00188295 starting to level the playing ground
fkpr3iR-zNo-00953-00188296-00188550 however however it's still a long way to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00954-00188551-00188654 go
fkpr3iR-zNo-00955-00188655-00188959 but enabling eb to fulfill their own
fkpr3iR-zNo-00956-00188960-00189135 terror language
fkpr3iR-zNo-00957-00189136-00189399 which is self governance um you know
fkpr3iR-zNo-00958-00189400-00189535 where we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00959-00189536-00189750 have the opportunity to develop our own
fkpr3iR-zNo-00960-00189751-00189926 powerhouses within
fkpr3iR-zNo-00961-00189927-00190295 our own uh communities with and for
fkpr3iR-zNo-00962-00190296-00190631 communities and of course when we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00963-00190632-00190823 develop our our communities we're
fkpr3iR-zNo-00964-00190824-00191147 looking at all the corners of social
fkpr3iR-zNo-00965-00191148-00191495 environmental and economic solutions
fkpr3iR-zNo-00966-00191496-00191711 while also contributing to the new
fkpr3iR-zNo-00967-00191712-00191871 zealand and global economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-00968-00191872-00192031 so we're not just playing in our own
fkpr3iR-zNo-00969-00192032-00192190 circles we're playing in the wider
fkpr3iR-zNo-00970-00192191-00192271 circles
fkpr3iR-zNo-00971-00192272-00192559 we contribute in a big way particularly
fkpr3iR-zNo-00972-00192560-00192854 in the primary industries
fkpr3iR-zNo-00973-00192855-00193135 and um so you know i just wanted to set
fkpr3iR-zNo-00974-00193136-00193383 the scene so that it really opens it up
fkpr3iR-zNo-00975-00193384-00193423 for
fkpr3iR-zNo-00976-00193424-00193726 um now to um
fkpr3iR-zNo-00977-00193727-00194119 really show models that are successful
fkpr3iR-zNo-00978-00194120-00194319 however there's still not enough i have
fkpr3iR-zNo-00979-00194320-00194463 to say we have to be
fkpr3iR-zNo-00980-00194464-00194683 very innovative we have to be clear and
fkpr3iR-zNo-00981-00194684-00194807 intentional
fkpr3iR-zNo-00982-00194808-00195119 as namaka said around the solutions we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00983-00195120-00195326 want to achieve
fkpr3iR-zNo-00984-00195327-00195614 now it's my lovely pleasure to introduce
fkpr3iR-zNo-00985-00195615-00195702 lange maria
fkpr3iR-zNo-00986-00195703-00195966 who's a great friend of mine in fact we
fkpr3iR-zNo-00987-00195967-00196271 met in 2006 when we both did the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00988-00196272-00196543 leadership new zealand program and of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00989-00196544-00196631 whom we were both
fkpr3iR-zNo-00990-00196632-00196950 alumna um and so i'm um it's lovely to
fkpr3iR-zNo-00991-00196951-00197078 introduce her
fkpr3iR-zNo-00992-00197079-00197407 so mahdi is actually the ceo was the ceo
fkpr3iR-zNo-00993-00197408-00197483 of
fkpr3iR-zNo-00994-00197484-00198102 depay
fkpr3iR-zNo-00995-00198103-00198414 until may 2020 rangimaria oversaw the
fkpr3iR-zNo-00996-00198415-00198502 design
fkpr3iR-zNo-00997-00198503-00198895 and establishment of a self-sustained
fkpr3iR-zNo-00998-00198896-00199143 investment platform to deliver long-term
fkpr3iR-zNo-00999-00199144-00199254 large-scale
fkpr3iR-zNo-01000-00199255-00199526 high-impact investment for thai tokuro
fkpr3iR-zNo-01001-00199527-00199878 and for someone who comes from taichung
fkpr3iR-zNo-01002-00199879-00200126 rangimar has played a big role amongst
fkpr3iR-zNo-01003-00200127-00200247 all the major leaders
fkpr3iR-zNo-01004-00200248-00200614 in taitukuro and that to enable change
fkpr3iR-zNo-01005-00200615-00200966 prior to the sea of america
fkpr3iR-zNo-01006-00200967-00201199 every consortium of which i was a member
fkpr3iR-zNo-01007-00201200-00201287 at the time
fkpr3iR-zNo-01008-00201288-00201575 an entity recreated by the ceos of thai
fkpr3iR-zNo-01009-00201576-00201663 tokudo
fkpr3iR-zNo-01010-00201664-00202023 all the and of course now she's the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01011-00202024-00202150 principal
fkpr3iR-zNo-01012-00202151-00202375 of the connective and impact enterprise
fkpr3iR-zNo-01013-00202376-00202559 delivering systemic change
fkpr3iR-zNo-01014-00202560-00202766 focused on developing and delivering
fkpr3iR-zNo-01015-00202767-00202950 world-leading approaches
fkpr3iR-zNo-01016-00202951-00204183 for systemic impact
fkpr3iR-zNo-01017-00204184-00204502 i just want to uh uplift both what
fkpr3iR-zNo-01018-00204503-00204814 lina um and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01019-00204815-00205038 teresa have spoken and thank them
fkpr3iR-zNo-01020-00205039-00205151 actually for the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01021-00205152-00205366 um wonderful platform that it has
fkpr3iR-zNo-01022-00205367-00205471 created
fkpr3iR-zNo-01023-00205471-00205782 um to enable me to share what we have
fkpr3iR-zNo-01024-00205783-00205903 been doing in te
fkpr3iR-zNo-01025-00205904-00206238 tokido i also want to welcome
fkpr3iR-zNo-01026-00206239-00206446 and acknowledge everyone that is on the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01027-00206448-00206623 call today um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01028-00206623-00206879 from te tai tokiro or the northern part
fkpr3iR-zNo-01029-00206880-00206934 of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01030-00206935-00207286 north island um so
fkpr3iR-zNo-01031-00207287-00208079 here
fkpr3iR-zNo-01032-00208080-00208438 so i'm just making um identifying myself
fkpr3iR-zNo-01033-00208439-00208719 according to the first nations that i am
fkpr3iR-zNo-01034-00208719-00208806 a grandchild
fkpr3iR-zNo-01035-00208807-00209214 of and it has been my personal privilege
fkpr3iR-zNo-01036-00209215-00209551 also to work um with ewe
fkpr3iR-zNo-01037-00209552-00209839 those are our first nations um and tai
fkpr3iR-zNo-01038-00209840-00210023 tokero for the last
fkpr3iR-zNo-01039-00210023-00210375 30 years as it would be it happens to be
fkpr3iR-zNo-01040-00210376-00210791 and so um while i just
fkpr3iR-zNo-01041-00210792-00210991 start to share what we've been talking
fkpr3iR-zNo-01042-00210992-00211198 about
fkpr3iR-zNo-01043-00211200-00211510 the context for this is really um on
fkpr3iR-zNo-01044-00211511-00211775 our based on our history and some of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01045-00211776-00211823 which
fkpr3iR-zNo-01046-00211823-00212151 um teresa has just recently uh has just
fkpr3iR-zNo-01047-00212152-00212310 shared with you
fkpr3iR-zNo-01048-00212311-00212734 but um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01049-00212735-00213158 our our nation is enjoying the second
fkpr3iR-zNo-01050-00213159-00213439 version of nationhood um its first
fkpr3iR-zNo-01051-00213440-00213710 version was really when it was settled
fkpr3iR-zNo-01052-00213711-00214063 by um first nations um who identify
fkpr3iR-zNo-01053-00214064-00214358 under uh their various um their own
fkpr3iR-zNo-01054-00214359-00214591 names but we are collectively known as
fkpr3iR-zNo-01055-00214592-00214958 maori and our second form of nationhood
fkpr3iR-zNo-01056-00214959-00215294 happened in the mid-1800s
fkpr3iR-zNo-01057-00215296-00215703 and allowed actually foreign i guess
fkpr3iR-zNo-01058-00215704-00216039 the promise was a more richer experience
fkpr3iR-zNo-01059-00216040-00216439 of both the goodness that is endemic
fkpr3iR-zNo-01060-00216440-00216758 in aotearoa new zealand and to be able
fkpr3iR-zNo-01061-00216759-00217103 to share because we're really curious
fkpr3iR-zNo-01062-00217104-00217375 who are really curious people anyway um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01063-00217376-00217606 just to share from other cultures
fkpr3iR-zNo-01064-00217607-00217855 um and be able to experience a written
fkpr3iR-zNo-01065-00217856-00218023 richness that they would bring
fkpr3iR-zNo-01066-00218023-00218310 and so that was the promise that started
fkpr3iR-zNo-01067-00218311-00218367 um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01068-00218367-00218655 i guess uh the first second version of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01069-00218656-00218951 nationhood that we were enjoying
fkpr3iR-zNo-01070-00218952-00219223 um history has shown however that that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01071-00219223-00219334 history has been a bit
fkpr3iR-zNo-01072-00219335-00219598 um our experience of that has been a bit
fkpr3iR-zNo-01073-00219600-00219687 pitted
fkpr3iR-zNo-01074-00219688-00219998 and i guess it's a legacy of a um of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01075-00220000-00220158 colonisation
fkpr3iR-zNo-01076-00220159-00220558 and so what we have done here is that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01077-00220559-00220975 in the um in early 2010
fkpr3iR-zNo-01078-00220976-00221319 2013 there was an opportunity that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01079-00221319-00221639 settlement processes as a result
fkpr3iR-zNo-01080-00221640-00221894 of the grievances and the harm that had
fkpr3iR-zNo-01081-00221896-00222023 been done
fkpr3iR-zNo-01082-00222023-00222310 as a result of colonisation meant that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01083-00222311-00222487 we had settlements or
fkpr3iR-zNo-01084-00222488-00222806 um i don't know well what you would call
fkpr3iR-zNo-01085-00222807-00223055 it um it certainly isn't payment back
fkpr3iR-zNo-01086-00223056-00223263 but just a way of um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01087-00223264-00223575 i guess recompensing um our people for
fkpr3iR-zNo-01088-00223576-00223894 the losses that they had suffered
fkpr3iR-zNo-01089-00223896-00224151 in those provided area in the north the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01090-00224152-00224246 opportunity
fkpr3iR-zNo-01091-00224248-00224527 i guess to take the lead in determining
fkpr3iR-zNo-01092-00224528-00224679 and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01093-00224680-00224910 investing in the economic well-being of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01094-00224911-00225055 their people
fkpr3iR-zNo-01095-00225056-00225375 based on how we define what is good for
fkpr3iR-zNo-01096-00225376-00225479 us
fkpr3iR-zNo-01097-00225480-00226239 and in there we have a saying
fkpr3iR-zNo-01098-00226240-00226567 and this is where we understand when
fkpr3iR-zNo-01099-00226567-00226806 we're engaging with all of the resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-01100-00226807-00227039 and our responsibilities that we have as
fkpr3iR-zNo-01101-00227040-00227127 maori
fkpr3iR-zNo-01102-00227128-00227398 that everything is interrelated
fkpr3iR-zNo-01103-00227400-00227582 everything is interconnected
fkpr3iR-zNo-01104-00227583-00227863 nothing exists in itself and so what i'm
fkpr3iR-zNo-01105-00227864-00228039 going to be talking about today is
fkpr3iR-zNo-01106-00228040-00228294 really about a tikanga-led approach to
fkpr3iR-zNo-01107-00228296-00228510 the way that we invest our effort and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01108-00228511-00228719 our resources
fkpr3iR-zNo-01109-00228719-00229031 and tikanga basically is a system of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01110-00229032-00229158 interconnected
fkpr3iR-zNo-01111-00229159-00229463 and interrelated values principles
fkpr3iR-zNo-01112-00229464-00229871 behaviors and actions and it is a lens
fkpr3iR-zNo-01113-00229871-00229934 through which
fkpr3iR-zNo-01114-00229935-00230334 maori uh see and interact with the world
fkpr3iR-zNo-01115-00230335-00230655 um it's genesis and there is a hierarchy
fkpr3iR-zNo-01116-00230656-00230719 for that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01117-00230719-00230919 starts in the spiritual world it's
fkpr3iR-zNo-01118-00230919-00231079 connected with the universe from
fkpr3iR-zNo-01119-00231080-00231263 cosmology it's connected with
fkpr3iR-zNo-01120-00231264-00231494 thought and philosophy and then it
fkpr3iR-zNo-01121-00231496-00231567 manifests
fkpr3iR-zNo-01122-00231567-00231815 itself in physical and in the physical
fkpr3iR-zNo-01123-00231816-00232015 realm
fkpr3iR-zNo-01124-00232016-00232319 so it was important for us that if
fkpr3iR-zNo-01125-00232319-00232551 we are to be defining what success looks
fkpr3iR-zNo-01126-00232552-00232758 like looks like for us that we are
fkpr3iR-zNo-01127-00232759-00232855 looking at there
fkpr3iR-zNo-01128-00232856-00233239 for a tikanga lens so tikanga for us
fkpr3iR-zNo-01129-00233240-00233494 matters and here on the left hand side
fkpr3iR-zNo-01130-00233496-00233567 we have bubbles
fkpr3iR-zNo-01131-00233567-00233927 tangata means our people finoa is our
fkpr3iR-zNo-01132-00233928-00234055 planet
fkpr3iR-zNo-01133-00234056-00234406 and oranga is how how we um use those
fkpr3iR-zNo-01134-00234407-00234646 sorts of resources in order to generate
fkpr3iR-zNo-01135-00234648-00234806 well-being
fkpr3iR-zNo-01136-00234807-00235071 and so the current model that we're
fkpr3iR-zNo-01137-00235071-00235191 operating under the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01138-00235192-00235439 uh under at the moment is at the top
fkpr3iR-zNo-01139-00235440-00235519 there
fkpr3iR-zNo-01140-00235519-00235871 we need to make money and with whatever
fkpr3iR-zNo-01141-00235871-00236110 we have left over after we've made money
fkpr3iR-zNo-01142-00236111-00236375 we'll do good from a te kanga point of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01143-00236376-00236494 view
fkpr3iR-zNo-01144-00236496-00236806 tikanga is purpose and well-being driven
fkpr3iR-zNo-01145-00236807-00237127 not profit driven it focuses on
fkpr3iR-zNo-01146-00237128-00237423 upholding the well-being of people in
fkpr3iR-zNo-01147-00237423-00237534 the planet
fkpr3iR-zNo-01148-00237535-00237782 has been the determinants of how you
fkpr3iR-zNo-01149-00237783-00237982 would use capital
fkpr3iR-zNo-01150-00237983-00238263 and your best thinking to achieve those
fkpr3iR-zNo-01151-00238264-00238446 ends
fkpr3iR-zNo-01152-00238448-00238694 so it starts with this uh one of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01153-00238696-00238839 other things that i want to talk about
fkpr3iR-zNo-01154-00238840-00238975 with our genealogy
fkpr3iR-zNo-01155-00238976-00239303 is that um we call that whakapapa
fkpr3iR-zNo-01156-00239304-00239487 and so you might hear me drop into that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01157-00239488-00239806 sort of language because i've got it
fkpr3iR-zNo-01158-00239807-00239982 i'm operating in both worlds at the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01159-00239983-00240167 moment so tikanga matters and i'll just
fkpr3iR-zNo-01160-00240167-00240358 give you a brief explanation of what i
fkpr3iR-zNo-01161-00240359-00240542 mean
fkpr3iR-zNo-01162-00240544-00240958 so inherently what we believe is maori
fkpr3iR-zNo-01163-00240959-00241079 people
fkpr3iR-zNo-01164-00241080-00241391 that everything we are and everything
fkpr3iR-zNo-01165-00241392-00241542 that we have been given
fkpr3iR-zNo-01166-00241544-00241846 is divinely inspired so that imposes
fkpr3iR-zNo-01167-00241848-00241927 upon us
fkpr3iR-zNo-01168-00241928-00242198 sacred obligations on the left hand side
fkpr3iR-zNo-01169-00242200-00242358 at the top there we have a word there
fkpr3iR-zNo-01170-00242359-00242558 called
fkpr3iR-zNo-01171-00242559-00242751 and that means that we have a sacred
fkpr3iR-zNo-01172-00242752-00242871 obligation
fkpr3iR-zNo-01173-00242871-00243167 to deeply care for people people that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01174-00243167-00243294 are connected to us
fkpr3iR-zNo-01175-00243296-00243551 or people that come across our path or
fkpr3iR-zNo-01176-00243552-00243703 people to whom we would show
fkpr3iR-zNo-01177-00243704-00243975 hospitality and then on the other side
fkpr3iR-zNo-01178-00243976-00244087 of that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01179-00244088-00244415 we have a sacred obligation to care for
fkpr3iR-zNo-01180-00244416-00244598 the life-supporting capacity of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01181-00244600-00244703 planet
fkpr3iR-zNo-01182-00244704-00245006 in perpetuity and in fact
fkpr3iR-zNo-01183-00245007-00245303 for maori people we can actually up
fkpr3iR-zNo-01184-00245304-00245542 or trace our genesis too
fkpr3iR-zNo-01185-00245544-00245791 to elements in the environment we are
fkpr3iR-zNo-01186-00245792-00246015 inseparable from them
fkpr3iR-zNo-01187-00246016-00246230 and so what did both those obligations
fkpr3iR-zNo-01188-00246231-00246439 impose upon us
fkpr3iR-zNo-01189-00246440-00246751 is um the obligation to actually
fkpr3iR-zNo-01190-00246752-00246815 generate
fkpr3iR-zNo-01191-00246816-00247119 well-being in order to achieve both
fkpr3iR-zNo-01192-00247119-00247287 parts of those obligations
fkpr3iR-zNo-01193-00247288-00247479 well-being for the environment and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01194-00247480-00247655 well-being for our people
fkpr3iR-zNo-01195-00247656-00247958 and that is what the word means is to
fkpr3iR-zNo-01196-00247959-00248023 prosper
fkpr3iR-zNo-01197-00248023-00248351 and to do well and so sitting underneath
fkpr3iR-zNo-01198-00248352-00248415 that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01199-00248416-00248703 there are also sacred values that we
fkpr3iR-zNo-01200-00248704-00248798 hold
fkpr3iR-zNo-01201-00248800-00249046 starting from the left-hand side we have
fkpr3iR-zNo-01202-00249048-00249142 tikka
fkpr3iR-zNo-01203-00249144-00249475 that means that what we do we know
fkpr3iR-zNo-01204-00249476-00249798 inherently with honesty
fkpr3iR-zNo-01205-00249800-00250079 that it is the right thing to do so
fkpr3iR-zNo-01206-00250080-00250255 what's the right thing to do and in the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01207-00250256-00250310 middle
fkpr3iR-zNo-01208-00250311-00250615 puno what does wisdom tell us
fkpr3iR-zNo-01209-00250616-00250846 what's what is the truth what's what
fkpr3iR-zNo-01210-00250848-00250967 does integrity
fkpr3iR-zNo-01211-00250967-00251223 demand of us and then on the right hand
fkpr3iR-zNo-01212-00251223-00251471 side we have aroha
fkpr3iR-zNo-01213-00251471-00251798 and aruha is love what does love
fkpr3iR-zNo-01214-00251800-00252079 require from us so those are the sacred
fkpr3iR-zNo-01215-00252080-00252134 values
fkpr3iR-zNo-01216-00252135-00252430 that we will always uphold those never
fkpr3iR-zNo-01217-00252431-00252542 change
fkpr3iR-zNo-01218-00252544-00252871 everything above that line but sitting
fkpr3iR-zNo-01219-00252871-00253087 underneath that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01220-00253088-00253430 we have i guess maori best prac
fkpr3iR-zNo-01221-00253431-00253687 practice so given that we're going to be
fkpr3iR-zNo-01222-00253688-00253823 applying tikanga
fkpr3iR-zNo-01223-00253823-00254134 to our um to our economic development
fkpr3iR-zNo-01224-00254135-00254415 um below that line what you have is how
fkpr3iR-zNo-01225-00254416-00254606 we would craft what our best practice
fkpr3iR-zNo-01226-00254607-00254791 would look like
fkpr3iR-zNo-01227-00254792-00255079 means how do we exercise influence how
fkpr3iR-zNo-01228-00255080-00255287 do we use our influence to affect
fkpr3iR-zNo-01229-00255288-00255542 systems change in terms of creating an
fkpr3iR-zNo-01230-00255544-00255630 environment
fkpr3iR-zNo-01231-00255631-00255998 policy legislative and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01232-00256000-00256342 strategic environment to
fkpr3iR-zNo-01233-00256344-00256646 that enables our people to succeed
fkpr3iR-zNo-01234-00256648-00257006 and then after that every decision that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01235-00257007-00257046 we
fkpr3iR-zNo-01236-00257048-00257287 make needs to be based on really good
fkpr3iR-zNo-01237-00257288-00257375 evidence
fkpr3iR-zNo-01238-00257376-00257655 including evidence from our own um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01239-00257656-00257846 cultural intelligence
fkpr3iR-zNo-01240-00257848-00258119 around what is good for us and what is
fkpr3iR-zNo-01241-00258119-00258358 culturally credible
fkpr3iR-zNo-01242-00258359-00258655 and then in the middle there this is
fkpr3iR-zNo-01243-00258656-00258694 about
fkpr3iR-zNo-01244-00258696-00258903 building the capability or providing the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01245-00258904-00259055 expertise for our people
fkpr3iR-zNo-01246-00259056-00259287 to be able to create meaningful and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01247-00259288-00259463 independent lives
fkpr3iR-zNo-01248-00259464-00259751 that are noble and honorable for them as
fkpr3iR-zNo-01249-00259752-00259887 they determine
fkpr3iR-zNo-01250-00259888-00260191 and then fairawa photo is as
fkpr3iR-zNo-01251-00260192-00260423 eewee or as first nations with the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01252-00260423-00260663 resources that we have in our hands
fkpr3iR-zNo-01253-00260664-00260951 um how do we use it to ensure that we
fkpr3iR-zNo-01254-00260952-00261182 can mobilize those resources so that our
fkpr3iR-zNo-01255-00261183-00261230 people
fkpr3iR-zNo-01256-00261231-00261479 and our lands prosper and then on the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01257-00261480-00261598 far side there
fkpr3iR-zNo-01258-00261600-00261751 is that the fact that we're actually
fkpr3iR-zNo-01259-00261752-00262023 really relational and not transactional
fkpr3iR-zNo-01260-00262023-00262255 so we would be looking to ensure that we
fkpr3iR-zNo-01261-00262256-00262471 actually work collaboratively with other
fkpr3iR-zNo-01262-00262472-00262727 organizations who are values aligned
fkpr3iR-zNo-01263-00262728-00263071 to advance the interests of our people
fkpr3iR-zNo-01264-00263072-00263375 so that is our te kanga framework
fkpr3iR-zNo-01265-00263376-00263647 and so what did we do we applied that to
fkpr3iR-zNo-01266-00263648-00263863 some economic analysis that we did
fkpr3iR-zNo-01267-00263864-00264206 back in the time which was in 2013
fkpr3iR-zNo-01268-00264207-00264430 and what we have there is what it showed
fkpr3iR-zNo-01269-00264431-00264695 that the taitokaro maori economy looks
fkpr3iR-zNo-01270-00264696-00264775 like
fkpr3iR-zNo-01271-00264776-00265015 at that time and what those statistics
fkpr3iR-zNo-01272-00265016-00265263 demonstrate is that we have a developing
fkpr3iR-zNo-01273-00265264-00265406 economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-01274-00265407-00265663 within a developed economy and what that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01275-00265664-00265982 means is that we needed to have a policy
fkpr3iR-zNo-01276-00265983-00266191 environment that was tailored towards
fkpr3iR-zNo-01277-00266192-00266303 both parts
fkpr3iR-zNo-01278-00266304-00266599 of a developing in a developed economy
fkpr3iR-zNo-01279-00266600-00266806 we needed to fix the fundamental
fkpr3iR-zNo-01280-00266807-00267103 fundamentals and what those statistics
fkpr3iR-zNo-01281-00267104-00267319 basically demonstrated
fkpr3iR-zNo-01282-00267320-00267543 is the accumulation of a number of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01283-00267544-00267623 things
fkpr3iR-zNo-01284-00267624-00267887 uppermost being poor investment
fkpr3iR-zNo-01285-00267888-00267991 decisions
fkpr3iR-zNo-01286-00267992-00268303 under investment disinvestment no
fkpr3iR-zNo-01287-00268304-00268599 investment and divestment across the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01288-00268600-00268687 spectrum
fkpr3iR-zNo-01289-00268688-00268991 of all of those institutions who are
fkpr3iR-zNo-01290-00268992-00269110 purportedly
fkpr3iR-zNo-01291-00269111-00269391 investing into maori into their economic
fkpr3iR-zNo-01292-00269392-00269639 well-being
fkpr3iR-zNo-01293-00269640-00269799 so we had to take charge of the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01294-00269800-00270023 conversations around investment
fkpr3iR-zNo-01295-00270024-00270319 coming into maori and development into
fkpr3iR-zNo-01296-00270320-00270527 our region
fkpr3iR-zNo-01297-00270528-00270703 and what we found is that it was really
fkpr3iR-zNo-01298-00270704-00270839 difficult to have those
fkpr3iR-zNo-01299-00270840-00271103 there was just no meeting the minds so
fkpr3iR-zNo-01300-00271104-00271287 we had to actually create our own
fkpr3iR-zNo-01301-00271288-00271703 investment platform and that was
fkpr3iR-zNo-01302-00271704-00271934 which is transforming title query for
fkpr3iR-zNo-01303-00271935-00272015 good
fkpr3iR-zNo-01304-00272016-00272310 and what we were finding if you would um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01305-00272311-00272423 based on the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01306-00272424-00272647 traditional investment models and the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01307-00272648-00272879 investment mindset
fkpr3iR-zNo-01308-00272880-00273182 that is still prevalent is that um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01309-00273183-00273375 investment would come into standard
fkpr3iR-zNo-01310-00273376-00273630 projects they're good projects
fkpr3iR-zNo-01311-00273631-00273847 um and they would there would be some
fkpr3iR-zNo-01312-00273848-00274039 social or environmental return that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01313-00274040-00274239 might be a part of that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01314-00274240-00274510 and it's primarily reliant upon grants
fkpr3iR-zNo-01315-00274511-00274671 and donations
fkpr3iR-zNo-01316-00274672-00274903 and it was difficult to align those with
fkpr3iR-zNo-01317-00274904-00275158 other projects or entities so often
fkpr3iR-zNo-01318-00275159-00275510 the impact was often limited so if we go
fkpr3iR-zNo-01319-00275511-00275719 right to the far end of the spectrum
fkpr3iR-zNo-01320-00275720-00275879 there on the right hand side
fkpr3iR-zNo-01321-00275880-00276271 a systems level project is actually what
fkpr3iR-zNo-01322-00276272-00276615 tikanga led investing looks like
fkpr3iR-zNo-01323-00276616-00276943 this is us understanding the ecosystem
fkpr3iR-zNo-01324-00276944-00277247 and all of the interdependencies
fkpr3iR-zNo-01325-00277248-00277582 between um a number of factors
fkpr3iR-zNo-01326-00277583-00277799 uh so that we could actually if we were
fkpr3iR-zNo-01327-00277800-00277919 to invest
fkpr3iR-zNo-01328-00277920-00278239 across a whole spectrum of projects
fkpr3iR-zNo-01329-00278240-00278379 and we understood what those
fkpr3iR-zNo-01330-00278380-00278543 interdependencies were
fkpr3iR-zNo-01331-00278544-00278751 that we would actually get a greater
fkpr3iR-zNo-01332-00278752-00278863 level of system
fkpr3iR-zNo-01333-00278864-00279110 a systems level return or a regenerative
fkpr3iR-zNo-01334-00279111-00279295 return
fkpr3iR-zNo-01335-00279296-00279591 and it would often need to understand
fkpr3iR-zNo-01336-00279592-00279758 start with an understanding of our
fkpr3iR-zNo-01337-00279759-00279815 system
fkpr3iR-zNo-01338-00279816-00280079 which is what we did and to understand
fkpr3iR-zNo-01339-00280080-00280158 where the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01340-00280159-00280430 best points were for us to intervene it
fkpr3iR-zNo-01341-00280431-00280527 was really us
fkpr3iR-zNo-01342-00280528-00280751 taking a portfolio approach to the way
fkpr3iR-zNo-01343-00280752-00280982 that we would invest
fkpr3iR-zNo-01344-00280983-00281199 and so what we were looking for too is
fkpr3iR-zNo-01345-00281200-00281423 that our timeline or our horizons
fkpr3iR-zNo-01346-00281424-00281663 are intergenerational so that we are
fkpr3iR-zNo-01347-00281664-00281871 looking for impact that is long-term
fkpr3iR-zNo-01348-00281872-00282158 and self-sustained between a standard
fkpr3iR-zNo-01349-00282159-00282295 way of investing
fkpr3iR-zNo-01350-00282296-00282534 in a maori or a tikanga-led way of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01351-00282535-00282655 investing
fkpr3iR-zNo-01352-00282656-00282823 other ways of investing they're great
fkpr3iR-zNo-01353-00282824-00283015 you've got impact um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01354-00283016-00283223 impact projects a particular project
fkpr3iR-zNo-01355-00283224-00283423 that people would invest into
fkpr3iR-zNo-01356-00283424-00283655 and they'd be looking for a social or an
fkpr3iR-zNo-01357-00283656-00283895 environmental return that's a good thing
fkpr3iR-zNo-01358-00283896-00284175 but it was not it was done in a silo and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01359-00284176-00284399 really wasn't looking at aligning with
fkpr3iR-zNo-01360-00284400-00284727 other projects or entities so the impact
fkpr3iR-zNo-01361-00284728-00284767 is
fkpr3iR-zNo-01362-00284768-00285071 likely but it was a lot more narrow you
fkpr3iR-zNo-01363-00285072-00285191 might have a number of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01364-00285192-00285510 projects that are impact-based
fkpr3iR-zNo-01365-00285511-00285743 and they're looking to maximize value
fkpr3iR-zNo-01366-00285744-00285815 but that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01367-00285816-00286030 value is usually just out of quite a
fkpr3iR-zNo-01368-00286031-00286239 discrete or at a local level
fkpr3iR-zNo-01369-00286240-00286415 and what we were wanting is that this
fkpr3iR-zNo-01370-00286416-00286595 was something that was
fkpr3iR-zNo-01371-00286596-00286919 intergenerational it was self-sustaining
fkpr3iR-zNo-01372-00286920-00287019 so that would
fkpr3iR-zNo-01373-00287020-00287230 self-determination was a part of its
fkpr3iR-zNo-01374-00287231-00287334 characteristics
fkpr3iR-zNo-01375-00287335-00287495 in the returns that we would be looking
fkpr3iR-zNo-01376-00287496-00287647 for
fkpr3iR-zNo-01377-00287648-00287791 and usually it means that the power
fkpr3iR-zNo-01378-00287792-00288303 would be returning to those communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-01379-00288304-00288647 and so what we were looking for in terms
fkpr3iR-zNo-01380-00288648-00288871 of how we wanted to use capital is to
fkpr3iR-zNo-01381-00288872-00289047 use capital and have a different
fkpr3iR-zNo-01382-00289048-00289271 relationship with investment
fkpr3iR-zNo-01383-00289272-00289510 um different to what it is at the moment
fkpr3iR-zNo-01384-00289511-00289695 but this is about capital
fkpr3iR-zNo-01385-00289696-00290015 being a force for good it is a means and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01386-00290016-00290110 not an end
fkpr3iR-zNo-01387-00290111-00290303 and so on the left-hand side of we were
fkpr3iR-zNo-01388-00290304-00290503 looking at what tikanga led
fkpr3iR-zNo-01389-00290504-00290710 impact investing or tikanga lead
fkpr3iR-zNo-01390-00290711-00290919 investing looks like
fkpr3iR-zNo-01391-00290920-00291079 these are the sorts of components that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01392-00291080-00291230 we would be looking for
fkpr3iR-zNo-01393-00291231-00291479 in terms of any priority community or
fkpr3iR-zNo-01394-00291480-00291767 any priority that we were investing into
fkpr3iR-zNo-01395-00291768-00291979 so on the left hand side
fkpr3iR-zNo-01396-00291980-00292110 self-determination
fkpr3iR-zNo-01397-00292111-00292479 versus servitude this is about we
fkpr3iR-zNo-01398-00292480-00292806 and not about me this is about
fkpr3iR-zNo-01399-00292807-00293087 what's done by the priority community
fkpr3iR-zNo-01400-00293088-00293223 and it's bespoke
fkpr3iR-zNo-01401-00293224-00293439 based on their lived experience their
fkpr3iR-zNo-01402-00293440-00293623 determination of what good looks like
fkpr3iR-zNo-01403-00293624-00293679 for them
fkpr3iR-zNo-01404-00293680-00293991 and how they choose to measure it rather
fkpr3iR-zNo-01405-00293992-00294071 than being done
fkpr3iR-zNo-01406-00294072-00294479 to them and having a one-size-fits-all
fkpr3iR-zNo-01407-00294480-00294703 or a universal approach
fkpr3iR-zNo-01408-00294704-00295079 we also take a holistic systems level
fkpr3iR-zNo-01409-00295080-00295158 approach
fkpr3iR-zNo-01410-00295159-00295454 rather than the siloed poorly targeted
fkpr3iR-zNo-01411-00295455-00295510 ticket
fkpr3iR-zNo-01412-00295511-00295806 tinkering around the ages approach we're
fkpr3iR-zNo-01413-00295807-00295910 looking
fkpr3iR-zNo-01414-00295911-00296167 at intergenerational horizons we're
fkpr3iR-zNo-01415-00296168-00296406 looking for large-scale impact
fkpr3iR-zNo-01416-00296407-00296799 rather than short-term limited impact
fkpr3iR-zNo-01417-00296800-00297030 we are always if you go back to our
fkpr3iR-zNo-01418-00297031-00297119 values
fkpr3iR-zNo-01419-00297120-00297375 looking to uphold people and the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01420-00297376-00297447 environment
fkpr3iR-zNo-01421-00297448-00297615 and the investment decisions that we
fkpr3iR-zNo-01422-00297616-00297799 make we are not looking
fkpr3iR-zNo-01423-00297800-00298143 to commoditize them our footprint
fkpr3iR-zNo-01424-00298144-00298423 our fingerprints should be regenerative
fkpr3iR-zNo-01425-00298424-00298558 restorative
fkpr3iR-zNo-01426-00298559-00298919 in inclusive well-being rather than
fkpr3iR-zNo-01427-00298920-00299039 extractive
fkpr3iR-zNo-01428-00299040-00299543 exploitive mercenary profiteering
fkpr3iR-zNo-01429-00299544-00299823 we have our priority communities as
fkpr3iR-zNo-01430-00299824-00299943 being the owners
fkpr3iR-zNo-01431-00299944-00300182 and investors and if they are the owners
fkpr3iR-zNo-01432-00300183-00300295 and investors
fkpr3iR-zNo-01433-00300296-00300503 then they're definitely co-designing and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01434-00300504-00300695 co-leading it
fkpr3iR-zNo-01435-00300696-00300975 rather than them retaining the status of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01436-00300976-00301119 being constantly
fkpr3iR-zNo-01437-00301120-00301415 and generationally dependent and being
fkpr3iR-zNo-01438-00301416-00301479 the end
fkpr3iR-zNo-01439-00301480-00301871 users of services the models that we use
fkpr3iR-zNo-01440-00301872-00302047 are defined by our tikanga
fkpr3iR-zNo-01441-00302048-00302351 what our values say and by our measures
fkpr3iR-zNo-01442-00302352-00302479 of success
fkpr3iR-zNo-01443-00302480-00302687 rather than the business as usual models
fkpr3iR-zNo-01444-00302688-00302727 and um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01445-00302728-00302919 [Music]
fkpr3iR-zNo-01446-00302920-00303110 slides alluded to those sorts of things
fkpr3iR-zNo-01447-00303111-00303271 in terms of gdp
fkpr3iR-zNo-01448-00303272-00303495 and things that we can measure and count
fkpr3iR-zNo-01449-00303496-00303599 rather the things
fkpr3iR-zNo-01450-00303600-00303910 then the things that actually come and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01451-00303911-00304047 we're looking at
fkpr3iR-zNo-01452-00304048-00304303 crafting collaborative high trust
fkpr3iR-zNo-01453-00304304-00304415 relationships
fkpr3iR-zNo-01454-00304416-00304710 rather than master servant competitive
fkpr3iR-zNo-01455-00304711-00304815 relationships
fkpr3iR-zNo-01456-00304816-00305175 we're not transactional
fkpr3iR-zNo-01457-00305176-00305454 and so it's interesting one would think
fkpr3iR-zNo-01458-00305455-00305582 that um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01459-00305583-00305847 and i were actually preparing our slides
fkpr3iR-zNo-01460-00305848-00306047 together but we did this independent of
fkpr3iR-zNo-01461-00306048-00306158 each other
fkpr3iR-zNo-01462-00306159-00306399 really where the change sits is that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01463-00306400-00306543 this is actually about
fkpr3iR-zNo-01464-00306544-00306854 rebalancing and redistributing power
fkpr3iR-zNo-01465-00306855-00307158 because the world is out of balance
fkpr3iR-zNo-01466-00307159-00307391 and if we talk about equity from a maori
fkpr3iR-zNo-01467-00307392-00307543 point of view we're talking about
fkpr3iR-zNo-01468-00307544-00307903 equilibrium and so this is about who's
fkpr3iR-zNo-01469-00307904-00308023 wielding
fkpr3iR-zNo-01470-00308024-00308319 who's building and her sharing power and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01471-00308320-00308406 where it actually
fkpr3iR-zNo-01472-00308407-00308727 ends up staying and power
fkpr3iR-zNo-01473-00308728-00308991 just to be really clear is the ability
fkpr3iR-zNo-01474-00308992-00309151 to change the rules
fkpr3iR-zNo-01475-00309152-00309487 and to set the rules for the game
fkpr3iR-zNo-01476-00309488-00309758 and as a final point one of the things
fkpr3iR-zNo-01477-00309759-00309934 that i would like to say
fkpr3iR-zNo-01478-00309935-00310151 is that the world as we have created it
fkpr3iR-zNo-01479-00310152-00310399 is the process of our thinking
fkpr3iR-zNo-01480-00310400-00310599 it cannot be changed without changing
fkpr3iR-zNo-01481-00310600-00310734 our thinking
fkpr3iR-zNo-01482-00310735-00311063 and so we can do that by redistributing
fkpr3iR-zNo-01483-00311064-00311175 power
fkpr3iR-zNo-01484-00311176-00311399 so that the energy that we have control
fkpr3iR-zNo-01485-00311400-00311647 over is used to restore
fkpr3iR-zNo-01486-00311648-00312047 regenerate heal share
fkpr3iR-zNo-01487-00312048-00312319 to unlock potential that sits inside
fkpr3iR-zNo-01488-00312320-00312447 communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-01489-00312448-00312727 and the resources particularly for those
fkpr3iR-zNo-01490-00312728-00312895 communities who have been
fkpr3iR-zNo-01491-00312896-00313215 marginalized and excluded
fkpr3iR-zNo-01492-00313216-00313519 and so power energy
fkpr3iR-zNo-01493-00313520-00313895 and potential uh final three points that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01494-00313896-00314119 we have that i want to um
fkpr3iR-zNo-01495-00314120-00314367 talk about from ahmadi point of view
fkpr3iR-zNo-01496-00314368-00314430 those are what
fkpr3iR-zNo-01497-00314431-00314654 we're talking about when we say that
fkpr3iR-zNo-01498-00314655-00314823 we're talking about
fkpr3iR-zNo-01499-00314824-00315079 enhancing the mana the maori and the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01500-00315080-00315239 couple of something
fkpr3iR-zNo-01501-00315240-00315454 those are the energies that exist in
fkpr3iR-zNo-01502-00315455-00315543 everything
fkpr3iR-zNo-01503-00315544-00315830 and everyone in the universe i guess the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01504-00315831-00316015 non-mighty equivalent would be
fkpr3iR-zNo-01505-00316016-00316206 to say that we're looking at being more
fkpr3iR-zNo-01506-00316207-00316391 moral and ethical
fkpr3iR-zNo-01507-00316392-00316630 in the way that we invest and we behave
fkpr3iR-zNo-01508-00316631-00316782 and we think
fkpr3iR-zNo-01509-00316783-00317779 everyone
fkpr3iR-zNo-01510-00317780-00318103 is thank you so much my friend
fkpr3iR-zNo-01511-00318104-00318319 um you know and thank you for sharing
fkpr3iR-zNo-01512-00318320-00318551 our te kanga model as a decision making
fkpr3iR-zNo-01513-00318552-00318654 process
fkpr3iR-zNo-01514-00318655-00318839 i think one of the key things i got from
fkpr3iR-zNo-01515-00318840-00319039 this is how values
fkpr3iR-zNo-01516-00319040-00319287 is used as a barometer you know at the
fkpr3iR-zNo-01517-00319288-00319495 forefront of collaboration and decision
fkpr3iR-zNo-01518-00319496-00319615 making
fkpr3iR-zNo-01519-00319616-00319815 and i'm also grateful that when it comes
fkpr3iR-zNo-01520-00319816-00319927 to power
fkpr3iR-zNo-01521-00319928-00320103 that you're using you yours to make
fkpr3iR-zNo-01522-00320104-00320310 change to unlock the potentiality of our
fkpr3iR-zNo-01523-00320311-00320700 communities
fkpr3iR-zNo-01524-00320701-00321230 [Music]
fkpr3iR-zNo-01525-00321231-00321454 just um you know giving praise and
fkpr3iR-zNo-01526-00321455-00321679 thanks to
fkpr3iR-zNo-01527-00321680-00321992 us all
fl99ABqgB4Q-00000-00000024-00000238 make a date with reverend dr ebenezer
fl99ABqgB4Q-00001-00000239-00000318 mark way
fl99ABqgB4Q-00002-00000319-00000638 at 6 00 a.m from monday to saturday on
fl99ABqgB4Q-00003-00000639-00000751 graphic online
fl99ABqgB4Q-00004-00000752-00001047 via facebook and youtube as he expounds
fl99ABqgB4Q-00005-00001048-00001199 on matters of faith
fl99ABqgB4Q-00006-00001200-00001543 graphic online truth and accuracy
fl99ABqgB4Q-00007-00001544-00001841 every day
fl99ABqgB4Q-00008-00001842-00002902 [Music]
fl99ABqgB4Q-00009-00002903-00003095 my name is reverend dr ebenezer marquis
fl99ABqgB4Q-00010-00003096-00003319 of living streams international
fl99ABqgB4Q-00011-00003320-00003606 bringing you matters of faith with
fl99ABqgB4Q-00012-00003607-00003863 graphic online
fl99ABqgB4Q-00013-00003864-00004151 my perspective in life or my my posture
fl99ABqgB4Q-00014-00004152-00004222 where scripture
fl99ABqgB4Q-00015-00004223-00004495 is concerned as scripture has to be so
fl99ABqgB4Q-00016-00004496-00004647 meaningful and scripture has to be done
fl99ABqgB4Q-00017-00004648-00004727 to earth
fl99ABqgB4Q-00018-00004728-00004999 for everyone else to be able to follow
fl99ABqgB4Q-00019-00005000-00005079 this morning
fl99ABqgB4Q-00020-00005080-00005279 i bring you something it's very funny
fl99ABqgB4Q-00021-00005280-00005399 but i'd like to call it
fl99ABqgB4Q-00022-00005400-00005591 get off your high horse so if there's
fl99ABqgB4Q-00023-00005592-00005711 somebody beside you
fl99ABqgB4Q-00024-00005712-00005927 or maybe there's somebody really really
fl99ABqgB4Q-00025-00005928-00006086 who you want to say something to you
fl99ABqgB4Q-00026-00006087-00006159 know
fl99ABqgB4Q-00027-00006160-00006343 a humpty dumpty in your life or
fl99ABqgB4Q-00028-00006344-00006534 something like that send this one to the
fl99ABqgB4Q-00029-00006536-00006614 person
fl99ABqgB4Q-00030-00006615-00006798 into other person get off your high
fl99ABqgB4Q-00031-00006800-00006919 horse but you know what
fl99ABqgB4Q-00032-00006920-00007287 you need to get off your high horse
fl99ABqgB4Q-00033-00007288-00007519 in in acts of the apostles acts chapter
fl99ABqgB4Q-00034-00007520-00007591 nine
fl99ABqgB4Q-00035-00007592-00007870 verse four there is a very powerful
fl99ABqgB4Q-00036-00007872-00008031 story in israel neither is a very
fl99ABqgB4Q-00037-00008031-00008127 powerful story
fl99ABqgB4Q-00038-00008128-00008446 of a young man called saul very very
fl99ABqgB4Q-00039-00008447-00008695 educated brilliantly educated
fl99ABqgB4Q-00040-00008696-00008895 i mean he's i mean himself when he was
fl99ABqgB4Q-00041-00008896-00009063 mentioning his academic laws and the
fl99ABqgB4Q-00042-00009064-00009142 kind of
fl99ABqgB4Q-00043-00009143-00009446 uh the man had won what we call in the
fl99ABqgB4Q-00044-00009447-00009583 university academic
fl99ABqgB4Q-00045-00009584-00009814 you know the gown i mean the ground of
fl99ABqgB4Q-00046-00009815-00010006 poposity academic pomposity
fl99ABqgB4Q-00047-00010007-00010263 we call it academic pompo you'll be very
fl99ABqgB4Q-00048-00010264-00010438 very surprised paul had sat under some
fl99ABqgB4Q-00049-00010439-00010503 of the most
fl99ABqgB4Q-00050-00010504-00010806 leonard scholars and in judaism at that
fl99ABqgB4Q-00051-00010807-00011006 time and one of them was called gamaliel
fl99ABqgB4Q-00052-00011007-00011246 that he even boasted about and gamalia's
fl99ABqgB4Q-00053-00011247-00011487 prowess in the scriptures gamila's power
fl99ABqgB4Q-00054-00011488-00011646 in in terms of interpreting
fl99ABqgB4Q-00055-00011647-00011903 a theology was so profound that the
fl99ABqgB4Q-00056-00011904-00012078 united apostles they even had to
fl99ABqgB4Q-00057-00012079-00012270 refer to him and he had to be a source
fl99ABqgB4Q-00058-00012271-00012423 to speak and
fl99ABqgB4Q-00059-00012424-00012687 it acquired uh almost everything that is
fl99ABqgB4Q-00060-00012688-00012799 a persecution against
fl99ABqgB4Q-00061-00012800-00013151 the the the christians but
fl99ABqgB4Q-00062-00013152-00013438 saul at that time who later became poor
fl99ABqgB4Q-00063-00013440-00013583 you know he was
fl99ABqgB4Q-00064-00013584-00013903 he was so um filled with
fl99ABqgB4Q-00065-00013904-00014111 with his with his importance and he was
fl99ABqgB4Q-00066-00014112-00014327 so filled with the things that he knew
fl99ABqgB4Q-00067-00014328-00014551 you know there's something that and
fl99ABqgB4Q-00068-00014552-00014719 because he knew so much
fl99ABqgB4Q-00069-00014719-00014975 yet he knew the law he knew the torah he
fl99ABqgB4Q-00070-00014976-00015079 knew everything
fl99ABqgB4Q-00071-00015080-00015319 i mean i mean he was well learned and
fl99ABqgB4Q-00072-00015319-00015422 and then
fl99ABqgB4Q-00073-00015423-00015622 using the knowledge that he had he
fl99ABqgB4Q-00074-00015623-00015750 thought that the christians
fl99ABqgB4Q-00075-00015751-00015958 who were the new were all wrong they
fl99ABqgB4Q-00076-00015959-00016079 were wrong theologically
fl99ABqgB4Q-00077-00016080-00016399 there were zealots they were um
fl99ABqgB4Q-00078-00016400-00016647 anathema maranatha there were all sorts
fl99ABqgB4Q-00079-00016648-00016750 of things they were
fl99ABqgB4Q-00080-00016751-00016919 there were people who needed not to be
fl99ABqgB4Q-00081-00016920-00017127 tolerated and they had to be
fl99ABqgB4Q-00082-00017128-00017294 removed from the face of the earth in
fl99ABqgB4Q-00083-00017295-00017486 actual fact he was the one who
fl99ABqgB4Q-00084-00017487-00017583 supervised
fl99ABqgB4Q-00085-00017584-00017894 the stoning of stephen
fl99ABqgB4Q-00086-00017895-00018207 saw and then emboldened by the fact that
fl99ABqgB4Q-00087-00018208-00018447 stephen had been stoned and people were
fl99ABqgB4Q-00088-00018448-00018527 happy
fl99ABqgB4Q-00089-00018528-00018791 he began he mounted a horse on his way
fl99ABqgB4Q-00090-00018792-00018935 to damascus
fl99ABqgB4Q-00091-00018936-00019158 on his way to damascus and he was riding
fl99ABqgB4Q-00092-00019159-00019255 that horse
fl99ABqgB4Q-00093-00019256-00019494 and you know he was riding a zeal he was
fl99ABqgB4Q-00094-00019495-00019647 riding a horse of zeal
fl99ABqgB4Q-00095-00019648-00019863 that i need to remove he got letters
fl99ABqgB4Q-00096-00019864-00019983 that empowered him
fl99ABqgB4Q-00097-00019984-00020191 to bring all those christians to jail
fl99ABqgB4Q-00098-00020192-00020350 and wipe them off the face
fl99ABqgB4Q-00099-00020351-00020614 of the earth and all because he was
fl99ABqgB4Q-00100-00020615-00020839 schooled in the old he was a scholar
fl99ABqgB4Q-00101-00020840-00021119 of the old he could not tolerate i mean
fl99ABqgB4Q-00102-00021120-00021263 the new that was coming
fl99ABqgB4Q-00103-00021264-00021494 and so he began to ride his high horse
fl99ABqgB4Q-00104-00021495-00021671 it was a horse of pride
fl99ABqgB4Q-00105-00021672-00021919 it was a horse of accomplishment it was
fl99ABqgB4Q-00106-00021920-00022111 all that he thought well yeah this is so
fl99ABqgB4Q-00107-00022112-00022263 coming so you can imagine
fl99ABqgB4Q-00108-00022264-00022567 so then do you know what god did
fl99ABqgB4Q-00109-00022568-00022894 on the road to damascus he came crashing
fl99ABqgB4Q-00110-00022895-00023039 down
fl99ABqgB4Q-00111-00023040-00023222 a light shone from heaven and he came
fl99ABqgB4Q-00112-00023223-00023455 crashing down
fl99ABqgB4Q-00113-00023456-00023703 when he came crashing down when he got
fl99ABqgB4Q-00114-00023704-00023886 off his high horse
fl99ABqgB4Q-00115-00023887-00024191 and that was when for the first time he
fl99ABqgB4Q-00116-00024192-00024327 said
fl99ABqgB4Q-00117-00024328-00024839 my lord
fl99ABqgB4Q-00118-00024840-00025175 he was riding a horse of pride
fl99ABqgB4Q-00119-00025176-00025550 in his in his letters yet that had shut
fl99ABqgB4Q-00120-00025551-00025678 out
fl99ABqgB4Q-00121-00025679-00025950 what was doing in his in his ignorance
fl99ABqgB4Q-00122-00025951-00026102 he thought he was learning
fl99ABqgB4Q-00123-00026104-00026439 it was ignorance he was really ignorant
fl99ABqgB4Q-00124-00026439-00026799 he was also riding a horse of prejudice
fl99ABqgB4Q-00125-00026800-00027062 so he was riding a house of pride he was
fl99ABqgB4Q-00126-00027063-00027255 riding a horse of ignorance
fl99ABqgB4Q-00127-00027256-00027567 he was riding in the house of prejudice
fl99ABqgB4Q-00128-00027568-00027846 and he was you know he he had cocooned
fl99ABqgB4Q-00129-00027847-00027967 himself
fl99ABqgB4Q-00130-00027968-00028223 in the knowledge that he had that he was
fl99ABqgB4Q-00131-00028224-00028423 not open for any other
fl99ABqgB4Q-00132-00028424-00028679 and his pride and his boost was in the
fl99ABqgB4Q-00133-00028680-00028846 fact that he knew
fl99ABqgB4Q-00134-00028847-00029183 and so he was riding that horse but god
fl99ABqgB4Q-00135-00029183-00029423 found a way to get him off his high
fl99ABqgB4Q-00136-00029424-00029535 horse
fl99ABqgB4Q-00137-00029536-00029695 and it was when god threw him off his
fl99ABqgB4Q-00138-00029695-00029951 high horse now listen to what god did
fl99ABqgB4Q-00139-00029952-00030287 god shut his eyes your eyes
fl99ABqgB4Q-00140-00030288-00030455 are your receptacle for receiving
fl99ABqgB4Q-00141-00030456-00030590 revelation
fl99ABqgB4Q-00142-00030591-00030895 what you see is what
fl99ABqgB4Q-00143-00030895-00031255 gives you revelation your eyes god shut
fl99ABqgB4Q-00144-00031256-00031318 the eyes
fl99ABqgB4Q-00145-00031319-00031462 because the eyes that he had was the
fl99ABqgB4Q-00146-00031463-00031695 eyes of the old and god said there is
fl99ABqgB4Q-00147-00031695-00031902 something i want to do with your life
fl99ABqgB4Q-00148-00031903-00032143 but i need to shut the old so that when
fl99ABqgB4Q-00149-00032144-00032343 i sent somebody to open
fl99ABqgB4Q-00150-00032344-00032558 an ambassador of the new caller nanas
fl99ABqgB4Q-00151-00032560-00032646 will come
fl99ABqgB4Q-00152-00032647-00032951 and open up your eyes so god shut his
fl99ABqgB4Q-00153-00032952-00033079 eyes to the old
fl99ABqgB4Q-00154-00033080-00033383 and made him open to the new but for me
fl99ABqgB4Q-00155-00033384-00033543 the most paramount thing
fl99ABqgB4Q-00156-00033544-00033846 how he was brought down
fl99ABqgB4Q-00157-00033847-00034055 you can be so proud you know sometimes
fl99ABqgB4Q-00158-00034056-00034327 the bible says knowledge prophethab
fl99ABqgB4Q-00159-00034328-00034559 and sometimes you think you know and you
fl99ABqgB4Q-00160-00034560-00034702 think you've reached
fl99ABqgB4Q-00161-00034703-00034871 and you think you don't need anybody
fl99ABqgB4Q-00162-00034872-00035079 else and you think you are high and
fl99ABqgB4Q-00163-00035080-00035151 mighty
fl99ABqgB4Q-00164-00035152-00035399 you believe you are an institution and
fl99ABqgB4Q-00165-00035400-00035495 you don't care
fl99ABqgB4Q-00166-00035496-00035767 about anybody else it is you you are too
fl99ABqgB4Q-00167-00035768-00035830 big
fl99ABqgB4Q-00168-00035831-00036071 for anybody else to speak to you you are
fl99ABqgB4Q-00169-00036072-00036183 too tall
fl99ABqgB4Q-00170-00036184-00036439 for anybody else to be above you you you
fl99ABqgB4Q-00171-00036440-00036559 too big headed
fl99ABqgB4Q-00172-00036560-00036855 you're a humpty dumpty sitting on a wall
fl99ABqgB4Q-00173-00036856-00036935 and time
fl99ABqgB4Q-00174-00036936-00037223 the clock is ticking tick tock tick tock
fl99ABqgB4Q-00175-00037224-00037335 tick tock
fl99ABqgB4Q-00176-00037336-00037727 with time god will find a way
fl99ABqgB4Q-00177-00037728-00038039 to let your horse crash god will find a
fl99ABqgB4Q-00178-00038040-00038318 way to remove you from the high seat
fl99ABqgB4Q-00179-00038319-00038623 and make you fall down
fl99ABqgB4Q-00180-00038624-00038799 and then for the very first time in your
fl99ABqgB4Q-00181-00038800-00038974 life you would acknowledge
fl99ABqgB4Q-00182-00038975-00039183 that there is somebody bigger there's
fl99ABqgB4Q-00183-00039184-00039343 somebody greater
fl99ABqgB4Q-00184-00039344-00039630 than you right now maybe you walk and
fl99ABqgB4Q-00185-00039631-00039774 think that hey
fl99ABqgB4Q-00186-00039775-00039959 who die you die you're bigger than
fl99ABqgB4Q-00187-00039960-00040167 everything you're bigger than everybody
fl99ABqgB4Q-00188-00040168-00040415 so proud in your accomplishment so proud
fl99ABqgB4Q-00189-00040416-00040551 in the things that you think
fl99ABqgB4Q-00190-00040552-00040783 you are so proud because of the applause
fl99ABqgB4Q-00191-00040784-00040855 of people
fl99ABqgB4Q-00192-00040856-00041279 or the appellations people give to you
fl99ABqgB4Q-00193-00041280-00041527 listen you better get off your high
fl99ABqgB4Q-00194-00041528-00041662 horse now
fl99ABqgB4Q-00195-00041663-00042007 because if you don't god will find a way
fl99ABqgB4Q-00196-00042008-00042262 to get you off your high horse something
fl99ABqgB4Q-00197-00042263-00042399 little
fl99ABqgB4Q-00198-00042400-00042687 something small god will trigger that
fl99ABqgB4Q-00199-00042688-00042767 thing
fl99ABqgB4Q-00200-00042768-00043039 and that can become a catalyst and for
fl99ABqgB4Q-00201-00043040-00043230 the first time you'll be handling things
fl99ABqgB4Q-00202-00043231-00043527 you can't control for the first time
fl99ABqgB4Q-00203-00043528-00043695 you'll be brought to your knees
fl99ABqgB4Q-00204-00043696-00043958 like nebuchadnezzar you need to fall on
fl99ABqgB4Q-00205-00043959-00044143 your knees and chew grass for seven
fl99ABqgB4Q-00206-00044144-00044246 years
fl99ABqgB4Q-00207-00044247-00044502 for you to know that you are nobody like
fl99ABqgB4Q-00208-00044503-00044630 pharaoh
fl99ABqgB4Q-00209-00044631-00044918 god is going to go he would do something
fl99ABqgB4Q-00210-00044919-00044999 that will bring you
fl99ABqgB4Q-00211-00045000-00045407 down god will crush your horse
fl99ABqgB4Q-00212-00045408-00045687 and god he's so loving there are things
fl99ABqgB4Q-00213-00045688-00045855 he wants to do with your life
fl99ABqgB4Q-00214-00045856-00046062 and your pomposity your pride your
fl99ABqgB4Q-00215-00046063-00046367 prejudice your arrogance
fl99ABqgB4Q-00216-00046368-00046558 becomes a stumbling block so he will
fl99ABqgB4Q-00217-00046559-00046686 find a way
fl99ABqgB4Q-00218-00046687-00046886 to bring you to your knees because there
fl99ABqgB4Q-00219-00046887-00047046 are fresh revelations
fl99ABqgB4Q-00220-00047047-00047262 he wants to give to you there are fresh
fl99ABqgB4Q-00221-00047263-00047446 things he wants to give to you
fl99ABqgB4Q-00222-00047447-00047711 sometimes god will use little things and
fl99ABqgB4Q-00223-00047712-00047911 you may try or attempt to control it but
fl99ABqgB4Q-00224-00047912-00048007 you can't
fl99ABqgB4Q-00225-00048008-00048207 you'll be on your knees when the chairs
fl99ABqgB4Q-00226-00048208-00048327 begin to flow
fl99ABqgB4Q-00227-00048328-00048630 then you lift up your eyes and says my
fl99ABqgB4Q-00228-00048631-00048790 god
fl99ABqgB4Q-00229-00048791-00049174 my lord humility peace
fl99ABqgB4Q-00230-00049175-00049495 bible says god resisted the proud
fl99ABqgB4Q-00231-00049496-00049783 and give a grace to the humble there is
fl99ABqgB4Q-00232-00049784-00049918 grace for the humble
fl99ABqgB4Q-00233-00049919-00050255 but there is resistance for the proud
fl99ABqgB4Q-00234-00050256-00050511 it is a choice you have to make get off
fl99ABqgB4Q-00235-00050512-00050695 your high horse now
fl99ABqgB4Q-00236-00050696-00051062 or god will find a way to get you off
fl99ABqgB4Q-00237-00051063-00051311 your high horse get off your high horse
fl99ABqgB4Q-00238-00051312-00051430 otherwise
fl99ABqgB4Q-00239-00051432-00051758 god is going to get you see you next
fl99ABqgB4Q-00240-00051759-00051807 time
fl99ABqgB4Q-00241-00051808-00052054 and god bless you as you step off your
fl99ABqgB4Q-00242-00052055-00053079 high horse
flrpqA2Y-H8-00000-00000091-00000932 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00001-00000933-00001016 [Applause]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00002-00001017-00001491 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00003-00001492-00001655 um
flrpqA2Y-H8-00004-00001655-00003679 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00005-00003679-00003911 hey guys what's up so it is a little bit
flrpqA2Y-H8-00006-00003911-00004095 later in the day as you just saw i went
flrpqA2Y-H8-00007-00004096-00004270 on a little bit of a hike but really i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00008-00004271-00004399 just wanted to talk about
flrpqA2Y-H8-00009-00004400-00004686 like why i'm making this vlog in the
flrpqA2Y-H8-00010-00004687-00004767 first place
flrpqA2Y-H8-00011-00004768-00005015 um so one like i was mentioning in my
flrpqA2Y-H8-00012-00005016-00005199 last video i honestly just make vlog
flrpqA2Y-H8-00013-00005200-00005383 like miss making vlogs in general but
flrpqA2Y-H8-00014-00005384-00005454 really
flrpqA2Y-H8-00015-00005455-00005679 i realized that like in my business and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00016-00005680-00005870 in so many other
flrpqA2Y-H8-00017-00005871-00006159 aspects of like what i'm doing i have
flrpqA2Y-H8-00018-00006160-00006206 been
flrpqA2Y-H8-00019-00006207-00006406 like doubting my worthiness and what i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00020-00006408-00006527 talk about so much
flrpqA2Y-H8-00021-00006528-00006759 is self-worth i'm obviously a self-worth
flrpqA2Y-H8-00022-00006759-00006870 coach and so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00023-00006872-00007151 this is like a huge part of my life and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00024-00007152-00007319 the things that i think about and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00025-00007320-00007470 i would get so frustrated with myself
flrpqA2Y-H8-00026-00007472-00007639 when i wasn't being productive
flrpqA2Y-H8-00027-00007640-00007895 or i would just get really like burnt
flrpqA2Y-H8-00028-00007895-00008055 out all the time
flrpqA2Y-H8-00029-00008056-00008263 and i would constantly just like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00030-00008264-00008367 question myself
flrpqA2Y-H8-00031-00008368-00008663 or feel like you know i had to do things
flrpqA2Y-H8-00032-00008664-00008846 to be worthy or i had to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00033-00008847-00009039 be a certain way or i had to present
flrpqA2Y-H8-00034-00009040-00009151 more professionally
flrpqA2Y-H8-00035-00009152-00009303 or you know there were just all these
flrpqA2Y-H8-00036-00009304-00009535 changes that i had to make to like make
flrpqA2Y-H8-00037-00009536-00009623 myself
flrpqA2Y-H8-00038-00009624-00009878 you know worthy or acceptable i've been
flrpqA2Y-H8-00039-00009879-00010087 making a really intentional choice to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00040-00010088-00010191 just
flrpqA2Y-H8-00041-00010192-00010367 keep telling myself that like no matter
flrpqA2Y-H8-00042-00010368-00010567 what i'm doing i'm still enough and i'm
flrpqA2Y-H8-00043-00010568-00010678 still worthy
flrpqA2Y-H8-00044-00010679-00010919 and that has honestly been life-changing
flrpqA2Y-H8-00045-00010920-00011127 especially in like the youtube space and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00046-00011128-00011335 with vlogs and stuff i always
flrpqA2Y-H8-00047-00011336-00011503 am questioning whether i'm doing the
flrpqA2Y-H8-00048-00011504-00011670 right thing or whether i'm
flrpqA2Y-H8-00049-00011671-00011823 you know showing enough or whether i'm
flrpqA2Y-H8-00050-00011824-00012038 too boring and i just want to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00051-00012039-00012270 like put all of those like worries and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00052-00012271-00012478 thoughts aside and just make this vlog
flrpqA2Y-H8-00053-00012479-00012559 so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00054-00012560-00012863 um really i'm kind of making this for
flrpqA2Y-H8-00055-00012863-00012919 myself
flrpqA2Y-H8-00056-00012919-00013222 as like an exercise in just vlogging
flrpqA2Y-H8-00057-00013223-00013343 what i do
flrpqA2Y-H8-00058-00013344-00013630 on like a regular sunday and not judging
flrpqA2Y-H8-00059-00013631-00013735 it and that
flrpqA2Y-H8-00060-00013736-00013951 i can make a good piece of content just
flrpqA2Y-H8-00061-00013952-00014086 by being myself
flrpqA2Y-H8-00062-00014087-00014335 and sharing like a normal day in my life
flrpqA2Y-H8-00063-00014336-00014407 i guess so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00064-00014408-00014551 i'm gonna make some coffee and let's get
flrpqA2Y-H8-00065-00014552-00015715 into it
flrpqA2Y-H8-00066-00015716-00016579 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00067-00016580-00018283 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00068-00018284-00018431 so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00069-00018432-00019358 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00070-00019359-00019558 reading was something that i absolutely
flrpqA2Y-H8-00071-00019559-00019839 loved doing as a child but over time was
flrpqA2Y-H8-00072-00019840-00020094 something that i began to fall away from
flrpqA2Y-H8-00073-00020095-00020303 over time i really stopped reading
flrpqA2Y-H8-00074-00020304-00020494 fiction books altogether and now it's
flrpqA2Y-H8-00075-00020495-00020678 something that i've rediscovered and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00076-00020679-00020894 it's become one of my favorite self-love
flrpqA2Y-H8-00077-00020895-00021078 activities
flrpqA2Y-H8-00078-00021079-00021278 if you're looking for a new hobby or
flrpqA2Y-H8-00079-00021279-00021503 feeling kind of bored or restless
flrpqA2Y-H8-00080-00021504-00021719 ask yourself what it was that you loved
flrpqA2Y-H8-00081-00021720-00021830 doing in childhood
flrpqA2Y-H8-00082-00021831-00022014 and returned back to that i promise
flrpqA2Y-H8-00083-00022015-00022158 there's a part of you that's still in
flrpqA2Y-H8-00084-00022159-00022637 love with that activity
flrpqA2Y-H8-00085-00022638-00023040 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00086-00023041-00023653 [Applause]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00088-00026760-00026983 a couple hours later i decided i wanted
flrpqA2Y-H8-00089-00026983-00027246 to meditate and get some journaling done
flrpqA2Y-H8-00090-00027247-00027479 and while i normally enjoy doing this
flrpqA2Y-H8-00091-00027480-00027679 outside it was still about 90 degrees
flrpqA2Y-H8-00092-00027680-00027831 out and it was just a little too
flrpqA2Y-H8-00093-00027832-00028183 hot so i decided to do it inside but a
flrpqA2Y-H8-00094-00028183-00028399 huge tip that i have if you don't have a
flrpqA2Y-H8-00095-00028400-00028614 dedicated space where you meditate
flrpqA2Y-H8-00096-00028616-00028711 indoors
flrpqA2Y-H8-00097-00028712-00028887 is actually to just clean up a little
flrpqA2Y-H8-00098-00028888-00029039 bit so i clean
flrpqA2Y-H8-00099-00029039-00029262 sometimes i light a candle or put some
flrpqA2Y-H8-00100-00029263-00029462 oils in my diffuser and i really just
flrpqA2Y-H8-00101-00029463-00029614 kind of set a relaxing
flrpqA2Y-H8-00102-00029616-00029814 atmosphere because the last thing that i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00103-00029816-00029974 want to do is
flrpqA2Y-H8-00104-00029975-00030158 look at piles of clothes in the corner
flrpqA2Y-H8-00105-00030160-00030367 when i'm trying to meditate and relax
flrpqA2Y-H8-00106-00030368-00030639 so just a tip for you since so many of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00107-00030639-00030831 us are stuck at home just having a clean
flrpqA2Y-H8-00108-00030832-00031139 space helps so much
flrpqA2Y-H8-00109-00031139-00031567 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00110-00031568-00031758 i have my phone in front of me so i can
flrpqA2Y-H8-00111-00031760-00031967 play a sound bath or some other sort of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00112-00031968-00032127 meditative music
flrpqA2Y-H8-00113-00032127-00032399 and then i just go ahead and meditate so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00114-00032400-00032590 occasionally i'll listen to a guided
flrpqA2Y-H8-00115-00032591-00032879 meditation but lately i've been loving
flrpqA2Y-H8-00116-00032880-00033095 just leading my own meditations having
flrpqA2Y-H8-00117-00033096-00033335 my own visualizations and just
flrpqA2Y-H8-00118-00033336-00033551 kind of connecting to my meditative
flrpqA2Y-H8-00119-00033552-00033718 practice intuitively
flrpqA2Y-H8-00120-00033719-00033999 then i'll go ahead and do a journaling
flrpqA2Y-H8-00121-00034000-00034143 session so i'll write down
flrpqA2Y-H8-00122-00034144-00034407 anything that has been on my mind just
flrpqA2Y-H8-00123-00034408-00034583 kind of where i'm at and what i'm
flrpqA2Y-H8-00124-00034584-00034718 feeling and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00125-00034719-00035015 anything i wanted to talk about or think
flrpqA2Y-H8-00126-00035016-00035135 about
flrpqA2Y-H8-00127-00035136-00035374 and after that i'll go ahead and reach
flrpqA2Y-H8-00128-00035375-00035590 for my tarot deck so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00129-00035591-00035799 sometimes in my journaling a question
flrpqA2Y-H8-00130-00035800-00035943 will come up or something
flrpqA2Y-H8-00131-00035944-00036174 that i want to work on or learn more
flrpqA2Y-H8-00132-00036175-00036351 about and that's the question that i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00133-00036352-00036502 will ask the deck
flrpqA2Y-H8-00134-00036503-00036695 from there i'll just continue to shuffle
flrpqA2Y-H8-00135-00036696-00036871 until some cards fall out or
flrpqA2Y-H8-00136-00036872-00037230 until i feel called to cut the deck and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00137-00037231-00037583 depending on that i will intuitively
flrpqA2Y-H8-00138-00037584-00037823 decide and journal upon what that
flrpqA2Y-H8-00139-00037824-00038071 message means for me and my life
flrpqA2Y-H8-00140-00038072-00038311 um and occasionally if i'm really stuck
flrpqA2Y-H8-00141-00038312-00038487 sometimes i will look through
flrpqA2Y-H8-00142-00038488-00038743 my guidebook that comes with my tarot
flrpqA2Y-H8-00143-00038744-00038839 cards or
flrpqA2Y-H8-00144-00038840-00039062 sometimes even look up the message
flrpqA2Y-H8-00145-00039063-00039271 online but i try to do that very very
flrpqA2Y-H8-00146-00039272-00039479 rarely and only if i'm
flrpqA2Y-H8-00147-00039480-00039783 completely stuck i will make another
flrpqA2Y-H8-00148-00039784-00039871 video on
flrpqA2Y-H8-00149-00039872-00040159 more details of my tarot and meditation
flrpqA2Y-H8-00150-00040160-00040343 practice so leave me a comment if you're
flrpqA2Y-H8-00151-00040344-00040855 interested in that below
flrpqA2Y-H8-00152-00040856-00041118 so i am probably gonna eat dinner and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00153-00041119-00041239 i'm not really sure
flrpqA2Y-H8-00154-00041240-00041374 if i'm gonna be up to anything
flrpqA2Y-H8-00155-00041375-00041574 interesting for most of the day
flrpqA2Y-H8-00156-00041575-00041799 but um something that i did kind of want
flrpqA2Y-H8-00157-00041800-00041895 to talk about is
flrpqA2Y-H8-00158-00041896-00042246 actually how good candide is so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00159-00042247-00042423 i'm about halfway through like i said
flrpqA2Y-H8-00160-00042424-00042639 before and i usually
flrpqA2Y-H8-00161-00042640-00043015 don't um i usually don't
flrpqA2Y-H8-00162-00043016-00043190 go back and like read a lot of classics
flrpqA2Y-H8-00163-00043191-00043455 especially because
flrpqA2Y-H8-00164-00043456-00043743 like with american classics like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00165-00043744-00043927 sometimes like the authors have like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00166-00043928-00044167 racist past or it deals with topics like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00167-00044168-00044246 that and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00168-00044247-00044487 obviously i'm like willing to like read
flrpqA2Y-H8-00169-00044488-00044615 about
flrpqA2Y-H8-00170-00044616-00044967 race in like a progressive way or like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00171-00044968-00045095 an informative way
flrpqA2Y-H8-00172-00045096-00045295 um and it's okay to read things that are
flrpqA2Y-H8-00173-00045296-00045407 like negative
flrpqA2Y-H8-00174-00045408-00045751 if they're accurate but at the same time
flrpqA2Y-H8-00175-00045752-00045807 like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00176-00045808-00045990 when it comes to classics or novels or
flrpqA2Y-H8-00177-00045991-00046174 stories like this i don't necessarily
flrpqA2Y-H8-00178-00046175-00046335 want to get my head
flrpqA2Y-H8-00179-00046336-00046511 back into that kind of perspective i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00180-00046512-00046751 guess but with candide it was written
flrpqA2Y-H8-00181-00046752-00047015 i'm pretty sure in like the 1700s i'm
flrpqA2Y-H8-00182-00047016-00047118 not sure
flrpqA2Y-H8-00183-00047119-00047518 okay he wrote this he wrote this in 1759
flrpqA2Y-H8-00184-00047519-00047799 so it's honestly crazy that it was
flrpqA2Y-H8-00185-00047800-00047839 written
flrpqA2Y-H8-00186-00047840-00048158 so long ago the reason that i even bring
flrpqA2Y-H8-00187-00048159-00048351 it up is that it was
flrpqA2Y-H8-00188-00048352-00048615 surprisingly poignant of a read like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00189-00048616-00048743 with
flrpqA2Y-H8-00190-00048744-00048886 everything going on right now we're
flrpqA2Y-H8-00191-00048887-00049086 obviously in a pandemic we're obviously
flrpqA2Y-H8-00192-00049087-00049318 in basically a civil rights movement
flrpqA2Y-H8-00193-00049319-00049430 right and so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00194-00049431-00049695 with all of that so much of the topics
flrpqA2Y-H8-00195-00049696-00049871 and the content in candide is super
flrpqA2Y-H8-00196-00049872-00049958 similar like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00197-00049959-00050151 he actually kind of wrote this it's not
flrpqA2Y-H8-00198-00050152-00050295 really like a complete
flrpqA2Y-H8-00199-00050296-00050662 novel it's more of like um
flrpqA2Y-H8-00200-00050663-00050855 kind of like a philosophical word and he
flrpqA2Y-H8-00201-00050856-00051127 mainly was addressing the philosophy of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00202-00051128-00051254 optimism
flrpqA2Y-H8-00203-00051255-00051494 and it kind of mixes in the idea that
flrpqA2Y-H8-00204-00051495-00051558 everything
flrpqA2Y-H8-00205-00051559-00051846 happens for a reason with the idea that
flrpqA2Y-H8-00206-00051847-00052046 everything's working out for
flrpqA2Y-H8-00207-00052047-00052287 like according to god's supreme reason
flrpqA2Y-H8-00208-00052288-00052463 and obviously this was a time that like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00209-00052464-00052647 religion and philosophy were really big
flrpqA2Y-H8-00210-00052648-00052838 and there was a lot of groundbreaking
flrpqA2Y-H8-00211-00052839-00053087 thoughts coming out in the church and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00212-00053088-00053287 you know through philosophy as well and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00213-00053288-00053350 so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00214-00053351-00053535 um this was something that faultier was
flrpqA2Y-H8-00215-00053536-00053694 actually kind of responding to and it's
flrpqA2Y-H8-00216-00053695-00053823 interesting because
flrpqA2Y-H8-00217-00053824-00054126 he kind of introduces like the idea of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00218-00054127-00054303 optimism coming from this kind of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00219-00054304-00054503 philosophical type of character
flrpqA2Y-H8-00220-00054504-00054703 this like philosophy teacher type of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00221-00054704-00054830 character but then
flrpqA2Y-H8-00222-00054832-00055038 through the absurdity of what's going on
flrpqA2Y-H8-00223-00055039-00055223 in the world there's you know warts
flrpqA2Y-H8-00224-00055224-00055271 there's
flrpqA2Y-H8-00225-00055272-00055566 death there's all kinds of like terrible
flrpqA2Y-H8-00226-00055567-00055711 atrocities and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00227-00055712-00055935 this is happening for a reason and this
flrpqA2Y-H8-00228-00055936-00056103 is according to god's plan
flrpqA2Y-H8-00229-00056104-00056399 and blah blah blah and i think that it's
flrpqA2Y-H8-00230-00056400-00056566 just so interesting because that's where
flrpqA2Y-H8-00231-00056567-00056766 my mind constantly is too right it's
flrpqA2Y-H8-00232-00056767-00056887 like always between
flrpqA2Y-H8-00233-00056888-00057166 this idea of like things happen for a
flrpqA2Y-H8-00234-00057167-00057238 reason
flrpqA2Y-H8-00235-00057239-00057479 and you know everything will work out
flrpqA2Y-H8-00236-00057479-00057654 with the side of like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00237-00057655-00057911 when is it becoming toxic positivity and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00238-00057912-00057982 when are we just
flrpqA2Y-H8-00239-00057983-00058319 ignoring things especially now with all
flrpqA2Y-H8-00240-00058320-00058494 the bad things happening in the world
flrpqA2Y-H8-00241-00058495-00058575 it's like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00242-00058576-00058750 whether you're looking at celebrities
flrpqA2Y-H8-00243-00058751-00058887 whether you're looking at politics
flrpqA2Y-H8-00244-00058888-00059047 whether you're looking at the economy
flrpqA2Y-H8-00245-00059048-00059350 like in every single arena of life
flrpqA2Y-H8-00246-00059351-00059526 like the fact that it's even an election
flrpqA2Y-H8-00247-00059527-00059807 year like there's just so much going on
flrpqA2Y-H8-00248-00059808-00060119 and so much happening and that's kind of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00249-00060120-00060223 what's illustrated
flrpqA2Y-H8-00250-00060224-00060535 in this book it's like that there's
flrpqA2Y-H8-00251-00060536-00060711 good things and there's so many bad
flrpqA2Y-H8-00252-00060712-00060887 things and how can we
flrpqA2Y-H8-00253-00060888-00061159 continue to stay positive and optimistic
flrpqA2Y-H8-00254-00061160-00061206 without
flrpqA2Y-H8-00255-00061207-00061423 addressing these issues that are going
flrpqA2Y-H8-00256-00061424-00061606 on like we can't just put blinders on
flrpqA2Y-H8-00257-00061607-00061791 and say that everything's gonna be okay
flrpqA2Y-H8-00258-00061791-00061935 like we have to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00259-00061936-00062094 you know realize at some point that we
flrpqA2Y-H8-00260-00062095-00062254 need to address what's going on around
flrpqA2Y-H8-00261-00062255-00062438 us and maybe is there some way that we
flrpqA2Y-H8-00262-00062439-00062494 can
flrpqA2Y-H8-00263-00062495-00062726 take control of that and i'm interested
flrpqA2Y-H8-00264-00062727-00062879 to know like what you
flrpqA2Y-H8-00265-00062879-00063038 guys think i know people are talking a
flrpqA2Y-H8-00266-00063039-00063206 lot more about toxic positivity
flrpqA2Y-H8-00267-00063207-00063406 some of you might have also read my um
flrpqA2Y-H8-00268-00063407-00063575 article on medium about
flrpqA2Y-H8-00269-00063576-00063806 you know just appropriation and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00270-00063807-00063894 bypassing
flrpqA2Y-H8-00271-00063895-00064135 in in the self-help world so what's your
flrpqA2Y-H8-00272-00064136-00064319 opinion on this kind of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00273-00064320-00064535 intersection and are you more on the
flrpqA2Y-H8-00274-00064536-00064719 side of just always be positive no
flrpqA2Y-H8-00275-00064720-00064894 matter what do you even believe that
flrpqA2Y-H8-00276-00064895-00065094 toxic positivity is a thing
flrpqA2Y-H8-00277-00065095-00065326 i'm really curious to kind of know like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00278-00065327-00065519 where everyone is and like where people
flrpqA2Y-H8-00279-00065520-00065703 in my audience see themselves
flrpqA2Y-H8-00280-00065704-00065879 anyways i'll keep you updated with the
flrpqA2Y-H8-00281-00065880-00066071 rest of the day but i just kind of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00282-00066072-00066150 wanted to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00283-00066151-00066471 um check in in case i don't do anything
flrpqA2Y-H8-00284-00066472-00066638 too much more interesting for the rest
flrpqA2Y-H8-00285-00066639-00066782 of the day but um
flrpqA2Y-H8-00286-00066783-00067143 i will see you guys soon and i will let
flrpqA2Y-H8-00287-00067144-00067255 you know if anything
flrpqA2Y-H8-00288-00067256-00069791 interesting happens bye
flrpqA2Y-H8-00289-00069792-00070560 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00290-00070561-00071482 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00291-00071483-00073243 so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00292-00073244-00074282 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00293-00074283-00074540 so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00294-00074541-00077335 [Music]
flrpqA2Y-H8-00295-00077336-00077606 what's up guys so it is like 10 10 i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00296-00077607-00077806 have no business being as tired as i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00297-00077807-00078094 honestly am but um i am really just
flrpqA2Y-H8-00298-00078095-00078231 about to like make myself
flrpqA2Y-H8-00299-00078232-00078550 a sandwich a little snack and um
flrpqA2Y-H8-00300-00078551-00078767 just do my skincare routine and kind of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00301-00078768-00078950 just start winding down for the night
flrpqA2Y-H8-00302-00078951-00079199 and get to sleep soon for another early
flrpqA2Y-H8-00303-00079200-00079311 morning tomorrow but
flrpqA2Y-H8-00304-00079312-00079567 really i just kind of wanted to like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00305-00079568-00079759 wind down this vlog by saying
flrpqA2Y-H8-00306-00079760-00080055 like a i'm just proud of myself for
flrpqA2Y-H8-00307-00080056-00080199 doing this but b
flrpqA2Y-H8-00308-00080200-00080447 the reasons that i was so doubtful of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00309-00080448-00080582 myself was that
flrpqA2Y-H8-00310-00080583-00080855 i felt like you know my apartment isn't
flrpqA2Y-H8-00311-00080856-00081006 cute enough or
flrpqA2Y-H8-00312-00081007-00081199 i'm not pretty enough on like a regular
flrpqA2Y-H8-00313-00081200-00081382 day or i don't do enough
flrpqA2Y-H8-00314-00081383-00081591 interesting things and especially with
flrpqA2Y-H8-00315-00081592-00081759 quarantine i really started to judge
flrpqA2Y-H8-00316-00081760-00081847 myself
flrpqA2Y-H8-00317-00081848-00082118 and like some people are like going out
flrpqA2Y-H8-00318-00082119-00082206 and having like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00319-00082207-00082415 these great adventures or starting to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00320-00082416-00082559 travel and are doing things and i'm
flrpqA2Y-H8-00321-00082560-00082718 really just still staying at home as
flrpqA2Y-H8-00322-00082719-00082799 much as possible
flrpqA2Y-H8-00323-00082800-00083015 and i feel like that's the best thing to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00324-00083016-00083126 do especially where i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00325-00083127-00083575 am but i just kind of
flrpqA2Y-H8-00326-00083576-00083759 felt like i always had to perform so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00327-00083760-00083935 much for my vlogs like i always had to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00328-00083936-00084031 exaggerate
flrpqA2Y-H8-00329-00084032-00084199 how good my life was even though i feel
flrpqA2Y-H8-00330-00084200-00084391 like i really was honest in all my vlogs
flrpqA2Y-H8-00331-00084392-00084471 and i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00332-00084472-00084631 but it was more like the little things
flrpqA2Y-H8-00333-00084632-00084831 it was more like oh i have to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00334-00084832-00085047 make this area as aesthetic as possible
flrpqA2Y-H8-00335-00085048-00085231 or i have to like set things up a
flrpqA2Y-H8-00336-00085232-00085406 certain way or i have to plan my day and
flrpqA2Y-H8-00337-00085407-00085526 the things i do
flrpqA2Y-H8-00338-00085527-00085726 around like you know the most exciting
flrpqA2Y-H8-00339-00085727-00085894 day that i have this week or
flrpqA2Y-H8-00340-00085895-00086023 you know just little things like that
flrpqA2Y-H8-00341-00086024-00086215 and i was wanting to make the point to
flrpqA2Y-H8-00342-00086216-00086287 myself
flrpqA2Y-H8-00343-00086288-00086582 that i can still you know make content
flrpqA2Y-H8-00344-00086583-00086750 or i can still be
flrpqA2Y-H8-00345-00086751-00086967 like an interesting person even on my
flrpqA2Y-H8-00346-00086968-00087159 regular days and i think part of this is
flrpqA2Y-H8-00347-00087160-00087343 like an exercise in making content but
flrpqA2Y-H8-00348-00087344-00087526 part of it is also just like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00349-00087527-00087743 a challenge in personal growth i guess
flrpqA2Y-H8-00350-00087744-00087950 like for me to really
flrpqA2Y-H8-00351-00087951-00088335 remind myself that like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00352-00088336-00088631 it's okay to just be boring and it's
flrpqA2Y-H8-00353-00088632-00088823 okay to just be a regular person like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00354-00088824-00089055 that's what i value and love in vlogs so
flrpqA2Y-H8-00355-00089056-00089087 much
flrpqA2Y-H8-00356-00089088-00089247 is just being able to like feel like i'm
flrpqA2Y-H8-00357-00089248-00089382 hanging out with another person or feel
flrpqA2Y-H8-00358-00089383-00089503 like i have like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00359-00089504-00089806 a day in their life you know and i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00360-00089807-00090006 just wasn't able to like see the value
flrpqA2Y-H8-00361-00090007-00090150 in my life though like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00362-00090151-00090391 even where i live or like i live in like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00363-00090392-00090575 such a beautiful place but like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00364-00090576-00090806 even little things i just felt like i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00365-00090807-00090879 you know
flrpqA2Y-H8-00366-00090880-00091079 don't have like a luxury apartment or i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00367-00091080-00091199 don't have like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00368-00091200-00091350 all these certain things or like my
flrpqA2Y-H8-00369-00091351-00091526 entire apartment isn't like
flrpqA2Y-H8-00370-00091527-00091694 sparkling and white with like a million
flrpqA2Y-H8-00371-00091695-00091871 plants like dumb little things like that
flrpqA2Y-H8-00372-00091872-00092038 would make me feel like i wasn't like a
flrpqA2Y-H8-00373-00092039-00092182 real youtuber or
flrpqA2Y-H8-00374-00092183-00092455 i wasn't a real content creator um and i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00375-00092456-00092599 just needed to get out of my own
flrpqA2Y-H8-00376-00092600-00092918 head so thank you for watching and thank
flrpqA2Y-H8-00377-00092919-00093055 you for hanging out with me
flrpqA2Y-H8-00378-00093056-00093399 on just this kind of cozy summer
flrpqA2Y-H8-00379-00093400-00093782 day um i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00380-00093783-00093967 don't really know what else to say i
flrpqA2Y-H8-00381-00093968-00094167 don't know i mean yeah thank you so much
flrpqA2Y-H8-00382-00094168-00094238 for
flrpqA2Y-H8-00383-00094239-00094631 hanging out with me and um
flrpqA2Y-H8-00384-00094632-00095463 i'll see you next week happy healing
fluGu5daZcY-00000-00000050-00000343 radical behaviorism was pioneered by BF
fluGu5daZcY-00001-00000344-00000578 Skinner and as his philosophy of the
fluGu5daZcY-00002-00000579-00000850 science of behavior it refers to the
fluGu5daZcY-00003-00000851-00001082 philosophy behind behavior analysis and
fluGu5daZcY-00004-00001083-00001195 is to be distinguished from
fluGu5daZcY-00005-00001196-00001472 methodological behaviorism which has an
fluGu5daZcY-00006-00001473-00001688 intense emphasis on observable behaviors
fluGu5daZcY-00007-00001689-00001942 by its inclusion of thinking feeling and
fluGu5daZcY-00008-00001943-00002152 other private events in the analysis of
fluGu5daZcY-00009-00002153-00002443 human and animal psychology the research
fluGu5daZcY-00010-00002444-00002635 and behavior analysis has called the
fluGu5daZcY-00011-00002636-00002858 experimental analysis of behavior and
fluGu5daZcY-00012-00002859-00003025 the application of this field is called
fluGu5daZcY-00013-00003026-00003211 applied behavior analysis
fluGu5daZcY-00014-00003213-00003377 Abha which was originally termed
fluGu5daZcY-00015-00003378-00003893 behavior modification
fluGu5daZcY-00016-00003894-00004202 topic radical behaviorism as natural
fluGu5daZcY-00017-00004203-00004809 science radical behaviorism inherits
fluGu5daZcY-00018-00004810-00005000 from behaviorism the position that the
fluGu5daZcY-00019-00005001-00005222 science of behavior as a natural science
fluGu5daZcY-00020-00005223-00005420 a belief that animal behavior can be
fluGu5daZcY-00021-00005421-00005613 studied profitably and compared with
fluGu5daZcY-00022-00005614-00005825 human behavior a strong emphasis on the
fluGu5daZcY-00023-00005826-00006045 environment is cause of behavior and an
fluGu5daZcY-00024-00006046-00006242 emphasis on the operations involved in
fluGu5daZcY-00025-00006243-00006513 the modification of behavior radical
fluGu5daZcY-00026-00006514-00006656 behaviorism does not claim that
fluGu5daZcY-00027-00006658-00006902 organisms are tabula rasa whose behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00028-00006903-00007104 is unaffected by biological or genetic
fluGu5daZcY-00029-00007105-00007434 endowment rather it simply asserts that
fluGu5daZcY-00030-00007434-00007634 experiential factors play a major role
fluGu5daZcY-00031-00007636-00007830 in determining the behavior of many
fluGu5daZcY-00032-00007831-00008039 complex organisms and that the study of
fluGu5daZcY-00033-00008040-00008210 these matters as a major field of
fluGu5daZcY-00034-00008211-00008469 research in its own right the most
fluGu5daZcY-00035-00008470-00008649 precise way to describe radical
fluGu5daZcY-00036-00008650-00008982 behaviorism as radical is to understand
fluGu5daZcY-00037-00008983-00009177 that instances such as evolution and
fluGu5daZcY-00038-00009178-00009366 cell division are occurrences that just
fluGu5daZcY-00039-00009367-00009609 happen there is no third party that
fluGu5daZcY-00040-00009610-00009807 assists in this transformation they can
fluGu5daZcY-00041-00009808-00010008 however be explained by other naturally
fluGu5daZcY-00042-00010009-00010244 occurring events they should not try to
fluGu5daZcY-00043-00010245-00010416 be explained through objects that are
fluGu5daZcY-00044-00010417-00010652 not tangible ie ghosts or inner entities
fluGu5daZcY-00045-00010653-00010913 we therefore conclude that natural
fluGu5daZcY-00046-00010914-00011088 occurring events may be examined in
fluGu5daZcY-00047-00011089-00011234 relation to our past and present
fluGu5daZcY-00048-00011235-00011412 environments through the effect they
fluGu5daZcY-00049-00011413-00011861 have on human beings
fluGu5daZcY-00050-00011862-00012192 topic common misunderstandings
fluGu5daZcY-00051-00012193-00012369 you
fluGu5daZcY-00052-00012370-00012585 although there are many criticisms of
fluGu5daZcY-00053-00012586-00012780 Skinner's work many textbooks and
fluGu5daZcY-00054-00012781-00012969 theorists like Noam Chomsky labels
fluGu5daZcY-00055-00012969-00013221 Canarian or radical behaviorism as SR
fluGu5daZcY-00056-00013222-00013358 stimulus-response
fluGu5daZcY-00057-00013359-00013638 or to use Skinner's term respondent or
fluGu5daZcY-00058-00013638-00013880 Pavlovian psychology and argue that this
fluGu5daZcY-00059-00013881-00014030 limits the approach although
fluGu5daZcY-00060-00014031-00014294 contemporary psychology rejects many of
fluGu5daZcY-00061-00014295-00014483 Skinner's conclusions his work into
fluGu5daZcY-00062-00014484-00014655 operant conditioning which emphasizes
fluGu5daZcY-00063-00014656-00014850 the importance of consequences in
fluGu5daZcY-00064-00014851-00015063 modifying discriminative responses is
fluGu5daZcY-00065-00015063-00015219 useful when combined with current
fluGu5daZcY-00066-00015219-00015390 understandings about the uniqueness of
fluGu5daZcY-00067-00015391-00015635 evolved human thought over other animals
fluGu5daZcY-00068-00015636-00015918 many textbooks argue that radical
fluGu5daZcY-00069-00015919-00016122 behaviorism maintains the position that
fluGu5daZcY-00070-00016122-00016331 animals including humans are passive
fluGu5daZcY-00071-00016332-00016518 receivers of conditioning failing to
fluGu5daZcY-00072-00016519-00016800 take into account that operant behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00073-00016801-00017006 is titled operant because it operates on
fluGu5daZcY-00074-00017007-00017280 the environment operant behavior is
fluGu5daZcY-00075-00017281-00017496 emitted not elicited animals act on the
fluGu5daZcY-00076-00017497-00017669 environment and the environment acts
fluGu5daZcY-00077-00017670-00017964 back on them or the consequence of a
fluGu5daZcY-00078-00017965-00018180 behavior can itself be a stimulus when
fluGu5daZcY-00079-00018181-00018356 needs not present anything for shaping
fluGu5daZcY-00080-00018357-00018581 to take place radical behaviorism is
fluGu5daZcY-00081-00018582-00018836 often dismissed as logical positivism
fluGu5daZcY-00082-00018837-00019062 canarians maintained that Skinner was
fluGu5daZcY-00083-00019063-00019287 not a logical positivist and recognized
fluGu5daZcY-00084-00019288-00019469 the importance of thinking as behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00085-00019470-00019743 this position is made quite clear in
fluGu5daZcY-00086-00019744-00019997 about behaviorism a clearer position for
fluGu5daZcY-00087-00019998-00020193 radical behaviorism seems to be the
fluGu5daZcY-00088-00020194-00020372 movement known philosophically as
fluGu5daZcY-00089-00020373-00020577 American pragmatism for a review and
fluGu5daZcY-00090-00020578-00020744 summary of Skinner's book verbal
fluGu5daZcY-00091-00020745-00021264 behavior see the article verbal behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00092-00021265-00021719 topic the basics operon psychology
fluGu5daZcY-00093-00021720-00021923 you
fluGu5daZcY-00094-00021924-00022139 Skinner saw that classical conditioning
fluGu5daZcY-00095-00022140-00022355 did not account for the behavior most of
fluGu5daZcY-00096-00022356-00022544 us are interested in such as riding a
fluGu5daZcY-00097-00022545-00022832 bike or writing a book his observations
fluGu5daZcY-00098-00022833-00023021 led him to propose a theory about how
fluGu5daZcY-00099-00023022-00023198 these and similar behaviors called
fluGu5daZcY-00100-00023199-00023582 operants come about roughly speaking in
fluGu5daZcY-00101-00023583-00023771 operant conditioning an operant as
fluGu5daZcY-00102-00023772-00023996 actively emitted and produces changes in
fluGu5daZcY-00103-00023997-00024257 the world ie produces consequences that
fluGu5daZcY-00104-00024258-00024434 alter the likelihood that the behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00105-00024435-00024722 will occur again as represented in the
fluGu5daZcY-00106-00024723-00024914 table below operant conditioning
fluGu5daZcY-00107-00024915-00025166 involves two basic actions increasing or
fluGu5daZcY-00108-00025167-00025337 decreasing the probability that a
fluGu5daZcY-00109-00025338-00025511 specific behavior will occur in the
fluGu5daZcY-00110-00025512-00025712 future which are accomplished by adding
fluGu5daZcY-00111-00025713-00025913 or removing one of two basic types of
fluGu5daZcY-00112-00025914-00026162 stimuli positive reinforcers or negative
fluGu5daZcY-00113-00026163-00026555 reinforcers in other words if the
fluGu5daZcY-00114-00026556-00026758 probability of a behavior as increased
fluGu5daZcY-00115-00026760-00026960 as a consequence of the presentation of
fluGu5daZcY-00116-00026961-00027176 a stimulus that stimulus is a positive
fluGu5daZcY-00117-00027177-00027476 reinforcer if the probability of a
fluGu5daZcY-00118-00027477-00027674 behavior has increased as a consequence
fluGu5daZcY-00119-00027675-00027854 of the withdrawal of a stimulus that
fluGu5daZcY-00120-00027855-00028120 stimulus is a punishment if the
fluGu5daZcY-00121-00028122-00028331 probability of a behavior is decreased
fluGu5daZcY-00122-00028332-00028535 as a consequence of the presentation of
fluGu5daZcY-00123-00028536-00028754 a stimulus that stimulus is a Punisher
fluGu5daZcY-00124-00028755-00029054 if the probability of a behavior is
fluGu5daZcY-00125-00029055-00029219 decreased as a consequence of the
fluGu5daZcY-00126-00029220-00029423 withdrawal of a stimulus that stimulus
fluGu5daZcY-00127-00029424-00029677 as a punishment instrumental
fluGu5daZcY-00128-00029679-00029882 conditioning is another term for operant
fluGu5daZcY-00129-00029883-00030029 conditioning that is most closely
fluGu5daZcY-00130-00030030-00030254 associated with scientists who studied
fluGu5daZcY-00131-00030255-00030527 running through a maze Skinner pioneered
fluGu5daZcY-00132-00030527-00030683 the free operant technique where
fluGu5daZcY-00133-00030683-00030877 organisms could respond at any time
fluGu5daZcY-00134-00030879-00031102 during a protracted experimental session
fluGu5daZcY-00135-00031104-00031367 thus Skinner's dependent variable was
fluGu5daZcY-00136-00031368-00031529 usually the frequency or rate of
fluGu5daZcY-00137-00031530-00031733 responding not the errors that were made
fluGu5daZcY-00138-00031733-00031972 or the speed of traversal of a maze
fluGu5daZcY-00139-00031973-00032207 operant conditioning affects the future
fluGu5daZcY-00140-00032208-00032432 of the organism that is how the organism
fluGu5daZcY-00141-00032433-00032624 will respond after the action summarised
fluGu5daZcY-00142-00032625-00033000 above occur
fluGu5daZcY-00143-00033001-00033270 topic explaining behavior and the
fluGu5daZcY-00144-00033271-00033741 importance of the environment
fluGu5daZcY-00145-00033742-00034017 jonbi Watson argued against the use of
fluGu5daZcY-00146-00034018-00034209 references to mental states and held
fluGu5daZcY-00147-00034210-00034398 that psychology should study behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00148-00034399-00034596 directly holding private events as
fluGu5daZcY-00149-00034597-00034805 impossible to study scientifically
fluGu5daZcY-00150-00034806-00035091 Skinner rejected this position conceding
fluGu5daZcY-00151-00035092-00035280 the importance of thinking feelings and
fluGu5daZcY-00152-00035281-00035625 in her behavior in his analysis Skinner
fluGu5daZcY-00153-00035626-00035823 did not hold to truth by agreement as
fluGu5daZcY-00154-00035824-00036021 Watson did so he was not limited by
fluGu5daZcY-00155-00036022-00036345 observation in Watsons days and in
fluGu5daZcY-00156-00036346-00036525 Skinner's early days it was held that
fluGu5daZcY-00157-00036526-00036735 psychology was at a disadvantage as a
fluGu5daZcY-00158-00036736-00036954 science because behavioral explanations
fluGu5daZcY-00159-00036955-00037239 should take physiology into account very
fluGu5daZcY-00160-00037240-00037437 little was known about physiology at the
fluGu5daZcY-00161-00037438-00037680 time Skinner argued that behavioral
fluGu5daZcY-00162-00037681-00037905 explanations of psychological phenomena
fluGu5daZcY-00163-00037906-00038223 are just as true as physiological
fluGu5daZcY-00164-00038224-00038478 explanations in arguing this he took a
fluGu5daZcY-00165-00038479-00038640 non reductionistic approach to
fluGu5daZcY-00166-00038641-00038847 psychology Skinner
fluGu5daZcY-00167-00038848-00039054 however redefined behavior to include
fluGu5daZcY-00168-00039055-00039314 everything that an organism does
fluGu5daZcY-00169-00039315-00039576 including thinking feeling and speaking
fluGu5daZcY-00170-00039577-00039735 and argued that these phenomena were
fluGu5daZcY-00171-00039736-00040014 valid subject matters the challenge was
fluGu5daZcY-00172-00040015-00040182 that objective observation and
fluGu5daZcY-00173-00040183-00040377 measurement was often impossible the
fluGu5daZcY-00174-00040378-00040602 term radical behaviorism refers to just
fluGu5daZcY-00175-00040603-00040812 this that everything in organism does as
fluGu5daZcY-00176-00040813-00040956 a behavior quotes and references
fluGu5daZcY-00177-00040957-00041328 necessary here however Skinner ruled out
fluGu5daZcY-00178-00041329-00041478 thinking and feeling as valid
fluGu5daZcY-00179-00041479-00041634 explanations of behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00180-00041635-00041940 the reasoning is this thinking and
fluGu5daZcY-00181-00041941-00042135 feeling are not epiphenomena nor have
fluGu5daZcY-00182-00042136-00042318 they any other special status and are
fluGu5daZcY-00183-00042319-00042621 just more behavior to explain explaining
fluGu5daZcY-00184-00042622-00042804 behavior by referring to thought or
fluGu5daZcY-00185-00042805-00043017 feelings or pseudo explanations because
fluGu5daZcY-00186-00043018-00043194 they merely point to more behavior to be
fluGu5daZcY-00187-00043195-00043262 explained
fluGu5daZcY-00188-00043263-00043542 Skinner proposed environmental factors
fluGu5daZcY-00189-00043543-00043772 as proper causes of behavior because
fluGu5daZcY-00190-00043773-00044046 environmental factors are at a different
fluGu5daZcY-00191-00044047-00044285 logical level than behavior in actions
fluGu5daZcY-00192-00044286-00044526 one can manipulate behavior by
fluGu5daZcY-00193-00044527-00044727 manipulating the environment this holds
fluGu5daZcY-00194-00044728-00044889 only for explaining the class of
fluGu5daZcY-00195-00044890-00045086 behaviors known as operant behaviors
fluGu5daZcY-00196-00045087-00045375 this class of behavior Skinner held is
fluGu5daZcY-00197-00045376-00045735 the most interesting study matter many
fluGu5daZcY-00198-00045736-00045957 textbooks in noting the emphasis Skinner
fluGu5daZcY-00199-00045958-00046152 places on the environment argue that
fluGu5daZcY-00200-00046153-00046320 Skinner held that the organism is a
fluGu5daZcY-00201-00046321-00046620 blank slate or a tabula rasa Skinner
fluGu5daZcY-00202-00046621-00046806 wrote extensively on the limits and
fluGu5daZcY-00203-00046807-00046989 possibilities nature places on
fluGu5daZcY-00204-00046990-00047100 conditioning
fluGu5daZcY-00205-00047101-00047307 conditioning is implemented in the body
fluGu5daZcY-00206-00047308-00047580 as a physiological process and a subject
fluGu5daZcY-00207-00047581-00047751 to the current state learning history
fluGu5daZcY-00208-00047752-00047918 and history of the species
fluGu5daZcY-00209-00047919-00048192 Skinner does not consider people a blank
fluGu5daZcY-00210-00048193-00048444 slate or tabula rasa many textbooks
fluGu5daZcY-00211-00048445-00048636 seemed to confuse Skinner's rejection of
fluGu5daZcY-00212-00048637-00048852 physiology with Watson's rejection of
fluGu5daZcY-00213-00048853-00049098 private events it is true to some extent
fluGu5daZcY-00214-00049099-00049329 that Skinner's psychology considers
fluGu5daZcY-00215-00049330-00049524 humans a black box since Skinner
fluGu5daZcY-00216-00049525-00049728 maintains that behavior can be explained
fluGu5daZcY-00217-00049729-00049911 without taking into account what goes on
fluGu5daZcY-00218-00049912-00050220 in the organism however the black box is
fluGu5daZcY-00219-00050221-00050444 not private events but physiology
fluGu5daZcY-00220-00050445-00050757 Skinner considers physiology as useful
fluGu5daZcY-00221-00050758-00051066 interesting valid etc but not necessary
fluGu5daZcY-00222-00051067-00051246 for operant behavioral theory and
fluGu5daZcY-00223-00051247-00051561 research the author of this material has
fluGu5daZcY-00224-00051562-00051786 to present quotations and references for
fluGu5daZcY-00225-00051787-00051917 it appears that the writer is
fluGu5daZcY-00226-00051919-00052125 interpreting radical behaviorism rather
fluGu5daZcY-00227-00052126-00052296 than describing Skinner's radical
fluGu5daZcY-00228-00052297-00052704 behaviorism
fluGu5daZcY-00229-00052704-00052976 topic private events in a radical
fluGu5daZcY-00230-00052977-00053553 behaviorist account radical behaviorism
fluGu5daZcY-00231-00053554-00053760 differs from other forms of behaviorism
fluGu5daZcY-00232-00053761-00053949 in that it treats everything we do as
fluGu5daZcY-00233-00053950-00054174 behavior including private events such
fluGu5daZcY-00234-00054175-00054447 as thinking and feeling unlike John B
fluGu5daZcY-00235-00054448-00054669 Watson's behaviorism private events are
fluGu5daZcY-00236-00054670-00054954 not dismissed as epiphenomena but are
fluGu5daZcY-00237-00054954-00055154 seen as subject to the same principles
fluGu5daZcY-00238-00055155-00055335 of learning and modification as have
fluGu5daZcY-00239-00055336-00055503 been discovered to exist for overt
fluGu5daZcY-00240-00055504-00055769 behavior although private events are not
fluGu5daZcY-00241-00055770-00056006 publicly observable behaviors radical
fluGu5daZcY-00242-00056007-00056187 behaviorism accepts that we are each
fluGu5daZcY-00243-00056188-00056416 observers of our own private behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00244-00056417-00056703 many textbooks in emphasizing that
fluGu5daZcY-00245-00056704-00056894 Skinner held behavior to be the proper
fluGu5daZcY-00246-00056895-00057101 subject matter of psychology fail to
fluGu5daZcY-00247-00057102-00057261 clarify Skinner's position and
fluGu5daZcY-00248-00057262-00057486 implicitly or even explicitly posit that
fluGu5daZcY-00249-00057487-00057680 Skinner ruled out the study of private
fluGu5daZcY-00250-00057682-00057828 events as unscientific
fluGu5daZcY-00251-00057829-00058104 this is Watson's position not Skinner's
fluGu5daZcY-00252-00058104-00058571 citations needed
fluGu5daZcY-00253-00058572-00059085 topic outgrowths
fluGu5daZcY-00254-00059086-00059334 there are radical behaviorist schools of
fluGu5daZcY-00255-00059335-00059535 animal training management clinical
fluGu5daZcY-00256-00059536-00059690 practice and education
fluGu5daZcY-00257-00059691-00059922 Skinner's political views have left
fluGu5daZcY-00258-00059923-00060129 their mark in small ways as principles
fluGu5daZcY-00259-00060129-00060369 adopted by a small handful of utopian
fluGu5daZcY-00260-00060370-00060597 communities such as los hork ones and an
fluGu5daZcY-00261-00060598-00060762 ongoing challenges to aversive
fluGu5daZcY-00262-00060763-00060939 techniques in control of human and
fluGu5daZcY-00263-00060940-00061280 animal behavior radical behaviorism has
fluGu5daZcY-00264-00061282-00061557 generated numerous descendants examples
fluGu5daZcY-00265-00061558-00061725 of these include molar approaches
fluGu5daZcY-00266-00061726-00061932 associated with Richard Herrnstein and
fluGu5daZcY-00267-00061933-00062094 William Baum Howard Rockland's
fluGu5daZcY-00268-00062095-00062307 teleological behaviorism William
fluGu5daZcY-00269-00062308-00062502 Timberlake's behavior systems approach
fluGu5daZcY-00270-00062503-00062676 and John Stanton's theoretical
fluGu5daZcY-00271-00062677-00062985 behaviorism Skinner's theories on verbal
fluGu5daZcY-00272-00062986-00063116 behavior have seen widespread
fluGu5daZcY-00273-00063116-00063345 application in therapies for autistic
fluGu5daZcY-00274-00063346-00063516 children that are based on applied
fluGu5daZcY-00275-00063516-00063735 behavior analysis Abha this statement
fluGu5daZcY-00276-00063736-00063915 appears to be an error in view of the
fluGu5daZcY-00277-00063916-00064141 Macpherson bonum Greene and Osbourne
fluGu5daZcY-00278-00064142-00064425 1984 paper that states Skinner's verbal
fluGu5daZcY-00279-00064426-00065047 behavior 1957 led to no research
fluGu5daZcY-00280-00065048-00065569 topic criticism
fluGu5daZcY-00281-00065570-00065835 criticisms of behaviorism focus on its
fluGu5daZcY-00282-00065836-00066018 supposed theoretical weaknesses as well
fluGu5daZcY-00283-00066019-00066180 as its cold
fluGu5daZcY-00284-00066181-00066459 methods psychologists today consider
fluGu5daZcY-00285-00066460-00066687 this classical form of behaviorism to be
fluGu5daZcY-00286-00066688-00066968 wrong in the sense that modern cognitive
fluGu5daZcY-00287-00066969-00067157 research has attempted to clearly
fluGu5daZcY-00288-00067158-00067335 demonstrate the role of mental processes
fluGu5daZcY-00289-00067336-00067686 in psychology a famous but gruesome line
fluGu5daZcY-00290-00067687-00067896 of experimentation by noted psychologist
fluGu5daZcY-00291-00067897-00068099 Martin Seligman has been used to
fluGu5daZcY-00292-00068100-00068292 demonstrate behavior isms inability to
fluGu5daZcY-00293-00068293-00068610 explain learned helplessness dogs which
fluGu5daZcY-00294-00068611-00068829 had previously been placed in cages with
fluGu5daZcY-00295-00068830-00069050 fully electrified and inescapable floors
fluGu5daZcY-00296-00069051-00069251 later never bothered to discover that
fluGu5daZcY-00297-00069252-00069431 newer cages they were placed in had a
fluGu5daZcY-00298-00069432-00069660 non electrified section separated by a
fluGu5daZcY-00299-00069661-00069875 short wall that control dogs had no
fluGu5daZcY-00300-00069876-00070140 difficulty hopping instead they laid
fluGu5daZcY-00301-00070141-00070376 down and quietly suffered according to
fluGu5daZcY-00302-00070377-00070556 the critiques this demonstrated that
fluGu5daZcY-00303-00070557-00070751 internally the dogs perceived a lack of
fluGu5daZcY-00304-00070752-00071016 control over their environment this is
fluGu5daZcY-00305-00071017-00071154 why they never bothered to remove
fluGu5daZcY-00306-00071155-00071330 themselves from the aversive stimulus
fluGu5daZcY-00307-00071331-00071586 when they had the option however this
fluGu5daZcY-00308-00071587-00071807 phenomena can be described and predicted
fluGu5daZcY-00309-00071808-00071980 from a behaviorist framework as well
fluGu5daZcY-00310-00071981-00072255 through a process of extinction the dogs
fluGu5daZcY-00311-00072256-00072443 had learned that escaping did not lead
fluGu5daZcY-00312-00072444-00072605 to the negative reinforcement of
fluGu5daZcY-00313-00072606-00072867 escaping the shocks hence they stopped
fluGu5daZcY-00314-00072868-00073274 trying
fluGu5daZcY-00315-00073275-00073732 topic see also
fluGu5daZcY-00316-00073733-00074389 Twin Oaks Community Law stork ones
fluGu5daZcY-00317-00074390-00074890 topic notes
fluGu5daZcY-00318-00074891-00075410 topic references
fluGu5daZcY-00319-00075411-00075930 topic further reading
fluGu5daZcY-00320-00075931-00076313 Wyatt W Joseph 2001 some myths about
fluGu5daZcY-00321-00076314-00076559 behaviorism that are undone in BF
fluGu5daZcY-00322-00076560-00076849 Skinner's the design of cultures
fluGu5daZcY-00323-00076850-00077292 behavior and social issues 1 1 1 PP 28
fluGu5daZcY-00324-00077293-00077804 to 30 gain or Scott T 2004 skepticism of
fluGu5daZcY-00325-00077805-00078240 caricatures BF Skinner turns 100 the
fluGu5daZcY-00326-00078241-00078977 skeptical inquirer 28 1 PP 26 to 29
fluGu5daZcY-00327-00078978-00079525 topic external links
fluGu5daZcY-00328-00079526-00079873 behavior and social issues Journal of
fluGu5daZcY-00329-00079874-00080121 the experimental analysis of behavior
fluGu5daZcY-00330-00080122-00080497 Journal of applied behavior analysis the
fluGu5daZcY-00331-00080498-00080788 behavior analyst the psychological
fluGu5daZcY-00332-00080789-00081364 record BF Skinner foundation
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00000-00000051-00000308 the kanem-bornu empire was an empire
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00001-00000309-00000539 that existed in modern chad in nigeria
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00002-00000540-00000811 it was known to the arabian geographers
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00003-00000812-00000979 as the Khanum empire from the 9th
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00004-00000980-00001207 century AD onward and lasted as the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00005-00001208-00001423 independent kingdom of Bornu the Bornu
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00006-00001424-00001818 empire until 1900 the Khanum empire see
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00007-00001819-00002156 701 3:8 o was located in the present
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00008-00002157-00002458 countries of Chad Nigeria and Libya at
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00009-00002459-00002626 its height it encompassed an area
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00010-00002627-00002851 covering not only most of Chad but also
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00011-00002852-00003062 parts of southern Libya Suzanne an
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00012-00003063-00003295 Eastern Niger northeastern Nigeria and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00013-00003296-00003643 northern Cameroon the Bornu Empire 1380s
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00014-00003644-00003992 - 1893 was a state of what is now
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00015-00003993-00004220 northeastern Nigeria in time becoming
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00016-00004221-00004433 even larger than Khanum incorporating
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00017-00004434-00004652 areas that are today parts of Chad Niger
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00018-00004653-00005002 Sudan and Cameroon is existed from 1380s
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00019-00005003-00005350 to 1893 the early history of the Empire
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00020-00005351-00005554 is mainly known from the royal Chronicle
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00021-00005555-00005806 or gergan discovered in 1851 by the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00022-00005807-00006331 German traveller Heinrich Barth
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00023-00006332-00006892 topic theories on the origin of kanima
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00024-00006893-00007126 Khanum was located at the southern end
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00025-00007127-00007312 of the trans-saharan trade route between
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00026-00007313-00007527 Tripoli in the region of Lake Chad
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00027-00007528-00007816 besides its urban elite it also included
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00028-00007817-00008041 a confederation of nomadic peoples who
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00029-00008042-00008272 spoke languages of the TEDA dasu - boo
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00030-00008273-00008592 group
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00031-00008593-00009308 topic founding by immigrants see 600 BC
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00032-00009309-00009602 the origins of kanima are unclear some
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00033-00009603-00009799 older histories connect the creation of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00034-00009800-00009970 kanem-bornu with exodus from the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00035-00009971-00010358 collapsed Assyrian Empire see 600 BC to
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00036-00010359-00010595 the northeast of Lake Chad more recent
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00037-00010596-00010787 theories tend to support the idea of a
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00038-00010788-00011299 closer origin for the migration
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00039-00011300-00011536 topic founding by local canon boot doog
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00040-00011537-00012064 let's see 700 AD
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00041-00012065-00012301 according to a more accepted theory the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00042-00012302-00012493 kingdom of cannon began forming around
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00043-00012494-00012769 700 AD under the nomadic taboos speaking
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00044-00012770-00012979 cannon bail the cannon blew were
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00045-00012980-00013204 supposedly forced Southwest towards the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00046-00013205-00013378 fertile lands around Lake Chad by
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00047-00013379-00013579 political pressure and desiccation in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00048-00013580-00013828 their former range the area already
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00049-00013829-00014041 possessed independent walled city states
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00050-00014041-00014311 belonging to the south culture under the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00051-00014312-00014509 leadership of the Duga dynasty the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00052-00014510-00014691 cannon boo would eventually dominate the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00053-00014693-00014890 south but not before adopting many of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00054-00014891-00015133 their customs war between the two
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00055-00015134-00015697 continued up to the late 16th century
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00056-00015699-00016144 topic a gisimba origin
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00057-00016145-00016439 one theory proposes that the lost state
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00058-00016440-00016641 of Agra simba mentioned by Ptolemy in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00059-00016642-00016853 the middle of the second century AD was
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00060-00016854-00017405 the antecedent of the Khanum Empire
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00061-00017406-00017961 topic dugu a dynasty cannon boo
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00062-00017962-00018192 Khanum was located at the southern end
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00063-00018193-00018378 of the trans-saharan trade route between
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00064-00018379-00018666 Tripoli in the region of Lake Chad the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00065-00018667-00018836 cannon boo eventually abandoned their
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00066-00018837-00019065 nomadic lifestyle and founded a capital
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00067-00019066-00019347 around 700 AD under the first documented
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00068-00019348-00019692 cannon boot cane my known as SEF of safe
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00069-00019693-00020007 the capital of ng me the word for south
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00070-00020008-00020280 in the Teta language grew in power and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00071-00020281-00020571 influence under Saif Sun Ndugu this
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00072-00020572-00020739 transition marked the beginning of the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00073-00020740-00021000 dougela dynasty the maze of the dugu WA
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00074-00021001-00021183 were regarded as divine kings and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00075-00021184-00021288 belonged to the ruling establishment
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00076-00021289-00021633 known as the Megumi despite changes in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00077-00021634-00021864 dynastic power the Megumi and the title
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00078-00021865-00022031 of my would persevere for over a
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00079-00022032-00022163 thousand years
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00080-00022164-00022394 Khanum is mentioned as one of three
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00081-00022395-00022650 great empires in Balad el sudan by all
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00082-00022651-00023146 jakob i in 872
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00083-00023147-00023933 topic adoption of Islam C 1068 ad
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00084-00023934-00024534 topic rise of the Safavid dynasty
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00085-00024535-00024756 the major factor that influenced the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00086-00024757-00024948 later history of the state of Khanum was
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00087-00024949-00025215 the early penetration of Islam North
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00088-00025216-00025419 African traders Berbers and Arabs
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00089-00025420-00025719 brought the new religion towards 1068
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00090-00025720-00025905 huh may a member of the safe ala
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00091-00025906-00026118 establishment who was already a Muslim
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00092-00026119-00026345 discarded the last dugu a king selma
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00093-00026347-00026535 from power and thus established the new
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00094-00026536-00026841 dynasty of the saif al-islam offered the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00095-00026842-00027039 safe flower rulers the advantage of new
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00096-00027039-00027258 ideas from Arabia and the Mediterranean
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00097-00027258-00027408 world as well as literacy and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00098-00027408-00027711 administration but many people resisted
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00099-00027712-00027891 the new religion favoring traditional
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00100-00027892-00028164 beliefs and practices when huh may had
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00101-00028164-00028380 assumed power on the basis of his strong
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00102-00028381-00028602 Islamic following for example it is
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00103-00028602-00028802 believed that the Duga cannon boo began
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00104-00028804-00029061 some kind of internal opposition this
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00105-00029062-00029247 pattern of conflict and compromise with
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00106-00029248-00029806 Islam occurs repeatedly in JD in history
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00107-00029807-00030106 topic foundation of the new Capitol and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00108-00030107-00030427 Jimmy
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00109-00030427-00030698 when the ruling dynasty changed the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00110-00030699-00030875 royal establishment abandoned its
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00111-00030876-00031052 capital of Manan and settled in the new
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00112-00031052-00031258 capital and jimmy further south of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00113-00031260-00031552 Khanum the word for south in the Teta
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00114-00031554-00031841 language by the 13th century canons rule
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00115-00031842-00032105 expanded at the same time the canon boo
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00116-00032106-00032314 people drew closer to the new rulers and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00117-00032316-00032501 increased the growing population in the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00118-00032502-00032768 new capital of n Jimmy even though the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00119-00032769-00032954 canon boo became the main power base of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00120-00032955-00033179 the safe one kennen's rulers continued
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00121-00033180-00033320 to travel frequently throughout the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00122-00033321-00033527 kingdom and especially towards Bornu
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00123-00033528-00033818 west of Lake Chad Curtis and farmers
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00124-00033819-00034004 alike recognized the government's power
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00125-00034005-00034169 and acknowledge their allegiance by
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00126-00034170-00034607 paying tribute
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00127-00034608-00035115 topic expansion tube or new
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00128-00035116-00035676 topic my do nama dabble Emmy
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00129-00035677-00035904 Kennan's expansion peaked during the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00130-00035905-00036114 long and energetic reign of my dunam
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00131-00036115-00036492 Addabbo lemme see a 1203 to 12:42 also
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00132-00036493-00036758 of the Safavid dynasty dabble Emmie
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00133-00036759-00036965 initiated diplomatic exchanges with
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00134-00036966-00037176 Sultan's in North Africa and apparently
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00135-00037177-00037355 arranged for the establishment of a
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00136-00037356-00037580 special hostel in Cairo to facilitate
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00137-00037581-00037883 pilgrimages to Mecca during his reign he
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00138-00037884-00038073 declared jihad against the surrounding
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00139-00038074-00038289 tribes and initiated an extended period
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00140-00038290-00038586 of conquest after consolidating their
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00141-00038587-00038771 territory around lake chad the phazon
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00142-00038772-00039014 region in present-day libya fell under
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00143-00039015-00039183 canons authority and the Empire's
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00144-00039184-00039414 influence extended westward to condo in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00145-00039415-00039639 present-day Nigeria and thus included
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00146-00039640-00039885 Bornu eastward towada and southward to
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00147-00039886-00040077 the Adamawa grasslands in present-day
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00148-00040078-00040368 Cameroon portraying these boundaries on
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00149-00040369-00040589 maps can be misleading however because
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00150-00040590-00040782 the degree of control extended in ever
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00151-00040783-00040955 weakening gradations from the core of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00152-00040956-00041154 the Empire around and Jimmy to remote
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00153-00041155-00041324 peripheries from which Allegiance and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00154-00041325-00041535 tribute were usually only symbolic
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00155-00041536-00041823 moreover cartographic lines are static
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00156-00041824-00042030 and misrepresent the mobility inherent
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00157-00042031-00042221 in nomadism and migration which were
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00158-00042222-00042486 common the loyalty of peoples and their
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00159-00042487-00042671 leaders was more important in governance
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00160-00042672-00042929 than the physical control of territory
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00161-00042930-00043173 mm II devised a system to reward
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00162-00043174-00043362 military commanders with authority over
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00163-00043363-00043629 the people they conquered this system
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00164-00043630-00043839 however tempted military officers to
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00165-00043840-00044049 pass their positions to their sons thus
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00166-00044050-00044237 transforming the office from one based
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00167-00044238-00044420 on achievement and loyalty to the my
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00168-00044421-00044771 into one based on hereditary nobility mm
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00169-00044772-00044961 II was able to suppress this tendency
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00170-00044962-00045168 but after his death dissension among his
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00171-00045169-00045380 sons weakened the Safavid dynasty
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00172-00045381-00045674 dynastic feuds degenerated into civil
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00173-00045675-00045893 war and cannons outlying peoples soon
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00174-00045894-00046271 ceased paying tribute
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00175-00046272-00046548 topic shift of the Saifu a court from
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00176-00046549-00046955 Khanum to Bornu
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00177-00046956-00047240 by the end of the 14th century internal
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00178-00047241-00047444 struggles and external attacks had torn
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00179-00047445-00047737 Khanum apart between thirteen fifty nine
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00180-00047738-00047933 and thirteen eighty three seven Mays
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00181-00047934-00048137 reigned but boo Allah invaders from the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00182-00048138-00048323 area around Lake Fitri to the east
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00183-00048324-00048560 killed five of them this proliferation
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00184-00048561-00048800 of maize resulted in numerous claimants
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00185-00048801-00048959 to the throne and led to a series of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00186-00048960-00049283 internecine Wars finally around thirteen
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00187-00049284-00049478 eighty the bool Allah forced my Omar
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00188-00049479-00049690 Idris me to abandon and Jimmie and move
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00189-00049691-00049868 the cannon boo people to Bornu on the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00190-00049869-00050171 western edge of lake chad over time the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00191-00050172-00050342 intermarriage of the cannon boo and bore
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00192-00050343-00050546 new peoples created a new people and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00193-00050547-00050840 language the candor II but even in bore
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00194-00050841-00051040 knew the safe holiday nasties troubles
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00195-00051041-00051239 persistent during the first three
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00196-00051240-00051442 quarters of the 15th century for example
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00197-00051444-00051770 fifteen maize occupied the throne then
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00198-00051771-00052015 around fourteen sixty my ally do namami
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00199-00052016-00052204 defeated his rivals and began the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00200-00052205-00052469 consolidation of Bornu he built a
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00201-00052470-00052694 fortified capital at nasser Gamu to the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00202-00052695-00052919 west of lake chad in present-day Nigeria
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00203-00052920-00053144 the first permanent home as safe alum I
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00204-00053145-00053450 had enjoyed in a century so successful
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00205-00053451-00053654 was thus a flower rejuvenation that by
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00206-00053654-00053900 the early 16th century my idris katha
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00207-00053901-00054272 karma be 1487 to 1509 was able to defeat
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00208-00054273-00054479 the boule ala and retake and Jimmy the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00209-00054479-00054742 former capital the Empire's leaders
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00210-00054744-00054962 however remained at Nasser Gamu because
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00211-00054963-00055102 its lands were more productive
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00212-00055103-00055307 agriculturally and better suited to the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00213-00055308-00055574 raising of cattle a league a G was the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00214-00055575-00055772 first ruler of the Empire to assume the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00215-00055773-00056142 title of caliph
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00216-00056144-00056646 topic kanem-bornu period
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00217-00056647-00056916 with control over both capitals the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00218-00056917-00057154 saiful dynasty became more powerful than
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00219-00057154-00057421 ever the two states were merged but
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00220-00057422-00057606 political authority still rested in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00221-00057607-00057876 Bornu kanem-bornu peaked during the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00222-00057877-00058084 reign of the Statesman my idris Illuma
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00223-00058085-00058554 see 1571 to 1603 Illuma is remembered
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00224-00058555-00058779 for his military skills administrative
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00225-00058780-00059074 reforms and Islamic piety his main
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00226-00059075-00059248 adversaries were the house set to the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00227-00059249-00059451 West the Tuareg and to boot to the north
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00228-00059452-00059722 and the boule ala to the east one epic
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00229-00059723-00060046 poem extol his victories in 330 wars and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00230-00060047-00060342 more than 1000 battles his innovations
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00231-00060344-00060511 included the employment of fixed
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00232-00060512-00060721 military camps with walls permanent
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00233-00060722-00061032 sieges and scorched earth tactics where
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00234-00061033-00061224 soldiers burned everything in their path
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00235-00061225-00061441 armored horses and riders and the use of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00236-00061441-00061557 Berber cavalry
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00237-00061558-00061749 Kotoko boatman and iron helmeted
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00238-00061750-00061936 Musketeers trained by Turkish military
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00239-00061937-00062268 advisors his act of diplomacy featured
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00240-00062269-00062487 relations with Tripoli Egypt and the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00241-00062488-00062734 Ottoman Empire which sent a 200 member
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00242-00062735-00062953 ambassadorial party across the desert to
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00243-00062954-00063237 illumise court at Nasser Gamu Illuma
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00244-00063238-00063429 also signed what was probably the first
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00245-00063430-00063646 written treaty or ceasefire in JD in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00246-00063647-00063957 history Illuma introduced a number of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00247-00063958-00064174 legal and administrative reforms based
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00248-00064175-00064404 on his religious beliefs in Islamic law
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00249-00064405-00064690 Sharia he sponsored the construction of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00250-00064691-00064854 numerous mosques and made a pilgrimage
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00251-00064855-00065043 to Mecca where he arranged for the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00252-00065044-00065250 establishment of a hostel to be used by
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00253-00065251-00065512 pilgrims from his empire as with other
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00254-00065513-00065757 dynamic politicians illumise reformist
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00255-00065758-00065919 goals led him to seek loyal and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00256-00065920-00066130 competent advisors and allies and he
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00257-00066131-00066325 frequently relied on slaves who had been
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00258-00066326-00066673 educated in noble homes a luminous ought
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00259-00066674-00066880 advice from a council composed of heads
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00260-00066881-00067159 of the most important clans he required
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00261-00067160-00067360 major political figures to live at the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00262-00067361-00067537 court and he reinforced political
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00263-00067538-00067723 alliances through appropriate marriages
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00264-00067724-00067950 Illuma himself was the son of a cannery
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00265-00067951-00068244 father and abu allah mother kanem-bornu
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00266-00068245-00068469 under illumise Truong and wealthy
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00267-00068470-00068710 government revenue came from tribute or
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00268-00068711-00068931 booty if the recalcitrant people had to
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00269-00068932-00069160 be conquered sales of slaves and duties
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00270-00069161-00069385 on and participation in trans-saharan
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00271-00069386-00069429 trade
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00272-00069430-00069738 unlike west africa the JD in' region did
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00273-00069739-00069871 not have gold
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00274-00069872-00070050 still it was central to one of the most
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00275-00070051-00070311 convenient trans-saharan routes between
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00276-00070312-00070551 Lake Chad and fizz n lay a sequence of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00277-00070552-00070767 well spaced Wells and Oasis and from
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00278-00070768-00070944 fazham there were easy connections to
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00279-00070945-00071148 North Africa and the Mediterranean Sea
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00280-00071149-00071398 many products were sent North including
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00281-00071399-00071712 Natron sodium carbonate cotton Kola nuts
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00282-00071713-00072010 ivory ostrich feathers perfume wax and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00283-00072011-00072342 hides and slaves imports included salt
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00284-00072343-00072855 horses silks glass muskets and copper
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00285-00072856-00073084 illuminant raid and other economic
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00286-00073085-00073303 matters he is credited with having the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00287-00073304-00073524 roads cleared designing better boats for
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00288-00073525-00073755 Lake Chad introducing standard units of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00289-00073756-00073942 measure for grain and moving farmers
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00290-00073943-00074232 into new lands in addition he improved
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00291-00074233-00074424 the ease and security of transit through
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00292-00074425-00074596 the Empire with the goal of making it so
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00293-00074597-00074856 safe that a lone woman clad in gold
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00294-00074857-00075428 might walk with none to fear but God
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00295-00075429-00075919 topic successors
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00296-00075920-00076172 most of the successors of Idris Illuma
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00297-00076173-00076300 are only known from the meagre
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00298-00076301-00076588 information provided by the Diwan some
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00299-00076589-00076772 of them are noted for having undertaken
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00300-00076773-00076936 the pilgrimage to Mecca others for their
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00301-00076937-00077248 piety in the 18th century born who was
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00302-00077249-00077778 affected by several long lasting famines
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00303-00077779-00078395 topic decline of the Bornu empire
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00304-00078396-00078656 the administrative reforms and military
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00305-00078657-00078842 brilliance of illumise sustained the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00306-00078843-00079097 Empire until the mid 17th century when
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00307-00079098-00079385 its power began to fade by the late 18th
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00308-00079386-00079595 century war new rule extended only
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00309-00079596-00079796 westward into the land of the house of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00310-00079797-00080081 modern Nigeria the Empire was still
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00311-00080082-00080282 ruled by the my who was advised by his
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00312-00080283-00080477 councilors koknal WA in the State
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00313-00080478-00080816 Council or no kina the members of his no
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00314-00080817-00081014 kina Council included his sons and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00315-00081015-00081194 daughters and other royalty the Maina
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00316-00081195-00081557 and non royalty pick okinawa new man the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00317-00081558-00081752 cochineal WA included freemen and slaves
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00318-00081753-00081992 you Nick snown as catch allah the latter
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00319-00081993-00082226 had come to play a very important part
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00320-00082227-00082514 in Bornu politics as eunuchs did in many
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00321-00082515-00082982 muslim courts
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00322-00082983-00083513 topic Fulani jihad
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00323-00083514-00083792 around that time Fulani people invading
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00324-00083793-00083954 from the west were able to make major
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00325-00083955-00084254 inroads into borneo by the early 19th
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00326-00084255-00084467 century kanem-bornu was clearly an
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00327-00084468-00084734 empire in decline and in 1808 Fulani
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00328-00084735-00085025 warriors conquered mizrahim you Guzman
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00329-00085026-00085265 danfa do led the Fulani thrust and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00330-00085266-00085472 proclaimed a jihad holy war on the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00331-00085473-00085730 irreligious Muslims of the area his
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00332-00085731-00085925 campaign eventually affected kanem-bornu
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00333-00085926-00086168 and inspired a trend toward Islamic
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00334-00086169-00086581 orthodoxy
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00335-00086582-00087074 topic Mohammed Al Kaname
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00336-00087075-00087325 but Mohammed al-ameen al Kaname
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00337-00087326-00087592 contested the Fulani advance cannon was
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00338-00087593-00087785 a Muslim scholar and non-safe Allah
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00339-00087786-00087986 warlord who had put together an alliance
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00340-00087987-00088231 of Shia Arabs cannon Bou and other semi
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00341-00088232-00088517 nomadic people's he eventually built in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00342-00088518-00088756 1814 a capital at cacao WA in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00343-00088757-00089042 present-day Nigeria safe all amazed
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00344-00089043-00089344 remain titular monarchs until 1846
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00345-00089345-00089581 in that year the last my in league with
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00346-00089582-00089849 the Wada Empire precipitated a civil war
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00347-00089850-00090110 it was at that point that Ken amis son
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00348-00090111-00090353 Umar became King the sending one of the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00349-00090354-00090580 longest dynastic reigns in international
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00350-00090581-00090961 history
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00351-00090962-00091454 topic post safe our era
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00352-00091455-00091691 although the dynasty ended the kingdom
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00353-00091692-00091946 of kanem-bornu survived Umar eschewed
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00354-00091947-00092156 the title my for the simpler designation
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00355-00092157-00092354 Shahu from the Arabic Sheikh could not
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00356-00092355-00092522 match his father's vitality and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00357-00092523-00092687 gradually allowed the kingdom to be
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00358-00092688-00093011 ruled by advisers wazirs born who began
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00359-00093012-00093188 a further decline as a result of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00360-00093189-00093413 administrative disorganization regional
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00361-00093414-00093590 particularism and attacks by the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00362-00093591-00093872 militant wada Empire to the east the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00363-00093873-00094117 decline continued under whom our sons in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00364-00094118-00094244 1893
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00365-00094245-00094463 rabbie az-zubair led an invading army
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00366-00094464-00094711 from eastern Sudan and conquered Bornu
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00367-00094712-00094931 following his expulsion shortly
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00368-00094932-00095123 thereafter the state was absorbed by the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00369-00095124-00095297 British ruled entity which eventually
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00370-00095298-00095591 became known as Nigeria from that point
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00371-00095592-00095801 on a remnant of the old kingdom was and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00372-00095802-00096005 still is allowed to continue to exist in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00373-00096006-00096203 subjection to the various governments of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00374-00096204-00096455 the country as the Borno emirate he was
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00375-00096456-00096704 defeated by French soldiers in 1900
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00376-00096705-00096962 topics he also say follow dynasty
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00377-00096963-00097148 chronology of the SAF alwa kanem-bornu
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00378-00097149-00097460 Diwan Gurgaon even for to eben for to a
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00379-00097461-00097724 kingdom of Bagram II wada Empire history
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00380-00097725-00097925 of Nigeria list of Sunni Muslim
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00381-00097926-00098147 dynasties topic references topic
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00382-00098148-00098426 bibliography alkali Noir and Bala Osman
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00383-00098427-00098642 EDS studies in the history of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00384-00098643-00098888 pre-colonial Borno Zarya northern
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00385-00098889-00099185 Nigerian publishing 1983 bark and Oh
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00386-00099186-00099407 Baro the early states of the central
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00387-00099408-00099626 Sudan kanem-bornu and some of their
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00388-00099627-00100043 neighbors to see 1500 AD in Ju ji-hoon
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00389-00100044-00100355 dem Crowder ed history of West Africa BD
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00390-00100356-00100954 I 3rd ed Harlow 1985 225 to 250 for
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00391-00100955-00101291 Barth heinrich travel and discoveries in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00392-00101292-00101441 North and Central Africa
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00393-00101442-00101963 volume 2 New York 1858 15 to 29 581 to
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00394-00101964-00102365 602 Brenner Lewis the shares of cacao WA
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00395-00102366-00102776 Oxford 1973 kanem-bornu in Thomas
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00396-00102777-00103057 Calello ed Chad a country study
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00397-00103058-00103336 Washington GPO for the Library of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00398-00103338-00103735 Congress 1988 do Yuri Remy regards
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00399-00103736-00103949 kwazii's on trader ports today cert
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00400-00103950-00104383 hypotheses 2013 383 293 Cowan
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00401-00104384-00104629 Ronald the cannery of Bornu new york
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00402-00104630-00104791 1967
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00403-00104792-00105127 Pelham W the life and times of raba fadl
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00404-00105128-00105550 Allah Devin 1977 her Oberon Vincent a
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00405-00105551-00105810 history of Borno trans-saharan African
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00406-00105811-00106054 Empire to failing Nigerian state London
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00407-00106055-00106377 Hurst and Oxford University Press 2017
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00408-00106378-00106780 Hughes William 2007 a class book of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00409-00106781-00107107 modern geography paperback Whitefish Mt
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00410-00107108-00107608 Kessinger publishing P 390 pages ISBN 1
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00411-00107608-00108108 4 3 2 6 8 1 8 o X Lang deer led to one
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00412-00108109-00108399 day Sultan's do kanem-bornu be spot in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00413-00108400-00108754 1977 a Sioux demmick Chronicle the Borno
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00414-00108755-00109171 expeditions of idris Alama 1564 to 1576
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00415-00109172-00109560 stuttgart 1987 ethnogenesis from within
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00416-00109561-00109934 the Chaddock state-paid ajuma 39 1993
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00417-00109935-00110302 261 to 277 the chad region as a
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00418-00110303-00110617 crossroads in ml fast chg general
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00419-00110618-00110941 history of Africa vol 3 UNESCO London
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00420-00110942-00111445 1988 pp 436 to 460 the kingdoms and
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00421-00111446-00111742 peoples of Chad in DT me on IDI general
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00422-00111743-00111979 history of Africa volume for UNESCO
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00423-00111980-00112501 London 1984 pp 238 to 265 an
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00424-00112502-00112686 introduction to the history of Canon
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00425-00112688-00112911 Borno the prologue of the Diwan Borno
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00426-00112913-00113215 museum society newsletter 76 to 80 for
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00427-00113216-00113634 2010 79 to 103 the founding of Canon by
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00428-00113635-00114094 a Syrian refugee CA 600 BCE documentary
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00429-00114095-00114292 linguistic and archaeological evidence
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00430-00114293-00114724 Boston 2011 la verse John adventures in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00431-00114725-00114904 the chronology of the states of the Chad
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00432-00114905-00115168 bond and by Daniel burrito and Charlotte
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00433-00115169-00115339 de Graaff in Reed presented at the debt
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00434-00115340-00115591 Asian at chronology dans la Bassin du
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00435-00115592-00115873 lac chat dating and chronology in the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00436-00115874-00116309 lake Chad basin Bondi or stem 1993 PP
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00437-00116310-00116716 255 267 lezione Nehemia and John Hopkins
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00438-00116717-00116989 corpus of early Arabic sources for West
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00439-00116990-00117340 African history Cambridge 1981 nach
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00440-00117341-00117666 Tiggle Gustave Sahara in Sudan Berlin
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00441-00117667-00118126 1879 to 1881 Leipzig 1989 knock truck
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00442-00118127-00118180 rocks
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00443-00118181-00118630 1967 ye and GL ubers van Humphrey Fisher
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00444-00118631-00118734 Oliver
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00445-00118735-00119074 Rowland and Anthony at more 2005 Africa
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00446-00119075-00119404 since 1815 Cambridge Cambridge
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00447-00119405-00119530 University Press
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00448-00119531-00119998 P 405 pages ISBN oh five two one eight
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00449-00119999-00120475 three six one five eight Shillington 11
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00450-00120476-00120858 2005 encyclopedia of African history vol
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00451-00120859-00121330 1 AG New York route Lynch PP 1912 pages
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00452-00121331-00121672 ISBN one five seven nine five eight two
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00453-00121673-00122068 four five one Smith Abdullahi the early
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00454-00122069-00122310 states of the central Sudan in jo jaeyun
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00455-00122311-00122632 M Crowder ed history of West Africa vol
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00456-00122633-00123297 1 1st ed London 1971 158 to 183 her voi
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00457-00123298-00123683 whampire de Bourgh new Paris 1949
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00458-00123684-00124021 Trimingham Spencer a history of Islam in
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00459-00124022-00124522 West Africa Oxford 1962 her voi lumpier
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00460-00124523-00124945 de Bourgh new Paris 1949 Vandermeer OOP
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00461-00124946-00125170 mark a history of the ancient Near East
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00462-00125171-00125451 2nd ed Oxford 2007
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00463-00125452-00125749 Zachary Micah Rhema contribution Allah
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00464-00125750-00126001 has toire de populations du Sud s
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00465-00126002-00126236 Ian Nia May 1985
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00466-00126238-00126571 zelner jean-claude pages d'histoire do
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00467-00126572-00127113 condom pays chatty in Paris 1980
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00468-00127114-00127639 topic further reading
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00469-00127640-00127966 barking doh Bora the early states of the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00470-00127967-00128248 central Sudan kanem-bornu and some of
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00471-00128249-00128709 their neighbors to see 1500 AD in Ju
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00472-00128710-00129028 ji-hoon dem Crowder HG history of West
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00473-00129029-00129796 Africa BD i3a USG Harlow 1985 225 to 250
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00474-00129797-00130183 for lang dear ancient kingdoms of West
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00475-00130183-00130402 Africa Africa centered and Canaanite
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00476-00130403-00130696 Israelite perspectives Dettol Bock 2004
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00477-00130697-00130935 the book suggests a pre-christian origin
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00478-00130936-00131077 of kahneman connection with the
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00479-00131078-00131383 Phoenicians expansion ERV oi
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00480-00131384-00131691 lamb Pierre de Bourgh new Paris 1949
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00481-00131692-00132046 Lange Dirac emigration of the Chaddock
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00482-00132047-00132484 speaking south towards 600 BCE Borno
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00483-00132485-00132997 museum society newsletter 72 275 2008 84
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00484-00132998-00133492 - 106
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00485-00133493-00134034 topic external links
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00486-00134035-00134390 the story of Africa kanem-bornu BBC
fmZjBWeeN4Y-00487-00134391-00134874 World Service timeline of rulers
fnwRqenF94y-00000-00000463-00001491 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00001-00001492-00001907 foreign
fnwRqenF94y-00002-00001909-00002671 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00003-00002672-00003297 ready go
fnwRqenF94y-00004-00003299-00003903 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00005-00003904-00005497 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00006-00005498-00005683 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00007-00005684-00006127 yes
fnwRqenF94y-00008-00006128-00007454 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00009-00007455-00008487 [Laughter]
fnwRqenF94y-00010-00008488-00010067 my
fnwRqenF94y-00011-00010068-00011283 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00012-00011284-00012890 so
fnwRqenF94y-00013-00012891-00013713 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00014-00013713-00014083 [Laughter]
fnwRqenF94y-00015-00014084-00014463 oh
fnwRqenF94y-00016-00014463-00016343 ready go
fnwRqenF94y-00017-00016344-00016883 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00018-00016884-00017950 hmm
fnwRqenF94y-00019-00017951-00018173 [Applause]
fnwRqenF94y-00020-00018174-00019683 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00021-00019684-00020441 oh
fnwRqenF94y-00022-00020442-00021220 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00023-00021221-00021363 [Laughter]
fnwRqenF94y-00024-00021364-00022483 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00025-00022484-00022737 um
fnwRqenF94y-00026-00022738-00023678 [Laughter]
fnwRqenF94y-00027-00023679-00024724 go go
fnwRqenF94y-00028-00024725-00025420 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00029-00025421-00026683 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00030-00026683-00026935 hmm
fnwRqenF94y-00031-00026936-00027763 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00032-00027764-00028083 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00033-00028083-00028305 ready
fnwRqenF94y-00034-00028306-00029483 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00035-00029483-00029689 right
fnwRqenF94y-00036-00029689-00030883 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00037-00030883-00031182 um
fnwRqenF94y-00038-00031183-00031702 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00039-00031702-00032283 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00040-00032283-00032430 what
fnwRqenF94y-00041-00032431-00033683 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00042-00033684-00034162 um
fnwRqenF94y-00043-00034163-00034669 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00044-00034670-00036192 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00045-00036193-00036483 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00046-00036484-00036670 um
fnwRqenF94y-00047-00036671-00039283 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00048-00039284-00039599 foreign
fnwRqenF94y-00049-00039600-00040950 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00050-00040951-00042083 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00051-00042084-00042655 you
fnwRqenF94y-00052-00042656-00044883 oh no no no no no
fnwRqenF94y-00053-00044884-00046283 me
fnwRqenF94y-00054-00046284-00046669 hello
fnwRqenF94y-00055-00046670-00047683 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00056-00047684-00047997 oh
fnwRqenF94y-00057-00047998-00049083 [Music]
fnwRqenF94y-00058-00049084-00049185 do
fnwRqenF94y-00060-00053672-00053879 you
gouBl-bWgSQ-00000-00000096-00000375 hi anna my name's ray
gouBl-bWgSQ-00001-00000376-00000759 um i'm 63 years old and i'm from uh
gouBl-bWgSQ-00002-00000760-00001062 um surrey and um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00003-00001063-00001399 i'm uploading this video um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00004-00001400-00001791 as you requested i have watched all
gouBl-bWgSQ-00005-00001792-00002039 pretty much all of the other ones from
gouBl-bWgSQ-00006-00002039-00002110 all your
gouBl-bWgSQ-00007-00002111-00002471 contributors as well and
gouBl-bWgSQ-00008-00002472-00002687 i don't think i can disagree with
gouBl-bWgSQ-00009-00002688-00002902 anything they've said
gouBl-bWgSQ-00010-00002903-00003206 i've been following this
gouBl-bWgSQ-00011-00003207-00003431 rabbit hole so to speak uh for a little
gouBl-bWgSQ-00012-00003432-00003551 while now
gouBl-bWgSQ-00013-00003552-00004006 um and i've um found myself
gouBl-bWgSQ-00014-00004007-00004343 disagreeing with some of it agreeing
gouBl-bWgSQ-00015-00004344-00004535 with a lot of it
gouBl-bWgSQ-00016-00004536-00004695 um and the rabbit what i'm talking about
gouBl-bWgSQ-00017-00004696-00004927 is things like um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00018-00004928-00005279 um q anon and all these different sites
gouBl-bWgSQ-00019-00005280-00005599 um and it's they're appearing really
gouBl-bWgSQ-00020-00005600-00005815 because
gouBl-bWgSQ-00021-00005816-00006167 there is a dearth and this lack
gouBl-bWgSQ-00022-00006168-00006583 of truth just truth
gouBl-bWgSQ-00023-00006584-00006919 and politicians
gouBl-bWgSQ-00024-00006920-00007255 seem to think and seem to hold on to
gouBl-bWgSQ-00025-00007256-00007439 that idea that
gouBl-bWgSQ-00026-00007440-00007814 the public must never be told the truth
gouBl-bWgSQ-00027-00007815-00008055 because they just can't understand it or
gouBl-bWgSQ-00028-00008056-00008167 they can't
gouBl-bWgSQ-00029-00008168-00008583 deal with it well i'll tell you what um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00030-00008584-00008719 as
gouBl-bWgSQ-00031-00008720-00009046 my view of politicians which many years
gouBl-bWgSQ-00032-00009047-00009191 ago
gouBl-bWgSQ-00033-00009192-00009542 caused a few um raised eyebrows amongst
gouBl-bWgSQ-00034-00009543-00009727 my friends and family
gouBl-bWgSQ-00035-00009728-00009942 i always considered them to be like
gouBl-bWgSQ-00036-00009943-00010191 second-hand car salesmen
gouBl-bWgSQ-00037-00010192-00010519 you know they had a particular
gouBl-bWgSQ-00038-00010520-00010710 performance they had to perform
gouBl-bWgSQ-00039-00010711-00011078 to sell their goods
gouBl-bWgSQ-00040-00011079-00011351 and they would do everything possible to
gouBl-bWgSQ-00041-00011352-00011431 do that
gouBl-bWgSQ-00042-00011432-00011599 okay i'm not uh hopefully i'm not
gouBl-bWgSQ-00043-00011600-00011823 offending any second-hand
gouBl-bWgSQ-00044-00011824-00012191 car dealers but uh it's a
gouBl-bWgSQ-00045-00012192-00012414 it's a kind of comparison the only
gouBl-bWgSQ-00046-00012415-00012710 comparison i can make
gouBl-bWgSQ-00047-00012711-00012999 but going down these rabbit holes um and
gouBl-bWgSQ-00048-00013000-00013111 looking at
gouBl-bWgSQ-00049-00013112-00013455 many of the channels um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00050-00013456-00013830 going back to the brexit debacle
gouBl-bWgSQ-00051-00013831-00014238 and um and the sheer lies
gouBl-bWgSQ-00052-00014240-00014566 um coming out of the mainstream media
gouBl-bWgSQ-00053-00014568-00014919 and especially the bbc um and i have now
gouBl-bWgSQ-00054-00014919-00014983 stopped
gouBl-bWgSQ-00055-00014984-00015255 watching the bbc altogether i haven't
gouBl-bWgSQ-00056-00015256-00015366 defunded them
gouBl-bWgSQ-00057-00015368-00015527 because this is something i really want
gouBl-bWgSQ-00058-00015528-00015807 to do but my wife bless her
gouBl-bWgSQ-00059-00015808-00016111 can't do without eastenders etc
gouBl-bWgSQ-00060-00016112-00016486 so um it's it's affected our
gouBl-bWgSQ-00061-00016487-00016799 family unit because i won't sit there
gouBl-bWgSQ-00062-00016800-00016871 and watch
gouBl-bWgSQ-00063-00016872-00017207 the bbc so we're um it doesn't mean
gouBl-bWgSQ-00064-00017208-00017327 we're
gouBl-bWgSQ-00065-00017328-00017543 growing apart or anything like that just
gouBl-bWgSQ-00066-00017544-00017694 means that uh
gouBl-bWgSQ-00067-00017695-00018007 as soon as bbc come on i'm out i'm i'm
gouBl-bWgSQ-00068-00018008-00018127 in the other room
gouBl-bWgSQ-00069-00018128-00018447 i'm looking at youtube videos and trying
gouBl-bWgSQ-00070-00018448-00018494 to
gouBl-bWgSQ-00071-00018495-00018791 discover exactly who's saying what and
gouBl-bWgSQ-00072-00018792-00018822 who
gouBl-bWgSQ-00073-00018823-00019158 and who's right um and who is wrong
gouBl-bWgSQ-00074-00019159-00019455 uh and there's quite a lot of it around
gouBl-bWgSQ-00075-00019456-00019639 um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00076-00019640-00019839 i've been following these sort of
gouBl-bWgSQ-00077-00019840-00019983 channels for
gouBl-bWgSQ-00078-00019984-00020391 not since brexit in particular
gouBl-bWgSQ-00079-00020392-00020550 because i believe in brexit and i
gouBl-bWgSQ-00080-00020551-00020719 believe um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00081-00020720-00020975 it started ever since then that um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00082-00020976-00021111 something has
gouBl-bWgSQ-00083-00021112-00021455 gone seriously a mess um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00084-00021456-00021878 with our our standards in public life
gouBl-bWgSQ-00085-00021879-00022294 um and our our principles
gouBl-bWgSQ-00086-00022295-00022607 um and um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00087-00022608-00022919 despite my worst fears i
gouBl-bWgSQ-00088-00022920-00023207 still managed to think there must be
gouBl-bWgSQ-00089-00023208-00023367 something
gouBl-bWgSQ-00090-00023368-00023783 you know to explain this and yet
gouBl-bWgSQ-00091-00023784-00024094 the more i dig the more i come back
gouBl-bWgSQ-00092-00024095-00024407 to the same place and that place is
gouBl-bWgSQ-00093-00024408-00024742 the united nations and that you agenda
gouBl-bWgSQ-00094-00024743-00024807 21
gouBl-bWgSQ-00095-00024808-00025183 and agenda 2030 it
gouBl-bWgSQ-00096-00025184-00025471 every every single rabbit hole i've gone
gouBl-bWgSQ-00097-00025472-00025558 down
gouBl-bWgSQ-00098-00025559-00025967 can be traced back to that every single
gouBl-bWgSQ-00099-00025968-00026183 action that we've seen can be traced
gouBl-bWgSQ-00100-00026183-00026327 back to that
gouBl-bWgSQ-00101-00026327-00026695 and every single action taken by our
gouBl-bWgSQ-00102-00026695-00026927 politicians
gouBl-bWgSQ-00103-00026927-00027295 to accelerate their plans
gouBl-bWgSQ-00104-00027295-00027583 always comes back to their plans so i'm
gouBl-bWgSQ-00105-00027583-00027783 trying not to
gouBl-bWgSQ-00106-00027783-00028143 to you know
gouBl-bWgSQ-00107-00028144-00028351 i'm trying basically to see if there is
gouBl-bWgSQ-00108-00028352-00028495 another
gouBl-bWgSQ-00109-00028495-00028774 um reason for for what we're going
gouBl-bWgSQ-00110-00028775-00028839 through
gouBl-bWgSQ-00111-00028839-00029190 but i can't i can't find any and um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00112-00029191-00029590 and it it's the darkest darkest place
gouBl-bWgSQ-00113-00029591-00029702 that
gouBl-bWgSQ-00114-00029704-00030062 any country or any society
gouBl-bWgSQ-00115-00030063-00030374 or any race even will find itself
gouBl-bWgSQ-00116-00030375-00030758 in um you know the whole
gouBl-bWgSQ-00117-00030760-00031199 that is um eventually genocide basically
gouBl-bWgSQ-00118-00031200-00031518 and i'm not afraid to say that um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00119-00031519-00031967 but i i you know please
gouBl-bWgSQ-00120-00031968-00032270 tell me i'm wrong prove me i'm wrong you
gouBl-bWgSQ-00121-00032272-00032302 know
gouBl-bWgSQ-00122-00032303-00032518 somebody out there proved me i'm wrong
gouBl-bWgSQ-00123-00032519-00032695 but i can't see it
gouBl-bWgSQ-00124-00032695-00032943 everything goes back to those evil
gouBl-bWgSQ-00125-00032944-00033087 people
gouBl-bWgSQ-00126-00033088-00033607 um archbishop vigano
gouBl-bWgSQ-00127-00033608-00033767 wrote a letter to president trump
gouBl-bWgSQ-00128-00033768-00034159 recently and it summed up pretty much
gouBl-bWgSQ-00129-00034160-00034446 the situation we're finding ourselves in
gouBl-bWgSQ-00130-00034447-00034590 is the classic battle
gouBl-bWgSQ-00131-00034591-00034999 of good against evil so we need to
gouBl-bWgSQ-00132-00035000-00035295 choose our sides people and we need to
gouBl-bWgSQ-00133-00035296-00035335 go
gouBl-bWgSQ-00134-00035336-00035702 down the road that we
gouBl-bWgSQ-00135-00035703-00035951 want to see and are prepared to fight
gouBl-bWgSQ-00136-00035952-00036079 for
gouBl-bWgSQ-00137-00036080-00036623 um so as for the mainstream media
gouBl-bWgSQ-00138-00036624-00036959 i think there are lost cause
gouBl-bWgSQ-00139-00036960-00037223 the sooner they disappear the better it
gouBl-bWgSQ-00140-00037224-00037479 is for all of us
gouBl-bWgSQ-00141-00037480-00037862 and before i finish i just want to say
gouBl-bWgSQ-00142-00037863-00038174 that despite everything um
gouBl-bWgSQ-00143-00038175-00038518 hope has got to be the only way
gouBl-bWgSQ-00144-00038519-00038727 and we must hope but we must get
gouBl-bWgSQ-00145-00038728-00038974 together as well we must stand together
gouBl-bWgSQ-00146-00038975-00039423 as people okay as people
gouBl-bWgSQ-00147-00039424-00039759 anna you've done a fantastic job
gouBl-bWgSQ-00148-00039760-00040118 so far and i
gouBl-bWgSQ-00149-00040119-00040407 fingers crossed i hope your channel does
gouBl-bWgSQ-00150-00040408-00040567 not get taken down
gouBl-bWgSQ-00151-00040568-00040743 like so many of the other channels have
gouBl-bWgSQ-00152-00040744-00040887 been taken down
gouBl-bWgSQ-00153-00040888-00041143 so i'll be watching this space and
gouBl-bWgSQ-00154-00041144-00041262 watching your channel
gouBl-bWgSQ-00155-00041263-00041590 which i do almost whenever a new video
gouBl-bWgSQ-00156-00041591-00041711 comes out
gouBl-bWgSQ-00157-00041712-00042023 so apart from that i hope
gouBl-bWgSQ-00158-00042024-00042343 you all stay safe and
gouBl-bWgSQ-00159-00042344-00042743 don't follow the rules
gouBl-bWgSQ-00160-00042744-00043183 that don't seem right to you
gouBl-bWgSQ-00161-00043184-00043616 thank you bye
gocEAmuJScc-00000-00000065-00000301 this is an inclusive list of science
gocEAmuJScc-00001-00000302-00000527 fiction television programs whose names
gocEAmuJScc-00002-00000528-00001234 begin with the letter Z
gocEAmuJScc-00003-00001235-00001704 topic Z
gocEAmuJScc-00004-00001705-00002376 live-action znation 2014 to 2018 us Zack
gocEAmuJScc-00005-00002377-00002851 files the 2000 to 2002 Canada Zombieland
gocEAmuJScc-00006-00002852-00003288 2013 pilot zantar the thing from Venus
gocEAmuJScc-00007-00003289-00003665 aka zantar the invader from Venus 1966
gocEAmuJScc-00008-00003667-00004122 film animated zigga Payne 2006 Japan
gocEAmuJScc-00009-00004123-00004629 animated Centrex 2003 2004 Hong Kong
gocEAmuJScc-00010-00004630-00005091 animated Zeta project the 2001 2002
gocEAmuJScc-00011-00005092-00005618 animated zet Minh 2012 Japan animated
gocEAmuJScc-00012-00005619-00006177 0-3 2010 2011 animated zilean aka red
gocEAmuJScc-00013-00006178-00006673 photon zillion 1987 Japan animated 6
gocEAmuJScc-00014-00006675-00007094 2004 to 2009 Canada partly animated
gocEAmuJScc-00015-00007095-00007571 Zorro generation Z 2008 2009 Germany
gocEAmuJScc-00016-00007572-00007869 animated
g03FN2sImG8-00000-00000032-00000303 three two one some say
g03FN2sImG8-00001-00000304-00000567 youth is wasted on the young but then
g03FN2sImG8-00002-00000568-00000671 there are some
g03FN2sImG8-00003-00000672-00000919 that use it as fuel to burn blue flame
g03FN2sImG8-00004-00000919-00001047 hot in business
g03FN2sImG8-00005-00001048-00001319 and end up employing thousands making
g03FN2sImG8-00006-00001320-00001391 millions
g03FN2sImG8-00007-00001392-00001647 and affecting the lives of billions
g03FN2sImG8-00008-00001648-00001791 people the world over
g03FN2sImG8-00009-00001792-00002055 know those entrepreneurs by last name
g03FN2sImG8-00010-00002056-00002151 only
g03FN2sImG8-00011-00002152-00002510 zuckerberg gates musk and if you haven't
g03FN2sImG8-00012-00002511-00002583 already
g03FN2sImG8-00013-00002584-00002815 it's time to add our guest on venture
g03FN2sImG8-00014-00002816-00002902 the world today
g03FN2sImG8-00015-00002903-00003295 to your list ian abuji he co-founded
g03FN2sImG8-00016-00003296-00003406 flutterwave
g03FN2sImG8-00017-00003407-00003631 y combinator's most valuable african
g03FN2sImG8-00018-00003632-00003711 startup
g03FN2sImG8-00019-00003711-00003911 and andela a software training
g03FN2sImG8-00020-00003911-00004063 development firm
g03FN2sImG8-00021-00004064-00004270 both considered companies that will be
g03FN2sImG8-00022-00004271-00004511 crowned the next crop of unicorns after
g03FN2sImG8-00023-00004512-00004575 raising
g03FN2sImG8-00024-00004576-00004886 millions we begin our conversation
g03FN2sImG8-00025-00004887-00005102 in the halls of university of waterloo
g03FN2sImG8-00026-00005103-00005263 where ian started
g03FN2sImG8-00027-00005264-00005559 and he details how he identifies
g03FN2sImG8-00028-00005560-00005670 co-founders
g03FN2sImG8-00029-00005671-00005943 pitches top silicon valley investors and
g03FN2sImG8-00030-00005944-00006191 is now building the next big thing
g03FN2sImG8-00031-00006192-00006439 with future africa fund investing in
g03FN2sImG8-00032-00006440-00006639 africa's game-changing companies
g03FN2sImG8-00033-00006640-00006798 building a better future
g03FN2sImG8-00034-00006800-00007023 for the world if you ever wondered what
g03FN2sImG8-00035-00007023-00007191 the journey of a serial entrepreneur
g03FN2sImG8-00036-00007192-00007295 really looks like
g03FN2sImG8-00037-00007295-00007606 or wanted to get funding from iboyaji's
g03FN2sImG8-00038-00007608-00007951 rolling vc fund future africa then this
g03FN2sImG8-00039-00007952-00008087 episode is for you
g03FN2sImG8-00040-00008088-00008367 after the show please go to our website
g03FN2sImG8-00041-00008368-00008483 at
g03FN2sImG8-00042-00008484-00008787 venturetheworld.com or
g03FN2sImG8-00043-00008788-00008927 africa.businessinsider.com
g03FN2sImG8-00044-00008928-00009174 for additional information related to
g03FN2sImG8-00045-00009175-00009295 ian abuji
g03FN2sImG8-00046-00009296-00009591 and all of our other guests this episode
g03FN2sImG8-00047-00009592-00009719 of venture the world
g03FN2sImG8-00048-00009720-00009895 is made in partnership with business
g03FN2sImG8-00049-00009896-00010174 insider africa the leading pan-african
g03FN2sImG8-00050-00010175-00010359 innovative business news provider
g03FN2sImG8-00051-00010360-00010583 targeting aspirational business leaders
g03FN2sImG8-00052-00010584-00010783 and featuring the latest innovation
g03FN2sImG8-00053-00010784-00010983 technology and business news from
g03FN2sImG8-00054-00010984-00011271 africa alongside features on lifestyle
g03FN2sImG8-00055-00011272-00011335 markets
g03FN2sImG8-00056-00011336-00011614 and more verticals today on venture the
g03FN2sImG8-00057-00011615-00011663 world
g03FN2sImG8-00058-00011664-00011983 we have our illustrious guests
g03FN2sImG8-00059-00011984-00012310 ian or as some people call him he
g03FN2sImG8-00060-00012311-00012646 he's one of the top founders
g03FN2sImG8-00061-00012647-00012863 throughout africa we're really excited
g03FN2sImG8-00062-00012863-00013094 i'm personally i'm very excited to
g03FN2sImG8-00063-00013095-00013422 be able to speak to you today especially
g03FN2sImG8-00064-00013423-00013679 because your story is very well known
g03FN2sImG8-00065-00013680-00013975 throughout in startup circles but a lot
g03FN2sImG8-00066-00013976-00014086 of people don't know
g03FN2sImG8-00067-00014087-00014343 about the businesses that you have
g03FN2sImG8-00068-00014344-00014415 created
g03FN2sImG8-00069-00014416-00014655 in africa and your storied history in
g03FN2sImG8-00070-00014656-00014838 the african startup landscape so
g03FN2sImG8-00071-00014840-00015022 i'm glad to introduce you and what
g03FN2sImG8-00072-00015023-00015166 you're working on today
g03FN2sImG8-00073-00015168-00015343 awesome we're excited to have you on
g03FN2sImG8-00074-00015344-00015511 we've been anxious to speak with you we
g03FN2sImG8-00075-00015512-00015735 have questions in from idris bello from
g03FN2sImG8-00076-00015736-00015807 african
g03FN2sImG8-00077-00015808-00015999 preneur fund and chris wallace of great
g03FN2sImG8-00078-00016000-00016119 crawf3c
g03FN2sImG8-00079-00016119-00016215 and we thank them for their
g03FN2sImG8-00080-00016216-00016511 contributions before we get started and
g03FN2sImG8-00081-00016512-00016822 we reference this in the intro but can
g03FN2sImG8-00082-00016823-00017055 you tell us a little bit more about your
g03FN2sImG8-00083-00017056-00017127 background
g03FN2sImG8-00084-00017128-00017383 and how you came to start the companies
g03FN2sImG8-00085-00017384-00017447 that you
g03FN2sImG8-00086-00017448-00017647 have and what brought you to future
g03FN2sImG8-00087-00017648-00017791 africa fun today
g03FN2sImG8-00088-00017792-00018039 so i've been in the venture game for 10
g03FN2sImG8-00089-00018040-00018103 years
g03FN2sImG8-00090-00018104-00018350 started in university the way i came up
g03FN2sImG8-00091-00018351-00018455 on venture was actually pretty
g03FN2sImG8-00092-00018456-00018575 fortuitous
g03FN2sImG8-00093-00018576-00018750 my venture i mean entrepreneurship not
g03FN2sImG8-00094-00018751-00018975 venture capital so i had a friend who i
g03FN2sImG8-00095-00018976-00019135 met on first day of school
g03FN2sImG8-00096-00019136-00019375 funny incident was he asked me to stay
g03FN2sImG8-00097-00019376-00019455 at mine
g03FN2sImG8-00098-00019456-00019622 the first day of school because he had
g03FN2sImG8-00099-00019623-00019775 some accommodation issues
g03FN2sImG8-00100-00019776-00019935 and then we became friends after that
g03FN2sImG8-00101-00019936-00020135 his name was pierre we lost touch
g03FN2sImG8-00102-00020136-00020327 because my school runs something called
g03FN2sImG8-00103-00020328-00020527 cooperative education program so pretty
g03FN2sImG8-00104-00020528-00020711 much he spent three months out of a year
g03FN2sImG8-00105-00020712-00020894 in school and the rest of it working for
g03FN2sImG8-00106-00020895-00021014 an employer
g03FN2sImG8-00107-00021015-00021175 and he had the luck of going to work in
g03FN2sImG8-00108-00021176-00021399 silicon valley for an employer
g03FN2sImG8-00109-00021400-00021575 with a company called adepar which was
g03FN2sImG8-00110-00021576-00021814 run by a guy called joe lonsdale who's
g03FN2sImG8-00111-00021815-00022078 part of the paper mafia he had gone and
g03FN2sImG8-00112-00022079-00022247 i had gone into the publishing world i
g03FN2sImG8-00113-00022248-00022414 was running the school newspaper and we
g03FN2sImG8-00114-00022415-00022527 just jammed one day
g03FN2sImG8-00115-00022528-00022727 in second year and he was telling me all
g03FN2sImG8-00116-00022728-00022839 this stuff about
g03FN2sImG8-00117-00022840-00022983 his life in silicon valley and how
g03FN2sImG8-00118-00022984-00023191 amazing it was and how they slept on the
g03FN2sImG8-00119-00023192-00023342 desks to get products out
g03FN2sImG8-00120-00023343-00023558 it was amazing and i loved it even
g03FN2sImG8-00121-00023559-00023703 though it sounded terrible
g03FN2sImG8-00122-00023704-00023919 on further recollection i was intrigued
g03FN2sImG8-00123-00023920-00024007 by it and
g03FN2sImG8-00124-00024008-00024199 around the same time the social network
g03FN2sImG8-00125-00024200-00024350 which was about mark zuckerberg came out
g03FN2sImG8-00126-00024351-00024503 and we went and watched it together and
g03FN2sImG8-00127-00024504-00024671 i was so determined after that
g03FN2sImG8-00128-00024672-00024878 that would start a successful company
g03FN2sImG8-00129-00024879-00024991 and we did
g03FN2sImG8-00130-00024992-00025191 we started a successful company we
g03FN2sImG8-00131-00025192-00025311 started a company that didn't end up
g03FN2sImG8-00132-00025312-00025399 being very successful called
g03FN2sImG8-00133-00025400-00025618 booknetwork.com
g03FN2sImG8-00134-00025619-00025902 booknet2.com ended up getting sold to
g03FN2sImG8-00135-00025904-00026150 a third-party investor but that was
g03FN2sImG8-00136-00026151-00026279 pretty much how i caught the bug and
g03FN2sImG8-00137-00026280-00026399 from then on i was pretty much
g03FN2sImG8-00138-00026400-00026679 unemployable i moved to nigeria in 2013
g03FN2sImG8-00139-00026680-00026918 to try to do another e-learning company
g03FN2sImG8-00140-00026919-00027046 that didn't work out because of
g03FN2sImG8-00141-00027047-00027246 regulation and it's amazing to see now
g03FN2sImG8-00142-00027247-00027455 that the ministry of education which
g03FN2sImG8-00143-00027456-00027631 um has been a stumbling block against
g03FN2sImG8-00144-00027632-00027823 e-learning all of a sudden has to adapt
g03FN2sImG8-00145-00027824-00027951 it right away
g03FN2sImG8-00146-00027952-00028214 amazing blessings of the of the covet
g03FN2sImG8-00147-00028216-00028302 19.
g03FN2sImG8-00148-00028304-00028543 but we pivoted and started to sell mba
g03FN2sImG8-00149-00028544-00028646 programs
g03FN2sImG8-00150-00028647-00028895 online mba programs and that worked out
g03FN2sImG8-00151-00028895-00028958 until
g03FN2sImG8-00152-00028960-00029255 i met jeremy new york after also another
g03FN2sImG8-00153-00029256-00029351 long hiatus
g03FN2sImG8-00154-00029352-00029479 we had been friends before and
g03FN2sImG8-00155-00029480-00029727 reconnected and we started andela
g03FN2sImG8-00156-00029727-00029895 whose story is well known together i say
g03FN2sImG8-00157-00029895-00030118 this to say if i hadn't met pierre i
g03FN2sImG8-00158-00030119-00030183 would be
g03FN2sImG8-00159-00030183-00030431 a professor of competition law shooting
g03FN2sImG8-00160-00030432-00030583 governments for discriminating against
g03FN2sImG8-00161-00030583-00030695 foreign companies
g03FN2sImG8-00162-00030695-00030958 wow that's two quite different paths
g03FN2sImG8-00163-00030960-00031095 exactly so you were in
g03FN2sImG8-00164-00031095-00031431 canada right yeah i was yeah and then
g03FN2sImG8-00165-00031432-00031670 you came from nigeria you went to canada
g03FN2sImG8-00166-00031672-00031846 and you were a student and you
g03FN2sImG8-00167-00031847-00032055 caught the entrepreneurship club that's
g03FN2sImG8-00168-00032056-00032151 a story
g03FN2sImG8-00169-00032152-00032327 that really needs to be double clicked
g03FN2sImG8-00170-00032327-00032502 on when you were doing that
g03FN2sImG8-00171-00032503-00032743 and your story of starting a business
g03FN2sImG8-00172-00032744-00032862 and then going
g03FN2sImG8-00173-00032863-00033055 a little bit further and selling that
g03FN2sImG8-00174-00033056-00033190 business did you see
g03FN2sImG8-00175-00033191-00033439 other people on the same path how did
g03FN2sImG8-00176-00033440-00033535 you
g03FN2sImG8-00177-00033536-00033735 know that you could do this and not feel
g03FN2sImG8-00178-00033736-00033846 unfettered by
g03FN2sImG8-00179-00033847-00034046 anything else that's a great question
g03FN2sImG8-00180-00034047-00034215 i'll tell you one experience i had which
g03FN2sImG8-00181-00034216-00034255 was
g03FN2sImG8-00182-00034256-00034446 pretty amazing when i got to canada in
g03FN2sImG8-00183-00034447-00034583 2010
g03FN2sImG8-00184-00034584-00034774 blackberry was on the decline and
g03FN2sImG8-00185-00034775-00034959 anybody who knows university of waterloo
g03FN2sImG8-00186-00034960-00035118 and the waterloo community well news
g03FN2sImG8-00187-00035119-00035279 that blackberry was the center of this
g03FN2sImG8-00188-00035280-00035374 community
g03FN2sImG8-00189-00035375-00035702 since 1994. so that was all people did
g03FN2sImG8-00190-00035703-00035767 people worked
g03FN2sImG8-00191-00035768-00035974 blackberry their whole lives in a really
g03FN2sImG8-00192-00035975-00036118 strange town
g03FN2sImG8-00193-00036119-00036302 you went to waterloo or laurier and then
g03FN2sImG8-00194-00036303-00036439 worked for blackberry the rest of your
g03FN2sImG8-00195-00036440-00036630 life and never saw the outside world
g03FN2sImG8-00196-00036631-00036846 iphone basically killed blackberry i had
g03FN2sImG8-00197-00036847-00037095 a bit of a front seat to that disaster
g03FN2sImG8-00198-00037096-00037246 and then people were wondering okay
g03FN2sImG8-00199-00037247-00037462 what's next what happens to this region
g03FN2sImG8-00200-00037463-00037702 now there was an entrepreneur called ted
g03FN2sImG8-00201-00037703-00037862 livingston but he started a company
g03FN2sImG8-00202-00037863-00038007 called kik they're still alive
g03FN2sImG8-00203-00038008-00038183 he had the foresight to invest in the
g03FN2sImG8-00204-00038184-00038399 region by creating this fellowship
g03FN2sImG8-00205-00038400-00038455 called
g03FN2sImG8-00206-00038456-00038695 velocity at the university of waterloo
g03FN2sImG8-00207-00038696-00038855 and i was part of the velocity program
g03FN2sImG8-00208-00038856-00039015 the first class of velocity people
g03FN2sImG8-00209-00039016-00039190 other people like pebble i don't know if
g03FN2sImG8-00210-00039191-00039439 you guys remember that wearable watch
g03FN2sImG8-00211-00039440-00039679 pebble came out of that i think i was
g03FN2sImG8-00212-00039680-00039879 there at the same time at vitalik
g03FN2sImG8-00213-00039880-00040102 who invented ethereum i think no one
g03FN2sImG8-00214-00040103-00040399 ever knows with famous people
g03FN2sImG8-00215-00040400-00040535 there was a bunch of other companies
g03FN2sImG8-00216-00040536-00040711 like pear mobile they were back in the
g03FN2sImG8-00217-00040712-00040902 day when the rage was having an app you
g03FN2sImG8-00218-00040903-00041071 shared only with your wife or with your
g03FN2sImG8-00219-00041072-00041223 significant other they were the first to
g03FN2sImG8-00220-00041224-00041399 do one-to-one apps it's kind of a
g03FN2sImG8-00221-00041400-00041527 strange idea
g03FN2sImG8-00222-00041528-00041711 but anyway they love amazing companies
g03FN2sImG8-00223-00041712-00041862 founded that time one of those companies
g03FN2sImG8-00224-00041863-00041967 was buffer box
g03FN2sImG8-00225-00041968-00042158 now one day we used to have a joke we
g03FN2sImG8-00226-00042159-00042335 work five to nine
g03FN2sImG8-00227-00042336-00042558 which means you start your work at five
g03FN2sImG8-00228-00042559-00042671 am in the morning
g03FN2sImG8-00229-00042672-00042855 and you work till nine pm and then
g03FN2sImG8-00230-00042856-00043015 sometimes you even stayed overnight so
g03FN2sImG8-00231-00043016-00043199 i came into the office super early one
g03FN2sImG8-00232-00043200-00043407 morning and so my office was cordoned
g03FN2sImG8-00233-00043408-00043430 off
g03FN2sImG8-00234-00043431-00043599 and asked okay what's going on here did
g03FN2sImG8-00235-00043600-00043735 somebody die because
g03FN2sImG8-00236-00043736-00043943 at the time also it was very depressing
g03FN2sImG8-00237-00043944-00044079 people were really impressed to be
g03FN2sImG8-00238-00044080-00044127 honest
g03FN2sImG8-00239-00044128-00044311 because it was just a hard journey and
g03FN2sImG8-00240-00044312-00044502 entrepreneurship wasn't easy for anybody
g03FN2sImG8-00241-00044503-00044639 and people were butting their heads
g03FN2sImG8-00242-00044640-00044790 against the wall so i thought maybe
g03FN2sImG8-00243-00044791-00044999 somebody finally captured it and then i
g03FN2sImG8-00244-00045000-00045135 asked the police what's going on and
g03FN2sImG8-00245-00045136-00045287 they were oh we can talk about it now so
g03FN2sImG8-00246-00045288-00045430 i went to tim hortons
g03FN2sImG8-00247-00045431-00045623 right next door and just honked there
g03FN2sImG8-00248-00045624-00045871 for a bit then i came out around eight
g03FN2sImG8-00249-00045872-00046039 when i suspected more people would be
g03FN2sImG8-00250-00046040-00046143 around and
g03FN2sImG8-00251-00046144-00046343 they were telling me oh you didn't hear
g03FN2sImG8-00252-00046344-00046479 about the news it's on all the
g03FN2sImG8-00253-00046480-00046583 newspapers
g03FN2sImG8-00254-00046584-00046743 buffer box which was sitting right next
g03FN2sImG8-00255-00046744-00046886 to you got bought by google for 30
g03FN2sImG8-00256-00046887-00047071 million dollars
g03FN2sImG8-00257-00047072-00047286 and that experience i never forgot and
g03FN2sImG8-00258-00047287-00047415 it completely changed my view of
g03FN2sImG8-00259-00047416-00047527 entrepreneurship
g03FN2sImG8-00260-00047528-00047679 because if these guys can do it they
g03FN2sImG8-00261-00047680-00047895 were right beside me i can do it too so
g03FN2sImG8-00262-00047896-00048062 i'm going to die trying at this thing
g03FN2sImG8-00263-00048063-00048255 so that really shaped my
g03FN2sImG8-00264-00048256-00048407 entrepreneurship where
g03FN2sImG8-00265-00048408-00048607 seeing all these possibilities happen so
g03FN2sImG8-00266-00048608-00048727 close to me
g03FN2sImG8-00267-00048728-00049007 made me more aware of the fact that it
g03FN2sImG8-00268-00049008-00049174 was possible to do and then i read a
g03FN2sImG8-00269-00049175-00049215 book
g03FN2sImG8-00270-00049216-00049358 that i still recommend to new
g03FN2sImG8-00271-00049359-00049574 entrepreneurs today the book is about
g03FN2sImG8-00272-00049575-00049727 founders i think it's called founders at
g03FN2sImG8-00273-00049728-00049783 work
g03FN2sImG8-00274-00049784-00049974 it's really good book it just tells you
g03FN2sImG8-00275-00049975-00050151 the stories of 30 different innovators
g03FN2sImG8-00276-00050152-00050295 this is how they started
g03FN2sImG8-00277-00050296-00050511 this is what they did i knew these
g03FN2sImG8-00278-00050512-00050599 people are no
g03FN2sImG8-00279-00050600-00050839 smarter than me or there's no special
g03FN2sImG8-00280-00050840-00050967 whatever that they're doing
g03FN2sImG8-00281-00050968-00051174 so that made it more relatable for me so
g03FN2sImG8-00282-00051175-00051302 i think those were the experiences that
g03FN2sImG8-00283-00051303-00051454 really shaped me waterloo did a great
g03FN2sImG8-00284-00051455-00051535 job
g03FN2sImG8-00285-00051536-00051775 with respect to entrepreneurship okay so
g03FN2sImG8-00286-00051776-00051950 you already had a startup you met jeremy
g03FN2sImG8-00287-00051951-00051999 johnson
g03FN2sImG8-00288-00052000-00052287 who had just exited his own education
g03FN2sImG8-00289-00052288-00052414 startup at 2u
g03FN2sImG8-00290-00052415-00052550 well at the time you know what was
g03FN2sImG8-00291-00052551-00052679 really funny about when i met him he
g03FN2sImG8-00292-00052679-00052726 hadn't
g03FN2sImG8-00293-00052727-00052999 exited he had just taken it public yeah
g03FN2sImG8-00294-00053000-00053047 so
g03FN2sImG8-00295-00053048-00053223 even the meeting itself was a miracle
g03FN2sImG8-00296-00053224-00053415 because so here's the guy
g03FN2sImG8-00297-00053416-00053735 his birthday was a week off and he just
g03FN2sImG8-00298-00053736-00053959 appealed the company and he still found
g03FN2sImG8-00299-00053960-00054054 time to meet with me
g03FN2sImG8-00300-00054055-00054199 i wasn't expecting him to have time
g03FN2sImG8-00301-00054200-00054494 honestly so you have this meeting
g03FN2sImG8-00302-00054495-00054679 and you're telling them about your
g03FN2sImG8-00303-00054679-00054959 concept yeah had he ever been to
g03FN2sImG8-00304-00054960-00055247 nigeria before or were you telling him
g03FN2sImG8-00305-00055248-00055335 about this
g03FN2sImG8-00306-00055336-00055623 land of opportunity and convinced him in
g03FN2sImG8-00307-00055624-00055687 the room
g03FN2sImG8-00308-00055688-00055847 yeah i mean he'd never been to niger
g03FN2sImG8-00309-00055848-00056030 before but he had been to kenya
g03FN2sImG8-00310-00056032-00056207 and he had started to get a glimpse of
g03FN2sImG8-00311-00056208-00056342 how africa worked
g03FN2sImG8-00312-00056344-00056487 there was a lot of selling to do but it
g03FN2sImG8-00313-00056488-00056638 wasn't hard because nigeria is the kind
g03FN2sImG8-00314-00056639-00056726 of place where
g03FN2sImG8-00315-00056727-00056871 if you're radically honest about the
g03FN2sImG8-00316-00056872-00057007 place the other person can make a
g03FN2sImG8-00317-00057008-00057191 decision it's it's a place of incredible
g03FN2sImG8-00318-00057191-00057263 opportunity
g03FN2sImG8-00319-00057264-00057535 and incredible challenges yeah i mean i
g03FN2sImG8-00320-00057536-00057607 always say
g03FN2sImG8-00321-00057608-00057942 that if you're ranking hard medium
g03FN2sImG8-00322-00057944-00058247 and light for countries in africa
g03FN2sImG8-00323-00058248-00058647 nigeria is africa medium not africa
g03FN2sImG8-00324-00058648-00058830 africa medium medium that sounds very
g03FN2sImG8-00325-00058832-00058966 generous i would have said is there
g03FN2sImG8-00326-00058967-00058999 something
g03FN2sImG8-00327-00059000-00059166 more difficult than hard but the thing
g03FN2sImG8-00328-00059167-00059342 that makes nigeria work is that it's
g03FN2sImG8-00329-00059344-00059438 worth the risk
g03FN2sImG8-00330-00059439-00059679 you know what i mean and if you get it
g03FN2sImG8-00331-00059679-00059838 right in nigeria
g03FN2sImG8-00332-00059839-00060103 it's literally like being ddosed
g03FN2sImG8-00333-00060104-00060271 everything seems like a joke to you when
g03FN2sImG8-00334-00060272-00060479 you go to like kenya and ghana
g03FN2sImG8-00335-00060479-00060782 no one's trying to cheat you you know so
g03FN2sImG8-00336-00060783-00060966 i feel like when you make something work
g03FN2sImG8-00337-00060967-00061087 in nigeria
g03FN2sImG8-00338-00061088-00061254 no one can stop you anywhere else on the
g03FN2sImG8-00339-00061255-00061447 continent at least that's been my
g03FN2sImG8-00340-00061448-00061575 experience
g03FN2sImG8-00341-00061576-00061926 so andela has become this massive
g03FN2sImG8-00342-00061927-00062294 almost a unicorn in africa and then
g03FN2sImG8-00343-00062295-00062550 you leave that and i guess you get the
g03FN2sImG8-00344-00062551-00062615 bug
g03FN2sImG8-00345-00062616-00063063 and you start flutter wave
g03FN2sImG8-00346-00063064-00063238 one of the big pushes i was i had at
g03FN2sImG8-00347-00063239-00063511 andela was servicing more local clients
g03FN2sImG8-00348-00063512-00063679 and i was trying to understand why we
g03FN2sImG8-00349-00063679-00063830 weren't getting more software jobs from
g03FN2sImG8-00350-00063832-00063999 the local startup community
g03FN2sImG8-00351-00064000-00064142 and and it boiled down to they couldn't
g03FN2sImG8-00352-00064144-00064342 make money basically right most of them
g03FN2sImG8-00353-00064344-00064535 had to rely on partnerships or
g03FN2sImG8-00354-00064536-00064711 subscription or service agreements with
g03FN2sImG8-00355-00064712-00064879 larger companies and if you have one
g03FN2sImG8-00356-00064879-00065063 customer what do you need payments
g03FN2sImG8-00357-00065064-00065311 we engaged in particular with this bank
g03FN2sImG8-00358-00065312-00065423 access bank
g03FN2sImG8-00359-00065424-00065631 while i was at andela and tried to build
g03FN2sImG8-00360-00065632-00065726 them something
g03FN2sImG8-00361-00065727-00066055 called payrecapture and i met them for
g03FN2sImG8-00362-00066056-00066223 florida wave on that project
g03FN2sImG8-00363-00066224-00066423 and you we talked a lot i was guiding
g03FN2sImG8-00364-00066424-00066559 their accounts i was trying to help them
g03FN2sImG8-00365-00066560-00066719 see opportunities
g03FN2sImG8-00366-00066720-00066894 trying to you know identify challenges
g03FN2sImG8-00367-00066895-00067038 and build rapport
g03FN2sImG8-00368-00067039-00067223 and it just occurred to me that the
g03FN2sImG8-00369-00067224-00067391 problem was solving was really important
g03FN2sImG8-00370-00067392-00067550 but i wasn't quite made up yet i had a
g03FN2sImG8-00371-00067551-00067638 lot of options
g03FN2sImG8-00372-00067639-00067815 after doing andela and i wanted to
g03FN2sImG8-00373-00067816-00067982 pursue some of those options
g03FN2sImG8-00374-00067983-00068182 including going to business school and
g03FN2sImG8-00375-00068183-00068350 then what happened was
g03FN2sImG8-00376-00068351-00068535 the guys that pay with capture then put
g03FN2sImG8-00377-00068536-00068679 out this event
g03FN2sImG8-00378-00068680-00068991 where it was like a three-hour show
g03FN2sImG8-00379-00068992-00069135 where they were all just complaining
g03FN2sImG8-00380-00069136-00069375 about payments i think honey gooding was
g03FN2sImG8-00381-00069376-00069503 there oh was there
g03FN2sImG8-00382-00069504-00069694 a bunch of other folks in the ecosystem
g03FN2sImG8-00383-00069695-00069943 and i was sick to my stomach man i was
g03FN2sImG8-00384-00069944-00069991 like
g03FN2sImG8-00385-00069992-00070175 you guys are gonna sit here for three
g03FN2sImG8-00386-00070176-00070406 hours and just complain about payments
g03FN2sImG8-00387-00070407-00070559 and so i was like if we solve this
g03FN2sImG8-00388-00070560-00070743 payment issue you're all good right
g03FN2sImG8-00389-00070744-00071038 like we're all good and it was like yeah
g03FN2sImG8-00390-00071039-00071167 this is the only problem we have
g03FN2sImG8-00391-00071168-00071343 i thought okay no problem that day i
g03FN2sImG8-00392-00071344-00071511 just knew i was going to have to
g03FN2sImG8-00393-00071512-00071743 leave mandela and go and solve that
g03FN2sImG8-00394-00071744-00071823 problem
g03FN2sImG8-00395-00071824-00071991 to be fair they were right solving the
g03FN2sImG8-00396-00071992-00072247 payments issue unlocked a whole bunch of
g03FN2sImG8-00397-00072248-00072406 opportunity for the entire ecosystem
g03FN2sImG8-00398-00072407-00072526 that was still enjoying the
g03FN2sImG8-00399-00072527-00072903 state so on both andela and flutter wave
g03FN2sImG8-00400-00072904-00073223 you've raised money and were you able to
g03FN2sImG8-00401-00073224-00073462 expand to different african countries
g03FN2sImG8-00402-00073463-00073694 basically experiencing those different
g03FN2sImG8-00403-00073695-00074055 regional markets yeah so how did you
g03FN2sImG8-00404-00074056-00074350 decide when doing that when to enter
g03FN2sImG8-00405-00074351-00074399 those new
g03FN2sImG8-00406-00074400-00074511 countries you were building these
g03FN2sImG8-00407-00074512-00074703 businesses they were raising capital
g03FN2sImG8-00408-00074704-00074911 yeah how were those decisions made to
g03FN2sImG8-00409-00074912-00075006 expand
g03FN2sImG8-00410-00075007-00075223 yeah it's usually a matrix and the
g03FN2sImG8-00411-00075224-00075319 matrix is
g03FN2sImG8-00412-00075320-00075494 on the one hand what's the size of the
g03FN2sImG8-00413-00075495-00075671 market nobody wants to go into a very
g03FN2sImG8-00414-00075672-00075767 small market
g03FN2sImG8-00415-00075768-00075982 that can't take on their costs then the
g03FN2sImG8-00416-00075983-00076119 other question is usually what's the
g03FN2sImG8-00417-00076120-00076303 opportunity in the market
g03FN2sImG8-00418-00076304-00076526 which means which customers are there
g03FN2sImG8-00419-00076527-00076750 and ready to welcome you with open hands
g03FN2sImG8-00420-00076751-00076887 which partners are there and ready to
g03FN2sImG8-00421-00076888-00077079 welcome your open hands sometimes
g03FN2sImG8-00422-00077080-00077223 which governments are there and ready to
g03FN2sImG8-00423-00077224-00077382 welcome you with open hands
g03FN2sImG8-00424-00077383-00077582 so that's the only thing and then i'll
g03FN2sImG8-00425-00077583-00077855 take the third factor was really one of
g03FN2sImG8-00426-00077856-00078079 being able to find the talent to be able
g03FN2sImG8-00427-00078080-00078271 to kick off in that country
g03FN2sImG8-00428-00078272-00078423 so in some countries you just couldn't
g03FN2sImG8-00429-00078424-00078575 find the talent and
g03FN2sImG8-00430-00078576-00078759 you didn't have anybody that was prepped
g03FN2sImG8-00431-00078760-00078879 enough or
g03FN2sImG8-00432-00078880-00079126 ready to move to another country so
g03FN2sImG8-00433-00079127-00079271 those three things we would basically
g03FN2sImG8-00434-00079272-00079494 matrix and then figure out what works
g03FN2sImG8-00435-00079495-00079679 and then attempt an experiment and see
g03FN2sImG8-00436-00079680-00079855 how it goes before we then do a
g03FN2sImG8-00437-00079856-00079975 full-blown
g03FN2sImG8-00438-00079976-00080182 okay and then that brings us to the
g03FN2sImG8-00439-00080183-00080326 future africa
g03FN2sImG8-00440-00080327-00080550 yeah uh i remember reaching out to you
g03FN2sImG8-00441-00080551-00080671 on twitter
g03FN2sImG8-00442-00080672-00080919 and telling you after you said that you
g03FN2sImG8-00443-00080920-00081006 were leaving
g03FN2sImG8-00444-00081007-00081375 flutter way saying that if you started a
g03FN2sImG8-00445-00081376-00081503 venture studio
g03FN2sImG8-00446-00081504-00081750 or anything like that there will be
g03FN2sImG8-00447-00081751-00081975 plenty of dollars that want to follow
g03FN2sImG8-00448-00081976-00082062 you
g03FN2sImG8-00449-00082063-00082271 the way it worked out for me was i i had
g03FN2sImG8-00450-00082272-00082375 a kit and
g03FN2sImG8-00451-00082376-00082623 i wanted to be very close to home as
g03FN2sImG8-00452-00082624-00082799 much as venture is amazing and
g03FN2sImG8-00453-00082800-00082999 i love it it does take it so long
g03FN2sImG8-00454-00083000-00083118 especially when you're building at the
g03FN2sImG8-00455-00083119-00083279 speed we're building that now let's just
g03FN2sImG8-00456-00083280-00083415 take a break and do something that was
g03FN2sImG8-00457-00083416-00083511 just not
g03FN2sImG8-00458-00083512-00083718 tech or venture but the reality was it
g03FN2sImG8-00459-00083719-00083894 was just this gaping hole in the market
g03FN2sImG8-00460-00083895-00084199 and the more i saw capital flow in the
g03FN2sImG8-00461-00084200-00084359 more alarmed i was even though i was
g03FN2sImG8-00462-00084360-00084526 excited about it because
g03FN2sImG8-00463-00084527-00084879 the capital flowing in was reducing seed
g03FN2sImG8-00464-00084880-00084959 funding
g03FN2sImG8-00465-00084960-00085255 basically we have this chart where
g03FN2sImG8-00466-00085256-00085326 capital
g03FN2sImG8-00467-00085327-00085559 is flowing in so there's more capital
g03FN2sImG8-00468-00085560-00085750 but seed funding as a proportion of
g03FN2sImG8-00469-00085751-00085855 capital
g03FN2sImG8-00470-00085856-00086103 is reducing which makes no sense because
g03FN2sImG8-00471-00086104-00086247 if there's more capital
g03FN2sImG8-00472-00086248-00086415 aren't people thinking about pipeline
g03FN2sImG8-00473-00086416-00086550 are really thinking about who are they
g03FN2sImG8-00474-00086551-00086671 going to invest in next are they all
g03FN2sImG8-00475-00086672-00086815 going to just crowd at the top and blow
g03FN2sImG8-00476-00086816-00086950 up the valuations
g03FN2sImG8-00477-00086951-00087094 and then come back five years later and
g03FN2sImG8-00478-00087095-00087255 say it was all a bubble
g03FN2sImG8-00479-00087256-00087438 and so i became more and more alarmed is
g03FN2sImG8-00480-00087439-00087599 it because the types of capital is
g03FN2sImG8-00481-00087600-00087671 changing
g03FN2sImG8-00482-00087672-00087806 is there a difference in the type of
g03FN2sImG8-00483-00087807-00087982 capital is it more debt capital
g03FN2sImG8-00484-00087983-00088223 or mezzanine things like that yeah i
g03FN2sImG8-00485-00088224-00088399 mean i don't think so i think it's who's
g03FN2sImG8-00486-00088400-00088550 delivering the capital so
g03FN2sImG8-00487-00088551-00088718 we went through this phase in africa
g03FN2sImG8-00488-00088719-00088903 where we started with the aid gap
g03FN2sImG8-00489-00088904-00089071 right which is cool they were happy to
g03FN2sImG8-00490-00089072-00089255 fund small innovative projects
g03FN2sImG8-00491-00089256-00089591 for free and that's cool however
g03FN2sImG8-00492-00089592-00089855 it's not enough right obviously and so
g03FN2sImG8-00493-00089856-00090023 we went into this stage where we had a
g03FN2sImG8-00494-00090024-00090087 lot of
g03FN2sImG8-00495-00090088-00090359 ex-mba capital that followed rocket into
g03FN2sImG8-00496-00090360-00090455 the market
g03FN2sImG8-00497-00090456-00090662 and a lot of that capital has been
g03FN2sImG8-00498-00090663-00090871 dominant for the last i would say 8-10
g03FN2sImG8-00499-00090872-00090999 years
g03FN2sImG8-00500-00091000-00091167 and so when the growth opportunity
g03FN2sImG8-00501-00091168-00091311 finally arrived
g03FN2sImG8-00502-00091312-00091599 for whatever reason they took that lens
g03FN2sImG8-00503-00091600-00091718 to the market
g03FN2sImG8-00504-00091719-00091871 and the awareness is really making
g03FN2sImG8-00505-00091872-00092118 decisions on the basis of market needs
g03FN2sImG8-00506-00092119-00092303 but just on the basis of capital
g03FN2sImG8-00507-00092304-00092503 opportunity which completely changes the
g03FN2sImG8-00508-00092504-00092655 equation
g03FN2sImG8-00509-00092656-00092823 so i think that was a real problem with
g03FN2sImG8-00510-00092824-00093015 the capital it wasn't that it wasn't
g03FN2sImG8-00511-00093016-00093231 ambitious or it wasn't good for the
g03FN2sImG8-00512-00093232-00093391 ecosystem it was just the people
g03FN2sImG8-00513-00093392-00093511 deploying it
g03FN2sImG8-00514-00093512-00093743 just didn't understand tech were the
g03FN2sImG8-00515-00093744-00093903 backgrounds of the people that were
g03FN2sImG8-00516-00093904-00094047 bringing in
g03FN2sImG8-00517-00094048-00094262 or the institutions or individuals that
g03FN2sImG8-00518-00094263-00094438 were bringing this type of money in did
g03FN2sImG8-00519-00094439-00094574 they come from a different place because
g03FN2sImG8-00520-00094575-00094711 it seems like before
g03FN2sImG8-00521-00094712-00094903 they were all around the tech area or bc
g03FN2sImG8-00522-00094904-00095071 area now was it more banks
g03FN2sImG8-00523-00095072-00095303 or was it a larger institution we had
g03FN2sImG8-00524-00095304-00095399 two broad categories
g03FN2sImG8-00525-00095400-00095671 of people i would say there were the mba
g03FN2sImG8-00526-00095672-00095767 types with
g03FN2sImG8-00527-00095768-00096094 who had set up pe fonts before and now i
g03FN2sImG8-00528-00096095-00096262 wanted to get into vc because i thought
g03FN2sImG8-00529-00096263-00096431 the valuations were better
g03FN2sImG8-00530-00096432-00096623 and then you still had a bunch of the
g03FN2sImG8-00531-00096624-00096911 dfi type people who were just morphing
g03FN2sImG8-00532-00096912-00097031 into
g03FN2sImG8-00533-00097032-00097223 tech because they felt their sources of
g03FN2sImG8-00534-00097224-00097423 capital were cheaper okay
g03FN2sImG8-00535-00097424-00097631 that makes sense so our listeners might
g03FN2sImG8-00536-00097632-00097782 see that this is also a struggle
g03FN2sImG8-00537-00097783-00097911 around the world and something that
g03FN2sImG8-00538-00097912-00098111 happens a lot so i just want to point it
g03FN2sImG8-00539-00098112-00098167 out
g03FN2sImG8-00540-00098168-00098318 because it's defined to what you're
g03FN2sImG8-00541-00098319-00098535 working on next it was who was giving
g03FN2sImG8-00542-00098536-00098711 the capital away the capital was always
g03FN2sImG8-00543-00098712-00098838 there was always needed
g03FN2sImG8-00544-00098839-00099023 you know i mean but you just had the
g03FN2sImG8-00545-00099024-00099143 wrong set of people
g03FN2sImG8-00546-00099144-00099382 in control of the capital you're
g03FN2sImG8-00547-00099383-00099487 basically saying
g03FN2sImG8-00548-00099488-00099799 that the market the funding market was
g03FN2sImG8-00549-00099800-00099926 being dictated
g03FN2sImG8-00550-00099927-00100159 less by the pipeline of companies but
g03FN2sImG8-00551-00100160-00100399 more by the lps the limited partners
g03FN2sImG8-00552-00100400-00100574 that were providing funds to
g03FN2sImG8-00553-00100575-00100743 and their risk appetite which is why you
g03FN2sImG8-00554-00100744-00100879 saw that inverted map
g03FN2sImG8-00555-00100880-00101159 of seed funding decreasing year over
g03FN2sImG8-00556-00101160-00101231 year
g03FN2sImG8-00557-00101232-00101431 while general funding is increasing
g03FN2sImG8-00558-00101432-00101591 which is ridiculous
g03FN2sImG8-00559-00101592-00101855 that is very important so in this
g03FN2sImG8-00560-00101856-00101911 process
g03FN2sImG8-00561-00101912-00102215 of you navigating raising local capital
g03FN2sImG8-00562-00102216-00102382 i know some angels that you raise
g03FN2sImG8-00563-00102383-00102471 capital from
g03FN2sImG8-00564-00102472-00102806 and then also raising bc
g03FN2sImG8-00565-00102807-00103054 and also impact capital you have a lot
g03FN2sImG8-00566-00103055-00103118 of
g03FN2sImG8-00567-00103119-00103366 experience in terms of that capital
g03FN2sImG8-00568-00103367-00103447 stack of
g03FN2sImG8-00569-00103448-00103727 blended capital and people with
g03FN2sImG8-00570-00103728-00103815 divergent
g03FN2sImG8-00571-00103816-00104039 interests in terms of what outcomes
g03FN2sImG8-00572-00104040-00104182 they're actually looking for
g03FN2sImG8-00573-00104183-00104271 i mean i don't know if they have
g03FN2sImG8-00574-00104272-00104454 divergent interests i just think they
g03FN2sImG8-00575-00104455-00104582 have a certain
g03FN2sImG8-00576-00104583-00104934 mindset about how capital should work
g03FN2sImG8-00577-00104935-00105254 which is why you need operators who
g03FN2sImG8-00578-00105255-00105407 understand how technology businesses
g03FN2sImG8-00579-00105408-00105615 work to guide them towards the outcomes
g03FN2sImG8-00580-00105616-00105678 because
g03FN2sImG8-00581-00105679-00105799 none of these guys are going to turn
g03FN2sImG8-00582-00105800-00106023 away uh 25 times return if they can get
g03FN2sImG8-00583-00106024-00106127 it
g03FN2sImG8-00584-00106128-00106310 so i don't know if they have divergent
g03FN2sImG8-00585-00106311-00106431 interest
g03FN2sImG8-00586-00106432-00106686 so the returns will make everyone happy
g03FN2sImG8-00587-00106688-00106790 at the end of the day i mean
g03FN2sImG8-00588-00106791-00106943 that's what we're here for right we want
g03FN2sImG8-00589-00106944-00107175 to make impact but primarily we all
g03FN2sImG8-00590-00107176-00107375 speak the language of return right
g03FN2sImG8-00591-00107376-00107590 it seems speaking with a lot of founders
g03FN2sImG8-00592-00107591-00107751 there's a preoccupation
g03FN2sImG8-00593-00107752-00108007 with african early stage founders with
g03FN2sImG8-00594-00108008-00108119 making their mark
g03FN2sImG8-00595-00108120-00108415 by achieving a headline that they've
g03FN2sImG8-00596-00108416-00108631 raised a funding round to the extent
g03FN2sImG8-00597-00108632-00108727 that some people will
g03FN2sImG8-00598-00108728-00108910 make up some type of headlines so that
g03FN2sImG8-00599-00108911-00109183 they do it what have you learned about
g03FN2sImG8-00600-00109183-00109415 raising capital that you can share with
g03FN2sImG8-00601-00109416-00109519 folks about
g03FN2sImG8-00602-00109520-00109839 the local landscape of african angels
g03FN2sImG8-00603-00109840-00109927 and u.s
g03FN2sImG8-00604-00109928-00110102 capital and then also as a business
g03FN2sImG8-00605-00110103-00110310 matures what things have you learned and
g03FN2sImG8-00606-00110311-00110454 how are you translating that to your new
g03FN2sImG8-00607-00110455-00110534 fund
g03FN2sImG8-00608-00110535-00110686 there's a lot of things that i have
g03FN2sImG8-00609-00110688-00110886 learned about capital the biggest
g03FN2sImG8-00610-00110888-00111102 misconception people have
g03FN2sImG8-00611-00111103-00111286 is that anybody gets in the capital
g03FN2sImG8-00612-00111288-00111527 stack on their own
g03FN2sImG8-00613-00111528-00111734 in the sense that you know that you can
g03FN2sImG8-00614-00111735-00111878 just be a fresh
g03FN2sImG8-00615-00111879-00112143 newbie and just enter the capital stack
g03FN2sImG8-00616-00112144-00112247 on the basis of
g03FN2sImG8-00617-00112248-00112551 quote-unquote merit the reality is
g03FN2sImG8-00618-00112552-00112710 capital is primarily a relationships
g03FN2sImG8-00619-00112711-00112910 business and trust business
g03FN2sImG8-00620-00112911-00113183 a lot of the times you need somebody who
g03FN2sImG8-00621-00113183-00113447 can introduce you to the capital stack
g03FN2sImG8-00622-00113448-00113647 somebody that the capital stack trusts
g03FN2sImG8-00623-00113648-00113966 and i find it very funny how
g03FN2sImG8-00624-00113967-00114175 a lot of founders don't consider other
g03FN2sImG8-00625-00114176-00114351 founders who've already raised capital
g03FN2sImG8-00626-00114352-00114558 as the best resources there i know there
g03FN2sImG8-00627-00114559-00114702 are challenges with
g03FN2sImG8-00628-00114703-00114883 some founders not being willing to offer
g03FN2sImG8-00629-00114883-00115047 support but
g03FN2sImG8-00630-00115048-00115215 my first instinct doing what i know
g03FN2sImG8-00631-00115216-00115454 about capital raising whenever i want to
g03FN2sImG8-00632-00115455-00115695 raise money is to go and talk to the
g03FN2sImG8-00633-00115696-00115919 investors that that person invested
g03FN2sImG8-00634-00115920-00116199 in yeah to the entrepreneurs that that
g03FN2sImG8-00635-00116200-00116454 investor invested in because there's no
g03FN2sImG8-00636-00116455-00116543 better
g03FN2sImG8-00637-00116544-00116702 except they have a frosty relationship
g03FN2sImG8-00638-00116703-00116934 or something there's no better reference
g03FN2sImG8-00639-00116935-00117158 a lot of people skip that step and just
g03FN2sImG8-00640-00117159-00117271 believe that they can
g03FN2sImG8-00641-00117272-00117486 code email vcs and they'll answer them
g03FN2sImG8-00642-00117488-00117671 you're pretty much given founders a
g03FN2sImG8-00643-00117672-00117831 cheat code that they should look at the
g03FN2sImG8-00644-00117832-00117983 portfolios or
g03FN2sImG8-00645-00117983-00118143 crunch base look at the people that have
g03FN2sImG8-00646-00118144-00118366 made investments talk to the founders
g03FN2sImG8-00647-00118367-00118478 that made announcements
g03FN2sImG8-00648-00118479-00118654 build relationships with them ask for
g03FN2sImG8-00649-00118655-00118815 intros to those investments
g03FN2sImG8-00650-00118816-00119039 exactly yeah because i know all the
g03FN2sImG8-00651-00119040-00119127 investors
g03FN2sImG8-00652-00119128-00119319 that i invested in all my companies on
g03FN2sImG8-00653-00119320-00119534 the one-on-one you know what i mean
g03FN2sImG8-00654-00119535-00119751 and obviously i like as a person of
g03FN2sImG8-00655-00119752-00119886 integrity i wouldn't recommend every
g03FN2sImG8-00656-00119888-00120054 single startup who came to me
g03FN2sImG8-00657-00120055-00120278 except i thought they were exceptional
g03FN2sImG8-00658-00120279-00120454 but like if i think something is
g03FN2sImG8-00659-00120455-00120534 exceptional
g03FN2sImG8-00660-00120535-00120678 that thing is more or less likely to get
g03FN2sImG8-00661-00120679-00120871 funded because i know the guys and they
g03FN2sImG8-00662-00120872-00121047 know i know how they think and i know
g03FN2sImG8-00663-00121048-00121207 what's important to them
g03FN2sImG8-00664-00121208-00121327 because i used to work for them
g03FN2sImG8-00665-00121328-00121551 basically as a founder and seeing all of
g03FN2sImG8-00666-00121552-00121702 these changes over the continent
g03FN2sImG8-00667-00121703-00121983 over the past decade what are some of
g03FN2sImG8-00668-00121983-00122031 those
g03FN2sImG8-00669-00122032-00122254 key major changes that our listeners
g03FN2sImG8-00670-00122255-00122447 could call out and say wow these are the
g03FN2sImG8-00671-00122448-00122675 three things that really changed in the
g03FN2sImG8-00672-00122676-00122902 entrepreneurship community in africa
g03FN2sImG8-00673-00122903-00123102 and then what are you looking forward to
g03FN2sImG8-00674-00123103-00123247 the top couple things you're looking
g03FN2sImG8-00675-00123248-00123351 forward to
g03FN2sImG8-00676-00123352-00123590 changing over the next decade i would
g03FN2sImG8-00677-00123591-00123727 say the first thing that
g03FN2sImG8-00678-00123728-00123990 really hit me was pay tax entry into y
g03FN2sImG8-00679-00123991-00124071 combinator
g03FN2sImG8-00680-00124072-00124358 that was a game changer and to be honest
g03FN2sImG8-00681-00124359-00124527 only one person gets credit for that and
g03FN2sImG8-00682-00124528-00124686 that's
g03FN2sImG8-00683-00124688-00124799 in reality i mean apart from the
g03FN2sImG8-00684-00124800-00124966 paystack team for being awesome of
g03FN2sImG8-00685-00124967-00125047 course
g03FN2sImG8-00686-00125048-00125263 but that opened up a floodgate of
g03FN2sImG8-00687-00125264-00125366 validation
g03FN2sImG8-00688-00125367-00125583 because there was no otherwise any other
g03FN2sImG8-00689-00125583-00125799 path out of the nigerian investor
g03FN2sImG8-00690-00125800-00125910 ecosystem
g03FN2sImG8-00691-00125911-00126110 into a global ecosystem where people
g03FN2sImG8-00692-00126111-00126247 were more willing
g03FN2sImG8-00693-00126248-00126454 than a local investors to believe in the
g03FN2sImG8-00694-00126455-00126654 possibilities of the market
g03FN2sImG8-00695-00126655-00126902 and it's entrepreneurs so i think that
g03FN2sImG8-00696-00126903-00127071 was a big game changer that
g03FN2sImG8-00697-00127072-00127295 perhaps went unnoticed but was
g03FN2sImG8-00698-00127296-00127495 definitely a game changer
g03FN2sImG8-00699-00127496-00127807 the second maybe big game changer was
g03FN2sImG8-00700-00127808-00127927 and i'm not saying this in order of
g03FN2sImG8-00701-00127928-00128166 chronology but was mark zuckerberg's
g03FN2sImG8-00702-00128167-00128358 visit to nigeria right
g03FN2sImG8-00703-00128359-00128614 because that put nigeria solidly in the
g03FN2sImG8-00704-00128615-00128710 global
g03FN2sImG8-00705-00128711-00128975 investor map but more importantly it
g03FN2sImG8-00706-00128976-00129183 validated nigerian talent
g03FN2sImG8-00707-00129183-00129399 because everybody started to think if
g03FN2sImG8-00708-00129400-00129558 these guys are good enough for
g03FN2sImG8-00709-00129559-00129831 mark zuckerberg to invest in a company
g03FN2sImG8-00710-00129832-00129910 that
g03FN2sImG8-00711-00129911-00130119 hires nigerian talent uh who the hell
g03FN2sImG8-00712-00130120-00130358 i'm not right this guy is a billionaire
g03FN2sImG8-00713-00130359-00130583 i'm just a start-up founder in germany
g03FN2sImG8-00714-00130583-00130799 with three guys and
g03FN2sImG8-00715-00130800-00131014 these guys are cheaper and they're smart
g03FN2sImG8-00716-00131015-00131143 and mark zuckerberg thinks they're
g03FN2sImG8-00717-00131144-00131190 awesome
g03FN2sImG8-00718-00131191-00131478 so i think they're awesome too that was
g03FN2sImG8-00719-00131479-00131590 another very big
g03FN2sImG8-00720-00131591-00131839 shift right i mean what andela was doing
g03FN2sImG8-00721-00131840-00132127 was game changing in and of itself
g03FN2sImG8-00722-00132128-00132383 but when mark zuckerberg kind of arrived
g03FN2sImG8-00723-00132384-00132614 on the scene to validate what andela was
g03FN2sImG8-00724-00132615-00132702 doing
g03FN2sImG8-00725-00132703-00132966 it changed the game globally and opened
g03FN2sImG8-00726-00132967-00133159 up the market in ways that none of us
g03FN2sImG8-00727-00133160-00133207 ever
g03FN2sImG8-00728-00133208-00133487 suspected would happen basically making
g03FN2sImG8-00729-00133488-00133607 nigerian
g03FN2sImG8-00730-00133608-00133959 technology talents a global export
g03FN2sImG8-00731-00133960-00134102 that was impossible without a mark
g03FN2sImG8-00732-00134103-00134302 zuckerberg endorsement
g03FN2sImG8-00733-00134303-00134623 and maybe the last thing i would say
g03FN2sImG8-00734-00134624-00134966 is operas entry into the market
g03FN2sImG8-00735-00134967-00135278 because i think since jumia
g03FN2sImG8-00736-00135279-00135551 which did it in a more progressive way
g03FN2sImG8-00737-00135552-00135790 and without as much operational finesse
g03FN2sImG8-00738-00135791-00135878 they were never
g03FN2sImG8-00739-00135879-00136071 i feel like junior was big but not as
g03FN2sImG8-00740-00136072-00136263 big in my opinion like a lot of the
g03FN2sImG8-00741-00136264-00136431 money they raised went to paying mbas
g03FN2sImG8-00742-00136432-00136543 and stuff like that
g03FN2sImG8-00743-00136544-00136759 but and it wasn't as consumer and as
g03FN2sImG8-00744-00136760-00136951 people might have wanted it to be
g03FN2sImG8-00745-00136952-00137223 but opera did a big thing in the sense
g03FN2sImG8-00746-00137224-00137287 that
g03FN2sImG8-00747-00137288-00137511 it dawned on people all of a sudden that
g03FN2sImG8-00748-00137512-00137687 large sums of money could be deployed in
g03FN2sImG8-00749-00137688-00137799 this market
g03FN2sImG8-00750-00137800-00138023 fairly successful before then even if
g03FN2sImG8-00751-00138024-00138151 you said you were raising 100 million
g03FN2sImG8-00752-00138152-00138247 dollars
g03FN2sImG8-00753-00138248-00138463 what most people were willing to con
g03FN2sImG8-00754-00138464-00138575 countenance was
g03FN2sImG8-00755-00138576-00138759 oh you have a big development team in in
g03FN2sImG8-00756-00138760-00139023 the us or sales team in the us so you
g03FN2sImG8-00757-00139024-00139135 need that money
g03FN2sImG8-00758-00139136-00139263 but no one was willing to count
g03FN2sImG8-00759-00139264-00139487 announced we can actually acquire
g03FN2sImG8-00760-00139488-00139695 on our customers
g03FN2sImG8-00761-00139696-00139983 from this right with cash and i think
g03FN2sImG8-00762-00139984-00140111 opera changes game there
g03FN2sImG8-00763-00140112-00140254 so people are thinking very differently
g03FN2sImG8-00764-00140255-00140463 about how to deploy capital for consumer
g03FN2sImG8-00765-00140464-00140535 products
g03FN2sImG8-00766-00140536-00140727 as a result of opera's big moves so i
g03FN2sImG8-00767-00140728-00140878 think those are like three
g03FN2sImG8-00768-00140879-00141102 of the biggest ones there are obviously
g03FN2sImG8-00769-00141103-00141207 other things i would
g03FN2sImG8-00770-00141208-00141439 argue a lot of payment startups that
g03FN2sImG8-00771-00141440-00141671 came into the scene were super pivotal
g03FN2sImG8-00772-00141672-00141902 in growing other parts of the ecosystem
g03FN2sImG8-00773-00141903-00142087 and attracting investments
g03FN2sImG8-00774-00142088-00142263 because it's very easy for investors to
g03FN2sImG8-00775-00142264-00142414 see where the flows from payments will
g03FN2sImG8-00776-00142415-00142487 come from
g03FN2sImG8-00777-00142488-00142671 and then the rise of crowdfunding in
g03FN2sImG8-00778-00142672-00142790 agriculture and
g03FN2sImG8-00779-00142791-00143063 sims platforms also helps but i would
g03FN2sImG8-00780-00143064-00143126 say the
g03FN2sImG8-00781-00143127-00143359 three big changes would be why crop nato
g03FN2sImG8-00782-00143360-00143487 mark zuckerberg
g03FN2sImG8-00783-00143488-00143726 and opera the chinese i used to work at
g03FN2sImG8-00784-00143727-00143871 alibaba in china so
g03FN2sImG8-00785-00143872-00144119 i i know that piece pretty well what are
g03FN2sImG8-00786-00144120-00144254 a couple things that you're really
g03FN2sImG8-00787-00144255-00144407 excited about for the next
g03FN2sImG8-00788-00144408-00144575 10 years what are some big things that
g03FN2sImG8-00789-00144576-00144814 you think may be on the horizon
g03FN2sImG8-00790-00144815-00144983 i'll say the first thing i hope happens
g03FN2sImG8-00791-00144984-00145231 is more kind of the backdrop to
g03FN2sImG8-00792-00145232-00145414 to the product we just launched the
g03FN2sImG8-00793-00145415-00145590 future africa collective which is our
g03FN2sImG8-00794-00145591-00145687 community of
g03FN2sImG8-00795-00145688-00146014 investors and african innovators we want
g03FN2sImG8-00796-00146015-00146071 to see
g03FN2sImG8-00797-00146072-00146431 more regular people invest in companies
g03FN2sImG8-00798-00146432-00146654 our thesis is very simple right number
g03FN2sImG8-00799-00146655-00146854 one we have a perfect storm from an
g03FN2sImG8-00800-00146855-00147023 investment standpoint in the sense that
g03FN2sImG8-00801-00147024-00147319 there aren't enough yield producing
g03FN2sImG8-00802-00147320-00147447 investment opportunities
g03FN2sImG8-00803-00147448-00147711 in nigeria specifically so banks are
g03FN2sImG8-00804-00147712-00147926 rejecting fixed deposits here
g03FN2sImG8-00805-00147927-00148087 because they have to meet crr
g03FN2sImG8-00806-00148088-00148383 requirements um of 70
g03FN2sImG8-00807-00148384-00148631 and they don't know where to put credit
g03FN2sImG8-00808-00148632-00148743 that's the cash
g03FN2sImG8-00809-00148744-00148983 cash reservation right yeah um so
g03FN2sImG8-00810-00148984-00149135 they're rejecting your deposits treasury
g03FN2sImG8-00811-00149136-00149326 bills are five percent
g03FN2sImG8-00812-00149327-00149502 so the traditional argument against
g03FN2sImG8-00813-00149503-00149687 venture in africa was hey
g03FN2sImG8-00814-00149688-00149926 they're better yielding instruments now
g03FN2sImG8-00815-00149927-00150126 they aren't
g03FN2sImG8-00816-00150127-00150326 right there's nothing nothing's doing
g03FN2sImG8-00817-00150327-00150487 better in venture right now
g03FN2sImG8-00818-00150488-00150799 and so more people are going to
g03FN2sImG8-00819-00150800-00150990 look to venture or equities of the
g03FN2sImG8-00820-00150991-00151214 global market as a way to get out of the
g03FN2sImG8-00821-00151215-00151447 naira and still operate right
g03FN2sImG8-00822-00151448-00151735 however the institutions don't
g03FN2sImG8-00823-00151736-00151943 understand venture
g03FN2sImG8-00824-00151944-00152159 and they're not prepared to offer this
g03FN2sImG8-00825-00152160-00152271 asset class to their
g03FN2sImG8-00826-00152272-00152526 investor base so people are going to
g03FN2sImG8-00827-00152527-00152711 find the products themselves
g03FN2sImG8-00828-00152712-00152839 so i think we're going to see a more
g03FN2sImG8-00829-00152840-00153175 democratized vc which puts a lot of lps
g03FN2sImG8-00830-00153176-00153423 and ics that have become gods unto
g03FN2sImG8-00831-00153424-00153623 themselves in real trouble
g03FN2sImG8-00832-00153624-00153990 because if if i'm a talented
g03FN2sImG8-00833-00153991-00154278 manager right why would i go and grovel
g03FN2sImG8-00834-00154279-00154366 to you
g03FN2sImG8-00835-00154367-00154566 and outsource my decision-making and my
g03FN2sImG8-00836-00154567-00154751 entrepreneurial talents and skills and
g03FN2sImG8-00837-00154752-00154895 operational skill sets
g03FN2sImG8-00838-00154896-00155111 to you when i can just recommend
g03FN2sImG8-00839-00155112-00155287 companies to a community of investors
g03FN2sImG8-00840-00155288-00155439 and earn exactly the same
g03FN2sImG8-00841-00155440-00155759 carry and fees maybe even better are you
g03FN2sImG8-00842-00155760-00156159 sourcing your investors from a mix of
g03FN2sImG8-00843-00156160-00156543 u.s and and international investors or
g03FN2sImG8-00844-00156544-00156775 primarily locally we're not targeting
g03FN2sImG8-00845-00156776-00156935 our efforts specifically
g03FN2sImG8-00846-00156936-00157087 we're just putting the information out
g03FN2sImG8-00847-00157088-00157295 there but what we're seeing though is we
g03FN2sImG8-00848-00157296-00157543 have a lot of diaspora who are engaged
g03FN2sImG8-00849-00157544-00157823 and are investing we have some younger
g03FN2sImG8-00850-00157824-00158014 nigerians who have savings and wanting
g03FN2sImG8-00851-00158015-00158095 to invest
g03FN2sImG8-00852-00158096-00158223 who work and they don't have time to
g03FN2sImG8-00853-00158224-00158414 manage a portfolio but they're excited
g03FN2sImG8-00854-00158415-00158575 about tech i want to invest in tech i
g03FN2sImG8-00855-00158576-00158783 want an easy way to do so
g03FN2sImG8-00856-00158784-00159014 and we also know there's quite a bit of
g03FN2sImG8-00857-00159015-00159095 vcs
g03FN2sImG8-00858-00159096-00159343 in the west who are excited about africa
g03FN2sImG8-00859-00159344-00159495 and want to use this as an opportunity
g03FN2sImG8-00860-00159496-00159583 to learn
g03FN2sImG8-00861-00159584-00159847 okay interesting so i remember michael
g03FN2sImG8-00862-00159848-00159911 siebel
g03FN2sImG8-00863-00159912-00160254 from my combinator now ceo came
g03FN2sImG8-00864-00160255-00160623 to nigeria and at a dinner he said that
g03FN2sImG8-00865-00160624-00160926 there's an opportunity for local early
g03FN2sImG8-00866-00160927-00160983 stage
g03FN2sImG8-00867-00160984-00161335 seed quality angel investors that
g03FN2sImG8-00868-00161336-00161575 would be able to front run for lack of a
g03FN2sImG8-00869-00161576-00161695 better word the
g03FN2sImG8-00870-00161696-00161966 accelerator process of 500 startups and
g03FN2sImG8-00871-00161967-00162119 y combinator
g03FN2sImG8-00872-00162120-00162375 and to do that to increase the
g03FN2sImG8-00873-00162376-00162471 valuations
g03FN2sImG8-00874-00162472-00162671 and validation of their early stage
g03FN2sImG8-00875-00162672-00162911 investment is that something that you
g03FN2sImG8-00876-00162912-00163199 had in mind or is it more like you see
g03FN2sImG8-00877-00163200-00163239 just
g03FN2sImG8-00878-00163240-00163439 all these opportunities and this
g03FN2sImG8-00879-00163440-00163551 friction of
g03FN2sImG8-00880-00163552-00163863 angels with founders and then also
g03FN2sImG8-00881-00163864-00164078 other market opportunities what laid the
g03FN2sImG8-00882-00164079-00164166 groundwork
g03FN2sImG8-00883-00164167-00164375 that you said with the app we've been
g03FN2sImG8-00884-00164376-00164671 investing for a long time since 2005.
g03FN2sImG8-00885-00164672-00164911 and so we've seen a lot we've definitely
g03FN2sImG8-00886-00164912-00165087 seen what michael siva was talking about
g03FN2sImG8-00887-00165088-00165319 so we've seen the investing in startup
g03FN2sImG8-00888-00165320-00165502 that have the potential to get into
g03FN2sImG8-00889-00165503-00165726 accelerator programs like 500 and y
g03FN2sImG8-00890-00165727-00165838 combinator
g03FN2sImG8-00891-00165839-00166023 and then watching the valuations rise
g03FN2sImG8-00892-00166024-00166183 with that and it works
g03FN2sImG8-00893-00166184-00166399 it works it's worked well for us in many
g03FN2sImG8-00894-00166400-00166487 cases
g03FN2sImG8-00895-00166488-00166654 where we were that lucky but i don't
g03FN2sImG8-00896-00166655-00166807 think that's the only bet we will make
g03FN2sImG8-00897-00166808-00166951 right because there's not enough of them
g03FN2sImG8-00898-00166952-00167119 i mean y combinator
g03FN2sImG8-00899-00167120-00167431 and 500 have never historically taken in
g03FN2sImG8-00900-00167432-00167502 more than 10
g03FN2sImG8-00901-00167503-00167783 nigerian startups at any time investor
g03FN2sImG8-00902-00167784-00167878 capital
g03FN2sImG8-00903-00167879-00168031 i don't think it's just 10 companies
g03FN2sImG8-00904-00168032-00168278 that can get it and also oftentimes
g03FN2sImG8-00905-00168279-00168478 it takes a leap of faith in any case
g03FN2sImG8-00906-00168479-00168631 because no one has any undue
g03FN2sImG8-00907-00168632-00168831 influence on the yc application process
g03FN2sImG8-00908-00168832-00169047 or 500 application process
g03FN2sImG8-00909-00169048-00169271 such that you can determine for real
g03FN2sImG8-00910-00169272-00169487 whether you get it or not
g03FN2sImG8-00911-00169488-00169614 you have the same number of slots as
g03FN2sImG8-00912-00169615-00169823 everybody and once they get into the
g03FN2sImG8-00913-00169824-00169935 accelerators
g03FN2sImG8-00914-00169936-00170078 they're giving cash so they don't really
g03FN2sImG8-00915-00170079-00170254 need your cash at that point and it
g03FN2sImG8-00916-00170255-00170414 beholds them to wait until the end of
g03FN2sImG8-00917-00170415-00170551 the program except you're really going
g03FN2sImG8-00918-00170552-00170726 to be adding a lot of value
g03FN2sImG8-00919-00170727-00171071 your future africa fund is
g03FN2sImG8-00920-00171072-00171431 invested in nigeria or all around
g03FN2sImG8-00921-00171432-00171614 and what do you see as the potential
g03FN2sImG8-00922-00171615-00171799 scale that you can
g03FN2sImG8-00923-00171800-00172063 obtain over the next five years where do
g03FN2sImG8-00924-00172064-00172199 you want to be
g03FN2sImG8-00925-00172200-00172407 so in terms of where we are we're
g03FN2sImG8-00926-00172408-00172551 investing all over africa
g03FN2sImG8-00927-00172552-00172863 all over not just in nigeria we think
g03FN2sImG8-00928-00172864-00173095 that we can pioneer this new way
g03FN2sImG8-00929-00173096-00173359 of venture capital that prioritizes
g03FN2sImG8-00930-00173360-00173575 entrepreneurs with operational skill
g03FN2sImG8-00931-00173576-00173799 and a business understanding over nba
g03FN2sImG8-00932-00173800-00174023 types who have a network
g03FN2sImG8-00933-00174024-00174214 to raise capital from and i think that
g03FN2sImG8-00934-00174215-00174351 would be the biggest thing that happened
g03FN2sImG8-00935-00174352-00174399 to
g03FN2sImG8-00936-00174400-00174623 capital on the continent once you can
g03FN2sImG8-00937-00174624-00174831 help africa make that shift
g03FN2sImG8-00938-00174832-00174975 where innovators are attacking
g03FN2sImG8-00939-00174976-00175175 innovators as opposed to just finance
g03FN2sImG8-00940-00175176-00175487 types and suits and i think that might
g03FN2sImG8-00941-00175488-00175566 bring it in
g03FN2sImG8-00942-00175567-00175871 for us our primary goal is really with
g03FN2sImG8-00943-00175872-00176063 this particular product is really doing
g03FN2sImG8-00944-00176064-00176159 that but
g03FN2sImG8-00945-00176160-00176366 for future africa as an ecosystem i
g03FN2sImG8-00946-00176367-00176543 think what we're trying to go
g03FN2sImG8-00947-00176544-00176878 towards is really a community of
g03FN2sImG8-00948-00176879-00177247 innovators that we can partner with to
g03FN2sImG8-00949-00177248-00177526 establish a future where an african
g03FN2sImG8-00950-00177527-00177599 future
g03FN2sImG8-00951-00177600-00177814 in particular where prosperity and
g03FN2sImG8-00952-00177815-00178054 purpose is within everyone's reach so
g03FN2sImG8-00953-00178055-00178271 for us what really matters is access to
g03FN2sImG8-00954-00178272-00178447 opportunity for people
g03FN2sImG8-00955-00178448-00178678 flattening of the genie coefficient
g03FN2sImG8-00956-00178679-00178902 right reduction of inequalities
g03FN2sImG8-00957-00178903-00179071 and we think technology can move us
g03FN2sImG8-00958-00179072-00179271 towards that world of abundance where
g03FN2sImG8-00959-00179272-00179471 60 of the world's population really in
g03FN2sImG8-00960-00179472-00179726 africa but also living in an african
g03FN2sImG8-00961-00179727-00179823 future
g03FN2sImG8-00962-00179824-00180047 um able to work remotely able to live
g03FN2sImG8-00963-00180048-00180183 without fear
g03FN2sImG8-00964-00180184-00180375 and so on and so forth so that's really
g03FN2sImG8-00965-00180376-00180559 where we're after we have a bunch of
g03FN2sImG8-00966-00180560-00180647 numbers based
g03FN2sImG8-00967-00180648-00180911 milestones but i think my experience
g03FN2sImG8-00968-00180912-00181031 with building businesses
g03FN2sImG8-00969-00181032-00181278 is that within a few weeks or months or
g03FN2sImG8-00970-00181279-00181359 whatever
g03FN2sImG8-00971-00181360-00181551 we will always blow those milestones out
g03FN2sImG8-00972-00181552-00181751 of the water but what matters more is
g03FN2sImG8-00973-00181752-00181871 the general impact
g03FN2sImG8-00974-00181872-00182135 of the system that you deliver and how
g03FN2sImG8-00975-00182136-00182254 it becomes the way
g03FN2sImG8-00976-00182255-00182551 to do african venture in africa that's
g03FN2sImG8-00977-00182552-00182751 really what we're after
g03FN2sImG8-00978-00182752-00182983 we want to be a model for how venture is
g03FN2sImG8-00979-00182984-00183151 done in africa going forward
g03FN2sImG8-00980-00183152-00183431 that's really ambitious one of the
g03FN2sImG8-00981-00183432-00183535 questions that we
g03FN2sImG8-00982-00183536-00183759 got from one of your investors the juice
g03FN2sImG8-00983-00183760-00183854 bellow
g03FN2sImG8-00984-00183855-00184159 says how do you see opportunities
g03FN2sImG8-00985-00184160-00184454 in this time of crisis and going forward
g03FN2sImG8-00986-00184455-00184654 what i would say is kobe 19
g03FN2sImG8-00987-00184655-00184871 on the surface has accelerated our
g03FN2sImG8-00988-00184872-00185023 digital future
g03FN2sImG8-00989-00185024-00185231 so because of the physical distancing
g03FN2sImG8-00990-00185232-00185423 guidelines a lot of us have to
g03FN2sImG8-00991-00185424-00185687 leave virtually quite frankly we work
g03FN2sImG8-00992-00185688-00185766 from home
g03FN2sImG8-00993-00185767-00185911 try as much as possible to leverage
g03FN2sImG8-00994-00185912-00186071 digital technology and avoid contact
g03FN2sImG8-00995-00186072-00186175 with others
g03FN2sImG8-00996-00186176-00186343 there is a reason to do this and quite
g03FN2sImG8-00997-00186344-00186543 frankly the science supports that
g03FN2sImG8-00998-00186544-00186750 and even if the governments decide to
g03FN2sImG8-00999-00186751-00186919 relax the restrictions
g03FN2sImG8-01000-00186920-00187143 it will behold people who are smart to
g03FN2sImG8-01001-00187144-00187295 still continue to maintain these
g03FN2sImG8-01002-00187296-00187471 restrictions for their own safety and
g03FN2sImG8-01003-00187472-00187526 health
g03FN2sImG8-01004-00187527-00187775 that's how i see it however the
g03FN2sImG8-01005-00187776-00187871 performance of
g03FN2sImG8-01006-00187872-00188175 one entrepreneur to another
g03FN2sImG8-01007-00188176-00188495 will vary not necessarily because
g03FN2sImG8-01008-00188496-00188702 of the industry that the entrepreneur is
g03FN2sImG8-01009-00188703-00189014 in but because of their attitude
g03FN2sImG8-01010-00189015-00189335 and because of their willingness to
g03FN2sImG8-01011-00189336-00189447 adapt
g03FN2sImG8-01012-00189448-00189623 and willingness to own the crisis and
g03FN2sImG8-01013-00189624-00189759 turn into something
g03FN2sImG8-01014-00189760-00190071 that is meaningful for them if you
g03FN2sImG8-01015-00190072-00190359 are mentally defeated by the crisis
g03FN2sImG8-01016-00190360-00190471 there is nothing for you it doesn't
g03FN2sImG8-01017-00190472-00190575 matter if
g03FN2sImG8-01018-00190576-00190743 you're in an industry that should
g03FN2sImG8-01019-00190744-00190935 ordinarily on the surface
g03FN2sImG8-01020-00190936-00191159 enjoy the benefits of something like
g03FN2sImG8-01021-00191160-00191238 this
g03FN2sImG8-01022-00191239-00191478 if you're not proactive in taking action
g03FN2sImG8-01023-00191479-00191695 and seeking opportunity at this time
g03FN2sImG8-01024-00191696-00191895 it will not come to you i think that's
g03FN2sImG8-01025-00191896-00192038 really the biggest lesson
g03FN2sImG8-01026-00192039-00192263 for me is i'm looking for entrepreneurs
g03FN2sImG8-01027-00192264-00192414 who see opportunity
g03FN2sImG8-01028-00192415-00192687 in all the present chaos right and i'm
g03FN2sImG8-01029-00192688-00192863 willing to solve problems
g03FN2sImG8-01030-00192864-00193095 to help people continue to live their
g03FN2sImG8-01031-00193096-00193302 lives as normally as they can
g03FN2sImG8-01032-00193303-00193478 even though we know there's no normal
g03FN2sImG8-01033-00193479-00193663 anymore but if we can
g03FN2sImG8-01034-00193664-00193854 support people to adjust to a new normal
g03FN2sImG8-01035-00193855-00194014 that's great
g03FN2sImG8-01036-00194015-00194207 very exciting for me to have you on this
g03FN2sImG8-01037-00194208-00194375 podcast and for our listeners to have
g03FN2sImG8-01038-00194376-00194487 you on and we hope
g03FN2sImG8-01039-00194488-00194726 we can have you on soon as the things
g03FN2sImG8-01040-00194727-00194847 that you talked about that you're going
g03FN2sImG8-01041-00194848-00194935 to be doing
g03FN2sImG8-01042-00194936-00195087 over the next couple years and the
g03FN2sImG8-01043-00195088-00195254 developments in africa and really to
g03FN2sImG8-01044-00195255-00195423 follow future africa fun
g03FN2sImG8-01045-00195424-00195607 we hope to have you back on and talk
g03FN2sImG8-01046-00195608-00195807 about the successes of the next couple
g03FN2sImG8-01047-00195808-00195854 years
g03FN2sImG8-01048-00195855-00196159 thank you for being on the podcast three
g03FN2sImG8-01049-00196160-00196463 two one
g03FN2sImG8-01050-00196464-00196702 hey everyone thanks for listening to
g03FN2sImG8-01051-00196703-00196890 find more episodes visit
g03FN2sImG8-01052-00196891-00197031 venturetheworld.com
g03FN2sImG8-01053-00197032-00197214 you can follow us on twitter or
g03FN2sImG8-01054-00197215-00197335 instagram at
g03FN2sImG8-01055-00197336-00197759 vtw underscore hq if you enjoyed today's
g03FN2sImG8-01056-00197760-00197838 episode
g03FN2sImG8-01057-00197839-00198087 please leave us a review which will help
g03FN2sImG8-01058-00198088-00198238 other listeners like you
g03FN2sImG8-01059-00198239-00199112 venture the world thanks
g0viOWA29jk-00000-00001312-00001391 there was
g0viOWA29jk-00001-00001392-00002431 a sultan
g0viOWA29jk-00002-00002432-00002807 he was majestic
g0viOWA29jk-00003-00002808-00003343 he was perfect he ruled the kingdom well
g0viOWA29jk-00004-00003344-00004022 he sat on a big throne
g0viOWA29jk-00005-00004023-00005943 steve was very disciplined you know what
g0viOWA29jk-00006-00005944-00006286 and look after his ministers well and he
g0viOWA29jk-00007-00006287-00006414 was a wonderful
g0viOWA29jk-00008-00006415-00006775 wonderful wonderful emperor and king
g0viOWA29jk-00009-00006776-00007198 he ruled many lands and he was very
g0viOWA29jk-00011-00010309-00011246 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00012-00011247-00012244 love
g0viOWA29jk-00013-00012245-00012683 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00014-00012684-00012951 huh
g0viOWA29jk-00015-00012952-00013263 so this thing was a very kind-hearted
g0viOWA29jk-00016-00013263-00013327 thing
g0viOWA29jk-00017-00013328-00013599 he was very powerful now you must listen
g0viOWA29jk-00018-00013600-00013838 because i'm gonna ask you later
g0viOWA29jk-00019-00013840-00014303 he had six daughters and one son
g0viOWA29jk-00020-00014304-00014615 six daughters and one son
g0viOWA29jk-00021-00014616-00014919 the eldest daughter's name was
g0viOWA29jk-00022-00014919-00015343 suraya and the oldest son's name
g0viOWA29jk-00023-00015344-00016630 was prince adame
g0viOWA29jk-00024-00016631-00017007 and they always used to play together
g0viOWA29jk-00025-00017008-00017335 but in those days there was no school
g0viOWA29jk-00026-00017336-00017639 no school at all so when
g0viOWA29jk-00027-00017640-00018014 the child became eight years old
g0viOWA29jk-00028-00018015-00018350 the susan had to send the son
g0viOWA29jk-00029-00018351-00018655 to the forest with an old
g0viOWA29jk-00030-00018656-00019063 world teacher the teacher who had long
g0viOWA29jk-00031-00019064-00019230 beard
g0viOWA29jk-00032-00019231-00020950 lovely crinkly minds and who was healthy
g0viOWA29jk-00033-00020951-00021199 and you have to go and learn a lot of
g0viOWA29jk-00034-00021200-00021294 things
g0viOWA29jk-00035-00021295-00021614 so now this son says yes
g0viOWA29jk-00036-00021615-00022022 i'm ready to go and he was born
g0viOWA29jk-00037-00022023-00022247 he went into the forest to learn a lot
g0viOWA29jk-00038-00022248-00022407 of things
g0viOWA29jk-00039-00022408-00022775 now as this thing was ruling well
g0viOWA29jk-00040-00022776-00023175 one night when there was no moon in the
g0viOWA29jk-00041-00023176-00023230 sky
g0viOWA29jk-00042-00023231-00023622 and it was pinched down the sultan
g0viOWA29jk-00043-00023623-00023966 was walking in his burden
g0viOWA29jk-00044-00023967-00024103 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00045-00024104-00024447 up and down and thinking
g0viOWA29jk-00046-00024448-00024878 of what would be good for my people
g0viOWA29jk-00047-00024879-00025247 what will happen when my son returns
g0viOWA29jk-00049-00028383-00029199 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00050-00029200-00030372 came around and put all the magic
g0viOWA29jk-00051-00030373-00033343 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00052-00033344-00035083 it was dark in the night
g0viOWA29jk-00053-00035084-00035823 oh
g0viOWA29jk-00054-00035824-00036135 now this was the time that the sun was
g0viOWA29jk-00055-00036136-00036467 returned
g0viOWA29jk-00056-00036468-00037862 after
g0viOWA29jk-00057-00037863-00038207 my sister who was so happy
g0viOWA29jk-00058-00038208-00038430 and he was determining his song the
g0viOWA29jk-00059-00038431-00038687 whole castle wasn't blacklist
g0viOWA29jk-00060-00038688-00039327 no money and he heard his mother
g0viOWA29jk-00061-00039328-00039639 so he did and he saw
g0viOWA29jk-00062-00039640-00039943 that his father had grown up
g0viOWA29jk-00063-00039944-00042743 and his mother was
g0viOWA29jk-00064-00042744-00043095 because i went to the forest to learn
g0viOWA29jk-00065-00043096-00044318 three things what had he done
g0viOWA29jk-00066-00044319-00044767 he knew how to study the star
g0viOWA29jk-00067-00044768-00045118 he knew the language of the birds and
g0viOWA29jk-00068-00045119-00045399 the animals
g0viOWA29jk-00069-00045400-00045855 and then he learned how to
g0viOWA29jk-00070-00045856-00046423 fight so now he was ready
g0viOWA29jk-00071-00046424-00046727 so he walked up and down
g0viOWA29jk-00072-00046728-00047086 the garden that night and drawn
g0viOWA29jk-00073-00047087-00048918 to the stars he saw a song
g0viOWA29jk-00074-00048919-00049283 and you will find
g0viOWA29jk-00075-00049284-00049590 persecution
g0viOWA29jk-00076-00049591-00050095 to make your father alive
g0viOWA29jk-00077-00050096-00050823 oh my son
g0viOWA29jk-00079-00054624-00055063 and he gave her a big golden plate
g0viOWA29jk-00080-00055064-00055366 with six white marbles
g0viOWA29jk-00081-00055367-00055742 how many mouths
g0viOWA29jk-00082-00055744-00056103 he said i am fine
g0viOWA29jk-00083-00056104-00056454 these marbles to turn black then you
g0viOWA29jk-00084-00056455-00056791 found them into the choice
g0viOWA29jk-00085-00056791-00058191 said okay and so she took this big
g0viOWA29jk-00086-00058191-00058423 because he didn't want anyone to
g0viOWA29jk-00087-00058424-00058559 recognize him
g0viOWA29jk-00088-00058560-00058782 and he took a bag and he walked and
g0viOWA29jk-00089-00058783-00059182 walked and walked and walked
g0viOWA29jk-00090-00059183-00059535 and he walked for three days
g0viOWA29jk-00091-00059536-00060282 and he was feeling hungry
g0viOWA29jk-00092-00060283-00061482 tired
g0viOWA29jk-00093-00061483-00062375 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00094-00062376-00063082 so he went and rested under the
g0viOWA29jk-00095-00063083-00064482 trees
g0viOWA29jk-00096-00064483-00065230 hungry
g0viOWA29jk-00097-00065232-00066094 there we go
g0viOWA29jk-00098-00066095-00068682 another fruit
g0viOWA29jk-00099-00068683-00069687 um
g0viOWA29jk-00100-00069688-00070893 what did you do
g0viOWA29jk-00101-00070894-00071431 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00102-00071432-00072882 nice juice
g0viOWA29jk-00103-00072883-00073894 was
g0viOWA29jk-00104-00073895-00074713 so you knew the confident language
g0viOWA29jk-00105-00074714-00076520 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00106-00076521-00077082 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00107-00077083-00079306 oh
g0viOWA29jk-00108-00079307-00081191 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00109-00081192-00081506 those six white marbles
g0viOWA29jk-00110-00081507-00081694 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00111-00081695-00082150 and this is in trouble
g0viOWA29jk-00112-00082151-00082494 and she came into the forest
g0viOWA29jk-00113-00082495-00082743 now when she came into the forest there
g0viOWA29jk-00114-00082744-00082799 was a
g0viOWA29jk-00115-00082800-00083135 king with thorns
g0viOWA29jk-00116-00083136-00083479 and he was a crocodile
g0viOWA29jk-00117-00083480-00083799 so he had come
g0viOWA29jk-00118-00083800-00084055 and he saw this beautiful girl he picked
g0viOWA29jk-00119-00084056-00084775 it up
g0viOWA29jk-00120-00084776-00085111 oh you're in trouble because
g0viOWA29jk-00121-00085112-00086518 you better go and save your sister
g0viOWA29jk-00122-00086519-00086831 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00123-00086832-00087126 now you remember he was dressed like a
g0viOWA29jk-00124-00087127-00087262 beggar
g0viOWA29jk-00125-00087263-00087647 right in town the prophetic king said
g0viOWA29jk-00126-00087648-00087967 that you must remember two things
g0viOWA29jk-00127-00087968-00088294 this king who has bonds he loves if you
g0viOWA29jk-00128-00088295-00088455 praise him a lot
g0viOWA29jk-00129-00088456-00088791 nicely praises that you get that your
g0viOWA29jk-00130-00088792-00089126 system what is crazy
g0viOWA29jk-00131-00089127-00089494 really to talk nice words
g0viOWA29jk-00132-00089495-00089831 yes to talk nicely about
g0viOWA29jk-00133-00089832-00090103 okay so there were two guards and they
g0viOWA29jk-00134-00090104-00090479 said night and then right on it
g0viOWA29jk-00135-00090480-00090847 he said i am the prince
g0viOWA29jk-00136-00090848-00091062 you are having dirty clothes you can't
g0viOWA29jk-00137-00091063-00091123 make you in
g0viOWA29jk-00138-00091124-00091311 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00139-00091312-00091687 then the thing with pawns
g0viOWA29jk-00140-00091688-00092175 had a daughter and she looked
g0viOWA29jk-00141-00092176-00092482 and she said let him inside let him
g0viOWA29jk-00142-00092483-00093926 coming
g0viOWA29jk-00143-00093927-00094462 wow what a lovely voice
g0viOWA29jk-00144-00094463-00094743 better than any beautiful person in the
g0viOWA29jk-00145-00094744-00094894 world your voice is so
g0viOWA29jk-00146-00094895-00096518 sweet your heart was like honey
g0viOWA29jk-00147-00096519-00098082 stars in the sky
g0viOWA29jk-00148-00098083-00099191 then
g0viOWA29jk-00149-00099192-00100903 my sister you have my sister
g0viOWA29jk-00150-00100904-00101238 and then he said let her go back to the
g0viOWA29jk-00151-00101239-00101615 brother but when she went and hugged her
g0viOWA29jk-00152-00101616-00101799 brother
g0viOWA29jk-00153-00101800-00102071 that prayer the king saw her his
g0viOWA29jk-00154-00102072-00102182 daughter
g0viOWA29jk-00155-00102183-00102542 the daughter was looking now
g0viOWA29jk-00156-00102543-00102742 the king says no no you can't take your
g0viOWA29jk-00157-00102743-00102878 sister and go
g0viOWA29jk-00158-00102879-00104358 until you marry my daughter
g0viOWA29jk-00159-00104359-00104678 tonight you won't be together
g0viOWA29jk-00160-00104679-00104975 i will take you to that long summer you
g0viOWA29jk-00161-00104976-00105086 will be there
g0viOWA29jk-00162-00105088-00105327 in the night you will come and marry my
g0viOWA29jk-00163-00105328-00105519 daughter then only you can leave this
g0viOWA29jk-00164-00105520-00105695 kingdom
g0viOWA29jk-00165-00105696-00106054 so prince harmon was taken to a long
g0viOWA29jk-00166-00106055-00106483 big father princess was taken to a long
g0viOWA29jk-00167-00106483-00107719 beach
g0viOWA29jk-00168-00107720-00109071 and there was a few
g0viOWA29jk-00169-00109072-00110478 and came near the princess
g0viOWA29jk-00170-00110479-00110823 that you take a letter to my
g0viOWA29jk-00171-00110824-00111175 sister wrote
g0viOWA29jk-00172-00111176-00111534 me one letter and the word cookie
g0viOWA29jk-00173-00111535-00111958 you remember he knew the language of the
g0viOWA29jk-00174-00111959-00112183 bird took it to the sister what was
g0viOWA29jk-00175-00112183-00112383 written
g0viOWA29jk-00176-00112383-00112639 when you come in the night come to the
g0viOWA29jk-00177-00112640-00112766 horses
g0viOWA29jk-00178-00112767-00112990 place there's a white horse come and
g0viOWA29jk-00179-00112991-00113199 stand near that
g0viOWA29jk-00180-00113200-00114123 so that night the gods took both of them
g0viOWA29jk-00181-00114124-00114863 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00182-00114864-00115358 lot
g0viOWA29jk-00183-00115359-00117683 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00184-00117683-00118566 is
g0viOWA29jk-00185-00118567-00118951 they started driving riding the
g0viOWA29jk-00186-00118952-00120295 king's heart
g0viOWA29jk-00187-00120296-00122886 all the soldiers got into the
g0viOWA29jk-00188-00122888-00123078 and changing and they came to a
g0viOWA29jk-00189-00123079-00123263 beautiful tree
g0viOWA29jk-00190-00123264-00124590 what is
g0viOWA29jk-00191-00124591-00126134 go faster
g0viOWA29jk-00192-00126135-00126486 started to also started slipping on the
g0viOWA29jk-00193-00126488-00127158 trooper
g0viOWA29jk-00194-00127159-00127447 so they started slipping and started
g0viOWA29jk-00195-00127448-00127631 falling on the
g0viOWA29jk-00196-00127632-00128199 cruise there were two soldiers
g0viOWA29jk-00197-00128200-00129173 they followed them
g0viOWA29jk-00198-00129174-00130283 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00199-00130283-00130802 what
g0viOWA29jk-00200-00130803-00131683 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00201-00131684-00131878 beautiful this banyan tree had long
g0viOWA29jk-00202-00131879-00131935 roots
g0viOWA29jk-00203-00131936-00132247 to tie up the horses
g0viOWA29jk-00204-00132248-00132559 and pulled them
g0viOWA29jk-00205-00132560-00133239 and all the photos were
g0viOWA29jk-00206-00133240-00133607 they could not follow the spring
g0viOWA29jk-00207-00133608-00133927 the prince went to his kingdom
g0viOWA29jk-00208-00133928-00134254 and then got out of the horse
g0viOWA29jk-00209-00134255-00134583 went running yes
g0viOWA29jk-00210-00134584-00135402 and wonderful he solved the problem
g0viOWA29jk-00211-00135403-00135751 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00212-00135752-00136324 and told the magic
g0viOWA29jk-00213-00136325-00137095 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00214-00137096-00137437 put that together
g0viOWA29jk-00215-00137438-00138087 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00216-00138088-00138927 put them together
g0viOWA29jk-00217-00138928-00140734 and suddenly this tattoo
g0viOWA29jk-00218-00140735-00142184 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00219-00142185-00142678 [Music]
g0viOWA29jk-00220-00142679-00145359 and how many more daughters were there
g0viOWA29jk-00221-00145360-00145823 unless this kingdom with the horns
g0viOWA29jk-00222-00145824-00148483 was eddie
g0viOWA29jk-00223-00148484-00149883 married
g0viOWA29jk-00224-00149884-00151283 so
g0viOWA29jk-00225-00151284-00151663 is yes do you like the story
g0viOWA29jk-00226-00151664-00152384 yes how do you do when you like a story
g3PYG68p_xM-00000-00000000-00000299 no big deal you're such a sweetheart
g3PYG68p_xM-00001-00000300-00000484 just once come on we'll do it together
g3PYG68p_xM-00002-00000486-00000659 it's no big deal and I guess her
g3PYG68p_xM-00003-00000660-00000815 roommate's out of town so it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00004-00000816-00001187 deal come on you guys it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00005-00001188-00001366 picked up the wrong purse it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00006-00001367-00001523 deal okay we're just spending the night
g3PYG68p_xM-00007-00001524-00002326 in Vegas it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00008-00002327-00002573 it's no big deal believe me it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00009-00002574-00002789 deal I'll decide if it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00010-00002790-00002992 you're welcome
g3PYG68p_xM-00011-00002993-00003131 no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00012-00003132-00003335 it's no big deal he was cool about it
g3PYG68p_xM-00013-00003336-00003604 anyway like I say it's no big deal it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00014-00003605-00003953 no big deal a lot of guys
g3PYG68p_xM-00015-00003954-00004217 well it's no big deal I like that it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00016-00004218-00004456 no big deal everybody does it I'll grab
g3PYG68p_xM-00017-00004457-00004672 it it's no big deal come on TS it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00018-00004673-00004949 big deal that's no big deal it was in a
g3PYG68p_xM-00019-00004950-00005099 hurry it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00020-00005100-00005351 what do you expect me to say
g3PYG68p_xM-00021-00005352-00005567 that it's no big deal I mean you know
g3PYG68p_xM-00022-00005568-00005735 it's a deal if
g3PYG68p_xM-00023-00005736-00005947 you're around
g3PYG68p_xM-00024-00005948-00006256 Bingo 30 seconds he's out of here
g3PYG68p_xM-00025-00006257-00006569 it's no big deal it's no big deal it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00026-00006570-00006773 no big deal not a big deal she had
g3PYG68p_xM-00027-00006773-00006875 Zach's picture
g3PYG68p_xM-00028-00006876-00007463 mom
g3PYG68p_xM-00029-00007464-00007792 but hey it's no big deal is it lots of
g3PYG68p_xM-00030-00007793-00008014 guys do it it's no big deal I promise
g3PYG68p_xM-00031-00008015-00008255 it's no big deal it's no big deal you
g3PYG68p_xM-00032-00008256-00008453 look really really nice believe me it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00033-00008454-00008717 no big deal like it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00034-00008718-00008927 you're staying the night yeah
g3PYG68p_xM-00035-00008928-00009196 David it's no big deal there's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00036-00009197-00009551 deal but you will it's no big deal well
g3PYG68p_xM-00037-00009552-00009803 it's no big deal just do it act like
g3PYG68p_xM-00038-00009804-00010091 it's no big deal hey hey it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00039-00010092-00010306 deal but we're out here without any
g3PYG68p_xM-00040-00010307-00010595 protection it's no big deal nothing
g3PYG68p_xM-00041-00010596-00010781 happening and it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00042-00010782-00011074 it's no big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00043-00011075-00011363 it's no big deal okay
g3PYG68p_xM-00044-00011364-00011567 hey it's fine it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00045-00011568-00011717 Carter
g3PYG68p_xM-00046-00011718-00011909 it's no big deal don't worry about it
g3PYG68p_xM-00047-00011910-00012191 it's no big deal it's no big deal I
g3PYG68p_xM-00048-00012192-00012346 asked her to dinner she was going to her
g3PYG68p_xM-00049-00012347-00012569 mom's and invited me along it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00050-00012570-00012659 deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00051-00012660-00012802 it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00052-00012803-00013072 it's no big deal it's no big deal it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00053-00013073-00013385 no big deal well
g3PYG68p_xM-00054-00013386-00013655 no big deal it's no big deal I mean it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00055-00013656-00013858 just a casual thing it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00056-00013859-00014080 every marriage has them it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00057-00014081-00014291 I just play the fiddle it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00058-00014291-00014591 no big deal all right it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00059-00014591-00014999 it's no big deal okay okay Ryan it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00060-00015000-00015347 big deal yeah it's no big deal and I
g3PYG68p_xM-00061-00015347-00015641 told him Dad it's no big deal yeah
g3PYG68p_xM-00062-00015641-00015808 it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00063-00015809-00016007 it's no big deal to you it's just a game
g3PYG68p_xM-00064-00016008-00016372 that's no big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00065-00016373-00016536 whatever this is
g3PYG68p_xM-00066-00016537-00016711 [Music]
g3PYG68p_xM-00067-00016712-00017105 there's not work that's no big deal as
g3PYG68p_xM-00068-00017106-00017339 you said I think you said you've had
g3PYG68p_xM-00069-00017340-00017519 three kids together it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00070-00017520-00017908 it's no big deal it's no big deal just
g3PYG68p_xM-00071-00017909-00018167 engine failure it's no big deal we'll
g3PYG68p_xM-00072-00018168-00018347 just tell Stone and Audrey what happened
g3PYG68p_xM-00073-00018348-00018563 yeah people saw concert tickets every
g3PYG68p_xM-00074-00018564-00018797 day it's no big deal really it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00075-00018798-00019097 deal what's up with you if it doesn't
g3PYG68p_xM-00076-00019098-00019222 kill you it makes you stronger right
g3PYG68p_xM-00077-00019223-00019547 it's no big deal I know tons of people
g3PYG68p_xM-00078-00019548-00019894 who are adopted and it's no big deal I
g3PYG68p_xM-00079-00019895-00020117 know it's no big deal to you but I'm
g3PYG68p_xM-00080-00020118-00020261 having a harder time with this
g3PYG68p_xM-00081-00020262-00020579 uncertainty it's no big deal really it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00082-00020580-00020819 no big deal we got this hole in the
g3PYG68p_xM-00083-00020820-00021100 floor it's no big deal I mean it took me
g3PYG68p_xM-00084-00021101-00021389 months to finally to summon the courage
g3PYG68p_xM-00085-00021390-00021575 to come out to them and then treat it
g3PYG68p_xM-00086-00021576-00021814 like it's no big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00087-00021815-00022030 and this dude he said you should just
g3PYG68p_xM-00088-00022031-00022253 live with it like it's no big deal it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00089-00022254-00022547 no big deal it's no big deal it's public
g3PYG68p_xM-00090-00022548-00022805 school that's no big deal well you know
g3PYG68p_xM-00091-00022806-00022925 it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00092-00022926-00023207 it's no big deal oh it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00093-00023208-00023447 more important why don't you call me dad
g3PYG68p_xM-00094-00023448-00023686 I'd really like that but it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00095-00023687-00023903 deal because now you're back after
g3PYG68p_xM-00096-00023904-00024221 school it's no big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00097-00024222-00024389 okay
g3PYG68p_xM-00098-00024390-00024808 bye no big deal well I forgot okay it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00099-00024809-00025078 no big deal it's no big deal I'm used to
g3PYG68p_xM-00100-00025079-00025300 being on my own honestly it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00101-00025301-00025444 deal that it's just an old roach from
g3PYG68p_xM-00102-00025445-00025655 the last time I was here it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00103-00025656-00025727 deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00104-00025727-00026173 it's no big deal dude
g3PYG68p_xM-00105-00026174-00026543 it's no big deal it's no big deal people
g3PYG68p_xM-00106-00026544-00026717 talk about sex all the time like it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00107-00026718-00026908 big deal but
g3PYG68p_xM-00108-00026910-00027167 when you haven't done it and you're a
g3PYG68p_xM-00109-00027168-00027485 virgin it is a big deal when an ugly
g3PYG68p_xM-00110-00027486-00027707 chick dies it's like they life probably
g3PYG68p_xM-00111-00027708-00027917 sucked anyway so it's no big deal look
g3PYG68p_xM-00112-00027918-00028079 it's just an old school friend it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00113-00028080-00028331 big deal no no big deal I'm getting this
g3PYG68p_xM-00114-00028332-00028745 Lifetime Achievement Award thing and uh
g3PYG68p_xM-00115-00028745-00029045 it's no big deal but oh it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00116-00029045-00029507 I met a girl we're going out Nick I
g3PYG68p_xM-00117-00029508-00029662 think we should talk about something but
g3PYG68p_xM-00118-00029663-00029981 it's no big deal and I told them to
g3PYG68p_xM-00119-00029982-00030055 leave
g3PYG68p_xM-00120-00030056-00030395 so it's no big deal yeah I'm down with
g3PYG68p_xM-00121-00030395-00030546 the maps
g3PYG68p_xM-00122-00030547-00030893 you didn't say no yes it's it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00123-00030894-00031157 deal I've been drunk since May 2nd it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00124-00031158-00031439 not like this yeah nope just like spend
g3PYG68p_xM-00125-00031439-00031570 more time at Justin's or something okay
g3PYG68p_xM-00126-00031572-00031702 but you say that like it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00127-00031704-00031918 Beth okay well
g3PYG68p_xM-00128-00031919-00032249 I can't hide forever Max
g3PYG68p_xM-00129-00032250-00032573 it's no big deal oh my God it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00130-00032574-00032837 deal no big deal what
g3PYG68p_xM-00131-00032838-00033023 come on leads
g3PYG68p_xM-00132-00033024-00033359 it's no big deal seriously some people I
g3PYG68p_xM-00133-00033360-00033640 get stung it's no big deal he said he
g3PYG68p_xM-00134-00033641-00033881 said it's no big deal that's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00135-00033882-00034031 you don't get it
g3PYG68p_xM-00136-00034032-00034289 there's no big deal my cops told me oh
g3PYG68p_xM-00137-00034290-00034511 man please uh it's no big deal at all
g3PYG68p_xM-00138-00034512-00034702 it's a crying out loud there's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00139-00034703-00034949 deal he's a nice girl God it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00140-00034950-00035243 deal I'm sorry no no it's it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00141-00035244-00035512 deal it's no big deal Mr Williams so
g3PYG68p_xM-00142-00035513-00035596 what
g3PYG68p_xM-00143-00035597-00036005 it's no big deal no it's uh no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00144-00036006-00036311 Alice it's no big deal what happened
g3PYG68p_xM-00145-00036312-00036562 it's no big deal it's okay hey you're
g3PYG68p_xM-00146-00036563-00036790 not married yet no big deal it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00147-00036791-00037102 deal all right then but just let that
g3PYG68p_xM-00148-00037103-00037307 Kieran O'Donnell say one wrong word to
g3PYG68p_xM-00149-00037308-00037690 me relax it's no big deal no big deal um
g3PYG68p_xM-00150-00037691-00037829 I'll just
g3PYG68p_xM-00151-00037830-00038039 put it on the shelf for a little while
g3PYG68p_xM-00152-00038040-00038290 besides it's no big deal and that's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00153-00038291-00038507 big deal we'll be on tomorrow
g3PYG68p_xM-00154-00038508-00038729 just a game and it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00155-00038730-00038993 it's not a big deal it's not a big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00156-00038994-00039196 it's just a one-time experience it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00157-00039197-00039443 big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00158-00039444-00039785 it's no big deal yeah I just that's not
g3PYG68p_xM-00159-00039786-00040079 a big deal I just felt it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00160-00040080-00040343 you got a banger there's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00161-00040344-00040505 just don't
g3PYG68p_xM-00162-00040506-00040901 it's no big deal okay come on man hey
g3PYG68p_xM-00163-00040902-00041243 give us a break
g3PYG68p_xM-00164-00041244-00041357 so
g3PYG68p_xM-00165-00041358-00041537 all we have to do is buy like
g3PYG68p_xM-00166-00041538-00041801 semi-expensive outfits and act like it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00167-00041802-00042059 no big deal yeah but it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00168-00042060-00042268 it's no big deal though we'll take care
g3PYG68p_xM-00169-00042269-00042611 of it you okay that was no big deal I'm
g3PYG68p_xM-00170-00042612-00042790 sorry it's no big deal and you don't
g3PYG68p_xM-00171-00042791-00042959 need anything or it's no big deal and
g3PYG68p_xM-00172-00042960-00043180 you don't want me to wait for you I have
g3PYG68p_xM-00173-00043181-00043535 two daughters but uh
g3PYG68p_xM-00174-00043536-00043793 it's no big deal well if you gotta move
g3PYG68p_xM-00175-00043794-00043949 you gotta move you know it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00176-00043950-00044158 cool just act like you've been in a
g3PYG68p_xM-00177-00044159-00044321 house like that before and it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00178-00044322-00044639 deal no big deal if I come over here and
g3PYG68p_xM-00179-00044640-00044777 I stay at your table
g3PYG68p_xM-00180-00044778-00044945 hey if you have that [__] like this a
g3PYG68p_xM-00181-00044946-00045155 thousand times it's no big deal look
g3PYG68p_xM-00182-00045156-00045335 we're just having a dinner party it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00183-00045336-00045437 big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00184-00045438-00045599 Christina tell your mother goes wash
g3PYG68p_xM-00185-00045600-00045802 right out it's no big deal and sleep
g3PYG68p_xM-00186-00045803-00045958 wherever we've done it before it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00187-00045959-00046151 big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00188-00046152-00046402 die all the times no big deal might not
g3PYG68p_xM-00189-00046403-00046685 get in it's no big deal a big deal no no
g3PYG68p_xM-00190-00046686-00046955 a very big deal well I mean it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00191-00046956-00047315 deal no forget the sign it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00192-00047316-00047590 yeah just one more time it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00193-00047591-00048299 the moment passed it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00194-00048300-00048562 it's no big deal I don't think I'll ever
g3PYG68p_xM-00195-00048563-00048946 get those things it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00196-00048947-00049217 oh
g3PYG68p_xM-00197-00049218-00049402 there's it's no big deal there's room
g3PYG68p_xM-00198-00049403-00049745 hey if it's a no big deal why when I
g3PYG68p_xM-00199-00049746-00050002 come after you guys he starts screaming
g3PYG68p_xM-00200-00050003-00050261 like crazy and throw me a truck huh no
g3PYG68p_xM-00201-00050262-00050543 big deal no added costs give me a break
g3PYG68p_xM-00202-00050544-00050783 I played hurt before it's no big deal I
g3PYG68p_xM-00203-00050784-00050968 know it's no big deal we're just it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00204-00050969-00051232 relaxed it's no big deal believe me it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00205-00051233-00051814 not big deal oh it's no big deal relax
g3PYG68p_xM-00206-00051815-00052132 oh it's no big deal here let him hope
g3PYG68p_xM-00207-00052133-00052385 and brought you it's no big deal it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00208-00052386-00052609 big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00209-00052610-00052944 it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00210-00052945-00053363 that's no big deal it's no big deal it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00211-00053364-00053647 no big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00212-00053648-00054059 it's no big deal it's no big deal huh
g3PYG68p_xM-00213-00054060-00054316 come on it's no big deal it is tonight
g3PYG68p_xM-00214-00054317-00054642 really it's no big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00215-00054644-00055030 oh it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00216-00055032-00055288 it's no big deal look no it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00217-00055289-00055529 deal oh it's no big deal it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00218-00055529-00055775 deal just that would be the bullies we
g3PYG68p_xM-00219-00055776-00056009 ran into it's no big deal well and then
g3PYG68p_xM-00220-00056010-00056249 it's no big deal there's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00221-00056250-00056453 it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00222-00056454-00056585 no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00223-00056586-00056807 it's no big deal some people make it
g3PYG68p_xM-00224-00056808-00057053 seem like it's no big deal and I just
g3PYG68p_xM-00225-00057054-00057238 it's no big deal these days right some
g3PYG68p_xM-00226-00057239-00057544 guys see Mom naked it's no big deal just
g3PYG68p_xM-00227-00057545-00057863 for friends no big deal that's it right
g3PYG68p_xM-00228-00057864-00058138 it's no big deal no big deal you you
g3PYG68p_xM-00229-00058139-00058487 still want it even though uh oh oh sure
g3PYG68p_xM-00230-00058488-00058853 it's no big deal no big deal yeah
g3PYG68p_xM-00231-00058854-00059113 it's no big deal right it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00232-00059114-00059537 no big deal no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00233-00059538-00059782 it's no big deal you know just so now I
g3PYG68p_xM-00234-00059783-00060119 got offices new partners stationery a
g3PYG68p_xM-00235-00060120-00060485 partner yes no big deal it's no no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00236-00060486-00060563 deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00237-00060564-00060749 so you know I just I hope I see you guys
g3PYG68p_xM-00238-00060750-00060880 at the beach and
g3PYG68p_xM-00239-00060882-00061235 see ya it's no big deal it's cool oh
g3PYG68p_xM-00240-00061236-00061516 know maybe you know something deep no
g3PYG68p_xM-00241-00061517-00061775 it's no it's no big deal big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00242-00061776-00062038 most guys want to [__] my wife there's
g3PYG68p_xM-00243-00062039-00062147 no big deal if you fall
g3PYG68p_xM-00244-00062148-00062435 [Music]
g3PYG68p_xM-00245-00062436-00062765 you see it's no big deal what it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00246-00062766-00062999 big deal a lot look it's no big deal if
g3PYG68p_xM-00247-00063000-00063250 you're too scared to ask a girl out
g3PYG68p_xM-00248-00063251-00063492 what did Dr Phil also a lot of people
g3PYG68p_xM-00249-00063494-00063791 that's no big deal yeah it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00250-00063791-00064132 really it's no big deal I'll call when I
g3PYG68p_xM-00251-00064133-00064638 can manage a croak
g3PYG68p_xM-00252-00064639-00064900 it's not a big deal of course yeah it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00253-00064901-00065069 no big deal though I mean it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00254-00065070-00065159 deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00255-00065160-00065429 I'm not it's no big deal I just it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00256-00065429-00065623 big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00257-00065624-00066023 no big deal oh no it's no big deal I
g3PYG68p_xM-00258-00066024-00066232 guess it's not a big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00259-00066233-00066473 I know I don't I don't hate you all
g3PYG68p_xM-00260-00066474-00066731 right come on it's no big deal no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00261-00066732-00066976 yes it's no big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00262-00066977-00067450 the whole world sees my kids Cleo
g3PYG68p_xM-00263-00067451-00067726 it's no big deal Moss it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00264-00067727-00068399 go back out there and it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00265-00068400-00068693 just a traffic thing it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00266-00068694-00068891 no big deal but if you want to live
g3PYG68p_xM-00267-00068892-00069082 you've got to have a lot of it pumping
g3PYG68p_xM-00268-00069083-00069238 through the system for example just it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00269-00069239-00069376 no big deal they're gonna kick me out I
g3PYG68p_xM-00270-00069377-00069665 can't just walk onto the setup just like
g3PYG68p_xM-00271-00069666-00069988 come on it's no big deal all right
g3PYG68p_xM-00272-00069989-00070325 it's no big deal it's no big deal no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00273-00070326-00070517 deal we got all right look if it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00274-00070518-00070673 big deal to be Mr Pink you want to trade
g3PYG68p_xM-00275-00070674-00070955 hey it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00276-00070956-00071219 no it's no big deal because no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00277-00071220-00071435 his father has to co-sign the check so
g3PYG68p_xM-00278-00071436-00071621 you'll pitch him the story or something
g3PYG68p_xM-00279-00071622-00071747 or something very interesting no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00280-00071748-00071993 deal hey hey I'll do oh dude it happens
g3PYG68p_xM-00281-00071994-00072191 it's not a big deal and as far as the
g3PYG68p_xM-00282-00072192-00072300 author photo
g3PYG68p_xM-00283-00072301-00072575 it's not a big deal I mean yeah it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00284-00072576-00072803 big deal I do apologize it's the guys
g3PYG68p_xM-00285-00072804-00073109 from rip curls no big deal oh you'll
g3PYG68p_xM-00286-00073110-00073331 just give it to me yeah no big deal it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00287-00073332-00073675 no big deal all right
g3PYG68p_xM-00288-00073676-00073997 [__] dude it's cool tomorrow night it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00289-00073998-00074219 no big deal Earl says it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00290-00074220-00074375 and I can go pick them up okay I guess
g3PYG68p_xM-00291-00074376-00074567 it pays down there was no big deal it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00292-00074568-00074825 just his way very good but Eve Sarah it
g3PYG68p_xM-00293-00074826-00075088 was a movie poster it's no big deal I I
g3PYG68p_xM-00294-00075089-00075305 really just like haven't even thought
g3PYG68p_xM-00295-00075306-00075526 about it at all for sure thing for me
g3PYG68p_xM-00296-00075527-00075731 it's no big deal I was I was headed over
g3PYG68p_xM-00297-00075732-00075917 this way anyway so you want to leave
g3PYG68p_xM-00298-00075918-00076738 it's no big deal really but I promise
g3PYG68p_xM-00299-00076739-00076931 you follow that piece look all right
g3PYG68p_xM-00300-00076932-00077069 it's no big deal I'll save you a toe
g3PYG68p_xM-00301-00077070-00077321 Brian actually it's no big deal Adam
g3PYG68p_xM-00302-00077322-00077761 it's no big deal okay okay
g3PYG68p_xM-00303-00077762-00078071 so it's uh you know it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00304-00078072-00078275 I got into a bit of a script but it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00305-00078276-00078491 big deal we buy shoes told him to come
g3PYG68p_xM-00306-00078492-00078785 by and hang out whatever it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00307-00078786-00078953 deal I mean she lives right around the
g3PYG68p_xM-00308-00078954-00079169 corner it's no big deal but dude it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00309-00079170-00079438 just a scratch but it's all of them I
g3PYG68p_xM-00310-00079439-00079631 mean it's no big deal all this time I've
g3PYG68p_xM-00311-00079632-00079811 been worrying about it but if you turn
g3PYG68p_xM-00312-00079812-00080081 on the lights it's no big deal 100 will
g3PYG68p_xM-00313-00080082-00080219 be back in two hours it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00314-00080220-00080447 and it's no big deal they were just pop
g3PYG68p_xM-00315-00080448-00080681 pop it's no big deal oh oh come on
g3PYG68p_xM-00316-00080682-00080867 costume juice it's no big deal it's your
g3PYG68p_xM-00317-00080868-00081059 life someone's thinking about it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00318-00081060-00081179 big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00319-00081180-00081491 it's no big deal sell little smoke a
g3PYG68p_xM-00320-00081492-00081743 little no big deal nobody and nobody you
g3PYG68p_xM-00321-00081744-00081988 know Manny was like 15 years ago so it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00322-00081989-00082326 not yeah yeah no big deal really no yeah
g3PYG68p_xM-00323-00082327-00082582 like it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00324-00082583-00082756 [__] you know if I really wanted to go I
g3PYG68p_xM-00325-00082757-00082979 wouldn't
g3PYG68p_xM-00326-00082980-00083141 he says Nook I'm sorry to hear that no
g3PYG68p_xM-00327-00083142-00083735 no it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00328-00083736-00083987 you know it's no big deal but it could
g3PYG68p_xM-00329-00083988-00084238 be fun I um Bernard the dismantling
g3PYG68p_xM-00330-00084239-00084359 thing with the whole you know all the
g3PYG68p_xM-00331-00084360-00084497 Poetry stuff and all the things but I
g3PYG68p_xM-00332-00084498-00084629 got it I got it it's no big deal because
g3PYG68p_xM-00333-00084630-00084821 I got it now it's no big deal I it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00334-00084822-00085012 probably my mistake it's you know it's
g3PYG68p_xM-00335-00085013-00085306 no big deal relax okay okay
g3PYG68p_xM-00336-00085307-00085600 okay calm down I mean it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00337-00085601-00085912 for me I just really awful horrible oh
g3PYG68p_xM-00338-00085913-00086129 no it's not a big deal it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00339-00086130-00086311 you know deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00340-00086312-00086555 you're busy I'm busy I didn't want to
g3PYG68p_xM-00341-00086556-00086788 call and say we broke up we're already
g3PYG68p_xM-00342-00086789-00087005 here we'll help you guys out we should
g3PYG68p_xM-00343-00087006-00087250 stay oh no it's no big deal I live
g3PYG68p_xM-00344-00087251-00087400 another one sometimes not a big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00345-00087401-00087682 she's fine that's why I'm here what are
g3PYG68p_xM-00346-00087683-00088150 you doing okay
g3PYG68p_xM-00347-00088151-00088426 it's a big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00348-00088427-00088715 okay okay Friday we'll make it up to you
g3PYG68p_xM-00349-00088716-00088967 it's no big deal everyone does it take
g3PYG68p_xM-00350-00088968-00089135 no big deal I'm at night you know they
g3PYG68p_xM-00351-00089136-00089399 stay over for a few weeks or a month and
g3PYG68p_xM-00352-00089400-00089531 they take care of the baby at night so
g3PYG68p_xM-00353-00089532-00089699 Mom and Dad can get some sleep it's no
g3PYG68p_xM-00354-00089700-00089903 big deal what no but I mean it's no big
g3PYG68p_xM-00355-00089904-00090053 deal in comparison to what's going on in
g3PYG68p_xM-00356-00090054-00090731 the world
g3PYG68p_xM-00357-00090732-00090959 it's no big deal
g3PYG68p_xM-00358-00090960-00091268 you're such a sweetheart