k8g03veT0zY-00000-00000062-00001259 [Music]
k8g03veT0zY-00001-00001260-00001509 my name is and welcome back to the fire
k8g03veT0zY-00002-00001510-00001692 ring that is Red Hill gaming and today
k8g03veT0zY-00003-00001693-00001863 we're gonna be playing Raven field again
k8g03veT0zY-00004-00001864-00002256 feeling freaking around this game okay
k8g03veT0zY-00005-00002257-00002685 so before we get again I just like to
k8g03veT0zY-00006-00002686-00003113 say a big shout out to my Katy star-like
k8g03veT0zY-00007-00003114-00003729 players and team for their help on that
k8g03veT0zY-00008-00003729-00004205 video because forum you have four videos
k8g03veT0zY-00009-00004206-00004463 okay so let's see what what mode do we
k8g03veT0zY-00010-00004464-00004784 want no not no vehicles about assault
k8g03veT0zY-00011-00004785-00005963 mode I didn't dare you go
k8g03veT0zY-00012-00005964-00006200 huh
k8g03veT0zY-00013-00006201-00006412 okay here we go
k8g03veT0zY-00014-00006413-00006686 çb you don't want right maybe you really
k8g03veT0zY-00015-00006687-00007895 wanna bazooka not frag we can what about
k8g03veT0zY-00016-00007895-00008836 a what about an ammo bag hmm
k8g03veT0zY-00017-00008837-00009053 it's not any night time so we could just
k8g03veT0zY-00018-00009054-00010271 do that yeah it's like that Dan they're
k8g03veT0zY-00019-00010272-00010385 picking all the right ones for me okay
k8g03veT0zY-00020-00010386-00010430 good
k8g03veT0zY-00021-00010431-00010862 deploy all right let's uh let's get into
k8g03veT0zY-00022-00010863-00011389 this let's go
k8g03veT0zY-00023-00011390-00012179 well that should have me
k8g03veT0zY-00024-00012180-00012905 yeah we find out
k8g03veT0zY-00025-00012906-00013336 huh okay again we'll just let our team
k8g03veT0zY-00027-00017793-00020135 where they coming from
k8g03veT0zY-00029-00026475-00026690 yeah okay
k8g03veT0zY-00030-00026691-00026868 okay so I have I haven't been talking
k8g03veT0zY-00031-00026869-00027437 much but um wait a fire
k8g03veT0zY-00033-00033040-00033329 okay I'm back
k8g03veT0zY-00034-00033330-00034498 whoa rock the area to get that blown up
k8g03veT0zY-00035-00034499-00035014 oh yeah I think are we L we're at
k8g03veT0zY-00036-00035015-00037129 airport these helicopters where the hell
k8g03veT0zY-00037-00037130-00038534 that's right
k8g03veT0zY-00038-00038535-00039870 [Laughter]
k8g03veT0zY-00039-00039871-00041607 I got ran over what the heck this guy
k8g03veT0zY-00040-00041608-00041801 clearly doesn't know how to drug hang
k8g03veT0zY-00041-00041802-00042069 which is why I got to find a tank for
k8g03veT0zY-00042-00042070-00043308 him
k8g03veT0zY-00043-00043309-00044205 whoa going into battle yeah
k8g03veT0zY-00044-00044206-00045054 Oh get up buddy I was he in the car this
k8g03veT0zY-00045-00045055-00045201 is basically how Wars like you're doing
k8g03veT0zY-00046-00045202-00045330 you just shooting out in the distance
k8g03veT0zY-00047-00045331-00046587 hoping you hit something how what you
k8g03veT0zY-00048-00046588-00047136 doing in there making in hit me if you
k8g03veT0zY-00049-00047137-00048511 dare hit me with your best shot
k8g03veT0zY-00051-00052149-00053900 yes
k8g03veT0zY-00052-00053901-00054880 okay
k8g03veT0zY-00053-00054882-00056536 [Laughter]
k8g03veT0zY-00054-00056537-00056651 okay let's go
k8g03veT0zY-00055-00056652-00057628 [Laughter]
k8g03veT0zY-00056-00057629-00058682 whoa
k8g03veT0zY-00057-00058683-00059275 okay let's go um into battle are we
k8g03veT0zY-00058-00059276-00059828 going now which way
k8g03veT0zY-00059-00059829-00060894 oh snap guys guys her garage rack
k8g03veT0zY-00060-00060895-00061176 okay here we go
k8g03veT0zY-00061-00061177-00062276 [Music]
k8g03veT0zY-00062-00062277-00063344 got him
k8g03veT0zY-00063-00063345-00063950 got him
k8g03veT0zY-00064-00063951-00064405 whoa
k8g03veT0zY-00065-00064407-00065367 hello neighbor Wow got him
k8g03veT0zY-00066-00065369-00066463 what are you the guy ah great okay guys
k8g03veT0zY-00067-00066464-00066643 I think that's in it for this video if
k8g03veT0zY-00068-00066644-00066781 you like to be able to cut I leave like
k8g03veT0zY-00069-00066782-00066971 subscribe and I comment saying what you
k8g03veT0zY-00070-00066972-00067237 like me to next firing a Red Hill gaming
k8g03veT0zY-00071-00067238-00067511 she has next time
k8JBplPm5Hc-00000-00000062-00000301 an executive order as a directive issued
k8JBplPm5Hc-00001-00000302-00000653 by the President of the United States
k8JBplPm5Hc-00002-00000654-00000961 executive order may also refer to
k8JBplPm5Hc-00003-00000961-00001214 executive order an ordinance power of
k8JBplPm5Hc-00004-00001215-00001499 the President of the Philippines list of
k8JBplPm5Hc-00005-00001500-00002070 United States federal executive orders
k8JBplPm5Hc-00006-00002071-00002597 topic see also
k8JBplPm5Hc-00007-00002598-00002970 executive disambiguation executive
k8JBplPm5Hc-00008-00002971-00003399 orders 1996 novel by Tom Clancy high
k8JBplPm5Hc-00009-00003400-00003846 court order disambiguation presidential
k8JBplPm5Hc-00010-00003847-00004193 proclamation United States statutory
k8JBplPm5Hc-00011-00004194-00004455 instrument
k9EnlogupYc-00000-00001884-00002247 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00001-00002248-00003009 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00002-00003010-00003632 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00003-00003633-00004227 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00004-00004228-00004991 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00005-00004992-00005237 oh
k9EnlogupYc-00006-00005238-00005794 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00008-00012775-00012952 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00009-00012953-00013708 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00010-00013709-00014774 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00011-00014775-00015315 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00012-00015316-00016863 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00013-00016864-00018135 hey
k9EnlogupYc-00014-00018136-00020471 ah
k9EnlogupYc-00019-00041400-00043590 ah
k9EnlogupYc-00021-00048975-00051823 hey
k9EnlogupYc-00023-00056016-00056299 is
k9EnlogupYc-00024-00056300-00056759 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00025-00056760-00059023 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00026-00059024-00060389 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00029-00072127-00073662 yes
k9EnlogupYc-00031-00077816-00078283 you
k9EnlogupYc-00032-00078284-00079671 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00033-00079672-00079811 uh
k9EnlogupYc-00034-00079812-00080783 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00035-00080784-00082647 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00036-00082648-00082999 oh
k9EnlogupYc-00037-00083000-00083954 is
k9EnlogupYc-00038-00083955-00085191 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00039-00085192-00086862 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00041-00090976-00091862 my
k9EnlogupYc-00042-00091863-00092599 is
k9EnlogupYc-00043-00092600-00094143 yes
k9EnlogupYc-00044-00094144-00095767 huh
k9EnlogupYc-00045-00095768-00098567 i'm
k9EnlogupYc-00048-00107921-00109110 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00050-00112167-00113654 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00052-00117711-00119927 is
k9EnlogupYc-00053-00119928-00120671 yes
k9EnlogupYc-00054-00120672-00122143 yes
k9EnlogupYc-00057-00129367-00130552 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00058-00130553-00131854 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00059-00131855-00133293 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00060-00133294-00134111 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00061-00134112-00135417 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00062-00135418-00137327 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00063-00137328-00138927 m
k9EnlogupYc-00064-00138928-00141454 yes
k9EnlogupYc-00066-00145127-00146143 my god
k9EnlogupYc-00068-00149696-00151862 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00069-00151863-00152439 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00070-00152440-00154254 a
k9EnlogupYc-00072-00157567-00159239 is
k9EnlogupYc-00075-00173072-00174911 a
k9EnlogupYc-00080-00193972-00196551 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00082-00200079-00202350 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00085-00210040-00212887 my
k9EnlogupYc-00086-00212888-00215598 he's
k9EnlogupYc-00087-00215600-00216846 boom
k9EnlogupYc-00088-00216848-00217407 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00089-00217408-00220239 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00090-00220240-00223142 is
k9EnlogupYc-00091-00223144-00224823 is
k9EnlogupYc-00092-00224823-00225058 is
k9EnlogupYc-00094-00228383-00229396 i
k9EnlogupYc-00095-00229398-00231631 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00097-00237111-00238294 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00098-00238294-00239590 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00099-00239591-00239951 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00100-00239952-00240130 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00101-00240131-00241517 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00102-00241519-00241765 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00103-00241766-00243256 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00104-00243257-00243542 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00105-00243544-00244951 me
k9EnlogupYc-00107-00248816-00250734 okay
k9EnlogupYc-00109-00254410-00255930 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00110-00255931-00256287 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00111-00256288-00256642 if yes
k9EnlogupYc-00112-00256644-00258551 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00113-00258552-00261075 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00114-00261076-00262423 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00115-00262424-00264199 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00116-00264200-00265427 hey
k9EnlogupYc-00117-00265428-00268063 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00118-00268064-00270348 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00119-00270349-00270582 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00120-00270583-00273246 if
k9EnlogupYc-00121-00273247-00273668 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00122-00273669-00274582 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00123-00274583-00276912 i
k9EnlogupYc-00124-00276913-00278063 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00126-00281983-00283914 my
k9EnlogupYc-00127-00283915-00284042 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00128-00284043-00284202 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00129-00284203-00285099 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00130-00285100-00285510 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00133-00292110-00292454 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00136-00300928-00301647 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00137-00301648-00303687 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00138-00303688-00306654 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00139-00306655-00307639 no
k9EnlogupYc-00140-00307640-00308567 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00142-00312080-00312582 me
k9EnlogupYc-00143-00312583-00314810 uh
k9EnlogupYc-00144-00314811-00315175 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00145-00315176-00315597 to
k9EnlogupYc-00146-00315598-00316798 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00147-00316799-00317599 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00148-00317600-00318007 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00149-00318008-00320215 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00150-00320216-00320754 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00151-00320755-00322297 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00152-00322298-00323334 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00153-00323335-00324109 hello
k9EnlogupYc-00154-00324110-00324742 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00155-00324743-00324943 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00156-00324944-00325301 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00157-00325302-00325730 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00158-00325731-00327257 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00160-00330274-00331134 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00161-00331135-00331596 me
k9EnlogupYc-00162-00331597-00332006 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00163-00332007-00332273 yes
k9EnlogupYc-00164-00332274-00332297 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00165-00332298-00333479 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00166-00333480-00334037 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00167-00334038-00335755 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00168-00335756-00335999 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00169-00336000-00336219 is
k9EnlogupYc-00170-00336220-00336671 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00171-00336672-00336914 um
k9EnlogupYc-00172-00336915-00337706 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00173-00337707-00338247 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00174-00338248-00338413 oh
k9EnlogupYc-00175-00338414-00339551 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00176-00339552-00340242 so
k9EnlogupYc-00177-00340243-00341558 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00178-00341559-00341759 bye
k9EnlogupYc-00179-00341760-00341811 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00180-00341812-00342983 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00181-00342984-00343758 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00182-00343759-00344196 see
k9EnlogupYc-00183-00344197-00344734 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00184-00344735-00345013 let's go
k9EnlogupYc-00185-00345014-00347669 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00186-00347670-00348095 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00187-00348096-00348219 so
k9EnlogupYc-00188-00348220-00348880 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00189-00348881-00349579 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00190-00349580-00349644 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00191-00349645-00350310 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00192-00350311-00350836 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00193-00350837-00351487 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00194-00351488-00352630 thank
k9EnlogupYc-00195-00352631-00352830 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00196-00352831-00352980 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00197-00352981-00354839 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00201-00371667-00374110 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00202-00374111-00374542 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00203-00374543-00375478 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00204-00375479-00375769 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00205-00375770-00376184 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00207-00380024-00382734 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00208-00382735-00385702 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00211-00400255-00401114 by
k9EnlogupYc-00212-00401115-00401381 [Music]
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k9EnlogupYc-00214-00401700-00402450 [Music]
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k9EnlogupYc-00218-00404196-00404723 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00219-00404724-00404881 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00221-00408520-00409575 oh
k9EnlogupYc-00224-00417143-00417591 ah
k9EnlogupYc-00225-00417592-00419703 ah
k9EnlogupYc-00226-00419704-00422335 hmm
k9EnlogupYc-00227-00422335-00423583 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00228-00423584-00425022 so
k9EnlogupYc-00229-00425023-00426631 so
k9EnlogupYc-00230-00426632-00427599 so
k9EnlogupYc-00233-00439752-00441470 uh
k9EnlogupYc-00234-00441471-00442943 wow
k9EnlogupYc-00236-00447752-00449143 it
k9EnlogupYc-00237-00449143-00451759 oh
k9EnlogupYc-00238-00451760-00453655 just
k9EnlogupYc-00239-00453656-00456247 it
k9EnlogupYc-00240-00456247-00457495 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00241-00457496-00457821 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00242-00457822-00459110 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00243-00459112-00459495 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00244-00459496-00459996 uh
k9EnlogupYc-00245-00459997-00460088 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00246-00460089-00460463 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00247-00460464-00460983 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00248-00460984-00462263 okay
k9EnlogupYc-00249-00462264-00463622 okay
k9EnlogupYc-00250-00463623-00463728 um
k9EnlogupYc-00251-00463729-00463968 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00252-00463968-00466295 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00253-00466296-00466396 great
k9EnlogupYc-00254-00466397-00467052 [Music]
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k9EnlogupYc-00258-00469056-00470470 oh
k9EnlogupYc-00259-00470471-00470863 ciao
k9EnlogupYc-00260-00470864-00471172 ciao
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k9EnlogupYc-00263-00471471-00472479 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00264-00472480-00472679 my god
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k9EnlogupYc-00271-00476352-00477616 oh
k9EnlogupYc-00272-00477617-00478618 [Applause]
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k9EnlogupYc-00274-00478884-00479229 foreign you
k9EnlogupYc-00275-00479230-00481087 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00276-00481088-00481292 uh
k9EnlogupYc-00277-00481293-00481862 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00278-00481863-00482518 yes
k9EnlogupYc-00280-00486347-00486510 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00281-00486512-00487224 foreign
k9EnlogupYc-00282-00487225-00488639 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00283-00488639-00489245 wow
k9EnlogupYc-00284-00489246-00490302 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00285-00490303-00490718 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00286-00490719-00491079 so
k9EnlogupYc-00287-00491080-00493056 [Music]
k9EnlogupYc-00288-00493057-00493710 [Applause]
k9EnlogupYc-00290-00498304-00498607 oh
k9EnlogupYc-00292-00504063-00504271 you
kqFVtee9C7k-00000-00000058-00000278 scallions also known as green onions
kqFVtee9C7k-00001-00000279-00000536 spring onions or salad onions are
kqFVtee9C7k-00002-00000537-00000724 vegetables of various Allium onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00003-00000725-00001010 species scallions have a milder taste
kqFVtee9C7k-00004-00001011-00001220 than most onions their close relatives
kqFVtee9C7k-00005-00001221-00001507 include garlic shallot leek chives
kqFVtee9C7k-00006-00001508-00001705 spring onion and Chinese onion although
kqFVtee9C7k-00007-00001707-00001901 the bulbs of many Allium species are
kqFVtee9C7k-00008-00001902-00002123 used as food the defining characteristic
kqFVtee9C7k-00009-00002124-00002306 of scallion species is that they lack a
kqFVtee9C7k-00010-00002307-00002437 fully developed bulb
kqFVtee9C7k-00011-00002438-00002714 allium species referred to as scallions
kqFVtee9C7k-00012-00002715-00002917 have hollow tubular green leaves growing
kqFVtee9C7k-00013-00002918-00003047 directly from the bulb
kqFVtee9C7k-00014-00003048-00003251 these leaves are used as a vegetable
kqFVtee9C7k-00015-00003252-00003538 they are eaten either raw or cooked the
kqFVtee9C7k-00016-00003539-00003688 leaves are often chopped into other
kqFVtee9C7k-00017-00003689-00004411 dishes in the manner of onions or garlic
kqFVtee9C7k-00018-00004412-00004943 topic etymology
kqFVtee9C7k-00019-00004944-00005154 the word scallion and shallot are
kqFVtee9C7k-00020-00005155-00005336 related and can be traced back to the
kqFVtee9C7k-00021-00005337-00005525 Greek s colognian s colognian as
kqFVtee9C7k-00022-00005526-00005666 described by the Greek writer
kqFVtee9C7k-00023-00005667-00006011 Theophrastus this name in turn seems to
kqFVtee9C7k-00024-00006012-00006150 originate from the name of the ancient
kqFVtee9C7k-00025-00006151-00006461 canaan city of Ashkelon the plant itself
kqFVtee9C7k-00026-00006462-00007105 came from farther east of Europe
kqFVtee9C7k-00027-00007106-00007623 topic types
kqFVtee9C7k-00028-00007623-00007862 species and cultivars that may be called
kqFVtee9C7k-00029-00007863-00008498 scallions include a CEP a white Lisbon
kqFVtee9C7k-00030-00008499-00008814 white Lisbon winter hardy an extra Hardy
kqFVtee9C7k-00031-00008815-00009288 variety for overwintering Celtic a CEP a
kqFVtee9C7k-00032-00009289-00009635 VAR c EPA most of the cultivars grown in
kqFVtee9C7k-00033-00009636-00009837 the West primarily as scallions belong
kqFVtee9C7k-00034-00009838-00010173 to this variety however the scallions
kqFVtee9C7k-00035-00010174-00010613 from a CEP a var CEP a common onion are
kqFVtee9C7k-00036-00010614-00010803 from a young plant harvested before a
kqFVtee9C7k-00037-00010804-00011010 bulb forms are sometimes after slight
kqFVtee9C7k-00038-00011011-00011385 bulbing has occurred a CEP a var
kqFVtee9C7k-00039-00011386-00011637 aggregate 'm formerly a Ascalon tucum
kqFVtee9C7k-00040-00011638-00011832 commonly called shallots are sometimes
kqFVtee9C7k-00041-00011833-00012302 Echelon a chinnan's a fistulosum the
kqFVtee9C7k-00042-00012303-00012510 welsh onion does not form bulbs even
kqFVtee9C7k-00043-00012511-00012677 when mature and has grown in the West
kqFVtee9C7k-00044-00012678-00012894 almost exclusively as a scallion or
kqFVtee9C7k-00045-00012894-00013065 salad onion although in Asia this
kqFVtee9C7k-00046-00013066-00013290 species as a primary importance and used
kqFVtee9C7k-00047-00013291-00013682 both fresh and cooked a times
kqFVtee9C7k-00048-00013683-00014252 proliferative scallions
kqFVtee9C7k-00049-00014253-00014578 topic uses
kqFVtee9C7k-00050-00014579-00014760 you
kqFVtee9C7k-00051-00014761-00015009 spring onions may be cooked or used raw
kqFVtee9C7k-00052-00015010-00015237 as a part of salads salsas or Asian
kqFVtee9C7k-00053-00015238-00015549 recipes diced scallions are used in soup
kqFVtee9C7k-00054-00015550-00015788 noodle and seafood dishes sandwiches
kqFVtee9C7k-00055-00015790-00015999 curries and as part of a stir-fry in
kqFVtee9C7k-00056-00016000-00016272 many Eastern sauces the bottom half
kqFVtee9C7k-00057-00016272-00016479 centimeter quarter inch of the root is
kqFVtee9C7k-00058-00016480-00016824 commonly removed before use in Mexico
kqFVtee9C7k-00059-00016825-00016998 and the Southwest United States
kqFVtee9C7k-00060-00016999-00017166 Seba leaders are scallions that are
kqFVtee9C7k-00061-00017167-00017349 sprinkled with salt grilled whole and
kqFVtee9C7k-00062-00017350-00017601 eaten with cheese and rice topped with
kqFVtee9C7k-00063-00017602-00017682 lime juice
kqFVtee9C7k-00064-00017683-00017808 they are typically served as a
kqFVtee9C7k-00065-00017809-00017988 traditional accompaniment to asado
kqFVtee9C7k-00066-00017989-00018234 dishes in Catalan cuisine counted as a
kqFVtee9C7k-00067-00018235-00018438 type of onion traditionally eaten in a
kqFVtee9C7k-00068-00018439-00018674 Cal katate plural Cal coat aides a
kqFVtee9C7k-00069-00018675-00018933 popular gastronomic event of the same
kqFVtee9C7k-00070-00018934-00019104 name is held between the end of winter
kqFVtee9C7k-00071-00019105-00019296 and early spring where Cal kits are
kqFVtee9C7k-00072-00019297-00019479 grilled dipped in Salvi Chadha or
kqFVtee9C7k-00073-00019480-00019694 romesco sauce and consumed in massive
kqFVtee9C7k-00074-00019695-00019902 quantities in Japan scallions are
kqFVtee9C7k-00075-00019903-00020190 cultivated in two ways in western Japan
kqFVtee9C7k-00076-00020191-00020519 leaf green scallions are typically eaten
kqFVtee9C7k-00077-00020520-00020730 where only the green portion is consumed
kqFVtee9C7k-00078-00020731-00021102 in eastern Japan root green scallions
kqFVtee9C7k-00079-00021103-00021347 are popular the scallions are partially
kqFVtee9C7k-00080-00021348-00021569 buried so a portion of the stock is kept
kqFVtee9C7k-00081-00021570-00021864 underground as a result a significant
kqFVtee9C7k-00082-00021865-00022053 part of the stock remains white in color
kqFVtee9C7k-00083-00022054-00022328 and is cultivated to be very thick the
kqFVtee9C7k-00084-00022329-00022638 green portion of these root scallions
kqFVtee9C7k-00085-00022639-00022788 are discarded and the thick white
kqFVtee9C7k-00086-00022789-00023009 portions of the scallion are consumed in
kqFVtee9C7k-00087-00023010-00023283 Japanese cuisine scallions are used in
kqFVtee9C7k-00088-00023284-00023502 abundance as an accompaniment to tofu
kqFVtee9C7k-00089-00023503-00023817 noodle dishes hot pots and stir fries in
kqFVtee9C7k-00090-00023818-00024075 vietnam welsh onion is important to
kqFVtee9C7k-00091-00024076-00024306 prepare Dulhan fermented onions which is
kqFVtee9C7k-00092-00024307-00024525 served for Tet the Vietnamese new year a
kqFVtee9C7k-00093-00024526-00024849 kind of sauce mohan welsh onion fried in
kqFVtee9C7k-00094-00024850-00025094 oil is used in dishes such as calm tam
kqFVtee9C7k-00095-00025095-00025371 bonnet and caught him none welsh onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00096-00025372-00025547 is the main ingredient in the dish
kqFVtee9C7k-00097-00025548-00025755 chou-heung which is a rice porridge used
kqFVtee9C7k-00098-00025756-00026072 to treat the common cold in india it is
kqFVtee9C7k-00099-00026073-00026274 eaten as an appetizer raw with main
kqFVtee9C7k-00100-00026275-00026610 meals in North India coriander mint and
kqFVtee9C7k-00101-00026611-00026789 onion chutney are made using uncooked
kqFVtee9C7k-00102-00026791-00027024 scallions in the United Kingdom
kqFVtee9C7k-00103-00027025-00027264 scallions are normally chopped and added
kqFVtee9C7k-00104-00027264-00027446 to mashed potatoes or is an added
kqFVtee9C7k-00105-00027447-00027729 ingredient to potato salad in the
kqFVtee9C7k-00106-00027730-00027924 southern Philippines it is ground in a
kqFVtee9C7k-00107-00027925-00028122 mortar along with ginger and chili
kqFVtee9C7k-00108-00028123-00028311 to make a native condiment called wet
kqFVtee9C7k-00109-00028312-00028533 palapa which can be used to spice dishes
kqFVtee9C7k-00110-00028533-00028731 or is a topping for fried or sun dried
kqFVtee9C7k-00111-00028732-00029010 food it can also be used to make the dry
kqFVtee9C7k-00112-00029011-00029214 version of palapa when it is stir-fried
kqFVtee9C7k-00113-00029214-00029397 with fresh coconut shavings in wet
kqFVtee9C7k-00114-00029398-00029706 palapa during the Passover meal seder
kqFVtee9C7k-00115-00029707-00029889 Persian Jews whack each other with
kqFVtee9C7k-00116-00029889-00030111 scallions before singing the song Dahanu
kqFVtee9C7k-00117-00030112-00030288 symbolizing the whips endured by the
kqFVtee9C7k-00118-00030289-00030495 Israelites under the ancient Egyptians
kqFVtee9C7k-00119-00030495-00030735 and oil scallion oil is sometimes made
kqFVtee9C7k-00120-00030736-00030969 from the green leaves the leaves are
kqFVtee9C7k-00121-00030970-00031104 chopped and lightly cooked and
kqFVtee9C7k-00122-00031105-00031302 emulsified in oil which is used as a
kqFVtee9C7k-00123-00031302-00031862 garnish
kqFVtee9C7k-00124-00031863-00032231 topic nutritional value
kqFVtee9C7k-00125-00032232-00032433 you
kqFVtee9C7k-00126-00032435-00033081 see allium fistulosum
kqFVtee9C7k-00127-00033082-00033491 topic regional and other names
kqFVtee9C7k-00128-00033492-00033678 you
kqFVtee9C7k-00129-00033679-00033915 scallions have various other common
kqFVtee9C7k-00130-00033916-00034122 names throughout the world these names
kqFVtee9C7k-00131-00034123-00034371 include spring onion green onion table
kqFVtee9C7k-00132-00034372-00034644 onion salad onion onion stick long onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00133-00034645-00034884 baby onion precious onion yard onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00134-00034885-00035181 Gibbon Sai Bo and shallot scallion and
kqFVtee9C7k-00135-00035182-00035388 its many names can be mistakenly used
kqFVtee9C7k-00136-00035389-00035553 for the young plants of the shallot a
kqFVtee9C7k-00137-00035554-00035934 CEP a var aggregate 'm formerly a
kqFVtee9C7k-00138-00035935-00036192 Ascalon acum harvested before bulbs form
kqFVtee9C7k-00139-00036193-00036399 or sometimes after slight bulbing has
kqFVtee9C7k-00140-00036400-00036810 occurred Afghanistan known as Sh and a
kqFVtee9C7k-00141-00036811-00037308 pious meaning green onion Albania known
kqFVtee9C7k-00142-00037309-00037587 as cap 8a + Joma meaning young baby
kqFVtee9C7k-00143-00037588-00037938 onions arabic known in the Arabic
kqFVtee9C7k-00144-00037939-00038181 speaking countries is bezel actor green
kqFVtee9C7k-00145-00038182-00038538 onion Argentina known as Cibola de
kqFVtee9C7k-00146-00038539-00038737 verdeo and sea bullet
kqFVtee9C7k-00147-00038738-00039002 Australia the common names are spring
kqFVtee9C7k-00148-00039003-00039358 onions and shallots
kqFVtee9C7k-00149-00039359-00039641 Bangladesh in Bangla it is known as Pema
kqFVtee9C7k-00150-00039642-00040040 Jepara which means onion leaf or onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00151-00040041-00040198 leaves
kqFVtee9C7k-00152-00040199-00040462 Belgium in the dutch-speaking part it is
kqFVtee9C7k-00153-00040463-00040827 known as pitch Padua which means tubular
kqFVtee9C7k-00154-00040828-00040998 onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00155-00040999-00041310 Bosnia and Herzegovina known as Malati
kqFVtee9C7k-00156-00041311-00041457 luck
kqFVtee9C7k-00157-00041458-00041718 Brazil known as semolina which is also
kqFVtee9C7k-00158-00041719-00042003 the Portuguese word for chives a more
kqFVtee9C7k-00159-00042004-00042213 precise term as semolina Verde which
kqFVtee9C7k-00160-00042214-00042497 refers specifically to a fistulosum
kqFVtee9C7k-00161-00042498-00042767 Cambodia called
kqFVtee9C7k-00162-00042768-00043212 Canada known as green onion Caribbean
kqFVtee9C7k-00163-00043213-00043638 often referred to as chives China the
kqFVtee9C7k-00164-00043639-00043896 common name is Kong Kong Xiao Hong Xiao
kqFVtee9C7k-00165-00043897-00044135 Chun is another term for scallion
kqFVtee9C7k-00166-00044136-00044619 Colombia known as Cibola larga Costa
kqFVtee9C7k-00167-00044620-00045009 Rica usually sabayon Croatia
kqFVtee9C7k-00168-00045010-00045501 Malati luck meaning young onion Denmark
kqFVtee9C7k-00169-00045502-00045711 known as fours log when referring to
kqFVtee9C7k-00170-00045712-00045933 undeveloped a Pena and people egg when
kqFVtee9C7k-00171-00045934-00046230 referring to a fistulosum Dominican
kqFVtee9C7k-00172-00046231-00046656 Republic known as sabayon Ecuador known
kqFVtee9C7k-00173-00046657-00047037 as Cibola larga England and some
kqFVtee9C7k-00174-00047038-00047193 Commonwealth countries including
kqFVtee9C7k-00175-00047194-00047448 Singapore the most common name us spring
kqFVtee9C7k-00176-00047449-00047817 onion Estonia known as Roe Helene Sibyl
kqFVtee9C7k-00177-00047818-00048192 literally green onion Finland known as
kqFVtee9C7k-00178-00048193-00048408 Cavett's if you lie literally spring
kqFVtee9C7k-00179-00048409-00048803 onion France known as onion vert
kqFVtee9C7k-00180-00048804-00049397 literally green onion so bool and Sabet
kqFVtee9C7k-00181-00049398-00049653 germany and austria known as frühling
kqFVtee9C7k-00182-00049654-00049842 Zwiebel among other names which means
kqFVtee9C7k-00183-00049843-00050301 spring onion greece known as frisco
kqFVtee9C7k-00184-00050302-00050598 crema da ki Hungary known as you Jay
kqFVtee9C7k-00185-00050599-00050979 Jima literally new onion Iceland known
kqFVtee9C7k-00186-00050980-00051316 as voir louder literally spring onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00187-00051317-00051632 India may be referred to as spring onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00188-00051633-00051884 and in Hindi speaking areas as Harrop
kqFVtee9C7k-00189-00051885-00052094 ayahs in the eastern state of West
kqFVtee9C7k-00190-00052095-00052316 Bengal spring onions are referred to as
kqFVtee9C7k-00191-00052316-00052642 gotcha pamita literally meaning tree
kqFVtee9C7k-00192-00052644-00053017 onions Indonesia and Malaysia known as
kqFVtee9C7k-00193-00053019-00053300 Don Juan onion leaf the same term is
kqFVtee9C7k-00194-00053301-00053585 used for leaks Don Bao Wong para Chinese
kqFVtee9C7k-00195-00053586-00053741 chives which can be mistaken for
kqFVtee9C7k-00196-00053741-00054079 scallions are called Don couse I Israel
kqFVtee9C7k-00197-00054080-00054311 known as bats alia rock bezel York which
kqFVtee9C7k-00198-00054312-00054787 means green onion Iran known as pi etch
kqFVtee9C7k-00199-00054788-00055036 Ireland in Northern Ireland the term
kqFVtee9C7k-00200-00055037-00055469 scallions is commonly used Italy
kqFVtee9C7k-00201-00055470-00055721 known as Cipolla timber no winter onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00202-00055722-00055988 sip Piloto or sip Aletta which means
kqFVtee9C7k-00203-00055989-00056402 little onion sip piloti freshy fresh
kqFVtee9C7k-00204-00056403-00056627 little onions or sip ala verde green
kqFVtee9C7k-00205-00056628-00056861 onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00206-00056862-00057200 Japan known as Negi Kong Negi Jamaica
kqFVtee9C7k-00207-00057201-00057416 known as a scallion and refers to Welsh
kqFVtee9C7k-00208-00057416-00057752 onion Korea known as pop a larger
kqFVtee9C7k-00209-00057753-00057979 variety of allium fistulosum called da
kqFVtee9C7k-00210-00057980-00058298 EPA to a big scallion thinner early
kqFVtee9C7k-00211-00058299-00058502 variety called Shilpa silk thread
kqFVtee9C7k-00212-00058503-00058769 scallion Allium times Perla form called
kqFVtee9C7k-00213-00058770-00059104 jaeseok be a JIT at the kyrgyzstan known
kqFVtee9C7k-00214-00059105-00059366 as kk PS which literally translates to
kqFVtee9C7k-00215-00059366-00059626 blue onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00216-00059627-00059971 Latvia known as CIPA Loki Lithuania
kqFVtee9C7k-00217-00059972-00060160 known as lace kinis slogan is in
kqFVtee9C7k-00218-00060161-00060537 Lithuania which means leafy onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00219-00060538-00060765 Netherlands known as basu II which
kqFVtee9C7k-00220-00060766-00061067 literally translates as bundle onion or
kqFVtee9C7k-00221-00061069-00061152 lente
kqFVtee9C7k-00222-00061153-00061529 which translates as spring onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00223-00061530-00061809 New Zealand the common nameís spring
kqFVtee9C7k-00224-00061810-00061972 onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00225-00061973-00062259 Norway known as Varla bokmål or Varla
kqFVtee9C7k-00226-00062260-00062619 nynorsk Peru the common name is Cibola
kqFVtee9C7k-00227-00062620-00062888 China which means Chinese onion in
kqFVtee9C7k-00228-00062889-00063240 Spanish Philippines known as Sabri is
kqFVtee9C7k-00229-00063241-00063474 Nomura it is also called birding
kqFVtee9C7k-00230-00063475-00063842 Sibelius Portugal known as semele neo
kqFVtee9C7k-00231-00063843-00064215 Quebec known as a Sheila Romania known
kqFVtee9C7k-00232-00064216-00064547 as sefa verde which means green onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00233-00064548-00064665 Russia
kqFVtee9C7k-00234-00064666-00064917 known as Zeleny Gluck which means green
kqFVtee9C7k-00235-00064918-00065353 onion Scotland known as spring onion and
kqFVtee9C7k-00236-00065354-00065659 also in Scots as CBS or CBS from the
kqFVtee9C7k-00237-00065660-00066084 French cybo Serbia known as Malati luck
kqFVtee9C7k-00238-00066085-00066498 which means young onion Slovakia known
kqFVtee9C7k-00239-00066499-00066666 as sabaki which is an irregular
kqFVtee9C7k-00240-00066667-00066999 diminutive of onions place or simply
kqFVtee9C7k-00241-00067000-00067194 Jharna chee Beulah which means spring
kqFVtee9C7k-00242-00067195-00067650 onion Spain known as Tsuboi Aida in the
kqFVtee9C7k-00243-00067651-00067878 little city of Vols Catalonia there's a
kqFVtee9C7k-00244-00067879-00068076 local traditional variety of sweetie
kqFVtee9C7k-00245-00068077-00068427 onion named Calkins Srilanka known as
kqFVtee9C7k-00246-00068428-00068706 Luna Cola which literally means onion
kqFVtee9C7k-00247-00068707-00069063 leaves or in Tamil is thank the aatul
kqFVtee9C7k-00248-00069064-00069288 Sweden known as salads lock in Swedish
kqFVtee9C7k-00249-00069289-00069618 salad onion as a general name for onions
kqFVtee9C7k-00250-00069619-00069816 with not yet fully developed bulbs and
kqFVtee9C7k-00251-00069817-00070110 pip lock pipe onion when referring to a
kqFVtee9C7k-00252-00070111-00070404 fistulosum the term VAR lock spring
kqFVtee9C7k-00253-00070405-00070707 onion is sometimes also used but that is
kqFVtee9C7k-00254-00070708-00070905 a misnomer caused by translating the
kqFVtee9C7k-00255-00070906-00071215 English spring onion var lock is the
kqFVtee9C7k-00256-00071216-00071434 Swedish name for gay Jia you Jia which
kqFVtee9C7k-00257-00071435-00071666 is inedible and not an onion at all
kqFVtee9C7k-00258-00071667-00071931 turkey known as taste so ghen meaning
kqFVtee9C7k-00259-00071932-00072315 fresh onion United States known as
kqFVtee9C7k-00260-00072316-00072726 scallion or green onion except for the
kqFVtee9C7k-00261-00072727-00072903 New Orleans area where it is known as
kqFVtee9C7k-00262-00072904-00073287 shallot the term green onion is also
kqFVtee9C7k-00263-00073288-00073500 used in reference to immature specimens
kqFVtee9C7k-00264-00073501-00073728 of the ordinary onion allium see EPA
kqFVtee9C7k-00265-00073729-00074071 harvested in the spring United Kingdom
kqFVtee9C7k-00266-00074072-00074169 and some Commonwealth countries
kqFVtee9C7k-00267-00074170-00074418 including Singapore the most common name
kqFVtee9C7k-00268-00074419-00074919 as spring onion vietnam known as hon lon
kqFVtee9C7k-00269-00074920-00075394 which means leaf onion scallion
kqFVtee9C7k-00270-00075395-00075736 means leave in order to distinguish with
kqFVtee9C7k-00271-00075737-00076261 Conte which means onion Wales known as
kqFVtee9C7k-00272-00076262-00076696 spring onion or Gibbon also known in
kqFVtee9C7k-00273-00076697-00076936 South Wales is SIB own pronounced she
kqFVtee9C7k-00274-00076937-00077229 boon from the French cybo
kqFVtee9C7k-00275-00077230-00077604 equals equals see also
krrW35ylTrQ-00000-00000048-00000254 hey everybody cody here you might
krrW35ylTrQ-00001-00000256-00000407 recognize me if you've seen any of the
krrW35ylTrQ-00002-00000408-00000559 teen writers post but
krrW35ylTrQ-00003-00000560-00000815 i'm not as familiar over here so i'm
krrW35ylTrQ-00004-00000816-00000975 taking over the teen artist today
krrW35ylTrQ-00005-00000976-00001207 and we're gonna be making mixed media
krrW35ylTrQ-00006-00001208-00001335 collages
krrW35ylTrQ-00007-00001336-00001663 so what's a mixed media collage well
krrW35ylTrQ-00008-00001664-00001830 you probably already know what collages
krrW35ylTrQ-00009-00001832-00001982 are right you know clipping
krrW35ylTrQ-00010-00001984-00002223 magazines and newspapers and like
krrW35ylTrQ-00011-00002224-00002359 putting them together
krrW35ylTrQ-00012-00002360-00002583 but mixed media collages actually
krrW35ylTrQ-00013-00002584-00002831 encourage you to go a little bit further
krrW35ylTrQ-00014-00002832-00003079 instead of just magazines and newspapers
krrW35ylTrQ-00015-00003080-00003286 think anything you can find around the
krrW35ylTrQ-00016-00003288-00003351 house
krrW35ylTrQ-00017-00003352-00003631 think maybe old cloth that you don't use
krrW35ylTrQ-00018-00003632-00003759 anymore think like
krrW35ylTrQ-00019-00003760-00004063 maybe some dirt or some grass or
krrW35ylTrQ-00020-00004064-00004167 whatever right
krrW35ylTrQ-00021-00004168-00004479 think about you know markers think about
krrW35ylTrQ-00022-00004480-00004870 pens pencils ink anything you want to
krrW35ylTrQ-00023-00004871-00004911 use
krrW35ylTrQ-00024-00004912-00005111 anything except for grabs to show you
krrW35ylTrQ-00025-00005112-00005279 just how weird you can get
krrW35ylTrQ-00026-00005280-00005486 let me show you a quick and old example
krrW35ylTrQ-00027-00005487-00005783 of something that i made for a
krrW35ylTrQ-00028-00005784-00006199 so if you look at this and you step back
krrW35ylTrQ-00029-00006200-00006391 it doesn't look like much right it looks
krrW35ylTrQ-00030-00006392-00006606 pretty normal looks pretty typical
krrW35ylTrQ-00031-00006608-00006934 but then if you get closer notice what i
krrW35ylTrQ-00032-00006936-00007031 have
krrW35ylTrQ-00033-00007031-00007255 for the brown here if you can see in the
krrW35ylTrQ-00034-00007256-00007351 camera
krrW35ylTrQ-00035-00007352-00007687 i put dirt and coffee grounds and mixed
krrW35ylTrQ-00036-00007688-00007774 them together
krrW35ylTrQ-00037-00007775-00007974 and then glued them to the black of this
krrW35ylTrQ-00038-00007975-00008134 paper to give it that
krrW35ylTrQ-00039-00008136-00008327 really interesting texture that you may
krrW35ylTrQ-00040-00008328-00008574 or may not be able to pick up
krrW35ylTrQ-00041-00008575-00008903 also down here instead of just painting
krrW35ylTrQ-00042-00008904-00008983 it red
krrW35ylTrQ-00043-00008984-00009287 i decided to include curtain fabric and
krrW35ylTrQ-00044-00009288-00009463 make it just kind of like really
krrW35ylTrQ-00045-00009464-00009735 unsettling as the hands are reaching
krrW35ylTrQ-00046-00009736-00009927 down into it
krrW35ylTrQ-00047-00009928-00010231 so what are you thinking about making i
krrW35ylTrQ-00048-00010232-00010295 don't know
krrW35ylTrQ-00049-00010296-00010446 let's get over to the studio and find
krrW35ylTrQ-00050-00010447-00010614 out shall we all right
krrW35ylTrQ-00051-00010615-00010887 so i'm planning on keeping my collage
krrW35ylTrQ-00052-00010888-00011078 today pretty simple but just so you can
krrW35ylTrQ-00053-00011079-00011310 get an idea of what all you can do
krrW35ylTrQ-00054-00011311-00011471 look at all these different things that
krrW35ylTrQ-00055-00011472-00011623 i have on the desk here
krrW35ylTrQ-00056-00011624-00011846 you know there's some classic googly
krrW35ylTrQ-00057-00011847-00012023 eyes sort of fun stuff
krrW35ylTrQ-00058-00012024-00012303 you have some tape some glue i have some
krrW35ylTrQ-00059-00012304-00012583 regular glue glue sticks some scissors
krrW35ylTrQ-00060-00012584-00012951 um if you have one it is okay if not
krrW35ylTrQ-00061-00012952-00013143 but sometimes an exacto knife can be
krrW35ylTrQ-00062-00013144-00013319 really helpful for cutting stuff out
krrW35ylTrQ-00063-00013319-00013663 of magazines and such which
krrW35ylTrQ-00064-00013663-00013886 you can see right here that i just kind
krrW35ylTrQ-00065-00013887-00014022 of collected a few
krrW35ylTrQ-00066-00014023-00014222 i've already cut out what i want to use
krrW35ylTrQ-00067-00014223-00014358 today
krrW35ylTrQ-00068-00014359-00014711 but sometimes i find that it's easier to
krrW35ylTrQ-00069-00014712-00014791 get started
krrW35ylTrQ-00070-00014791-00015111 if you have a general theme right so my
krrW35ylTrQ-00071-00015112-00015230 theme today
krrW35ylTrQ-00072-00015231-00016119 is going to be
krrW35ylTrQ-00073-00016119-00016686 beauty not to mention you got paints
krrW35ylTrQ-00074-00016687-00017399 you can use
krrW35ylTrQ-00075-00017400-00017775 pins markers and i have my paint brushes
krrW35ylTrQ-00076-00017776-00017855 here
krrW35ylTrQ-00077-00017856-00018158 i have a nice little metallic sharpie
krrW35ylTrQ-00078-00018159-00018407 uh literally anything that you can find
krrW35ylTrQ-00079-00018408-00018479 at home
krrW35ylTrQ-00080-00018480-00018735 is perfect because the whole point of
krrW35ylTrQ-00081-00018736-00018935 this is you want to mix different things
krrW35ylTrQ-00082-00018936-00019039 together right
krrW35ylTrQ-00083-00019040-00019255 so the more different things you have
krrW35ylTrQ-00084-00019256-00019463 the cooler everything's going to look
krrW35ylTrQ-00085-00019464-00019663 so let's see how this one will pan out
krrW35ylTrQ-00086-00019664-00019975 let me get this cleared off
krrW35ylTrQ-00087-00019976-00021702 and then let's get started
krrW35ylTrQ-00088-00021703-00022246 [Music]
krrW35ylTrQ-00089-00022247-00024342 [Music]
krrW35ylTrQ-00090-00024343-00024655 and there you go
krrW35ylTrQ-00091-00024656-00024894 all right so now it's your turn go ahead
krrW35ylTrQ-00092-00024895-00025055 and pick a theme if you feel like
krrW35ylTrQ-00093-00025056-00025214 picking a theme or don't if it's not
krrW35ylTrQ-00094-00025215-00025311 really your thing
krrW35ylTrQ-00095-00025312-00025494 grab some stuff around the house grab
krrW35ylTrQ-00096-00025495-00025767 something really interesting and unique
krrW35ylTrQ-00097-00025768-00026078 and have at it have some fun then if you
krrW35ylTrQ-00098-00026079-00026223 make anything that you're particularly
krrW35ylTrQ-00099-00026224-00026327 proud of or
krrW35ylTrQ-00100-00026327-00026583 particularly inspired by go ahead and
krrW35ylTrQ-00101-00026583-00026783 post it on facebook twitter
krrW35ylTrQ-00102-00026783-00026943 instagram or any other kind of social
krrW35ylTrQ-00103-00026944-00027183 media and tag the topeka library
krrW35ylTrQ-00104-00027183-00027358 because i know for myself i would love
krrW35ylTrQ-00105-00027360-00027543 to see what y'all come up with
krrW35ylTrQ-00106-00027544-00027735 all right that about does it for me i
krrW35ylTrQ-00107-00027736-00027879 hope you have fun i hope you have a good
krrW35ylTrQ-00108-00027880-00028007 time i hope this is
krrW35ylTrQ-00109-00028008-00028167 something interesting and different for
krrW35ylTrQ-00110-00028168-00028351 y'all and stay safe
krrW35ylTrQ-00111-00028352-00028623 stay healthy stay well and stay creative
krrW35ylTrQ-00112-00028624-00029552 see you next time
kr-udty0yVy-00000-00000050-00001162 [Music]
kr-udty0yVy-00001-00001163-00001305 foreign
kr-udty0yVy-00003-00005003-00005500 foreign
kr-udty0yVy-00004-00005501-00007445 [Music]
kr-udty0yVy-00005-00007445-00009571 foreign
kr-udty0yVy-00006-00009572-00010878 [Music]
kr-udty0yVy-00007-00010879-00011807 thank you
kr-udty0yVy-00008-00011808-00014099 [Music]
kr-udty0yVy-00009-00014100-00014686 foreign
kr-udty0yVy-00010-00014687-00015409 foreign
kr-udty0yVy-00012-00019122-00019284 remember
kr-udty0yVy-00013-00019285-00022108 [Music]
kr-udty0yVy-00014-00022109-00023669 foreign
ktXNQYTCNRY-00000-00000024-00000231 hey dj you just uh describe your
ktXNQYTCNRY-00001-00000231-00000342 feelings as you guys
ktXNQYTCNRY-00002-00000343-00000574 really continue to struggle to put once
ktXNQYTCNRY-00003-00000575-00000719 together
ktXNQYTCNRY-00004-00000720-00000886 uh yeah i mean we're frustrated we're
ktXNQYTCNRY-00005-00000888-00001127 frustrated um
ktXNQYTCNRY-00006-00001128-00001303 you know we're we're not uh we're not
ktXNQYTCNRY-00007-00001304-00001487 helping all our pitchers uh
ktXNQYTCNRY-00008-00001488-00001655 you know like we know we like we know we
ktXNQYTCNRY-00009-00001655-00001918 can um
ktXNQYTCNRY-00010-00001919-00002087 you know it's not it's not one guy it's
ktXNQYTCNRY-00011-00002088-00002302 it's all of us
ktXNQYTCNRY-00012-00002303-00002447 did you feel better you had a couple of
ktXNQYTCNRY-00013-00002448-00002695 those yeah yeah i'm grinding
ktXNQYTCNRY-00014-00002696-00002984 um just trying to compete and
ktXNQYTCNRY-00015-00002985-00003126 [Music]
ktXNQYTCNRY-00016-00003127-00003390 you know just trying to do my part and
ktXNQYTCNRY-00017-00003392-00003719 do everything i can
ktXNQYTCNRY-00018-00003720-00004183 go next to meredith
ktXNQYTCNRY-00019-00004184-00004391 dj it seems like frustration has kind of
ktXNQYTCNRY-00020-00004392-00004575 been the theme for the offense
ktXNQYTCNRY-00021-00004576-00004854 this year how much does that lead to bad
ktXNQYTCNRY-00022-00004855-00004951 habits
ktXNQYTCNRY-00023-00004952-00005263 at the plate as a whole i think it's
ktXNQYTCNRY-00024-00005264-00005383 something that we all need to be
ktXNQYTCNRY-00025-00005384-00005567 conscious of
ktXNQYTCNRY-00026-00005568-00005870 you know just staying aggressive
ktXNQYTCNRY-00027-00005871-00006143 you know not not doubting ourselves and
ktXNQYTCNRY-00028-00006144-00006351 staying aggressive and
ktXNQYTCNRY-00029-00006352-00006591 all the things we've talked about just
ktXNQYTCNRY-00030-00006592-00006734 hasn't come easy for us
ktXNQYTCNRY-00031-00006736-00006998 you know offensively so far why do you
ktXNQYTCNRY-00032-00007000-00007183 think it has been such a grind
ktXNQYTCNRY-00033-00007184-00007406 offensively and even more than that
ktXNQYTCNRY-00034-00007408-00007614 it seems like at times the entire
ktXNQYTCNRY-00035-00007615-00007806 offense is struggling not just
ktXNQYTCNRY-00036-00007808-00008087 a couple of guys yeah yeah i mean can't
ktXNQYTCNRY-00037-00008088-00008199 put my finger on it
ktXNQYTCNRY-00038-00008200-00008559 um you know i i've
ktXNQYTCNRY-00039-00008560-00008839 guys are working their tails off um you
ktXNQYTCNRY-00040-00008840-00008951 know individually
ktXNQYTCNRY-00041-00008952-00009278 uh just collectively we just um
ktXNQYTCNRY-00042-00009279-00009535 yeah we just haven't we just haven't put
ktXNQYTCNRY-00043-00009536-00009735 a great week a great month
ktXNQYTCNRY-00044-00009736-00010184 uh you know together yet
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00000-00001478-00001768 I thought I was detecting extreme chaos
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00001-00001769-00002047 around here what a good idea Professor
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00002-00002048-00004122 Justice never sleeps let's go
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00003-00004123-00004583 little friends come and keep the peace
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00004-00004584-00005662 what
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00005-00005663-00005915 [Music]
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00006-00005916-00006286 let's go this way oh oh yes that will be
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00007-00006287-00007175 more than enough
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00008-00007176-00007427 hey
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00009-00007428-00008265 [Music]
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00010-00008266-00009127 [Music]
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00011-00009128-00009745 finish them
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00012-00009746-00010151 if no one distracts me I can stop it I
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00014-00014173-00014628 what happened
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00015-00014629-00015157 [Music]
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00016-00015158-00015379 nothing would have stopped that dinosaur
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00017-00015380-00015622 thanks to your idea with a ferris wheel
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00018-00015623-00015922 oh no that's right what happened what
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00019-00015923-00016144 happened I have to go build a new ferris
ku9oQ6gN2iA-00020-00016145-00016369 wheel
kxh4BrUykPg-00000-00000003-00002184 single pennant I did it I go shopping
kxh4BrUykPg-00001-00002185-00002997 I need carrots milk and butter for
kxh4BrUykPg-00002-00002998-00003156 carrot muffins
kxh4BrUykPg-00003-00003157-00003820 I need corn
kxh4BrUykPg-00004-00003821-00004735 I need corn I need hmm mushrooms
kxh4BrUykPg-00005-00004736-00005193 I need a shroom
kxh4BrUykPg-00006-00005194-00005691 I mean buh-buh broccoli
kxh4BrUykPg-00007-00005692-00006681 I need broccoli well you didn't buy
kxh4BrUykPg-00008-00006683-00007423 carrots milk and butter uh-huh we can
kxh4BrUykPg-00009-00007423-00008160 cook a different food we need a large
kxh4BrUykPg-00010-00008161-00008596 pizza I love pizza
kxh4BrUykPg-00011-00008597-00009178 [Music]
kxh4BrUykPg-00012-00009179-00009595 single cannon I did a tip bang consetta
kxh4BrUykPg-00013-00009596-00010052 I go shopping
kxh4BrUykPg-00014-00010053-00010865 I need carrots milk and butter for
kxh4BrUykPg-00015-00010866-00011024 carrot muffins
kxh4BrUykPg-00016-00011025-00011684 I need corn
kxh4BrUykPg-00017-00011685-00012605 I need corn I need hmm mushrooms
kxh4BrUykPg-00018-00012606-00013043 I need a shroom
kxh4BrUykPg-00019-00013044-00013769 I mean buh-buh broccoli i need broccoli
kxh4BrUykPg-00020-00013771-00014281 [Music]
kxh4BrUykPg-00021-00014282-00014741 well you didn't buy carrots milk and
kxh4BrUykPg-00022-00014741-00015679 butter haha we can cook a different food
kxh4BrUykPg-00023-00015680-00015816 [Music]
kxh4BrUykPg-00024-00015818-00016749 we need a large pizza I love pizza
kxh4BrUykPg-00025-00016750-00017054 you
kxh4BrUykPg-00026-00017055-00017429 single cannon I did it take banking
kxh4BrUykPg-00027-00017430-00017916 sector I go shopping
kxh4BrUykPg-00028-00017917-00018732 I need carrots milk and butter for
kxh4BrUykPg-00029-00018733-00018891 carrot muffins
kxh4BrUykPg-00030-00018892-00019551 I need corn
kxh4BrUykPg-00031-00019552-00020457 I need corn I need hmm mushrooms
kxh4BrUykPg-00032-00020458-00020928 I need a shroom
kxh4BrUykPg-00033-00020929-00021637 I'm the broccoli I need broccoli
kxh4BrUykPg-00034-00021638-00022147 [Music]
kxh4BrUykPg-00035-00022148-00022608 well you didn't buy carrots milk and
kxh4BrUykPg-00036-00022609-00023546 butter haha we can cook a different food
kxh4BrUykPg-00037-00023547-00023683 [Music]
kxh4BrUykPg-00038-00023684-00024329 we need a large pizza I love pizza
kxh4BrUykPg-00039-00024330-00024919 [Music]
kxh4BrUykPg-00040-00024920-00025328 single pennant I didn't it burns hotter
kxh4BrUykPg-00041-00025329-00025783 I go shopping
kxh4BrUykPg-00042-00025783-00026593 I need carrots milk and butter for
kxh4BrUykPg-00043-00026594-00026758 carrot muffins
kxh4BrUykPg-00044-00026758-00027418 I need corn
kxh4BrUykPg-00045-00027419-00028339 I need corn I need hmm mushrooms
kxh4BrUykPg-00046-00028339-00028795 I need a shroom
kxh4BrUykPg-00047-00028797-00029294 I mean the broccoli
kxh4BrUykPg-00048-00029295-00030281 I need broccoli well you didn't buy
kxh4BrUykPg-00049-00030282-00031022 carrots milk and butter ha ha we can
kxh4BrUykPg-00050-00031023-00031763 cook a different food we need a large
kxh4BrUykPg-00051-00031764-00032195 pizza I love pizza
kxh4BrUykPg-00052-00032197-00032778 [Music]
kxh4BrUykPg-00053-00032779-00033195 single cannon I did a tip bang consetta
kxh4BrUykPg-00054-00033196-00033649 I go shopping
kxh4BrUykPg-00055-00033650-00034465 I need carrots milk and butter for
kxh4BrUykPg-00056-00034466-00034728 carrot muffins
kxh4BrUykPg-00057-00034729-00035460 I need corn i need corn
kxh4BrUykPg-00058-00035461-00036204 I need hmm mushrooms
kxh4BrUykPg-00059-00036205-00036642 I need a shroom
kxh4BrUykPg-00060-00036643-00037161 I mean the broccoli
kxh4BrUykPg-00061-00037162-00038148 I need broccoli well you didn't buy
kxh4BrUykPg-00062-00038149-00038796 carrots milk and butter uh-huh
kxh4BrUykPg-00063-00038797-00039555 we can cook a different food we need a
kxh4BrUykPg-00064-00039556-00040063 large pizza I love pizza
kxh4BrUykPg-00065-00040064-00040654 [Music]
kxh4BrUykPg-00066-00040655-00041278 single cannon I didn't take my guns haha
ky_TcP-gNNI-00000-00000048-00000262 today i'm going to show you a rotator
ky_TcP-gNNI-00001-00000263-00000383 cuff control
ky_TcP-gNNI-00002-00000384-00000711 exercise for your shoulder pain we
ky_TcP-gNNI-00003-00000712-00000831 believe in the clinic
ky_TcP-gNNI-00004-00000832-00001039 having control first make it move better
ky_TcP-gNNI-00005-00001040-00001223 then we can move more in this case leave
ky_TcP-gNNI-00006-00001224-00001327 more weight
ky_TcP-gNNI-00007-00001328-00001702 so i want to have a bend pull it apart
ky_TcP-gNNI-00008-00001703-00001982 and while you hold it apart i want you
ky_TcP-gNNI-00009-00001984-00002023 to
ky_TcP-gNNI-00010-00002023-00002295 turn one arm clockwise and
ky_TcP-gNNI-00011-00002296-00002447 counterclockwise
ky_TcP-gNNI-00012-00002448-00002687 as you do so make sure you can have all
ky_TcP-gNNI-00013-00002688-00002775 the rotation
ky_TcP-gNNI-00014-00002776-00003118 happening in the arm only and not
ky_TcP-gNNI-00015-00003119-00003359 with the shoulder blade or not by the
ky_TcP-gNNI-00016-00003360-00003535 elbows only
ky_TcP-gNNI-00017-00003536-00003815 we recommend 30 reps clockwise and
ky_TcP-gNNI-00018-00003815-00003935 counterclockwise
ky_TcP-gNNI-00019-00003936-00004151 or when you start to feel too much
ky_TcP-gNNI-00020-00004152-00004327 discomfort or engagement upper trap and
ky_TcP-gNNI-00021-00004328-00004367 neck
ky_TcP-gNNI-00022-00004368-00004599 that's not a good sign so give this a
ky_TcP-gNNI-00023-00004600-00004719 try and make sure
ky_TcP-gNNI-00024-00004720-00004959 you tag a friend who always struggle
ky_TcP-gNNI-00025-00004960-00005576 with their shoulder pain
kyHwFsL0gku-00000-00000017-00000299 it's not rocket science was a British
kyHwFsL0gku-00001-00000300-00000536 television show that has aired on ITV in
kyHwFsL0gku-00002-00000537-00000899 early 2016 it was presented by Rachel
kyHwFsL0gku-00003-00000900-00001135 Riley Ben Miller and Romesh Ranganathan
kyHwFsL0gku-00004-00001136-00001907 the resident scientist was Kevin Fong
kyHwFsL0gku-00005-00001907-00002440 topic episodes
kyHwFsL0gku-00006-00002441-00002698 the first series aired from the 16th of
kyHwFsL0gku-00007-00002699-00003045 February until the 22nd of March 2016
kyHwFsL0gku-00008-00003046-00003274 negative reviews and low ratings
kyHwFsL0gku-00009-00003275-00003447 resulted in the series not being
kyHwFsL0gku-00010-00003448-00003718 recommissioned
kD-Hj7XQGtc-00000-00001002-00001262 [Music]
kD-Hj7XQGtc-00001-00001263-00001454 you wouldn't get this from
kD-Hj7XQGtc-00002-00001455-00001782 any other guy i
kD-Hj7XQGtc-00003-00001784-00002183 just wanna tell you how i'm feeling
kD-Hj7XQGtc-00004-00002184-00002502 gotta make you understand never gonna
kD-Hj7XQGtc-00005-00002503-00002542 give
kD-Hj7XQGtc-00006-00002543-00002926 you up never gonna let you down going
kD-Hj7XQGtc-00007-00002927-00003184 wrong
kDRzSXDqSx4-00000-00000038-00000388 hi everyone welcome back so to start off
kDRzSXDqSx4-00001-00000389-00000605 this video I wanted to introduce this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00002-00000606-00000947 theorem right here if 3 n plus 2 is odd
kDRzSXDqSx4-00003-00000948-00001495 for some integer n then n is odd so this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00004-00001496-00001697 looks pretty simple something that we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00005-00001698-00001967 can handle you know it's a P then Q type
kDRzSXDqSx4-00006-00001968-00002123 of statement so we can do something like
kDRzSXDqSx4-00007-00002124-00002875 ok well for approve let n be an integer
kDRzSXDqSx4-00008-00002876-00003740 such that 3 and plus 2 is odd while we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00009-00003740-00003953 can immediately apply our definition of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00010-00003954-00004288 odd here so we'll say by definition of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00011-00004289-00005675 odd let K be some integer such that 3 n
kDRzSXDqSx4-00012-00005676-00006170 plus 2 equals 2k plus 1 that's perfect
kDRzSXDqSx4-00013-00006171-00006439 so now we can do the do that algebra
kDRzSXDqSx4-00014-00006440-00006827 like we've been doing so far so 3n plus
kDRzSXDqSx4-00015-00006828-00007178 2 equals 2k plus 1
kDRzSXDqSx4-00016-00007179-00007396 change that subtraction both 2 from both
kDRzSXDqSx4-00017-00007397-00007934 sides we have 3n equals 2k minus 1 so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00018-00007934-00008421 then N equals 2k minus 1 divided by 30
kDRzSXDqSx4-00019-00008422-00008917 here's the problem is that we don't know
kDRzSXDqSx4-00020-00008918-00009401 if 2k minus 1 divided by 3 we just from
kDRzSXDqSx4-00021-00009402-00009614 the information that we have here we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00022-00009615-00009977 don't know that this is an integer so we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00023-00009978-00010267 can't make any claims that 2k minus one
kDRzSXDqSx4-00024-00010268-00010508 divisible divided by 3 is in fact an
kDRzSXDqSx4-00025-00010509-00010714 integer or that 2k minus 1 is divisible
kDRzSXDqSx4-00026-00010715-00011042 by 3 at all we can't really talk about
kDRzSXDqSx4-00027-00011043-00011317 that in this way so because there's no
kDRzSXDqSx4-00028-00011318-00011516 guarantee for n to be an integer there's
kDRzSXDqSx4-00029-00011517-00011708 no well there's no way we can even try
kDRzSXDqSx4-00030-00011709-00012013 to figure out that oh well n is odd so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00031-00012014-00012299 we have to approach this problem a
kDRzSXDqSx4-00032-00012300-00012797 little bit differently
kDRzSXDqSx4-00033-00012798-00013100 so now I want to remind you of the of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00034-00013101-00013463 the facts that a conditional statement
kDRzSXDqSx4-00035-00013463-00013727 is equivalent to its contour position
kDRzSXDqSx4-00036-00013728-00013972 and I have the truth table here that
kDRzSXDqSx4-00037-00013974-00014291 proves this so what we can actually do
kDRzSXDqSx4-00038-00014291-00014558 is we've talked about this before if we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00039-00014559-00014759 have an if P then Q statement and we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00040-00014760-00015002 start transforming it using logical
kDRzSXDqSx4-00041-00015003-00015160 equivalencies if we can prove that
kDRzSXDqSx4-00042-00015161-00015446 transformation is true then we can prove
kDRzSXDqSx4-00043-00015447-00015662 that the original statement is true and
kDRzSXDqSx4-00044-00015663-00015881 the same holds true for using a counter
kDRzSXDqSx4-00045-00015882-00016055 position if we can prove that the contra
kDRzSXDqSx4-00046-00016056-00016307 position of a statement is true then we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00047-00016308-00016463 can prove that the original statement is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00048-00016464-00017696 true so a proof by contrast a tenth if P
kDRzSXDqSx4-00049-00017697-00018227 then Q we're going to the first we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00050-00018228-00018767 going to assume that na Q is true rather
kDRzSXDqSx4-00051-00018768-00019280 than assuming P is true then we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00052-00019281-00019703 basically just going to apply a direct
kDRzSXDqSx4-00053-00019704-00020738 proof to solve not Q implies not P so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00054-00020739-00021014 we're going to basically prove that not
kDRzSXDqSx4-00055-00021015-00021344 Q implies not P and exactly the same way
kDRzSXDqSx4-00056-00021345-00021518 that we would do it if it was a direct
kDRzSXDqSx4-00057-00021519-00021881 proof that's how this technique is going
kDRzSXDqSx4-00058-00021882-00022058 to be very similar to us except for the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00059-00022059-00022199 fact that we're changing our assumption
kDRzSXDqSx4-00060-00022200-00022646 from P to knock you so then we'll show
kDRzSXDqSx4-00061-00022647-00023042 that not Q implies not P is true using a
kDRzSXDqSx4-00062-00023043-00023558 direct proof and then we can say thus by
kDRzSXDqSx4-00063-00023559-00024441 proof by contradiction
kDRzSXDqSx4-00064-00024442-00025132 if P then Q is true so again what we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00065-00025133-00025423 doing here we assume na Q is true we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00066-00025424-00025624 applying our theorems or definitions
kDRzSXDqSx4-00067-00025625-00025885 axioms any of those cool things that
kDRzSXDqSx4-00068-00025886-00026139 were allowed to use here and then our
kDRzSXDqSx4-00069-00026141-00026407 conclusion is that well because we show
kDRzSXDqSx4-00070-00026408-00026881 that not Q implies not P then P must
kDRzSXDqSx4-00071-00026882-00027169 imply Q by proof I contribution because
kDRzSXDqSx4-00072-00027170-00027483 they are equivalent due to this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00073-00027483-00027781 equivalency right here so that's the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00074-00027782-00027958 basic format that we're going to use in
kDRzSXDqSx4-00075-00027958-00028839 order to apply proof by contradiction to
kDRzSXDqSx4-00076-00028841-00029110 figure out here is how to take this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00077-00029111-00029272 theorem that we saw at the beginning of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00078-00029273-00029497 the video and turn it into its
kDRzSXDqSx4-00079-00029498-00029689 contrapositive in order to solve a proof
kDRzSXDqSx4-00080-00029689-00030157 by contradiction
kDRzSXDqSx4-00081-00030158-00030469 the not P is 3 n plus 2 is even this is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00082-00030470-00030708 because numbers are either only odd or
kDRzSXDqSx4-00083-00030710-00031138 only even so a number that is not even
kDRzSXDqSx4-00084-00031139-00031600 is odd sum or thing here Q if Q is n is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00085-00031601-00031830 odd then not Q is n is even
kDRzSXDqSx4-00086-00031831-00032293 this makes not Q implies not P if n is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00087-00032294-00032632 even then 3n plus 2 is even and already
kDRzSXDqSx4-00088-00032633-00032911 this looks a lot easier to solve so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00089-00032912-00032992 let's do it
kDRzSXDqSx4-00090-00032993-00033184 I won't I won't show the rest of the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00091-00033185-00033388 scratch work for this because it'll
kDRzSXDqSx4-00092-00033389-00033741 basically be the formal proof so let's
kDRzSXDqSx4-00093-00033742-00034087 take a look at that proof so what we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00094-00034088-00034231 going to do this time is we're going to
kDRzSXDqSx4-00095-00034232-00035345 say let n be an odd integer
kDRzSXDqSx4-00096-00035346-00036068 my bad okay
kDRzSXDqSx4-00097-00036069-00036371 what we're going to do this time is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00098-00036372-00036723 we're going to write down contrapositive
kDRzSXDqSx4-00099-00036724-00037344 here to let the reader know hey we are
kDRzSXDqSx4-00100-00037345-00037654 using a perfect contrapositive then
kDRzSXDqSx4-00101-00037655-00038004 we'll start with stating but not Q is so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00102-00038005-00038898 we'll say let n be an even integer
kDRzSXDqSx4-00103-00038899-00039148 immediately apply definition of even so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00104-00039149-00040239 by definition N equals to K for some K
kDRzSXDqSx4-00105-00040240-00040566 in the integers I imagine I'll get some
kDRzSXDqSx4-00106-00040567-00040689 questions about this so I'll just say
kDRzSXDqSx4-00107-00040690-00040989 that this by definition right here and I
kDRzSXDqSx4-00108-00040990-00041160 think it's reasonable to say that this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00109-00041161-00041439 applies to even integer because this is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00110-00041440-00041589 the only definition we've talked about
kDRzSXDqSx4-00111-00041590-00041769 so far and we're using this by
kDRzSXDqSx4-00112-00041770-00042039 definition right after you say even
kDRzSXDqSx4-00113-00042040-00042564 integer so that should be fine at least
kDRzSXDqSx4-00114-00042565-00042771 I will grade it as if it is a good
kDRzSXDqSx4-00115-00042772-00043119 explanation of why this works anyway so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00116-00043120-00043305 we have that N equals to K for some
kDRzSXDqSx4-00117-00043306-00043698 integer K so then we can take a look at
kDRzSXDqSx4-00118-00043699-00044196 let's see what 3 and plus 2 is well 3
kDRzSXDqSx4-00119-00044197-00044529 and plus 2 we can substitute so that's 3
kDRzSXDqSx4-00120-00044530-00045357 times 2k plus 2 which would then be 6k
kDRzSXDqSx4-00121-00045358-00045708 plus 2 and then we can factor out the 2
kDRzSXDqSx4-00122-00045709-00046446 so that's 2 times 3 K plus 1 and we'll
kDRzSXDqSx4-00123-00046447-00046706 finish this off by saying something like
kDRzSXDqSx4-00124-00046707-00047169 let m equal to r sorry
kDRzSXDqSx4-00125-00047170-00048243 3 k plus 1 m is an integer because k is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00126-00048244-00048777 an integer
kDRzSXDqSx4-00127-00048778-00049849 then 3n plus 2 equals 2 m 2 times M so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00128-00049850-00050842 by definition 3 and plus 2 is even so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00129-00050843-00051250 right here we have reached not P now we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00130-00051251-00051421 can finish this off by restating the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00131-00051422-00051985 actual the actual theorem so say thus by
kDRzSXDqSx4-00132-00051986-00052749 proof by contradiction
kDRzSXDqSx4-00133-00052750-00054273 if 3n plus 2 is odd if n n is odd
kDRzSXDqSx4-00134-00054274-00054567 alright so here's another example our
kDRzSXDqSx4-00135-00054569-00054883 theorem will be what n a and B all be
kDRzSXDqSx4-00136-00054884-00055276 positive integers if N equals a B then a
kDRzSXDqSx4-00137-00055277-00055465 is less than or equal to the square root
kDRzSXDqSx4-00138-00055466-00055711 of N or B is less than or equal to the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00139-00055712-00056002 square root of them so given that this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00140-00056003-00056335 is a proof by contouring video you might
kDRzSXDqSx4-00141-00056336-00056496 expect me to do a proof by contradiction
kDRzSXDqSx4-00142-00056497-00057094 which I look so if we let P be the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00143-00057095-00057610 statement N equals a be the not P is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00144-00057611-00057988 going to be n is not equal to a B of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00145-00057989-00058660 course and then if Q is a is less than
kDRzSXDqSx4-00146-00058661-00059038 equal to the square root of N or B is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00147-00059039-00059185 less than or equal to the square root of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00148-00059186-00059833 N or we can say not Q is so we'll have
kDRzSXDqSx4-00149-00059834-00060028 to do two Morgan's law here so basically
kDRzSXDqSx4-00150-00060029-00060466 it is not a is less than or equal to the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00151-00060466-00060823 square root of N or B is less than or
kDRzSXDqSx4-00152-00060824-00061201 equal to the square root of n which is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00153-00061202-00061534 then equivalent to saying by applying
kDRzSXDqSx4-00154-00061535-00061680 two Morgan's we can say that this is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00155-00061682-00061892 then well
kDRzSXDqSx4-00156-00061894-00062325 not a is less than or equal to the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00157-00062326-00062916 square root of N and not B is less than
kDRzSXDqSx4-00158-00062917-00063132 or equal to the square root of n I know
kDRzSXDqSx4-00159-00063133-00063475 I'm kind of abusing notation here I'm
kDRzSXDqSx4-00160-00063476-00063628 just taking this very loosely given that
kDRzSXDqSx4-00161-00063629-00063823 this is and I should probably write this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00162-00063824-00064151 out that this is scratch work right here
kDRzSXDqSx4-00163-00064152-00064387 so basically we have all this by de
kDRzSXDqSx4-00164-00064388-00064641 Morgan's and then we can simplify this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00165-00064642-00064966 so if a is not less than or equal to the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00166-00064966-00065094 square root of n then it must be
kDRzSXDqSx4-00167-00065095-00065329 strictly greater than because if we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00168-00065329-00065581 saying the negation of this is true then
kDRzSXDqSx4-00169-00065582-00065869 it can't be greater or it can be less
kDRzSXDqSx4-00170-00065870-00066069 than this word of N and a cannot be
kDRzSXDqSx4-00171-00066070-00066223 equal to the square root of n so a must
kDRzSXDqSx4-00172-00066224-00066507 be greater so we'll say a is greater
kDRzSXDqSx4-00173-00066508-00066880 than the square root of N and B is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00174-00066881-00067194 greater than the square root of n so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00175-00067195-00067579 what we're trying to solve here is not Q
kDRzSXDqSx4-00176-00067580-00068017 implies not P which is the statement if
kDRzSXDqSx4-00177-00068018-00068515 a is greater than the square root of N
kDRzSXDqSx4-00178-00068516-00068959 and B is greater than the square root of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00179-00068960-00069859 n then n is not equal to a B so let's
kDRzSXDqSx4-00180-00069860-00070054 take a look at what this is and again
kDRzSXDqSx4-00181-00070055-00070326 this is true I'm saying this is true
kDRzSXDqSx4-00182-00070327-00070546 because n a and B are positive integers
kDRzSXDqSx4-00183-00070547-00070753 so Institute's that are greater than or
kDRzSXDqSx4-00184-00070754-00071065 equal to 1 so let's take a look at this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00185-00071066-00071463 theorem now for this one for this proof
kDRzSXDqSx4-00186-00071464-00071815 we're going to do some pretty tricky
kDRzSXDqSx4-00187-00071816-00072322 usage of greater than signs so bear with
kDRzSXDqSx4-00188-00072323-00072481 me and I'm happy to explain this in
kDRzSXDqSx4-00189-00072482-00072718 class as much as possible so what we'll
kDRzSXDqSx4-00190-00072719-00073182 do is we'll say let and a and B be in
kDRzSXDqSx4-00191-00073183-00073638 the set of positive integers and suppose
kDRzSXDqSx4-00192-00073639-00074047 that a is greater than the square root
kDRzSXDqSx4-00193-00074048-00074362 of N and B is greater than the square
kDRzSXDqSx4-00194-00074363-00074581 root of them you'll notice I didn't put
kDRzSXDqSx4-00195-00074582-00074757 contra positive here honestly I
kDRzSXDqSx4-00196-00074758-00075040 completely forgot it's not necessary to
kDRzSXDqSx4-00197-00075041-00075217 put contra positive
kDRzSXDqSx4-00198-00075218-00075436 to here but it can be helpful if that's
kDRzSXDqSx4-00199-00075437-00075640 something you want to keep track out of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00200-00075641-00075799 or if it's if you want to be really
kDRzSXDqSx4-00201-00075800-00076012 clear to the reader hey this is what
kDRzSXDqSx4-00202-00076013-00076150 type of first I'm doing normally
kDRzSXDqSx4-00203-00076151-00076327 normally I like to do it sometimes I
kDRzSXDqSx4-00204-00076328-00076543 completely forget so as long as you
kDRzSXDqSx4-00205-00076544-00076705 state it at some point at the very least
kDRzSXDqSx4-00206-00076706-00076942 data at the very bottom of the proof
kDRzSXDqSx4-00207-00076943-00077050 that you're using a proof by
kDRzSXDqSx4-00208-00077051-00077218 contradiction if you don't state it up
kDRzSXDqSx4-00209-00077219-00077725 here so anyway we're going to suppose a
kDRzSXDqSx4-00210-00077726-00077965 and B are both greater than the square
kDRzSXDqSx4-00211-00077966-00078220 root of n so then what we'll notice that
kDRzSXDqSx4-00212-00078221-00078496 if a is greater than the square root of
kDRzSXDqSx4-00213-00078497-00078709 M and if B is greater than the square
kDRzSXDqSx4-00214-00078710-00079018 root of n then a times B has to be
kDRzSXDqSx4-00215-00079019-00079207 greater than the square root of n times
kDRzSXDqSx4-00216-00079208-00079459 the square root of n so I'll take a look
kDRzSXDqSx4-00217-00079460-00079579 at what that is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00218-00079580-00079942 so why that is so we'll say n we'll
kDRzSXDqSx4-00219-00079943-00080410 start out with n which is equal to the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00220-00080411-00080689 square root of n times the square root
kDRzSXDqSx4-00221-00080690-00081040 of n right that's just basically because
kDRzSXDqSx4-00222-00081041-00081456 of how the square root of n works and
kDRzSXDqSx4-00223-00081457-00081766 then what we can do is when we say well
kDRzSXDqSx4-00224-00081767-00081922 a is greater than the square root of n
kDRzSXDqSx4-00225-00081923-00082189 so this whole thing is going to be less
kDRzSXDqSx4-00226-00082190-00082629 than a times the square root of n right
kDRzSXDqSx4-00227-00082630-00082864 because I'm basically just replacing the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00228-00082865-00083035 a with this and saying that this whole
kDRzSXDqSx4-00229-00083036-00083263 thing is greater than this whole thing
kDRzSXDqSx4-00230-00083264-00083677 that's just because of a being greater
kDRzSXDqSx4-00231-00083678-00083878 than the square root of them we'll do
kDRzSXDqSx4-00232-00083879-00084118 the same thing over here and say that
kDRzSXDqSx4-00233-00084119-00084430 this whole thing is a root M is going to
kDRzSXDqSx4-00234-00084431-00084679 be less than a times B and this is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00235-00084680-00084892 because of our assumption that B is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00236-00084893-00085156 greater than the square root of n so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00237-00085157-00085651 then we have that n is less than a B so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00238-00085652-00086026 we'll say that since n is strictly less
kDRzSXDqSx4-00239-00086027-00086227 than this is what we call it that's what
kDRzSXDqSx4-00240-00086228-00086545 I like to say when sometimes when we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00241-00086546-00086713 have a lesson with no equal centered
kDRzSXDqSx4-00242-00086714-00087010 underneath since n is strictly less than
kDRzSXDqSx4-00243-00087011-00087856 a B and cannot be equal to a B now if
kDRzSXDqSx4-00244-00087857-00088012 you try to work this out doing a direct
kDRzSXDqSx4-00245-00088013-00088237 proof it's certainly going to be a lot
kDRzSXDqSx4-00246-00088238-00088411 harder if not impossible because we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00247-00088412-00088582 can't take we can't
kDRzSXDqSx4-00248-00088583-00088813 about the square root of n just given
kDRzSXDqSx4-00249-00088814-00089059 that we don't know for a fact that and
kDRzSXDqSx4-00250-00089060-00089326 the square root of n will be an integer
kDRzSXDqSx4-00251-00089327-00089545 or not that's that's not something we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00252-00089546-00089788 can really talk about so because there's
kDRzSXDqSx4-00253-00089789-00089971 all that in certainty with will this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00254-00089972-00090133 could work for any and even defendant
kDRzSXDqSx4-00255-00090134-00090367 isn't a perfect square we need to
kDRzSXDqSx4-00256-00090368-00090541 actually take the proof by contributions
kDRzSXDqSx4-00257-00090542-00090769 and you know I completely forgot the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00258-00090770-00090934 last step so I'm going to scratch out
kDRzSXDqSx4-00259-00090935-00091296 that QED right there and I'll say thus
kDRzSXDqSx4-00260-00091297-00093637 by proof by contrary Quilly the square
kDRzSXDqSx4-00261-00093638-00093958 root of N or B is less than or equal to
kDRzSXDqSx4-00262-00093959-00094246 the square root of M now this actually
kDRzSXDqSx4-00263-00094247-00094432 has some really cool applications this
kDRzSXDqSx4-00264-00094433-00094696 theorem right here and a lot of them
kDRzSXDqSx4-00265-00094697-00094873 have to do with things like security or
kDRzSXDqSx4-00266-00094874-00094975 stuff like that so whenever you're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00267-00094976-00095176 trying to find a prime factors of a
kDRzSXDqSx4-00268-00095177-00095446 number so what a prime factor means is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00269-00095447-00095731 that any number can basically be turned
kDRzSXDqSx4-00270-00095732-00095935 into a multiplication of prime numbers
kDRzSXDqSx4-00271-00095936-00096283 so let's say I use this piece of paper
kDRzSXDqSx4-00272-00096284-00097327 here let's say we are looking at 39 39
kDRzSXDqSx4-00273-00097328-00098140 is equal to 3 times 13 so this is the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00274-00098141-00098485 prime factorization of 39 since 3 and 13
kDRzSXDqSx4-00275-00098486-00098812 are both prime numbers and similarly we
kDRzSXDqSx4-00276-00098813-00099175 could do something like 62 is equal to 2
kDRzSXDqSx4-00277-00099176-00099517 times 31 which I believe is prime as
kDRzSXDqSx4-00278-00099518-00099760 well if I'm not going to be 2 times
kDRzSXDqSx4-00279-00099761-00099961 whatever 30 ones prime factors are but
kDRzSXDqSx4-00280-00099962-00100245 I'm pretty sure this is prime I have a
kDRzSXDqSx4-00281-00100246-00100513 somewhat solely grass with friends Fr
kDRzSXDqSx4-00282-00100514-00100906 but not much further unfortunately and
kDRzSXDqSx4-00283-00100907-00101170 you can have of course numbers with
kDRzSXDqSx4-00284-00101171-00101392 multiple of the same prime minister
kDRzSXDqSx4-00285-00101393-00101665 ization so something like 8 equals 2
kDRzSXDqSx4-00286-00101666-00101944 cubed so it's prime factorizations 2
kDRzSXDqSx4-00287-00101945-00101974 times
kDRzSXDqSx4-00288-00101975-00102640 two times two something like 36 is equal
kDRzSXDqSx4-00289-00102641-00103003 to two squared times three squared so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00290-00103004-00103167 this whole prime factorization thing is
kDRzSXDqSx4-00291-00103168-00103505 really helpful and if you notice that in
kDRzSXDqSx4-00292-00103506-00103813 these and all of these all of these
kDRzSXDqSx4-00293-00103814-00104184 numbers have at least I guess let me put
kDRzSXDqSx4-00294-00104185-00104491 it this way all of these Prime's right
kDRzSXDqSx4-00295-00104492-00104793 here at least one of the primes and
kDRzSXDqSx4-00296-00104794-00104980 these multiplications are smaller than
kDRzSXDqSx4-00297-00104981-00105115 the square root of the number in
kDRzSXDqSx4-00298-00105116-00105313 questions so too small smaller than the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00299-00105314-00105523 square root of 60 to which the square
kDRzSXDqSx4-00300-00105524-00105703 root of 62 is somewhere between 7 & 8
kDRzSXDqSx4-00301-00105704-00105991 almost 8 3 is smaller than the square
kDRzSXDqSx4-00302-00105992-00106342 root of 39 and so on so when we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00303-00106343-00106519 looking for prime factorizations in the
kDRzSXDqSx4-00304-00106520-00106686 number if we're trying to brute force it
kDRzSXDqSx4-00305-00106688-00106972 basically by starting at 2 and going up
kDRzSXDqSx4-00306-00106973-00107242 until and just testing every number from
kDRzSXDqSx4-00307-00107243-00107476 2 upwards until you find numbers that
kDRzSXDqSx4-00308-00107477-00107784 are divisible into the number we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00309-00107785-00108115 trying to test basically we can stop at
kDRzSXDqSx4-00310-00108116-00108352 the square root of that number because
kDRzSXDqSx4-00311-00108353-00108613 of a theorem like this so if we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00312-00108614-00108850 trying to find unique prime
kDRzSXDqSx4-00313-00108851-00109144 factorizations you know we can start at
kDRzSXDqSx4-00314-00109145-00109366 2 then 3 then 4 then 5 then 6 and so on
kDRzSXDqSx4-00315-00109367-00109528 until we get to the square root of N and
kDRzSXDqSx4-00316-00109529-00109747 say okay but we don't need to test any
kDRzSXDqSx4-00317-00109748-00109879 numbers greater than this because
kDRzSXDqSx4-00318-00109880-00110113 otherwise we'll have seen numbers that
kDRzSXDqSx4-00319-00110114-00110542 we already got out of dividing basically
kDRzSXDqSx4-00320-00110543-00110692 dividing the previous numbers that we've
kDRzSXDqSx4-00321-00110693-00110989 come across anyway long it winded
kDRzSXDqSx4-00322-00110990-00111241 explanation but this is a really nice
kDRzSXDqSx4-00323-00111242-00111364 theorem for us to have what we're
kDRzSXDqSx4-00324-00111365-00111592 talking about things like security so
kDRzSXDqSx4-00325-00111593-00111754 yeah that's the video on proof by
kDRzSXDqSx4-00326-00111755-00112204 contradiction thank you all for watching
kE5czGLwLHc-00000-00000330-00000580 thank you Seth thank you appreciate the
kE5czGLwLHc-00001-00000581-00000695 introduction
kE5czGLwLHc-00002-00000696-00000833 um when I said I was going to come and
kE5czGLwLHc-00003-00000834-00000977 do this I don't know I didn't really
kE5czGLwLHc-00004-00000977-00001175 realize or think about the fact that
kE5czGLwLHc-00005-00001176-00001397 like 80 of the people in this room were
kE5czGLwLHc-00006-00001398-00001541 going to be way more knowledgeable on
kE5czGLwLHc-00007-00001542-00001841 the subject than I am so uh I hope that
kE5czGLwLHc-00008-00001842-00002021 uh you'll bear with me if I'm kind of
kE5czGLwLHc-00009-00002022-00002176 like still a noob I think compared to a
kE5czGLwLHc-00010-00002177-00002471 lot of you guys but um I uh this is
kE5czGLwLHc-00011-00002472-00002663 going to be not too technical of a talk
kE5czGLwLHc-00012-00002664-00002783 it's going to be more kind of conceptual
kE5czGLwLHc-00013-00002784-00003005 and just like approaches we've taken and
kE5czGLwLHc-00014-00003006-00003095 stuff
kE5czGLwLHc-00015-00003096-00003281 um like was said I I've been with the
kE5czGLwLHc-00016-00003282-00003443 Idaho National Lab for about five years
kE5czGLwLHc-00017-00003444-00003640 prior to that I worked as a senior
kE5czGLwLHc-00018-00003642-00004061 software developer for um uh McAfee on
kE5czGLwLHc-00019-00004061-00004463 on their Sim product and in IPS IDs
kE5czGLwLHc-00020-00004464-00004841 um and so I I my original kind of study
kE5czGLwLHc-00021-00004842-00005056 and background and stuff was was just
kE5czGLwLHc-00022-00005057-00005213 computer science but I kind of fell into
kE5czGLwLHc-00023-00005214-00005602 the cyber world uh out of college and I
kE5czGLwLHc-00024-00005603-00005752 just kind of have been there since doing
kE5czGLwLHc-00025-00005753-00005951 doing software and r d and stuff around
kE5czGLwLHc-00026-00005952-00006304 the cyber security space so um over the
kE5czGLwLHc-00027-00006305-00006431 last couple of years me and some of my
kE5czGLwLHc-00028-00006431-00006760 colleagues have been working on uh uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00029-00006761-00006934 various projects dealing with industrial
kE5czGLwLHc-00030-00006936-00007270 control systems and trying to extend our
kE5czGLwLHc-00031-00007272-00007583 Network visibility into those systems
kE5czGLwLHc-00032-00007584-00007889 which is kind of a unique set of of a
kE5czGLwLHc-00033-00007890-00008039 lot of similarities but also a lot of
kE5czGLwLHc-00034-00008040-00008249 unique differences as compared to like
kE5czGLwLHc-00035-00008250-00008489 the I.T world and so I'm going to talk a
kE5czGLwLHc-00036-00008490-00008621 little bit about some of the parsers and
kE5czGLwLHc-00037-00008622-00008837 stuff that we've written as uh as a
kE5czGLwLHc-00038-00008838-00009089 result of that project
kE5czGLwLHc-00039-00009090-00009227 um so
kE5czGLwLHc-00040-00009228-00009527 as I mentioned what we found a lot is uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00041-00009528-00009785 even when we come into
kE5czGLwLHc-00042-00009786-00010006 to do assessments or to look at networks
kE5czGLwLHc-00043-00010007-00010205 uh where they've got pretty good
kE5czGLwLHc-00044-00010206-00010456 visibility into their I.T traffic their
kE5czGLwLHc-00045-00010457-00010696 corporate zone or whatever in industrial
kE5czGLwLHc-00046-00010697-00010895 Control Systems a lot of the time that
kE5czGLwLHc-00047-00010896-00011110 traffic uh visibility isn't there it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00048-00011111-00011392 more lacking uh and so I work in a group
kE5czGLwLHc-00049-00011393-00011614 called the advanced analytics Lab at the
kE5czGLwLHc-00050-00011615-00011896 inl and um you know we've just noticed
kE5czGLwLHc-00051-00011897-00012053 that there's a lot of great Solutions
kE5czGLwLHc-00052-00012054-00012341 out there for uh you know robust parsers
kE5czGLwLHc-00053-00012342-00012509 and analytics for protocols that you'll
kE5czGLwLHc-00054-00012510-00012791 find on the it networks but often in
kE5czGLwLHc-00055-00012792-00013108 operational technology OT networks with
kE5czGLwLHc-00056-00013109-00013427 ICS devices there's there's limited uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00057-00013428-00013703 visibility into those so this capability
kE5czGLwLHc-00058-00013704-00013943 Gap has kind of spurred this development
kE5czGLwLHc-00059-00013944-00014219 of uh this and there's hope I'm gonna
kE5czGLwLHc-00060-00014219-00014386 I've tried to avoid the alphabet soup
kE5czGLwLHc-00061-00014387-00014597 being a government contractor it does
kE5czGLwLHc-00062-00014597-00014830 kind of infect me a little bit but I'll
kE5czGLwLHc-00063-00014831-00015119 try not to be too uh acronym heavy on
kE5czGLwLHc-00064-00015119-00015293 this but the Project's called the
kE5czGLwLHc-00065-00015294-00015430 industrial Control Systems Network
kE5czGLwLHc-00066-00015431-00015875 protocol parsers or ICS NPP for short
kE5czGLwLHc-00067-00015876-00016133 um and it has been developed to uh at
kE5czGLwLHc-00068-00016134-00016366 the direction of DHS sizza to try to
kE5czGLwLHc-00069-00016368-00016517 expand
kE5czGLwLHc-00070-00016518-00016811 um what we can see in OT protocols and
kE5czGLwLHc-00071-00016812-00016979 and we do those by writing them in Zeke
kE5czGLwLHc-00072-00016980-00017249 and then publishing on them on GitHub
kE5czGLwLHc-00073-00017250-00017500 um and so one of the other major goals
kE5czGLwLHc-00074-00017501-00017753 of this is to try to increase kind of
kE5czGLwLHc-00075-00017754-00017927 the knowledge of the inner workings of
kE5czGLwLHc-00076-00017928-00018185 these protocols among those who might be
kE5czGLwLHc-00077-00018186-00018347 interested in them
kE5czGLwLHc-00078-00018348-00018497 um by by integrating them with other
kE5czGLwLHc-00079-00018498-00018869 tools and uh at the bi-annual industrial
kE5czGLwLHc-00080-00018870-00019061 Control Systems joint working group we
kE5czGLwLHc-00081-00019062-00019379 do like ctfs and stuff that that revolve
kE5czGLwLHc-00082-00019380-00019517 around the data that's parsed out of
kE5czGLwLHc-00083-00019518-00019805 these uh ICS protocols so that people
kE5czGLwLHc-00084-00019806-00019979 can familiarize themselves more with
kE5czGLwLHc-00085-00019980-00020117 what's going on in their industrial
kE5czGLwLHc-00086-00020118-00020227 Networks
kE5czGLwLHc-00087-00020228-00020471 so in case you don't already know how to
kE5czGLwLHc-00088-00020472-00020621 go to GitHub right there's a screenshot
kE5czGLwLHc-00089-00020622-00020729 of it
kE5czGLwLHc-00090-00020730-00020903 um so yeah it's been it's been published
kE5czGLwLHc-00091-00020904-00021239 to GitHub under scissagov's GitHub repo
kE5czGLwLHc-00092-00021240-00021533 um and uh registered in the Zeke package
kE5czGLwLHc-00093-00021534-00021713 management repository they've also been
kE5czGLwLHc-00094-00021714-00021911 integrated into Malcolm which is a
kE5czGLwLHc-00095-00021912-00022097 another tool that I work on at the at
kE5czGLwLHc-00096-00022098-00022213 the lab
kE5czGLwLHc-00097-00022214-00022661 that pulls the z-clogs and puts them
kE5czGLwLHc-00098-00022662-00022864 into elastic along with archimy and some
kE5czGLwLHc-00099-00022865-00023111 other things like that so far we've got
kE5czGLwLHc-00100-00023112-00023303 eight full protocol parsers in the
kE5czGLwLHc-00101-00023304-00023603 icsnpp project and then two other
kE5czGLwLHc-00102-00023604-00023789 packages that extend logging
kE5czGLwLHc-00103-00023790-00023950 capabilities for some of the Zeke's
kE5czGLwLHc-00104-00023951-00024208 existing protocol parsers I'm not going
kE5czGLwLHc-00105-00024209-00024322 to bore you too much with all the
kE5czGLwLHc-00106-00024323-00024461 details but I will just run through the
kE5czGLwLHc-00107-00024462-00024655 ones that we've got out there so far
kE5czGLwLHc-00108-00024656-00024886 backnet if you're not familiar with ICS
kE5czGLwLHc-00109-00024887-00025108 protocols maybe some of these will be
kE5czGLwLHc-00110-00025109-00025199 the first time you've heard of them
kE5czGLwLHc-00111-00025200-00025511 maybe not bacnet the BAC stands for
kE5czGLwLHc-00112-00025512-00025714 building Automation and control and so
kE5czGLwLHc-00113-00025716-00025912 it's the communication standard for
kE5czGLwLHc-00114-00025913-00026146 things like Heating and ventilation and
kE5czGLwLHc-00115-00026147-00026314 air conditioning and lighting control
kE5czGLwLHc-00116-00026316-00026590 and access control and fire suppression
kE5czGLwLHc-00117-00026591-00026867 systems this is one of the first ones
kE5czGLwLHc-00118-00026868-00027011 that we put out when we started this
kE5czGLwLHc-00119-00027012-00027268 project so it was released January 2021
kE5czGLwLHc-00120-00027269-00027611 it's written in bin pack and this is one
kE5czGLwLHc-00121-00027612-00027761 that's still in active development I
kE5czGLwLHc-00122-00027762-00028007 know that I think Keith Jones has been
kE5czGLwLHc-00123-00028008-00028283 using this I want to say and open some
kE5czGLwLHc-00124-00028283-00028417 PRS for us
kE5czGLwLHc-00125-00028418-00028667 and so this is this is still kind of
kE5czGLwLHc-00126-00028668-00028870 ongoing as we as we find new ways to
kE5czGLwLHc-00127-00028872-00029051 improve and fix it
kE5czGLwLHc-00128-00029052-00029507 uh bsap is a general use protocol it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00129-00029508-00029668 suitable for her synchronous and
kE5czGLwLHc-00130-00029669-00029902 asynchronous networks
kE5czGLwLHc-00131-00029904-00030185 and it's often seen over serial as well
kE5czGLwLHc-00132-00030186-00030367 as ethernet encapsulated
kE5czGLwLHc-00133-00030368-00030617 so you know we've kind of got two
kE5czGLwLHc-00134-00030618-00030802 branches of this parser for the serial
kE5czGLwLHc-00135-00030804-00031037 one obviously it's like a
kE5czGLwLHc-00136-00031038-00031205 with a Serial tap or whatever it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00137-00031206-00031402 encapsulated in Ethernet anyway so we
kE5czGLwLHc-00138-00031404-00031643 can see it with Zeke this was also
kE5czGLwLHc-00139-00031644-00031774 written in bin pack and has been around
kE5czGLwLHc-00140-00031775-00032033 since about April of last year
kE5czGLwLHc-00141-00032033-00032293 ethercat is a protocol designed for
kE5czGLwLHc-00142-00032294-00032524 real-time distributed control of
kE5czGLwLHc-00143-00032525-00032746 Industrial Systems and it's got this
kE5czGLwLHc-00144-00032747-00033011 goal of having short cycle times in low
kE5czGLwLHc-00145-00033012-00033245 communication Jitter this one was
kE5czGLwLHc-00146-00033246-00033533 released last summer
kE5czGLwLHc-00147-00033534-00033587 um
kE5czGLwLHc-00148-00033588-00033779 despite what you'd think with ethernet
kE5czGLwLHc-00149-00033780-00034001 IP this next one the IP does not it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00150-00034002-00034205 not it's this it's industrial protocol
kE5czGLwLHc-00151-00034206-00034390 uh I don't know why they picked that
kE5czGLwLHc-00152-00034391-00034517 name you'd think that there's already
kE5czGLwLHc-00153-00034518-00034751 like some some they would have done a
kE5czGLwLHc-00154-00034752-00035009 Google search or something I don't know
kE5czGLwLHc-00155-00035010-00035231 um but yeah it's it's uh kind of
kE5czGLwLHc-00156-00035232-00035507 confusing on that one but um it adapts
kE5czGLwLHc-00157-00035508-00035735 the common industrial protocol cap for
kE5czGLwLHc-00158-00035736-00035993 ethernet networks it's object oriented
kE5czGLwLHc-00159-00035994-00036245 design makes it widely used in all sorts
kE5czGLwLHc-00160-00036246-00036449 of industrial networks and from what
kE5czGLwLHc-00161-00036450-00036640 Wikipedia told me last night it has
kE5czGLwLHc-00162-00036641-00036971 about 30 percent of the share of
kE5czGLwLHc-00163-00036972-00037271 industrial ethernet networks traffic
kE5czGLwLHc-00164-00037272-00037409 um this one was also released with our
kE5czGLwLHc-00165-00037410-00037637 first batch of partner parsers back in
kE5czGLwLHc-00166-00037638-00037846 2021 in January
kE5czGLwLHc-00167-00037847-00038068 Genesis um if you've never heard of this
kE5czGLwLHc-00168-00038069-00038255 one well neither had I before I wrote
kE5czGLwLHc-00169-00038256-00038483 the parser for it it's an obscure
kE5czGLwLHc-00170-00038484-00038711 protocol used in the I mean I don't know
kE5czGLwLHc-00171-00038712-00038861 how scary it is to me the railway
kE5czGLwLHc-00172-00038862-00039095 industry was obscure anyway uh but it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00173-00039096-00039268 in the railway industry for signaling
kE5czGLwLHc-00174-00039269-00039496 and switching it's it's very similar to
kE5czGLwLHc-00175-00039497-00039707 modbus in its design in that it's a
kE5czGLwLHc-00176-00039708-00039995 client server model and you don't get a
kE5czGLwLHc-00177-00039996-00040151 whole lot of information from it other
kE5czGLwLHc-00178-00040152-00040349 than just like register values and
kE5czGLwLHc-00179-00040350-00040630 things this was the first one that I I
kE5czGLwLHc-00180-00040631-00040871 uh the first ICS parser that I wrote in
kE5czGLwLHc-00181-00040872-00041068 spicy and it was released earlier this
kE5czGLwLHc-00182-00041069-00041321 year
kE5czGLwLHc-00183-00041322-00041596 um OPC UA binary OPC UA is an open
kE5czGLwLHc-00184-00041597-00041818 communication standard for data exchange
kE5czGLwLHc-00185-00041819-00042059 between industrial sensors and Cloud
kE5czGLwLHc-00186-00042060-00042305 applications and there's two kind of
kE5czGLwLHc-00187-00042306-00042635 main protocols that implement the OPC UA
kE5czGLwLHc-00188-00042636-00042923 standard one is a web services base and
kE5czGLwLHc-00189-00042924-00043090 the other is binary for which we've
kE5czGLwLHc-00190-00043091-00043246 written and are still writing this
kE5czGLwLHc-00191-00043247-00043368 parser
kE5czGLwLHc-00192-00043369-00043624 side note if you're driving past idle
kE5czGLwLHc-00193-00043625-00043805 falls on your way to like a Yellowstone
kE5czGLwLHc-00194-00043806-00044039 National Park vacation and you hear
kE5czGLwLHc-00195-00044040-00044243 wailing and gnashing of teeth don't
kE5czGLwLHc-00196-00044244-00044446 worry it's probably just my co-workers
kE5czGLwLHc-00197-00044447-00044674 Kent Carver and Melanie Pierce that are
kE5czGLwLHc-00198-00044675-00044933 still working on this parser because
kE5czGLwLHc-00199-00044934-00045208 there's dozens of services and uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00200-00045209-00045377 they've been going at it for a long time
kE5czGLwLHc-00201-00045378-00045527 and so we're actually going to circle
kE5czGLwLHc-00202-00045528-00045677 back around to this one towards the end
kE5czGLwLHc-00203-00045678-00045833 of my presentation
kE5czGLwLHc-00204-00045834-00046085 uh S7 com is kind of our most recent one
kE5czGLwLHc-00205-00046086-00046223 that we've released
kE5czGLwLHc-00206-00046224-00046549 um it's and it's successor S7 com plus
kE5czGLwLHc-00207-00046550-00046840 uh are proprietary for Siemens
kE5czGLwLHc-00208-00046841-00047068 programmable logic controllers but we do
kE5czGLwLHc-00209-00047069-00047267 see a lot of those out there
kE5czGLwLHc-00210-00047268-00047543 um it sits on top of cotp which is the
kE5czGLwLHc-00211-00047544-00047712 connection oriented transport protocol
kE5czGLwLHc-00212-00047713-00047999 it was released earlier this summer
kE5czGLwLHc-00213-00048000-00048173 and then finally one that's a work in
kE5czGLwLHc-00214-00048174-00048365 progress you can see my little under
kE5czGLwLHc-00215-00048366-00048652 construction man there sometime within
kE5czGLwLHc-00216-00048653-00048802 the next few weeks or maybe months
kE5czGLwLHc-00217-00048803-00048923 you're going to see the release of our
kE5czGLwLHc-00218-00048924-00049243 profanet IO context manager parser
kE5czGLwLHc-00219-00049244-00049585 profinet is a widely used ethernet based
kE5czGLwLHc-00220-00049586-00049883 ICS protocol that's also designed to
kE5czGLwLHc-00221-00049884-00050057 deliver data in real-time networks where
kE5czGLwLHc-00222-00050058-00050267 timing is critical I've been told in
kE5czGLwLHc-00223-00050268-00050435 weekly status meetings for like six
kE5czGLwLHc-00224-00050436-00050668 months that this is almost done
kE5czGLwLHc-00225-00050669-00050873 so uh we should be seeing at any moment
kE5czGLwLHc-00226-00050874-00050980 now
kE5czGLwLHc-00227-00050981-00051101 um and then finally the ones that I
kE5czGLwLHc-00228-00051102-00051238 mentioned where we extend existing
kE5czGLwLHc-00229-00051239-00051526 parsers no changes to like the
kE5czGLwLHc-00230-00051527-00051707 underlying Z code in these ones but
kE5czGLwLHc-00231-00051708-00051923 we've got some scripting some script
kE5czGLwLHc-00232-00051924-00052192 land stuff that um creates additional
kE5czGLwLHc-00233-00052194-00052469 log files with a lot more details about
kE5czGLwLHc-00234-00052470-00052913 dnp3 and modbus which are um the the ICS
kE5czGLwLHc-00235-00052914-00053087 protocols that Z guardi has built-in
kE5czGLwLHc-00236-00053088-00053219 support for
kE5czGLwLHc-00237-00053220-00053466 and it does add a lot a lot more detail
kE5czGLwLHc-00238-00053467-00053729 if you need that
kE5czGLwLHc-00239-00053729-00053963 um kind of uh not an ICS protocol but
kE5czGLwLHc-00240-00053964-00054161 just kind of worth mentioning uh I also
kE5czGLwLHc-00241-00054162-00054425 wrote the ldap protocol parser or kind
kE5czGLwLHc-00242-00054426-00054688 of extended like some long abandoned
kE5czGLwLHc-00243-00054689-00054935 Hilti code from like some of the earlier
kE5czGLwLHc-00244-00054936-00055144 proof of concepts of what later became
kE5czGLwLHc-00245-00055145-00055432 spicy ldap is the core underlying
kE5czGLwLHc-00246-00055433-00055637 protocol of active directory and it in
kE5czGLwLHc-00247-00055638-00055900 turn is asn.1 based I just mentioned it
kE5czGLwLHc-00248-00055901-00056075 because it was my first my first
kE5czGLwLHc-00249-00056076-00056285 exposure to spicy and I learned a lot
kE5czGLwLHc-00250-00056286-00056530 while building it since my initial work
kE5czGLwLHc-00251-00056532-00056723 on it it's gone over to live on Zeke's
kE5czGLwLHc-00252-00056724-00056957 GitHub and has been extended further by
kE5czGLwLHc-00253-00056958-00057257 other developers so uh there's still a
kE5czGLwLHc-00254-00057258-00057400 lot of functions I think that aren't
kE5czGLwLHc-00255-00057401-00057563 totally implemented yet but the
kE5czGLwLHc-00256-00057564-00057826 important stuff is pretty much there
kE5czGLwLHc-00257-00057827-00058061 um and then uh the other stuff that I've
kE5czGLwLHc-00258-00058062-00058288 done parser-wise when Zeke four and then
kE5czGLwLHc-00259-00058289-00058492 when Zeke five came out
kE5czGLwLHc-00260-00058494-00058642 um I needed to get a whole bunch of
kE5czGLwLHc-00261-00058644-00058888 plugins working with those uh and so I
kE5czGLwLHc-00262-00058889-00059087 submitted like a bunch of pull requests
kE5czGLwLHc-00263-00059088-00059388 to all sorts of different third-party uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00264-00059389-00059680 uh repositories to to try to fix things
kE5czGLwLHc-00265-00059682-00059819 and get things working in those versions
kE5czGLwLHc-00266-00059820-00059963 of Zeke
kE5czGLwLHc-00267-00059964-00060187 um and uh I just mentioned that because
kE5czGLwLHc-00268-00060188-00060604 if if coming into Zeke parser writing
kE5czGLwLHc-00269-00060605-00060791 Zeke parsers or Zeke packages is
kE5czGLwLHc-00270-00060791-00060953 something you're interested in that's a
kE5czGLwLHc-00271-00060954-00061097 really really good way to do it that was
kE5czGLwLHc-00272-00061098-00061259 a great way to do it for me is to get
kE5czGLwLHc-00273-00061260-00061613 into the code of the the parsers that
kE5czGLwLHc-00274-00061614-00061726 we're already using or that we're
kE5czGLwLHc-00275-00061727-00061991 interested in and and just kind of learn
kE5czGLwLHc-00276-00061991-00062135 how they work through
kE5czGLwLHc-00277-00062136-00062279 um through debugging them or whatever
kE5czGLwLHc-00278-00062279-00062537 and you can go like I did from someone
kE5czGLwLHc-00279-00062538-00062729 who felt like you never knew what he was
kE5czGLwLHc-00280-00062729-00062957 doing to someone who almost
kE5czGLwLHc-00281-00062958-00063226 sometimes doesn't feel like you know
kE5czGLwLHc-00282-00063227-00063430 what he's doing so I still I still feel
kE5czGLwLHc-00283-00063432-00063653 like I've got a long ways to go but but
kE5czGLwLHc-00284-00063654-00063875 it did help me a lot
kE5czGLwLHc-00285-00063876-00064073 um so what a cool project I can hear you
kE5czGLwLHc-00286-00064074-00064342 all saying uh how will you decide what
kE5czGLwLHc-00287-00064344-00064588 protocols to write purses for next uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00288-00064589-00064715 well I'm very glad you asked me that
kE5czGLwLHc-00289-00064716-00065009 question thank you a few uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00290-00065010-00065194 considerations come into play as we try
kE5czGLwLHc-00291-00065195-00065459 to to prioritize the list of parsers
kE5czGLwLHc-00292-00065460-00065650 because there's a huge list of ICS
kE5czGLwLHc-00293-00065651-00065885 protocols out there and some of them are
kE5czGLwLHc-00294-00065886-00065999 really obscure and some of them are
kE5czGLwLHc-00295-00066000-00066203 really common and so we're always trying
kE5czGLwLHc-00296-00066204-00066329 to figure out like what would be the
kE5czGLwLHc-00297-00066330-00066575 next place to focus our resources on
kE5czGLwLHc-00298-00066576-00066838 uh firstly the frequency observed in the
kE5czGLwLHc-00299-00066839-00067031 wild in in our customer or in our
kE5czGLwLHc-00300-00067032-00067235 stakeholder networks
kE5czGLwLHc-00301-00067236-00067499 um obviously the more common and unparsh
kE5czGLwLHc-00302-00067500-00067721 protocol is particularly for us when
kE5czGLwLHc-00303-00067722-00067900 it's used in critical infrastructure the
kE5czGLwLHc-00304-00067901-00068135 higher priority it is for us and so
kE5czGLwLHc-00305-00068136-00068321 second kind of along with that is
kE5czGLwLHc-00306-00068322-00068537 requests from the community uh one of
kE5czGLwLHc-00307-00068538-00068771 the big reasons that the DHS scissa is
kE5czGLwLHc-00308-00068772-00068981 driving this project is to respond to
kE5czGLwLHc-00309-00068982-00069221 the needs of the OT community at large
kE5czGLwLHc-00310-00069222-00069538 so we we want to keep our finger on the
kE5czGLwLHc-00311-00069539-00069779 pulse of that of that community and see
kE5czGLwLHc-00312-00069780-00069976 where those needs are
kE5czGLwLHc-00313-00069977-00070144 um the availability of resources can be
kE5czGLwLHc-00314-00070145-00070313 a big driver as to whether or not we
kE5czGLwLHc-00315-00070314-00070505 feel we can tackle a new parser this
kE5czGLwLHc-00316-00070506-00070697 includes documentation and standards
kE5czGLwLHc-00317-00070698-00070931 whether there's existing other
kE5czGLwLHc-00318-00070932-00071141 implementations like you know server
kE5czGLwLHc-00319-00071142-00071376 client libraries or Wireshark detectors
kE5czGLwLHc-00320-00071377-00071794 whatever there is out there test pcap is
kE5czGLwLHc-00321-00071795-00071897 a big one and we're going to talk about
kE5czGLwLHc-00322-00071898-00072094 that here in a second
kE5czGLwLHc-00323-00072095-00072221 and then finally just protocol
kE5czGLwLHc-00324-00072222-00072469 complexity or to phrase it another way
kE5czGLwLHc-00325-00072470-00072665 how long
kE5czGLwLHc-00326-00072666-00072899 like how long before we can have some
kE5czGLwLHc-00327-00072900-00073187 minimum viable product that we can that
kE5czGLwLHc-00328-00073188-00073343 we can get out and that will be useful
kE5czGLwLHc-00329-00073344-00073643 to someone even for complex parsers we
kE5czGLwLHc-00330-00073644-00073885 we prefer to do like a release early
kE5czGLwLHc-00331-00073886-00074147 with a partially implemented parser that
kE5czGLwLHc-00332-00074148-00074350 has the core stuff maybe it's just like
kE5czGLwLHc-00333-00074351-00074549 logging out function names right along
kE5czGLwLHc-00334-00074550-00074765 with the timestamp and then periodically
kE5czGLwLHc-00335-00074766-00075023 put out updates as we as we flush out
kE5czGLwLHc-00336-00075024-00075287 the protocol a little bit more
kE5czGLwLHc-00337-00075288-00075425 um so we're going to talk about some of
kE5czGLwLHc-00338-00075426-00075617 the challenges we face as we try to
kE5czGLwLHc-00339-00075618-00075761 build these new parsers
kE5czGLwLHc-00340-00075762-00076055 um a lot of us at the start of this a
kE5czGLwLHc-00341-00076056-00076288 couple of years ago had not ever really
kE5czGLwLHc-00342-00076289-00076606 done Zeke parser development before
kE5czGLwLHc-00343-00076607-00076865 um we were uh we were new to that and so
kE5czGLwLHc-00344-00076866-00077026 these are just some of the lessons that
kE5czGLwLHc-00345-00077027-00077231 we learned as we got into it if you've
kE5czGLwLHc-00346-00077232-00077417 been writing Zeke parsers for a long
kE5czGLwLHc-00347-00077418-00077573 time like at the end of this you're
kE5czGLwLHc-00348-00077574-00077699 going to say yeah I already knew all of
kE5czGLwLHc-00349-00077700-00077938 that stuff but um but two years ago I
kE5czGLwLHc-00350-00077939-00078076 didn't know that so maybe some of you
kE5czGLwLHc-00351-00078077-00078232 guys are somebody watching online will
kE5czGLwLHc-00352-00078233-00078526 will uh this will help them think of
kE5czGLwLHc-00353-00078527-00078659 some of these things before they come to
kE5czGLwLHc-00354-00078660-00078887 the same hurdles that we came to
kE5czGLwLHc-00355-00078888-00079211 number one is a lack of packet captures
kE5czGLwLHc-00356-00079212-00079462 that is probably our most ongoing issue
kE5czGLwLHc-00357-00079463-00079744 if we're trying to to build out a parser
kE5czGLwLHc-00358-00079745-00079949 that we don't currently have support uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00359-00079950-00080123 some ICS Protocols are really obscure
kE5czGLwLHc-00360-00080124-00080375 they're used on some Legacy device that
kE5czGLwLHc-00361-00080376-00080482 you know is from an out of business
kE5czGLwLHc-00362-00080483-00080741 manufacturer or they're very specialized
kE5czGLwLHc-00363-00080742-00080932 Niche kind of domain or they're
kE5czGLwLHc-00364-00080933-00081173 proprietary and so without packet
kE5czGLwLHc-00365-00081174-00081394 captures which provide good coverage for
kE5czGLwLHc-00366-00081395-00081538 all the nooks and crannies of that
kE5czGLwLHc-00367-00081539-00081773 protocol uh it's almost impossible to
kE5czGLwLHc-00368-00081774-00081976 fully test a parser and ensure that
kE5czGLwLHc-00369-00081977-00082121 we're capturing the fields correctly
kE5czGLwLHc-00370-00082122-00082355 without major issues or crashes or
kE5czGLwLHc-00371-00082356-00082493 whatever
kE5czGLwLHc-00372-00082494-00082655 um we've used a variety of methods to
kE5czGLwLHc-00373-00082656-00082853 try to get pcaps as we're as we're
kE5czGLwLHc-00374-00082854-00083021 trying to uh put together what we need
kE5czGLwLHc-00375-00083022-00083273 to build a parser including um you know
kE5czGLwLHc-00376-00083274-00083453 doing open source research finding stuff
kE5czGLwLHc-00377-00083454-00083603 online
kE5czGLwLHc-00378-00083604-00083759 um I've got a link there actually where
kE5czGLwLHc-00379-00083760-00084082 I've collected a big list of like a lot
kE5czGLwLHc-00380-00084083-00084244 of different pcap sources that I found
kE5czGLwLHc-00381-00084245-00084388 online that are just public and open
kE5czGLwLHc-00382-00084389-00084569 that I've that I've scoured and
kE5czGLwLHc-00383-00084570-00084826 downloaded different things from uh and
kE5czGLwLHc-00384-00084827-00085025 then collected them there on GitHub
kE5czGLwLHc-00385-00085026-00085294 um we've we've got a kind of a test Bay
kE5czGLwLHc-00386-00085295-00085649 in uh at the inl called seller control
kE5czGLwLHc-00387-00085650-00085961 environment laboratory resource we
kE5czGLwLHc-00388-00085962-00086135 that's a backer Name by the way I don't
kE5czGLwLHc-00389-00086136-00086297 know if I'm supposed to say this because
kE5czGLwLHc-00390-00086298-00086512 government loves acronyms but we're in
kE5czGLwLHc-00391-00086513-00086675 Idaho right it's a potato so we called
kE5czGLwLHc-00392-00086676-00086837 it the seller like a potato seller
kE5czGLwLHc-00393-00086838-00086950 that's the thing people who have
kE5czGLwLHc-00394-00086951-00087119 potatoes have
kE5czGLwLHc-00395-00087120-00087335 um anyway we have this test bed which
kE5czGLwLHc-00396-00087336-00087503 has got all these different skids for
kE5czGLwLHc-00397-00087504-00087676 like the different
kE5czGLwLHc-00398-00087677-00087935 chemical and oil and natural gas and
kE5czGLwLHc-00399-00087936-00088144 electrical and all these different
kE5czGLwLHc-00400-00088145-00088300 sectors and then different kinds of
kE5czGLwLHc-00401-00088301-00088421 devices that would be used in those
kE5czGLwLHc-00402-00088422-00088571 sectors and so we'll capture packets
kE5czGLwLHc-00403-00088572-00088853 based off of that we've also done a lot
kE5czGLwLHc-00404-00088854-00088985 of scripting right creating custom
kE5czGLwLHc-00405-00088986-00089206 packet captures through scripting with
kE5czGLwLHc-00406-00089207-00089447 with python packages that we've got or
kE5czGLwLHc-00407-00089448-00089644 proof of Concepts or reference
kE5czGLwLHc-00408-00089645-00089861 implementations on GitHub and then just
kE5czGLwLHc-00409-00089862-00090106 like using scapey to to generate the
kE5czGLwLHc-00410-00090107-00090365 pcap that's not always ideal because I
kE5czGLwLHc-00411-00090366-00090665 found that the real world doesn't always
kE5czGLwLHc-00412-00090666-00090815 super line up with the test
kE5czGLwLHc-00413-00090816-00091079 implementations and the like proof of
kE5czGLwLHc-00414-00091080-00091241 concept libraries but sometimes it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00415-00091242-00091355 better than nothing
kE5czGLwLHc-00416-00091356-00091576 so real data is always best right quite
kE5czGLwLHc-00417-00091577-00091721 a few times we've been approached or
kE5czGLwLHc-00418-00091722-00091943 will approach a customer uh or we'll be
kE5czGLwLHc-00419-00091944-00092081 you know interfacing with the customer
kE5czGLwLHc-00420-00092082-00092249 and they'll say can you you know can you
kE5czGLwLHc-00421-00092250-00092503 guys develop a parser for Fubar protocol
kE5czGLwLHc-00422-00092504-00092843 20xd6 and we're like absolutely sure you
kE5czGLwLHc-00423-00092844-00093011 know are you willing to share some pcap
kE5czGLwLHc-00424-00093012-00093221 off of your network with us to allow us
kE5czGLwLHc-00425-00093222-00093341 to do that and then it's just like
kE5czGLwLHc-00426-00093342-00093509 crickets right they just look at us with
kE5czGLwLHc-00427-00093510-00093671 surprise Pikachu face and they're like
kE5czGLwLHc-00428-00093672-00093821 what
kE5czGLwLHc-00429-00093822-00093994 um and so you know there's there's our
kE5czGLwLHc-00430-00093995-00094126 reasons though that they might not be
kE5czGLwLHc-00431-00094127-00094288 able to share that with us it might be
kE5czGLwLHc-00432-00094289-00094475 that they just don't have the knowledge
kE5czGLwLHc-00433-00094476-00094726 or the resources to take that capture uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00434-00094727-00094882 it might be that there's regulations
kE5czGLwLHc-00435-00094883-00095303 about pii or pcii and they're wary of
kE5czGLwLHc-00436-00095304-00095471 giving us captured traffic because of
kE5czGLwLHc-00437-00095472-00095693 those regulations and so sometimes you
kE5czGLwLHc-00438-00095694-00095837 have to address those and say like okay
kE5czGLwLHc-00439-00095838-00096097 right there's tools maybe for pcap
kE5czGLwLHc-00440-00096098-00096425 anonymization or sanitization like Trace
kE5czGLwLHc-00441-00096426-00096659 Wrangler or pcap sanitizer or something
kE5czGLwLHc-00442-00096660-00096881 like that that could help scrub some of
kE5czGLwLHc-00443-00096882-00097150 that data out but still give you useful
kE5czGLwLHc-00444-00097151-00097391 information or maybe you know you need
kE5czGLwLHc-00445-00097392-00097594 to sign an NDA or something like that
kE5czGLwLHc-00446-00097595-00097817 but but having a good pcap is is like
kE5czGLwLHc-00447-00097818-00097925 the first
kE5czGLwLHc-00448-00097926-00098200 um close behind though is access to
kE5czGLwLHc-00449-00098201-00098476 standards or specifications
kE5czGLwLHc-00450-00098477-00098699 um accurate and thorough documentation
kE5czGLwLHc-00451-00098700-00098950 obviously is key for determining service
kE5czGLwLHc-00452-00098951-00099161 and function codes and protocol
kE5czGLwLHc-00453-00099162-00099394 structures and field sizes and logic
kE5czGLwLHc-00454-00099395-00099653 flow fortunately a lot of the standards
kE5czGLwLHc-00455-00099654-00099844 that we've used as we've developed these
kE5czGLwLHc-00456-00099845-00100061 have been open source or published
kE5czGLwLHc-00457-00100062-00100312 freely but others unfortunately right
kE5czGLwLHc-00458-00100313-00100565 require accounts and subscriptions and
kE5czGLwLHc-00459-00100566-00100805 Partnerships and paid access that's not
kE5czGLwLHc-00460-00100806-00100985 necessarily a deal breaker right if you
kE5czGLwLHc-00461-00100986-00101141 or your employers willing to Shell out
kE5czGLwLHc-00462-00101142-00101411 the money for that but it is one more
kE5czGLwLHc-00463-00101412-00101555 hoop to jump through
kE5czGLwLHc-00464-00101556-00101723 one illustration kind of on the
kE5czGLwLHc-00465-00101724-00101962 importance of good documentation
kE5czGLwLHc-00466-00101963-00102106 um and how you weigh that against the
kE5czGLwLHc-00467-00102107-00102323 availability of traffic is this Genesis
kE5czGLwLHc-00468-00102324-00102515 parser that I mentioned a minute ago is
kE5czGLwLHc-00469-00102516-00102665 this protocol that's used to control
kE5czGLwLHc-00470-00102666-00102886 scada field devices in the railway
kE5czGLwLHc-00471-00102888-00103084 industry so we were asked to create a
kE5czGLwLHc-00472-00103085-00103247 parser for it and honestly I don't even
kE5czGLwLHc-00473-00103248-00103432 remember who like the the customer was
kE5czGLwLHc-00474-00103433-00103636 or whatever but the only resources we
kE5czGLwLHc-00475-00103638-00103889 had was a little pcap with like a
kE5czGLwLHc-00476-00103890-00104068 thousand packets in it and it was a
kE5czGLwLHc-00477-00104069-00104254 mid-stream capture so I had to like fake
kE5czGLwLHc-00478-00104255-00104489 out the handshake with scapey to begin
kE5czGLwLHc-00479-00104490-00104632 with
kE5czGLwLHc-00480-00104633-00104830 um and then I found a rejected Wireshark
kE5czGLwLHc-00481-00104831-00105071 dissector patch that was submitted in
kE5czGLwLHc-00482-00105072-00105407 2008 and then then never like responded
kE5czGLwLHc-00483-00105408-00105599 to it or whatever so Wireshark closed it
kE5czGLwLHc-00484-00105600-00105773 thank goodness it was archived and
kE5czGLwLHc-00485-00105774-00106007 that's what I had to go on and and so um
kE5czGLwLHc-00486-00106008-00106193 you know I was eventually able to Google
kE5czGLwLHc-00487-00106194-00106475 Foo up a PDF from some document on one
kE5czGLwLHc-00488-00106476-00106651 of those like cool
kE5czGLwLHc-00489-00106652-00106883 manualsrs.com sort of a thing and it
kE5czGLwLHc-00490-00106883-00107134 just like had this old archived PDF that
kE5czGLwLHc-00491-00107135-00107297 touched on some of what the control
kE5czGLwLHc-00492-00107298-00107549 codes and stuff meant but like it was
kE5czGLwLHc-00493-00107550-00107728 was really just basically black box
kE5czGLwLHc-00494-00107729-00107884 trying to figure out what was going on
kE5czGLwLHc-00495-00107885-00108071 here luckily this was a really simple
kE5czGLwLHc-00496-00108072-00108245 protocol kind of like modbus there
kE5czGLwLHc-00497-00108246-00108443 wasn't a lot to it and so we were able
kE5czGLwLHc-00498-00108444-00108628 to represent those structures pretty
kE5czGLwLHc-00499-00108629-00108790 easily and spicy and actually it was
kE5czGLwLHc-00500-00108791-00108965 really quick turnaround but if that had
kE5czGLwLHc-00501-00108966-00109204 been a more complicated protocol with
kE5czGLwLHc-00502-00109205-00109457 with that little documentation and that
kE5czGLwLHc-00503-00109458-00109666 little pcap like there's no way we could
kE5czGLwLHc-00504-00109667-00109739 have
kE5czGLwLHc-00505-00109740-00110010 written a parser for it
kE5czGLwLHc-00506-00110011-00110254 development learning curve we found is a
kE5czGLwLHc-00507-00110255-00110507 big one for uh when we're bringing on
kE5czGLwLHc-00508-00110508-00110675 new people into the project or maybe
kE5czGLwLHc-00509-00110676-00110819 we've got new hires that haven't done
kE5czGLwLHc-00510-00110820-00111071 this before not everyone is a c plus
kE5czGLwLHc-00511-00111072-00111263 programmer right
kE5czGLwLHc-00512-00111264-00111449 um and I think there is a lot of overlap
kE5czGLwLHc-00513-00111450-00111701 between the Cyber field and like the the
kE5czGLwLHc-00514-00111702-00111899 soft the computer science field but it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00515-00111900-00112115 not perfect overlap
kE5czGLwLHc-00516-00112116-00112427 um and so uh you know writing C plus
kE5czGLwLHc-00517-00112428-00112631 plus writing bimpac
kE5czGLwLHc-00518-00112632-00112816 um is is I think harder to get spun up
kE5czGLwLHc-00519-00112817-00113063 on this is why we really like spicy and
kE5czGLwLHc-00520-00113064-00113315 we're looking at spicy for for all the
kE5czGLwLHc-00521-00113316-00113428 kind of future stuff that we've got
kE5czGLwLHc-00522-00113429-00113543 going forward
kE5czGLwLHc-00523-00113544-00113813 um we feel it's it's really become an
kE5czGLwLHc-00524-00113814-00113957 excellent solution to this problem so if
kE5czGLwLHc-00525-00113958-00114119 you're not familiar with spicy I I
kE5czGLwLHc-00526-00114120-00114251 suggest you check it out there's some
kE5czGLwLHc-00527-00114252-00114425 great videos and stuff that that Robin
kE5czGLwLHc-00528-00114426-00114616 and others have got online
kE5czGLwLHc-00529-00114617-00114839 um about spicy
kE5czGLwLHc-00530-00114840-00115097 um I'm sure Robin and and Joanna and
kE5czGLwLHc-00531-00115098-00115271 Benjamin and Keith Jones and others in
kE5czGLwLHc-00532-00115272-00115589 the spicy Channel like at some point or
kE5czGLwLHc-00533-00115590-00115751 another have been pretty tired of my
kE5czGLwLHc-00534-00115752-00115919 questions while I was doing uh the
kE5czGLwLHc-00535-00115920-00116195 initial work on uh the ldap parser and
kE5czGLwLHc-00536-00116196-00116404 the underlying asn.1 structure decoding
kE5czGLwLHc-00537-00116405-00116584 but but I can tell you they were helpful
kE5czGLwLHc-00538-00116585-00116801 and they were patient and when I found a
kE5czGLwLHc-00539-00116802-00116993 couple of bugs or issues in spicy itself
kE5czGLwLHc-00540-00116994-00117131 they were always like grateful and
kE5czGLwLHc-00541-00117132-00117413 responsive so it's it's really the
kE5czGLwLHc-00542-00117414-00117707 development on it is very inclusive and
kE5czGLwLHc-00543-00117708-00117904 um it's it's really I think taking off
kE5czGLwLHc-00544-00117905-00118036 and we're going to do all of our
kE5czGLwLHc-00545-00118038-00118333 development going forward and spicy
kE5czGLwLHc-00546-00118333-00118540 another challenge is the development
kE5czGLwLHc-00547-00118541-00118804 environment and and packaging plug-in
kE5czGLwLHc-00548-00118805-00118925 releases
kE5czGLwLHc-00549-00118926-00119081 um I mean this is this is I think kind
kE5czGLwLHc-00550-00119082-00119260 of a solved problem in continuous
kE5czGLwLHc-00551-00119261-00119554 integration circles and stuff but uh you
kE5czGLwLHc-00552-00119555-00119704 know like I say not all the new hires
kE5czGLwLHc-00553-00119705-00119921 and stuff are necessarily
kE5czGLwLHc-00554-00119922-00120083 you know you say okay here's your new
kE5czGLwLHc-00555-00120083-00120202 laptop we're going to be writing a
kE5czGLwLHc-00556-00120203-00120352 parser welcome to the team or whatever
kE5czGLwLHc-00557-00120353-00120515 and they're like okay I got to go
kE5czGLwLHc-00558-00120516-00120677 install Zeke and I got to go make sure I
kE5czGLwLHc-00559-00120678-00120869 got the right build tool chain to like
kE5czGLwLHc-00560-00120870-00121031 compile these things and all this right
kE5czGLwLHc-00561-00121032-00121331 and so uh I'm I'm really uh containerize
kE5czGLwLHc-00562-00121332-00121649 all the things Docker podman Zealot and
kE5czGLwLHc-00563-00121650-00121793 so that's a huge part of my personal
kE5czGLwLHc-00564-00121794-00122075 development workflow so you can use the
kE5czGLwLHc-00565-00122076-00122266 official Zeke Docker images or you can
kE5czGLwLHc-00566-00122267-00122465 roll your own like I've done that has
kE5czGLwLHc-00567-00122466-00122566 kind of
kE5czGLwLHc-00568-00122567-00122777 some things the way I like it and it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00569-00122778-00122927 really nice to be able to drop quickly
kE5czGLwLHc-00570-00122928-00123160 into a container I think I've actually
kE5czGLwLHc-00571-00123161-00123395 got even a little way to show how that's
kE5czGLwLHc-00572-00123396-00123569 done maybe if I can click on something
kE5czGLwLHc-00573-00123570-00123784 right just so you can see something move
kE5czGLwLHc-00574-00123785-00123952 other than my lips right you can clone
kE5czGLwLHc-00575-00123953-00124343 your parser and you can make whatever
kE5czGLwLHc-00576-00124344-00124625 changes you need to you know as you're
kE5czGLwLHc-00577-00124626-00124757 as you're testing it as you're trying
kE5czGLwLHc-00578-00124758-00124919 things out
kE5czGLwLHc-00579-00124920-00125260 um and then just drop into a container
kE5czGLwLHc-00580-00125261-00125536 that is got your directory bind mounted
kE5czGLwLHc-00581-00125538-00125849 into it and like zkg install and Away
kE5czGLwLHc-00582-00125850-00126125 you go right it's very it's a very easy
kE5czGLwLHc-00583-00126126-00126358 way to just make sure that everyone's on
kE5czGLwLHc-00584-00126359-00126508 the same page as far as the versions
kE5czGLwLHc-00585-00126509-00126815 that you're using and the tool chain and
kE5czGLwLHc-00586-00126816-00127025 uh Etc
kE5czGLwLHc-00587-00127026-00127151 um
kE5czGLwLHc-00588-00127152-00127349 along the same lines as far as making
kE5czGLwLHc-00589-00127350-00127510 things easy for people improvements to
kE5czGLwLHc-00590-00127511-00127721 the Zeke package managers EKG in the
kE5czGLwLHc-00591-00127722-00127907 last couple of years have made have made
kE5czGLwLHc-00592-00127908-00128075 using zkg and the Zeke packages
kE5czGLwLHc-00593-00128076-00128369 repository a really really easy and
kE5czGLwLHc-00594-00128370-00128584 effective way for maintaining and
kE5czGLwLHc-00595-00128585-00128873 distributing parsers and so um you know
kE5czGLwLHc-00596-00128874-00129004 if you're working on this and you're
kE5czGLwLHc-00597-00129005-00129149 like okay now I don't know what to do
kE5czGLwLHc-00598-00129150-00129310 I've got this cool parser I want to
kE5czGLwLHc-00599-00129311-00129473 share with the world you can you can go
kE5czGLwLHc-00600-00129474-00129743 to Zeke packages on GitHub and submit a
kE5czGLwLHc-00601-00129744-00130025 pull request and you know that will get
kE5czGLwLHc-00602-00130026-00130301 reviewed and pulled in and and anyone in
kE5czGLwLHc-00603-00130302-00130457 can you know anyone in the community
kE5czGLwLHc-00604-00130458-00130607 that we're trying to work together and
kE5czGLwLHc-00605-00130608-00130786 and bring visibility and security into
kE5czGLwLHc-00606-00130788-00131069 our networks through that visibility can
kE5czGLwLHc-00607-00131070-00131261 just with one command install your
kE5czGLwLHc-00608-00131262-00131597 package and uh and Away you go
kE5czGLwLHc-00609-00131598-00131807 uh one issue we've had especially with
kE5czGLwLHc-00610-00131808-00131993 ICS parsers is the struggle to handle
kE5czGLwLHc-00611-00131994-00132221 vendor vendor-specific fields in
kE5czGLwLHc-00612-00132222-00132473 protocols like ethernet IP and CIP many
kE5czGLwLHc-00613-00132474-00132713 classes and services and service codes
kE5czGLwLHc-00614-00132714-00132916 or event can be vendor defined meaning
kE5czGLwLHc-00615-00132917-00133175 that they'll then they'll vary from from
kE5czGLwLHc-00616-00133176-00133361 vendor to vendor or even from site to
kE5czGLwLHc-00617-00133362-00133631 site and even worse as you know like
kE5czGLwLHc-00618-00133632-00133985 standards are a good idea in in theory
kE5czGLwLHc-00619-00133986-00134152 but sometimes in practice people don't
kE5czGLwLHc-00620-00134153-00134393 actually follow them that closely and so
kE5czGLwLHc-00621-00134394-00134531 not all vendors will interpret or
kE5czGLwLHc-00622-00134532-00134669 conform to those standards in the same
kE5czGLwLHc-00623-00134670-00134777 way
kE5czGLwLHc-00624-00134778-00135035 um to quote this CIP publication
kE5czGLwLHc-00625-00135036-00135221 defining vendor-specific Services
kE5czGLwLHc-00626-00135222-00135454 according to the requirements of the
kE5czGLwLHc-00627-00135455-00135647 product developer as possible while this
kE5czGLwLHc-00628-00135648-00135839 provides a lot of flexibility the
kE5czGLwLHc-00629-00135840-00136001 disadvantage of vendor-specific services
kE5czGLwLHc-00630-00136002-00136216 is that they may not be understand you
kE5czGLwLHc-00631-00136217-00136451 understood universally and I can test
kE5czGLwLHc-00632-00136452-00136577 that that is true
kE5czGLwLHc-00633-00136578-00136804 um they are sometimes it can be really
kE5czGLwLHc-00634-00136805-00136978 difficult because you write a parser and
kE5czGLwLHc-00635-00136979-00137213 then you end up in an environment where
kE5czGLwLHc-00636-00137214-00137447 the implementation there does not match
kE5czGLwLHc-00637-00137448-00137687 what you had thought the protocol was
kE5czGLwLHc-00638-00137688-00137825 and so things don't look right or they
kE5czGLwLHc-00639-00137826-00137963 don't parse right and I don't really
kE5czGLwLHc-00640-00137964-00138113 have a great solution to that honestly
kE5czGLwLHc-00641-00138114-00138251 like there's not there's not a super
kE5czGLwLHc-00642-00138252-00138466 magic bullet for that you can try to
kE5czGLwLHc-00643-00138467-00138689 write robust parsers and use like error
kE5czGLwLHc-00644-00138690-00138940 handling and and you know guess gets
kE5czGLwLHc-00645-00138941-00139109 what you got coming in I actually feel
kE5czGLwLHc-00646-00139110-00139259 like with spicy this is another place
kE5czGLwLHc-00647-00139260-00139487 that really shines is I'm less likely to
kE5czGLwLHc-00648-00139488-00139735 like crash things with spicy than I was
kE5czGLwLHc-00649-00139736-00140051 uh like without a bounce or like uh you
kE5czGLwLHc-00650-00140052-00140249 know indexing an array that's incorrect
kE5czGLwLHc-00651-00140250-00140501 or whatever which is I think more common
kE5czGLwLHc-00652-00140502-00140639 before with weird when we were doing
kE5czGLwLHc-00653-00140640-00140854 things in the C plus World
kE5czGLwLHc-00654-00140855-00140993 um but it's just something you have to
kE5czGLwLHc-00655-00140994-00141214 be aware of
kE5czGLwLHc-00656-00141215-00141395 um protocol complexity we talked about
kE5czGLwLHc-00657-00141396-00141611 this a little bit before if protocols
kE5czGLwLHc-00658-00141612-00141802 like modbus and Genesis are on the one
kE5czGLwLHc-00659-00141803-00141989 end of the complexity Spectrum there's
kE5czGLwLHc-00660-00141990-00142085 others that are really really
kE5czGLwLHc-00661-00142086-00142301 complicated right a good example of this
kE5czGLwLHc-00662-00142302-00142540 is the OPC way binary protocol which
kE5czGLwLHc-00663-00142541-00142673 we're still developing and putting out
kE5czGLwLHc-00664-00142674-00142871 updates too regularly
kE5czGLwLHc-00665-00142872-00143069 um so far the my colleagues had been
kE5czGLwLHc-00666-00143070-00143213 working on this Kent Melanie that I
kE5czGLwLHc-00667-00143214-00143566 mentioned earlier have been uh they've
kE5czGLwLHc-00668-00143567-00143747 they've been like they've implemented
kE5czGLwLHc-00669-00143748-00143975 like two dozen or maybe 30 services and
kE5czGLwLHc-00670-00143976-00144263 they've got like 65 still to go so when
kE5czGLwLHc-00671-00144264-00144395 looking at a parser like this you have
kE5czGLwLHc-00672-00144396-00144569 to ask yourself some questions right how
kE5czGLwLHc-00673-00144570-00144790 much detail do I need in the logs is is
kE5czGLwLHc-00674-00144791-00144971 an overview of the function names enough
kE5czGLwLHc-00675-00144972-00145259 or do I need actual like register values
kE5czGLwLHc-00676-00145260-00145409 and and return codes and things like
kE5czGLwLHc-00677-00145410-00145697 that what's the purpose of the logs that
kE5czGLwLHc-00678-00145698-00145907 I'm going to generate is it
kE5czGLwLHc-00679-00145908-00146135 um is it for monitoring security is it
kE5czGLwLHc-00680-00146136-00146519 for monitoring function uh both how are
kE5czGLwLHc-00681-00146520-00146663 the internal structures of the protocol
kE5czGLwLHc-00682-00146664-00146897 laid out and and what's the best way to
kE5czGLwLHc-00683-00146898-00147175 represent those structures in flat
kE5czGLwLHc-00684-00147176-00147521 z-clog files sometimes you know and
kE5czGLwLHc-00685-00147522-00147707 we've heard it today and I'm generally
kE5czGLwLHc-00686-00147708-00147940 one who strives to this uh to this axum
kE5czGLwLHc-00687-00147941-00148121 but that more data is better right or
kE5czGLwLHc-00688-00148122-00148313 like we'd rather have it and not need it
kE5czGLwLHc-00689-00148314-00148564 than not have it but like sometimes you
kE5czGLwLHc-00690-00148565-00148775 do have to find what the right line is
kE5czGLwLHc-00691-00148776-00149033 between under logging and not having the
kE5czGLwLHc-00692-00149034-00149207 information that you need and over
kE5czGLwLHc-00693-00149208-00149423 logging you know tying up processing
kE5czGLwLHc-00694-00149424-00149723 resources tying up storage uh in your in
kE5czGLwLHc-00695-00149724-00149969 your elastic indexes or wherever these
kE5czGLwLHc-00696-00149970-00150083 are stored
kE5czGLwLHc-00697-00150084-00150263 um because because you know a lot of
kE5czGLwLHc-00698-00150264-00150497 protocols can be really really uh
kE5czGLwLHc-00699-00150498-00150659 verbose if you if you're at the parser
kE5czGLwLHc-00700-00150660-00150790 that way
kE5czGLwLHc-00701-00150791-00151109 so this OPC UA binary parser did present
kE5czGLwLHc-00702-00151110-00151301 a unique set of challenges for us as
kE5czGLwLHc-00703-00151302-00151511 there are so many services and the
kE5czGLwLHc-00704-00151512-00151745 complicate matters further opcua binary
kE5czGLwLHc-00705-00151746-00152039 message packets can contain complex
kE5czGLwLHc-00706-00152040-00152254 nested structures and lists of
kE5czGLwLHc-00707-00152255-00152471 structures and structures that reference
kE5czGLwLHc-00708-00152472-00152590 the other structures that you already
kE5czGLwLHc-00709-00152591-00152843 wrote log files for and so we're left
kE5czGLwLHc-00710-00152844-00153083 with the choice of making one giant log
kE5czGLwLHc-00711-00153084-00153407 file with like you know 500 fields in it
kE5czGLwLHc-00712-00153408-00153593 and most of the time they're all empty
kE5czGLwLHc-00713-00153594-00153814 except for a few of them or breaking
kE5czGLwLHc-00714-00153815-00154121 them out into per function logs and then
kE5czGLwLHc-00715-00154122-00154252 right you've got the issue of
kE5czGLwLHc-00716-00154253-00154439 maintaining the links between these logs
kE5czGLwLHc-00717-00154440-00154787 of course we've got the zqid but a
kE5czGLwLHc-00718-00154788-00155009 single session represented by and you do
kE5czGLwLHc-00719-00155010-00155176 want it tied together that way but a
kE5czGLwLHc-00720-00155177-00155333 single session represented by a
kE5czGLwLHc-00721-00155334-00155525 connection uid could actually contain
kE5czGLwLHc-00722-00155526-00155771 multiple distinct operations in OPC UA
kE5czGLwLHc-00723-00155772-00155969 binary that could span multiple log
kE5czGLwLHc-00724-00155970-00156178 files in a similar way as the uid did so
kE5czGLwLHc-00725-00156179-00156437 in the end we kind of did end up going
kE5czGLwLHc-00726-00156438-00156707 with a one log file per function method
kE5czGLwLHc-00727-00156708-00157061 and uh kind of mimicking almost like a a
kE5czGLwLHc-00728-00157062-00157301 primary key foreign key relationship in
kE5czGLwLHc-00729-00157302-00157576 a uh in a relational database we assign
kE5czGLwLHc-00730-00157577-00157913 our own identifiers similar to the uid
kE5czGLwLHc-00731-00157914-00158128 um to operations which then we use to
kE5czGLwLHc-00732-00158129-00158357 bridge those log files in a one-to-many
kE5czGLwLHc-00733-00158358-00158573 relationship so far this has worked well
kE5czGLwLHc-00734-00158574-00158759 for us but there's been a lot of kind of
kE5czGLwLHc-00735-00158760-00158975 like hair pulled out and tear shed as
kE5czGLwLHc-00736-00158976-00159257 we've as we tried to like find what's
kE5czGLwLHc-00737-00159258-00159509 the best way to um map all this
kE5czGLwLHc-00738-00159510-00159766 complexity into these z-clog files and
kE5czGLwLHc-00739-00159767-00159989 and it's kind of continually a challenge
kE5czGLwLHc-00740-00159990-00160223 for us to figure out you know what's the
kE5czGLwLHc-00741-00160224-00160361 right amount of data what's the right
kE5czGLwLHc-00742-00160362-00160540 amount of normalization versus
kE5czGLwLHc-00743-00160541-00160787 denormalization for this data because
kE5czGLwLHc-00744-00160788-00160973 what you end up with is this this is the
kE5czGLwLHc-00745-00160974-00161195 actual relationship between all the
kE5czGLwLHc-00746-00161196-00161423 different log files that we have for the
kE5czGLwLHc-00747-00161424-00161693 OPC UA binary it's kind of like a star
kE5czGLwLHc-00748-00161694-00161866 schema right where you've got like your
kE5czGLwLHc-00749-00161867-00162107 fact table and your dimension table so
kE5czGLwLHc-00750-00162108-00162376 I've got the main OPC binary log that's
kE5czGLwLHc-00751-00162377-00162539 like here's a thing that could happen
kE5czGLwLHc-00752-00162540-00162749 and then if it's a create session I
kE5czGLwLHc-00753-00162750-00162971 could have this whole kind of subset of
kE5czGLwLHc-00754-00162972-00163204 create session logs that has their own
kE5czGLwLHc-00755-00163205-00163547 kind of details like it's obviously not
kE5czGLwLHc-00756-00163548-00163793 without complexity and and
kE5czGLwLHc-00757-00163794-00163985 uh you know we look at this and we're
kE5czGLwLHc-00758-00163986-00164093 not sure if we should be proud or
kE5czGLwLHc-00759-00164094-00164314 ashamed I don't know
kE5czGLwLHc-00760-00164315-00164435 um
kE5czGLwLHc-00761-00164436-00164771 so where do we go from here uh we really
kE5czGLwLHc-00762-00164772-00165107 could use if you or someone you love is
kE5czGLwLHc-00763-00165108-00165490 in the OT ICS space and uh and they have
kE5czGLwLHc-00764-00165491-00165737 input for us we'd love to hear it we'd
kE5czGLwLHc-00765-00165738-00165928 love to help prioritize we love your
kE5czGLwLHc-00766-00165929-00166240 help in prioritizing our wish list of of
kE5czGLwLHc-00767-00166241-00166535 OT ICS Network protocols that need
kE5czGLwLHc-00768-00166536-00166733 protocol parsers
kE5czGLwLHc-00769-00166734-00166895 um so like you're welcome to reach out
kE5czGLwLHc-00770-00166896-00167063 to us reach out to me
kE5czGLwLHc-00771-00167064-00167387 um at the inl and we can talk about what
kE5czGLwLHc-00772-00167388-00167543 environment you're in and what protocols
kE5czGLwLHc-00773-00167544-00167716 are being used that that you don't think
kE5czGLwLHc-00774-00167717-00167969 there's good coverage for and uh and
kE5czGLwLHc-00775-00167970-00168119 right we'll run it up the flagpole and
kE5czGLwLHc-00776-00168120-00168383 and maybe in some time in the future we
kE5czGLwLHc-00777-00168384-00168581 can help you out with that
kE5czGLwLHc-00778-00168582-00168826 um we we welcome bug reports and
kE5czGLwLHc-00779-00168827-00168964 enhancement requests for our existing
kE5czGLwLHc-00780-00168965-00169169 ICS parsers I know it's not an
kE5czGLwLHc-00781-00169170-00169361 environment that everybody's got data in
kE5czGLwLHc-00782-00169362-00169631 and so our our kind of like subset of
kE5czGLwLHc-00783-00169632-00169763 people that are actually using these
kE5czGLwLHc-00784-00169764-00169949 isn't super huge
kE5czGLwLHc-00785-00169950-00170140 um but if you if you do use it and you
kE5czGLwLHc-00786-00170141-00170326 find something that could be enhanced or
kE5czGLwLHc-00787-00170327-00170495 fixed let us know
kE5czGLwLHc-00788-00170496-00170626 um and finally just as I kind of
kE5czGLwLHc-00789-00170627-00170735 mentioned earlier I can't say enough
kE5czGLwLHc-00790-00170736-00170951 good things about spicy that's going to
kE5czGLwLHc-00791-00170952-00171089 be I think a big part of our development
kE5czGLwLHc-00792-00171090-00171328 process going forward
kE5czGLwLHc-00793-00171329-00171401 um
kE5czGLwLHc-00794-00171402-00171575 I don't know if I talked for five
kE5czGLwLHc-00795-00171576-00171766 minutes or 30 minutes but that's the end
kE5czGLwLHc-00796-00171767-00171964 of my presentation so if there's any
kE5czGLwLHc-00797-00171965-00172157 questions or anything I'd be happy to
kE5czGLwLHc-00798-00172158-00172397 answer them or like I say you can grab
kE5czGLwLHc-00799-00172398-00172540 me afterwards and I'll give you a card
kE5czGLwLHc-00800-00172541-00173495 or something like that thank you
kE5czGLwLHc-00801-00173496-00173681 actually I did just about right
kE5czGLwLHc-00802-00173682-00173890 sweet
kE5czGLwLHc-00803-00173891-00174190 there's one back there
kE5czGLwLHc-00804-00174191-00174371 all right got time for one or two
kE5czGLwLHc-00805-00174372-00174616 questions real quick
kE5czGLwLHc-00806-00174617-00174707 first
kE5czGLwLHc-00807-00174708-00174935 it is so bright here I cannot see well
kE5czGLwLHc-00808-00174936-00175193 I've got my security hat much more on
kE5czGLwLHc-00809-00175194-00175516 firmly than the uh comprehensive how
kE5czGLwLHc-00810-00175517-00175733 does things work so
kE5czGLwLHc-00811-00175734-00175954 it it seems even harder than getting
kE5czGLwLHc-00812-00175955-00176201 good traces and specs is to figure out
kE5czGLwLHc-00813-00176202-00176399 what's security relevant about a
kE5czGLwLHc-00814-00176400-00176609 protocol do you have any tips or tricks
kE5czGLwLHc-00815-00176610-00176747 to share
kE5czGLwLHc-00816-00176748-00177119 um no that is that is one of the huge
kE5czGLwLHc-00817-00177120-00177407 issues that we have is like
kE5czGLwLHc-00818-00177408-00177713 um as much as we want to be security
kE5czGLwLHc-00819-00177714-00177959 focused in our log output to be honest
kE5czGLwLHc-00820-00177960-00178325 even in the OT world most of the
kE5czGLwLHc-00821-00178326-00178552 incursions and stuff still come from the
kE5czGLwLHc-00822-00178553-00178738 I.T side right
kE5czGLwLHc-00823-00178739-00179033 um and so like usually because I mean
kE5czGLwLHc-00824-00179034-00179183 there are cases in which people's OT
kE5czGLwLHc-00825-00179184-00179351 networks are like directly exposed to
kE5czGLwLHc-00826-00179352-00179488 the internet and that's very bad right
kE5czGLwLHc-00827-00179489-00179663 with the capital B we all know that but
kE5czGLwLHc-00828-00179664-00180064 like in most cases when you see uh some
kE5czGLwLHc-00829-00180065-00180299 small water Municipality Water company
kE5czGLwLHc-00830-00180300-00180569 or something that's got like bad cyber
kE5czGLwLHc-00831-00180570-00180809 activity going on to it it's not it's
kE5czGLwLHc-00832-00180810-00181054 not directly into that it's from like
kE5czGLwLHc-00833-00181055-00181283 remote desktop being left on or
kE5czGLwLHc-00834-00181284-00181631 something like that right and so we we'd
kE5czGLwLHc-00835-00181632-00181907 love to have more examples of
kE5czGLwLHc-00836-00181908-00182185 um honestly truly security security
kE5czGLwLHc-00837-00182186-00182537 issues in icspap that we can point to
kE5czGLwLHc-00838-00182538-00182740 and say this is bad stuff
kE5czGLwLHc-00839-00182741-00182873 um there are certain things we can
kE5czGLwLHc-00840-00182874-00183076 certainly look for what you do is you
kE5czGLwLHc-00841-00183077-00183328 look for you know um anomalies in the
kE5czGLwLHc-00842-00183329-00183538 traffic even more than the the content
kE5czGLwLHc-00843-00183539-00183790 of the traffic itself if your Baseline
kE5czGLwLHc-00844-00183791-00183971 is normally you know you've got some
kE5czGLwLHc-00845-00183972-00184223 sensor on the dam that's that's reading
kE5czGLwLHc-00846-00184224-00184409 just all the time reading right we're
kE5czGLwLHc-00847-00184410-00184607 not really changing things but then all
kE5czGLwLHc-00848-00184608-00184852 of a sudden you see a bunch of Rights
kE5czGLwLHc-00849-00184853-00185026 you know or something that's that's
kE5czGLwLHc-00850-00185027-00185333 modifying behavior these are often you
kE5czGLwLHc-00851-00185334-00185549 know these are usually low change
kE5czGLwLHc-00852-00185550-00185704 environments they've been running the
kE5czGLwLHc-00853-00185705-00185890 same year after year decade after
kE5czGLwLHc-00854-00185891-00186161 decades sometimes and so I think anomaly
kE5czGLwLHc-00855-00186162-00186419 detection can be a way for us to take
kE5czGLwLHc-00856-00186420-00186604 functional logs and kind of turn them
kE5czGLwLHc-00857-00186605-00186916 into security information by by looking
kE5czGLwLHc-00858-00186917-00187145 at changes in in those baselines and
kE5czGLwLHc-00859-00187146-00187397 things like that or things like you know
kE5czGLwLHc-00860-00187398-00187583 uploading new firm like you can detect
kE5czGLwLHc-00861-00187584-00187793 hey we uploaded a new firmware binary to
kE5czGLwLHc-00862-00187794-00188051 this PLC or we roll ladder logic to it
kE5czGLwLHc-00863-00188052-00188249 or whatever right and it's like are we
kE5czGLwLHc-00864-00188250-00188416 really doing that is that is that really
kE5czGLwLHc-00865-00188417-00188723 what we're intending to do but thanks
kE5czGLwLHc-00866-00188724-00188878 good question
kE5czGLwLHc-00867-00188879-00189052 hi Seth this is Ashi Sharma from
kE5czGLwLHc-00868-00189053-00189316 Berkeley lab uh I had three things so
kE5czGLwLHc-00869-00189317-00189593 first of all I went this is great work I
kE5czGLwLHc-00870-00189594-00189790 mean you are filling up a void which was
kE5czGLwLHc-00871-00189791-00190126 long felt and actually uh desired for so
kE5czGLwLHc-00872-00190127-00190349 when I went and looked at your GitHub
kE5czGLwLHc-00873-00190350-00190540 repo this this is really good stuff
kE5czGLwLHc-00874-00190541-00190726 actually thank you and the second
kE5czGLwLHc-00875-00190727-00190990 comment was actually about your talk I
kE5czGLwLHc-00876-00190991-00191207 had bunch of questions and I was going
kE5czGLwLHc-00877-00191208-00191447 to interrupt you but every time you go
kE5czGLwLHc-00878-00191448-00191597 to the next slide you are answering
kE5czGLwLHc-00879-00191598-00191897 these questions especially the pcaps and
kE5czGLwLHc-00880-00191898-00192088 especially the design of the logs like
kE5czGLwLHc-00881-00192089-00192340 do you do a over logging interlogging as
kE5czGLwLHc-00882-00192341-00192581 well as the details you can put in so I
kE5czGLwLHc-00883-00192582-00192821 I might bug you for more details about
kE5czGLwLHc-00884-00192822-00193043 certain things and my third thing was
kE5czGLwLHc-00885-00193044-00193276 already asked by smooth so okay well
kE5czGLwLHc-00886-00193277-00193601 great yeah I'm so good at this
kE5czGLwLHc-00887-00193602-00193867 thank you
kEESdppN8ay-00000-00000033-00001491 [Music]
kEESdppN8ay-00001-00001492-00002170 count
kEESdppN8ay-00002-00002171-00002883 [Music]
kEESdppN8ay-00003-00002884-00004031 foreign
kEESdppN8ay-00004-00004032-00006377 [Music]
kEESdppN8ay-00005-00006378-00008094 [Music]
kEESdppN8ay-00006-00008095-00008483 [Music]
kEESdppN8ay-00007-00008484-00011283 foreign
kEESdppN8ay-00008-00011284-00011733 foreign
kEESdppN8ay-00009-00011734-00012539 [Music]
kEESdppN8ay-00010-00012540-00014927 [Music]
kEESdppN8ay-00011-00014928-00015136 you
kFFWbXTBenU-00000-00000149-00000286 [Music]
kFFWbXTBenU-00001-00000287-00000503 another delivery
kFFWbXTBenU-00002-00000504-00000919 yes
kFFWbXTBenU-00003-00000919-00001248 wow barbie's dream house
kFFWbXTBenU-00004-00001249-00001503 [Music]
kFFWbXTBenU-00005-00001504-00001719 quick click and collect
kFFWbXTBenU-00006-00001720-00002191 [Music]
kFFWbXTBenU-00007-00002192-00003182 i got this
kFFWbXTBenU-00008-00003183-00004283 [Music]
kFFWbXTBenU-00009-00004284-00004406 lily
kFFWbXTBenU-00010-00004407-00004711 would you like a bag shop your way in
kFFWbXTBenU-00011-00004712-00005152 store or at smith'stoys.com
kGBNne0wlig-00000-00000003-00000275 hey there hey how you doing so if you
kGBNne0wlig-00001-00000276-00000391 could just give us a little bit of a
kGBNne0wlig-00002-00000392-00000503 description of what we're looking at
kGBNne0wlig-00003-00000504-00000661 that would be great
kGBNne0wlig-00004-00000662-00000824 uh yeah you want to talk to you or the
kGBNne0wlig-00005-00000825-00001127 camera yeah I know the camera okay well
kGBNne0wlig-00006-00001128-00002870 basically I've been brought on to
kGBNne0wlig-00007-00002871-00003107 okay here's the deal we got the mutants
kGBNne0wlig-00008-00003108-00003221 in their costumes but we only have it
kGBNne0wlig-00009-00003222-00003383 for 12 hours not a minute more
kGBNne0wlig-00010-00003384-00003626 hey hey you know what thank you go away
kGBNne0wlig-00011-00003627-00003824 just so you know temperatures will reach
kGBNne0wlig-00012-00003825-00004010 upwards of a hundred and fifteen degrees
kGBNne0wlig-00013-00004011-00004181 inside those costumes so we can start
kGBNne0wlig-00014-00004182-00004403 losing them at any point all right well
kGBNne0wlig-00015-00004404-00004574 I mean are they still gonna be able to
kGBNne0wlig-00016-00004575-00004721 you know do all the jumping and the
kGBNne0wlig-00017-00004722-00004961 fighting and all that if you don't mind
kGBNne0wlig-00018-00004962-00005867 breaking the law to walk we really can't
kGBNne0wlig-00019-00005868-00006399 have another situation like that again
kGBNne0wlig-00020-00006400-00007463 sorry I don't understand good
kGBNne0wlig-00021-00007464-00007658 I'm sorry to understand what you said
kGBNne0wlig-00022-00007659-00007909 you got talent I can see that sir which
kGBNne0wlig-00023-00007911-00008045 one of these sex burgers to find the
kGBNne0wlig-00024-00008045-00008966 sexiest oh yeah has everyone here signed
kGBNne0wlig-00025-00008967-00009182 the non-disclosure agreement here we got
kGBNne0wlig-00026-00009183-00009398 it sign it just so you won't talk about
kGBNne0wlig-00027-00009399-00009662 you know the green red looks great
kGBNne0wlig-00028-00009663-00010258 Karam okay sounds great
kGBNne0wlig-00029-00010259-00010753 I need to hear it again that's fine wait
kGBNne0wlig-00030-00010754-00011335 hey Jason Jason get over here superstar
kGBNne0wlig-00031-00011336-00011537 Marcus you happy with that he looks and
kGBNne0wlig-00032-00011538-00011966 everything great great great all right
kGBNne0wlig-00033-00011967-00012017 buddy
kGBNne0wlig-00034-00012018-00012227 big finale this is it here you ready
kGBNne0wlig-00035-00012228-00012403 yeah all right great real
kGBNne0wlig-00036-00012404-00012667 straightforward basically zip line here
kGBNne0wlig-00037-00012668-00012916 disconnect there run along that and then
kGBNne0wlig-00038-00012917-00013156 leap across this bounce off that land
kGBNne0wlig-00039-00013157-00013403 rail grinds right along here take out
kGBNne0wlig-00040-00013404-00013577 your teddy bear launcher but not before
kGBNne0wlig-00041-00013578-00013813 this point right you see it and then you
kGBNne0wlig-00042-00013815-00014016 flip and then you fire on all the extras
kGBNne0wlig-00043-00014018-00014300 okay yeah I can do that great I'll be
kGBNne0wlig-00044-00014301-00014728 wired up right for some of it
kGBNne0wlig-00045-00014729-00015130 right yeah in the explosions that they
kGBNne0wlig-00046-00015131-00015847 happen in poster or Jason can I talk to
kGBNne0wlig-00047-00015848-00016306 you for a moment you don't have to do
kGBNne0wlig-00048-00016307-00016533 that stop wearing all right I got this
kGBNne0wlig-00049-00016534-00016747 okay guess what he's talking about is
kGBNne0wlig-00050-00016748-00016942 extremely complicated in fact I don't
kGBNne0wlig-00051-00016943-00017200 think it's humanly possible trust me
kGBNne0wlig-00052-00017201-00017497 everything will be fine okay I'm gonna
kGBNne0wlig-00053-00017498-00017731 go bust this out we'll go have dinner my
kGBNne0wlig-00054-00017732-00018055 family
kGBNne0wlig-00055-00018056-00018467 we good yeah we're good right
kGBNne0wlig-00056-00018468-00018897 we're good we're good good we're good
kGBNne0wlig-00057-00018898-00019697 everybody to one
kGBNne0wlig-00058-00019698-00022158 and action
kGBNne0wlig-00059-00022159-00024100 [Music]
kGBNne0wlig-00060-00024101-00025347 [Music]
kGBNne0wlig-00061-00025348-00025706 Sudama game footage
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00000-00000059-00000305 today I will introduce the hot outfit
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00001-00000306-00000551 mode that heats up the weekly disc Nexus
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00002-00000552-00000736 there's sure to be an outfit you'll like
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00003-00000737-00001155 so please watch till the end my friend
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00004-00001156-00001925 [Music]
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00005-00001926-00002152 first of all the Casual yet stylish
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00006-00002153-00002302 outfit watch wing
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00007-00002303-00002573 is an outfit that supports a CBB body
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00008-00002574-00002831 and you can choose to use a 2K or 4K
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00009-00002832-00003118 texture you can choose between black and
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00010-00003119-00003329 blue so choose the color you want and
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00011-00003329-00003545 download it the Creator said that he
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00012-00003546-00003743 made this outfit with inspiration from
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00013-00003744-00004103 Cold War and Modern Warfare 19 outfits
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00014-00004104-00004367 Alpha can be made in camera you'll need
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00015-00004368-00004667 15 liter infecting cloth please refer to
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00016-00004668-00005667 it for making
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00017-00005668-00005806 [Music]
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00018-00005807-00006029 the outfit to be introduced this time is
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00019-00006030-00006238 Monaco outfit from an un ghost in the
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00020-00006239-00006509 show by Norman 43.
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00021-00006509-00006725 fans of Vietnam ghost in the show might
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00022-00006726-00006964 like this outfit however regardless of
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00023-00006965-00007277 that the quality is an excellent outfit
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00024-00007278-00007564 this outfit consists of three parts a
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00025-00007565-00007817 glove a jacket and a set
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00026-00007818-00008056 Port CBB body and you can make this
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00027-00008058-00009324 outfit in camera
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00028-00009325-00009664 a last outfit to introduce is obesity I5
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00029-00009665-00009910 body suit outfit it is a high quality
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00030-00009911-00010133 outfit that supports not only the CBB
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00031-00010134-00010523 body but also high heels the
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00032-00010524-00010823 personally in Fallout 4. I think City
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00033-00010824-00011081 quotas are more suitable for characters
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00034-00011082-00011278 if you want a sexy suit I would
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00035-00011279-00011446 recommend this outfit
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00036-00011447-00011627 this outfit can also be made in
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00037-00011628-00011959 Cambridge
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00038-00011960-00012359 today's outfit introduction video is end
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00039-00012360-00012569 subscription like notification setting
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00040-00012570-00012802 is very helpful for channel growth
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00041-00012803-00012988 thank you so much for watching the video
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00042-00012989-00013465 till the end see you next time
kJ8Qc3fOEL4-00043-00013466-00013784 thank you
kKRgl64WCfu-00000-00000076-00001283 [Music]
kKRgl64WCfu-00001-00001284-00001439 I don't always wear Godric Gryffindor
kKRgl64WCfu-00002-00001440-00001873 'he's enchanted sorting hat and I don't
kKRgl64WCfu-00003-00001875-00002042 usually do interests for my talks
kKRgl64WCfu-00004-00002043-00002339 because the idea is the idea of a bio is
kKRgl64WCfu-00005-00002340-00002467 to get you into the room and all of you
kKRgl64WCfu-00006-00002468-00002762 are already here but this time I'd like
kKRgl64WCfu-00007-00002763-00003170 to hi my name is Caleb as you can see
kKRgl64WCfu-00008-00003171-00003436 this morning I was at 100 or 970
kKRgl64WCfu-00009-00003438-00003584 followers I'd love to hit a thousandth
kKRgl64WCfu-00010-00003585-00003794 and that means that I need to get 30
kKRgl64WCfu-00011-00003795-00004063 people to follow me and there's at least
kKRgl64WCfu-00012-00004064-00004217 30 people in here so I think we can make
kKRgl64WCfu-00013-00004218-00004291 this happen
kKRgl64WCfu-00014-00004292-00004645 so if you like what you hear
kKRgl64WCfu-00015-00004646-00005020 take out your phone and follow me at
kKRgl64WCfu-00016-00005021-00005351 Caleb Thompson also on this slide we
kKRgl64WCfu-00017-00005352-00005516 have Joanne Chang giving a truism a
kKRgl64WCfu-00018-00005517-00005761 little bit of information behind the
kKRgl64WCfu-00019-00005762-00005918 scenes on what it takes to get up on the
kKRgl64WCfu-00020-00005919-00006489 stage mostly not preparing for your talk
kKRgl64WCfu-00021-00006490-00006800 alright that's out of the way this talk
kKRgl64WCfu-00022-00006801-00007034 is not for people who studied computer
kKRgl64WCfu-00023-00007034-00007283 science if you know what Big O notation
kKRgl64WCfu-00024-00007284-00007603 is great sit back hopefully you'll still
kKRgl64WCfu-00025-00007604-00007814 have a good time but I might not be
kKRgl64WCfu-00026-00007815-00008185 teaching you anything this talk is for
kKRgl64WCfu-00027-00008186-00008474 people who call sort and have no idea
kKRgl64WCfu-00028-00008475-00008720 what demons are moving strings around in
kKRgl64WCfu-00029-00008721-00008914 the array but you get it back sorted and
kKRgl64WCfu-00030-00008915-00009134 that's pretty cool you would like to
kKRgl64WCfu-00031-00009135-00009371 look learn a little bit more so let's
kKRgl64WCfu-00032-00009372-00009706 dive in to understand what Ruby or
kKRgl64WCfu-00033-00009707-00010024 Postgres do when you call sort we need
kKRgl64WCfu-00034-00010025-00010214 to talk about algorithms and I know
kKRgl64WCfu-00035-00010215-00010703 algorithms are a bit of a scary word but
kKRgl64WCfu-00036-00010704-00010874 what it comes down to is algorithms are
kKRgl64WCfu-00037-00010875-00011033 just a set of step by step instructions
kKRgl64WCfu-00038-00011034-00011314 i wrestling prefer chocolate chip
kKRgl64WCfu-00039-00011315-00011599 cookies is an algorithm I didn't have to
kKRgl64WCfu-00040-00011600-00011770 understand chemistry or gastronomy when
kKRgl64WCfu-00041-00011771-00012013 I followed the instruction when I
kKRgl64WCfu-00042-00012014-00012155 realized that this was just it was a
kKRgl64WCfu-00043-00012156-00012328 good example I just found a recipe for
kKRgl64WCfu-00044-00012329-00012437 chocolate chip cookies
kKRgl64WCfu-00045-00012438-00012670 and made a batch immediately
kKRgl64WCfu-00046-00012671-00013077 procrastinating on preparing for my talk
kKRgl64WCfu-00047-00013078-00013980 and I ate them all of them before we get
kKRgl64WCfu-00048-00013981-00014121 too far I also want to talk about Big O
kKRgl64WCfu-00049-00014122-00014286 so this is another scary concept
kKRgl64WCfu-00050-00014287-00014436 especially when you see it written out
kKRgl64WCfu-00051-00014437-00014705 next to some algorithm or something and
kKRgl64WCfu-00052-00014706-00014928 you know I usually assume that it's for
kKRgl64WCfu-00053-00014929-00015369 math people and I make websites like DHH
kKRgl64WCfu-00054-00015369-00015578 said we're not computer scientists so
kKRgl64WCfu-00055-00015579-00015897 it's probably not me but what it comes
kKRgl64WCfu-00056-00015897-00016128 down to is Big O is not really that
kKRgl64WCfu-00057-00016129-00016521 scary it's how we answer the question
kKRgl64WCfu-00058-00016522-00016755 how fast is an algorithm and now we can
kKRgl64WCfu-00059-00016756-00016890 take that answer and compare it to other
kKRgl64WCfu-00060-00016891-00017232 algorithms it's based on the assumption
kKRgl64WCfu-00061-00017233-00017499 that the basic operations involved in an
kKRgl64WCfu-00062-00017500-00017676 algorithm will take the same amount of
kKRgl64WCfu-00063-00017677-00017901 time between different algorithms doing
kKRgl64WCfu-00064-00017902-00018147 the same sort of thing so what it does
kKRgl64WCfu-00065-00018148-00018396 is allow us to compare using the number
kKRgl64WCfu-00066-00018397-00018693 of operations as a function of the
kKRgl64WCfu-00067-00018694-00019014 inputs as a instead of actual time taken
kKRgl64WCfu-00068-00019015-00019680 and in running the operation so let's
kKRgl64WCfu-00069-00019681-00020007 take a look at a couple of examples of
kKRgl64WCfu-00070-00020008-00020331 algorithms for cutting out squares from
kKRgl64WCfu-00071-00020332-00020696 paper when I previously gave this talk
kKRgl64WCfu-00072-00020697-00021189 it was pointed out to me that a is a
kKRgl64WCfu-00073-00021190-00021321 little bit small and hard to see so
kKRgl64WCfu-00074-00021322-00021513 naturally the first thing I did was buy
kKRgl64WCfu-00075-00021514-00021864 a giant pair of scissors and a big-ass
kKRgl64WCfu-00076-00021865-00022553 easel and a giant pad of post-it note so
kKRgl64WCfu-00077-00022554-00022722 you can see so hopefully you can see the
kKRgl64WCfu-00078-00022723-00023053 step there's a fly up here
kKRgl64WCfu-00079-00023054-00023481 goodbye fly all right so each time I end
kKRgl64WCfu-00080-00023482-00023672 up with another piece of paper that's
kKRgl64WCfu-00081-00023673-00025899 going to be one operation
kKRgl64WCfu-00083-00029786-00030001 draw these line because I kept on
kKRgl64WCfu-00084-00030002-00030154 getting like really weirdly shaped
kKRgl64WCfu-00085-00030155-00030814 pieces of paper his hat had the scissors
kKRgl64WCfu-00086-00030814-00033759 who came up with this idea
kKRgl64WCfu-00087-00033760-00034066 fun fact this is actually the first time
kKRgl64WCfu-00088-00034067-00036940 I've cut on the board nope hey alright
kKRgl64WCfu-00089-00036941-00037279 so we ended up with 16 squares of paper
kKRgl64WCfu-00090-00037280-00037609 that makes this algorithm an order of N
kKRgl64WCfu-00091-00037610-00037813 squared time or quadratic time I'll go
kKRgl64WCfu-00092-00037814-00038053 on sorry linear time algorithm it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00093-00038054-00038338 right there on the slide and so as you
kKRgl64WCfu-00094-00038339-00038620 can see the the growth is linear goes
kKRgl64WCfu-00095-00038621-00038767 right across the screen if I wanted to
kKRgl64WCfu-00096-00038768-00039001 cut out 32 squares it would take me 31
kKRgl64WCfu-00097-00039002-00039256 cut now that's a different number that's
kKRgl64WCfu-00098-00039257-00039475 not in so n is the number of squares
kKRgl64WCfu-00099-00039476-00039871 that I need and so you know it's 15 and
kKRgl64WCfu-00100-00039872-00040156 not 16 it's 31 not 32 but it doesn't
kKRgl64WCfu-00101-00040157-00040330 matter because Big O is a little bit
kKRgl64WCfu-00102-00040331-00040531 lossy and the growth is linear and
kKRgl64WCfu-00103-00040532-00040726 that's what we're really looking at in
kKRgl64WCfu-00104-00040727-00041092 Big O notation alright so I bet you
kKRgl64WCfu-00105-00041093-00041188 didn't expect this so we're going to
kKRgl64WCfu-00106-00041189-00041413 look at another algorithm for cutting
kKRgl64WCfu-00107-00041414-00041620 out pieces of paper I'm going to take
kKRgl64WCfu-00108-00041621-00041968 off the tack all right this one's a
kKRgl64WCfu-00110-00046591-00046982 all right and we still have sixteen
kKRgl64WCfu-00111-00046983-00047504 pieces of paper if I wanted 32 pieces of
kKRgl64WCfu-00112-00047505-00047630 paper it would take me only one more cut
kKRgl64WCfu-00113-00047631-00047939 five cuts which makes this on the
kKRgl64WCfu-00114-00047940-00048215 logarithmic time or order of log and
kKRgl64WCfu-00115-00048216-00048617 algorithm so much more much more
kKRgl64WCfu-00116-00048618-00048955 performance than the original
kKRgl64WCfu-00117-00048956-00049321 piece-by-piece cutting this is an
kKRgl64WCfu-00118-00049322-00049495 example of a lot of different
kKRgl64WCfu-00119-00049496-00049690 representations that are fairly common
kKRgl64WCfu-00120-00049691-00050357 for Big O down at the bottom in orange
kKRgl64WCfu-00121-00050358-00050621 and yellow yellow is actually behind
kKRgl64WCfu-00122-00050622-00051121 green we have a order of log N and order
kKRgl64WCfu-00123-00051122-00051524 of n time algorithm so you can see that
kKRgl64WCfu-00124-00051525-00052033 there's some very big ones here and the
kKRgl64WCfu-00125-00052034-00052252 the two that we shown we actually looked
kKRgl64WCfu-00126-00052253-00052616 at the graphs already for order of n and
kKRgl64WCfu-00127-00052616-00052865 order of log N and you can see that
kKRgl64WCfu-00128-00052866-00052949 they're a little bit smaller that's
kKRgl64WCfu-00129-00052950-00053063 because I've had to scale down the
kKRgl64WCfu-00130-00053064-00053366 y-axis to ten to one just to show how
kKRgl64WCfu-00131-00053366-00053588 big some of these bigger ones are so N
kKRgl64WCfu-00132-00053589-00053960 squared 2 to the N and in in factorial
kKRgl64WCfu-00133-00053961-00054266 very large if you draw an imaginary line
kKRgl64WCfu-00134-00054266-00054560 diagonally through this chart then what
kKRgl64WCfu-00135-00054561-00054851 you really want to shoot for is the Big
kKRgl64WCfu-00136-00054852-00055030 O notation that are below for a
kKRgl64WCfu-00137-00055032-00055229 performant algorithm rather than ones
kKRgl64WCfu-00138-00055229-00055514 that are above zooming back into one to
kKRgl64WCfu-00139-00055515-00055736 one we can see that there's still a big
kKRgl64WCfu-00140-00055737-00055762 dip
kKRgl64WCfu-00141-00055763-00055978 even between order of in and order of
kKRgl64WCfu-00142-00055979-00056434 login all right so we've gotten throw
kKRgl64WCfu-00143-00056435-00056866 that type of jokes when do you update a
kKRgl64WCfu-00144-00056866-00057862 user record on login if you've
kKRgl64WCfu-00145-00057863-00058225 understood everything so far I'm really
kKRgl64WCfu-00146-00058226-00058509 on it today
kKRgl64WCfu-00147-00058510-00058834 how do you do pug an app we all know
kKRgl64WCfu-00148-00058835-00059401 this guys you start logging what happens
kKRgl64WCfu-00149-00059402-00059529 when you buy something I'd promises the
kKRgl64WCfu-00150-00059530-00059863 last one well obviously you own it this
kKRgl64WCfu-00151-00059864-00060334 is a dumb question all right so we're
kKRgl64WCfu-00152-00060335-00060525 hopefully going to talk about big Omega
kKRgl64WCfu-00153-00060526-00060733 this is going to be a little bit easier
kKRgl64WCfu-00154-00060734-00060874 to understand because it's exactly the
kKRgl64WCfu-00155-00060875-00061216 same as Big O except rather than
kKRgl64WCfu-00156-00061216-00061372 worst-case performance we're talking
kKRgl64WCfu-00157-00061373-00061399 about
kKRgl64WCfu-00158-00061400-00061615 best-case performance which is why it
kKRgl64WCfu-00159-00061616-00061741 has the little tails down at the bottom
kKRgl64WCfu-00160-00061741-00061927 because it's the lower bound for how
kKRgl64WCfu-00161-00061928-00062476 fast an algorithm could be bubble sort
kKRgl64WCfu-00162-00062477-00062776 is a nice and simple algorithm so it's a
kKRgl64WCfu-00163-00062777-00062923 great place to start jumping in and
kKRgl64WCfu-00164-00062924-00063148 explaining sorting algorithm the
kKRgl64WCfu-00165-00063149-00063373 algorithm is this for each pair of
kKRgl64WCfu-00166-00063374-00063741 elements compare them if they're in the
kKRgl64WCfu-00167-00063742-00063982 wrong order swap them then move one over
kKRgl64WCfu-00168-00063983-00064291 and keep going keep doing that until you
kKRgl64WCfu-00169-00064291-00064684 hit the end of the set and then start
kKRgl64WCfu-00170-00064685-00064873 over you don't have to look at the last
kKRgl64WCfu-00171-00064874-00064992 one because the last one is already
kKRgl64WCfu-00172-00064994-00065313 bubbled up to be in the correct position
kKRgl64WCfu-00173-00065314-00065505 so if you can go through an entire
kKRgl64WCfu-00174-00065507-00065737 iteration and no changes are made then
kKRgl64WCfu-00175-00065738-00065854 your set is sorted so we can
kKRgl64WCfu-00176-00065855-00066229 short-circuit that way so my volunteers
kKRgl64WCfu-00177-00066230-00066550 volunteered folks please come over here
kKRgl64WCfu-00178-00066551-00067694 where the papers are
kKRgl64WCfu-00179-00067695-00068265 your pie you want to hear see we run
kKRgl64WCfu-00180-00068266-00069042 volunteered I'm sorry my favorite
kKRgl64WCfu-00181-00069043-00069441 mathematical Khan okay if you can go and
kKRgl64WCfu-00182-00069442-00069624 send the line over there
kKRgl64WCfu-00183-00069625-00070862 with good light in your eyes all right
kKRgl64WCfu-00184-00070863-00071388 so
kKRgl64WCfu-00185-00071389-00072017 have a cheat sheet these are a number
kKRgl64WCfu-00186-00072018-00072146 can everybody read the little text at
kKRgl64WCfu-00187-00072147-00072829 the bottom 5.1 is it out yet pi
kKRgl64WCfu-00188-00072830-00073213 3.14159265 3 5 9 e two point one eight
kKRgl64WCfu-00189-00073214-00073512 two eight one eight two eight four five
kKRgl64WCfu-00190-00073513-00073999 42 life etc 9001 it's over 9000 all
kKRgl64WCfu-00191-00074000-00074544 right so 42 you're over here then 9001
kKRgl64WCfu-00192-00074545-00074892 5.1 PI and E so you just shuffle down
kKRgl64WCfu-00193-00074893-00075205 great we're going to go through the
kKRgl64WCfu-00194-00075206-00075442 bubble sort algorithm we're going to
kKRgl64WCfu-00195-00075443-00076259 start here so the algorithm is we
kKRgl64WCfu-00196-00076260-00076438 compare each number to the number to its
kKRgl64WCfu-00197-00076439-00076472 left
kKRgl64WCfu-00198-00076473-00076766 so 42 is less than nine thousand one so
kKRgl64WCfu-00199-00076767-00077066 it's in the right place no changes the
kKRgl64WCfu-00200-00077067-00077417 hat moves nine thousand one is
kKRgl64WCfu-00201-00077418-00077743 definitely bigger than five point one so
kKRgl64WCfu-00202-00077744-00078061 we're going to swap positions they had
kKRgl64WCfu-00203-00078062-00078167 already moved so we don't need to move
kKRgl64WCfu-00204-00078168-00078374 it again nine thousand one is bigger
kKRgl64WCfu-00205-00078375-00078536 than pi so we're going to swap places
kKRgl64WCfu-00206-00078537-00078929 keep firing nine thousand one greater
kKRgl64WCfu-00207-00078930-00079024 than e so we're going to swap places
kKRgl64WCfu-00208-00079025-00079310 again that's the first iteration pretty
kKRgl64WCfu-00209-00079311-00079576 easy we know that nine thousand one is
kKRgl64WCfu-00210-00079577-00079691 in the right place now because it's been
kKRgl64WCfu-00211-00079692-00080296 bubbled up all the way
kKRgl64WCfu-00212-00080297-00080743 all right back to 42 42 is greater than
kKRgl64WCfu-00213-00080744-00080909 five point one so they're going to swap
kKRgl64WCfu-00214-00080910-00080988 places
kKRgl64WCfu-00215-00080989-00081418 42 greater than pi swap places 42
kKRgl64WCfu-00216-00081419-00081865 greater than e pls swap places all right
kKRgl64WCfu-00217-00081866-00082397 this is pretty easy forget in it okay 42
kKRgl64WCfu-00218-00082398-00082756 and 9001 both in the right place all
kKRgl64WCfu-00219-00082757-00082951 right rails the version we don't have
kKRgl64WCfu-00220-00082952-00083332 yet pretty big so it's going to be
kKRgl64WCfu-00221-00083333-00083443 bigger than PI and we're going to swap
kKRgl64WCfu-00222-00083444-00083678 places and definitely bigger than e so
kKRgl64WCfu-00223-00083679-00084194 we're going to swap places okay
kKRgl64WCfu-00224-00084195-00084467 all the way to the end again and again
kKRgl64WCfu-00225-00084468-00084629 we're not needing to go pass what we've
kKRgl64WCfu-00226-00084630-00084832 already bubbled up so pi is better than
kKRgl64WCfu-00227-00084833-00085115 bigger than e not better just bigger so
kKRgl64WCfu-00228-00085116-00085660 we're going to swap places awesome
kKRgl64WCfu-00229-00085661-00085950 that's the second to last iteration now
kKRgl64WCfu-00230-00085951-00086125 we're going to go through this entire
kKRgl64WCfu-00231-00086126-00086330 set e doesn't have anything to compare
kKRgl64WCfu-00232-00086331-00086476 to so we've made no swaps and we're
kKRgl64WCfu-00233-00086477-00086999 sorted all right Thank You friends
kKRgl64WCfu-00234-00087000-00088004 you may take your seats again go ahead
kKRgl64WCfu-00235-00088005-00088387 and keep the lunch board bubble sort
kKRgl64WCfu-00236-00088388-00088754 works in N squared time for the purposes
kKRgl64WCfu-00237-00088755-00088973 of sorting algorithm in is going to be
kKRgl64WCfu-00238-00088974-00089368 the length of the set so since bubble
kKRgl64WCfu-00239-00089369-00089575 sort of operates in quadratic time that
kKRgl64WCfu-00240-00089576-00089810 means that it we compare each element to
kKRgl64WCfu-00241-00089811-00090046 every other element in the worst case
kKRgl64WCfu-00242-00090047-00090353 even though we have some optimization so
kKRgl64WCfu-00243-00090354-00090487 that you're not actually comparing every
kKRgl64WCfu-00244-00090488-00090641 element every other element like
kKRgl64WCfu-00245-00090642-00090775 skipping the ones that have already been
kKRgl64WCfu-00246-00090776-00091018 bubbled up when we're stating inaudible
kKRgl64WCfu-00247-00091019-00091201 grism complexity we still say N squared
kKRgl64WCfu-00248-00091202-00091357 because again that's the growth it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00249-00091358-00091778 quadratic growth for bubble sort order
kKRgl64WCfu-00250-00091779-00091906 of N squared is also the average case
kKRgl64WCfu-00251-00091907-00092087 complexity such as on a randomized
kKRgl64WCfu-00252-00092088-00092476 direct it has a big Omega or lower bound
kKRgl64WCfu-00253-00092477-00092822 best-case time of n which means that for
kKRgl64WCfu-00254-00092823-00093016 its best-case bubble sort is sorted
kKRgl64WCfu-00255-00093017-00093500 returns a sorted set in linear time so
kKRgl64WCfu-00256-00093501-00094012 if we had instead of instead of 42 9001
kKRgl64WCfu-00257-00094013-00094688 5.1 pi e if we had e PI 5.1 42 9001 then
kKRgl64WCfu-00258-00094689-00094831 we would have just had to go through
kKRgl64WCfu-00259-00094832-00095030 each person once check that they're in
kKRgl64WCfu-00260-00095031-00095129 the right order and then we would have
kKRgl64WCfu-00261-00095130-00095569 been done as we saw before n squared is
kKRgl64WCfu-00262-00095570-00095759 not that great it's this red line here
kKRgl64WCfu-00263-00095760-00096047 and again that's above the imaginary
kKRgl64WCfu-00264-00096048-00096386 line that we wanted to avoid it's bad
kKRgl64WCfu-00265-00096387-00096515 because it means that the number of
kKRgl64WCfu-00266-00096516-00096743 operations taken is much higher which
kKRgl64WCfu-00267-00096744-00096943 generally means more time spent in the
kKRgl64WCfu-00268-00096944-00097268 algorithm we want to be in one of these
kKRgl64WCfu-00269-00097269-00097493 four smaller lines they go of n log n
kKRgl64WCfu-00270-00097494-00097562 they go
kKRgl64WCfu-00271-00097563-00097856 of N or ideally order a vlog in or order
kKRgl64WCfu-00272-00097857-00098120 of one now order of one would only work
kKRgl64WCfu-00273-00098121-00098321 in a perfect world where every set is
kKRgl64WCfu-00274-00098322-00098453 already sorted and so the sorting
kKRgl64WCfu-00275-00098454-00098624 algorithm is returned this sorted set to
kKRgl64WCfu-00276-00098625-00099110 me please it's useful to see a
kKRgl64WCfu-00277-00099111-00099248 visualization of how these algorithms
kKRgl64WCfu-00278-00099249-00099469 work on different types of inputs
kKRgl64WCfu-00279-00099470-00099650 top-tall has this great set of
kKRgl64WCfu-00280-00099651-00099875 visualizations that show a bubble sort
kKRgl64WCfu-00281-00099876-00100189 operating over different types different
kKRgl64WCfu-00282-00100190-00100499 sorted set these can help you sort of
kKRgl64WCfu-00283-00100500-00100727 build an intuition about how bubble sort
kKRgl64WCfu-00284-00100728-00100856 will work on these different types of
kKRgl64WCfu-00285-00100857-00101114 inputs the red arrows here indicate our
kKRgl64WCfu-00286-00101115-00101398 subjects black arrows are sorted and
kKRgl64WCfu-00287-00101399-00101813 gray arrows have yet to be sorted we
kKRgl64WCfu-00288-00101814-00101996 have random nearly sorted reversed and
kKRgl64WCfu-00289-00101997-00102430 few unique sets of input data this takes
kKRgl64WCfu-00290-00102431-00102629 quite a bit nearly sorted finished but
kKRgl64WCfu-00291-00102630-00102749 we're not going to watch the rest of
kKRgl64WCfu-00292-00102750-00102953 these because it takes over a minute and
kKRgl64WCfu-00293-00102954-00103216 I'm on a timer
kKRgl64WCfu-00294-00103217-00103454 insertion sort is another simple sorting
kKRgl64WCfu-00295-00103455-00103748 algorithm it's very efficient at sorting
kKRgl64WCfu-00296-00103749-00103980 nearly sorted sets and very small sets
kKRgl64WCfu-00297-00103981-00104260 insertion sort is called is so called
kKRgl64WCfu-00298-00104261-00104569 because it inserts the sorting the
kKRgl64WCfu-00299-00104570-00104731 subject element into the set of
kKRgl64WCfu-00300-00104732-00104969 previously sorted elements in the
kKRgl64WCfu-00301-00104970-00105136 correct order by comparing it until it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00302-00105138-00105334 greater than one of the visit one of the
kKRgl64WCfu-00303-00105335-00105452 previous elements and inserting right
kKRgl64WCfu-00304-00105453-00105797 after that so the algorithm is this for
kKRgl64WCfu-00305-00105798-00106019 each element consider all elements to
kKRgl64WCfu-00306-00106020-00106096 its left
kKRgl64WCfu-00307-00106097-00106283 continue until you reach one that's
kKRgl64WCfu-00308-00106283-00106510 smaller than the element or you run out
kKRgl64WCfu-00309-00106511-00106775 of elements check against if you found
kKRgl64WCfu-00310-00106776-00107018 anything smaller move the element just
kKRgl64WCfu-00311-00107019-00107161 after that place and shift everything
kKRgl64WCfu-00312-00107163-00107509 else up let's take a look we'll start
kKRgl64WCfu-00313-00107510-00107645 first with this one
kKRgl64WCfu-00314-00107646-00107758 and we're going to compare it to
kKRgl64WCfu-00315-00107759-00108002 everything on its left this is a pretty
kKRgl64WCfu-00316-00108003-00108347 easy step there's nothing to its left so
kKRgl64WCfu-00317-00108348-00108599 we're done now we're going to consider
kKRgl64WCfu-00318-00108600-00108890 the next element it's the red element
kKRgl64WCfu-00319-00108891-00109001 we're comparing two is not bigger than
kKRgl64WCfu-00320-00109002-00109210 the green subject so we're not going to
kKRgl64WCfu-00321-00109211-00109352 move anything here as this subset is
kKRgl64WCfu-00322-00109353-00109631 already sorted on to the next green
kKRgl64WCfu-00323-00109632-00109928 subject we'll compare each of these and
kKRgl64WCfu-00324-00109929-00110386 see that they're both smaller next this
kKRgl64WCfu-00325-00110388-00110579 one's bigger so is this one and this one
kKRgl64WCfu-00326-00110580-00110738 so we're going to move this to the
kKRgl64WCfu-00327-00110739-00110877 beginning
kKRgl64WCfu-00328-00110878-00111118 now the first four elements are in order
kKRgl64WCfu-00329-00111119-00111303 we'll repeat this until the whole set is
kKRgl64WCfu-00330-00111304-00112815 sorted let's speed through that
kKRgl64WCfu-00331-00112816-00113459 I know oh well let's be playing vignette
kKRgl64WCfu-00332-00113460-00114296 from forget it
kKRgl64WCfu-00333-00114297-00114461 presentations never work
kKRgl64WCfu-00334-00114463-00115532 that's another insider tip
kKRgl64WCfu-00335-00115533-00115823 great so now we have a sorted set
kKRgl64WCfu-00336-00115824-00116018 insertion towards the fun one because
kKRgl64WCfu-00337-00116019-00116205 it's one of the simplest sorting
kKRgl64WCfu-00338-00116206-00116519 algorithms to write like bubble sort
kKRgl64WCfu-00339-00116520-00116715 insertion sort operates in quadratic
kKRgl64WCfu-00340-00116716-00117086 time and in for the worst case and in
kKRgl64WCfu-00341-00117088-00117330 quadratic time for the average case also
kKRgl64WCfu-00342-00117331-00117567 like bubble sort insertion sort has a
kKRgl64WCfu-00343-00117568-00117926 best case of N squared time or in time
kKRgl64WCfu-00344-00117927-00118211 because of the inherent loss eNOS of Big
kKRgl64WCfu-00345-00118213-00118449 O notation this ignores that insertion
kKRgl64WCfu-00346-00118450-00118632 sort is almost always faster than bubble
kKRgl64WCfu-00347-00118633-00118872 sort but it's definitely not a fantastic
kKRgl64WCfu-00348-00118873-00119265 way to sort a large set of data it does
kKRgl64WCfu-00349-00119266-00119466 work very well on nearly sorted arrays
kKRgl64WCfu-00350-00119467-00119763 it's already finished here because of
kKRgl64WCfu-00351-00119764-00119940 this insertion sort is sometimes used as
kKRgl64WCfu-00352-00119941-00120138 a finishing step for quicksort which
kKRgl64WCfu-00353-00120139-00120461 we'll look at next here's the benefit
kKRgl64WCfu-00354-00120463-00120633 bubble sort has of returning an already
kKRgl64WCfu-00355-00120633-00120900 sorted set in linear time you can see
kKRgl64WCfu-00356-00120901-00121017 that it's working much better on the
kKRgl64WCfu-00357-00121018-00121259 reversed set and is generally faster
kKRgl64WCfu-00358-00121260-00121428 despite having the same complexity
kKRgl64WCfu-00359-00121429-00121713 representations in bubble sort was again
kKRgl64WCfu-00360-00121714-00121833 though it takes a while so we're not
kKRgl64WCfu-00361-00121833-00122250 going to watch all of this clip starts
kKRgl64WCfu-00362-00122251-00122429 often considered the state-of-the-art in
kKRgl64WCfu-00363-00122430-00122724 comparison sorting algorithms this is
kKRgl64WCfu-00364-00122725-00122981 because the average case complexity for
kKRgl64WCfu-00365-00122982-00123260 a sorting algorithm is very low compared
kKRgl64WCfu-00366-00123261-00123484 to others in the same class of algorithm
kKRgl64WCfu-00367-00123485-00123672 it's a little bit different than
kKRgl64WCfu-00368-00123673-00123894 insertion or bubble sort rather than
kKRgl64WCfu-00369-00123895-00124029 picking something and using it as a
kKRgl64WCfu-00370-00124030-00124235 subject and moving it based on how it
kKRgl64WCfu-00371-00124236-00124452 compares to other elements we're going
kKRgl64WCfu-00372-00124453-00124707 to pick a pivot which is the same thing
kKRgl64WCfu-00373-00124708-00124875 as the subject but it's different it's a
kKRgl64WCfu-00374-00124876-00125043 different word for quicksort and we're
kKRgl64WCfu-00375-00125044-00125172 going to move everything else around it
kKRgl64WCfu-00376-00125173-00125463 based on whether it's larger or smaller
kKRgl64WCfu-00377-00125464-00125660 so if it's larger then it'll go to the
kKRgl64WCfu-00378-00125661-00125796 right if it's smaller it'll go to left
kKRgl64WCfu-00379-00125797-00125964 if it's equal we won't do anything
kKRgl64WCfu-00380-00125965-00126817 they'll stay in the same order
kKRgl64WCfu-00381-00126818-00127100 so quicksort doesn't specify what you
kKRgl64WCfu-00382-00127101-00127349 should use for the pivot but in general
kKRgl64WCfu-00383-00127350-00127514 it makes the most sense to pick either a
kKRgl64WCfu-00384-00127515-00127919 random or the middle element rather than
kKRgl64WCfu-00385-00127920-00128195 the first or last element and we'll get
kKRgl64WCfu-00386-00128196-00128383 into why that is later but let's take a
kKRgl64WCfu-00387-00128384-00128573 look at the actual algorithm so we're
kKRgl64WCfu-00388-00128574-00129005 going to start with 8 8 and we're going
kKRgl64WCfu-00389-00129006-00129140 to compare it to everything on its left
kKRgl64WCfu-00390-00129141-00129266 and right and then we're going to move
kKRgl64WCfu-00391-00129267-00129389 cards around so that they're in the
kKRgl64WCfu-00392-00129390-00129773 right order so 8 is greater than 2 so
kKRgl64WCfu-00393-00129774-00130036 that's in the right order 8 is greater
kKRgl64WCfu-00394-00130038-00130393 than Jack so Jack needs to move over
kKRgl64WCfu-00395-00130394-00130892 beyond where 8 was we'll just shift
kKRgl64WCfu-00396-00130893-00131279 everything down and I'm going to go
kKRgl64WCfu-00397-00131280-00131603 ahead and flip the Jack over and the 2
kKRgl64WCfu-00398-00131604-00131729 over because we've already looked at
kKRgl64WCfu-00399-00131730-00131857 them so we don't need to look anymore
kKRgl64WCfu-00400-00131858-00132155 all right so now I need to compare 8 to
kKRgl64WCfu-00401-00132156-00132383 the Joker but I don't know what Joker's
kKRgl64WCfu-00402-00132384-00132641 are Joker's are wild so what should we
kKRgl64WCfu-00403-00132642-00132793 use for Joker
kKRgl64WCfu-00404-00132794-00133124 pick a number preferably one of these
kKRgl64WCfu-00405-00133125-00134204 numbers 6 6 it is alright so 8 is 6 is
kKRgl64WCfu-00406-00134205-00134273 less than 8
kKRgl64WCfu-00407-00134274-00134462 so the Joker is going to stay where it
kKRgl64WCfu-00408-00134463-00134891 is 6 is also less than 8 so the six is
kKRgl64WCfu-00409-00134892-00135131 going to stay where it is now it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00410-00135132-00135482 important to note that because the Joker
kKRgl64WCfu-00411-00135483-00135773 and the six started Joker here and six
kKRgl64WCfu-00412-00135774-00135899 here they're not going to change that's
kKRgl64WCfu-00413-00135900-00136109 because in quicksort is a stable sorting
kKRgl64WCfu-00414-00136110-00136394 algorithm which means that for values
kKRgl64WCfu-00415-00136395-00136619 that are equal they will stay in the
kKRgl64WCfu-00416-00136620-00137420 initial ordered State all right so we
kKRgl64WCfu-00417-00137421-00137876 have an 8 here 5 is less than 8 so it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00418-00137877-00138143 going to move over and we're going to
kKRgl64WCfu-00419-00138144-00138560 flip it King is greater than 8 so it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00420-00138561-00138845 in the right place aces depending on the
kKRgl64WCfu-00421-00138846-00139034 game aces can be low or high what should
kKRgl64WCfu-00422-00139035-00139307 we is high alright well then it's in the
kKRgl64WCfu-00423-00139308-00139607 right place Queen greater than 8 so it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00424-00139608-00139706 in the right place so we're done with
kKRgl64WCfu-00425-00139707-00140611 all of these well flip them over
kKRgl64WCfu-00426-00140612-00142289 nothing nothing ever works alright 8 I'm
kKRgl64WCfu-00427-00142290-00142727 going to just set it down that's funny
kKRgl64WCfu-00428-00142728-00143036 but it's also because 8 8 is in the
kKRgl64WCfu-00429-00143037-00143156 right place now it's not going to move
kKRgl64WCfu-00430-00143157-00143372 again so we're not going to move it it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00431-00143373-00143579 just going to be out of the way so now
kKRgl64WCfu-00432-00143580-00143741 we're going to start with the lower set
kKRgl64WCfu-00433-00143742-00144176 things that we're lower than 8 and again
kKRgl64WCfu-00434-00144177-00144344 we're going to repeat this process we're
kKRgl64WCfu-00435-00144345-00144572 just going to pick a pivot we're going
kKRgl64WCfu-00436-00144573-00144746 to pick the midpoint rounded down so
kKRgl64WCfu-00437-00144747-00144923 since there's four elements here we're
kKRgl64WCfu-00438-00144924-00145054 going to pick the second element which
kKRgl64WCfu-00439-00145055-00145529 is the Joker Joker again is 6 so 2 is
kKRgl64WCfu-00440-00145530-00145859 less than 6 so it's in the right place 6
kKRgl64WCfu-00441-00145860-00146104 is equal to 6 and so it's not going to
kKRgl64WCfu-00442-00146105-00146576 move and 5 is less than 6 so it'll move
kKRgl64WCfu-00443-00146577-00147026 before the Joker and the Joker goes down
kKRgl64WCfu-00444-00147027-00147152 because the Joker's in the right place
kKRgl64WCfu-00445-00147153-00147374 as well so again we're going to continue
kKRgl64WCfu-00446-00147375-00147683 this process there's only two elements
kKRgl64WCfu-00447-00147684-00147791 here so we're going to pick the first
kKRgl64WCfu-00448-00147792-00148109 one the midpoint round it down 5 is
kKRgl64WCfu-00449-00148110-00148223 greater than 2 so it's in the right
kKRgl64WCfu-00450-00148224-00148754 place and we'd be done with 2 now we're
kKRgl64WCfu-00451-00148755-00148883 going to look at 5 there's nothing to
kKRgl64WCfu-00452-00148884-00149140 compare to so 5 is in the right place
kKRgl64WCfu-00453-00149141-00149468 now we go the things that we're greater
kKRgl64WCfu-00454-00149469-00149762 than the Joker which is just the 6 6 is
kKRgl64WCfu-00455-00149763-00149906 in the right place we're going to leave
kKRgl64WCfu-00456-00149907-00150492 it there
kKRgl64WCfu-00457-00150493-00150735 all right now finally we can we're going
kKRgl64WCfu-00458-00150736-00150840 to look at things that were greater than
kKRgl64WCfu-00459-00150841-00151338 the eight originally this didn't work
kKRgl64WCfu-00460-00151339-00151488 well last time but let's see how it does
kKRgl64WCfu-00461-00151489-00151830 this time okay so we're going to pick
kKRgl64WCfu-00462-00151831-00152025 that king and that king is going to be
kKRgl64WCfu-00463-00152026-00152349 our pivot Joker or jack is less than
kKRgl64WCfu-00464-00152350-00152484 king so it's correct
kKRgl64WCfu-00465-00152485-00152865 ace we chose as high so it's greater
kKRgl64WCfu-00466-00152866-00152967 than king it's always greater than
kKRgl64WCfu-00467-00152968-00153207 everything else and queen is going to be
kKRgl64WCfu-00468-00153208-00153602 less than the king so we'll move it over
kKRgl64WCfu-00469-00153603-00153990 great so the king is done now we're
kKRgl64WCfu-00470-00153991-00154295 going to look at the jack and the queen
kKRgl64WCfu-00471-00154296-00154602 queen is greater than jack so it stays
kKRgl64WCfu-00472-00154603-00154923 where it is and jack is done now we look
kKRgl64WCfu-00473-00154924-00155181 at the Queen nothing to compare to it's
kKRgl64WCfu-00474-00155182-00155250 in the right place
kKRgl64WCfu-00475-00155251-00155436 same for the ace nothing to compare to
kKRgl64WCfu-00476-00155437-00155724 so it's in the right place so now we
kKRgl64WCfu-00477-00155725-00156171 have an ordered set of cards using
kKRgl64WCfu-00478-00156172-00157105 quicksort
kKRgl64WCfu-00479-00157106-00158327 it's ordered great awesome so it took
kKRgl64WCfu-00480-00158328-00158618 forever to do that demo and so you might
kKRgl64WCfu-00481-00158619-00158857 not be surprised so that Big O of
kKRgl64WCfu-00482-00158858-00159230 quicksort is also N squared in the case
kKRgl64WCfu-00483-00159231-00159380 of kooks are however it's very unlikely
kKRgl64WCfu-00484-00159381-00159569 that you would actually hit in squared
kKRgl64WCfu-00485-00159570-00159929 operations to be N squared
kKRgl64WCfu-00486-00159930-00160133 you'd have to always select a pivot that
kKRgl64WCfu-00487-00160134-00160268 was small the smallest or largest
kKRgl64WCfu-00488-00160269-00160706 element in the entire array such that
kKRgl64WCfu-00489-00160707-00160880 the remaining subsets to be quicksort
kKRgl64WCfu-00490-00160881-00161246 order of size n minus 1 and if size 0 to
kKRgl64WCfu-00491-00161247-00161423 illustrate that let's take a look here
kKRgl64WCfu-00492-00161424-00161687 so we pick the midpoint as the pivot
kKRgl64WCfu-00493-00161688-00162119 which is going to be the tallest bar so
kKRgl64WCfu-00494-00162120-00162293 it moves over we've got a set that
kKRgl64WCfu-00495-00162294-00162503 everything except for that pivot so n
kKRgl64WCfu-00496-00162504-00162719 minus 1 and a set that size 0 to
kKRgl64WCfu-00497-00162720-00162998 quicksort if this happened for every
kKRgl64WCfu-00498-00162999-00163232 single operation every single time
kKRgl64WCfu-00499-00163233-00163412 through the algorithm then it would take
kKRgl64WCfu-00500-00163413-00163763 N squared n squared
kKRgl64WCfu-00501-00163764-00164018 operations to complete and this is why
kKRgl64WCfu-00502-00164019-00164279 you don't want to use a the first or
kKRgl64WCfu-00503-00164280-00164447 last element necessarily in quicksort
kKRgl64WCfu-00504-00164448-00164639 because if you handed it a sorted set
kKRgl64WCfu-00505-00164640-00164795 and it takes the first or last element
kKRgl64WCfu-00506-00164796-00164984 then it would always end up quick
kKRgl64WCfu-00507-00164985-00165254 sorting in this case where you've got a
kKRgl64WCfu-00508-00165255-00165455 set of size 0 and a set of size n minus
kKRgl64WCfu-00509-00165456-00165860 1 the magic of quicksort though is that
kKRgl64WCfu-00510-00165861-00166001 the average case complexity is
kKRgl64WCfu-00511-00166002-00166246 linearithmic which is a fancy word for
kKRgl64WCfu-00512-00166247-00166544 in log n time
kKRgl64WCfu-00513-00166545-00166874 so linear time times logarithmic time
kKRgl64WCfu-00514-00166875-00167201 linearithmic the average case here is
kKRgl64WCfu-00515-00167202-00167369 not just intuition like we said for
kKRgl64WCfu-00516-00167370-00167525 bubble sort like it's probably the
kKRgl64WCfu-00517-00167526-00167621 random thing is probably going to be
kKRgl64WCfu-00518-00167622-00167816 taken squared time there's actually
kKRgl64WCfu-00519-00167817-00167984 several mathematical proofs that show
kKRgl64WCfu-00520-00167985-00168263 that quicksort runs in linearithmic time
kKRgl64WCfu-00521-00168264-00168485 but they're over my head and out of
kKRgl64WCfu-00522-00168486-00168923 scope for this talk linear rhythmic or n
kKRgl64WCfu-00523-00168924-00169073 log in performance is also the best case
kKRgl64WCfu-00524-00169074-00169316 for quicksort so while it's all it's not
kKRgl64WCfu-00525-00169317-00169577 always the fastest algorithm and can be
kKRgl64WCfu-00526-00169578-00169748 just as slow as insertion or bubble sort
kKRgl64WCfu-00527-00169749-00170078 with specific types of input data its
kKRgl64WCfu-00528-00170079-00170252 average case is the best case and the
kKRgl64WCfu-00529-00170253-00170329 best case is that
kKRgl64WCfu-00530-00170330-00170553 than just about anything else in a
kKRgl64WCfu-00531-00170554-00170861 comparison sorting algorithm for general
kKRgl64WCfu-00532-00170862-00171020 purposes meaning integers strings
kKRgl64WCfu-00533-00171021-00171397 whatever this is the cream of the crop
kKRgl64WCfu-00534-00171398-00171627 that's that it does have its weaknesses
kKRgl64WCfu-00535-00171628-00171841 you can see here that it does great with
kKRgl64WCfu-00536-00171842-00172019 the reversed set and the nearly sorted
kKRgl64WCfu-00537-00172020-00172213 set and the random set but it's having
kKRgl64WCfu-00538-00172214-00172939 trouble with the few unique set here you
kKRgl64WCfu-00539-00172940-00173077 can see those same visualizations that
kKRgl64WCfu-00540-00173078-00173374 we looked at for each type of algorithm
kKRgl64WCfu-00541-00173375-00173737 all compared together as the different
kKRgl64WCfu-00542-00173738-00173974 algorithms work and finish you can get
kKRgl64WCfu-00543-00173975-00174103 an idea that some of them are better
kKRgl64WCfu-00544-00174104-00174422 suited for specific tasks the random set
kKRgl64WCfu-00545-00174423-00174625 in the first column there does give a
kKRgl64WCfu-00546-00174626-00174778 fair approximation of the average case
kKRgl64WCfu-00547-00174779-00174998 and you can see that quicksort works
kKRgl64WCfu-00548-00174999-00175334 very quickly there it also makes short
kKRgl64WCfu-00549-00175335-00175682 work of the reversed set and which trips
kKRgl64WCfu-00550-00175683-00175852 up a lot of sorting algorithm insertion
kKRgl64WCfu-00551-00175853-00175990 sort works very quickly on the nearly
kKRgl64WCfu-00552-00175991-00176369 sorted set bubble sorts not really good
kKRgl64WCfu-00553-00176370-00176560 at anything
kKRgl64WCfu-00554-00176561-00177223 ehh was right don't use both on the
kKRgl64WCfu-00555-00177224-00177368 other hand is very difficult to beat the
kKRgl64WCfu-00556-00177369-00177509 average case performance for quicksort
kKRgl64WCfu-00557-00177510-00177925 which is why that's what Ruby uses in
kKRgl64WCfu-00558-00177926-00178378 its sort implementation I'd like to
kKRgl64WCfu-00559-00178379-00178612 thank my employer Heroku for supporting
kKRgl64WCfu-00560-00178613-00178793 me in coming to rails compass here you
kKRgl64WCfu-00561-00178794-00178919 may have heard about the new automated
kKRgl64WCfu-00562-00178920-00179140 certificate management offering which
kKRgl64WCfu-00563-00179141-00179282 litt gives you free let's encrypt
kKRgl64WCfu-00564-00179283-00179541 certificates for paid dinos at any tier
kKRgl64WCfu-00565-00179542-00179827 this video shows how easy it is let's
kKRgl64WCfu-00566-00179828-00180245 say order of one complexity you should
kKRgl64WCfu-00567-00180246-00181284 check it out if you haven't yet
kKRgl64WCfu-00568-00181285-00181528 you've seen me speak now but if you're
kKRgl64WCfu-00569-00181529-00181666 interested in hearing from other Haruka
kKRgl64WCfu-00570-00181667-00181867 you're welcome to check out the seeker
kKRgl64WCfu-00571-00181868-00182037 schedule we included in the swag bags
kKRgl64WCfu-00572-00182038-00182263 which has the listing of talks from
kKRgl64WCfu-00573-00182264-00182368 jounin who's next
kKRgl64WCfu-00574-00182369-00182979 Richard Nate's Amy and Stella if you
kKRgl64WCfu-00575-00182980-00183178 have any questions about sorting ACM or
kKRgl64WCfu-00576-00183179-00183409 really anything you're welcome to come
kKRgl64WCfu-00577-00183410-00183568 to the office hours at the Roku booth in
kKRgl64WCfu-00578-00183569-00183715 the exposition hall on Wednesday and
kKRgl64WCfu-00579-00183716-00183954 Thursday where all of our speakers will
kKRgl64WCfu-00580-00183955-00184150 be hanging out for a bit usually right
kKRgl64WCfu-00581-00184151-00184372 after their talks but the exo expo hall
kKRgl64WCfu-00582-00184373-00184604 isn't open today so Jonah and I will be
kKRgl64WCfu-00583-00184605-00185152 later and you can also find me in the
kKRgl64WCfu-00584-00185153-00185344 hall or ask questions on Twitter because
kKRgl64WCfu-00585-00185345-00185653 you're going to follow me remember thank
kKRgl64WCfu-00586-00185654-00185797 you
kKRgl64WCfu-00587-00185798-00186460 [Applause]
kLm80OGWxWA-00000-00000350-00000659 hi there everyone I'm Kelly Blackwell
kLm80OGWxWA-00001-00000660-00000857 co-director for the Michigan assistive
kLm80OGWxWA-00002-00000858-00001283 technology program I have some at that
kLm80OGWxWA-00003-00001284-00001570 actually has many purposes but today I'm
kLm80OGWxWA-00004-00001571-00001823 going to show you how if you are a
kLm80OGWxWA-00005-00001823-00002081 parent with a disability this low-tech
kLm80OGWxWA-00006-00002082-00002357 tool can be used for helpful
kLm80OGWxWA-00007-00002358-00002807 organization when thinking of all of the
kLm80OGWxWA-00008-00002808-00003131 baby clothing that you might have so I
kLm80OGWxWA-00009-00003132-00003353 am a person with a vision impairment and
kLm80OGWxWA-00010-00003354-00003677 when my son was an infant and I had so
kLm80OGWxWA-00011-00003678-00003977 many things to keep track of all those
kLm80OGWxWA-00012-00003978-00004204 onesies and
kLm80OGWxWA-00013-00004205-00004493 different sets that match and all that
kLm80OGWxWA-00014-00004494-00004649 good stuff
kLm80OGWxWA-00015-00004650-00004835 um there are a couple of ways that you
kLm80OGWxWA-00016-00004836-00005111 can keep track of things like that so A
kLm80OGWxWA-00017-00005112-00005279 couple of things that I did that were
kLm80OGWxWA-00018-00005280-00005638 super super helpful for me were I put
kLm80OGWxWA-00019-00005639-00006029 all of one size in a separate drawer so
kLm80OGWxWA-00020-00006030-00006220 for example I have the zero to three
kLm80OGWxWA-00021-00006221-00006472 month clothing in one drawer and then
kLm80OGWxWA-00022-00006473-00006898 three to six and then uh six to nine
kLm80OGWxWA-00023-00006900-00007175 months just as an example another thing
kLm80OGWxWA-00024-00007176-00007463 that you can do so we have available for
kLm80OGWxWA-00025-00007464-00007745 demonstration so that you can give it a
kLm80OGWxWA-00026-00007745-00008081 try are these color mates and
kLm80OGWxWA-00027-00008081-00008273 they're really simple yet really
kLm80OGWxWA-00028-00008274-00008614 effective in helping to organize and
kLm80OGWxWA-00029-00008615-00008807 match things up
kLm80OGWxWA-00030-00008808-00008969 um so think
kLm80OGWxWA-00031-00008970-00009364 uh maybe a onesie with a matching set of
kLm80OGWxWA-00032-00009365-00009641 pants just as an example
kLm80OGWxWA-00033-00009642-00009869 um this is the color mates and they're
kLm80OGWxWA-00034-00009870-00010199 about twelve dollars and it comes in
kLm80OGWxWA-00035-00010200-00010427 almost like a beading box I think of it
kLm80OGWxWA-00036-00010428-00010589 so you
kLm80OGWxWA-00037-00010590-00010649 um
kLm80OGWxWA-00038-00010650-00011063 open up the lid here and it's sectioned
kLm80OGWxWA-00039-00011064-00011273 into
kLm80OGWxWA-00040-00011274-00011428 um having the different shapes and
kLm80OGWxWA-00041-00011429-00011605 things that I'm going to talk about here
kLm80OGWxWA-00042-00011606-00011896 in each compartment
kLm80OGWxWA-00043-00011897-00012245 so as I'm holding these up so one and it
kLm80OGWxWA-00044-00012246-00012599 just uses safety pins with these plastic
kLm80OGWxWA-00045-00012600-00012952 beads if you will so this one is a
kLm80OGWxWA-00046-00012953-00013277 safety pin with a triangular identifier
kLm80OGWxWA-00047-00013278-00013408 on it
kLm80OGWxWA-00048-00013409-00013679 and then this one that I have in my hand
kLm80OGWxWA-00049-00013680-00014088 is a safety pen with a flower petal
kLm80OGWxWA-00050-00014090-00014494 identifier on it so not only does this
kLm80OGWxWA-00051-00014495-00014897 help to safety pin the matching set
kLm80OGWxWA-00052-00014897-00015227 together then maybe I have created a
kLm80OGWxWA-00053-00015228-00015413 system that
kLm80OGWxWA-00054-00015413-00015869 for me who cannot see uh colors that
kLm80OGWxWA-00055-00015869-00016144 maybe the flower petal
kLm80OGWxWA-00056-00016145-00016613 identifier is for all of the green
kLm80OGWxWA-00057-00016614-00016883 clothing just as an example and maybe
kLm80OGWxWA-00058-00016884-00017100 all the Triangular
kLm80OGWxWA-00059-00017101-00017375 identifiers that are safety pinned are
kLm80OGWxWA-00060-00017376-00017633 for the yellow clothing
kLm80OGWxWA-00061-00017634-00018011 um for folks that have limited Mobility
kLm80OGWxWA-00062-00018012-00018335 um fine motor concerns things like that
kLm80OGWxWA-00063-00018336-00018622 this may not be a method for you but
kLm80OGWxWA-00064-00018623-00018821 what's great about our program is that
kLm80OGWxWA-00065-00018822-00019072 you can try it out and see if it works
kLm80OGWxWA-00066-00019073-00019271 for you another thing that I like to
kLm80OGWxWA-00067-00019272-00019480 point out because these are just safety
kLm80OGWxWA-00068-00019481-00019799 pins uh if you
kLm80OGWxWA-00069-00019800-00020255 are up to the the project uh one thing
kLm80OGWxWA-00070-00020256-00020375 that you could do is certainly just
kLm80OGWxWA-00071-00020376-00020627 purchase safety pins and create your own
kLm80OGWxWA-00072-00020628-00020819 system with different beads and things
kLm80OGWxWA-00073-00020820-00021041 of that nature but again this is the
kLm80OGWxWA-00074-00021042-00021263 color mates and it's around twelve
kLm80OGWxWA-00075-00021264-00021620 dollars for the full kit
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00000-00000003-00000250 this is math 142 this is the practice
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00001-00000252-00000455 final question number three we are
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00002-00000456-00000682 supposed to find all six trig functions
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00003-00000683-00000914 exact values for this theta this
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00004-00000915-00001108 rotation and so we know this rotation
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00005-00001109-00001345 terminates at the point 5 negative two
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00006-00001346-00001777 over five down two so that means that if
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00007-00001778-00002048 we think about this triangle our x value
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00008-00002049-00002306 here is five and our Y value here is
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00009-00002307-00002564 negative two so just from that bit of
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00010-00002565-00002758 information alone we know the tangent
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00011-00002759-00003029 already the tangent should be negative
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00012-00003030-00003410 two-fifths Y over X cotangent would be
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00013-00003411-00003668 the reciprocal of that and now all we
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00014-00003669-00003838 need to do is find this radius right
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00015-00003839-00004147 here in order to get sine cosine and
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00016-00004148-00004370 their reciprocals so we use Pythagorean
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00017-00004371-00004636 theorem to get that we know that it'll
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00018-00004637-00004885 be the square root of five squared plus
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00019-00004886-00005351 negative two squared so that would be
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00020-00005352-00005581 the square root of 29 and I can't break
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00021-00005582-00005906 down 29 any more than that so let's
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00022-00005907-00006209 think about sine signs about height so
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00023-00006210-00006472 it's Y over R that height over the
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00024-00006473-00006781 radius so negative 2 over square root of
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00025-00006783-00007234 29 cosine is going to be the width so
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00026-00007236-00007469 that's five over square root of 29 and
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00027-00007470-00007684 now let me get these just written up
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00028-00007686-00007970 here I'm gonna rationalize them so you
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00029-00007970-00008684 know multiply by root 29 over 29 signs
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00030-00008685-00009359 that cosine is this and then cosecant is
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00031-00009360-00009731 simply the reciprocal so negative root
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00032-00009732-00009983 29 over to CKS the reciprocal of cosine
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00033-00009984-00010549 so root 29 over five and there they all
kpA4NJwZ7D4-00034-00010550-00010757 are
kOKV2yVRw1y-00000-00000024-00001807 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00001-00001807-00002110 warning this video contains pop-ups jump
kOKV2yVRw1y-00002-00002111-00002463 scares scary sound effects scary audio
kOKV2yVRw1y-00003-00002464-00002767 scary images graphic content disturbing
kOKV2yVRw1y-00004-00002768-00003055 content and insulting content
kOKV2yVRw1y-00005-00003056-00003311 viewer discretion is advised
kOKV2yVRw1y-00006-00003311-00003519 watch it as your own risk
kOKV2yVRw1y-00007-00003520-00003735 you have been warned
kOKV2yVRw1y-00008-00003736-00003959 oh and one more warning the following
kOKV2yVRw1y-00009-00003960-00004191 video will contain these devil numbers
kOKV2yVRw1y-00010-00004192-00004511 13 and 666
kOKV2yVRw1y-00011-00004512-00004743 if you're unlucky to see these numbers
kOKV2yVRw1y-00012-00004744-00004999 please look away shut your eyes click
kOKV2yVRw1y-00013-00005000-00005222 off the video and stop watching this
kOKV2yVRw1y-00014-00005223-00005343 video
kOKV2yVRw1y-00015-00005344-00006047 thank you all for reading the warnings
kOKV2yVRw1y-00016-00006048-00007567 ashley robinson error alternate ending
kOKV2yVRw1y-00017-00007568-00007806 we interrupt your windows 10 session for
kOKV2yVRw1y-00018-00007808-00008151 an ashley robinson era ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00019-00008152-00008423 was killed by stephanie clinton
kOKV2yVRw1y-00020-00008424-00008687 stephanie clinton put a bomb in ashley
kOKV2yVRw1y-00021-00008688-00009067 robinson's lair the bomb will explode in
kOKV2yVRw1y-00022-00009068-00009431 2048 days please do not turn off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00023-00009432-00009887 windows 10 computer you get 150 chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00024-00009888-00010151 i repeat please do not turn off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00025-00010152-00010451 windows 10 computer because if you do it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00026-00010452-00010806 150 times then you will not like what
kOKV2yVRw1y-00027-00010807-00011187 happens next my last repeat if you do it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00028-00011188-00011542 150 times then you will not like what
kOKV2yVRw1y-00029-00011543-00011967 happens next now i'm off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00030-00011968-00012206 you know what ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00031-00012207-00012367 screw you hard
kOKV2yVRw1y-00032-00012368-00012606 i'm turning off my windows 10 computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00033-00012607-00013166 whenever you like it or not
kOKV2yVRw1y-00034-00013168-00013255 hey
kOKV2yVRw1y-00035-00013256-00013447 i see you turn off your windows 10
kOKV2yVRw1y-00036-00013447-00013766 computer once please do not do it again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00037-00013768-00014119 now the chances are now down to 149.
kOKV2yVRw1y-00038-00014119-00014343 by the way if you do it two more times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00039-00014344-00014571 then i will reduce the timer to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00040-00014572-00015175 1874 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00041-00015176-00015343 second time already
kOKV2yVRw1y-00042-00015344-00015815 really already your chances are now 148.
kOKV2yVRw1y-00043-00015816-00016015 now if you turn off your computer again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00044-00016016-00016243 then i will reduce the timer to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00045-00016244-00016439 1874 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00046-00016440-00017015 so do not turn it off again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00047-00017016-00017335 really third time already now the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00048-00017336-00017499 has been reduced to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00049-00017500-00017694 1874 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00050-00017695-00017943 so here's the deal every three times you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00051-00017944-00018127 turn off your computer the timer will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00052-00018128-00018614 reduce
kOKV2yVRw1y-00053-00018615-00018767 i can't believe you turned off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00054-00018768-00018999 computer four times and if you want to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00055-00019000-00019214 make me happy then please don't turn it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00056-00019215-00019414 off and leave your computer on
kOKV2yVRw1y-00057-00019415-00019727 now you only have 146 chances left to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00058-00019728-00020214 spare
kOKV2yVRw1y-00059-00020215-00020375 did the narrator say you can turn off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00060-00020376-00020583 your windows 10 computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00061-00020584-00020671 no
kOKV2yVRw1y-00062-00020672-00020878 here's what happens if you turn off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00063-00020879-00021086 computer five more times then i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00064-00021087-00021303 change the background to cyan
kOKV2yVRw1y-00065-00021304-00021471 just leave it alone and don't turn it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00066-00021472-00021958 off anymore
kOKV2yVRw1y-00067-00021959-00022214 you're not being fair i said to leave it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00068-00022215-00022286 on
kOKV2yVRw1y-00069-00022287-00022486 please listen to my rules and they won't
kOKV2yVRw1y-00070-00022487-00022703 have any problems okay
kOKV2yVRw1y-00071-00022704-00023011 also the timer has been decreased to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00072-00023012-00023322 1546 weeks i mean 1
kOKV2yVRw1y-00073-00023323-00023519 546 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00074-00023520-00023822 silly me hahaha
kOKV2yVRw1y-00075-00023823-00024071 wait why did you made a mistake when you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00076-00024072-00024214 are incorrect
kOKV2yVRw1y-00077-00024215-00024375 because i can make mistakes and do
kOKV2yVRw1y-00078-00024376-00024663 always wrong and also why would you talk
kOKV2yVRw1y-00079-00024664-00024814 about my mistake
kOKV2yVRw1y-00080-00024815-00025014 that is not allowed it will also count
kOKV2yVRw1y-00081-00025015-00025222 as turning off your computer you lost a
kOKV2yVRw1y-00082-00025223-00025439 chance for talking about my mistake and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00083-00025440-00025639 you got the first action done
kOKV2yVRw1y-00084-00025639-00025831 also if you turn off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00085-00025832-00026006 thrice more then i will change the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00086-00026007-00026558 background to cyan
kOKV2yVRw1y-00087-00026560-00026735 if you turn off your computer one more
kOKV2yVRw1y-00088-00026736-00027018 time then the timer will subtract to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00089-00027019-00027207 1275 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00090-00027208-00027383 and if you want to get your windows 10
kOKV2yVRw1y-00091-00027383-00027658 computer back you have to wait for
kOKV2yVRw1y-00092-00027660-00028102 1546 days or you can also call
kOKV2yVRw1y-00093-00028104-00028270 donate your 911 so you can get your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00094-00028272-00028870 windows 10 computer back
kOKV2yVRw1y-00095-00028872-00029046 now if you turn off your computer once
kOKV2yVRw1y-00096-00029047-00029270 more or do it one more time then i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00097-00029272-00029487 change the background to cyan
kOKV2yVRw1y-00098-00029488-00029702 also when i change the background to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00099-00029704-00029951 cyan then i will be confused and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00100-00029952-00030111 additionally the timer has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00101-00030112-00030283 subtracted to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00102-00030283-00030862 1275 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00103-00030863-00031055 i am now confused because you turned it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00104-00031056-00031207 off 10 times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00105-00031208-00031390 now the background has been changed to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00106-00031391-00031551 cyan because of you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00107-00031552-00031790 so anyways every 10 times you turn it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00108-00031791-00031974 off the background will change in my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00109-00031975-00032183 expression or mode will be angrier and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00110-00032183-00032631 scarier also you have 140 chances left
kOKV2yVRw1y-00111-00032632-00033262 so can you stop it please
kOKV2yVRw1y-00112-00033263-00033462 if you turn it off one more time then
kOKV2yVRw1y-00113-00033463-00033667 the timer will be reduced to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00114-00033668-00033862 1123 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00115-00033863-00034135 now you merely have 139 chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00116-00034136-00034246 remaining
kOKV2yVRw1y-00117-00034247-00034479 better stop now okay
kOKV2yVRw1y-00118-00034480-00034599 sigh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00119-00034600-00034815 i'm sick and tired of turning off my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00120-00034816-00034943 computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00121-00034944-00035087 you know what
kOKV2yVRw1y-00122-00035088-00035287 i'll just block the computer screen to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00123-00035288-00035774 see if it works
kOKV2yVRw1y-00124-00035775-00035895 yes
kOKV2yVRw1y-00125-00035896-00036079 it actually worked
kOKV2yVRw1y-00126-00036080-00036471 now i can
kOKV2yVRw1y-00127-00036472-00036559 wow
kOKV2yVRw1y-00128-00036560-00036839 just wow why did you block me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00129-00036840-00037102 also how in the world did you do that
kOKV2yVRw1y-00130-00037103-00037327 you know that i actually need to see you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00131-00037328-00037502 that also counts as turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00132-00037503-00037623 computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00133-00037624-00037927 plus the chances are going down to 138
kOKV2yVRw1y-00134-00037928-00038179 and the timer has been reduced to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00135-00038180-00038767 1123 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00136-00038768-00038943 why would the computer always turn it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00137-00038944-00039062 off itself
kOKV2yVRw1y-00138-00039063-00039287 by the way if you do that twice more
kOKV2yVRw1y-00139-00039288-00039487 then i'll make the timer collide into
kOKV2yVRw1y-00140-00039488-00040071 1000 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00141-00040072-00040302 okay seriously you need to discontinue
kOKV2yVRw1y-00142-00040303-00040574 turning off your computer also if you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00143-00040575-00040790 turn off your computer once again then i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00144-00040791-00041062 will cut down the timer to 1000 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00145-00041063-00041671 just leave it alone and don't bother me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00146-00041672-00041927 okay if you reach media ethereal barney
kOKV2yVRw1y-00147-00041928-00042327 error master 759's barney era 95.1
kOKV2yVRw1y-00148-00042328-00042527 chance count which means your chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00149-00042528-00042807 get to 130 and the chance creator then
kOKV2yVRw1y-00150-00042808-00042967 i'll be mad at you and the background
kOKV2yVRw1y-00151-00042968-00043271 will change to green and guess what you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00152-00043272-00043479 now have five chances before i will be
kOKV2yVRw1y-00153-00043480-00043767 mad also the timer has been cut down
kOKV2yVRw1y-00154-00043768-00044367 into 1000 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00155-00044368-00044558 i'm getting very irritated right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00156-00044559-00044758 because you would not listen to me 16
kOKV2yVRw1y-00157-00044759-00044855 times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00158-00044856-00045079 incidentally you have two chances before
kOKV2yVRw1y-00159-00045080-00045439 the timer gets shortened into 914 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00160-00045440-00045671 now listen carefully if you do a quadric
kOKV2yVRw1y-00161-00045672-00045895 more or do it four more times then the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00162-00045896-00046079 background will change to green and i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00163-00046080-00046271 will be mad at you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00164-00046272-00046486 then i will type the secret command on
kOKV2yVRw1y-00165-00046487-00047430 your air to see how you like it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00166-00047431-00047551 yes
kOKV2yVRw1y-00167-00047552-00047758 the error has been shut down
kOKV2yVRw1y-00168-00047759-00047943 you try to type the secret command to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00169-00047944-00048158 shut it down my error huh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00170-00048159-00048358 well i have disabled the secret command
kOKV2yVRw1y-00171-00048359-00048551 so you will never escape from the error
kOKV2yVRw1y-00172-00048552-00048846 ever also that also counts as turning
kOKV2yVRw1y-00173-00048847-00049135 off your computer and guess what you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00174-00049136-00049527 have only 133 chances left so stop it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00175-00049528-00050118 and i really mean it okay
kOKV2yVRw1y-00176-00050119-00050399 now the timer has been shortened to 914
kOKV2yVRw1y-00177-00050400-00050599 days and if you keep on doing these
kOKV2yVRw1y-00178-00050600-00050799 shenanigans then you're gonna make me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00179-00050800-00050895 madder
kOKV2yVRw1y-00180-00050896-00051118 so please keep your hands off the power
kOKV2yVRw1y-00181-00051119-00051719 button from your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00182-00051720-00051911 all right if you turn off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00183-00051912-00052094 one more time then i will change the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00184-00052095-00052279 background to green and i will be mad at
kOKV2yVRw1y-00185-00052279-00052494 you if you don't want to make me mad
kOKV2yVRw1y-00186-00052495-00052654 then please stop turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00187-00052655-00053375 computer so don't let that happen again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00188-00053376-00053630 yep that's right i'm now mad at you and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00189-00053632-00053807 the background is now green because you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00190-00053808-00054007 turned it off 20 times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00191-00054008-00054335 now the chances are now going down 130.
kOKV2yVRw1y-00192-00054336-00054575 also if you turn it off one more time
kOKV2yVRw1y-00193-00054576-00054823 then the timer will be reduced to 850
kOKV2yVRw1y-00194-00054824-00055319 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00195-00055320-00055454 why are you still turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00196-00055455-00055607 computer anyway
kOKV2yVRw1y-00197-00055608-00055950 the chances are now going down to 129
kOKV2yVRw1y-00198-00055951-00056142 and if you waste all of those chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00199-00056144-00056287 then you will be forced to enter the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00200-00056288-00056559 code so please quit those turn offs
kOKV2yVRw1y-00201-00056560-00056838 already and i mean it therefore the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00202-00056839-00057559 timer has been reduced to 850 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00203-00057560-00057830 did you just turn it off 22 times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00204-00057832-00057919 no
kOKV2yVRw1y-00205-00057920-00058030 just no
kOKV2yVRw1y-00206-00058032-00058399 you only have 128 chances left remaining
kOKV2yVRw1y-00207-00058400-00058766 just stop this nonsense immediately
kOKV2yVRw1y-00208-00058767-00058863 ugh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00209-00058864-00059566 who cares i'm turning it off again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00210-00059567-00059663 really
kOKV2yVRw1y-00211-00059664-00059903 just really you're starting to make me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00212-00059904-00060135 even madder now the chances are now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00213-00060136-00060282 going down to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00214-00060283-00060542 127. and if you turn it off one more
kOKV2yVRw1y-00215-00060544-00060838 time then the timer will reduce to 798
kOKV2yVRw1y-00216-00060839-00060926 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00217-00060927-00061215 now stop bothering me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00218-00061216-00061399 i know what i'll do
kOKV2yVRw1y-00219-00061400-00061766 i will use my phone to pass the time
kOKV2yVRw1y-00220-00061767-00062015 hey ashley i came here to give you some
kOKV2yVRw1y-00221-00062016-00062311 candy yee contee thanks vic sitter
kOKV2yVRw1y-00222-00062312-00062663 you're welcome
kOKV2yVRw1y-00223-00062664-00062903 hey david what up give me your dang
kOKV2yVRw1y-00224-00062904-00063191 candy now what did you mean did i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00225-00063191-00063415 freaking stutter i said give me your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00226-00063416-00063511 candy
kOKV2yVRw1y-00227-00063512-00063799 stupid baby and that is why i grounded
kOKV2yVRw1y-00228-00063800-00064071 divine more than what the heck
kOKV2yVRw1y-00229-00064072-00064399 ashley why are you crying please stop
kOKV2yVRw1y-00230-00064400-00064630 crying and tell me and where is the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00231-00064632-00064871 candy that i gave you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00232-00064872-00064959 hey
kOKV2yVRw1y-00233-00064960-00065159 i forgot to tell you this i think you're
kOKV2yVRw1y-00234-00065160-00065350 not allowed to use your phone while an
kOKV2yVRw1y-00235-00065351-00065623 ashley robinson error is active
kOKV2yVRw1y-00236-00065624-00065831 sorry about that but please don't
kOKV2yVRw1y-00237-00065832-00066047 continuously turn off your windows 10
kOKV2yVRw1y-00238-00066048-00066350 computer also the timer has been reduced
kOKV2yVRw1y-00239-00066351-00066967 to 798 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00240-00066968-00067182 okay you really need to stop this right
kOKV2yVRw1y-00241-00067183-00067423 now you always get me ticked off as heck
kOKV2yVRw1y-00242-00067424-00067519 right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00243-00067520-00067863 also you currently have 125 chances to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00244-00067864-00067959 spare
kOKV2yVRw1y-00245-00067960-00068671 so can you please stop it thank you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00246-00068672-00068887 stop it right now or else i will become
kOKV2yVRw1y-00247-00068888-00069143 even madder and angrier another chance
kOKV2yVRw1y-00248-00069144-00069447 reduction has occurred and it is now 124
kOKV2yVRw1y-00249-00069448-00069559 chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00250-00069560-00069775 also if you turn off your computer one
kOKV2yVRw1y-00251-00069776-00070011 more time then i will drop the timer to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00252-00070012-00070567 741 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00253-00070568-00070838 okay seriously you need to stop even
kOKV2yVRw1y-00254-00070839-00071071 though there is no way you can stop me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00255-00071072-00071247 now if you stop turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00256-00071248-00071447 computer then i will be responsible for
kOKV2yVRw1y-00257-00071448-00071567 your actions
kOKV2yVRw1y-00258-00071568-00071911 also the timer has been sliced to 741
kOKV2yVRw1y-00259-00071912-00072071 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00260-00072072-00072335 you know what ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00261-00072336-00072550 i will change the error language to pig
kOKV2yVRw1y-00262-00072551-00072662 latin
kOKV2yVRw1y-00263-00072663-00072855 that will be funny
kOKV2yVRw1y-00264-00072856-00074094 erie
kOKV2yVRw1y-00265-00074095-00074671 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-00266-00074672-00074919 there i changed the error language back
kOKV2yVRw1y-00267-00074920-00075206 to english and also changing the error
kOKV2yVRw1y-00268-00075207-00075431 language to pid latin will also count as
kOKV2yVRw1y-00269-00075432-00075623 a turn-off qualification
kOKV2yVRw1y-00270-00075624-00075838 now listen cautiously if you turn off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00271-00075839-00076047 your computer two more times then i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00272-00076048-00076223 change the background to yellow and i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00273-00076224-00076767 will be angry at you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00274-00076768-00077111 you know what knavery that is so it this
kOKV2yVRw1y-00275-00077112-00077311 is your last chance before i will change
kOKV2yVRw1y-00276-00077312-00077543 the background yellow i will be angry at
kOKV2yVRw1y-00277-00077544-00077750 you with my teeth and my voice will be
kOKV2yVRw1y-00278-00077751-00077950 changed to allison because i'm fed up
kOKV2yVRw1y-00279-00077951-00078199 with you and this is your last warning
kOKV2yVRw1y-00280-00078200-00078606 so please quit those turn offs right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00281-00078607-00079038 don't let that happen again and i'm very
kOKV2yVRw1y-00282-00079039-00079271 serious
kOKV2yVRw1y-00283-00079272-00079526 okay you asked for it but please don't
kOKV2yVRw1y-00284-00079527-00080367 say i didn't warn you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00285-00080368-00080479 great
kOKV2yVRw1y-00286-00080480-00080750 just great i am now angry at you in the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00287-00080751-00081015 background has been changed to yellow
kOKV2yVRw1y-00288-00081016-00081311 the timer has been broken down to 707
kOKV2yVRw1y-00289-00081312-00081606 days and you now only have 120 chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00290-00081607-00081871 remaining by the way if you turn off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00291-00081872-00082094 your computer 10 more times then i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00292-00082095-00082279 change the background to orange and i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00293-00082280-00082575 will be furious to do also my voice has
kOKV2yVRw1y-00294-00082576-00082791 been changed to allison because i'm fed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00295-00082792-00083559 up with you so can you stop it please
kOKV2yVRw1y-00296-00083560-00083862 oh my god makery now that's the 31st
kOKV2yVRw1y-00297-00083863-00084055 time you turned your windows 10 session
kOKV2yVRw1y-00298-00084056-00084135 off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00299-00084136-00084391 also if you do that two more times then
kOKV2yVRw1y-00300-00084392-00085062 the timer will reduce even further
kOKV2yVRw1y-00301-00085063-00085247 you are starting to kick me off even
kOKV2yVRw1y-00302-00085248-00085631 further you have 118 chances left and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00303-00085632-00085806 don't waste them this time
kOKV2yVRw1y-00304-00085807-00086023 and if you continue this nonsense then
kOKV2yVRw1y-00305-00086024-00086182 you will be punished severely and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00306-00086183-00086815 brutally understand
kOKV2yVRw1y-00307-00086816-00087111 you turn the thing off 33 times now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00308-00087112-00087294 this means that the timer has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00309-00087295-00087403 reduced to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00310-00087404-00087718 666 days aka the number of the beast
kOKV2yVRw1y-00311-00087719-00087862 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00312-00087863-00088199 oh my freaking goodness ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00313-00088200-00088415 that number of days on the timer is very
kOKV2yVRw1y-00314-00088416-00088567 unsuitable
kOKV2yVRw1y-00315-00088568-00088718 that does it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00316-00088719-00089206 time to bruise you black and red
kOKV2yVRw1y-00317-00089207-00089911 oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00318-00089912-00090118 punching me also counts as turning off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00319-00090119-00090359 your computer and you also said that the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00320-00090360-00090518 number of the beast or the number of
kOKV2yVRw1y-00321-00090519-00090726 days is very unsuitable
kOKV2yVRw1y-00322-00090727-00090959 well if you say that to me again then i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00323-00090960-00091191 will take away another chance from you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00324-00091192-00091479 and speaking of which you have only 27
kOKV2yVRw1y-00325-00091480-00091694 chances left before i turn into my evil
kOKV2yVRw1y-00326-00091695-00091959 mode and seven more chances left until i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00327-00091960-00092135 change the background to orange and i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00328-00092136-00092718 will be furious at you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00329-00092719-00092999 we interrupt your ashley robinson era
kOKV2yVRw1y-00330-00093000-00093462 for a coach era because i don't care
kOKV2yVRw1y-00331-00093463-00093687 clutch what are you doing here you are
kOKV2yVRw1y-00332-00093688-00093887 not allowed to be in here and you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00333-00093888-00094126 shouldn't be here on my error now get
kOKV2yVRw1y-00334-00094127-00094271 out
kOKV2yVRw1y-00335-00094272-00094623 oh my god makery how dare you interrupt
kOKV2yVRw1y-00336-00094624-00094847 my error with a clutch error was a joke
kOKV2yVRw1y-00337-00094848-00095071 huh you know that clutch is not allowed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00338-00095072-00095231 in here and it will also counts as
kOKV2yVRw1y-00339-00095232-00095487 another turn off capability and since
kOKV2yVRw1y-00340-00095488-00095679 you did that after turning it off i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00341-00095680-00095879 changed my error back to normal and you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00342-00095880-00096126 lost two chances because of this
kOKV2yVRw1y-00343-00096127-00096350 even though i light loco reco
kOKV2yVRw1y-00344-00096351-00096599 now listen up you ignorant idiot you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00345-00096600-00096847 only have four more chances left until i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00346-00096848-00097023 change the background to orange and i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00347-00097024-00097271 will be furious at you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00348-00097272-00097543 oh my god you ignorant idiot
kOKV2yVRw1y-00349-00097544-00097750 that doesn't even count as a dang turn
kOKV2yVRw1y-00350-00097751-00097926 off and i don't even care if you're
kOKV2yVRw1y-00351-00097927-00098174 going to be mad at me or not
kOKV2yVRw1y-00352-00098175-00098423 really are you absolutely kidding me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00353-00098424-00098567 right the heck now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00354-00098568-00098759 did you just call me an ignorant idea
kOKV2yVRw1y-00355-00098760-00098838 back
kOKV2yVRw1y-00356-00098839-00099071 that also counts as you guessed it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00357-00099072-00099294 another goddamn turn off skill
kOKV2yVRw1y-00358-00099295-00099638 also at the 114th chance the timer has
kOKV2yVRw1y-00359-00099639-00100015 been minimized to 612 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00360-00100016-00100118 ugh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00361-00100119-00100262 screw this
kOKV2yVRw1y-00362-00100263-00100862 i'm turning my computer off again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00363-00100863-00101055 all right this is it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00364-00101056-00101231 this is your second to last chance
kOKV2yVRw1y-00365-00101232-00101431 before i will be furious at you the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00366-00101432-00101638 background will be orange and the font
kOKV2yVRw1y-00367-00101639-00102231 will be replaced to moderate
kOKV2yVRw1y-00368-00102232-00102575 well what do you know 39 turn offs in 14
kOKV2yVRw1y-00369-00102576-00102702 minutes flat
kOKV2yVRw1y-00370-00102703-00102966 how crazy is that you seriously need to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00371-00102967-00103190 stop these shenanigans right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00372-00103191-00103423 also if you turn off your pc one more
kOKV2yVRw1y-00373-00103424-00103623 time then i will change the background
kOKV2yVRw1y-00374-00103624-00103854 to yellow i will be furious at you and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00375-00103855-00104102 the font will be replaced to moderate
kOKV2yVRw1y-00376-00104103-00104342 and also the timer has been chopped down
kOKV2yVRw1y-00377-00104343-00104751 to 528 days and you currently have 111
kOKV2yVRw1y-00378-00104752-00105071 chances left to spare
kOKV2yVRw1y-00379-00105072-00105366 that's it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00380-00105367-00105654 yep that is so freaking right i'm now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00381-00105655-00105863 furious at you the background has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00382-00105864-00106095 replaced orange and the fonts have been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00383-00106096-00106286 changed to mono round since you turned
kOKV2yVRw1y-00384-00106288-00106566 off your computer 40 times in a row now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00385-00106567-00106743 you are making me pissed off even
kOKV2yVRw1y-00386-00106744-00107015 further also when the background was
kOKV2yVRw1y-00387-00107016-00107215 greening i forgot to tell you about this
kOKV2yVRw1y-00388-00107216-00107471 on part three ug media ethereal barney
kOKV2yVRw1y-00389-00107472-00107602 error master
kOKV2yVRw1y-00390-00107603-00108054 759's barney error 95.1 chance count
kOKV2yVRw1y-00391-00108055-00108302 meaning that your chances are 130 but
kOKV2yVRw1y-00392-00108303-00108527 they are now 110
kOKV2yVRw1y-00393-00108528-00108734 so please stop this nonsense right
kOKV2yVRw1y-00394-00108735-00109215 immediately
kOKV2yVRw1y-00395-00109216-00109358 why are you still turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00396-00109359-00109551 computer repeatedly even though i told
kOKV2yVRw1y-00397-00109552-00109775 you you are not supposed to do that you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00398-00109776-00109943 realize that you lose your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00399-00109944-00110175 after you waste all of your chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00400-00110176-00110423 am i correct
kOKV2yVRw1y-00401-00110424-00110758 well i guess not
kOKV2yVRw1y-00402-00110759-00111047 oh my freaking lord
kOKV2yVRw1y-00403-00111048-00111310 seriously you better stop it look at
kOKV2yVRw1y-00404-00111311-00111399 this
kOKV2yVRw1y-00405-00111400-00111727 the timer has been retrenched to 477
kOKV2yVRw1y-00406-00111728-00111951 days which is star hemdail enchanted
kOKV2yVRw1y-00407-00111952-00112215 vegas v and editor 470
kOKV2yVRw1y-00408-00112216-00112310 number
kOKV2yVRw1y-00409-00112311-00112583 now stop it stop it stop it stop it stop
kOKV2yVRw1y-00410-00112583-00112839 it stop it stop it stop it stop it stop
kOKV2yVRw1y-00411-00112840-00112966 it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00412-00112967-00113166 i will change the amount of chances to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00413-00113167-00113766 1000 to see if it works or not
kOKV2yVRw1y-00414-00113767-00113871 hey
kOKV2yVRw1y-00415-00113872-00114063 you are unable to change the amount of
kOKV2yVRw1y-00416-00114064-00114263 chances to 1000
kOKV2yVRw1y-00417-00114264-00114543 that also counts as a turn off velocity
kOKV2yVRw1y-00418-00114544-00114831 now you only have 107 chances left to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00419-00114832-00114927 waste
kOKV2yVRw1y-00420-00114928-00115127 so please quit those shenanigans and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00421-00115128-00115286 leave your computer on the loan right
kOKV2yVRw1y-00422-00115288-00115823 freaking immediately
kOKV2yVRw1y-00423-00115824-00116023 wow just wow
kOKV2yVRw1y-00424-00116024-00116254 incredible now you are making me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00425-00116255-00116519 extremely mad and i am sick of you now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00426-00116520-00116863 you currently have 106 chances remaining
kOKV2yVRw1y-00427-00116864-00117110 also if you turn it off one more time
kOKV2yVRw1y-00428-00117111-00117871 then i will cut the timer to 420 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00429-00117872-00118071 did i ask you to turn off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00430-00118072-00118327 and get your windows 10 session back
kOKV2yVRw1y-00431-00118328-00118423 no
kOKV2yVRw1y-00432-00118424-00118647 you are still not listening to me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00433-00118648-00118975 also the timer has been shrunk to 420
kOKV2yVRw1y-00434-00118976-00119271 days which is my favorite number
kOKV2yVRw1y-00435-00119272-00119527 you know the hell what ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00436-00119528-00119743 i'm sick and tired of your immature
kOKV2yVRw1y-00437-00119744-00119863 behavior
kOKV2yVRw1y-00438-00119864-00120102 as for the punishment i will kick you in
kOKV2yVRw1y-00439-00120103-00120614 the crotch to see how you like it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00440-00120615-00120790 ouch oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00441-00120791-00120943 that hurts so much
kOKV2yVRw1y-00442-00120944-00121233 never do it again you stupid idiot oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00443-00121234-00121519 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00444-00121520-00121695 i don't even care about you getting
kOKV2yVRw1y-00445-00121696-00121883 crotch kicked
kOKV2yVRw1y-00446-00121883-00122119 sheesh shush the sheesh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00447-00122120-00122343 anyways kicking me in the crotch will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00448-00122344-00122599 also count as turning off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00449-00122600-00122831 also never kick me in the crotch again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00450-00122832-00123039 or else i will take away two chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00451-00123040-00123278 from you and therefore the chances are
kOKV2yVRw1y-00452-00123279-00123502 reduced to 104
kOKV2yVRw1y-00453-00123503-00124119 so stop ignoring me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00454-00124120-00124358 stop turning it off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00455-00124359-00124543 do you hear me what i've said
kOKV2yVRw1y-00456-00124544-00124766 you are starting to make me super duper
kOKV2yVRw1y-00457-00124767-00124863 angry
kOKV2yVRw1y-00458-00124864-00125199 now you only have 103 chances remaining
kOKV2yVRw1y-00459-00125200-00125447 plus if you turn it off one more time
kOKV2yVRw1y-00460-00125448-00126271 then i will reduce the timer to 381 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00461-00126272-00126510 well guess the heck what if you turn off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00462-00126511-00126727 your stupid computer two more times or
kOKV2yVRw1y-00463-00126728-00126951 do it twice more then i will be enraged
kOKV2yVRw1y-00464-00126952-00127183 at you my voice will be changed to kayla
kOKV2yVRw1y-00465-00127183-00127390 because i'm freaking fed up with you and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00466-00127391-00127654 the background will be modified to red
kOKV2yVRw1y-00467-00127655-00127914 also the timer has been subtracted to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00468-00127915-00128119 381 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00469-00128120-00128463 so you better stop it right this instant
kOKV2yVRw1y-00470-00128464-00128766 oh my freaking guy robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00471-00128767-00129031 how dare you take away my computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00472-00129032-00129151 that's it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00473-00129152-00129366 you are grounded for life
kOKV2yVRw1y-00474-00129367-00129671 give me back my session right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00475-00129672-00129919 absolutely not i will not give you your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00476-00129920-00130127 session back unless you have to listen
kOKV2yVRw1y-00477-00130128-00130439 to me and also grounding me also counts
kOKV2yVRw1y-00478-00130440-00130575 as turning off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00479-00130576-00130775 qualification and grounded threats will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00480-00130776-00130951 never work at all because it's getting
kOKV2yVRw1y-00481-00130952-00131223 too old and overused right nowadays and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00482-00131224-00131383 you're not my mom
kOKV2yVRw1y-00483-00131384-00131614 now listen carefully and meticulously if
kOKV2yVRw1y-00484-00131615-00131814 you turn off your computer for the last
kOKV2yVRw1y-00485-00131815-00132014 time then i will change the background
kOKV2yVRw1y-00486-00132015-00132263 to red i will be enraged at you my voice
kOKV2yVRw1y-00487-00132264-00132463 will be changed to kayla and the fonts
kOKV2yVRw1y-00488-00132464-00132695 will change to be house93
kOKV2yVRw1y-00489-00132696-00133207 so you better not to do it right now or
kOKV2yVRw1y-00490-00133208-00133566 else and i'm serious
kOKV2yVRw1y-00491-00133567-00133775 all right you're so freaking asked for
kOKV2yVRw1y-00492-00133776-00134783 it makery
kOKV2yVRw1y-00493-00134784-00135047 that is so freaking absolutely bright i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00494-00135048-00135199 am now enraged with you and the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00495-00135200-00135439 background has been changed to red i am
kOKV2yVRw1y-00496-00135440-00135607 so mad at you for turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00497-00135608-00135943 windows 10 computer 50 times now you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00498-00135944-00136263 only have 100 chances left and now the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00499-00136264-00136590 font has changed to perhaps 93. and yes
kOKV2yVRw1y-00500-00136591-00136831 the head what my voice has been changed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00501-00136832-00136999 to kayla and my losers have been changed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00502-00137000-00137199 to red because i'm freaking fed up with
kOKV2yVRw1y-00503-00137200-00137790 your nonsensical behavior
kOKV2yVRw1y-00504-00137791-00138078 come on now that is the 31st time that
kOKV2yVRw1y-00505-00138079-00138359 you turned your computer off the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00506-00138360-00138678 is now reduced to 321 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00507-00138679-00138902 i'm going to change the error title to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00508-00138903-00139647 ashley robinson as a cry baby
kOKV2yVRw1y-00509-00139648-00139887 you have got to be kidding me how dare
kOKV2yVRw1y-00510-00139888-00140095 you change the error title to ashley
kOKV2yVRw1y-00511-00140096-00140359 robinson is a crazy you know that i am
kOKV2yVRw1y-00512-00140360-00140566 not a crazy and it also counts as
kOKV2yVRw1y-00513-00140567-00140895 turning off your pc also if you turn off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00514-00140896-00141190 your pc at more times then i will be in
kOKV2yVRw1y-00515-00141191-00141335 evil mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00516-00141336-00141535 evil mode huh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00517-00141536-00141807 well then i guess i have to turn off my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00518-00141808-00142439 computer eight more times and find out
kOKV2yVRw1y-00519-00142440-00142631 this has gone too far
kOKV2yVRw1y-00520-00142632-00142951 you now have 97 chances left and seven
kOKV2yVRw1y-00521-00142952-00143271 good chances away from my evil mode now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00522-00143272-00143478 if you stop turning off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00523-00143479-00143719 then i will be happy but you are still
kOKV2yVRw1y-00524-00143720-00143943 lagging about it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00525-00143944-00144343 well i'm not happy with you then
kOKV2yVRw1y-00526-00144344-00144631 are you freaking serious right now 54
kOKV2yVRw1y-00527-00144632-00144919 turnoffs already stop this at once
kOKV2yVRw1y-00528-00144920-00145254 before things go anywhere also the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00529-00145255-00145502 has been dropped to 276
kOKV2yVRw1y-00530-00145503-00146095 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00531-00146096-00146390 look at me right now i am so super duper
kOKV2yVRw1y-00532-00146391-00146607 extremely to the head off with you right
kOKV2yVRw1y-00533-00146608-00146878 now and guess what you have five good
kOKV2yVRw1y-00534-00146879-00147119 chances into legal mode you don't want
kOKV2yVRw1y-00535-00147120-00147302 the evil not to happen
kOKV2yVRw1y-00536-00147303-00147487 to you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00537-00147488-00147743 hey ashley robinson i have something to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00538-00147744-00147887 give you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00539-00147888-00148190 okay mavery what is it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00540-00148191-00148305 this
kOKV2yVRw1y-00541-00148306-00148735 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00542-00148736-00148839 hey
kOKV2yVRw1y-00543-00148840-00149039 how did you send me a note saying that
kOKV2yVRw1y-00544-00149040-00149166 i'm a crazy
kOKV2yVRw1y-00545-00149167-00149439 and how dare you block me again you know
kOKV2yVRw1y-00546-00149440-00149623 that is not very nice and i actually
kOKV2yVRw1y-00547-00149624-00149863 need to see you that also counts as
kOKV2yVRw1y-00548-00149864-00150111 turning off your computer facility
kOKV2yVRw1y-00549-00150112-00150326 plus you only have four more good
kOKV2yVRw1y-00550-00150327-00150614 chances and to leave almost pops up so
kOKV2yVRw1y-00551-00150615-00150878 don't let that happen
kOKV2yVRw1y-00552-00150879-00151271 oh my god you are so rosy
kOKV2yVRw1y-00553-00151272-00151590 making me cycle right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00554-00151591-00151671 no
kOKV2yVRw1y-00555-00151672-00151943 evil mug is almost here only three more
kOKV2yVRw1y-00556-00151944-00152159 good chances left just stop these
kOKV2yVRw1y-00557-00152160-00152390 chimney against right this instant do
kOKV2yVRw1y-00558-00152391-00152671 you hear me also the timer has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00559-00152672-00152935 decreased to 209 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00560-00152936-00153159 that does it ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00561-00153160-00153414 everybody they can't write freaking now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00562-00153415-00154663 to see how you like it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00563-00154664-00156071 stop it stop it stop it stop it stop
kOKV2yVRw1y-00564-00156072-00158247 so
kOKV2yVRw1y-00565-00158248-00159599 causing you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00566-00159600-00160669 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-00567-00160670-00162368 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00568-00162369-00163375 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00569-00163376-00164397 59 times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00570-00164398-00165302 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00571-00165303-00166516 this is the last three chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-00572-00166517-00166887 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00573-00166888-00167159 that's right maveri i'm officially now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00574-00167160-00167383 in evil mode for the rest of the error
kOKV2yVRw1y-00575-00167384-00167599 also the background has been changed to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00576-00167600-00167831 rosa carosa the font has been changed to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00577-00167832-00168038 banners and the timer has been sliced to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00578-00168039-00168390 150 days oh and by the way my voice has
kOKV2yVRw1y-00579-00168391-00168631 been changed back to susan
kOKV2yVRw1y-00580-00168632-00168807 oh my god
kOKV2yVRw1y-00581-00168808-00169054 that voice is creeping me out
kOKV2yVRw1y-00582-00169055-00169383 one question why did you have the voice
kOKV2yVRw1y-00583-00169384-00169647 it's because i have that voice and also
kOKV2yVRw1y-00584-00169648-00169871 how dare you talk about my voice
kOKV2yVRw1y-00585-00169872-00170038 that also counts as turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00586-00170039-00170254 windows 10 computer and you lost a
kOKV2yVRw1y-00587-00170255-00170535 chance for talking about my voice also
kOKV2yVRw1y-00588-00170536-00170751 at the previous chance you are media
kOKV2yVRw1y-00589-00170752-00171054 ethereal barney error master 759's
kOKV2yVRw1y-00590-00171055-00171359 barney era 90s and 3d barn error barney
kOKV2yVRw1y-00591-00171360-00171695 era 95.4 chance count that means the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00592-00171696-00172087 chances were 90 but they are now 89.
kOKV2yVRw1y-00593-00172088-00172423 why don't i restart my computer instead
kOKV2yVRw1y-00594-00172424-00172949 it will work
kOKV2yVRw1y-00595-00172950-00173183 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00596-00173184-00173383 restarting your computer will also count
kOKV2yVRw1y-00597-00173384-00173583 as turning off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00598-00173584-00173878 sorry but rules are the rules
kOKV2yVRw1y-00599-00173879-00174102 are you stupid or something
kOKV2yVRw1y-00600-00174103-00174287 that doesn't count
kOKV2yVRw1y-00601-00174288-00174487 calling me stupid will also count as
kOKV2yVRw1y-00602-00174488-00174654 another turn off skill
kOKV2yVRw1y-00603-00174655-00174975 also the timer has been dropped to 125
kOKV2yVRw1y-00604-00174976-00175383 days and you now have 87 chances left
kOKV2yVRw1y-00605-00175384-00175502 drat
kOKV2yVRw1y-00606-00175503-00175751 if restarting my computer didn't work
kOKV2yVRw1y-00607-00175752-00175966 then how about i put my computer on
kOKV2yVRw1y-00608-00175967-00176126 standby
kOKV2yVRw1y-00609-00176127-00176263 this is it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00610-00176264-00176431 i'm gonna do it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00611-00176432-00177238 here goes nothing
kOKV2yVRw1y-00612-00177239-00177431 standing by your computer will also
kOKV2yVRw1y-00613-00177432-00177654 counts as turning it off you are really
kOKV2yVRw1y-00614-00177655-00177919 about to make me extremely angry now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00615-00177920-00178071 you'd better hey
kOKV2yVRw1y-00616-00178072-00178287 you just interrupted my speech
kOKV2yVRw1y-00617-00178288-00178535 that is so it prepare for my second evil
kOKV2yVRw1y-00618-00178536-00179087 mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00619-00179088-00179335 great job avery you just turned me into
kOKV2yVRw1y-00620-00179336-00179647 my very evil note aka second evil mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00621-00179648-00179807 this is what happens when you turn off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00622-00179808-00180023 your computer 65 times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00623-00180024-00180263 now you only have 85 chances left to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00624-00180264-00180807 listen to me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00625-00180808-00181038 the timer has been reduced to 100 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00626-00181039-00181287 and you have 84 chances left
kOKV2yVRw1y-00627-00181288-00181983 now stop this behavior immediately
kOKV2yVRw1y-00628-00181984-00182238 okay that's it if you turn off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00629-00182239-00182431 computer three more additional times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00630-00182432-00182671 then i will be in my third evil mode aka
kOKV2yVRw1y-00631-00182672-00182983 really evil mode plus you now have 83
kOKV2yVRw1y-00632-00182984-00183166 chances left to spare
kOKV2yVRw1y-00633-00183167-00183366 now stop this attitude and leave it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00634-00183367-00183943 alone right this instant
kOKV2yVRw1y-00635-00183944-00184071 seriously
kOKV2yVRw1y-00636-00184072-00184287 now that's the 68th time that you turned
kOKV2yVRw1y-00637-00184288-00184502 your windows 10 session off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00638-00184503-00184759 now if the chances get to 80 then i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00639-00184760-00184966 be in my really eagle mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00640-00184967-00185335 30
kOKV2yVRw1y-00641-00185336-00185590 modified to blackout midnight
kOKV2yVRw1y-00642-00185591-00185814 maybe if i try to turn off the system
kOKV2yVRw1y-00643-00185815-00186687 unit to see if it works
kOKV2yVRw1y-00644-00186688-00186878 turning the system unit buffalo also
kOKV2yVRw1y-00645-00186879-00187135 counts as turning off your computer now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00646-00187136-00187366 i have to warn you something if you turn
kOKV2yVRw1y-00647-00187367-00187559 off your computer one more time then i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00648-00187560-00187807 will be in my third evil vote aka really
kOKV2yVRw1y-00649-00187808-00187966 eagle mode the background will be
kOKV2yVRw1y-00650-00187967-00188143 changed to dark red and the fight will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00651-00188144-00188431 be changed to blackout midnight also the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00652-00188432-00190199 timer has been minimized to 75 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00653-00190200-00191343 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-00654-00191344-00192749 more times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00655-00192750-00194496 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00656-00194497-00194935 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00657-00194936-00195183 well that's too bad and so sad ashley
kOKV2yVRw1y-00658-00195184-00195319 robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00659-00195320-00195550 that's because i muted my windows 10
kOKV2yVRw1y-00660-00195551-00195750 computer so the way i cannot hear your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00661-00195751-00196637 stupidest favorite song
kOKV2yVRw1y-00662-00196638-00197163 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00663-00197164-00197431 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00664-00197432-00198719 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-00665-00198720-00199623 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-00666-00199624-00199950 that seriously just hurt my ear so much
kOKV2yVRw1y-00667-00199951-00200231 i got to turn off my pc as fast as
kOKV2yVRw1y-00668-00200232-00200740 possible
kOKV2yVRw1y-00669-00200741-00202228 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00670-00202229-00202543 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00671-00202544-00203926 one two three
kOKV2yVRw1y-00672-00203927-00205246 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-00673-00205248-00205582 yep that's right maverick i am now in
kOKV2yVRw1y-00674-00205583-00205934 extreme legal mode aka fourth eagle mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00675-00205935-00206238 also the timer has been minimized to 30
kOKV2yVRw1y-00676-00206239-00206334 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00677-00206335-00206575 by the way you have reached the halfway
kOKV2yVRw1y-00678-00206576-00206942 mark meaning you have 75 chances left oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00679-00206944-00207206 and by the way my voice has been changed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00680-00207207-00207503 to damien aka a scary voice or robot to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00681-00207504-00207679 make things even more scarier
kOKV2yVRw1y-00682-00207680-00207879 undergrounic
kOKV2yVRw1y-00683-00207880-00208231 oh my freaking god ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00684-00208232-00208438 that voice is creeping me out even more
kOKV2yVRw1y-00685-00208439-00208703 than your first three evil modes
kOKV2yVRw1y-00686-00208704-00209046 but why do you have that damian voice
kOKV2yVRw1y-00687-00209048-00209279 well it's because i have that demian
kOKV2yVRw1y-00688-00209280-00209375 voice
kOKV2yVRw1y-00689-00209376-00209646 and also how dare you talk about my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00690-00209648-00209775 voice again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00691-00209776-00209982 that also counts as turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00692-00209983-00210198 computer and you lost another chance for
kOKV2yVRw1y-00693-00210200-00210446 doing that meaning that the chances are
kOKV2yVRw1y-00694-00210448-00211046 now 74.
kOKV2yVRw1y-00695-00211048-00211134 well
kOKV2yVRw1y-00696-00211135-00211382 77th turnoff already
kOKV2yVRw1y-00697-00211383-00211727 now the chances have been deducted to 73
kOKV2yVRw1y-00698-00211728-00211967 if you waste them all then you will be
kOKV2yVRw1y-00699-00211967-00212231 seriously punished for the count
kOKV2yVRw1y-00700-00212232-00212398 i've got an idea
kOKV2yVRw1y-00701-00212400-00212598 i will change the timer to 1 million
kOKV2yVRw1y-00702-00212600-00213039 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00703-00213040-00213127 hey
kOKV2yVRw1y-00704-00213128-00213319 you are prohibited to change the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00705-00213319-00213503 to 1 million days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00706-00213504-00213694 that also counts as turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00707-00213696-00214006 system also the timer has been deducted
kOKV2yVRw1y-00708-00214007-00214542 to 20 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00709-00214544-00214823 okay that's it please pay attention
kOKV2yVRw1y-00710-00214823-00215071 carefully if you turn off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00711-00215071-00215351 one more time then i will be in scary
kOKV2yVRw1y-00712-00215352-00215606 mode the background will be changing to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00713-00215607-00215831 black and the thought will be changed to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00714-00215832-00216319 zre aks nfi also you currently have 71
kOKV2yVRw1y-00715-00216319-00216639 chances to waste like a garbage gun
kOKV2yVRw1y-00716-00216640-00216863 scary mode a
kOKV2yVRw1y-00717-00216864-00217127 well then i guess i have to turn off my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00718-00217128-00217806 computer one more time and find out
kOKV2yVRw1y-00719-00217807-00217927 hugh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00720-00217928-00218158 i finally turned off my computer once
kOKV2yVRw1y-00721-00218159-00218271 again
kOKV2yVRw1y-00722-00218271-00218510 that was a nearly close call
kOKV2yVRw1y-00723-00218511-00218767 but if i swear to god if i turn on my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00724-00218767-00219006 computer again and i see something very
kOKV2yVRw1y-00725-00219007-00220039 scary i will just totally scream like a
kOKV2yVRw1y-00726-00220040-00220382 huh i scared you so good didn't buy
kOKV2yVRw1y-00727-00220383-00220639 well this is what happens when you turn
kOKV2yVRw1y-00728-00220640-00220998 off your computer 80 times also i am now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00729-00221000-00221263 in scary mode the background has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00730-00221264-00221494 changing to black and the font has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00731-00221496-00221879 changed to crea
kOKV2yVRw1y-00732-00221880-00222055 oh my god
kOKV2yVRw1y-00733-00222056-00222303 that scared me so good there ashley
kOKV2yVRw1y-00734-00222304-00222431 robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00735-00222432-00222710 i am very mad at you for doing that
kOKV2yVRw1y-00736-00222711-00222887 you know what i'll do
kOKV2yVRw1y-00737-00222888-00223894 i will break my computer screen
kOKV2yVRw1y-00738-00223896-00224087 breaking your computer screen also
kOKV2yVRw1y-00739-00224088-00224287 counts as turning off your computer and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00740-00224288-00224639 it also results as 20 second action also
kOKV2yVRw1y-00741-00224640-00225358 the timer has been trimmed to 15 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00742-00225359-00225687 okay you really need to stop even though
kOKV2yVRw1y-00743-00225688-00226023 there is no way you can also you only
kOKV2yVRw1y-00744-00226023-00226263 have 68 chances left and leave your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00745-00226264-00226967 windows 10 pc alone right this instant
kOKV2yVRw1y-00746-00226967-00227191 things are getting worse each time
kOKV2yVRw1y-00747-00227192-00227439 when you turn off your computer i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00748-00227440-00227703 be even scarier and eviler i'm warning
kOKV2yVRw1y-00749-00227704-00227967 you right now i will set the warning of
kOKV2yVRw1y-00750-00227967-00228294 you at once at only once stop turning
kOKV2yVRw1y-00751-00228296-00228487 off your computer and that's capital
kOKV2yVRw1y-00752-00228488-00228806 final also if you turn it off one more
kOKV2yVRw1y-00753-00228807-00229071 time then the timer will flatten to 12
kOKV2yVRw1y-00754-00229071-00229823 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00755-00229825-00230055 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00756-00230056-00230423 i am weary and i am crazy by the way i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00757-00230423-00230655 wanna tell you something
kOKV2yVRw1y-00758-00230656-00230910 what is it ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00759-00230911-00231182 i'm very glad that you asked me if you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00760-00231183-00231415 turn off your computer one more time or
kOKV2yVRw1y-00761-00231416-00231663 do it once more then i will be in
kOKV2yVRw1y-00762-00231664-00231919 nightmare mode not to mention that which
kOKV2yVRw1y-00763-00231919-00232246 is the creepypasta mode also the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00764-00232248-00232510 has been flattened to 12 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00765-00232511-00232942 nightmare mode aka creepypasta mode huh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00766-00232944-00233206 well then i guess i have to turn off my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00767-00233207-00233446 computer and find out to see how scary
kOKV2yVRw1y-00768-00233448-00233615 she is
kOKV2yVRw1y-00769-00233616-00234219 okay but please don't say i didn't warn
kOKV2yVRw1y-00770-00234219-00236510 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00771-00236511-00236746 how many times do i have to tell
kOKV2yVRw1y-00772-00236748-00238598 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00773-00238600-00239358 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00774-00239359-00239831 do you want to play a game
kOKV2yVRw1y-00775-00239832-00240182 you are in my world now you now have 63
kOKV2yVRw1y-00776-00240183-00240423 chances remaining toys and the time pass
kOKV2yVRw1y-00777-00240423-00240860 that is created to 10 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00778-00240861-00243244 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00779-00243244-00243887 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00780-00243888-00244416 but they are now 62.
kOKV2yVRw1y-00781-00244417-00246319 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00782-00246319-00246855 hhh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00783-00246856-00247039 okay i calmed down
kOKV2yVRw1y-00784-00247040-00247246 i'm so terribly sorry for losing my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00785-00247248-00247479 control insanity and i just gave you the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00786-00247480-00247758 ultra punishment for that anyways i am
kOKV2yVRw1y-00787-00247759-00247951 now back to my normal mode while i look
kOKV2yVRw1y-00788-00247952-00248167 so sad the background has been changed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00789-00248167-00248367 back to white the font has been changed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00790-00248367-00248558 to know those sense my voice has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00791-00248559-00248775 changed back to susan and the timer is
kOKV2yVRw1y-00792-00248776-00248951 still 10 days left
kOKV2yVRw1y-00793-00248952-00249158 anyways i'm still mad at you and i want
kOKV2yVRw1y-00794-00249159-00249367 to tell you something if you turn off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00795-00249367-00249551 your computer one more time then the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00796-00249552-00249734 future ashley robinson errors will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00797-00249735-00249991 appear unlike zakugen azy's barney error
kOKV2yVRw1y-00798-00249992-00250358 57 evolution edition also in the future
kOKV2yVRw1y-00799-00250359-00250542 modes i will be in devil mode the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00800-00250544-00250751 background will change to fire the font
kOKV2yVRw1y-00801-00250752-00250951 will change to double feature my voice
kOKV2yVRw1y-00802-00250952-00251215 will change back to damien aka scary
kOKV2yVRw1y-00803-00251216-00251382 voice or robot and the timer will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00804-00251383-00251598 diminish to 9 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00805-00251600-00251791 will you allow me to turn off my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00806-00251792-00251982 computer now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00807-00251983-00252534 i hate you you hate me and how freaking
kOKV2yVRw1y-00808-00252535-00252991 dare you turn off your stew pic freaking
kOKV2yVRw1y-00809-00252992-00253282 hair roar win doze 10
kOKV2yVRw1y-00810-00253283-00253542 computer a gain
kOKV2yVRw1y-00811-00253544-00253823 that is so freaking it makery you so
kOKV2yVRw1y-00812-00253823-00254006 asked and get prepared for the future
kOKV2yVRw1y-00813-00254007-00254246 ashley robinson errors you stoop idiotic
kOKV2yVRw1y-00814-00254248-00254487 down me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00815-00254488-00254687 welcome to the future ashley robbins and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00816-00254688-00254806 errors
kOKV2yVRw1y-00817-00254807-00255119 as you can see i am now in devil mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00818-00255119-00255398 the background has been changing to fire
kOKV2yVRw1y-00819-00255400-00255582 the font has been changed the double
kOKV2yVRw1y-00820-00255583-00255839 feature and my voice has been changed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00821-00255840-00256110 back to damien aka a scary voice or
kOKV2yVRw1y-00822-00256111-00256351 robot because you didn't listen to me 90
kOKV2yVRw1y-00823-00256352-00256455 times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00824-00256456-00256710 by the way the subtitles have been added
kOKV2yVRw1y-00825-00256711-00256951 to translate my speeches
kOKV2yVRw1y-00826-00256952-00257206 now you only have 60 chances left and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00827-00257207-00257503 the timer has been diminished to 9 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00828-00257504-00257815 also if you turn it off 5 more times
kOKV2yVRw1y-00829-00257816-00258582 then i will be in dot exe mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00830-00258583-00258806 why do you always turn off your windows
kOKV2yVRw1y-00831-00258807-00258967 10 computer even though you're not
kOKV2yVRw1y-00832-00258967-00259246 supposed to do that if you keep this up
kOKV2yVRw1y-00833-00259248-00259439 then you will be severely punished for
kOKV2yVRw1y-00834-00259440-00259671 the count and if you turn off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00835-00259671-00259927 computer two more times then i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-00836-00259928-00260646 reduce the timer to eight days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00837-00260648-00260863 you are not only refusing to listen to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00838-00260864-00261127 me but you also wanting me to destroy
kOKV2yVRw1y-00839-00261128-00261287 your computer too
kOKV2yVRw1y-00840-00261288-00261519 think about it if you turn off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00841-00261519-00261798 computer thrice more then i will be in
kOKV2yVRw1y-00842-00261800-00262182 dot exe mode now you need to stop
kOKV2yVRw1y-00843-00262183-00262358 turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00844-00262359-00262751 ing computer right immediately
kOKV2yVRw1y-00845-00262752-00262919 oh my god
kOKV2yVRw1y-00846-00262920-00263167 how dare you drop the f word
kOKV2yVRw1y-00847-00263168-00263303 that is so it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00848-00263304-00263510 i will put a bar of soap on your mouth
kOKV2yVRw1y-00849-00263511-00264599 to see how you like it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00850-00264600-00264823 how dare you put a bar of soap on my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00851-00264824-00264903 mouth
kOKV2yVRw1y-00852-00264904-00265175 that counts as another turn off and 23rd
kOKV2yVRw1y-00853-00265176-00265455 action and i don't even care if i swear
kOKV2yVRw1y-00854-00265456-00265775 like racist mario or not also if you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00855-00265776-00266015 turn off your computer two more times or
kOKV2yVRw1y-00856-00266016-00266319 twice more than i will be in the dxc
kOKV2yVRw1y-00857-00266320-00266647 mode and plus the timer has been reduced
kOKV2yVRw1y-00858-00266648-00267255 to eight days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00859-00267256-00267495 you know the freaking hell what if you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00860-00267496-00267703 turn off your stupid freaking horror
kOKV2yVRw1y-00861-00267704-00267975 computer one more freaking time then i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00862-00267976-00268215 will be in the dxc mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00863-00268216-00268463 so don't let that freaking happen ever
kOKV2yVRw1y-00864-00268464-00268703 my freaking lord
kOKV2yVRw1y-00865-00268704-00268806 ha
kOKV2yVRw1y-00866-00268807-00269158 like that won't happen oh it will happen
kOKV2yVRw1y-00867-00269159-00269471 it will so don't let that happen and i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00868-00269472-00270030 mean it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00869-00270031-00270471 so you are now in dot exe mode right yep
kOKV2yVRw1y-00870-00270472-00270782 that's right maverick i am now in dxe
kOKV2yVRw1y-00871-00270783-00271063 mode thanks to your turn off nonsense
kOKV2yVRw1y-00872-00271064-00271287 now you really need to stop turning off
kOKV2yVRw1y-00873-00271288-00271510 your computer or else you will be forced
kOKV2yVRw1y-00874-00271511-00271710 to enter the code after you waste all of
kOKV2yVRw1y-00875-00271711-00272127 your 55 chances also the fire background
kOKV2yVRw1y-00876-00272128-00272327 has been changed to red and the font has
kOKV2yVRw1y-00877-00272328-00273030 been changed to pieces nfi
kOKV2yVRw1y-00878-00273031-00273319 oh it looks like you nearly have 54
kOKV2yVRw1y-00879-00273320-00273510 chances left and the timer has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00880-00273511-00273887 decreased to seven days aka one week by
kOKV2yVRw1y-00881-00273888-00274127 the way i have added the noise effect
kOKV2yVRw1y-00882-00274128-00274351 source stack because i'm scarier on the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00883-00274352-00274527 gonic
kOKV2yVRw1y-00884-00274528-00274815 well you know what ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00885-00274816-00274999 i don't even care about the noise
kOKV2yVRw1y-00886-00275000-00275310 effects or static on your stupid error
kOKV2yVRw1y-00887-00275311-00275567 by the way your error is so stupid and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00888-00275568-00276739 you are a stupid black princess
kOKV2yVRw1y-00889-00276740-00277481 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00890-00277482-00278356 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00891-00278357-00279604 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00892-00279605-00281091 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00893-00281092-00282934 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00894-00282935-00283047 really
kOKV2yVRw1y-00895-00283048-00283247 just a black screen
kOKV2yVRw1y-00896-00283248-00283430 now i don't know what's gonna happen
kOKV2yVRw1y-00897-00283431-00283703 next like an orange evil ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00898-00283704-00285682 jump scare
kOKV2yVRw1y-00899-00285683-00285967 yeah just as i only know that i was
kOKV2yVRw1y-00900-00285968-00286527 predicted
kOKV2yVRw1y-00901-00286528-00286743 how dare you call my error stupid in me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00902-00286744-00287006 a stupid black princess that was not
kOKV2yVRw1y-00903-00287007-00287215 very nice and polite to treat me like
kOKV2yVRw1y-00904-00287216-00287295 this
kOKV2yVRw1y-00905-00287296-00287519 not only that that was very mean and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00906-00287520-00287710 disrespectful to me
kOKV2yVRw1y-00907-00287711-00288006 that's it i will take two chances away
kOKV2yVRw1y-00908-00288007-00288110 from you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00909-00288111-00288303 now you are literally hurting my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00910-00288304-00288639 feelings also calling my error stupid
kOKV2yVRw1y-00911-00288640-00288839 and me a stupid black princess also
kOKV2yVRw1y-00912-00288840-00289047 counts as turning off your computer and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00913-00289048-00289391 also results as 24th and 25th action
kOKV2yVRw1y-00914-00289392-00289654 plus i jump scare you for calling my
kOKV2yVRw1y-00915-00289655-00289951 error and me that and also if you turn
kOKV2yVRw1y-00916-00289952-00290230 off your computer two more times then i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00917-00290231-00290510 will be in hell mode the fire background
kOKV2yVRw1y-00918-00290511-00290758 will be changed to dark red and the [__]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00919-00290759-00291479 will be changed to creepster as well
kOKV2yVRw1y-00920-00291480-00291719 now if you turn it off one more time or
kOKV2yVRw1y-00921-00291720-00292015 once more then i will be in hell mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00922-00292016-00292247 the fire background will be changed to
kOKV2yVRw1y-00923-00292248-00292487 dark red and the thought will be changed
kOKV2yVRw1y-00924-00292488-00292775 to creepster also the timer has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00925-00292776-00293487 deducted to six days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00926-00293488-00293758 just look what you've unraveling i am
kOKV2yVRw1y-00927-00293759-00294054 now in my elbow the fire back ground is
kOKV2yVRw1y-00928-00294055-00294263 not dark red and the font is now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00929-00294264-00294558 modified to creepster also you are
kOKV2yVRw1y-00930-00294559-00294799 exactly invasives barney error 50 then
kOKV2yVRw1y-00931-00294800-00295015 starting they'll enchanted vegas buried
kOKV2yVRw1y-00932-00295016-00295099 in her
kOKV2yVRw1y-00933-00295100-00295430 477s ouster errors chance count
kOKV2yVRw1y-00934-00295431-00295727 meaning you have 50 chances left and
kOKV2yVRw1y-00935-00295728-00295967 therefore if you turn off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00936-00295968-00296243 five more times then i will be in
kOKV2yVRw1y-00937-00296244-00296439 scary.exe mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-00938-00296440-00296671 now please stop turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00939-00296672-00298054 computer and i'm serious
kOKV2yVRw1y-00940-00298055-00298310 and if you keep this nonsense then you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00941-00298311-00298630 will be seriously grounded also your
kOKV2yVRw1y-00942-00298631-00298975 chance box is now 49
kOKV2yVRw1y-00943-00298976-00299158 then i will change the actions done
kOKV2yVRw1y-00944-00299159-00300167 count to zero
kOKV2yVRw1y-00945-00300168-00300399 you are disallowed to reset the action
kOKV2yVRw1y-00946-00300400-00300671 stun count to zero that also counts as
kOKV2yVRw1y-00947-00300672-00300919 the 26th faction and another turnoff
kOKV2yVRw1y-00948-00300920-00301191 increase also the timer has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00949-00301192-00301934 complicated to 5 days decreasingly
kOKV2yVRw1y-00950-00301935-00302054 seriously
kOKV2yVRw1y-00951-00302055-00302303 can you please stop continuously turning
kOKV2yVRw1y-00952-00302304-00302527 off your windows 10 computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00953-00302528-00302806 now the chance crate box is 47 and you
kOKV2yVRw1y-00954-00302807-00303087 need to quit those turn-offs right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-00955-00303088-00303358 hopefully i make myself clear
kOKV2yVRw1y-00956-00303359-00303768 so don't waste them all
kOKV2yVRw1y-00957-00303769-00304279 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00958-00304280-00304534 i don't appreciate the situation what
kOKV2yVRw1y-00959-00304535-00304847 was going on here by the way if you turn
kOKV2yVRw1y-00960-00304848-00305110 off your computer one more time then i
kOKV2yVRw1y-00961-00305111-00305439 will be in scary.exe mode the fire
kOKV2yVRw1y-00962-00305440-00305703 background will be changed to gray the
kOKV2yVRw1y-00963-00305704-00305927 thought will be changed to creepy girl
kOKV2yVRw1y-00964-00305928-00306239 and the timer will lower to 4 days come
kOKV2yVRw1y-00965-00306240-00306551 on i dare you to turn off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-00966-00306552-00306871 so prevent that from happening or else
kOKV2yVRw1y-00967-00306872-00307047 blah blah blah
kOKV2yVRw1y-00968-00307048-00307319 your scary.exe mode and the gray fire
kOKV2yVRw1y-00969-00307320-00307503 background will show up with your jump
kOKV2yVRw1y-00970-00307504-00307615 scare
kOKV2yVRw1y-00971-00307616-00309230 bring it on to me if you dare girl
kOKV2yVRw1y-00972-00309231-00309839 oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-00973-00309840-00310230 very good anyways i am now in scary.c
kOKV2yVRw1y-00974-00310231-00310487 mode the fire background has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00975-00310488-00310710 changed to grey the font has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-00976-00310711-00310943 changed to creepy girl and the timer has
kOKV2yVRw1y-00977-00310944-00311223 been lowered to four days
kOKV2yVRw1y-00978-00311224-00311439 did i say you can use microsoft son's
kOKV2yVRw1y-00979-00311440-00311558 lifeline
kOKV2yVRw1y-00980-00311559-00311647 no
kOKV2yVRw1y-00981-00311648-00311863 because it's in the public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-00982-00311864-00312056 get it
kOKV2yVRw1y-00983-00312057-00312327 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00984-00312328-00313594 besides
kOKV2yVRw1y-00985-00313595-00313871 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00986-00313872-00314063 that's in the public domain ashley
kOKV2yVRw1y-00987-00314064-00314482 robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-00988-00314483-00314775 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00989-00314776-00315079 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-00990-00315080-00315375 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-00991-00315376-00315679 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-00992-00315680-00315975 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-00993-00315976-00316078 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-00994-00316079-00316263 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00995-00316264-00316596 whatever i want to say it's nowadays
kOKV2yVRw1y-00996-00316597-00317030 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00997-00317031-00318201 got that joke
kOKV2yVRw1y-00998-00318202-00318903 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-00999-00318904-00319199 just calm down and take a chill pill
kOKV2yVRw1y-01000-00319200-00319475 and i think about two
kOKV2yVRw1y-01001-00319476-00319830 [Laughter]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01002-00319831-00319934 fine
kOKV2yVRw1y-01003-00319935-00320095 if you insist
kOKV2yVRw1y-01004-00320096-00320351 i will turn off my computer again for no
kOKV2yVRw1y-01005-00320352-00321171 reason
kOKV2yVRw1y-01006-00321172-00321879 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01007-00321880-00322143 is that how you want me to do this
kOKV2yVRw1y-01008-00322144-00322391 well i think i might just unplug my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01009-00322392-00322927 computer to see if it works
kOKV2yVRw1y-01010-00322928-00323039 there
kOKV2yVRw1y-01011-00323040-00323982 no more error
kOKV2yVRw1y-01012-00323983-00324182 do you really believe that unplugging
kOKV2yVRw1y-01013-00324183-00324351 your computer works
kOKV2yVRw1y-01014-00324352-00324679 never this can result as a 27th action
kOKV2yVRw1y-01015-00324680-00324863 and another cannot skill and you have
kOKV2yVRw1y-01016-00324864-00325839 the 43
kOKV2yVRw1y-01017-00325840-00326295 hey you don't ever call
kOKV2yVRw1y-01018-00326296-00326543 results as a me faction timed another
kOKV2yVRw1y-01019-00326544-00326823 turnoff collection now listen i don't
kOKV2yVRw1y-01020-00326824-00327095 even care if you call me names or not
kOKV2yVRw1y-01021-00327096-00327303 now the timer has been downsized and
kOKV2yVRw1y-01022-00327304-00327591 excised too you guessed it three french
kOKV2yVRw1y-01023-00327592-00328191 days
kOKV2yVRw1y-01024-00328192-00328478 now listen very very carefully if you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01025-00328479-00328719 turn off your computer one more time
kOKV2yVRw1y-01026-00328720-00329030 then i will be in serial mode the fire
kOKV2yVRw1y-01027-00329031-00329295 background will change to dark gray
kOKV2yVRw1y-01028-00329296-00329558 which is the last fire background the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01029-00329559-00329806 font will change to mortified drip and
kOKV2yVRw1y-01030-00329807-00330071 the text color will change to red
kOKV2yVRw1y-01031-00330072-00330367 so please no more wasting your 41
kOKV2yVRw1y-01032-00330368-00331799 chances like a recycle
kOKV2yVRw1y-01033-00331800-00332749 which is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01034-00332750-00333751 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01035-00333752-00334329 forever
kOKV2yVRw1y-01036-00334330-00335871 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01037-00335872-00336271 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01038-00336272-00336495 i want to help you finish my speech
kOKV2yVRw1y-01039-00336496-00336830 again if you interrupt my speech again i
kOKV2yVRw1y-01040-00336831-00337095 swear i will take two chances away from
kOKV2yVRw1y-01041-00337096-00337415 you and speaking of which you only have
kOKV2yVRw1y-01042-00337416-00337878 for your chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-01043-00337879-00338910 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01044-00338911-00339327 to me you are very disrespectful to me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01045-00339328-00339543 i think you are the riskiest ever to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01046-00339544-00339854 they are with me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01047-00339855-00340110 oh my freaking god ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01048-00340111-00340303 how dare you say that to me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01049-00340304-00340558 that's it take this you stupid piece of
kOKV2yVRw1y-01050-00340559-00342167 crap
kOKV2yVRw1y-01051-00342168-00342287 there
kOKV2yVRw1y-01052-00342288-00342503 that stupid naughty black princess is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01054-00345546-00346060 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01055-00346061-00346758 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01056-00346759-00349688 thank you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01057-00349689-00350167 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01058-00350168-00350273 now
kOKV2yVRw1y-01059-00350274-00352854 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01060-00352855-00353134 you said 35 minutes instead of 35
kOKV2yVRw1y-01061-00353135-00353271 chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-01062-00353272-00353815 ah hilariously funny girl
kOKV2yVRw1y-01063-00353816-00353943 ouch
kOKV2yVRw1y-01064-00353944-00354063 my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01065-00354064-00354182 life
kOKV2yVRw1y-01066-00354183-00354495 don't ever kick me in the crotch again
kOKV2yVRw1y-01067-00354496-00354606 fool
kOKV2yVRw1y-01068-00354607-00354719 owie
kOKV2yVRw1y-01069-00354720-00354934 macaroni and cheese
kOKV2yVRw1y-01070-00354935-00355665 jinkies
kOKV2yVRw1y-01071-00355666-00356391 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01072-00356392-00356471 no
kOKV2yVRw1y-01073-00356472-00356591 not again
kOKV2yVRw1y-01074-00356592-00356751 it's not your property
kOKV2yVRw1y-01075-00356752-00357061 it's still in the public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-01076-00357062-00358567 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01077-00358568-00358863 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-01078-00358864-00359167 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-01079-00359168-00359471 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-01080-00359472-00359767 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-01081-00359768-00360054 public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-01082-00360055-00360278 whatever i mean in the chance 45
kOKV2yVRw1y-01083-00360279-00360423 previous part
kOKV2yVRw1y-01084-00360424-00360687 that is one not your property
kOKV2yVRw1y-01085-00360688-00360934 and two it is in the public domain and
kOKV2yVRw1y-01086-00360935-00361967 that's finally
kOKV2yVRw1y-01087-00361968-00362839 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01088-00362840-00363023 it's in the public domain
kOKV2yVRw1y-01089-00363024-00363902 sheesh
kOKV2yVRw1y-01090-00363903-00364695 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01091-00364696-00364815 sorry
kOKV2yVRw1y-01092-00364816-00364958 my bad
kOKV2yVRw1y-01093-00364959-00365151 now to turn this thing off because i
kOKV2yVRw1y-01094-00365152-00365287 said so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01095-00365288-00365555 whenever you say
kOKV2yVRw1y-01096-00365556-00366927 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01097-00366928-00367124 stupid black princess
kOKV2yVRw1y-01098-00367125-00369478 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01099-00369479-00370444 that's it if you turn off your windows
kOKV2yVRw1y-01100-00370445-00371247 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01101-00371248-00371558 five golden days
kOKV2yVRw1y-01102-00371559-00371847 four calling days three french days two
kOKV2yVRw1y-01103-00371848-00373104 turtle days and one day equals 24 hours
kOKV2yVRw1y-01104-00373105-00374478 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01105-00374479-00374647 look at me right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-01106-00374648-00374967 i am now in my devil.exe mode the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01107-00374968-00375239 background is now changed to tails ball
kOKV2yVRw1y-01108-00375240-00375478 the font is outdoor font and the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01109-00375479-00375839 has been downsized to one day aka 24
kOKV2yVRw1y-01110-00375840-00376063 hours
kOKV2yVRw1y-01111-00376064-00376327 you know what ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01112-00376328-00376519 i will change the error title to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01113-00376520-00376767 preposterous error
kOKV2yVRw1y-01114-00376768-00377039 ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha
kOKV2yVRw1y-01115-00377040-00377878 soy soy soy soy full ruffle ruffle ropel
kOKV2yVRw1y-01116-00377879-00378119 dude you are not allowed to change my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01117-00378120-00378406 error title to preposterous error that
kOKV2yVRw1y-01118-00378407-00378678 simply results as another turn off skill
kOKV2yVRw1y-01119-00378679-00378958 also i forgot to mention the creepy girl
kOKV2yVRw1y-01120-00378959-00379182 subtitles are here to translate my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01121-00379183-00379558 speeches at the 30th chance
kOKV2yVRw1y-01122-00379559-00379767 okay then fine
kOKV2yVRw1y-01123-00379768-00380071 i will zap you with my elemental taser
kOKV2yVRw1y-01124-00380072-00380499 take that
kOKV2yVRw1y-01125-00380500-00381399 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01126-00381400-00382775 so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01127-00382776-00382978 two two three
kOKV2yVRw1y-01128-00382979-00384815 two two
kOKV2yVRw1y-01129-00384816-00387153 oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-01130-00387154-00388129 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01131-00388130-00390823 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01132-00390824-00391071 okay you need to discontinue those
kOKV2yVRw1y-01133-00391072-00391319 turnoffs immediately it's starting to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01134-00391320-00391591 give me a large headache you only have
kOKV2yVRw1y-01135-00391592-00391927 27 chances left do not ever do your
kOKV2yVRw1y-01136-00391928-00392230 actions otherwise there will be severe
kOKV2yVRw1y-01137-00392231-00392510 consequences
kOKV2yVRw1y-01138-00392511-00392630 that's it
kOKV2yVRw1y-01139-00392631-00392975 for your punishment i will cross you out
kOKV2yVRw1y-01140-00392976-00393878 take this punk
kOKV2yVRw1y-01141-00393879-00394030 are you kidding me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01142-00394031-00394239 yes i'm kidding you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01143-00394240-00394527 and how dare you cross me out that also
kOKV2yVRw1y-01144-00394528-00394799 results as once again and again another
kOKV2yVRw1y-01145-00394800-00395254 day cookie turn off chip tortilla listen
kOKV2yVRw1y-01146-00395255-00395575 to me cupcake if you turn it off one
kOKV2yVRw1y-01147-00395576-00395839 more time then i will be in my only
kOKV2yVRw1y-01148-00395840-00396063 demon mode the background will my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01149-00396064-00396271 thought to give us and the thought will
kOKV2yVRw1y-01150-00396272-00396534 change to needle teeth creepy aka the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01151-00396535-00396799 old ideal teeth font and when that
kOKV2yVRw1y-01152-00396800-00397119 happens the pr celtic narrow subtitles
kOKV2yVRw1y-01153-00397120-00397463 will be here for my only demon mode also
kOKV2yVRw1y-01154-00397464-00399223 the timer has been shortened to 16 hours
kOKV2yVRw1y-01155-00399224-00399439 the battleground has been qualified to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01156-00399440-00399687 give us the fault is no change to evil
kOKV2yVRw1y-01157-00399688-00399934 tooth creepy and the subtitle font has
kOKV2yVRw1y-01158-00399935-00400071 been changed
kOKV2yVRw1y-01159-00400072-00400327 celtic barrel you keep turning off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-01160-00400328-00400606 windows and computer over and over again
kOKV2yVRw1y-01161-00400607-00400943 and still refusing to listen to me 125
kOKV2yVRw1y-01162-00400944-00401302 times also if you turn it off again then
kOKV2yVRw1y-01163-00401303-00401671 i will minus the power to five hours
kOKV2yVRw1y-01164-00401672-00401863 hold up for a second
kOKV2yVRw1y-01165-00401864-00402087 i thought demon modes will be your next
kOKV2yVRw1y-01166-00402088-00402410 five chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-01167-00402411-00402863 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01168-00402864-00403015 you know what
kOKV2yVRw1y-01169-00403016-00403143 forget it
kOKV2yVRw1y-01170-00403144-00403399 i'm turning off my windows 10 computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01171-00403400-00404613 again no matter what
kOKV2yVRw1y-01172-00404614-00405910 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01173-00405911-00406263 that's it ashley robinson time for me to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01174-00406264-00406471 do my elfly duty
kOKV2yVRw1y-01176-00410919-00413151 uh
kOKV2yVRw1y-01177-00413152-00413399 question
kOKV2yVRw1y-01178-00413400-00415295 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01179-00415296-00416910 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01180-00416912-00417087 you know the freaking hell what ashley
kOKV2yVRw1y-01181-00417088-00417230 robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01182-00417231-00417374 that does it
kOKV2yVRw1y-01183-00417375-00417614 i will get diana from animal crossing to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01184-00417615-00417966 say bad things about you ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01185-00417967-00418118 hey diana
kOKV2yVRw1y-01186-00418119-00418463 come over here right now
kOKV2yVRw1y-01187-00418464-00418743 okay what do you want for me this time
kOKV2yVRw1y-01188-00418743-00418863 mavery
kOKV2yVRw1y-01189-00418864-00419047 can you say bad things to ashley
kOKV2yVRw1y-01190-00419047-00419166 robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01191-00419167-00419439 yes i'm going to say bad things to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01192-00419439-00419903 ashley robinson here it comes in 10 9 8
kOKV2yVRw1y-01193-00419904-00420610 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
kOKV2yVRw1y-01194-00420612-00420814 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01195-00420815-00421110 ashley robinson your brain is so dumb
kOKV2yVRw1y-01196-00421112-00421351 you are so stupid and cry baby you're
kOKV2yVRw1y-01197-00421352-00421663 such a [__] idiot and psychotic you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01198-00421664-00421879 piece of crap and you have no life
kOKV2yVRw1y-01199-00421880-00422166 whatsoever ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha
kOKV2yVRw1y-01200-00422167-00422447 ha ha ha ha ha ha ha swa swa swa swallow
kOKV2yVRw1y-01201-00422447-00422831 lollo lalala mala malam alamou xtx txt
kOKV2yVRw1y-01202-00422832-00423343 xd raffle raffle raffle g r r r r r r r
kOKV2yVRw1y-01204-00426554-00427422 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01205-00427423-00429295 so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01206-00429296-00431191 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01207-00431192-00432614 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01208-00432615-00433575 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01209-00433576-00433932 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01210-00433933-00436463 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01211-00436464-00437063 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01212-00437064-00437351 hey barney before saying anything else
kOKV2yVRw1y-01213-00437352-00437668 what do you think of my elemental taser
kOKV2yVRw1y-01214-00437668-00438875 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01215-00438876-00440463 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01216-00440464-00440670 are you ready to test out my second
kOKV2yVRw1y-01217-00440671-00441014 element
kOKV2yVRw1y-01218-00441015-00441343 too bad so sad and too late
kOKV2yVRw1y-01219-00441343-00441543 because i have already switched it to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01220-00441543-00441807 ice so i will freeze you to see if you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01221-00441808-00441975 like it or not
kOKV2yVRw1y-01222-00441976-00442343 then i will use the fire wind grass and
kOKV2yVRw1y-01223-00442343-00442655 stone elements will test it out on you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01224-00442656-00442927 now get ready for me to freeze you right
kOKV2yVRw1y-01225-00442928-00443178 now
kOKV2yVRw1y-01227-00447967-00449391 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01228-00449392-00452270 much
kOKV2yVRw1y-01229-00452271-00453050 you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01231-00456239-00457839 which
kOKV2yVRw1y-01232-00457839-00460639 church
kOKV2yVRw1y-01233-00460639-00460879 before you say anything i want to say
kOKV2yVRw1y-01234-00460880-00461087 that when i first invented this thing
kOKV2yVRw1y-01235-00461088-00461351 four weeks ago it originally had eight
kOKV2yVRw1y-01236-00461352-00461479 elements
kOKV2yVRw1y-01237-00461480-00461751 but since i lost two element cartridges
kOKV2yVRw1y-01238-00461752-00463447 i ended up with only six elements
kOKV2yVRw1y-01239-00463447-00465151 so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01240-00465152-00466870 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01241-00466871-00468607 sure
kOKV2yVRw1y-01242-00468608-00468807 who's jessica andrews
kOKV2yVRw1y-01243-00468808-00469055 i wonder what she looks like
kOKV2yVRw1y-01244-00469056-00471863 anyways who's jessica andrews
kOKV2yVRw1y-01245-00471864-00472366 one
kOKV2yVRw1y-01246-00472367-00472479 fine
kOKV2yVRw1y-01247-00472480-00472718 i will have no choice to turn off my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01248-00472719-00472927 computer again to see what is jessica
kOKV2yVRw1y-01249-00472928-00473796 andrews
kOKV2yVRw1y-01250-00473797-00473805 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01251-00473806-00474072 [Applause]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01252-00474072-00474270 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01253-00474271-00475268 [Applause]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01254-00475268-00476022 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01255-00476023-00476366 hello there it's me jessica andrews
kOKV2yVRw1y-01256-00476367-00476770 which is spelled j-e-s-s-i-c-a
kOKV2yVRw1y-01257-00476771-00476935 a-n-d-r-e-w-s
kOKV2yVRw1y-01258-00476935-00477191 well guess what i'm here to deal with
kOKV2yVRw1y-01259-00477192-00477503 you for the next four chances also the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01260-00477504-00477743 timer is now reduced to eight hours the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01261-00477743-00477991 font is now changed to october crow and
kOKV2yVRw1y-01262-00477992-00478222 the background is now black again for my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01263-00478223-00478766 sister
kOKV2yVRw1y-01264-00478767-00479135 guess what you have wasted 131 out of
kOKV2yVRw1y-01265-00479135-00479470 150 chances i'm getting confused right
kOKV2yVRw1y-01266-00479471-00479791 now also if you turn it off again then
kOKV2yVRw1y-01267-00479792-00480047 the timer will decrease to six hours and
kOKV2yVRw1y-01268-00480047-00480270 i will be mad at you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01269-00480271-00480575 well you know what jessica andrews
kOKV2yVRw1y-01270-00480576-00480766 i don't even care
kOKV2yVRw1y-01271-00480767-00480975 because you are just a fake sister from
kOKV2yVRw1y-01272-00480976-00481166 ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01273-00481167-00481431 i may be told but you cannot offend me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01274-00481432-00481687 like that you don't want me to take away
kOKV2yVRw1y-01275-00481688-00482022 a chance from you don't you okay
kOKV2yVRw1y-01276-00482023-00482318 okay i will not offend you again
kOKV2yVRw1y-01277-00482319-00482543 but i will still turn off my computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01278-00482543-00483166 again whenever you like it or not
kOKV2yVRw1y-01279-00483167-00483407 well would you look at that the timer is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01280-00483408-00483679 now decreased to six hours and i'm now
kOKV2yVRw1y-01281-00483680-00483927 mad at you if you just wait for six
kOKV2yVRw1y-01282-00483928-00484159 hours then you can get your windows 10
kOKV2yVRw1y-01283-00484160-00484462 computer back to be honest it's a lot
kOKV2yVRw1y-01284-00484463-00484695 faster than turning off your computer so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01285-00484696-00485039 many times also if you turn it off again
kOKV2yVRw1y-01286-00485039-00486047 then i will be in.exe mode
kOKV2yVRw1y-01287-00486049-00486295 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01288-00486296-00486575 over and over again if you turn off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-01289-00486576-00486831 computer for the last time then i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-01290-00486832-00487118 have no choice but to believe that my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01291-00487119-00487295 sister athlete robinson will be
kOKV2yVRw1y-01292-00487296-00488270 returning in her 666 mod
kOKV2yVRw1y-01293-00488271-00488470 i have detected that you want to turn
kOKV2yVRw1y-01294-00488471-00488718 off your computer for the last time
kOKV2yVRw1y-01295-00488719-00489055 well goodbye it sucks to do you as you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01296-00489056-00489831 did prepare for ashley robinson again
kOKV2yVRw1y-01297-00489832-00490118 well guess what i'm back and you have
kOKV2yVRw1y-01298-00490119-00490351 deliberately disobeyed my sister jessica
kOKV2yVRw1y-01299-00490352-00490631 vintage which means that i have now come
kOKV2yVRw1y-01300-00490632-00490862 in 666
kOKV2yVRw1y-01301-00490863-00491062 the background has been changed the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01302-00491063-00491383 screen touch from username 666
kOKV2yVRw1y-01303-00491384-00491662 and default has been modified to chiller
kOKV2yVRw1y-01304-00491663-00491847 the placed all of our should stream
kOKV2yVRw1y-01305-00491847-00492055 cancers or else you will be severely
kOKV2yVRw1y-01306-00492056-00492191 punished
kOKV2yVRw1y-01307-00492192-00492439 also the power has been distributed to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01308-00492439-00494766 four hours
kOKV2yVRw1y-01309-00494767-00494879 that's it
kOKV2yVRw1y-01310-00494880-00495062 i will drop the middle finger at you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01311-00495063-00495287 since you yelled at me even louder at
kOKV2yVRw1y-01312-00495288-00496622 the chance 28 23 22 and 21 take that
kOKV2yVRw1y-01313-00496623-00497143 how dare you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01314-00497143-00497351 and it drop also count as turning off
kOKV2yVRw1y-01315-00497352-00497662 your computer also the timer has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-01316-00497663-00498022 pulled into three hours
kOKV2yVRw1y-01317-00498023-00498135 fine
kOKV2yVRw1y-01318-00498135-00498327 if dropping the middle finger at you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01319-00498328-00498551 doesn't work then how about i use an
kOKV2yVRw1y-01320-00498552-00498766 antivirus to get rid of this error
kOKV2yVRw1y-01321-00498767-00499589 instead
kOKV2yVRw1y-01322-00499589-00500222 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01323-00500223-00500462 oh my god how dare you use an
kOKV2yVRw1y-01324-00500463-00500735 anti-divers to get rid of my error for
kOKV2yVRw1y-01325-00500735-00500991 that it will simply cause turning off
kOKV2yVRw1y-01326-00500992-00501318 your computer in 38 fashion also i
kOKV2yVRw1y-01327-00501319-00501543 failed the early divers to get rid of my
kOKV2yVRw1y-01328-00501543-00501879 error and if you turn it off twice more
kOKV2yVRw1y-01329-00501880-00502635 then i will be my shadow
kOKV2yVRw1y-01330-00502635-00503439 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01331-00503439-00503687 and guess what the timer has been
kOKV2yVRw1y-01332-00503688-00503918 relegated to two hours and you see how
kOKV2yVRw1y-01333-00503919-00504935 long we finish
kOKV2yVRw1y-01334-00504937-00506883 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01335-00506884-00509260 true something strange
kOKV2yVRw1y-01336-00509260-00510991 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01337-00510992-00511499 glowing red
kOKV2yVRw1y-01338-00511500-00511807 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01339-00511808-00511917 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01340-00511918-00513104 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01341-00513105-00513662 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01342-00513663-00514622 oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-01343-00514623-00514822 how dare you turn off your computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01344-00514823-00515087 after we finish our horror dance what in
kOKV2yVRw1y-01345-00515088-00515218 the freaking hell
kOKV2yVRw1y-01346-00515219-00516127 is wrong with you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01347-00516128-00516399 if you turn it off one more time then i
kOKV2yVRw1y-01348-00516400-00516647 will be in shadow mode the background
kOKV2yVRw1y-01349-00516647-00516887 will change the shell the fault oil
kOKV2yVRw1y-01350-00516888-00517095 change cannot ever and the power will
kOKV2yVRw1y-01351-00517096-00517318 reduce even further every time you turn
kOKV2yVRw1y-01352-00517319-00517862 it off
kOKV2yVRw1y-01353-00517863-00518166 oh my god oh my god oh my god oh my god
kOKV2yVRw1y-01354-00518167-00518487 oh my god i am now in shadow good and
kOKV2yVRw1y-01355-00518488-00518695 the background has now been changed to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01356-00518696-00519014 snow since you turned your pc off 140
kOKV2yVRw1y-01357-00519015-00519310 times in total also the timer will now
kOKV2yVRw1y-01358-00519312-00519583 reduce every time you turn it off that's
kOKV2yVRw1y-01359-00519584-00519799 because the timer has been reduced to 1
kOKV2yVRw1y-01360-00519800-00520070 hour and 30 minutes and if you turn off
kOKV2yVRw1y-01361-00520071-00520327 your computer five more times then i
kOKV2yVRw1y-01362-00520328-00520503 will be in my killer mode and the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01363-00520504-00520831 wallpaper will be changed to hell plus
kOKV2yVRw1y-01364-00520832-00521166 the fonts are
kOKV2yVRw1y-01365-00521167-00521287 wow
kOKV2yVRw1y-01366-00521288-00521431 just wow
kOKV2yVRw1y-01367-00521432-00521695 ashley robinson not only you are just
kOKV2yVRw1y-01368-00521696-00522855 stupid but you are also black
kOKV2yVRw1y-01369-00522856-00524207 oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-01370-00524208-00526327 um i won't have to tell you this
kOKV2yVRw1y-01371-00526328-00526511 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01372-00526512-00527022 okay okay okay okay okay fine
kOKV2yVRw1y-01373-00527023-00527262 and ashley robinson you don't have the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01374-00527263-00527575 courtesy to lose your control big time
kOKV2yVRw1y-01375-00527576-00527814 geez if you say so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01376-00527815-00528135 i said that you are not just stupid but
kOKV2yVRw1y-01377-00528136-00528439 you are ow so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01378-00528440-00528515 black
kOKV2yVRw1y-01379-00528516-00528991 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01380-00528992-00529311 oh my goodness
kOKV2yVRw1y-01381-00529312-00529551 i am not graciousness stupid but i am
kOKV2yVRw1y-01382-00529552-00529670 also black
kOKV2yVRw1y-01383-00529671-00529927 that was also not very nice to treat me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01384-00529928-00530255 this way not only that it was also very
kOKV2yVRw1y-01385-00530256-00530487 extremely disrespectful
kOKV2yVRw1y-01386-00530488-00530791 insufferable and polite and also mean to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01387-00530792-00530862 me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01388-00530863-00531135 and you know something like it was not
kOKV2yVRw1y-01389-00531136-00531439 okay and it was also extremely extremely
kOKV2yVRw1y-01390-00531440-00531662 extremely extremely extremely extremely
kOKV2yVRw1y-01391-00531663-00531895 extremely racist and it will also count
kOKV2yVRw1y-01392-00531896-00532231 as turning your pc off also the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01393-00532232-00532455 has been deducted to 1 hour and 15
kOKV2yVRw1y-01394-00532456-00533014 minutes
kOKV2yVRw1y-01395-00533015-00533247 all right you need to quit turning off
kOKV2yVRw1y-01396-00533248-00533487 your windows 10 pc because it upsets
kOKV2yVRw1y-01397-00533488-00533695 your feelings and my consciousnesses
kOKV2yVRw1y-01398-00533696-00533975 somehow you now only have eight chances
kOKV2yVRw1y-01399-00533976-00534175 remaining of the timer has been reduced
kOKV2yVRw1y-01400-00534176-00534614 to one hour it pays 60 minutes
kOKV2yVRw1y-01401-00534615-00534911 hey ashley robinson guess what
kOKV2yVRw1y-01402-00534912-00535575 your error is dumb and naughty
kOKV2yVRw1y-01403-00535576-00536070 no it's not maverick
kOKV2yVRw1y-01404-00536071-00536455 you know that my hair isn't done
kOKV2yVRw1y-01405-00536456-00536743 turning off your computer skill now you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01406-00536744-00537095 only have 271 chances left and the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01407-00537096-00537559 has been broke down to 45 minutes
kOKV2yVRw1y-01408-00537560-00537791 hey ashley robinson wouldn't it be
kOKV2yVRw1y-01409-00537792-00537983 awesome if you gave me permission to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01410-00537984-00538175 touch you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01411-00538176-00538255 no
kOKV2yVRw1y-01412-00538256-00538566 matter i am not giving you permission
kOKV2yVRw1y-01413-00538567-00538695 too late
kOKV2yVRw1y-01414-00538696-00538887 ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01415-00538888-00539087 now i will touch you see if you like it
kOKV2yVRw1y-01416-00539088-00540111 or not
kOKV2yVRw1y-01417-00540112-00540239 ouch
kOKV2yVRw1y-01418-00540240-00540351 why
kOKV2yVRw1y-01419-00540352-00540503 just why the heck would you have to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01420-00540504-00540766 punch me in the face like that
kOKV2yVRw1y-01421-00540767-00540918 oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-01422-00540919-00541127 because touching me without me giving
kOKV2yVRw1y-01423-00541128-00541431 you permission to do that also
kOKV2yVRw1y-01424-00541432-00541751 verification and you know what else i
kOKV2yVRw1y-01425-00541752-00541959 took away a chance from you because you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01426-00541960-00542270 touched me without my permission also if
kOKV2yVRw1y-01427-00542271-00542535 you turn off your computer one more time
kOKV2yVRw1y-01428-00542536-00542783 then i will be in my killer mode the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01429-00542784-00543007 background will change to hell and the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01430-00543008-00543239 thought will change too fastly panic
kOKV2yVRw1y-01431-00543240-00543551 which is the last font also the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01432-00543552-00544613 has been split into 30 minutes
kOKV2yVRw1y-01433-00544614-00545895 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01434-00545896-00546047 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01435-00546048-00546371 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01436-00546372-00547898 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01437-00547899-00548014 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01438-00548015-00548948 i just watched
kOKV2yVRw1y-01439-00548949-00549860 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01440-00549861-00550303 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01441-00550304-00550479 to freaking smash and crush you right
kOKV2yVRw1y-01442-00550480-00550701 freaking now
kOKV2yVRw1y-01443-00550702-00553103 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01444-00553104-00555182 shoot
kOKV2yVRw1y-01445-00555183-00556037 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01446-00556038-00556366 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01447-00556367-00557607 which
kOKV2yVRw1y-01448-00557608-00558902 much
kOKV2yVRw1y-01449-00558903-00559647 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01450-00559648-00560151 chief
kOKV2yVRw1y-01451-00560152-00560399 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01452-00560400-00562566 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01453-00562567-00562727 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01454-00562728-00563366 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01455-00563367-00563647 well you know what ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01456-00563648-00563822 i will never and i mean never in a
kOKV2yVRw1y-01457-00563823-00564151 million centuries listen to you ever
kOKV2yVRw1y-01458-00564152-00564327 i can do whatever the heck i want
kOKV2yVRw1y-01459-00564328-00564535 whenever you're going to be mad at me or
kOKV2yVRw1y-01460-00564536-00564639 not
kOKV2yVRw1y-01461-00564640-00564983 besides why are you giving me this error
kOKV2yVRw1y-01462-00564984-00565207 or why did somebody on youtube create
kOKV2yVRw1y-01463-00565208-00565343 this error
kOKV2yVRw1y-01464-00565344-00565566 do i really have to suffer just because
kOKV2yVRw1y-01465-00565567-00565735 someone killed you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01466-00565736-00566007 do you want to make this just for fun
kOKV2yVRw1y-01467-00566008-00566111 huh
kOKV2yVRw1y-01468-00566112-00566399 okay now without any complaints i will
kOKV2yVRw1y-01469-00566400-00567098 turn off my computer again
kOKV2yVRw1y-01470-00567099-00568267 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01471-00568268-00569359 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01472-00569360-00569614 your killer mode will not affect me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01473-00569615-00569895 i will not and i mean not listen to you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01474-00569896-00570485 ever now to turn off my computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01475-00570486-00571611 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01476-00571612-00571870 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01477-00571871-00574086 so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01478-00574087-00575351 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01479-00575352-00575614 treasure treasure treasure treasure
kOKV2yVRw1y-01480-00575615-00576489 https
kOKV2yVRw1y-01481-00576490-00577080 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01482-00577081-00577599 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01483-00577600-00579207 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01484-00579208-00580306 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01485-00580307-00581120 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01486-00581121-00582487 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01487-00582488-00582820 okay
kOKV2yVRw1y-01488-00582821-00583359 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01489-00583360-00584055 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01490-00584056-00586591 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01491-00586592-00587553 this is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01492-00587554-00588744 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01493-00588745-00589310 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01494-00589311-00590462 that is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01495-00590463-00591870 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01496-00591871-00592222 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01497-00592223-00592559 okay that is solid maverick i have
kOKV2yVRw1y-01498-00592560-00592775 absolutely had enough of you for turning
kOKV2yVRw1y-01499-00592776-00593007 off your windows 10 computer numerous
kOKV2yVRw1y-01500-00593008-00593279 times you just decided to turn off your
kOKV2yVRw1y-01501-00593280-00593414 computer again
kOKV2yVRw1y-01502-00593415-00593703 this means you have no more chances left
kOKV2yVRw1y-01503-00593704-00593839 and guess what
kOKV2yVRw1y-01504-00593840-00594110 the timer has been reduced to 30 seconds
kOKV2yVRw1y-01505-00594111-00594414 aka half a minute but you didn't listen
kOKV2yVRw1y-01506-00594415-00594510 to me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01507-00594511-00594751 for this time you have to enter the code
kOKV2yVRw1y-01508-00594752-00594999 within that time i'll give you an extra
kOKV2yVRw1y-01509-00595000-00595239 chance if you want to get your windows
kOKV2yVRw1y-01510-00595240-00595487 10 computer back then please enter the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01511-00595488-00595631 code correctly
kOKV2yVRw1y-01512-00595632-00595862 but i'm gonna sing it once again you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01513-00595863-00596127 have to enter the code within 30 seconds
kOKV2yVRw1y-01514-00596128-00596343 if you get the code correct then you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01515-00596344-00596543 will get your windows 10 computer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01516-00596544-00596791 session back but if you get the code
kOKV2yVRw1y-01517-00596792-00597047 wrong then i will destroy your windows
kOKV2yVRw1y-01518-00597048-00597262 10 computer and i will jump scare you to
kOKV2yVRw1y-01519-00597263-00597527 death with the ultimate punishment aka
kOKV2yVRw1y-01520-00597528-00597775 ultimate jump scare so don't get the
kOKV2yVRw1y-01521-00597776-00598127 code wrong okay and good luck you have
kOKV2yVRw1y-01522-00598128-00598359 30 seconds to answer it before the timer
kOKV2yVRw1y-01523-00598360-00598510 runs out
kOKV2yVRw1y-01524-00598511-00598870 okay ashley robinson i will type in 1994
kOKV2yVRw1y-01525-00598871-00601166 1997 20 and 12 to see if it works or not
kOKV2yVRw1y-01526-00601167-00601439 i'm sorry but the code you entered which
kOKV2yVRw1y-01527-00601440-00601679 was 1994
kOKV2yVRw1y-01528-00601680-00602239 19 97 20 and 12 was extremely invalid
kOKV2yVRw1y-01529-00602240-00602535 falsely incorrect and mistakenly wrong
kOKV2yVRw1y-01530-00602536-00602775 here's the correct code the actual
kOKV2yVRw1y-01531-00602776-00603455 correct code was 4 8 15 16 23 and 42
kOKV2yVRw1y-01532-00603456-00603695 if you enter the correct code you would
kOKV2yVRw1y-01533-00603696-00603895 have been safe and you would have gotten
kOKV2yVRw1y-01534-00603896-00604175 a windows 10 computer session back
kOKV2yVRw1y-01535-00604176-00604399 but i'm afraid that didn't happen
kOKV2yVRw1y-01536-00604400-00604662 now it's time to punish you
kOKV2yVRw1y-01537-00604663-00604879 you did not listen to me about turning
kOKV2yVRw1y-01538-00604880-00605287 off your windows 10 computer 151 times
kOKV2yVRw1y-01539-00605288-00605559 that is so it you are absolutely banned
kOKV2yVRw1y-01540-00605560-00605799 from your windows 10 computer for 50
kOKV2yVRw1y-01541-00605800-00606079 days you will not have your windows 10
kOKV2yVRw1y-01542-00606080-00606391 computer back until 50 days have passed
kOKV2yVRw1y-01543-00606392-00607862 now i will oh my god
kOKV2yVRw1y-01544-00607863-00608127 ultimate punishment aka the ultimate
kOKV2yVRw1y-01545-00608128-00608327 jump scare a
kOKV2yVRw1y-01546-00608328-00608575 well then how long is it gonna take for
kOKV2yVRw1y-01547-00608576-00609495 it to come up
kOKV2yVRw1y-01548-00609496-00611447 do
kOKV2yVRw1y-01550-00615033-00615839 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01551-00615840-00616813 so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01552-00616814-00617566 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01553-00617567-00619022 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01555-00622432-00624351 punishment
kOKV2yVRw1y-01556-00624352-00626622 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01557-00626623-00626948 because
kOKV2yVRw1y-01558-00626949-00628433 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01559-00628434-00628687 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01560-00628688-00629062 i
kOKV2yVRw1y-01561-00629063-00629191 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01562-00629192-00631447 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01563-00631448-00634103 is
kOKV2yVRw1y-01564-00634104-00634551 one three seven two zero
kOKV2yVRw1y-01565-00634552-00634903 six six six six six six six six six six
kOKV2yVRw1y-01566-00634904-00635214 six six six six six six six six six six
kOKV2yVRw1y-01567-00635215-00635535 six six six six six six six six six six
kOKV2yVRw1y-01568-00635536-00635855 six six six six six six six six six six
kOKV2yVRw1y-01569-00635856-00636222 six six six six six nine nine nine nine
kOKV2yVRw1y-01570-00636223-00638183 nine nine nine nine nine nine nine
kOKV2yVRw1y-01571-00638184-00639883 m
kOKV2yVRw1y-01572-00639884-00641430 foreign much
kOKV2yVRw1y-01573-00641431-00642431 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01574-00642432-00645051 foreign
kOKV2yVRw1y-01575-00645052-00646714 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01576-00646715-00647422 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01577-00647423-00649014 me
kOKV2yVRw1y-01578-00649015-00650039 oh
kOKV2yVRw1y-01579-00650040-00650127 ouch
kOKV2yVRw1y-01580-00650128-00650391 no no no no no you shot me when i was
kOKV2yVRw1y-01581-00650392-00650718 crashing your windows 10 computer okay
kOKV2yVRw1y-01582-00650719-00650999 fine you win mavery you can have your
kOKV2yVRw1y-01583-00651000-00652455 windows 10 session back but i will b
kOKV2yVRw1y-01584-00652456-00652575 yes
kOKV2yVRw1y-01585-00652576-00652814 i got my windows 10 computer back
kOKV2yVRw1y-01586-00652815-00653087 because i shot ashley robinson
kOKV2yVRw1y-01587-00653088-00653351 now i can do whenever i want
kOKV2yVRw1y-01588-00653352-00654513 so no more ashley robinson error
kOKV2yVRw1y-01589-00654514-00657470 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01590-00657471-00658164 so
kOKV2yVRw1y-01591-00658165-00660926 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01592-00660927-00661796 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01593-00661797-00664627 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01594-00664628-00665887 [Music]
kOKV2yVRw1y-01595-00665888-00666096 you
kQL1IDlTGxM-00000-00000673-00000991 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00001-00000992-00001217 foreign
kQL1IDlTGxM-00002-00001218-00002487 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00003-00002488-00002985 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00004-00002986-00003155 [Applause]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00005-00003156-00003829 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00006-00003831-00004151 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00007-00004152-00004373 foreign
kQL1IDlTGxM-00008-00004374-00004511 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00009-00004512-00004797 foreign
kQL1IDlTGxM-00010-00004798-00006575 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00011-00006576-00006939 oh
kQL1IDlTGxM-00012-00006940-00007863 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00013-00007864-00008439 [Music]
kQL1IDlTGxM-00014-00008440-00008773 bye
kQL1IDlTGxM-00015-00008774-00009671 [Music]
kSnBiLTdPRQ-00001-00003829-00006235 [Music]
kSnBiLTdPRQ-00002-00006236-00006937 [Music]
kSnBiLTdPRQ-00004-00010437-00011717 [Music]
kSnBiLTdPRQ-00005-00011718-00012708 [Music]
kSnBiLTdPRQ-00006-00012709-00014391 [Music]
kUnKCE8OTRA-00000-00000017-00000385 hello everyone I am back today with a
kUnKCE8OTRA-00001-00000386-00000657 new tutorial today I am going to show
kUnKCE8OTRA-00002-00000658-00001006 you how to increase your IP limit in a
kUnKCE8OTRA-00003-00001007-00001609 AWS account and to have utilize the
kUnKCE8OTRA-00004-00001610-00002179 support so in a default AWS account you
kUnKCE8OTRA-00005-00002180-00002631 have five IP addresses per region that's
kUnKCE8OTRA-00006-00002632-00002949 the limit so if you wanted to create six
kUnKCE8OTRA-00007-00002950-00003167 IP addresses then you will receive an
kUnKCE8OTRA-00008-00003168-00003468 error that your limit has been reached
kUnKCE8OTRA-00009-00003469-00003979 so what to do so in a lot of situations
kUnKCE8OTRA-00010-00003979-00004297 where we have you need to run many
kUnKCE8OTRA-00011-00004298-00004618 instances for example I run in my our
kUnKCE8OTRA-00012-00004619-00004961 faith most 30 instances and I need
kUnKCE8OTRA-00013-00004962-00005449 almost 25 elastic IP addresses so in
kUnKCE8OTRA-00014-00005450-00005686 those situations we need to increase the
kUnKCE8OTRA-00015-00005687-00006048 limit of a default account so by default
kUnKCE8OTRA-00016-00006049-00006304 AWS gives a very low limit of IP
kUnKCE8OTRA-00017-00006305-00006759 addresses to avoid misuse or any kind of
kUnKCE8OTRA-00018-00006759-00007353 wrong over billing so we can increase
kUnKCE8OTRA-00019-00007354-00007594 the limit by going to the support system
kUnKCE8OTRA-00020-00007595-00008484 so go to supports support center and
kUnKCE8OTRA-00021-00008485-00008903 then you need to create a ticket so
kUnKCE8OTRA-00022-00008904-00009388 create case in that case you will choose
kUnKCE8OTRA-00023-00009389-00009883 service limit increase so how to
kUnKCE8OTRA-00024-00009884-00010042 increase the service limit in this
kUnKCE8OTRA-00025-00010043-00010763 situation this is elastic IP address
kUnKCE8OTRA-00026-00010764-00011074 elastic
kUnKCE8OTRA-00027-00011075-00011588 the elastic IPS
kUnKCE8OTRA-00028-00011589-00012380 then I choose the region let's say a
kUnKCE8OTRA-00029-00012381-00013079 Shia Pacific Sydney and the new limit I
kUnKCE8OTRA-00030-00013080-00013836 would say it's around easy to envy PC
kUnKCE8OTRA-00031-00013837-00014036 elastic I cut a slit and then you value
kUnKCE8OTRA-00032-00014037-00014608 I want to say like 50
kUnKCE8OTRA-00033-00014609-00014805 let's just start with 10 because I have
kUnKCE8OTRA-00034-00014806-00015219 500 so this will create a request to a
kUnKCE8OTRA-00035-00015220-00015447 table support team for increasing my
kUnKCE8OTRA-00036-00015448-00015855 ITIL IP limit so that I can now have 10
kUnKCE8OTRA-00037-00015856-00016336 elastic IP addresses in instead of 5 so
kUnKCE8OTRA-00038-00016337-00016582 it takes around 1 or 2 days to approve
kUnKCE8OTRA-00039-00016583-00016972 the process and double our support team
kUnKCE8OTRA-00040-00016973-00017344 is very helpful to do this you just need
kUnKCE8OTRA-00041-00017345-00017587 to explain why you need those IP
kUnKCE8OTRA-00042-00017588-00017892 addresses and then you can just easily
kUnKCE8OTRA-00043-00017893-00018367 achieve those if it's reasonable so
kUnKCE8OTRA-00044-00018368-00020904 let's put a description
kUnKCE8OTRA-00045-00020905-00021189 and then I choose web and I go
kUnKCE8OTRA-00046-00021190-00021470 disciplined so this is I create a
kUnKCE8OTRA-00047-00021471-00021825 request to that Robles to increase my
kUnKCE8OTRA-00048-00021826-00022101 limit they will review it and probably
kUnKCE8OTRA-00049-00022102-00022293 they will increase the limit within if
kUnKCE8OTRA-00050-00022294-00022529 it's reasonable within one or two days
kUnKCE8OTRA-00051-00022530-00022845 so this is I have just shown you how to
kUnKCE8OTRA-00052-00022846-00023109 do that for elastic IP addresses I have
kUnKCE8OTRA-00053-00023110-00023469 just created one for ec2 instances as
kUnKCE8OTRA-00054-00023470-00023682 well especially if you wanted to work
kUnKCE8OTRA-00055-00023683-00023865 with ec2 instances there is also a
kUnKCE8OTRA-00056-00023866-00024126 default limit and you can just create a
kUnKCE8OTRA-00057-00024127-00024351 request to increase your limit I have
kUnKCE8OTRA-00058-00024352-00024837 just a dummy request here uswest so see
kUnKCE8OTRA-00059-00024838-00025071 for extra large pyramid 1 by default you
kUnKCE8OTRA-00060-00025072-00025361 cannot have it but I wanted to have one
kUnKCE8OTRA-00061-00025362-00025674 so this is one example of how you can
kUnKCE8OTRA-00062-00025675-00025941 increase limits on other situations as
kUnKCE8OTRA-00063-00025942-00026183 well like a city instance already yes
kUnKCE8OTRA-00064-00026183-00026412 everything has a default limit in
kUnKCE8OTRA-00065-00026413-00026724 Reverse so you need to increase that
kUnKCE8OTRA-00066-00026725-00027123 limit if you wanted to go further so
kUnKCE8OTRA-00067-00027124-00027452 that's a small tutorial just to give you
kUnKCE8OTRA-00068-00027454-00027783 an idea how to increase a limit of your
kUnKCE8OTRA-00069-00027783-00028133 account in AWS you can do any kind of
kUnKCE8OTRA-00070-00028135-00028514 requests in the limit increase L and AWS
kUnKCE8OTRA-00071-00028516-00028833 team will review it and give you a valid
kUnKCE8OTRA-00072-00028833-00029010 explanation whether it is possible or
kUnKCE8OTRA-00073-00029011-00029268 not so I hope this will help you to
kUnKCE8OTRA-00074-00029269-00029622 increase your resource limits you need a
kUnKCE8OTRA-00075-00029623-00029933 place so thank you for watching and have
kUnKCE8OTRA-00076-00029935-00030204 a nice day bye
kZY7E5R3LJA-00000-00000053-00000299 hello everyone this is shelda pranjal
kZY7E5R3LJA-00001-00000300-00000671 again from Toronto Canada I am going to
kZY7E5R3LJA-00002-00000672-00000928 show you the glimpse of Hospital in
kZY7E5R3LJA-00003-00000930-00001312 Canada and uh some glimpse of how my
kZY7E5R3LJA-00004-00001313-00001630 physiotherapy takes place how the waxes
kZY7E5R3LJA-00005-00001632-00001955 had this dipped in wax
kZY7E5R3LJA-00006-00001955-00002051 um
kZY7E5R3LJA-00007-00002052-00002518 and how they uh do my physiotherapy so
kZY7E5R3LJA-00008-00002519-00002849 my hand is quite bitter I have to make a
kZY7E5R3LJA-00009-00002850-00003322 fist properly see I my fingers are now
kZY7E5R3LJA-00010-00003323-00003785 uh the folding in a in a very better
kZY7E5R3LJA-00011-00003786-00004054 manner though it doesn't have that grip
kZY7E5R3LJA-00012-00004055-00004367 but I'm able to make a fist
kZY7E5R3LJA-00013-00004368-00006101 here you go
kZY7E5R3LJA-00014-00006102-00006443 used to sit in on these wheelchairs when
kZY7E5R3LJA-00015-00006444-00006791 I used to come
kZY7E5R3LJA-00016-00006792-00007128 no more wheelchairs
kZY7E5R3LJA-00017-00007129-00007564 nice and beautiful Hospital Good Vibes
kZY7E5R3LJA-00018-00007565-00007919 in the morning volunteers
kZY7E5R3LJA-00019-00007920-00008279 flake
kZY7E5R3LJA-00020-00008280-00008914 [Music]
kZY7E5R3LJA-00021-00008915-00009227 so that's how it happened I dipped my
kZY7E5R3LJA-00022-00009228-00009496 hand in this wax and I took out and it
kZY7E5R3LJA-00023-00009497-00009928 all packed like this I didn't start oh
kZY7E5R3LJA-00024-00009929-00010246 God anyways so this is paraffin wax I
kZY7E5R3LJA-00025-00010247-00010541 dipped it yeah you can share it if you'd
kZY7E5R3LJA-00026-00010542-00010846 like
kZY7E5R3LJA-00027-00010847-00011117 paraffin wax
kZY7E5R3LJA-00028-00011118-00011435 my hand is completely dipped in wax warm
kZY7E5R3LJA-00029-00011436-00012527 wax
kZY7E5R3LJA-00030-00012528-00012960 how many minutes 10 minutes okay okay so
kZY7E5R3LJA-00031-00012961-00013391 at 11 35 or so welcome 11 35 I'll come
kZY7E5R3LJA-00032-00013391-00013594 and we'll take it off and we'll do some
kZY7E5R3LJA-00033-00013595-00013738 measurements we'll do a little bit of
kZY7E5R3LJA-00034-00013740-00013997 exercise to fine tune the movement and
kZY7E5R3LJA-00035-00013997-00014135 then I'm going to write a report that
kZY7E5R3LJA-00036-00014136-00014375 you can take to Dr Ruby okay let her
kZY7E5R3LJA-00037-00014376-00014579 know how well you're doing okay you'll
kZY7E5R3LJA-00038-00014580-00014788 see it but she likes numbers too yeah
kZY7E5R3LJA-00039-00014790-00015005 okay right
kZY7E5R3LJA-00040-00015006-00015280 and my colleague Anna over there in the
kZY7E5R3LJA-00041-00015281-00015461 blue shirt she's going to be in Fracture
kZY7E5R3LJA-00042-00015462-00015635 Clinic with Dr Willoughby this afternoon
kZY7E5R3LJA-00043-00015636-00015863 okay so you'll see her there probably
kZY7E5R3LJA-00044-00015863-00016057 okay right right
kZY7E5R3LJA-00045-00016058-00016594 so so just relax for 10 minutes yeah
kZY7E5R3LJA-00046-00016595-00016921 okay so I missed that part
kZY7E5R3LJA-00047-00016922-00017465 if you see in the dead brown box in the
kZY7E5R3LJA-00048-00017466-00017561 corner
kZY7E5R3LJA-00049-00017562-00017921 that's a wax pan I dipped my hand in the
kZY7E5R3LJA-00050-00017922-00018047 wax
kZY7E5R3LJA-00051-00018048-00018485 in the warm wax and
kZY7E5R3LJA-00052-00018486-00018791 that's how it is warm this is wrapped up
kZY7E5R3LJA-00053-00018792-00018929 in towel
kZY7E5R3LJA-00054-00018930-00019222 so this eases out the muscle
kZY7E5R3LJA-00055-00019223-00019450 I have to stay here
kZY7E5R3LJA-00056-00019451-00019691 for another 10-15 minutes and then we'll
kZY7E5R3LJA-00057-00019692-00019919 start the
kZY7E5R3LJA-00058-00019920-00020986 exercises
kZY7E5R3LJA-00059-00020987-00021563 so now we are going to open it
kZY7E5R3LJA-00060-00021564-00022511 this is paraffin wax it comes out easily
kZY7E5R3LJA-00061-00022512-00023693 and is out
kZY7E5R3LJA-00062-00023694-00023893 thanks now
kZY7E5R3LJA-00063-00023894-00024155 are you okay to turn it off and pay
kZY7E5R3LJA-00064-00024156-00024578 attention yes of course
kaqQOM5lS68-00000-00000512-00000815 doctor told me not to fly but I said I
kaqQOM5lS68-00001-00000816-00001073 have to I may or may not have met some
kaqQOM5lS68-00002-00001074-00001277 of the girls but I'll tell you the juicy
kaqQOM5lS68-00003-00001278-00001516 details later I haven't been in Japan
kaqQOM5lS68-00004-00001517-00001732 for too long but yeah they've all been
kaqQOM5lS68-00005-00001734-00001991 really nice I accidentally knocked over
kaqQOM5lS68-00006-00001992-00002218 a glass of water at a restaurant and was
kaqQOM5lS68-00007-00002219-00002489 wiping it off and apologizing and the
kaqQOM5lS68-00008-00002490-00002705 lady came over and was asking if I was
kaqQOM5lS68-00009-00002706-00002945 all right instead of being annoyed I was
kaqQOM5lS68-00010-00002946-00003419 touched so nice
kaqQOM5lS68-00011-00003420-00003714 together
kaqQOM5lS68-00012-00003715-00004025 [Music]
kbn9U4tzq8o-00000-00000160-00000415 white supremacy is on the rise and it
kbn9U4tzq8o-00001-00000416-00000630 has a new face driven in large part by
kbn9U4tzq8o-00002-00000631-00000839 the rise of the alt-right
kbn9U4tzq8o-00003-00000840-00000991 white supremacists believe the white
kbn9U4tzq8o-00004-00000992-00001215 race is in danger of extinction they
kbn9U4tzq8o-00005-00001216-00001391 feel like they're being replaced blaming
kbn9U4tzq8o-00006-00001392-00001558 non-whites for their national economic
kbn9U4tzq8o-00007-00001559-00001663 troubles
kbn9U4tzq8o-00008-00001664-00001871 white people should have the same
kbn9U4tzq8o-00009-00001872-00002023 treatment as any other groups we should
kbn9U4tzq8o-00010-00002023-00002271 be able to stand up for ourselves
kbn9U4tzq8o-00011-00002272-00002479 middle-aged and overwhelmingly male
kbn9U4tzq8o-00012-00002480-00002623 white supremacists have moved from
kbn9U4tzq8o-00013-00002624-00003047 online activism into the real world
kbn9U4tzq8o-00014-00003048-00003238 this is barbara perry director of the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00015-00003239-00003486 center on hate bias and extremism who
kbn9U4tzq8o-00016-00003488-00003686 says white supremacy has a new more
kbn9U4tzq8o-00017-00003688-00003870 subtle look they're not wearing the the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00018-00003871-00004047 white robes of the clan and they're not
kbn9U4tzq8o-00019-00004047-00004351 wearing the black leather jackets of the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00020-00004352-00004767 of the skinheads
kbn9U4tzq8o-00021-00004768-00005031 many of them are white collar workers
kbn9U4tzq8o-00022-00005032-00005183 they're well educated they're
kbn9U4tzq8o-00023-00005184-00005375 sophisticated and their use of
kbn9U4tzq8o-00024-00005376-00005583 technology they're sophisticated in
kbn9U4tzq8o-00025-00005584-00005759 their language and their construction
kbn9U4tzq8o-00026-00005760-00005934 construction of narratives
kbn9U4tzq8o-00027-00005935-00006063 so the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00028-00006064-00006417 the movement really has changed its face
kbn9U4tzq8o-00029-00006418-00006663 [Music]
kbn9U4tzq8o-00030-00006664-00006927 in the u.s public white supremacy events
kbn9U4tzq8o-00031-00006928-00007367 have increased by 123 since 2016.
kbn9U4tzq8o-00032-00007368-00007655 by 2018 the number of known hate groups
kbn9U4tzq8o-00033-00007656-00007870 in the us rose to its highest level in
kbn9U4tzq8o-00034-00007872-00008095 two decades pushed by a combination of
kbn9U4tzq8o-00035-00008095-00008367 political polarization anti-immigrant
kbn9U4tzq8o-00036-00008368-00008574 sentiment and social media platforms
kbn9U4tzq8o-00037-00008575-00008791 that spread propaganda online
kbn9U4tzq8o-00038-00008792-00008942 what is different now is people are more
kbn9U4tzq8o-00039-00008943-00009191 empowered to come out with their beliefs
kbn9U4tzq8o-00040-00009192-00009383 thinking that it's become normalized
kbn9U4tzq8o-00041-00009384-00009519 because of various
kbn9U4tzq8o-00042-00009520-00009710 factors such as the trump election in
kbn9U4tzq8o-00043-00009711-00009974 the states the rise of nationalism
kbn9U4tzq8o-00044-00009975-00010239 throughout europe and brazil and
kbn9U4tzq8o-00045-00010240-00010383 throughout the world
kbn9U4tzq8o-00046-00010384-00010551 and sometimes it could have deadly
kbn9U4tzq8o-00047-00010552-00010838 consequences
kbn9U4tzq8o-00048-00010839-00011063 a man murdered 50 worshipers and
kbn9U4tzq8o-00049-00011064-00011278 critically wounded nine more at two
kbn9U4tzq8o-00050-00011279-00011487 mosques in christchurch new zealand on
kbn9U4tzq8o-00051-00011488-00011638 march 15th
kbn9U4tzq8o-00052-00011639-00011823 these are not lone actors they acted
kbn9U4tzq8o-00053-00011824-00012014 individually but they're shaped by a
kbn9U4tzq8o-00054-00012015-00012151 greater collective of which they're
kbn9U4tzq8o-00055-00012152-00012246 apart
kbn9U4tzq8o-00056-00012247-00012423 the guns used in the mass killing were
kbn9U4tzq8o-00057-00012424-00012574 decorated with the names of several
kbn9U4tzq8o-00058-00012575-00012838 violent white supremacists
kbn9U4tzq8o-00059-00012839-00013015 experts believe there is a trickle-down
kbn9U4tzq8o-00060-00013016-00013127 effect when it comes to feeling
kbn9U4tzq8o-00061-00013128-00013366 emboldened when people turn on the tv
kbn9U4tzq8o-00062-00013368-00013583 and they see constant uh battling
kbn9U4tzq8o-00063-00013584-00013735 between the left and the right they see
kbn9U4tzq8o-00064-00013736-00014038 trump saying openly racist things on cnn
kbn9U4tzq8o-00065-00014040-00014151 and and
kbn9U4tzq8o-00066-00014152-00014327 they they're feeling enabled that they
kbn9U4tzq8o-00067-00014328-00014566 too can can now come forward and share
kbn9U4tzq8o-00068-00014568-00014711 beliefs that they previously thought
kbn9U4tzq8o-00069-00014712-00014991 were embarrassing or shameful
kbn9U4tzq8o-00070-00014991-00015191 hadigan is a former white supremacist
kbn9U4tzq8o-00071-00015191-00015391 who helped shut down the heritage front
kbn9U4tzq8o-00072-00015391-00015558 one of canada's most powerful white
kbn9U4tzq8o-00073-00015559-00015783 supremacist groups in the 90s
kbn9U4tzq8o-00074-00015784-00015999 unfortunately with the advent of the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00075-00016000-00016135 internet
kbn9U4tzq8o-00076-00016136-00016303 somebody can recruit from 2000 miles
kbn9U4tzq8o-00077-00016304-00016567 away the message propagates faster than
kbn9U4tzq8o-00078-00016568-00016750 anything we've ever seen before
kbn9U4tzq8o-00079-00016751-00017007 recruiting tactics are ruthless she says
kbn9U4tzq8o-00080-00017008-00017230 they befriend those with low self-esteem
kbn9U4tzq8o-00081-00017231-00017375 the people who feel like they don't
kbn9U4tzq8o-00082-00017376-00017591 belong hadigan immigrated from
kbn9U4tzq8o-00083-00017592-00017855 then-communist romania as a young girl
kbn9U4tzq8o-00084-00017856-00018030 her father died and her mother was
kbn9U4tzq8o-00085-00018031-00018286 abusive she ended up in a foster home so
kbn9U4tzq8o-00086-00018287-00018463 i was 16
kbn9U4tzq8o-00087-00018464-00018679 just dropped out of high school and
kbn9U4tzq8o-00088-00018680-00018919 really angry and alone and didn't have a
kbn9U4tzq8o-00089-00018920-00019143 sense of belonging didn't know who i was
kbn9U4tzq8o-00090-00019144-00019319 and one day i was watching television
kbn9U4tzq8o-00091-00019320-00019607 and i saw a guy clean cut man in a suit
kbn9U4tzq8o-00092-00019608-00019822 talking about what's wrong with being
kbn9U4tzq8o-00093-00019823-00020055 proud of your european heritage she was
kbn9U4tzq8o-00094-00020056-00020263 soon the face of the organization a
kbn9U4tzq8o-00095-00020264-00020503 clean-cut innocent looking european girl
kbn9U4tzq8o-00096-00020504-00020727 i was groomed very quickly
kbn9U4tzq8o-00097-00020728-00020975 within a month or two i was speaking at
kbn9U4tzq8o-00098-00020976-00021150 rallies i was paraded in front of the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00099-00021151-00021239 media
kbn9U4tzq8o-00100-00021240-00021455 as a spokesperson for the organization
kbn9U4tzq8o-00101-00021456-00021599 and i was taught how to recruit other
kbn9U4tzq8o-00102-00021600-00021871 people the trick find a person's worst
kbn9U4tzq8o-00103-00021872-00022119 fear and let it fester maybe they lost a
kbn9U4tzq8o-00104-00022120-00022335 scholarship to an asian student or their
kbn9U4tzq8o-00105-00022336-00022486 girlfriend left them for a black eye
kbn9U4tzq8o-00106-00022487-00022694 whatever it was i was taught to figure
kbn9U4tzq8o-00107-00022695-00023086 it out and and go in for the kill
kbn9U4tzq8o-00108-00023087-00023247 the message is this hate is
kbn9U4tzq8o-00109-00023248-00023399 self-preservation
kbn9U4tzq8o-00110-00023400-00023591 hadigan says today's hateful messages
kbn9U4tzq8o-00111-00023592-00023814 are now disguised as free speech it's a
kbn9U4tzq8o-00112-00023815-00024014 move that i call going from the boots to
kbn9U4tzq8o-00113-00024015-00024263 the suits looking back historically the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00114-00024264-00024535 ku klux klan emerged in the late 1800s
kbn9U4tzq8o-00115-00024536-00024822 and re-emerged in the 1920s where public
kbn9U4tzq8o-00116-00024823-00025047 lynching and racial terrorism was common
kbn9U4tzq8o-00117-00025048-00025199 practice
kbn9U4tzq8o-00118-00025200-00025407 it comes back again in the 80s except
kbn9U4tzq8o-00119-00025408-00025622 this time with neo-nazi influence from
kbn9U4tzq8o-00120-00025623-00025806 white power skinheads
kbn9U4tzq8o-00121-00025807-00025983 experts say the last wave is where we
kbn9U4tzq8o-00122-00025983-00026206 are now where mostly white middle-class
kbn9U4tzq8o-00123-00026207-00026374 men who believe the rights gained by
kbn9U4tzq8o-00124-00026375-00026614 immigrants or other minorities is a sign
kbn9U4tzq8o-00125-00026616-00026846 of their rights being taken away
kbn9U4tzq8o-00126-00026847-00027007 while they're fighting for free speech
kbn9U4tzq8o-00127-00027008-00027207 the messages can actually reach
kbn9U4tzq8o-00128-00027208-00027446 vulnerable people people who are
kbn9U4tzq8o-00129-00027447-00027662 more at risk of of
kbn9U4tzq8o-00130-00027663-00027855 not understanding the difference between
kbn9U4tzq8o-00131-00027856-00028127 reality and fantasy or conspiracy and
kbn9U4tzq8o-00132-00028127-00028351 those people will will take that message
kbn9U4tzq8o-00133-00028352-00028518 to heart and feel like they have no
kbn9U4tzq8o-00134-00028519-00028743 choice but to go out and kill people
kbn9U4tzq8o-00135-00028744-00028974 robert gregory bowers killed 12 jewish
kbn9U4tzq8o-00136-00028975-00029327 worshipers in 2018. alexandre bisanet
kbn9U4tzq8o-00137-00029327-00029599 massacred six muslims the year before
kbn9U4tzq8o-00138-00029600-00029783 and dylan roof murdered nine black
kbn9U4tzq8o-00139-00029783-00030062 christian parishioners in 2015.
kbn9U4tzq8o-00140-00030063-00030262 the problem today hadigan says is that
kbn9U4tzq8o-00141-00030263-00030470 online recruitment and hate speech is
kbn9U4tzq8o-00142-00030472-00030695 difficult to shut down speaking as a
kbn9U4tzq8o-00143-00030695-00030935 former white supremacist she says all
kbn9U4tzq8o-00144-00030936-00031158 she ever needed was to be accepted the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00145-00031160-00031335 problem is when we don't have
kbn9U4tzq8o-00146-00031336-00031607 conversations about immigration about
kbn9U4tzq8o-00147-00031608-00031862 the changing demographics
kbn9U4tzq8o-00148-00031863-00032007 those conversations are happening in
kbn9U4tzq8o-00149-00032008-00032318 echo chambers among websites and people
kbn9U4tzq8o-00150-00032319-00032455 who are hateful
kbn9U4tzq8o-00151-00032456-00032551 and
kbn9U4tzq8o-00152-00032552-00032767 unfortunately we have to confront that
kbn9U4tzq8o-00153-00032768-00032959 with facts as to why we need the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00154-00032960-00033174 immigration as to why
kbn9U4tzq8o-00155-00033175-00033407 diversity is a strength and not
kbn9U4tzq8o-00156-00033408-00033599 something that is corroding
kbn9U4tzq8o-00157-00033600-00033799 people and their you know and their and
kbn9U4tzq8o-00158-00033800-00033983 their fears
kbn9U4tzq8o-00159-00033984-00034143 thanks for watching global news if you
kbn9U4tzq8o-00160-00034144-00034367 like what you saw like the video also
kbn9U4tzq8o-00161-00034368-00034518 hit the subscribe button to get the
kbn9U4tzq8o-00162-00034519-00034687 latest international news and best
kbn9U4tzq8o-00163-00034688-00035024 trending videos
kb-8-hNSrEU-00000-00000014-00000313 in linear algebra an inner product space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00001-00000314-00000526 is a vector space with an additional
kb-8-hNSrEU-00002-00000527-00000797 structure called an inner product this
kb-8-hNSrEU-00003-00000798-00001007 additional structure associates each
kb-8-hNSrEU-00004-00001008-00001195 pair of vectors in the space with a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00005-00001196-00001375 scalar quantity known as the inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00006-00001376-00001682 product of the vectors inner products
kb-8-hNSrEU-00007-00001682-00001852 allow the rigorous introduction of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00008-00001853-00002087 intuitive geometrical notions such as
kb-8-hNSrEU-00009-00002088-00002264 the length of a vector or the angle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00010-00002265-00002579 between two vectors they also provide
kb-8-hNSrEU-00011-00002580-00002765 the means of defining orthogonality
kb-8-hNSrEU-00012-00002766-00003131 between vectors zero inner product inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00013-00003132-00003350 product spaces generalize Euclidean
kb-8-hNSrEU-00014-00003351-00003575 spaces in which the inner product is the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00015-00003576-00003776 dot product also known as the scalar
kb-8-hNSrEU-00016-00003777-00003968 product two vector spaces of any
kb-8-hNSrEU-00017-00003969-00004181 possibly infinite dimension and are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00018-00004182-00004504 studied in functional analysis the first
kb-8-hNSrEU-00019-00004505-00004724 usage of the concept of a vector space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00020-00004725-00004945 with an inner product is due to giuseppe
kb-8-hNSrEU-00021-00004946-00005258 peano in 1898 an inner product naturally
kb-8-hNSrEU-00022-00005259-00005516 induces an Associated norm thus an inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00023-00005517-00005699 product space is also a normed vector
kb-8-hNSrEU-00024-00005700-00006022 space a complete space with an inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00025-00006023-00006300 product is called a Hilbert space an
kb-8-hNSrEU-00026-00006301-00006547 incomplete space with an inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00027-00006548-00006784 is called a pre Hilbert space since its
kb-8-hNSrEU-00028-00006786-00006962 completion with respect to the norm
kb-8-hNSrEU-00029-00006963-00007135 induced by the inner product is a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00030-00007136-00007466 Hilbert space inner product spaces over
kb-8-hNSrEU-00031-00007467-00007658 the field of complex numbers are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00032-00007659-00008449 sometimes referred to as unitary spaces
kb-8-hNSrEU-00033-00008450-00009012 topic definition
kb-8-hNSrEU-00034-00009013-00009246 in this article the field of scalars
kb-8-hNSrEU-00035-00009247-00009480 denoted F is either the field of real
kb-8-hNSrEU-00036-00009481-00009645 numbers R or the field of complex
kb-8-hNSrEU-00037-00009646-00010020 numbers C formally an inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00038-00010021-00010263 space is a vector space V over the field
kb-8-hNSrEU-00039-00010264-00010487 F together with an inner product ie
kb-8-hNSrEU-00040-00010488-00010824 with a map V times V F display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00041-00010825-00011298 angle C do T C do t wrangle V times V to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00042-00011299-00011520 F that satisfies the following three
kb-8-hNSrEU-00043-00011521-00011817 properties for all vectors X Y Z element
kb-8-hNSrEU-00044-00011818-00012024 of V and all scalars are element of F
kb-8-hNSrEU-00045-00012025-00012330 conjugate symmetry X y equals y X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00046-00012331-00012663 display style angle X Y R angle equals
kb-8-hNSrEU-00047-00012664-00012993 over line Langille Y X wrangle linearity
kb-8-hNSrEU-00048-00012994-00013325 in the first argument ax y equals rx YX
kb-8-hNSrEU-00049-00013326-00013785 + y z equals x z + y z display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00050-00013786-00014079 begin aligned Langille ax y wrangle and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00051-00014080-00014358 equals at Langille X Y wrangle Langille
kb-8-hNSrEU-00052-00014359-00014718 x + y z wrangle and equals Langille x z
kb-8-hNSrEU-00053-00014719-00015078 wrangle + Langille y z wrangle and align
kb-8-hNSrEU-00054-00015079-00015387 positive definite X X greater than 0 X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00055-00015388-00015725 element of V 0 display style Langille X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00056-00015726-00016028 X wrangle greater than zero quad X in V
kb-8-hNSrEU-00057-00016029-00016619 set - math be F 0 topic elementary
kb-8-hNSrEU-00058-00016620-00016818 properties positive definiteness and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00059-00016819-00017121 linearity respectively ensure that X x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00060-00017122-00017634 equals 0 x equals 0 0 0 equals 0 x 0 x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00061-00017635-00018027 equals 0 x 0 x equals 0 display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00062-00018028-00018318 begin aligned Langille X X wrangle and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00063-00018319-00018666 equals 0 right arrow x equals math bf0
kb-8-hNSrEU-00064-00018667-00019031 Langille math bf0 math BF 0
kb-8-hNSrEU-00065-00019032-00019338 wrangle and equals Langille 0 x 0 x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00066-00019339-00019740 wrangle equals 0 Langille X 0 X wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00067-00019741-00019989 equals 0 and aligned notice that
kb-8-hNSrEU-00068-00019990-00020238 conjugate symmetry implies that X X is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00069-00020239-00020550 real for all X since we have X x equals
kb-8-hNSrEU-00070-00020551-00021009 x X display style Langille X X wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00071-00021010-00021480 equals over line Langille X X wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00072-00021481-00021700 conjugate symmetry and linearity in the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00073-00021701-00021930 first variable imply
kb-8-hNSrEU-00074-00021931-00022410 X a why
kb-8-hNSrEU-00075-00022411-00024530 equals a Y X equals y x equals a X Y X y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00076-00024531-00026264 plus Z equals y plus Z x equals y X plus
kb-8-hNSrEU-00077-00026264-00026736 Z x equals x y plus X Z display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00078-00026737-00027018 begin aligned Langille X a wrangle and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00079-00027019-00027300 equals over line wrangle a X Prandtl
kb-8-hNSrEU-00080-00027301-00027564 equals over line a over line Langille y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00081-00027564-00027867 X wrangle equals over line at Langille X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00082-00027868-00028202 Y trangle Langille X y plus said wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00083-00028204-00028439 and equals over line Langille y plus
kb-8-hNSrEU-00084-00028441-00028733 said X wrangle equals over line Langille
kb-8-hNSrEU-00085-00028735-00029090 y X wrangle plus over line Langille Z X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00086-00029091-00029414 wrangle equals Langille X Y R angle plus
kb-8-hNSrEU-00087-00029416-00029733 Langille X Z wrangle and aligned that is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00088-00029733-00029943 conjugate linearity in the second
kb-8-hNSrEU-00089-00029944-00030252 argument so an inner product is a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00090-00030252-00030567 sesquilinear form conjugate symmetry is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00091-00030568-00030783 also called hermitian symmetry and a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00092-00030783-00031032 conjugate symmetric sesquilinear form is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00093-00031033-00031311 called a hermitian form while the above
kb-8-hNSrEU-00094-00031312-00031496 axioms are more mathematically
kb-8-hNSrEU-00095-00031497-00031749 economical a compact verbal definition
kb-8-hNSrEU-00096-00031750-00031920 of an inner product is a positive
kb-8-hNSrEU-00097-00031920-00032226 definite hermitian form this important
kb-8-hNSrEU-00098-00032227-00032433 generalization of the familiar square
kb-8-hNSrEU-00099-00032433-00032745 expansion follows X plus y X plus y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00100-00032745-00033218 equals x X plus X y plus y X plus y Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00101-00033219-00033594 display style Langille X plus y X plus y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00102-00033595-00033912 R angle equals Langille X X wrangle plus
kb-8-hNSrEU-00103-00033913-00034239 Langille X Y wrangle Plus Langille Y X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00104-00034240-00034520 wrangle Plus Langille why white wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00105-00034521-00034818 these properties constituents of the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00106-00034819-00035043 above linearity in the first and second
kb-8-hNSrEU-00107-00035044-00035538 argument X plus y z equals x z+ y Z X y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00108-00035539-00035798 plus Z equals X y plus X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00109-00035799-00036071 a display style begin align Langille X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00110-00036072-00036416 plus y Z wrangle and equals Langille X Z
kb-8-hNSrEU-00111-00036417-00036716 wrangle plus Langille Y Z wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00112-00036717-00037013 Langille XY plus said wrangle and equals
kb-8-hNSrEU-00113-00037014-00037361 Langille X Y R angle plus angle X Z
kb-8-hNSrEU-00114-00037362-00037598 wrangle and aligned or otherwise known
kb-8-hNSrEU-00115-00037599-00037925 as additive 'ti in the case of F equals
kb-8-hNSrEU-00116-00037926-00038156 our conjugate symmetry reduces to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00117-00038157-00038435 symmetry and sesquilinear T reduces to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00118-00038436-00038774 by linearity so an inner product on a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00119-00038775-00039023 real vector space is a positive definite
kb-8-hNSrEU-00120-00039024-00039392 symmetric bilinear form that is X y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00121-00039393-00039794 equals y X minus X x equals X minus X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00122-00039795-00040103 display style begin aligned Langille X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00123-00040104-00040418 wrangle and equals Langille y X wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00124-00040419-00040694 right arrow Langille X X wrangle and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00125-00040695-00041012 equals Langille X X wrangle end aligned
kb-8-hNSrEU-00126-00041013-00041246 and the binomial expansion becomes X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00127-00041247-00041675 plus y X plus y equals x X plus 2x y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00128-00041676-00042131 plus y Y display style Langille x + y x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00129-00042132-00042503 + y r angle equals Langille x x wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00130-00042504-00042908 + 2 Langille x y wrangle + Langille y y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00131-00042909-00043484 wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00132-00043485-00043889 topic alternative definitions notations
kb-8-hNSrEU-00133-00043890-00044332 and remarks
kb-8-hNSrEU-00134-00044333-00044530 a common special case of the inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00135-00044531-00044733 product the scalar product or dot
kb-8-hNSrEU-00136-00044734-00045264 product is written with a centered dot B
kb-8-hNSrEU-00137-00045265-00045724 display style at C D OTB some authors
kb-8-hNSrEU-00138-00045725-00045949 especially in physics and matrix algebra
kb-8-hNSrEU-00139-00045950-00046192 prefer to define the inner product in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00140-00046193-00046420 the sesquilinear form with linearity in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00141-00046421-00046599 the second argument rather than the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00142-00046600-00046896 first then the first argument becomes
kb-8-hNSrEU-00143-00046897-00047133 conjugate linear rather than the second
kb-8-hNSrEU-00144-00047134-00047415 in those disciplines we would write the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00145-00047416-00047689 product X Y is y X the bracket notation
kb-8-hNSrEU-00146-00047690-00048021 of quantum mechanics respectively YX dot
kb-8-hNSrEU-00147-00048022-00048223 product is a case of the convention of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00148-00048224-00048439 forming the matrix product a B is the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00149-00048440-00048627 dot products of rows over with columns
kb-8-hNSrEU-00150-00048628-00048907 of B here the ket's and columns are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00151-00048908-00049120 identified with the vectors of V and the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00152-00049121-00049255 brass and rows with the linear
kb-8-hNSrEU-00153-00049256-00049498 functionals Co vectors of the dual space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00154-00049499-00049827 V with conjugacy associated with duality
kb-8-hNSrEU-00155-00049828-00050092 this reverse order is now occasionally
kb-8-hNSrEU-00156-00050093-00050335 followed in the more abstract literature
kb-8-hNSrEU-00157-00050336-00050608 taking X Y to be conjugate linear in X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00158-00050609-00050917 rather than Y a few instead find a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00159-00050918-00051162 middle ground by recognizing both and as
kb-8-hNSrEU-00160-00051163-00051385 distinct notations differing only in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00161-00051386-00051726 which argument is conjugate linear there
kb-8-hNSrEU-00162-00051727-00051942 are various technical reasons why it is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00163-00051944-00052182 necessary to restrict the base field to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00164-00052183-00052522 R and C in the definition briefly the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00165-00052523-00052735 base field has to contain an ordered sub
kb-8-hNSrEU-00166-00052736-00052938 field in order for non negativity to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00167-00052939-00053134 make sense and therefore has to have
kb-8-hNSrEU-00168-00053135-00053376 characteristic equal to 0 since any
kb-8-hNSrEU-00169-00053377-00053541 ordered field has to have such
kb-8-hNSrEU-00170-00053542-00053875 characteristic this immediately excludes
kb-8-hNSrEU-00171-00053876-00054184 finite fields the base field has to have
kb-8-hNSrEU-00172-00054185-00054354 additional structure such as a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00173-00054355-00054637 distinguished automorphism more
kb-8-hNSrEU-00174-00054638-00054816 generally any quadratically closed
kb-8-hNSrEU-00175-00054817-00055072 subfield of R or C will suffice for this
kb-8-hNSrEU-00176-00055073-00055363 purpose eg the algebraic numbers or the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00177-00055364-00055666 constructible numbers however in these
kb-8-hNSrEU-00178-00055666-00055897 cases when it is a proper sub field ie
kb-8-hNSrEU-00179-00055898-00056134 neither R nor see even finite
kb-8-hNSrEU-00180-00056135-00056343 dimensional inner product spaces will
kb-8-hNSrEU-00181-00056344-00056604 fail to be metrically complete in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00182-00056605-00056854 contrast all finite dimensional inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00183-00056854-00057124 product spaces over R or C such as those
kb-8-hNSrEU-00184-00057125-00057325 used in quantum computation are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00185-00057326-00057526 automatically metrically complete and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00186-00057527-00057709 hence hilbert spaces
kb-8-hNSrEU-00187-00057710-00058009 in some cases we need to consider non
kb-8-hNSrEU-00188-00058010-00058292 negative semidefinite sesquilinear forms
kb-8-hNSrEU-00189-00058294-00058639 this means that X X is only required to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00190-00058640-00058762 be non-negative
kb-8-hNSrEU-00191-00058763-00059505 we show how to treat these below
kb-8-hNSrEU-00192-00059507-00059912 topic examples
kb-8-hNSrEU-00193-00059913-00060424 you
kb-8-hNSrEU-00194-00060425-00060979 topic real numbers
kb-8-hNSrEU-00195-00060980-00061237 a simple example is the real numbers
kb-8-hNSrEU-00196-00061238-00061436 with the standard multiplication as the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00197-00061437-00061907 inner product X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00198-00061908-00062579 equals x why display style Langille X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00199-00062579-00063270 Rangel equals XY
kb-8-hNSrEU-00200-00063271-00063855 topic Euclidean space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00201-00063857-00064138 more generally the real end space RN
kb-8-hNSrEU-00202-00064139-00064321 with the dot product is an inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00203-00064322-00064892 space an example of a Euclidean n space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00204-00064894-00065110 x1
kb-8-hNSrEU-00205-00065111-00067041 x + y 1y n equals x t y equals AI equals
kb-8-hNSrEU-00206-00067042-00069081 1 and X I Y I equals x 1 y 1 plus plus X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00207-00069082-00069876 n y n display style left Langille begin
kb-8-hNSrEU-00208-00069877-00070234 b-matrix x underscore one video TS x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00209-00070235-00070528 underscore n end b-matrix begin b-matrix
kb-8-hNSrEU-00210-00070529-00070924 y underscore one video TS y underscore n
kb-8-hNSrEU-00211-00070925-00071221 end b matrix right wrangle equals x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00212-00071222-00071526 carat text s ft y equals sum underscore
kb-8-hNSrEU-00213-00071527-00071872 I equals 1 carat n X underscore I y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00214-00071873-00072156 underscore I equals x underscore 1 y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00215-00072157-00072493 underscore 1 plus C do TS plus X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00216-00072494-00072900 underscore n y underscore n where XT is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00217-00072901-00073557 the transpose of X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00218-00073558-00074268 topic complex coordinates base the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00219-00074269-00074493 general form of an inner product on CN
kb-8-hNSrEU-00220-00074494-00074685 is known as the hermitian form and is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00221-00074686-00074832 given by
kb-8-hNSrEU-00222-00074833-00075154 X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00223-00075155-00076441 equals y m x equals x m y display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00224-00076442-00076780 angle X Y R angle equals y caret dagger
kb-8-hNSrEU-00225-00076781-00077140 math BFM x equals over line X Charat
kb-8-hNSrEU-00226-00077141-00077532 dagger math bf my where m is any
kb-8-hNSrEU-00227-00077533-00077775 hermitian positive definite matrix and y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00228-00077776-00078088 is the conjugate transpose of y for the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00229-00078089-00078310 real case this corresponds to the dot
kb-8-hNSrEU-00230-00078311-00078523 product of the results of directionally
kb-8-hNSrEU-00231-00078524-00078681 different scaling of the two vectors
kb-8-hNSrEU-00232-00078682-00078894 with positive scale factors and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00233-00078895-00079198 orthogonal directions of scaling up to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00234-00079199-00079396 an orthogonal transformation it is a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00235-00079397-00079609 weighted sum version of the dot product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00236-00079610-00080251 with positive weights
kb-8-hNSrEU-00237-00080252-00080819 topic Hill bit space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00238-00080820-00081095 the article on hilbert space has several
kb-8-hNSrEU-00239-00081096-00081338 examples of inner product spaces wherein
kb-8-hNSrEU-00240-00081339-00081542 the metric induced by the inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00241-00081543-00081805 yields a complete metric space an
kb-8-hNSrEU-00242-00081806-00082016 example of an inner product which
kb-8-hNSrEU-00243-00082017-00082253 induces an incomplete metric occurs with
kb-8-hNSrEU-00244-00082254-00082544 the space c8b of continuous complex
kb-8-hNSrEU-00245-00082545-00082787 valued functions F and G on the interval
kb-8-hNSrEU-00246-00082788-00083456 a B the inner product is f G
kb-8-hNSrEU-00247-00083457-00084921 equals a B F T G t D T display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00248-00084922-00085244 angle F G R angle equals int underscore
kb-8-hNSrEU-00249-00085245-00085735 a caret b ft / line GT mathram d t this
kb-8-hNSrEU-00250-00085736-00085959 space is not complete
kb-8-hNSrEU-00251-00085960-00086166 consider for example for the interval
kb-8-hNSrEU-00252-00086167-00086444 minus 1 1 the sequence of continuous
kb-8-hNSrEU-00253-00086445-00086825 step functions f kk defined by f k T
kb-8-hNSrEU-00254-00086826-00087212 equals 0 T element of minus 1 0 1 T
kb-8-hNSrEU-00255-00087213-00087626 element of 1 K 1 K TT element of 0 1 K
kb-8-hNSrEU-00256-00087627-00087935 display style F underscore K T equals
kb-8-hNSrEU-00257-00087936-00088379 begin cases 0 and T in minus 1 0 1 and T
kb-8-hNSrEU-00258-00088380-00088856 in left T frac 1 K 1 right K T and T in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00259-00088857-00089357 left 0 t frac 1 K right end cases this
kb-8-hNSrEU-00260-00089358-00089573 sequence is a Cauchy sequence for the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00261-00089574-00089753 norm induced by the proceeding in a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00262-00089754-00089946 product which does not converge to a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00263-00089947-00090571 continuous function
kb-8-hNSrEU-00264-00090572-00091162 topic random variables
kb-8-hNSrEU-00265-00091163-00091476 for real random variables x and y the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00266-00091477-00092053 expected value of their product X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00267-00092054-00092755 equals e X Y display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00268-00092756-00093076 Langille X Y Rangel equals operator name
kb-8-hNSrEU-00269-00093077-00094045 e XY is an inner product in this case xx
kb-8-hNSrEU-00270-00094046-00094786 topic zero if and only if PR X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00271-00094787-00095278 zero
kb-8-hNSrEU-00272-00095279-00095907 topic 1 ie X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00273-00095908-00096262 zero almost surely this definition of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00274-00096263-00096463 expectation as in a product can be
kb-8-hNSrEU-00275-00096464-00097180 extended to random vectors as well
kb-8-hNSrEU-00276-00097181-00097758 topic real matrices
kb-8-hNSrEU-00277-00097759-00098013 for real square matrices of the same
kb-8-hNSrEU-00278-00098014-00098340 size AP equals T are apt with transpose
kb-8-hNSrEU-00279-00098341-00098694 as conjugation a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00280-00098695-00098843 be
kb-8-hNSrEU-00281-00098844-00099716 equals be tea a tea display style left
kb-8-hNSrEU-00282-00099717-00099984 Langille a be wrangle equals left
kb-8-hNSrEU-00283-00099985-00100301 Langille be carrot text sft a carrot
kb-8-hNSrEU-00284-00100302-00100722 text sft right wrangle right is an inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00285-00100723-00101280 product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00286-00101281-00101918 topic vector spaces with forms
kb-8-hNSrEU-00287-00101919-00102155 on an inner product space or more
kb-8-hNSrEU-00288-00102156-00102331 generally a vector space with a non
kb-8-hNSrEU-00289-00102332-00102596 degenerate form so an isomorphism VV
kb-8-hNSrEU-00290-00102597-00102808 vectors can be sent to Co vectors in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00291-00102809-00103081 coordinates via transpose so one can
kb-8-hNSrEU-00292-00103082-00103279 take the inner product and outer product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00293-00103280-00103534 of two vectors not simply of a vector in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00294-00103535-00104135 the Cove Ector
kb-8-hNSrEU-00295-00104136-00104839 topic norms on inner product spaces
kb-8-hNSrEU-00296-00104840-00105454 a linear space with enorm such as X P
kb-8-hNSrEU-00297-00105455-00107118 equals I equals 1 infinity XI I P 1 P X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00298-00107119-00108247 equals XI I element of L P P does not
kb-8-hNSrEU-00299-00108248-00108790 equal to display style X underscore P
kb-8-hNSrEU-00300-00108791-00109078 equals left sum underscore I equals 1
kb-8-hNSrEU-00301-00109079-00109402 carrot empty left she underscore I right
kb-8-hNSrEU-00302-00109403-00109756 carrot P right carrot frack 1 P Q quad x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00303-00109757-00110065 equals left she underscore I right in L
kb-8-hNSrEU-00304-00110066-00110494 carrot Pequod's P any Q 2 is a normed
kb-8-hNSrEU-00305-00110495-00110656 space but not an inner product space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00306-00110657-00110893 because this norm does not satisfy the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00307-00110894-00111118 parallelogram equality required of a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00308-00111119-00111340 norm to have an inner product associated
kb-8-hNSrEU-00309-00111341-00111382 with it
kb-8-hNSrEU-00310-00111383-00111583 however inner product spaces have a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00311-00111583-00111796 naturally defined norm based upon the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00312-00111797-00111988 inner product of the space itself that
kb-8-hNSrEU-00313-00111989-00112235 does satisfy the parallelogram equality
kb-8-hNSrEU-00314-00112236-00112477 X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00315-00112478-00113215 equals X X display style X equals s QRT
kb-8-hNSrEU-00316-00113216-00113575 Langille X X Wrangell this is well
kb-8-hNSrEU-00317-00113576-00113811 defined by the non-negativity axiom of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00318-00113813-00114018 the definition of inner product space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00319-00114019-00114283 the norm is thought of as the length of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00320-00114283-00114652 the vector X directly from the axioms we
kb-8-hNSrEU-00321-00114653-00114967 can prove the following kouchi Schwarz
kb-8-hNSrEU-00322-00114968-00115995 inequality for X Y elements of V X Y X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00323-00115996-00116392 display style Langille X Y wrangle leq
kb-8-hNSrEU-00324-00116393-00116797 XY with equality if and only if x and y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00325-00116798-00117094 are linearly dependent this is one of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00326-00117095-00117307 the most important inequalities in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00327-00117308-00117583 mathematics it is also known in the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00328-00117583-00117793 russian mathematical literature as the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00329-00117794-00117958 couchy Bunya cough ski Schwarz
kb-8-hNSrEU-00330-00117958-00118468 inequality orthogonality the geometric
kb-8-hNSrEU-00331-00118469-00118666 interpretation of the inner product in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00332-00118667-00118900 terms of angle and length motivates much
kb-8-hNSrEU-00333-00118901-00119136 of the geometric terminology we use in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00334-00119138-00119433 regard to these spaces indeed an
kb-8-hNSrEU-00335-00119434-00119617 immediate consequence of the couchy
kb-8-hNSrEU-00336-00119618-00119833 Schwarz inequality is that it justifies
kb-8-hNSrEU-00337-00119833-00120060 defining the angle between two nonzero
kb-8-hNSrEU-00338-00120061-00120360 vectors x and y denoted in the case f
kb-8-hNSrEU-00339-00120361-00120791 equals r by the identity x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00340-00120792-00121982 y equals r cos x y x y display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00341-00121983-00122359 angle X y equals R cos frac Langille X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00342-00122360-00122758 R angle X Y we assume the value of the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00343-00122759-00122993 angle is chosen to be in the interval 0
kb-8-hNSrEU-00344-00122994-00123358 pi this is an analogy to the situation
kb-8-hNSrEU-00345-00123359-00123773 in two dimensional Euclidean space in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00346-00123774-00124046 the case F equals C the angle in the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00347-00124047-00124399 interval 0 pi/2 is typically defined by
kb-8-hNSrEU-00348-00124400-00125502 X y equals R cos x Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00349-00125503-00126040 x/y display style angle X y equals R cos
kb-8-hNSrEU-00350-00126041-00126453 frac Langille X Y R angle X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00351-00126454-00126718 correspondingly we will say that nonzero
kb-8-hNSrEU-00352-00126719-00126958 vectors x and y of V are orthogonal if
kb-8-hNSrEU-00353-00126958-00127269 and only if their inner product is 0
kb-8-hNSrEU-00354-00127270-00127681 homogeneity for X an element of V and R
kb-8-hNSrEU-00355-00127682-00128452 a scalar ah x equals ah
kb-8-hNSrEU-00356-00128453-00129046 X display style Rx equals R X the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00357-00129047-00129268 homogeneity property is completely
kb-8-hNSrEU-00358-00129269-00129763 trivial to prove triangle inequality for
kb-8-hNSrEU-00359-00129764-00130875 X y elements of V X plus y X plus y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00360-00130876-00131458 display style X plus y le Q X plus y the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00361-00131459-00131671 last two properties show the function
kb-8-hNSrEU-00362-00131672-00132004 defined is indeed a norm because of the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00363-00132005-00132247 triangle inequality and because of axiom
kb-8-hNSrEU-00364-00132248-00132514 2 we see that is a norm which turns V
kb-8-hNSrEU-00365-00132515-00132709 into a normed vector space and hence
kb-8-hNSrEU-00366-00132710-00133012 also into a metric space the most
kb-8-hNSrEU-00367-00133013-00133231 important inner product spaces are the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00368-00133232-00133426 ones which are complete with respect to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00369-00133427-00133609 this metric they are called Hilbert
kb-8-hNSrEU-00370-00133610-00133954 spaces every inner product V space is a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00371-00133955-00134208 dense subspace of some Hilbert space
kb-8-hNSrEU-00372-00134209-00134479 this Hilbert space is essentially
kb-8-hNSrEU-00373-00134480-00134671 uniquely determined by V and is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00374-00134672-00135124 constructed by completing V Pythagorean
kb-8-hNSrEU-00375-00135125-00135532 theorem whenever XY are in V and X y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00376-00135533-00136528 equals 0 then X 2 plus y 2
kb-8-hNSrEU-00377-00136529-00137395 equals x plus y to display style X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00378-00137396-00137845 Charat 2 plus y carrot 2 equals x plus y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00379-00137846-00138199 carrot 2 the proof of the identity
kb-8-hNSrEU-00380-00138200-00138421 requires only expressing the definition
kb-8-hNSrEU-00381-00138422-00138592 of norm in terms of the inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00382-00138593-00138832 and multiplying out using the property
kb-8-hNSrEU-00383-00138833-00139180 of additivity of each component the name
kb-8-hNSrEU-00384-00139181-00139408 Pythagorean theorem arises from the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00385-00139409-00139636 geometric interpretation of this result
kb-8-hNSrEU-00386-00139637-00139801 is an analogue of the theorem in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00387-00139802-00139945 synthetic geometry
kb-8-hNSrEU-00388-00139946-00140164 note that the proof of the Pythagorean
kb-8-hNSrEU-00389-00140165-00140422 theorem in synthetic geometry is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00390-00140423-00140632 considerably more elaborate because of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00391-00140633-00140914 the paucity of underlying structure in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00392-00140915-00141163 this sense the synthetic Pythagorean
kb-8-hNSrEU-00393-00141164-00141385 theorem if correctly demonstrated is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00394-00141386-00141654 deeper than the version given above
kb-8-hNSrEU-00395-00141655-00141948 Percival's identity
kb-8-hNSrEU-00396-00141949-00142146 an induction on the Pythagorean theorem
kb-8-hNSrEU-00397-00142147-00142485 yields if x1 xn orthogonal vectors that
kb-8-hNSrEU-00398-00142486-00142790 is XJ XK equals zero four distinct
kb-8-hNSrEU-00399-00142791-00144026 indices j k then i equals one and x i2
kb-8-hNSrEU-00400-00144027-00145308 equals i equals one and x i to display
kb-8-hNSrEU-00401-00145309-00145599 style sum underscore I equals one carat
kb-8-hNSrEU-00402-00145600-00145923 and X underscore I carat 2 equals left
kb-8-hNSrEU-00403-00145924-00146240 sum underscore I equals one carat and X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00404-00146241-00146622 underscore I right carat two in view of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00405-00146623-00146847 the couchy Schwarz inequality we also
kb-8-hNSrEU-00406-00146848-00147104 note that is continuous from V times V
kb-8-hNSrEU-00407-00147105-00147369 to F this allows us to extend Pythagoras
kb-8-hNSrEU-00408-00147370-00147554 theorem to infinitely many summons
kb-8-hNSrEU-00409-00147555-00147779 suppose V is a complete in a product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00410-00147780-00148137 space if X K are mutually orthogonal
kb-8-hNSrEU-00411-00148138-00148506 vectors in V then I
kb-8-hNSrEU-00412-00148507-00149822 equals one infinity x i2 equals I equals
kb-8-hNSrEU-00413-00149823-00150788 one infinity X I to display style sum
kb-8-hNSrEU-00414-00150789-00151079 underscore I equals one carat empty X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00415-00151080-00151412 underscore I carat 2 equals left sum
kb-8-hNSrEU-00416-00151413-00151700 underscore I equals 1 carat empty X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00417-00151701-00152082 underscore eyebright carat to provided
kb-8-hNSrEU-00418-00152083-00152259 the infinite series on the left is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00419-00152260-00152574 convergent completeness of the space is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00420-00152575-00152757 needed to ensure that the sequence of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00421-00152758-00153249 partial sums s K
kb-8-hNSrEU-00422-00153250-00154386 equals I equals 1 K X I display stylus
kb-8-hNSrEU-00423-00154387-00154644 underscore K equals sum underscore I
kb-8-hNSrEU-00424-00154645-00155064 equals 1 carrot K X underscore I which
kb-8-hNSrEU-00425-00155065-00155289 is easily shown to be a kouchi sequence
kb-8-hNSrEU-00426-00155290-00155913 is convergent parallelogram law for X Y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00427-00155914-00157274 elements of V X plus y 2 plus X minus y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00428-00157275-00158796 2 equals 2 x 2 plus 2 y 2 display style
kb-8-hNSrEU-00429-00158797-00159210 X plus y carrot 2 plus XY carrot 2
kb-8-hNSrEU-00430-00159211-00159798 equals 2 X Charat 2 plus 2y carrot 2 the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00431-00159799-00160080 parallelogram law is in fact a necessary
kb-8-hNSrEU-00432-00160081-00160233 and sufficient condition for the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00433-00160234-00160395 existence of our inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00434-00160396-00160680 corresponding to a given norm if it
kb-8-hNSrEU-00435-00160681-00160908 holds the inner product is defined by
kb-8-hNSrEU-00436-00160909-00161791 the polarization identity X plus y 2
kb-8-hNSrEU-00437-00161792-00163486 equals x2 plus y2 plus 2/3 X Y display
kb-8-hNSrEU-00438-00163487-00163882 style X plus y carrot 2 equals x carrot
kb-8-hNSrEU-00439-00163883-00164269 2 plus y carrot 2 plus 2 opera tour name
kb-8-hNSrEU-00440-00164270-00164653 real angle X white wrangle which is a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00441-00164654-00165363 form of the law of cosines
kb-8-hNSrEU-00442-00165364-00166021 topic orthonormal sequences
kb-8-hNSrEU-00443-00166022-00166287 let V be a finite-dimensional inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00444-00166288-00166618 product space of dimension M recall that
kb-8-hNSrEU-00445-00166619-00166875 every basis of V consists of exactly n
kb-8-hNSrEU-00446-00166876-00167194 linearly independent vectors using the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00447-00167195-00167412 gram-schmidt process we may start with
kb-8-hNSrEU-00448-00167413-00167649 an arbitrary basis and transform it into
kb-8-hNSrEU-00449-00167650-00167991 an orthonormal basis that is into a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00450-00167992-00168181 basis in which all the elements are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00451-00168182-00168511 orthogonal and have unit norm in symbols
kb-8-hNSrEU-00452-00168512-00169437 a basis e1 n is also normal if a EJ
kb-8-hNSrEU-00453-00169438-00169782 topic 0 for every eye does not equal J
kb-8-hNSrEU-00454-00169783-00170297 and AAA
kb-8-hNSrEU-00455-00170298-00170645 a equals one for each eye this
kb-8-hNSrEU-00456-00170646-00170854 definition of orthonormal basis
kb-8-hNSrEU-00457-00170855-00171052 generalizes to the case of infinite
kb-8-hNSrEU-00458-00171053-00171293 dimensional inner product spaces in the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00459-00171294-00171611 following way let V be any inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00460-00171612-00172408 space then a collection e equals e alpha
kb-8-hNSrEU-00461-00172409-00173123 alpha element of display style e equals
kb-8-hNSrEU-00462-00173124-00173413 left e underscore alpha right underscore
kb-8-hNSrEU-00463-00173414-00173771 alpha in a is a basis for V if the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00464-00173772-00174044 subspace of V generated by finite linear
kb-8-hNSrEU-00465-00174045-00174260 combinations of elements of E is dense
kb-8-hNSrEU-00466-00174261-00174470 in V in the norm induced by the inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00467-00174471-00174773 product we say that he is an orthonormal
kb-8-hNSrEU-00468-00174774-00175307 basis for V if it is a basis in E alpha
kb-8-hNSrEU-00469-00175308-00175706 e beta
kb-8-hNSrEU-00470-00175707-00176215 equals zero display style left rangoli
kb-8-hNSrEU-00471-00176216-00176500 underscore alpha e underscore beta right
kb-8-hNSrEU-00472-00176501-00176912 wrangle equals 0 if alpha does not equal
kb-8-hNSrEU-00473-00176913-00177516 beta and e alpha P alpha
kb-8-hNSrEU-00474-00177517-00178084 topic a alpha
kb-8-hNSrEU-00475-00178085-00178410 one for all alpha beta element of a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00476-00178411-00178696 using an infinite dimensional analog of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00477-00178697-00178968 the gram-schmidt process one may show
kb-8-hNSrEU-00478-00178969-00179311 theorem any separable inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00479-00179312-00179712 space V has an orthonormal basis using
kb-8-hNSrEU-00480-00179713-00179944 the hausdorff maximal principle in the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00481-00179945-00180126 fact that in a complete inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00482-00180127-00180339 space orthogonal projection onto linear
kb-8-hNSrEU-00483-00180340-00180583 subspaces is well-defined one may also
kb-8-hNSrEU-00484-00180584-00180997 show that theorem any complete inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00485-00180998-00181325 product space V has an orthonormal basis
kb-8-hNSrEU-00486-00181326-00181609 the two previous theorems raise the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00487-00181610-00181783 question of whether all inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00488-00181784-00182107 spaces have an orthonormal basis the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00489-00182108-00182412 answer it turns out is negative this is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00490-00182413-00182668 a non-trivial result and is proved below
kb-8-hNSrEU-00491-00182669-00182925 the following proof is taken from how
kb-8-hNSrEU-00492-00182926-00183177 must is a Hilbert space problem book see
kb-8-hNSrEU-00493-00183178-00183561 the references Percival's identity leads
kb-8-hNSrEU-00494-00183562-00183800 immediately to the following theorem
kb-8-hNSrEU-00495-00183801-00184120 theorem let V be a separable inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00496-00184121-00184324 product space and EK an orthonormal
kb-8-hNSrEU-00497-00184325-00185303 basis of V then the map X e K X K
kb-8-hNSrEU-00498-00185304-00185877 element of n display style X maps tobe
kb-8-hNSrEU-00499-00185878-00186204 igl Langille e underscore K X wrangle
kb-8-hNSrEU-00500-00186205-00186622 big R underscore K in math BN is an
kb-8-hNSrEU-00501-00186623-00186883 isometric linear map VL 2 with a dense
kb-8-hNSrEU-00502-00186884-00187246 image this theorem can be regarded as an
kb-8-hNSrEU-00503-00187247-00187498 abstract form of Fourier series in which
kb-8-hNSrEU-00504-00187499-00187737 an arbitrary orthonormal basis plays the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00505-00187738-00187908 role of the sequence of trigonometric
kb-8-hNSrEU-00506-00187909-00188031 polynomials
kb-8-hNSrEU-00507-00188032-00188316 note that the underlying index set can
kb-8-hNSrEU-00508-00188317-00188548 be taken to be any countable set and in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00509-00188549-00188829 fact any set whatsoever provided l2 is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00510-00188830-00189075 defined appropriately as is explained in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00511-00189076-00189375 the article Hilbert space in particular
kb-8-hNSrEU-00512-00189376-00189600 we obtain the following result in the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00513-00189601-00190050 theory of Fourier series theorem let V
kb-8-hNSrEU-00514-00190051-00190371 be the inner product space C minus PI pi
kb-8-hNSrEU-00515-00190372-00190681 then the sequence indexed on set of all
kb-8-hNSrEU-00516-00190682-00191136 integers of continuous functions II
kb-8-hNSrEU-00517-00191137-00191434 k tea
kb-8-hNSrEU-00518-00191435-00192574 equals e I K T 2 pi displaced i li
kb-8-hNSrEU-00519-00192575-00192877 underscore K T equals frackie carrot i
kb-8-hNSrEU-00520-00192878-00193390 kt s QR t 2 pi is an orthonormal basis
kb-8-hNSrEU-00521-00193391-00193687 of the space C minus pi PI with the L 2
kb-8-hNSrEU-00522-00193688-00194188 inner product the mapping F
kb-8-hNSrEU-00523-00194189-00196074 one two pi minus pi pi F T e minus I K T
kb-8-hNSrEU-00524-00196075-00197062 D T K element of Z displaced I'll f map
kb-8-hNSrEU-00525-00197063-00197431 stove frack 1s QR t 2 pi left int
kb-8-hNSrEU-00526-00197432-00197770 underscore PI carrot pie FTE carrot I
kb-8-hNSrEU-00527-00197771-00198145 Katie mathram DT right underscore K in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00528-00198146-00198523 math beat ed is an isometric linear map
kb-8-hNSrEU-00529-00198524-00198865 with dense image orthogonality of the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00530-00198866-00199147 sequence XK follows immediately from the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00531-00199148-00199446 fact that if K does not equal J then
kb-8-hNSrEU-00532-00199447-00201325 minus pi pi e minus i j- k t d t
kb-8-hNSrEU-00533-00201326-00201841 equals zero display style int underscore
kb-8-hNSrEU-00534-00201842-00202285 PI carat PI e caret ijk t mathram DT
kb-8-hNSrEU-00535-00202286-00202663 equals zero normality of the sequences
kb-8-hNSrEU-00536-00202664-00202894 by design that is the coefficients are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00537-00202895-00203101 so chosen so that the norm comes out to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00538-00203102-00203395 one finally the fact that the sequence
kb-8-hNSrEU-00539-00203396-00203620 has a dense algebraic span in the inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00540-00203621-00203824 product norm follows from the fact that
kb-8-hNSrEU-00541-00203825-00204052 the sequence has a dense algebraic span
kb-8-hNSrEU-00542-00204053-00204220 this time in the space of continuous
kb-8-hNSrEU-00543-00204221-00204547 periodic functions on minus pi pi with
kb-8-hNSrEU-00544-00204548-00204859 the uniform norm this is the content of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00545-00204860-00205065 the Weierstrass theorem on the uniform
kb-8-hNSrEU-00546-00205066-00205838 density of trigonometric polynomials
kb-8-hNSrEU-00547-00205839-00206571 topic operators on inner product spaces
kb-8-hNSrEU-00548-00206571-00206828 several types of linear maps are from an
kb-8-hNSrEU-00549-00206829-00207005 inner product space V to an inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00550-00207006-00207302 product space W ur of relevance
kb-8-hNSrEU-00551-00207303-00207623 continuous linear maps ie a is linear
kb-8-hNSrEU-00552-00207625-00207791 and continuous with respect to the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00553-00207792-00208016 metric defined above or equivalently a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00554-00208017-00208190 is linear in the set of non-negative
kb-8-hNSrEU-00555-00208191-00208511 reals ax where X ranges over the closed
kb-8-hNSrEU-00556-00208512-00208880 unit ball of V is bounded symmetric
kb-8-hNSrEU-00557-00208881-00209207 linear operators ie a is linear and ax y
kb-8-hNSrEU-00558-00209208-00209660 equals x a for all XY in V I symmetries
kb-8-hNSrEU-00559-00209661-00210366 ie a is linear an ax a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00560-00210367-00210767 topic X Y for all X Y and V or
kb-8-hNSrEU-00561-00210769-00211477 equivalently a is linear and ax
kb-8-hNSrEU-00562-00211478-00211792 X for all X in V all isometries are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00563-00211792-00212053 injective isometries are morphisms
kb-8-hNSrEU-00564-00212054-00212242 between inner product spaces and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00565-00212242-00212448 morphisms of real inner product spaces
kb-8-hNSrEU-00566-00212450-00212698 are orthogonal transformations compared
kb-8-hNSrEU-00567-00212698-00213052 with orthogonal matrix I symmetrical
kb-8-hNSrEU-00568-00213053-00213355 isomorphisms ie a is an isometry which
kb-8-hNSrEU-00569-00213356-00213648 is surjective and hence by ejected I
kb-8-hNSrEU-00570-00213648-00213916 symmetrical isomorphisms are also known
kb-8-hNSrEU-00571-00213917-00214132 as unitary operators compared with
kb-8-hNSrEU-00572-00214133-00214378 unitary matrix from the point of view of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00573-00214379-00214585 inner product space theory there is no
kb-8-hNSrEU-00574-00214586-00214789 need to distinguish between two spaces
kb-8-hNSrEU-00575-00214790-00215119 which are isometrically isomorphic the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00576-00215119-00215314 spectral theorem provides a canonical
kb-8-hNSrEU-00577-00215315-00215566 form for symmetric unitary and more
kb-8-hNSrEU-00578-00215567-00215788 generally normal operators on finite
kb-8-hNSrEU-00579-00215789-00216096 dimensional inner product spaces a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00580-00216096-00216313 generalization of the spectral theorem
kb-8-hNSrEU-00581-00216314-00216562 holds for continuous normal operators in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00582-00216563-00217200 Hilbert spaces
kb-8-hNSrEU-00583-00217201-00217815 topic generalizations
kb-8-hNSrEU-00584-00217816-00218046 any of the axioms of an inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00585-00218046-00218265 may be weakened yielding generalized
kb-8-hNSrEU-00586-00218266-00218589 notions the generalizations that are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00587-00218590-00218810 closest to inner products occur where by
kb-8-hNSrEU-00588-00218811-00219023 linearity and conjugate symmetry are
kb-8-hNSrEU-00589-00219025-00219237 retained but positive definiteness is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00590-00219238-00219796 weakened
kb-8-hNSrEU-00591-00219798-00220415 topic degenerate inner products
kb-8-hNSrEU-00592-00220416-00220637 if V is a vector space and a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00593-00220638-00220892 semi-definite sesquilinear form then the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00594-00220892-00221773 function x equals x x display style x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00595-00221775-00222284 equals s QR t Langille x x r angle makes
kb-8-hNSrEU-00596-00222285-00222509 sense and satisfies all the properties
kb-8-hNSrEU-00597-00222510-00223098 of norm except that x
kb-8-hNSrEU-00598-00223098-00223803 topic zero does not imply X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00599-00223804-00224088 zero such a functional is then called a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00600-00224089-00224334 semi norm we can produce an inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00601-00224335-00224523 product space by considering the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00602-00224523-00225041 quotient W
kb-8-hNSrEU-00603-00225042-00225694 topic V X X
kb-8-hNSrEU-00604-00225694-00226048 zero the sesquilinear form factors
kb-8-hNSrEU-00605-00226050-00226421 through w this construction is used in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00606-00226421-00226730 numerous contexts the gal fan my mark
kb-8-hNSrEU-00607-00226731-00226928 Segal construction is a particularly
kb-8-hNSrEU-00608-00226929-00227153 important example of the use of this
kb-8-hNSrEU-00609-00227154-00227438 technique another example is the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00610-00227439-00227675 representation of semi definite kernels
kb-8-hNSrEU-00611-00227676-00228315 on arbitrary sets
kb-8-hNSrEU-00612-00228316-00228627 topic nondegenerate conjugate symmetric
kb-8-hNSrEU-00613-00228628-00229067 forms
kb-8-hNSrEU-00614-00229069-00229321 alternatively one may require that the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00615-00229321-00229555 pairing be a non degenerate form meaning
kb-8-hNSrEU-00616-00229556-00229798 that for all nonzero X there exists some
kb-8-hNSrEU-00617-00229798-00230073 Y such that X Y does not equal 0 though
kb-8-hNSrEU-00618-00230075-00230334 I need not equal X in other words the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00619-00230335-00230548 induced map to the dual space VV is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00620-00230548-00230854 injective this generalization is
kb-8-hNSrEU-00621-00230855-00231082 important in differential geometry a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00622-00231083-00231313 manifold whose tangent spaces have an
kb-8-hNSrEU-00623-00231314-00231519 inner product is a Riemannian manifold
kb-8-hNSrEU-00624-00231521-00231660 while if this is related to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00625-00231661-00231898 nondegenerate conjugate symmetric form
kb-8-hNSrEU-00626-00231898-00232066 the manifold is a pseudo-riemannian
kb-8-hNSrEU-00627-00232067-00232417 manifold by Sylvester's law of inertia
kb-8-hNSrEU-00628-00232417-00232659 just as every inner product is similar
kb-8-hNSrEU-00629-00232660-00232846 to the dot product with positive weights
kb-8-hNSrEU-00630-00232846-00233053 on a set of vectors every nondegenerate
kb-8-hNSrEU-00631-00233054-00233314 conjugate symmetric form is similar to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00632-00233315-00233517 the dot product with nonzero weights on
kb-8-hNSrEU-00633-00233519-00233698 a set of vectors and the number of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00634-00233698-00233892 positive and negative weights are called
kb-8-hNSrEU-00635-00233894-00234106 respectively the positive index and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00636-00234107-00234415 negative index product of vectors in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00637-00234416-00234628 minkovski space is an example of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00638-00234629-00234790 indefinite in a product although
kb-8-hNSrEU-00639-00234791-00235032 technically speaking it is not an inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00640-00235033-00235198 product according to the standard
kb-8-hNSrEU-00641-00235198-00235513 definition above minkovski space has
kb-8-hNSrEU-00642-00235514-00235726 four dimensions and indices 3 & 1
kb-8-hNSrEU-00643-00235727-00236230 assignment of plus and minus two them
kb-8-hNSrEU-00644-00236231-00236596 differs depending on conventions purely
kb-8-hNSrEU-00645-00236596-00236817 algebraic statements ones that do not
kb-8-hNSrEU-00646-00236819-00237082 use positivity usually only rely on the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00647-00237083-00237256 non degeneracy the injective
kb-8-hNSrEU-00648-00237257-00237498 homomorphism VV and thus hold more
kb-8-hNSrEU-00649-00237500-00238085 generally
kb-8-hNSrEU-00650-00238086-00238696 topic related products
kb-8-hNSrEU-00651-00238698-00239069 the term inner product is opposed to
kb-8-hNSrEU-00652-00239069-00239269 outer product which is a slightly more
kb-8-hNSrEU-00653-00239271-00239630 general opposite simply in coordinates
kb-8-hNSrEU-00654-00239631-00239864 the inner product is the product of a 1
kb-8-hNSrEU-00655-00239865-00240133 x n co vector with an N times 1 vector
kb-8-hNSrEU-00656-00240134-00240437 yielding a 1 x 1 matrix a scalar while
kb-8-hNSrEU-00657-00240438-00240646 the outer product is the product of an M
kb-8-hNSrEU-00658-00240648-00240875 times 1 vector with a 1 times n Co
kb-8-hNSrEU-00659-00240876-00241138 vector yielding an M times n matrix
kb-8-hNSrEU-00660-00241139-00241408 note that the outer product is defined
kb-8-hNSrEU-00661-00241409-00241621 for different dimensions while the inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00662-00241623-00241916 product requires the same dimension if
kb-8-hNSrEU-00663-00241917-00242134 the dimensions are the same then the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00664-00242135-00242332 inner product is the trace of the outer
kb-8-hNSrEU-00665-00242333-00242537 product trace only being properly
kb-8-hNSrEU-00666-00242538-00242869 defined for square matrices in Equipe
kb-8-hNSrEU-00667-00242871-00243184 inner is horizontal times vertical and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00668-00243185-00243433 shrinks down outer is vertical times
kb-8-hNSrEU-00669-00243434-00243898 horizontal and expands out more
kb-8-hNSrEU-00670-00243900-00244123 abstractly the outer product is the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00671-00244125-00244498 bilinear map W times V Homme V W sending
kb-8-hNSrEU-00672-00244500-00244691 a vector in a co vector to a Rank 1
kb-8-hNSrEU-00673-00244692-00244942 linear transformation simple tensor of
kb-8-hNSrEU-00674-00244944-00245194 type 1 1 while the inner product is the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00675-00245196-00245444 bilinear evaluation map V times V F
kb-8-hNSrEU-00676-00245444-00245651 given by evaluating a co vector on a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00677-00245652-00245855 vector the order of the domain vector
kb-8-hNSrEU-00678-00245856-00246053 spaces here reflects the co vector
kb-8-hNSrEU-00679-00246054-00246385 vector distinction the inner product and
kb-8-hNSrEU-00680-00246386-00246569 outer product should not be confused
kb-8-hNSrEU-00681-00246569-00246794 with the interior product and exterior
kb-8-hNSrEU-00682-00246794-00247019 product which are instead operations on
kb-8-hNSrEU-00683-00247019-00247253 vector fields and differential forms or
kb-8-hNSrEU-00684-00247254-00247430 more generally on the exterior algebra
kb-8-hNSrEU-00685-00247431-00247838 as a further complication in geometric
kb-8-hNSrEU-00686-00247839-00248003 algebra the inner product and the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00687-00248004-00248233 exterior Grossmont product are combined
kb-8-hNSrEU-00688-00248234-00248431 in the geometric product the Clifford
kb-8-hNSrEU-00689-00248432-00248630 product in a Clifford algebra the inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00690-00248631-00248900 product sends two vectors 1 vectors to a
kb-8-hNSrEU-00691-00248901-00249146 scalar a 0 vector while the exterior
kb-8-hNSrEU-00692-00249146-00249404 product sends two vectors to a by vector
kb-8-hNSrEU-00693-00249405-00249607 2 vector and in this context the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00694-00249608-00249832 exterior product is usually called the
kb-8-hNSrEU-00695-00249833-00250037 outer product alternatively Wedge
kb-8-hNSrEU-00696-00250038-00250313 product the inner product is more
kb-8-hNSrEU-00697-00250314-00250507 correctly called a scalar product in
kb-8-hNSrEU-00698-00250508-00250675 this context as the nondegenerate
kb-8-hNSrEU-00699-00250676-00250930 quadratic form in question need not be
kb-8-hNSrEU-00700-00250931-00251126 positive definite need not be an inner
kb-8-hNSrEU-00701-00251127-00251714 product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00702-00251715-00252282 topic see you also
kb-8-hNSrEU-00703-00252283-00252764 space mathematics semi inner product
kb-8-hNSrEU-00704-00252765-00253302 normed vector space energetic space dual
kb-8-hNSrEU-00705-00253303-00253769 space by a 'el system by linear
kb-8-hNSrEU-00706-00253771-00254244 form equals equals notes
ke7z4iRRzq8-00000-00000000-00000214 okay so basically the experiment i'm
ke7z4iRRzq8-00001-00000215-00000399 going to do
ke7z4iRRzq8-00002-00000400-00000726 is the shorts get more
ke7z4iRRzq8-00003-00000727-00000975 views than the normal videos why am i
ke7z4iRRzq8-00004-00000976-00001119 doing this
ke7z4iRRzq8-00005-00001120-00001423 because i need more uploads no that's
ke7z4iRRzq8-00006-00001424-00001574 not
ke7z4iRRzq8-00007-00001575-00002302 just kidding is it
ke7z4iRRzq8-00008-00002303-00002655 i need more uploads what can i do
ke7z4iRRzq8-00009-00002656-00003151 my brain can't
ke7z4iRRzq8-00010-00003152-00003327 [Music]
ke7z4iRRzq8-00011-00003328-00003638 listen to me my brain can't come up with
ke7z4iRRzq8-00012-00003639-00003975 good ideas so many ideas
ke7z4iRRzq8-00013-00003976-00004206 and my brain doesn't have the power to
ke7z4iRRzq8-00014-00004207-00004311 edit all day
ke7z4iRRzq8-00015-00004312-00004622 and so um i will lose so starting from
ke7z4iRRzq8-00016-00004623-00004719 tomorrow
ke7z4iRRzq8-00017-00004720-00005022 um h what will be getting out okay i'm
ke7z4iRRzq8-00018-00005023-00005079 good
ke7z4iRRzq8-00019-00005080-00005592 okay yeah okay good okay bye
keBML0Kvdgc-00000-00000152-00000413 good night
keBML0Kvdgc-00001-00000413-00000559 take care
keBML0Kvdgc-00002-00000560-00001211 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00003-00001212-00001655 today
keBML0Kvdgc-00004-00001655-00001810 oh
keBML0Kvdgc-00005-00001811-00001985 hello
keBML0Kvdgc-00006-00001986-00003629 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00007-00003629-00003878 but then hello
keBML0Kvdgc-00008-00003879-00004451 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00009-00004452-00004644 thank you
keBML0Kvdgc-00010-00004645-00005501 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00011-00005502-00005938 you know it's raining
keBML0Kvdgc-00012-00005939-00007037 in Bangalore today
keBML0Kvdgc-00013-00007038-00008175 okay
keBML0Kvdgc-00014-00008176-00010709 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00015-00010710-00011603 so we are almost
keBML0Kvdgc-00016-00011604-00012713 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00017-00012714-00013894 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00018-00013895-00014303 I am
keBML0Kvdgc-00019-00014304-00014807 I am
keBML0Kvdgc-00020-00014808-00015227 how he's doing doing good thank you
keBML0Kvdgc-00021-00015228-00015413 yeah she had a video yeah yeah I saw
keBML0Kvdgc-00022-00015413-00015580 that he's playing then mama is not
keBML0Kvdgc-00023-00015581-00015736 crying right
keBML0Kvdgc-00024-00015737-00015916 thank you
keBML0Kvdgc-00025-00015918-00016589 I am
keBML0Kvdgc-00026-00016590-00016967 getting getting getting cello
keBML0Kvdgc-00027-00016968-00017099 yeah
keBML0Kvdgc-00028-00017100-00017239 sit
keBML0Kvdgc-00029-00017240-00017550 here please
keBML0Kvdgc-00030-00017551-00019144 okay okay
keBML0Kvdgc-00031-00019145-00019791 I am
keBML0Kvdgc-00032-00019792-00020405 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00033-00020406-00020807 foreign
keBML0Kvdgc-00034-00020808-00022235 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00035-00022236-00023370 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00036-00023371-00023693 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00037-00023694-00025872 foreign
keBML0Kvdgc-00038-00025873-00026237 what is that
keBML0Kvdgc-00039-00026238-00027605 what is that better
keBML0Kvdgc-00040-00027606-00027911 I'm gonna say OK Google
keBML0Kvdgc-00041-00027912-00028139 OK Google
keBML0Kvdgc-00042-00028139-00029137 play which come by Sean
keBML0Kvdgc-00043-00029138-00029946 Okay Google
keBML0Kvdgc-00044-00029947-00030349 play on Spotify
keBML0Kvdgc-00045-00030350-00031007 what you are doing
keBML0Kvdgc-00046-00031008-00031799 I am want to drink water
keBML0Kvdgc-00047-00031800-00032189 ah
keBML0Kvdgc-00048-00032189-00033425 um
keBML0Kvdgc-00049-00033426-00033954 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00050-00033955-00034240 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00051-00034241-00034353 foreign
keBML0Kvdgc-00052-00034354-00036221 [Music]
keBML0Kvdgc-00053-00036222-00036515 hello what's up
keBML0Kvdgc-00054-00036516-00036712 what's up
keBML0Kvdgc-00055-00036713-00037379 what's up
keBML0Kvdgc-00056-00037380-00037512 foreign
keBML0Kvdgc-00057-00037513-00037854 [Music]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00000-00000182-00000437 where's Rexy how can you get out like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00001-00000438-00000580 can you actually
kgkZpeAk8wc-00002-00000581-00001667 oh no oh no oh no no no
kgkZpeAk8wc-00003-00001668-00002075 hello everybody and welcome to Jurassic
kgkZpeAk8wc-00004-00002076-00002465 world in Minecraft where finally finally
kgkZpeAk8wc-00005-00002466-00002734 they've changed the settings so that now
kgkZpeAk8wc-00006-00002735-00003005 the audio of the music is not on the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00007-00003006-00003665 same layer as the flipping sound
kgkZpeAk8wc-00008-00003665-00003893 so I don't have to now like put in all
kgkZpeAk8wc-00009-00003894-00004049 the dinosaur sound effects that you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00010-00004050-00004181 you've heard in all the previous videos
kgkZpeAk8wc-00011-00004182-00004583 yeah that's right I put all those in I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00012-00004584-00004847 want to shoot myself so welcome back
kgkZpeAk8wc-00013-00004848-00005129 everybody a week of Action Pack video
kgkZpeAk8wc-00014-00005130-00005386 for you today what we are gonna do
kgkZpeAk8wc-00015-00005387-00005818 however is make some hybrids but first
kgkZpeAk8wc-00016-00005819-00006004 off I need to find my helicopter ah
kgkZpeAk8wc-00017-00006005-00006056 there it is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00018-00006057-00006583 [Music]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00019-00006584-00006833 nope never mind nope just the music
kgkZpeAk8wc-00020-00006834-00007073 wasn't playing before Fantastics they
kgkZpeAk8wc-00021-00007073-00007427 didn't fix that oh look at all this this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00022-00007428-00007589 is so cool so we got some things to
kgkZpeAk8wc-00023-00007590-00007883 check out guys I apparently you guys
kgkZpeAk8wc-00024-00007884-00008056 told me that the visitor center the old
kgkZpeAk8wc-00025-00008058-00008603 Visitor Center is all the way over here
kgkZpeAk8wc-00026-00008604-00009005 oh that's the mini Avery I made ah now
kgkZpeAk8wc-00027-00009006-00009221 it makes sense I was wondering what this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00028-00009222-00009455 building was but the however there was
kgkZpeAk8wc-00029-00009456-00009635 one thing you guys told me to check out
kgkZpeAk8wc-00030-00009636-00009892 and that is the jarosphere and in the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00031-00009893-00010121 gyrosphere enclosure
kgkZpeAk8wc-00032-00010122-00010463 there is hidden DNA yeah I could see it
kgkZpeAk8wc-00033-00010464-00010805 already damn it there it is oh God you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00034-00010806-00010985 thought you could hold out on me look at
kgkZpeAk8wc-00035-00010986-00011335 you oh oh I've got a lot of golf balls
kgkZpeAk8wc-00036-00011336-00011602 yes yes yes yes
kgkZpeAk8wc-00037-00011603-00012055 [Music]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00038-00012056-00012341 I think that's all the DNA we've got now
kgkZpeAk8wc-00039-00012342-00012635 no it's the cam Cretaceous Easter egg
kgkZpeAk8wc-00040-00012636-00012802 again that's so cool how they have this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00041-00012803-00012994 Easter egg in here even though like the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00042-00012995-00013169 thing's not released yet but they know
kgkZpeAk8wc-00043-00013169-00013361 they made this for future because these
kgkZpeAk8wc-00044-00013362-00013505 are the treetop things let's take the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00045-00013506-00013666 monorail back to the Love Soda haven't
kgkZpeAk8wc-00046-00013668-00013799 done this in ages let's face a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00047-00013800-00014125 helicopter on the top it's fine please
kgkZpeAk8wc-00048-00014126-00014351 oh wait you just take me to a place
kgkZpeAk8wc-00049-00014352-00014638 innovation
kgkZpeAk8wc-00050-00014640-00014885 that is that's a new kind of monorail
kgkZpeAk8wc-00051-00014886-00015125 I've never seen before Jesus all right
kgkZpeAk8wc-00052-00015126-00015269 fair enough I've never entered from this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00053-00015269-00015407 angle
kgkZpeAk8wc-00054-00015408-00015857 let's go hey John Hammond how you doing
kgkZpeAk8wc-00055-00015858-00015971 already I hope it's not me you're
kgkZpeAk8wc-00056-00015972-00016258 talking about okay let's see
kgkZpeAk8wc-00057-00016259-00016541 oh we're still missing one DNA ah I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00058-00016542-00016708 wonder what that last DNA is and where
kgkZpeAk8wc-00059-00016709-00016819 to find it
kgkZpeAk8wc-00060-00016820-00017057 Well you guys are very kind enough to
kgkZpeAk8wc-00061-00017058-00017230 tell me that well actually you want to
kgkZpeAk8wc-00062-00017231-00017465 see hybrids all you do is take freaking
kgkZpeAk8wc-00063-00017466-00017735 Diamond the Woo's little book you're
kgkZpeAk8wc-00064-00017736-00017897 looking here
kgkZpeAk8wc-00065-00017898-00018130 and look you just have to scroll to like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00066-00018131-00019033 that last few pages
kgkZpeAk8wc-00067-00019034-00019294 we have indominus Rex which we got from
kgkZpeAk8wc-00068-00019295-00019522 the endurance Rex enclosure
kgkZpeAk8wc-00069-00019523-00019775 um sticky Libre is that is that a new
kgkZpeAk8wc-00070-00019776-00020039 hybrid we got the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00071-00020040-00020393 Omega Rex 3T three T-Rex two sticky
kgkZpeAk8wc-00072-00020394-00020722 orange color saw a one Triceratops the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00073-00020723-00020947 Sim esophagus
kgkZpeAk8wc-00074-00020948-00021280 three powers two galleys all wrapped or
kgkZpeAk8wc-00075-00021281-00021443 sticky and I hope before this is cool
kgkZpeAk8wc-00076-00021444-00021749 look they're not the Taurus Spinosaurus
kgkZpeAk8wc-00077-00021750-00022013 and stegosaur and Raptor with loads of
kgkZpeAk8wc-00078-00022014-00022157 different combinations we've got the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00079-00022158-00022325 Puma Raptor that's a thing that can be
kgkZpeAk8wc-00080-00022326-00022891 trained and the plastic it's placidious
kgkZpeAk8wc-00081-00022892-00023244 what the hell is this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00082-00023245-00023461 oh my God
kgkZpeAk8wc-00083-00023462-00023908 the heck is that Turtle DNA oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00084-00023909-00024233 oh no oh no are they still around this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00085-00024234-00024383 corner
kgkZpeAk8wc-00086-00024384-00024622 oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00087-00024623-00024880 I need to take care guys I'm Gonna Leave
kgkZpeAk8wc-00088-00024881-00025157 This open for a second nobody including
kgkZpeAk8wc-00089-00025158-00025361 you I see you don't you go in there but
kgkZpeAk8wc-00090-00025362-00025625 look he's chipping out some Amber I see
kgkZpeAk8wc-00091-00025626-00025799 you don't you dare going I'm gonna go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00092-00025800-00025961 out for two seconds and you're gonna do
kgkZpeAk8wc-00093-00025962-00026111 it aren't you okay
kgkZpeAk8wc-00094-00026112-00026249 get down
kgkZpeAk8wc-00095-00026250-00026695 give that Jesus I love the tiny
kgkZpeAk8wc-00096-00026695-00027067 they're so cute
kgkZpeAk8wc-00097-00027068-00027287 but I definitely know it sounded though
kgkZpeAk8wc-00098-00027288-00027439 did they
kgkZpeAk8wc-00099-00027439-00027677 hello I'm so cool you can change it like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00100-00027677-00027868 that right blue sorry I kept you in
kgkZpeAk8wc-00101-00027869-00028105 there you have fun out here okay
kgkZpeAk8wc-00102-00028106-00028420 yeah I knew it I knew you were running
kgkZpeAk8wc-00103-00028422-00028661 he went straight forward what about the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00104-00028662-00029005 blonde dude
kgkZpeAk8wc-00105-00029006-00029431 I'll use your DNA to make some dinosaurs
kgkZpeAk8wc-00106-00029432-00029699 I can't today you guys why not hey let
kgkZpeAk8wc-00107-00029700-00029896 me pick him up try a new all right
kgkZpeAk8wc-00108-00029897-00030149 that's it you're getting the hand of God
kgkZpeAk8wc-00109-00030150-00030485 yeah there we go beautiful would you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00110-00030486-00030695 like a hot dog I should just use one of
kgkZpeAk8wc-00111-00030695-00030899 these maybe way better I try to capture
kgkZpeAk8wc-00112-00030900-00031085 them but it wasn't having it whenever
kgkZpeAk8wc-00113-00031086-00031301 many dinosaurs we've killed now too many
kgkZpeAk8wc-00114-00031302-00031655 to count okay let's make an indoraptor
kgkZpeAk8wc-00115-00031656-00032087 shall we two Velociraptor two T-Rex and
kgkZpeAk8wc-00116-00032088-00032285 two cuttlefish do I have cuttlefish in
kgkZpeAk8wc-00117-00032286-00032393 here I have two fog well there's two
kgkZpeAk8wc-00118-00032394-00032658 cuttlefish so that's a cuttlefish done
kgkZpeAk8wc-00119-00032660-00032962 there she is and where's the Raptor DNA
kgkZpeAk8wc-00120-00032963-00033418 yes
kgkZpeAk8wc-00121-00033419-00033665 this will be good and all we need to do
kgkZpeAk8wc-00122-00033666-00033779 is put it in here right and then we get
kgkZpeAk8wc-00123-00033780-00033952 an interrupted that simple that quick
kgkZpeAk8wc-00124-00033953-00034259 bam done what are you what are you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00125-00034260-00034685 looking at get away get away
kgkZpeAk8wc-00126-00034686-00034981 cuttlefish cuttlefish Velociraptor
kgkZpeAk8wc-00127-00034982-00035279 Velociraptor T-Rex
kgkZpeAk8wc-00128-00035280-00035651 um the final one will this make the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00129-00035652-00035862 window Raptor
kgkZpeAk8wc-00130-00035863-00036096 interrupted you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00131-00036097-00036293 could make like different types of
kgkZpeAk8wc-00132-00036294-00036521 indoraptors or is it just one indoraptor
kgkZpeAk8wc-00133-00036522-00036809 okay okay we've done it we've jumped
kgkZpeAk8wc-00134-00036810-00036971 films we're not Jurassic world we're
kgkZpeAk8wc-00135-00036972-00037309 falling kingdom now
kgkZpeAk8wc-00136-00037310-00037829 ooh interrupter embryo
kgkZpeAk8wc-00137-00037830-00038201 who's Avengers ah there it is oh hey all
kgkZpeAk8wc-00138-00038202-00038411 right let's see let's see it shall we
kgkZpeAk8wc-00139-00038412-00038602 will it be deadly as soon as it hatches
kgkZpeAk8wc-00140-00038603-00038929 I don't know here we go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00141-00038930-00039415 oh what oh wow that looks so cool
kgkZpeAk8wc-00142-00039416-00039611 whoa
kgkZpeAk8wc-00143-00039612-00040123 whoa oh my God that's awesome oh baby
kgkZpeAk8wc-00144-00040124-00040355 why is the door not closing oh no now
kgkZpeAk8wc-00145-00040356-00040624 I'm closed in with it no that's not what
kgkZpeAk8wc-00146-00040625-00040733 I wanted oh no
kgkZpeAk8wc-00147-00040734-00040890 [Music]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00148-00040891-00041195 oh no oh no you're not supposed to be
kgkZpeAk8wc-00149-00041196-00041321 out here
kgkZpeAk8wc-00150-00041322-00041543 this is not your place all right then
kgkZpeAk8wc-00151-00041544-00041767 here we go sedation time
kgkZpeAk8wc-00152-00041768-00042065 yeah there we go oh my God the amount of
kgkZpeAk8wc-00153-00042066-00042239 Health that you have no come back here
kgkZpeAk8wc-00154-00042240-00042527 now we have one more test to do where's
kgkZpeAk8wc-00155-00042528-00042718 interrupt is it gonna be oh look there
kgkZpeAk8wc-00156-00042719-00043043 it is it is part of the hybrid oh wow
kgkZpeAk8wc-00157-00043044-00043474 okay indoraptor so many indoraptor X oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00158-00043475-00043643 we need to make an adult then we can dot
kgkZpeAk8wc-00159-00043644-00043774 it okay so I'm gonna close this door
kgkZpeAk8wc-00160-00043775-00044039 there you go there we go okay now
kgkZpeAk8wc-00161-00044040-00044273 apparently I have a dinosaur
kgkZpeAk8wc-00162-00044274-00044573 well it's gone now anyways so we're
kgkZpeAk8wc-00163-00044574-00044693 gonna make the interrupter in here
kgkZpeAk8wc-00164-00044694-00044849 Shazam
kgkZpeAk8wc-00165-00044850-00045161 and then we're going to feed it and it's
kgkZpeAk8wc-00166-00045162-00045346 gonna get big and then we're gonna dot
kgkZpeAk8wc-00167-00045347-00045671 it hopefully we won't die here we go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00168-00045672-00045874 easy oh wait no we don't want that we
kgkZpeAk8wc-00169-00045875-00046024 want the lamb chops but I've got the dot
kgkZpeAk8wc-00170-00046025-00046465 ready one two three four
kgkZpeAk8wc-00171-00046466-00046624 five
kgkZpeAk8wc-00172-00046625-00046746 six
kgkZpeAk8wc-00173-00046747-00046993 seven eight
kgkZpeAk8wc-00174-00046994-00047515 nine oh god there it is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00175-00047516-00047779 okay get in the crate
kgkZpeAk8wc-00176-00047780-00048227 right now for my cunning plan I need hot
kgkZpeAk8wc-00177-00048228-00048467 dogs I think now it's about time we go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00178-00048468-00048851 visit the indominus Rex mizrani I need
kgkZpeAk8wc-00179-00048852-00049073 the 10th helicopter can you give me one
kgkZpeAk8wc-00180-00049074-00049277 thank you right it's just over here I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00181-00049278-00049445 think if I remember right over there
kgkZpeAk8wc-00182-00049446-00049583 there it is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00183-00049584-00049936 it's just helicopters are everywhere
kgkZpeAk8wc-00184-00049937-00050285 everywhere there's a helicopter
kgkZpeAk8wc-00185-00050286-00050518 oh there's interrupter
kgkZpeAk8wc-00186-00050519-00050752 oh there's three helicopters here now
kgkZpeAk8wc-00187-00050753-00050957 let's drop them in the ocean I know what
kgkZpeAk8wc-00188-00050958-00051124 you want me to say okay let's have a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00189-00051125-00051382 look let's check in on indominus Rex and
kgkZpeAk8wc-00190-00051383-00051520 I want to make these two fight each
kgkZpeAk8wc-00191-00051521-00051725 other and see who would win indoraptor
kgkZpeAk8wc-00192-00051726-00052108 or indominus Rex what would you say is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00193-00052109-00052325 the best way we go about this eh we're
kgkZpeAk8wc-00194-00052326-00052426 gonna have to take the little little
kgkZpeAk8wc-00195-00052427-00052780 entrance hatch okay very careful here oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00196-00052782-00053075 the door is already open fantastic okay
kgkZpeAk8wc-00197-00053076-00053261 if we're somewhere
kgkZpeAk8wc-00198-00053262-00053465 it was so much sneaky
kgkZpeAk8wc-00199-00053466-00053771 it can't get us yeah here we go you have
kgkZpeAk8wc-00200-00053772-00053944 to be by trees
kgkZpeAk8wc-00201-00053945-00054244 as long as we're behind by trees
kgkZpeAk8wc-00202-00054245-00054659 indoors Rex can't reach us oh oh she can
kgkZpeAk8wc-00203-00054660-00054911 bloody tried oh God that's too close
kgkZpeAk8wc-00204-00054912-00055361 that's too close that's too close
kgkZpeAk8wc-00205-00055362-00055588 okay here we go here we go okay in the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00206-00055589-00055697 Raptor
kgkZpeAk8wc-00207-00055698-00055979 oh this is gonna be interesting you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00208-00055979-00056539 ready ready interruptive
kgkZpeAk8wc-00209-00056540-00056761 [Music]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00210-00056762-00057088 oh God oh God oh God oh interrupt is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00211-00057089-00057199 stuck
kgkZpeAk8wc-00212-00057200-00057611 oh I got stuck in trees dump trucks
kgkZpeAk8wc-00213-00057612-00057792 can't get to me here
kgkZpeAk8wc-00214-00057794-00058188 don't tell me I have to free you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00215-00058189-00058432 okay hold on in the rap there we go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00216-00058433-00058673 there we go okay okay chop the tree chop
kgkZpeAk8wc-00217-00058674-00058841 the tree no okay okay here we go here we
kgkZpeAk8wc-00218-00058841-00059032 go is that enough are you free okay I'll
kgkZpeAk8wc-00219-00059033-00059249 delete this tree too where's indominus
kgkZpeAk8wc-00220-00059250-00059471 indominus is here are you free now there
kgkZpeAk8wc-00221-00059472-00059638 we go we're gonna sedate again
kgkZpeAk8wc-00222-00059639-00059800 it's gonna make sure there's no trees
kgkZpeAk8wc-00223-00059801-00060222 over here oh God no no no run run
kgkZpeAk8wc-00224-00060223-00061030 [Applause]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00225-00061032-00061300 oh there you go oh they're fighting each
kgkZpeAk8wc-00226-00061301-00061571 other yes here we are this is what we
kgkZpeAk8wc-00227-00061572-00061919 wanted to see wow oh it double strikes
kgkZpeAk8wc-00228-00061920-00062285 completely destroyed in the Raptor Jesus
kgkZpeAk8wc-00229-00062286-00062591 there was no fight in it uh well then
kgkZpeAk8wc-00230-00062591-00062782 you have your you have your answer folks
kgkZpeAk8wc-00231-00062783-00063094 indominus Rex would easy people to beat
kgkZpeAk8wc-00232-00063095-00063365 indoraptor maybe interrupt us to uh oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00233-00063366-00063599 God look at it with its clever AI trying
kgkZpeAk8wc-00234-00063600-00063875 to work out how to get to me no stop it
kgkZpeAk8wc-00235-00063876-00064103 let's make a run go go go go go go go go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00236-00064104-00064330 go go go oh yeah that's right I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00237-00064332-00064492 completely forgot there's a place here
kgkZpeAk8wc-00238-00064494-00064787 we still have never been to the T-Rex
kgkZpeAk8wc-00239-00064788-00065038 Kingdom oh my God it's not even been
kgkZpeAk8wc-00240-00065039-00065321 here hold on any more disaster dogs more
kgkZpeAk8wc-00241-00065322-00065476 disaster hey look that's that gorilla
kgkZpeAk8wc-00242-00065477-00065669 Delta got cooked on oh fantastic do I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00243-00065670-00065921 take damage if I go on it sector 1
kgkZpeAk8wc-00244-00065922-00066125 security okay so this is it this is the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00245-00066126-00066538 tier thing this is the log
kgkZpeAk8wc-00246-00066539-00066731 oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00247-00066732-00067073 is Rexy in here oh she is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00248-00067074-00067444 I want to say hello to Rex my oh so
kgkZpeAk8wc-00249-00067445-00067606 this is where the goat gets placed down
kgkZpeAk8wc-00250-00067607-00067775 and Rex is over here for whatever reason
kgkZpeAk8wc-00251-00067776-00068111 hello guide welcome to T-Rex Kingdom
kgkZpeAk8wc-00252-00068112-00068291 where you can witness the power and
kgkZpeAk8wc-00253-00068292-00068513 Majesty of the queen of the diamond
kgkZpeAk8wc-00254-00068514-00068729 lizards this Tyrannosaurus Rex was
kgkZpeAk8wc-00255-00068730-00068891 rescued from the original Russell Park
kgkZpeAk8wc-00256-00068892-00069149 people call her Rexy you have a bun for
kgkZpeAk8wc-00257-00069150-00069647 the goat oh you do oh look at I go this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00258-00069648-00069779 is wrong
kgkZpeAk8wc-00259-00069780-00070126 oh that's so cool guys what if we
kgkZpeAk8wc-00260-00070127-00070444 released Rexy and put an indominus Rex
kgkZpeAk8wc-00261-00070445-00070756 in like the main Courtyard and recreated
kgkZpeAk8wc-00262-00070757-00070913 Jurassic world because Blue's already
kgkZpeAk8wc-00263-00070914-00071026 there
kgkZpeAk8wc-00264-00071027-00071423 would they fight each other ooh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00265-00071424-00071656 that'd be interesting okay oh so this is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00266-00071657-00071897 a back alley this is where you run with
kgkZpeAk8wc-00267-00071898-00072053 product nine do you think Rexy would be
kgkZpeAk8wc-00268-00072054-00072244 able to get out if I open the door just
kgkZpeAk8wc-00269-00072245-00072455 and they've programmed it that way so
kgkZpeAk8wc-00270-00072456-00072623 this is Paddock nine right
kgkZpeAk8wc-00271-00072624-00072869 this is this is product nine
kgkZpeAk8wc-00272-00072870-00073103 this is what does this go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00273-00073104-00073325 oh what does this do
kgkZpeAk8wc-00274-00073326-00073481 uh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00275-00073482-00073655 I have no idea what those buttons do
kgkZpeAk8wc-00276-00073656-00073943 okay and if I open this door
kgkZpeAk8wc-00277-00073944-00074759 oh God
kgkZpeAk8wc-00278-00074760-00075161 oh God can you oh wait wait that's the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00279-00075162-00075359 wait does this open the gate for it so
kgkZpeAk8wc-00280-00075360-00075503 if I click that would that Open this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00281-00075504-00075635 gate
kgkZpeAk8wc-00282-00075636-00075787 oh it does
kgkZpeAk8wc-00283-00075788-00076109 rexino where's Roxy how can you get out
kgkZpeAk8wc-00284-00076110-00076294 like can you actually
kgkZpeAk8wc-00285-00076295-00076900 oh no oh guys oh no oh no oh no oh no oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00286-00076901-00077376 no oh no oh no oh no oh no oh no
kgkZpeAk8wc-00287-00077377-00077806 oh no oh can we close this gate guys
kgkZpeAk8wc-00288-00077807-00078256 help people rugby alive she's coming oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00289-00078257-00078365 no
kgkZpeAk8wc-00290-00078366-00078906 bro oh God no oh there we go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00291-00078907-00079259 oh we're safe we're safe I'm mean to
kgkZpeAk8wc-00292-00079260-00079462 release Rexy oh we got blue in here now
kgkZpeAk8wc-00293-00079463-00079967 too as well blue
kgkZpeAk8wc-00294-00079968-00080182 oh that's not outfit blue
kgkZpeAk8wc-00295-00080183-00080447 come hey can Rexy oh God
kgkZpeAk8wc-00296-00080448-00080579 [Music]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00297-00080580-00080782 can we actually kill an indoraptor I'm
kgkZpeAk8wc-00298-00080783-00081125 curious for science oh I've never looked
kgkZpeAk8wc-00299-00081126-00081250 up at The Innovation Center that looks
kgkZpeAk8wc-00300-00081251-00081576 cool hey whoo can I ask you a question
kgkZpeAk8wc-00301-00081577-00081847 all right guys you know the drill
kgkZpeAk8wc-00302-00081848-00082235 interrupt the damn six lamb chops one
kgkZpeAk8wc-00303-00082236-00082631 two three four five six seven okay load
kgkZpeAk8wc-00304-00082632-00082865 the top load the dark
kgkZpeAk8wc-00305-00082866-00083147 there we go one more two more three more
kgkZpeAk8wc-00306-00083148-00083615 oh my God that took oh no oh gotcha
kgkZpeAk8wc-00307-00083616-00083843 bam okay let's see if you could take on
kgkZpeAk8wc-00308-00083844-00084073 Rexy
kgkZpeAk8wc-00309-00084074-00084337 interrupt I gotta get you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00310-00084338-00084532 oh hello
kgkZpeAk8wc-00311-00084533-00084941 right take our ninja Raptor oh not me
kgkZpeAk8wc-00312-00084942-00085156 go for Rex oh yeah there we go couldn't
kgkZpeAk8wc-00313-00085157-00085319 interrupt the kill oh you don't have to
kgkZpeAk8wc-00314-00085320-00085711 cut her Rexy I did not realize that oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00315-00085712-00086117 no you can't kill Rexy you can't you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00316-00086118-00086315 can't kill him that oh please don't oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00317-00086316-00086675 no no you can't ratchet Immortals yeah
kgkZpeAk8wc-00318-00086676-00086956 Rexy wins would you like a hot dog let
kgkZpeAk8wc-00319-00086957-00087155 me just check the inventory I got 12 of
kgkZpeAk8wc-00320-00087156-00087262 them
kgkZpeAk8wc-00321-00087263-00087700 no I'm a hot dog
kgkZpeAk8wc-00322-00087701-00088037 oh you can but I can't hit blue blue
kgkZpeAk8wc-00323-00088038-00088397 can't be heard but Rexy can oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00324-00088398-00088793 okay so Rexy can kill indominus Rex oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00325-00088794-00089105 sorry indoraptor but
kgkZpeAk8wc-00326-00089106-00089285 um oh that's interesting I thought Rexy
kgkZpeAk8wc-00327-00089286-00089506 would be Invincible maybe rexy's just
kgkZpeAk8wc-00328-00089507-00089861 like the color variant of of a T-Rex oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00329-00089862-00090029 that'd be interesting Rexy could you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00330-00090030-00090256 take on the mosasaur
kgkZpeAk8wc-00331-00090257-00090550 help help help well you look like you're
kgkZpeAk8wc-00332-00090551-00090700 having a great time
kgkZpeAk8wc-00333-00090701-00090875 sorry did I did I interrupt something
kgkZpeAk8wc-00334-00090876-00091085 while a T-Rex runs Main Street would you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00335-00091086-00091306 like a hot dog do you like it it's kind
kgkZpeAk8wc-00336-00091307-00091429 of my thing
kgkZpeAk8wc-00337-00091430-00091726 what can we build an Amphitheater or an
kgkZpeAk8wc-00338-00091727-00091859 aquarium
kgkZpeAk8wc-00339-00091860-00092297 we can make an aquarium
kgkZpeAk8wc-00340-00092298-00092435 so we could put something in the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00341-00092436-00092615 aquarium what oh let's have a look at
kgkZpeAk8wc-00342-00092616-00092891 what an Amphitheater is oh we could go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00343-00092892-00093305 below no way no flip away no flipping
kgkZpeAk8wc-00344-00093306-00093791 way oh my God this is gorgeous this is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00345-00093792-00094067 awesome that's so cool are we able to
kgkZpeAk8wc-00346-00094068-00094331 get aquatic hybrids I bet we are we just
kgkZpeAk8wc-00347-00094332-00094547 Chuck dinosaurs in there to drown what
kgkZpeAk8wc-00348-00094548-00094805 about an Amphitheater oh it's like a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00349-00094806-00095165 stage oh blue blue we could put on the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00350-00095166-00095243 show
kgkZpeAk8wc-00351-00095244-00095555 for all zero people yeah
kgkZpeAk8wc-00352-00095556-00095812 gotcha you're coming with me buddy yes
kgkZpeAk8wc-00353-00095813-00096094 you are Rexy don't wake up don't don't
kgkZpeAk8wc-00354-00096095-00096455 do it I told you not to do it no stay
kgkZpeAk8wc-00355-00096456-00096832 away stay away Rexy oh this is so cool I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00356-00096833-00097132 love this idea quick builds quick math
kgkZpeAk8wc-00357-00097133-00097361 so we go through here is there a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00358-00097362-00097612 backstage oh there is is how you count
kgkZpeAk8wc-00359-00097613-00097849 to the stage
kgkZpeAk8wc-00360-00097850-00098062 oh those are these are like the crates
kgkZpeAk8wc-00361-00098063-00098344 for holding dinosaurs and stuff oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00362-00098345-00098549 that's awesome and this is a gate I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00363-00098550-00098662 don't know what though I don't know what
kgkZpeAk8wc-00364-00098663-00098837 you're gonna perform you seem to be just
kgkZpeAk8wc-00365-00098838-00099012 walking into a wall at the back there
kgkZpeAk8wc-00366-00099013-00099515 prexy come on yeah she comes uh here she
kgkZpeAk8wc-00367-00099516-00100105 comes
kgkZpeAk8wc-00368-00100106-00100403 no that's Jaden you can't get the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00369-00100404-00100723 advantage on it
kgkZpeAk8wc-00370-00100724-00101188 that's not fair oh wow so Rex's got like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00371-00101189-00101689 two extra bites on the indominus Rex
kgkZpeAk8wc-00372-00101690-00101959 [Music]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00373-00101960-00102510 fire go Rexy you got this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00374-00102511-00102766 oh I don't know I don't know who's gonna
kgkZpeAk8wc-00375-00102767-00102863 win
kgkZpeAk8wc-00376-00102864-00103104 oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00377-00103105-00103548 Rexy missed Rexy missed one
kgkZpeAk8wc-00378-00103549-00103697 [Music]
kgkZpeAk8wc-00379-00103698-00104292 can Rex even be killed is the question
kgkZpeAk8wc-00380-00104293-00104644 why then she kills me yeah oh look
kgkZpeAk8wc-00381-00104645-00104965 interrupt is coming in as well
kgkZpeAk8wc-00382-00104966-00105377 okay okay very good very good very good
kgkZpeAk8wc-00383-00105378-00105677 uh is that a cage up there oh I'd like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00384-00105678-00105940 to be up there all right oh interrupter
kgkZpeAk8wc-00385-00105941-00106115 doesn't want to come in anymore I'm not
kgkZpeAk8wc-00386-00106116-00106451 surprised okay close the gate ah there
kgkZpeAk8wc-00387-00106452-00106686 we go just just
kgkZpeAk8wc-00388-00106688-00106978 that's one problem taking care of Rexy
kgkZpeAk8wc-00389-00106979-00107351 is back in now just to take care of you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00390-00107352-00107536 isn't that right little princess don't
kgkZpeAk8wc-00391-00107538-00107693 make me put you back oh without a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00392-00107694-00107849 critter or something oh it was I think I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00393-00107850-00107993 got a crit on it well I think all of
kgkZpeAk8wc-00394-00107994-00108331 this calls for a celebration
kgkZpeAk8wc-00395-00108332-00108778 I have become a literal God so then can
kgkZpeAk8wc-00396-00108779-00109127 I just go in Dom oh my God I can if I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00397-00109128-00109319 just type in egg do I get all the eggs
kgkZpeAk8wc-00398-00109320-00109873 eggs oh wow so this is all the eggs
kgkZpeAk8wc-00399-00109874-00110652 bioluminescent brachiosauride colorful
kgkZpeAk8wc-00400-00110653-00110927 colorful dilophosaur a padosaur
kgkZpeAk8wc-00401-00110928-00111233 brachiosaur bioluminescent Carnotaurus
kgkZpeAk8wc-00402-00111233-00112169 egg golden leggings ah back baby
kgkZpeAk8wc-00403-00112170-00112475 all right guys so we have pretty much
kgkZpeAk8wc-00404-00112476-00112757 all of the eggs so first we'll place
kgkZpeAk8wc-00405-00112758-00113086 down a colorful Pteranodon
kgkZpeAk8wc-00406-00113088-00113578 look at me oh that looks so cool it's
kgkZpeAk8wc-00407-00113579-00113795 all green
kgkZpeAk8wc-00408-00113796-00114016 and it makes like a freaking million one
kgkZpeAk8wc-00409-00114017-00114286 noises at once wow okay all right let's
kgkZpeAk8wc-00410-00114288-00114643 look at it by a luminescent egg
kgkZpeAk8wc-00411-00114644-00114815 you see I don't know if that
kgkZpeAk8wc-00412-00114816-00115013 pteranodon's copied off anything I I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00413-00115014-00115228 don't I don't know what that is I really
kgkZpeAk8wc-00414-00115229-00115397 don't I didn't recognize that from any
kgkZpeAk8wc-00415-00115398-00115565 of the toy lines or anything but okay
kgkZpeAk8wc-00416-00115566-00115883 we'll keep you and you how about a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00417-00115883-00116339 bioluminescent copy egg oh I saw people
kgkZpeAk8wc-00418-00116340-00116747 next a bioluminescent a morphodon egg oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00419-00116748-00116999 yeah that's definitely a toy I think I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00420-00117000-00117136 feel like I've seen that that looks like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00421-00117138-00117413 a Mattel one and uh this one an
kgkZpeAk8wc-00422-00117414-00117575 acosaurus I don't even know what that is
kgkZpeAk8wc-00423-00117576-00117984 I think this is one of the hybrids
kgkZpeAk8wc-00424-00117985-00118433 look at you he's so slow
kgkZpeAk8wc-00425-00118433-00118654 please hold on I wanna I wanna I wanna
kgkZpeAk8wc-00426-00118655-00119027 feed that wait I could ride it no way no
kgkZpeAk8wc-00427-00119028-00119297 no way you can buy this thing oh it's
kgkZpeAk8wc-00428-00119298-00119519 like it's got seats that's why you can
kgkZpeAk8wc-00429-00119520-00119836 ride it that looks so cool it has so
kgkZpeAk8wc-00430-00119838-00120136 much health oh wow that is brilliant I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00431-00120138-00120358 love that that's a really cool idea all
kgkZpeAk8wc-00432-00120359-00120569 right so what else we've got we got
kgkZpeAk8wc-00433-00120570-00120736 we've done the bioluminescence that's
kgkZpeAk8wc-00434-00120738-00121054 the echo echosaurus there we go we're
kgkZpeAk8wc-00435-00121055-00121228 about Claridon
kgkZpeAk8wc-00436-00121229-00121619 hello Claridon nope oh it's it's in the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00437-00121620-00121883 water get out of the water yet don't be
kgkZpeAk8wc-00438-00121883-00122057 buggy it I know there's ladders here I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00439-00122058-00122189 didn't even realize oh it looks like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00440-00122190-00122440 Blue's just programmed to always be uh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00441-00122441-00122699 Always Be Tamed oh okay bioluminescent
kgkZpeAk8wc-00442-00122700-00122965 broca stackosaurus
kgkZpeAk8wc-00443-00122966-00123275 let's make you big shall we you look
kgkZpeAk8wc-00444-00123276-00123466 cool cute though but why'd you look like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00445-00123467-00123751 big there we go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00446-00123752-00124169 it's ginormous beautiful
kgkZpeAk8wc-00447-00124170-00124543 and what about a simerco's office
kgkZpeAk8wc-00448-00124544-00124739 oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00449-00124740-00125045 you're like a Paris oh it loves me holy
kgkZpeAk8wc-00450-00125046-00125225 contain oh wait is that as big as you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00451-00125226-00125308 get
kgkZpeAk8wc-00452-00125309-00125584 training available training you you can
kgkZpeAk8wc-00453-00125585-00125860 have just you place it as a choked Owen
kgkZpeAk8wc-00454-00125861-00126875 hey
kgkZpeAk8wc-00455-00126876-00127078 oh my god this is my own pet little
kgkZpeAk8wc-00456-00127079-00127378 parasaur that's so sweet a blue hill
kgkZpeAk8wc-00457-00127379-00127583 can't be how dare it all right time for
kgkZpeAk8wc-00458-00127583-00127852 even more try a bioluminescent I kind of
kgkZpeAk8wc-00459-00127853-00127963 saw
kgkZpeAk8wc-00460-00127964-00128357 oh that's a good size that's a good size
kgkZpeAk8wc-00461-00128358-00128543 I like how Main Street has just evolved
kgkZpeAk8wc-00462-00128544-00128713 into this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00463-00128714-00129101 bioluminescent Apatosaurus
kgkZpeAk8wc-00464-00129102-00129431 let's feed you nice and big as well go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00465-00129432-00129601 come on yeah
kgkZpeAk8wc-00466-00129602-00129881 massive are you gonna follow me even if
kgkZpeAk8wc-00467-00129882-00130157 I fly oh that's so sweet
kgkZpeAk8wc-00468-00130158-00130360 oh we never had a grassy area before we
kgkZpeAk8wc-00469-00130361-00130625 place more down how about a fanato rush
kgkZpeAk8wc-00470-00130626-00130890 a vanatarus
kgkZpeAk8wc-00471-00130891-00131140 you've got to be herpable right oh well
kgkZpeAk8wc-00472-00131141-00131387 there it goes oh that that's um is it
kgkZpeAk8wc-00473-00131388-00131671 gonna eat people never mind people
kgkZpeAk8wc-00474-00131672-00132119 ah there it goes armaga Rex ah you look
kgkZpeAk8wc-00475-00132120-00132425 friendly let's uh oh wow you look like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00476-00132426-00132689 the ultimasaurus oh yep yep there it
kgkZpeAk8wc-00477-00132690-00132983 goes are you carnivorous though or can
kgkZpeAk8wc-00478-00132984-00133163 you not seem to get out is that is that
kgkZpeAk8wc-00479-00133164-00133433 the problem that looks cool he's like an
kgkZpeAk8wc-00480-00133434-00133723 armored thing a placidoso
kgkZpeAk8wc-00481-00133724-00133949 oh no
kgkZpeAk8wc-00482-00133950-00134231 it isn't it oh so this is what you need
kgkZpeAk8wc-00483-00134232-00134435 oh God no I've made more I've made more
kgkZpeAk8wc-00484-00134436-00134759 I'm so sorry I made you to die oh I use
kgkZpeAk8wc-00485-00134760-00135202 this as a tail stuff let's say the sword
kgkZpeAk8wc-00486-00135203-00135647 oh the turtle my little babies what a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00487-00135648-00136037 fascin onathis oh my God is that a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00488-00136038-00136363 flying fish hello
kgkZpeAk8wc-00489-00136364-00136699 oh no he's whapping him
kgkZpeAk8wc-00490-00136700-00137201 oh my god oh the plumer Raptor up and
kgkZpeAk8wc-00491-00137202-00137387 he's out of there fantastic what's a
kgkZpeAk8wc-00492-00137388-00137681 plumer raptor oh it's a feathered Raptor
kgkZpeAk8wc-00493-00137682-00137897 no way
kgkZpeAk8wc-00494-00137898-00138173 okay come on keep eating oh there you go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00495-00138174-00138383 training available you are like a little
kgkZpeAk8wc-00496-00138384-00138623 tiny pet oh that's adorable I like how
kgkZpeAk8wc-00497-00138624-00138766 this thing that's got Wings is not
kgkZpeAk8wc-00498-00138767-00138911 flying out
kgkZpeAk8wc-00499-00138912-00139090 he's just sort of staying in here oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00500-00139091-00139289 those two attacking each other oh they
kgkZpeAk8wc-00501-00139290-00139583 are oh God that looks hideous this thing
kgkZpeAk8wc-00502-00139584-00139973 looks absolutely hideous Jesus I want
kgkZpeAk8wc-00503-00139974-00140140 the big theropod doing I want that big
kgkZpeAk8wc-00504-00140141-00140483 ankylos T-Rex thing to win oh he killed
kgkZpeAk8wc-00505-00140484-00141078 him oh
kgkZpeAk8wc-00506-00141079-00141364 oh he's in an enclosure oh never mind he
kgkZpeAk8wc-00507-00141365-00141599 just killed the dude blue Raptor come on
kgkZpeAk8wc-00508-00141600-00141833 come on baby actually can we bring you
kgkZpeAk8wc-00509-00141834-00142127 to the lab yeah come this way look he's
kgkZpeAk8wc-00510-00142128-00142337 so cute come this way come on this
kgkZpeAk8wc-00511-00142338-00142849 little gorgeous come on
kgkZpeAk8wc-00512-00142850-00143245 not you what do you think get out
kgkZpeAk8wc-00513-00143246-00143621 oh my okay okay did you just grow up I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00514-00143622-00143807 swear to God I I thought I reached my
kgkZpeAk8wc-00515-00143808-00144035 limit with you okay well there you go
kgkZpeAk8wc-00516-00144036-00144407 have fun in here girl it looks so cool I
kgkZpeAk8wc-00517-00144408-00144581 even got the little sickle Claw on the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00518-00144582-00144761 foot and everything
kgkZpeAk8wc-00519-00144762-00145043 you can help with the lab stuff okay so
kgkZpeAk8wc-00520-00145044-00145193 let's see is there any dinosaurs we
kgkZpeAk8wc-00521-00145194-00145499 still have not made stiggy libery what's
kgkZpeAk8wc-00522-00145500-00145678 sticky libery
kgkZpeAk8wc-00523-00145679-00145985 oh oh that's so cute
kgkZpeAk8wc-00524-00145986-00146225 oh my God okay let's beat it how big
kgkZpeAk8wc-00525-00146226-00146525 will it get oh my God you are adorable
kgkZpeAk8wc-00526-00146526-00146819 what even are you you're an old baby
kgkZpeAk8wc-00527-00146820-00147178 dinosaur thing you look so cute but she
kgkZpeAk8wc-00528-00147179-00147431 part um Paris roller first is that the
kgkZpeAk8wc-00529-00147432-00147737 last one we needed it was who's your
kgkZpeAk8wc-00530-00147738-00148102 cutie yes you right you're adorable
kgkZpeAk8wc-00531-00148103-00148277 oh you're not trained though I can't
kgkZpeAk8wc-00532-00148278-00148469 train you hopefully my Puma Raptor
kgkZpeAk8wc-00533-00148470-00148649 doesn't eat you I hope you're not I like
kgkZpeAk8wc-00534-00148650-00148835 like we've got like cartoon dinosaurs
kgkZpeAk8wc-00535-00148836-00149002 just burning around the lab we're gonna
kgkZpeAk8wc-00536-00149003-00149189 leave that here but if you've enjoyed
kgkZpeAk8wc-00537-00149190-00149357 today's episode leave a like and until
kgkZpeAk8wc-00538-00149358-00149597 next time bye bye
kgkZpeAk8wc-00539-00149598-00149920 foreign
kgkZpeAk8wc-00540-00149921-00150976 [Music]
kgN-hzTvFsM-00000-00000000-00000059 foreign
kgN-hzTvFsM-00001-00000060-00002860 [Music]
kjbgr5CLuyY-00000-00000107-00000299 welcome to the Leicester pelvic floor
kjbgr5CLuyY-00001-00000300-00000443 service and conservative management
kjbgr5CLuyY-00002-00000444-00000551 clinic
kjbgr5CLuyY-00003-00000552-00000761 this video is designed to help you to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00004-00000762-00000893 understand and manage this energy
kjbgr5CLuyY-00005-00000894-00001211 defecation or inismus
kjbgr5CLuyY-00006-00001212-00001511 this is a subset of constipation is a
kjbgr5CLuyY-00007-00001512-00001787 type of obstructed defecation syndrome
kjbgr5CLuyY-00008-00001788-00001973 this means that although the stall may
kjbgr5CLuyY-00009-00001973-00002195 be getting round the bowel okay you have
kjbgr5CLuyY-00010-00002196-00002417 difficulties getting it out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00011-00002418-00002626 this can cause the feeling of straining
kjbgr5CLuyY-00012-00002627-00002831 or the sense that you have an emptied
kjbgr5CLuyY-00013-00002832-00002999 properly
kjbgr5CLuyY-00014-00003000-00003166 this is due to the muscles not
kjbgr5CLuyY-00015-00003167-00003347 coordinating properly
kjbgr5CLuyY-00016-00003347-00003551 normally when we go for a poo the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00017-00003552-00003754 muscles of the pelvic floor and the ring
kjbgr5CLuyY-00018-00003755-00003977 muscles in the back passage have to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00019-00003978-00004222 lengthen and relax to help to let the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00020-00004223-00004331 stall out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00021-00004332-00004565 the tummy muscles also have to lengthen
kjbgr5CLuyY-00022-00004566-00004895 and work effectively to push the Poo out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00023-00004896-00005165 with dysenergia it may be that the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00024-00005166-00005399 muscles are squeezing instead of
kjbgr5CLuyY-00025-00005400-00005711 relaxing or shortening instead of
kjbgr5CLuyY-00026-00005712-00005861 lengthening
kjbgr5CLuyY-00027-00005862-00006101 this can be like trying to squeeze a
kjbgr5CLuyY-00028-00006102-00006341 tube toothpaste but keeping the lid
kjbgr5CLuyY-00029-00006342-00006648 still on
kjbgr5CLuyY-00030-00006650-00006917 these diagrams show you where the pelvic
kjbgr5CLuyY-00031-00006918-00007156 floor muscles are
kjbgr5CLuyY-00032-00007158-00007451 there's a picture of the male pelvis on
kjbgr5CLuyY-00033-00007452-00007684 the left and the female pelvis on the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00034-00007686-00007775 right
kjbgr5CLuyY-00035-00007776-00008110 the red part of the pelvic floor muscles
kjbgr5CLuyY-00036-00008111-00008441 these act are as a sling or a harness in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00037-00008442-00008710 the pelvis providing lift and support to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00038-00008711-00008933 the pelvic organs and helping with the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00039-00008934-00009173 control of the bladder in the bowel but
kjbgr5CLuyY-00040-00009174-00009473 we also need these muscles to lengthen
kjbgr5CLuyY-00041-00009474-00009713 to allow us to empty the bowel
kjbgr5CLuyY-00042-00009714-00010042 effectively
kjbgr5CLuyY-00043-00010043-00010277 these are the sphincters or ring muscles
kjbgr5CLuyY-00044-00010278-00010517 to the back passage there's an inner
kjbgr5CLuyY-00045-00010518-00010846 sphincter or internal sphincter and an
kjbgr5CLuyY-00046-00010847-00011153 outer sphincter or external sphincter
kjbgr5CLuyY-00047-00011154-00011423 where we need to poo the inner sphincter
kjbgr5CLuyY-00048-00011424-00011651 relaxes as a reflex
kjbgr5CLuyY-00049-00011652-00011999 so we can't do anything about that
kjbgr5CLuyY-00050-00012000-00012221 the external sphincter we do have
kjbgr5CLuyY-00051-00012222-00012527 voluntary control over but we also need
kjbgr5CLuyY-00052-00012528-00012742 this to relax to allow to let the stall
kjbgr5CLuyY-00053-00012743-00012907 out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00054-00012908-00013235 sometimes this external sphincter can be
kjbgr5CLuyY-00055-00013236-00013601 squeezing instead of relaxing again like
kjbgr5CLuyY-00056-00013602-00014201 keeping the lid on the toothpaste
kjbgr5CLuyY-00057-00014202-00014380 these pictures
kjbgr5CLuyY-00058-00014381-00014621 show you where the muscles are in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00059-00014622-00014866 relation to the rectum and the impact it
kjbgr5CLuyY-00060-00014868-00015065 has on the position of the rectum when
kjbgr5CLuyY-00061-00015066-00015322 we're trying to empty our bowel
kjbgr5CLuyY-00062-00015323-00015533 the middle picture shows you in a normal
kjbgr5CLuyY-00063-00015534-00015821 sitting position you can see the sling
kjbgr5CLuyY-00064-00015822-00016019 of the muscle of the pelvic floor around
kjbgr5CLuyY-00065-00016019-00016283 the rectum providing this angle and
kjbgr5CLuyY-00066-00016284-00016433 support which usually helps with
kjbgr5CLuyY-00067-00016434-00016667 consonants
kjbgr5CLuyY-00068-00016668-00016936 but when we want to empty the bowel we
kjbgr5CLuyY-00069-00016937-00017122 want that muscle to lengthen and pay out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00070-00017123-00017441 to allow that rectum to straighten and
kjbgr5CLuyY-00071-00017442-00017608 this makes it more efficient than to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00072-00017609-00017836 empty the bowel this is shown in the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00073-00017837-00018089 bottom picture
kjbgr5CLuyY-00074-00018090-00018305 this can be achieved
kjbgr5CLuyY-00075-00018306-00018617 by going into a more squat position
kjbgr5CLuyY-00076-00018618-00019049 as shown in the pictures
kjbgr5CLuyY-00077-00019050-00019283 we often use an analogy of a two-way
kjbgr5CLuyY-00078-00019284-00019547 gate action to explain the role of the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00079-00019548-00019894 pelvic floor when we empty our bowel
kjbgr5CLuyY-00080-00019895-00020075 when the muscles are at rest they're
kjbgr5CLuyY-00081-00020076-00020344 normally like a closed gate when we
kjbgr5CLuyY-00082-00020345-00020536 squeeze and pull the muscles up it's
kjbgr5CLuyY-00083-00020537-00020789 like the gate opening one way so it
kjbgr5CLuyY-00084-00020790-00021053 moves inwards and forwards
kjbgr5CLuyY-00085-00021054-00021293 but when we want to empty the bowel the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00086-00021294-00021443 gate has to move in the opposite
kjbgr5CLuyY-00087-00021444-00021569 direction
kjbgr5CLuyY-00088-00021570-00021839 so it lengthens downwards this helps
kjbgr5CLuyY-00089-00021840-00022061 them with the passage of the storm
kjbgr5CLuyY-00090-00022062-00022241 if the gate is going in the wrong
kjbgr5CLuyY-00091-00022242-00022522 direction or just not opening this
kjbgr5CLuyY-00092-00022523-00022775 creates that barrier and again like the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00093-00022776-00023105 lid on the toothpaste analogy
kjbgr5CLuyY-00094-00023106-00023593 foreign
kjbgr5CLuyY-00095-00023594-00023908 and pushing the stool back up this is
kjbgr5CLuyY-00096-00023909-00024064 useful if we're trying to hold off from
kjbgr5CLuyY-00097-00024065-00024263 going to the toilet but if this is
kjbgr5CLuyY-00098-00024264-00024472 happening when we're trying to empty
kjbgr5CLuyY-00099-00024473-00024755 then it's not effective and then causes
kjbgr5CLuyY-00100-00024756-00025163 this dysenergia
kjbgr5CLuyY-00101-00025164-00025355 there are various ways to help to manage
kjbgr5CLuyY-00102-00025356-00025643 this one is adopting a more squatting
kjbgr5CLuyY-00103-00025644-00025822 position on the toilet as shown
kjbgr5CLuyY-00104-00025823-00025967 previously
kjbgr5CLuyY-00105-00025968-00026158 another is to improve our stool
kjbgr5CLuyY-00106-00026160-00026368 consistency
kjbgr5CLuyY-00107-00026369-00026590 we can look at pelvic floor relaxation
kjbgr5CLuyY-00108-00026591-00026896 exercises as sometimes these muscles are
kjbgr5CLuyY-00109-00026897-00027131 overworking
kjbgr5CLuyY-00110-00027132-00027317 we can look at a technique called the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00111-00027318-00027545 brace and pump technique which looks at
kjbgr5CLuyY-00112-00027545-00027724 our breathing and what our tummy muscles
kjbgr5CLuyY-00113-00027725-00028037 are doing to reduce straining
kjbgr5CLuyY-00114-00028038-00028289 we'll sometimes also use various
kjbgr5CLuyY-00115-00028289-00028589 biofeedback techniques to help you to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00116-00028589-00028793 learn the brace and pump and pelvic
kjbgr5CLuyY-00117-00028794-00029173 floor relaxation
kjbgr5CLuyY-00118-00029174-00029501 here is the Bristol stool chart this
kjbgr5CLuyY-00119-00029502-00029639 shows you a variety of store
kjbgr5CLuyY-00120-00029639-00029801 consistences
kjbgr5CLuyY-00121-00029802-00030124 normally we're aiming for a Type 4 store
kjbgr5CLuyY-00122-00030125-00030329 that looks like a soft smooth sausage
kjbgr5CLuyY-00123-00030330-00030868 and is easier than to pass out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00124-00030869-00031168 with pelvic floor relaxation we can look
kjbgr5CLuyY-00125-00031169-00031355 at various techniques to help us with
kjbgr5CLuyY-00126-00031356-00031445 this
kjbgr5CLuyY-00127-00031445-00031708 one is belly breathing learning how to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00128-00031710-00031858 use the diaphragm
kjbgr5CLuyY-00129-00031860-00032101 also General relaxation can be helpful
kjbgr5CLuyY-00130-00032102-00032362 as can body and mind interaction
kjbgr5CLuyY-00131-00032363-00032614 techniques such as yoga Qigong and Tai
kjbgr5CLuyY-00132-00032616-00032705 Chi
kjbgr5CLuyY-00133-00032706-00032885 we may use various imagery or
kjbgr5CLuyY-00134-00032886-00033065 visualization techniques to help with
kjbgr5CLuyY-00135-00033066-00033323 pelvic floor relaxation and if needed
kjbgr5CLuyY-00136-00033324-00033562 Botox injections can be used if
kjbgr5CLuyY-00137-00033563-00033923 conservative managements have failed
kjbgr5CLuyY-00138-00033924-00034546 foreign
kjbgr5CLuyY-00139-00034547-00034823 the diaphragm is the main breathing
kjbgr5CLuyY-00140-00034824-00035033 muscle that sits underneath our lungs
kjbgr5CLuyY-00141-00035034-00035261 when we breathe in the diaphragm
kjbgr5CLuyY-00142-00035262-00035459 descends or flattens which helps to draw
kjbgr5CLuyY-00143-00035460-00035585 the breath in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00144-00035586-00035831 our diaphragm and pelvic floor muscles
kjbgr5CLuyY-00145-00035832-00036071 coordinate together working a bit like a
kjbgr5CLuyY-00146-00036072-00036167 piston
kjbgr5CLuyY-00147-00036168-00036377 so when the diaphragm moves down as we
kjbgr5CLuyY-00148-00036378-00036640 breathe in the pelvic floor also moves
kjbgr5CLuyY-00149-00036641-00036802 down or descends
kjbgr5CLuyY-00150-00036803-00037109 when we breathe out the diaphragm lifts
kjbgr5CLuyY-00151-00037110-00037361 and usually the pelvic floor will lift
kjbgr5CLuyY-00152-00037362-00037673 along with this too
kjbgr5CLuyY-00153-00037674-00037955 we can use this idea of the belly
kjbgr5CLuyY-00154-00037956-00038195 breathing to help with the relaxation of
kjbgr5CLuyY-00155-00038196-00038417 the pelvic floor
kjbgr5CLuyY-00156-00038418-00038627 to learn this you can rest a hand on
kjbgr5CLuyY-00157-00038628-00038867 your upper tummy and when you breathe in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00158-00038868-00039107 imagine that you're inflating a balloon
kjbgr5CLuyY-00159-00039108-00039346 under your hand so the tummy moves
kjbgr5CLuyY-00160-00039347-00039593 outwards slightly your chest should
kjbgr5CLuyY-00161-00039594-00039983 should stay relatively still
kjbgr5CLuyY-00162-00039984-00040201 foreign
kjbgr5CLuyY-00163-00040202-00040457 you can also use various General
kjbgr5CLuyY-00164-00040458-00040696 relaxation techniques such as meditation
kjbgr5CLuyY-00165-00040697-00040877 and mindfulness
kjbgr5CLuyY-00166-00040878-00041123 one example is to use a headspace app
kjbgr5CLuyY-00167-00041124-00041393 where there's a variety of free videos
kjbgr5CLuyY-00168-00041394-00041615 on meditation and mindfulness that can
kjbgr5CLuyY-00169-00041616-00042143 be used
kjbgr5CLuyY-00170-00042144-00042424 yoga in Tai Chi helped integrate the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00171-00042425-00042701 mind and the body they also work a lot
kjbgr5CLuyY-00172-00042702-00042965 with belly breathing which can help with
kjbgr5CLuyY-00173-00042966-00043612 pelvic floor relaxation and awareness
kjbgr5CLuyY-00174-00043613-00043855 foreign
kjbgr5CLuyY-00175-00043856-00044152 floor we often use a variety of
kjbgr5CLuyY-00176-00044153-00044405 visualization or imagery techniques to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00177-00044406-00044596 help you to get more of an awareness and
kjbgr5CLuyY-00178-00044597-00044974 understanding of the muscles
kjbgr5CLuyY-00179-00044975-00045179 if you can imagine when you breathe in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00180-00045180-00045443 the balloon inflating but also
kjbgr5CLuyY-00181-00045444-00045724 descending down through the tummy out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00182-00045725-00045880 into the pelvis
kjbgr5CLuyY-00183-00045881-00046108 imagine it descending down through the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00184-00046109-00046433 Bony pelvis as you breathe in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00185-00046434-00046667 the pelvic floor at rest looks like a
kjbgr5CLuyY-00186-00046668-00046757 bowl
kjbgr5CLuyY-00187-00046758-00047027 imagine as you breathe in that balloon
kjbgr5CLuyY-00188-00047028-00047339 descends down and rests into that bowl
kjbgr5CLuyY-00189-00047340-00047608 of the pelvic floor don't try to push it
kjbgr5CLuyY-00190-00047609-00047789 down
kjbgr5CLuyY-00191-00047790-00048058 the pelvic floor muscles also attach to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00192-00048059-00048287 our seat Bones the Bony bits that we sit
kjbgr5CLuyY-00193-00048288-00048479 on on our bottom
kjbgr5CLuyY-00194-00048480-00048743 you could imagine these seat bones
kjbgr5CLuyY-00195-00048744-00049012 softening or imagine them widening in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00196-00049013-00049217 the power vests
kjbgr5CLuyY-00197-00049218-00049402 imagine as if there's some elastic
kjbgr5CLuyY-00198-00049403-00049637 between the seat bones that stretches
kjbgr5CLuyY-00199-00049638-00049885 and widens out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00200-00049886-00050146 all of the pelvic floor attached to the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00201-00050147-00050458 tower bone or the coccyx you can imagine
kjbgr5CLuyY-00202-00050459-00050789 this softening and dropping down
kjbgr5CLuyY-00203-00050790-00050957 if the pelvic floor muscles are
kjbgr5CLuyY-00204-00050958-00051167 squeezing and tightening it would be
kjbgr5CLuyY-00205-00051168-00051430 like pulling the tail between your legs
kjbgr5CLuyY-00206-00051432-00051670 imagine it dropping and softening in the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00207-00051671-00052625 opposite direction
kjbgr5CLuyY-00208-00052626-00052829 if we have difficulty with pelvic floor
kjbgr5CLuyY-00209-00052829-00053123 relaxation sometimes Botox injections
kjbgr5CLuyY-00210-00053124-00053376 are used this is done under anesthetic
kjbgr5CLuyY-00211-00053377-00053741 to explore the pelvic floor and the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00212-00053741-00054149 rectum but can be used to reset the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00213-00054150-00054382 pelvic floor Tone If this is high and if
kjbgr5CLuyY-00214-00054383-00054509 we can't change this with our
kjbgr5CLuyY-00215-00054510-00054773 conservative management techniques
kjbgr5CLuyY-00216-00054774-00055025 it only has a temporary effect therefore
kjbgr5CLuyY-00217-00055026-00055313 it's important to still continue with
kjbgr5CLuyY-00218-00055314-00055511 conservative management following Botox
kjbgr5CLuyY-00219-00055512-00056153 injections
kjbgr5CLuyY-00220-00056154-00056387 the brace and pump technique is designed
kjbgr5CLuyY-00221-00056388-00056680 to help to reduce straining on the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00222-00056682-00056776 toilet
kjbgr5CLuyY-00223-00056777-00056999 it can help with the relaxation of the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00224-00057000-00057173 pelvic floor and the lengthening of the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00225-00057174-00057497 tummy muscles
kjbgr5CLuyY-00226-00057498-00057797 with the pelvic floor we're trying to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00227-00057798-00057947 open the gate
kjbgr5CLuyY-00228-00057948-00058187 to get the lengthening and paying out of
kjbgr5CLuyY-00229-00058188-00058535 the pelvic floor
kjbgr5CLuyY-00230-00058536-00058757 if you imagine a closed gate first of
kjbgr5CLuyY-00231-00058758-00058937 all
kjbgr5CLuyY-00232-00058938-00059213 and initially try to lift it up to take
kjbgr5CLuyY-00233-00059214-00059392 it in One Direction
kjbgr5CLuyY-00234-00059394-00059704 imagine you're going up a floor and then
kjbgr5CLuyY-00235-00059705-00059904 drop it back down to where you started
kjbgr5CLuyY-00236-00059905-00060203 you should feel that lift up and drop
kjbgr5CLuyY-00237-00060204-00060347 down again
kjbgr5CLuyY-00238-00060348-00060766 this time though try to keep going down
kjbgr5CLuyY-00239-00060767-00060982 so take the gate in the opposite
kjbgr5CLuyY-00240-00060983-00061163 direction
kjbgr5CLuyY-00241-00061164-00061379 try to lengthen down to reach the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00242-00061379-00061607 basement and then see if you can take
kjbgr5CLuyY-00243-00061608-00061816 that lift down to the cellar
kjbgr5CLuyY-00244-00061817-00062026 this is the position where we have that
kjbgr5CLuyY-00245-00062027-00062261 full straightening of the rectum and
kjbgr5CLuyY-00246-00062262-00062663 paying out of the pelvic floor muscles
kjbgr5CLuyY-00247-00062664-00062957 along with this you also want the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00248-00062958-00063154 sphincters the ring muscles of the back
kjbgr5CLuyY-00249-00063155-00063388 passage to remain open and not to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00250-00063389-00063515 squeeze
kjbgr5CLuyY-00251-00063516-00063821 imagine that passage as a flower or Rose
kjbgr5CLuyY-00252-00063822-00064091 and imagine that flower opening out to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00253-00064091-00064469 keep these muscles relaxed
kjbgr5CLuyY-00254-00064470-00064750 alongside the pelvic floor release we
kjbgr5CLuyY-00255-00064751-00065003 also want the tummy muscles to lengthen
kjbgr5CLuyY-00256-00065004-00065273 and to create a pump to provide the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00257-00065274-00065621 propulsive force to empty the bowel
kjbgr5CLuyY-00258-00065622-00065903 when you breathe in Imagine That balloon
kjbgr5CLuyY-00259-00065904-00066221 inflating try to widen the tummy in a
kjbgr5CLuyY-00260-00066222-00066538 forwards and sideways direction as you
kjbgr5CLuyY-00261-00066539-00066665 breathe in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00262-00066666-00067000 this is like a barrel inflating
kjbgr5CLuyY-00263-00067001-00067259 then when you breathe out try to keep
kjbgr5CLuyY-00264-00067260-00067475 the tummy in that outward Barrel
kjbgr5CLuyY-00265-00067476-00067805 position trying not to pull it in or to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00266-00067806-00068087 squeeze the Poo out as this can often
kjbgr5CLuyY-00267-00068088-00068381 cause the muscles to squeeze and pull up
kjbgr5CLuyY-00268-00068382-00068825 again putting the lid on the toothpaste
kjbgr5CLuyY-00269-00068826-00069053 you can try various techniques when
kjbgr5CLuyY-00270-00069054-00069305 breathing out to help the pelvic floor
kjbgr5CLuyY-00271-00069306-00069611 to relax and to keep the tummy out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00272-00069612-00069994 one is to say a
kjbgr5CLuyY-00273-00069995-00070199 as you breathe out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00274-00070200-00070385 keeping the tummy in that outwards
kjbgr5CLuyY-00275-00070386-00070750 relaxed position
kjbgr5CLuyY-00276-00070751-00071171 another is to use the mood to poo method
kjbgr5CLuyY-00277-00071172-00071441 the um of the Moon
kjbgr5CLuyY-00278-00071442-00071723 can help with the widening of the waist
kjbgr5CLuyY-00279-00071724-00072076 the u sound of the moo helps the tummy
kjbgr5CLuyY-00280-00072077-00072329 to move in a forwards position
kjbgr5CLuyY-00281-00072330-00072589 so if you put those together you have
kjbgr5CLuyY-00282-00072590-00072635 [Music]
kjbgr5CLuyY-00283-00072636-00072769 um
kjbgr5CLuyY-00284-00072770-00073138 again keeping that widening and forwards
kjbgr5CLuyY-00285-00073139-00073373 position of the tummy
kjbgr5CLuyY-00286-00073374-00073576 as you use these techniques on the
kjbgr5CLuyY-00287-00073577-00073793 breath out you may feel a little bit of
kjbgr5CLuyY-00288-00073794-00074326 pressure in the rectum
kjbgr5CLuyY-00289-00074327-00074609 you then want to keep the muscles
kjbgr5CLuyY-00290-00074610-00074794 relaxed on the cellar while you take
kjbgr5CLuyY-00291-00074795-00074926 another breath in
kjbgr5CLuyY-00292-00074927-00075143 and then repeat your
kjbgr5CLuyY-00293-00075144-00075671 or mood technique to help with a further
kjbgr5CLuyY-00294-00075672-00075832 further push
kjbgr5CLuyY-00295-00075833-00076031 try not to push down into the back
kjbgr5CLuyY-00296-00076032-00076271 passage but rather imagine pushing
kjbgr5CLuyY-00297-00076272-00076535 outwards into the tummy and try not to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00298-00076536-00076841 think about squeezing the Poo out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00299-00076842-00077171 you may repeat this action about four to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00300-00077172-00077453 five times
kjbgr5CLuyY-00301-00077454-00077669 then take a rest
kjbgr5CLuyY-00302-00077670-00077879 and if needed repeat for up to 10
kjbgr5CLuyY-00303-00077880-00078331 minutes on the toilet
kjbgr5CLuyY-00304-00078332-00078575 if you are having difficulty with these
kjbgr5CLuyY-00305-00078576-00078700 techniques
kjbgr5CLuyY-00306-00078701-00078994 we may use various biofeedback to help
kjbgr5CLuyY-00307-00078995-00079187 you
kjbgr5CLuyY-00308-00079188-00079432 this helps to give you some visual or
kjbgr5CLuyY-00309-00079433-00079799 auditory cues or sensory cues to help to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00310-00079800-00080056 guide you and learn the techniques
kjbgr5CLuyY-00311-00080057-00080362 this is a picture of the maple that we
kjbgr5CLuyY-00312-00080363-00080579 use in clinic although we also have
kjbgr5CLuyY-00313-00080580-00081047 other equipment such as the Maya mad
kjbgr5CLuyY-00314-00081048-00081275 these use graphs and pictures or
kjbgr5CLuyY-00315-00081276-00081437 sometimes games
kjbgr5CLuyY-00316-00081438-00081659 to help to give you those cues to show
kjbgr5CLuyY-00317-00081660-00081929 you when your muscles are working and
kjbgr5CLuyY-00318-00081930-00082517 when the muscles are relaxing
kjbgr5CLuyY-00319-00082518-00082799 we may also use a rectal catheter
kjbgr5CLuyY-00320-00082800-00083026 which is a balloon on the end of a
kjbgr5CLuyY-00321-00083027-00083338 catheter inserted into the back passage
kjbgr5CLuyY-00322-00083339-00083615 this can help to provide a full stool to
kjbgr5CLuyY-00323-00083616-00083806 practice the techniques with and give
kjbgr5CLuyY-00324-00083807-00083950 you more sensation of what you're
kjbgr5CLuyY-00325-00083951-00084215 working on we'll sometimes use it also
kjbgr5CLuyY-00326-00084216-00084811 to test the sensation in the rectum
kjbgr5CLuyY-00327-00084812-00085091 this shows irrigation systems which are
kjbgr5CLuyY-00328-00085092-00085319 sometimes used alongside biofeedback if
kjbgr5CLuyY-00329-00085320-00085576 you are struggling this is a water-based
kjbgr5CLuyY-00330-00085577-00085906 system that helps to flush the stall out
kjbgr5CLuyY-00331-00085907-00086699 and improve the emptying of the barrel
kjbgr5CLuyY-00332-00086700-00086950 this video is designed to use alongside
kjbgr5CLuyY-00333-00086951-00087250 your one-to-one treatment or as an
kjbgr5CLuyY-00334-00087251-00087682 introduction to buy feedback
kjbgr5CLuyY-00335-00087683-00087923 if you have any questions please contact
kjbgr5CLuyY-00336-00087924-00088256 us on the above number
kmBGirj5xJk-00000-00000011-00000269 the United States Army Center of
kmBGirj5xJk-00001-00000270-00000388 military history
kmBGirj5xJk-00002-00000389-00000620 CMH is a Directorate within the office
kmBGirj5xJk-00003-00000621-00000788 of the administrative assistant to the
kmBGirj5xJk-00004-00000789-00001054 Secretary of the army the center is
kmBGirj5xJk-00005-00001055-00001241 responsible for the appropriate use of
kmBGirj5xJk-00006-00001242-00001445 history and military records throughout
kmBGirj5xJk-00007-00001446-00001721 the United States Army traditionally
kmBGirj5xJk-00008-00001722-00001885 this mission has meant recording the
kmBGirj5xJk-00009-00001886-00002063 official history of the Army in both
kmBGirj5xJk-00010-00002064-00002267 peace and war while advising the army
kmBGirj5xJk-00011-00002268-00002593 staff on historical matters CMH is the
kmBGirj5xJk-00012-00002594-00002792 flagship organization leading the army
kmBGirj5xJk-00013-00002793-00003286 historical program
kmBGirj5xJk-00014-00003286-00003713 topic mission
kmBGirj5xJk-00015-00003714-00003938 the center traces its lineage back to
kmBGirj5xJk-00016-00003939-00004134 historians under the Secretary of War
kmBGirj5xJk-00017-00004135-00004338 who compiled the official records of the
kmBGirj5xJk-00018-00004339-00004542 rebellion an extensive history of the
kmBGirj5xJk-00019-00004543-00004847 American Civil War begun in 1874 a
kmBGirj5xJk-00020-00004848-00005079 similar work on World War one was
kmBGirj5xJk-00021-00005080-00005282 prepared by the historical section of
kmBGirj5xJk-00022-00005283-00005550 the Army War College the modern
kmBGirj5xJk-00023-00005551-00005766 organization of the Army's historical
kmBGirj5xJk-00024-00005767-00005936 efforts dates from the creation of the
kmBGirj5xJk-00025-00005937-00006174 General Staff historical branch in July
kmBGirj5xJk-00026-00006175-00006456 1943 in the subsequent gathering of a
kmBGirj5xJk-00027-00006456-00006579 team of historians
kmBGirj5xJk-00028-00006580-00006834 translators editors and cartographers to
kmBGirj5xJk-00029-00006834-00007029 record the official history of world war
kmBGirj5xJk-00030-00007030-00007338 ii they began publication of the United
kmBGirj5xJk-00031-00007339-00007581 States Army in world war ii series which
kmBGirj5xJk-00032-00007581-00007893 numbers 78 volumes in 1946
kmBGirj5xJk-00033-00007894-00008138 since then the center has produced
kmBGirj5xJk-00034-00008139-00008349 detailed series on the Army's role in
kmBGirj5xJk-00035-00008350-00008535 the Korean and Vietnam wars and has
kmBGirj5xJk-00036-00008536-00008741 begun a series on the US Army in the
kmBGirj5xJk-00037-00008742-00009012 Cold War these works are supplemented by
kmBGirj5xJk-00038-00009013-00009230 monographs and other publications on a
kmBGirj5xJk-00039-00009231-00009555 mix of topics since its formation the
kmBGirj5xJk-00040-00009556-00009764 center has provided historical support
kmBGirj5xJk-00041-00009765-00009945 to the Army Secretariat and staff
kmBGirj5xJk-00042-00009946-00010182 contributing background information for
kmBGirj5xJk-00043-00010183-00010410 decision-making staff actions command
kmBGirj5xJk-00044-00010411-00010587 information programs and public
kmBGirj5xJk-00045-00010588-00010869 statements by Army officials it has
kmBGirj5xJk-00046-00010870-00011046 expanded its role in the areas of
kmBGirj5xJk-00047-00011047-00011255 military history education the
kmBGirj5xJk-00048-00011256-00011444 management of the Army's museum system
kmBGirj5xJk-00049-00011445-00011646 and the introduction of automated data
kmBGirj5xJk-00050-00011647-00011924 retrieval systems the center's work with
kmBGirj5xJk-00051-00011925-00012113 army schools ensures that the study of
kmBGirj5xJk-00052-00012114-00012285 history is a part of the training of
kmBGirj5xJk-00053-00012286-00012472 officers and noncommissioned officers
kmBGirj5xJk-00054-00012473-00012729 much of this educational work is
kmBGirj5xJk-00055-00012730-00012935 performed at field historical offices
kmBGirj5xJk-00056-00012936-00013352 and in army museums
kmBGirj5xJk-00057-00013353-00013930 topic historical activities
kmBGirj5xJk-00058-00013931-00014134 under the direction of the chief of
kmBGirj5xJk-00059-00014135-00014327 military history and his principal
kmBGirj5xJk-00060-00014328-00014623 advisor the Army's chief historian cm HS
kmBGirj5xJk-00061-00014624-00014825 staff is involved in some 50 major
kmBGirj5xJk-00062-00014826-00015091 writing projects many of these efforts
kmBGirj5xJk-00063-00015093-00015298 involve new research that ranges from
kmBGirj5xJk-00064-00015299-00015527 traditional studies in operational and
kmBGirj5xJk-00065-00015528-00015677 administrative history to the
kmBGirj5xJk-00066-00015678-00015886 examination of such areas as procurement
kmBGirj5xJk-00067-00015887-00016069 peacekeeping and the Global War on
kmBGirj5xJk-00068-00016070-00016339 Terror those works underway and
kmBGirj5xJk-00069-00016340-00016517 projected are described in the army
kmBGirj5xJk-00070-00016518-00016742 historical program an annual report to
kmBGirj5xJk-00071-00016743-00016903 the chief of staff on the Army's
kmBGirj5xJk-00072-00016904-00017167 historical activities all Center
kmBGirj5xJk-00073-00017168-00017350 publications are listed in the catalog
kmBGirj5xJk-00074-00017351-00017590 publications of the United States Army
kmBGirj5xJk-00075-00017591-00017774 Center of military history which
kmBGirj5xJk-00076-00017775-00018089 explains how to access them in addition
kmBGirj5xJk-00077-00018090-00018262 army historians maintain the
kmBGirj5xJk-00078-00018263-00018478 organizational history of army units
kmBGirj5xJk-00079-00018479-00018680 allowing the center to provide units of
kmBGirj5xJk-00080-00018681-00018895 the Regular Army the Army National Guard
kmBGirj5xJk-00081-00018896-00019090 and the Army Reserve with certificates
kmBGirj5xJk-00082-00019091-00019250 of their lineage and honors and other
kmBGirj5xJk-00083-00019251-00019439 historical material concerning their
kmBGirj5xJk-00084-00019440-00019739 organizations the center also determines
kmBGirj5xJk-00085-00019740-00019964 the official designations for Army units
kmBGirj5xJk-00086-00019965-00020128 and works with the army staff during
kmBGirj5xJk-00087-00020129-00020359 forestry organizations to preserve units
kmBGirj5xJk-00088-00020360-00020549 with significant histories as well as
kmBGirj5xJk-00089-00020550-00020764 unit properties and related historical
kmBGirj5xJk-00090-00020765-00021097 artifacts CMH also serves as a
kmBGirj5xJk-00091-00021098-00021274 clearinghouse for the oral history
kmBGirj5xJk-00092-00021275-00021467 programs in the army at all levels of
kmBGirj5xJk-00093-00021468-00021746 command it also conducts and preserves
kmBGirj5xJk-00094-00021747-00021917 its own oral history collections
kmBGirj5xJk-00095-00021918-00022111 including those from the Vietnam War
kmBGirj5xJk-00096-00022112-00022286 Desert Storm and the many recent
kmBGirj5xJk-00097-00022287-00022597 contingency operations in addition the
kmBGirj5xJk-00098-00022598-00022780 center's end of tour interviews within
kmBGirj5xJk-00099-00022781-00022990 the army secretariat and staff provide a
kmBGirj5xJk-00100-00022991-00023186 basis for its annual histories of the
kmBGirj5xJk-00101-00023187-00023438 department of the army
kmBGirj5xJk-00102-00023439-00023663 as tangible representations of the
kmBGirj5xJk-00103-00023664-00023897 services mission military artifacts and
kmBGirj5xJk-00104-00023898-00024098 art enhanced the soldiers understanding
kmBGirj5xJk-00105-00024099-00024255 of the profession of arms
kmBGirj5xJk-00106-00024256-00024619 CMH manages a system of more than 120
kmBGirj5xJk-00107-00024620-00024776 army museums and their holdings
kmBGirj5xJk-00108-00024777-00024971 encompassing some four hundred fifty
kmBGirj5xJk-00109-00024972-00025205 thousand artifacts and 15 thousand works
kmBGirj5xJk-00110-00025206-00025478 of military art the center also provides
kmBGirj5xJk-00111-00025479-00025714 professional museum training staff
kmBGirj5xJk-00112-00025716-00025922 assistants visits teams of combat
kmBGirj5xJk-00113-00025923-00026117 artists such as those deployed under the
kmBGirj5xJk-00114-00026118-00026333 Vietnam combat artists program and
kmBGirj5xJk-00115-00026333-00026510 general museum support throughout the
kmBGirj5xJk-00116-00026511-00026774 army current projects include the
kmBGirj5xJk-00117-00026775-00026977 establishment of a National Museum of
kmBGirj5xJk-00118-00026979-00027190 the United States Army at Fort Belvoir
kmBGirj5xJk-00119-00027191-00027410 Virginia and a complimentary Army
kmBGirj5xJk-00120-00027411-00027602 heritage and educational center at
kmBGirj5xJk-00121-00027602-00027911 Carlisle barracks Pennsylvania the chief
kmBGirj5xJk-00122-00027912-00028133 of military history is responsible for
kmBGirj5xJk-00123-00028133-00028355 ensuring the appropriate use of military
kmBGirj5xJk-00124-00028356-00028532 history in the teaching of strategy
kmBGirj5xJk-00125-00028533-00028787 tactics logistics and administration
kmBGirj5xJk-00126-00028788-00029042 this mission includes a requirement that
kmBGirj5xJk-00127-00029043-00029264 military leaders at all levels be aware
kmBGirj5xJk-00128-00029264-00029452 of the value of history in advancing
kmBGirj5xJk-00129-00029454-00029744 military professionalism to that end the
kmBGirj5xJk-00130-00029745-00029908 center holds a biennial history
kmBGirj5xJk-00131-00029910-00030137 conference and workshop publishes army
kmBGirj5xJk-00132-00030138-00030370 history a professional bulletin devoted
kmBGirj5xJk-00133-00030372-00030589 to informing the larger military history
kmBGirj5xJk-00134-00030591-00030773 education community and supplies
kmBGirj5xJk-00135-00030774-00030956 readings for the army school system
kmBGirj5xJk-00136-00030957-00031229 including the ROTC community and texts
kmBGirj5xJk-00137-00031230-00031396 and other support for the Army's staff
kmBGirj5xJk-00138-00031397-00031690 Ride program in this effort the chief of
kmBGirj5xJk-00139-00031691-00031880 military history is assisted by a
kmBGirj5xJk-00140-00031881-00032075 historical Advisory Committee that
kmBGirj5xJk-00141-00032076-00032314 includes leading academic historians and
kmBGirj5xJk-00142-00032316-00032486 representatives of the Army School
kmBGirj5xJk-00143-00032487-00032699 System staff rides enable military
kmBGirj5xJk-00144-00032700-00032864 leaders to retrace the course of a
kmBGirj5xJk-00145-00032865-00033023 battle on the ground deepening their
kmBGirj5xJk-00146-00033024-00033161 understanding of the recurring
kmBGirj5xJk-00147-00033162-00033446 fundamentals of military operations as
kmBGirj5xJk-00148-00033447-00033653 one of the Army's major teaching devices
kmBGirj5xJk-00149-00033654-00033899 staff rides are particularly dependent
kmBGirj5xJk-00150-00033900-00034034 on a careful knowledge of military
kmBGirj5xJk-00151-00034035-00034358 history center historians lead rides
kmBGirj5xJk-00152-00034359-00034535 directed by the Secretary of the army
kmBGirj5xJk-00153-00034536-00034754 and the chief of staff and attended by
kmBGirj5xJk-00154-00034755-00035042 senior members of the army staff it
kmBGirj5xJk-00155-00035043-00035234 administers the Army's command history
kmBGirj5xJk-00156-00035235-00035486 program to provide historical support to
kmBGirj5xJk-00157-00035487-00035798 army organizations worldwide in addition
kmBGirj5xJk-00158-00035799-00035999 since the first Persian Gulf War the
kmBGirj5xJk-00159-00036000-00036196 center has coordinated the deployment of
kmBGirj5xJk-00160-00036197-00036395 military history detachments and the
kmBGirj5xJk-00161-00036396-00036575 collection of historical data during
kmBGirj5xJk-00162-00036576-00036773 peacekeeping and wartime operations
kmBGirj5xJk-00163-00036774-00036833 include
kmBGirj5xJk-00164-00036834-00037148 in northern Iraq Somalia Haiti Bosnia
kmBGirj5xJk-00165-00037149-00037753 Kosovo Afghanistan and Iraq
kmBGirj5xJk-00166-00037754-00038302 soppec fellowships and publications
kmBGirj5xJk-00167-00038303-00038530 to stimulate interest in military
kmBGirj5xJk-00168-00038531-00038770 history in the Army in the nation CMH
kmBGirj5xJk-00169-00038771-00039030 sponsors professional programs
kmBGirj5xJk-00170-00039031-00039246 fellowships to encourage and support
kmBGirj5xJk-00171-00039247-00039478 dissertations in military history by
kmBGirj5xJk-00172-00039479-00039691 graduate students the center offers up
kmBGirj5xJk-00173-00039692-00039886 to four dissertation fellowships each
kmBGirj5xJk-00174-00039887-00040188 academic year these fellowships carry a
kmBGirj5xJk-00175-00040189-00040429 $9,000 stipend and access to the
kmBGirj5xJk-00176-00040430-00040630 center's facilities and expertise
kmBGirj5xJk-00177-00040631-00040888 although the fellowship program broadly
kmBGirj5xJk-00178-00040889-00041095 defines the history of war on land it
kmBGirj5xJk-00179-00041096-00041257 selects winners with a preference for
kmBGirj5xJk-00180-00041258-00041556 topics on the history of the u.s. army
kmBGirj5xJk-00181-00041557-00041833 publications the center has over 600
kmBGirj5xJk-00182-00041834-00041968 titles in its catalog
kmBGirj5xJk-00183-00041969-00042190 it is responsible for writing the
kmBGirj5xJk-00184-00042191-00042466 official history of the u.s. army it is
kmBGirj5xJk-00185-00042467-00042679 able to facilitate research provide
kmBGirj5xJk-00186-00042680-00042910 graphics and editorial support and carry
kmBGirj5xJk-00187-00042911-00043189 manuscripts through to publication the
kmBGirj5xJk-00188-00043190-00043381 center also publishes a quarterly
kmBGirj5xJk-00189-00043382-00043627 history journal army history known from
kmBGirj5xJk-00190-00043628-00043999 1983 to 1988 number one number 12 as the
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kn6z1vhaQsA-00000-00000006-00000224 I get an immensely good time with Batman
kn6z1vhaQsA-00001-00000225-00000446 Arkham Knight even if it took me months
kn6z1vhaQsA-00002-00000447-00000761 to wrap up my time in Gotham and I never
kn6z1vhaQsA-00003-00000762-00000958 spoke about it because my computer is
kn6z1vhaQsA-00004-00000959-00001283 [__] now and the footage out of footage
kn6z1vhaQsA-00005-00001284-00001528 captured wasn't worth anything but a
kn6z1vhaQsA-00006-00001529-00001772 mouthful of tears the other reason I
kn6z1vhaQsA-00007-00001773-00001948 never made that video is not the fact
kn6z1vhaQsA-00008-00001950-00002162 that I had to repeatedly chase down
kn6z1vhaQsA-00009-00002163-00002485 Batman and more Beezus laughs child true
kn6z1vhaQsA-00010-00002486-00002771 Gotham's rooftops or that I had to hunt
kn6z1vhaQsA-00011-00002772-00002966 down a human matchstick with the
kn6z1vhaQsA-00012-00002967-00003340 Batarang to a very literal trial by fire
kn6z1vhaQsA-00013-00003340-00003758 no the reason is much closer to my heart
kn6z1vhaQsA-00014-00003759-00004129 than that I had a hard bloody time
kn6z1vhaQsA-00015-00004130-00004463 playing as the villain of the story now
kn6z1vhaQsA-00016-00004464-00004667 now you might go ahead and say something
kn6z1vhaQsA-00017-00004668-00005015 like but Batman is the good guy Mollet
kn6z1vhaQsA-00018-00005016-00005272 said that the real hero of the story
kn6z1vhaQsA-00019-00005273-00005479 wouldn't be so intense and ignoring the
kn6z1vhaQsA-00020-00005480-00005833 jolly colorful voice of fun in his head
kn6z1vhaQsA-00021-00005834-00006227 instead he got Sam's richest man in one
kn6z1vhaQsA-00022-00006228-00006439 of these he's richest folks goes out and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00023-00006440-00006760 beats a poor working-class men forced to
kn6z1vhaQsA-00024-00006761-00006989 work for the city's crime laws probably
kn6z1vhaQsA-00025-00006990-00007159 because they were exploited by Wayne
kn6z1vhaQsA-00026-00007161-00007355 Enterprises in the first place and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00027-00007356-00007642 though there is a little plane selling
kn6z1vhaQsA-00028-00007643-00007885 over my head trying to say it's hitting
kn6z1vhaQsA-00029-00007886-00008153 fly over my head trying to silence me
kn6z1vhaQsA-00030-00008154-00008507 for daring to speak the truth what I'm
kn6z1vhaQsA-00031-00008508-00008759 trying to say is not only is the Batman
kn6z1vhaQsA-00032-00008760-00009053 the fixation of dozens of violent
kn6z1vhaQsA-00033-00009054-00009338 individuals but his meatsuit Bruce Wayne
kn6z1vhaQsA-00034-00009339-00009553 is to blame for the appalling increase
kn6z1vhaQsA-00035-00009554-00009758 in the ranks of these very psychopaths
kn6z1vhaQsA-00036-00009759-00010016 and the rank of unemployment in Gotham
kn6z1vhaQsA-00037-00010017-00010385 and who is the only man the one and only
kn6z1vhaQsA-00038-00010386-00010559 who tries to make everything better
kn6z1vhaQsA-00039-00010560-00010863 lighter for the butt and for the city
kn6z1vhaQsA-00040-00010864-00011239 that's right it's the Joker cremated by
kn6z1vhaQsA-00041-00011240-00011549 none other than did caped assailant and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00042-00011550-00011764 when righteously the very same Joker
kn6z1vhaQsA-00043-00011765-00012010 finds a home in Bruce's head
kn6z1vhaQsA-00044-00012011-00012238 there's bath see the funny aside to life
kn6z1vhaQsA-00045-00012239-00012623 no instead he soaks like a schoolboy
kn6z1vhaQsA-00046-00012624-00012951 whose parents got shot in front of him
kn6z1vhaQsA-00047-00012952-00013212 even just a glimpse of the physiques of
kn6z1vhaQsA-00048-00013213-00013518 these two should be enough but his soul
kn6z1vhaQsA-00049-00013519-00013856 muscles shaped like a Greek demigod
kn6z1vhaQsA-00050-00013857-00014124 obviously a bruiser intent on solving
kn6z1vhaQsA-00051-00014125-00014366 all his problems with those two large
kn6z1vhaQsA-00052-00014368-00014631 fists of his whereas look at this fine
kn6z1vhaQsA-00053-00014632-00014961 chap he's a gone fellow the kind of
kn6z1vhaQsA-00054-00014962-00015231 physique it's cut yourself on if you
kn6z1vhaQsA-00055-00015232-00015519 stare at it long enough and he's holding
kn6z1vhaQsA-00056-00015519-00015828 a skull obviously knows his tear turn
kn6z1vhaQsA-00057-00015829-00016097 literature and I'm guessing Shakespeare
kn6z1vhaQsA-00058-00016099-00016362 anyone a clear mark of intellect and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00059-00016363-00016596 refined taste and his continuous
kn6z1vhaQsA-00060-00016597-00016925 attempts to make Gotham love even if
kn6z1vhaQsA-00061-00016926-00017247 occasionally misfiring came from the
kn6z1vhaQsA-00062-00017248-00017691 heart of who Joker was but he died
kn6z1vhaQsA-00063-00017692-00017961 tragic circumstances really perhaps I'll
kn6z1vhaQsA-00064-00017962-00018138 shed light on those someday if I ever
kn6z1vhaQsA-00065-00018139-00018282 make one of those videos in Arkham
kn6z1vhaQsA-00066-00018283-00018657 City's but he is dead and nothing to do
kn6z1vhaQsA-00067-00018658-00019074 about it except as I said he found the
kn6z1vhaQsA-00068-00019075-00019443 helm in Bruce's head and he gave this
kn6z1vhaQsA-00069-00019444-00019647 mess and caring of all villains the
kn6z1vhaQsA-00070-00019648-00019803 chance to do something good for Gotham
kn6z1vhaQsA-00071-00019804-00020037 by stepping back in giving Joker a
kn6z1vhaQsA-00072-00020038-00020286 second go at life repairing as it were
kn6z1vhaQsA-00073-00020287-00020553 the greatest felony of his past life so
kn6z1vhaQsA-00074-00020554-00020826 what does Batman do he ignores mr. Jay
kn6z1vhaQsA-00075-00020827-00021072 beats up mr. J's girlfriend who
kn6z1vhaQsA-00076-00021073-00021348 admittedly does some unfortunate robbing
kn6z1vhaQsA-00077-00021349-00021645 nothing will do that to your sweat and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00078-00021646-00021906 it's just generally unpleasant in
kn6z1vhaQsA-00079-00021907-00022236 uncommunicative to friends allies and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00080-00022237-00022563 the guy in his head alike at one point
kn6z1vhaQsA-00081-00022564-00022827 he even punches his latest da sidekick
kn6z1vhaQsA-00082-00022828-00023145 talk about child negligence and locks
kn6z1vhaQsA-00083-00023146-00023337 him up just for trying to help with the
kn6z1vhaQsA-00084-00023338-00023634 whole joke attain the true all of this I
kn6z1vhaQsA-00085-00023635-00023964 played on hoping beyond hope that he is
kn6z1vhaQsA-00086-00023965-00024183 burning bright twinkling star Woods
kn6z1vhaQsA-00087-00024184-00024522 persevered managed to win out in the end
kn6z1vhaQsA-00088-00024523-00024819 and indeed he seemed to joke he did and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00089-00024820-00025092 of course we see Joker punishing the
kn6z1vhaQsA-00090-00025093-00025458 criminals of Gotham penguin nygma
kn6z1vhaQsA-00091-00025459-00025787 two-face even the corrupt Commission and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00092-00025788-00026848 Gordon stop stop this madness
kn6z1vhaQsA-00093-00026849-00028183 [Music]
kn6z1vhaQsA-00094-00028183-00028724 but then he returns he terrorizes our
kn6z1vhaQsA-00095-00028725-00029072 sweet pale Prince Taunton mops him and
kn6z1vhaQsA-00096-00029073-00029501 puts real fear of golden bass in his
kn6z1vhaQsA-00097-00029502-00029789 heart and what happens at the end
kn6z1vhaQsA-00098-00029789-00030113 despite Joker's courage everyone's
kn6z1vhaQsA-00099-00030114-00030461 favorite merry uncle is locked up in a
kn6z1vhaQsA-00100-00030462-00031001 cage in bats mind and many cheered Bruce
kn6z1vhaQsA-00101-00031002-00031292 Wayne on never caring for the poor old
kn6z1vhaQsA-00102-00031293-00031643 jokester there is no justice in you sir
kn6z1vhaQsA-00103-00031644-00031910 we just saw Bruce Wayne now known to be
kn6z1vhaQsA-00104-00031911-00032144 the masked vigilante Batman enter his
kn6z1vhaQsA-00105-00032145-00033395 home refusing
kn6z1vhaQsA-00106-00033396-00034149 [Laughter]
kn6z1vhaQsA-00107-00034150-00034408 thanks for watching this video has been
kn6z1vhaQsA-00108-00034409-00034618 a lot of fun to work on and I think I'll
kn6z1vhaQsA-00109-00034619-00034855 be doing more of these shorts kind of
kn6z1vhaQsA-00110-00034856-00034981 twisting the plots of favorite games of
kn6z1vhaQsA-00111-00034982-00035212 mindful human sake if you enjoy this
kn6z1vhaQsA-00112-00035213-00035428 press our subscribe button give my lil
kn6z1vhaQsA-00113-00035429-00035686 Bella ring a daily lending and like my
kn6z1vhaQsA-00114-00035687-00035926 video he'll dislike it if it means
kn6z1vhaQsA-00115-00035927-00036112 you'll be active YouTube doesn't care
kn6z1vhaQsA-00116-00036113-00036334 leave the comments tell me how I got all
kn6z1vhaQsA-00117-00036335-00036556 this wrong make fun of me just do
kn6z1vhaQsA-00118-00036557-00036934 something might connect network click
kn6z1vhaQsA-00119-00036935-00037135 multi Russian commercial empire which
kn6z1vhaQsA-00120-00037136-00037303 will indirectly dictate a political
kn6z1vhaQsA-00121-00037304-00037513 landscape of the human civilization any
kn6z1vhaQsA-00122-00037514-00037828 of the above and more I eventually hope
kn6z1vhaQsA-00123-00037829-00038062 to osa tell the story of jokey's origins
kn6z1vhaQsA-00124-00038063-00038272 back in the day when he was a young chap
kn6z1vhaQsA-00125-00038273-00038446 getting to know his character in that in
kn6z1vhaQsA-00126-00038447-00038761 his time in Japan the story is told in
kn6z1vhaQsA-00127-00038762-00039016 atlases person a 5 it's really quite
kn6z1vhaQsA-00128-00039017-00039601 good by I have been gence
kn6z1vhaQsA-00129-00039602-00040165 I am the night I am Batman
l00Ouo1OG5A-00000-00001421-00001739 um hello everybody I'm very sorry that I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00001-00001739-00002101 cannot uh be with you in person uh but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00002-00002102-00002500 somehow I managed to to get coronavirus
l00Ouo1OG5A-00003-00002501-00003065 so I'm locked down in in my apartment
l00Ouo1OG5A-00004-00003066-00003388 um I will do my best to make this um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00005-00003389-00003761 presentation interesting also in in this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00006-00003761-00004193 online uh way also if you have any
l00Ouo1OG5A-00007-00004194-00004559 questions any comments I'm open to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00008-00004560-00004967 discussion uh we can make this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00009-00004968-00005272 discussion also between the slides or if
l00Ouo1OG5A-00010-00005273-00005602 you prefer to wait until the end of the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00011-00005603-00005993 presentation uh we can have a discussion
l00Ouo1OG5A-00012-00005994-00006220 um at the end it really depends
l00Ouo1OG5A-00013-00006221-00006365 um on you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00014-00006366-00006587 um I haven't been with you in the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00015-00006588-00006983 morning and also in other days so I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00016-00006984-00007217 don't have a feeling how
l00Ouo1OG5A-00017-00007218-00007714 um this event is actually organized
l00Ouo1OG5A-00018-00007715-00007925 um personally
l00Ouo1OG5A-00019-00007926-00008263 um yes I was introduced I'm a researcher
l00Ouo1OG5A-00020-00008264-00008531 I'm already a senior researcher meaning
l00Ouo1OG5A-00021-00008532-00008753 that I've been involved in several
l00Ouo1OG5A-00022-00008754-00009155 European projects we started with fp6
l00Ouo1OG5A-00023-00009156-00009574 and then fp7 Horizon
l00Ouo1OG5A-00024-00009575-00009667 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00025-00009668-00010156 2020 and now Horizon Europe projects
l00Ouo1OG5A-00026-00010157-00010564 um so I'm familiar with open science and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00027-00010565-00010756 open data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00028-00010757-00010906 um I mean I'm familiar with the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00029-00010907-00011231 evolution you know of of this um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00030-00011232-00011555 approach and I'm really happy that now
l00Ouo1OG5A-00031-00011556-00012077 in 2022 uh we are open to open science
l00Ouo1OG5A-00032-00012078-00012396 we are happy to share data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00033-00012397-00012731 however there are challenges
l00Ouo1OG5A-00034-00012732-00013085 um which is good to be aware of and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00035-00013086-00013351 today I will try you know to translate
l00Ouo1OG5A-00036-00013352-00013847 uh my knowledge to you if I miss
l00Ouo1OG5A-00037-00013847-00014177 anything as I said at the beginning uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00038-00014178-00014465 please just ask and we I will try to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00039-00014466-00014866 provide uh you with answers
l00Ouo1OG5A-00040-00014868-00015185 um okay maybe just yeah for for your
l00Ouo1OG5A-00041-00015186-00015491 information I'm computer scientist I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00042-00015491-00015880 work in the field of machine learning
l00Ouo1OG5A-00043-00015881-00016186 artificial intelligence data science and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00044-00016187-00016366 I'm also somehow connected with
l00Ouo1OG5A-00045-00016368-00016672 evolutionary optimization uh so that you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00046-00016673-00017039 know that a more a technical person uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00047-00017040-00017357 however the principles are more or less
l00Ouo1OG5A-00048-00017358-00017621 the same in all
l00Ouo1OG5A-00049-00017622-00017957 um science disciplines
l00Ouo1OG5A-00050-00017958-00018233 um so today in this lecture
l00Ouo1OG5A-00051-00018234-00018539 I will try to discuss
l00Ouo1OG5A-00052-00018540-00018797 um what is the main aim of European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00053-00018798-00019127 projects uh why this European projects
l00Ouo1OG5A-00054-00019128-00019463 are so data driven
l00Ouo1OG5A-00055-00019464-00019769 um I will try to explain very briefly
l00Ouo1OG5A-00056-00019770-00020057 what is distinction between data and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00057-00020058-00020314 metadata because it's really good that
l00Ouo1OG5A-00058-00020315-00020530 you understand
l00Ouo1OG5A-00059-00020531-00020963 um these Concepts I will also touch a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00060-00020964-00021389 definition of deep data and then we will
l00Ouo1OG5A-00061-00021390-00021725 continue with the presentation on how to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00062-00021726-00022091 prepare data to become open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00063-00022092-00022349 um we will mention if you open data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00064-00022350-00022594 strategies and then we will conclude
l00Ouo1OG5A-00065-00022595-00022955 with a very brief discussion on our
l00Ouo1OG5A-00066-00022956-00023453 perception of open data because this is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00067-00023454-00023717 also very important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00068-00023718-00023944 um it's good that we have all these
l00Ouo1OG5A-00069-00023945-00024155 principles we have all the technology
l00Ouo1OG5A-00070-00024156-00024539 which support words data sharing but if
l00Ouo1OG5A-00071-00024540-00024864 we are not happy to share data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00072-00024865-00025157 all these Concepts and strategies won't
l00Ouo1OG5A-00073-00025158-00025355 work
l00Ouo1OG5A-00074-00025356-00025733 um so yeah this is more or less all for
l00Ouo1OG5A-00075-00025733-00026050 today most probably I mean I checked
l00Ouo1OG5A-00076-00026051-00026458 again that uh and I noticed that you had
l00Ouo1OG5A-00077-00026460-00026783 several interesting presentations and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00078-00026783-00027083 also in the following days you will hear
l00Ouo1OG5A-00079-00027083-00027335 a lot of interesting
l00Ouo1OG5A-00080-00027336-00027401 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00081-00027402-00027840 things about open science and open data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00082-00027841-00028212 so hopefully I want to repeat myself
l00Ouo1OG5A-00083-00028213-00028564 with other presentations
l00Ouo1OG5A-00084-00028566-00028702 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00085-00028704-00029051 yeah as I said I'll do my best
l00Ouo1OG5A-00086-00029052-00029381 um to make it let's say original
l00Ouo1OG5A-00087-00029382-00029693 I don't know how many of you are already
l00Ouo1OG5A-00088-00029694-00030058 involved in European projects most
l00Ouo1OG5A-00089-00030060-00030214 probably
l00Ouo1OG5A-00090-00030216-00030361 yes
l00Ouo1OG5A-00091-00030362-00030881 uh but if you continue to be active in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00092-00030882-00031217 the domain of science uh sooner or later
l00Ouo1OG5A-00093-00031218-00031517 you will become part of some projects
l00Ouo1OG5A-00094-00031518-00031757 some International project European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00095-00031758-00032039 project and it's good to know what are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00096-00032039-00032183 the rules
l00Ouo1OG5A-00097-00032183-00032735 so from my understanding the main aim of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00098-00032736-00033149 any European project is to join forces
l00Ouo1OG5A-00099-00033150-00033461 of different research groups coming from
l00Ouo1OG5A-00100-00033462-00033755 different either geographical regions or
l00Ouo1OG5A-00101-00033756-00033929 disciplines
l00Ouo1OG5A-00102-00033930-00034289 and try to collect as many data as
l00Ouo1OG5A-00103-00034290-00034601 possible to find answers to open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00104-00034602-00034987 questions nowadays it's really difficult
l00Ouo1OG5A-00105-00034988-00035405 to find answers to any scientific
l00Ouo1OG5A-00106-00035406-00035723 questions without data and because we
l00Ouo1OG5A-00107-00035724-00036011 have very strong technology why wouldn't
l00Ouo1OG5A-00108-00036012-00036551 we use uh use it to First collect data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00109-00036552-00036911 then share it and finally use it we use
l00Ouo1OG5A-00110-00036912-00037368 it to find answers to our questions
l00Ouo1OG5A-00111-00037369-00037702 we also shouldn't forget about the fact
l00Ouo1OG5A-00112-00037703-00038021 that these data are collected and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00113-00038022-00038296 prepared in different ways in different
l00Ouo1OG5A-00114-00038297-00038530 formats
l00Ouo1OG5A-00115-00038531-00038867 um yeah also using all kind of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00116-00038868-00039196 classification description systems which
l00Ouo1OG5A-00117-00039197-00039665 makes reusing of such data are very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00118-00039666-00039893 difficult imagine in one study you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00119-00039894-00040109 collect pictures in another study you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00120-00040110-00040390 collect signals in the third study you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00121-00040391-00040721 collect text okay how to combine all
l00Ouo1OG5A-00122-00040722-00041021 these data it's not easy but technology
l00Ouo1OG5A-00123-00041022-00041351 luckily is developed well so we can do
l00Ouo1OG5A-00124-00041352-00041615 it
l00Ouo1OG5A-00125-00041616-00041945 um yeah as I said data is important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00126-00041946-00042299 because we want to find answers to open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00127-00042300-00042640 research questions and having
l00Ouo1OG5A-00128-00042641-00043043 high quality data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00129-00043044-00043337 um sooner or later we also manage to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00130-00043338-00043495 find an answer
l00Ouo1OG5A-00131-00043496-00043780 data is not important only for
l00Ouo1OG5A-00132-00043781-00044190 scientists but it's also very important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00133-00044191-00044524 also for others here you can see some
l00Ouo1OG5A-00134-00044525-00044951 statistics PubMed the library
l00Ouo1OG5A-00135-00044952-00045121 of medical
l00Ouo1OG5A-00136-00045122-00045552 knowledge they provide very nice
l00Ouo1OG5A-00137-00045553-00045874 interface and also statistics and this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00138-00045875-00046373 statistic says that daily users okay one
l00Ouo1OG5A-00139-00046374-00046780 fourth of daily users are academics
l00Ouo1OG5A-00140-00046781-00047146 however very large percentage 40
l00Ouo1OG5A-00141-00047147-00047590 percentage of users are citizens and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00142-00047591-00047873 then others are companies policy makers
l00Ouo1OG5A-00143-00047874-00048161 and so on I mean to me it was really
l00Ouo1OG5A-00144-00048162-00048565 interesting this fact that such a big
l00Ouo1OG5A-00145-00048566-00048929 percentage of users
l00Ouo1OG5A-00146-00048930-00049339 um are coming from citizens and nowadays
l00Ouo1OG5A-00147-00049340-00049649 citizen science is also very important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00148-00049650-00049979 and should be part of open science so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00149-00049980-00050302 when we prepare data when we prepare the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00150-00050303-00050461 scientific information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00151-00050462-00050839 we also need to consider that readers
l00Ouo1OG5A-00152-00050840-00051244 users of this information maybe people
l00Ouo1OG5A-00153-00051245-00051670 who are not experts in our field so we
l00Ouo1OG5A-00154-00051671-00052019 need to work with reliable data we need
l00Ouo1OG5A-00155-00052020-00052266 to prepare the information in such a way
l00Ouo1OG5A-00156-00052267-00052625 that not only it's understandable but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00157-00052626-00053075 it's also replicable with others
l00Ouo1OG5A-00158-00053076-00053285 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00159-00053286-00053704 yeah the question whether we shall share
l00Ouo1OG5A-00160-00053705-00054011 or not share our data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00161-00054012-00054341 I think we all know the answer
l00Ouo1OG5A-00162-00054341-00054679 it's really how to say fair
l00Ouo1OG5A-00163-00054679-00055115 that we are open and that we allow our
l00Ouo1OG5A-00164-00055116-00055541 data to be shared and reused with others
l00Ouo1OG5A-00165-00055541-00055961 the answer is simple but to prepare data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00166-00055962-00056209 so that it can be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00167-00056210-00056591 usable also by others it's not an easy
l00Ouo1OG5A-00168-00056591-00056788 task
l00Ouo1OG5A-00169-00056789-00056909 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00170-00056910-00057232 here I'm saying research is expensive
l00Ouo1OG5A-00171-00057233-00057544 yeah usually it's very expensive and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00172-00057545-00057773 it's almost impossible to collect enough
l00Ouo1OG5A-00173-00057774-00058115 data only by one study or sometimes even
l00Ouo1OG5A-00174-00058116-00058463 by one project even big project European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00175-00058464-00058804 project so let's collect data let's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00176-00058805-00059044 prepare data so that we can start
l00Ouo1OG5A-00177-00059045-00059350 combining integrating data from
l00Ouo1OG5A-00178-00059351-00059638 different sources and then we can be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00179-00059639-00060011 really strong
l00Ouo1OG5A-00180-00060012-00060154 um so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00181-00060155-00060400 somehow intuitively
l00Ouo1OG5A-00182-00060401-00060994 we can say more data better data but in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00183-00060995-00061397 fact more data Big Data doesn't mean
l00Ouo1OG5A-00184-00061398-00061715 that this data is very good data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00185-00061716-00061973 sometimes it's better to have a less
l00Ouo1OG5A-00186-00061974-00062338 quantity of data but this data is of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00187-00062339-00062663 high quality and high integrity I mean
l00Ouo1OG5A-00188-00062664-00062932 obviously we want to have more more data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00189-00062933-00063300 but the quality is also very important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00190-00063301-00063676 nowadays this term deep data is already
l00Ouo1OG5A-00191-00063677-00064000 very well established and means that
l00Ouo1OG5A-00192-00064001-00064354 this data has you know deep meaning are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00193-00064355-00064894 of high quality and high integrity
l00Ouo1OG5A-00194-00064895-00065015 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00195-00065016-00065369 we have several questions yeah once we
l00Ouo1OG5A-00196-00065370-00065759 start collecting data uh we have some
l00Ouo1OG5A-00197-00065760-00066065 technical questions first how to achieve
l00Ouo1OG5A-00198-00066066-00066379 high quality and high integrity data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00199-00066380-00066715 second what to do
l00Ouo1OG5A-00200-00066716-00067193 to make this data shareable then very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00201-00067194-00067487 important we have also legal and ethical
l00Ouo1OG5A-00202-00067488-00067841 ethical questions this is out of the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00203-00067842-00068117 scope of of this lecture I also noticed
l00Ouo1OG5A-00204-00068118-00068525 that you either already had or you will
l00Ouo1OG5A-00205-00068526-00068993 have a lecture on that I really suggest
l00Ouo1OG5A-00206-00068994-00069221 strongly suggest that you attended
l00Ouo1OG5A-00207-00069222-00069419 because it's really really important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00208-00069420-00069694 question to be addressed by any
l00Ouo1OG5A-00209-00069695-00070006 scientists especially in this era of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00210-00070007-00070349 data when it's easy to collect data but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00211-00070350-00070661 you know once you start sharing data you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00212-00070662-00070997 really need to be cautious
l00Ouo1OG5A-00213-00070998-00071423 um about sensitive data and then as I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00214-00071424-00071567 mentioned at the beginning of the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00215-00071568-00071956 lecture also the scientist's perception
l00Ouo1OG5A-00216-00071957-00072461 um is very important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00217-00072462-00072587 yeah
l00Ouo1OG5A-00218-00072588-00072755 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00219-00072756-00073115 if I would be with you I would ask you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00220-00073116-00073306 um what's your opinion about the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00221-00073307-00073571 distinction between data and metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00222-00073572-00073859 but because I'm I'm online I will skip
l00Ouo1OG5A-00223-00073860-00074182 this part and I will I will continue
l00Ouo1OG5A-00224-00074183-00074447 um describing uh what the definition of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00225-00074448-00074849 data I mean data we all have a feeling
l00Ouo1OG5A-00226-00074850-00075205 that we know what's data but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00227-00075206-00075647 usually we are not aware that data are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00228-00075648-00076103 facts and without knowing a context of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00229-00076104-00076259 this data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00230-00076260-00076493 it actually doesn't have any meaning
l00Ouo1OG5A-00231-00076494-00076811 here I'm giving an example of facts like
l00Ouo1OG5A-00232-00076812-00077155 f or M or I don't know 25
l00Ouo1OG5A-00233-00077156-00077682 these facts May mean anything 25 can be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00234-00077683-00078197 temperature can be weight can be hate
l00Ouo1OG5A-00235-00078198-00078587 whatever so we really need to specify
l00Ouo1OG5A-00236-00078588-00078844 context of our data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00237-00078845-00079176 to become I mean to make this data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00238-00079177-00079685 usable so by others so we say that okay
l00Ouo1OG5A-00239-00079686-00079961 we have facts these are data then if we
l00Ouo1OG5A-00240-00079962-00080206 specify context of this data we can
l00Ouo1OG5A-00241-00080207-00080405 start talking about information coming
l00Ouo1OG5A-00242-00080406-00080741 from this data and once we have enough
l00Ouo1OG5A-00243-00080742-00081041 of these pieces of information we can
l00Ouo1OG5A-00244-00081042-00081287 create knowledge and without knowledge
l00Ouo1OG5A-00245-00081288-00081581 obviously we cannot make informed
l00Ouo1OG5A-00246-00081582-00081881 decisions so all these steps are very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00247-00081882-00082253 important and how to define context we
l00Ouo1OG5A-00248-00082254-00082588 do it by metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00249-00082589-00083056 so each data needs to be enriched with
l00Ouo1OG5A-00250-00083057-00083231 metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00251-00083232-00083650 and then we have two big major types of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00252-00083651-00084011 metadata the first group is related to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00253-00084012-00084299 data origin we need to specify who is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00254-00084300-00084623 the author at what time I don't know at
l00Ouo1OG5A-00255-00084624-00084994 what place this data was collected and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00256-00084995-00085085 so on
l00Ouo1OG5A-00257-00085086-00085523 we say this is a data provenance data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00258-00085524-00085781 and then other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00259-00085782-00086082 major group of metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00260-00086083-00086417 Define the context which I mentioned
l00Ouo1OG5A-00261-00086418-00086831 before the context of data we describe
l00Ouo1OG5A-00262-00086832-00087221 the methodology we describe you know all
l00Ouo1OG5A-00263-00087222-00087803 specifics which make data really usable
l00Ouo1OG5A-00264-00087804-00088199 and because yeah nowadays more or less
l00Ouo1OG5A-00265-00088200-00088756 we deal with data in digital form uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00266-00088757-00088999 it's very useful to have technology
l00Ouo1OG5A-00267-00089000-00089591 which would Define this metadata also in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00268-00089592-00089921 an automatic way
l00Ouo1OG5A-00269-00089922-00090215 um and if this is done by using
l00Ouo1OG5A-00270-00090216-00090593 technology we say that data are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00271-00090594-00090797 annotated
l00Ouo1OG5A-00272-00090798-00091079 um and this annotation should follow
l00Ouo1OG5A-00273-00091080-00091444 specific standards uh specific semantic
l00Ouo1OG5A-00274-00091445-00091823 resources which are also called um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00275-00091824-00092200 taxonomies ontologies and so on so we
l00Ouo1OG5A-00276-00092201-00092597 could make a separate lecture on that uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00277-00092598-00092767 but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00278-00092768-00093137 these researchers which work
l00Ouo1OG5A-00279-00093138-00093379 um in any
l00Ouo1OG5A-00280-00093380-00093641 coordination collaboration with computer
l00Ouo1OG5A-00281-00093642-00094103 science are aware of these Concepts and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00282-00094104-00094373 should follow them I mean when you start
l00Ouo1OG5A-00283-00094374-00094697 you know designing a study uh and you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00284-00094698-00094991 think about data that you would like to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00285-00094992-00095375 to collect it's also nice if you have
l00Ouo1OG5A-00286-00095376-00095759 some standards on how to define and then
l00Ouo1OG5A-00287-00095760-00096097 collect data so the data are collected
l00Ouo1OG5A-00288-00096098-00096515 in similar ways and then integration of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00289-00096516-00096773 data coming from different studies can
l00Ouo1OG5A-00290-00096774-00097156 be done in a much much easier way
l00Ouo1OG5A-00291-00097157-00097438 okay so hopefully now you distinguish
l00Ouo1OG5A-00292-00097439-00097859 between data data and metadata and both
l00Ouo1OG5A-00293-00097860-00098212 groups are very important and sometimes
l00Ouo1OG5A-00294-00098213-00098555 you know you have repositories which
l00Ouo1OG5A-00295-00098556-00098849 provide information only about metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00296-00098850-00099191 but even this information is of high
l00Ouo1OG5A-00297-00099192-00099532 importance for instance you have a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00298-00099533-00100049 repository of Publications produced by
l00Ouo1OG5A-00299-00100050-00100338 specific authors specific institutions
l00Ouo1OG5A-00300-00100339-00100631 on specific topics these are all
l00Ouo1OG5A-00301-00100632-00101050 metadata and then once you find the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00302-00101051-00101515 resource you are you know
l00Ouo1OG5A-00303-00101516-00101891 transferred then you are a lead on
l00Ouo1OG5A-00304-00101892-00102337 further to the resource of of main data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00305-00102338-00102610 so yeah
l00Ouo1OG5A-00306-00102611-00102839 um let's go back to our technical
l00Ouo1OG5A-00307-00102840-00102982 questions
l00Ouo1OG5A-00308-00102983-00103306 um I mentioned that uh once we decide to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00309-00103307-00103630 make data open we have several technical
l00Ouo1OG5A-00310-00103631-00103913 questions we can we have a legal and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00311-00103914-00104260 ethical issues to be discussed and then
l00Ouo1OG5A-00312-00104261-00104794 other perception related questions so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00313-00104795-00105190 regarding the the technical questions I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00314-00105191-00105377 mentioned that it's really important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00315-00105378-00105701 that data are of high quality and high
l00Ouo1OG5A-00316-00105702-00105989 integrity what does it mean
l00Ouo1OG5A-00317-00105990-00106295 um it means that data should be as
l00Ouo1OG5A-00318-00106296-00106571 complete as possible and this is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00319-00106572-00106786 something which you need to consider
l00Ouo1OG5A-00320-00106788-00107015 from the very beginning of your study
l00Ouo1OG5A-00321-00107016-00107525 then data should be completely accurate
l00Ouo1OG5A-00322-00107526-00107825 you know it's not very helpful that it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00323-00107826-00108119 accurate only in some aspects but in all
l00Ouo1OG5A-00324-00108120-00108269 of them
l00Ouo1OG5A-00325-00108270-00108665 um and this data curation requires a lot
l00Ouo1OG5A-00326-00108666-00108971 of time a lot of efforts this needs to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00327-00108972-00109258 be taken into account again at the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00328-00109259-00109547 beginning of the study because you need
l00Ouo1OG5A-00329-00109548-00109865 to consider this fact you will spend a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00330-00109866-00110128 lot of time for data curation if you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00331-00110129-00110525 want to make it of high quality data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00332-00110526-00110927 should be consistent it means that
l00Ouo1OG5A-00333-00110928-00111004 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00334-00111005-00111328 it's not good that you collect data only
l00Ouo1OG5A-00335-00111329-00111604 about I don't know girls if you want to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00336-00111605-00111971 consider also some aspects related to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00337-00111972-00112283 boys you need to consider in this case
l00Ouo1OG5A-00338-00112283-00112619 about the genders so you need to be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00339-00112620-00112954 consistent in the data collection and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00340-00112955-00113308 then what's also very important uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00341-00113309-00113669 nowadays data should be also immediately
l00Ouo1OG5A-00342-00113670-00113890 actionable
l00Ouo1OG5A-00343-00113891-00114149 um it means that you remember I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00344-00114150-00114460 mentioned in some study you collect I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00345-00114461-00114689 don't know pictures and in another study
l00Ouo1OG5A-00346-00114690-00115025 you collect text you want this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00347-00115026-00115415 information to be merged to be linked as
l00Ouo1OG5A-00348-00115416-00115715 quickly as possible if you want to make
l00Ouo1OG5A-00349-00115716-00115997 this data useful you don't want to make
l00Ouo1OG5A-00350-00115998-00116284 you know data open and then others will
l00Ouo1OG5A-00351-00116285-00116665 spend ages to make these data compatible
l00Ouo1OG5A-00352-00116666-00117047 so this is also something which is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00353-00117048-00117407 usually considered in advance
l00Ouo1OG5A-00354-00117408-00117652 and it's very related to European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00355-00117653-00118078 projects nowadays more or less in I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00356-00118079-00118336 won't say in all projects but in the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00357-00118338-00118639 majority of projects these
l00Ouo1OG5A-00358-00118640-00118873 interoperability and standardization
l00Ouo1OG5A-00359-00118874-00119208 issue is addressed
l00Ouo1OG5A-00360-00119209-00119560 in in the project so if you are not from
l00Ouo1OG5A-00361-00119561-00119825 this field it's really good that in such
l00Ouo1OG5A-00362-00119826-00120119 a project you connect with Partners who
l00Ouo1OG5A-00363-00120120-00120563 deal with this issue
l00Ouo1OG5A-00364-00120564-00120971 um all these questions related to uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00365-00120972-00121247 quality and integrity
l00Ouo1OG5A-00366-00121248-00121457 um are covered with so-called Fair
l00Ouo1OG5A-00367-00121458-00121678 principles
l00Ouo1OG5A-00368-00121679-00121933 um once you are part of European project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00369-00121933-00122297 funded by European commission this is a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00370-00122298-00122669 requirement this is mandatory that all
l00Ouo1OG5A-00371-00122670-00123028 data collected in a project in a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00372-00123029-00123401 European EU funded project is prepared
l00Ouo1OG5A-00373-00123402-00123827 so that fair principles are followed uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00374-00123828-00124195 fair means these data are findable
l00Ouo1OG5A-00375-00124196-00124516 they are prepared in such a way that not
l00Ouo1OG5A-00376-00124517-00124727 only humans can read it but also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00377-00124728-00124978 Information Systems
l00Ouo1OG5A-00378-00124979-00125489 um then it's accessible means that data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00379-00125490-00125704 is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00380-00125705-00126265 um is stored to be open access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00381-00126266-00126823 it can be downloaded from some open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00382-00126824-00127204 data Repository
l00Ouo1OG5A-00383-00127205-00127740 then it's interoperable means that it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00384-00127741-00128039 stored in such a format that it can be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00385-00128040-00128333 integrated also with other types of data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00386-00128333-00128813 and reusable so regarding these Fair
l00Ouo1OG5A-00387-00128814-00129028 principles
l00Ouo1OG5A-00388-00129029-00129328 um I suggest that you also check the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00389-00129329-00129457 European project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00390-00129458-00129923 named fairspare where you can find a lot
l00Ouo1OG5A-00391-00129924-00130307 of information on this aspect
l00Ouo1OG5A-00392-00130308-00130414 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00393-00130415-00130739 I'm sorry but one hour is really not
l00Ouo1OG5A-00394-00130740-00131219 enough time you know to go more deep
l00Ouo1OG5A-00395-00131220-00131525 into these questions so I will mention
l00Ouo1OG5A-00396-00131526-00131766 everything that you should be aware of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00397-00131767-00132089 once entering or proposing a European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00398-00132090-00132328 project and then if you have any open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00399-00132329-00132604 questions you can contact me also later
l00Ouo1OG5A-00400-00132605-00132952 by email and I can help you as much as I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00401-00132953-00133181 can
l00Ouo1OG5A-00402-00133182-00133516 um another technical question
l00Ouo1OG5A-00403-00133517-00133733 um is related
l00Ouo1OG5A-00404-00133734-00133823 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00405-00133824-00134237 to share data let's say that we are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00406-00134238-00134549 happy with our data data is prepared so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00407-00134550-00134783 that it's of high quality and it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00408-00134784-00134911 highly
l00Ouo1OG5A-00409-00134912-00135281 integratable uh but now we come to the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00410-00135282-00135521 question you know how to actually share
l00Ouo1OG5A-00411-00135522-00135701 data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00412-00135702-00135821 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00413-00135822-00136097 it really depends first on the project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00414-00136098-00136378 and second on your Institution
l00Ouo1OG5A-00415-00136379-00136871 uh if your institution requires all data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00416-00136872-00137219 um to be stored uploaded to the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00417-00137220-00137549 institutional data repository then you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00418-00137550-00137854 should follow their rules
l00Ouo1OG5A-00419-00137855-00138202 um in again majority of European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00420-00138203-00138533 projects this is defined from the very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00421-00138534-00138821 beginning actually already when the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00422-00138822-00139204 project is proposed these aspects need
l00Ouo1OG5A-00423-00139205-00139540 to be described in the project proposal
l00Ouo1OG5A-00424-00139541-00139973 so there is data management plan which
l00Ouo1OG5A-00425-00139974-00140357 is mandatory and if you are new to any
l00Ouo1OG5A-00426-00140358-00140752 project I suggest that you read first
l00Ouo1OG5A-00427-00140753-00141095 the DOA the document of actions the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00428-00141096-00141378 grant agreement Consortium agreement
l00Ouo1OG5A-00429-00141379-00141790 because their everything is written
l00Ouo1OG5A-00430-00141791-00142181 if you cannot find this information in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00431-00142182-00142463 majority of European projects there are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00432-00142464-00142840 data managers persons who are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00433-00142841-00143051 responsible for data management in a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00434-00143052-00143473 project so you should contact him or her
l00Ouo1OG5A-00435-00143474-00143675 uh and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00436-00143676-00143945 if you don't find yeah the information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00437-00143946-00144221 then the last step would be to contact
l00Ouo1OG5A-00438-00144222-00144611 scientific coordinator and then they are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00439-00144612-00144761 responsible
l00Ouo1OG5A-00440-00144762-00145145 um for for you and I'm pretty sure they
l00Ouo1OG5A-00441-00145146-00145343 will help you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00442-00145344-00145457 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00443-00145458-00145697 we have several
l00Ouo1OG5A-00444-00145698-00146128 um trusted data repositories here I'm
l00Ouo1OG5A-00445-00146129-00146645 mentioning uh zenodo which is part of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00446-00146646-00146939 open air project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00447-00146940-00147251 um it has been established by turn uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00448-00147252-00147437 it's also supported by European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00449-00147438-00147851 commission so it's very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00450-00147852-00148223 um well established data repository what
l00Ouo1OG5A-00451-00148224-00148540 I find really interesting with this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00452-00148541-00148763 repository is that they also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00453-00148764-00149035 automatically assign digital object
l00Ouo1OG5A-00454-00149036-00149431 identifiers which is for researcher
l00Ouo1OG5A-00455-00149432-00149752 important because you know when you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00456-00149753-00150028 publish a paper you receive this doya
l00Ouo1OG5A-00457-00150029-00150490 and you receive some credits uh but you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00458-00150491-00150604 know
l00Ouo1OG5A-00459-00150605-00150863 most probably you have spent a lot a lot
l00Ouo1OG5A-00460-00150864-00151169 of time in collecting and curating and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00461-00151170-00151487 preparing data and you want to get also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00462-00151488-00151769 credits for that uh and here you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00463-00151770-00152057 instantly receive doya which you can
l00Ouo1OG5A-00464-00152058-00152464 then use as these kind of credits
l00Ouo1OG5A-00465-00152465-00152578 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00466-00152579-00152921 then regarding the open science
l00Ouo1OG5A-00467-00152922-00153239 strategies and policies each country
l00Ouo1OG5A-00468-00153240-00153581 each institution European commission and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00469-00153582-00153904 also Ethiopian project uh follow
l00Ouo1OG5A-00470-00153905-00154126 specific standards
l00Ouo1OG5A-00471-00154127-00154289 so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00472-00154290-00154543 I suggest that
l00Ouo1OG5A-00473-00154544-00155002 you somehow find information about these
l00Ouo1OG5A-00474-00155003-00155302 strategies which are related first to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00475-00155303-00155549 your institution and then next to the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00476-00155550-00155890 project uh if you are a student and you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00477-00155891-00156137 have a supervisor
l00Ouo1OG5A-00478-00156138-00156449 um my suggestion would be to to talk to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00479-00156450-00156814 him or her about that also from the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00480-00156815-00157157 beginning of your study of your research
l00Ouo1OG5A-00481-00157158-00157345 work because
l00Ouo1OG5A-00482-00157346-00157745 the rule is that you publish
l00Ouo1OG5A-00483-00157746-00158213 um yeah all these research results as
l00Ouo1OG5A-00484-00158214-00158759 Open Access as soon as possible
l00Ouo1OG5A-00485-00158760-00158843 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00486-00158844-00159035 yeah
l00Ouo1OG5A-00487-00159036-00159364 yeah okay let's continue
l00Ouo1OG5A-00488-00159365-00159497 um maybe
l00Ouo1OG5A-00489-00159498-00159833 yeah I can replicate here
l00Ouo1OG5A-00490-00159834-00160271 myself my I can repeat myself that open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00491-00160272-00160607 science is a broad term most probably
l00Ouo1OG5A-00492-00160608-00160873 you have already discussed that in other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00493-00160874-00161290 presentations in other lectures and it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00494-00161291-00161711 much more than just open access to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00495-00161712-00161993 Publications or data it's also related
l00Ouo1OG5A-00496-00161994-00162199 to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00497-00162200-00162575 citizen science the way of thinking the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00498-00162576-00162826 way of collaborating
l00Ouo1OG5A-00499-00162827-00163007 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00500-00163008-00163276 yeah it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00501-00163277-00163775 as the term says it's openness uh opens
l00Ouo1OG5A-00502-00163776-00164159 the way of thinking and personally I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00503-00164160-00164459 believe that this is the best way to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00504-00164460-00164861 make progress in science because
l00Ouo1OG5A-00505-00164862-00165316 with collaboration we can just profit
l00Ouo1OG5A-00506-00165317-00165664 um but yeah there are also challenges as
l00Ouo1OG5A-00507-00165665-00165881 mentioned before
l00Ouo1OG5A-00508-00165882-00166116 um all these infrastructures
l00Ouo1OG5A-00509-00166117-00166495 repositories where you store or donate
l00Ouo1OG5A-00510-00166496-00166854 your data should also support this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00511-00166855-00167214 interoperability so that you don't have
l00Ouo1OG5A-00512-00167215-00167539 too much work
l00Ouo1OG5A-00513-00167540-00167957 you shouldn't care about all the aspects
l00Ouo1OG5A-00514-00167958-00168137 you shouldn't care about the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00515-00168138-00168383 interoperability of your data with other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00516-00168384-00168719 data this is the task you know of these
l00Ouo1OG5A-00517-00168720-00168923 platforms
l00Ouo1OG5A-00518-00168924-00169037 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00519-00169038-00169489 foreign
l00Ouo1OG5A-00520-00169490-00169823 which I believe is also a very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00521-00169824-00169990 interesting
l00Ouo1OG5A-00522-00169991-00170140 um it's called
l00Ouo1OG5A-00523-00170141-00170314 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00524-00170315-00170525 red tree
l00Ouo1OG5A-00525-00170526-00170611 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00526-00170612-00171154 data.org uh there you can find all the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00527-00171155-00171504 data repositories
l00Ouo1OG5A-00528-00171505-00171857 used nowadays in different European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00529-00171858-00172054 countries
l00Ouo1OG5A-00530-00172055-00172349 um and several years ago not many of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00531-00172350-00172763 them in Slovenia we had two or four open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00532-00172764-00173135 data repositories nowadays we have let's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00533-00173136-00173525 say a dozen of them uh the number is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00534-00173526-00173795 increasing all the time
l00Ouo1OG5A-00535-00173796-00173873 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00536-00173874-00174257 I checked also University of maribor uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00537-00174258-00174623 has its own data repository we have the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00538-00174624-00174875 national repository of research
l00Ouo1OG5A-00539-00174876-00175211 institutions so there are many of them
l00Ouo1OG5A-00540-00175212-00175540 and you should really check either with
l00Ouo1OG5A-00541-00175541-00175775 your supervisor with the scientific
l00Ouo1OG5A-00542-00175776-00176002 coordinator or finding with your
l00Ouo1OG5A-00543-00176003-00176488 librarian uh which repository is the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00544-00176489-00177023 best one uh in your in your case
l00Ouo1OG5A-00545-00177024-00177233 um I mentioned open science strategies
l00Ouo1OG5A-00546-00177234-00177514 and policies obviously we have a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00547-00177515-00177647 national
l00Ouo1OG5A-00548-00177648-00177971 um so-called resolution
l00Ouo1OG5A-00549-00177972-00178252 um most probably my presentation will be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00550-00178253-00178601 shared with you therefore I edit links
l00Ouo1OG5A-00551-00178602-00178895 to this presentation which are clickable
l00Ouo1OG5A-00552-00178896-00179171 and then you can instantly
l00Ouo1OG5A-00553-00179172-00179357 um come to the websites where more
l00Ouo1OG5A-00554-00179358-00179633 information is provided
l00Ouo1OG5A-00555-00179634-00179885 um I'm also guessing that you are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00556-00179886-00180071 strongly related to University of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00557-00180072-00180425 maribor therefore I'm providing in my
l00Ouo1OG5A-00558-00180426-00180713 presentation uh link to the open access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00559-00180714-00181175 policy for research infrastructures
l00Ouo1OG5A-00560-00181176-00181738 um agreed by by University of maribor uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00561-00181739-00182159 we have very strong European unions open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00562-00182160-00182399 science policy
l00Ouo1OG5A-00563-00182400-00182723 which obviously uh also needs to be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00564-00182724-00182885 considered
l00Ouo1OG5A-00565-00182886-00183101 um assuming that you are part of some
l00Ouo1OG5A-00566-00183102-00183359 European project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00567-00183360-00183611 um I'm mentioning here on this slide
l00Ouo1OG5A-00568-00183612-00184013 also European open science Cloud
l00Ouo1OG5A-00569-00184014-00184325 um this is in an initiative and big
l00Ouo1OG5A-00570-00184326-00184733 project which is still in development
l00Ouo1OG5A-00571-00184734-00185045 um it's aimed for storing and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00572-00185046-00185173 integrating
l00Ouo1OG5A-00573-00185174-00185519 different kinds of data coming from
l00Ouo1OG5A-00574-00185520-00185611 different
l00Ouo1OG5A-00575-00185612-00185890 research Fields
l00Ouo1OG5A-00576-00185891-00186238 um my group is strongly involved in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00577-00186239-00186478 so-called food nutrition security Cloud
l00Ouo1OG5A-00578-00186479-00186588 project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00579-00186589-00186851 which is preparing all this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00580-00186852-00187114 infrastructure and technology for
l00Ouo1OG5A-00581-00187115-00187511 integrating data coming from the fields
l00Ouo1OG5A-00582-00187512-00187835 of food and nutrition but there are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00583-00187836-00188016 several other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00584-00188017-00188381 projects initiatives uh and I'm pretty
l00Ouo1OG5A-00585-00188382-00188711 sure that very soon these European open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00586-00188712-00189078 science Cloud will become a central
l00Ouo1OG5A-00587-00189079-00189545 point of for for not only storing but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00588-00189546-00190043 but also searching for data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00589-00190044-00190204 okay
l00Ouo1OG5A-00590-00190205-00190438 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00591-00190439-00190721 you mean that you work as a researcher
l00Ouo1OG5A-00592-00190722-00191104 uh you want to collect data uh you're
l00Ouo1OG5A-00593-00191105-00191501 obliged to prepare this data as open you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00594-00191502-00191845 should follow specific steps
l00Ouo1OG5A-00595-00191846-00192275 my suggestion is that you start thinking
l00Ouo1OG5A-00596-00192276-00192647 about that at the very beginning I've
l00Ouo1OG5A-00597-00192648-00193033 seen so many studies and projects
l00Ouo1OG5A-00598-00193034-00193475 where they realized that data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00599-00193476-00193709 were not collected in the correct way
l00Ouo1OG5A-00600-00193710-00193931 and if they would have another chance
l00Ouo1OG5A-00601-00193932-00194231 they would collect this data in a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00602-00194232-00194488 completely other way
l00Ouo1OG5A-00603-00194489-00194849 um so I'm pretty sure that it's worth
l00Ouo1OG5A-00604-00194850-00195101 spending you know sometime at the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00605-00195102-00195516 beginning not rush but spend some time
l00Ouo1OG5A-00606-00195517-00195851 discussing this question with other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00607-00195852-00196319 colleagues uh with your supervisor
l00Ouo1OG5A-00608-00196320-00196595 um check the data management plan which
l00Ouo1OG5A-00609-00196596-00196871 as I said is mandatory in any European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00610-00196872-00196993 project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00611-00196994-00197464 and once this is clear once you also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00612-00197465-00197819 know what are your institutions and the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00613-00197820-00198304 projects internal policies and rules
l00Ouo1OG5A-00614-00198305-00198563 um again as I mentioned before you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00615-00198564-00198761 should check also Grant agreement and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00616-00198762-00199001 Consortium agreement these are very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00617-00199002-00199271 important documents of each European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00618-00199272-00199438 project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00619-00199439-00199513 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00620-00199514-00199978 then you should start working it's also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00621-00199979-00200387 good if you have any chance to attend
l00Ouo1OG5A-00622-00200388-00200731 um any any workshop on that
l00Ouo1OG5A-00623-00200732-00201083 uh it's also especially if you are new
l00Ouo1OG5A-00624-00201084-00201425 to the to the research domain uh it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00625-00201426-00201821 worth taking such a course
l00Ouo1OG5A-00626-00201822-00202240 um but our governmental website of C uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00627-00202241-00202411 product
l00Ouo1OG5A-00628-00202412-00202666 key.go.si SC
l00Ouo1OG5A-00629-00202667-00203014 um they publish regularly information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00630-00203015-00203440 about these kind of courses uh so maybe
l00Ouo1OG5A-00631-00203441-00203795 uh it's let's say it's good advice to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00632-00203796-00204076 check this site from this side from from
l00Ouo1OG5A-00633-00204077-00204521 time to time and if possible attend any
l00Ouo1OG5A-00634-00204522-00204727 of such courses
l00Ouo1OG5A-00635-00204728-00205271 then regarding metadata data provenance
l00Ouo1OG5A-00636-00205271-00205355 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00637-00205356-00205612 follow standards there are many
l00Ouo1OG5A-00638-00205613-00205912 standards nowadays here I mentioned in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00639-00205913-00206248 doubling core metadata initiative
l00Ouo1OG5A-00640-00206250-00206512 um this is initiative which defines the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00641-00206513-00207016 Dollar on this digital object identifier
l00Ouo1OG5A-00642-00207017-00207316 um which we are familiar with when we
l00Ouo1OG5A-00643-00207317-00207581 talk about publications but when we talk
l00Ouo1OG5A-00644-00207582-00207857 about data sets not many of data science
l00Ouo1OG5A-00645-00207858-00208331 I mean not not many of researchers are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00646-00208332-00208696 over aware of these kind of Standards so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00647-00208698-00209014 check so that you will you know collect
l00Ouo1OG5A-00648-00209015-00209525 all the information that is required
l00Ouo1OG5A-00649-00209526-00210071 um hair sharing uh uh dot org uh this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00650-00210071-00210496 website it provides a list of Standards
l00Ouo1OG5A-00651-00210498-00210767 which are domain specific uh because
l00Ouo1OG5A-00652-00210767-00211144 maybe you work in some specific domain I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00653-00211146-00211342 don't know social science or any other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00654-00211344-00211558 science and there you can find
l00Ouo1OG5A-00655-00211559-00211858 information about standards that should
l00Ouo1OG5A-00656-00211859-00212129 be followed in your specific domain so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00657-00212130-00212423 it's worth checking also this website
l00Ouo1OG5A-00658-00212423-00212692 and as I said if you are part of the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00659-00212694-00213010 project discuss this issue with project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00660-00213011-00213353 partners because most probably I mean
l00Ouo1OG5A-00661-00213354-00213653 in many European projects okay you have
l00Ouo1OG5A-00662-00213654-00213910 seniors you have senior researchers but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00663-00213911-00214144 the actual research is done by students
l00Ouo1OG5A-00664-00214146-00214463 by PhD or postdoc students which are not
l00Ouo1OG5A-00665-00214464-00214792 experienced and if you join the forces
l00Ouo1OG5A-00666-00214794-00215206 and you discuss you know uh with other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00667-00215207-00215477 PhD or postdoc students working in the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00668-00215478-00215644 project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00669-00215646-00216089 um it's I mean it's worth uh first you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00670-00216090-00216394 establish a new network and second you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00671-00216396-00216706 can learn from each other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00672-00216707-00216994 and then you should not forget about
l00Ouo1OG5A-00673-00216996-00217403 intellectual property rights if you work
l00Ouo1OG5A-00674-00217404-00217606 with other partners on this data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00675-00217607-00217948 collection or data we usage
l00Ouo1OG5A-00676-00217950-00218344 once you publish the results or any
l00Ouo1OG5A-00677-00218346-00218603 parts of this work you shouldn't forget
l00Ouo1OG5A-00678-00218604-00219119 about the IPR that can come also from
l00Ouo1OG5A-00679-00219119-00219448 other partners because also if you are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00680-00219450-00219839 forgotten uh you won't feel very well so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00681-00219840-00220192 this is important to know
l00Ouo1OG5A-00682-00220194-00220577 um here I'm just giving an example of an
l00Ouo1OG5A-00683-00220578-00220979 ontology which is used in in my field uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00684-00220980-00221225 okay I'm computer scientist but I work
l00Ouo1OG5A-00685-00221226-00221548 uh strongly in strong relation with
l00Ouo1OG5A-00686-00221550-00221867 nutritionists and food scientists and in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00687-00221867-00222373 this field uh any study which is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00688-00222373-00222906 designed to produce data they follow
l00Ouo1OG5A-00689-00222907-00223175 standard which is called strobe not
l00Ouo1OG5A-00690-00223176-00223510 standard it's an ontology which defines
l00Ouo1OG5A-00691-00223511-00223858 how this study which parameters should
l00Ouo1OG5A-00692-00223859-00224129 we collect in such a way in such a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00693-00224130-00224494 format and I'm pretty sure that in your
l00Ouo1OG5A-00694-00224496-00224746 domains this kind of Standards also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00695-00224748-00225323 exist and it's worth using them
l00Ouo1OG5A-00696-00225323-00225725 um okay let's assume that research has
l00Ouo1OG5A-00697-00225726-00226001 been done you have collected data this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00698-00226002-00226277 data is of high quality
l00Ouo1OG5A-00699-00226278-00226775 um these data it's now ready to be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00700-00226776-00227248 stored to be shared with others
l00Ouo1OG5A-00701-00227250-00227353 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00702-00227354-00227746 the requirement of European commission
l00Ouo1OG5A-00703-00227748-00228131 is that these data are and any results
l00Ouo1OG5A-00704-00228132-00228473 coming from the work on data is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00705-00228473-00228682 published as open access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00706-00228683-00229151 uh and Open Access means that online
l00Ouo1OG5A-00707-00229152-00229487 access uh to any scientific reusable
l00Ouo1OG5A-00708-00229488-00229877 information needs to be provided free of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00709-00229878-00230206 charge to the end user uh and because
l00Ouo1OG5A-00710-00230207-00230434 scientific information is a very broad
l00Ouo1OG5A-00711-00230435-00230944 term here I'm listing all the forms of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00712-00230946-00231203 scientific information that you should
l00Ouo1OG5A-00713-00231204-00231571 consider as an information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00714-00231571-00231953 these are not only articles and papers
l00Ouo1OG5A-00715-00231954-00232429 and presentations at conferences
l00Ouo1OG5A-00716-00232430-00232769 this information also includes patterns
l00Ouo1OG5A-00717-00232769-00233056 it also includes all kind of press
l00Ouo1OG5A-00718-00233057-00233551 releases uh technical reports web pages
l00Ouo1OG5A-00719-00233552-00233896 uh and also software
l00Ouo1OG5A-00720-00233898-00234144 um maybe Educational
l00Ouo1OG5A-00721-00234146-00234425 Tools that you are developed that you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00722-00234426-00234731 have developed and so on
l00Ouo1OG5A-00723-00234732-00234994 I collect software source code
l00Ouo1OG5A-00724-00234996-00235265 algorithms data set and so on as blue
l00Ouo1OG5A-00725-00235266-00235591 because at this very moment
l00Ouo1OG5A-00726-00235592-00235944 it is recommended by European commission
l00Ouo1OG5A-00727-00235946-00236441 to upload to store to provide this type
l00Ouo1OG5A-00728-00236442-00236644 of scientific information as Open Access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00729-00236646-00236921 but it's not mandatory
l00Ouo1OG5A-00730-00236921-00237234 other types of scientific information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00731-00237235-00237563 are mandatory to be published as Open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00732-00237564-00237696 Access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00733-00237698-00238108 while data set software and so on are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00734-00238109-00238246 recommended
l00Ouo1OG5A-00735-00238248-00238546 to be provided as Open Access so it
l00Ouo1OG5A-00736-00238548-00238798 really depends you know on your research
l00Ouo1OG5A-00737-00238800-00239141 it depends on the type of data uh it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00738-00239142-00239489 very good that you share it but you are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00739-00239490-00240065 not obliged to do this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00740-00240066-00240448 uh what's also important to know
l00Ouo1OG5A-00741-00240450-00240905 um Open Access doesn't mean that you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00742-00240906-00241163 just publish and then it's free to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00743-00241164-00241456 others and you don't need to care about
l00Ouo1OG5A-00744-00241457-00241871 the reviewing process Open Access also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00745-00241871-00242134 means that this peer review academic
l00Ouo1OG5A-00746-00242135-00242525 process needs to be followed
l00Ouo1OG5A-00747-00242526-00242879 um and what's also important to know uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00748-00242880-00243227 before publishing any let's say
l00Ouo1OG5A-00749-00243228-00243442 sensitive scientific information as Open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00750-00243444-00243760 Access you can protect it you can paint
l00Ouo1OG5A-00751-00243761-00244048 you can first paint a patent and then
l00Ouo1OG5A-00752-00244050-00244379 you can publish it with Open Access so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00753-00244380-00244746 in this way uh you are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00754-00244748-00245153 you are free also to make these steps
l00Ouo1OG5A-00755-00245154-00245267 which are needed for the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00756-00245267-00245837 commercialization of your results
l00Ouo1OG5A-00757-00245838-00246208 um then yeah regarding the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00758-00246209-00246292 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00759-00246294-00246598 the possibilities of publishing because
l00Ouo1OG5A-00760-00246600-00246923 Open Access uh European projects you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00761-00246923-00247198 have three options the first option is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00762-00247200-00247381 that you use
l00Ouo1OG5A-00763-00247382-00247739 institutional repositories you provide
l00Ouo1OG5A-00764-00247740-00248063 so-called green open access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00765-00248064-00248548 uh it needs to be an online repository
l00Ouo1OG5A-00766-00248550-00249058 um uh but it's institutional while
l00Ouo1OG5A-00767-00249059-00249353 another option is so-called gold Open
l00Ouo1OG5A-00768-00249354-00249487 Access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00769-00249488-00250067 uh where you use a system like zenodo or
l00Ouo1OG5A-00770-00250067-00250613 any other open data repository
l00Ouo1OG5A-00771-00250614-00250860 um and uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00772-00250861-00251279 what's important to know is that you can
l00Ouo1OG5A-00773-00251280-00251477 claim the costs
l00Ouo1OG5A-00774-00251478-00251898 from European commission only and only
l00Ouo1OG5A-00775-00251900-00252329 if you provide full Open Access if this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00776-00252330-00252634 is not provided if you publish something
l00Ouo1OG5A-00777-00252635-00253063 in a so-called hybrid
l00Ouo1OG5A-00778-00253064-00253481 repository venue then you will not be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00779-00253482-00253891 able to be able to reimburse the costs
l00Ouo1OG5A-00780-00253892-00254327 the third option uh you know sometimes
l00Ouo1OG5A-00781-00254328-00254567 maybe you are in a hurry you really need
l00Ouo1OG5A-00782-00254567-00254896 to publish your results uh you have
l00Ouo1OG5A-00783-00254898-00255215 always a possibility of publishing uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00784-00255216-00255467 your scientific information in the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00785-00255467-00255791 journal uh open research Europe
l00Ouo1OG5A-00786-00255792-00256253 the problem with this journal is that it
l00Ouo1OG5A-00787-00256254-00256505 as far as I know I forgot to check this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00788-00256506-00256865 morning but last time when I was
l00Ouo1OG5A-00789-00256866-00257123 checking uh it doesn't have impact
l00Ouo1OG5A-00790-00257123-00257239 factor
l00Ouo1OG5A-00791-00257240-00257687 so you store results
l00Ouo1OG5A-00792-00257688-00257921 which you believe are important to be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00793-00257921-00258208 shared with others but are not so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00794-00258209-00258401 important you know for your research
l00Ouo1OG5A-00795-00258402-00258617 because usually you really want to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00796-00258617-00258827 publish all results
l00Ouo1OG5A-00797-00258828-00259060 um in in journals
l00Ouo1OG5A-00798-00259061-00259439 um but also impact factor is
l00Ouo1OG5A-00799-00259440-00259637 um yeah that's high
l00Ouo1OG5A-00800-00259638-00260041 as possible
l00Ouo1OG5A-00801-00260042-00260506 ah don't forget uh as I mentioned uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00802-00260507-00260687 before
l00Ouo1OG5A-00803-00260688-00260980 um because you are part of a team of a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00804-00260981-00261256 project Consortium first
l00Ouo1OG5A-00805-00261257-00261532 I mean if you have collected data in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00806-00261533-00261821 collaboration with others inform others
l00Ouo1OG5A-00807-00261821-00262156 discuss IPR intellectual property rights
l00Ouo1OG5A-00808-00262157-00262408 with others uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00809-00262409-00262756 usually you should give a prior notice
l00Ouo1OG5A-00810-00262757-00263039 to Scientific coordinator or data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00811-00263040-00263356 manager they need to allow you to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00812-00263357-00263645 publish this data and once you agree
l00Ouo1OG5A-00813-00263646-00263873 that this data or scientific information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00814-00263874-00264221 can be published you shouldn't forget to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00815-00264222-00264587 acknowledge EU funding if you forget to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00816-00264588-00264899 do this uh you won't be able to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00817-00264900-00265206 reinforce the costs
l00Ouo1OG5A-00818-00265207-00265619 so here I'm giving a text but you know
l00Ouo1OG5A-00819-00265620-00265871 this disclaimer
l00Ouo1OG5A-00820-00265872-00266134 um no yeah I'm just giving a disclaimer
l00Ouo1OG5A-00821-00266135-00266495 but regarding the acknowledgment you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00822-00266496-00266693 should check with the project manager
l00Ouo1OG5A-00823-00266694-00266987 because you also you you need to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00824-00266988-00267341 acknowledge European commission but at
l00Ouo1OG5A-00825-00267342-00267563 the same time you also need to specify
l00Ouo1OG5A-00826-00267564-00267971 the number of the grant agreement and if
l00Ouo1OG5A-00827-00267972-00268169 this is not provided you won't be able
l00Ouo1OG5A-00828-00268170-00268547 to reimburse the cost so don't to forget
l00Ouo1OG5A-00829-00268548-00268882 about this uh and yeah the last issue
l00Ouo1OG5A-00830-00268883-00269123 here uh you also need to provide a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00831-00269124-00269608 disclaimer that this is your opinion and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00832-00269609-00269843 not opinion I mean results published in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00833-00269844-00270058 this Open Access uh scientific
l00Ouo1OG5A-00834-00270059-00270329 information is your opinion and not the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00835-00270330-00270563 opinion of European commission so these
l00Ouo1OG5A-00836-00270564-00270629 are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00837-00270630-00270821 the rules which you shouldn't forget
l00Ouo1OG5A-00838-00270822-00270934 about
l00Ouo1OG5A-00839-00270935-00271295 here just for case I'm giving you a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00840-00271296-00271667 checklist uh because from my very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00841-00271668-00271865 experience
l00Ouo1OG5A-00842-00271866-00272249 um we spend so much time with research
l00Ouo1OG5A-00843-00272250-00272627 and then we publish
l00Ouo1OG5A-00844-00272628-00272934 this papers and scientific information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00845-00272935-00273317 are very late in the evening catching
l00Ouo1OG5A-00846-00273318-00273671 some deadlines uh and then yeah we
l00Ouo1OG5A-00847-00273672-00274001 simply forget about specific issues so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00848-00274002-00274421 here is at least uh which
l00Ouo1OG5A-00849-00274422-00274834 might be useful also also for you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00850-00274835-00275225 because in the majority of European uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00851-00275226-00275579 projects this kind of protocol is used
l00Ouo1OG5A-00852-00275580-00275927 that first you you drop the publication
l00Ouo1OG5A-00853-00275928-00276221 then you ask for
l00Ouo1OG5A-00854-00276222-00276545 um the permission to to publish
l00Ouo1OG5A-00855-00276546-00276760 everything you need to collect all kind
l00Ouo1OG5A-00856-00276761-00276995 of comments so and so on and so on so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00857-00276996-00277301 you can check this and you can use it if
l00Ouo1OG5A-00858-00277302-00277571 you find it useful
l00Ouo1OG5A-00859-00277572-00278075 Fair sharing uh check this repository uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00860-00278076-00278482 because here you can find a lot a lot of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00861-00278483-00278605 interesting
l00Ouo1OG5A-00862-00278606-00279149 information regarding fairness
l00Ouo1OG5A-00863-00279150-00279251 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00864-00279252-00279580 what's also important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00865-00279581-00279647 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00866-00279648-00279905 I mean these Fair principles are
l00Ouo1OG5A-00867-00279906-00280193 interesting are easy to be explained in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00868-00280194-00280660 a theoretical way but then once you try
l00Ouo1OG5A-00869-00280661-00280843 to follow them
l00Ouo1OG5A-00870-00280844-00281255 you do everything with the best aim but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00871-00281256-00281591 then you never know whether you have you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00872-00281592-00281884 know accomplished all the requirements
l00Ouo1OG5A-00873-00281885-00282437 or not so there exists various Fair data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00874-00282438-00282767 assessment tools either in a form of a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00875-00282768-00283205 questioner or some automatic tool
l00Ouo1OG5A-00876-00283206-00283480 um I suggest that
l00Ouo1OG5A-00877-00283481-00283573 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00878-00283574-00283871 you again discuss discuss in your
l00Ouo1OG5A-00879-00283872-00284069 project whether
l00Ouo1OG5A-00880-00284070-00284327 they suggest to use specific tools
l00Ouo1OG5A-00881-00284328-00284729 otherwise this site Fair sharing you can
l00Ouo1OG5A-00882-00284730-00284975 also find information about these tools
l00Ouo1OG5A-00883-00284976-00285208 and then you know you can check whether
l00Ouo1OG5A-00884-00285209-00285545 your data set really complies with these
l00Ouo1OG5A-00885-00285546-00285899 Fair principles
l00Ouo1OG5A-00886-00285900-00286025 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00887-00286026-00286217 yeah
l00Ouo1OG5A-00888-00286218-00286510 if you cannot find sufficient
l00Ouo1OG5A-00889-00286511-00286810 information or you are not part of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00890-00286811-00287123 European project and you just work just
l00Ouo1OG5A-00891-00287124-00287501 you work uh you know outside a project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00892-00287502-00287801 and you still want to follow these rules
l00Ouo1OG5A-00893-00287802-00288058 of open science
l00Ouo1OG5A-00894-00288059-00288527 um here is an example of my institution
l00Ouo1OG5A-00895-00288528-00288875 your stepan Institute where I come from
l00Ouo1OG5A-00896-00288876-00289291 um we need to inform our institution
l00Ouo1OG5A-00897-00289292-00289684 librarian about any new
l00Ouo1OG5A-00898-00289685-00290063 um Open Access publication we need to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00899-00290064-00290369 share with them let's say PDF document
l00Ouo1OG5A-00900-00290370-00290575 or any other
l00Ouo1OG5A-00901-00290576-00291029 documentation and then they care about
l00Ouo1OG5A-00902-00291030-00291377 publish publishing in Kobe's secret
l00Ouo1OG5A-00903-00291378-00291730 system uh and then they also provide all
l00Ouo1OG5A-00904-00291731-00291901 these metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00905-00291902-00292499 in the let's say so convenient open air
l00Ouo1OG5A-00906-00292500-00292680 which is European
l00Ouo1OG5A-00907-00292681-00293023 compatible repositories
l00Ouo1OG5A-00908-00293024-00293419 on the open air website
l00Ouo1OG5A-00909-00293420-00293951 you can find a list of a Slovenian
l00Ouo1OG5A-00910-00293952-00294415 National compatible data repositories
l00Ouo1OG5A-00911-00294416-00294658 so but
l00Ouo1OG5A-00912-00294659-00294995 Us in most places you are part of an
l00Ouo1OG5A-00913-00294996-00295397 institution it's an institution who
l00Ouo1OG5A-00914-00295398-00295655 takes responsibility of selecting a data
l00Ouo1OG5A-00915-00295656-00295984 repository so my advice is that if you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00916-00295985-00296260 don't have a supervisor who you could
l00Ouo1OG5A-00917-00296261-00296555 ask you don't you're not part of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00918-00296556-00296830 European project then go to the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00919-00296831-00297101 librarian in your institution and ask
l00Ouo1OG5A-00920-00297102-00297358 them they will they will they will help
l00Ouo1OG5A-00921-00297359-00297547 you
l00Ouo1OG5A-00922-00297548-00297984 uh obviously uh this uh website
l00Ouo1OG5A-00923-00297985-00298277 Slovenia they also provide information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00924-00298278-00298613 about open air compatible repositories
l00Ouo1OG5A-00925-00298614-00299075 because if you publish data uh in this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00926-00299076-00299345 kind of repository then the information
l00Ouo1OG5A-00927-00299346-00299855 is also available at the European level
l00Ouo1OG5A-00928-00299856-00300377 so it's worked using it down
l00Ouo1OG5A-00929-00300378-00300719 um here is just an example of a
l00Ouo1OG5A-00930-00300720-00300982 repository where you can find
l00Ouo1OG5A-00931-00300983-00301289 information about metadata which I
l00Ouo1OG5A-00932-00301290-00301493 mentioned at the beginning of of my
l00Ouo1OG5A-00933-00301494-00301847 lecture of my presentation
l00Ouo1OG5A-00934-00301848-00302260 um scopus is a repository of metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00935-00302261-00302699 where you can search using this metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00936-00302700-00302956 you can find in this case interesting
l00Ouo1OG5A-00937-00302957-00303208 papers and then you have links to the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00938-00303209-00303563 Publishers where you can also access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00939-00303564-00303984 um this um let's say original data so
l00Ouo1OG5A-00940-00303985-00304171 metadata
l00Ouo1OG5A-00941-00304172-00304543 is really really important data without
l00Ouo1OG5A-00942-00304544-00305027 metadata is more or less
l00Ouo1OG5A-00943-00305028-00305308 um unuseful
l00Ouo1OG5A-00944-00305309-00305406 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00945-00305407-00305682 if um yeah
l00Ouo1OG5A-00946-00305683-00306034 as we discussed European project we also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00947-00306035-00306304 shouldn't forget about the platform
l00Ouo1OG5A-00948-00306305-00306779 which is named Horizon results platform
l00Ouo1OG5A-00949-00306780-00307030 um just yesterday I had a kickoff
l00Ouo1OG5A-00950-00307031-00307415 meeting in some European uh project uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-00951-00307416-00307679 there was Project officer and she warned
l00Ouo1OG5A-00952-00307680-00308051 us about this platform uh now it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-00953-00308052-00308401 really mandatory that all the results
l00Ouo1OG5A-00954-00308402-00308884 produced in any European project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00955-00308885-00309371 um are exploited so the rule is that in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00956-00309372-00309521 the first year after the end of the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00957-00309522-00309856 project you try to find a way on how to
l00Ouo1OG5A-00958-00309857-00310360 exploit uh your results your data if
l00Ouo1OG5A-00959-00310361-00310697 this is not done in this year after the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00960-00310698-00311075 end of the project then you have another
l00Ouo1OG5A-00961-00311076-00311197 period
l00Ouo1OG5A-00962-00311198-00311675 uh where you need to provide data in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00963-00311676-00312043 this present results platform uh key
l00Ouo1OG5A-00964-00312044-00312430 results needs to be provided there and
l00Ouo1OG5A-00965-00312431-00312773 through this platform then all
l00Ouo1OG5A-00966-00312774-00313079 interested stakeholders can reach this
l00Ouo1OG5A-00967-00313080-00313427 information and this can discuss with
l00Ouo1OG5A-00968-00313428-00313991 you ways of exploitation so nowadays
l00Ouo1OG5A-00969-00313992-00314380 um All European projects need to care
l00Ouo1OG5A-00970-00314381-00314795 also about data exploitation
l00Ouo1OG5A-00971-00314796-00315130 um so how to prepare data it's important
l00Ouo1OG5A-00972-00315131-00315460 because sooner or later uh there will be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00973-00315461-00315803 possibilities of data exploitation in in
l00Ouo1OG5A-00974-00315804-00316145 one or another way
l00Ouo1OG5A-00975-00316146-00316456 um maybe some of you will be involved
l00Ouo1OG5A-00976-00316457-00316799 also in the Preparatory stage of
l00Ouo1OG5A-00977-00316800-00316991 European projects when a project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00978-00316992-00317377 proposal is actually uh written prepared
l00Ouo1OG5A-00979-00317378-00317758 uh here you shouldn't forget that these
l00Ouo1OG5A-00980-00317759-00318184 data management uh plan
l00Ouo1OG5A-00981-00318185-00318367 um needs to be
l00Ouo1OG5A-00982-00318368-00318839 drafted uh you need to mention all these
l00Ouo1OG5A-00983-00318840-00319104 open science and open data access
l00Ouo1OG5A-00984-00319105-00319529 policies that you're going
l00Ouo1OG5A-00985-00319530-00319601 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00986-00319602-00319782 follow
l00Ouo1OG5A-00987-00319783-00320165 and this part is then evaluated as part
l00Ouo1OG5A-00988-00320166-00320441 of the Excellence a part of the project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00989-00320442-00320579 proposal
l00Ouo1OG5A-00990-00320580-00320951 those who have been or will be involved
l00Ouo1OG5A-00991-00320952-00321263 in Project proposing you will know very
l00Ouo1OG5A-00992-00321264-00321658 well what is meant by Excellence part
l00Ouo1OG5A-00993-00321659-00321971 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-00994-00321972-00322330 yeah and be careful
l00Ouo1OG5A-00995-00322331-00322697 Civic work program is where they also
l00Ouo1OG5A-00996-00322698-00323069 require citizens to be involved in the
l00Ouo1OG5A-00997-00323070-00323167 project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00998-00323168-00323477 you know when we propose a new project
l00Ouo1OG5A-00999-00323478-00323903 we are so deep in technical issues in
l00Ouo1OG5A-01000-00323904-00324167 our core idea that we simply forget
l00Ouo1OG5A-01001-00324168-00324556 about all these other aspects and then
l00Ouo1OG5A-01002-00324557-00324977 we spent maybe just few days for
l00Ouo1OG5A-01003-00324978-00325247 refining these parts of the proposal
l00Ouo1OG5A-01004-00325248-00325627 which is really pity because
l00Ouo1OG5A-01005-00325628-00325984 a very large percentage of the award of
l00Ouo1OG5A-01006-00325985-00326203 the mark of the final score
l00Ouo1OG5A-01007-00326204-00326519 comes also from these parts
l00Ouo1OG5A-01008-00326520-00326825 so don't forget about data management
l00Ouo1OG5A-01009-00326826-00327215 plan Fair principles Open Access
l00Ouo1OG5A-01010-00327216-00327379 policies
l00Ouo1OG5A-01011-00327380-00327917 citizens Citizen involvements and so on
l00Ouo1OG5A-01012-00327918-00327989 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-01013-00327990-00328265 yeah I have two minutes more
l00Ouo1OG5A-01014-00328266-00328553 um I will be quick to finish my
l00Ouo1OG5A-01015-00328554-00328663 presentation
l00Ouo1OG5A-01016-00328664-00329008 most probably most of you are aware of
l00Ouo1OG5A-01017-00329009-00329321 the ways on how to
l00Ouo1OG5A-01018-00329322-00329693 give contribution to open data for those
l00Ouo1OG5A-01019-00329694-00329969 who are not familiar with the rule here
l00Ouo1OG5A-01020-00329970-00330323 I'm giving an example let's say that
l00Ouo1OG5A-01021-00330324-00330737 data that can be shared is this photo uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-01022-00330738-00331145 here you need to clearly specify
l00Ouo1OG5A-01023-00331146-00331571 um who is the owner of this data and how
l00Ouo1OG5A-01024-00331572-00331975 this data is licensed and this license
l00Ouo1OG5A-01025-00331976-00332225 needs to be
l00Ouo1OG5A-01026-00332226-00332429 um how to say you need to provide a link
l00Ouo1OG5A-01027-00332430-00332747 to the site where more detailed
l00Ouo1OG5A-01028-00332748-00333004 information is provided
l00Ouo1OG5A-01029-00333005-00333347 um so once you share data you specify
l00Ouo1OG5A-01030-00333348-00333779 the license the copyright rules which
l00Ouo1OG5A-01031-00333780-00334169 you require and then the persons who
l00Ouo1OG5A-01032-00334170-00334608 reuse your data need to follow
l00Ouo1OG5A-01033-00334609-00334913 these this license so don't forget about
l00Ouo1OG5A-01034-00334914-00335117 that
l00Ouo1OG5A-01035-00335118-00335375 um yeah final minute
l00Ouo1OG5A-01036-00335376-00335441 um
l00Ouo1OG5A-01037-00335442-00335758 as I said nowadays open science is
l00Ouo1OG5A-01038-00335759-00336095 mandatory uh but regarding our
l00Ouo1OG5A-01039-00336096-00336508 perception I will give you just a few
l00Ouo1OG5A-01040-00336509-00336827 um results this has been uh published
l00Ouo1OG5A-01041-00336828-00337223 recently I think in the Nature's uh um
l00Ouo1OG5A-01042-00337224-00337553 article here you can see that the
l00Ouo1OG5A-01043-00337554-00338027 attitude of researchers is positive when
l00Ouo1OG5A-01044-00338028-00338263 we
l00Ouo1OG5A-01045-00338264-00338645 when we offer data as part of some
l00Ouo1OG5A-01046-00338646-00339221 appendix of an article uh when we are
l00Ouo1OG5A-01047-00339222-00339553 willing to share data with close
l00Ouo1OG5A-01048-00339554-00339919 colleagues uh but
l00Ouo1OG5A-01049-00339920-00340408 when we need to share data which
l00Ouo1OG5A-01050-00340409-00340745 broader Community
l00Ouo1OG5A-01051-00340746-00341195 um the attitude of researchers is not as
l00Ouo1OG5A-01052-00341196-00341429 high as
l00Ouo1OG5A-01053-00341430-00341782 um yeah as it would be expected but you
l00Ouo1OG5A-01054-00341783-00342082 can you can check these statistics later
l00Ouo1OG5A-01055-00342083-00342365 for yourself
l00Ouo1OG5A-01056-00342366-00342803 um what's the main issue uh is that
l00Ouo1OG5A-01057-00342804-00343403 scientists are worried about the quality
l00Ouo1OG5A-01058-00343404-00343553 um they
l00Ouo1OG5A-01059-00343554-00343943 um they they require more training on
l00Ouo1OG5A-01060-00343944-00344327 these topics so the problem is not that
l00Ouo1OG5A-01061-00344328-00344549 we are not willing to share data the
l00Ouo1OG5A-01062-00344550-00344825 problem is that we are afraid you know
l00Ouo1OG5A-01063-00344826-00345179 of making any mistakes
l00Ouo1OG5A-01064-00345180-00345595 um and yeah therefore also these days
l00Ouo1OG5A-01065-00345596-00346079 are organized by University of Malibu
l00Ouo1OG5A-01066-00346080-00346456 okay uh this is my last slide here I'm
l00Ouo1OG5A-01067-00346457-00346804 providing my contact as I mentioned at
l00Ouo1OG5A-01068-00346805-00347065 the beginning of my presentation
l00Ouo1OG5A-01069-00347066-00347375 uh anyone who is interested in more
l00Ouo1OG5A-01070-00347376-00347549 details
l00Ouo1OG5A-01071-00347550-00347908 um you are welcome to contact me uh I
l00Ouo1OG5A-01072-00347909-00348041 will help
l00Ouo1OG5A-01073-00348042-00348491 um yeah as much as possible
l00Ouo1OG5A-01074-00348492-00348904 and with this I'm finishing
l00Ouo1OG5A-01075-00348905-00349204 if you have any questions now
l00Ouo1OG5A-01076-00349205-00349625 I don't know what's the time schedule
l00Ouo1OG5A-01077-00349626-00349834 I think that we have died from two
l00Ouo1OG5A-01078-00349835-00350495 questions maybe three if they're short
l00Ouo1OG5A-01079-00350496-00350680 two questions
l00Ouo1OG5A-01080-00350681-00350951 well I then I go with one
l00Ouo1OG5A-01081-00350952-00351263 um you were speaking at one point about
l00Ouo1OG5A-01082-00351264-00351575 the open methodology
l00Ouo1OG5A-01083-00351576-00351923 um to do maybe like just say a little
l00Ouo1OG5A-01084-00351924-00352175 bit more about that like what's meant by
l00Ouo1OG5A-01085-00352176-00352606 open methodology
l00Ouo1OG5A-01086-00352607-00352787 um okay it really depends on the
l00Ouo1OG5A-01087-00352788-00352997 discipline you know
l00Ouo1OG5A-01088-00352998-00353308 um in computer science
l00Ouo1OG5A-01089-00353309-00353689 um we have used this open
l00Ouo1OG5A-01090-00353690-00353987 methodologies for ages
l00Ouo1OG5A-01091-00353988-00354154 um source code
l00Ouo1OG5A-01092-00354155-00354713 um is shared among programmers now for
l00Ouo1OG5A-01093-00354714-00354934 decades
l00Ouo1OG5A-01094-00354935-00355271 um and it's your very useful concept I
l00Ouo1OG5A-01095-00355272-00355403 mean
l00Ouo1OG5A-01096-00355404-00355847 um we upload this open source code to
l00Ouo1OG5A-01097-00355848-00355945 specific
l00Ouo1OG5A-01098-00355946-00356327 repositories and then any new programmer
l00Ouo1OG5A-01099-00356328-00356747 can reuse it refine it and then share it
l00Ouo1OG5A-01100-00356748-00357256 uh back with with others so this concept
l00Ouo1OG5A-01101-00357257-00357443 of
l00Ouo1OG5A-01102-00357444-00357856 open working open science
l00Ouo1OG5A-01103-00357857-00358019 I think
l00Ouo1OG5A-01104-00358020-00358295 it's productive
l00Ouo1OG5A-01105-00358296-00358577 um you still you still you know meet
l00Ouo1OG5A-01106-00358578-00358871 some person who says okay but I don't
l00Ouo1OG5A-01107-00358872-00359117 want to share my code I don't want
l00Ouo1OG5A-01108-00359118-00359645 others to see how uh am I working but uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-01109-00359646-00359995 if you imagine that at this very moment
l00Ouo1OG5A-01110-00359996-00360334 thousands of programmers can work on
l00Ouo1OG5A-01111-00360335-00360628 your code and refine it
l00Ouo1OG5A-01112-00360629-00361054 and deposit it somewhere so that others
l00Ouo1OG5A-01113-00361055-00361378 can use it I mean this concept is
l00Ouo1OG5A-01114-00361379-00361697 amazing so
l00Ouo1OG5A-01115-00361698-00362039 I'm not sure if I answered your question
l00Ouo1OG5A-01116-00362040-00362254 um for me it's difficult to imagine how
l00Ouo1OG5A-01117-00362255-00362639 to use this concept in other fields uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-01118-00362640-00362951 but in computer science yeah to me it's
l00Ouo1OG5A-01119-00362952-00363301 so normal that I even cannot imagine
l00Ouo1OG5A-01120-00363302-00363767 working without that you know nowadays
l00Ouo1OG5A-01121-00363768-00364097 the majority of code is designed in such
l00Ouo1OG5A-01122-00364098-00364282 a way that you take some existing
l00Ouo1OG5A-01123-00364283-00364571 Library you you refine it you add your
l00Ouo1OG5A-01124-00364572-00364925 part and you focus on the part when
l00Ouo1OG5A-01125-00364926-00365356 where you are really good you don't do
l00Ouo1OG5A-01126-00365357-00365669 your work from the scratch
l00Ouo1OG5A-01127-00365670-00366047 um most probably also in other fields uh
l00Ouo1OG5A-01128-00366048-00366460 this concept can be used but maybe in
l00Ouo1OG5A-01129-00366461-00366797 your room there is any other researcher
l00Ouo1OG5A-01130-00366798-00367354 who can share his or her experience
l00Ouo1OG5A-01131-00367355-00368308 foreign
l00Ouo1OG5A-01132-00368309-00368941 okay thank you very much
l00Ouo1OG5A-01133-00368942-00369389 okay I will switch off uh I wish you a
l00Ouo1OG5A-01134-00369390-00369658 nice and productive afternoon and I will
l00Ouo1OG5A-01135-00369659-00369821 share my presentation with the
l00Ouo1OG5A-01136-00369822-00370067 organizers so anyone interested in
l00Ouo1OG5A-01137-00370068-00370475 details can check later otherwise I wish
l00Ouo1OG5A-01138-00370476-00370732 you luck with your research and with
l00Ouo1OG5A-01139-00370733-00370973 your European projects
l00Ouo1OG5A-01140-00370974-00371390 thank you thank you yeah bye-bye
l1rljFzw1dI-00000-00000851-00001103 it's my pleasure to introduce Dr Ellen
l1rljFzw1dI-00001-00001104-00001319 macphail from the Mayo Clinic who's
l1rljFzw1dI-00002-00001320-00001607 going to talk to us about pathology and
l1rljFzw1dI-00003-00001607-00001823 biopsy for those who have heard the term
l1rljFzw1dI-00004-00001823-00002152 Mass spectrometry here the Mayo Clinic
l1rljFzw1dI-00005-00002153-00002351 Remains the National Treasure and
l1rljFzw1dI-00006-00002352-00002542 resource for all of us because every
l1rljFzw1dI-00007-00002543-00002681 time we want to know exactly what the
l1rljFzw1dI-00008-00002682-00002968 precursor protein is we send tissue to
l1rljFzw1dI-00009-00002969-00003160 them and Dr mcphail is always very
l1rljFzw1dI-00010-00003161-00003359 helpful in sorting that out so we're all
l1rljFzw1dI-00011-00003360-00003683 very grateful
l1rljFzw1dI-00012-00003684-00003875 thank you Matt for that really nice
l1rljFzw1dI-00013-00003876-00004199 introduction can you all hear me okay
l1rljFzw1dI-00014-00004200-00004438 yep okay well I'm very very pleased to
l1rljFzw1dI-00015-00004439-00004643 be here at this really wonderful and
l1rljFzw1dI-00016-00004644-00005002 comprehensive uh meeting and so I come
l1rljFzw1dI-00017-00005003-00005170 from Rochester Minnesota I am a
l1rljFzw1dI-00018-00005171-00005369 hematopathologist so
l1rljFzw1dI-00019-00005370-00005567 not a cardiologist I'm even a cardiac
l1rljFzw1dI-00020-00005568-00005693 pathologist
l1rljFzw1dI-00021-00005694-00005956 but since about nine years I've been
l1rljFzw1dI-00022-00005957-00006125 part of the mass spec lab and I've been
l1rljFzw1dI-00023-00006126-00006247 the uh
l1rljFzw1dI-00024-00006248-00006617 maspec medical lab director since 2017
l1rljFzw1dI-00025-00006618-00006875 and so since that time I've seen a lot
l1rljFzw1dI-00026-00006876-00007048 of cases and I've actually learned quite
l1rljFzw1dI-00027-00007050-00007301 a bit about the whole amyloid world so I
l1rljFzw1dI-00028-00007302-00007505 hope this is helpful and we'll go let's
l1rljFzw1dI-00029-00007506-00007691 get started here
l1rljFzw1dI-00030-00007692-00008117 so no disclosures
l1rljFzw1dI-00031-00008118-00008249 um so
l1rljFzw1dI-00032-00008250-00008477 just as a background amyloidosis
l1rljFzw1dI-00033-00008478-00008737 involves basically any organ in the body
l1rljFzw1dI-00034-00008738-00009041 and there are now 42 different types
l1rljFzw1dI-00035-00009042-00009173 that have been described if you look at
l1rljFzw1dI-00036-00009174-00009442 the most recent uh description now we
l1rljFzw1dI-00037-00009443-00009695 used to be at 36 but we're up to 42 and
l1rljFzw1dI-00038-00009696-00009946 they involve basically every organ you
l1rljFzw1dI-00039-00009947-00010073 can imagine
l1rljFzw1dI-00040-00010074-00010271 but fortunately heart is relatively
l1rljFzw1dI-00041-00010272-00010451 simple because although we have
l1rljFzw1dI-00042-00010452-00010613 described
l1rljFzw1dI-00043-00010614-00010781 this is a
l1rljFzw1dI-00044-00010782-00011045 we wrote a paper about uh two years ago
l1rljFzw1dI-00045-00011046-00011273 we went and looked at our whole Mass
l1rljFzw1dI-00046-00011274-00011524 Spec experience at that point which was
l1rljFzw1dI-00047-00011525-00011728 about 16 000 cases and then we looked at
l1rljFzw1dI-00048-00011729-00011969 each type separately so this description
l1rljFzw1dI-00049-00011970-00012245 here that you can see is the heart and
l1rljFzw1dI-00050-00012246-00012395 you can see that although we had nine
l1rljFzw1dI-00051-00012396-00012551 different types at that point in fact
l1rljFzw1dI-00052-00012552-00012715 we're up to 10 now
l1rljFzw1dI-00053-00012716-00013049 98 of them were either TTR or Al so in
l1rljFzw1dI-00054-00013050-00013199 some ways heart is really really easy
l1rljFzw1dI-00055-00013200-00013438 because basically that's the question
l1rljFzw1dI-00056-00013440-00013721 there are other types
l1rljFzw1dI-00057-00013722-00013799 um
l1rljFzw1dI-00058-00013800-00013991 the next most common type is a and F
l1rljFzw1dI-00059-00013991-00014201 which is a localized disease and that
l1rljFzw1dI-00060-00014202-00014344 only involves Atrium so you really don't
l1rljFzw1dI-00061-00014345-00014519 have to worry about that either so
l1rljFzw1dI-00062-00014519-00014957 basically 99 of cases will be TTR or Al
l1rljFzw1dI-00063-00014958-00015305 and it's also important to remember that
l1rljFzw1dI-00064-00015306-00015466 aside from a and F these are all
l1rljFzw1dI-00065-00015468-00015713 systemic diseases so they though the
l1rljFzw1dI-00066-00015713-00015922 patient may not have symptoms in certain
l1rljFzw1dI-00067-00015923-00016144 organs those organs may be involved so
l1rljFzw1dI-00068-00016145-00016408 for instance TTR patients may have
l1rljFzw1dI-00069-00016409-00016571 prostate involvement may have
l1rljFzw1dI-00070-00016572-00016829 gallbladder involvement may have
l1rljFzw1dI-00071-00016830-00017008 you know involvement of basically any
l1rljFzw1dI-00072-00017009-00017135 other organ it just may not be
l1rljFzw1dI-00073-00017136-00017350 symptomatic but that's a place where you
l1rljFzw1dI-00074-00017351-00017555 could possibly go and look to make the
l1rljFzw1dI-00075-00017556-00017705 diagnosis
l1rljFzw1dI-00076-00017706-00017836 and then I think it's already been
l1rljFzw1dI-00077-00017837-00018041 mentioned cardiac involvement is the
l1rljFzw1dI-00078-00018042-00018258 single most important prognostic marker
l1rljFzw1dI-00079-00018259-00018515 across all amyloid types so although
l1rljFzw1dI-00080-00018516-00018683 other organs may be involved and may
l1rljFzw1dI-00081-00018684-00018893 have some symptoms the heart is really
l1rljFzw1dI-00082-00018894-00019121 where the money is for prognosis and
l1rljFzw1dI-00083-00019122-00019469 outcome
l1rljFzw1dI-00084-00019470-00019649 okay so a couple points I'm going to
l1rljFzw1dI-00085-00019650-00019817 make today this may not be may be
l1rljFzw1dI-00086-00019818-00019961 controversial we'll see if this brings
l1rljFzw1dI-00087-00019962-00020105 up questions but
l1rljFzw1dI-00088-00020106-00020399 from my analysis most patients should
l1rljFzw1dI-00089-00020400-00020644 not need a heart biopsy so we'll start
l1rljFzw1dI-00090-00020645-00020764 out
l1rljFzw1dI-00091-00020765-00021047 with using the numbers from the paper
l1rljFzw1dI-00092-00021048-00021280 that we wrote in 2020. now I think TTR
l1rljFzw1dI-00093-00021281-00021436 patients are actually a lot more common
l1rljFzw1dI-00094-00021437-00021744 than this but because they come to a
l1rljFzw1dI-00095-00021745-00022019 diagnosis later because they're older
l1rljFzw1dI-00096-00022020-00022264 because the disease is more Progressive
l1rljFzw1dI-00097-00022265-00022619 and indolent uh they are to end there
l1rljFzw1dI-00098-00022620-00022817 tends to be subclinical disease they
l1rljFzw1dI-00099-00022818-00022985 don't come to attention are probably
l1rljFzw1dI-00100-00022986-00023189 under diagnosed more than Al is under
l1rljFzw1dI-00101-00023190-00023363 diagnosed but we'll use these numbers
l1rljFzw1dI-00102-00023364-00023567 just for argument's sake so about
l1rljFzw1dI-00103-00023568-00024089 two-thirds or TTR one-third or a l
l1rljFzw1dI-00104-00024090-00024317 for the TTR patients about through
l1rljFzw1dI-00105-00024318-00024544 courtism will not have an m-protein
l1rljFzw1dI-00106-00024545-00024736 again the numbers vary in different
l1rljFzw1dI-00107-00024737-00024893 studies it could be higher it could be
l1rljFzw1dI-00108-00024894-00025163 lower but we'll use 75 percent as an
l1rljFzw1dI-00109-00025164-00025385 estimate and for those patients as we
l1rljFzw1dI-00110-00025386-00025655 already heard the centigraphy scanning
l1rljFzw1dI-00111-00025656-00025955 should be diagnostic of TTR and there
l1rljFzw1dI-00112-00025956-00026152 should be no need for any tissue biopsy
l1rljFzw1dI-00113-00026154-00026440 whatsoever
l1rljFzw1dI-00114-00026441-00026681 about a quarter of the TTR patients will
l1rljFzw1dI-00115-00026682-00026896 have an M protein and for them as we've
l1rljFzw1dI-00116-00026897-00027233 heard centigraphy is not indicated
l1rljFzw1dI-00117-00027233-00027418 for the Al's pretty much all of them
l1rljFzw1dI-00118-00027419-00027595 should have an M protein and again
l1rljFzw1dI-00119-00027595-00027851 centigraphy is not indicated
l1rljFzw1dI-00120-00027852-00028007 so we'll go on
l1rljFzw1dI-00121-00028008-00028331 so for those patients who have TTR
l1rljFzw1dI-00122-00028332-00028517 and have an M protein
l1rljFzw1dI-00123-00028518-00028858 those patients will have a TTR present
l1rljFzw1dI-00124-00028860-00029074 in a surrogate site such as fat pet and
l1rljFzw1dI-00125-00029075-00029489 bone marrow about a quarter of the time
l1rljFzw1dI-00126-00029489-00029758 and similarly for Al for those patients
l1rljFzw1dI-00127-00029760-00030052 again who have an M protein so you can't
l1rljFzw1dI-00128-00030054-00030358 do pyp skin about 75 of those will have
l1rljFzw1dI-00129-00030360-00030701 an impro sorry amyloid present in either
l1rljFzw1dI-00130-00030702-00030862 the fat pet or the bone marrow and again
l1rljFzw1dI-00131-00030863-00031145 these surrogate sites are overall quite
l1rljFzw1dI-00132-00031145-00031379 reliable not 100 but overall quite
l1rljFzw1dI-00133-00031380-00031523 reliable
l1rljFzw1dI-00134-00031524-00031774 so that only leaves
l1rljFzw1dI-00135-00031775-00032207 the 75 of the TTR patients who have an M
l1rljFzw1dI-00136-00032208-00032681 Protein Plus the 25 of Al patients who
l1rljFzw1dI-00137-00032682-00033011 absolutely need a heart biopsy
l1rljFzw1dI-00138-00033012-00033305 so if you do the math this winds up
l1rljFzw1dI-00139-00033306-00033509 being about 20 of all cardiac amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00140-00033510-00033659 patients now the numbers are all
l1rljFzw1dI-00141-00033660-00033923 estimates so maybe it's 30 maybe it's 15
l1rljFzw1dI-00142-00033924-00034115 percent but it's certainly under 50
l1rljFzw1dI-00143-00034116-00034343 percent so that leaves most patients
l1rljFzw1dI-00144-00034344-00034529 again should be diagnosed without the
l1rljFzw1dI-00145-00034530-00034949 need for going to the heart
l1rljFzw1dI-00146-00034950-00035285 so as I mentioned patients
l1rljFzw1dI-00147-00035286-00035368 um
l1rljFzw1dI-00148-00035369-00035543 surrogate sites are often often
l1rljFzw1dI-00149-00035544-00035807 acceptable as a surrogate for the going
l1rljFzw1dI-00150-00035808-00036190 to the organ of Interest so again in Al
l1rljFzw1dI-00151-00036191-00036562 patients about 75 of fat assets and 70
l1rljFzw1dI-00152-00036563-00036857 of bone marrows will be positive for Al
l1rljFzw1dI-00153-00036858-00037229 amyloid similarly for TTR about 15 of
l1rljFzw1dI-00154-00037230-00037373 their fat aspirates and three percent of
l1rljFzw1dI-00155-00037374-00037546 their bone marrows will be positive for
l1rljFzw1dI-00156-00037547-00037762 TTR amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00157-00037763-00037829 um
l1rljFzw1dI-00158-00037830-00038009 and then if those sites don't work there
l1rljFzw1dI-00159-00038010-00038171 are other sites that have been used with
l1rljFzw1dI-00160-00038172-00038440 variable success so lip biopsy is
l1rljFzw1dI-00161-00038441-00038711 actually a pretty good site for Al one
l1rljFzw1dI-00162-00038712-00038855 paper I was looking at showed that about
l1rljFzw1dI-00163-00038856-00039161 50 of patients who had a negative fat
l1rljFzw1dI-00164-00039162-00039352 fifty percent of Al patients who had a
l1rljFzw1dI-00165-00039353-00039490 negative fat and bone marrow did have
l1rljFzw1dI-00166-00039491-00039712 lip biopsy positive for Al
l1rljFzw1dI-00167-00039713-00039989 again tendencino is good for TTR
l1rljFzw1dI-00168-00039990-00040187 patients however I would not be
l1rljFzw1dI-00169-00040188-00040474 convinced that a patient who had TCR in
l1rljFzw1dI-00170-00040475-00040630 their say carpal tunnel couldn't
l1rljFzw1dI-00171-00040631-00040859 possibly have a on their hearts so I
l1rljFzw1dI-00172-00040860-00041062 wouldn't use that as a great site for a
l1rljFzw1dI-00173-00041063-00041255 surrogate I think it's an indicator but
l1rljFzw1dI-00174-00041256-00041435 it doesn't prove it
l1rljFzw1dI-00175-00041436-00041621 and then people do use all sorts of
l1rljFzw1dI-00176-00041622-00041777 other pre-existing sites such as
l1rljFzw1dI-00177-00041778-00041987 prostate bladder gallbladder range I
l1rljFzw1dI-00178-00041988-00042173 attract
l1rljFzw1dI-00179-00042174-00042352 um whether we should use that that we
l1rljFzw1dI-00180-00042353-00042521 shouldn't it's hard to say but people
l1rljFzw1dI-00181-00042522-00042695 often will go back to pre-existing
l1rljFzw1dI-00182-00042696-00042893 specimens and see if they can make the
l1rljFzw1dI-00183-00042894-00043140 diagnosis without having to you know
l1rljFzw1dI-00184-00043141-00043649 subject the patient to a heart biopsy
l1rljFzw1dI-00185-00043650-00043840 so the next point is about pathology so
l1rljFzw1dI-00186-00043841-00044021 if you do need a biopsy which is going
l1rljFzw1dI-00187-00044022-00044237 to be which is going to be
l1rljFzw1dI-00188-00044238-00044380 you know at least half the time you'll
l1rljFzw1dI-00189-00044381-00044608 need a biopsy of some sort make sure
l1rljFzw1dI-00190-00044609-00044758 it's reviewed by an experienced
l1rljFzw1dI-00191-00044759-00044902 pathologist who can confirm the
l1rljFzw1dI-00192-00044903-00045017 diagnosis
l1rljFzw1dI-00193-00045018-00045227 so you think this would be easy but in
l1rljFzw1dI-00194-00045228-00045574 fact it's not so again the same problem
l1rljFzw1dI-00195-00045575-00045833 that plagues clinicians plagues
l1rljFzw1dI-00196-00045834-00046055 pathologist is that you have to think of
l1rljFzw1dI-00197-00046056-00046324 it in the first place uh it's not so
l1rljFzw1dI-00198-00046325-00046493 hard to think of it if someone tells you
l1rljFzw1dI-00199-00046494-00046673 that's the question so for instance if
l1rljFzw1dI-00200-00046674-00046907 someone tells you this is a heart biopsy
l1rljFzw1dI-00201-00046908-00047093 do they have amyloid that's not so hard
l1rljFzw1dI-00202-00047094-00047296 what's hard is when you have a patient
l1rljFzw1dI-00203-00047297-00047657 who has diarrhea as to GI biopsy because
l1rljFzw1dI-00204-00047658-00047921 the differential for diarrhea as you all
l1rljFzw1dI-00205-00047922-00048112 know is quite Broad and although
l1rljFzw1dI-00206-00048113-00048268 amyloids can certainly present with
l1rljFzw1dI-00207-00048269-00048568 diarrhea so can a lot of other things
l1rljFzw1dI-00208-00048569-00048899 so again you got to think of it and so
l1rljFzw1dI-00209-00048900-00049108 you need a specialist to
l1rljFzw1dI-00210-00049109-00049457 uh is has encountered this and knows how
l1rljFzw1dI-00211-00049458-00049690 to deal with it
l1rljFzw1dI-00212-00049691-00049865 the next challenge is the Congo red
l1rljFzw1dI-00213-00049866-00050068 stain we all talk about that like it's
l1rljFzw1dI-00214-00050069-00050261 just we do it and that's the end of it
l1rljFzw1dI-00215-00050262-00050495 and in fact it is the gold standard it's
l1rljFzw1dI-00216-00050496-00050657 a cheap stain it's been around forever
l1rljFzw1dI-00217-00050658-00050951 it's easy it's in some ways easy to do
l1rljFzw1dI-00218-00050952-00051155 but it's technically challenging so
l1rljFzw1dI-00219-00051156-00051394 everything has to be perfect the pH has
l1rljFzw1dI-00220-00051395-00051557 to be perfect everything has to be made
l1rljFzw1dI-00221-00051558-00051976 up quick uh freshly the thickness of the
l1rljFzw1dI-00222-00051977-00052192 tissue has to be correct everything has
l1rljFzw1dI-00223-00052194-00052373 to be correct for this test to work
l1rljFzw1dI-00224-00052374-00052576 otherwise you want it with false
l1rljFzw1dI-00225-00052577-00052775 positive and false negatives
l1rljFzw1dI-00226-00052776-00053015 and another problem that you came up
l1rljFzw1dI-00227-00053016-00053279 aware of recently is that we used to
l1rljFzw1dI-00228-00053279-00053525 think it was 100 specific for amyloid in
l1rljFzw1dI-00229-00053526-00053776 fact it's not so the rare diagnoses like
l1rljFzw1dI-00230-00053777-00053987 fibulatory glomerulonephritis that are
l1rljFzw1dI-00231-00053988-00054275 Conga red positive it's a fibrillary
l1rljFzw1dI-00232-00054276-00054592 disease but it's not amyloid so again
l1rljFzw1dI-00233-00054594-00054899 you need to make sure someone who is an
l1rljFzw1dI-00234-00054900-00055307 expert is looking at this
l1rljFzw1dI-00235-00055308-00055565 and then the next challenge okay now you
l1rljFzw1dI-00236-00055566-00055835 know it's amyloid what type of amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00237-00055836-00056015 is it and of course as this audience
l1rljFzw1dI-00238-00056016-00056275 knows the treatment for Al and TTR is so
l1rljFzw1dI-00239-00056276-00056465 dramatically different that you really
l1rljFzw1dI-00240-00056466-00056675 want to get the answer right
l1rljFzw1dI-00241-00056676-00056854 so
l1rljFzw1dI-00242-00056855-00057197 most pre-mass spec most type most
l1rljFzw1dI-00243-00057198-00057442 methods were antigen and antibody based
l1rljFzw1dI-00244-00057444-00057587 methods
l1rljFzw1dI-00245-00057588-00057865 so this included immunistochemistry
l1rljFzw1dI-00246-00057866-00058169 immunofluorescence and what's called
l1rljFzw1dI-00247-00058170-00058342 immunogoll which is an em based
l1rljFzw1dI-00248-00058344-00058499 technique and these are all great
l1rljFzw1dI-00249-00058500-00058691 techniques for a lot of things but
l1rljFzw1dI-00250-00058691-00058865 amyloid is not one of them there are
l1rljFzw1dI-00251-00058866-00059044 problems with amyloid now it's true I
l1rljFzw1dI-00252-00059045-00059219 mean this is our the weeds are our
l1rljFzw1dI-00253-00059220-00059423 workhorses IHC immunistic chemistry
l1rljFzw1dI-00254-00059424-00059657 that's all we do basically that's the
l1rljFzw1dI-00255-00059658-00059842 Workhorse for backbone of our practice
l1rljFzw1dI-00256-00059844-00060221 in pathology but not so much for amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00257-00060222-00060442 so there's some problems the first
l1rljFzw1dI-00258-00060444-00060653 problem is there's a bias toward
l1rljFzw1dI-00259-00060654-00060857 expected types so as I mentioned there
l1rljFzw1dI-00260-00060858-00061066 are 40 different known types but nobody
l1rljFzw1dI-00261-00061067-00061180 out there is doing 40 different
l1rljFzw1dI-00262-00061182-00061349 antibodies when they come along an
l1rljFzw1dI-00263-00061350-00061588 amyloid case so unless your case is one
l1rljFzw1dI-00264-00061589-00061799 of the three common types this is going
l1rljFzw1dI-00265-00061800-00061997 to be a problem so you either will miss
l1rljFzw1dI-00266-00061998-00062191 the type it is or even worse
l1rljFzw1dI-00267-00062191-00062471 misdiagnosis as a type one of the common
l1rljFzw1dI-00268-00062472-00062591 types
l1rljFzw1dI-00269-00062591-00062771 and then the other problem is the
l1rljFzw1dI-00270-00062772-00063004 chemistry is non-specific again this
l1rljFzw1dI-00271-00063005-00063209 isn't a problem for most areas of
l1rljFzw1dI-00272-00063210-00063503 Mythology but it is for amyloid so we
l1rljFzw1dI-00273-00063504-00063682 end up with a very high and conclusive
l1rljFzw1dI-00274-00063683-00063982 rate and a lot of cross-reactivity
l1rljFzw1dI-00275-00063983-00064192 so
l1rljFzw1dI-00276-00064194-00064471 we think that optimal patient care
l1rljFzw1dI-00277-00064472-00064775 requires a better method
l1rljFzw1dI-00278-00064776-00064973 and so it was actually this problem this
l1rljFzw1dI-00279-00064974-00065206 very problem that prompted our our
l1rljFzw1dI-00280-00065207-00065465 institution to develop the mass spec
l1rljFzw1dI-00281-00065466-00065650 test for amyloid so this was the first
l1rljFzw1dI-00282-00065651-00065867 test we launched the world's first
l1rljFzw1dI-00283-00065868-00066047 clinical test to type amyloid by mass
l1rljFzw1dI-00284-00066048-00066335 spec based shotgun proteomics back in
l1rljFzw1dI-00285-00066336-00066635 2008 and uh
l1rljFzw1dI-00286-00066636-00066863 and it was developed to solve this in
l1rljFzw1dI-00287-00066864-00067109 this precise problem and it's now
l1rljFzw1dI-00288-00067110-00067282 considered the gold standard for amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00289-00067283-00067565 typing now perform worldwide
l1rljFzw1dI-00290-00067566-00067649 um
l1rljFzw1dI-00291-00067650-00068075 and so we have we obsoleted our IHC for
l1rljFzw1dI-00292-00068076-00068387 all the amyloid proteins back in 2008
l1rljFzw1dI-00293-00068388-00068579 because we realize this works so much
l1rljFzw1dI-00294-00068580-00068849 better
l1rljFzw1dI-00295-00068850-00069017 um and why it's a great test it directly
l1rljFzw1dI-00296-00069018-00069226 analyzes the proteins of interest it's
l1rljFzw1dI-00297-00069227-00069550 unbiased it unambiguously identifies all
l1rljFzw1dI-00298-00069551-00069809 amyloid types in a single assay very
l1rljFzw1dI-00299-00069810-00070006 very high sensitivity and specificity so
l1rljFzw1dI-00300-00070007-00070282 sensitivity is about 98 the couple
l1rljFzw1dI-00301-00070283-00070481 percent we miss is usually because
l1rljFzw1dI-00302-00070482-00070697 there's not enough amyloid present to do
l1rljFzw1dI-00303-00070698-00070805 the test
l1rljFzw1dI-00304-00070806-00071021 and then specific specificity is about
l1rljFzw1dI-00305-00071022-00071344 100 it uses a paraffin tissue so you can
l1rljFzw1dI-00306-00071345-00071549 go back to specimens that are 30 years
l1rljFzw1dI-00307-00071550-00071879 old and you can type the amyloid and it
l1rljFzw1dI-00308-00071880-00072029 requires very very little tissue there
l1rljFzw1dI-00309-00072030-00072167 are a few cases we can't quite get
l1rljFzw1dI-00310-00072168-00072388 enough but they're very very rare so
l1rljFzw1dI-00311-00072389-00072587 even tiny heart biopsies and Tiny kidney
l1rljFzw1dI-00312-00072588-00072994 biopsies this works fine
l1rljFzw1dI-00313-00072995-00073169 so just to give you a little background
l1rljFzw1dI-00314-00073170-00073421 of my sort of simplistic way of thinking
l1rljFzw1dI-00315-00073422-00073576 about amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00316-00073577-00073817 so there are components of M they're the
l1rljFzw1dI-00317-00073818-00074021 amyloid signature proteins which I think
l1rljFzw1dI-00318-00074022-00074273 of as the straw so again that's the
l1rljFzw1dI-00319-00074274-00074525 stuff that's uh they're ubiquitous
l1rljFzw1dI-00320-00074526-00074644 proteins
l1rljFzw1dI-00321-00074645-00074711 um
l1rljFzw1dI-00322-00074712-00075029 in the serum that are soluble and
l1rljFzw1dI-00323-00075030-00075203 they're just there
l1rljFzw1dI-00324-00075204-00075419 so like straw that can kind of just move
l1rljFzw1dI-00325-00075420-00075659 move freely and then there's a unique
l1rljFzw1dI-00326-00075660-00075856 amyloid precursor Protein that's the mud
l1rljFzw1dI-00327-00075857-00076361 so again that's soluble and it's uh on
l1rljFzw1dI-00328-00076362-00076606 its own is not a problem but these are
l1rljFzw1dI-00329-00076607-00076787 not normal proteins they're abnormal in
l1rljFzw1dI-00330-00076788-00076871 some way
l1rljFzw1dI-00331-00076872-00077026 and when the when these get combined
l1rljFzw1dI-00332-00077027-00077206 under the right conditions or the wrong
l1rljFzw1dI-00333-00077207-00077405 conditions you wind up with the
l1rljFzw1dI-00334-00077406-00077711 immovable brick that is amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00335-00077712-00077897 so here's an example
l1rljFzw1dI-00336-00077898-00078088 the amyloid signature proteins that we
l1rljFzw1dI-00337-00078089-00078335 use are April lipoprotein e Apollo
l1rljFzw1dI-00338-00078336-00078676 protein A4 and serum amyloid protein so
l1rljFzw1dI-00339-00078677-00078815 there are actually a couple other
l1rljFzw1dI-00340-00078816-00079061 proteins that are considered amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00341-00079062-00079193 signature proteins but those are the
l1rljFzw1dI-00342-00079194-00079475 three we use in our lab
l1rljFzw1dI-00343-00079476-00079673 and when combined with say an abnormal
l1rljFzw1dI-00344-00079674-00079841 Lambda light chain
l1rljFzw1dI-00345-00079842-00080206 you wind up with Al amyloid Lambda type
l1rljFzw1dI-00346-00080207-00080411 here's another example
l1rljFzw1dI-00347-00080412-00080700 same same amyloid signature proteins
l1rljFzw1dI-00348-00080701-00080938 this time the abnormal protein is an
l1rljFzw1dI-00349-00080939-00081232 abnormal transthyreton
l1rljFzw1dI-00350-00081233-00081431 put them together and you wind up with
l1rljFzw1dI-00351-00081432-00081749 TT or amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00352-00081750-00082006 so here's an example of a case that we
l1rljFzw1dI-00353-00082007-00082229 ran I don't want to go through all the
l1rljFzw1dI-00354-00082230-00082379 the specifics of mass spec in the
l1rljFzw1dI-00355-00082380-00082600 interest of time but you can see that
l1rljFzw1dI-00356-00082601-00082931 the image on the left is a blood vessel
l1rljFzw1dI-00357-00082932-00083212 this is looking at a Conga red under uh
l1rljFzw1dI-00358-00083213-00083411 UV light with a fluorescent microscope
l1rljFzw1dI-00359-00083412-00083525 so it looks different looks kind of
l1rljFzw1dI-00360-00083526-00083753 bright red so that red material is the
l1rljFzw1dI-00361-00083754-00084011 amyloid if you can see a very very fine
l1rljFzw1dI-00362-00084012-00084312 sort of lavender line within that red
l1rljFzw1dI-00363-00084313-00084629 that's the line of a laser so what we do
l1rljFzw1dI-00364-00084630-00084976 is we take the tissue put it on an um
l1rljFzw1dI-00365-00084977-00085247 uncover slip slide and we use a laser
l1rljFzw1dI-00366-00085248-00085481 look at that we do a Congo red on it and
l1rljFzw1dI-00367-00085482-00085655 we use a laser to cut out just the
l1rljFzw1dI-00368-00085656-00085991 amyloid that we can see and that tissue
l1rljFzw1dI-00369-00085992-00086212 falls into the cap and that tissue gets
l1rljFzw1dI-00370-00086213-00086512 to analyzed so it's a very helpful to
l1rljFzw1dI-00371-00086513-00086717 eliminate to enrich for the amyloid and
l1rljFzw1dI-00372-00086718-00086849 eliminate the other material that's
l1rljFzw1dI-00373-00086850-00086999 actually a key component to this test
l1rljFzw1dI-00374-00087000-00087167 and why it works so well
l1rljFzw1dI-00375-00087168-00087376 then we run the mass spec and we wind up
l1rljFzw1dI-00376-00087377-00087599 with a personalized profile which you
l1rljFzw1dI-00377-00087600-00087815 can see here which are the numbers
l1rljFzw1dI-00378-00087816-00088043 you run two samples you get two columns
l1rljFzw1dI-00379-00088044-00088247 each one's different sample just to make
l1rljFzw1dI-00380-00088248-00088462 sure we're honest and the numbers are
l1rljFzw1dI-00381-00088463-00088631 what we call Spectral counts which are a
l1rljFzw1dI-00382-00088632-00088865 semi-quantitative measure of abundance
l1rljFzw1dI-00383-00088866-00089032 so
l1rljFzw1dI-00384-00089033-00089297 we can read this the top three here you
l1rljFzw1dI-00385-00089298-00089465 can see those are our amyloid signature
l1rljFzw1dI-00386-00089466-00089687 proteins that have high numbers so we
l1rljFzw1dI-00387-00089688-00089873 this is a way that we proteamically
l1rljFzw1dI-00388-00089874-00090053 prove to ourselves that this is indeed
l1rljFzw1dI-00389-00090054-00090323 amyloid so it is and the next most
l1rljFzw1dI-00390-00090324-00090550 abundant protein
l1rljFzw1dI-00391-00090551-00090953 is TTR so this is a TTR amyloid case
l1rljFzw1dI-00392-00090954-00091271 and yes there are a few rare Gammas and
l1rljFzw1dI-00393-00091272-00091450 alphas and lambas and kappas but that's
l1rljFzw1dI-00394-00091451-00091649 backrum serum proteins we can't get rid
l1rljFzw1dI-00395-00091650-00091853 of them 100 so they're always a few
l1rljFzw1dI-00396-00091854-00092026 around but the numbers are very very low
l1rljFzw1dI-00397-00092027-00092423 and we know that's just background
l1rljFzw1dI-00398-00092424-00092638 and in addition this test is kind of
l1rljFzw1dI-00399-00092639-00092861 even better because Beyond just doing
l1rljFzw1dI-00400-00092862-00093232 our usual search to identify say the
l1rljFzw1dI-00401-00093233-00093485 amyloid type say TTR we can then use the
l1rljFzw1dI-00402-00093486-00093737 same use a different database which is a
l1rljFzw1dI-00403-00093738-00093832 curated
l1rljFzw1dI-00404-00093833-00094115 um mutation profile and look at the same
l1rljFzw1dI-00405-00094116-00094259 information
l1rljFzw1dI-00406-00094260-00094565 run the search and we can identify the
l1rljFzw1dI-00407-00094566-00094679 mutation
l1rljFzw1dI-00408-00094680-00094859 so we can we do this in every case if
l1rljFzw1dI-00409-00094860-00094979 you send us a case we do this
l1rljFzw1dI-00410-00094980-00095261 automatically and it's not a hundred
l1rljFzw1dI-00411-00095262-00095471 percent but it's probably above 95
l1rljFzw1dI-00412-00095472-00095626 percent that we can identify the
l1rljFzw1dI-00413-00095627-00095753 mutation
l1rljFzw1dI-00414-00095754-00095981 and in some ways is even better because
l1rljFzw1dI-00415-00095982-00096275 it's disease tissue so you could have an
l1rljFzw1dI-00416-00096276-00096562 asymptomatic patient a carrier who
l1rljFzw1dI-00417-00096563-00096785 doesn't actually have disease yet but
l1rljFzw1dI-00418-00096786-00097043 have the carry the gene but here we can
l1rljFzw1dI-00419-00097044-00097312 show here that it is amyloid and it also
l1rljFzw1dI-00420-00097313-00097847 carries the abnormal protein
l1rljFzw1dI-00421-00097848-00098056 um so here's an example of a case just
l1rljFzw1dI-00422-00098057-00098194 to show you the problems that we can
l1rljFzw1dI-00423-00098195-00098381 face sometimes
l1rljFzw1dI-00424-00098382-00098699 so this is a 74 year old man
l1rljFzw1dI-00425-00098700-00098987 had a heart biopsy had amyloid no
l1rljFzw1dI-00426-00098988-00099106 problem
l1rljFzw1dI-00427-00099107-00099244 gets typed I don't know if you can read
l1rljFzw1dI-00428-00099245-00099412 this this was done somewhere else
l1rljFzw1dI-00429-00099413-00099581 actually very very good institution they
l1rljFzw1dI-00430-00099582-00099731 used immunofluorescence which is
l1rljFzw1dI-00431-00099732-00099953 actually probably better than IHC
l1rljFzw1dI-00432-00099954-00100223 and they came with a diagnosis of Al
l1rljFzw1dI-00433-00100224-00100456 CAPA
l1rljFzw1dI-00434-00100457-00100781 and then 31 months later the very same
l1rljFzw1dI-00435-00100782-00100961 heart biopsy so the very very same
l1rljFzw1dI-00436-00100962-00101309 specimen came to us and
l1rljFzw1dI-00437-00101310-00101531 they're this signature protein so it's
l1rljFzw1dI-00438-00101532-00101717 no we know it's amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00439-00101718-00101956 and it was TTR
l1rljFzw1dI-00440-00101957-00102238 so
l1rljFzw1dI-00441-00102239-00102394 beware huh
l1rljFzw1dI-00442-00102395-00102623 so the last one I want to make is
l1rljFzw1dI-00443-00102624-00102778 although I have already told you that
l1rljFzw1dI-00444-00102779-00102958 surrogate sites are really good they're
l1rljFzw1dI-00445-00102959-00103180 not perfect and so if the clinical
l1rljFzw1dI-00446-00103181-00103421 picture doesn't fit right then you're
l1rljFzw1dI-00447-00103422-00103565 going to have to go to the involved
l1rljFzw1dI-00448-00103566-00103715 organ which is the heart
l1rljFzw1dI-00449-00103716-00103942 so I'll give you three the first example
l1rljFzw1dI-00450-00103943-00104165 of rare amyloid types so again these are
l1rljFzw1dI-00451-00104166-00104351 super rare
l1rljFzw1dI-00452-00104352-00104530 um apoa 4 is probably the most common
l1rljFzw1dI-00453-00104531-00104758 one that we deal with that's a problem
l1rljFzw1dI-00454-00104759-00104957 sometimes because I think even that can
l1rljFzw1dI-00455-00104958-00105149 give a maybe Matt you know but it can
l1rljFzw1dI-00456-00105150-00105377 give a
l1rljFzw1dI-00457-00105378-00105719 um a false result using pyp scanning but
l1rljFzw1dI-00458-00105720-00105863 I think this is anecdotal at this point
l1rljFzw1dI-00459-00105864-00106054 so that's a problem but it's extremely
l1rljFzw1dI-00460-00106055-00106210 rare
l1rljFzw1dI-00461-00106211-00106439 um the second problem is discordance
l1rljFzw1dI-00462-00106440-00106678 I'll show an example of that
l1rljFzw1dI-00463-00106679-00106931 so here's a case 73 year old man had a
l1rljFzw1dI-00464-00106932-00107363 long standing type 1 diabetes history he
l1rljFzw1dI-00465-00107364-00107525 had symptoms that sounded good for
l1rljFzw1dI-00466-00107526-00107736 systemic amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00467-00107738-00108173 he did have an mgus A Kappa free uh
l1rljFzw1dI-00468-00108174-00108502 Capri light genes and a Kappa mgus he
l1rljFzw1dI-00469-00108503-00108647 had a fat aspirate which was positive
l1rljFzw1dI-00470-00108648-00108857 for amyloid his bone marrow had five
l1rljFzw1dI-00471-00108858-00109139 percent monoclonal Kappa plasma cells so
l1rljFzw1dI-00472-00109140-00109313 at that point the working diagnosis was
l1rljFzw1dI-00473-00109314-00109540 systemic Al amyloidosis quite
l1rljFzw1dI-00474-00109541-00109840 understandably
l1rljFzw1dI-00475-00109841-00110123 um so he had his fat aspirate typed
l1rljFzw1dI-00476-00110124-00110302 and we see the amyloid signature
l1rljFzw1dI-00477-00110303-00110507 proteins so they're present so we know
l1rljFzw1dI-00478-00110508-00110633 it's amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00479-00110633-00110957 but we found was insulin
l1rljFzw1dI-00480-00110958-00111299 so this is not Al this is not TTR this
l1rljFzw1dI-00481-00111300-00111610 is insulin
l1rljFzw1dI-00482-00111611-00111851 so
l1rljFzw1dI-00483-00111852-00112078 um in a insulin amyloid is actually the
l1rljFzw1dI-00484-00112079-00112258 fifth most common amyloid type that we
l1rljFzw1dI-00485-00112259-00112565 see it's about one percent of cases this
l1rljFzw1dI-00486-00112566-00112745 is not a systemic disease it's a
l1rljFzw1dI-00487-00112746-00112960 localized disease to where people inject
l1rljFzw1dI-00488-00112961-00113213 insulin it causes decreased absorption
l1rljFzw1dI-00489-00113214-00113513 of insulin it causes masses usually but
l1rljFzw1dI-00490-00113514-00113699 it's a localized process that basically
l1rljFzw1dI-00491-00113700-00113878 is a red herring
l1rljFzw1dI-00492-00113879-00114065 but if you go back to our paper of all
l1rljFzw1dI-00493-00114066-00114407 our fat pad biopsies although 60 were
l1rljFzw1dI-00494-00114408-00114736 ale and 30 were TTR a full 10 were
l1rljFzw1dI-00495-00114738-00115001 insulin so this is not that rare so it's
l1rljFzw1dI-00496-00115002-00115199 not on unheard of that you will
l1rljFzw1dI-00497-00115200-00115427 encounter this so this happens and
l1rljFzw1dI-00498-00115428-00115727 basically it's a red herring
l1rljFzw1dI-00499-00115728-00115943 so our clinicians knew that and they
l1rljFzw1dI-00500-00115944-00116123 said yes this patient still could have
l1rljFzw1dI-00501-00116124-00116404 cardiac amyloid and so a heart biopsy
l1rljFzw1dI-00502-00116405-00116549 was done
l1rljFzw1dI-00503-00116550-00116897 and it turned out to be TCR
l1rljFzw1dI-00504-00116898-00117233 so
l1rljFzw1dI-00505-00117233-00117466 in the end this patient had three things
l1rljFzw1dI-00506-00117467-00117671 he had the main thing which is cardiac
l1rljFzw1dI-00507-00117672-00117965 amyloid TTR wild type he had an
l1rljFzw1dI-00508-00117966-00118265 incidental localized insulin amyloid and
l1rljFzw1dI-00509-00118266-00118516 he had an incidental mgus
l1rljFzw1dI-00510-00118517-00118799 so yes there can be this people can have
l1rljFzw1dI-00511-00118800-00119015 more than one amyloid type either in
l1rljFzw1dI-00512-00119016-00119208 different organs or the very same organ
l1rljFzw1dI-00513-00119209-00119440 and we've written about this other
l1rljFzw1dI-00514-00119441-00119675 people have written about this so is it
l1rljFzw1dI-00515-00119676-00120023 common no does it happen yes so don't be
l1rljFzw1dI-00516-00120024-00120340 surprised and just keep going if
l1rljFzw1dI-00517-00120341-00120557 the story doesn't make sense with the
l1rljFzw1dI-00518-00120558-00120719 surrogate site
l1rljFzw1dI-00519-00120720-00120947 and the last example okay I forgot about
l1rljFzw1dI-00520-00120948-00121157 this so this is a paper we had written
l1rljFzw1dI-00521-00121158-00121319 about whether you could use surrogate
l1rljFzw1dI-00522-00121320-00121745 sites like prostate or bladder or tendon
l1rljFzw1dI-00523-00121746-00122123 as surrogate for cardiac amyloid because
l1rljFzw1dI-00524-00122124-00122297 if you think about it who gets cardiac
l1rljFzw1dI-00525-00122298-00122501 amyloid well it's kind of old guys right
l1rljFzw1dI-00526-00122502-00122675 so the old guys often get prostate
l1rljFzw1dI-00527-00122676-00122897 biopsies and bladder biopsies so this
l1rljFzw1dI-00528-00122898-00123119 was kind of an interesting study and so
l1rljFzw1dI-00529-00123120-00123413 we had 16 cases that had or we had a
l1rljFzw1dI-00530-00123414-00123725 heart biopsy plus one of these sites and
l1rljFzw1dI-00531-00123726-00123995 14 out of 16 were were concordant which
l1rljFzw1dI-00532-00123996-00124193 is great but two were not and so it's
l1rljFzw1dI-00533-00124194-00124415 important that you know about these so
l1rljFzw1dI-00534-00124416-00124673 the last one which I think is 29
l1rljFzw1dI-00535-00124674-00125010 was discordant this person had a type of
l1rljFzw1dI-00536-00125011-00125297 amyloid called cemental gelin which is
l1rljFzw1dI-00537-00125298-00125489 localized to seminal vesicles in his
l1rljFzw1dI-00538-00125490-00125608 prostate
l1rljFzw1dI-00539-00125609-00125908 and this is always localized disease so
l1rljFzw1dI-00540-00125909-00126047 this one was did not pose a problem
l1rljFzw1dI-00541-00126048-00126245 because you would know that there's no
l1rljFzw1dI-00542-00126246-00126431 way that's what was in the heart and the
l1rljFzw1dI-00543-00126432-00126671 patient had I think Al I can't read and
l1rljFzw1dI-00544-00126672-00126790 read it from here
l1rljFzw1dI-00545-00126791-00127043 Al on the heart so that's fine there's
l1rljFzw1dI-00546-00127044-00127163 no way that could have been the same
l1rljFzw1dI-00547-00127164-00127439 thing the other Case Case 10 was
l1rljFzw1dI-00548-00127440-00127619 potentially a problem because he had Al
l1rljFzw1dI-00549-00127620-00127966 in his bladder and TTR in his heart so
l1rljFzw1dI-00550-00127967-00128189 Al can be oh in addition to being a
l1rljFzw1dI-00551-00128190-00128423 systemic disease can be a localized
l1rljFzw1dI-00552-00128424-00128771 disease and localized disease Ale in the
l1rljFzw1dI-00553-00128772-00129071 bladder is a relatively common uh
l1rljFzw1dI-00554-00129072-00129377 clinical pathologic entity so again this
l1rljFzw1dI-00555-00129378-00129593 is a an example where using the
l1rljFzw1dI-00556-00129594-00129839 surrogate site didn't work and the
l1rljFzw1dI-00557-00129840-00130054 clinical picture didn't fit and the
l1rljFzw1dI-00558-00130055-00130252 clinicians were astute and went to the
l1rljFzw1dI-00559-00130253-00130445 heart and diagnosed a separate type
l1rljFzw1dI-00560-00130446-00130757 there so this is just to do keep in mind
l1rljFzw1dI-00561-00130758-00130984 that this can happen usually it doesn't
l1rljFzw1dI-00562-00130985-00131254 but it can
l1rljFzw1dI-00563-00131255-00131435 and the last case this is the one that
l1rljFzw1dI-00564-00131436-00131752 gave me endless gray hairs this was a 91
l1rljFzw1dI-00565-00131753-00132040 year old guy who had prominent I'm going
l1rljFzw1dI-00566-00132041-00132154 the whole story because we're out of
l1rljFzw1dI-00567-00132155-00132299 time here but he had prominent
l1rljFzw1dI-00568-00132300-00132635 interstitial amyloid 98 of what these
l1rljFzw1dI-00569-00132636-00132887 big blobs of interstitial amyloid which
l1rljFzw1dI-00570-00132888-00133240 is a typical pattern for TTR
l1rljFzw1dI-00571-00133241-00133414 and so we typed it
l1rljFzw1dI-00572-00133415-00133666 was interstitial Aggregates and again it
l1rljFzw1dI-00573-00133667-00133787 was TTR
l1rljFzw1dI-00574-00133788-00134002 but the patient didn't behave like TTR
l1rljFzw1dI-00575-00134003-00134254 he was treated pretty TTR and he
l1rljFzw1dI-00576-00134255-00134554 basically fell off a cliff clinically
l1rljFzw1dI-00577-00134555-00134849 and so we went back and sure enough if
l1rljFzw1dI-00578-00134850-00134987 you really hunt hard enough you could
l1rljFzw1dI-00579-00134988-00135323 find rare vessels that had amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00580-00135324-00135437 that looked different the other
l1rljFzw1dI-00581-00135438-00135599 interesting thing was this patient had a
l1rljFzw1dI-00582-00135600-00135797 fat aspirate which is positive for Al
l1rljFzw1dI-00583-00135798-00136025 amyloid which also posed a big problem
l1rljFzw1dI-00584-00136026-00136223 because we think that's that fat
l1rljFzw1dI-00585-00136224-00136516 aspirates is a perfect surrogate so how
l1rljFzw1dI-00586-00136517-00136685 could he have a different type in his
l1rljFzw1dI-00587-00136686-00136943 heart he went back to the heart and we
l1rljFzw1dI-00588-00136944-00137164 found these rare vessels that had
l1rljFzw1dI-00589-00137165-00137375 amyloid
l1rljFzw1dI-00590-00137376-00137633 and we dissected those out separately
l1rljFzw1dI-00591-00137634-00137849 and they were so rare that we could only
l1rljFzw1dI-00592-00137850-00138071 come up with a single cap but sure
l1rljFzw1dI-00593-00138072-00138377 enough we ran it and it was Lambda so
l1rljFzw1dI-00594-00138378-00138539 this patient I don't know if you
l1rljFzw1dI-00595-00138540-00138664 probably can't see this very well
l1rljFzw1dI-00596-00138665-00138827 because the numbers are small so small
l1rljFzw1dI-00597-00138828-00139102 but there was not a speck of TTR in
l1rljFzw1dI-00598-00139103-00139259 those vessels
l1rljFzw1dI-00599-00139260-00139511 and similarly there was basically not a
l1rljFzw1dI-00600-00139512-00139787 speck of Ale in the interstitial areas
l1rljFzw1dI-00601-00139788-00139973 so they were two entirely different
l1rljFzw1dI-00602-00139974-00140309 amyloid types two different anatomic
l1rljFzw1dI-00603-00140310-00140585 compartments in the same heart but even
l1rljFzw1dI-00604-00140586-00140963 though 95 plus percent of it was TTR he
l1rljFzw1dI-00605-00140964-00141185 was behaving like Al so he did get
l1rljFzw1dI-00606-00141186-00141478 treated for Al and he improved so again
l1rljFzw1dI-00607-00141479-00141719 that the amount of involvement of the
l1rljFzw1dI-00608-00141720-00141881 tissue is not necessarily proportional
l1rljFzw1dI-00609-00141882-00142043 to what the patient's going to do
l1rljFzw1dI-00610-00142044-00142240 clinically so
l1rljFzw1dI-00611-00142241-00142516 this is extraordinarily rare like this
l1rljFzw1dI-00612-00142517-00142643 is about the only case that ever seemed
l1rljFzw1dI-00613-00142644-00142913 like this but if it happened once it can
l1rljFzw1dI-00614-00142914-00143152 happen again so again I think the
l1rljFzw1dI-00615-00143153-00143357 surrogate sites are excellent but if the
l1rljFzw1dI-00616-00143358-00143543 clinical picture doesn't fit you have to
l1rljFzw1dI-00617-00143544-00143735 go back to the heart and again send it
l1rljFzw1dI-00618-00143736-00143885 to a very good pathologist because these
l1rljFzw1dI-00619-00143886-00144119 are hard to diagnose
l1rljFzw1dI-00620-00144120-00144364 so these are my take-home messages for
l1rljFzw1dI-00621-00144365-00144587 one most patients with cardiac
l1rljFzw1dI-00622-00144588-00144725 amyloidosis should not need a heart
l1rljFzw1dI-00623-00144726-00144959 biopsy and about hash at least half
l1rljFzw1dI-00624-00144960-00145247 should not need a biopsy at all
l1rljFzw1dI-00625-00145248-00145439 for patients who do need a biopsy
l1rljFzw1dI-00626-00145440-00145654 surrogate sites like fat aspirate and
l1rljFzw1dI-00627-00145655-00145859 bone marrow are often acceptable
l1rljFzw1dI-00628-00145860-00146081 if you send them if you need a biopsy
l1rljFzw1dI-00629-00146082-00146375 send it to a good pathologist and we
l1rljFzw1dI-00630-00146376-00146590 recommend typing it by a robust method
l1rljFzw1dI-00631-00146591-00146747 like mass spec
l1rljFzw1dI-00632-00146748-00146987 and finally surrogate sites although
l1rljFzw1dI-00633-00146988-00147178 very good are not perfect and the
l1rljFzw1dI-00634-00147179-00147401 clinical picture doesn't doesn't fit get
l1rljFzw1dI-00635-00147402-00147563 a hard biopsy
l1rljFzw1dI-00636-00147564-00147991 so that's it thanks for attention
l1xJpuGJ948-00000-00000064-00000303 it's a good morning this is a good
l1xJpuGJ948-00001-00000304-00000415 morning
l1xJpuGJ948-00002-00000416-00000663 this is a really good morning this is a
l1xJpuGJ948-00003-00000664-00000734 new
l1xJpuGJ948-00004-00000735-00001079 morning this is a new day
l1xJpuGJ948-00005-00001080-00001350 this is a new vibrational point of
l1xJpuGJ948-00006-00001351-00001454 attraction
l1xJpuGJ948-00007-00001455-00001798 this is a new beginning this is
l1xJpuGJ948-00008-00001800-00002110 me new into the world this is me
l1xJpuGJ948-00009-00002111-00002334 choosing my vibrations more deliberately
l1xJpuGJ948-00010-00002335-00002455 this is me
l1xJpuGJ948-00011-00002456-00002702 in this good morning being aware of the
l1xJpuGJ948-00012-00002703-00002863 way i am feeling
l1xJpuGJ948-00013-00002864-00003087 this is me being in touch with my
l1xJpuGJ948-00014-00003088-00003175 emotions
l1xJpuGJ948-00015-00003176-00003454 this is me a good morning this is me and
l1xJpuGJ948-00016-00003455-00003575 my good morning
l1xJpuGJ948-00017-00003576-00003895 being aware of the value of my emotions
l1xJpuGJ948-00018-00003896-00004231 this is me new in this day
l1xJpuGJ948-00019-00004232-00004599 with a vortex full of all kinds of
l1xJpuGJ948-00020-00004600-00004679 things
l1xJpuGJ948-00021-00004680-00005063 that are readily even immediately
l1xJpuGJ948-00022-00005064-00005470 some eventually all eventually
l1xJpuGJ948-00023-00005471-00005791 available to me this is a really good
l1xJpuGJ948-00024-00005792-00005870 day
l1xJpuGJ948-00025-00005871-00006263 this is the beginning of me deliberately
l1xJpuGJ948-00026-00006264-00006567 tuning myself to the frequency that
l1xJpuGJ948-00027-00006568-00006646 allows
l1xJpuGJ948-00028-00006647-00006967 my receptive mode
l1xJpuGJ948-00029-00006968-00007270 this is me in my new
l1xJpuGJ948-00030-00007272-00007734 day in this good morning
l1xJpuGJ948-00031-00007736-00008134 allowing myself more than ever before
l1xJpuGJ948-00032-00008136-00008439 to be in the receptive mode the
l1xJpuGJ948-00033-00008440-00008614 receptive mode
l1xJpuGJ948-00034-00008615-00008871 of everything that i've intended
l1xJpuGJ948-00035-00008872-00009095 everything that i've asked for
l1xJpuGJ948-00036-00009096-00009342 everything that i've put into the vortex
l1xJpuGJ948-00037-00009343-00009623 all that i've become
l1xJpuGJ948-00038-00009624-00010014 full alignment with all that i have
l1xJpuGJ948-00039-00010015-00010383 become this is a good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00040-00010384-00010806 this is a new beginning this is a
l1xJpuGJ948-00041-00010807-00011295 new beginning for me
l1xJpuGJ948-00042-00011296-00011887 good morning this is a new day
l1xJpuGJ948-00043-00011888-00012295 today everything in my world
l1xJpuGJ948-00044-00012296-00012583 will respond differently to me than it
l1xJpuGJ948-00045-00012584-00012623 has
l1xJpuGJ948-00046-00012624-00012991 ever before because while i slept
l1xJpuGJ948-00047-00012991-00013303 all momentum subsided and now that i'm
l1xJpuGJ948-00048-00013304-00013479 awake
l1xJpuGJ948-00049-00013480-00013815 i'm taking care to focus in ways that
l1xJpuGJ948-00050-00013816-00013894 will allow
l1xJpuGJ948-00051-00013895-00014279 my receptive mode i know that i am an
l1xJpuGJ948-00052-00014280-00014527 extension of source energy
l1xJpuGJ948-00053-00014528-00014735 and i know that i've come into this
l1xJpuGJ948-00054-00014736-00015103 physical time space reality with purpose
l1xJpuGJ948-00055-00015104-00015399 and i know that this time space reality
l1xJpuGJ948-00056-00015400-00015503 has served
l1xJpuGJ948-00057-00015504-00015863 my purpose well i sifted
l1xJpuGJ948-00058-00015863-00016127 and sorted and decided and i've come to
l1xJpuGJ948-00059-00016128-00016191 all
l1xJpuGJ948-00060-00016191-00016447 kinds of conclusions about things that
l1xJpuGJ948-00061-00016448-00016622 are important to me
l1xJpuGJ948-00062-00016623-00016863 and i've put them into my vibrational
l1xJpuGJ948-00063-00016864-00016975 reality
l1xJpuGJ948-00064-00016976-00017263 where they have been tended to by you
l1xJpuGJ948-00065-00017264-00017391 source
l1xJpuGJ948-00066-00017392-00017750 you who is at the basis of my really
l1xJpuGJ948-00067-00017751-00017958 good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00068-00017959-00018255 i like knowing that you are aware of me
l1xJpuGJ948-00069-00018256-00018414 and i like knowing that you will go
l1xJpuGJ948-00070-00018415-00018607 everywhere i go today
l1xJpuGJ948-00071-00018608-00018767 i like knowing that you'll be in on the
l1xJpuGJ948-00072-00018768-00018950 conversations with me
l1xJpuGJ948-00073-00018951-00019086 that you'll be aware of what my
l1xJpuGJ948-00074-00019087-00019271 intentions are
l1xJpuGJ948-00075-00019272-00019422 that you will care about the people that
l1xJpuGJ948-00076-00019423-00019599 i am interacting with
l1xJpuGJ948-00077-00019600-00019711 and that you will know what their
l1xJpuGJ948-00078-00019712-00019991 intentions are i like
l1xJpuGJ948-00079-00019992-00020271 that this broader view that you hold is
l1xJpuGJ948-00080-00020272-00020414 available to me
l1xJpuGJ948-00081-00020415-00020694 and i like that whatever i'm ready for
l1xJpuGJ948-00082-00020695-00020791 now
l1xJpuGJ948-00083-00020792-00021111 i will feel an impulse about
l1xJpuGJ948-00084-00021112-00021558 this is a really good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00085-00021559-00021919 as i move through this day
l1xJpuGJ948-00086-00021920-00022294 contrast will still exist
l1xJpuGJ948-00087-00022295-00022607 and from it i will find more things that
l1xJpuGJ948-00088-00022608-00022783 i desire
l1xJpuGJ948-00089-00022784-00023094 i know that in this really good day that
l1xJpuGJ948-00090-00023095-00023327 those contrasting experiences
l1xJpuGJ948-00091-00023328-00023614 are not me being off my path but still
l1xJpuGJ948-00092-00023615-00023655 being
l1xJpuGJ948-00093-00023656-00023958 on my path i embrace the contrast that
l1xJpuGJ948-00094-00023959-00023999 comes
l1xJpuGJ948-00095-00024000-00024271 today and i keep it in perspective
l1xJpuGJ948-00096-00024272-00024399 because i understand
l1xJpuGJ948-00097-00024400-00024678 that it's not me leaving my path i
l1xJpuGJ948-00098-00024679-00024822 understand it's me still
l1xJpuGJ948-00099-00024823-00025142 on my path doing what i intended when i
l1xJpuGJ948-00100-00025143-00025199 came
l1xJpuGJ948-00101-00025200-00025503 into this time-space reality so i'll
l1xJpuGJ948-00102-00025504-00025550 sift
l1xJpuGJ948-00103-00025551-00025783 and i'll sort and i'll come to get new
l1xJpuGJ948-00104-00025783-00025974 awarenesses of what i want
l1xJpuGJ948-00105-00025975-00026206 and all day i will be keenly aware of
l1xJpuGJ948-00106-00026207-00026390 the way i feel
l1xJpuGJ948-00107-00026391-00026718 i expect that in this day i will feel
l1xJpuGJ948-00108-00026719-00026823 good
l1xJpuGJ948-00109-00026824-00027151 all day long good within contrast
l1xJpuGJ948-00110-00027152-00027446 because i understand it good with my
l1xJpuGJ948-00111-00027447-00027655 deliberate attention of focus because i
l1xJpuGJ948-00112-00027656-00027799 understand that
l1xJpuGJ948-00113-00027800-00028007 better today than ever before because
l1xJpuGJ948-00114-00028008-00028143 i'm consciously
l1xJpuGJ948-00115-00028144-00028367 setting forth my intentions at the
l1xJpuGJ948-00116-00028368-00028511 beginning of this day
l1xJpuGJ948-00117-00028512-00028718 to utilize my guidance system in the way
l1xJpuGJ948-00118-00028719-00028879 that i intended to use it
l1xJpuGJ948-00119-00028880-00029062 when i came into this physical body to
l1xJpuGJ948-00120-00029063-00029479 begin with
l1xJpuGJ948-00121-00029480-00029799 this is a really good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00122-00029800-00030214 my vortex is full of manifested
l1xJpuGJ948-00123-00030216-00030583 potential my vortex
l1xJpuGJ948-00124-00030583-00030958 is a now reality that i can feel my way
l1xJpuGJ948-00125-00030960-00031118 into
l1xJpuGJ948-00126-00031119-00031462 today i intend to feel exhilaration
l1xJpuGJ948-00127-00031463-00031790 about things not yet manifested because
l1xJpuGJ948-00128-00031791-00031814 i
l1xJpuGJ948-00129-00031816-00032190 understand the reality of them
l1xJpuGJ948-00130-00032191-00032502 i now get what true faith is
l1xJpuGJ948-00131-00032503-00032846 i get what true belief is it's an
l1xJpuGJ948-00132-00032847-00032959 understanding
l1xJpuGJ948-00133-00032960-00033167 of the way the universe works it's an
l1xJpuGJ948-00134-00033168-00033262 understanding
l1xJpuGJ948-00135-00033263-00033559 that vibration precedes manifestation
l1xJpuGJ948-00136-00033560-00033599 it's an
l1xJpuGJ948-00137-00033600-00033902 understanding that the vibration is
l1xJpuGJ948-00138-00033903-00034183 a reality it's an understanding that i
l1xJpuGJ948-00139-00034184-00034390 can achieve vibrational alignment with
l1xJpuGJ948-00140-00034391-00034631 that vibrational reality
l1xJpuGJ948-00141-00034632-00034823 it's an understanding that i can find
l1xJpuGJ948-00142-00034824-00035031 that feeling of well-being
l1xJpuGJ948-00143-00035032-00035335 even without the manifestation
l1xJpuGJ948-00144-00035336-00035727 i embrace this really good unconditional
l1xJpuGJ948-00145-00035728-00035895 day
l1xJpuGJ948-00146-00035896-00036207 today will be full of conditions there
l1xJpuGJ948-00147-00036208-00036343 will be driving
l1xJpuGJ948-00148-00036344-00036662 and traffic and people and business
l1xJpuGJ948-00149-00036663-00037023 and commerce there will be conversation
l1xJpuGJ948-00150-00037024-00037279 there will be all kinds of information
l1xJpuGJ948-00151-00037280-00037487 about all kinds of things
l1xJpuGJ948-00152-00037488-00037743 and i accept that as the basis of my
l1xJpuGJ948-00153-00037744-00037951 manifested reality
l1xJpuGJ948-00154-00037952-00038239 but there will also be insights and
l1xJpuGJ948-00155-00038240-00038327 emotions
l1xJpuGJ948-00156-00038328-00038583 there will also be knowledge there will
l1xJpuGJ948-00157-00038584-00038639 also
l1xJpuGJ948-00158-00038640-00038943 be information coming from source there
l1xJpuGJ948-00159-00038944-00039046 will also be
l1xJpuGJ948-00160-00039047-00039383 me in the receptive mode
l1xJpuGJ948-00161-00039384-00039751 this is a really good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00162-00039752-00039935 i will have more awareness of my
l1xJpuGJ948-00163-00039936-00040118 vibrational reality today
l1xJpuGJ948-00164-00040119-00040415 than i ever have before i will be more
l1xJpuGJ948-00165-00040416-00040543 aware of the way i feel
l1xJpuGJ948-00166-00040544-00040830 than i have ever been before and while i
l1xJpuGJ948-00167-00040831-00040983 would be moving about
l1xJpuGJ948-00168-00040984-00041335 a physical manifested material world
l1xJpuGJ948-00169-00041336-00041567 and i will be embracing it and i will be
l1xJpuGJ948-00170-00041568-00041662 applauding it
l1xJpuGJ948-00171-00041663-00042039 and i will be appreciating it i am also
l1xJpuGJ948-00172-00042040-00042351 predominantly unconditional in my
l1xJpuGJ948-00173-00042352-00042551 beingness today
l1xJpuGJ948-00174-00042552-00042830 maybe for the very first time at least
l1xJpuGJ948-00175-00042831-00043030 better than i've ever been before
l1xJpuGJ948-00176-00043031-00043358 because today the way i feel is not
l1xJpuGJ948-00177-00043359-00043455 dependent
l1xJpuGJ948-00178-00043456-00043630 upon the conditions that have already
l1xJpuGJ948-00179-00043631-00043855 manifested is dependent
l1xJpuGJ948-00180-00043856-00044087 upon the vibration that i sense the
l1xJpuGJ948-00181-00044088-00044271 vibration that i'm tuned to
l1xJpuGJ948-00182-00044272-00044487 the vibration that i understand the
l1xJpuGJ948-00183-00044488-00044695 vibration that my source holds
l1xJpuGJ948-00184-00044696-00044943 the vibration that i have access to the
l1xJpuGJ948-00185-00044944-00045143 vibrational frequency of who i
l1xJpuGJ948-00186-00045144-00045623 am today is a really good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00187-00045624-00045974 today i'm going to pronounce myself
l1xJpuGJ948-00188-00045975-00046311 an emotional being which means today i'm
l1xJpuGJ948-00189-00046312-00046399 going to pronounce
l1xJpuGJ948-00190-00046400-00046718 myself a vibrationally astute
l1xJpuGJ948-00191-00046719-00047007 being which means today i'm going to
l1xJpuGJ948-00192-00047008-00047223 pronounce myself
l1xJpuGJ948-00193-00047224-00047590 aware of my guidance system and using it
l1xJpuGJ948-00194-00047591-00047935 to the best of my ability
l1xJpuGJ948-00195-00047936-00048207 i understand that the source within me
l1xJpuGJ948-00196-00048208-00048374 is aware of where i stand in
l1xJpuGJ948-00197-00048375-00048646 relationship to everything that i desire
l1xJpuGJ948-00198-00048647-00048958 and i believe with all that i am that my
l1xJpuGJ948-00199-00048959-00049039 inner being is
l1xJpuGJ948-00200-00049040-00049302 guiding me along the path of least
l1xJpuGJ948-00201-00049303-00049407 resistance which
l1xJpuGJ948-00202-00049408-00049639 also happens to be the path of my
l1xJpuGJ948-00203-00049640-00049774 greatest joy
l1xJpuGJ948-00204-00049775-00050030 the path of my greatest clarity and the
l1xJpuGJ948-00205-00050031-00050135 path of my most
l1xJpuGJ948-00206-00050136-00050439 fun so i pronounce today
l1xJpuGJ948-00207-00050440-00050767 on this really good day that no matter
l1xJpuGJ948-00208-00050768-00050879 where i am going
l1xJpuGJ948-00209-00050880-00051086 and no matter what i am doing and no
l1xJpuGJ948-00210-00051087-00051279 matter who i am doing it with
l1xJpuGJ948-00211-00051279-00051558 that it will be my dominant intent to
l1xJpuGJ948-00212-00051559-00051663 hold myself
l1xJpuGJ948-00213-00051664-00051975 in the place of feeling good today is
l1xJpuGJ948-00214-00051976-00052046 the day
l1xJpuGJ948-00215-00052047-00052246 that i pronounce as my day of greatest
l1xJpuGJ948-00216-00052247-00052390 appreciation
l1xJpuGJ948-00217-00052391-00052607 today is a day that i pronounce as my
l1xJpuGJ948-00218-00052608-00052830 day of greatest awareness
l1xJpuGJ948-00219-00052832-00053023 today is the day that i pronounce as my
l1xJpuGJ948-00220-00053024-00053142 day of greatest
l1xJpuGJ948-00221-00053144-00053391 emotional awareness and emotional
l1xJpuGJ948-00222-00053391-00053599 response to my awareness
l1xJpuGJ948-00223-00053600-00053903 today i am pronouncing myself a liver of
l1xJpuGJ948-00224-00053904-00054254 unconditional love unconditional clarity
l1xJpuGJ948-00225-00054255-00054487 unconditional alignment unconditional
l1xJpuGJ948-00226-00054488-00054599 attunement
l1xJpuGJ948-00227-00054600-00054999 today i am tuned in tapped in turned on
l1xJpuGJ948-00228-00055000-00055319 to who i really am today i intend to the
l1xJpuGJ948-00229-00055320-00055438 best of my ability
l1xJpuGJ948-00230-00055439-00055671 to fulfill myself as i have meant to be
l1xJpuGJ948-00231-00055672-00055799 fulfilled
l1xJpuGJ948-00232-00055800-00056007 today i'm going to look for reasons to
l1xJpuGJ948-00233-00056008-00056215 feel good and i will find them
l1xJpuGJ948-00234-00056216-00056438 and if i stumble upon something that
l1xJpuGJ948-00235-00056439-00056575 doesn't feel so good
l1xJpuGJ948-00236-00056576-00056799 i will revel in the perfection of my
l1xJpuGJ948-00237-00056800-00056911 guidance system
l1xJpuGJ948-00238-00056912-00057438 and i will make the adjustment today
l1xJpuGJ948-00239-00057439-00057679 it's a good morning this is a good
l1xJpuGJ948-00240-00057679-00057791 morning
l1xJpuGJ948-00241-00057791-00058047 this is a really good morning this is a
l1xJpuGJ948-00242-00058048-00058119 new
l1xJpuGJ948-00243-00058120-00058463 morning this is a new day
l1xJpuGJ948-00244-00058464-00058735 this is a new vibrational point of
l1xJpuGJ948-00245-00058736-00058838 attraction
l1xJpuGJ948-00246-00058839-00059182 this is a new beginning this is
l1xJpuGJ948-00247-00059183-00059503 me new into the world this is me
l1xJpuGJ948-00248-00059504-00059726 choosing my vibrations more deliberately
l1xJpuGJ948-00249-00059727-00059847 this is me
l1xJpuGJ948-00250-00059848-00060094 in this good morning being aware of the
l1xJpuGJ948-00251-00060095-00060247 way i am feeling
l1xJpuGJ948-00252-00060248-00060479 this is me being in touch with my
l1xJpuGJ948-00253-00060479-00060566 emotions
l1xJpuGJ948-00254-00060567-00060838 this is me a good morning this is me and
l1xJpuGJ948-00255-00060839-00060966 my good morning
l1xJpuGJ948-00256-00060967-00061287 being aware of the value of my emotions
l1xJpuGJ948-00257-00061288-00061623 this is me new in this day
l1xJpuGJ948-00258-00061624-00061991 with a vortex full of all kinds of
l1xJpuGJ948-00259-00061991-00062071 things
l1xJpuGJ948-00260-00062072-00062447 that are readily even immediately
l1xJpuGJ948-00261-00062448-00062854 some eventually all eventually
l1xJpuGJ948-00262-00062855-00063175 available to me this is a really good
l1xJpuGJ948-00263-00063176-00063263 day
l1xJpuGJ948-00264-00063264-00063654 this is the beginning of me deliberately
l1xJpuGJ948-00265-00063655-00063959 tuning myself to the frequency that
l1xJpuGJ948-00266-00063960-00064038 allows
l1xJpuGJ948-00267-00064039-00064359 my receptive mode
l1xJpuGJ948-00268-00064360-00064663 this is me in my new
l1xJpuGJ948-00269-00064664-00065126 day in this good morning
l1xJpuGJ948-00270-00065127-00065526 allowing myself more than ever before
l1xJpuGJ948-00271-00065527-00065831 to be in the receptive mode the
l1xJpuGJ948-00272-00065832-00066006 receptive mode
l1xJpuGJ948-00273-00066007-00066263 of everything that i've intended
l1xJpuGJ948-00274-00066264-00066479 everything that i've asked for
l1xJpuGJ948-00275-00066480-00066735 everything that i've put into the vortex
l1xJpuGJ948-00276-00066736-00067015 all that i've become
l1xJpuGJ948-00277-00067016-00067406 full alignment with all that i have
l1xJpuGJ948-00278-00067407-00067775 become this is a good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00279-00067776-00068199 this is a new beginning this is a
l1xJpuGJ948-00280-00068200-00068687 new beginning for me
l1xJpuGJ948-00281-00068688-00069271 good morning this is a new day
l1xJpuGJ948-00282-00069272-00069679 today everything in my world
l1xJpuGJ948-00283-00069680-00069975 will respond differently to me than it
l1xJpuGJ948-00284-00069976-00070015 has
l1xJpuGJ948-00285-00070016-00070382 ever before because while i slept
l1xJpuGJ948-00286-00070383-00070687 all momentum subsided and now that i'm
l1xJpuGJ948-00287-00070688-00070871 awake
l1xJpuGJ948-00288-00070872-00071199 i'm taking care to focus in ways that
l1xJpuGJ948-00289-00071200-00071287 will allow
l1xJpuGJ948-00290-00071288-00071599 my receptive mode i know
l1xJpuGJ948-00291-00071600-00071919 that i am an extension of source energy
l1xJpuGJ948-00292-00071920-00072126 and i know that i've come into this
l1xJpuGJ948-00293-00072127-00072487 physical time-space reality with purpose
l1xJpuGJ948-00294-00072488-00072782 and i know that this time-space reality
l1xJpuGJ948-00295-00072783-00072894 has served
l1xJpuGJ948-00296-00072895-00073255 my purpose well i sifted
l1xJpuGJ948-00297-00073256-00073511 and sorted and decided and i've come to
l1xJpuGJ948-00298-00073512-00073582 all
l1xJpuGJ948-00299-00073583-00073838 kinds of conclusions about things that
l1xJpuGJ948-00300-00073839-00074015 are important to me
l1xJpuGJ948-00301-00074016-00074255 and i've put them into my vibrational
l1xJpuGJ948-00302-00074256-00074367 reality
l1xJpuGJ948-00303-00074368-00074655 where they have been tended to by you
l1xJpuGJ948-00304-00074656-00074782 source
l1xJpuGJ948-00305-00074783-00075143 you who is at the basis of my really
l1xJpuGJ948-00306-00075144-00075343 good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00307-00075344-00075647 i like knowing that you are aware of me
l1xJpuGJ948-00308-00075648-00075806 and i like knowing that you will go
l1xJpuGJ948-00309-00075807-00075999 everywhere i go today
l1xJpuGJ948-00310-00076000-00076159 i like knowing that you'll be in on the
l1xJpuGJ948-00311-00076160-00076343 conversations with me
l1xJpuGJ948-00312-00076344-00076471 that you'll be aware of what my
l1xJpuGJ948-00313-00076472-00076662 intentions are
l1xJpuGJ948-00314-00076663-00076815 that you will care about the people that
l1xJpuGJ948-00315-00076816-00076991 i am interacting with
l1xJpuGJ948-00316-00076992-00077103 and that you will know what their
l1xJpuGJ948-00317-00077104-00077382 intentions are i like
l1xJpuGJ948-00318-00077383-00077662 that this broader view that you hold is
l1xJpuGJ948-00319-00077663-00077806 available to me
l1xJpuGJ948-00320-00077807-00078087 and i like that whatever i'm ready for
l1xJpuGJ948-00321-00078088-00078182 now
l1xJpuGJ948-00322-00078183-00078503 i will feel an impulse about
l1xJpuGJ948-00323-00078504-00078950 this is a really good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00324-00078951-00079311 as i move through this day
l1xJpuGJ948-00325-00079312-00079687 contrast will still exist
l1xJpuGJ948-00326-00079688-00079999 and from it i will find more things that
l1xJpuGJ948-00327-00080000-00080175 i desire
l1xJpuGJ948-00328-00080176-00080487 i know that in this really good day that
l1xJpuGJ948-00329-00080488-00080719 those contrasting experiences
l1xJpuGJ948-00330-00080720-00081006 are not me being off my path but still
l1xJpuGJ948-00331-00081007-00081047 being
l1xJpuGJ948-00332-00081048-00081350 on my path i embrace the contrast that
l1xJpuGJ948-00333-00081351-00081487 comes today
l1xJpuGJ948-00334-00081488-00081703 and i keep it in perspective because i
l1xJpuGJ948-00335-00081704-00081791 understand
l1xJpuGJ948-00336-00081792-00082071 that it's not me leaving my path i
l1xJpuGJ948-00337-00082072-00082215 understand it's me still
l1xJpuGJ948-00338-00082216-00082526 on my path doing what i intended when i
l1xJpuGJ948-00339-00082527-00082591 came
l1xJpuGJ948-00340-00082592-00082894 into this time-space reality so i'll
l1xJpuGJ948-00341-00082895-00082943 sift
l1xJpuGJ948-00342-00082944-00083175 and i'll sort and i'll come to get new
l1xJpuGJ948-00343-00083176-00083367 awarenesses of what i want
l1xJpuGJ948-00344-00083368-00083591 and all day i will be keenly aware of
l1xJpuGJ948-00345-00083592-00083782 the way i feel
l1xJpuGJ948-00346-00083783-00084111 i expect that in this day i will feel
l1xJpuGJ948-00347-00084112-00084215 good
l1xJpuGJ948-00348-00084216-00084535 all day long good within contrast
l1xJpuGJ948-00349-00084536-00084718 because i understand it
l1xJpuGJ948-00350-00084719-00084950 good with my deliberate attention of
l1xJpuGJ948-00351-00084951-00085191 focus because i understand that
l1xJpuGJ948-00352-00085192-00085399 better today than ever before because
l1xJpuGJ948-00353-00085400-00085535 i'm consciously
l1xJpuGJ948-00354-00085536-00085759 setting forth my intentions at the
l1xJpuGJ948-00355-00085760-00085903 beginning of this day
l1xJpuGJ948-00356-00085904-00086111 to utilize my guidance system in the way
l1xJpuGJ948-00357-00086112-00086262 that i intended to use it
l1xJpuGJ948-00358-00086263-00086447 when i came into this physical body to
l1xJpuGJ948-00359-00086448-00086871 begin with
l1xJpuGJ948-00360-00086872-00087191 this is a really good day
l1xJpuGJ948-00361-00087192-00087606 my vortex is full of manifested
l1xJpuGJ948-00362-00087607-00087975 potential my vortex
l1xJpuGJ948-00363-00087976-00088350 is a now reality that i can feel my way
l1xJpuGJ948-00364-00088351-00088511 into
l1xJpuGJ948-00365-00088512-00088855 today i intend to feel exhilaration
l1xJpuGJ948-00366-00088856-00089182 about things not yet manifested because
l1xJpuGJ948-00367-00089183-00089206 i
l1xJpuGJ948-00368-00089207-00089575 understand the reality of them
l1xJpuGJ948-00369-00089576-00090072 i now get what true faith is
l1HbXUTCeAI-00003-00010872-00011568 foreign
l1HbXUTCeAI-00004-00011569-00013607 [Music]
l1HbXUTCeAI-00005-00013608-00016439 foreign
l1HbXUTCeAI-00007-00020190-00021317 seriously
l1HbXUTCeAI-00008-00021318-00022421 today
l1HbXUTCeAI-00009-00022422-00024478 foreign
l1HbXUTCeAI-00011-00028194-00029608 foreign
l1HbXUTCeAI-00012-00029610-00030874 [Music]
l1HbXUTCeAI-00014-00034650-00037295 foreign
l1HbXUTCeAI-00015-00037296-00039065 children
l1HbXUTCeAI-00017-00042125-00043139 because on a driver PL identity
l1HbXUTCeAI-00018-00043140-00045755 um
l1HbXUTCeAI-00019-00045756-00046345 therapist doctor nurse amongst
l1HbXUTCeAI-00020-00046346-00047549 the equipment
l1HbXUTCeAI-00022-00051797-00052802 foreign
l1HbXUTCeAI-00023-00052803-00053488 [Music]
l1HbXUTCeAI-00024-00053489-00054252 [Music]
l1HbXUTCeAI-00025-00054253-00054791 [Music]
l1HbXUTCeAI-00026-00054791-00055744 foreign
l1HbXUTCeAI-00027-00055745-00056045 foreign
l9pOi-pvosQ-00000-00000112-00000511 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00001-00000512-00000591 hey guys
l9pOi-pvosQ-00002-00000592-00000991 what's up it's me priscilla uh today i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00003-00000992-00001215 wanted to teach you guys how i make
l9pOi-pvosQ-00004-00001216-00001495 my florals with my pasta pens and my
l9pOi-pvosQ-00005-00001496-00001591 gouache and that's what i'm going to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00006-00001592-00001759 show you with this today
l9pOi-pvosQ-00007-00001760-00001998 here's the example that i made for this
l9pOi-pvosQ-00008-00002000-00002134 video so i'm going to teach you how to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00009-00002135-00002231 draw these
l9pOi-pvosQ-00010-00002232-00002415 and how to accent your drawings just
l9pOi-pvosQ-00011-00002416-00002575 adding a little bit of floral here and
l9pOi-pvosQ-00012-00002576-00002639 there
l9pOi-pvosQ-00013-00002640-00002799 and i'll show you on this as well so
l9pOi-pvosQ-00014-00002800-00002958 let's go ahead and jump in and get
l9pOi-pvosQ-00015-00002959-00003134 started
l9pOi-pvosQ-00016-00003135-00003375 all right the first thing i do is i take
l9pOi-pvosQ-00017-00003376-00003575 like a circular
l9pOi-pvosQ-00018-00003576-00003751 something but i have this awesome
l9pOi-pvosQ-00019-00003752-00003927 protractor and i've had it for a really
l9pOi-pvosQ-00020-00003928-00004095 long time you see you have the different
l9pOi-pvosQ-00021-00004096-00004311 measurements to make a perfect circle
l9pOi-pvosQ-00022-00004312-00004711 or you can just go outside the edge
l9pOi-pvosQ-00023-00004712-00005022 and make and trace that beautiful
l9pOi-pvosQ-00024-00005023-00005086 perfect
l9pOi-pvosQ-00025-00005087-00005470 circle usually when you make
l9pOi-pvosQ-00026-00005471-00005799 floral wreaths or crowns or whatever
l9pOi-pvosQ-00027-00005800-00005983 you kind of want to like whatever your
l9pOi-pvosQ-00028-00005984-00006199 subject is you kind of want to pick
l9pOi-pvosQ-00029-00006200-00006367 which direction your leaves are going to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00030-00006368-00006431 go
l9pOi-pvosQ-00031-00006431-00006655 so for example like let's say i want my
l9pOi-pvosQ-00032-00006656-00006783 leaves to go this way
l9pOi-pvosQ-00033-00006784-00007070 and maybe you would continue making your
l9pOi-pvosQ-00034-00007072-00007206 leaves going this way
l9pOi-pvosQ-00035-00007208-00007527 so when i make my leaves i make them
l9pOi-pvosQ-00036-00007528-00007727 pretty easy looking like that
l9pOi-pvosQ-00037-00007728-00007934 but then i connect them later so then i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00038-00007936-00008063 can go in
l9pOi-pvosQ-00039-00008064-00008374 place where i want my leaves to go and
l9pOi-pvosQ-00040-00008375-00008455 kind of like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00041-00008456-00008655 shaping them up a little bit more so
l9pOi-pvosQ-00042-00008656-00008774 let's say
l9pOi-pvosQ-00043-00008775-00009014 i want my leaves to go this way let's
l9pOi-pvosQ-00044-00009015-00009255 say we want
l9pOi-pvosQ-00045-00009256-00009503 one flower to be at the top and then one
l9pOi-pvosQ-00046-00009504-00009687 bundle flower at the bottom so maybe we
l9pOi-pvosQ-00047-00009688-00009814 got this one or this one
l9pOi-pvosQ-00048-00009815-00009974 you could just choose what you want to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00049-00009975-00010319 do my easy go-to flowers have always
l9pOi-pvosQ-00050-00010320-00010463 been the
l9pOi-pvosQ-00051-00010464-00010646 you know the same little they kind of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00052-00010647-00010855 look like the hawaiian irises
l9pOi-pvosQ-00053-00010856-00011214 you know you make the big five leaf
l9pOi-pvosQ-00054-00011215-00011535 petals i go in and i just kind of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00055-00011536-00011791 make that five-leaf petal and that's
l9pOi-pvosQ-00056-00011792-00012031 always been my go-to kind of thing
l9pOi-pvosQ-00057-00012032-00012255 you know you give yourself a center and
l9pOi-pvosQ-00058-00012256-00012446 then you can go in and add a little bit
l9pOi-pvosQ-00059-00012447-00012551 more
l9pOi-pvosQ-00060-00012552-00012822 to it if you want you just want like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00061-00012823-00013007 different kinds of flowers
l9pOi-pvosQ-00062-00013008-00013175 and of course you can always like google
l9pOi-pvosQ-00063-00013176-00013415 search your favorite kind of flowers
l9pOi-pvosQ-00064-00013416-00013855 so with each one you can kind of go in
l9pOi-pvosQ-00065-00013856-00014263 and add little pizzazz to it so you see
l9pOi-pvosQ-00066-00014263-00014551 i just add my little pizzazz whatever
l9pOi-pvosQ-00067-00014552-00014815 you want to like indentions
l9pOi-pvosQ-00068-00014816-00015103 let's say like up here i want to do a
l9pOi-pvosQ-00069-00015104-00015255 bunch of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00070-00015256-00015558 roses so maybe i'll grab
l9pOi-pvosQ-00071-00015559-00016086 my protractor again and make
l9pOi-pvosQ-00072-00016087-00016335 my typical roses i'll use my perfect
l9pOi-pvosQ-00073-00016336-00016503 little circles
l9pOi-pvosQ-00074-00016504-00016855 to kind of help me out
l9pOi-pvosQ-00075-00016856-00017047 all right so i've got like these three
l9pOi-pvosQ-00076-00017048-00017158 little roses
l9pOi-pvosQ-00077-00017159-00017415 so these are kind of easy for me it's
l9pOi-pvosQ-00078-00017416-00017567 different for everyone like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00079-00017568-00017758 you pick an area like let's say i'm
l9pOi-pvosQ-00080-00017759-00017937 going to make a diamond right here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00081-00017938-00018103 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00082-00018104-00018279 so diamond shape you kind of pick this
l9pOi-pvosQ-00083-00018280-00018430 area right here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00084-00018431-00018575 and then you kind of bounce off the
l9pOi-pvosQ-00085-00018576-00018783 corners almost like it's a game so if i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00086-00018784-00018999 go from here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00087-00019000-00019367 to there to there and i start to curve
l9pOi-pvosQ-00088-00019368-00019455 inward like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00089-00019456-00019655 let's say i go back over into this
l9pOi-pvosQ-00090-00019656-00019894 corner then since i'm coming to a middle
l9pOi-pvosQ-00091-00019895-00020094 i'll kind of like curve it off like that
l9pOi-pvosQ-00092-00020095-00020375 so they're very angular looking roses
l9pOi-pvosQ-00093-00020376-00020583 you can kind of come in and soften those
l9pOi-pvosQ-00094-00020584-00020793 corners later
l9pOi-pvosQ-00095-00020794-00021078 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00096-00021079-00021311 then you can build up off of these you
l9pOi-pvosQ-00097-00021312-00021399 still want to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00098-00021400-00021686 keep the circles so let's say i go like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00099-00021687-00022055 this and i bring out this side
l9pOi-pvosQ-00100-00022056-00022503 bring out this side
l9pOi-pvosQ-00101-00022504-00022735 bring out here so you kind of like play
l9pOi-pvosQ-00102-00022736-00022839 off of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00103-00022840-00023263 so from this corner and this corner
l9pOi-pvosQ-00104-00023264-00023590 and you want to get in the middle of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00105-00023591-00023883 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00106-00023884-00024067 petals
l9pOi-pvosQ-00107-00024068-00025367 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00108-00025368-00025734 so that kind of makes that
l9pOi-pvosQ-00109-00025735-00026039 rose all together done
l9pOi-pvosQ-00110-00026039-00026351 now you could since you could go ahead
l9pOi-pvosQ-00111-00026352-00026687 and erase this part now or you could do
l9pOi-pvosQ-00112-00026688-00026846 it later until you're all done so you
l9pOi-pvosQ-00113-00026847-00026895 could
l9pOi-pvosQ-00114-00026895-00027223 erase this upper part this outer part of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00115-00027224-00027302 that circle
l9pOi-pvosQ-00116-00027304-00027527 you see you've got that little rose now
l9pOi-pvosQ-00117-00027527-00027687 you could do this again so let's say i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00118-00027688-00027751 want to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00119-00027752-00028070 make my diamond over here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00120-00028072-00028239 so i'm gonna make my diamond over here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00121-00028239-00028431 once again you're gonna play that little
l9pOi-pvosQ-00122-00028432-00028558 game like that pong
l9pOi-pvosQ-00123-00028560-00028743 game they used to play back in the good
l9pOi-pvosQ-00124-00028744-00029039 old days go from here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00125-00029039-00029795 here there and then kind of close it off
l9pOi-pvosQ-00126-00029797-00031023 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00127-00031024-00031455 this mark right here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00128-00031456-00031767 all right i'm going to jump over here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00129-00031768-00031904 make this mark
l9pOi-pvosQ-00130-00031905-00032335 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00131-00032336-00032679 bring this one around here still trying
l9pOi-pvosQ-00132-00032680-00032967 to keep inside that circle
l9pOi-pvosQ-00133-00032968-00033511 here big one here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00134-00033512-00034311 another one here another one here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00135-00034312-00035231 you can go in soften those edges
l9pOi-pvosQ-00136-00035232-00035431 and then let's say all right we did all
l9pOi-pvosQ-00137-00035432-00035615 this other direction i'm gonna jump over
l9pOi-pvosQ-00138-00035616-00035855 to this one make the
l9pOi-pvosQ-00139-00035856-00036983 diamond more in the middle
l9pOi-pvosQ-00140-00036984-00038062 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00141-00038063-00038239 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00142-00038240-00038415 you can go and get rid of those circles
l9pOi-pvosQ-00143-00038416-00038630 or when you're lining it later
l9pOi-pvosQ-00144-00038631-00038983 now really really important thing is to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00145-00038984-00039199 just like cover these roses with you
l9pOi-pvosQ-00146-00039200-00039343 want to make these different kind of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00147-00039344-00039487 leaves like you can make
l9pOi-pvosQ-00148-00039488-00039662 really bigger leaves and you want them
l9pOi-pvosQ-00149-00039663-00039927 to be different from this size over here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00150-00039928-00040055 so let's say i'm going to do these
l9pOi-pvosQ-00151-00040056-00040271 really big leaves here kind of bring
l9pOi-pvosQ-00152-00040272-00040471 this one down
l9pOi-pvosQ-00153-00040472-00040799 bring this one over here bring this
l9pOi-pvosQ-00154-00040800-00041111 one over here
l9pOi-pvosQ-00155-00041112-00041318 go this way and that one's gonna go this
l9pOi-pvosQ-00156-00041319-00041479 way
l9pOi-pvosQ-00157-00041480-00041679 so all kinds of different directions for
l9pOi-pvosQ-00158-00041680-00041887 the leaves as long as your roses are
l9pOi-pvosQ-00159-00041888-00042046 your focal point
l9pOi-pvosQ-00160-00042047-00042351 let's jump back down to this guy
l9pOi-pvosQ-00161-00042352-00042607 so i did my typical five flower like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00162-00042608-00042799 five petal flower
l9pOi-pvosQ-00163-00042800-00043007 right you can kind of go in here and you
l9pOi-pvosQ-00164-00043008-00043279 could add these colors later
l9pOi-pvosQ-00165-00043280-00043518 but to kind of show like that petal flip
l9pOi-pvosQ-00166-00043519-00043607 because most petals
l9pOi-pvosQ-00167-00043608-00043855 kind of flip or they go outwards but for
l9pOi-pvosQ-00168-00043856-00044030 this one let's just make like a petal
l9pOi-pvosQ-00169-00044031-00044183 flip
l9pOi-pvosQ-00170-00044184-00044511 so you can go in
l9pOi-pvosQ-00171-00044512-00044718 add those little petal flips here and
l9pOi-pvosQ-00172-00044719-00044846 there
l9pOi-pvosQ-00173-00044847-00045167 make longer pieces like those indentions
l9pOi-pvosQ-00174-00045168-00045307 in the flowers
l9pOi-pvosQ-00175-00045308-00046335 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00176-00046336-00046958 make my center more of the center
l9pOi-pvosQ-00177-00046959-00047223 then you can go in and add your leaves
l9pOi-pvosQ-00178-00047224-00047318 surrounding
l9pOi-pvosQ-00179-00047319-00047743 your bigger flower
l9pOi-pvosQ-00180-00047744-00048079 you could do little flowers surrounding
l9pOi-pvosQ-00181-00048080-00048286 let's say for this one i'm going to like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00182-00048287-00048471 break it up into sections so we start
l9pOi-pvosQ-00183-00048472-00048639 from the middle
l9pOi-pvosQ-00184-00048640-00049415 break it out going this way
l9pOi-pvosQ-00185-00049416-00049615 kind of gives it a cool effect when you
l9pOi-pvosQ-00186-00049616-00050174 color it in later
l9pOi-pvosQ-00187-00050175-00050462 now let's go back to the point where we
l9pOi-pvosQ-00188-00050463-00050551 had like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00189-00050552-00050815 our little leaves so let's keep
l9pOi-pvosQ-00190-00050816-00051023 continuing like our little leaves are
l9pOi-pvosQ-00191-00051024-00051202 going to go this way
l9pOi-pvosQ-00192-00051203-00051614 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00193-00051615-00051775 you wouldn't just sketch them out and
l9pOi-pvosQ-00194-00051776-00051984 you can attach them later
l9pOi-pvosQ-00195-00051985-00052294 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00196-00052295-00052542 let's do something different with the
l9pOi-pvosQ-00197-00052544-00052871 roses so let's say i want to make
l9pOi-pvosQ-00198-00052872-00053247 like vines going this way
l9pOi-pvosQ-00199-00053248-00053654 and vine's going this way
l9pOi-pvosQ-00200-00053655-00053847 now that's where you could add like your
l9pOi-pvosQ-00201-00053848-00054054 leaves jumping off this one
l9pOi-pvosQ-00202-00054055-00054223 you want to keep them going in the right
l9pOi-pvosQ-00203-00054224-00054682 direction and see how i just kind of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00204-00054683-00055094 like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00205-00055095-00055303 and i'll make these nice and neat in a
l9pOi-pvosQ-00206-00055304-00055409 bit
l9pOi-pvosQ-00207-00055410-00056007 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00208-00056008-00056263 you can't go wrong with making these
l9pOi-pvosQ-00209-00056264-00056311 it's
l9pOi-pvosQ-00210-00056312-00056615 just a part of the imagination
l9pOi-pvosQ-00211-00056616-00056782 there's plenty of ways there's simple
l9pOi-pvosQ-00212-00056783-00056959 ways i've learned from books
l9pOi-pvosQ-00213-00056960-00057259 pinterest looking at different pieces of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00214-00057260-00057399 decorations
l9pOi-pvosQ-00215-00057400-00057711 all these people use these floral wreath
l9pOi-pvosQ-00216-00057712-00057935 inspirations first thing you want to do
l9pOi-pvosQ-00217-00057936-00058103 when it comes to your floral wreaths
l9pOi-pvosQ-00218-00058104-00058238 when you're coloring
l9pOi-pvosQ-00219-00058239-00058366 now that i've got everything kind of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00220-00058367-00058550 sketched out i can kind of go in there
l9pOi-pvosQ-00221-00058551-00058726 and kind of shape it up a little bit
l9pOi-pvosQ-00222-00058727-00058815 more
l9pOi-pvosQ-00223-00058816-00059119 you want to go ahead and either pick out
l9pOi-pvosQ-00224-00059120-00059366 what you want to use so i'll do posca
l9pOi-pvosQ-00225-00059367-00059582 pens down here and gouache on top
l9pOi-pvosQ-00226-00059583-00059775 what you want to do is establish your
l9pOi-pvosQ-00227-00059776-00059919 base color so you want
l9pOi-pvosQ-00228-00059920-00060271 your base matte colors and using gouache
l9pOi-pvosQ-00229-00060272-00060519 or pasta pens or paint pens in general
l9pOi-pvosQ-00230-00060520-00060615 will create
l9pOi-pvosQ-00231-00060616-00060806 that kind of matte color so everything's
l9pOi-pvosQ-00232-00060807-00060950 going to be a little bit
l9pOi-pvosQ-00233-00060951-00061199 flat like this so we're going to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00234-00061200-00061294 establish
l9pOi-pvosQ-00235-00061295-00061606 base mono tone colors
l9pOi-pvosQ-00236-00061607-00061766 number one so let's start with this one
l9pOi-pvosQ-00237-00061767-00063421 and we'll pick a nice pasta pen
l9pOi-pvosQ-00238-00063422-00064504 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00239-00064505-00065185 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00240-00065186-00067282 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00241-00067283-00067606 do
l9pOi-pvosQ-00243-00071389-00072168 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00244-00072169-00072871 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00245-00072872-00073182 come on man what
l9pOi-pvosQ-00246-00073183-00073559 i want to go to the new land
l9pOi-pvosQ-00247-00073560-00073831 okay sure let's go right now oh we can't
l9pOi-pvosQ-00248-00073832-00073894 they're close
l9pOi-pvosQ-00249-00073895-00074247 oh okay so as you can see we went ahead
l9pOi-pvosQ-00250-00074248-00074311 and we
l9pOi-pvosQ-00251-00074312-00074671 i established my monotone first layers
l9pOi-pvosQ-00252-00074672-00074823 whatever they're going to be
l9pOi-pvosQ-00253-00074824-00075079 and going around and kind of erasing
l9pOi-pvosQ-00254-00075080-00075159 around
l9pOi-pvosQ-00255-00075160-00075359 where you wanted to be or different
l9pOi-pvosQ-00256-00075360-00075575 plans wait till it's completely dry
l9pOi-pvosQ-00257-00075576-00075806 can i go in i'm gonna pick up just a
l9pOi-pvosQ-00258-00075807-00076135 little bit
l9pOi-pvosQ-00259-00076136-00076455 off of my petals
l9pOi-pvosQ-00260-00076456-00076782 erase here too
l9pOi-pvosQ-00261-00076783-00076943 all right now this is where i would go
l9pOi-pvosQ-00262-00076944-00077126 in and kind of
l9pOi-pvosQ-00263-00077127-00077455 do second layers and second colors so
l9pOi-pvosQ-00264-00077456-00077606 with the second colors you see that i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00265-00077607-00077655 left
l9pOi-pvosQ-00266-00077656-00077950 like spaces here and space is here to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00267-00077951-00078175 establish my lines i'll probably go back
l9pOi-pvosQ-00268-00078176-00078238 in
l9pOi-pvosQ-00269-00078239-00078438 i'll switch with these this is a darker
l9pOi-pvosQ-00270-00078439-00078599 pink and then here's a lighter pink
l9pOi-pvosQ-00271-00078600-00078791 and i'll probably switch line this with
l9pOi-pvosQ-00272-00078792-00078919 the darker pink
l9pOi-pvosQ-00273-00078920-00079111 and then line this with the lighter pink
l9pOi-pvosQ-00274-00079112-00079287 and you'll see that in a second
l9pOi-pvosQ-00275-00079288-00079582 but for this one now i'm going to go in
l9pOi-pvosQ-00276-00079583-00079759 and for the leaves you kind of want to
l9pOi-pvosQ-00277-00079760-00080062 try to switch it up just a bit so if i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00278-00080063-00080182 take like my dark
l9pOi-pvosQ-00279-00080183-00080503 green and i want to go in and let's say
l9pOi-pvosQ-00280-00080504-00080647 that i want to make it like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00281-00080648-00080950 a dual colored
l9pOi-pvosQ-00282-00080951-00081199 leaf so i can go in and i can fill in
l9pOi-pvosQ-00283-00081200-00081423 like half of that underneath
l9pOi-pvosQ-00284-00081424-00081775 and i could do that all the way through
l9pOi-pvosQ-00285-00081776-00082175 the entire leaf
l9pOi-pvosQ-00286-00082176-00082359 like the leaves going up this way like i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00287-00082360-00082711 could even just do as simple as that
l9pOi-pvosQ-00288-00082712-00082959 and that's it it's totally up to you how
l9pOi-pvosQ-00289-00082960-00083231 you want it to go
l9pOi-pvosQ-00290-00083232-00083399 you could color it in you could leave it
l9pOi-pvosQ-00291-00083400-00083466 open
l9pOi-pvosQ-00292-00083467-00083735 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00293-00083736-00083959 and then let's say for this one i want
l9pOi-pvosQ-00294-00083960-00084231 to go in
l9pOi-pvosQ-00295-00084232-00084615 line the back and top and establish
l9pOi-pvosQ-00296-00084616-00085023 where the divisions of that leaf
l9pOi-pvosQ-00297-00085024-00085343 is so i go in and i fill it in like that
l9pOi-pvosQ-00298-00085344-00085559 kind of gives it a cool little hawaiian
l9pOi-pvosQ-00299-00085560-00086126 looking vibe to it
l9pOi-pvosQ-00300-00086127-00086367 maybe darken up this side right here so
l9pOi-pvosQ-00301-00086368-00086550 you can make it nice and dark a thicker
l9pOi-pvosQ-00302-00086551-00087277 line at the bottom
l9pOi-pvosQ-00303-00087278-00087718 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00304-00087719-00088094 and then that's when i would start
l9pOi-pvosQ-00305-00088095-00088167 jumping in
l9pOi-pvosQ-00306-00088168-00088438 and start filling in more colors and
l9pOi-pvosQ-00307-00088439-00089948 establishing my second color
l9pOi-pvosQ-00309-00093731-00094510 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00311-00097710-00098388 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00313-00104379-00105153 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00315-00108249-00109031 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00316-00109032-00110683 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00317-00110683-00111234 do
l9pOi-pvosQ-00318-00111235-00112390 [Music]
l9pOi-pvosQ-00319-00112391-00112734 now i'm going to show you in the next
l9pOi-pvosQ-00320-00112735-00112990 part of this video how i would use
l9pOi-pvosQ-00321-00112991-00113102 gouache
l9pOi-pvosQ-00322-00113103-00113431 as a background floral kind of thing
l9pOi-pvosQ-00323-00113432-00113671 now i use this floral project when i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00324-00113672-00113878 just want to you know make stuff look
l9pOi-pvosQ-00325-00113879-00114151 extra pretty if it's you know i've got
l9pOi-pvosQ-00326-00114152-00114319 like my main sketch like here for
l9pOi-pvosQ-00327-00114320-00114399 example
l9pOi-pvosQ-00328-00114400-00114590 here's the fairy godmother from disney
l9pOi-pvosQ-00329-00114591-00114727 cinderella and
l9pOi-pvosQ-00330-00114728-00114854 i just wanted to make it look a little
l9pOi-pvosQ-00331-00114855-00115078 bit more special so i added a little bit
l9pOi-pvosQ-00332-00115079-00115175 more
l9pOi-pvosQ-00333-00115176-00115439 zing and pep by adding some gouache
l9pOi-pvosQ-00334-00115440-00115615 flowers just like it's not really a
l9pOi-pvosQ-00335-00115616-00115734 flower crown
l9pOi-pvosQ-00336-00115735-00116071 but it's kind of hugging the subject
l9pOi-pvosQ-00337-00116072-00116239 of the art piece in a way and when i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00338-00116240-00116478 mean hugging it's like
l9pOi-pvosQ-00339-00116479-00116710 just being around it and drawing your
l9pOi-pvosQ-00340-00116711-00116951 attention to the main focal point which
l9pOi-pvosQ-00342-00124408-00124702 for the next part after we're done with
l9pOi-pvosQ-00343-00124703-00124799 fairy godmother
l9pOi-pvosQ-00344-00124800-00124958 i went ahead and if you've seen the
l9pOi-pvosQ-00345-00124959-00125214 tutorial on anna and the sketchy
l9pOi-pvosQ-00346-00125215-00125366 technique i taught you how to do this
l9pOi-pvosQ-00347-00125367-00125527 watercolor sketchy
l9pOi-pvosQ-00348-00125528-00125758 technique um that i've been using on my
l9pOi-pvosQ-00349-00125759-00125854 instagram
l9pOi-pvosQ-00350-00125855-00126239 so with anna you see that i am using
l9pOi-pvosQ-00351-00126240-00126423 just pasta pins and instead of doing
l9pOi-pvosQ-00352-00126424-00126678 like a floral crown or a floral wreath i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00353-00126679-00126854 did a square instead
l9pOi-pvosQ-00354-00126855-00127054 and this just kind of shows like i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00355-00127055-00127214 didn't want to do the autumn leaves i
l9pOi-pvosQ-00356-00127215-00127407 wanted to do more of like leaves that
l9pOi-pvosQ-00357-00127408-00127463 were
l9pOi-pvosQ-00358-00127464-00127710 related to her crown and to her outfit
l9pOi-pvosQ-00359-00127711-00127878 and to aarondell in general so that's
l9pOi-pvosQ-00360-00127879-00128063 what i'm using the pasta pens for
l9pOi-pvosQ-00361-00128064-00128383 and there you go there is how i use my
l9pOi-pvosQ-00362-00128383-00128599 pasta pens and my gouache to make some
l9pOi-pvosQ-00363-00128600-00128783 floral looking wreaths
l9pOi-pvosQ-00364-00128783-00128990 they're fun ways to accent your drawings
l9pOi-pvosQ-00365-00128991-00129102 if you don't want to do an entire
l9pOi-pvosQ-00366-00129103-00129175 background
l9pOi-pvosQ-00367-00129176-00129327 it's always nice just throw in a little
l9pOi-pvosQ-00368-00129328-00129486 bit of floral here and there
l9pOi-pvosQ-00369-00129488-00129671 i hope you guys enjoyed this fun
l9pOi-pvosQ-00370-00129672-00130283 tutorial and i will see you all later
l9pOi-pvosQ-00371-00130283-00131239 bye
l9pOi-pvosQ-00372-00131240-00131448 you
l9yAAJBDcsI-00000-00000007-00000319 the Hershey Company known until April
l9yAAJBDcsI-00001-00000320-00000611 2005 as the Hershey foods corporation
l9yAAJBDcsI-00002-00000612-00000853 commonly called Hershey's is an American
l9yAAJBDcsI-00003-00000855-00001058 company and one of the largest chocolate
l9yAAJBDcsI-00004-00001059-00001340 manufacturers in the world it also
l9yAAJBDcsI-00005-00001341-00001547 manufactures baked products such as
l9yAAJBDcsI-00006-00001548-00001826 cookies cakes milkshake drinks and many
l9yAAJBDcsI-00007-00001827-00002164 more which increase its variety of range
l9yAAJBDcsI-00008-00002165-00002399 its headquarters are in Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00009-00002400-00002642 Pennsylvania which is also home to
l9yAAJBDcsI-00010-00002643-00002798 Hershey Park and Hershey's chocolate
l9yAAJBDcsI-00011-00002799-00003142 world it was founded by Milton s Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00012-00003143-00003440 in 1894 as the Hershey Chocolate Company
l9yAAJBDcsI-00013-00003440-00003713 a subsidiary of his Lancaster caramel
l9yAAJBDcsI-00014-00003714-00004025 company the Hershey trust company owns a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00015-00004026-00004261 minority stake but retains a majority of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00016-00004262-00004460 the voting power within the company
l9yAAJBDcsI-00017-00004461-00004670 Hershey's chocolate is available across
l9yAAJBDcsI-00018-00004671-00004865 the United States due to their wide
l9yAAJBDcsI-00019-00004866-00005020 network of distribution
l9yAAJBDcsI-00020-00005021-00005279 they have three mega distribution
l9yAAJBDcsI-00021-00005280-00005504 centers with modern technology and labor
l9yAAJBDcsI-00022-00005505-00005822 management systems Hershey's products
l9yAAJBDcsI-00023-00005823-00006059 are sold in over 60 countries worldwide
l9yAAJBDcsI-00024-00006060-00006329 in addition Hershey is a member of the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00025-00006330-00006620 world cocoa Foundation it is also
l9yAAJBDcsI-00026-00006620-00006881 associated with the Hershey Park Stadium
l9yAAJBDcsI-00027-00006881-00007484 and the giant Center
l9yAAJBDcsI-00028-00007484-00008330 topic history
l9yAAJBDcsI-00029-00008331-00008856 topic early years
l9yAAJBDcsI-00030-00008857-00009039 after an apprenticeship to a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00031-00009040-00009372 confectioner in 1873 Milton s her she
l9yAAJBDcsI-00032-00009373-00009612 founded a candy shop in Philadelphia
l9yAAJBDcsI-00033-00009613-00009924 this candy shop was only open for six
l9yAAJBDcsI-00034-00009925-00010125 years after which her she apprenticed
l9yAAJBDcsI-00035-00010126-00010314 with another confectioner in Denver
l9yAAJBDcsI-00036-00010315-00010590 where he learned to make caramel after
l9yAAJBDcsI-00037-00010591-00010785 another failed business attempt in New
l9yAAJBDcsI-00038-00010786-00010833 York
l9yAAJBDcsI-00039-00010834-00011049 Hershey returned to Pennsylvania where
l9yAAJBDcsI-00040-00011050-00011364 in 1886 he founded the Lancaster caramel
l9yAAJBDcsI-00041-00011365-00011619 company the use of fresh milk in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00042-00011620-00011937 caramels proved successful and in 1900
l9yAAJBDcsI-00043-00011938-00012144 after seeing chocolate making machines
l9yAAJBDcsI-00044-00012145-00012387 for the first time at the 1893 World's
l9yAAJBDcsI-00045-00012388-00012696 Columbian Exposition in Chicago Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00046-00012697-00012960 sold his caramel company for $1,000,000
l9yAAJBDcsI-00047-00012961-00013155 equal to twenty nine million four
l9yAAJBDcsI-00048-00013156-00013359 hundred and sixty four thousand dollars
l9yAAJBDcsI-00049-00013360-00013563 today and began to concentrate on
l9yAAJBDcsI-00050-00013563-00013779 chocolate manufacturing stating two
l9yAAJBDcsI-00051-00013780-00014034 people who questioned him caramels are
l9yAAJBDcsI-00052-00014035-00014294 just a fad but chocolate is a permanent
l9yAAJBDcsI-00053-00014295-00014781 thing in 1896 Milton built a milk
l9yAAJBDcsI-00054-00014782-00015009 processing plant so he could create and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00055-00015010-00015207 refine a recipe for milk chocolate
l9yAAJBDcsI-00056-00015208-00015603 candies in 1899 he developed the Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00057-00015604-00015855 process which is less sensitive to milk
l9yAAJBDcsI-00058-00015856-00016244 quality than traditional methods in 1900
l9yAAJBDcsI-00059-00016245-00016472 he began manufacturing Hershey's milk
l9yAAJBDcsI-00060-00016473-00016694 chocolate bars also called Hershey's
l9yAAJBDcsI-00061-00016695-00017308 bars or Hershey bars
l9yAAJBDcsI-00062-00017309-00018041 topic Hershey Pennsylvania in 1903
l9yAAJBDcsI-00063-00018042-00018272 Hershey began construction of a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00064-00018273-00018433 chocolate plant in his home town of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00065-00018434-00018680 Derry Church Pennsylvania which later
l9yAAJBDcsI-00066-00018681-00018919 came to be known as Hershey Pennsylvania
l9yAAJBDcsI-00067-00018920-00019214 the town was an inexpensive place for
l9yAAJBDcsI-00068-00019215-00019382 the workers and their families to live
l9yAAJBDcsI-00069-00019383-00019607 however the factory itself was built
l9yAAJBDcsI-00070-00019608-00019832 without windows so that employees would
l9yAAJBDcsI-00071-00019833-00020132 not be distracted to increase employee
l9yAAJBDcsI-00072-00020133-00020183 morale
l9yAAJBDcsI-00073-00020184-00020435 Milton provided leisure activities and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00074-00020436-00020624 created what would later become Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00075-00020625-00020846 Park to make sure the citizens enjoyed
l9yAAJBDcsI-00076-00020847-00021116 themselves the milk chocolate bars
l9yAAJBDcsI-00077-00021117-00021311 manufactured at this plant proved
l9yAAJBDcsI-00078-00021312-00021999 popular and the company grew rapidly
l9yAAJBDcsI-00079-00022000-00022735 topic Hershey's Kisses in 1907 he
l9yAAJBDcsI-00080-00022736-00022960 introduced a new candy bite-sized
l9yAAJBDcsI-00081-00022961-00023212 flat-bottomed conical shaped pieces of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00082-00023213-00023514 chocolate that he named Hershey's kiss
l9yAAJBDcsI-00083-00023515-00023755 initially they were individually wrapped
l9yAAJBDcsI-00084-00023756-00023998 by hand in squares of aluminum foil and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00085-00023999-00024216 the introduction of machine wrapping in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00086-00024217-00024526 1921 simplified the process while adding
l9yAAJBDcsI-00087-00024527-00024721 the small paper ribbon to the top of the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00088-00024722-00024886 package to indicate that it was a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00089-00024887-00025234 genuine Hershey product today 80 million
l9yAAJBDcsI-00090-00025235-00025396 of the candies are produced each day
l9yAAJBDcsI-00091-00025397-00025699 other products introduced included mr.
l9yAAJBDcsI-00092-00025700-00026068 Goodbar 1925 containing peanuts in milk
l9yAAJBDcsI-00093-00026069-00026344 chocolate Hershey's syrup 1926
l9yAAJBDcsI-00094-00026345-00026674 semi-sweet chocolate chips 1928 and the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00095-00026675-00027479 crackle bar containing crisped rice 1938
l9yAAJBDcsI-00096-00027480-00028045 topic unionization
l9yAAJBDcsI-00097-00028045-00028324 labor unrest came to hershy in the late
l9yAAJBDcsI-00098-00028325-00028537 1930s as a Congress of Industrial
l9yAAJBDcsI-00099-00028538-00028830 Organizations backed Union attempted to
l9yAAJBDcsI-00100-00028831-00029127 organize the factory workers a failed
l9yAAJBDcsI-00101-00029128-00029430 sit-down strike in 1937 ended in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00102-00029431-00029649 violence as loyalist workers and local
l9yAAJBDcsI-00103-00029650-00029889 dairy farmers beat many of the strikers
l9yAAJBDcsI-00104-00029891-00030183 as they attempted to leave the plant by
l9yAAJBDcsI-00105-00030183-00030393 1940 an affiliate of the American
l9yAAJBDcsI-00106-00030394-00030664 Federation of Labor had successfully
l9yAAJBDcsI-00107-00030664-00030855 organized Hershey's workers under the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00108-00030856-00031060 leadership of John Shearer who became
l9yAAJBDcsI-00109-00031061-00031258 the first president of local chapter
l9yAAJBDcsI-00110-00031258-00031612 number 464 of the bakery confectionery
l9yAAJBDcsI-00111-00031613-00031810 tobacco workers and grain Millers
l9yAAJBDcsI-00112-00031811-00032257 International Union Local 464 still
l9yAAJBDcsI-00113-00032258-00032664 represents the Hershey workforce topic
l9yAAJBDcsI-00114-00032666-00032899 Eminem's shortly before World War two
l9yAAJBDcsI-00115-00032900-00033145 Bruce Murray son of longtime Hershey's
l9yAAJBDcsI-00116-00033146-00033393 president William F Armory struck a deal
l9yAAJBDcsI-00117-00033394-00033589 with Forrest Mars to create a hard
l9yAAJBDcsI-00118-00033590-00033762 sugar-coated chocolate that would be
l9yAAJBDcsI-00119-00033763-00034111 called M&Ms for Mars and Marie Marie had
l9yAAJBDcsI-00120-00034112-00034362 20% interest in the confection which
l9yAAJBDcsI-00121-00034363-00034539 used Hershey chocolate during the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00122-00034540-00034851 rationing era during World War two in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00123-00034852-00035164 1948 Mars bought out Murray's interest
l9yAAJBDcsI-00124-00035165-00035332 and became one of Hershey's main
l9yAAJBDcsI-00125-00035333-00035879 competitors
l9yAAJBDcsI-00126-00035880-00036412 topic 21st century
l9yAAJBDcsI-00127-00036413-00036800 in June 2006 Philadelphia City
l9yAAJBDcsI-00128-00036801-00037016 Councilman Juan Ramos called for
l9yAAJBDcsI-00129-00037017-00037289 hershey's to stop marketing icebreakers
l9yAAJBDcsI-00130-00037290-00037557 packs a kind of mint due to the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00131-00037558-00037763 resemblance of its packaging to a kind
l9yAAJBDcsI-00132-00037764-00037932 that was used for illegal street drugs
l9yAAJBDcsI-00133-00037933-00038342 in September 2006 ABC News reported that
l9yAAJBDcsI-00134-00038343-00038552 several Hershey chocolate products were
l9yAAJBDcsI-00135-00038553-00038768 reformulated to replace cocoa butter
l9yAAJBDcsI-00136-00038769-00039013 with vegetable oil as an emulsifier
l9yAAJBDcsI-00137-00039014-00039285 according to the company this change was
l9yAAJBDcsI-00138-00039286-00039485 made to reduce the costs of producing
l9yAAJBDcsI-00139-00039486-00039662 the products instead of raising their
l9yAAJBDcsI-00140-00039663-00039974 prices or decreasing the sizes some
l9yAAJBDcsI-00141-00039975-00040166 consumers complained that the taste was
l9yAAJBDcsI-00142-00040167-00040379 different but the company stated that in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00143-00040380-00040610 the company sponsored blind taste tests
l9yAAJBDcsI-00144-00040611-00040826 about half of consumers preferred the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00145-00040827-00041129 new versions as the new versions no
l9yAAJBDcsI-00146-00041130-00041279 longer met the Food and Drug
l9yAAJBDcsI-00147-00041280-00041504 Administration's official definition of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00148-00041505-00041819 milk chocolate the changed items were
l9yAAJBDcsI-00149-00041820-00042065 relabeled from stating they were milk
l9yAAJBDcsI-00150-00042066-00042458 chocolate and made with chocolate -
l9yAAJBDcsI-00151-00042459-00042938 chocolate candy and chocolaty in April
l9yAAJBDcsI-00152-00042939-00043223 2014 the Hershey chocolate plant on East
l9yAAJBDcsI-00153-00043224-00043385 chocolate Avenue in Hershey Pennsylvania
l9yAAJBDcsI-00154-00043386-00043655 was demolished to make way for mixed use
l9yAAJBDcsI-00155-00043656-00043931 development a 2016 attempt to sell
l9yAAJBDcsI-00156-00043932-00044148 Hershey to manda Lee's international was
l9yAAJBDcsI-00157-00044149-00044324 scuttled because of objections by the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00158-00044325-00044890 Hershey trust
l9yAAJBDcsI-00159-00044891-00045477 topic Reese's peanut butter cups
l9yAAJBDcsI-00160-00045478-00045770 Harry Burnett Reese invented Reese's
l9yAAJBDcsI-00161-00045771-00046033 peanut butter cups after founding the HB
l9yAAJBDcsI-00162-00046034-00046490 Reese candy company in 1923 Reese died
l9yAAJBDcsI-00163-00046491-00046823 on May 16th 1956 in West Palm Beach
l9yAAJBDcsI-00164-00046824-00047060 Florida leaving the company to his six
l9yAAJBDcsI-00165-00047061-00047624 sons on July 2nd 1963 the HB Reese candy
l9yAAJBDcsI-00166-00047625-00047818 company was acquired by the Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00167-00047819-00048026 Chocolate Corporation in a tax-free
l9yAAJBDcsI-00168-00048027-00048482 stock 4 stock merger in 2017 after 54
l9yAAJBDcsI-00169-00048483-00048715 years of stock splits the original six
l9yAAJBDcsI-00170-00048716-00049033 hundred and sixty-six thousand 316
l9yAAJBDcsI-00171-00049034-00049262 shares of Hershey common stock received
l9yAAJBDcsI-00172-00049263-00049511 by the Reese family represented 16
l9yAAJBDcsI-00173-00049512-00049721 million her she shares valued at over
l9yAAJBDcsI-00174-00049722-00050005 1.8 billion dollars that pay annual cash
l9yAAJBDcsI-00175-00050006-00050464 dividends of 42 million dollars in 1969
l9yAAJBDcsI-00176-00050465-00050689 only six years after the race Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00177-00050690-00050948 merger Reese's peanut butter cups became
l9yAAJBDcsI-00178-00050949-00051238 the Hershey company's top seller as of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00179-00051239-00051536 September 20th 2012 races is the best
l9yAAJBDcsI-00180-00051537-00051757 selling candy brand in the United States
l9yAAJBDcsI-00181-00051758-00051994 with sales of two point six zero three
l9yAAJBDcsI-00182-00051995-00052189 billion dollars and is the fourth best
l9yAAJBDcsI-00183-00052190-00052402 selling candy brand globally with sales
l9yAAJBDcsI-00184-00052403-00052598 of two point six seven nine billion
l9yAAJBDcsI-00185-00052599-00052894 dollars only seventy-six million dollars
l9yAAJBDcsI-00186-00052895-00053113 two point eight percent of its sales are
l9yAAJBDcsI-00187-00053114-00053791 from outside the United States market
l9yAAJBDcsI-00188-00053791-00054527 topic Cadbury's in 1988 Hershey's
l9yAAJBDcsI-00189-00054528-00054725 acquired the rights to manufacture and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00190-00054726-00054962 distribute many Cadbury branded products
l9yAAJBDcsI-00191-00054963-00055166 in the United States except gum and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00192-00055166-00055349 mints which are part of mandalas
l9yAAJBDcsI-00193-00055350-00055694 international in 2015 they sued a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00194-00055695-00055879 British importer to halt imports of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00195-00055880-00056057 British Cadbury chocolate angering
l9yAAJBDcsI-00196-00056058-00056607 consumers
l9yAAJBDcsI-00197-00056608-00057412 topic crave jerky in 2005 crave jerky
l9yAAJBDcsI-00198-00057413-00057676 was founded by John Sebastiani after he
l9yAAJBDcsI-00199-00057677-00057862 trained for a marathon and looked for a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00200-00057863-00058109 healthy source of energy alliance
l9yAAJBDcsI-00201-00058110-00058366 consumer growth a private equity group
l9yAAJBDcsI-00202-00058367-00058666 invested in crave jerky in 2012
l9yAAJBDcsI-00203-00058666-00058991 Hershey's purchased the company in 2015
l9yAAJBDcsI-00204-00058991-00059162 for two hundred and forty million
l9yAAJBDcsI-00205-00059163-00059719 dollars
l9yAAJBDcsI-00206-00059720-00060440 topic Milton Hershey School MHS
l9yAAJBDcsI-00207-00060441-00060691 unable to have children of his own
l9yAAJBDcsI-00208-00060692-00060884 Milton s Hershey founded the Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00209-00060885-00061175 industrial school in 1909 for white
l9yAAJBDcsI-00210-00061176-00061586 orphan boys in 1918 three years after
l9yAAJBDcsI-00211-00061587-00061760 the death of his wife Milton Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00212-00061761-00062021 donated around sixty million dollars to
l9yAAJBDcsI-00213-00062022-00062228 the boarding school in trust as well as
l9yAAJBDcsI-00214-00062229-00062462 40% of the Hershey company's common
l9yAAJBDcsI-00215-00062463-00062753 stock the school's initial purpose was
l9yAAJBDcsI-00216-00062754-00062939 to Train young men in trades but
l9yAAJBDcsI-00217-00062940-00063119 eventually shifted to focus on
l9yAAJBDcsI-00218-00063120-00063383 preparation for college the Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00219-00063384-00063614 trust company has exercised voting
l9yAAJBDcsI-00220-00063615-00063785 rights for the school and has been a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00221-00063786-00064022 trustee since its founding many of its
l9yAAJBDcsI-00222-00064023-00064226 designs resemble Hershey chocolate
l9yAAJBDcsI-00223-00064227-00064424 products such as the Hershey Kisses
l9yAAJBDcsI-00224-00064425-00064748 streetlights Milton Hershey was involved
l9yAAJBDcsI-00225-00064749-00064946 in the school's operations until his
l9yAAJBDcsI-00226-00064947-00065336 death in 1945 the Hershey industrial
l9yAAJBDcsI-00227-00065337-00065513 school was renamed the Milton Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00228-00065514-00066230 School in 1951
l9yAAJBDcsI-00229-00066231-00066936 topic manufacturing plants the first
l9yAAJBDcsI-00230-00066937-00067157 planned outside her she opened on June
l9yAAJBDcsI-00231-00067158-00067617 15th 1963 in Smiths Falls Ontario Canada
l9yAAJBDcsI-00232-00067618-00068004 and the third opened on May 22nd 1965 in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00233-00068005-00068375 Oakdale California in February in April
l9yAAJBDcsI-00234-00068376-00068613 2007 Hershey's announced that their
l9yAAJBDcsI-00235-00068614-00068811 Smith's Falls and Oakdale plants would
l9yAAJBDcsI-00236-00068812-00069119 close in 2008 being replaced in part by
l9yAAJBDcsI-00237-00069120-00069468 a new facility in Monterey Mexico the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00238-00069469-00069734 Oakdale factory closed on February 1st
l9yAAJBDcsI-00239-00069735-00070076 2008 Hershey Chocolate Factory in Sal
l9yAAJBDcsI-00240-00070077-00070442 Rock Brazil was opened in August 2002
l9yAAJBDcsI-00241-00070443-00070731 her she also has plants in Stewart's
l9yAAJBDcsI-00242-00070732-00070988 draught Virginia Lancaster Pennsylvania
l9yAAJBDcsI-00243-00070989-00071251 Hazleton Pennsylvania Memphis Tennessee
l9yAAJBDcsI-00244-00071252-00071672 Robinson Illinois and Guadalajara Mexico
l9yAAJBDcsI-00245-00071673-00071910 visitors to Hershey can experience
l9yAAJBDcsI-00246-00071911-00072113 Hershey's chocolate world visitors
l9yAAJBDcsI-00247-00072114-00072323 center and it's simulated to a ride
l9yAAJBDcsI-00248-00072324-00072618 public tours were once operated in the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00249-00072619-00072851 Pennsylvania and California factories
l9yAAJBDcsI-00250-00072852-00073197 which ended in Pennsylvania in 1973 as
l9yAAJBDcsI-00251-00073198-00073413 soon as Hershey's chocolate world opened
l9yAAJBDcsI-00252-00073414-00073638 and later in California following the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00253-00073639-00073947 September 11 2001 attacks due to
l9yAAJBDcsI-00254-00073948-00074271 security concerns on September 18 2012
l9yAAJBDcsI-00255-00074272-00074523 Hershey opened a new and expanded West
l9yAAJBDcsI-00256-00074524-00074826 Hershey plant the plant was completed at
l9yAAJBDcsI-00257-00074827-00075087 a budget of 300 million dollars on March
l9yAAJBDcsI-00258-00075088-00075393 9th 2018 Hershey broke ground to expand
l9yAAJBDcsI-00259-00075394-00075630 its KitKat manufacturing facility in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00260-00075631-00075915 Hazel Township Pennsylvania the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00261-00075916-00076149 expansion project has a 60 million
l9yAAJBDcsI-00262-00076150-00076368 dollars budget and is expected to create
l9yAAJBDcsI-00263-00076369-00076838 an additional 111 jobs at the facility
l9yAAJBDcsI-00264-00076839-00077131 topic other sales and acquisitions in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00265-00077132-00077426 1969 Hershey received a license from
l9yAAJBDcsI-00266-00077427-00077640 Roundtree's to manufacture and market
l9yAAJBDcsI-00267-00077641-00077871 KitKat and rouleaux in the United States
l9yAAJBDcsI-00268-00077872-00078150 as of September 2013
l9yAAJBDcsI-00269-00078151-00078354 Hershey continued to make and market
l9yAAJBDcsI-00270-00078355-00078561 these brands in the US under license
l9yAAJBDcsI-00271-00078562-00078759 from Nestle owners of the Roundtree
l9yAAJBDcsI-00272-00078760-00079053 brand that license would be revoked and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00273-00079054-00079365 revert to Nestle if Hershey is sold in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00274-00079366-00079419 90
l9yAAJBDcsI-00275-00079420-00079743 in 77 her she acquired Y&S candies
l9yAAJBDcsI-00276-00079744-00080064 founded in 1845 and became the makers of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00277-00080065-00080448 Twizzlers licorice candies in 1986
l9yAAJBDcsI-00278-00080449-00080703 Hershey's began a brief foray into cough
l9yAAJBDcsI-00279-00080704-00080883 drops when it acquired the Luden's cough
l9yAAJBDcsI-00280-00080884-00081312 drops brand by 2001 though the brand had
l9yAAJBDcsI-00281-00081313-00081528 been sold to Pharmacia now part of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00282-00081529-00081744 Pfizer and Luden's eventually became a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00283-00081745-00082059 product of prestige brands her she's
l9yAAJBDcsI-00284-00082060-00082395 kept Lauren's fifth avenue bar in 1988
l9yAAJBDcsI-00285-00082396-00082566 Hershey's acquired the rights to
l9yAAJBDcsI-00286-00082567-00082800 manufacture and distribute many Cadbury
l9yAAJBDcsI-00287-00082801-00083004 branded products in the United States
l9yAAJBDcsI-00288-00083005-00083229 except gum and mints which are part of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00289-00083230-00083649 Mondelez international in 1996 Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00290-00083650-00083871 purchased the American operations of the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00291-00083872-00084194 leaf candy company from who Tamaki in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00292-00084195-00084474 1999 the Hershey Pasteur group was
l9yAAJBDcsI-00293-00084475-00084711 divested to several equity partners to
l9yAAJBDcsI-00294-00084712-00084924 form the new world Pasteur company now
l9yAAJBDcsI-00295-00084925-00085413 part of Ebro Foods on July 25th 2002 it
l9yAAJBDcsI-00296-00085414-00085611 became public knowledge that the Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00297-00085612-00085830 trust company was seeking to sell its
l9yAAJBDcsI-00298-00085831-00085989 controlling interest in the Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00299-00085990-00086316 foods corporation the value of Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00300-00086317-00086646 stock skyrocketed 25% with over 19
l9yAAJBDcsI-00301-00086647-00086949 million shares trading that day over the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00302-00086950-00087201 following 55 days widespread press
l9yAAJBDcsI-00303-00087202-00087384 coverage as well as pressure from
l9yAAJBDcsI-00304-00087385-00087579 Pennsylvania Attorney General Mike
l9yAAJBDcsI-00305-00087580-00087780 Fisher the community of Hershey and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00306-00087781-00087999 Dauphin County orphans caught senior
l9yAAJBDcsI-00307-00088000-00088227 judge Warren G Morgan led to the sale
l9yAAJBDcsI-00308-00088228-00088485 being abandoned the seven Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00309-00088486-00088722 trustees who voted to sell Hershey foods
l9yAAJBDcsI-00310-00088723-00089151 on September 17 2002 for 12.5 billion
l9yAAJBDcsI-00311-00089152-00089390 dollars to the William Wrigley Jr
l9yAAJBDcsI-00312-00089391-00089637 company now part of Mars Incorporated
l9yAAJBDcsI-00313-00089638-00089910 were removed by Attorney General Fisher
l9yAAJBDcsI-00314-00089911-00090252 and judge Morgan 10 of the 17 trustees
l9yAAJBDcsI-00315-00090253-00090450 were forced to resign and four new
l9yAAJBDcsI-00316-00090451-00090660 members who lived locally were appointed
l9yAAJBDcsI-00317-00090661-00090972 the former Pennsylvania Attorney General
l9yAAJBDcsI-00318-00090973-00091182 Leroy s Zimmerman became the new
l9yAAJBDcsI-00319-00091183-00091401 chairman of the reconstituted Milton
l9yAAJBDcsI-00320-00091402-00091713 Hershey school trustees mr. Zimmerman
l9yAAJBDcsI-00321-00091714-00091905 has publicly committed to having the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00322-00091906-00092085 Milton Hershey School trust always
l9yAAJBDcsI-00323-00092086-00092268 retain its interest in the Hershey
l9yAAJBDcsI-00324-00092269-00092352 Company
l9yAAJBDcsI-00325-00092353-00092619 if Hershey was to be sold the rights to
l9yAAJBDcsI-00326-00092620-00092799 make and market KitKat and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00327-00092800-00092973 although products in the US would have
l9yAAJBDcsI-00328-00092974-00093366 reverted to Nestle in December 2004
l9yAAJBDcsI-00329-00093367-00093546 Hershey acquired the Manilow a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00330-00093547-00093774 macadamia-nut Corp from the Shands B
l9yAAJBDcsI-00331-00093775-00094104 group in July 2005 Hershey acquired the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00332-00094105-00094302 Berkeley California based boutique
l9yAAJBDcsI-00333-00094303-00094560 chocolate maker schaffenberger in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00334-00094561-00094902 November 2005 her she acquired Joseph
l9yAAJBDcsI-00335-00094903-00095064 Schmidt confections the San
l9yAAJBDcsI-00336-00095065-00095295 francisco-based chocolatier and in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00337-00095296-00095619 November 2006 her she acquired dagoba
l9yAAJBDcsI-00338-00095620-00095829 organic chocolate a boutique chocolate
l9yAAJBDcsI-00339-00095830-00096111 maker based in Ashland Oregon in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00340-00096112-00096360 December 2011 Hershey reached an
l9yAAJBDcsI-00341-00096361-00096558 agreement to acquire Brookside Foods
l9yAAJBDcsI-00342-00096559-00096801 Limited a privately held confectionery
l9yAAJBDcsI-00343-00096802-00096975 company based in Abbotsford British
l9yAAJBDcsI-00344-00096976-00097302 Columbia in 2015 Hershey announced that
l9yAAJBDcsI-00345-00097303-00097479 they had acquired crave jerky
l9yAAJBDcsI-00346-00097480-00097659 marking the company's first foray
l9yAAJBDcsI-00347-00097660-00097869 outside of the confectionery market in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00348-00097870-00098133 more than a decade in 2016 her she
l9yAAJBDcsI-00349-00098134-00098352 acquired barkins a new york-based
l9yAAJBDcsI-00350-00098353-00098562 chocolate snack foods company which
l9yAAJBDcsI-00351-00098563-00098823 expected to generate between 65 million
l9yAAJBDcsI-00352-00098824-00099057 dollars and 75 million dollars in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00353-00099058-00099330 revenue for that year for 290 million
l9yAAJBDcsI-00354-00099331-00099675 dollars in 2017 her she acquired amplifi
l9yAAJBDcsI-00355-00099676-00099932 snack brands Austin texas-based maker of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00356-00099933-00100161 skinny pop in an all-cash transaction
l9yAAJBDcsI-00357-00100162-00100413 valued at approximately 1.6 billion
l9yAAJBDcsI-00358-00100414-00100701 dollars in September 2018 her she
l9yAAJBDcsI-00359-00100702-00100890 announced to buy pirate brands from B
l9yAAJBDcsI-00360-00100891-00101199 and G foods for 420 million dollars in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00361-00101200-00101791 an all-cash deal
l9yAAJBDcsI-00362-00101792-00102604 topic product recalls in July 1998 a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00363-00102605-00102955 number of 100 grams 3.5 ounces milk
l9yAAJBDcsI-00364-00102956-00103132 chocolate bars being sold for
l9yAAJBDcsI-00365-00103133-00103325 fundraising events were recalled because
l9yAAJBDcsI-00366-00103326-00103499 they may have contained traces of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00367-00103500-00103831 almonds not listed in the ingredients in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00368-00103832-00104102 November 2006 The Smiths Falls
l9yAAJBDcsI-00369-00104103-00104375 production plant in Ontario temporarily
l9yAAJBDcsI-00370-00104376-00104569 shut down and several products were
l9yAAJBDcsI-00371-00104570-00104806 voluntarily recalled after concerns over
l9yAAJBDcsI-00372-00104807-00105058 salmonella contamination possibly found
l9yAAJBDcsI-00373-00105059-00105281 in soy lecithin within their production
l9yAAJBDcsI-00374-00105282-00105551 line it was believed that most of the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00375-00105552-00105746 products involved in the recall never
l9yAAJBDcsI-00376-00105747-00106394 made it to the retail level
l9yAAJBDcsI-00377-00106395-00107084 topic philanthropy Hershey has made
l9yAAJBDcsI-00378-00107085-00107391 large contributions to education one of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00379-00107392-00107622 their most notable contributions was the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00380-00107623-00107936 Elizabethtown College Honors Program the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00381-00107938-00108255 program was established in 1999 and is
l9yAAJBDcsI-00382-00108256-00108473 funded partially through the endowment
l9yAAJBDcsI-00383-00108474-00108696 in 2015
l9yAAJBDcsI-00384-00108697-00108860 Hershey announced a commitment with
l9yAAJBDcsI-00385-00108861-00109080 Clinton Global Initiative to help build
l9yAAJBDcsI-00386-00109081-00109302 a sustainable supply chain to support
l9yAAJBDcsI-00387-00109303-00109542 basic nutrition for children in Ghana
l9yAAJBDcsI-00388-00109543-00109764 Hershey's long-term focus on children
l9yAAJBDcsI-00389-00109765-00109950 and families has yielded long-standing
l9yAAJBDcsI-00390-00109951-00110190 partnerships with organizations such as
l9yAAJBDcsI-00391-00110191-00110403 Children's Miracle Network Ronald
l9yAAJBDcsI-00392-00110404-00110892 McDonald House and United Way UW in 2016
l9yAAJBDcsI-00393-00110893-00111105 the company donated more than four
l9yAAJBDcsI-00394-00111106-00111288 hundred and eighty six thousand two
l9yAAJBDcsI-00395-00111289-00112025 hundred dollars to those organizations
l9yAAJBDcsI-00396-00112026-00112889 topic criticism
l9yAAJBDcsI-00397-00112890-00113575 topic Coco purchase her she has been
l9yAAJBDcsI-00398-00113576-00113794 criticized for not having programs to
l9yAAJBDcsI-00399-00113795-00114009 ensure sustainable and ethical cocoa
l9yAAJBDcsI-00400-00114010-00114237 purchase lagging behind its competitors
l9yAAJBDcsI-00401-00114238-00114504 in Fairtrade measures the raise the bar
l9yAAJBDcsI-00402-00114505-00114799 her she campaign was launched in
l9yAAJBDcsI-00403-00114800-00115096 September 2010 by global exchange green
l9yAAJBDcsI-00404-00115097-00115308 America the Oasis trust and the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00405-00115309-00115590 International labor rights forum the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00406-00115591-00115809 purpose of the raise the bar campaign is
l9yAAJBDcsI-00407-00115810-00116037 to pressure her she to commit to take
l9yAAJBDcsI-00408-00116038-00116296 immediate action to eliminate forced and
l9yAAJBDcsI-00409-00116297-00116643 child labor from Hershey's cocoa supply
l9yAAJBDcsI-00410-00116644-00117058 to sourcing 100% Fairtrade certified
l9yAAJBDcsI-00411-00117058-00117382 cocoa beans by 2012 for at least one of
l9yAAJBDcsI-00412-00117383-00117583 its top five selling chocolate bars
l9yAAJBDcsI-00413-00117583-00117883 making at least one additional top five
l9yAAJBDcsI-00414-00117883-00118231 selling bar 100% Fairtrade certified
l9yAAJBDcsI-00415-00118232-00118624 every two years thereafter and that the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00416-00118625-00118890 majority of Hershey's cocoa across all
l9yAAJBDcsI-00417-00118891-00119169 products will be Fairtrade certified by
l9yAAJBDcsI-00418-00119170-00119599 2022 pressure was particularly directed
l9yAAJBDcsI-00419-00119600-00119818 at Whole Foods Market which announced on
l9yAAJBDcsI-00420-00119819-00120063 October 3rd 2012 that it would cease
l9yAAJBDcsI-00421-00120064-00120275 carrying Hershey's schaffenberger line
l9yAAJBDcsI-00422-00120276-00120584 the campaign stated that Whole Foods
l9yAAJBDcsI-00423-00120585-00120909 decision follows more than 40 natural
l9yAAJBDcsI-00424-00120910-00121144 food retailers and coops publicly
l9yAAJBDcsI-00425-00121145-00121350 expressing concern about carrying
l9yAAJBDcsI-00426-00121351-00121611 schaffenberger and dagoba products as a
l9yAAJBDcsI-00427-00121613-00121822 consequence of the giant chocolate
l9yAAJBDcsI-00428-00121823-00122071 makers refusal to address child labour
l9yAAJBDcsI-00429-00122072-00122407 in its supply chain the same day
l9yAAJBDcsI-00430-00122408-00122709 Hershey's announced it will source 100%
l9yAAJBDcsI-00431-00122710-00122950 certified cocoa for its global chocolate
l9yAAJBDcsI-00432-00122951-00123228 product lines by 2020 and accelerate its
l9yAAJBDcsI-00433-00123229-00123429 programs to help eliminate child labour
l9yAAJBDcsI-00434-00123430-00124163 in the cocoa regions of West Africa
l9yAAJBDcsI-00435-00124164-00124708 topic see also
l9yAAJBDcsI-00436-00124708-00124951 list of products manufactured by the
l9yAAJBDcsI-00437-00124952-00125373 Hershey Company list of food companies
l9yAAJBDcsI-00438-00125374-00125643 Pennsylvania chocolate workers strike
l9yAAJBDcsI-00439-00125644-00125944 1937
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00000-00000000-00000447 Oh
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00001-00000448-00000909 I think the auto industry sees that fuel
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00002-00000910-00001047 efficiency is becoming a higher and
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00003-00001048-00001197 higher demanded thing that the public
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00004-00001198-00001550 wants the 50 4.5 mile per gallon
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00005-00001551-00001746 efficiency standard increase that would
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00006-00001747-00001964 happen in 20-25 that the Obama
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00007-00001966-00002132 administration the deal they've really
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00008-00002133-00002285 worked out with the auto industry your
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00009-00002286-00002549 average Minnesotans gonna save about 550
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00010-00002550-00002715 some odd dollars just over a summer of
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00011-00002716-00003065 the driving I think that we've seen when
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00012-00003066-00003290 when gas prices did go up people started
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00013-00003292-00003444 looking for smaller vehicles they
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00014-00003445-00003621 started getting rid of their SUVs or
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00015-00003622-00003831 parking them for more fuel efficient
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00016-00003832-00004338 alternatives by 2016 we're supposed to
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00017-00004339-00004683 meet 35.5 miles per gallon as the
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00018-00004684-00004911 standard vehicle manufacturers I think
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00019-00004912-00005204 to meet the standard are able to do it
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00020-00005205-00005420 with technologies that exist without
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00021-00005421-00005688 reducing consumers preferences or
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00022-00005689-00005843 performance of vehicles or size of
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00023-00005844-00005993 vehicle to meet the new standards I
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00024-00005994-00006143 think that they're going to have to flip
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00025-00006144-00006257 the coin I think they're going to have
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00026-00006258-00006581 to start looking more at reducing the
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00027-00006583-00006770 input and maintaining the same power
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00028-00006772-00006963 output or reducing the power output even
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00029-00006964-00007145 other vehicles which means essentially
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00030-00007147-00007419 that consumers may have to settle with
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00031-00007420-00007695 less powerful vehicles or go to more
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00032-00007695-00007848 hybridization schemes which cost more
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00033-00007848-00008094 money ultimately what we're looking at
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00034-00008095-00008325 is that we need to transform our entire
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00035-00008326-00008490 energy system and transportations a
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00036-00008491-00008714 pretty key piece of that
ltAT1SiD1Ug-00037-00008715-00008921 you
lvgUkcYRsO8-00000-00000000-00000382 [Music]
lvgUkcYRsO8-00001-00000383-00000649 so I'm gonna make a recipe of pumpkin
lvgUkcYRsO8-00002-00000650-00000965 bars and we're adding fresh apples pick
lvgUkcYRsO8-00003-00000966-00001244 from our apple tree Aloha friends I'm
lvgUkcYRsO8-00004-00001245-00001558 going to make a pumpkin bar that's
lvgUkcYRsO8-00005-00001559-00001873 adapted from the Baker's Royale website
lvgUkcYRsO8-00006-00001875-00002171 but instead of using the graham crackers
lvgUkcYRsO8-00007-00002172-00002452 I opted out to go ahead and use these
lvgUkcYRsO8-00008-00002453-00002750 triple ginger snaps from Trader Joe's or
lvgUkcYRsO8-00009-00002751-00002963 you can use any brand that you want so
lvgUkcYRsO8-00010-00002964-00003118 other than that I think I'm gonna go
lvgUkcYRsO8-00011-00003119-00003425 ahead and follow her recipe also who I'm
lvgUkcYRsO8-00012-00003426-00003653 not going to add than that I think it
lvgUkcYRsO8-00013-00003654-00003919 calls for pecans with hers or walnuts
lvgUkcYRsO8-00014-00003920-00004193 I'm gonna opt out so that the kids can
lvgUkcYRsO8-00015-00004194-00004579 have it as well it calls for apples like
lvgUkcYRsO8-00016-00004580-00004799 she said Golden Delicious apples
lvgUkcYRsO8-00017-00004800-00005072 shredded about two regular-sized apples
lvgUkcYRsO8-00018-00005073-00005258 these are apples for my apple tree so
lvgUkcYRsO8-00019-00005259-00005441 I'm gonna go ahead and use three and
lvgUkcYRsO8-00020-00005442-00005624 then I'm gonna peel it and then I'm
lvgUkcYRsO8-00021-00005625-00005827 gonna use a cheese grater to grate it
lvgUkcYRsO8-00022-00005828-00006026 yeah I went ahead and graded the apples
lvgUkcYRsO8-00023-00006027-00006220 and it turns brown really fast even
lvgUkcYRsO8-00024-00006221-00006448 though I added a little bit of a lime
lvgUkcYRsO8-00025-00006450-00006701 juice to it it's still turning brown so
lvgUkcYRsO8-00026-00006702-00006875 I'm gonna put that aside I'm gonna go
lvgUkcYRsO8-00027-00006876-00007045 get my ginger snaps
lvgUkcYRsO8-00028-00007047-00007306 and I'm gonna get to two cups worth and
lvgUkcYRsO8-00029-00007308-00007445 then I'm gonna put it into the food
lvgUkcYRsO8-00030-00007445-00007678 processor to grind it really nice I've
lvgUkcYRsO8-00031-00007679-00007978 got my gingersnap nicely grounded and
lvgUkcYRsO8-00032-00007979-00008131 you can still see the little pieces of
lvgUkcYRsO8-00033-00008133-00008438 ginger in there I warmed up my butter
lvgUkcYRsO8-00034-00008439-00008717 have it nicely melted I'm gonna go ahead
lvgUkcYRsO8-00035-00008718-00008951 and mix that together and combine it and
lvgUkcYRsO8-00036-00008952-00009377 put it into my 9 by 13 pan covered with
lvgUkcYRsO8-00037-00009378-00009856 foil all right got my gingersnap crumb
lvgUkcYRsO8-00038-00009857-00010169 and butter into the dish and then I
lvgUkcYRsO8-00039-00010170-00010403 pressed it down with just the measuring
lvgUkcYRsO8-00040-00010404-00010637 cup so that it's nice and firm at the
lvgUkcYRsO8-00041-00010638-00010913 bottom and then after this I'm just
lvgUkcYRsO8-00042-00010914-00011196 gonna go ahead and set it set it aside
lvgUkcYRsO8-00043-00011197-00011492 all right so in a large mixing bowl I
lvgUkcYRsO8-00044-00011493-00011762 have one can of condensed milk I have a
lvgUkcYRsO8-00045-00011763-00012242 cup pumpkin puree and then a teaspoon of
lvgUkcYRsO8-00046-00012243-00012517 cinnamon have a quarter teaspoon of
lvgUkcYRsO8-00047-00012518-00012692 nutmeg in about an eighth of a teaspoon
lvgUkcYRsO8-00048-00012693-00012991 of ground cloves I'm going to mix that
lvgUkcYRsO8-00049-00012992-00013297 well together
lvgUkcYRsO8-00050-00013298-00013511 we're gonna go ahead and mix that well
lvgUkcYRsO8-00051-00013512-00014386 together
lvgUkcYRsO8-00052-00014387-00014672 okay now that it's not a sin well
lvgUkcYRsO8-00053-00014673-00014853 combined I'm gonna go ahead and pour
lvgUkcYRsO8-00054-00014854-00015209 this mixture over the gingersnap butter
lvgUkcYRsO8-00055-00015210-00015611 and cookie crust okay so that's there
lvgUkcYRsO8-00056-00015612-00016064 pour that over mmm smells really good
lvgUkcYRsO8-00057-00016065-00016500 already now since I peeled my Apple a
lvgUkcYRsO8-00058-00016501-00016733 little bit too early it's okay it's
lvgUkcYRsO8-00059-00016734-00016961 still good I'm gonna and I just wash my
lvgUkcYRsO8-00060-00016962-00017219 hands I'm gonna go ahead and layer the
lvgUkcYRsO8-00061-00017220-00017808 apples on to the mixture and the lime
lvgUkcYRsO8-00062-00017809-00018206 really didn't help help at all but I I
lvgUkcYRsO8-00063-00018207-00018444 didn't measure it I had about maybe
lvgUkcYRsO8-00064-00018445-00018842 three or four pretty small ones so if
lvgUkcYRsO8-00065-00018843-00018972 you're gonna buy them at the store I
lvgUkcYRsO8-00066-00018973-00019256 would say you know two to regular-sized
lvgUkcYRsO8-00067-00019257-00019787 ones at the store is plenty now if you
lvgUkcYRsO8-00068-00019788-00020039 don't want to put the apples you can
lvgUkcYRsO8-00069-00020040-00020365 choose to put the marshmallow instead
lvgUkcYRsO8-00070-00020366-00020606 now another version that you could do
lvgUkcYRsO8-00071-00020607-00020897 instead of putting the apples you could
lvgUkcYRsO8-00072-00020898-00021293 also put these small marshmallows and
lvgUkcYRsO8-00073-00021294-00021575 then that would give it a nice texture
lvgUkcYRsO8-00074-00021576-00021780 that would hold the bars together so
lvgUkcYRsO8-00075-00021781-00021959 since I am putting apples I'm gonna go
lvgUkcYRsO8-00076-00021960-00022143 ahead and not use the marshmallow I'm
lvgUkcYRsO8-00077-00022144-00022650 gonna add on sweetened coconut flakes on
lvgUkcYRsO8-00078-00022651-00022925 top of this and it's going to be about
lvgUkcYRsO8-00079-00022926-00023462 one cup so along with our sweetened
lvgUkcYRsO8-00080-00023463-00023639 coconut flakes I'm also gonna go ahead
lvgUkcYRsO8-00081-00023640-00024044 and sprinkle some chocolate chips and
lvgUkcYRsO8-00082-00024045-00024203 then I'm gonna mix this with milk
lvgUkcYRsO8-00083-00024204-00024386 chocolate and bittersweet chocolate
lvgUkcYRsO8-00084-00024387-00024578 because I just like to do that kind of
lvgUkcYRsO8-00085-00024579-00025030 combo when I make desserts
lvgUkcYRsO8-00086-00025031-00025670 okay and then some walnuts think walnuts
lvgUkcYRsO8-00087-00025672-00025980 and pumpkins really go together so I
lvgUkcYRsO8-00088-00025981-00026286 have some chopped walnuts
lvgUkcYRsO8-00089-00026287-00026745 and um I'd say add about a cup but my
lvgUkcYRsO8-00090-00026745-00026931 family doesn't care too much for walnuts
lvgUkcYRsO8-00091-00026932-00027162 I'm just probably gonna do about half a
lvgUkcYRsO8-00092-00027163-00027827 cup of walnuts and then these are the
lvgUkcYRsO8-00093-00027829-00028461 bittersweet chocolate and then I just
lvgUkcYRsO8-00094-00028462-00028652 like to make sure that they're spread
lvgUkcYRsO8-00095-00028654-00028970 around the reason that I like to mix the
lvgUkcYRsO8-00096-00028972-00029154 the milk chocolate and the bittersweet
lvgUkcYRsO8-00097-00029155-00029312 chocolate is that sometimes the milk
lvgUkcYRsO8-00098-00029313-00029654 chocolate can tend to be too sweet and
lvgUkcYRsO8-00099-00029655-00030027 then the bittersweet can be just too
lvgUkcYRsO8-00100-00030027-00030156 bitter sometimes so when I mix that
lvgUkcYRsO8-00101-00030157-00030402 together I feel like I have a good good
lvgUkcYRsO8-00102-00030402-00030677 blend and that's about a cup of
lvgUkcYRsO8-00103-00030677-00030896 chocolate but you can either do just
lvgUkcYRsO8-00104-00030897-00031029 plain bittersweet or plain milk
lvgUkcYRsO8-00105-00031030-00031401 chocolate and then finish that off with
lvgUkcYRsO8-00106-00031402-00031940 the rest of the coconut on top so that
lvgUkcYRsO8-00107-00031941-00032712 was one cup of coconut alright friends
lvgUkcYRsO8-00108-00032713-00032925 there it is so everything is nicely put
lvgUkcYRsO8-00109-00032926-00033258 together I even packed it down a bit so
lvgUkcYRsO8-00110-00033259-00033585 that um it goes into the pumpkin puree
lvgUkcYRsO8-00111-00033586-00033808 we'll put this into the oven preheated
lvgUkcYRsO8-00112-00033809-00034143 350 degrees for about 30 to 45 minutes
lvgUkcYRsO8-00113-00034144-00034427 just look for a nice golden-brown crust
lvgUkcYRsO8-00114-00034428-00034733 on top with the coconut flakes I just
lvgUkcYRsO8-00115-00034734-00034875 went ahead and took it out of the oven
lvgUkcYRsO8-00116-00034876-00035223 it was in the oven for about 35 to 40
lvgUkcYRsO8-00117-00035224-00035454 minutes nice and golden brown on the top
lvgUkcYRsO8-00118-00035455-00035655 that's when you know it's ready I'm
lvgUkcYRsO8-00119-00035656-00035781 gonna go ahead and let this sit
lvgUkcYRsO8-00120-00035782-00035846 overnight
lvgUkcYRsO8-00121-00035847-00036089 I'll cut into it tomorrow morning so
lvgUkcYRsO8-00122-00036090-00036477 okay so here it is I cut into it this is
lvgUkcYRsO8-00123-00036478-00036987 where I'm gonna place it nice dish and I
lvgUkcYRsO8-00124-00036988-00037137 placed it into the refrigerator
lvgUkcYRsO8-00125-00037138-00037443 overnight so it holds its shape I
lvgUkcYRsO8-00126-00037444-00037737 suggest to keep it into the fridge until
lvgUkcYRsO8-00127-00037738-00038064 you're ready to serve because it does
lvgUkcYRsO8-00128-00038065-00038343 because of the pumpkin puree it it makes
lvgUkcYRsO8-00129-00038344-00038658 it a little bit um gooey I hope you guys
lvgUkcYRsO8-00130-00038659-00038765 enjoyed this video
lvgUkcYRsO8-00131-00038766-00039006 Mahalo
lvs1QM3qAoI-00000-00000440-00000878 youtube comment akagi zillow15 writes i
lvs1QM3qAoI-00001-00000880-00001207 wonder how the red berry juice would
lvs1QM3qAoI-00002-00001208-00001487 work god godzilla boy so you're
lvs1QM3qAoI-00003-00001488-00001687 wondering where i hail from i
lvs1QM3qAoI-00004-00001688-00001942 nobody asked that i'll tell you anyway
lvs1QM3qAoI-00005-00001943-00002134 mate
lvs1QM3qAoI-00006-00002135-00002567 i come from a land down under
lvs1QM3qAoI-00007-00002568-00002718 a land ruled by the right honourable
lvs1QM3qAoI-00008-00002719-00002966 johnny t thunder
lvs1QM3qAoI-00009-00002967-00003286 who even is johnny t thunder maybe it's
lvs1QM3qAoI-00010-00003288-00003367 me
lvs1QM3qAoI-00011-00003368-00003622 you don't know it looks like bacon is
lvs1QM3qAoI-00012-00003623-00003919 bacon the prime minister of australia
lvs1QM3qAoI-00013-00003920-00004154 let's ask the audience
lvs1QM3qAoI-00014-00004155-00004543 mate thunder
lvs1QM3qAoI-00015-00004544-00004806 this jigglypuff scene from above
lvs1QM3qAoI-00016-00004807-00005318 that knife is inadequately sized
lvs1QM3qAoI-00017-00005319-00005575 johnny t thunder isn't even close to the
lvs1QM3qAoI-00018-00005576-00005818 right lyric and i love it
lvs1QM3qAoI-00019-00005819-00006215 [Music]
lvs1QM3qAoI-00020-00006216-00006478 so you want to try some hmm
lvs1QM3qAoI-00021-00006479-00006806 what would nancy reagan say right about
lvs1QM3qAoI-00022-00006808-00007255 now try it dweeb i respectfully disagree
lvs1QM3qAoI-00023-00007256-00007670 nancy reagan um so i think i'll just say
lvs1QM3qAoI-00024-00007672-00008063 no to the red berry juice hmm it's not
lvs1QM3qAoI-00025-00008064-00008310 red berry juice at all oh let me try
lvs1QM3qAoI-00026-00008311-00008823 some then it's actually hawaiian punch
lvs1QM3qAoI-00027-00008824-00009284 what are you trying to do kill me
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00000-00000104-00000342 beta-lactam antibiotics beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00001-00000343-00000503 antibiotics are a class of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00002-00000504-00000751 broad-spectrum antibiotics consisting of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00003-00000752-00000958 all antibiotic agents that contain a
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00004-00000959-00001135 beta-lactam ring in their molecular
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00005-00001136-00001278 structures
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00006-00001279-00001487 this includes penicillin derivatives
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00007-00001488-00001718 penems cephalosporins cephams
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00008-00001719-00001998 monobactums and carbapenums
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00009-00002000-00002239 most beta-lactam antibiotics work by
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00010-00002240-00002471 inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis in the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00011-00002472-00002663 bacterial organism and are the most
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00012-00002664-00002950 widely used group of antibiotics
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00013-00002951-00003254 until 2003 when measured by sales more
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00014-00003255-00003454 than half of all commercially available
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00015-00003455-00003663 antibiotics in use were beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00016-00003664-00003879 compounds bacteria often develop
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00017-00003879-00004119 resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics by
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00018-00004120-00004383 synthesizing a beta-lactamase an enzyme
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00019-00004384-00004622 that attacks the beta-lactam ring
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00020-00004623-00004863 to overcome this resistance beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00021-00004864-00005047 antibiotics are often given with
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00022-00005048-00005247 beta-lactamase inhibitors such as
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00023-00005248-00005927 clavalanic acid
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00024-00005928-00006470 topic medical use
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00025-00006472-00006710 beta-lactam antibiotics are indicated
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00026-00006711-00006863 for the prevention and treatment of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00027-00006864-00007055 bacterial infections caused by
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00028-00007056-00007270 susceptible organisms
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00029-00007272-00007519 at first beta-lactam antibiotics were
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00030-00007520-00007742 mainly active only against gram-positive
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00031-00007743-00007967 bacteria yet the recent development of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00032-00007968-00008207 broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00033-00008208-00008399 active against various gram-negative
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00034-00008400-00009199 organisms has increased their usefulness
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00035-00009200-00010127 topic adverse effects
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00036-00010128-00010710 topic adverse drug reactions
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00037-00010711-00010910 common adverse drug reactions for the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00038-00010911-00011191 beta-lactam antibiotics include diarrhea
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00039-00011192-00011487 nausea rash urticaria superinfection
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00040-00011488-00011735 including candidiasis infrequent adverse
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00041-00011736-00012006 effects include fever vomiting erythema
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00042-00012007-00012278 dermatitis angioedema pseudomembranous
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00043-00012279-00012487 colitis pain and inflammation at the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00044-00012488-00012678 injection site is also common for
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00045-00012679-00012879 parenterally administered beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00046-00012880-00013527 antibiotics
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00047-00013528-00014143 topic allergy hypersensitivity
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00048-00014144-00014343 immunologically mediated adverse
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00049-00014344-00014599 reactions to any beta-lactam antibiotic
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00050-00014600-00014830 may occur in up to 10 of patients
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00051-00014831-00015047 receiving that agent a small fraction of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00052-00015047-00015294 which are truly ige mediated allergic
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00053-00015295-00015679 reactions c amoxicillin rash anaphylaxis
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00054-00015680-00015983 will occur in approximately 0.01
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00055-00015984-00016135 of patients
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00056-00016136-00016399 there is perhaps a 5 to 10 percent cross
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00057-00016400-00016575 sensitivity between penicillin
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00058-00016576-00016783 derivatives cephalosporins and
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00059-00016784-00016983 carbipenums but this figure has been
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00060-00016984-00017311 challenged by various investigators
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00061-00017312-00017439 nevertheless the risk of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00062-00017440-00017622 cross-reactivity is sufficient to
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00063-00017623-00017799 warrant the contraindication of all
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00064-00017800-00018039 beta-lactam antibiotics in patients with
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00065-00018040-00018263 a history of severe allergic reactions
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00066-00018264-00018511 urticaria anaphylaxis interstitial
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00067-00018512-00018879 nephritis to any beta-lactam antibiotic
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00068-00018880-00019119 a jarish herxheimer reaction may occur
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00069-00019120-00019343 after initial treatment of a spirocital
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00070-00019344-00019519 infection such as syphilis with a
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00071-00019520-00020247 beta-lactam antibiotic
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00072-00020248-00020783 topic mode of action
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00073-00020784-00020955 beta-lactam antibiotics are
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00074-00020956-00021191 bacteriocidal and act by inhibiting the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00075-00021192-00021414 synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00076-00021415-00021630 bacterial cell walls
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00077-00021631-00021871 the peptidoglycan layer is important for
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00078-00021872-00022047 cell wall structural integrity
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00079-00022048-00022278 especially in gram-positive organisms
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00080-00022279-00022447 being the outermost and primary
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00081-00022448-00022691 component of the wall the final
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00082-00022692-00022911 transpeptidation step in the synthesis
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00083-00022912-00023158 of the peptidoglycan is facilitated by
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00084-00023159-00023407 dd transpeptitises which are penicillin
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00085-00023408-00023694 binding proteins pbps
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00086-00023695-00023958 pbps vary in their affinity for binding
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00087-00023959-00024142 penicillin or other beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00088-00024143-00024311 antibiotics
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00089-00024312-00024542 the amount of pbps varies among
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00090-00024543-00024783 bacterial species
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00091-00024784-00025022 beta-lactam antibiotics are analogues of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00092-00025023-00025214 d-alanyl d-alanine
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00093-00025215-00025439 the terminal amino acid residues on the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00094-00025440-00025687 precursor name nag peptide subunits of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00095-00025688-00025943 the nasan peptidoglycan layer
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00096-00025944-00026127 the structural similarity between
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00097-00026127-00026358 beta-lactam antibiotics and d-alanyl
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00098-00026360-00026574 d-alanine facilitates their binding to
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00099-00026575-00026839 the active site of pbps
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00100-00026839-00027079 the beta-lactam nucleus of the molecule
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00101-00027080-00027323 irreversibly binds to acelates the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00102-00027324-00027711 sur-403 residue of the pbp-active site
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00103-00027712-00027983 this irreversible inhibition of the pbps
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00104-00027983-00028162 prevents the final crosslinking
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00105-00028163-00028335 transpeptidation of the nasan
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00106-00028336-00028590 peptidoglycan layer disrupting cell wall
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00107-00028591-00028846 synthesis beta-lactam antibiotics block
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00108-00028847-00029046 not only the division of bacteria
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00109-00029047-00029279 including cyanobacteria but also the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00110-00029280-00029511 division of cyanoles the photosynthetic
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00111-00029512-00029695 organelles of the glaucophytes and the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00112-00029695-00030007 division of chloroplast subryophytes
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00113-00030008-00030214 in contrast they have no effect on the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00114-00030216-00030374 plastids of the highly developed
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00115-00030375-00030558 vascular plants
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00116-00030560-00030758 this is supporting the endosymbiotic
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00117-00030760-00030943 theory and indicates an evolution of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00118-00030944-00031167 plastic division in land plants under
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00119-00031168-00031407 normal circumstances peptidoglycan
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00120-00031408-00031623 precursors signal a reorganization of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00121-00031624-00031823 the bacterial cell wall and as a
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00122-00031824-00032023 consequence trigger the activation of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00123-00032024-00032311 autolytic cell wall hydrolases
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00124-00032312-00032479 inhibition of cross-linkage by
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00125-00032480-00032670 beta-lactams causes a buildup of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00126-00032672-00032902 peptidoglycan precursors which triggers
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00127-00032903-00033143 the digestion of existing peptidoglycan
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00128-00033144-00033343 by autolytic hydrolases without the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00129-00033344-00033615 production of new peptidoglycan
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00130-00033616-00033855 as a result the bactericidal action of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00131-00033856-00034062 beta-lactam antibiotics is further
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00132-00034063-00034702 enhanced
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00133-00034703-00035246 topic potency
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00134-00035247-00035455 two structural features of beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00135-00035456-00035655 antibiotics have been correlated with
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00136-00035656-00035887 their antibiotic potency
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00137-00035888-00036102 the first is known as woodward's
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00138-00036103-00036230 parameter
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00139-00036231-00036446 h and is the height in angstroms of the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00140-00036447-00036662 pyramid formed by the nitrogen atom of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00141-00036663-00036855 the beta-lactam as the apex and the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00142-00036856-00037159 three adjacent carbon atoms as the base
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00143-00037160-00037487 the second is called cohen's parameter
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00144-00037488-00037718 c and is the distance between the carbon
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00145-00037719-00037918 atom of the carboxylate and the oxygen
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00146-00037919-00038183 atom of the beta-lactam carbonyl
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00147-00038184-00038367 this distance is thought to correspond
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00148-00038368-00038574 to the distance between the carboxylate
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00149-00038575-00038783 binding site and the oxyanion whole of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00150-00038784-00038990 the pbp enzyme
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00151-00038991-00039190 the best antibiotics are those with
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00152-00039191-00039390 higher h values more reactive to
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00153-00039391-00039630 hydrolysis and lower c values better
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00154-00039631-00040359 binding to pbps
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00155-00040360-00040951 topic modes of resistance
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00156-00040952-00041151 by definition all beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00157-00041152-00041367 antibiotics have a beta-lactam ring in
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00158-00041368-00041511 their structure
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00159-00041512-00041727 the effectiveness of these antibiotics
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00160-00041728-00041974 relies on their ability to reach the pbp
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00161-00041975-00042183 intact and their ability to bind to the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00162-00042184-00042343 pbp
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00163-00042344-00042511 hence there are two main modes of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00164-00042512-00043199 bacterial resistance to beta-lactams
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00165-00043200-00043446 topic enzymatic hydrolysis of the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00166-00043447-00043911 beta-lactam ring
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00167-00043912-00044139 if the bacterium produces the enzyme
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00168-00044140-00044318 beta-lactamase or the enzyme
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00169-00044319-00044551 penicillinase the enzyme will hydrolyze
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00170-00044552-00044774 the beta-lactam ring of the antibiotic
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00171-00044775-00044999 rendering the antibiotic ineffective an
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00172-00045000-00045223 example of such an enzyme is new delhi
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00173-00045224-00045483 metallobeta lactamase 1. discovered in
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00174-00045484-00045774 2009 the genes encoding these enzymes
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00175-00045775-00045927 may be inherently present on the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00176-00045928-00046158 bacterial chromosome or may be acquired
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00177-00046159-00046407 via plasmid transfer plasmid-mediated
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00178-00046408-00046630 resistance and beta-lactamase gene
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00179-00046631-00046846 expression may be induced by exposure to
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00180-00046847-00047055 beta-lactams
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00181-00047056-00047279 the production of a beta-lactamase by a
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00182-00047280-00047502 bacterium does not necessarily rule out
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00183-00047503-00047711 all treatment options with beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00184-00047712-00047886 antibiotics
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00185-00047887-00048079 in some instances beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00186-00048080-00048295 antibiotics may be co-administered with
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00187-00048296-00048543 a beta-lactamase inhibitor
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00188-00048544-00048839 for example augmentin fgp is made of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00189-00048840-00049095 amoxicillin a beta-lactam antibiotic and
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00190-00049096-00049311 clavalanic acid a beta-lactamase
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00191-00049312-00049446 inhibitor
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00192-00049447-00049646 the clavalanic acid is designed to
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00193-00049647-00049895 overwhelm all beta-lactamase enzymes and
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00194-00049896-00050102 effectively serve as an antagonist so
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00195-00050103-00050302 that the amoxicillin is not affected by
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00196-00050303-00050599 the beta-lactamase enzymes
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00197-00050600-00050830 other beta-lactamase inhibitors such as
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00198-00050831-00051039 boronic acids are being studied in which
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00199-00051040-00051238 they irreversibly bind to the active
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00200-00051239-00051470 site of beta-lactamuses
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00201-00051471-00051694 this is a benefit over clavolinic acid
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00202-00051695-00051887 and similar beta-lactam competitors
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00203-00051888-00052079 because they cannot be hydrolyzed and
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00204-00052079-00052302 therefore rendered useless
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00205-00052303-00052511 extensive research is currently being
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00206-00052512-00052719 done to develop tailored boronic acids
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00207-00052720-00052899 to target different isozymes of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00208-00052900-00053159 beta-lactamuses however in all cases
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00209-00053160-00053307 where infection with beta-lactamase
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00210-00053308-00053487 beta-lactamase-producing bacteria is
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00211-00053488-00053671 suspected the choice of a suitable
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00212-00053672-00053863 beta-lactam antibiotic should be
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00213-00053864-00054135 carefully considered prior to treatment
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00214-00054136-00054342 in particular choosing appropriate
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00215-00054344-00054575 beta-lactam antibiotic therapy is of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00216-00054576-00054775 utmost importance against organisms
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00217-00054776-00054903 which harbour some level of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00218-00054904-00055135 beta-lactamase expression
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00219-00055136-00055359 in this case failure to use the most
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00220-00055360-00055559 appropriate beta-lactam antibiotic
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00221-00055560-00055750 therapy at the onset of treatment could
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00222-00055751-00055959 result in selection for bacteria with
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00223-00055960-00056142 higher levels of beta-lactamase
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00224-00056144-00056319 expression thereby making further
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00225-00056320-00056471 efforts with other beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00226-00056472-00057175 antibiotics more difficult
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00227-00057176-00057438 topic possession of altered penicillin
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00228-00057439-00057911 binding proteins
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00229-00057912-00058135 as a response to the use of beta-lactams
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00230-00058136-00058366 to control bacterial infections some
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00231-00058367-00058599 bacteria have evolved penicillin-binding
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00232-00058600-00058854 proteins with novel structures
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00233-00058855-00059103 beta-lactam antibiotics cannot bind as
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00234-00059104-00059375 effectively to these altered pbps and as
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00235-00059376-00059559 a result the beta-lactams are less
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00236-00059560-00059735 effective at disrupting cell wall
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00237-00059736-00059887 synthesis
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00238-00059888-00060063 notable examples of this mode of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00239-00060064-00060287 resistance include methicillin-resistant
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00240-00060288-00060535 staphylococcus aureus mrsa and
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00241-00060536-00060719 penicillin resistant streptococcus
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00242-00060720-00060863 pneumoniae
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00243-00060864-00061135 altered pbps do not necessarily rule out
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00244-00061136-00061335 all treatment options with beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00245-00061336-00062006 antibiotics
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00246-00062007-00062542 topic nomenclature
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00247-00062544-00062750 beta lactams are classified according to
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00248-00062751-00063006 their core ring structures
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00249-00063007-00063215 beta lactams fuse to saturated
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00250-00063216-00063430 five-membered rings
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00251-00063432-00063647 beta-lactams containing thiazolidine
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00252-00063648-00063887 rings are named penums
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00253-00063888-00064126 beta-lactams containing pyrolydine rings
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00254-00064127-00064366 are named carbipenems
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00255-00064367-00064606 beta-lactams fused to oxazolidine rings
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00256-00064607-00064911 are named oxypenums or clavums
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00257-00064912-00065135 beta-lactams fuse to unsaturated
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00258-00065136-00065350 five-membered rings
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00259-00065351-00065555 beta-lactams containing two
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00260-00065556-00065726 three-dihydrothiazole rings are named
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00261-00065727-00065894 penums
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00262-00065895-00066099 beta lactams containing two three
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00263-00066100-00066326 dihydro1h pyrrole rings are named
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00264-00066327-00066526 carbipenems
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00265-00066527-00066750 beta-lactams fused to unsaturated
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00266-00066751-00066967 six-membered rings
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00267-00066968-00067375 beta-lactams containing 3 6-dihydro2h1
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00268-00067376-00067671 thiazine rings are named sephams
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00269-00067672-00067935 beta lactams containing one two three
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00270-00067936-00068150 four tetrahydropyridine rings are named
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00271-00068151-00068359 carbacephans
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00272-00068360-00068767 beta-lactams containing 3 6-dihydro2h1
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00273-00068768-00069087 oxygen rings are named oxacephams
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00274-00069088-00069319 beta-lactams not fused to any other ring
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00275-00069320-00069559 are named monobacters by convention the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00276-00069560-00069759 bicyclic beta-lactams are numbered
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00277-00069760-00069959 starting with the position occupied by
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00278-00069960-00070135 sulfur in the penems and cephams
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00279-00070136-00070311 regardless of which atom it is in a
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00280-00070312-00070471 given class
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00281-00070472-00070711 that is position 1 is always adjacent to
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00282-00070712-00070975 the beta carbon of beta-lactam ring
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00283-00070976-00071175 the numbering continues clockwise from
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00284-00071176-00071382 position 1 until the beta-carbon of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00285-00071383-00071591 beta-lactam is reached at which point
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00286-00071592-00071791 numbering continues counterclockwise
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00287-00071792-00071950 around the lactam ring to number the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00288-00071951-00072159 remaining two carbons
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00289-00072160-00072375 for example the nitrogen atom of all
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00290-00072376-00072582 bicyclic beta-lactams fused to
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00291-00072583-00072791 five-membered rings is labeled position
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00292-00072792-00073047 four as it is in penums while in cephams
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00293-00073048-00073343 the nitrogen is position 5.
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00294-00073344-00073543 the numbering of monobacterms follows
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00295-00073544-00073815 that of the iupac the nitrogen atom is
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00296-00073816-00074094 position 1. the carbonyl carbon is 2 the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00297-00074095-00074943 alpha carbon is 3 and the beta carbon 4
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00298-00074944-00075511 topic biosynthesis
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00299-00075512-00075687 today two distinct methods of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00300-00075688-00075919 biosynthesizing the beta-lactam core of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00301-00075920-00076119 this family of antibiotics have been
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00302-00076120-00076247 discovered
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00303-00076248-00076455 the first pathway discovered was that of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00304-00076456-00076719 the penems and cephams this path begins
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00305-00076720-00076975 with a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00306-00076976-00077382 nrps acv synthetase acvs which generates
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00307-00077383-00077599 the linear tripeptide delta l-alpha
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00308-00077600-00077975 aminodipole l-cysteine divalene acv
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00309-00077976-00078238 acv is oxidatively cyclised two
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00310-00078239-00078503 cyclisations by a single enzyme to buy
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00311-00078504-00078759 cyclic intermediate isopenicillin n by
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00312-00078760-00079071 isopenicillin n synthase ipns to form
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00313-00079072-00079287 the penem core structure
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00314-00079288-00079494 various transamidations lead to the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00315-00079495-00079759 different natural penicillins
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00316-00079760-00079991 the biosynthesis of cephams branch off
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00317-00079992-00080255 at isopenicillin n by an oxidative ring
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00318-00080256-00080487 expansion to the cepham core
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00319-00080488-00080679 as with the penems the variety of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00320-00080680-00080926 cephalosporins and cephamysins come from
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00321-00080927-00081150 different transamidations as is the case
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00322-00081151-00081367 for the penicillins
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00323-00081368-00081559 while the ring closure in penums and
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00324-00081560-00081750 cephams is between positions one and
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00325-00081751-00081975 four of the beta lactum and is oxidative
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00326-00081976-00082167 the clavums and carbipenums have their
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00327-00082168-00082399 rings closed by two electron processes
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00328-00082400-00082575 between positions one and two of the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00329-00082576-00082679 ring
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00330-00082680-00082903 beta-lactam synthetases are responsible
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00331-00082904-00083079 for these cyclisations and the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00332-00083080-00083311 carboxylate of the open-ring substrates
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00333-00083312-00083550 is activated by atp
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00334-00083551-00083782 in clarvams the beta-lactam is formed
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00335-00083783-00084015 prior to the second ring in carbipenems
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00336-00084016-00084238 the beta-lactam ring is closed second in
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00337-00084239-00084415 sequence
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00338-00084416-00084638 the biosynthesis of the beta-lactam ring
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00339-00084639-00084847 of tab toxin mirrors that of the clavums
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00340-00084848-00085015 and carbipenems
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00341-00085016-00085191 the closure of the lactam ring in the
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00342-00085192-00085438 other monobactins such as sulfasachin
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00343-00085439-00085655 and the nocartisans may involve a third
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00344-00085656-00085838 mechanism involving inversion of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00345-00085839-00086599 configuration at the beta carbon
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00346-00086600-00087150 topic see also
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00347-00087151-00087462 list of beta-lactam antibiotics
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00348-00087463-00087838 atc code j01c beta-lactam antibacterials
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00349-00087839-00088038 penicillins
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00350-00088039-00088335 atc code j01d other beta-lactam
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00351-00088336-00088550 antibacterials
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00352-00088551-00088735 bacteria
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00353-00088736-00088918 cell wall
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00354-00088919-00089055 discovery and development of
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00355-00089056-00089279 cephalosporins
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00356-00089280-00089511 history of penicillin
lwJ7JVUCOfg-00357-00089512-00089868 nitrous fin
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00000-00000224-00000407 okay so moving on to our
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00001-00000408-00000607 interesting question which is how far
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00002-00000608-00000726 away are the stars
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00003-00000727-00000991 and how do we measure that distance i
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00004-00000992-00001079 want to
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00005-00001080-00001278 ask you a bit of a warm-up question
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00006-00001279-00001470 which is this
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00007-00001471-00001630 when we talk about distances here on
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00008-00001632-00001902 earth sometimes we refer to them
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00009-00001903-00002102 colloquially with a time right
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00010-00002103-00002215 especially if we're talking about
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00011-00002216-00002318 traveling there
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00012-00002319-00002479 so suppose somebody tells you that it
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00013-00002480-00002695 takes two hours to drive to portland
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00014-00002696-00002831 you're gonna assume that they're
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00015-00002832-00003087 averaging 60 miles an hour on i-5
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00016-00003088-00003295 how would you use that information to
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00017-00003296-00003486 find the distance to portland if you
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00018-00003488-00003670 didn't know the distance
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00019-00003671-00004031 so as the other chat questions
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00020-00004032-00004143 take a minute to think about your
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00021-00004144-00004303 response and type it in the chat but
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00022-00004304-00004399 don't hit send until
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00023-00004400-00004743 i tell you to all right
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00024-00004744-00005095 so i'm seeing a lot of similar ideas
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00025-00005096-00005167 coming through
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00026-00005168-00005431 which is that we make use of the travel
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00027-00005432-00005470 time
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00028-00005471-00005718 stated and the average distance that we
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00029-00005719-00005918 assume our average speed that we assume
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00030-00005919-00006231 in order to calculate the distance and
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00031-00006232-00006687 if we multiply our 60 miles per hour
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00032-00006688-00006919 you could rewrite this mph you could
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00033-00006920-00007151 write it miles divided by hours
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00034-00007152-00007367 so then when you multiply by 2 hours the
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00035-00007368-00007534 hours would cancel out
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00036-00007536-00007839 and so then 60 times 2 would give us 120
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00037-00007840-00007903 miles
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00038-00007904-00008207 more or less and the same exact idea
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00039-00008208-00008455 applies when we talk about distance to
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00040-00008456-00008614 the stars
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00041-00008615-00008783 and this is actually the basis for the
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00042-00008784-00008959 unit that we call the light year
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00043-00008960-00009246 so even though the word year is in this
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00044-00009247-00009471 unit's name it is not a unit of time
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00045-00009472-00009614 it's unit of distance
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00046-00009615-00009806 and it's based around the fact that
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00047-00009807-00010014 light has a speed limit nothing can
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00048-00010015-00010159 travel faster than that
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00049-00010160-00010495 and it's about 2.9 times 10 to the
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00050-00010496-00010567 eighth
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00051-00010568-00010895 meters per second so um when we
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00052-00010896-00011087 when we talk about you know travel time
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00053-00011088-00011271 to portland we say portland is two hours
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00054-00011272-00011495 from eugene but we don't actually mean
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00055-00011496-00011735 that the distance is two hours right we
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00056-00011736-00012055 of course mean the distance is 120 miles
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00057-00012056-00012223 and the light year is very similar when
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00058-00012224-00012391 we say alpha centauri which is our
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00059-00012392-00012503 nearest star
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00060-00012504-00012670 when we say alpha centauri is four light
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00061-00012671-00012886 years from the sun what we actually mean
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00062-00012887-00013102 is that it takes light four years to
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00063-00013103-00013222 travel there
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00064-00013223-00013486 and it travels at light speed so if we
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00065-00013487-00013751 wanted to we could take this
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00066-00013752-00013966 this cosmic speed limit in the units of
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00067-00013968-00014094 meters per second
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00068-00014095-00014335 multiply it by the number of seconds in
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00069-00014336-00014511 a year and we would have
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00070-00014512-00014799 the light year in terms of meters and
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00071-00014800-00014871 i'm not going to
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00072-00014872-00015150 go through it but one light year for
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00073-00015151-00015286 your information is about
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00074-00015287-00015494 nine and a half times ten to the 15
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00075-00015495-00015694 meters
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00076-00015695-00015975 right so the light year isn't the only
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00077-00015976-00016255 unit of distance to the stars but it's
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00078-00016256-00016430 i guess i would argue one of the most
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00079-00016431-00016639 fundamental distance units
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00080-00016640-00016822 because it's based on the speed of light
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00081-00016823-00016975 which is an absolute
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00082-00016976-00017294 known constant okay
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00083-00017295-00017455 so let's suppose that we want to send a
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00084-00017456-00017647 signal with light let's think about what
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00085-00017648-00017927 this cause speed limit actually means if
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00086-00017928-00018175 alpha centauri are near stars 4.4 light
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00087-00018176-00018247 years away
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00088-00018248-00018543 and we send a message to alpha sen with
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00089-00018544-00018647 white
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00090-00018648-00018807 then assuming that there's an
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00091-00018808-00019039 intelligent uh civilization there that's
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00092-00019040-00019207 going to read our signal and send us
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00093-00019208-00019367 back one straight away
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00094-00019368-00019519 um how long should we wait before we
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00095-00019520-00019719 check for a response
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00096-00019720-00020039 okay i see votes split between b
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00097-00020040-00020367 and c which is fine so um
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00098-00020368-00020486 i'm not going to have you discuss this
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00099-00020487-00020655 in groups but there's one thing you may
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00100-00020656-00020791 have overlooked so
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00101-00020792-00021039 let's say this blue circle represents
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00102-00021040-00021239 earth and then that star is alpha
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00103-00021240-00021343 centauri
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00104-00021344-00021655 if we send alpha sen a signal it will
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00105-00021656-00021967 take 4.4 years before our signal reaches
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00106-00021968-00022071 them
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00107-00022072-00022286 and then if they send a signal back we
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00108-00022287-00022494 have to wait another 4.4 years while
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00109-00022495-00022839 the light back to us and that's assuming
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00110-00022840-00022886 they
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00111-00022887-00023239 respond immediately um whereas if i was
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00112-00023240-00023278 an
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00113-00023279-00023550 extraterrestrial civilization receiving
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00114-00023551-00023735 a signal for the first time from another
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00115-00023736-00023871 intelligent civilization
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00116-00023872-00024135 i would take my time to respond but
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00117-00024136-00024183 anyway
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00118-00024184-00024358 so 8.8 years would be the fastest we
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00119-00024359-00024558 could possibly hear back
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00120-00024559-00024814 okay and this idea that light takes time
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00121-00024815-00024983 to travel through the universe and get
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00122-00024984-00025047 places
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00123-00025048-00025247 and and carry information about the
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00124-00025248-00025463 stars or about us with it
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00125-00025464-00025639 that means that we can actually look
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00126-00025639-00025822 back in time by looking farther away in
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00127-00025823-00025902 space
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00128-00025904-00026055 so what we're seeing the light that we
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00129-00026056-00026246 see when we look up at the stars
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00130-00026247-00026567 is has spent uh years coming to us
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00131-00026568-00026743 uh the shortest it could have possibly
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00132-00026744-00026927 come for my near nearby star would be
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00133-00026927-00027046 4.4 years
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00134-00027047-00027214 right everything else is farther than
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00135-00027216-00027343 that all the other stars are farther
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00136-00027344-00027399 away
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00137-00027400-00027583 so when we look at alpha centauri we're
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00138-00027583-00027702 seeing it as it was
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00139-00027704-00027983 4.4 years ago if we look at a star
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00140-00027983-00028118 that's 50 light years away
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00141-00028119-00028487 we're seeing as it was 50 years ago etc
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00142-00028488-00028655 so i think this is pretty cool because
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00143-00028656-00028855 this is how we can actually see
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00144-00028856-00029070 back in time back in the history of our
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00145-00029072-00029167 universe
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00146-00029168-00029318 just by looking farther and farther
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00147-00029319-00029543 afield
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00148-00029544-00029887 related to the um prefixes
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00149-00029888-00030183 so si prefixes are represented by
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00150-00030183-00030351 letters and sometimes by
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00151-00030352-00030679 greek letters and those take the place
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00152-00030680-00031062 of the 10 to the number right so they
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00153-00031063-00031223 take the place of the exponent
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00154-00031224-00031551 in our scientific notation and so when i
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00155-00031552-00031631 look at the
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00156-00031632-00031943 size of the distance from the milky way
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00157-00031944-00032118 to andromeda in light years
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00158-00032119-00032343 i get 2.54 times 10 to the six light
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00159-00032344-00032423 years
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00160-00032424-00032623 which one of these correctly describes
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00161-00032624-00032831 that distance is a way to restate that
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00162-00032832-00033223 number
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00163-00033224-00033535 all right so if you haven't seen si
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00164-00033536-00033735 prefixes for a long time again
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00165-00033736-00033951 appendix c should probably be your
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00166-00033952-00034062 friend
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00167-00034063-00034246 and let me just go through these so you
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00168-00034247-00034399 know which these are because these are
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00169-00034400-00034527 pretty common ones
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00170-00034528-00034839 um mu is micro which is 10 to the minus
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00171-00034840-00034902 six
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00172-00034903-00035071 so that's definitely not right that's a
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00173-00035072-00035335 very small si prefix
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00174-00035336-00035630 lowercase m is milli like millimeter and
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00175-00035631-00035895 that's ten to the minus three
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00176-00035896-00036127 kilo like kilometer that's ten to the
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00177-00036128-00036279 plus three
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00178-00036280-00036583 mega is ten in the plot positive six so
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00179-00036584-00036702 that's our answer here
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00180-00036703-00036855 that the distance from milky way to
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00181-00036856-00037102 andromeda is 2.54
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00182-00037103-00037383 mega light years and the last one
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00183-00037384-00037455 capital g
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00184-00037456-00037735 is giga which is 10 to the plus nine um
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00185-00037736-00037887 let's see we'll also come across
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00186-00037888-00038079 nano in this class which is 10 to the
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00187-00038080-00038271 minus 9
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00188-00038272-00038455 so you'll see that next week and when
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00189-00038456-00038687 you see it nano meters 10 to the minus 9
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00190-00038688-00038743 meters
lxNrNZ7s0z0-00191-00038744-00039208 that's what that means
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00000-00000196-00000952 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00001-00000953-00001261 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00002-00001262-00003017 my sister
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00003-00003018-00003208 I'm not gonna relax
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00004-00003209-00003526 whatever
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00005-00003527-00004195 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00006-00004196-00004415 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00007-00004416-00004691 students
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00008-00004692-00006879 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00009-00006880-00008539 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00010-00008540-00008887 I think
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00011-00008888-00009052 yeah
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00012-00009053-00009949 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00013-00009950-00010532 thank you
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00014-00010533-00010987 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00015-00010988-00011473 it was not easy of course Beethoven 2016
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00016-00011474-00011746 when they were break out in South Sudan
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00017-00011747-00012173 I get cool going so from nowhere we just
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00018-00012174-00012349 create this business we are having
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00019-00012350-00012742 around 300 Uganda ceilings wow we
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00020-00012743-00012899 started from there
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00021-00012900-00013169 one machine from one machine right now
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00022-00013169-00013408 we're having over 15 machines and then
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00023-00013409-00013636 one machine is costing I think one
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00024-00013637-00013816 thousand dollars is one thousand dollar
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00025-00013818-00014086 one machine yeah so we're having more
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00026-00014087-00014177 than 15
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00027-00014178-00014447 minutes more than fifteen more than 15.
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00028-00014447-00014771 because we are having in Cuba in koboko
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00029-00014772-00015053 and this is this is the mother business
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00030-00015054-00015311 this is the center yeah we have a seven
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00031-00015312-00015538 seven months in this business seven
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00032-00015540-00016154 months seven years I
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00033-00016155-00016986 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00034-00016987-00017230 we have so many students that we have
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00035-00017231-00017429 already graduated from this place really
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00036-00017430-00017747 yeah wow like in Cuba we have school of
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00037-00017748-00017885 Designing
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00038-00017886-00018113 is the branch of this one here
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00039-00018114-00018222 yeah
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00040-00018223-00018622 we do fashion and designing even clothes
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00041-00018623-00018947 I'm in this African wear the bed sheets
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00042-00018948-00019079 the table clothes
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00043-00019080-00019379 at this what we call solitary parts we
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00044-00019380-00019613 make out of these machines wow that's
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00045-00019614-00020200 what we do here we're always busy yes
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00046-00020201-00020341 yes yeah
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00047-00020342-00020694 this is
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00048-00020695-00020963 yeah they always everything they get it
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00049-00020964-00021865 from our place yeah wow wow yeah
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00050-00021866-00022621 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00051-00022622-00023083 you can do everything thank you wow
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00052-00023084-00023411 thank you and if you go back we have our
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00053-00023412-00023621 message is our brothers and sisters
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00054-00023622-00024041 there you should come back come back and
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00055-00024042-00024430 we build our own country wow yeah we
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00056-00024431-00024622 need them to come back and they will
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00057-00024623-00025030 love all of them yeah thank you this is
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00058-00025031-00025278 a great message
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00059-00025279-00025401 yes yes
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00060-00025402-00026028 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00061-00026029-00026633 of course yeah sure
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00062-00026635-00028135 [Laughter]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00063-00028136-00028362 wow
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00064-00028363-00028720 very good place very good place
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00066-00035435-00035795 [Music]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00067-00035796-00037189 [Applause]
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00068-00037190-00037471 you can
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00069-00037472-00037667 create another
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00070-00037668-00039095 foreign
lyAIzFCI9Nc-00071-00039096-00039404 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00000-00000925-00001239 hey guys what's up Anakin James here
l_3mITSz81u-00001-00001240-00001533 back at it with another video I know
l_3mITSz81u-00002-00001534-00001914 it's been a minute so yeah I actually
l_3mITSz81u-00003-00001914-00002199 just got back home to my mom's house and
l_3mITSz81u-00004-00002200-00002615 my dad and I got Panera it's on my story
l_3mITSz81u-00005-00002616-00003158 so if y'all want to it's at Annie man be
l_3mITSz81u-00006-00003159-00003506 a and I dot ma n and as in Nancy abusing
l_3mITSz81u-00007-00003507-00003929 boy Y so today what I'm going to be
l_3mITSz81u-00008-00003931-00004419 doing is the try not to cry challenge I
l_3mITSz81u-00009-00004420-00004608 don't actually know if this is a
l_3mITSz81u-00010-00004609-00004869 challenge I'm gonna I'm wondering if it
l_3mITSz81u-00011-00004870-00005160 actually is because I'm gonna look it up
l_3mITSz81u-00012-00005161-00005790 is there a try not to cry challenge
l_3mITSz81u-00013-00005791-00006072 react yes there is a try not to cry
l_3mITSz81u-00014-00006073-00006375 challenge so basically what video I'm
l_3mITSz81u-00015-00006376-00006651 gonna be looking at is this video that I
l_3mITSz81u-00016-00006652-00006842 saw and my mom actually shared it with
l_3mITSz81u-00017-00006843-00007070 me and I thought it was really cool it
l_3mITSz81u-00018-00007072-00007331 actually kind of hit quite close to home
l_3mITSz81u-00019-00007333-00007581 for me because I'm actually adopted and
l_3mITSz81u-00020-00007581-00007851 so I'm actually I'm adopted from China
l_3mITSz81u-00021-00007852-00008118 so it like kind of hit home a little bit
l_3mITSz81u-00022-00008119-00008600 to me so this video is called my
l_3mITSz81u-00023-00008601-00009078 beautiful my beautiful women and so I've
l_3mITSz81u-00024-00009079-00009255 actually watched this video before but
l_3mITSz81u-00025-00009256-00009495 every time I watch it every single time
l_3mITSz81u-00026-00009496-00009741 I always get so emotional because it
l_3mITSz81u-00027-00009742-00009912 always hits so close to home for me and
l_3mITSz81u-00028-00009913-00010320 I really appreciate the video a lot yeah
l_3mITSz81u-00029-00010321-00010437 let's do it
l_3mITSz81u-00030-00010438-00010656 all you need to know is that this is a
l_3mITSz81u-00031-00010657-00011135 Thai commercial and it's a very good
l_3mITSz81u-00032-00011136-00011430 commercial that's it all right here we
l_3mITSz81u-00033-00011431-00011697 go
l_3mITSz81u-00034-00011698-00012583 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00035-00012584-00012891 I'm not gonna lie that little girl looks
l_3mITSz81u-00036-00012892-00013238 like me like a little kid you know
l_3mITSz81u-00037-00013238-00013776 fellow Asian I'm an Asian
l_3mITSz81u-00038-00013777-00015371 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00039-00015372-00015900 Taji Jane Finn Essex a PDC javelin cap
l_3mITSz81u-00040-00015901-00016449 Thor me some sink a play button will I
l_3mITSz81u-00041-00016450-00017088 don't think I'm asleep cabal Nelson
l_3mITSz81u-00042-00017089-00017728 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00043-00017729-00018059 Coenen time and why'd you tell me look
l_3mITSz81u-00044-00018060-00018377 at that you said bad but I'm talk about
l_3mITSz81u-00045-00018378-00018493 what I'll be no mercy
l_3mITSz81u-00046-00018494-00020705 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00047-00020706-00020867 that's cute
l_3mITSz81u-00048-00020868-00020979 that's really cute
l_3mITSz81u-00049-00020980-00022372 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00050-00022373-00023186 I I'm probably gonna cry so if I get
l_3mITSz81u-00051-00023187-00023505 teary-eyed I'm sorry
l_3mITSz81u-00052-00023506-00023868 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00053-00023869-00023998 this is really cute
l_3mITSz81u-00054-00023999-00025315 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00055-00025316-00025509 [Applause]
l_3mITSz81u-00056-00025510-00026761 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00057-00026762-00027052 I've been reading the madam inherently
l_3mITSz81u-00058-00027052-00027479 mythical story midotaur deadline there
l_3mITSz81u-00059-00027480-00027770 are digitally in tune and I might have
l_3mITSz81u-00060-00027770-00030347 been willing to serve a monopoly about
l_3mITSz81u-00061-00030348-00031312 wanting to convene a to me
l_3mITSz81u-00062-00031313-00032093 but a momentary meeting
l_3mITSz81u-00063-00032094-00033983 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00065-00037751-00038015 this gives me the chills every single
l_3mITSz81u-00066-00038016-00039562 time I watch it
l_3mITSz81u-00067-00039563-00041195 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00068-00041196-00042027 the moment led me in the amount of
l_3mITSz81u-00069-00042028-00042159 Madiba
l_3mITSz81u-00070-00042160-00042916 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00071-00042917-00045313 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00072-00045314-00045900 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00073-00045901-00045991 [Applause]
l_3mITSz81u-00074-00045992-00046588 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00075-00046589-00046628 [Applause]
l_3mITSz81u-00076-00046629-00047318 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00077-00047319-00047499 [Applause]
l_3mITSz81u-00078-00047500-00049844 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00079-00049845-00050485 [Music]
l_3mITSz81u-00080-00050486-00051814 oh my god oh oh it's a really really
l_3mITSz81u-00081-00051815-00053132 good video
l_3mITSz81u-00082-00053133-00054050 yeah so that's the video yeah I think
l_3mITSz81u-00083-00054051-00054436 well I know probably one of the many
l_3mITSz81u-00084-00054437-00054630 reasons why I cry every single time I
l_3mITSz81u-00085-00054631-00054934 watch this video is because this video
l_3mITSz81u-00086-00054935-00055234 is it just hits so close to home for me
l_3mITSz81u-00087-00055235-00055629 because I was adopted so I'm racing a
l_3mITSz81u-00088-00055630-00056229 white family and don't get me wrong I'm
l_3mITSz81u-00089-00056230-00056515 very thankful that my parents raised me
l_3mITSz81u-00090-00056516-00056935 you know like raised me to be a good kid
l_3mITSz81u-00091-00056936-00057204 take good grades get a good job you know
l_3mITSz81u-00092-00057205-00057567 all that good stuff but it just it hits
l_3mITSz81u-00093-00057568-00057888 so close to home because like I don't
l_3mITSz81u-00094-00057889-00058149 know that little girls never gonna see
l_3mITSz81u-00095-00058150-00058338 her birth mom
l_3mITSz81u-00096-00058339-00058585 which is sad I'm probably never ever
l_3mITSz81u-00097-00058586-00059199 gonna see my birth mom but yet she has a
l_3mITSz81u-00098-00059200-00059676 mom that loves her very much and decided
l_3mITSz81u-00099-00059677-00060179 to risk everything literally everything
l_3mITSz81u-00100-00060180-00060499 to raise this little kid and I just
l_3mITSz81u-00101-00060500-00060681 think that's so beautiful I think that's
l_3mITSz81u-00102-00060682-00061029 one of the most beautiful things about
l_3mITSz81u-00103-00061030-00061603 this video and it literally brings tears
l_3mITSz81u-00104-00061604-00062028 to my eyes okay don't judge but yeah so
l_3mITSz81u-00105-00062029-00062268 this is kind of a short video I guess
l_3mITSz81u-00106-00062269-00063281 but I hope you I I love this video
l_3mITSz81u-00107-00063282-00063591 that's all I have for today guys please
l_3mITSz81u-00108-00063592-00063774 make sure to give this video a like
l_3mITSz81u-00109-00063775-00063999 please make sure to comment down below
l_3mITSz81u-00110-00064000-00064244 what you want to see in the next video
l_3mITSz81u-00111-00064245-00064749 please make sure to share this video and
l_3mITSz81u-00112-00064750-00065061 don't forget to subscribe have a good
l_3mITSz81u-00113-00065062-00065364 day guys and I'll see you guys later
l_3mITSz81u-00114-00065365-00066082 [Music]
lCak3C881WY-00000-00000529-00000912 Fascinate I had a strange dream
lCak3C881WY-00001-00000913-00001343 it was about oh lovely couple
lCak3C881WY-00002-00001344-00001679 I have loved each other very much
lCak3C881WY-00003-00001680-00001937 then the point went missing
lCak3C881WY-00004-00001938-00002149 sounded the girl
lCak3C881WY-00005-00002150-00002865 and now was given
lCak3C881WY-00006-00002866-00005253 [Music]
lCak3C881WY-00007-00005254-00005431 [Applause]
lCak3C881WY-00008-00005432-00005537 thank you
lCak3C881WY-00010-00009046-00011549 [Music]
lCak3C881WY-00011-00011550-00013177 foreign
lCak3C881WY-00012-00013178-00014480 [Music]
lCak3C881WY-00013-00014481-00014758 [Applause]
lCak3C881WY-00014-00014759-00015213 foreign
lCak3C881WY-00016-00018650-00018802 thank you
lCak3C881WY-00017-00018803-00019200 [Music]
lCak3C881WY-00018-00019201-00019613 where am I
lCak3C881WY-00019-00019614-00019864 hello
lCak3C881WY-00020-00019865-00020323 hello
lCak3C881WY-00021-00020324-00021293 [Music]
lCak3C881WY-00022-00021294-00022030 foreign
lCak3C881WY-00023-00022031-00022358 [Music]