vYHzGysCZg4-00000-00000030-00001028 [Music]
vYHzGysCZg4-00001-00001029-00001423 [Applause]
vYHzGysCZg4-00002-00001424-00001667 welcome back to this and Patel course on
vYHzGysCZg4-00003-00001668-00001876 game theory in the previous session we
vYHzGysCZg4-00004-00001877-00002092 introduced the notion of evolutionary
vYHzGysCZg4-00005-00002093-00002504 stable strategy we continue discussing
vYHzGysCZg4-00006-00002505-00002750 about this in fact in the last session
vYHzGysCZg4-00007-00002751-00003215 we ended with an example but of course
vYHzGysCZg4-00008-00003215-00003379 we haven't given a complete details I
vYHzGysCZg4-00009-00003380-00003836 will recall this example again so it's a
vYHzGysCZg4-00010-00003836-00004631 hot day example in the hawk know game
vYHzGysCZg4-00011-00004632-00004927 what we have is that it's a species
vYHzGysCZg4-00012-00004928-00005225 having two behaviors one is Hawk
vYHzGysCZg4-00013-00005226-00005545 behavior and other is no behavior if two
vYHzGysCZg4-00014-00005546-00005929 species of hawk behavior encounter they
vYHzGysCZg4-00015-00005930-00006143 fight for the resource the resource has
vYHzGysCZg4-00016-00006144-00006905 a worth V and if they fight one of them
vYHzGysCZg4-00017-00006906-00007241 has to concede in fact one of them will
vYHzGysCZg4-00018-00007242-00007430 lose the resource to the other one so
vYHzGysCZg4-00019-00007431-00008113 the cost of losing is C therefore one
vYHzGysCZg4-00020-00008114-00008459 spacy will get V other will get minus C
vYHzGysCZg4-00021-00008460-00008696 because we are in an averaging framework
vYHzGysCZg4-00022-00008697-00009041 so therefore on an average the Hawks get
vYHzGysCZg4-00023-00009042-00009158 V minus C by 2
vYHzGysCZg4-00024-00009159-00009470 now if Hawk and doe encounter hob gets
vYHzGysCZg4-00025-00009471-00009635 the reserve dough gets nothing because
vYHzGysCZg4-00026-00009636-00009864 it's not fighting and when two dose
vYHzGysCZg4-00027-00009865-00010288 encounter they split the resource
vYHzGysCZg4-00028-00010289-00010973 so therefore the game is going to be two
vYHzGysCZg4-00029-00010974-00011569 by two again how doe hawk - if h h means
vYHzGysCZg4-00030-00011570-00012110 it is V minus C by 2 and if Hawk and doe
vYHzGysCZg4-00031-00012111-00012755 means it is Hawk will get V doe will get
vYHzGysCZg4-00032-00012756-00012796 0
vYHzGysCZg4-00033-00012797-00013082 of course we minus C by 2 V minus C by 2
vYHzGysCZg4-00034-00013083-00013424 d gets nothing and hex gets V and both
vYHzGysCZg4-00035-00013425-00014081 da means is V by 2 V by 2 now what
vYHzGysCZg4-00036-00014082-00014354 exactly is the nationally stable
vYHzGysCZg4-00037-00014355-00014522 strategy in fact computing the National
vYHzGysCZg4-00038-00014522-00014660 idiom itself is an interesting exercise
vYHzGysCZg4-00039-00014661-00014984 which you should try to do it so
vYHzGysCZg4-00040-00014985-00015485 evolutionary stable strategy so
vYHzGysCZg4-00041-00015486-00015704 evolutionary stable strategy satisfies
vYHzGysCZg4-00042-00015705-00017039 the following thing
vYHzGysCZg4-00043-00017040-00017430 it satisfies pi X epsilon y plus 1 minus
vYHzGysCZg4-00044-00017431-00017633 epsilon X is strictly greater than pi Y
vYHzGysCZg4-00045-00017634-00018044 epsilon y plus 1 minus epsilon X for all
vYHzGysCZg4-00046-00018045-00018503 epsilon between 0 and epsilon bar of
vYHzGysCZg4-00047-00018504-00018914 course Y in Delta now equivalent
vYHzGysCZg4-00048-00018915-00019092 definition is this is equivalent to
vYHzGysCZg4-00049-00019093-00019469 saying that X is symmetric Nash
vYHzGysCZg4-00050-00019470-00020084 equilibrium and PI X Y is strictly
vYHzGysCZg4-00051-00020085-00020675 greater than PI Y ey for all Y in best
vYHzGysCZg4-00052-00020676-00020987 response of X these are the two
vYHzGysCZg4-00053-00020988-00021434 conditions so compute the Nash
vYHzGysCZg4-00054-00021435-00021680 equilibrium of this game particularly we
vYHzGysCZg4-00055-00021681-00021852 need to look at the symmetric Nash atiim
vYHzGysCZg4-00056-00021853-00022041 and then verify one of these two
vYHzGysCZg4-00057-00022042-00022280 conditions and we will get the this
vYHzGysCZg4-00058-00022281-00022550 thing so I will leave a general thing as
vYHzGysCZg4-00059-00022551-00022896 an exercise but in Butler what I will do
vYHzGysCZg4-00060-00022897-00023233 right now is take this matrix a to be
vYHzGysCZg4-00061-00023234-00023836 minus 1 to 0 1 we look at this specific
vYHzGysCZg4-00062-00023837-00024225 situation and then calculate so we look
vYHzGysCZg4-00063-00024226-00025487 at the mixed strategy 1/2 1/2 and what
vYHzGysCZg4-00064-00025488-00026027 is pi Y X this is going to be if we
vYHzGysCZg4-00065-00026028-00026426 calculate the value this is nothing but
vYHzGysCZg4-00066-00026427-00027168 minus y1 by 2 plus y1 plus 1 minus y 1
vYHzGysCZg4-00067-00027169-00027504 by 2 which if you calculate this is
vYHzGysCZg4-00068-00027505-00028343 going to be 1/2 for all Y in Delta if
vYHzGysCZg4-00069-00028344-00028595 you take 1/2 1/2 as this thing and PI Y
vYHzGysCZg4-00070-00028597-00028880 X is going to be simply this so
vYHzGysCZg4-00071-00028881-00029243 basically we are using Y transpose Y 1/2
vYHzGysCZg4-00072-00029244-00029593 1/2 that's exactly this expression now
vYHzGysCZg4-00073-00029594-00030008 if we calculate pi
vYHzGysCZg4-00074-00030010-00030683 X comma y minus pi y comma Y this if you
vYHzGysCZg4-00075-00030685-00030876 really calculate using this formula or
vYHzGysCZg4-00076-00030877-00031260 whatever it is is going to be 2 y 1
vYHzGysCZg4-00077-00031261-00031557 minus 1/2 square which is strictly
vYHzGysCZg4-00078-00031558-00032457 greater than or equal to 0 okay so here
vYHzGysCZg4-00079-00032458-00033573 this equality holds only if y1 is equal
vYHzGysCZg4-00080-00033574-00034545 to 1/2 that means Y and X are one and
vYHzGysCZg4-00081-00034546-00034800 the same if Y and X are the same then
vYHzGysCZg4-00082-00034801-00034965 this particular thing is going to be
vYHzGysCZg4-00083-00034966-00035088 equal to 0 otherwise
vYHzGysCZg4-00084-00035089-00035387 this is strictly greater than 0 now this
vYHzGysCZg4-00085-00035388-00035870 implies the second condition of the
vYHzGysCZg4-00086-00035871-00036078 theorem that we have proved in the
vYHzGysCZg4-00087-00036079-00036513 previous session so now the next thing
vYHzGysCZg4-00088-00036514-00037538 that needs to check is 1/2 1/2 is
vYHzGysCZg4-00089-00037539-00038004 symmetric Nash equilibrium if 1/2 1/2 is
vYHzGysCZg4-00090-00038005-00038262 a symmetric Nash equilibrium and this
vYHzGysCZg4-00091-00038263-00038613 condition and from whatever we have done
vYHzGysCZg4-00092-00038614-00038874 it previously in the previous session
vYHzGysCZg4-00093-00038875-00039222 immediately infer we can infer that 1/2
vYHzGysCZg4-00094-00039223-00039486 1/2 is going to be the evolutionary
vYHzGysCZg4-00095-00039487-00039954 stable strategy so this is a simple
vYHzGysCZg4-00096-00039955-00040482 exercise but the all of you should try
vYHzGysCZg4-00097-00040483-00040941 solving for general this thing is what
vYHzGysCZg4-00098-00040942-00041229 is the symmetric national you computed
vYHzGysCZg4-00099-00041230-00041460 and then what is the ESS here in this
vYHzGysCZg4-00100-00041461-00041664 game and what are the conditions on V
vYHzGysCZg4-00101-00041665-00042084 and C which gives you this one so this
vYHzGysCZg4-00102-00042085-00042390 is this is just a computational exercise
vYHzGysCZg4-00103-00042391-00042855 so I will skip the details ok
vYHzGysCZg4-00104-00042856-00043454 now let us look at another game we look
vYHzGysCZg4-00105-00043455-00043764 at now rock-paper-scissors
vYHzGysCZg4-00106-00043765-00044132 so the rock-paper-scissors game has this
vYHzGysCZg4-00107-00044133-00044780 thing 0 1 minus 1 minus 1 0 1 1 minus 1
vYHzGysCZg4-00108-00044781-00045920 0
vYHzGysCZg4-00109-00045921-00046692 okay in fact we can easily verify that 1
vYHzGysCZg4-00110-00046693-00047624 by 3 1 by 3 1 by 3 is a symmetric Nash
vYHzGysCZg4-00111-00047625-00047967 equilibrium this is the in fact this is
vYHzGysCZg4-00112-00047968-00048111 the unique symmetric
vYHzGysCZg4-00113-00048112-00048399 unique national briam here so this is
vYHzGysCZg4-00114-00048400-00048668 not a hard thing to prove so this is
vYHzGysCZg4-00115-00048669-00048927 going to be a symmetric Nash atiim now
vYHzGysCZg4-00116-00048928-00050283 is this so let's check it what is going
vYHzGysCZg4-00117-00050284-00051294 to be pi X e 1 if player 2 place column
vYHzGysCZg4-00118-00051295-00051851 1 again X 1 over 3 1 over 3 1 over 3 so
vYHzGysCZg4-00119-00051852-00052110 therefore 1 over 3 into 0 1 over 3 into
vYHzGysCZg4-00120-00052111-00052578 minus 1 1 over 3 into 1 so this is 0 in
vYHzGysCZg4-00121-00052579-00053504 fact this is also same as pi e 1 e 1 so
vYHzGysCZg4-00122-00053504-00054017 the condition that we had that if even
vYHzGysCZg4-00123-00054019-00054332 is in fact a best response to 1 over 3 1
vYHzGysCZg4-00124-00054333-00054546 over 3 1 over 3 because this has an
vYHzGysCZg4-00125-00054547-00054714 equalizing property because this is a
vYHzGysCZg4-00126-00054715-00055026 completely mixed equilibrium so every
vYHzGysCZg4-00127-00055027-00055154 pure strategy will give you the same
vYHzGysCZg4-00128-00055155-00055529 value but we require whenever such a
vYHzGysCZg4-00129-00055530-00055707 thing happens even is the best response
vYHzGysCZg4-00130-00055708-00055904 to this thing we need we know that pi X
vYHzGysCZg4-00131-00055905-00056100 even should be bigger than strictly
vYHzGysCZg4-00132-00056101-00056307 bigger than PI e 1 even but that's not
vYHzGysCZg4-00133-00056308-00056832 true here therefore 1 over 3 1 over 3 1
vYHzGysCZg4-00134-00056833-00057522 over 3 is not ESS so this is a an
vYHzGysCZg4-00135-00057523-00057738 example where there is no evolutionary
vYHzGysCZg4-00136-00057739-00058224 stable strategy ok now there is some
vYHzGysCZg4-00137-00058225-00058488 interesting consequences of this
vYHzGysCZg4-00138-00058489-00058904 definition is that may recall the
vYHzGysCZg4-00139-00058905-00059171 definition of a support
vYHzGysCZg4-00140-00059172-00059657 of a mixed strategy is basically is
vYHzGysCZg4-00141-00059658-00060004 nothing but all pure strategy ci such
vYHzGysCZg4-00142-00060005-00060389 that X is greater than zero support of a
vYHzGysCZg4-00143-00060390-00060602 mixed strategy is nothing but the pure
vYHzGysCZg4-00144-00060603-00060758 strategies which are played with
vYHzGysCZg4-00145-00060759-00061100 positive probability okay let us say
vYHzGysCZg4-00146-00061101-00061816 lambda X is basically the convex hull of
vYHzGysCZg4-00147-00061817-00062282 s X so so lambda X is the convex cell of
vYHzGysCZg4-00148-00062283-00062779 all the pure strategies which have a
vYHzGysCZg4-00149-00062779-00063074 positive probability in the X so thus
vYHzGysCZg4-00150-00063075-00063429 lambda X is convex hull of s X now we
vYHzGysCZg4-00151-00063430-00063739 have the following interesting thing
vYHzGysCZg4-00152-00063740-00064495 theorem if X belongs to Delta is ESS
vYHzGysCZg4-00153-00064496-00065738 then there is no other symmetric Nash
vYHzGysCZg4-00154-00065739-00066326 equilibrium in lambda X that means if X
vYHzGysCZg4-00155-00066327-00066767 is a yes s then X is going to be the
vYHzGysCZg4-00156-00066768-00067298 only ESS where all these pure strategies
vYHzGysCZg4-00157-00067299-00067496 that are played in X are going to be
vYHzGysCZg4-00158-00067497-00067739 played so there is no other this is in
vYHzGysCZg4-00159-00067740-00068552 fact not a hard thing because X is a ESS
vYHzGysCZg4-00160-00068553-00068828 that means X is a symmetric Nash um and
vYHzGysCZg4-00161-00068829-00069425 hence all the pure strategies in s X are
vYHzGysCZg4-00162-00069426-00069874 going to be best responses to X
vYHzGysCZg4-00163-00069875-00070376 therefore this lambda X itself is going
vYHzGysCZg4-00164-00070377-00070807 to be a best response because every pure
vYHzGysCZg4-00165-00070808-00070997 strategy is a best response to X
vYHzGysCZg4-00166-00070998-00071201 therefore any convex combination of
vYHzGysCZg4-00167-00071202-00071399 those best responses is also in best
vYHzGysCZg4-00168-00071400-00071603 responses so therefore lambda X is going
vYHzGysCZg4-00169-00071604-00071821 to lie inside this best response
vYHzGysCZg4-00170-00071822-00072287 therefore because all of them
vYHzGysCZg4-00171-00072288-00072454 so they
vYHzGysCZg4-00172-00072455-00072886 the condition PI X Y is strictly greater
vYHzGysCZg4-00173-00072887-00074261 than pi YY for every y in lambda X
vYHzGysCZg4-00174-00074262-00075422 therefore why cannot be
vYHzGysCZg4-00175-00075423-00076185 symmetric Nash okay if Y is symmetric
vYHzGysCZg4-00176-00076186-00076344 nationally on this inequality cannot
vYHzGysCZg4-00177-00076345-00076401 happen
vYHzGysCZg4-00178-00076402-00076761 so therefore if y is a symmetric Nash
vYHzGysCZg4-00179-00076762-00077046 Moonpie why I should be bigger than R
vYHzGysCZg4-00180-00077047-00077319 equals 2 pi X 5 for each X but we have
vYHzGysCZg4-00181-00077320-00077478 other way inequality so therefore this
vYHzGysCZg4-00182-00077479-00077679 thing so this is an interesting fact
vYHzGysCZg4-00183-00077680-00077882 about this
vYHzGysCZg4-00184-00077883-00078234 ESS if you have one ESS within that
vYHzGysCZg4-00185-00078235-00078471 support that is going to be the only ESS
vYHzGysCZg4-00186-00078472-00078702 in the some sense if you have to ESS of
vYHzGysCZg4-00187-00078703-00079065 again they will be completely disjoint
vYHzGysCZg4-00188-00079066-00079547 the supports will be in a sense disjoint
vYHzGysCZg4-00189-00079548-00080040 okay the next we can actually prove the
vYHzGysCZg4-00190-00080041-00080805 following theorem so let me the
vYHzGysCZg4-00191-00080806-00081567 following or equivalent so X is ESS the
vYHzGysCZg4-00192-00081568-00082415 second is there exists a neighborhood of
vYHzGysCZg4-00193-00082416-00083349 X such that F X y greater than FY y for
vYHzGysCZg4-00194-00083350-00084107 all Y in you so that Y is not equal to X
vYHzGysCZg4-00195-00084108-00084576 so what exactly is this condition if you
vYHzGysCZg4-00196-00084577-00084912 have a X as a ESS this is equivalent to
vYHzGysCZg4-00197-00084913-00085071 saying that there is a neighborhood U of
vYHzGysCZg4-00198-00085072-00085437 X such that in that neighborhood F X Y
vYHzGysCZg4-00199-00085438-00085596 is strictly greater than FY y of course
vYHzGysCZg4-00200-00085597-00085833 this is true for all Y mu with y not
vYHzGysCZg4-00201-00085834-00086412 equals to X so in fact this is a nice
vYHzGysCZg4-00202-00086413-00086853 exercise of convexity okay so all these
vYHzGysCZg4-00203-00086854-00087165 are PI's I have been putting a wrong
vYHzGysCZg4-00204-00087166-00087420 notations here all these are PI's I
vYHzGysCZg4-00205-00087421-00087582 think in the previous we have put
vYHzGysCZg4-00206-00087583-00088008 correctly this is PI so the whole idea
vYHzGysCZg4-00207-00088009-00088176 of the proof using this thing is that
vYHzGysCZg4-00208-00088177-00088533 suppose this is X if you take any other
vYHzGysCZg4-00209-00088534-00088729 thing you take a convert
vYHzGysCZg4-00210-00088730-00089122 combination of this first any convex
vYHzGysCZg4-00211-00089123-00089281 combination of this will be if you take
vYHzGysCZg4-00212-00089282-00090406 some a Y here okay so 1 minus epsilon X
vYHzGysCZg4-00213-00090407-00091107 plus epsilon Y will belong to you for
vYHzGysCZg4-00214-00091108-00091564 small epsilon because epsilon when
vYHzGysCZg4-00215-00091565-00091753 epsilon is small this is going to be X
vYHzGysCZg4-00216-00091754-00092020 this is contributing 0 that means it
vYHzGysCZg4-00217-00092021-00092185 should come here so the continuity
vYHzGysCZg4-00218-00092186-00092347 arguments and all says that when epsilon
vYHzGysCZg4-00219-00092348-00092560 is sufficiently small this must be in
vYHzGysCZg4-00220-00092561-00092929 you so use that fact in the previous
vYHzGysCZg4-00221-00092930-00093256 theorem and from there you can conclude
vYHzGysCZg4-00222-00093257-00093535 this so this I will leave it as an
vYHzGysCZg4-00223-00093536-00094150 exercise and we will go to prove the
vYHzGysCZg4-00224-00094151-00094516 next part so here we are now interested
vYHzGysCZg4-00225-00094517-00095585 in introducing replicator dynamics
vYHzGysCZg4-00226-00095586-00095856 so evolutionary stable strategy is
vYHzGysCZg4-00227-00095857-00096129 basically a strategy a strategy of the
vYHzGysCZg4-00228-00096130-00096492 incumbents incumbents and then if some
vYHzGysCZg4-00229-00096493-00096804 mutants enter the population then
vYHzGysCZg4-00230-00096805-00097128 whether this incumbent strategy survives
vYHzGysCZg4-00231-00097129-00097194 or not
vYHzGysCZg4-00232-00097195-00097575 ESS simply talks about that but how the
vYHzGysCZg4-00233-00097576-00098051 ESS is arrived at in the society are in
vYHzGysCZg4-00234-00098052-00098262 that system it doesn't tell you the
vYHzGysCZg4-00235-00098263-00098513 replicator dynamics gives you a way of
vYHzGysCZg4-00236-00098514-00099090 dealing with this fact so let's look at
vYHzGysCZg4-00237-00099091-00099390 the replicator equation so we considered
vYHzGysCZg4-00238-00099391-00100557 a large population so so the they are
vYHzGysCZg4-00239-00100558-00100901 playing this pure strategy C 1 e 2 e
vYHzGysCZg4-00240-00100902-00101211 young these are the M pure strategies
vYHzGysCZg4-00241-00101212-00101373 this large population the popular people
vYHzGysCZg4-00242-00101374-00101589 people in the population are playing one
vYHzGysCZg4-00243-00101590-00101772 of these pure statuses let's assume the
vYHzGysCZg4-00244-00101773-00102332 population state is XT which is nothing
vYHzGysCZg4-00245-00102333-00103197 but X 1 T X 2 T X M T so remember X 1 T
vYHzGysCZg4-00246-00103198-00103430 is basically the fraction of population
vYHzGysCZg4-00247-00103431-00103824 playing II 1 X 2 is the fraction of
vYHzGysCZg4-00248-00103825-00104100 population playing e 2 XM is the
vYHzGysCZg4-00249-00104101-00104384 fraction of population playing M so X 3
vYHzGysCZg4-00250-00104385-00104523 is this thing the state of the
vYHzGysCZg4-00251-00104524-00104943 population is this now in a sense XIT is
vYHzGysCZg4-00252-00104944-00105549 nothing but n I T by n T at any point of
vYHzGysCZg4-00253-00105550-00106071 time ni t is the number of people number
vYHzGysCZg4-00254-00106072-00106305 of the population playing AI the size of
vYHzGysCZg4-00255-00106306-00106533 the population playing AI by total size
vYHzGysCZg4-00256-00106533-00106764 of the population this is the T here is
vYHzGysCZg4-00257-00106765-00107025 the time we are now considering the
vYHzGysCZg4-00258-00107026-00107415 system over a time so the T ok let us
vYHzGysCZg4-00259-00107416-00108528 say at time T the average payoff
vYHzGysCZg4-00260-00108529-00109804 to an individual adapting e in a random
vYHzGysCZg4-00261-00109805-00110599 match so let's say an individual in the
vYHzGysCZg4-00262-00110600-00110811 population adapts to e I and he's
vYHzGysCZg4-00263-00110813-00111331 randomly matched then his average payoff
vYHzGysCZg4-00264-00111332-00112063 is nothing but pi e i xt pi e IX d is
vYHzGysCZg4-00265-00112064-00112279 going to be his average payoff so the
vYHzGysCZg4-00266-00112280-00112954 population averages so we have been
vYHzGysCZg4-00267-00112955-00113508 seeing already is pi X T XT so if you
vYHzGysCZg4-00268-00113509-00113827 randomly pick people they are actually
vYHzGysCZg4-00269-00113828-00114015 going to be according to X T so
vYHzGysCZg4-00270-00114016-00114250 therefore PI X DX to give C the
vYHzGysCZg4-00271-00114251-00114499 population average whereas if a random
vYHzGysCZg4-00272-00114500-00114691 individual adapting you a if he is
vYHzGysCZg4-00273-00114692-00114907 playing with this population he is going
vYHzGysCZg4-00274-00114908-00115213 to get pi e IX T so I denote this Sigma
vYHzGysCZg4-00275-00115214-00116730 e I X to be this difference
vYHzGysCZg4-00276-00116731-00117478 so so what now we would like to change
vYHzGysCZg4-00277-00117479-00117834 that the relative rate of change so the
vYHzGysCZg4-00278-00117835-00118680 relative rate of change
vYHzGysCZg4-00279-00118681-00119234 X I dot T by X 80
vYHzGysCZg4-00280-00119235-00119554 this is measure of evolutionary success
vYHzGysCZg4-00281-00119555-00119941 of E I strategies if a person has to
vYHzGysCZg4-00282-00119942-00120459 change to e ir not that butler factor is
vYHzGysCZg4-00283-00120460-00120844 given by this X type dot T by exiting so
vYHzGysCZg4-00284-00120845-00121608 in a sense this has to be Sigma e I X so
vYHzGysCZg4-00285-00121609-00121920 when this happens basically the the
vYHzGysCZg4-00286-00121921-00122308 success of e I because X I dot is the
vYHzGysCZg4-00287-00122308-00122431 rate at which the population is changing
vYHzGysCZg4-00288-00122432-00122760 the X I dot P by X 80 is giving you the
vYHzGysCZg4-00289-00122761-00123094 relative rate of change half is a
vYHzGysCZg4-00290-00123095-00123439 success of e I strategies so this is a
vYHzGysCZg4-00291-00123440-00123826 kind of a Darwinian idea so with this we
vYHzGysCZg4-00292-00123827-00124078 get this equation so this equation is
vYHzGysCZg4-00293-00124079-00124498 called this if I write it multiply this
vYHzGysCZg4-00294-00124499-00125131 one this is nothing but X I T Sigma e IX
vYHzGysCZg4-00295-00125132-00125653 I'll write it whatever is there here PI
vYHzGysCZg4-00296-00125654-00125689 e
vYHzGysCZg4-00297-00125690-00126541 I XT minus PI X T X T so this is known
vYHzGysCZg4-00298-00126542-00127621 as a replicator equation now let's check
vYHzGysCZg4-00299-00127622-00127831 one interesting fact is that what is the
vYHzGysCZg4-00300-00127832-00128140 summation of X I dot T where ieaders
vYHzGysCZg4-00301-00128141-00128524 from 1 to M this is nothing but if I sum
vYHzGysCZg4-00302-00128525-00128914 over all these things pi of this that is
vYHzGysCZg4-00303-00128915-00129751 nothing but PI X I T of PI e I my XT
vYHzGysCZg4-00304-00129752-00130714 minus PI X T XT ok if you really
vYHzGysCZg4-00305-00130715-00131038 calculate that this is going to be 0 so
vYHzGysCZg4-00306-00131039-00131431 in fact X I PI e XD summation of that is
vYHzGysCZg4-00307-00131432-00131794 simply PI X DX T this is PI X DX DX i
vYHzGysCZg4-00308-00131795-00132121 dot e XIT summation of that is PI X DX T
vYHzGysCZg4-00309-00132122-00132292 so therefore this is going to be 0
vYHzGysCZg4-00310-00132293-00132958 therefore X I T or summation is nothing
vYHzGysCZg4-00311-00132959-00133366 but summation X I 0 initially if X I at
vYHzGysCZg4-00312-00133367-00133705 0 X I is a probability distribution that
vYHzGysCZg4-00313-00133706-00133921 means summation X I at 0 is 1 then
vYHzGysCZg4-00314-00133922-00134149 summation X I T continues to be 1
vYHzGysCZg4-00315-00134150-00134464 therefore the replicator dynamics is a
vYHzGysCZg4-00316-00134465-00135178 trajectory on the simplex so therefore X
vYHzGysCZg4-00317-00135179-00136018 T belongs to Delta for all T so now the
vYHzGysCZg4-00318-00136019-00136492 question is does there is exists a
vYHzGysCZg4-00319-00136493-00137493 solution to replicate our equation
vYHzGysCZg4-00320-00137494-00137906 so if you look at it here this equation
vYHzGysCZg4-00321-00137907-00138287 by eix T this is a linear in this
vYHzGysCZg4-00322-00138288-00138509 variable so therefore this is a nice
vYHzGysCZg4-00323-00138510-00138722 function similarly this is a by linear
vYHzGysCZg4-00324-00138723-00138858 function so therefore nice function
vYHzGysCZg4-00325-00138859-00138996 Lipschitz continuity and everything
vYHzGysCZg4-00326-00138997-00139194 holds so therefore the right hand side
vYHzGysCZg4-00327-00139195-00139458 of this differential equation this
vYHzGysCZg4-00328-00139459-00139598 differential equation replicated
vYHzGysCZg4-00329-00139599-00139739 equation is a Lipschitz continuous
vYHzGysCZg4-00330-00139740-00140007 function so therefore the replicator
vYHzGysCZg4-00331-00140008-00141022 equation admits replicator equation
vYHzGysCZg4-00332-00141023-00142111 admits a unique solution in Delta
vYHzGysCZg4-00333-00142112-00142658 whenever X at 0 belongs to Delta if you
vYHzGysCZg4-00334-00142659-00142898 start in Delta it remains in Delta and
vYHzGysCZg4-00335-00142899-00143284 in fact there is a unique solution ok so
vYHzGysCZg4-00336-00143285-00143832 now let's look at it if X is in ESS what
vYHzGysCZg4-00337-00143833-00144308 is going to happen to it if X is in ESS
vYHzGysCZg4-00338-00144309-00144578 if you look at this particular thing pi
vYHzGysCZg4-00339-00144579-00145025 e aí XT minus PI X T XT what will happen
vYHzGysCZg4-00340-00145026-00145748 to this one so let us look at it so let
vYHzGysCZg4-00341-00145749-00146153 us take the set Delta 0 is all X in
vYHzGysCZg4-00342-00146154-00146982 Delta such that Sigma e ax is 0 for all
vYHzGysCZg4-00343-00146983-00147746 I in yes X so I am only looking at those
vYHzGysCZg4-00344-00147747-00148198 X in Delta for which Sigma e IX is 0 for
vYHzGysCZg4-00345-00148199-00148535 I in the support of X if I is not in the
vYHzGysCZg4-00346-00148536-00148700 support of X I do not care whether it is
vYHzGysCZg4-00347-00148701-00149279 0 or not so so this is nothing but the
vYHzGysCZg4-00348-00149280-00150432 stationary points of replicator equation
vYHzGysCZg4-00349-00150433-00150704 okay so what is now interesting thing
vYHzGysCZg4-00350-00150705-00150929 here is that now we can make the
vYHzGysCZg4-00351-00150930-00151091 following statement which whose proof we
vYHzGysCZg4-00352-00151092-00151487 will continue in the next session is
vYHzGysCZg4-00353-00151488-00152183 following them let X belongs to Delta if
vYHzGysCZg4-00354-00152184-00153207 X is symmetric nash rickey reom then it
vYHzGysCZg4-00355-00153208-00154265 is a stationary point of replicator
vYHzGysCZg4-00356-00154266-00155462 equation so the converse is true when
vYHzGysCZg4-00357-00155463-00156776 one of the following holds one X is in
vYHzGysCZg4-00358-00156777-00157940 the interior of Delta second X is the
vYHzGysCZg4-00359-00157941-00159371 limit state of trajectory lying in the
vYHzGysCZg4-00360-00159372-00160453 interior of Delta 3 is X is Lyapunov
vYHzGysCZg4-00361-00160454-00161169 stable state of replicator equation so
vYHzGysCZg4-00362-00161170-00161366 we will prove this thing theorem in the
vYHzGysCZg4-00363-00161367-00161595 next session but first I would like to
vYHzGysCZg4-00364-00161596-00162036 say this part if X is symmetric Nash um
vYHzGysCZg4-00365-00162037-00162174 then it is automatically a stationary
vYHzGysCZg4-00366-00162175-00162483 point here so if X is a symmetric Nash
vYHzGysCZg4-00367-00162484-00162936 atiim for all of its support we know
vYHzGysCZg4-00368-00162937-00163206 that they are in the best response and
vYHzGysCZg4-00369-00163207-00163478 by the definition of the Sigma II IX
vYHzGysCZg4-00370-00163479-00163762 this has to be 0 therefore the
vYHzGysCZg4-00371-00163763-00164002 metric nasa kriya art nothing are the
vYHzGysCZg4-00372-00164003-00164281 stable are the stationary points now
vYHzGysCZg4-00373-00164282-00164407 whether they are stable or not that
vYHzGysCZg4-00374-00164408-00164644 requires further things and in fact ESS
vYHzGysCZg4-00375-00164645-00164851 is connected with the stability which we
vYHzGysCZg4-00376-00164852-00165085 will see in the next session with this
vYHzGysCZg4-00377-00165086-00165271 will conclude this session and will
vYHzGysCZg4-00378-00165272-00165605 continue the next thank you
vYHzGysCZg4-00379-00165606-00166565 [Music]
vYHzGysCZg4-00380-00166566-00166898 [Applause]
vYHzGysCZg4-00381-00166899-00167051 [Music]
vYHzGysCZg4-00382-00167052-00168010 [Applause]
vYHzGysCZg4-00383-00168011-00168581 [Applause]
vYHzGysCZg4-00384-00168582-00169046 [Music]
vYMZPMGNqt8-00000-00000003-00000206 we have reached the third and final part
vYMZPMGNqt8-00001-00000206-00000434 of this video which covers the practical
vYMZPMGNqt8-00002-00000434-00000916 elements of sharing your data first you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00003-00000917-00001204 will be introduced to icpsr which stands
vYMZPMGNqt8-00004-00001205-00001429 for the Inter University Consortium for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00005-00001430-00001796 political and social research following
vYMZPMGNqt8-00006-00001797-00002066 that we will identify the elements of a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00007-00002067-00002434 high quality data repository we will
vYMZPMGNqt8-00008-00002435-00002582 then walk through the process of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00009-00002583-00003020 depositing your data at icpsr discuss
vYMZPMGNqt8-00010-00003021-00003260 data citation and data usage tracking
vYMZPMGNqt8-00011-00003261-00003620 and end with some important reminders as
vYMZPMGNqt8-00012-00003621-00003800 you begin your preparation for data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00013-00003801-00004531 archiving and sharing what is icpsr it
vYMZPMGNqt8-00014-00004532-00004763 is the preferred data repository for all
vYMZPMGNqt8-00015-00004764-00005015 scientific data that come from Nidal or
vYMZPMGNqt8-00016-00005016-00005468 funded projects icpsr is housed within
vYMZPMGNqt8-00017-00005469-00005702 the Institute for Social Research at the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00018-00005703-00005906 University of Michigan and was
vYMZPMGNqt8-00019-00005907-00006418 established in 1962 icpsr is one of the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00020-00006419-00006653 oldest and largest social science data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00021-00006654-00007013 archives in the world and defines social
vYMZPMGNqt8-00022-00007014-00007280 science broadly to encompass and accept
vYMZPMGNqt8-00023-00007281-00007696 data from many disciplines its current
vYMZPMGNqt8-00024-00007697-00007906 collection includes data from over
vYMZPMGNqt8-00025-00007908-00008213 10,000 studies with over 5 million
vYMZPMGNqt8-00026-00008214-00008669 variables icpsr s website has a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00027-00008670-00008903 searchable bibliography that contains
vYMZPMGNqt8-00028-00008904-00009202 more than 75,000 citations to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00029-00009203-00009530 publications that use icpsr archived
vYMZPMGNqt8-00030-00009531-00010153 data icpsr takes in research data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00031-00010154-00010381 archives them for long-term preservation
vYMZPMGNqt8-00032-00010382-00010858 and shares them with secondary users any
vYMZPMGNqt8-00033-00010859-00011120 researcher including all Nidal or
vYMZPMGNqt8-00034-00011121-00011438 grantees have two options for archiving
vYMZPMGNqt8-00035-00011439-00011878 and sharing data with icpsr the first
vYMZPMGNqt8-00036-00011879-00012271 option is to use ICP SRS basic archival
vYMZPMGNqt8-00037-00012272-00012639 and data sharing services at no cost
vYMZPMGNqt8-00038-00012640-00012883 this is done through a service called
vYMZPMGNqt8-00039-00012884-00013333 openicpsr this means that you can
vYMZPMGNqt8-00040-00013334-00013585 deposit your data and all accompanying
vYMZPMGNqt8-00041-00013586-00013924 documentation and icpsr will archive
vYMZPMGNqt8-00042-00013925-00014166 your data for the long term and will
vYMZPMGNqt8-00043-00014168-00014394 share your data as is with secondary
vYMZPMGNqt8-00044-00014395-00014941 users at no cost to you or the users the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00045-00014941-00015253 second option is to add ICP SRS curation
vYMZPMGNqt8-00046-00015254-00015499 services which come at a cost to the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00047-00015500-00015769 researcher but still at no cost to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00048-00015769-00016216 secondary users data curation means that
vYMZPMGNqt8-00049-00016216-00016441 icpsr will enhance your data for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00050-00016442-00016786 usability this service is added to the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00051-00016787-00016990 basic services of archiving your data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00052-00016991-00017439 and sharing them with secondary users
vYMZPMGNqt8-00053-00017440-00017827 both ICP SRS free services and curation
vYMZPMGNqt8-00054-00017828-00018082 services will satisfy the data sharing
vYMZPMGNqt8-00055-00018083-00018367 requirements in the ACL public access
vYMZPMGNqt8-00056-00018368-00018655 plan and are covered in more detail in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00057-00018656-00019075 later slides in addition to its data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00058-00019076-00019417 services icpsr also provides user
vYMZPMGNqt8-00059-00019418-00019687 support to all researchers who want to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00060-00019688-00020116 archive their data at icpsr its staff
vYMZPMGNqt8-00061-00020117-00020409 can assist researchers at all stages of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00062-00020410-00020653 the research process from helping to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00063-00020654-00020919 write data management plans to walking
vYMZPMGNqt8-00064-00020920-00021069 researchers through the deposit process
vYMZPMGNqt8-00065-00021070-00021497 after the data have been collected
vYMZPMGNqt8-00066-00021498-00021822 additionally icpsr provides support to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00067-00021823-00022111 secondary users who wish to access data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00068-00022112-00022771 archived at icpsr finally icpsr provides
vYMZPMGNqt8-00069-00022772-00022963 a variety of education and training
vYMZPMGNqt8-00070-00022964-00023236 opportunities related to statistical
vYMZPMGNqt8-00071-00023237-00023644 methods and data management information
vYMZPMGNqt8-00072-00023645-00023847 on these resources are available on
vYMZPMGNqt8-00073-00023848-00024243 icpsr s website
vYMZPMGNqt8-00074-00024244-00024537 what types of data are a good fit to be
vYMZPMGNqt8-00075-00024538-00024906 archived at icpsr the short answer is
vYMZPMGNqt8-00076-00024907-00025322 almost all data on or about people
vYMZPMGNqt8-00077-00025323-00025619 icpsr accepts data from almost all
vYMZPMGNqt8-00078-00025620-00025872 disciplines including the Social and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00079-00025873-00026207 Behavioral Sciences broadly defined
vYMZPMGNqt8-00080-00026208-00026613 Health and Medical Sciences as well as
vYMZPMGNqt8-00081-00026614-00027060 rehabilitation sciences data can be
vYMZPMGNqt8-00082-00027061-00027497 archived at icpsr in almost all formats
vYMZPMGNqt8-00083-00027498-00027744 icpsr has the most experience with
vYMZPMGNqt8-00084-00027745-00028076 tabular statistical data and text data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00085-00028077-00028352 but it also accepts other types of data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00086-00028354-00028916 including geospatial data videos images
vYMZPMGNqt8-00087-00028917-00029633 audio files and sensor data datasets of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00088-00029635-00029997 all sizes are welcome at icpsr including
vYMZPMGNqt8-00089-00029998-00030335 from both small and large scale studies
vYMZPMGNqt8-00090-00030336-00030738 finally icpsr accepts both de-identified
vYMZPMGNqt8-00091-00030739-00031038 data for public use and sensitive data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00092-00031039-00031383 that may need to be restricted use if
vYMZPMGNqt8-00093-00031383-00031611 you have any questions about whether
vYMZPMGNqt8-00094-00031612-00031983 your data are a good fit at icpsr please
vYMZPMGNqt8-00095-00031983-00032667 contact them at help at icpsr dot um i
vYMZPMGNqt8-00096-00032668-00033363 CH dot edu or seven three four six four
vYMZPMGNqt8-00097-00033364-00033997 seven two two zero zero
vYMZPMGNqt8-00098-00033998-00034435 as mentioned icpsr offers a number of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00099-00034436-00034650 free services to any researcher
vYMZPMGNqt8-00100-00034651-00035017 including all Nidal or grantees this is
vYMZPMGNqt8-00101-00035018-00035440 done through openicpsr the free services
vYMZPMGNqt8-00102-00035441-00035773 offered by openicpsr will satisfy all
vYMZPMGNqt8-00103-00035774-00035998 the requirements of the ACL public
vYMZPMGNqt8-00104-00035999-00036241 access plan including providing
vYMZPMGNqt8-00105-00036242-00036457 researchers the option to embargo their
vYMZPMGNqt8-00106-00036458-00036802 data for up to 24 months and providing a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00107-00036803-00037336 DOI for each dataset produced icpsr will
vYMZPMGNqt8-00108-00037337-00037543 archive the data for the long term and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00109-00037544-00037789 will provide access to the data to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00110-00037790-00038233 secondary users at no cost to them it is
vYMZPMGNqt8-00111-00038234-00038407 important to note that the data will be
vYMZPMGNqt8-00112-00038408-00038599 preserved and shared with secondary
vYMZPMGNqt8-00113-00038600-00038884 users in the same format and condition
vYMZPMGNqt8-00114-00038885-00039300 in which they are deposited at icpsr as
vYMZPMGNqt8-00115-00039301-00039610 mentioned earlier in the video some data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00116-00039611-00039808 formats particularly those in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00117-00039809-00040072 proprietary formats have some risk of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00118-00040073-00040297 becoming unreadable over long periods of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00119-00040298-00040852 time as technology advances what is paid
vYMZPMGNqt8-00120-00040853-00041389 curation at icpsr data curation refers
vYMZPMGNqt8-00121-00041390-00041611 to a variety of services that can be
vYMZPMGNqt8-00122-00041612-00041872 provided to enhance the data to make
vYMZPMGNqt8-00123-00041873-00042082 sure that people can find and use them
vYMZPMGNqt8-00124-00042083-00042580 both now and long into the future for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00125-00042581-00042823 nidal our grantees data must be made
vYMZPMGNqt8-00126-00042824-00043078 available for the public to use at no
vYMZPMGNqt8-00127-00043079-00043456 cost to the user as mentioned that can
vYMZPMGNqt8-00128-00043457-00043711 be accomplished by using ICP SRS free
vYMZPMGNqt8-00129-00043712-00044017 services but data shared through free
vYMZPMGNqt8-00130-00044018-00044356 icpsr are not curated and are provided
vYMZPMGNqt8-00131-00044357-00044647 to users as is in the condition in which
vYMZPMGNqt8-00132-00044648-00045007 they are uploaded to ensure that data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00133-00045008-00045244 are accessible at no cost to users and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00134-00045245-00045538 are enhanced for quality to optimize the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00135-00045539-00045853 use of those data you may request icpsr
vYMZPMGNqt8-00136-00045854-00046072 to provide their curation services at a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00137-00046073-00046465 cost the fee for curation is an
vYMZPMGNqt8-00138-00046466-00046717 allowable cost and can be included in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00139-00046718-00047064 your proposed budget tune idler
vYMZPMGNqt8-00140-00047065-00047358 the fee is based on various attributes
vYMZPMGNqt8-00141-00047359-00047617 of your expected data such as number of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00142-00047618-00047927 variables in the data set
vYMZPMGNqt8-00143-00047928-00048223 ICPs are typically estimates a single
vYMZPMGNqt8-00144-00048224-00048565 fee that may cover a review of the data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00145-00048566-00048745 for personally identifiable information
vYMZPMGNqt8-00146-00048746-00049093 and mitigation of this information to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00147-00049094-00049424 ensure the data set is de-identified
vYMZPMGNqt8-00148-00049425-00049790 standardization of missing data codes
vYMZPMGNqt8-00149-00049791-00050080 review and adjustments for outliers or
vYMZPMGNqt8-00150-00050081-00050407 data coding errors review and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00151-00050408-00050611 enhancements to information about your
vYMZPMGNqt8-00152-00050612-00051015 study and its variables development of a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00153-00051016-00051401 standardized enhanced codebook
vYMZPMGNqt8-00154-00051402-00051621 dissemination of statistical data in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00155-00051622-00052023 multiple formats to secondary users and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00156-00052024-00052324 icpsr also takes numerous steps to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00157-00052325-00052603 mitigate data obsolescence as technology
vYMZPMGNqt8-00158-00052604-00053076 changes in the case that there is a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00159-00053077-00053301 valid reason as to why your data will
vYMZPMGNqt8-00160-00053302-00053662 not be appropriate for icpsr we provide
vYMZPMGNqt8-00161-00053663-00053878 some information about how to evaluate
vYMZPMGNqt8-00162-00053879-00054196 an alternative repository and determine
vYMZPMGNqt8-00163-00054197-00054369 if it offers a similar level of high
vYMZPMGNqt8-00164-00054370-00054692 quality data archiving and sharing
vYMZPMGNqt8-00165-00054694-00055005 remember if you choose a repository for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00166-00055007-00055336 your data that is not icpsr you must
vYMZPMGNqt8-00167-00055337-00055594 provide justification tuned idler as to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00168-00055595-00055840 why icpsr is not a good fit for your
vYMZPMGNqt8-00169-00055841-00056163 data as well as explain the alternative
vYMZPMGNqt8-00170-00056164-00056488 repositories comparability to icpsr for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00171-00056489-00056781 best practices including the ability to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00172-00056782-00057034 provide an embargo to your data for up
vYMZPMGNqt8-00173-00057035-00057373 to 24 months and the ability to issue do
vYMZPMGNqt8-00174-00057374-00057859 is for data sets the repository should
vYMZPMGNqt8-00175-00057860-00058126 adhere to the fair data principles which
vYMZPMGNqt8-00176-00058127-00058309 are a set of guiding principles for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00177-00058310-00058569 scientific data management that promote
vYMZPMGNqt8-00178-00058570-00059011 maximum use of research data fair stands
vYMZPMGNqt8-00179-00059012-00059362 for findable accessible interoperable
vYMZPMGNqt8-00180-00059363-00059656 and reusable
vYMZPMGNqt8-00181-00059657-00059872 a high-quality repository will adhere to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00182-00059873-00060103 and have transparent policies and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00183-00060104-00060637 practices to ensure data are fair icpsr
vYMZPMGNqt8-00184-00060638-00060894 and other best practice repositories
vYMZPMGNqt8-00185-00060895-00061126 typically follow the open archival
vYMZPMGNqt8-00186-00061127-00061585 information system or oais reference
vYMZPMGNqt8-00187-00061586-00062017 model the emerging certification for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00188-00062018-00062491 repositories is core trust seal core
vYMZPMGNqt8-00189-00062492-00062773 trust seal has 16 different requirements
vYMZPMGNqt8-00190-00062774-00063059 for repositories to meet which equate to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00191-00063060-00063241 getting a designation as a trustworthy
vYMZPMGNqt8-00192-00063242-00063722 repository you may consult core trust
vYMZPMGNqt8-00193-00063723-00063955 seal to learn more about these 16
vYMZPMGNqt8-00194-00063956-00064117 requirements that the worldwide
vYMZPMGNqt8-00195-00064118-00064369 community of repositories has agreed to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00196-00064370-00064922 as being important now let's talk about
vYMZPMGNqt8-00197-00064923-00065153 how to actually deposit your data at
vYMZPMGNqt8-00198-00065154-00065626 icpsr depositing your data at icpsr is
vYMZPMGNqt8-00199-00065627-00065968 all done online through ICP SRS data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00200-00065969-00066296 deposit manager to get to the data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00201-00066297-00066523 deposit manager you can first go to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00202-00066524-00066973 icpsr s main web page the web address is
vYMZPMGNqt8-00203-00066974-00068092 simply wwii CP sr um i CH edu or you can
vYMZPMGNqt8-00204-00068093-00068329 search for icpsr in your search engine
vYMZPMGNqt8-00205-00068330-00068785 and follow the link from there toward
vYMZPMGNqt8-00206-00068786-00069049 the top of icpsr s home page there will
vYMZPMGNqt8-00207-00069050-00069428 be a link to start sharing data note
vYMZPMGNqt8-00208-00069429-00069604 that the terms sharing data and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00209-00069605-00069835 depositing data are used somewhat
vYMZPMGNqt8-00210-00069836-00070315 interchangeably on icpsr s website once
vYMZPMGNqt8-00211-00070316-00070490 you click on the link to start sharing
vYMZPMGNqt8-00212-00070491-00070735 data you will be taken to the main
vYMZPMGNqt8-00213-00070736-00071206 deposit page on the data deposit home
vYMZPMGNqt8-00214-00071207-00071422 page there are instructions for what you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00215-00071423-00071706 will need to complete your data deposit
vYMZPMGNqt8-00216-00071707-00071962 once you click on the start deposit
vYMZPMGNqt8-00217-00071963-00072238 button you must first create a my data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00218-00072239-00072440 account if you do not already have one
vYMZPMGNqt8-00219-00072441-00072645 through icpsr
vYMZPMGNqt8-00220-00072646-00072970 in my data account is free and easy to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00221-00072971-00073327 create alternatively you can log in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00222-00073328-00073525 using your credentials from other sites
vYMZPMGNqt8-00223-00073526-00074014 like LinkedIn or Facebook additional
vYMZPMGNqt8-00224-00074015-00074227 information for depositing your nidal or
vYMZPMGNqt8-00225-00074228-00074527 funded data at icpsr can be found
vYMZPMGNqt8-00226-00074528-00074803 through the website of one of ICP SRS
vYMZPMGNqt8-00227-00074804-00075274 topical archives a DEP a DEP stands for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00228-00075275-00075577 the archive of data on disability to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00229-00075578-00076039 enable policy and research adepts
vYMZPMGNqt8-00230-00076040-00077128 website WWI CPS are you mich edu slash a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00231-00077129-00077571 DD e P is set up similar to the main
vYMZPMGNqt8-00232-00077572-00077932 icpsr website on the deposit data page
vYMZPMGNqt8-00233-00077933-00078184 on the Adept website you will find a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00234-00078185-00078424 link to a web page that is dedicated to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00235-00078425-00078696 the Nidal er grantees
vYMZPMGNqt8-00236-00078697-00079000 this is where icpsr will update any
vYMZPMGNqt8-00237-00079001-00079261 information about the deposit process in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00238-00079262-00079459 the event that changes are made to the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00239-00079460-00079903 deposit form in the future this is also
vYMZPMGNqt8-00240-00079904-00080044 where you will be able to find
vYMZPMGNqt8-00241-00080045-00080269 additional resources to assist you with
vYMZPMGNqt8-00242-00080270-00080779 preparing your data for sharing once you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00243-00080780-00080980 have created and logged into your my
vYMZPMGNqt8-00244-00080981-00081232 data account you will be taken to the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00245-00081233-00081547 deposit form there are a couple features
vYMZPMGNqt8-00246-00081548-00081742 to the deposit form that are important
vYMZPMGNqt8-00247-00081743-00082126 to note first you do not need to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00248-00082127-00082383 complete your deposit in one sitting
vYMZPMGNqt8-00249-00082384-00082639 anything you enter or upload into the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00250-00082640-00082894 form will be saved so you can log out
vYMZPMGNqt8-00251-00082895-00083101 and return to the form at a later date
vYMZPMGNqt8-00252-00083102-00083551 to complete it second you can share the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00253-00083552-00083890 deposit form with others for example if
vYMZPMGNqt8-00254-00083891-00084088 you have colleagues who assisted you on
vYMZPMGNqt8-00255-00084089-00084322 the project you can share the form with
vYMZPMGNqt8-00256-00084323-00084733 them before submitting it to icpsr this
vYMZPMGNqt8-00257-00084734-00084892 allows your colleagues to help you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00258-00084893-00085147 complete the form or upload any data or
vYMZPMGNqt8-00259-00085148-00085493 accompanying documentation that they may
vYMZPMGNqt8-00260-00085494-00085770 you can also share the deposit form with
vYMZPMGNqt8-00261-00085771-00085995 an icpsr staff member to assist you in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00262-00085996-00086403 completing the deposit if you need any
vYMZPMGNqt8-00263-00086404-00086667 assistance at this stage simply contact
vYMZPMGNqt8-00264-00086668-00086955 icpsr and someone there can inform you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00265-00086956-00087213 of the appropriate staff member with
vYMZPMGNqt8-00266-00087214-00087429 whom you can share your deposit prior to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00267-00087430-00087882 submitting it the form will include
vYMZPMGNqt8-00268-00087883-00088076 several sections that you will need to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00269-00088077-00088439 fill out including p.i information a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00270-00088440-00088860 summary of the study the dates of data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00271-00088861-00089394 collection and sampling information for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00272-00089395-00089576 the field that asks for the funding
vYMZPMGNqt8-00273-00089577-00089919 source you should type in Nidal exactly
vYMZPMGNqt8-00274-00089920-00090132 as it appears on the screen inside the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00275-00090133-00090567 quotation marks please also include your
vYMZPMGNqt8-00276-00090568-00090941 award number in the corresponding field
vYMZPMGNqt8-00277-00090942-00091179 some items that you should have prepared
vYMZPMGNqt8-00278-00091180-00091416 to help make the deposit form quicker
vYMZPMGNqt8-00279-00091417-00091800 and easier to complete include the final
vYMZPMGNqt8-00280-00091801-00092040 version of each dataset generated during
vYMZPMGNqt8-00281-00092041-00092301 your project your codebook or data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00282-00092302-00092523 dictionary that describes your variables
vYMZPMGNqt8-00283-00092524-00092832 and values and information about the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00284-00092833-00093213 study itself such as a summary the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00285-00093214-00093457 purpose or goals of the study and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00286-00093458-00093915 information about your sample you should
vYMZPMGNqt8-00287-00093916-00094068 also include a copy of the data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00288-00094069-00094332 collection instrument like the survey or
vYMZPMGNqt8-00289-00094333-00094650 telephone script used and any other
vYMZPMGNqt8-00290-00094651-00094830 documents that could help secondary
vYMZPMGNqt8-00291-00094831-00095279 users understand and use your data if
vYMZPMGNqt8-00292-00095280-00095589 you have distinct data sets from more
vYMZPMGNqt8-00293-00095590-00095819 than one project under your award
vYMZPMGNqt8-00294-00095820-00096087 you should start and submit a new
vYMZPMGNqt8-00295-00096088-00096366 separate deposit form for each dataset
vYMZPMGNqt8-00296-00096367-00096952 to ensure each one gets its own DOI
vYMZPMGNqt8-00297-00096953-00097186 once you have completed the deposit form
vYMZPMGNqt8-00298-00097187-00097372 by filling in all of the information
vYMZPMGNqt8-00299-00097373-00097666 asked about your study and uploading all
vYMZPMGNqt8-00300-00097667-00097807 of your data and accompanying
vYMZPMGNqt8-00301-00097808-00098095 documentation you can proceed to submit
vYMZPMGNqt8-00302-00098096-00098518 the deposit to icpsr as part of the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00303-00098519-00098746 submission process you will be asked to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00304-00098747-00099148 agree to ICP SRS deposit terms this
vYMZPMGNqt8-00305-00099149-00099307 includes confirming that you have
vYMZPMGNqt8-00306-00099308-00099529 obtained all the necessary rights to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00307-00099530-00099697 share the data and make them available
vYMZPMGNqt8-00308-00099698-00100060 for the public the terms also grant
vYMZPMGNqt8-00309-00100061-00100327 permission to icpsr to share the data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00310-00100328-00100603 with secondary users and promote or
vYMZPMGNqt8-00311-00100604-00100792 advertise the data to the broader
vYMZPMGNqt8-00312-00100793-00101194 scientific community you also grant
vYMZPMGNqt8-00313-00101195-00101416 permission for icpsr to preserve the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00314-00101417-00101818 data icpsr will permanently archive and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00315-00101819-00102082 continue to share all deposited files in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00316-00102083-00102472 perpetuity there may be some exceptional
vYMZPMGNqt8-00317-00102473-00102655 circumstances under which you may
vYMZPMGNqt8-00318-00102656-00102843 request that your data no longer be
vYMZPMGNqt8-00319-00102844-00103153 shared with secondary users for example
vYMZPMGNqt8-00320-00103154-00103434 if a serious violation in the consent
vYMZPMGNqt8-00321-00103435-00103719 process is discovered or if a new law or
vYMZPMGNqt8-00322-00103720-00103924 policy is enacted that prevents your
vYMZPMGNqt8-00323-00103925-00104159 data from being shared you may contact
vYMZPMGNqt8-00324-00104160-00104406 icpsr to request that your data no
vYMZPMGNqt8-00325-00104407-00104802 longer be shared with secondary users
vYMZPMGNqt8-00326-00104803-00105022 additionally you must confirm that the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00327-00105023-00105541 data you submitted are de-identified you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00328-00105542-00105718 have the option to choose an embargo
vYMZPMGNqt8-00329-00105719-00105982 period meaning the data you submit will
vYMZPMGNqt8-00330-00105983-00106213 not be released to secondary users until
vYMZPMGNqt8-00331-00106214-00106582 the date you specify on this form as a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00332-00106583-00106855 reminder the ACL public access plan
vYMZPMGNqt8-00333-00106856-00107136 allows you up to 24 months to embargo
vYMZPMGNqt8-00334-00107138-00107631 your data after your awards end date
vYMZPMGNqt8-00335-00107632-00107913 once your data are deposited each data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00336-00107914-00108168 collection will receive a DOI or direct
vYMZPMGNqt8-00337-00108169-00108567 object identifier a DOI is a link to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00338-00108568-00108789 your data that is persistent and stable
vYMZPMGNqt8-00339-00108790-00109146 over time each data collection submitted
vYMZPMGNqt8-00340-00109147-00109440 to icpsr receives its own homepage and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00341-00109441-00109743 DOI and each file submitted as part of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00342-00109744-00109934 the data collection can also receive its
vYMZPMGNqt8-00343-00109935-00110433 own DOI upon a user's request having a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00344-00110433-00110660 DOI is important so that you and other
vYMZPMGNqt8-00345-00110661-00110885 researchers can cite your data with a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00346-00110886-00111141 persistent identifier increasing the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00347-00111142-00111522 findability of your work once your data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00348-00111523-00111768 are released for the public a secondary
vYMZPMGNqt8-00349-00111769-00111939 user who wants to work with your data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00350-00111940-00112188 must agree to a set of terms through
vYMZPMGNqt8-00351-00112189-00112629 icpsr as well part of the terms to which
vYMZPMGNqt8-00352-00112630-00112899 secondary users must agree requires the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00353-00112900-00113108 secondary user to reference your data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00354-00113109-00113349 collections citation which includes the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00355-00113350-00113723 DOI in any resulting publication
vYMZPMGNqt8-00356-00113724-00113970 secondary users are also required to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00357-00113971-00114183 send citations of their published work
vYMZPMGNqt8-00358-00114183-00114596 that result from your data to icpsr
vYMZPMGNqt8-00359-00114597-00114795 icpsr will then include these
vYMZPMGNqt8-00360-00114796-00115020 publications in the bibliography section
vYMZPMGNqt8-00361-00115021-00115353 on your data collections home page so
vYMZPMGNqt8-00362-00115354-00115527 that researchers interested in this same
vYMZPMGNqt8-00363-00115528-00115782 topic as your data can see all of the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00364-00115783-00116233 related publications in one place a
vYMZPMGNqt8-00365-00116234-00116493 benefit of depositing your data at icpsr
vYMZPMGNqt8-00366-00116494-00116790 is that you are able to view some usage
vYMZPMGNqt8-00367-00116791-00117000 statistics for your data directly on
vYMZPMGNqt8-00368-00117001-00117366 your data collections home page when you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00369-00117367-00117540 visit your data collections home page
vYMZPMGNqt8-00370-00117541-00117761 you can view how many times your data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00371-00117763-00118032 collection has been viewed how many
vYMZPMGNqt8-00372-00118033-00118224 times your data have been downloaded and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00373-00118225-00118518 the number of related publications using
vYMZPMGNqt8-00374-00118519-00118992 your data this concludes this video on
vYMZPMGNqt8-00375-00118993-00119253 preparing scientific data for archiving
vYMZPMGNqt8-00376-00119254-00119673 and sharing to recap you should start
vYMZPMGNqt8-00377-00119674-00119841 thinking about data sharing from the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00378-00119842-00120083 conception of your project as well as
vYMZPMGNqt8-00379-00120084-00120329 while writing your grant proposal
vYMZPMGNqt8-00380-00120330-00120591 information about what you will do with
vYMZPMGNqt8-00381-00120592-00120801 the data and how you will share them is
vYMZPMGNqt8-00382-00120802-00120835 in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00383-00120836-00120965 important to include in your data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00384-00120966-00121367 management plan review the instructions
vYMZPMGNqt8-00385-00121368-00121585 on data management plans and the data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00386-00121586-00121838 sharing requirements in the ACL public
vYMZPMGNqt8-00387-00121839-00122057 access plan to make sure that you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00388-00122058-00122495 address all required elements you should
vYMZPMGNqt8-00389-00122496-00122720 also contact your own institutional
vYMZPMGNqt8-00390-00122721-00122924 review board in the early stage of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00391-00122925-00123160 planning to make sure you understand
vYMZPMGNqt8-00392-00123161-00123406 what you are required to submit to them
vYMZPMGNqt8-00393-00123407-00123685 to ensure you can share your data at the
vYMZPMGNqt8-00394-00123686-00124049 end of your project as you plan your
vYMZPMGNqt8-00395-00124050-00124313 project review the best practices for
vYMZPMGNqt8-00396-00124314-00124486 data management that were discussed in
vYMZPMGNqt8-00397-00124488-00124871 this video not only are these important
vYMZPMGNqt8-00398-00124872-00125029 considerations for sharing your data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00399-00125030-00125243 with others but they are also good
vYMZPMGNqt8-00400-00125244-00125438 practices for your own data management
vYMZPMGNqt8-00401-00125439-00125972 as Nidal or grantee the ACL public
vYMZPMGNqt8-00402-00125973-00126211 access plan requires you to share all
vYMZPMGNqt8-00403-00126213-00126413 scientific data that come from your
vYMZPMGNqt8-00404-00126414-00126797 project icpsr at the University of
vYMZPMGNqt8-00405-00126798-00127066 Michigan is the preferred repository to
vYMZPMGNqt8-00406-00127067-00127510 share your data you may contact icpsr at
vYMZPMGNqt8-00407-00127511-00127729 any time throughout your project if you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00408-00127730-00127966 need assistance from getting help with
vYMZPMGNqt8-00409-00127967-00128231 writing your data management plan -
vYMZPMGNqt8-00410-00128232-00128453 requesting a quote for curation services
vYMZPMGNqt8-00411-00128454-00128704 - helping you with the online data
vYMZPMGNqt8-00412-00128705-00129206 deposit form contact information and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00413-00129207-00129425 many other additional resources can be
vYMZPMGNqt8-00414-00129426-00129746 found both at icpsr s main web site and
vYMZPMGNqt8-00415-00129747-00130007 at the web page dedicated to nidal our
vYMZPMGNqt8-00416-00130008-00130271 grantees available through the deposit
vYMZPMGNqt8-00417-00130272-00130916 page on icpsr s a depth website WWI cps
vYMZPMGNqt8-00418-00130917-00131798 are you mich edu slash ad dep thank you
vYMZPMGNqt8-00419-00131799-00132055 for watching
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vbkKmnTK4Oo-00062-00058102-00058737 [Music]
vbkKmnTK4Oo-00063-00058738-00059505 [Music]
vbkKmnTK4Oo-00064-00059507-00060366 [Music]
vbkKmnTK4Oo-00065-00060367-00061854 let's look at
vbkKmnTK4Oo-00066-00061854-00062863 [Music]
vbkKmnTK4Oo-00067-00062864-00063072 you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00000-00000281-00001192 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00001-00001193-00001387 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00002-00001388-00001630 focused on the other way
vdGGRqPBjZM-00003-00001632-00001913 hey it's been on in a little minute
vdGGRqPBjZM-00004-00001914-00002267 since we had some pace of the stuff the
vdGGRqPBjZM-00005-00002268-00002663 drunk among himself was causing that for
vdGGRqPBjZM-00006-00002664-00003469 me I call it Mr Craig Mr tornado
vdGGRqPBjZM-00007-00003470-00003809 or just a regular song
vdGGRqPBjZM-00008-00003810-00004019 your man is worth saying you just in a
vdGGRqPBjZM-00009-00004020-00004517 tournament because you're gonna go crazy
vdGGRqPBjZM-00010-00004518-00004747 and the fact that
vdGGRqPBjZM-00011-00004748-00005027 his first one back now it's a Cypher
vdGGRqPBjZM-00012-00005028-00005554 like a little mini cycles
vdGGRqPBjZM-00013-00005555-00005956 also
vdGGRqPBjZM-00014-00005957-00006191 for those who don't know I just dropped
vdGGRqPBjZM-00015-00006192-00006569 off I just did a tweet on Twitter
vdGGRqPBjZM-00016-00006570-00006905 just dropped a tweet saying that but a
vdGGRqPBjZM-00017-00006906-00007127 Resto March and such if you're an
vdGGRqPBjZM-00018-00007128-00007414 upcoming artist in search or you want me
vdGGRqPBjZM-00019-00007415-00007691 to react to anything on YouTube
vdGGRqPBjZM-00020-00007692-00007931 I have a cash app which will see right
vdGGRqPBjZM-00021-00007931-00008092 here
vdGGRqPBjZM-00022-00008093-00008387 and there's my cash app at just humble
vdGGRqPBjZM-00023-00008388-00008555 Zippy all one word
vdGGRqPBjZM-00024-00008556-00009046 got a cash app and it's just 30 dollars
vdGGRqPBjZM-00025-00009047-00009299 and I'll react to any music you got
vdGGRqPBjZM-00026-00009300-00009559 whether it's nerd core or any other song
vdGGRqPBjZM-00027-00009560-00009827 or just anything else you guys want me
vdGGRqPBjZM-00028-00009828-00010169 to react to so if you are interested
vdGGRqPBjZM-00029-00010170-00010463 interested
vdGGRqPBjZM-00030-00010464-00010733 comment down below what you want me to
vdGGRqPBjZM-00031-00010734-00010991 react to and then
vdGGRqPBjZM-00032-00010992-00011291 put your cash check tag and then if you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00033-00011292-00011405 do it
vdGGRqPBjZM-00034-00011406-00011614 and basically just cash out either
vdGGRqPBjZM-00035-00011615-00011753 thirty dollars
vdGGRqPBjZM-00036-00011754-00011987 and your reaction I'll do the reaction
vdGGRqPBjZM-00037-00011988-00012281 there for you and such so
vdGGRqPBjZM-00038-00012282-00012460 either way
vdGGRqPBjZM-00039-00012461-00012755 enough long talkers this this looks like
vdGGRqPBjZM-00040-00012756-00012994 it's it's six minutes and 18 seconds so
vdGGRqPBjZM-00041-00012995-00013253 we better check this out make sure you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00042-00013254-00013438 like President subscribe following in
vdGGRqPBjZM-00043-00013440-00013666 all my socials up there and without
vdGGRqPBjZM-00044-00013668-00014507 further Ado let's go
vdGGRqPBjZM-00045-00014508-00016080 knife
vdGGRqPBjZM-00046-00016081-00016525 thank you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00047-00016526-00016919 with the way the world is today I've had
vdGGRqPBjZM-00048-00016920-00017200 enough of these Pirates
vdGGRqPBjZM-00049-00017201-00017700 I need every man on death
vdGGRqPBjZM-00050-00017701-00018029 face the starboard bow
vdGGRqPBjZM-00051-00018030-00018782 Cannon's ready
vdGGRqPBjZM-00052-00018783-00019258 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00053-00019259-00019529 way queso p is two
vdGGRqPBjZM-00054-00019530-00019894 comes to this type of performing
vdGGRqPBjZM-00055-00019895-00020141 you can go for 14 pirate if you wanted
vdGGRqPBjZM-00056-00020142-00020472 to face the starboard bow
vdGGRqPBjZM-00057-00020473-00020805 cannons ready
vdGGRqPBjZM-00058-00020806-00020983 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00059-00020984-00021235 for the wire I'm ready for
vdGGRqPBjZM-00060-00021236-00021835 actions
vdGGRqPBjZM-00061-00021836-00022085 ain't show up justice always gonna win
vdGGRqPBjZM-00062-00022086-00022330 like it's clear wish I were to say that
vdGGRqPBjZM-00063-00022331-00022493 there's message in fear you Angels were
vdGGRqPBjZM-00064-00022494-00022655 saying that [__] really weird why would
vdGGRqPBjZM-00065-00022656-00022811 I lie if you die for the cousin you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00066-00022812-00022943 fulfilled your life gonna send you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00067-00022944-00023455 Applause
vdGGRqPBjZM-00068-00023456-00023857 your people and stay in your place
vdGGRqPBjZM-00069-00023858-00024114 but we get in my way
vdGGRqPBjZM-00070-00024115-00024355 isn't that right now
vdGGRqPBjZM-00071-00024356-00024575 cause I know with how you moving right
vdGGRqPBjZM-00072-00024576-00024833 now bro what so you got two options you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00073-00024834-00025091 need to step aside or you can run my
vdGGRqPBjZM-00074-00025092-00025194 face
vdGGRqPBjZM-00075-00025195-00025439 show me your cold never really tried to
vdGGRqPBjZM-00076-00025440-00025594 be the villain to the spot that I'm
vdGGRqPBjZM-00077-00025595-00027361 really chilling One Tap contact
vdGGRqPBjZM-00078-00027362-00029370 show me your code
vdGGRqPBjZM-00079-00029372-00029699 see how
vdGGRqPBjZM-00080-00029700-00030781 um
vdGGRqPBjZM-00081-00030782-00031108 a bad
vdGGRqPBjZM-00082-00031110-00031223 I was running because I'm starting to
vdGGRqPBjZM-00083-00031224-00031379 make a blackout no hot push button in
vdGGRqPBjZM-00084-00031380-00031546 your man's out no hockey I see a little
vdGGRqPBjZM-00085-00031547-00031655 about swimming all around me and shut
vdGGRqPBjZM-00086-00031656-00032045 them all down like I don't like
vdGGRqPBjZM-00087-00032045-00032273 me don't stop me y'all can see how I'm
vdGGRqPBjZM-00088-00032274-00032423 moving I want the walking over see what
vdGGRqPBjZM-00089-00032424-00032549 I do it but never stop I've never seen
vdGGRqPBjZM-00090-00032550-00032740 him I do it you actually seen all the
vdGGRqPBjZM-00091-00032741-00033359 rules
vdGGRqPBjZM-00092-00033360-00033509 Beach okay
vdGGRqPBjZM-00093-00033510-00035033 okay
vdGGRqPBjZM-00094-00035034-00038017 foreign
vdGGRqPBjZM-00095-00038018-00038362 fans out there
vdGGRqPBjZM-00096-00038363-00038609 four star cold
vdGGRqPBjZM-00097-00038610-00039011 after when you transition from The Ring
vdGGRqPBjZM-00098-00039012-00039323 Master to Stone Cold what was the first
vdGGRqPBjZM-00099-00039324-00039599 badass song He got
vdGGRqPBjZM-00100-00039600-00039779 let me know in the comments below don't
vdGGRqPBjZM-00101-00039780-00039935 cheat or anything if you're a real
vdGGRqPBjZM-00102-00039936-00040207 wrestling thing what was the first
vdGGRqPBjZM-00103-00040208-00040559 badass song he had
vdGGRqPBjZM-00104-00040560-00040823 and it's a diff it's a basically it's a
vdGGRqPBjZM-00105-00040824-00041033 different way of the original song here
vdGGRqPBjZM-00106-00041034-00041351 and it's a little bit more slower and
vdGGRqPBjZM-00107-00041352-00042546 had a different title what was it
vdGGRqPBjZM-00108-00042547-00042761 ice caps
vdGGRqPBjZM-00109-00042762-00043159 sign language
vdGGRqPBjZM-00110-00043160-00043807 bars too depressing can you just died
vdGGRqPBjZM-00111-00043808-00044002 really thought he was flying but you're
vdGGRqPBjZM-00112-00044003-00044123 not that guy see I got the type
vdGGRqPBjZM-00113-00044124-00044262 advantage okay
vdGGRqPBjZM-00114-00044263-00044833 oh yeah that was pretty [__] cold man
vdGGRqPBjZM-00115-00044834-00045077 well looks like straw hat is causing
vdGGRqPBjZM-00116-00045078-00045499 trouble again I'm standing again
vdGGRqPBjZM-00117-00045500-00046639 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00118-00046640-00046944 [Applause]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00119-00046945-00047911 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00120-00047912-00048205 what's unique
vdGGRqPBjZM-00121-00048206-00049237 but he's not sleepy at the same time
vdGGRqPBjZM-00122-00049238-00050767 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00123-00050768-00051958 on board
vdGGRqPBjZM-00124-00051959-00053098 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00125-00053099-00053692 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00126-00053694-00054054 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00127-00054055-00054311 can see the price and that nigga's on
vdGGRqPBjZM-00128-00054312-00054461 the move you might see him soon make a
vdGGRqPBjZM-00129-00054462-00054694 man a satellite he is sacrifice dang I
vdGGRqPBjZM-00130-00054695-00054923 ain't even mad damn blinking nine losing
vdGGRqPBjZM-00131-00054924-00055192 life spam [__] really know who I am my
vdGGRqPBjZM-00132-00055194-00055375 stand
vdGGRqPBjZM-00133-00055376-00055619 I can turn a wife into a Weeble with it
vdGGRqPBjZM-00134-00055620-00055775 I can turn the king into a season with
vdGGRqPBjZM-00135-00055776-00055991 it I could put them down a couple
vdGGRqPBjZM-00136-00055991-00056988 drink
vdGGRqPBjZM-00137-00056989-00057221 but yeah
vdGGRqPBjZM-00138-00057222-00057580 like I said before
vdGGRqPBjZM-00139-00057582-00057887 also like I said before if you want me
vdGGRqPBjZM-00140-00057888-00058115 to react to anything that you want me to
vdGGRqPBjZM-00141-00058116-00058225 order
vdGGRqPBjZM-00142-00058226-00058404 online
vdGGRqPBjZM-00143-00058405-00058715 or any other music
vdGGRqPBjZM-00144-00058716-00058930 or anything else
vdGGRqPBjZM-00145-00058932-00059200 for the rest of March this is just for
vdGGRqPBjZM-00146-00059201-00059453 this is just for my personal thing but
vdGGRqPBjZM-00147-00059454-00059629 if to anybody else
vdGGRqPBjZM-00148-00059629-00059897 whether you're a subscriber of mine or
vdGGRqPBjZM-00149-00059898-00060257 upcoming music holidays at night
vdGGRqPBjZM-00150-00060258-00060491 you saw my cash check earlier and even
vdGGRqPBjZM-00151-00060491-00060844 leave it in the description below
vdGGRqPBjZM-00152-00060845-00061061 and if you love and it's just a minimum
vdGGRqPBjZM-00153-00061062-00061294 of thirty dollars and saying you have to
vdGGRqPBjZM-00154-00061295-00061494 do 30 but if you want to do support
vdGGRqPBjZM-00155-00061495-00061900 minimum history but if you wanna help me
vdGGRqPBjZM-00156-00061901-00062113 out
vdGGRqPBjZM-00157-00062114-00062447 APK on YouTube yet
vdGGRqPBjZM-00158-00062448-00062753 so you want to help me out
vdGGRqPBjZM-00159-00062754-00063076 I should be at home CV or whatever and
vdGGRqPBjZM-00160-00063077-00063209 I've been reaction
vdGGRqPBjZM-00161-00063210-00063388 the way an eagle with it I could turn a
vdGGRqPBjZM-00162-00063389-00063532 wife into a Weeble with it I can turn
vdGGRqPBjZM-00163-00063533-00063700 the king into a season with it I can put
vdGGRqPBjZM-00164-00063701-00064153 them down a couple meters with a damn
vdGGRqPBjZM-00165-00064154-00064441 phone
vdGGRqPBjZM-00166-00064441-00065344 yes this is whoever you just needed
vdGGRqPBjZM-00167-00065345-00065567 no no everything's all good bro just
vdGGRqPBjZM-00168-00065568-00065785 Peach
vdGGRqPBjZM-00169-00065786-00066100 big big body is Celestial the crash
vdGGRqPBjZM-00170-00066101-00066287 course blowing [__] make this type of
vdGGRqPBjZM-00171-00066288-00066473 rain that you can't cast for I'm smoking
vdGGRqPBjZM-00172-00066474-00067450 [__] purple like I'm Peter
vdGGRqPBjZM-00173-00067451-00068464 absolutely
vdGGRqPBjZM-00174-00068465-00069976 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00175-00069977-00070571 situation
vdGGRqPBjZM-00176-00070572-00070871 it's just crazy but regardless of that
vdGGRqPBjZM-00177-00070872-00071194 like I said I want to see you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00178-00071195-00071500 with performance between Facebook and
vdGGRqPBjZM-00179-00071501-00071771 the supination because
vdGGRqPBjZM-00180-00071772-00072556 performance
vdGGRqPBjZM-00181-00072557-00073126 everybody has cancer in yourself
vdGGRqPBjZM-00182-00073127-00073355 of course blowing [__] make the type of
vdGGRqPBjZM-00183-00073356-00073535 rain that you can't cast for I'm smoking
vdGGRqPBjZM-00184-00073536-00073744 [__] purple like I'm pee attract the gas
vdGGRqPBjZM-00185-00073745-00073937 you gonna notice it pressure hits you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00186-00073938-00074194 crazy when I pass gotta focus in come
vdGGRqPBjZM-00187-00074195-00074393 into my senses tuning out your preaching
vdGGRqPBjZM-00188-00074394-00074626 weight you fall to consensus what do you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00189-00074627-00074867 believe in right I don't gotta see him
vdGGRqPBjZM-00190-00074868-00075088 it's gonna sing like Stevie [__] I go
vdGGRqPBjZM-00191-00075089-00075250 off every season make this [__] look
vdGGRqPBjZM-00192-00075251-00075383 easy
vdGGRqPBjZM-00193-00075384-00075637 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00194-00075638-00075947 and I'll bounce moving with the loud put
vdGGRqPBjZM-00195-00075948-00076138 perspective in perspective would I do
vdGGRqPBjZM-00196-00076139-00076343 without Borderlands got psychos in a
vdGGRqPBjZM-00197-00076344-00076571 drought [__] is you about my games fancy
vdGGRqPBjZM-00198-00076572-00076750 pipe up if you're around Harmony the
vdGGRqPBjZM-00199-00076751-00076931 sound I'm young said Arthur far beneath
vdGGRqPBjZM-00200-00076932-00077099 the crown hard to keep your vows it's
vdGGRqPBjZM-00201-00077100-00077249 still the holster where the piece is
vdGGRqPBjZM-00202-00077250-00077405 found pull the people down putting
vdGGRqPBjZM-00203-00077406-00077621 Newtons at his head we even pounds keeps
vdGGRqPBjZM-00204-00077622-00077988 the team around us
vdGGRqPBjZM-00205-00077989-00078209 you can say
vdGGRqPBjZM-00206-00078210-00078419 the piece is found pull the people down
vdGGRqPBjZM-00207-00078420-00078581 putting movings at his head we even
vdGGRqPBjZM-00208-00078582-00079876 pounds
vdGGRqPBjZM-00209-00079877-00080042 okay
vdGGRqPBjZM-00210-00080043-00081629 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00211-00081630-00082937 these days
vdGGRqPBjZM-00212-00082938-00083188 you better go crazy
vdGGRqPBjZM-00213-00083189-00083425 foreign
vdGGRqPBjZM-00214-00083426-00085374 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00215-00085375-00086129 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00216-00086130-00087811 windows
vdGGRqPBjZM-00217-00087812-00088818 a lot
vdGGRqPBjZM-00218-00088819-00089909 this is just him okay
vdGGRqPBjZM-00219-00089910-00090185 with music or in general
vdGGRqPBjZM-00220-00090186-00093049 you have mayonnaise
vdGGRqPBjZM-00221-00093050-00093437 while you and now you stuck
vdGGRqPBjZM-00222-00093438-00093605 compassion pouring burning green but
vdGGRqPBjZM-00223-00093606-00093779 made the forest he get green but only
vdGGRqPBjZM-00224-00093780-00094350 portion see my cream my wood enormous
vdGGRqPBjZM-00225-00094351-00094637 burning green but maybe
vdGGRqPBjZM-00226-00094638-00095117 oh
vdGGRqPBjZM-00227-00095118-00095315 leave portions see my cream I wouldn't
vdGGRqPBjZM-00228-00095316-00096023 normally
vdGGRqPBjZM-00229-00096024-00096323 [Music]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00230-00096324-00096544 I'll be up cause I ain't forcing you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00231-00096545-00096850 said damn boy you forged it that's why
vdGGRqPBjZM-00232-00096851-00097049 Yoshi can't endorse my pedal metal bro
vdGGRqPBjZM-00233-00097050-00097373 this Digi dashed on that wound that [__]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00234-00097374-00097529 that's why I like to see them shits with
vdGGRqPBjZM-00235-00097530-00097715 the door I'm moving past vert wheeler
vdGGRqPBjZM-00236-00097716-00097894 you in a circle by Jeff Gordon I thought
vdGGRqPBjZM-00237-00097895-00098675 it was good
vdGGRqPBjZM-00238-00098676-00098938 y'all gotta let me know
vdGGRqPBjZM-00239-00098939-00099161 it's not even just enough about yourself
vdGGRqPBjZM-00240-00099162-00099353 there are certain songs that when it
vdGGRqPBjZM-00241-00099354-00099479 comes
vdGGRqPBjZM-00242-00099480-00099694 you might not get it first because maybe
vdGGRqPBjZM-00243-00099695-00099994 I'm not gonna culture or whatever you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00244-00099995-00100350 just enemy or whatever just in general
vdGGRqPBjZM-00245-00100351-00100997 I'm pretty sure you've been so close
vdGGRqPBjZM-00247-00105314-00105533 sharing them
vdGGRqPBjZM-00248-00105533-00105721 it is
vdGGRqPBjZM-00249-00105722-00105958 and if you know why you still sharing
vdGGRqPBjZM-00250-00105959-00106319 him damn
vdGGRqPBjZM-00251-00106320-00106951 he's right
vdGGRqPBjZM-00252-00106952-00107375 ain't so freaking Pete
vdGGRqPBjZM-00253-00107376-00107639 whenever you hear a song or a sample
vdGGRqPBjZM-00254-00107640-00107836 from this [__]
vdGGRqPBjZM-00255-00107838-00108263 the short you go always come out either
vdGGRqPBjZM-00256-00108264-00108454 slightly
vdGGRqPBjZM-00257-00108455-00108719 or hyperventilating
vdGGRqPBjZM-00258-00108720-00109078 this alone it was not only Saucy but
vdGGRqPBjZM-00259-00109079-00110010 Japanese Fitness
vdGGRqPBjZM-00260-00110011-00110345 I wasn't drinking this water
vdGGRqPBjZM-00261-00110346-00110669 and I was reacting to him and held not
vdGGRqPBjZM-00262-00110670-00110866 even there's the water just the fan if I
vdGGRqPBjZM-00263-00110867-00111023 never had the fan on
vdGGRqPBjZM-00264-00111024-00111565 I would be swept from piece of paper
vdGGRqPBjZM-00265-00111566-00111749 y'all let me know what y'all thought
vdGGRqPBjZM-00266-00111750-00111971 about this in the comments below and one
vdGGRqPBjZM-00267-00111972-00112151 more time like I said during this
vdGGRqPBjZM-00268-00112152-00112349 reaction
vdGGRqPBjZM-00269-00112350-00112636 for the entire month of March
vdGGRqPBjZM-00270-00112638-00112913 for for any time when you see reactions
vdGGRqPBjZM-00271-00112914-00113134 these may be personal to me
vdGGRqPBjZM-00272-00113135-00113416 but for anybody else
vdGGRqPBjZM-00273-00113417-00113578 I'm a cashier
vdGGRqPBjZM-00274-00113579-00113807 it's at homozygi
vdGGRqPBjZM-00275-00113808-00114131 and if you want me to react to any type
vdGGRqPBjZM-00276-00114132-00114395 of music whether it be nerd whether it
vdGGRqPBjZM-00277-00114396-00114677 be a new nerd call artist or any other
vdGGRqPBjZM-00278-00114678-00114863 type of music or mainstream or
vdGGRqPBjZM-00279-00114864-00115175 underground rapper or whatever
vdGGRqPBjZM-00280-00115176-00115708 or anything else whether it be a meme or
vdGGRqPBjZM-00281-00115709-00116147 like funny stuff or so-and-so
vdGGRqPBjZM-00282-00116148-00116393 just hit me up on my cash app the
vdGGRqPBjZM-00283-00116394-00116675 minimum is 30 dollars because that seems
vdGGRqPBjZM-00284-00116676-00116897 to me I feel that's reasonable if you
vdGGRqPBjZM-00285-00116898-00117125 can't do 30 if you can't help me out
vdGGRqPBjZM-00286-00117126-00117299 with just thirty dollars every time
vdGGRqPBjZM-00287-00117300-00117449 something wrong with you something
vdGGRqPBjZM-00288-00117450-00117628 that's you know that's some of y'all are
vdGGRqPBjZM-00289-00117629-00117904 selfish as hell
vdGGRqPBjZM-00290-00117905-00118265 just them just for thirty dollars only
vdGGRqPBjZM-00291-00118266-00118427 and that reason they're higher and that
vdGGRqPBjZM-00292-00118428-00118607 reason it I'm not going to get low 30
vdGGRqPBjZM-00293-00118608-00118727 dollars
vdGGRqPBjZM-00294-00118728-00119057 and I react to any music or anything
vdGGRqPBjZM-00295-00119058-00119345 else you want me to do so so far hit me
vdGGRqPBjZM-00296-00119346-00119621 up but yeah and matter of fact I hit me
vdGGRqPBjZM-00297-00119622-00119939 up on my social media
vdGGRqPBjZM-00298-00119940-00120143 send me anything you want me to react to
vdGGRqPBjZM-00299-00120144-00120466 on my Instagram and such or nothing or
vdGGRqPBjZM-00300-00120467-00120593 my Twitter
vdGGRqPBjZM-00301-00120594-00120923 and put in the thirty dollars and back
vdGGRqPBjZM-00302-00120924-00121139 but yeah let me know what y'all thought
vdGGRqPBjZM-00303-00121140-00121345 about this in the comments below
vdGGRqPBjZM-00304-00121346-00121595 signing out stay positive and keep the
vdGGRqPBjZM-00305-00121596-00121889 bags up sorry for my phone like that
vdGGRqPBjZM-00306-00121890-00121976 there you go
vdGGRqPBjZM-00307-00121977-00122203 [Applause]
vero-0VXOdY-00000-00000000-00000191 what grade elementary school middle
vero-0VXOdY-00001-00000192-00000437 school there no we just have a big old
vero-0VXOdY-00002-00000438-00000916 barbecue and giving away school supplies
vero-0VXOdY-00003-00000917-00001157 the last couple years have been
vero-0VXOdY-00004-00001158-00001366 extremely stressful for policing across
vero-0VXOdY-00005-00001367-00001574 the country including our department
vero-0VXOdY-00006-00001575-00001852 have fun this year this barbecue is our
vero-0VXOdY-00007-00001853-00002009 way of saying thank you and at the same
vero-0VXOdY-00008-00002010-00002162 time we want to make sure that our young
vero-0VXOdY-00009-00002163-00002606 people get a good start in school we
vero-0VXOdY-00010-00002607-00003125 start on Monday notebook dividers for
vero-0VXOdY-00011-00003126-00003599 the minor a folder this is where we keep
vero-0VXOdY-00012-00003600-00004067 our pencils in I'll call my pencils and
vero-0VXOdY-00013-00004068-00004345 crayons we don't have enough school
vero-0VXOdY-00014-00004346-00004640 supplies so we had to get up you know if
vero-0VXOdY-00015-00004641-00004865 some child shows up at school without
vero-0VXOdY-00016-00004866-00005366 school supplies it's likely they will be
vero-0VXOdY-00017-00005367-00005825 singled out it's important that every
vero-0VXOdY-00018-00005826-00006056 child has something to take with them to
vero-0VXOdY-00019-00006057-00006388 school the first day there you go thank
vero-0VXOdY-00020-00006389-00006670 you thank you thank you I'm just excited
vero-0VXOdY-00021-00006672-00006959 to see DPT to be out here shaking hands
vero-0VXOdY-00022-00006959-00007171 getting to know the community appreciate
vero-0VXOdY-00023-00007172-00007337 oh you're welcome and the community
vero-0VXOdY-00024-00007338-00007583 getting to know law enforcement who
vero-0VXOdY-00025-00007584-00007808 protects us how you doing how are you
vero-0VXOdY-00026-00007809-00008027 how are you ma'am how you doing nice to
vero-0VXOdY-00027-00008028-00008189 meet you thanks for being here it's good
vero-0VXOdY-00028-00008190-00008351 to see that there's good officers out
vero-0VXOdY-00029-00008352-00008576 there since right now in today's age
vero-0VXOdY-00030-00008577-00008777 they're trying to put a bad name or law
vero-0VXOdY-00031-00008778-00008951 enforcement so I definitely appreciate
vero-0VXOdY-00032-00008952-00009173 what's going on today I got it just so
vero-0VXOdY-00033-00009174-00009424 incredibly important for how do you make
vero-0VXOdY-00034-00009425-00009719 them go our police force to connect with
vero-0VXOdY-00035-00009720-00010060 people in the community three two one go
vero-0VXOdY-00036-00010061-00010399 phenomenal day a great day good job I
vero-0VXOdY-00037-00010400-00010776 could not be happier
vero-0VXOdY-00038-00010777-00010982 you
vf9GayeNS_0-00000-00000096-00000286 hello everyone and welcome to the
vf9GayeNS_0-00001-00000287-00000503 finding and using sources workshop and
vf9GayeNS_0-00002-00000504-00000678 in this case it's a
vf9GayeNS_0-00003-00000679-00000911 online recorded version of the workshop
vf9GayeNS_0-00004-00000911-00001135 and so uh one thing that i just want to
vf9GayeNS_0-00005-00001136-00001223 know
vf9GayeNS_0-00006-00001224-00001423 upfront about the way this works is a
vf9GayeNS_0-00007-00001424-00001671 lot of it resembles the workshop that
vf9GayeNS_0-00008-00001672-00001887 you went through in fall quarter and it
vf9GayeNS_0-00009-00001888-00002030 just has a
vf9GayeNS_0-00010-00002032-00002223 a couple of slightly different
vf9GayeNS_0-00011-00002224-00002415 approaches but also of course it's going
vf9GayeNS_0-00012-00002416-00002567 to be unique to the assignment that
vf9GayeNS_0-00013-00002568-00002783 you're working on at this point and the
vf9GayeNS_0-00014-00002784-00002887 approaches that you're going to be
vf9GayeNS_0-00015-00002888-00003079 taking with it so
vf9GayeNS_0-00016-00003080-00003263 you can pause the video at any point
vf9GayeNS_0-00017-00003264-00003454 that you want to in order to
vf9GayeNS_0-00018-00003455-00003695 to do activities take notes whatever
vf9GayeNS_0-00019-00003696-00003854 makes sense to you
vf9GayeNS_0-00020-00003855-00004031 but also i have broken it out into
vf9GayeNS_0-00021-00004032-00004167 separate videos so that you have a
vf9GayeNS_0-00022-00004168-00004335 little bit more agency going to the
vf9GayeNS_0-00023-00004336-00004543 parts of it where you want to focus more
vf9GayeNS_0-00024-00004544-00004702 and then and have a little bit more
vf9GayeNS_0-00025-00004703-00004919 control over how you're going to be
vf9GayeNS_0-00026-00004920-00005070 approaching this
vf9GayeNS_0-00027-00005071-00005254 i will have some points where i suggest
vf9GayeNS_0-00028-00005255-00005599 that you you pause the video as well and
vf9GayeNS_0-00029-00005600-00005775 and be talking through some of those
vf9GayeNS_0-00030-00005776-00005983 parts and then um of course
vf9GayeNS_0-00031-00005984-00006134 one of the things to keep in mind is
vf9GayeNS_0-00032-00006135-00006431 that because uh the the overall inquiry
vf9GayeNS_0-00033-00006431-00006663 process the research reading and writing
vf9GayeNS_0-00034-00006664-00006759 process
vf9GayeNS_0-00035-00006759-00006951 is a social process as i mentioned in
vf9GayeNS_0-00036-00006952-00007110 previous workshops
vf9GayeNS_0-00037-00007111-00007310 keep in mind that you do have people
vf9GayeNS_0-00038-00007311-00007478 that you can be contacting as you're
vf9GayeNS_0-00039-00007479-00007663 working through this
vf9GayeNS_0-00040-00007664-00007895 that includes myself and also the folks
vf9GayeNS_0-00041-00007895-00008046 in the research and writing studio and
vf9GayeNS_0-00042-00008047-00008231 of course your classmates and instructor
vf9GayeNS_0-00043-00008232-00008319 as well
vf9GayeNS_0-00044-00008320-00008678 so let's go ahead and move forward and
vf9GayeNS_0-00045-00008679-00008846 what i want to start out with
vf9GayeNS_0-00046-00008847-00008935 is
vf9GayeNS_0-00047-00008936-00009159 taking a moment to revisit your inquiry
vf9GayeNS_0-00048-00009160-00009367 question and your sub questions
vf9GayeNS_0-00049-00009368-00009614 and the reason for this is because now
vf9GayeNS_0-00050-00009615-00009839 that you've had some time to sort of
vf9GayeNS_0-00051-00009840-00010071 gestate so to speak on your ideas and
vf9GayeNS_0-00052-00010072-00010310 and have that time to kind of let them
vf9GayeNS_0-00053-00010311-00010519 exist in your subconscious now is a good
vf9GayeNS_0-00054-00010520-00010751 time to come back to them and um have
vf9GayeNS_0-00055-00010752-00010967 some fresher eyes and taking a look at
vf9GayeNS_0-00056-00010968-00011303 it so as has been mentioned before
vf9GayeNS_0-00057-00011304-00011519 oftentimes uh you're going to be re
vf9GayeNS_0-00058-00011520-00011735 revising your inquiry question your pico
vf9GayeNS_0-00059-00011736-00011967 question and your sub questions uh over
vf9GayeNS_0-00060-00011968-00012119 time and that's a perfectly natural
vf9GayeNS_0-00061-00012120-00012287 thing to be doing so that that's
vf9GayeNS_0-00062-00012288-00012487 something that i encourage you to do at
vf9GayeNS_0-00063-00012488-00012695 this point to take a moment pause the
vf9GayeNS_0-00064-00012696-00012871 video get that inquiry question those
vf9GayeNS_0-00065-00012872-00012983 sub questions out because we're going to
vf9GayeNS_0-00066-00012984-00013222 be working from them and if they need
vf9GayeNS_0-00067-00013223-00013511 any tweaks now's a good time to do that
vf9GayeNS_0-00068-00013512-00013591 and
vf9GayeNS_0-00069-00013591-00013855 so uh the reason why um we're gonna be
vf9GayeNS_0-00070-00013856-00013991 doing this this is where we're gonna
vf9GayeNS_0-00071-00013991-00014191 hopefully end up today this is sort of
vf9GayeNS_0-00072-00014191-00014351 the abstract model for it and you've
vf9GayeNS_0-00073-00014352-00014486 seen this before with the previous
vf9GayeNS_0-00074-00014487-00014663 workshops but just to kind of revisit
vf9GayeNS_0-00075-00014663-00014838 what it's about
vf9GayeNS_0-00076-00014840-00015063 we want to get to the point where you
vf9GayeNS_0-00077-00015063-00015199 have sources that are going to be
vf9GayeNS_0-00078-00015200-00015358 speaking to your sub questions in the
vf9GayeNS_0-00079-00015359-00015575 most effective way possible and those
vf9GayeNS_0-00080-00015576-00015750 ways in which the sources speak to your
vf9GayeNS_0-00081-00015751-00015958 sub questions those are again those
vf9GayeNS_0-00082-00015959-00016150 rhetorical moves it's the types of
vf9GayeNS_0-00083-00016151-00016399 things that they do in order to
vf9GayeNS_0-00084-00016400-00016575 uh provide evidence for your sub
vf9GayeNS_0-00085-00016576-00016735 questions so that eventually your sub
vf9GayeNS_0-00086-00016736-00016975 questions become can become sub claims
vf9GayeNS_0-00087-00016976-00017158 and you can be making those claims in
vf9GayeNS_0-00088-00017159-00017367 the way that you want to be making them
vf9GayeNS_0-00089-00017368-00017550 or you can know how you need to modify
vf9GayeNS_0-00090-00017551-00017758 your claims in order to make the most
vf9GayeNS_0-00091-00017759-00017983 effective uh claims possible
vf9GayeNS_0-00092-00017984-00018143 so uh
vf9GayeNS_0-00093-00018144-00018414 a way of thinking about this is the uh
vf9GayeNS_0-00094-00018415-00018703 the dinner party type approach uh to to
vf9GayeNS_0-00095-00018704-00018871 thinking about it where you could say
vf9GayeNS_0-00096-00018872-00018991 well you know
vf9GayeNS_0-00097-00018992-00019294 the green source uh speaks to
vf9GayeNS_0-00098-00019295-00019455 a couple of these sub questions but how
vf9GayeNS_0-00099-00019456-00019647 would the green source be speaking to
vf9GayeNS_0-00100-00019648-00019886 the yellow source how would it be
vf9GayeNS_0-00101-00019887-00020014 speaking to the orange source
vf9GayeNS_0-00102-00020015-00020350 differently uh and how in turn after i
vf9GayeNS_0-00103-00020351-00020486 have those sources that are speaking to
vf9GayeNS_0-00104-00020487-00020663 the subquestion and sometimes i might
vf9GayeNS_0-00105-00020664-00020847 have lots of them like the the four of
vf9GayeNS_0-00106-00020848-00021103 them where there's a purple a gray a red
vf9GayeNS_0-00107-00021104-00021239 and a yellow
vf9GayeNS_0-00108-00021240-00021375 and in other cases it might just have
vf9GayeNS_0-00109-00021376-00021550 the one but how are they going to be
vf9GayeNS_0-00110-00021551-00021686 speaking to the sub questions and then
vf9GayeNS_0-00111-00021687-00021886 those sub questions in turn speaking to
vf9GayeNS_0-00112-00021887-00022086 the inquiry questions so that that
vf9GayeNS_0-00113-00022087-00022207 include questions going to become a
vf9GayeNS_0-00114-00022208-00022439 thesis statement and so i'm going to be
vf9GayeNS_0-00115-00022440-00022655 working towards the most effective paper
vf9GayeNS_0-00116-00022656-00022983 i can in writing a a strong thesis
vf9GayeNS_0-00117-00022984-00023255 statement and the same goes for a poster
vf9GayeNS_0-00118-00023256-00023471 when you're putting the poster together
vf9GayeNS_0-00119-00023472-00023703 so in order to to get started with
vf9GayeNS_0-00120-00023704-00023894 thinking about the types of information
vf9GayeNS_0-00121-00023895-00024078 you need to have in finding those
vf9GayeNS_0-00122-00024079-00024286 sources to speak to the sub questions
vf9GayeNS_0-00123-00024287-00024478 that's where we want to move into the
vf9GayeNS_0-00124-00024479-00024791 rhetorical moves and talking about the
vf9GayeNS_0-00125-00024792-00024991 types of sources you're going to need
vf9GayeNS_0-00126-00024992-00025199 and and trying to figure that out so
vf9GayeNS_0-00127-00025200-00025350 let's take a moment to define some of
vf9GayeNS_0-00128-00025351-00025550 the rhetorical moves there's a link to a
vf9GayeNS_0-00129-00025551-00025718 rhetorical moves handout that you can be
vf9GayeNS_0-00130-00025719-00025862 using as well
vf9GayeNS_0-00131-00025863-00026046 but these slides describe it in a little
vf9GayeNS_0-00132-00026047-00026118 bit
vf9GayeNS_0-00133-00026119-00026399 more detail with examples so
vf9GayeNS_0-00134-00026400-00026567 starting out with the first of the three
vf9GayeNS_0-00135-00026568-00026807 rhetorical moves there's grounding and
vf9GayeNS_0-00136-00026808-00027023 you have a reading for this course where
vf9GayeNS_0-00137-00027024-00027262 it talks about a lot of these same ideas
vf9GayeNS_0-00138-00027263-00027439 uses slightly different terminology and
vf9GayeNS_0-00139-00027439-00027574 a slightly different approach but it's
vf9GayeNS_0-00140-00027575-00027783 essentially the the same types of ideas
vf9GayeNS_0-00141-00027783-00027983 and so whichever model ends up working
vf9GayeNS_0-00142-00027983-00028174 best for you then that's perfectly great
vf9GayeNS_0-00143-00028175-00028407 to be going with either one of those but
vf9GayeNS_0-00144-00028408-00028623 with grounding it's situating a claim
vf9GayeNS_0-00145-00028624-00028783 within a particular context right so
vf9GayeNS_0-00146-00028783-00028918 there's defining that one's pretty
vf9GayeNS_0-00147-00028919-00029199 straightforward uh how a scholar defines
vf9GayeNS_0-00148-00029200-00029318 a particular
vf9GayeNS_0-00149-00029319-00029574 concept and you put that forward there's
vf9GayeNS_0-00150-00029575-00029767 framing so in this case it's
vf9GayeNS_0-00151-00029768-00029887 saying something where we could say
vf9GayeNS_0-00152-00029888-00030087 historically scholars have examined a
vf9GayeNS_0-00153-00030088-00030367 particular concept through a particular
vf9GayeNS_0-00154-00030368-00030599 lens or a theoretical framework so that
vf9GayeNS_0-00155-00030600-00030711 we're actually kind of putting that
vf9GayeNS_0-00156-00030712-00030870 forward as a
vf9GayeNS_0-00157-00030872-00031127 how a an idea has been approached it
vf9GayeNS_0-00158-00031127-00031374 could be illustrating as well where in
vf9GayeNS_0-00159-00031375-00031583 this case we're saying we can look to
vf9GayeNS_0-00160-00031583-00031774 scholar d who illustrates many of the
vf9GayeNS_0-00161-00031775-00032102 complexities embedded in concept x and
vf9GayeNS_0-00162-00032103-00032262 so they it's something that kind of
vf9GayeNS_0-00163-00032263-00032511 gives life to a particular idea or it
vf9GayeNS_0-00164-00032512-00032727 could be authorizing where it's we might
vf9GayeNS_0-00165-00032727-00032951 be saying scholar c accuse echoes what
vf9GayeNS_0-00166-00032952-00033215 i've argued for saying that and then you
vf9GayeNS_0-00167-00033216-00033462 can have the the quote or the paraphrase
vf9GayeNS_0-00168-00033463-00033631 of the claim that you would be using in
vf9GayeNS_0-00169-00033632-00033862 that particular instance
vf9GayeNS_0-00170-00033863-00034055 now the second of the three rhetorical
vf9GayeNS_0-00171-00034056-00034271 moves is forwarding and that's extending
vf9GayeNS_0-00172-00034272-00034511 or repurposing the ideas or expertise of
vf9GayeNS_0-00173-00034512-00034799 others between contacts and so this is
vf9GayeNS_0-00174-00034800-00034935 where it's a little bit trickier and
vf9GayeNS_0-00175-00034936-00035095 it's something that's
vf9GayeNS_0-00176-00035096-00035343 a slightly more difficult uh
vf9GayeNS_0-00177-00035344-00035687 task for us people who are are
vf9GayeNS_0-00178-00035688-00035943 researching and writing and reading into
vf9GayeNS_0-00179-00035944-00036151 expertise rather than writing and
vf9GayeNS_0-00180-00036152-00036399 researching and reading from expertise
vf9GayeNS_0-00181-00036400-00036630 so as undergraduates a lot of you are
vf9GayeNS_0-00182-00036631-00036735 still
vf9GayeNS_0-00183-00036736-00037055 working on uh developing your your voice
vf9GayeNS_0-00184-00037056-00037230 in terms of scholarship related to
vf9GayeNS_0-00185-00037231-00037446 nursing so sometimes it can feel a
vf9GayeNS_0-00186-00037447-00037623 little bit awkward to be
vf9GayeNS_0-00187-00037624-00037751 doing some of these moves but they're
vf9GayeNS_0-00188-00037752-00037967 very valuable things to be doing in the
vf9GayeNS_0-00189-00037968-00038279 process of scholarship and so uh just to
vf9GayeNS_0-00190-00038280-00038415 illustrate a few of those there's
vf9GayeNS_0-00191-00038416-00038646 borrowing so although scholar c
vf9GayeNS_0-00192-00038647-00038855 exclusively focused on and there's an
vf9GayeNS_0-00193-00038856-00039023 original context that you can say the
vf9GayeNS_0-00194-00039024-00039262 same idea can be applied to and then you
vf9GayeNS_0-00195-00039263-00039462 have a new context for that particular
vf9GayeNS_0-00196-00039463-00039774 uh issue uh it could be extending an
vf9GayeNS_0-00197-00039775-00039983 idea so you could be saying well i agree
vf9GayeNS_0-00198-00039984-00040183 with scholar a's main premise i would
vf9GayeNS_0-00199-00040184-00040455 argue that uh a does not go far enough
vf9GayeNS_0-00200-00040456-00040702 and that and then you would be inserting
vf9GayeNS_0-00201-00040703-00040855 your new idea there so you looked at
vf9GayeNS_0-00202-00040856-00041151 their evidence and you have come to
vf9GayeNS_0-00203-00041152-00041343 yet another idea from it that maybe they
vf9GayeNS_0-00204-00041344-00041558 didn't describe themselves
vf9GayeNS_0-00205-00041559-00041743 or it could be synthesizing where you in
vf9GayeNS_0-00206-00041744-00041990 this case it's scholars a b and c offer
vf9GayeNS_0-00207-00041991-00042199 similar insights scholars d and ego
vf9GayeNS_0-00208-00042200-00042407 against the grain a scholar f offers an
vf9GayeNS_0-00209-00042408-00042583 entirely new explanation
vf9GayeNS_0-00210-00042584-00042758 taking these valuable perspectives
vf9GayeNS_0-00211-00042759-00042951 collectively i conclude that and then
vf9GayeNS_0-00212-00042952-00043127 you offer your own unique and new
vf9GayeNS_0-00213-00043128-00043239 perspective
vf9GayeNS_0-00214-00043240-00043446 and uh and synthesizing is oftentimes
vf9GayeNS_0-00215-00043447-00043639 one of the trickier ones of those three
vf9GayeNS_0-00216-00043640-00043855 to be doing you don't need to have all
vf9GayeNS_0-00217-00043856-00044062 that as many sources i have as i have in
vf9GayeNS_0-00218-00044063-00044246 that example it could just be two
vf9GayeNS_0-00219-00044247-00044462 sources but it is that process where you
vf9GayeNS_0-00220-00044463-00044718 really bring in two new sources to gain
vf9GayeNS_0-00221-00044719-00044895 new perspectives
vf9GayeNS_0-00222-00044896-00045174 and then there is countering which can
vf9GayeNS_0-00223-00045175-00045343 sometimes take place within the other
vf9GayeNS_0-00224-00045344-00045551 rhetorical moves as we kind of saw that
vf9GayeNS_0-00225-00045552-00045646 there was
vf9GayeNS_0-00226-00045647-00045846 a countering activity taking place in
vf9GayeNS_0-00227-00045847-00046102 that synthesizing example a moment ago
vf9GayeNS_0-00228-00046103-00046262 but that's presenting alternative
vf9GayeNS_0-00229-00046263-00046439 perspectives or uncovering gaps in
vf9GayeNS_0-00230-00046440-00046655 others views so that could be borrowing
vf9GayeNS_0-00231-00046656-00046879 where although scholar c exclusively
vf9GayeNS_0-00232-00046880-00047023 focused on
vf9GayeNS_0-00233-00047024-00047118 and
vf9GayeNS_0-00234-00047119-00047367 has a particular idea scholar a seems to
vf9GayeNS_0-00235-00047368-00047527 have overlooked and then you're
vf9GayeNS_0-00236-00047528-00047783 presenting an alternative perspective or
vf9GayeNS_0-00237-00047784-00048023 it could be uncovering values so if
vf9GayeNS_0-00238-00048024-00048302 scholar a and b had also taken and then
vf9GayeNS_0-00239-00048303-00048471 you put a gap in thinking into
vf9GayeNS_0-00240-00048472-00048711 consideration they may have reached a
vf9GayeNS_0-00241-00048712-00048886 different conclusion
vf9GayeNS_0-00242-00048887-00049079 so those are the rhetorical moves and
vf9GayeNS_0-00243-00049080-00049223 and they're good to be keeping in mind
vf9GayeNS_0-00244-00049224-00049374 in terms of what kind of information
vf9GayeNS_0-00245-00049375-00049646 sources you might need but there are
vf9GayeNS_0-00246-00049647-00049855 also different types of information
vf9GayeNS_0-00247-00049856-00049983 sources and they can speak to your
vf9GayeNS_0-00248-00049984-00050158 sources in different ways and they
vf9GayeNS_0-00249-00050159-00050383 relate to the rhetorical moves uh but if
vf9GayeNS_0-00250-00050384-00050535 they're more about the sort of the
vf9GayeNS_0-00251-00050536-00050735 format type of the source that you're
vf9GayeNS_0-00252-00050736-00050918 going to need and so if you think about
vf9GayeNS_0-00253-00050919-00051190 your sub questions and you are thinking
vf9GayeNS_0-00254-00051191-00051335 about the things that you need from your
vf9GayeNS_0-00255-00051336-00051502 sources are those going to be best
vf9GayeNS_0-00256-00051503-00051711 addressed with a peer-reviewed research
vf9GayeNS_0-00257-00051712-00051958 article so something where it's gone
vf9GayeNS_0-00258-00051959-00052142 through that rigorous process and it's
vf9GayeNS_0-00259-00052144-00052423 kind of the gold standard of academic
vf9GayeNS_0-00260-00052424-00052679 scholarship uh it might also be
vf9GayeNS_0-00261-00052679-00052799 something where it's coming from a
vf9GayeNS_0-00262-00052800-00052959 professional source the professional
vf9GayeNS_0-00263-00052960-00053247 organizations or a government source and
vf9GayeNS_0-00264-00053248-00053526 it has some authority in those senses uh
vf9GayeNS_0-00265-00053527-00053854 as well because it has the expertise and
vf9GayeNS_0-00266-00053855-00053991 of those organizations or the
vf9GayeNS_0-00267-00053991-00054254 governments behind it uh might it also
vf9GayeNS_0-00268-00054255-00054382 be a course reading so there could be
vf9GayeNS_0-00269-00054383-00054638 some course readings that you would be
vf9GayeNS_0-00270-00054639-00054863 bringing into the mix as well as part of
vf9GayeNS_0-00271-00054864-00055111 your your overall writing process
vf9GayeNS_0-00272-00055112-00055319 uh another example of something might be
vf9GayeNS_0-00273-00055320-00055566 a primary source so a primary source
vf9GayeNS_0-00274-00055567-00055735 which is good to to make sure to not
vf9GayeNS_0-00275-00055736-00055903 confuse with
vf9GayeNS_0-00276-00055904-00056159 primary research where primary research
vf9GayeNS_0-00277-00056160-00056247 is
vf9GayeNS_0-00278-00056248-00056430 something where it is generating
vf9GayeNS_0-00279-00056432-00056623 something that is eventually a primary
vf9GayeNS_0-00280-00056624-00056919 source but primary research becomes a
vf9GayeNS_0-00281-00056920-00057159 peer-reviewed journal article in most
vf9GayeNS_0-00282-00057160-00057519 instances or other research type
vf9GayeNS_0-00283-00057520-00057694 products but
vf9GayeNS_0-00284-00057695-00057847 other primary sources that you might be
vf9GayeNS_0-00285-00057848-00058103 considering are things like say patient
vf9GayeNS_0-00286-00058104-00058271 testimonials or
vf9GayeNS_0-00287-00058272-00058423 nursing prac
vf9GayeNS_0-00288-00058424-00058599 a nurse who is
vf9GayeNS_0-00289-00058600-00058815 actually practicing their testimonials
vf9GayeNS_0-00290-00058816-00059103 around a particular issue so those would
vf9GayeNS_0-00291-00059104-00059263 all be primary sources because they are
vf9GayeNS_0-00292-00059264-00059415 they're coming directly like they're the
vf9GayeNS_0-00293-00059416-00059630 most elementary source of information
vf9GayeNS_0-00294-00059632-00059975 you could have uh it could be data on a
vf9GayeNS_0-00295-00059976-00060350 topic so uh um you know it could be very
vf9GayeNS_0-00296-00060351-00060550 specific uh information that was
vf9GayeNS_0-00297-00060551-00060759 gathered through focus groups or through
vf9GayeNS_0-00298-00060760-00060950 interviews but has not been interpreted
vf9GayeNS_0-00299-00060951-00061182 yet those would be primary sources
vf9GayeNS_0-00300-00061183-00061471 uh it might also be an expert as well so
vf9GayeNS_0-00301-00061472-00061599 somebody who really knows what they're
vf9GayeNS_0-00302-00061600-00061791 talking about and it's not something
vf9GayeNS_0-00303-00061791-00062023 necessarily that has to be written down
vf9GayeNS_0-00304-00062024-00062199 you just have to keep in mind that how
vf9GayeNS_0-00305-00062200-00062342 you use those can
vf9GayeNS_0-00306-00062344-00062542 really vary because you want to be
vf9GayeNS_0-00307-00062544-00062719 careful about
vf9GayeNS_0-00308-00062720-00062863 using something where you basically
vf9GayeNS_0-00309-00062864-00063103 can't direct your reader to the evidence
vf9GayeNS_0-00310-00063104-00063191 that you're going to be providing
vf9GayeNS_0-00311-00063191-00063366 because unless it's been recorded you're
vf9GayeNS_0-00312-00063367-00063519 not going to be able to do that and of
vf9GayeNS_0-00313-00063520-00063679 course you're going to be one wanting to
vf9GayeNS_0-00314-00063679-00063887 follow the assignment guidelines as a
vf9GayeNS_0-00315-00063888-00064079 part of this overall process
vf9GayeNS_0-00316-00064079-00064294 so now is a good time to
vf9GayeNS_0-00317-00064295-00064471 to stop and
vf9GayeNS_0-00318-00064472-00064750 this video will end but uh take the time
vf9GayeNS_0-00319-00064751-00064911 to examine your sub questions and
vf9GayeNS_0-00320-00064912-00065087 determine what moves your sources are
vf9GayeNS_0-00321-00065088-00065238 ideally going to make and to answer
vf9GayeNS_0-00322-00065239-00065415 those questions and the green and
vf9GayeNS_0-00323-00065416-00065687 lindinsky chapter the um that you have
vf9GayeNS_0-00324-00065688-00065871 uh those worksheets that are in there
vf9GayeNS_0-00325-00065872-00066111 that are in the figures sections those
vf9GayeNS_0-00326-00066112-00066294 are excellent templates to to use for
vf9GayeNS_0-00327-00066295-00066519 this activity so i definitely would
vf9GayeNS_0-00328-00066520-00066694 recommend considering using those or
vf9GayeNS_0-00329-00066695-00066855 adaptations of those
vf9GayeNS_0-00330-00066856-00067150 uh within this type of an activity and
vf9GayeNS_0-00331-00067151-00067359 any sources that you already have it's
vf9GayeNS_0-00332-00067360-00067550 good to kind of identify what kind of
vf9GayeNS_0-00333-00067551-00067782 rhetorical moves they are already making
vf9GayeNS_0-00334-00067783-00067982 and how they speak to your sources so
vf9GayeNS_0-00335-00067983-00068103 that you're going to be able to move
vf9GayeNS_0-00336-00068104-00068287 forward and figure out the gaps that you
vf9GayeNS_0-00337-00068288-00068519 still have in terms of finding sources
vf9GayeNS_0-00338-00068520-00068647 the sources that are going to be most
vf9GayeNS_0-00339-00068648-00068983 effective on your topic
vfluhlFyADu-00000-00000014-00000308 the cabinet of Georgia is an Executive
vfluhlFyADu-00001-00000309-00000482 Council of government ministers in
vfluhlFyADu-00002-00000483-00000703 Georgia it is headed by the Prime
vfluhlFyADu-00003-00000704-00000928 Minister of Georgia in the cases of
vfluhlFyADu-00004-00000930-00001120 utmost importance the meetings may be
vfluhlFyADu-00005-00001121-00001370 led by the president of Georgia the
vfluhlFyADu-00006-00001371-00001579 first cabinet of Georgia was formed by
vfluhlFyADu-00007-00001580-00001787 no azor Dania in the Democratic Republic
vfluhlFyADu-00008-00001788-00002159 of Georgia in 1918 however the first
vfluhlFyADu-00009-00002160-00002333 head of government was Noah Ramesh
vfluhlFyADu-00010-00002334-00002624 wheelie Zoar Dania succeeding him until
vfluhlFyADu-00011-00002625-00002921 the 24th of January 2008 the cabinet
vfluhlFyADu-00012-00002922-00003160 consisted of four state ministers and 13
vfluhlFyADu-00013-00003161-00003419 ministers after the re-election of
vfluhlFyADu-00014-00003420-00003579 President Mikhail Saakashvili
vfluhlFyADu-00015-00003580-00003785 significant changes were made to the
vfluhlFyADu-00016-00003786-00003944 structure of the cabinet by the then
vfluhlFyADu-00017-00003945-00004103 head of the Georgian government Prime
vfluhlFyADu-00018-00004104-00004388 Minister Lata gorgonites in Georgian
vfluhlFyADu-00019-00004389-00004622 politics a minister enjoys seniority
vfluhlFyADu-00020-00004623-00004799 over a state Minister as in the British
vfluhlFyADu-00021-00004800-00005011 cabinet where a state Minister is below
vfluhlFyADu-00022-00005012-00005293 a minister by rank as a consequence of
vfluhlFyADu-00023-00005294-00005609 2008 changes several new positions such
vfluhlFyADu-00024-00005610-00005774 as State Minister for European
vfluhlFyADu-00025-00005775-00005942 integration and state minister for
vfluhlFyADu-00026-00005943-00006188 diasporas as well as State Minister for
vfluhlFyADu-00027-00006189-00006425 reintegration were introduced the
vfluhlFyADu-00028-00006426-00006650 position State Minister for reforms was
vfluhlFyADu-00029-00006651-00006889 abolished the ministers of defense and
vfluhlFyADu-00030-00006890-00007042 internal affairs as well as the
vfluhlFyADu-00031-00007043-00007234 prosecutor general were not members of
vfluhlFyADu-00032-00007236-00007376 the cabinet as such and were
vfluhlFyADu-00033-00007377-00007570 subordinated to the president of Georgia
vfluhlFyADu-00034-00007572-00007798 but they are now considered to be the
vfluhlFyADu-00035-00007800-00008128 members of the cabinet in 2017 there was
vfluhlFyADu-00036-00008129-00008321 a new wave of structural reforms in the
vfluhlFyADu-00037-00008322-00008627 cabinet currently there are 13 ministers
vfluhlFyADu-00038-00008628-00008837 in one state minister in the cabinet of
vfluhlFyADu-00039-00008838-00009389 Georgia
vfluhlFyADu-00040-00009390-00009881 topic cabinet
vfluhlFyADu-00041-00009882-00010250 you
vfluhlFyADu-00042-00010251-00010796 topic C also
vfluhlFyADu-00043-00010797-00011095 cabinet of Iraq League re Bosch viele
vfluhlFyADu-00044-00011096-00011486 cabinet of Bidzina Ivanishvili cabinet
vfluhlFyADu-00045-00011487-00011884 of Zurab CH Vanya parliament of georgia
vfluhlFyADu-00046-00011885-00012227 president of georgia
vgEC8x6K4ku-00000-00001200-00001423 in the past few years cyber policy
vgEC8x6K4ku-00001-00001424-00001630 issues have electrified debate in latin
vgEC8x6K4ku-00002-00001632-00001879 america high-profile stories on issues
vgEC8x6K4ku-00003-00001880-00002095 like cyber security surveillance and net
vgEC8x6K4ku-00004-00002096-00002271 neutrality have become a prominent
vgEC8x6K4ku-00005-00002272-00002510 feature of media across the region by
vgEC8x6K4ku-00006-00002511-00002663 the end of this video you'll have a
vgEC8x6K4ku-00007-00002664-00002895 better understanding of the cyber policy
vgEC8x6K4ku-00008-00002896-00003079 landscape in latin america where
vgEC8x6K4ku-00009-00003080-00003231 relevant policy issues are being
vgEC8x6K4ku-00010-00003232-00003422 discussed and how to engage in these
vgEC8x6K4ku-00011-00003423-00003615 debates let's start with a bit of
vgEC8x6K4ku-00012-00003615-00003854 context many countries in latin america
vgEC8x6K4ku-00013-00003855-00004063 went through dictatorships in the 20th
vgEC8x6K4ku-00014-00004064-00004263 century and are still relatively young
vgEC8x6K4ku-00015-00004264-00004495 democracies but the last few decades
vgEC8x6K4ku-00016-00004496-00004670 have seen the rise of strong human
vgEC8x6K4ku-00017-00004671-00004902 rights movements all over the region and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00018-00004903-00005102 while the strength of civil society
vgEC8x6K4ku-00019-00005103-00005367 varies widely from country to country
vgEC8x6K4ku-00020-00005368-00005606 often reflecting other inequalities
vgEC8x6K4ku-00021-00005607-00005815 these movements often work across
vgEC8x6K4ku-00022-00005816-00006111 borders facilitated by shared languages
vgEC8x6K4ku-00023-00006112-00006327 increasingly human rights defenders are
vgEC8x6K4ku-00024-00006328-00006559 engaging with cyber policy issues which
vgEC8x6K4ku-00025-00006559-00006734 are quickly rising up the political
vgEC8x6K4ku-00026-00006736-00006975 agenda in latin america with over half
vgEC8x6K4ku-00027-00006976-00007239 of its population now online the region
vgEC8x6K4ku-00028-00007240-00007455 has experienced widespread economic and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00029-00007456-00007670 social development fostered by greater
vgEC8x6K4ku-00030-00007672-00007927 connectivity at the same time dependency
vgEC8x6K4ku-00031-00007928-00008159 on internet-based platforms and services
vgEC8x6K4ku-00032-00008159-00008335 has created new security and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00033-00008336-00008567 crime-related risks in the last few
vgEC8x6K4ku-00034-00008568-00008783 years the region has spearheaded many
vgEC8x6K4ku-00035-00008784-00009039 pioneering cyber policy initiatives the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00036-00009040-00009271 brazilian civil rights framework for the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00037-00009272-00009551 internet known as the marco seville the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00038-00009552-00009839 chilean net neutrality law and the net
vgEC8x6K4ku-00039-00009840-00010135 mundial multi-stakeholder statement but
vgEC8x6K4ku-00040-00010136-00010359 with growing political instability more
vgEC8x6K4ku-00041-00010360-00010527 needs to be done to ensure a human
vgEC8x6K4ku-00042-00010528-00010710 rights respecting approach to cyber
vgEC8x6K4ku-00043-00010711-00011110 policies in the region
vgEC8x6K4ku-00044-00011111-00011351 so what are the key cyber policy issues
vgEC8x6K4ku-00045-00011352-00011535 for human rights defenders in latin
vgEC8x6K4ku-00046-00011536-00011814 america let's start with cyber security
vgEC8x6K4ku-00047-00011815-00012031 as we saw earlier in the series this is
vgEC8x6K4ku-00048-00012032-00012255 an elastic term which can cover a range
vgEC8x6K4ku-00049-00012256-00012495 of issues from cyber crime to technical
vgEC8x6K4ku-00050-00012496-00012710 standards capacity building to data
vgEC8x6K4ku-00051-00012711-00012951 protection across the region concerns
vgEC8x6K4ku-00052-00012952-00013151 have grown over criminal or malicious
vgEC8x6K4ku-00053-00013152-00013415 activity in cyberspace this has sparked
vgEC8x6K4ku-00054-00013416-00013607 efforts across the region to develop
vgEC8x6K4ku-00055-00013608-00013830 stronger cyber security frameworks and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00056-00013831-00014119 measures and increase cyber capabilities
vgEC8x6K4ku-00057-00014119-00014391 according to the itu six countries in
vgEC8x6K4ku-00058-00014391-00014575 the region have adopted national cyber
vgEC8x6K4ku-00059-00014576-00014838 security strategies and at least 11
vgEC8x6K4ku-00060-00014840-00015047 others are currently in the process of
vgEC8x6K4ku-00061-00015047-00015271 developing them this has also led to a
vgEC8x6K4ku-00062-00015272-00015494 wave of new legislation and bills
vgEC8x6K4ku-00063-00015495-00015719 particularly on cybercrime bringing
vgEC8x6K4ku-00064-00015719-00015911 legislation up to date is of course
vgEC8x6K4ku-00065-00015912-00016111 important but in the absence of proper
vgEC8x6K4ku-00066-00016112-00016335 scrutiny from a human rights perspective
vgEC8x6K4ku-00067-00016336-00016535 these laws could be used to justify
vgEC8x6K4ku-00068-00016536-00016719 measures which undermine freedom of
vgEC8x6K4ku-00069-00016720-00016919 expression and privacy like legal
vgEC8x6K4ku-00070-00016920-00017143 threats against journalists curbs on
vgEC8x6K4ku-00071-00017144-00017383 encryption and mass surveillance civil
vgEC8x6K4ku-00072-00017384-00017591 society groups have pointed to the use
vgEC8x6K4ku-00073-00017592-00017775 of controversial monitoring tools
vgEC8x6K4ku-00074-00017776-00018094 including finfisher in nine countries
vgEC8x6K4ku-00075-00018095-00018294 as evidence of a growing surveillance
vgEC8x6K4ku-00076-00018295-00018511 culture in the region but human rights
vgEC8x6K4ku-00077-00018512-00018719 defenders are resisting this trend in
vgEC8x6K4ku-00078-00018720-00018958 paraguay for example a data retention
vgEC8x6K4ku-00079-00018959-00019247 bill introduced in 2014 was defeated
vgEC8x6K4ku-00080-00019248-00019494 thanks to a landmark campaign mounted by
vgEC8x6K4ku-00081-00019495-00019743 tadik a paraguayan human rights group
vgEC8x6K4ku-00082-00019744-00019975 which reframed discussions to focus on
vgEC8x6K4ku-00083-00019976-00020239 metadata and privacy as well as cyber
vgEC8x6K4ku-00084-00020240-00020486 security a number of other cyber policy
vgEC8x6K4ku-00085-00020487-00020663 issues have captured the attention of
vgEC8x6K4ku-00086-00020664-00020855 policy makers in the region over the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00087-00020856-00021063 last few years many countries in latin
vgEC8x6K4ku-00088-00021064-00021239 america have made important steps
vgEC8x6K4ku-00089-00021240-00021455 forward in adopting strong net
vgEC8x6K4ku-00090-00021456-00021735 neutrality provisions in fact chile was
vgEC8x6K4ku-00091-00021736-00021927 the first country in the world to pass a
vgEC8x6K4ku-00092-00021928-00022167 law recognizing net neutrality the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00093-00022168-00022319 looming ratification of the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00094-00022320-00022511 trans-pacific partnership means
vgEC8x6K4ku-00095-00022512-00022719 intellectual property is likely to
vgEC8x6K4ku-00096-00022720-00022958 remain a hot topic this agreement is
vgEC8x6K4ku-00097-00022959-00023175 likely to open challenging debates on a
vgEC8x6K4ku-00098-00023176-00023407 range of human rights including freedom
vgEC8x6K4ku-00099-00023408-00023630 of expression the right to information
vgEC8x6K4ku-00100-00023631-00023911 and privacy data protection is also a
vgEC8x6K4ku-00101-00023912-00024158 key area of concern most countries in
vgEC8x6K4ku-00102-00024159-00024358 the region already have constitutional
vgEC8x6K4ku-00103-00024359-00024655 protections on personal data some have
vgEC8x6K4ku-00104-00024656-00024942 also adopted strong data protection laws
vgEC8x6K4ku-00105-00024943-00025150 while others are in the process of
vgEC8x6K4ku-00106-00025151-00025414 revising theirs or creating new ones
vgEC8x6K4ku-00107-00025415-00025655 norms and processes established on these
vgEC8x6K4ku-00108-00025656-00025846 issues and others like spectrum
vgEC8x6K4ku-00109-00025847-00026055 management and technical standards can
vgEC8x6K4ku-00110-00026056-00026255 have an indirect impact on cyber
vgEC8x6K4ku-00111-00026256-00026462 security and cyber crime and need the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00112-00026463-00026646 scrutiny and attention of human rights
vgEC8x6K4ku-00113-00026647-00026974 defenders
vgEC8x6K4ku-00114-00026975-00027183 for human rights defenders the obvious
vgEC8x6K4ku-00115-00027183-00027351 first point of engagement is the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00116-00027352-00027623 national level where cyber policies laws
vgEC8x6K4ku-00117-00027624-00027839 and frameworks have the greatest impact
vgEC8x6K4ku-00118-00027839-00028039 as we've seen in the case of paraguay
vgEC8x6K4ku-00119-00028039-00028207 human rights defenders can engage
vgEC8x6K4ku-00120-00028208-00028407 effectively at the legislative level
vgEC8x6K4ku-00121-00028408-00028614 either by working with legislators or by
vgEC8x6K4ku-00122-00028616-00028862 challenging decisions in national courts
vgEC8x6K4ku-00123-00028863-00029070 national cyber security strategies are
vgEC8x6K4ku-00124-00029072-00029270 another way in these already exist in
vgEC8x6K4ku-00125-00029272-00029455 several countries in latin america but
vgEC8x6K4ku-00126-00029456-00029631 are missing or still in development in
vgEC8x6K4ku-00127-00029632-00029823 others at the development stage there
vgEC8x6K4ku-00128-00029824-00030031 are often public consultations which
vgEC8x6K4ku-00129-00030032-00030231 offer a route for human rights defenders
vgEC8x6K4ku-00130-00030232-00030462 to get involved but cyber issues don't
vgEC8x6K4ku-00131-00030463-00030679 respect national borders addressing them
vgEC8x6K4ku-00132-00030680-00030870 requires coordination at the regional
vgEC8x6K4ku-00133-00030872-00031070 and global level with the involvement of
vgEC8x6K4ku-00134-00031072-00031318 different stakeholder groups today most
vgEC8x6K4ku-00135-00031319-00031495 regional and sub-regional forums and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00136-00031495-00031711 intergovernmental organizations in latin
vgEC8x6K4ku-00137-00031712-00031911 america have embraced cyber policy
vgEC8x6K4ku-00138-00031912-00032127 issues as part of their mandates of
vgEC8x6K4ku-00139-00032127-00032343 these the organization of american
vgEC8x6K4ku-00140-00032344-00032567 states is particularly important as a
vgEC8x6K4ku-00141-00032568-00032783 regional intergovernmental organization
vgEC8x6K4ku-00142-00032784-00033055 comprising 35 member states it plays a
vgEC8x6K4ku-00143-00033056-00033295 central role in cyber security and cyber
vgEC8x6K4ku-00144-00033296-00033543 crime policy across the americas three
vgEC8x6K4ku-00145-00033544-00033727 main bodies within it deal with these
vgEC8x6K4ku-00146-00033728-00033967 issues there's remha a legal and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00147-00033968-00034190 judicial cooperation mechanism which
vgEC8x6K4ku-00148-00034191-00034407 brings together prosecutors and justice
vgEC8x6K4ku-00149-00034408-00034623 ministers from across the region most
vgEC8x6K4ku-00150-00034624-00034831 issues related to cyber crime are dealt
vgEC8x6K4ku-00151-00034832-00034999 with in this forum human rights
vgEC8x6K4ku-00152-00035000-00035223 defenders can engage with its work via
vgEC8x6K4ku-00153-00035224-00035471 think tanks like ceja or through their
vgEC8x6K4ku-00154-00035472-00035671 national ministries of justice the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00155-00035672-00035830 inter-american committee against
vgEC8x6K4ku-00156-00035831-00036102 terrorism is another important oas body
vgEC8x6K4ku-00157-00036103-00036302 its cyber security program works to
vgEC8x6K4ku-00158-00036303-00036518 build the capacity of its member states
vgEC8x6K4ku-00159-00036519-00036751 and promote cooperation among computer
vgEC8x6K4ku-00160-00036752-00037007 security incident response teams and the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00161-00037008-00037174 inter-american telecommunication
vgEC8x6K4ku-00162-00037175-00037395 commission is the forum responsible for
vgEC8x6K4ku-00163-00037396-00037607 telecommunications modernization and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00164-00037608-00037879 coordination across oas countries
vgEC8x6K4ku-00165-00037880-00038071 decisions made here on issues like
vgEC8x6K4ku-00166-00038072-00038327 roaming charges and net neutrality can
vgEC8x6K4ku-00167-00038328-00038559 have a knock-on effect for human rights
vgEC8x6K4ku-00168-00038560-00038751 becoming an associate member is
vgEC8x6K4ku-00169-00038752-00038999 prohibitively expensive but human rights
vgEC8x6K4ku-00170-00039000-00039215 defenders can engage by reaching out to
vgEC8x6K4ku-00171-00039216-00039446 sympathetic civil society and technical
vgEC8x6K4ku-00172-00039447-00039662 actors who are already involved as
vgEC8x6K4ku-00173-00039663-00039943 associate members or observers bodies
vgEC8x6K4ku-00174-00039944-00040102 dealing with technical issues are
vgEC8x6K4ku-00175-00040103-00040287 another important part of the landscape
vgEC8x6K4ku-00176-00040288-00040495 for instance the latin america and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00177-00040496-00040743 caribbean network and information center
vgEC8x6K4ku-00178-00040744-00040967 one of the five global regional internet
vgEC8x6K4ku-00179-00040968-00041223 registries allocates ip addresses in the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00180-00041224-00041439 region provides technical services to
vgEC8x6K4ku-00181-00041440-00041662 regional internet service providers and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00182-00041663-00041879 plays a role in coordinating regional
vgEC8x6K4ku-00183-00041880-00042102 c-certs human rights defenders can get
vgEC8x6K4ku-00184-00042103-00042287 involved by contacting the forum's
vgEC8x6K4ku-00185-00042288-00042487 technical committees and taking part in
vgEC8x6K4ku-00186-00042488-00042639 the initiatives supported by its
vgEC8x6K4ku-00187-00042640-00042862 regional fund for digital innovation
vgEC8x6K4ku-00188-00042863-00043030 legal routes are also open at the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00189-00043031-00043271 regional level here the inter-american
vgEC8x6K4ku-00190-00043272-00043439 human rights commission is the key
vgEC8x6K4ku-00191-00043440-00043679 mechanism as a human rights defender you
vgEC8x6K4ku-00192-00043680-00043855 can use it to bring cases to the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00193-00043856-00044046 inter-american court of human rights
vgEC8x6K4ku-00194-00044047-00044255 which has the power to enforce sanctions
vgEC8x6K4ku-00195-00044256-00044518 on countries its rap auteur on freedom
vgEC8x6K4ku-00196-00044519-00044718 of expression is also an important
vgEC8x6K4ku-00197-00044719-00044951 channel you can ask them for an audience
vgEC8x6K4ku-00198-00044952-00045190 request intervention on specific issues
vgEC8x6K4ku-00199-00045191-00045423 and feed into their reports which cover
vgEC8x6K4ku-00200-00045424-00045679 a wide range of cyber policy issues and
vgEC8x6K4ku-00201-00045680-00045879 out of the many non-binding forums in
vgEC8x6K4ku-00202-00045880-00046111 the region the latin american internet
vgEC8x6K4ku-00203-00046112-00046318 governance forum is a place where human
vgEC8x6K4ku-00204-00046319-00046486 rights defenders can learn about
vgEC8x6K4ku-00205-00046487-00046735 emerging cyber policy issues exchange
vgEC8x6K4ku-00206-00046736-00046958 best practice and develop collaborations
vgEC8x6K4ku-00207-00046959-00047167 with other stakeholders these are some
vgEC8x6K4ku-00208-00047168-00047335 of the most important forums dealing
vgEC8x6K4ku-00209-00047336-00047574 with cyber issues at the regional level
vgEC8x6K4ku-00210-00047575-00047767 but norms and frameworks developed at
vgEC8x6K4ku-00211-00047768-00048015 the global level have an impact too for
vgEC8x6K4ku-00212-00048016-00048199 instance panama and the dominican
vgEC8x6K4ku-00213-00048200-00048367 republic have already adopted the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00214-00048368-00048590 budapest convention on cybercrime and a
vgEC8x6K4ku-00215-00048591-00048774 number of other countries including
vgEC8x6K4ku-00216-00048775-00049062 argentina chile and peru are considering
vgEC8x6K4ku-00217-00049063-00049302 adoption once ratified a session to the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00218-00049303-00049518 convention can significantly shape
vgEC8x6K4ku-00219-00049519-00049718 national legislation the global
vgEC8x6K4ku-00220-00049719-00049943 normative landscape is important while
vgEC8x6K4ku-00221-00049944-00050071 not binding in the way that
vgEC8x6K4ku-00222-00050072-00050271 international treaties or national laws
vgEC8x6K4ku-00223-00050272-00050502 are outcomes of discussions at the un
vgEC8x6K4ku-00224-00050503-00050727 group of governmental experts the london
vgEC8x6K4ku-00225-00050728-00050886 process or the international
vgEC8x6K4ku-00226-00050887-00051086 telecommunication union can have
vgEC8x6K4ku-00227-00051087-00051287 significant implications for regional
vgEC8x6K4ku-00228-00051288-00051526 and national approaches and policies
vgEC8x6K4ku-00229-00051527-00051694 because cyber norms are still in the
vgEC8x6K4ku-00230-00051695-00051894 early stages of development there is
vgEC8x6K4ku-00231-00051895-00052038 room to shape them
vgEC8x6K4ku-00232-00052039-00052230 however many of these spaces are
vgEC8x6K4ku-00233-00052232-00052423 intergovernmental and only open to
vgEC8x6K4ku-00234-00052424-00052607 governments engaging in them through
vgEC8x6K4ku-00235-00052608-00052791 your country's representatives could be
vgEC8x6K4ku-00236-00052791-00052982 a good starting point but if you don't
vgEC8x6K4ku-00237-00052983-00053287 have direct access finding allies who do
vgEC8x6K4ku-00238-00053288-00053487 in the technical community the private
vgEC8x6K4ku-00239-00053488-00053647 sector and non-governmental
vgEC8x6K4ku-00240-00053648-00054148 organizations could be a way forward
vlHP1GN9cFu-00000-00000059-00000381 nature reserves deemed to be of national
vlHP1GN9cFu-00001-00000382-00000615 importance or controlled by a
vlHP1GN9cFu-00002-00000616-00000888 national-level body may be known as
vlHP1GN9cFu-00003-00000889-00001646 national nature reserves
vlHP1GN9cFu-00004-00001647-00002213 topic China
vlHP1GN9cFu-00005-00002214-00002498 Shalom Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang
vlHP1GN9cFu-00006-00002499-00002768 Province is designated as a national
vlHP1GN9cFu-00007-00002769-00003695 nature reserve by the Chinese government
vlHP1GN9cFu-00008-00003696-00004327 topic Czech Republic
vlHP1GN9cFu-00009-00004328-00004639 Suz National Nature Reserve was
vlHP1GN9cFu-00010-00004640-00004906 designated as a nature reserve by the
vlHP1GN9cFu-00011-00004907-00005702 government of the Czech Republic
vlHP1GN9cFu-00012-00005703-00006381 topic Falkland Islands
vlHP1GN9cFu-00013-00006382-00006691 beaching island was designated as a
vlHP1GN9cFu-00014-00006692-00006906 national nature reserve by the
vlHP1GN9cFu-00015-00006908-00007233 government of the Falkland Islands in
vlHP1GN9cFu-00016-00007234-00007903 1964
vlHP1GN9cFu-00017-00007904-00008495 topic France
vlHP1GN9cFu-00018-00008496-00009298 nay uvl national nature reserve
vlHP1GN9cFu-00019-00009299-00009892 topic Isle of Man
vlHP1GN9cFu-00020-00009893-00010189 point aver is designated as a national
vlHP1GN9cFu-00021-00010190-00011095 nature reserve by the Manx government
vlHP1GN9cFu-00022-00011096-00011646 topic Russia
vlHP1GN9cFu-00023-00011647-00011928 the north ossetia national nature
vlHP1GN9cFu-00024-00011929-00012217 reserve in the caucasus mountains is
vlHP1GN9cFu-00025-00012218-00012466 designated as a national nature reserve
vlHP1GN9cFu-00026-00012467-00013255 by the russian government
vlHP1GN9cFu-00027-00013256-00013908 topic united kingdom
vlHP1GN9cFu-00028-00013909-00014325 in the united kingdom national nature
vlHP1GN9cFu-00029-00014326-00014670 reserves are those designed by one of
vlHP1GN9cFu-00030-00014671-00014961 the national Conservancy body's natural
vlHP1GN9cFu-00031-00014962-00015372 England Natural Resources Wales Scottish
vlHP1GN9cFu-00032-00015373-00015681 Natural Heritage or the Northern Ireland
vlHP1GN9cFu-00033-00015682-00016170 Environment Agency in total there are 4
vlHP1GN9cFu-00034-00016171-00016720 1 1 national nature reserves in the UK
vmq13u4js4U-00000-00000112-00000327 hey what's up guys mario
vmq13u4js4U-00001-00000328-00000551 back again with our youtube video
vmq13u4js4U-00002-00000552-00000743 today's video i am going to talk about
vmq13u4js4U-00003-00000744-00001103 ether man and how to maximize your time
vmq13u4js4U-00004-00001104-00001350 so you get the most rewards
vmq13u4js4U-00005-00001351-00001623 this goes beyond just battling this
vmq13u4js4U-00006-00001623-00001814 talks about digging
vmq13u4js4U-00007-00001816-00002023 uh using your etherman all of your
vmq13u4js4U-00008-00002023-00002326 etherman to really really maximize all
vmq13u4js4U-00009-00002327-00002542 that energy to really get the most
vmq13u4js4U-00010-00002543-00002758 rewards whether it be marks silver
vmq13u4js4U-00011-00002759-00003095 tickets vegetables like beets
vmq13u4js4U-00012-00003096-00003263 carrots
vmq13u4js4U-00013-00003264-00003422 cabbages
vmq13u4js4U-00014-00003423-00003615 and even
vmq13u4js4U-00015-00003615-00003903 actually there's cucumbers yes cucumbers
vmq13u4js4U-00016-00003904-00004151 which again all are very very important
vmq13u4js4U-00017-00004152-00004367 because the more vegetables you have the
vmq13u4js4U-00018-00004368-00004527 more you could feed your ether man so
vmq13u4js4U-00019-00004528-00004783 you could keep battling them so you
vmq13u4js4U-00020-00004784-00004983 could level them up so i am going to go
vmq13u4js4U-00021-00004984-00005175 over all this one of those other
vmq13u4js4U-00022-00005176-00005335 strategies that i like to kind of
vmq13u4js4U-00023-00005336-00005638 maximize uh when i log into ethereum and
vmq13u4js4U-00024-00005639-00005815 decentraland so if you have any
vmq13u4js4U-00025-00005816-00005983 questions about this guys don't forget
vmq13u4js4U-00026-00005984-00006118 to ask down below in the youtube
vmq13u4js4U-00027-00006119-00006343 comments and don't forget to smash that
vmq13u4js4U-00028-00006344-00006575 like button and subscribe down below to
vmq13u4js4U-00029-00006576-00006823 the youtube channel i will go over
vmq13u4js4U-00030-00006823-00006998 i do go over new videos every single
vmq13u4js4U-00031-00007000-00007310 week talking about etheremon nfts uh
vmq13u4js4U-00032-00007311-00007567 actually other uh crypto games as well
vmq13u4js4U-00033-00007568-00007855 uh bitcoin ether ethereum all that kind
vmq13u4js4U-00034-00007856-00008014 of cool stuff so if this is something
vmq13u4js4U-00035-00008015-00008174 you are interested in please subscribe
vmq13u4js4U-00036-00008175-00008359 to the youtube channel down below i do
vmq13u4js4U-00037-00008360-00008535 again post videos every single week so
vmq13u4js4U-00038-00008536-00008678 what i'm gonna do now guys i'm gonna
vmq13u4js4U-00039-00008679-00008903 quickly share my screen so you guys can
vmq13u4js4U-00040-00008904-00009046 kind of show you exactly what i'm
vmq13u4js4U-00041-00009047-00009191 talking about
vmq13u4js4U-00042-00009192-00009559 so right now i am in decentraland
vmq13u4js4U-00043-00009560-00009878 um and i have pretty much battled out
vmq13u4js4U-00044-00009879-00010110 all the grassland etheremon i pretty
vmq13u4js4U-00045-00010111-00010263 much beat them all
vmq13u4js4U-00046-00010264-00010519 so i have a lot of uh by the way i have
vmq13u4js4U-00047-00010520-00010710 a lot of ethernet i have around 26
vmq13u4js4U-00048-00010711-00010846 ethernet
vmq13u4js4U-00049-00010847-00011063 so once i battle it and focus on the
vmq13u4js4U-00050-00011064-00011246 ones that i want to level up hey i have
vmq13u4js4U-00051-00011247-00011391 all these other mind and i want to
vmq13u4js4U-00052-00011392-00011574 maximize their energy so what i start
vmq13u4js4U-00053-00011575-00011663 doing
vmq13u4js4U-00054-00011664-00011814 i start pretty much going and start
vmq13u4js4U-00055-00011815-00011910 digging
vmq13u4js4U-00056-00011911-00012127 you know i'm trying to dig and get as
vmq13u4js4U-00057-00012128-00012367 much out of their energy so i could get
vmq13u4js4U-00058-00012368-00012574 as much reward so you guys can see i
vmq13u4js4U-00059-00012575-00012727 already got this little bag i'm going to
vmq13u4js4U-00060-00012728-00012999 get i'm going to try to get another one
vmq13u4js4U-00061-00013000-00013166 and i'm going to continue to do this
vmq13u4js4U-00062-00013168-00013335 until i pretty much
vmq13u4js4U-00063-00013336-00013519 finish all the energy
vmq13u4js4U-00064-00013519-00013838 um and and it's especially
vmq13u4js4U-00065-00013840-00014079 you know especially if they have still a
vmq13u4js4U-00066-00014080-00014327 lot of energy and i want to kind of walk
vmq13u4js4U-00067-00014328-00014543 them around different areas to see where
vmq13u4js4U-00068-00014544-00014743 they could dig and see what they could
vmq13u4js4U-00069-00014744-00014863 get you know
vmq13u4js4U-00070-00014863-00015094 so let me see what else you could do let
vmq13u4js4U-00071-00015095-00015350 me see if we can get another one
vmq13u4js4U-00072-00015351-00015558 so i believe an average
vmq13u4js4U-00073-00015559-00015799 each ether month if they have a full
vmq13u4js4U-00074-00015800-00016007 health bar energy they do
vmq13u4js4U-00075-00016008-00016294 dig around five bags on average
vmq13u4js4U-00076-00016295-00016494 uh depending of course on their level
vmq13u4js4U-00077-00016495-00016694 but five is about right so this guy
vmq13u4js4U-00078-00016695-00016839 already ran out of energy so what i'm
vmq13u4js4U-00079-00016840-00016943 gonna do
vmq13u4js4U-00080-00016944-00017175 i'm pretty much gonna put it asleep
vmq13u4js4U-00081-00017176-00017343 and then i'm gonna go to the next one so
vmq13u4js4U-00082-00017344-00017575 i have another ethamon over here that i
vmq13u4js4U-00083-00017576-00017767 want to use that has a lot of health as
vmq13u4js4U-00084-00017768-00017847 well
vmq13u4js4U-00085-00017848-00018127 and i'm gonna do the same thing
vmq13u4js4U-00086-00018128-00018327 i'm gonna have a have it pretty much
vmq13u4js4U-00087-00018328-00018439 keep digging
vmq13u4js4U-00088-00018440-00018686 so i'm gonna have it dig so right now
vmq13u4js4U-00089-00018687-00018839 it's it's digging
vmq13u4js4U-00090-00018840-00019111 and see we'll see what it does see i got
vmq13u4js4U-00091-00019112-00019319 this blue one oh these blue ones i
vmq13u4js4U-00092-00019320-00019591 believe are cabbages yes canvas seeds
vmq13u4js4U-00093-00019592-00019967 see so i'm to keep i keep having dig
vmq13u4js4U-00094-00019968-00020230 around the the area i'm going to keep
vmq13u4js4U-00095-00020231-00020455 and i'm while he's digging of course i'm
vmq13u4js4U-00096-00020456-00020630 going to be i'm going to be taking these
vmq13u4js4U-00097-00020631-00020847 uh these little bags to see what they
vmq13u4js4U-00098-00020848-00021094 are so i got a cucumber i got a beet
vmq13u4js4U-00099-00021095-00021358 seed i got another beet seed and i got a
vmq13u4js4U-00100-00021359-00021607 silver ticket nice
vmq13u4js4U-00101-00021608-00021783 and i'm gonna keep digging this until i
vmq13u4js4U-00102-00021784-00022063 pretty much exhausted all their energy
vmq13u4js4U-00103-00022064-00022263 uh nice
vmq13u4js4U-00104-00022264-00022486 and i have this uh
vmq13u4js4U-00105-00022487-00022671 and i again like i mentioned i'm gonna
vmq13u4js4U-00106-00022672-00022814 keep digging this
vmq13u4js4U-00107-00022815-00023055 ether my until i have exhausted all of
vmq13u4js4U-00108-00023056-00023222 his energy
vmq13u4js4U-00109-00023223-00023414 nice i got another one
vmq13u4js4U-00110-00023415-00023607 and i believe
vmq13u4js4U-00111-00023608-00023903 let me actually get this one right here
vmq13u4js4U-00112-00023904-00024086 i think it has one more
vmq13u4js4U-00113-00024087-00024414 one more dig
vmq13u4js4U-00114-00024415-00024711 and i believe that'll be it for it yep
vmq13u4js4U-00115-00024712-00024878 so that's pretty much it i exhausted all
vmq13u4js4U-00116-00024879-00024999 this energy and the reason the way you
vmq13u4js4U-00117-00025000-00025175 know you exhausted the energy you can't
vmq13u4js4U-00118-00025176-00025399 really have it dig no more this is not
vmq13u4js4U-00119-00025400-00025599 enough energy so at that point again
vmq13u4js4U-00120-00025600-00025727 since i've already battled actually
vmq13u4js4U-00121-00025727-00025918 there's another one over here nice since
vmq13u4js4U-00122-00025919-00026134 i've already pretty much battled all the
vmq13u4js4U-00123-00026135-00026262 my uh
vmq13u4js4U-00124-00026263-00026518 the grind slam away and i've already
vmq13u4js4U-00125-00026519-00026846 kind of uh
vmq13u4js4U-00126-00026847-00026956 kind of already uh
vmq13u4js4U-00127-00026957-00027062 [Music]
vmq13u4js4U-00128-00027063-00027311 you could say um
vmq13u4js4U-00129-00027312-00027431 i'm actually going to put this one to
vmq13u4js4U-00130-00027432-00027614 sleep too so i'm going to have this
vmq13u4js4U-00131-00027616-00027983 ether on sleep as well
vmq13u4js4U-00132-00027983-00028087 so
vmq13u4js4U-00133-00028088-00028255 and the reason why i wanted to sleep is
vmq13u4js4U-00134-00028256-00028431 i wanted to recharge so it could have
vmq13u4js4U-00135-00028432-00028655 full health energy for the next time i
vmq13u4js4U-00136-00028656-00028823 use it so then i'm going to go down the
vmq13u4js4U-00137-00028824-00028951 list i'm going to keep going down the
vmq13u4js4U-00138-00028952-00029399 list and go to the next ether mount
vmq13u4js4U-00139-00029400-00029614 and i'm going to use this eggmont
vmq13u4js4U-00140-00029616-00029790 another hand press
vmq13u4js4U-00141-00029791-00030007 uh i'm going to have it unfollow me but
vmq13u4js4U-00142-00030008-00030207 i'm going to have a dig now
vmq13u4js4U-00143-00030208-00030446 and i'm going to keep repeating this
vmq13u4js4U-00144-00030447-00030574 process
vmq13u4js4U-00145-00030575-00030767 uh until i pretty much run out of
vmq13u4js4U-00146-00030768-00031055 etheremon uh and i brought them up
vmq13u4js4U-00147-00031056-00031239 energy you know and keep in mind after i
vmq13u4js4U-00148-00031239-00031399 waste their energy after all their
vmq13u4js4U-00149-00031400-00031583 energy is pretty much gone i just put
vmq13u4js4U-00150-00031583-00031807 them asleep and hopefully by tomorrow
vmq13u4js4U-00151-00031808-00031943 the next day
vmq13u4js4U-00152-00031944-00032207 hey you know i could uh i could use them
vmq13u4js4U-00153-00032208-00032495 again battle with them or um pretty much
vmq13u4js4U-00154-00032495-00032767 dig dig for for uh more rewards
vmq13u4js4U-00155-00032768-00033007 so that's pretty much the strategy
vmq13u4js4U-00156-00033008-00033151 overall
vmq13u4js4U-00157-00033152-00033383 um you know especially these ethernet
vmq13u4js4U-00158-00033384-00033599 that i'm not i'm not focused on loving
vmq13u4js4U-00159-00033600-00033815 them up so you see right here level one
vmq13u4js4U-00160-00033816-00034007 this egg mountain is uh eggman is on
vmq13u4js4U-00161-00034008-00034207 level one it's a hampers type of ether
vmq13u4js4U-00162-00034208-00034502 man so i'm not really like i said uh my
vmq13u4js4U-00163-00034503-00034783 goal is not to to uh level them up
vmq13u4js4U-00164-00034784-00035039 uh but i could use them uh their energy
vmq13u4js4U-00165-00035040-00035279 to uh dig you know and i believe that
vmq13u4js4U-00166-00035280-00035439 will be the last dig
vmq13u4js4U-00167-00035440-00035646 yes that is the last day
vmq13u4js4U-00168-00035647-00035918 so i'm gonna put it asleep now
vmq13u4js4U-00169-00035919-00036071 i'm gonna put a sleep and i'm gonna go
vmq13u4js4U-00170-00036072-00036302 to the next one so i got this other one
vmq13u4js4U-00171-00036303-00036551 right here
vmq13u4js4U-00172-00036552-00036718 um
vmq13u4js4U-00173-00036719-00037174 and it's uh it's a snobby cloudy
vmq13u4js4U-00174-00037175-00037383 and i'm gonna uh pretty much repeat the
vmq13u4js4U-00175-00037384-00037590 same pattern
vmq13u4js4U-00176-00037591-00037846 i'm gonna have them dig
vmq13u4js4U-00177-00037847-00038007 in the meantime i'm gonna pick up these
vmq13u4js4U-00178-00038008-00038246 little bags
vmq13u4js4U-00179-00038247-00038551 beetsy i got another beet seed
vmq13u4js4U-00180-00038552-00038751 i got a beet seed
vmq13u4js4U-00181-00038752-00038902 i
vmq13u4js4U-00182-00038903-00039223 got another beet seed
vmq13u4js4U-00183-00039224-00039511 and let me see what i got here
vmq13u4js4U-00184-00039512-00039743 i got a silver ticket nice
vmq13u4js4U-00185-00039744-00039927 beet seed
vmq13u4js4U-00186-00039928-00040174 and let's see what this is beet seed i'm
vmq13u4js4U-00187-00040175-00040407 gonna again have them dig now you guys
vmq13u4js4U-00188-00040408-00040559 can see here on the left side you guys
vmq13u4js4U-00189-00040560-00040815 will see i have 31 silver tickets uh
vmq13u4js4U-00190-00040816-00041102 here are my marks i have 95 marks
vmq13u4js4U-00191-00041103-00041215 um
vmq13u4js4U-00192-00041216-00041439 and in terms of knowing how many beets
vmq13u4js4U-00193-00041440-00041702 or seeds or cabbages i've gotten
vmq13u4js4U-00194-00041703-00041927 actually the way to know is that if you
vmq13u4js4U-00195-00041928-00042143 want to plant one you just come here to
vmq13u4js4U-00196-00042144-00042262 this garden
vmq13u4js4U-00197-00042263-00042479 uh crop i guess they call it garden crop
vmq13u4js4U-00198-00042480-00042646 or garden box and then you'll see what
vmq13u4js4U-00199-00042647-00042807 you have so right now i have a cabbage
vmq13u4js4U-00200-00042808-00043071 two cucumbers and i have 40 beets which
vmq13u4js4U-00201-00043072-00043183 is pretty good
vmq13u4js4U-00202-00043184-00043302 so
vmq13u4js4U-00203-00043303-00043535 again i'm going to continue to uh have
vmq13u4js4U-00204-00043536-00043687 this uh
vmq13u4js4U-00205-00043688-00043958 uh ic that's what i named this etherman
vmq13u4js4U-00206-00043959-00044199 continue to dig
vmq13u4js4U-00207-00044200-00044367 until all his energy is wasted see all
vmq13u4js4U-00208-00044368-00044518 his energy's wasted so i'm gonna put her
vmq13u4js4U-00209-00044519-00044687 to sleep now
vmq13u4js4U-00210-00044688-00044967 and i'm gonna go get this little bag
vmq13u4js4U-00211-00044968-00045151 and i am now going to move on to the
vmq13u4js4U-00212-00045152-00045351 next one so i'm going to get this other
vmq13u4js4U-00213-00045352-00045511 one now
vmq13u4js4U-00214-00045512-00045702 and i am going to pretty much repeat the
vmq13u4js4U-00215-00045703-00045911 same process again
vmq13u4js4U-00216-00045912-00046111 until all the energy is wasted and every
vmq13u4js4U-00217-00046112-00046287 time their energy is wasted i pretty
vmq13u4js4U-00218-00046288-00046462 much all do
vmq13u4js4U-00219-00046463-00046735 i'll just have it go to sleep
vmq13u4js4U-00220-00046736-00047455 and i will use it the next day
vmq13u4js4U-00221-00047456-00047695 so
vmq13u4js4U-00222-00047696-00047902 and um and one thing i want to mention
vmq13u4js4U-00223-00047903-00048071 guys uh that i wanted to show you guys
vmq13u4js4U-00224-00048072-00048207 is that
vmq13u4js4U-00225-00048208-00048439 uh actually helicopter yeah so
vmq13u4js4U-00226-00048440-00048646 i have um all their i have pretty much
vmq13u4js4U-00227-00048647-00048830 like 26 eat them on
vmq13u4js4U-00228-00048831-00048902 so
vmq13u4js4U-00229-00048903-00049174 i only have pretty much right now uh
vmq13u4js4U-00230-00049175-00049318 four that i really want to level up
vmq13u4js4U-00231-00049319-00049446 maybe five actually that i really want
vmq13u4js4U-00232-00049447-00049574 to level up
vmq13u4js4U-00233-00049575-00049855 um you know and right now i'm actually
vmq13u4js4U-00234-00049856-00050062 one of them i've leveled up to level 11.
vmq13u4js4U-00235-00050063-00050295 it's actually a bear ball it's uh i
vmq13u4js4U-00236-00050296-00050535 named it cia bear burball
vmq13u4js4U-00237-00050536-00050839 and i loved it up to level 11 and i've
vmq13u4js4U-00238-00050840-00051071 been actually been able to battle and
vmq13u4js4U-00239-00051072-00051238 and finish the the pretty much the
vmq13u4js4U-00240-00051239-00051470 battles pretty quickly
vmq13u4js4U-00241-00051471-00051566 so
vmq13u4js4U-00242-00051567-00051758 um it was just pretty awesome because
vmq13u4js4U-00243-00051759-00051990 you know you could just once you have a
vmq13u4js4U-00244-00051991-00052182 certain level actually this one already
vmq13u4js4U-00245-00052183-00052311 pretty much done so i'm gonna put it
vmq13u4js4U-00246-00052312-00052430 asleep
vmq13u4js4U-00247-00052432-00052599 so helicopter is done so i'm gonna go
vmq13u4js4U-00248-00052600-00052782 with white ears
vmq13u4js4U-00249-00052783-00052942 and again i'm gonna repeat the same
vmq13u4js4U-00250-00052944-00053047 pattern
vmq13u4js4U-00251-00053048-00053247 until i'm pretty much waste all the
vmq13u4js4U-00252-00053248-00053382 energy and every time i'm done with
vmq13u4js4U-00253-00053383-00053711 their energy i put them asleep
vmq13u4js4U-00254-00053712-00053887 and so they can recover
vmq13u4js4U-00255-00053888-00054111 and what i want to do with all these uh
vmq13u4js4U-00256-00054112-00054287 vegetables that i'm that i'm
vmq13u4js4U-00257-00054288-00054542 accumulating i want to use them
vmq13u4js4U-00258-00054544-00054703 for my ether mom that i'm trying to
vmq13u4js4U-00259-00054704-00054911 level up so when i'm battle when i'm so
vmq13u4js4U-00260-00054912-00055111 when i'm battling them
vmq13u4js4U-00261-00055112-00055382 and they exhausted all the energy hey i
vmq13u4js4U-00262-00055383-00055591 could just literally just feed them the
vmq13u4js4U-00263-00055591-00055782 cucumbers the beets the cabbage the
vmq13u4js4U-00264-00055783-00055959 carrots whatever
vmq13u4js4U-00265-00055960-00056223 and then have them um battle again so
vmq13u4js4U-00266-00056224-00056366 they could level up
vmq13u4js4U-00267-00056367-00056607 uh so you don't have until all the the
vmq13u4js4U-00268-00056608-00056935 slime ether man are pretty much gone
vmq13u4js4U-00269-00056936-00057111 and one thing that's really cool that i
vmq13u4js4U-00270-00057112-00057319 kind of want to mention
vmq13u4js4U-00271-00057320-00057526 is that even though here this is
vmq13u4js4U-00272-00057527-00057830 actually example six of the batter arena
vmq13u4js4U-00273-00057832-00058063 on etherman decentraland there's
vmq13u4js4U-00274-00058064-00058342 actually of course five more
vmq13u4js4U-00275-00058344-00058599 and those other ones actually have more
vmq13u4js4U-00276-00058600-00058807 slime so i could continue to battle so
vmq13u4js4U-00277-00058808-00058966 once i beat all the
vmq13u4js4U-00278-00058967-00059135 the grass slimes
vmq13u4js4U-00279-00059136-00059326 um and one actually this guy's already
vmq13u4js4U-00280-00059327-00059535 done so i'm gonna put her to sleep once
vmq13u4js4U-00281-00059536-00059766 i pretty much battled all the grass
vmq13u4js4U-00282-00059767-00060079 limes and i pretty much beat them all
vmq13u4js4U-00283-00060079-00060350 i could just log into another uh battle
vmq13u4js4U-00284-00060351-00060454 arena
vmq13u4js4U-00285-00060455-00060663 and and beat those ones up and i could
vmq13u4js4U-00286-00060664-00060863 keep leveling up in the same day which
vmq13u4js4U-00287-00060864-00061038 is pretty awesome
vmq13u4js4U-00288-00061039-00061199 um and i will show you guys once i'm
vmq13u4js4U-00289-00061200-00061479 done doing all this uh digging and
vmq13u4js4U-00290-00061479-00061703 pretty much right now i am an example
vmq13u4js4U-00291-00061704-00061911 you 60 but i can go to example one two
vmq13u4js4U-00292-00061912-00062135 three four and five and battle all the
vmq13u4js4U-00293-00062136-00062423 grass slimes and continue to level up my
vmq13u4js4U-00294-00062424-00062615 eat therma and so i literally i've
vmq13u4js4U-00295-00062616-00062806 wasted all my
vmq13u4js4U-00296-00062807-00063087 all my energy all my vegetables
vmq13u4js4U-00297-00063088-00063335 um you know from all these other ether
vmq13u4js4U-00298-00063336-00063526 man there i've digged
vmq13u4js4U-00299-00063527-00063750 and i'm pretty much done for the day
vmq13u4js4U-00300-00063751-00063911 so that's another thing that i wanted to
vmq13u4js4U-00301-00063912-00064103 mention in terms of strategy
vmq13u4js4U-00302-00064104-00064191 uh
vmq13u4js4U-00303-00064191-00064454 you know that i highly highly recommend
vmq13u4js4U-00304-00064455-00064694 because once you have all these uh
vmq13u4js4U-00305-00064695-00064887 vegetables you could pretty much
vmq13u4js4U-00306-00064888-00065191 continue to battle your ether man um
vmq13u4js4U-00307-00065191-00065487 along all the bad arenas until you waste
vmq13u4js4U-00308-00065488-00065694 all your energy oh and to your weights
vmq13u4js4U-00309-00065695-00065847 all your vegetables
vmq13u4js4U-00310-00065848-00066126 um and i'll show you in a bit um
vmq13u4js4U-00311-00066127-00066335 bear ball i already have it a level the
vmq13u4js4U-00312-00066336-00066535 central london level 11 which is pretty
vmq13u4js4U-00313-00066536-00066791 awesome and now every time i battle is
vmq13u4js4U-00314-00066792-00067111 literally i win right away i win like
vmq13u4js4U-00315-00067112-00067399 80 of the time like and like a couple
vmq13u4js4U-00316-00067400-00067591 shots you know a couple
vmq13u4js4U-00317-00067592-00067759 hits and then i win okay this one
vmq13u4js4U-00318-00067760-00067999 already fell asleep i mean uh wasted his
vmq13u4js4U-00319-00068000-00068319 energy so i'm gonna go with the next one
vmq13u4js4U-00320-00068320-00068599 go with funny nose
vmq13u4js4U-00321-00068600-00068806 uh and again i'm gonna continue to do
vmq13u4js4U-00322-00068807-00068982 the same thing
vmq13u4js4U-00323-00068983-00069247 until i pretty much have exhausted all
vmq13u4js4U-00324-00069248-00069415 their energy and then i pretty much put
vmq13u4js4U-00325-00069416-00070550 him asleep
vmq13u4js4U-00326-00070551-00070799 so this type of stuff takes time guys um
vmq13u4js4U-00327-00070800-00070982 i know it could be time consuming but if
vmq13u4js4U-00328-00070983-00071119 you do this
vmq13u4js4U-00329-00071120-00071279 once a day you could probably get it
vmq13u4js4U-00330-00071280-00071415 done looking
vmq13u4js4U-00331-00071416-00071575 i could say well depending on how many
vmq13u4js4U-00332-00071576-00071926 ether mine you have i do have 26. i was
vmq13u4js4U-00333-00071927-00072182 very fortunate to uh actually
vmq13u4js4U-00334-00072183-00072326 get some of these free
vmq13u4js4U-00335-00072327-00072655 free uh uh etheremon uh multiple times
vmq13u4js4U-00336-00072656-00072894 it was open for everybody uh to take
vmq13u4js4U-00337-00072895-00073182 some uh so hey i just actually
vmq13u4js4U-00338-00073183-00073359 um you know i had an opportunity to take
vmq13u4js4U-00339-00073360-00073487 even more but i did you know i just
vmq13u4js4U-00340-00073488-00073759 wanted to you know take a couple uh i
vmq13u4js4U-00341-00073760-00073967 did buy some i know right now if you
vmq13u4js4U-00342-00073968-00074103 look at the starter
vmq13u4js4U-00343-00074104-00074350 uh home page uh there's three mods are
vmq13u4js4U-00344-00074351-00074567 for sale i did buy those three and i'll
vmq13u4js4U-00345-00074568-00074743 show you guys right now so this is a
vmq13u4js4U-00346-00074744-00074911 starter store there's three ethernet
vmq13u4js4U-00347-00074912-00075087 there are for sale i did buy those three
vmq13u4js4U-00348-00075088-00075326 as well so i am i do want to support
vmq13u4js4U-00349-00075327-00075543 etheremon i do believe in the game i
vmq13u4js4U-00350-00075544-00075806 think it has a lot of a lot of a big a
vmq13u4js4U-00351-00075807-00075999 good future so
vmq13u4js4U-00352-00076000-00076206 i'm going to continue to support it uh
vmq13u4js4U-00353-00076207-00076350 so every time i do see something that i
vmq13u4js4U-00354-00076351-00076631 like i will most likely buy it so
vmq13u4js4U-00355-00076632-00076806 all right and i believe it ran out of
vmq13u4js4U-00356-00076807-00077047 energy so hey i'm gonna put it asleep
vmq13u4js4U-00357-00077048-00077287 and i'm gonna change to another ether
vmq13u4js4U-00358-00077288-00077471 mon
vmq13u4js4U-00359-00077472-00077726 and like i said i'm gonna continue to to
vmq13u4js4U-00360-00077727-00078023 do that continue to do that
vmq13u4js4U-00361-00078024-00078303 until i pretty much run out of energy
vmq13u4js4U-00362-00078304-00078599 all my ethernet
vmq13u4js4U-00363-00078600-00078855 so let's see so i got pretty much one
vmq13u4js4U-00364-00078856-00078943 more
vmq13u4js4U-00365-00078944-00079447 uh btc
vmq13u4js4U-00366-00079448-00079638 you know will be really cool if i could
vmq13u4js4U-00367-00079639-00079943 have multiple ether mon out and about at
vmq13u4js4U-00368-00079944-00080135 the same time digging that would be
vmq13u4js4U-00369-00080136-00080294 pretty awesome that'll be a pretty cool
vmq13u4js4U-00370-00080295-00080406 feature because right now i have this
vmq13u4js4U-00371-00080407-00080599 one but this one's sleeping
vmq13u4js4U-00372-00080600-00080799 um this one it can't you know but if i
vmq13u4js4U-00373-00080800-00081031 could have multiple aetherman like
vmq13u4js4U-00374-00081032-00081319 battle multiple etheremon dig at the
vmq13u4js4U-00375-00081320-00081447 same time
vmq13u4js4U-00376-00081448-00081662 that'll be pretty awesome guys um so
vmq13u4js4U-00377-00081663-00081831 that'll be something cool oh i got a
vmq13u4js4U-00378-00081832-00082006 silver ticket nice
vmq13u4js4U-00379-00082007-00082150 that'll be something that uh i would
vmq13u4js4U-00380-00082151-00082303 love to see in the future it'll be
vmq13u4js4U-00381-00082304-00082438 really cool because i mean i have a
vmq13u4js4U-00382-00082439-00082631 whole bunch of ether man and there's no
vmq13u4js4U-00383-00082632-00082782 reason why i can't just battle them all
vmq13u4js4U-00384-00082783-00082991 at the same time multiple times you know
vmq13u4js4U-00385-00082992-00083135 so
vmq13u4js4U-00386-00083136-00083262 that's something i would like to
vmq13u4js4U-00387-00083263-00083687 definitely see
vmq13u4js4U-00388-00083688-00083926 so i got another one so i'm gonna have a
vmq13u4js4U-00389-00083927-00084623 dig
vmq13u4js4U-00390-00084624-00085279 okay
vmq13u4js4U-00391-00085280-00086182 all right
vmq13u4js4U-00392-00086183-00087375 all right
vmq13u4js4U-00393-00087376-00087526 and uh
vmq13u4js4U-00394-00087527-00088282 see what oh i got a cabbage here
vmq13u4js4U-00395-00088283-00088726 nice all right
vmq13u4js4U-00396-00088727-00088911 so
vmq13u4js4U-00397-00088912-00089135 like i said guys you got to continue the
vmq13u4js4U-00398-00089136-00089367 process continuing to exhaust all these
vmq13u4js4U-00399-00089368-00089631 ethernet's energy and again once their
vmq13u4js4U-00400-00089632-00089791 energy is exhausted again all you have
vmq13u4js4U-00401-00089792-00089935 to do is put them asleep and they're
vmq13u4js4U-00402-00089936-00090143 back to 100 they're back to normal so
vmq13u4js4U-00403-00090144-00090318 there's nothing wrong with them
vmq13u4js4U-00404-00090319-00090471 using the energy and then just put them
vmq13u4js4U-00405-00090472-00090582 to sleep
vmq13u4js4U-00406-00090583-00090862 and they go to sleep they sleep it off
vmq13u4js4U-00407-00090863-00091079 and you're pretty much good you know so
vmq13u4js4U-00408-00091080-00091262 it's uh it's pretty cool
vmq13u4js4U-00409-00091263-00091438 so there's nothing wrong with that um
vmq13u4js4U-00410-00091439-00091655 all you want to do is of course
vmq13u4js4U-00411-00091656-00091855 um again each ethernet has a certain
vmq13u4js4U-00412-00091856-00092031 amount of energy so
vmq13u4js4U-00413-00092032-00092206 definitely uh use that energy you know
vmq13u4js4U-00414-00092207-00092447 use the energy if you're not gonna level
vmq13u4js4U-00415-00092448-00092582 them up if you're not going to battle
vmq13u4js4U-00416-00092583-00092694 them
vmq13u4js4U-00417-00092695-00092871 might as well use the energy and dig
vmq13u4js4U-00418-00092872-00093135 some stuff for some rewards you know and
vmq13u4js4U-00419-00093136-00093374 again cucumbers all helps because
vmq13u4js4U-00420-00093375-00093655 what it ends up doing is it
vmq13u4js4U-00421-00093656-00094135 it ends up you could say is uh
vmq13u4js4U-00422-00094136-00094303 it ends up giving you some rewards like
vmq13u4js4U-00423-00094304-00094647 silver tickets uh seeds again these seas
vmq13u4js4U-00424-00094648-00094806 you could definitely use and give them
vmq13u4js4U-00425-00094807-00094982 to the ether man that you want to you
vmq13u4js4U-00426-00094983-00095174 know level up
vmq13u4js4U-00427-00095175-00095262 so
vmq13u4js4U-00428-00095263-00095406 definitely take advantage of that you
vmq13u4js4U-00429-00095407-00095862 know take advantage of that you know
vmq13u4js4U-00430-00095863-00096079 so let me see i got this one i think
vmq13u4js4U-00431-00096080-00097031 that might be the last one
vmq13u4js4U-00432-00097032-00097238 so i got this one i believe that will be
vmq13u4js4U-00433-00097239-00097615 the last one i'm gonna put it asleep
vmq13u4js4U-00434-00097616-00097831 and
vmq13u4js4U-00435-00097832-00098047 believe this might be
vmq13u4js4U-00436-00098048-00099415 one of my last ones
vmq13u4js4U-00437-00099416-00100087 keep digging
vmq13u4js4U-00438-00100088-00100447 and i think
vmq13u4js4U-00439-00100448-00100623 that might be it so i'm gonna put it
vmq13u4js4U-00440-00100624-00100871 asleep
vmq13u4js4U-00441-00100872-00100959 okay
vmq13u4js4U-00442-00100960-00101055 sweet
vmq13u4js4U-00443-00101056-00101223 so i'm gonna show you guys what i've
vmq13u4js4U-00444-00101224-00101526 been up to so this is sia furlow
vmq13u4js4U-00445-00101527-00101782 as you guys can see um i've been
vmq13u4js4U-00446-00101783-00102047 battling i've been leveling it up
vmq13u4js4U-00447-00102048-00102247 um if you guys could see it's in level
vmq13u4js4U-00448-00102248-00102399 111
vmq13u4js4U-00449-00102400-00102694 uh what's really cool it's a also uh
vmq13u4js4U-00450-00102695-00102999 level 11 on openc
vmq13u4js4U-00451-00103000-00103223 and i'll show you guys right now what i
vmq13u4js4U-00452-00103224-00103382 mean by that
vmq13u4js4U-00453-00103383-00104158 so let me log into openc really quickly
vmq13u4js4U-00454-00104159-00104566 go to my profile really quickly
vmq13u4js4U-00455-00104567-00104806 so here open c
vmq13u4js4U-00456-00104807-00105086 um you guys will see uh see a furball
vmq13u4js4U-00457-00105088-00105390 again this is an is in nft which i could
vmq13u4js4U-00458-00105391-00105471 sell
vmq13u4js4U-00459-00105472-00105695 and and level up and again as a trainer
vmq13u4js4U-00460-00105696-00105799 that's what i'm pretty much doing i'm
vmq13u4js4U-00461-00105800-00106071 level up so you see dcl level 11
vmq13u4js4U-00462-00106072-00106327 that means the central land so i have a
vmq13u4js4U-00463-00106328-00106534 level 11
vmq13u4js4U-00464-00106535-00106751 and again here you can see level 11
vmq13u4js4U-00465-00106752-00106878 right here
vmq13u4js4U-00466-00106879-00107143 uh so what i'm gonna do guys next
vmq13u4js4U-00467-00107144-00107302 i am pretty much gonna get out of here
vmq13u4js4U-00468-00107303-00107534 really quickly uh but i'm gonna go to
vmq13u4js4U-00469-00107535-00107719 example one so i could kind of show you
vmq13u4js4U-00470-00107720-00107983 guys what i'm talking about this whole
vmq13u4js4U-00471-00107983-00108119 the whole time
vmq13u4js4U-00472-00108120-00108295 so i'm gonna log in now as a reminder
vmq13u4js4U-00473-00108296-00108454 guys uh
vmq13u4js4U-00474-00108455-00108599 it will lag
vmq13u4js4U-00475-00108600-00108807 this thing will lag because
vmq13u4js4U-00476-00108808-00108990 every time you log into the central lawn
vmq13u4js4U-00477-00108991-00109278 it does take a lot of bandwidth uh and
vmq13u4js4U-00478-00109279-00109471 i'm also recording at the same time so
vmq13u4js4U-00479-00109472-00109607 it's only going to make it worse in
vmq13u4js4U-00480-00109608-00109847 terms of slowing everything down so just
vmq13u4js4U-00481-00109848-00110054 want to just keep that in mind so you uh
vmq13u4js4U-00482-00110055-00110247 you know so definitely be patient guys
vmq13u4js4U-00483-00110248-00110366 especially when you're playing the
vmq13u4js4U-00484-00110367-00110566 central land and you're logging in to
vmq13u4js4U-00485-00110567-00110719 your etheremon accounts and all that
vmq13u4js4U-00486-00110720-00110871 kind of stuff it takes time it takes
vmq13u4js4U-00487-00110872-00110990 time
vmq13u4js4U-00488-00110991-00111471 so right now i did go to example one
vmq13u4js4U-00489-00111472-00111654 and i'm gonna show you guys really
vmq13u4js4U-00490-00111655-00111751 quickly
vmq13u4js4U-00491-00111752-00111934 what i meant earlier
vmq13u4js4U-00492-00111935-00112247 uh when it comes down to um you know all
vmq13u4js4U-00493-00112248-00112543 these uh battle arenas this is battle
vmq13u4js4U-00494-00112544-00112758 arena one i haven't
vmq13u4js4U-00495-00112759-00112958 battled this one yet
vmq13u4js4U-00496-00112959-00113151 but
vmq13u4js4U-00497-00113152-00113286 as you guys can see there's a whole
vmq13u4js4U-00498-00113288-00113486 bunch of grassland that i could continue
vmq13u4js4U-00499-00113488-00113766 to battle and
vmq13u4js4U-00500-00113767-00114047 and you could say and pretty much level
vmq13u4js4U-00501-00114048-00114263 up and train my ether mine
vmq13u4js4U-00502-00114264-00114343 so
vmq13u4js4U-00503-00114344-00114575 that is really really cool
vmq13u4js4U-00504-00114576-00114847 and again now i have all these
vmq13u4js4U-00505-00114848-00115031 all these cucumbers actually that's
vmq13u4js4U-00506-00115032-00115166 pretty much what i'm gonna do i'm gonna
vmq13u4js4U-00507-00115167-00115310 plant
vmq13u4js4U-00508-00115311-00115551 i'm gonna plant let me let me let it let
vmq13u4js4U-00509-00115552-00115751 it load up it's loading up i'm gonna
vmq13u4js4U-00510-00115752-00115983 plant um
vmq13u4js4U-00511-00115983-00116343 i'm gonna plant the cucumber
vmq13u4js4U-00512-00116344-00116502 you know that that i'm going to use to
vmq13u4js4U-00513-00116503-00116631 get to
vmq13u4js4U-00514-00116632-00116807 uh my ether man
vmq13u4js4U-00515-00116808-00117247 and again the ones that i'm leveling up
vmq13u4js4U-00516-00117248-00117447 um
vmq13u4js4U-00517-00117448-00117683 and i'm going to show you give it a
vmq13u4js4U-00518-00117683-00118023 second is this one right here uh cf
vmq13u4js4U-00519-00118024-00118278 furlough uh furball excuse me she had
vmq13u4js4U-00520-00118279-00118431 furball
vmq13u4js4U-00521-00118432-00118710 um i am level level in this ethernet out
vmq13u4js4U-00522-00118711-00118966 so i know in order for them me to level
vmq13u4js4U-00523-00118967-00119239 up i gotta battle them um and i also got
vmq13u4js4U-00524-00119240-00119519 to give it some some health so
vmq13u4js4U-00525-00119520-00119647 um
vmq13u4js4U-00526-00119648-00119983 now right now
vmq13u4js4U-00527-00119983-00120223 one other thing that i just noticed
vmq13u4js4U-00528-00120224-00120495 is that
vmq13u4js4U-00529-00120496-00120886 each ether i almost feel like it has a
vmq13u4js4U-00530-00120888-00121023 let me see let me see if i'm able to
vmq13u4js4U-00531-00121024-00121295 battle this one right now
vmq13u4js4U-00532-00121296-00121566 see this one's level three level two
vmq13u4js4U-00533-00121567-00121883 give me a level one so i could battle
vmq13u4js4U-00534-00121883-00122366 it that's three what is this one nope
vmq13u4js4U-00535-00122367-00122502 two i think i might have to go with
vmq13u4js4U-00536-00122503-00122710 level two
vmq13u4js4U-00537-00122711-00122878 level three
vmq13u4js4U-00538-00122879-00123199 level five
vmq13u4js4U-00539-00123200-00123783 i guess it's level two it doesn't hurt
vmq13u4js4U-00540-00123783-00123990 all right
vmq13u4js4U-00541-00123991-00124247 so i'm gonna go straight oh
vmq13u4js4U-00542-00124248-00124407 i beat it right away
vmq13u4js4U-00543-00124408-00124599 that was easy
vmq13u4js4U-00544-00124600-00125534 so guys i'm gonna go to level three
vmq13u4js4U-00545-00125535-00125863 ooh i guess i beat it really quickly too
vmq13u4js4U-00546-00125864-00126031 oh let me get this little green back so
vmq13u4js4U-00547-00126032-00126239 every time you beat uh
vmq13u4js4U-00548-00126240-00126519 a uh ether monitor grassland meet therma
vmq13u4js4U-00549-00126520-00126631 you do
vmq13u4js4U-00550-00126632-00126790 you know you do get to a green little
vmq13u4js4U-00551-00126791-00127063 bag and this time i got a silver ticket
vmq13u4js4U-00552-00127064-00127214 and some um
vmq13u4js4U-00553-00127215-00127399 oh there's a little bag over here let me
vmq13u4js4U-00554-00127400-00127623 get this bad boy
vmq13u4js4U-00555-00127624-00127847 oh no more silver tickets
vmq13u4js4U-00556-00127848-00128014 so again the way to do it guys is that
vmq13u4js4U-00557-00128015-00128207 you know you kind of just have to
vmq13u4js4U-00558-00128208-00128390 actually let me
vmq13u4js4U-00559-00128391-00128551 go back to believe
vmq13u4js4U-00560-00128552-00128743 this yeah this is ready
vmq13u4js4U-00561-00128744-00128943 so cucumbers ready let me grab this
vmq13u4js4U-00562-00128944-00129166 cucumber
vmq13u4js4U-00563-00129167-00129383 i'm going to give it to sia furlo where
vmq13u4js4U-00564-00129383-00129534 are you
vmq13u4js4U-00565-00129535-00129758 where are you where are you i'm going to
vmq13u4js4U-00566-00129759-00129934 have to have them follow me because oh
vmq13u4js4U-00567-00129935-00130486 there there she is
vmq13u4js4U-00568-00130488-00130607 there you go
vmq13u4js4U-00569-00130608-00130863 got some hunger off the way
vmq13u4js4U-00570-00130864-00131319 so now let me uh go battle some more
vmq13u4js4U-00571-00131320-00131831 attack
vmq13u4js4U-00572-00131832-00131966 right away man
vmq13u4js4U-00573-00131967-00132143 it's pretty cool
vmq13u4js4U-00574-00132144-00132335 so i guess is what i like about you know
vmq13u4js4U-00575-00132336-00132519 having a high level is that now that i
vmq13u4js4U-00576-00132520-00132711 have a high such a high level
vmq13u4js4U-00577-00132712-00132911 again
vmq13u4js4U-00578-00132912-00133071 what it took me to get to this high
vmq13u4js4U-00579-00133072-00133366 level
vmq13u4js4U-00580-00133367-00133575 was pretty much
vmq13u4js4U-00581-00133576-00133895 um battling grassland i battled a whole
vmq13u4js4U-00582-00133896-00134047 bunch of them
vmq13u4js4U-00583-00134048-00134351 and eventually i um
vmq13u4js4U-00584-00134352-00134519 okay
vmq13u4js4U-00585-00134520-00134735 oh not enough energy according to this i
vmq13u4js4U-00586-00134736-00134887 don't have enough energy so what i have
vmq13u4js4U-00587-00134888-00135071 to do is plant
vmq13u4js4U-00588-00135072-00135359 uh a cucumber or cabbage you know once i
vmq13u4js4U-00589-00135360-00135671 plant those i feed it to um
vmq13u4js4U-00590-00135672-00135887 see a furball i should be able to battle
vmq13u4js4U-00591-00135888-00136159 again so that's pretty much it guys i
vmq13u4js4U-00592-00136160-00136295 mean that's that's pretty much all i
vmq13u4js4U-00593-00136296-00136535 wanted to say guys is that you know if
vmq13u4js4U-00594-00136536-00136775 you have a lot of ether man
vmq13u4js4U-00595-00136776-00136983 hey take advantage of their energy use
vmq13u4js4U-00596-00136984-00137254 their energy and maximize their energy
vmq13u4js4U-00597-00137255-00137423 and once they're maxed out put them
vmq13u4js4U-00598-00137424-00137614 asleep put them asleep they'll renew
vmq13u4js4U-00599-00137615-00137807 their energy so next time you log into
vmq13u4js4U-00600-00137808-00137943 the central line whether it be the next
vmq13u4js4U-00601-00137944-00138247 day hey you're able to pretty much uh do
vmq13u4js4U-00602-00138248-00138447 it all over again guys you know again
vmq13u4js4U-00603-00138448-00138687 maximize the rewards their energy get as
vmq13u4js4U-00604-00138688-00138766 much
vmq13u4js4U-00605-00138767-00138927 green bags as you can whether it be
vmq13u4js4U-00606-00138928-00139151 vegetables like beets cucumbers cabbage
vmq13u4js4U-00607-00139152-00139287 carrots
vmq13u4js4U-00608-00139288-00139575 silver tickets marks all that good stuff
vmq13u4js4U-00609-00139576-00139783 but only going to add up to your ether
vmq13u4js4U-00610-00139784-00139935 my account which eventually you should
vmq13u4js4U-00611-00139936-00140135 be able to purchase things or be entered
vmq13u4js4U-00612-00140136-00140343 in raffle tickets which you could win
vmq13u4js4U-00613-00140344-00140543 other ether mods so i hope all this
vmq13u4js4U-00614-00140544-00140663 stuff makes sense guys if you have any
vmq13u4js4U-00615-00140664-00140839 questions don't forget to ask down below
vmq13u4js4U-00616-00140840-00140975 in youtube comments again don't forget
vmq13u4js4U-00617-00140976-00141159 to support this channel smash that like
vmq13u4js4U-00618-00141160-00141335 button and subscribe down below future
vmq13u4js4U-00619-00141336-00141527 channel you guys will hear from me soon
vmq13u4js4U-00620-00141528-00141784 take care guys
vnMm46TC5aY-00000-00000000-00000069 I got
vnMm46TC5aY-00001-00000070-00000098 [Music]
vnMm46TC5aY-00002-00000099-00001901 [Music]
vnMm46TC5aY-00003-00001902-00003311 it
vnMm46TC5aY-00004-00003311-00003449 foreign
vnMm46TC5aY-00005-00003450-00004176 [Music]
vnVhjGsDwyu-00000-00000163-00000419 welcome to fintech monthly for November
vnVhjGsDwyu-00001-00000420-00000688 2016 your roundup of the month top
vnVhjGsDwyu-00002-00000689-00000974 financial technology news this episode
vnVhjGsDwyu-00003-00000975-00001124 we're filming from the office of world
vnVhjGsDwyu-00004-00001125-00001366 remit an online money transfer service
vnVhjGsDwyu-00005-00001367-00001577 that enables people to easily send funds
vnVhjGsDwyu-00006-00001578-00001752 overseas
vnVhjGsDwyu-00007-00001753-00003425 [Music]
vnVhjGsDwyu-00008-00003426-00003727 in fintech investment is digital wealth
vnVhjGsDwyu-00009-00003728-00003920 manager nutmeg raised the 30 million
vnVhjGsDwyu-00010-00003921-00004195 pound series c round LED by convoy
vnVhjGsDwyu-00011-00004196-00004411 global holdings this marks the largest
vnVhjGsDwyu-00012-00004412-00004736 insect grade since brexit lutz a banking
vnVhjGsDwyu-00013-00004737-00004918 and money management app raise 2.5
vnVhjGsDwyu-00014-00004919-00005225 million pounds investors included
vnVhjGsDwyu-00015-00005226-00005425 austrian early-stage fund speed invest
vnVhjGsDwyu-00016-00005426-00005721 and global founders capital
vnVhjGsDwyu-00017-00005722-00006114 [Music]
vnVhjGsDwyu-00018-00006115-00006364 edinburgh-based free agent floated on
vnVhjGsDwyu-00019-00006365-00006701 aim raising 10.7 million pounds the
vnVhjGsDwyu-00020-00006702-00006880 accounting software firms flotation
vnVhjGsDwyu-00021-00006881-00007118 comes after it raised over 1.2 million
vnVhjGsDwyu-00022-00007119-00007635 pounds on cedars in july last year
vnVhjGsDwyu-00023-00007636-00007877 britain's royal mint and derivatives
vnVhjGsDwyu-00024-00007878-00008110 exchange CME Group have teamed up to
vnVhjGsDwyu-00025-00008111-00008302 create a block chain based gold trading
vnVhjGsDwyu-00026-00008303-00008660 platform due to launch in 2017 the
vnVhjGsDwyu-00027-00008661-00008837 digital platform is designed to cut the
vnVhjGsDwyu-00028-00008838-00009008 costs involved in trading the precious
vnVhjGsDwyu-00029-00009009-00009296 metal I asked James Brockhurst from law
vnVhjGsDwyu-00030-00009297-00009548 firm gowling wlg to tell us more about
vnVhjGsDwyu-00031-00009549-00009778 how blockchain technology can be used in
vnVhjGsDwyu-00032-00009779-00010055 the transfer of physical assets this is
vnVhjGsDwyu-00033-00010056-00010193 an interesting area because you're
vnVhjGsDwyu-00034-00010194-00010424 basically taking physical assets and
vnVhjGsDwyu-00035-00010425-00010672 giving them a digital identity so if you
vnVhjGsDwyu-00036-00010673-00010933 have real estate or artwork or indeed a
vnVhjGsDwyu-00037-00010934-00011165 block of gold any of these assets can be
vnVhjGsDwyu-00038-00011166-00011435 stored on a blockchain and this concept
vnVhjGsDwyu-00039-00011436-00011716 has been called colored coins it's the
vnVhjGsDwyu-00040-00011717-00011918 idea that you take a digital coin or
vnVhjGsDwyu-00041-00011919-00012257 token and you embed extra data into it
vnVhjGsDwyu-00042-00012258-00012449 so now you have a digital token which
vnVhjGsDwyu-00043-00012450-00012752 represents a real world asset and this
vnVhjGsDwyu-00044-00012753-00012983 is tradable you can sell it you can
vnVhjGsDwyu-00045-00012984-00013250 mortgage it gift it etc so that offers
vnVhjGsDwyu-00046-00013251-00013505 new and interesting opportunities in the
vnVhjGsDwyu-00047-00013506-00013763 world of finance
vnVhjGsDwyu-00048-00013765-00014283 a survey of 17 UK led financial services
vnVhjGsDwyu-00049-00014284-00014541 firms found one hundred percent expects
vnVhjGsDwyu-00050-00014541-00014708 purchase products or commissioned work
vnVhjGsDwyu-00051-00014709-00014922 from a FinTech company over the next
vnVhjGsDwyu-00052-00014922-00015194 three years but according to a report
vnVhjGsDwyu-00053-00015195-00015455 called the ABCA fintech by law firm
vnVhjGsDwyu-00054-00015456-00015728 Mayor Brown it's also revealed more than
vnVhjGsDwyu-00055-00015729-00015917 half of UK led fin tech companies
vnVhjGsDwyu-00056-00015918-00016149 favored acquisition by a financial
vnVhjGsDwyu-00057-00016150-00016446 services firm as their exit strategy the
vnVhjGsDwyu-00058-00016447-00016638 pulse of FinTech report by CB insights
vnVhjGsDwyu-00059-00016639-00016931 and KPMG fund investment in vc backed
vnVhjGsDwyu-00060-00016932-00017103 fin tech companies across the globe
vnVhjGsDwyu-00061-00017104-00017417 dropped twelve percent in q3 2016
vnVhjGsDwyu-00062-00017418-00017649 despite raising a total of two point
vnVhjGsDwyu-00063-00017650-00017850 four billion dollars the number of deals
vnVhjGsDwyu-00064-00017851-00018183 dropped to 178 the lowest level since q2
vnVhjGsDwyu-00065-00018184-00018561 2014 that's all for this monster under
vnVhjGsDwyu-00066-00018562-00018767 visitar FinTech news channel for more
vnVhjGsDwyu-00067-00018768-00018969 and subscribe now to receive future
vnVhjGsDwyu-00068-00018970-00019161 FinTech monthly videos to your inbox
vnVhjGsDwyu-00069-00019162-00019525 thanks for watching
vnVhjGsDwyu-00070-00019526-00019810 [Music]
vnbSHg24HpM-00000-00000102-00000338 foreign
vnbSHg24HpM-00001-00000339-00001830 [Music]
vnbSHg24HpM-00002-00001830-00002501 [Music]
vnbSHg24HpM-00003-00002502-00004163 [Music]
vnbSHg24HpM-00004-00004164-00006628 foreign
vnbSHg24HpM-00005-00006629-00007720 foreign
vnbSHg24HpM-00006-00007722-00008003 foreign
vnbSHg24HpM-00007-00008004-00008123 yeah
vnbSHg24HpM-00008-00008123-00008807 anyway
vnbSHg24HpM-00009-00008808-00010343 s
vnbSHg24HpM-00010-00010344-00010559 [Music]
vnbSHg24HpM-00011-00010560-00012715 foreign
vnbSHg24HpM-00012-00012716-00013391 [Music]
vnbSHg24HpM-00013-00013391-00013799 cartoon
vnbSHg24HpM-00014-00013800-00014819 science
vnbSHg24HpM-00015-00014819-00015449 right so
vnbSHg24HpM-00016-00015450-00017807 foreign
vnbSHg24HpM-00017-00017808-00019103 [Music]
vnbSHg24HpM-00018-00019104-00020565 foreign
vnbSHg24HpM-00019-00020566-00021599 [Laughter]
vnbSHg24HpM-00020-00021600-00021827 [Music]
vnbSHg24HpM-00021-00021828-00022058 foreign
w0hCpzdw9-0-00000-00000152-00000366 damn what is that
w0hCpzdw9-0-00001-00000367-00000559 chill out fool we gonna be right behind
w0hCpzdw9-0-00002-00000560-00000767 you
w0hCpzdw9-0-00005-00009884-00010751 okay
w0hCpzdw9-0-00006-00010752-00011283 you're as bad as talking as you is
w0hCpzdw9-0-00007-00011284-00012710 driving
w0hCpzdw9-0-00008-00012711-00013815 babbling be so proud you boy
w0hCpzdw9-0-00009-00013816-00015038 [__] i'm the best there was
w0hCpzdw9-0-00010-00015040-00016863 yeah that's real grove street
w0hCpzdw9-0-00011-00016864-00018532 oh man check out special agent big smoke
w0hCpzdw9-0-00012-00018533-00019447 [Applause]
w0hCpzdw9-0-00013-00019448-00021486 ah you're making me so proud
w0hCpzdw9-0-00014-00021487-00021847 hey who shot at me
w0hCpzdw9-0-00015-00021848-00022111 what you kids want hey hey pops hey
w0hCpzdw9-0-00016-00022112-00022167 what's in
w0hCpzdw9-0-00017-00022168-00022407 it aren't you beverly johnson's boy
w0hCpzdw9-0-00018-00022408-00022486 that's right
w0hCpzdw9-0-00019-00022487-00022830 right ain't you dead
w0hCpzdw9-0-00020-00022831-00023150 no emmett the other one carl i'm
w0hCpzdw9-0-00021-00023151-00023430 sorry about everything that's why we
w0hCpzdw9-0-00022-00023431-00023542 here sir
w0hCpzdw9-0-00023-00023543-00023814 we want to get the people who did it
w0hCpzdw9-0-00024-00023815-00023942 well
w0hCpzdw9-0-00025-00023943-00024255 you come to the right place try anything
w0hCpzdw9-0-00026-00024256-00024478 you like boy
w0hCpzdw9-0-00028-00030247-00030479 the homies is walking into a trap just
w0hCpzdw9-0-00030-00041928-00042136 you
w3Yj4m7C60U-00000-00000003-00000245 a work-at-home scheme is a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00001-00000246-00000467 get-rich-quick scam in which a victim is
w3Yj4m7C60U-00002-00000468-00000671 lured by an offer to be employed at home
w3Yj4m7C60U-00003-00000672-00000919 very often doing some simple tasks in a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00004-00000921-00001094 minimal amount of time with a large
w3Yj4m7C60U-00005-00001095-00001295 amount of income that far exceeds the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00006-00001296-00001570 market rate for the type of work the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00007-00001571-00001772 true purpose of such an offer is for the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00008-00001773-00001967 perpetrator to extort money from the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00009-00001968-00002174 victim either by charging a fee to join
w3Yj4m7C60U-00010-00002175-00002410 the scheme or requiring the victim to
w3Yj4m7C60U-00011-00002411-00002657 invest in products whose resale value is
w3Yj4m7C60U-00012-00002658-00002897 misrepresented work-at-home schemes have
w3Yj4m7C60U-00013-00002898-00003113 been around for decades with the classic
w3Yj4m7C60U-00014-00003114-00003449 envelope stuffing scam originating in
w3Yj4m7C60U-00015-00003450-00003661 the United States during the Depression
w3Yj4m7C60U-00016-00003663-00004111 in the 1920s and 1930s in this scam the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00017-00004112-00004301 worker is offered entry to a scheme
w3Yj4m7C60U-00018-00004302-00004475 where they can earn $2 for every
w3Yj4m7C60U-00019-00004476-00004793 envelope they fill after paying a small
w3Yj4m7C60U-00020-00004794-00005069 $2 fee to join the scheme the victim is
w3Yj4m7C60U-00021-00005070-00005281 sent to fly a template for the self-same
w3Yj4m7C60U-00022-00005282-00005518 work-from-home scheme and instructed to
w3Yj4m7C60U-00023-00005519-00005702 post these advertisements around their
w3Yj4m7C60U-00024-00005703-00005995 local area the victim is simply stuffing
w3Yj4m7C60U-00025-00005996-00006277 envelopes with flyer templates that
w3Yj4m7C60U-00026-00006278-00006532 perpetuate the scheme originally found
w3Yj4m7C60U-00027-00006533-00006748 as printed adverts in newspapers and
w3Yj4m7C60U-00028-00006750-00006977 magazines variants of this scam have
w3Yj4m7C60U-00029-00006978-00007205 expanded into more modern media such as
w3Yj4m7C60U-00030-00007206-00007487 television and radio adverts and forum
w3Yj4m7C60U-00031-00007488-00007831 posts on the Internet in some countries
w3Yj4m7C60U-00032-00007833-00008081 law-enforcement agencies work to fight
w3Yj4m7C60U-00033-00008081-00008546 work-at-home schemes in 2006 the United
w3Yj4m7C60U-00034-00008547-00008710 States Federal Trade Commission
w3Yj4m7C60U-00035-00008711-00008912 established Project false hopes a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00036-00008913-00009146 federal and state law enforcement suite
w3Yj4m7C60U-00037-00009147-00009383 that targets bogus business opportunity
w3Yj4m7C60U-00038-00009384-00009671 and work at home scams the crackdown
w3Yj4m7C60U-00039-00009672-00009953 involved more than 100 law enforcement
w3Yj4m7C60U-00040-00009954-00010208 actions by the FTC the Department of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00041-00010209-00010433 Justice the United States Postal
w3Yj4m7C60U-00042-00010434-00010619 Inspection Service and law enforcement
w3Yj4m7C60U-00043-00010620-00010960 agencies in 11 states legitimate work at
w3Yj4m7C60U-00044-00010961-00011171 home opportunities do exist and many
w3Yj4m7C60U-00045-00011172-00011381 people do the jobs in the comfort of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00046-00011382-00011612 their own homes but anyone seeking such
w3Yj4m7C60U-00047-00011613-00011831 an employment opportunity should be wary
w3Yj4m7C60U-00048-00011832-00012138 of accepting a home employment offer a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00049-00012139-00012416 2007 report in the United States
w3Yj4m7C60U-00050-00012417-00012737 suggested that about 97% of work at home
w3Yj4m7C60U-00051-00012738-00013058 offers were scams many legitimate jobs
w3Yj4m7C60U-00052-00013059-00013297 at home requires some form of post high
w3Yj4m7C60U-00053-00013298-00013388 school education
w3Yj4m7C60U-00054-00013388-00013597 such as a college degree or certificate
w3Yj4m7C60U-00055-00013599-00013871 or trade school and some experience in
w3Yj4m7C60U-00056-00013872-00014018 the field in an office or other
w3Yj4m7C60U-00057-00014019-00014318 supervised setting additionally many
w3Yj4m7C60U-00058-00014319-00014513 legitimate at home jobs are not like
w3Yj4m7C60U-00059-00014513-00014716 those in schemes are portrayed to be as
w3Yj4m7C60U-00060-00014718-00014906 they are often performed at least some
w3Yj4m7C60U-00061-00014907-00015077 of the time in the company's office
w3Yj4m7C60U-00062-00015078-00015284 require more self-discipline than a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00063-00015285-00015506 traditional job and have a high risk of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00064-00015507-00015847 firing common types of work found in
w3Yj4m7C60U-00065-00015849-00016181 work-at-home schemes include stuffing
w3Yj4m7C60U-00066-00016182-00016469 envelopes the victim sees a flyer
w3Yj4m7C60U-00067-00016470-00016655 advertising a job stuffing envelopes
w3Yj4m7C60U-00068-00016656-00017015 with up to 1000 envelopes a week that
w3Yj4m7C60U-00069-00017016-00017247 you can stuff
w3Yj4m7C60U-00070-00017248-00017605 with postage an address already affixed
w3Yj4m7C60U-00071-00017606-00017925 offering a payment of $1 - two per
w3Yj4m7C60U-00072-00017926-00018207 envelope to apply for the job the victim
w3Yj4m7C60U-00073-00018208-00018369 is required to send a self-addressed
w3Yj4m7C60U-00074-00018370-00018611 stamped envelope for information and a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00075-00018612-00018933 small processing fee in return the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00076-00018934-00019130 victim is sent a template for the flyer
w3Yj4m7C60U-00077-00019131-00019347 they had originally seen the envelopes
w3Yj4m7C60U-00078-00019348-00019524 they stuffer from other people who
w3Yj4m7C60U-00079-00019525-00019713 answer the flyer and the payment is the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00080-00019714-00020088 processing fee assembly of items of some
w3Yj4m7C60U-00081-00020089-00020367 type such as crafts jewelry or medical
w3Yj4m7C60U-00082-00020368-00020655 equipment the worker is required to pay
w3Yj4m7C60U-00083-00020656-00020828 upfront for materials and construction
w3Yj4m7C60U-00084-00020829-00021063 kits and when they attempt to sell the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00085-00021064-00021252 finished products back to the scheme's
w3Yj4m7C60U-00086-00021253-00021425 organizer they are told that the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00087-00021426-00021730 products don't meet our specifications
w3Yj4m7C60U-00088-00021731-00021953 leaving the worker with assembled
w3Yj4m7C60U-00089-00021954-00022319 products and no buyer processing medical
w3Yj4m7C60U-00090-00022320-00022590 claims the worker pays several hundred
w3Yj4m7C60U-00091-00022591-00022800 dollars for medical billing software but
w3Yj4m7C60U-00092-00022801-00022958 will later discover that most medical
w3Yj4m7C60U-00093-00022959-00023147 clinics process their own bills
w3Yj4m7C60U-00094-00023148-00023346 outsource their billing to established
w3Yj4m7C60U-00095-00023347-00023574 firms rather than individuals or have
w3Yj4m7C60U-00096-00023575-00023769 stricter requirements than the purchased
w3Yj4m7C60U-00097-00023770-00024108 software can provide forum spamming
w3Yj4m7C60U-00098-00024109-00024353 usually advertised as some variant of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00099-00024354-00024687 email processing the worker is simply
w3Yj4m7C60U-00100-00024688-00024887 given instructions on spamming online
w3Yj4m7C60U-00101-00024888-00025122 forums and told they can make money by
w3Yj4m7C60U-00102-00025123-00025391 selling these same instructions online
w3Yj4m7C60U-00103-00025392-00025677 sales of a product or service that is
w3Yj4m7C60U-00104-00025677-00025992 difficult or impossible to sell this is
w3Yj4m7C60U-00105-00025993-00026150 often done in the form of a pyramid
w3Yj4m7C60U-00106-00026151-00026517 scheme talking on a phone sex hotline
w3Yj4m7C60U-00107-00026518-00026757 some adverts offer legitimate forms of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00108-00026758-00026994 work that really do exist but exaggerate
w3Yj4m7C60U-00109-00026995-00027168 the salary and understate the effort
w3Yj4m7C60U-00110-00027169-00027354 that will have to be put into the job or
w3Yj4m7C60U-00111-00027355-00027564 exaggerate the amount of work that will
w3Yj4m7C60U-00112-00027564-00027864 be available many such ads do not even
w3Yj4m7C60U-00113-00027864-00028083 specify the type of work that will be
w3Yj4m7C60U-00114-00028083-00028389 performed some similar schemes do not
w3Yj4m7C60U-00115-00028389-00028571 advertise work that would be performed
w3Yj4m7C60U-00116-00028572-00028812 at home but may instead offer occasional
w3Yj4m7C60U-00117-00028813-00029033 sporadic work away from home for large
w3Yj4m7C60U-00118-00029034-00029279 payments paired with a lot of free time
w3Yj4m7C60U-00119-00029280-00029505 some common offers fitting this
w3Yj4m7C60U-00120-00029506-00029748 description or acting as extras mystery
w3Yj4m7C60U-00121-00029749-00029976 shopping which in reality requires hard
w3Yj4m7C60U-00122-00029977-00030231 work is paid close to minimum wage and
w3Yj4m7C60U-00123-00030232-00030450 most importantly does not require an
w3Yj4m7C60U-00124-00030451-00030645 upfront fee to join and work
w3Yj4m7C60U-00125-00030645-00030866 a nanny
w3Yj4m7C60U-00126-00030867-00031230 you
w3Yj4m7C60U-00127-00031231-00031808 topic signs of a scam
w3Yj4m7C60U-00128-00031808-00032083 signs of a work at home scams ursus a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00129-00032085-00032411 legitimate job may include payment of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00130-00032412-00032618 fee is required prior to starting
w3Yj4m7C60U-00131-00032619-00032933 employment in the United States the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00132-00032934-00033116 Federal Trade Commission states that
w3Yj4m7C60U-00133-00033117-00033347 under no circumstances should anyone be
w3Yj4m7C60U-00134-00033348-00033551 forced to pay a fee in order to obtain a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00135-00033552-00033881 job in many countries no legitimate
w3Yj4m7C60U-00136-00033882-00034103 employer will require a fee be paid as a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00137-00034104-00034313 condition of starting work except
w3Yj4m7C60U-00138-00034314-00034496 perhaps a small amount for a criminal
w3Yj4m7C60U-00139-00034497-00034832 background check pay is too good to be
w3Yj4m7C60U-00140-00034833-00035090 true though there may be legitimate jobs
w3Yj4m7C60U-00141-00035091-00035309 in existence in which employees are paid
w3Yj4m7C60U-00142-00035310-00035498 to perform the particular task in
w3Yj4m7C60U-00143-00035499-00035771 question even from home in reality they
w3Yj4m7C60U-00144-00035772-00035942 would be paid a wage that is fair for
w3Yj4m7C60U-00145-00035943-00036125 that type of work and level of education
w3Yj4m7C60U-00146-00036126-00036524 not the $40 per hour or $3,000 per week
w3Yj4m7C60U-00147-00036525-00036707 that is typically offered in a work at
w3Yj4m7C60U-00148-00036708-00037043 home scheme employer will seemingly hire
w3Yj4m7C60U-00149-00037044-00037307 anyone with no experience necessary and
w3Yj4m7C60U-00150-00037308-00037628 no qualifications legitimate work at
w3Yj4m7C60U-00151-00037629-00037814 home employers will only be interested
w3Yj4m7C60U-00152-00037815-00038006 in those who have the proper experience
w3Yj4m7C60U-00153-00038007-00038282 skills certification and other
w3Yj4m7C60U-00154-00038283-00038492 qualifying factors and will give at
w3Yj4m7C60U-00155-00038493-00038672 least some scrutiny to an applicant
w3Yj4m7C60U-00156-00038673-00038942 seeking employment but the perpetrator
w3Yj4m7C60U-00157-00038943-00039146 of a work at home scheme is only
w3Yj4m7C60U-00158-00039147-00039341 interested in the payment required to
w3Yj4m7C60U-00159-00039342-00039674 join company is little known and does
w3Yj4m7C60U-00160-00039675-00039830 not seemingly have a customer base
w3Yj4m7C60U-00161-00039831-00040013 bringing them revenue from which they
w3Yj4m7C60U-00162-00040014-00040343 can pay employees company name is
w3Yj4m7C60U-00163-00040344-00040580 similar to but not exactly the same as a
w3Yj4m7C60U-00164-00040581-00040919 well-known legitimate company company
w3Yj4m7C60U-00165-00040920-00041090 does not appear to have a permanent
w3Yj4m7C60U-00166-00041091-00041360 location its address phone number and
w3Yj4m7C60U-00167-00041361-00041546 website appear to be centered on
w3Yj4m7C60U-00168-00041547-00041866 recruitment of employees not customers
w3Yj4m7C60U-00169-00041867-00042158 company tries to show unnatural benefits
w3Yj4m7C60U-00170-00042159-00042356 of working in a very short period of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00171-00042357-00042704 time company repeatedly tries to make
w3Yj4m7C60U-00172-00042705-00043079 contact until the victim replies fake
w3Yj4m7C60U-00173-00043080-00043398 news stories and websites
w3Yj4m7C60U-00174-00043399-00043762 you
w3Yj4m7C60U-00175-00043763-00044345 topic consequences
w3Yj4m7C60U-00176-00044346-00044585 the consequences of falling for a work
w3Yj4m7C60U-00177-00044586-00044942 at home scheme may be as follows loss of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00178-00044943-00045164 money it may be only the initial feed to
w3Yj4m7C60U-00179-00045165-00045374 join which may be a large or small
w3Yj4m7C60U-00180-00045375-00045650 amount some scammers will run after
w3Yj4m7C60U-00181-00045651-00045893 receiving just this fee others will
w3Yj4m7C60U-00182-00045894-00046094 continue to ask for more in order for
w3Yj4m7C60U-00183-00046095-00046309 the promise of high pay to be fulfilled
w3Yj4m7C60U-00184-00046310-00046562 some will act on a two-way street
w3Yj4m7C60U-00185-00046563-00046802 actually issuing paychecks all the while
w3Yj4m7C60U-00186-00046803-00047000 receiving payments of greater value in
w3Yj4m7C60U-00187-00047001-00047258 return which in some cases have exceeded
w3Yj4m7C60U-00188-00047259-00047579 tens of thousands of US dollars in other
w3Yj4m7C60U-00189-00047580-00047798 cases the employer may obtain the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00190-00047799-00047984 victims personal information for
w3Yj4m7C60U-00191-00047985-00048317 purposes of identity theft loss of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00192-00048318-00048560 legitimate job those with a real job may
w3Yj4m7C60U-00193-00048561-00048776 quit in hopes of a better one only to
w3Yj4m7C60U-00194-00048777-00048974 find they cannot get their original job
w3Yj4m7C60U-00195-00048975-00049178 back after they discover the dream job
w3Yj4m7C60U-00196-00049179-00049577 was only a hoax damaged reputation those
w3Yj4m7C60U-00197-00049578-00049781 who engage in sales of a faulty or
w3Yj4m7C60U-00198-00049782-00049976 otherwise controversial product may be
w3Yj4m7C60U-00199-00049977-00050144 tarnishing their own name as the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00200-00050145-00050419 salesperson of such a worthless item
w3Yj4m7C60U-00201-00050420-00050678 trouble with law some victims may
w3Yj4m7C60U-00202-00050679-00050918 actually receive money but at the same
w3Yj4m7C60U-00203-00050919-00051131 time they may be unknowingly breaking
w3Yj4m7C60U-00204-00051132-00051350 the law on behalf of the perpetrator of
w3Yj4m7C60U-00205-00051351-00051533 the scheme but will be fully legally
w3Yj4m7C60U-00206-00051534-00051829 responsible such violations may be
w3Yj4m7C60U-00207-00051830-00052079 criminal or civil in nature in other
w3Yj4m7C60U-00208-00052079-00052286 cases they will not be committing any
w3Yj4m7C60U-00209-00052287-00052463 criminal acts but they will end up
w3Yj4m7C60U-00210-00052464-00052646 framed in an investigation for the
w3Yj4m7C60U-00211-00052647-00052973 crimes of the perpetrator wasted time
w3Yj4m7C60U-00212-00052974-00053174 victims will often invest huge amounts
w3Yj4m7C60U-00213-00053175-00053516 of time with no pay in return this is
w3Yj4m7C60U-00214-00053516-00053714 time that can be spent earning money at
w3Yj4m7C60U-00215-00053715-00054014 a legitimate job victims contact
w3Yj4m7C60U-00216-00054015-00054245 information is sold to other scammers
w3Yj4m7C60U-00217-00054246-00054446 who then contact the victim with new
w3Yj4m7C60U-00218-00054447-00054674 scams
w3Yj4m7C60U-00219-00054675-00055038 you
w3Yj4m7C60U-00220-00055039-00055575 topic see also
w3Yj4m7C60U-00221-00055576-00056019 the adventure of the stockbrokers Clark
wrbvTjp9faU-00000-00000074-00000921 [Music]
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wrbvTjp9faU-00002-00003461-00005031 [Music]
wrbvTjp9faU-00004-00009311-00010502 [Music]
wrbvTjp9faU-00006-00013957-00016316 [Music]
wrbvTjp9faU-00007-00016316-00017570 [Music]
wrbvTjp9faU-00009-00020955-00022529 [Music]
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wrbvTjp9faU-00013-00030127-00030950 [Music]
wrbvTjp9faU-00014-00030951-00031756 [Music]
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wsSxrOvIiXA-00000-00000327-00000573 hi this week's labs on the current
wsSxrOvIiXA-00001-00000574-00000852 balance being one of the last labs of
wsSxrOvIiXA-00002-00000852-00001149 12:25 therefore your first year physics
wsSxrOvIiXA-00003-00001150-00001443 journey it's a bit of a monster of a lab
wsSxrOvIiXA-00004-00001444-00001782 it features two circuits three currents
wsSxrOvIiXA-00005-00001782-00002033 two four six four lengths three
wsSxrOvIiXA-00006-00002034-00002421 diameters and three averages it's quite
wsSxrOvIiXA-00007-00002422-00002681 a bit to go around and therefore we
wsSxrOvIiXA-00008-00002682-00002847 really really stress the use of
wsSxrOvIiXA-00009-00002848-00003222 subscripts and the detail labels in any
wsSxrOvIiXA-00010-00003222-00003477 case please do read through your lab
wsSxrOvIiXA-00011-00003478-00003672 menu in great detail and hopefully this
wsSxrOvIiXA-00012-00003672-00003819 video will help you sort some of that
wsSxrOvIiXA-00013-00003820-00004275 out but putting on an aside what's the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00014-00004276-00004437 one the centre idea we're trying to
wsSxrOvIiXA-00015-00004438-00004781 prove in this lab is the force on a
wsSxrOvIiXA-00016-00004782-00005043 piece of wire carrying current in a
wsSxrOvIiXA-00017-00005044-00005487 magnetic field namely F equals ilbe so
wsSxrOvIiXA-00018-00005488-00005592 what we're going to do is going to
wsSxrOvIiXA-00019-00005593-00005937 measure this force and see if working
wsSxrOvIiXA-00020-00005938-00006113 backwards against us see magnetically
wsSxrOvIiXA-00021-00006114-00006420 that we predict so the force we're going
wsSxrOvIiXA-00022-00006420-00006653 to measure what about here's a regular
wsSxrOvIiXA-00023-00006654-00006956 balance it's use these many times in
wsSxrOvIiXA-00024-00006958-00007161 your lab so you know we put some unknown
wsSxrOvIiXA-00025-00007162-00007311 mass full force
wsSxrOvIiXA-00026-00007312-00007683 on this side and we keep adding masses
wsSxrOvIiXA-00027-00007684-00008009 let me know on the other side
wsSxrOvIiXA-00028-00008009-00008337 and when the whole balance it's balanced
wsSxrOvIiXA-00029-00008338-00008621 again what we do is you add up all these
wsSxrOvIiXA-00030-00008622-00009003 masses that we know 50 20 20 10 100
wsSxrOvIiXA-00031-00009004-00009225 grams that we know whatever happens here
wsSxrOvIiXA-00032-00009226-00009446 it's going to be a hundred grams which
wsSxrOvIiXA-00033-00009447-00009726 of course it is so there's a regular
wsSxrOvIiXA-00034-00009727-00010131 balance your current balance looks like
wsSxrOvIiXA-00035-00010132-00010338 this piece of plastic it's got a couple
wsSxrOvIiXA-00036-00010339-00010524 pivot points that you can adjust back
wsSxrOvIiXA-00037-00010525-00011028 and forth and these are also access
wsSxrOvIiXA-00038-00011029-00011205 contacts so you can put the current
wsSxrOvIiXA-00039-00011206-00011460 through this copper part here if the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00040-00011461-00011748 current runs through this way and we
wsSxrOvIiXA-00041-00011749-00011898 expose it to a magnetic field that goes
wsSxrOvIiXA-00042-00011899-00012149 like that using the right hand rule we
wsSxrOvIiXA-00043-00012150-00012387 know that this piece of wire at the end
wsSxrOvIiXA-00044-00012388-00012648 here has a current magnetic you there
wsSxrOvIiXA-00045-00012649-00012874 was real mag force that pushed it down
wsSxrOvIiXA-00046-00012875-00013322 like that so to balance that out we can
wsSxrOvIiXA-00047-00013323-00013557 add weights on this side that we know
wsSxrOvIiXA-00048-00013558-00013716 and therefore we can find out how big
wsSxrOvIiXA-00049-00013716-00013974 the magnetic forces
wsSxrOvIiXA-00050-00013975-00014193 there's one slight complication with
wsSxrOvIiXA-00051-00014194-00014559 this guy because the distance from the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00052-00014560-00014793 pivot point to where is use of force and
wsSxrOvIiXA-00053-00014794-00015027 to where we put the weight on it's
wsSxrOvIiXA-00054-00015028-00015219 different we have to account for that by
wsSxrOvIiXA-00055-00015219-00015483 measuring both of these lengths so now
wsSxrOvIiXA-00056-00015484-00015693 let's put it into the actual setup and
wsSxrOvIiXA-00057-00015694-00015930 we'll see how long comes together so
wsSxrOvIiXA-00058-00015931-00016088 here's the rest of the setup we felt the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00059-00016090-00016302 power supply the rheostat and meter and
wsSxrOvIiXA-00060-00016303-00016550 this lovely thing which is a solenoid
wsSxrOvIiXA-00061-00016551-00016782 remember from last week from the slinky
wsSxrOvIiXA-00062-00016783-00016968 if we send a current through a solenoid
wsSxrOvIiXA-00063-00016969-00017199 we'll get the magnetic that goes us
wsSxrOvIiXA-00064-00017200-00017397 within that way and that's one of the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00065-00017398-00017643 circuit one of the two circuits in this
wsSxrOvIiXA-00066-00017644-00017913 lab this one being the one that powers a
wsSxrOvIiXA-00067-00017914-00018203 solenoid generates the magnetic field
wsSxrOvIiXA-00068-00018204-00018453 now there are four terminals on here
wsSxrOvIiXA-00069-00018454-00018732 only two of these connects to the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00070-00018733-00018903 solenoid so that's the one you connect
wsSxrOvIiXA-00071-00018904-00019394 to so that's going to be going to power
wsSxrOvIiXA-00072-00019395-00019946 the saw app with six volts of power
wsSxrOvIiXA-00073-00019947-00020372 sorry on voltage the current we're going
wsSxrOvIiXA-00074-00020373-00020600 to get once at the very beginning of the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00075-00020601-00020822 lab and once at the very end because as
wsSxrOvIiXA-00076-00020823-00020979 it heats up the current is going to
wsSxrOvIiXA-00077-00020980-00021306 change slightly then you have the other
wsSxrOvIiXA-00078-00021307-00021507 circuit which sends the current through
wsSxrOvIiXA-00079-00021508-00021741 here we want that card to be adjustable
wsSxrOvIiXA-00080-00021742-00022041 so that's why we have the rheostat and
wsSxrOvIiXA-00081-00022042-00022098 VA
wsSxrOvIiXA-00082-00022099-00022502 a meter on Ceres this of course goes
wsSxrOvIiXA-00083-00022503-00022749 into these two terminals which then
wsSxrOvIiXA-00084-00022750-00022959 connects to the pivot point off the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00085-00022960-00023831 current balance
wsSxrOvIiXA-00086-00023832-00024156 so please excuse the messy wire but the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00087-00024157-00024352 first thing we'll do before you power it
wsSxrOvIiXA-00088-00024353-00024658 on is one make sure that the pivot point
wsSxrOvIiXA-00089-00024659-00025053 is at the right place you don't want the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00090-00025054-00025392 curve bounds to be hitting either the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00091-00025393-00025740 front or anything in back here so we do
wsSxrOvIiXA-00092-00025741-00026068 have to adjust the pivot point until
wsSxrOvIiXA-00093-00026069-00026589 that does happen
wsSxrOvIiXA-00094-00026589-00026937 whoo okay so this is more or less
wsSxrOvIiXA-00095-00026938-00027130 balanced definitely well look down the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00096-00027131-00027373 barrel here to make sure that as it tips
wsSxrOvIiXA-00097-00027374-00027529 back and forth it's not hitting anything
wsSxrOvIiXA-00098-00027530-00028023 it's free to move around and this still
wsSxrOvIiXA-00099-00028024-00028207 not turning it on you want to measure
wsSxrOvIiXA-00100-00028208-00028455 the distance now now we've got the pivot
wsSxrOvIiXA-00101-00028456-00028683 point set from the pivot point to the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00102-00028684-00029255 end of the wire at the end of this wire
wsSxrOvIiXA-00103-00029256-00029539 okay here I'm finally ready to turn the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00104-00029539-00029862 power on the band's is more or less flat
wsSxrOvIiXA-00105-00029863-00030051 before we kind of power on you want to
wsSxrOvIiXA-00106-00030052-00030220 use the piece of cardboard to mark over
wsSxrOvIiXA-00107-00030220-00030480 to zero point is so then you have a
wsSxrOvIiXA-00108-00030481-00030801 point of reference and the first thing
wsSxrOvIiXA-00109-00030802-00030967 one check is the polarity when we turn
wsSxrOvIiXA-00110-00030968-00031195 it on we want the current bars to flip
wsSxrOvIiXA-00111-00031195-00031508 up like this
wsSxrOvIiXA-00112-00031508-00031788 because if it slipped down and no matter
wsSxrOvIiXA-00113-00031789-00031920 how much weight we add on it's not going
wsSxrOvIiXA-00114-00031920-00032100 to go back to balance so this is the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00115-00032101-00032304 correct direction if you don't have the
wsSxrOvIiXA-00116-00032305-00032481 correct orientation just flip these two
wsSxrOvIiXA-00117-00032482-00032658 terminals around and you'll be back in
wsSxrOvIiXA-00118-00032658-00033015 business okay so now Clarisse correct
wsSxrOvIiXA-00119-00033016-00033216 then here comes the most fun part of
wsSxrOvIiXA-00120-00033217-00033453 laughs is that we're going to pick up
wsSxrOvIiXA-00121-00033454-00033825 these tiny little pieces of wire and try
wsSxrOvIiXA-00122-00033826-00034358 and put them on the current balance
wsSxrOvIiXA-00123-00034359-00034774 Allen fail
wsSxrOvIiXA-00124-00034775-00035137 ah Ellen got on
wsSxrOvIiXA-00125-00035138-00035496 Oh oh it flew off
wsSxrOvIiXA-00126-00035497-00035712 and so on and so forth you get two of
wsSxrOvIiXA-00127-00035713-00035913 them on there at just the current until
wsSxrOvIiXA-00128-00035914-00036120 it bounces again then you try for three
wsSxrOvIiXA-00129-00036121-00036393 try for four so on and so forth that's
wsSxrOvIiXA-00130-00036394-00036627 luck
wt81vLYZCoA-00000-00000051-00000368 a chief knowledge officer CKO
wt81vLYZCoA-00001-00000369-00000620 is an organizational leader responsible
wt81vLYZCoA-00002-00000621-00000886 for ensuring that the organization
wt81vLYZCoA-00003-00000887-00001161 maximizes the value it achieves through
wt81vLYZCoA-00004-00001162-00001612 knowledge the CKO is responsible for
wt81vLYZCoA-00005-00001613-00001847 managing intellectual capital and the
wt81vLYZCoA-00006-00001848-00002040 custodian of knowledge management
wt81vLYZCoA-00007-00002041-00002509 practices in an organization CKO is not
wt81vLYZCoA-00008-00002510-00002791 just a relabeling of the title chief
wt81vLYZCoA-00009-00002792-00003224 information officer the CKO role is much
wt81vLYZCoA-00010-00003225-00003577 broader ckos can help an organization
wt81vLYZCoA-00011-00003578-00003868 maximize the returns on investment in
wt81vLYZCoA-00012-00003869-00004111 knowledge people processes an
wt81vLYZCoA-00013-00004112-00004352 intellectual capital exploit their
wt81vLYZCoA-00014-00004353-00004640 intangible assets know-how patents
wt81vLYZCoA-00015-00004641-00004963 customer relationships repeat successes
wt81vLYZCoA-00016-00004964-00005288 share best practices improve innovation
wt81vLYZCoA-00017-00005289-00005506 and avoid knowledge loss after
wt81vLYZCoA-00018-00005507-00005981 organizational restructuring ckos must
wt81vLYZCoA-00019-00005982-00006232 have skills across the wide variety of
wt81vLYZCoA-00020-00006233-00006609 areas they must be good at developing
wt81vLYZCoA-00021-00006611-00006934 understanding the big picture advocacy
wt81vLYZCoA-00022-00006934-00007259 articulation promotion and justification
wt81vLYZCoA-00023-00007259-00007472 of the knowledge agenda sometimes
wt81vLYZCoA-00024-00007473-00007781 against cynicism or even open hostility
wt81vLYZCoA-00025-00007781-00008051 project and people management oversight
wt81vLYZCoA-00026-00008052-00008369 of a variety of activities attention to
wt81vLYZCoA-00027-00008370-00008608 detail ability to motivate
wt81vLYZCoA-00028-00008609-00008894 communications communicating clearly the
wt81vLYZCoA-00029-00008895-00009119 knowledge agenda have good listening
wt81vLYZCoA-00030-00009120-00009295 skills and be sensitive to
wt81vLYZCoA-00031-00009296-00009521 organizational opportunities and
wt81vLYZCoA-00032-00009522-00009814 obstacles leadership team working
wt81vLYZCoA-00033-00009815-00010211 influencing and interpersonal skills the
wt81vLYZCoA-00034-00010212-00010499 CKO who successfully combines these
wt81vLYZCoA-00035-00010500-00010742 skills as well equipped as an excellent
wt81vLYZCoA-00036-00010743-00011078 agent of change for their organization
wt81vLYZCoA-00037-00011079-00011390 other terms for CKO include knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00038-00011391-00011687 manager director of intellectual capital
wt81vLYZCoA-00039-00011688-00011996 eg Scandia director of knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00040-00011997-00012317 transfer eg Buckman laboratories and
wt81vLYZCoA-00041-00012318-00013177 knowledge asset manager eg Dow Chemical
wt81vLYZCoA-00042-00013178-00013827 topic responsibilities
wt81vLYZCoA-00043-00013828-00014172 CKO responsibilities include such things
wt81vLYZCoA-00044-00014172-00014565 as collecting relevant data that is
wt81vLYZCoA-00045-00014566-00014921 useful for the organization as knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00046-00014922-00015168 developing an overall framework that
wt81vLYZCoA-00047-00015169-00015530 guides knowledge management actively
wt81vLYZCoA-00048-00015531-00015741 promoting the knowledge agenda within
wt81vLYZCoA-00049-00015741-00016086 and beyond the company overseeing the
wt81vLYZCoA-00050-00016087-00016212 development of the knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00051-00016213-00016664 infrastructure facilitating connections
wt81vLYZCoA-00052-00016665-00017430 coordination and communications
wt81vLYZCoA-00053-00017431-00018167 topic knowledge management initiative
wt81vLYZCoA-00054-00018168-00018446 soon Ozzy and soory argued that top
wt81vLYZCoA-00055-00018447-00018683 management needs to create and share a
wt81vLYZCoA-00056-00018684-00018855 vision for the knowledge management
wt81vLYZCoA-00057-00018856-00019199 initiative the vision is the long-term
wt81vLYZCoA-00058-00019200-00019424 strategy that will drive the knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00059-00019425-00019655 management initiative and provide the
wt81vLYZCoA-00060-00019656-00019822 scope within which the knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00061-00019823-00020072 management effort and the organization
wt81vLYZCoA-00062-00020073-00020333 will grow the vision should also
wt81vLYZCoA-00063-00020334-00020603 encompass the core beliefs and values of
wt81vLYZCoA-00064-00020604-00020986 the organization the creation of the
wt81vLYZCoA-00065-00020987-00021221 vision can be done in two ways
wt81vLYZCoA-00066-00021222-00021481 top management can either appoint a
wt81vLYZCoA-00067-00021482-00021655 chief knowledge officer
wt81vLYZCoA-00068-00021656-00021958 CKO who will create the vision or they
wt81vLYZCoA-00069-00021959-00022234 can create a vision and entrust the cko
wt81vLYZCoA-00070-00022235-00022580 to carry it out it is extremely
wt81vLYZCoA-00071-00022581-00022766 important at this point that the
wt81vLYZCoA-00072-00022767-00022978 employees of the organization are
wt81vLYZCoA-00073-00022979-00023194 allowed to share in the making a vision
wt81vLYZCoA-00074-00023195-00023509 of the organization this will create a
wt81vLYZCoA-00075-00023510-00023764 sense of belonging for the employees and
wt81vLYZCoA-00076-00023765-00024017 allow them to participate in the change
wt81vLYZCoA-00077-00024018-00024380 process it will also make them accept
wt81vLYZCoA-00078-00024381-00024625 the change process more readily than if
wt81vLYZCoA-00079-00024626-00024830 they were not allowed to participate in
wt81vLYZCoA-00080-00024831-00025200 it the views of the employees in the
wt81vLYZCoA-00081-00025201-00025442 organization's should be considered and
wt81vLYZCoA-00082-00025443-00025678 there should be a proper system created
wt81vLYZCoA-00083-00025679-00026320 to share the views
wt81vLYZCoA-00084-00026320-00026983 topic knowledge lifecycle
wt81vLYZCoA-00085-00026983-00027240 soonest see and Sewer II proposed a
wt81vLYZCoA-00086-00027241-00027462 knowledge lifecycle to create and
wt81vLYZCoA-00087-00027463-00027720 maintain individual and organizational
wt81vLYZCoA-00088-00027722-00028114 learning in the organization create new
wt81vLYZCoA-00089-00028114-00028560 knowledge identify new knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00090-00028561-00028935 identify old and existing knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00091-00028936-00029164 identify knowledge relevant to
wt81vLYZCoA-00092-00029165-00029364 organization
wt81vLYZCoA-00093-00029366-00029782 verify selected knowledge capture an
wt81vLYZCoA-00094-00029783-00030154 organized knowledge disseminate and use
wt81vLYZCoA-00095-00030155-00030511 knowledge combine new knowledge and
wt81vLYZCoA-00096-00030512-00030733 re-evaluate assumptions to create
wt81vLYZCoA-00097-00030733-00031036 knowledge at CKO should actively manage
wt81vLYZCoA-00098-00031037-00031285 all stages of the knowledge lifecycle
wt81vLYZCoA-00099-00031286-00031539 but most importantly encourage people to
wt81vLYZCoA-00100-00031541-00031900 disseminate knowledge and to use it the
wt81vLYZCoA-00101-00031901-00032142 last step of the cycle involves
wt81vLYZCoA-00102-00032143-00032388 re-evaluating assumptions held by the
wt81vLYZCoA-00103-00032389-00032599 organization and using these new
wt81vLYZCoA-00104-00032600-00032824 assumptions with the knowledge created
wt81vLYZCoA-00105-00032825-00033049 by the organization to create new
wt81vLYZCoA-00106-00033050-00033336 knowledge this process will generate
wt81vLYZCoA-00107-00033337-00033559 innovative knowledge and allow the
wt81vLYZCoA-00108-00033560-00033787 organization to produce innovative
wt81vLYZCoA-00109-00033788-00034561 products and business processes
wt81vLYZCoA-00110-00034562-00035280 topic other CKO tasks
wt81vLYZCoA-00111-00035281-00035524 encourage individual learning and
wt81vLYZCoA-00112-00035525-00035873 innovative thinking implement reward
wt81vLYZCoA-00113-00035874-00036236 plans and incentives determine what
wt81vLYZCoA-00114-00036237-00036464 technology is needed for the knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00115-00036465-00036683 management effort and implement these
wt81vLYZCoA-00116-00036684-00037121 technologies put processes in place in
wt81vLYZCoA-00117-00037122-00037368 order to facilitate the creation of
wt81vLYZCoA-00118-00037369-00037634 organizational learning
wt81vLYZCoA-00119-00037635-00037841 measure the impact of knowledge
wt81vLYZCoA-00120-00037842-00038505 management on the business
wt81vLYZCoA-00121-00038506-00039266 topic rolls a CKO must play
wt81vLYZCoA-00122-00039267-00039815 CKO as knowledge sharing icon CKO as
wt81vLYZCoA-00123-00039816-00040360 trust steward CKO as total trainer
wt81vLYZCoA-00124-00040361-00040889 CKO as techno nerd CKO as number
wt81vLYZCoA-00125-00040890-00041216 crunching accountant
wv4uEV9yLzo-00000-00000394-00002741 [Music]
wv4uEV9yLzo-00001-00002742-00004967 [Music]
wv4uEV9yLzo-00002-00004968-00005677 [Music]
wv4uEV9yLzo-00003-00005678-00008566 [Music]
wv4uEV9yLzo-00004-00008567-00010087 [Music]
wv4uEV9yLzo-00005-00010088-00011127 [Music]
wv4uEV9yLzo-00006-00011128-00011336 you
w-S9VZMEkjM-00000-00000448-00000734 this week this is a early intermediate
w-S9VZMEkjM-00001-00000735-00000999 uh videocast and the suggestion comes
w-S9VZMEkjM-00002-00001000-00001143 from mimo
w-S9VZMEkjM-00003-00001144-00001447 mimo mimo
w-S9VZMEkjM-00004-00001448-00003999 that's a nice
w-S9VZMEkjM-00005-00004000-00004095 um
w-S9VZMEkjM-00006-00004096-00004247 give me some
w-S9VZMEkjM-00007-00004248-00004431 give me some memos i don't know how i've
w-S9VZMEkjM-00008-00004432-00004670 never used it in english
w-S9VZMEkjM-00009-00004671-00004822 it's just something you don't say in
w-S9VZMEkjM-00010-00004823-00005047 english
w-S9VZMEkjM-00011-00005048-00005367 we're so cold you see in english
w-S9VZMEkjM-00012-00005368-00005551 give me some give me some love give me
w-S9VZMEkjM-00013-00005552-00005911 some love okay give me some love
w-S9VZMEkjM-00014-00005912-00006086 give me some
w-S9VZMEkjM-00015-00006087-00006311 give me some
w-S9VZMEkjM-00016-00006312-00007039 petting patting petty
w-S9VZMEkjM-00017-00007040-00007239 spanish memos
w-S9VZMEkjM-00018-00007240-00007495 are much better than english petting
w-S9VZMEkjM-00019-00007495-00007719 okay spanish memos
w-S9VZMEkjM-00020-00007720-00007967 if you really want to know how to live
w-S9VZMEkjM-00021-00007968-00008127 if you really want to know what life is
w-S9VZMEkjM-00022-00008128-00008271 all about
w-S9VZMEkjM-00023-00008272-00008495 get a spanish partner and i'm not
w-S9VZMEkjM-00024-00008496-00008646 talking about men
w-S9VZMEkjM-00025-00008647-00008831 right because i i haven't got experience
w-S9VZMEkjM-00026-00008832-00009014 in that department
w-S9VZMEkjM-00027-00009015-00009183 that's good yeah good news i'm talking
w-S9VZMEkjM-00028-00009184-00009319 about
w-S9VZMEkjM-00029-00009320-00009663 a spanish word if you like mimos
w-S9VZMEkjM-00030-00009664-00009759 yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00031-00009760-00009959 yeah very good at that i like me
w-S9VZMEkjM-00032-00009960-00010287 so let's coming back to mimo's question
w-S9VZMEkjM-00033-00010288-00010463 he she i don't know whether it's male or
w-S9VZMEkjM-00034-00010464-00010719 female mimo uh wants to know about
w-S9VZMEkjM-00035-00010720-00010927 sonjar
w-S9VZMEkjM-00036-00010928-00011183 yeah i answered him or her sorry i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00037-00011184-00011735 answered okay
w-S9VZMEkjM-00038-00011736-00011967 with any other preposition exactly is
w-S9VZMEkjM-00039-00011968-00012183 that the question yeah remember so we'll
w-S9VZMEkjM-00040-00012184-00012310 just do this
w-S9VZMEkjM-00041-00012311-00012478 in in a lesson
w-S9VZMEkjM-00042-00012479-00012670 and also
w-S9VZMEkjM-00043-00012671-00012902 answer him as well oh i think it's him
w-S9VZMEkjM-00044-00012903-00013102 because mimo sounds
w-S9VZMEkjM-00045-00013103-00013399 male to me well because of the old yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00046-00013400-00013575 yeah okay
w-S9VZMEkjM-00047-00013576-00013791 oh yeah this is the introduction
w-S9VZMEkjM-00048-00013791-00014151 reduction in
w-S9VZMEkjM-00049-00014152-00014524 [Applause]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00050-00014525-00015575 [Music]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00051-00015576-00015775 is to what
w-S9VZMEkjM-00052-00015776-00015966 to dream to dream
w-S9VZMEkjM-00053-00015968-00016119 yeah and it's actually
w-S9VZMEkjM-00054-00016119-00016294 the verb sonia
w-S9VZMEkjM-00055-00016295-00016447 in english has been a challenge for
w-S9VZMEkjM-00056-00016448-00016607 cynthia for the last
w-S9VZMEkjM-00057-00016608-00016943 uh 19 years or whatever 18 years yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00058-00016944-00017047 yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00059-00017048-00017239 no no
w-S9VZMEkjM-00060-00017240-00017535 the preposition in english because
w-S9VZMEkjM-00061-00017536-00017967 oh god i think in spanish we dream with
w-S9VZMEkjM-00062-00017968-00018247 something or someone yeah dream with but
w-S9VZMEkjM-00063-00018248-00018591 in english you said to me
w-S9VZMEkjM-00064-00018592-00018719 you can't say that because that would
w-S9VZMEkjM-00065-00018720-00018871 mean that you had to be with the person
w-S9VZMEkjM-00066-00018872-00019135 dreaming together
w-S9VZMEkjM-00067-00019136-00019319 i remember cynthia
w-S9VZMEkjM-00068-00019320-00019471 when she came to visit me the first week
w-S9VZMEkjM-00069-00019472-00019567 she said
w-S9VZMEkjM-00070-00019568-00019911 i dreamt with you last night
w-S9VZMEkjM-00071-00019912-00020135 really
w-S9VZMEkjM-00072-00020136-00020327 i'm not aware of that
w-S9VZMEkjM-00073-00020328-00020767 i didn't feel it
w-S9VZMEkjM-00074-00020768-00021039 was a very subtle dreaming with
w-S9VZMEkjM-00075-00021040-00021263 but so the question that name has got is
w-S9VZMEkjM-00076-00021264-00021583 is it always with con sonia um that's
w-S9VZMEkjM-00077-00021584-00021758 the preposition it takes but you can
w-S9VZMEkjM-00078-00021759-00021991 make other sentences that don't require
w-S9VZMEkjM-00079-00021992-00022263 the preposition like in english i dreamt
w-S9VZMEkjM-00080-00022264-00022358 that
w-S9VZMEkjM-00081-00022359-00022511 i was
w-S9VZMEkjM-00082-00022512-00022703 on a beach somewhere
w-S9VZMEkjM-00083-00022704-00022894 yeah so that wouldn't say that wouldn't
w-S9VZMEkjM-00084-00022895-00023135 require the con like in english so how
w-S9VZMEkjM-00085-00023136-00023911 would that be then in spanish
w-S9VZMEkjM-00086-00023912-00024142 something happened but to dream
w-S9VZMEkjM-00087-00024143-00024327 um of
w-S9VZMEkjM-00088-00024328-00024471 oh about
w-S9VZMEkjM-00089-00024472-00024791 or about something or someone is to
w-S9VZMEkjM-00090-00024792-00025063 dream with sonja
w-S9VZMEkjM-00091-00025064-00025207 okay
w-S9VZMEkjM-00092-00025208-00025430 just let's pause for a moment because
w-S9VZMEkjM-00093-00025431-00025711 that's interesting to dream about
w-S9VZMEkjM-00094-00025712-00025950 to dream about something is like fantasy
w-S9VZMEkjM-00095-00025951-00026223 for us i was dreaming about going on
w-S9VZMEkjM-00096-00026224-00026495 holiday yeah right yes that's not having
w-S9VZMEkjM-00097-00026495-00026670 a dream when you sleep that is
w-S9VZMEkjM-00098-00026672-00026846 fantasizing yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00099-00026847-00027007 so you can say that as well would you
w-S9VZMEkjM-00100-00027008-00027295 also say
w-S9VZMEkjM-00101-00027295-00027631 right okay like i dream about going yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00102-00027632-00027767 like daydreaming i guess or whatever
w-S9VZMEkjM-00103-00027768-00028223 yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00104-00028224-00028358 i don't even like the beach that much
w-S9VZMEkjM-00105-00028360-00028535 but i love blood yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00106-00028536-00028670 yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00107-00028672-00028823 so when you're going
w-S9VZMEkjM-00108-00028824-00029183 okay i dream about the day in which way
w-S9VZMEkjM-00109-00029183-00029423 yes so it's not literally a dream it
w-S9VZMEkjM-00110-00029424-00029639 could be like a
w-S9VZMEkjM-00111-00029639-00029862 a purpose thing that you want yeah like
w-S9VZMEkjM-00112-00029863-00030023 something okay all right so that so it
w-S9VZMEkjM-00113-00030024-00030295 fits for either i i'm dreaming of
w-S9VZMEkjM-00114-00030295-00030495 fantasizing or i'm dreaming i'm dreaming
w-S9VZMEkjM-00115-00030495-00030718 about yeah actually in the sleep yeah so
w-S9VZMEkjM-00116-00030719-00031062 we have sonia de sperto which is to to
w-S9VZMEkjM-00117-00031063-00031318 dream awake which is to daydream
w-S9VZMEkjM-00118-00031319-00031502 daydream yeah to dream awake we say
w-S9VZMEkjM-00119-00031503-00031783 sonia de sperto yeah and then we also
w-S9VZMEkjM-00120-00031783-00032206 have uh un sueno lucido
w-S9VZMEkjM-00121-00032207-00032823 [Laughter]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00122-00032824-00033046 true or not absolutely yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00123-00033047-00033255 we're talking about i'll explain luffy
w-S9VZMEkjM-00124-00033256-00033583 though
w-S9VZMEkjM-00125-00033584-00033727 explain the other one because you're
w-S9VZMEkjM-00126-00033728-00033943 more used to that one
w-S9VZMEkjM-00127-00033944-00034048 uh lucy though
w-S9VZMEkjM-00128-00034049-00034583 [Laughter]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00129-00034584-00034774 is it it's lucid dreams you're dreaming
w-S9VZMEkjM-00130-00034775-00034967 yeah also when you're
w-S9VZMEkjM-00131-00034968-00035711 a baby don't know
w-S9VZMEkjM-00132-00035712-00035943 so that you can
w-S9VZMEkjM-00133-00035944-00036062 guess
w-S9VZMEkjM-00134-00036063-00036271 where gordon was heading with her i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00135-00036272-00036407 didn't mention
w-S9VZMEkjM-00136-00036408-00036718 it didn't even occur to me
w-S9VZMEkjM-00137-00036719-00036959 what else do we have with sueno
w-S9VZMEkjM-00138-00036960-00037143 um
w-S9VZMEkjM-00139-00037144-00037383 i think that's it yeah mm-hmm i think so
w-S9VZMEkjM-00140-00037384-00037502 yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00141-00037503-00039279 oh and then we can say tengo mucho sueno
w-S9VZMEkjM-00142-00039280-00039455 when you're sleepy yeah when you're
w-S9VZMEkjM-00143-00039456-00039646 tired of doing something when you're
w-S9VZMEkjM-00144-00039647-00039887 sleepy like
w-S9VZMEkjM-00145-00039888-00040207 yeah and what about where you are sleep
w-S9VZMEkjM-00146-00040208-00040471 walking what's that called
w-S9VZMEkjM-00147-00040472-00042087 sonambulo
w-S9VZMEkjM-00148-00042088-00042311 yeah ours is more like latin more it's
w-S9VZMEkjM-00149-00042312-00042583 like cooler this is more like sleep walk
w-S9VZMEkjM-00150-00042584-00042790 like probably comes from the germanic
w-S9VZMEkjM-00151-00042791-00042939 back yeah yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00152-00042940-00043279 [Laughter]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00153-00043280-00043471 sleep walking
w-S9VZMEkjM-00154-00043472-00044107 you could
w-S9VZMEkjM-00155-00044108-00045302 [Music]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00156-00045303-00045390 again
w-S9VZMEkjM-00157-00045391-00045599 something that you wanted to achieve so
w-S9VZMEkjM-00158-00045600-00045846 to achieve a dream dream but that's the
w-S9VZMEkjM-00159-00045847-00046283 dream of i'm dreaming of doing this
w-S9VZMEkjM-00160-00046284-00046502 yeah um
w-S9VZMEkjM-00161-00046503-00046758 not to be confused with the verb
w-S9VZMEkjM-00162-00046759-00046902 sonar
w-S9VZMEkjM-00163-00046903-00047062 no sonar
w-S9VZMEkjM-00164-00047063-00047255 is to sound
w-S9VZMEkjM-00165-00047256-00047479 or to be familiar
w-S9VZMEkjM-00166-00047480-00048111 and sonia with a nie is
w-S9VZMEkjM-00167-00048112-00048343 yeah yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00168-00048344-00048511 but they're both conjugate in the in the
w-S9VZMEkjM-00169-00048512-00048758 same way the o becomes um
w-S9VZMEkjM-00170-00048759-00050007 uh ue see
w-S9VZMEkjM-00171-00050008-00050143 yeah and what's the preposition that
w-S9VZMEkjM-00172-00050144-00050483 goes with sonat just uh
w-S9VZMEkjM-00173-00050484-00050639 chuena
w-S9VZMEkjM-00174-00050640-00050871 yeah it's one of that family of the of
w-S9VZMEkjM-00175-00050872-00051062 the smells of
w-S9VZMEkjM-00176-00051063-00051230 sounds like
w-S9VZMEkjM-00177-00051232-00051438 taste of which is all
w-S9VZMEkjM-00178-00051439-00051775 you can use
w-S9VZMEkjM-00179-00051776-00052046 you sound to me and that means do you
w-S9VZMEkjM-00180-00052047-00052294 ring a bell you ring a bell
w-S9VZMEkjM-00181-00052295-00052566 you're familiar yeah you look familiar
w-S9VZMEkjM-00182-00052567-00052638 or
w-S9VZMEkjM-00183-00052639-00052766 something sounds familiar it looks
w-S9VZMEkjM-00184-00052767-00052926 familiar or something
w-S9VZMEkjM-00185-00052927-00053175 yeah you you ring a bell you ready
w-S9VZMEkjM-00186-00053176-00053342 you sound
w-S9VZMEkjM-00187-00053344-00053559 me to me yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00188-00053560-00053775 you sound to me yeah yeah yeah you're we
w-S9VZMEkjM-00189-00053776-00054054 can say your face rings a bell yeah yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00190-00054055-00054230 i don't but when it's like the same kind
w-S9VZMEkjM-00191-00054232-00054542 of exactly something with the sound yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00192-00054544-00055423 yeah you might win us
w-S9VZMEkjM-00193-00055424-00055694 but with you i i dreamed about you i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00194-00055695-00057375 dreamt about you is contigo contigo yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00195-00057376-00057607 so if a spanish person does say to you i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00196-00057608-00057782 dreamt with you last night just roll
w-S9VZMEkjM-00197-00057783-00057991 with them yes oh that's nice and then
w-S9VZMEkjM-00198-00057991-00058319 that's how you learn that way
w-S9VZMEkjM-00199-00058320-00058494 yeah it's a good way of learning ah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00200-00058495-00059607 that's how you say in your language
w-S9VZMEkjM-00201-00059608-00061711 and now a word from our sponsorship
w-S9VZMEkjM-00202-00061712-00061926 greg is from canada
w-S9VZMEkjM-00203-00061927-00062191 yeah greg is from canada
w-S9VZMEkjM-00204-00062191-00062423 i just thought i'd say canada okay
w-S9VZMEkjM-00205-00062424-00062647 and you can tell that because of the out
w-S9VZMEkjM-00206-00062648-00062799 sound that's the only way i can know
w-S9VZMEkjM-00207-00062800-00062950 that somebody's from canada is with the
w-S9VZMEkjM-00208-00062951-00063230 way that they do the bite about rather
w-S9VZMEkjM-00209-00063232-00063303 than
w-S9VZMEkjM-00210-00063304-00063550 yeah that's something else about yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00211-00063551-00063671 uh that's the only way i know that
w-S9VZMEkjM-00212-00063672-00063830 somebody's from canada so if they don't
w-S9VZMEkjM-00213-00063832-00063982 say that word
w-S9VZMEkjM-00214-00063983-00064206 at all you wouldn't know but we know
w-S9VZMEkjM-00215-00064207-00064430 what's interesting every time i listen
w-S9VZMEkjM-00216-00064432-00064679 to somebody it's incredible how many out
w-S9VZMEkjM-00217-00064679-00064854 words come out they're nearly always
w-S9VZMEkjM-00218-00064855-00064991 there
w-S9VZMEkjM-00219-00064991-00065287 and and i think canada i don't think i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00220-00065288-00065550 don't think they can even distinguish
w-S9VZMEkjM-00221-00065551-00065711 between themselves
w-S9VZMEkjM-00222-00065712-00065791 like
w-S9VZMEkjM-00223-00065792-00066063 u.s and canada only with the your ut as
w-S9VZMEkjM-00224-00066064-00066255 far as i know but i mean there are other
w-S9VZMEkjM-00225-00066256-00066487 things as well but the oil stands out
w-S9VZMEkjM-00226-00066488-00066775 that's the one that i got
w-S9VZMEkjM-00227-00066776-00066991 got you there
w-S9VZMEkjM-00228-00066992-00067335 canada i feel really smug
w-S9VZMEkjM-00229-00067336-00067487 identified
w-S9VZMEkjM-00230-00067488-00067655 cynthia and i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00231-00067656-00067943 quite a long time ago now we produced uh
w-S9VZMEkjM-00232-00067944-00068206 help sheets for all of the first series
w-S9VZMEkjM-00233-00068207-00068335 of 40
w-S9VZMEkjM-00234-00068336-00068567 um video casts that we did
w-S9VZMEkjM-00235-00068568-00068855 and so we've got this bank of
w-S9VZMEkjM-00236-00068856-00069063 um basically what it is we we do these
w-S9VZMEkjM-00237-00069064-00069287 short ten minute videos
w-S9VZMEkjM-00238-00069288-00069479 but we back them up with lots and lots
w-S9VZMEkjM-00239-00069480-00069743 of help or these the last august day i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00240-00069744-00070047 do that yeah and so we've got basically
w-S9VZMEkjM-00241-00070048-00070215 for every lesson that we've done in the
w-S9VZMEkjM-00242-00070216-00070431 first 40 so that's uh
w-S9VZMEkjM-00243-00070432-00070631 160 lessons
w-S9VZMEkjM-00244-00070632-00070847 we've got a help sheet that goes with it
w-S9VZMEkjM-00245-00070848-00071031 so if you want when you when you're
w-S9VZMEkjM-00246-00071032-00071238 watching the the video cast and if you
w-S9VZMEkjM-00247-00071239-00071343 go through
w-S9VZMEkjM-00248-00071344-00071535 to get to know what we've actually got
w-S9VZMEkjM-00249-00071536-00071871 available the best page to go to is is i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00250-00071872-00072055 i'll show you it now
w-S9VZMEkjM-00251-00072056-00072303 go here and you'll see everything that's
w-S9VZMEkjM-00252-00072304-00072479 available right because it's quite
w-S9VZMEkjM-00253-00072480-00072647 difficult on youtube to find everything
w-S9VZMEkjM-00254-00072648-00072943 in the right order etc yeah so once you
w-S9VZMEkjM-00255-00072944-00073079 know what's there
w-S9VZMEkjM-00256-00073080-00073167 then
w-S9VZMEkjM-00257-00073168-00073350 everything that we've got there we have
w-S9VZMEkjM-00258-00073351-00073599 a help sheet for for every lesson
w-S9VZMEkjM-00259-00073600-00073735 and so you can help
w-S9VZMEkjM-00260-00073736-00073991 yourself if you if you're beginning
w-S9VZMEkjM-00261-00073992-00074182 wherever you are whether you're early in
w-S9VZMEkjM-00262-00074183-00074375 the media beginner advanced intermediate
w-S9VZMEkjM-00263-00074376-00074550 or advanced there's a there's a help
w-S9VZMEkjM-00264-00074551-00074750 sheet that goes with it okay so they're
w-S9VZMEkjM-00265-00074751-00074911 available and all you have to do is go
w-S9VZMEkjM-00266-00074912-00075087 to the store and look for help sheets
w-S9VZMEkjM-00267-00075088-00075279 and you'll find it yeah
w-S9VZMEkjM-00268-00075280-00075671 anything to say on help sheet cynthia
w-S9VZMEkjM-00269-00075672-00076055 no that it was a lot of work
w-S9VZMEkjM-00270-00076056-00076326 and that gordon
w-S9VZMEkjM-00271-00076327-00076455 uh
w-S9VZMEkjM-00272-00076456-00076575 lost
w-S9VZMEkjM-00273-00076576-00076871 about 20 and i had to redo the
w-S9VZMEkjM-00274-00076872-00076982 generation
w-S9VZMEkjM-00275-00076983-00077223 honestly he lost about 20. and he was
w-S9VZMEkjM-00276-00077224-00077535 such a lot of work that he lost
w-S9VZMEkjM-00277-00077536-00077711 and he said you're going to have to do
w-S9VZMEkjM-00278-00077712-00078015 them again so i in fact i need more
w-S9VZMEkjM-00279-00078016-00078150 you can see let me tell you something
w-S9VZMEkjM-00280-00078151-00078391 that happened okay
w-S9VZMEkjM-00281-00078392-00078526 in all of the time that cynthia and i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00282-00078527-00078679 have been together we've had this
w-S9VZMEkjM-00283-00078680-00079023 ongoing battle of work not work okay
w-S9VZMEkjM-00284-00079024-00079367 work from my end trying to push to do
w-S9VZMEkjM-00285-00079368-00079591 stuff and not work from cynthia's end
w-S9VZMEkjM-00286-00079592-00079967 trying to stop me from pushing
w-S9VZMEkjM-00287-00079968-00080143 and
w-S9VZMEkjM-00288-00080144-00080438 and what happened was um we did these we
w-S9VZMEkjM-00289-00080439-00080631 did 160 podcasts obviously we were doing
w-S9VZMEkjM-00290-00080632-00080815 the help cheese as we went and it was a
w-S9VZMEkjM-00291-00080816-00080975 tremendous amount of work i mean you
w-S9VZMEkjM-00292-00080976-00081143 can't begin to imagine how much work was
w-S9VZMEkjM-00293-00081144-00081399 involved in it and then we finished them
w-S9VZMEkjM-00294-00081400-00081606 and finally cynthia said to me we
w-S9VZMEkjM-00295-00081607-00081838 finished gordon i never
w-S9VZMEkjM-00296-00081839-00081875 ever
w-S9VZMEkjM-00297-00081876-00082038 [Laughter]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00298-00082039-00082255 want to do that work again
w-S9VZMEkjM-00299-00082256-00082479 and truly that was a word i've got the
w-S9VZMEkjM-00300-00082480-00083199 ingredients tattooed on the skin also
w-S9VZMEkjM-00301-00083200-00083382 that's enough do something write some
w-S9VZMEkjM-00302-00083383-00083430 books
w-S9VZMEkjM-00303-00083431-00083582 [Laughter]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00304-00083583-00083838 never mind dragging me into it right so
w-S9VZMEkjM-00305-00083839-00083950 then
w-S9VZMEkjM-00306-00083951-00084175 what happened was a while ago we decided
w-S9VZMEkjM-00307-00084176-00084423 to start the video casts again and
w-S9VZMEkjM-00308-00084424-00084567 cynthia i said to cynthia i was thinking
w-S9VZMEkjM-00309-00084568-00084703 about starting the video cash because i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00310-00084704-00084764 don't want to do them
w-S9VZMEkjM-00311-00084765-00084943 [Laughter]
w-S9VZMEkjM-00312-00084944-00085215 and i said i could see i could see what
w-S9VZMEkjM-00313-00085216-00085350 was coming
w-S9VZMEkjM-00314-00085351-00085631 behind that that suggestion i could see
w-S9VZMEkjM-00315-00085632-00085855 that probably after we wrestled about on
w-S9VZMEkjM-00316-00085856-00085991 the floor for a bit
w-S9VZMEkjM-00317-00085992-00086303 and we only agreed to do them on the
w-S9VZMEkjM-00318-00086304-00086526 premise that i wouldn't make cynthia do
w-S9VZMEkjM-00319-00086527-00086799 any more help sheets
w-S9VZMEkjM-00320-00086800-00087047 hence the fact and the thing is really i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00321-00087048-00087199 don't have time
w-S9VZMEkjM-00322-00087200-00087359 i don't have the time i don't know but
w-S9VZMEkjM-00323-00087360-00087479 we have but
w-S9VZMEkjM-00324-00087480-00087647 when we did the help sheets we didn't
w-S9VZMEkjM-00325-00087648-00087879 have socio
w-S9VZMEkjM-00326-00087880-00088111 so i worked on the help sheets but now i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00327-00088112-00088359 work on on the socios that's true so
w-S9VZMEkjM-00328-00088360-00088535 every week i i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00329-00088536-00088623 write
w-S9VZMEkjM-00330-00088624-00088750 the transcription i write the
w-S9VZMEkjM-00331-00088751-00089071 translation i do homework for the socios
w-S9VZMEkjM-00332-00089072-00089359 so i kind of do the help sheets
w-S9VZMEkjM-00333-00089360-00089494 more or less
w-S9VZMEkjM-00334-00089495-00089782 but for the socials yeah yeah so i i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00335-00089783-00089999 thought well if they want that they
w-S9VZMEkjM-00336-00090000-00090255 could join
w-S9VZMEkjM-00337-00090256-00090479 yeah that was my my thought and there
w-S9VZMEkjM-00338-00090480-00090831 are five five years worth of lessons two
w-S9VZMEkjM-00339-00090832-00091087 lessons a week for five years we have
w-S9VZMEkjM-00340-00091088-00091326 the biggest bank of lessons
w-S9VZMEkjM-00341-00091327-00091503 it's incredible how much is that plus i
w-S9VZMEkjM-00342-00091504-00091782 have the book clubs as well i know i it
w-S9VZMEkjM-00343-00091783-00091975 wasn't the criticism honey it was just
w-S9VZMEkjM-00344-00091976-00092071 just to let you know that it's
w-S9VZMEkjM-00345-00092072-00092223 interesting just just to throw it in
w-S9VZMEkjM-00346-00092224-00092350 there
w-S9VZMEkjM-00347-00092351-00092575 she'll be working hard
w-S9VZMEkjM-00348-00092576-00092871 just the idea of then doing another 160
w-S9VZMEkjM-00349-00092872-00093038 help sheets i think would she would
w-S9VZMEkjM-00350-00093039-00093326 disappear in a cloud of smoke
w-S9VZMEkjM-00351-00093327-00093543 every time gordon says to me comes to me
w-S9VZMEkjM-00352-00093544-00093662 and says
w-S9VZMEkjM-00353-00093663-00093926 uh i've been thinking oh i'm like
w-S9VZMEkjM-00354-00093927-00094118 work it's never
w-S9VZMEkjM-00355-00094119-00094318 let's go on holiday never let's have
w-S9VZMEkjM-00356-00094319-00094526 this weekend so let's go somewhere this
w-S9VZMEkjM-00357-00094527-00094759 weekend let's do this with the kids
w-S9VZMEkjM-00358-00094760-00095006 never in 17 years we've been together
w-S9VZMEkjM-00359-00095007-00095215 every time he said to me
w-S9VZMEkjM-00360-00095216-00095623 i've got an idea i my brain goes work
w-S9VZMEkjM-00361-00095624-00095799 what do i have to do
w-S9VZMEkjM-00362-00095800-00095935 it's work
w-S9VZMEkjM-00363-00095936-00096318 it's more work
w-S9VZMEkjM-00364-00096319-00096462 somebody's got to do never a holiday
w-S9VZMEkjM-00365-00096463-00096703 somebody got to do it it's never a trip
w-S9VZMEkjM-00366-00096704-00096879 so there we have it i don't know quite
w-S9VZMEkjM-00367-00096880-00097071 how we ended up down this road but now
w-S9VZMEkjM-00368-00097072-00097271 you know the back the back story to our
w-S9VZMEkjM-00369-00097272-00097815 help sheets
w-S9VZMEkjM-00370-00097816-00098512 bamboos
w-S9VZMEkjM-00371-00098513-00098980 [Music]
w_IVQzCFa2M-00000-00000005-00000233 welcome to the endless knot podcast
w_IVQzCFa2M-00001-00000234-00000473 where the more we know the more we want
w_IVQzCFa2M-00002-00000474-00000559 to find out
w_IVQzCFa2M-00003-00000560-00000682 chasing serendipitous connections
w_IVQzCFa2M-00004-00000683-00001667 through our lives across disciplines hi
w_IVQzCFa2M-00005-00001668-00001904 I'm Evan and I'm mark and today we're
w_IVQzCFa2M-00006-00001905-00002122 talking about Rome and how republics die
w_IVQzCFa2M-00007-00002123-00002375 we have the pleasure of speaking with
w_IVQzCFa2M-00008-00002376-00002584 dr. Edward Watts author of the new book
w_IVQzCFa2M-00009-00002585-00002837 mortal Republic how Rome fell into
w_IVQzCFa2M-00010-00002838-00003062 tyranny available now edie holds
w_IVQzCFa2M-00011-00003063-00003350 alkaviva is vasiliy a DS endowed chair
w_IVQzCFa2M-00012-00003351-00003494 and it's professor of history at the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00013-00003495-00003677 university of california san diego and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00014-00003678-00003977 former director of the UCSD Center for
w_IVQzCFa2M-00015-00003978-00004186 Hellenic studies he has a number of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00016-00004187-00004372 previous books covering education in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00017-00004373-00004559 late and decrease conflict between
w_IVQzCFa2M-00018-00004560-00004763 pagans and Christians in Alexandria the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00019-00004764-00005015 final pagan generation in the turmoil of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00020-00005016-00005236 the fourth century and happy she the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00021-00005237-00005461 famous female philosopher of Alexandria
w_IVQzCFa2M-00022-00005462-00005713 mortal Republic traces the end of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00023-00005714-00005881 Roman Republic from its seeming
w_IVQzCFa2M-00024-00005882-00006170 stability in the 3rd century BC through
w_IVQzCFa2M-00025-00006171-00006356 the turmoil of the grokken period and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00026-00006357-00006571 the social and civil wars of the 1st
w_IVQzCFa2M-00027-00006572-00006800 century to the rise of Octavian to the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00028-00006801-00007084 position of Augustus in a clear readable
w_IVQzCFa2M-00029-00007086-00007267 way that makes it comprehensible to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00030-00007268-00007448 those without a background in the period
w_IVQzCFa2M-00031-00007448-00007699 so welcome ed and thank you so much for
w_IVQzCFa2M-00032-00007700-00007898 speaking with us today oh thank you so
w_IVQzCFa2M-00033-00007898-00008110 much it's a real pleasure so just to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00034-00008111-00008327 start off I was looking at as I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00035-00008328-00008507 described at your previous work and it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00036-00008508-00008749 generally focused on middle and late
w_IVQzCFa2M-00037-00008750-00009008 antiquity but it's also clear that you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00038-00009009-00009155 tend to be interested in periods of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00039-00009156-00009385 transition and change from one societal
w_IVQzCFa2M-00040-00009386-00009671 context to another so what inspired you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00041-00009672-00009964 to write this book in particular there's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00042-00009965-00010112 actually a couple of things one of them
w_IVQzCFa2M-00043-00010113-00010356 is is sort of purely like deep dive
w_IVQzCFa2M-00044-00010357-00010658 scholarly I'm working on a project that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00045-00010659-00010916 is looking at processes of sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00046-00010917-00011141 creation of a sensibility of being roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00047-00011142-00011420 between the first century and the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00048-00011421-00011567 project will conclude in the ninth
w_IVQzCFa2M-00049-00011568-00011906 century and I was reading a lot of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00050-00011907-00012160 second century figures like Appian who
w_IVQzCFa2M-00051-00012161-00012302 deal in Plutarch who deal with
w_IVQzCFa2M-00052-00012303-00012553 Republican history and become very
w_IVQzCFa2M-00053-00012554-00012677 interested in the way that they're sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00054-00012678-00012880 of conceiving of this Republican history
w_IVQzCFa2M-00055-00012881-00013118 in Rome and Republicans sort of contexts
w_IVQzCFa2M-00056-00013119-00013313 as something that they both kind of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00057-00013313-00013688 own and also sort of struggle with and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00058-00013688-00013997 was doing this work during the the sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00059-00013997-00014156 of period in 2016
w_IVQzCFa2M-00060-00014157-00014465 leading up to the election of Trump and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00061-00014466-00014765 what I was noticing of course not
w_IVQzCFa2M-00062-00014766-00014915 expecting that the Trump would be
w_IVQzCFa2M-00063-00014916-00015146 elected was a lot of the sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00064-00015147-00015491 processes that these later Greek figures
w_IVQzCFa2M-00065-00015491-00015721 were sort of struggling to understand
w_IVQzCFa2M-00066-00015722-00015974 started sort of appearing in in the way
w_IVQzCFa2M-00067-00015975-00016166 the US political dynamics were sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00068-00016166-00016493 unfolding as well and in particular this
w_IVQzCFa2M-00069-00016494-00016853 this sort of tendency among certain
w_IVQzCFa2M-00070-00016854-00017059 leaders of the later republic to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00071-00017060-00017366 basically obstruct and kind of gum up
w_IVQzCFa2M-00072-00017367-00017591 the functioning of the Republican system
w_IVQzCFa2M-00073-00017592-00017837 not to sort of generate any kind of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00074-00017838-00018059 consensus or sort of move debate or move
w_IVQzCFa2M-00075-00018060-00018314 policy forward but simply because they
w_IVQzCFa2M-00076-00018315-00018518 were trying to block the interests of an
w_IVQzCFa2M-00077-00018519-00018824 individual whose policies are whose sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00078-00018825-00019044 of profile they they disagreed with and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00079-00019045-00019325 what I was seeing was there was a lot of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00080-00019326-00019598 this going on in 2016 and if Clinton had
w_IVQzCFa2M-00081-00019599-00019835 won that would have been the dominant
w_IVQzCFa2M-00082-00019836-00020194 narrative in US politics as well so I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00083-00020195-00020468 started sort of transitioning to this
w_IVQzCFa2M-00084-00020469-00020771 book as a way to sort of use the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00085-00020772-00021032 examples of the Roman past to encourage
w_IVQzCFa2M-00086-00021033-00021206 people to think about the consequences
w_IVQzCFa2M-00087-00021207-00021521 of that kind of behavior in a political
w_IVQzCFa2M-00088-00021522-00021788 system that has institutions designed to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00089-00021789-00022108 promote kind of consensus and compromise
w_IVQzCFa2M-00090-00022109-00022322 but I think what Rome shows is when
w_IVQzCFa2M-00091-00022323-00022565 those institutions are misused for a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00092-00022566-00022975 sort of personal gain there they can be
w_IVQzCFa2M-00093-00022976-00023144 used in that way but it's not what
w_IVQzCFa2M-00094-00023145-00023336 they're intended to do and there's all
w_IVQzCFa2M-00095-00023337-00023567 sorts of problems for the system if
w_IVQzCFa2M-00096-00023568-00023852 these tools are deliberately misused by
w_IVQzCFa2M-00097-00023853-00024056 individuals to promote their own
w_IVQzCFa2M-00098-00024057-00024239 personal agenda instead of the sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00099-00024240-00024542 larger good of the society that's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00100-00024543-00024812 interesting so you'll be sort of looking
w_IVQzCFa2M-00101-00024813-00025118 at how the understanding of that period
w_IVQzCFa2M-00102-00025119-00025484 of transition changed over the years you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00103-00025485-00025718 know from you know just shortly after
w_IVQzCFa2M-00104-00025719-00025994 that that transition from a republic to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00105-00025995-00026215 you know hundreds of years later and how
w_IVQzCFa2M-00106-00026216-00026551 you know they conceived of what
w_IVQzCFa2M-00107-00026552-00026806 yeah the larger project
w_IVQzCFa2M-00108-00026807-00026989 I think what's particularly interesting
w_IVQzCFa2M-00109-00026989-00027171 is you have these figures in the second
w_IVQzCFa2M-00110-00027172-00027532 century who are Greek Greek speaking
w_IVQzCFa2M-00111-00027533-00027708 from all around the eastern
w_IVQzCFa2M-00112-00027710-00028060 Mediterranean who basically say that my
w_IVQzCFa2M-00113-00028061-00028237 heritage as you know Greek speaking
w_IVQzCFa2M-00114-00028238-00028437 native of Alexandria or Greek speaking
w_IVQzCFa2M-00115-00028438-00028786 native of Chaeronea there's a Greek
w_IVQzCFa2M-00116-00028787-00028908 heritage but there's also a Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00117-00028910-00029083 heritage and Roman history is my history
w_IVQzCFa2M-00118-00029083-00029506 and understanding kind of the process by
w_IVQzCFa2M-00119-00029507-00029761 which Roman history became my history is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00120-00029762-00030070 important and so what that means is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00121-00030070-00030420 these figures who are really Roman in an
w_IVQzCFa2M-00122-00030422-00030658 imperial context and in particular in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00123-00030658-00030826 the sort of great stability of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00124-00030827-00031054 Antonine era they have to deal with the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00125-00031055-00031293 Republican history that you know their
w_IVQzCFa2M-00126-00031294-00031458 ancestors would not have seen as theirs
w_IVQzCFa2M-00127-00031459-00031743 ok but they do see it as theirs and the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00128-00031744-00031971 exemplary figures of the Republic are
w_IVQzCFa2M-00129-00031972-00032173 figures that they have to sort of engage
w_IVQzCFa2M-00130-00032174-00032352 with because it's part of a tradition
w_IVQzCFa2M-00131-00032353-00032605 that they identify with but it's not the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00132-00032606-00032887 only tradition they identify with and so
w_IVQzCFa2M-00133-00032888-00033199 it's a it's a sort of problematic way of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00134-00033200-00033468 conceiving of Republic because for a lot
w_IVQzCFa2M-00135-00033469-00033637 of these figures the Republic is the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00136-00033638-00033915 precursor to the empire that they belong
w_IVQzCFa2M-00137-00033916-00034225 to and that integrated them and so the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00138-00034226-00034446 Republic is something that is not it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00139-00034447-00034717 not inherently good but it's also not
w_IVQzCFa2M-00140-00034718-00034939 inherently bad and the figures who are
w_IVQzCFa2M-00141-00034940-00035218 sort of working in the Republic and sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00142-00035219-00035496 of helping precipitate the onset of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00143-00035497-00035773 Empire they also are not inherently good
w_IVQzCFa2M-00144-00035774-00035943 or bad and they're they're sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00145-00035944-00036108 figures you have to struggle with to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00146-00036109-00036433 understand and the Republican context
w_IVQzCFa2M-00147-00036434-00036646 then becomes something that you really
w_IVQzCFa2M-00148-00036647-00036910 have to think a lot about if you are a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00149-00036911-00037089 sort of writer in the second century
w_IVQzCFa2M-00150-00037090-00037324 because you can't completely embrace it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00151-00037325-00037549 but there are elements of it that you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00152-00037550-00037732 actually think are quite good and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00153-00037733-00037960 elements of the kind of free operation
w_IVQzCFa2M-00154-00037961-00038165 of the society that you think are good
w_IVQzCFa2M-00155-00038166-00038596 but not totally good and so that's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00156-00038597-00038848 that's the sort of thing that I was sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00157-00038849-00039321 of trying to work through when I decided
w_IVQzCFa2M-00158-00039322-00039544 that this actually is material that you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00159-00039545-00039730 know that I think has a larger
w_IVQzCFa2M-00160-00039731-00039844 implication
w_IVQzCFa2M-00161-00039845-00040060 and possibly as instructive for helping
w_IVQzCFa2M-00162-00040061-00040282 us think about the world that's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00163-00040283-00040558 unfolding around us okay now and now I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00164-00040559-00040708 just want to talk to you about Pluto but
w_IVQzCFa2M-00165-00040709-00041155 okay that's know that's really
w_IVQzCFa2M-00166-00041156-00041425 interesting and I like I mean because it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00167-00041426-00041551 does make me think of me dearly but you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00168-00041552-00041677 know the parallel lives and things and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00169-00041678-00041917 about this attempt to integrate Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00170-00041918-00042153 and Greek history into something
w_IVQzCFa2M-00171-00042154-00042547 coherent yeah and because they don't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00172-00042548-00042709 have the same stake and because when we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00173-00042710-00042859 you know when I think about I do lately
w_IVQzCFa2M-00174-00042860-00043189 public poetry mostly but when I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00175-00043190-00043405 about late Republican authors and early
w_IVQzCFa2M-00176-00043406-00043687 imperial authors even up to Lucan or
w_IVQzCFa2M-00177-00043688-00043888 statius or something they're dealing
w_IVQzCFa2M-00178-00043889-00044032 with the fall of the Republic very much
w_IVQzCFa2M-00179-00044033-00044386 and I do we hate the Empire or like the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00180-00044387-00044665 Empire there you have to take a position
w_IVQzCFa2M-00181-00044666-00044917 on it or what are you you know is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00182-00044918-00045127 everything the beginning of the end of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00183-00045128-00045451 everything that is good or is it the end
w_IVQzCFa2M-00184-00045452-00045574 of everything that was bad in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00185-00045575-00045799 beginning of all that is good or you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00186-00045800-00045919 know how do you end because they're
w_IVQzCFa2M-00187-00045920-00046180 they're so sort of intensely almost
w_IVQzCFa2M-00188-00046181-00046357 still fighting those fights even if
w_IVQzCFa2M-00189-00046358-00046962 they're actually lost or won or whatever
w_IVQzCFa2M-00190-00046963-00047140 perspective on it and as you say that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00191-00047141-00047278 for the Greeks it's not really a matter
w_IVQzCFa2M-00192-00047279-00047533 of I mean it is their history but at the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00193-00047534-00047713 same time they're not invested in it in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00194-00047714-00047884 the same way of feeling like it they
w_IVQzCFa2M-00195-00047885-00048043 were on one team or the other somehow
w_IVQzCFa2M-00196-00048044-00048262 yeah well I think the perfect
w_IVQzCFa2M-00197-00048263-00048466 counterpoint to that Republican and late
w_IVQzCFa2M-00198-00048467-00048622 Republican early imperial kind of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00199-00048623-00048871 struggle about what we've given
w_IVQzCFa2M-00200-00048872-00049033 something up and we've done something
w_IVQzCFa2M-00201-00049034-00049339 and was the trade worth it you know is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00202-00049340-00049516 the fact that Octavian can now ensure
w_IVQzCFa2M-00203-00049517-00049654 that we won't die and have our property
w_IVQzCFa2M-00204-00049655-00049942 confiscated worth giving up the sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00205-00049943-00050122 freedoms that we had in the Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-00206-00050123-00050242 that actually couldn't make those
w_IVQzCFa2M-00207-00050243-00050614 guarantees and what you have I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00208-00050615-00050815 that the perfect sort of second century
w_IVQzCFa2M-00209-00050816-00051106 example of the sort of intellectual
w_IVQzCFa2M-00210-00051107-00051441 struggle is a peon a peon is an
w_IVQzCFa2M-00211-00051442-00051703 Alexandrian Greek who ends up working in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00212-00051704-00052102 Rome as a sort of well as a sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00213-00052103-00052311 magistrate under Antoninus Pius and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00214-00052312-00052669 ian's history is this teleological work
w_IVQzCFa2M-00215-00052670-00052969 that actually gives an account of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00216-00052970-00053226 history of the Mediterranean in sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00217-00053227-00053493 geographically specific ways that talk
w_IVQzCFa2M-00218-00053494-00053722 about how Rome basically takes those
w_IVQzCFa2M-00219-00053723-00054079 places and absorbs them but then when
w_IVQzCFa2M-00220-00054079-00054235 the Civil War started becomes an
w_IVQzCFa2M-00221-00054236-00054480 integrative narrative where the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00222-00054481-00054654 everything is happening throughout and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00223-00054655-00054813 then the final conclusion of this was
w_IVQzCFa2M-00224-00054814-00054981 the conquest of Egypt which is his
w_IVQzCFa2M-00225-00054982-00055329 integration and then the history becomes
w_IVQzCFa2M-00226-00055330-00055585 a sort of almost classical history of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00227-00055586-00055851 the Roman Empire but the teleology is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00228-00055852-00056071 sort of moving from this disorder of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00229-00056072-00056480 Mediterranean disunity into the sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00230-00056481-00056718 bringing together of everything into the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00231-00056719-00057036 Empire and the Empire is in a sense the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00232-00057037-00057304 endpoint it's a positive because of its
w_IVQzCFa2M-00233-00057304-00057529 integrative function but when you read
w_IVQzCFa2M-00234-00057529-00057711 him for the civil wars and I think most
w_IVQzCFa2M-00235-00057712-00057886 people just read a paean for the civil
w_IVQzCFa2M-00236-00057887-00058076 wars they don't read the rest of him
w_IVQzCFa2M-00237-00058077-00058524 he's not he's not positively disposed
w_IVQzCFa2M-00238-00058525-00058731 towards the figures who are causing this
w_IVQzCFa2M-00239-00058732-00058926 and he doesn't see the civil wars as a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00240-00058927-00059236 good thing but they are a sort of point
w_IVQzCFa2M-00241-00059237-00059436 in a process that he ultimately does
w_IVQzCFa2M-00242-00059437-00059754 think is a good thing and I think that's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00243-00059755-00060103 the you know that's the sort of when you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00244-00060104-00060375 move a hundred years forward and you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00245-00060376-00060721 move out of the sort of almost agony of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00246-00060722-00061009 making choices about being free in one
w_IVQzCFa2M-00247-00061010-00061301 sense and being free in another sense
w_IVQzCFa2M-00248-00061302-00061500 what you see is there's a sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00249-00061501-00061713 clarity about what the Empire actually
w_IVQzCFa2M-00250-00061714-00062031 has brought but also a feeling about you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00251-00062032-00062161 know the Republic was good there were
w_IVQzCFa2M-00252-00062162-00062446 good things about it it was very
w_IVQzCFa2M-00253-00062447-00062698 positive in some aspects but in the end
w_IVQzCFa2M-00254-00062699-00062923 the trade-off was I think to a peon at
w_IVQzCFa2M-00255-00062924-00063216 least worth it yeah I'm sorry I'm just
w_IVQzCFa2M-00256-00063217-00063409 I'm mulling over what you said because
w_IVQzCFa2M-00257-00063410-00063879 that's all very interesting in what you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00258-00063880-00064026 can gain from taking this longer
w_IVQzCFa2M-00259-00064027-00064324 perspective that you're taking into the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00260-00064325-00064488 ninth century is a very long perspective
w_IVQzCFa2M-00261-00064489-00065091 from from my position but we'll see that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00262-00065092-00065497 sweep of the whole process and where
w_IVQzCFa2M-00263-00065498-00065688 people put themselves within it where
w_IVQzCFa2M-00264-00065689-00065953 they feel that they sit inside that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00265-00065954-00066211 process it's really interesting it's a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00266-00066212-00066454 sort of thing to get back to the book
w_IVQzCFa2M-00267-00066455-00066619 that you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00268-00066620-00066829 - when you can't do this right now right
w_IVQzCFa2M-00269-00066830-00067048 we're in this moment I mean this is sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00270-00067049-00067189 of a later question I was gonna ask but
w_IVQzCFa2M-00271-00067190-00067492 it makes me think about why we why we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00272-00067493-00067702 have this impulse to look to Rome and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00273-00067703-00067890 Greece but in particular right now Rome
w_IVQzCFa2M-00274-00067891-00068131 to try to figure out what's going on
w_IVQzCFa2M-00275-00068132-00068299 right now and I think part of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00276-00068300-00068518 impulse that is driving us is just the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00277-00068519-00068785 inability to step back right now and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00278-00068786-00069070 look at what's happening we can't fit it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00279-00069071-00069247 into a larger pattern we don't know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00280-00069248-00069472 where to where it's going there's so
w_IVQzCFa2M-00281-00069473-00069736 much happening that instead of trying to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00282-00069737-00069889 look at a that's something we can think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00283-00069890-00070087 of as parallel at least in some way
w_IVQzCFa2M-00284-00070088-00070309 allows us to then frame it in a bigger
w_IVQzCFa2M-00285-00070310-00070573 context well if that frames into its
w_IVQzCFa2M-00286-00070574-00070723 larger context in this way maybe our
w_IVQzCFa2M-00287-00070724-00070969 moment does in the similar way I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00288-00070970-00071104 that's exactly right
w_IVQzCFa2M-00289-00071105-00071320 I think that the you know the shock at
w_IVQzCFa2M-00290-00071321-00071617 Trump's election was so profound that I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00291-00071618-00071866 think the immediate reaction was to go
w_IVQzCFa2M-00292-00071867-00072079 to the 1930s you know what is the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00293-00072080-00072295 worst-case scenario well you know it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00294-00072296-00072478 Hitler and Stalin and you know and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00295-00072479-00072760 Mussolini and Franco and so immediately
w_IVQzCFa2M-00296-00072761-00073045 that's kind of where we jumped but we're
w_IVQzCFa2M-00297-00073046-00073207 not in a moment where the United States
w_IVQzCFa2M-00298-00073208-00073597 or France or Germany is the vimar
w_IVQzCFa2M-00299-00073598-00073798 Republic or the Spanish Republic of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00300-00073799-00074098 you know the 20s and 30s
w_IVQzCFa2M-00301-00074099-00074365 these are old established states with
w_IVQzCFa2M-00302-00074366-00074503 rules that people generally have
w_IVQzCFa2M-00303-00074504-00074914 accepted for a long time and Trump is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00304-00074915-00075199 not Franco he's not Stalin he's not
w_IVQzCFa2M-00305-00075200-00075394 Hitler he's not you know that he doesn't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00306-00075395-00075664 sort of he doesn't equate to those
w_IVQzCFa2M-00307-00075665-00075844 figures and the context doesn't equate
w_IVQzCFa2M-00308-00075845-00076138 to those those contexts and I think what
w_IVQzCFa2M-00309-00076139-00076285 Rome allows us to do is a couple of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00310-00076286-00076534 things I mean first it gives us a model
w_IVQzCFa2M-00311-00076535-00076807 of a republic that is established that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00312-00076808-00077016 comes under these kinds of stresses
w_IVQzCFa2M-00313-00077017-00077343 specifically economic and the kind of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00314-00077344-00077683 stress is connected to demographic rapid
w_IVQzCFa2M-00315-00077684-00077965 demographic changes and what we can see
w_IVQzCFa2M-00316-00077966-00078127 with Rome is how something that is an
w_IVQzCFa2M-00317-00078128-00078319 established and functional and generally
w_IVQzCFa2M-00318-00078320-00078561 successful Republican form of government
w_IVQzCFa2M-00319-00078562-00078793 responds and when it fails to respond
w_IVQzCFa2M-00320-00078794-00078934 how long does it take and what does it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00321-00078935-00079177 look like and I think we're really at
w_IVQzCFa2M-00322-00079178-00079357 this moment trying just to figure out
w_IVQzCFa2M-00323-00079358-00079591 even where we are you know are we at the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00324-00079592-00079768 beginning of a process are we at the end
w_IVQzCFa2M-00325-00079769-00080017 of a process where we have the the sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00326-00080018-00080230 of end of the beginning which is kind of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00327-00080231-00080572 where I think we are and are there ways
w_IVQzCFa2M-00328-00080573-00080773 to pull out of this before we actually
w_IVQzCFa2M-00329-00080774-00081055 get to something catastrophic and so I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00330-00081056-00081250 think that Rome is a great tool to think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00331-00081251-00081562 with the United States in many ways the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00332-00081563-00081691 founders of the United States were
w_IVQzCFa2M-00333-00081692-00081907 deeply influenced by Polybius and by
w_IVQzCFa2M-00334-00081908-00082033 sitov their knowledge of the Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00335-00082034-00082309 Republic and so there are sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00336-00082310-00082522 structural elements of the United States
w_IVQzCFa2M-00337-00082523-00082849 that evoke the kind of Roman Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00338-00082850-00083047 models in Roman Republican models at
w_IVQzCFa2M-00339-00083048-00083437 least as they were theorized and that I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00340-00083438-00083632 think means that there are some elements
w_IVQzCFa2M-00341-00083633-00083992 of sort of Roman Republican DNA that we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00342-00083993-00084259 share in our political structure and so
w_IVQzCFa2M-00343-00084260-00084400 I think the Roman example is something
w_IVQzCFa2M-00344-00084401-00084649 that is quite useful for us to think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00345-00084650-00084967 with and I you know emphasize to my
w_IVQzCFa2M-00346-00084968-00085264 students especially it doesn't mean that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00347-00085265-00085471 this is the outcome in the United States
w_IVQzCFa2M-00348-00085472-00085828 but it means that this is a sort of set
w_IVQzCFa2M-00349-00085829-00086074 of processes and a set of tensions that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00350-00086075-00086245 we need to keep an eye on and we need to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00351-00086246-00086473 sort of be aware of and we need to be
w_IVQzCFa2M-00352-00086474-00086737 aware of possible outcomes when you have
w_IVQzCFa2M-00353-00086738-00086905 say political dysfunction in the way
w_IVQzCFa2M-00354-00086906-00087130 that we do right now yeah and I would
w_IVQzCFa2M-00355-00087131-00087352 argue and I think this is very true of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00356-00087353-00087562 you know when looking at Roman history
w_IVQzCFa2M-00357-00087563-00087787 as well is that you know Trump didn't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00358-00087788-00088000 actually come out of nowhere I think to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00359-00088001-00088177 understand Trump you have to look back
w_IVQzCFa2M-00360-00088178-00088402 at least as far as Reagan and this is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00361-00088403-00088555 one of the things about telling the you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00362-00088556-00088729 know the full story that you do is you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00363-00088730-00088903 see that that kind of chain of events
w_IVQzCFa2M-00364-00088904-00089320 that that culminates with Octavian yeah
w_IVQzCFa2M-00365-00089321-00089491 I mean I thought that yeah we could
w_IVQzCFa2M-00366-00089492-00089692 speak to that as why the particular time
w_IVQzCFa2M-00367-00089693-00089854 period I mean I could see why you end
w_IVQzCFa2M-00368-00089855-00090075 with Augustus that's a fairly natural
w_IVQzCFa2M-00369-00090076-00090378 end point you know it's it's a moment of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00370-00090379-00090628 transition it's sort of the end of that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00371-00090629-00090894 that process a beginning of a new one
w_IVQzCFa2M-00372-00090895-00091285 but why where you stay that started in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00373-00091286-00091510 280 I believe so
w_IVQzCFa2M-00374-00091511-00091639 you know why that particular element
w_IVQzCFa2M-00375-00091640-00091837 what was the why did that seem like a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00376-00091838-00092041 good place to start the narrative I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00377-00092042-00092347 didn't want to go before the end of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00378-00092348-00092629 conflict of the orders you know I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00379-00092630-00092761 what you have with the conflict of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00380-00092762-00093013 orders is you know obviously a system
w_IVQzCFa2M-00381-00093014-00093138 that that's stress
w_IVQzCFa2M-00382-00093139-00093360 and undergoing stress for a long period
w_IVQzCFa2M-00383-00093361-00093516 of time but a system that has mechanisms
w_IVQzCFa2M-00384-00093517-00093930 to sort of resolve that stress and their
w_IVQzCFa2M-00385-00093931-00094275 profound sort of against or freezing ups
w_IVQzCFa2M-00386-00094276-00094449 of the system and then the system
w_IVQzCFa2M-00387-00094450-00094758 recalibrates and after 287 the system
w_IVQzCFa2M-00388-00094759-00095076 recalibrates in a form that i think is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00389-00095077-00095349 you know more or less close to the final
w_IVQzCFa2M-00390-00095350-00095631 form that it will take in in sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00391-00095632-00095847 resolving the questions of you know what
w_IVQzCFa2M-00392-00095848-00096018 is the position of a plebeian versus a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00393-00096019-00096345 patrician and mmin Pyrrhus comes like
w_IVQzCFa2M-00394-00096346-00096543 right after this right right you have
w_IVQzCFa2M-00395-00096544-00096744 this sort of gumming up of the system
w_IVQzCFa2M-00396-00096745-00096921 tremendous tension between different
w_IVQzCFa2M-00397-00096922-00097260 elements of Rome and then the arrival at
w_IVQzCFa2M-00398-00097261-00097491 a compromise in 287 that is it's a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00399-00097492-00097824 significant compromise that that is a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00400-00097825-00098091 compromise and people buy into it and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00401-00098092-00098349 there's consensus and I think going
w_IVQzCFa2M-00402-00098350-00098595 before 287 would require a whole lot of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00403-00098596-00098904 information that wasn't going to be
w_IVQzCFa2M-00404-00098905-00099135 integral to the narrative but with peers
w_IVQzCFa2M-00405-00099136-00099339 what you have is you know a society that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00406-00099340-00099888 has come together and is now sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00407-00099889-00100113 still in the kind of afterglow of that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00408-00100114-00100380 consensus I think and so it can build
w_IVQzCFa2M-00409-00100381-00100635 this kind of really surprising and kind
w_IVQzCFa2M-00410-00100636-00100821 of robust response to the threat that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00411-00100822-00101076 Pyrrhus poses in large part because
w_IVQzCFa2M-00412-00101077-00101256 these are many of the same thought
w_IVQzCFa2M-00413-00101257-00101544 leaders who had pushed through you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00414-00101545-00101733 the the resolution of the conflict of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00415-00101734-00102089 the orders and you know and I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00416-00102090-00102330 probably a lot of people reading this
w_IVQzCFa2M-00417-00102331-00102588 because I don't get into this this
w_IVQzCFa2M-00418-00102589-00102809 material I don't get into the the 200
w_IVQzCFa2M-00419-00102810-00103031 years before that because I didn't I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00420-00103032-00103299 didn't feel I didn't see a way to really
w_IVQzCFa2M-00421-00103300-00103473 do that and not lose the kind of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00422-00103474-00103718 narrative that I wanted to engage with
w_IVQzCFa2M-00423-00103719-00103950 but I think that there you know that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00424-00103951-00104219 it's potentially impossible that people
w_IVQzCFa2M-00425-00104220-00104376 will read the discussion that I have
w_IVQzCFa2M-00426-00104377-00104754 Epirus is somewhat naive I think that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00427-00104755-00105011 you know we're stuck with the sources we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00428-00105013-00105264 have but I think seeing that moment as a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00429-00105265-00105705 moment of consensus is probably not it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00430-00105706-00105972 not at all a stretch you know the the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00431-00105973-00106131 Roman response to Pierce is is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00432-00106132-00106428 remarkable it's surprising and it it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00433-00106429-00106504 doesn't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00434-00106505-00106687 come out of a society that has sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00435-00106688-00106844 deep-seated divisions that are
w_IVQzCFa2M-00436-00106845-00107161 unbridgeable right and so that's why it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00437-00107162-00107306 shows that as a starting point rather
w_IVQzCFa2M-00438-00107307-00107447 than I think the natural starting point
w_IVQzCFa2M-00439-00107448-00107752 perhaps would have been either the First
w_IVQzCFa2M-00440-00107753-00107996 Punic War Hannibal but I think you're I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00441-00107997-00108173 think with Hannibal you're already too
w_IVQzCFa2M-00442-00108174-00108388 late you know I think in a sense in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00443-00108389-00108565 two 20s you're already seeing some
w_IVQzCFa2M-00444-00108566-00108958 elements of divisions that the people
w_IVQzCFa2M-00445-00108959-00109312 are willing to sort of exploit instead
w_IVQzCFa2M-00446-00109313-00109549 of sort of bridge and Hannibal sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00447-00109550-00109864 makes them paper these over but I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00448-00109865-00110137 in the two 80s those aren't there yet or
w_IVQzCFa2M-00449-00110138-00110341 at least they were there and they've
w_IVQzCFa2M-00450-00110342-00110500 been resolved and those people don't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00451-00110501-00110633 want to have that fight again
w_IVQzCFa2M-00452-00110633-00110788 yeah and Pyrrhus kind of ends up being
w_IVQzCFa2M-00453-00110789-00111023 the successes against Paris and for
w_IVQzCFa2M-00454-00111024-00111170 anyone listening who doesn't know who
w_IVQzCFa2M-00455-00111171-00111431 we're talking about but the it's a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00456-00111432-00111601 slightly complicated story but basically
w_IVQzCFa2M-00457-00111602-00111952 a mercenary force comes in and they end
w_IVQzCFa2M-00458-00111953-00112070 up in a big war that's where we get
w_IVQzCFa2M-00459-00112071-00112258 Pyrrhic victories from they won but at
w_IVQzCFa2M-00460-00112259-00112534 great cost the great cost on both sides
w_IVQzCFa2M-00461-00112535-00112757 it was an immense simplification of it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00462-00112758-00112990 but anyway I think you sort of see
w_IVQzCFa2M-00463-00112991-00113287 almost like a proof of concept it's I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00464-00113288-00113524 don't know but you said wonder if they
w_IVQzCFa2M-00465-00113525-00113701 hadn't had those victories and and that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00466-00113702-00113929 emergency against Paris would that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00467-00113930-00114143 compromise have held as strongly as it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00468-00114144-00114368 did but it the immediate need to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00469-00114369-00114550 mobilize so many people and the ability
w_IVQzCFa2M-00470-00114551-00114877 to do so and the good leadership that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00471-00114878-00115216 won them in the end the war I guess sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00472-00115217-00115418 of proved that this compromise they'd
w_IVQzCFa2M-00473-00115419-00115795 made worked and gave them a success yeah
w_IVQzCFa2M-00474-00115796-00116072 in a way that sort of the Hannibal did
w_IVQzCFa2M-00475-00116073-00116294 to accept that it with a hat with there
w_IVQzCFa2M-00476-00116295-00116503 was so many failures against Hannibal
w_IVQzCFa2M-00477-00116504-00116669 that seems so clearly the product of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00478-00116670-00116884 problems with leadership and problems
w_IVQzCFa2M-00479-00116885-00117202 with debates between different parts of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00480-00117203-00117484 the Roman state that kind of exposes
w_IVQzCFa2M-00481-00117485-00117676 some of the writings in other ways yeah
w_IVQzCFa2M-00482-00117677-00117932 and and this is why I'm you know taking
w_IVQzCFa2M-00483-00117933-00118216 I suppose a credulous view of what goes
w_IVQzCFa2M-00484-00118217-00118363 on with beerus i mean the situation with
w_IVQzCFa2M-00485-00118364-00118591 Pyrrhus is Pierce comes into southern
w_IVQzCFa2M-00486-00118592-00118798 Italy he inflicts a serious defeat on
w_IVQzCFa2M-00487-00118799-00119074 the Romans and then he proposes peace
w_IVQzCFa2M-00488-00119075-00119314 treaty terms that are incredibly mild
w_IVQzCFa2M-00489-00119315-00119704 you know just basically like I you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00490-00119705-00119899 I will go away more or less if you sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00491-00119900-00120175 of agree to this and you know you don't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00492-00120176-00120334 really have to agree to very much you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00493-00120335-00120494 just have to agree to this the status
w_IVQzCFa2M-00494-00120495-00120869 quo ante and what the Romans basically
w_IVQzCFa2M-00495-00120870-00121019 say is we can't do that you know we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00496-00121020-00121448 can't accept this kind of even symbolic
w_IVQzCFa2M-00497-00121449-00121576 defeat
w_IVQzCFa2M-00498-00121577-00121860 we just can't accept that and it's a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00499-00121861-00122120 tremendously sort of costly decision on
w_IVQzCFa2M-00500-00122121-00122297 one level because it's expensive you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00501-00122298-00122476 know to fight continue fighting a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00502-00122477-00122602 campaign that you really don't need to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00503-00122603-00122914 fight but on the other hand I think that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00504-00122915-00123257 the same people who had led the sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00505-00123258-00123443 resolution of the the sort of social
w_IVQzCFa2M-00506-00123444-00123671 conflicts in the - in the late in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00507-00123672-00123835 early to 80s in the late to 80s are
w_IVQzCFa2M-00508-00123836-00124099 still there and and there is a sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00509-00124100-00124264 level of trust and I think a level of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00510-00124265-00124564 fatigue with political conflict that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00511-00124565-00124765 allows them to say look we net we need
w_IVQzCFa2M-00512-00124766-00125123 to bear this cost and that's something
w_IVQzCFa2M-00513-00125124-00125311 that you know that I think Republican
w_IVQzCFa2M-00514-00125312-00125488 systems are designed to do they're
w_IVQzCFa2M-00515-00125489-00125815 designed to promote that and I think in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00516-00125816-00125953 the United States after World War Two
w_IVQzCFa2M-00517-00125954-00126178 you see something similar right the the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00518-00126179-00126398 the same politicians that couldn't agree
w_IVQzCFa2M-00519-00126399-00126658 on anything in the late 20s and into the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00520-00126659-00127007 30s and were really not interested in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00521-00127008-00127153 fighting wars and having foreign
w_IVQzCFa2M-00522-00127154-00127370 entanglements become very interested in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00523-00127371-00127573 that in the 40s you know there is a kind
w_IVQzCFa2M-00524-00127574-00127804 of consensus about international
w_IVQzCFa2M-00525-00127805-00128072 engagement that comes out of the war it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00526-00128073-00128239 in a sense binds a generation of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00527-00128240-00128485 politicians towards a worldview that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00528-00128486-00128686 would have been incredibly controversial
w_IVQzCFa2M-00529-00128687-00129100 even ten years before mmm-hmm the okay
w_IVQzCFa2M-00530-00129101-00129332 so I think we've kind of kind of adjust
w_IVQzCFa2M-00531-00129333-00129538 this already but just to make sure we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00532-00129539-00129736 talked about it a little more explicitly
w_IVQzCFa2M-00533-00129737-00129964 so what you talked about wanting to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00534-00129965-00130148 focus on the specific narrative and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00535-00130149-00130402 think you've brought some of what that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00536-00130403-00130651 is but what is would you say the central
w_IVQzCFa2M-00537-00130652-00130753 theme that you're trying to bring out
w_IVQzCFa2M-00538-00130754-00131023 because in many ways you're telling a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00539-00131024-00131212 story and this is not a criticism but
w_IVQzCFa2M-00540-00131213-00131326 you're telling a story that's been told
w_IVQzCFa2M-00541-00131327-00131618 before so of course you know it's not a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00542-00131619-00131933 new story but you are taking and it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00543-00131934-00132085 quite clear as you read it you're
w_IVQzCFa2M-00544-00132086-00132265 highlighting particular elements of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00545-00132266-00132541 what's going on and coming back to the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00546-00132542-00132751 same sort of moves that are being
w_IVQzCFa2M-00547-00132752-00132910 repeated in different ways by different
w_IVQzCFa2M-00548-00132911-00133049 generations so what
w_IVQzCFa2M-00549-00133050-00133322 what were the themes you wanted to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00550-00133323-00133540 really highlight one thing that I wanted
w_IVQzCFa2M-00551-00133541-00133753 to try to do was to make the Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-00552-00133754-00134041 itself a character you know and to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00553-00134042-00134309 really speak about it as you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00554-00134310-00134565 metaphorically almost as an organism
w_IVQzCFa2M-00555-00134566-00134822 that you know that needs to be preserved
w_IVQzCFa2M-00556-00134823-00135098 it needs to be sort of curated it needs
w_IVQzCFa2M-00557-00135099-00135407 to be sort of cared for and so the story
w_IVQzCFa2M-00558-00135408-00135722 of that that institution or that entity
w_IVQzCFa2M-00559-00135723-00135896 I think is important and it's not
w_IVQzCFa2M-00560-00135897-00136064 something that we tend to focus on when
w_IVQzCFa2M-00561-00136065-00136285 we tell the history of the Republic I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00562-00136286-00136520 think that what we see with the later
w_IVQzCFa2M-00563-00136521-00136838 Republic is a structure an institution
w_IVQzCFa2M-00564-00136839-00137048 or a political entity or whatever term
w_IVQzCFa2M-00565-00137049-00137246 we want to use for it that starts out
w_IVQzCFa2M-00566-00137247-00137566 quite robust with a very clear sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00567-00137567-00137837 mechanism for rewarding people who
w_IVQzCFa2M-00568-00137838-00138188 reward it and serve it and punishing
w_IVQzCFa2M-00569-00138189-00138340 those who put their own self-interest
w_IVQzCFa2M-00570-00138341-00138628 above the Republic and by the end of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00571-00138629-00138839 Republic you know as you move into the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00572-00138840-00139145 40s I think the crisis you see between
w_IVQzCFa2M-00573-00139146-00139376 Caesar and Pompey is that the Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-00574-00139377-00139676 is not viable as an entity it can't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00575-00139677-00139901 preserve Caesar or Pompey you know that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00576-00139902-00140077 conflict even if it's resolved
w_IVQzCFa2M-00577-00140078-00140290 peacefully the Republic can offer no
w_IVQzCFa2M-00578-00140291-00140450 guarantee to Caesar that he's not going
w_IVQzCFa2M-00579-00140451-00140627 to be brought up on charges he's not
w_IVQzCFa2M-00580-00140628-00140827 gonna lose his property he's not going
w_IVQzCFa2M-00581-00140828-00141052 to be potentially even killed all of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00582-00141053-00141166 those things had happened
w_IVQzCFa2M-00583-00141167-00141485 in the past 15 years and so I think that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00584-00141486-00141689 the the weakness of the Republic in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00585-00141690-00141869 40s was on some level I think perhaps
w_IVQzCFa2M-00586-00141870-00142085 surprising to people you know that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00587-00142086-00142376 Caesar in essence was left without legal
w_IVQzCFa2M-00588-00142377-00142559 mechanisms that could protect him if he
w_IVQzCFa2M-00589-00142560-00142840 decided to to step back or he decided to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00590-00142841-00143254 kind of even find a compromise and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00591-00143255-00143471 think that's the story that I wanted to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00592-00143472-00143639 tell because I think that's the story
w_IVQzCFa2M-00593-00143640-00143815 that we are missing in our current
w_IVQzCFa2M-00594-00143816-00144086 climate you know in the United States
w_IVQzCFa2M-00595-00144087-00144252 there are people who speak up for
w_IVQzCFa2M-00596-00144253-00144602 Democrats and then sort of policies and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00597-00144603-00144752 individuals and they're people who speak
w_IVQzCFa2M-00598-00144753-00144944 up for Republicans and their policies
w_IVQzCFa2M-00599-00144945-00145141 and their individuals but there are very
w_IVQzCFa2M-00600-00145142-00145378 few people who are speaking up for the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00601-00145379-00145595 Republic right you know and saying that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00602-00145596-00145796 this is something that we need to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00603-00145797-00145958 preserve it's something we need to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00604-00145959-00146171 protect and there are norms and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00605-00146172-00146306 procedures the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00606-00146307-00146546 make sure it's robust and make sure it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00607-00146547-00146824 strong and anyone who violates those
w_IVQzCFa2M-00608-00146825-00147059 norms and procedures needs to be
w_IVQzCFa2M-00609-00147060-00147221 criticized they need to be sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00610-00147222-00147434 reprimanded they need to be potentially
w_IVQzCFa2M-00611-00147435-00147625 voted out they even potentially even
w_IVQzCFa2M-00612-00147626-00147814 need to be charged for violating the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00613-00147815-00148066 life they've done that but everyone
w_IVQzCFa2M-00614-00148067-00148274 regardless of any sort of policy
w_IVQzCFa2M-00615-00148275-00148511 disagreement whatsoever should agree
w_IVQzCFa2M-00616-00148512-00148721 that the institutions of the Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-00617-00148722-00148987 needs to be protected but I don't think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00618-00148988-00149231 we think that way and I think what the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00619-00149232-00149474 Roman story shows is if you stop
w_IVQzCFa2M-00620-00149475-00149686 thinking that way and you just take for
w_IVQzCFa2M-00621-00149687-00149851 granted the Republic is always going to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00622-00149852-00150064 be there it won't be there when you need
w_IVQzCFa2M-00623-00150065-00150296 it to be it wasn't there in the forties
w_IVQzCFa2M-00624-00150297-00150637 in a meaningful way and that led to the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00625-00150638-00150845 civil wars that were you know brutal and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00626-00150846-00151099 horrible and you know undid all of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00627-00151100-00151268 sort of basic foundations of what what
w_IVQzCFa2M-00628-00151269-00151460 Rome and the Romans sort of state was
w_IVQzCFa2M-00629-00151461-00151808 supposed to do and so I think that was
w_IVQzCFa2M-00630-00151809-00151987 the story that that I hope the narrative
w_IVQzCFa2M-00631-00151988-00152285 would bring out is you know that there
w_IVQzCFa2M-00632-00152286-00152476 are people involved in this but there's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00633-00152477-00152812 also a sort of institution that also has
w_IVQzCFa2M-00634-00152813-00153154 a sort of in a way life span that can be
w_IVQzCFa2M-00635-00153155-00153356 extended if you take care of it but you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00636-00153357-00153565 know can end very sort of surprisingly
w_IVQzCFa2M-00637-00153566-00153853 if you take it for granted and that that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00638-00153854-00154012 sort of you know brings up for me
w_IVQzCFa2M-00639-00154013-00154129 something that I was wondering about
w_IVQzCFa2M-00640-00154130-00154363 because you know where is exactly that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00641-00154364-00154573 tipping point where where do people not
w_IVQzCFa2M-00642-00154574-00154895 stop protecting those institutions I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00643-00154896-00155116 mean at one point you say that the the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00644-00155117-00155336 fall of the Republic wasn't necessarily
w_IVQzCFa2M-00645-00155337-00155669 inevitable but I wonder you know if we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00646-00155670-00155914 consider from the standpoint of human
w_IVQzCFa2M-00647-00155915-00156158 nature is it in a sense inevitable that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00648-00156159-00156463 people will begin to choose the short
w_IVQzCFa2M-00649-00156464-00156679 term over the long term when the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00650-00156680-00156908 circumstances reach a certain point when
w_IVQzCFa2M-00651-00156909-00157186 they get bad enough that it's sort of a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00652-00157187-00157579 natural human tendency to then not think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00653-00157580-00157709 of you know protecting those
w_IVQzCFa2M-00654-00157710-00158038 institutions yeah I mean I think that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00655-00158039-00158348 that I think that there's a question of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00656-00158349-00158566 sort of basic optimism that I have and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00657-00158567-00158851 maybe it's a fault you know I look at
w_IVQzCFa2M-00658-00158852-00159127 the moment and in 63 after the the sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00659-00159128-00159304 of defeat of the Catalan Aryans and you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00660-00159305-00159470 look at the coinage that comes out this
w_IVQzCFa2M-00661-00159471-00159692 great coin from Amelia's Palace that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00662-00159693-00159878 it has Concordia on it your sister
w_IVQzCFa2M-00663-00159879-00160088 talking about this sort of you know this
w_IVQzCFa2M-00664-00160089-00160253 like moment of great union where
w_IVQzCFa2M-00665-00160254-00160403 everybody has come together to talk
w_IVQzCFa2M-00666-00160404-00160601 about defending the Republic and he's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00667-00160602-00160832 talking about this in like like early
w_IVQzCFa2M-00668-00160833-00161369 December of 63 six weeks later no one is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00669-00161370-00161516 talking about that it's already sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00670-00161517-00161729 descended back into division and you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00671-00161730-00161831 know so I think that there are these
w_IVQzCFa2M-00672-00161832-00162017 moments where people like yes let's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00673-00162018-00162302 rally around let's defend this but I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00674-00162303-00162596 think in a sense what happens almost
w_IVQzCFa2M-00675-00162597-00162773 immediately after that is people sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00676-00162774-00162950 then step back and say okay everything's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00677-00162951-00163010 fine again
w_IVQzCFa2M-00678-00163011-00163163 you know now now we can go back to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00679-00163164-00163334 pursuing our own interest because the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00680-00163335-00163723 Republic is secure and and they move on
w_IVQzCFa2M-00681-00163724-00164120 is that inevitable I would like to hope
w_IVQzCFa2M-00682-00164121-00165290 not you know and I think it's you know I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00683-00165291-00165602 think at some level it is maybe
w_IVQzCFa2M-00684-00165603-00166070 realistic but I hope not and and I hope
w_IVQzCFa2M-00685-00166071-00166247 that what we can see with the Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00686-00166248-00166568 example is when you do that there is a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00687-00166569-00166976 consequence I don't know that in 62 they
w_IVQzCFa2M-00688-00166977-00167204 knew that you know I don't know that in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00689-00167205-00167495 62 a Roman who had just sort of survived
w_IVQzCFa2M-00690-00167496-00167740 the sort of Catalan Aryan Concha to the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00691-00167741-00168008 conspiracy I don't know that they would
w_IVQzCFa2M-00692-00168009-00168254 say yeah Wow I mean we barely sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00693-00168255-00168488 scrape by but you know we're only gonna
w_IVQzCFa2M-00694-00168489-00168698 last another half generation it's all
w_IVQzCFa2M-00695-00168699-00168956 gonna fall apart again you know I don't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00696-00168957-00169217 think even in the 50s they saw that you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00697-00169218-00169367 know you go almost a year without
w_IVQzCFa2M-00698-00169368-00169574 elections and Pompey steps in and brings
w_IVQzCFa2M-00699-00169575-00169808 back elections and stabilizes things and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00700-00169809-00170027 I think again people probably wipe their
w_IVQzCFa2M-00701-00170028-00170258 brow and said okay you know it's it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00702-00170259-00170450 you know it's it's coming back like we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00703-00170451-00170624 can we can still salvage this the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00704-00170625-00170894 Republic will still be there I think the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00705-00170895-00171230 lesson for us is maybe but but also
w_IVQzCFa2M-00706-00171231-00171650 maybe not and if we want there to still
w_IVQzCFa2M-00707-00171651-00171941 be a republic there are things we need
w_IVQzCFa2M-00708-00171942-00172163 to do to protect it right so what Rome
w_IVQzCFa2M-00709-00172164-00172367 is coming back to it the earlier
w_IVQzCFa2M-00710-00172368-00172691 statement is Rome is for us what Rome
w_IVQzCFa2M-00711-00172692-00172886 didn't have because there had been no
w_IVQzCFa2M-00712-00172887-00173036 real model of that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00713-00173037-00173432 long long lasting a system that wasn't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00714-00173433-00173681 anarchic oh right in some form you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00715-00173682-00173834 when I could call tyrannical whatever
w_IVQzCFa2M-00716-00173835-00174122 you know individual based I mean they'd
w_IVQzCFa2M-00717-00174123-00174248 been oligarchies that businesses and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00718-00174249-00174478 that's but they didn't have a model they
w_IVQzCFa2M-00719-00174479-00174626 were used to empires rising and falling
w_IVQzCFa2M-00720-00174627-00174836 they saw that they knew that model of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00721-00174837-00175039 history right but that's different than
w_IVQzCFa2M-00722-00175040-00175327 a constitutional system rising and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00723-00175328-00175493 falling I mean that's what Polybius is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00724-00175494-00175796 trying to get his head around he's seen
w_IVQzCFa2M-00725-00175797-00176002 these things rise and fall in a very
w_IVQzCFa2M-00726-00176003-00176249 sort of ongoing cycle not a long lasting
w_IVQzCFa2M-00727-00176250-00176423 stability so that's why he does his
w_IVQzCFa2M-00728-00176424-00176602 balanced Constitution thing oh ha ha
w_IVQzCFa2M-00729-00176603-00176798 they found the secret to the the to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00730-00176799-00177136 unlock the sort of solid state
w_IVQzCFa2M-00731-00177137-00177478 constitution something that can't fall
w_IVQzCFa2M-00732-00177479-00177671 apart and of course the the neverending
w_IVQzCFa2M-00733-00177672-00178084 irony of when he writes that and going
w_IVQzCFa2M-00734-00178085-00178322 will never cease to vaguely amuse me
w_IVQzCFa2M-00735-00178323-00178709 [Laughter]
w_IVQzCFa2M-00736-00178710-00179021 we have Rome here to say to us look
w_IVQzCFa2M-00737-00179022-00179314 these things can as you say and I like
w_IVQzCFa2M-00738-00179315-00179428 that point you made about how they're
w_IVQzCFa2M-00739-00179429-00179585 looking back to the 30s is not the same
w_IVQzCFa2M-00740-00179586-00180229 because the thirties see that is because
w_IVQzCFa2M-00741-00180230-00180443 those Republic's were you know that was
w_IVQzCFa2M-00742-00180444-00180707 a time of ongoing cyclical revolutions
w_IVQzCFa2M-00743-00180708-00180932 things had been going in revolutionary
w_IVQzCFa2M-00744-00180933-00181109 cycles in a way especially in Europe
w_IVQzCFa2M-00745-00181110-00181496 since the mid 1700s none of those people
w_IVQzCFa2M-00746-00181497-00181651 public's none of those systems were
w_IVQzCFa2M-00747-00181652-00181891 really fixed only Britain right had had
w_IVQzCFa2M-00748-00181892-00182215 a sort of solid ongoing stable system at
w_IVQzCFa2M-00749-00182216-00182404 the time yeah I think that the you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00750-00182405-00182558 I think that you put your finger and a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00751-00182559-00182684 couple things that are really important
w_IVQzCFa2M-00752-00182685-00182854 about where the Romans are in that last
w_IVQzCFa2M-00753-00182855-00183083 century the first is I think they
w_IVQzCFa2M-00754-00183084-00183359 believed their PR you know I think you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00755-00183360-00183529 know polybius is a great example of this
w_IVQzCFa2M-00756-00183530-00183701 right like you have something that's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00757-00183702-00183853 remarkably consistent you don't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00758-00183854-00184163 understand why so you theorized it and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00759-00184164-00184528 you know you're theorizing from a point
w_IVQzCFa2M-00760-00184529-00184801 that is actually a remarkably flawed
w_IVQzCFa2M-00761-00184802-00185018 point when you look contextually about
w_IVQzCFa2M-00762-00185019-00185254 what's going on about what's going on
w_IVQzCFa2M-00763-00185255-00185515 when polybius is doing this but but you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00764-00185516-00185831 know in one level Romans had this sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00765-00185832-00186052 of idea that we are a stable state then
w_IVQzCFa2M-00766-00186053-00186221 on the other side they don't know the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00767-00186222-00186407 end of the story they don't know that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00768-00186408-00186679 we couldn't and the same you know to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00769-00186680-00186950 move to where you know innocence I spend
w_IVQzCFa2M-00770-00186951-00187153 a lot of other time this is the same
w_IVQzCFa2M-00771-00187154-00187385 story in the early 5th century you look
w_IVQzCFa2M-00772-00187386-00187658 at some of the the really dumb decisions
w_IVQzCFa2M-00773-00187659-00187954 made by an aureus and his court in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00774-00187955-00188312 period between 408 and say for 18 they
w_IVQzCFa2M-00775-00188313-00188597 don't know that the ending they actually
w_IVQzCFa2M-00776-00188598-00188873 bring about is even possible and how
w_IVQzCFa2M-00777-00188874-00189059 could they it's been so long lasting
w_IVQzCFa2M-00778-00189060-00189260 it's gone through so many crises etc etc
w_IVQzCFa2M-00779-00189261-00189553 etc they see that they have no models
w_IVQzCFa2M-00780-00189554-00189841 that's falling apart yeah and I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00781-00189842-00190049 that you know the late Republic is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00782-00190050-00190189 something similar you know that and they
w_IVQzCFa2M-00783-00190190-00190409 have sort of intellectual grounding to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00784-00190410-00190610 feel this as well it's not just a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00785-00190611-00190856 suspicion but it's a sort of you know it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00786-00190857-00191093 it is almost sort of proving a theory
w_IVQzCFa2M-00787-00191094-00191338 that Rome is still around and so there
w_IVQzCFa2M-00788-00191339-00191756 is a there's a sense of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00789-00191757-00191987 inevitability of this sort of eternity
w_IVQzCFa2M-00790-00191988-00192241 of the Republic that I think brings
w_IVQzCFa2M-00791-00192242-00192434 about a complacency and also brings
w_IVQzCFa2M-00792-00192435-00192659 about a sort of willingness to put
w_IVQzCFa2M-00793-00192660-00192853 self-interest above the institutions
w_IVQzCFa2M-00794-00192854-00193054 that actually sort of sustain the state
w_IVQzCFa2M-00795-00193055-00193319 and you know I think that the Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00796-00193320-00193661 example is useful for us to think with
w_IVQzCFa2M-00797-00193662-00193828 because we don't know the end of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00798-00193829-00194021 story but this is a possible ending of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00799-00194022-00194377 our story and the Romans didn't have
w_IVQzCFa2M-00800-00194378-00194645 that as a possible ending they didn't
w_IVQzCFa2M-00801-00194646-00194834 see it they didn't know what to look for
w_IVQzCFa2M-00802-00194835-00195088 and if we know it to look for maybe we
w_IVQzCFa2M-00803-00195089-00195277 can at least be a little more aware of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00804-00195278-00195536 what we're doing and maybe there's a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00805-00195537-00196078 reason to be optimistic maybe the other
w_IVQzCFa2M-00806-00196079-00196387 thing I was thinking about is the the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00807-00196388-00196574 role of sort of popular ISM and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00808-00196575-00196859 demagoguery both in terms of the end of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00809-00196860-00197120 the Roman Republic and in terms of you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00810-00197121-00197420 know the world today and it's a sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00811-00197421-00197716 fine line that doesn't have a to my mind
w_IVQzCFa2M-00812-00197717-00198013 a very easily established you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00813-00198014-00198241 border between trying to honestly
w_IVQzCFa2M-00814-00198242-00198490 represent popular opinion and the Galit
w_IVQzCFa2M-00815-00198491-00198725 arianism and so forth and then the sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00816-00198726-00199172 of misuse of populism and how it becomes
w_IVQzCFa2M-00817-00199173-00199469 demagoguery and and leads to autocracy
w_IVQzCFa2M-00818-00199470-00199754 in this period you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00819-00199755-00200144 yeah we're what seems to be what
w_IVQzCFa2M-00820-00200145-00200345 presents itself as the most popular
w_IVQzCFa2M-00821-00200346-00200795 mm-hmm in a literal sense it often ends
w_IVQzCFa2M-00822-00200796-00200978 up with dictatorships yeah I mean it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00823-00200979-00201224 it's sort of stirring up a storm to for
w_IVQzCFa2M-00824-00201225-00201443 you know an alternate ulterior motive
w_IVQzCFa2M-00825-00201444-00201866 but it's using the the guise of popular
w_IVQzCFa2M-00826-00201867-00202244 opinion to to win that mm-hmm
w_IVQzCFa2M-00827-00202245-00202529 yeah and this is actually I mean this is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00828-00202530-00202763 one of the things that I suppose my
w_IVQzCFa2M-00829-00202764-00203033 thinking changed the most you know in in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00830-00203034-00203219 this current context from you know where
w_IVQzCFa2M-00831-00203220-00203378 I had thought about these events for the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00832-00203379-00203612 past you know a couple decades and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00833-00203613-00203783 specifically with Tiberius Caracas
w_IVQzCFa2M-00834-00203784-00204062 you know I I've always sort of been
w_IVQzCFa2M-00835-00204063-00204338 inclined to think positively about the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00836-00204339-00204539 objectives that Tiberius caucus was
w_IVQzCFa2M-00837-00204540-00204770 trying to achieve and you know even the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00838-00204771-00204953 policies that I think he was you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00839-00204954-00205240 trying to put it to bring about I never
w_IVQzCFa2M-00840-00205241-00205421 thought about the methods that he used
w_IVQzCFa2M-00841-00205421-00205577 you know yeah I had thought about
w_IVQzCFa2M-00842-00205578-00205748 deposing tributes but I never thought
w_IVQzCFa2M-00843-00205748-00206102 about the use of sort of implicit threat
w_IVQzCFa2M-00844-00206103-00206498 to get that stuff done and and and that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00845-00206498-00206698 was that was really something where my
w_IVQzCFa2M-00846-00206700-00206921 feeling about Tiberius Caracas in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00847-00206921-00207230 particular changed I think I still think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00848-00207231-00207442 that those policies they wouldn't have
w_IVQzCFa2M-00849-00207444-00207646 had much impact you know I think even if
w_IVQzCFa2M-00850-00207648-00207857 the land reform was fully done to the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00851-00207858-00208015 degree it was possible I think the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00852-00208016-00208151 estimate is it probably would have
w_IVQzCFa2M-00853-00208152-00208376 affected out most like 25,000 families
w_IVQzCFa2M-00854-00208377-00208601 so it wouldn't have solved any problem
w_IVQzCFa2M-00855-00208602-00208853 it would have been you know a moderate
w_IVQzCFa2M-00856-00208854-00209000 solution that would have helped some
w_IVQzCFa2M-00857-00209001-00209294 people but I think the idea behind it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00858-00209294-00209555 was and the idea of sort of finding new
w_IVQzCFa2M-00859-00209556-00209732 solutions to people who are disempowered
w_IVQzCFa2M-00860-00209733-00209948 is is good but what Tiberius Krakus did
w_IVQzCFa2M-00861-00209948-00210142 in terms of his methods I think was was
w_IVQzCFa2M-00862-00210144-00210329 profoundly dangerous because it opened a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00863-00210330-00210716 sort of new way of pursuing policy that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00864-00210717-00210953 was through threat and intimidation and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00865-00210954-00211181 what he had were motivated supporters
w_IVQzCFa2M-00866-00211182-00211460 but when you move a generation later and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00867-00211461-00211646 you have Marius with armies or you have
w_IVQzCFa2M-00868-00211646-00211994 Saturninus with mobs then it's the same
w_IVQzCFa2M-00869-00211994-00212225 model that Tiberius caucus is using but
w_IVQzCFa2M-00870-00212226-00212446 the technology is better and I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-00871-00212448-00212630 that real danger with populism in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00872-00212631-00212933 Roman context is populism of state Gaius
w_IVQzCFa2M-00873-00212934-00213048 raucous
w_IVQzCFa2M-00874-00213048-00213401 is I don't think problematic you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00875-00213402-00213648 he's not actually threatening things
w_IVQzCFa2M-00876-00213648-00213953 he's just getting along yeah he's an
w_IVQzCFa2M-00877-00213954-00214229 incredible orator he has good ideas he's
w_IVQzCFa2M-00878-00214230-00214488 pushing for for solutions and you can
w_IVQzCFa2M-00879-00214489-00214757 agree or disagree with the policies but
w_IVQzCFa2M-00880-00214758-00214938 the methods I think are not gonna
w_IVQzCFa2M-00881-00214939-00215121 undermine the Republic they're not gonna
w_IVQzCFa2M-00882-00215121-00215354 undermine the basic sort of idea that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00883-00215355-00215534 political discussion is something that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00884-00215535-00215790 should be done legally and through sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00885-00215791-00215984 of representatives and magistrates and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00886-00215985-00216248 in the context that has a clearly
w_IVQzCFa2M-00887-00216250-00216546 defined set of rewards for winners and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00888-00216546-00216714 end consequences for losers
w_IVQzCFa2M-00889-00216715-00216881 and Gaius caucus was playing that game
w_IVQzCFa2M-00890-00216882-00217094 like it's supposed to be played and his
w_IVQzCFa2M-00891-00217096-00217416 policies you know one out for time and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00892-00217417-00217646 then started to not win out but someone
w_IVQzCFa2M-00893-00217648-00217859 like Marius or someone like Gaius
w_IVQzCFa2M-00894-00217860-00218006 Krakow's or someone like Cinna
w_IVQzCFa2M-00895-00218007-00218228 I mean Tiberius caucus or someone like
w_IVQzCFa2M-00896-00218229-00218496 Cinna they're pursuing populist policies
w_IVQzCFa2M-00897-00218496-00218732 but they're doing it with sort of menace
w_IVQzCFa2M-00898-00218733-00219130 and in some cases actual violence and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00899-00219131-00219371 that's something that to me is different
w_IVQzCFa2M-00900-00219373-00219671 I think when a demagogue is just using
w_IVQzCFa2M-00901-00219673-00219891 rhetoric and pursuing these ideas
w_IVQzCFa2M-00902-00219892-00220089 through a political process the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00903-00220090-00220280 political process has a way of kind of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00904-00220281-00220559 distilling that into something that if
w_IVQzCFa2M-00905-00220560-00220821 the system is functional can build
w_IVQzCFa2M-00906-00220821-00221051 around and build into a consensus that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00907-00221052-00221316 this is a good idea and that's perfectly
w_IVQzCFa2M-00908-00221317-00221592 fine you know the system must be dynamic
w_IVQzCFa2M-00909-00221592-00221898 and it must be responsive to new needs
w_IVQzCFa2M-00910-00221898-00222209 as they arrive and part of the Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00911-00222210-00222479 sort of problem in the second centuries
w_IVQzCFa2M-00912-00222480-00222765 it wasn't dynamic enough before Tiberius
w_IVQzCFa2M-00913-00222766-00222929 Gracchus you know for the generation
w_IVQzCFa2M-00914-00222930-00223239 before him and I think populism done in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00915-00223240-00223523 that context the system can accommodate
w_IVQzCFa2M-00916-00223525-00223832 that but populism done in the way that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00917-00223833-00224123 you know Claudius did it or Marius did
w_IVQzCFa2M-00918-00224125-00224394 it or Saturninus did it that's different
w_IVQzCFa2M-00919-00224394-00224633 and that's dangerous and that has
w_IVQzCFa2M-00920-00224634-00224834 nothing to do with policy that is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00921-00224835-00225008 everything to do with with mechanisms
w_IVQzCFa2M-00922-00225009-00225342 and the methods that are used I mean so
w_IVQzCFa2M-00923-00225342-00225467 I suppose that's that's how I would
w_IVQzCFa2M-00924-00225469-00225644 answer the question about populism
w_IVQzCFa2M-00925-00225646-00225871 there's nothing inherently bad about it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00926-00225873-00226163 in some ways if the system is functional
w_IVQzCFa2M-00927-00226164-00226377 it is a way
w_IVQzCFa2M-00928-00226378-00226569 basically bringing new ideas into the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00929-00226569-00226833 system to kind of be engaged with and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00930-00226834-00227148 ferment and come up with a solution that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00931-00227148-00227361 is a sort of compromise solution that a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00932-00227362-00227556 lot of people can be on board with but
w_IVQzCFa2M-00933-00227557-00227754 forcing something through by threatening
w_IVQzCFa2M-00934-00227755-00228057 opponents or compelling people to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00935-00228058-00228183 support something that they haven't yet
w_IVQzCFa2M-00936-00228184-00228459 come around to support that's profoundly
w_IVQzCFa2M-00937-00228460-00228639 dangerous because you're not using the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00938-00228640-00228906 political means you're instead basically
w_IVQzCFa2M-00939-00228907-00229059 short-circuiting the system and using
w_IVQzCFa2M-00940-00229060-00229284 something totally different so that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00941-00229285-00229598 brings me to a thought that I've I was
w_IVQzCFa2M-00942-00229600-00229817 having as I read the book and I've had
w_IVQzCFa2M-00943-00229819-00229953 it before when I think about Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-00944-00229954-00230214 politics and it's I always I can never
w_IVQzCFa2M-00945-00230215-00230463 decide whether I feel it as a sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00946-00230464-00230688 devil's advocate position or actually
w_IVQzCFa2M-00947-00230689-00230916 feel it I haven't really come to a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00948-00230917-00231273 decision on this all the way through and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00949-00231273-00231417 as you've been talking here through the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00950-00231417-00231623 book and Manas you've been talking you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00951-00231625-00231848 framed sort of political norms and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00952-00231850-00232046 constitutional norms and norms in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00953-00232048-00232246 general within the political system as
w_IVQzCFa2M-00954-00232248-00232563 essentially protective in in as you were
w_IVQzCFa2M-00955-00232564-00232677 talking about about the health of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00956-00232678-00232942 Republic of the process of compromise
w_IVQzCFa2M-00957-00232944-00233187 one of the things that I sort of wonder
w_IVQzCFa2M-00958-00233188-00233532 about is to what extent norms by their
w_IVQzCFa2M-00959-00233533-00233742 nature are protective of those already
w_IVQzCFa2M-00960-00233742-00233988 in power because they're established by
w_IVQzCFa2M-00961-00233989-00234138 and they have benefited the people who
w_IVQzCFa2M-00962-00234139-00234426 got to that particular position and in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00963-00234427-00234681 Rome in particular it's very easy to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00964-00234682-00234873 sort of look at it and see how the the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00965-00234873-00235212 constitutional norms are benefiting it
w_IVQzCFa2M-00966-00235213-00235463 not necessarily individuals but a group
w_IVQzCFa2M-00967-00235464-00235769 much more than another group yeah you
w_IVQzCFa2M-00968-00235771-00235950 know that allowing and you know all of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00969-00235951-00236112 that happens with the orders the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00970-00236113-00236328 conflict of the orders but then it once
w_IVQzCFa2M-00971-00236329-00236454 it's settled down we still have very
w_IVQzCFa2M-00972-00236455-00236625 much people who are politically are
w_IVQzCFa2M-00973-00236626-00236760 allowed to have political office people
w_IVQzCFa2M-00974-00236761-00236889 who are not people who are allowed to
w_IVQzCFa2M-00975-00236890-00237173 hold land as you said Tiberius Gracchus
w_IVQzCFa2M-00976-00237175-00237396 as reforms even if carried out would
w_IVQzCFa2M-00977-00237396-00237642 have only touched a tiny amount of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00978-00237642-00237990 problem of the inequality and and sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-00979-00237991-00238188 of some people get something out of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-00980-00238189-00238346 Roman Republic and a whole lot of people
w_IVQzCFa2M-00981-00238348-00238512 in particular the Italians as becomes
w_IVQzCFa2M-00982-00238513-00238857 clear the next generation don't yeah so
w_IVQzCFa2M-00983-00238858-00239139 how then you talk about dynamism within
w_IVQzCFa2M-00984-00239140-00239519 the system how then do we change a
w_IVQzCFa2M-00985-00239521-00239750 system that is oppressive or that
w_IVQzCFa2M-00986-00239751-00239945 unfair without challenging those
w_IVQzCFa2M-00987-00239946-00240239 political norms because if you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-00988-00240240-00240575 compromise is good but compromise is
w_IVQzCFa2M-00989-00240576-00240776 very slow and sometimes problems are
w_IVQzCFa2M-00990-00240777-00241062 much faster than that yeah and also how
w_IVQzCFa2M-00991-00241063-00241238 do we tell which norms are crucial and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00992-00241239-00241508 which ones are actually not because
w_IVQzCFa2M-00993-00241509-00241613 sometimes norms
w_IVQzCFa2M-00994-00241614-00241778 you know everybody likes civility and
w_IVQzCFa2M-00995-00241779-00241952 discourse is one that comes up in
w_IVQzCFa2M-00996-00241953-00242204 various different ways right now and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-00997-00242205-00242393 look back and forth on that daily
w_IVQzCFa2M-00998-00242394-00242688 essentially like need the norm of
w_IVQzCFa2M-00999-00242689-00242900 civility in order to be able to get
w_IVQzCFa2M-01000-00242901-00243083 anything done in any way that makes any
w_IVQzCFa2M-01001-00243084-00243359 sense or is civility just what another
w_IVQzCFa2M-01002-00243360-00243683 way of saying don't talk back know your
w_IVQzCFa2M-01003-00243684-00244022 place yeah you know and and depending on
w_IVQzCFa2M-01004-00244023-00244253 us especially because of how its wielded
w_IVQzCFa2M-01005-00244254-00244457 you know norms are wielded in all sorts
w_IVQzCFa2M-01006-00244458-00244510 of ways
w_IVQzCFa2M-01007-00244511-00244829 if Tiberius hadn't used those mechanisms
w_IVQzCFa2M-01008-00244830-00245078 that he tried to use and everything had
w_IVQzCFa2M-01009-00245079-00245375 just stayed the way it was because he
w_IVQzCFa2M-01010-00245376-00245570 wouldn't have been able to get even what
w_IVQzCFa2M-01011-00245571-00245756 he did get done without it you know as
w_IVQzCFa2M-01012-00245757-00245862 you say that was the problem with the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01013-00245863-00246146 system at the time would that have taken
w_IVQzCFa2M-01014-00246147-00246319 them the Republic down a better Road
w_IVQzCFa2M-01015-00246320-00246503 they would have still been in that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01016-00246504-00246659 rampant inequality they would have been
w_IVQzCFa2M-01017-00246660-00246869 these this you know widespread suffering
w_IVQzCFa2M-01018-00246870-00247001 and people who felt disenfranchised
w_IVQzCFa2M-01019-00247002-00247106 because they were literally
w_IVQzCFa2M-01020-00247107-00247322 disenfranchised so you know what like
w_IVQzCFa2M-01021-00247323-00247640 this is the question yeah a little bit
w_IVQzCFa2M-01022-00247641-00247997 of my radical social revolutionary
w_IVQzCFa2M-01023-00247998-00248276 background here in some political ways
w_IVQzCFa2M-01024-00248277-00248562 but you know at what point is maybe not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01025-00248563-00248972 revolution but like direct engagement
w_IVQzCFa2M-01026-00248973-00249203 with changing norms necessary and how do
w_IVQzCFa2M-01027-00249204-00249446 we tell is it just a matter of like do I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01028-00249447-00249605 like the policies they're using or not I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01029-00249606-00249818 mean you've just said no and I I know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01030-00249819-00249935 you mean that and I understand what you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01031-00249936-00250235 mean but you know MLK went against civil
w_IVQzCFa2M-01032-00250236-00250508 norms Gandhi environmental activists
w_IVQzCFa2M-01033-00250509-00250697 lots of people break norms because those
w_IVQzCFa2M-01034-00250698-00250963 norms need to be broken how do we yeah
w_IVQzCFa2M-01035-00250964-00251192 so I think that there's a couple key
w_IVQzCFa2M-01036-00251193-00251405 questions there and I want to get back
w_IVQzCFa2M-01037-00251406-00251576 to the question of norms but I want to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01038-00251577-00251783 start with the idea of what the Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01039-00251784-00252074 is a republic is not designed to be fair
w_IVQzCFa2M-01040-00252075-00252230 and I think that's that's one of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01041-00252231-00252533 sort of central stabilizing forces but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01042-00252534-00252757 also one of the main vices of a republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01043-00252758-00253040 people's voices matter differently you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01044-00253041-00253063 know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01045-00253064-00253221 I live in California my vote for
w_IVQzCFa2M-01046-00253223-00253407 president matters less than someone who
w_IVQzCFa2M-01047-00253408-00253594 lives in Wyoming that's how its set up
w_IVQzCFa2M-01048-00253594-00253816 it's not fair
w_IVQzCFa2M-01049-00253817-00254229 and in a sense the basic idea of a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01050-00254230-00254451 republic when we engage with it we have
w_IVQzCFa2M-01051-00254452-00254604 to think about you know what level of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01052-00254605-00254802 unfairness is tolerable and is the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01053-00254803-00255046 republic capable of becoming more fair
w_IVQzCFa2M-01054-00255046-00255333 and I think what you see in these in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01055-00255334-00255696 Roman Republic is there's considerable
w_IVQzCFa2M-01056-00255698-00255846 unfairness at the beginning of this
w_IVQzCFa2M-01057-00255848-00256077 there's less unfairness as you go along
w_IVQzCFa2M-01058-00256078-00256350 but there's always unfairness and and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01059-00256351-00256605 what you see in the periods of sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01060-00256606-00256917 dynamic reform is there are conditions
w_IVQzCFa2M-01061-00256919-00257137 that are set to bring new groups in but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01062-00257138-00257296 these groups that get a voice that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01063-00257296-00257523 matters are always elites but there are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01064-00257524-00257821 larger and larger circles of elites and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01065-00257821-00258121 then in the 140s you see a sort of set
w_IVQzCFa2M-01066-00258121-00258346 of processes that are agreed out
w_IVQzCFa2M-01067-00258346-00258678 politically that expands you know that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01068-00258679-00258933 creates secret ballots that sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01069-00258934-00259192 creative mechanisms for voting that are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01070-00259192-00259428 more you know protected and less sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01071-00259429-00259704 transparent in that they can't see how
w_IVQzCFa2M-01072-00259705-00259929 you're voting and so there are reforms
w_IVQzCFa2M-01073-00259930-00260223 that are coming about in the 140s and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01074-00260224-00260421 then as you sort of move you know as you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01075-00260423-00260569 move through the later history of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01076-00260569-00260721 Republic what you see is there is an
w_IVQzCFa2M-01077-00260723-00260958 expansion of sort of access to higher
w_IVQzCFa2M-01078-00260959-00261271 office and franchise to larger sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01079-00261271-00261567 circles of people it's never fair you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01080-00261569-00261807 know it's never a gala terian the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01081-00261808-00261988 circles of people who participate at the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01082-00261989-00262335 highest levels are always elites and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01083-00262336-00262773 that's true throughout and you know is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01084-00262774-00263031 that ideal no you know that's not how a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01085-00263032-00263197 republic should function and the United
w_IVQzCFa2M-01086-00263198-00263362 States is a great example of a republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01087-00263363-00263559 that does not function fairly you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01088-00263560-00263805 the voices of certain people have always
w_IVQzCFa2M-01089-00263806-00264099 mattered more and the voices of people
w_IVQzCFa2M-01090-00264100-00264442 in representative positions tend to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01091-00264443-00264643 almost always the United States be elite
w_IVQzCFa2M-01092-00264644-00265012 voices the question is then about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01093-00265013-00265281 civility I grew up outside in New York
w_IVQzCFa2M-01094-00265282-00265537 my concept of civility is very different
w_IVQzCFa2M-01095-00265538-00265823 from the concept of civility in Canada
w_IVQzCFa2M-01096-00265824-00266148 it's still civil right like if you're in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01097-00266149-00266349 New York and something goes wrong and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01098-00266350-00266391 you yeah
w_IVQzCFa2M-01099-00266392-00266582 let somebody and you tell them
w_IVQzCFa2M-01100-00266583-00266805 explicitly that you're upset and this is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01101-00266806-00267114 why you're upset in New York code that's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01102-00267115-00267453 still civil if you're in Indiana
w_IVQzCFa2M-01103-00267454-00267684 it is not civil you have not been civil
w_IVQzCFa2M-01104-00267685-00267873 at all you've been hostile you've been
w_IVQzCFa2M-01105-00267874-00268137 aggressive and it will not be seen as
w_IVQzCFa2M-01106-00268138-00268365 something that's acceptable and so I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01107-00268366-00268611 think the question of you know what are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01108-00268612-00268764 the terms of civility that are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01109-00268765-00268908 appropriate to the moment these are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01110-00268909-00269124 things that I think we can really we can
w_IVQzCFa2M-01111-00269125-00269400 really think about and struggle with but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01112-00269401-00269754 I think that basically what a republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01113-00269755-00270276 promises is ultimately that and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01114-00270277-00270387 suppose what any political system
w_IVQzCFa2M-01115-00270388-00270761 promises is you will be able to behave
w_IVQzCFa2M-01116-00270762-00270972 politically and you will know the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01117-00270973-00271143 consequences for that political behavior
w_IVQzCFa2M-01118-00271144-00271365 and in a Republican system the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01119-00271366-00271512 consequences of the political behavior
w_IVQzCFa2M-01120-00271513-00271929 is in essence if you win your policy
w_IVQzCFa2M-01121-00271930-00272109 will probably be implemented in some way
w_IVQzCFa2M-01122-00272110-00272301 but probably not exactly as you want it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01123-00272302-00272517 to be and if you lose you lose
w_IVQzCFa2M-01124-00272518-00272724 and probably you maybe don't win the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01125-00272725-00272955 next election but you won't be killed
w_IVQzCFa2M-01126-00272956-00273189 you won't be imprisoned you won't lose
w_IVQzCFa2M-01127-00273190-00273429 your property and this was the basic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01128-00273430-00273570 deal that I think the Roman Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01129-00273571-00273944 more or less made I think as long as
w_IVQzCFa2M-01130-00273945-00274305 political discussion takes place within
w_IVQzCFa2M-01131-00274306-00274494 a context where no one is going to lose
w_IVQzCFa2M-01132-00274495-00274650 their Liberty their property or their
w_IVQzCFa2M-01133-00274651-00274989 lives I think you're still in a context
w_IVQzCFa2M-01134-00274990-00275160 where that's a civil discussion that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01135-00275161-00275304 does that mean that you're yelling at
w_IVQzCFa2M-01136-00275305-00275451 people does it mean you're expressing
w_IVQzCFa2M-01137-00275452-00275610 strong feelings I think absolutely
w_IVQzCFa2M-01138-00275611-00275934 that's perfectly fine does it mean that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01139-00275935-00276120 you're not serving Kellyanne Conway in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01140-00276121-00276474 your restaurant I think that's fine but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01141-00276475-00276912 it but but it's not okay to club
w_IVQzCFa2M-01142-00276913-00277086 Kellyanne Conway outside of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01143-00277087-00277467 restaurant and I think that's I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-01144-00277468-00277728 that's the limit that we have to set I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01145-00277729-00277995 think radical action within the context
w_IVQzCFa2M-01146-00277996-00278274 of a political system is something that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01147-00278275-00278529 if that political system is healthy it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01148-00278530-00278793 can dynamically adapt to that if that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01149-00278794-00278931 position is something that needs to be
w_IVQzCFa2M-01150-00278932-00279065 taken seriously that there's a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01151-00279066-00279408 constituency for it might take a while
w_IVQzCFa2M-01152-00279409-00279681 for that to filter up into a policy that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01153-00279682-00279741 can be M
w_IVQzCFa2M-01154-00279742-00280007 mented but i think that it is possible
w_IVQzCFa2M-01155-00280008-00280242 that that policy can be implemented and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01156-00280243-00280682 this was I think in some level no the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01157-00280683-00280853 genius of Martin Luther King you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01158-00280854-00281123 was recognizing a sort of mechanism that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01159-00281124-00281477 was political you know it wasn't violent
w_IVQzCFa2M-01160-00281478-00281838 and and that was a way to do things that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01161-00281839-00282029 were incredibly radical and affect
w_IVQzCFa2M-01162-00282030-00282315 change in a radical way it didn't happen
w_IVQzCFa2M-01163-00282316-00282501 as fast as it should have
w_IVQzCFa2M-01164-00282502-00282801 it didn't happen quickly but it happened
w_IVQzCFa2M-01165-00282802-00283020 and it happened without this sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01166-00283021-00283256 widespread violence you know that could
w_IVQzCFa2M-01167-00283257-00283403 have accompanied the push for that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01168-00283404-00283682 change and that's you know that's an
w_IVQzCFa2M-01169-00283683-00283893 incredible testament to somebody like
w_IVQzCFa2M-01170-00283894-00284009 Martin Luther King or somebody like
w_IVQzCFa2M-01171-00284010-00284255 Gandhi or even someone like Mandela who
w_IVQzCFa2M-01172-00284256-00284574 can see that radical change is possible
w_IVQzCFa2M-01173-00284575-00284823 it will take a long time but there will
w_IVQzCFa2M-01174-00284824-00284994 be tension that will build up in a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01175-00284995-00285213 system that doesn't value everybody's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01176-00285214-00285453 voice equally but eventually if that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01177-00285454-00285758 tension builds up enough enough voices
w_IVQzCFa2M-01178-00285759-00285935 will need to be heard that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01179-00285936-00286125 representation will have to either adapt
w_IVQzCFa2M-01180-00286126-00286371 or disappear you know those people will
w_IVQzCFa2M-01181-00286372-00286610 either have to listen to those voices or
w_IVQzCFa2M-01182-00286611-00286835 either get voted out or basically make
w_IVQzCFa2M-01183-00286836-00287057 it so those voices don't matter anymore
w_IVQzCFa2M-01184-00287058-00287346 and a healthy republic won't go the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01185-00287347-00287603 latter route it will instead I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-01186-00287604-00287928 adapt eventually and the genius of sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-01187-00287929-00288134 of Roman reformers in the 140s and early
w_IVQzCFa2M-01188-00288135-00288471 130s was they did make it adapt it was
w_IVQzCFa2M-01189-00288472-00288731 moving slowly but proposals like what
w_IVQzCFa2M-01190-00288732-00288990 siberius caucus proposed were floated in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01191-00288991-00289191 the 140s and blocked but it was there
w_IVQzCFa2M-01192-00289192-00289409 you know the idea for it was there the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01193-00289410-00289760 need for it was there and had it not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01194-00289761-00289938 come from Tiberius Caracas but from
w_IVQzCFa2M-01195-00289939-00290078 somebody else and how to come in a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01196-00290079-00290325 conventional way it might actually have
w_IVQzCFa2M-01197-00290326-00290568 been implemented in a meaningful fashion
w_IVQzCFa2M-01198-00290569-00290879 without violence it also might not have
w_IVQzCFa2M-01199-00290880-00291167 but I think the the decision to move
w_IVQzCFa2M-01200-00291168-00291530 radically towards Menace and threat and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01201-00291531-00291816 violence is dangerous and it is in a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01202-00291817-00292077 sense I think a pessimistic move saying
w_IVQzCFa2M-01203-00292078-00292269 either you don't think the Republic is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01204-00292270-00292569 capable of responding or you're just
w_IVQzCFa2M-01205-00292570-00292931 uncomfortable you're uncomfortable with
w_IVQzCFa2M-01206-00292932-00293088 the pace at which that response will
w_IVQzCFa2M-01207-00293089-00293136 come
w_IVQzCFa2M-01208-00293137-00293355 again I think it it's maybe more of an
w_IVQzCFa2M-01209-00293356-00293583 optimistic take it's been a radical take
w_IVQzCFa2M-01210-00293584-00293820 but I think you do have examples in a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01211-00293821-00293988 lot of these republics that are you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01212-00293989-00294240 fundamentally not equal and where voices
w_IVQzCFa2M-01213-00294241-00294552 are not equally heard we're still the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01214-00294553-00294957 the push for change is heard eventually
w_IVQzCFa2M-01215-00294958-00295170 of course unfortunately the way it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01216-00295171-00295410 sometimes works in practice is those
w_IVQzCFa2M-01217-00295411-00295616 attempts at non-violent political
w_IVQzCFa2M-01218-00295617-00295944 mechanism mechanisms do lead to violent
w_IVQzCFa2M-01219-00295945-00296163 pushback I mean dramatically and yeah
w_IVQzCFa2M-01220-00296164-00296337 Martin Luther King but also I mean if we
w_IVQzCFa2M-01221-00296338-00296490 think of the protester in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01222-00296491-00296658 Charlottesville who was killed and then
w_IVQzCFa2M-01223-00296659-00296847 later half the President of the United
w_IVQzCFa2M-01224-00296848-00297093 States talked about you know the the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01225-00297094-00297299 people against her as being fine people
w_IVQzCFa2M-01226-00297300-00297612 so that's that's a place where like
w_IVQzCFa2M-01227-00297613-00297789 that's in a way where you talk about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01228-00297790-00297984 that's not civility according to the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01229-00297985-00298224 definition you just gave I guess even if
w_IVQzCFa2M-01230-00298225-00298407 the words are all polite it's actually
w_IVQzCFa2M-01231-00298408-00298596 non civility because it's condoning
w_IVQzCFa2M-01232-00298597-00298908 violence right right no I think that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01233-00298909-00299139 that's that's a step that is you know a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01234-00299140-00299388 contour counter to what a republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01235-00299389-00299562 should be right violence should not be
w_IVQzCFa2M-01236-00299563-00299817 part of it but I think also the thing
w_IVQzCFa2M-01237-00299818-00300105 the question will be is Trump ultimately
w_IVQzCFa2M-01238-00300106-00300420 punished for that he can't in a sense be
w_IVQzCFa2M-01239-00300421-00300582 punished in the conditions that the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01240-00300583-00300771 Republic set for that kind of conduct
w_IVQzCFa2M-01241-00300772-00301101 until 2020 and it is he punished and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01242-00301102-00301260 think that will say a lot about the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01243-00301261-00301413 strength of where the United States is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01244-00301414-00301758 you know is is that kind of condoning of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01245-00301759-00301998 violent behavior something that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01246-00301999-00302220 Americans do step back and say this is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01247-00302221-00302451 this is contrary to how our state should
w_IVQzCFa2M-01248-00302452-00302613 function this is contrary to whatever
w_IVQzCFa2M-01249-00302614-00302856 Republic does and this is an example of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01250-00302857-00303126 us not sort of basically providing that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01251-00303127-00303375 basic security that political activity
w_IVQzCFa2M-01252-00303376-00303840 should not result in physical harm and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01253-00303841-00304086 if Trump is not punished and it says you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01254-00304087-00304332 know there is a there's a breakdown in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01255-00304333-00304476 that particular consensus and that's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01256-00304477-00304761 worrying but in a sense the Republic in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01257-00304762-00305031 also sets the kind of the terms for how
w_IVQzCFa2M-01258-00305032-00305193 that punishment can be meted out by
w_IVQzCFa2M-01259-00305194-00305562 regular people and you know he in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01260-00305563-00305850 essence hasn't kind of come before that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01261-00305851-00306105 popular jury yet and it will be telling
w_IVQzCFa2M-01262-00306106-00306262 to see where we are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01263-00306263-00306478 and and what the response is to all of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01264-00306479-00306682 the kinds of things that he's condoned
w_IVQzCFa2M-01265-00306683-00307425 but again I mean if we make it we make
w_IVQzCFa2M-01266-00307426-00307639 given that we're recording this in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01267-00307640-00307801 midst of the government shutdown week
w_IVQzCFa2M-01268-00307802-00308392 three yeah two days from the record or
w_IVQzCFa2M-01269-00308393-00308557 something I mean I realize there's a big
w_IVQzCFa2M-01270-00308558-00308689 difference between government shutdown
w_IVQzCFa2M-01271-00308690-00308926 and like follow the Republic I'm not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01272-00308927-00309106 trying to equate those two things just
w_IVQzCFa2M-01273-00309107-00309493 saying speaking of norms being pushed at
w_IVQzCFa2M-01274-00309494-00309847 least this is pretty extreme yeah I mean
w_IVQzCFa2M-01275-00309848-00310008 and I think you know if you want to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01276-00310009-00310204 think again with something Roman the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01277-00310205-00310407 sort of failures to hold elections that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01278-00310408-00310729 start in the 50s initially it's you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01279-00310730-00310939 a couple weeks and then eventually it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01280-00310940-00311140 like no they don't hold them in an
w_IVQzCFa2M-01281-00311141-00311323 entire year yeah yeah and that would
w_IVQzCFa2M-01282-00311324-00311503 have been horrifying even you know three
w_IVQzCFa2M-01283-00311504-00311626 years before people would have been
w_IVQzCFa2M-01284-00311627-00311818 appalled by the fact that Rome didn't
w_IVQzCFa2M-01285-00311819-00312025 hold elections for you know an in nearly
w_IVQzCFa2M-01286-00312026-00312298 an entire year but once the sort of norm
w_IVQzCFa2M-01287-00312299-00312574 is broken it's always open to be broken
w_IVQzCFa2M-01288-00312575-00312880 almost and the government shutdowns in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01289-00312881-00313045 the 90s people thought this was insane
w_IVQzCFa2M-01290-00313046-00313382 and now it just happens all the time
w_IVQzCFa2M-01291-00313383-00313699 it's it's almost unremarkable that this
w_IVQzCFa2M-01292-00313700-00313864 is you know that we that the United
w_IVQzCFa2M-01293-00313865-00314068 States does this it's just kind of par
w_IVQzCFa2M-01294-00314069-00314389 for how we behave now and that again is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01295-00314390-00314692 a remarkable erosion in norms mm-hmm so
w_IVQzCFa2M-01296-00314693-00314863 is there any backtracking I mean once
w_IVQzCFa2M-01297-00314864-00315055 the damage has been done and a lot of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01298-00315056-00315268 damage is being done by Trump you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01299-00315269-00315408 can you put the genie back in the bottle
w_IVQzCFa2M-01300-00315409-00315682 now and not just Trump let's just not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01301-00315683-00315853 divide in that way just a little bit but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01302-00315854-00316035 yeah you know whole mechanism people
w_IVQzCFa2M-01303-00316036-00316383 that he's you know allowed to people who
w_IVQzCFa2M-01304-00316384-00316513 are enabling him and the people he
w_IVQzCFa2M-01305-00316514-00316843 enables yeah yeah I think that's the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01306-00316844-00317002 real that's the real danger you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01307-00317003-00317254 Romans were were able to do this for
w_IVQzCFa2M-01308-00317255-00317638 moments Romans were able after Silla to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01309-00317639-00317794 basically step back from the horror of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01310-00317795-00318064 all of this and kind of muddle through I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01311-00318065-00318328 don't think anybody was you know they'd
w_IVQzCFa2M-01312-00318329-00318595 they in a sense kind of just moved on
w_IVQzCFa2M-01313-00318596-00318976 and there's a horror in Pompey and in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01314-00318977-00319189 Crassus and I think especially in Caesar
w_IVQzCFa2M-01315-00319190-00319506 for what so it did
w_IVQzCFa2M-01316-00319507-00319737 that shaped the way they behave I mean I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01317-00319738-00320040 I personally think that Cilla's conduct
w_IVQzCFa2M-01318-00320041-00320246 towards Caesar and members of his family
w_IVQzCFa2M-01319-00320247-00320595 helped influence Caesar to be as sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01320-00320596-00320787 willing to pardon adversaries as he was
w_IVQzCFa2M-01321-00320788-00321054 there's there's a horror I think that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01322-00321055-00321186 causes a retrenchment
w_IVQzCFa2M-01323-00321187-00321504 and it's I think possible that Trump may
w_IVQzCFa2M-01324-00321505-00321891 be horrible enough that we step back but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01325-00321892-00322071 the stepping back in Rome didn't
w_IVQzCFa2M-01326-00322072-00322335 actually solve the problem it in a sense
w_IVQzCFa2M-01327-00322336-00322503 that there there are things that we are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01328-00322504-00322758 horrified to do but that doesn't mean
w_IVQzCFa2M-01329-00322759-00323010 that we actually need to sort of double
w_IVQzCFa2M-01330-00323011-00323175 down and protect our Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01331-00323176-00323403 the postal in Republic was you know as
w_IVQzCFa2M-01332-00323404-00323637 Harry flower is shown not stable at all
w_IVQzCFa2M-01333-00323638-00323853 there was no there was a consensus that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01334-00323854-00324078 we should have a republic but there was
w_IVQzCFa2M-01335-00324079-00324261 not really a consensus that the Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01336-00324262-00324402 that still is set up is what we should
w_IVQzCFa2M-01337-00324403-00324852 have and I think that that that would be
w_IVQzCFa2M-01338-00324853-00325038 the real question is is after Trump what
w_IVQzCFa2M-01339-00325039-00325254 happens and then how great is the damage
w_IVQzCFa2M-01340-00325255-00325557 but I think as maybe Mark said earlier
w_IVQzCFa2M-01341-00325558-00325800 this process started a long time ago
w_IVQzCFa2M-01342-00325801-00325935 mm-hmm
w_IVQzCFa2M-01343-00325936-00326118 you know the Gingrich behavior in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01344-00326119-00326514 90s that was incredibly destructive to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01345-00326515-00326754 the basic norms of the American Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01346-00326755-00326994 and you know and that set a lot of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01347-00326995-00327171 precedents for how things are happening
w_IVQzCFa2M-01348-00327172-00327354 now government shutdown is the best
w_IVQzCFa2M-01349-00327355-00327615 example perhaps but blocking nominees
w_IVQzCFa2M-01350-00327616-00327807 and a lot of the things that we've seen
w_IVQzCFa2M-01351-00327808-00328116 that are not Trump not Trump but you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01352-00328117-00328278 know just part of the general political
w_IVQzCFa2M-01353-00328279-00328572 climate that kind of helps help get us
w_IVQzCFa2M-01354-00328573-00328863 to Trump those have roots that are quite
w_IVQzCFa2M-01355-00328864-00329103 deep you know a generation ago they were
w_IVQzCFa2M-01356-00329104-00329300 still doing they were doing these things
w_IVQzCFa2M-01357-00329301-00329688 and I think that's the that's something
w_IVQzCFa2M-01358-00329689-00329970 that we see you know the Roman example
w_IVQzCFa2M-01359-00329971-00330222 says that these processes if they unfold
w_IVQzCFa2M-01360-00330223-00330354 there's sort of two steps you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01361-00330355-00330597 there's responding to the individual but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01362-00330598-00330744 then there's also responding to these
w_IVQzCFa2M-01363-00330745-00331032 kinds of conditions that that are kind
w_IVQzCFa2M-01364-00331033-00331314 of unfolding that help sort of set the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01365-00331315-00331572 stage for an individual to kind of come
w_IVQzCFa2M-01366-00331573-00331767 up and behave in the way that some of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01367-00331768-00332007 these people do I have other questions
w_IVQzCFa2M-01368-00332008-00332205 about Rome but I will say one of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01369-00332206-00332349 things that doing having this
w_IVQzCFa2M-01370-00332350-00332586 conversation really does is bring home
w_IVQzCFa2M-01371-00332587-00332793 for me in a way that I knew
w_IVQzCFa2M-01372-00332794-00332856 intellectually
w_IVQzCFa2M-01373-00332857-00332997 but I've just not spent a lot of time
w_IVQzCFa2M-01374-00332998-00333309 thinking about how very different the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01375-00333310-00333444 Republican system is from a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01376-00333445-00333696 parliamentary system you know and I know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01377-00333697-00333888 I know that I'm not saying anything
w_IVQzCFa2M-01378-00333889-00334098 people don't know but you know there's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01379-00334099-00334290 general because of the the throwing
w_IVQzCFa2M-01380-00334291-00334518 around of the term democracy as you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01381-00334519-00334683 the catch word of the West and all the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01382-00334684-00334872 rest of it there's a termed tendency to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01383-00334873-00335214 lump all of you know Canada the UK the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01384-00335215-00335553 US in together as in an opposition to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01385-00335554-00335787 autocracies and dictatorships and things
w_IVQzCFa2M-01386-00335788-00336147 like that yeah that I forget sometimes I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01387-00336148-00336306 mean it is always brought home at every
w_IVQzCFa2M-01388-00336307-00336477 election cycle which apparently is all
w_IVQzCFa2M-01389-00336478-00336846 the time now but but you know how
w_IVQzCFa2M-01390-00336847-00337011 there's so many things that are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01391-00337012-00337134 different between the way politics work
w_IVQzCFa2M-01392-00337135-00337347 in Canada and the US but when you were
w_IVQzCFa2M-01393-00337348-00337521 talking about you know Republic being
w_IVQzCFa2M-01394-00337522-00337749 structurally unfair we're a republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01395-00337750-00338073 being not necessarily a republic has to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01396-00338074-00338181 be but the Republic's are not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01397-00338182-00338445 necessarily built to be fair yeah and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01398-00338446-00338556 was recently listening to another
w_IVQzCFa2M-01399-00338557-00338789 podcast it's actually ancient Greece
w_IVQzCFa2M-01400-00338790-00339087 Declassified and they had he had an
w_IVQzCFa2M-01401-00339088-00339243 interview with someone talking about and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01402-00339244-00339399 I didn't write down her name and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01403-00339400-00339711 apologized to her right now about 18th
w_IVQzCFa2M-01404-00339712-00339936 century views of the ancient world and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01405-00339937-00340089 in particular the founders of the US and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01406-00340090-00340260 she was looking at early Revolutionary
w_IVQzCFa2M-01407-00340261-00340593 War views of the ancient world and they
w_IVQzCFa2M-01408-00340594-00340797 were talking about how Rome was the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01409-00340798-00340995 model of course as we know but how they
w_IVQzCFa2M-01410-00340996-00341154 essentially thought Athenian democracy
w_IVQzCFa2M-01411-00341155-00341580 was ludicrous and completely out to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01412-00341581-00341739 lunch and that anybody who threw
w_IVQzCFa2M-01413-00341740-00341958 themselves open to the mercy of the mob
w_IVQzCFa2M-01414-00341959-00342333 like that was just ridiculous yeah and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01415-00342334-00342588 which I mean I kind of knew vaguely but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01416-00342589-00342744 hadn't heard what she was sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01417-00342745-00342975 quoting various of the you know authors
w_IVQzCFa2M-01418-00342976-00343125 of the Federalist Papers and things on
w_IVQzCFa2M-01419-00343126-00343392 on these topics and putting it very
w_IVQzCFa2M-01420-00343393-00343695 clearly how much they just thought no no
w_IVQzCFa2M-01421-00343696-00343905 way no how are we doing anything like
w_IVQzCFa2M-01422-00343906-00344106 that that's that's democracy that's not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01423-00344107-00344358 what we want yeah you know not that a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01424-00344359-00344517 parliamentary system has any claim to be
w_IVQzCFa2M-01425-00344518-00344685 in your direct democracy it absolutely
w_IVQzCFa2M-01426-00344686-00344865 does not and there's lots of structural
w_IVQzCFa2M-01427-00344866-00345117 inequalities built into but you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01428-00345118-00345279 listening to this and thinking about it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01429-00345280-00345423 really brings home to me how very
w_IVQzCFa2M-01430-00345424-00345708 different the systems are even though on
w_IVQzCFa2M-01431-00345709-00345849 the surface they can seem quite similar
w_IVQzCFa2M-01432-00345850-00346110 yeah I think in in a Republican system
w_IVQzCFa2M-01433-00346111-00346220 that's functional that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01434-00346221-00346430 true in the United States right now I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01435-00346431-00346676 think we're moving to a point where the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01436-00346677-00346925 parties are behaving like parliamentary
w_IVQzCFa2M-01437-00346926-00347221 parties in parliamentary democracy and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01438-00347222-00347444 they aren't compromising and they're
w_IVQzCFa2M-01439-00347445-00347594 using the tools that are supposed to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01440-00347595-00347833 sort of prevent this kind of thing from
w_IVQzCFa2M-01441-00347834-00348098 happening to basically block any kind of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01442-00348099-00348272 discussion of ideas they don't like and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01443-00348273-00348532 so I think that's you know that's a real
w_IVQzCFa2M-01444-00348533-00348735 danger because in a parliamentary system
w_IVQzCFa2M-01445-00348736-00348989 that's kind of the rule of the game you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01446-00348990-00349202 know that when you're electing when
w_IVQzCFa2M-01447-00349203-00349328 you're choosing yeah when you're
w_IVQzCFa2M-01448-00349329-00349457 choosing your representatives you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01449-00349458-00349580 that that's the power they're going to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01450-00349581-00349799 have we also have more than two parties
w_IVQzCFa2M-01451-00349800-00349955 which makes a big difference about how
w_IVQzCFa2M-01452-00349956-00350204 far anybody can go any one direction
w_IVQzCFa2M-01453-00350205-00350426 cuz there's you know things don't get
w_IVQzCFa2M-01454-00350427-00350651 just diametrically opposed necessarily I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01455-00350652-00350870 mean sometimes they end up that way we
w_IVQzCFa2M-01456-00350871-00350999 do have the two main parties but we have
w_IVQzCFa2M-01457-00351000-00351317 other parties and also you can like you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01458-00351318-00351599 can depose a leader at any point you can
w_IVQzCFa2M-01459-00351600-00351878 call votes of no confidence you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01460-00351879-00352007 like there are there are a whole bunch
w_IVQzCFa2M-01461-00352008-00352229 of mechanisms built into the process not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01462-00352230-00352430 for compromise necessarily but for
w_IVQzCFa2M-01463-00352431-00352664 putting a halt to it saying nope stop
w_IVQzCFa2M-01464-00352665-00352960 right we're not doing this anymore we
w_IVQzCFa2M-01465-00352961-00353198 need to we need to be retry we need a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01466-00353199-00353474 new new election start again let's check
w_IVQzCFa2M-01467-00353475-00353597 that everybody's still on board with us
w_IVQzCFa2M-01468-00353598-00353804 there that you know it's radical but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01469-00353805-00354032 it's within the norms of the system to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01470-00354033-00354179 do that yeah and it's interesting when
w_IVQzCFa2M-01471-00354180-00354347 you you hear anecdotally about all of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01472-00354348-00354610 these people who voted for Republicans
w_IVQzCFa2M-01473-00354611-00354851 in 2016 to serve as a check on Hillary
w_IVQzCFa2M-01474-00354852-00355052 Clinton yeah without realizing what that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01475-00355053-00355247 actually was doing yeah but I think the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01476-00355248-00355517 idea of sort of serving as a check is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01477-00355518-00355817 actually I mean I wish we would think of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01478-00355818-00356030 it differently you know it's not serving
w_IVQzCFa2M-01479-00356031-00356264 as a check it's not stopping them it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01480-00356265-00356531 should be moderating them right and it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01481-00356532-00356720 should be pushing an agenda that's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01482-00356721-00356966 different to try to sort of encourage a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01483-00356967-00357179 conversation that moves forward that has
w_IVQzCFa2M-01484-00357180-00357508 sort of broad support and you know and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01485-00357509-00357653 think we've just sort of we've moved
w_IVQzCFa2M-01486-00357654-00357845 into this shorthand where we talk about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01487-00357846-00358112 our republic as a democracy it's not and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01488-00358113-00358352 it's not fair like a democracy is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01489-00358353-00358681 supposed to be fair and that you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01490-00358682-00358937 recognizing that unfairness I think can
w_IVQzCFa2M-01491-00358938-00359110 promote a conversation about what those
w_IVQzCFa2M-01492-00359111-00359310 inequalities are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01493-00359311-00359472 whether those inequalities are desirable
w_IVQzCFa2M-01494-00359473-00359823 I'm generally they're not but but if you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01495-00359824-00360000 don't even acknowledge they're there you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01496-00360001-00360192 don't see that it's a feature of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01497-00360193-00360393 system instead of kind of an accident
w_IVQzCFa2M-01498-00360394-00360576 you know then you aren't talking about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01499-00360577-00360897 say disenfranchising 1.4 million felons
w_IVQzCFa2M-01500-00360898-00361188 in florida you you just you don't see
w_IVQzCFa2M-01501-00361189-00361488 that in a sense that dynamic sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01502-00361489-00361704 response needs to happen because you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01503-00361705-00361887 don't actually imagine that you know you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01504-00361888-00362079 know you don't know your system for what
w_IVQzCFa2M-01505-00362080-00362370 it is and you also sort of think about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01506-00362371-00362574 people who are serving as
w_IVQzCFa2M-01507-00362575-00362694 representatives in that system
w_IVQzCFa2M-01508-00362695-00362913 differently without understanding what
w_IVQzCFa2M-01509-00362914-00363075 their actual function is supposed to be
w_IVQzCFa2M-01510-00363076-00363261 you instead empower them to do things
w_IVQzCFa2M-01511-00363262-00363438 that are contrary to the interest of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01512-00363439-00363765 that system anyway I realized we've kind
w_IVQzCFa2M-01513-00363766-00364482 of strayed into straight-up these are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01514-00364483-00364695 the things that are brought up and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01515-00364696-00364839 thought it was really interesting how
w_IVQzCFa2M-01516-00364840-00365034 you do frame it at the beginning in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01517-00365035-00365292 very first chapter you frame it as in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01518-00365293-00365616 this time of change and threats to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01519-00365617-00365894 Republic's around the world and and such
w_IVQzCFa2M-01520-00365895-00366246 this story seems interesting to me but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01521-00366247-00366390 then from then on you never draw that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01522-00366391-00366645 parallel again in an explicit way you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01523-00366646-00366756 know and I think that was an interesting
w_IVQzCFa2M-01524-00366757-00367047 choice to not or at least I don't feel
w_IVQzCFa2M-01525-00367048-00367224 like you do as you go through you don't
w_IVQzCFa2M-01526-00367225-00367464 say you know you know say like Tiberius
w_IVQzCFa2M-01527-00367465-00367695 did this which is the like when Newt
w_IVQzCFa2M-01528-00367696-00367970 Gingrich you know refused to let people
w_IVQzCFa2M-01529-00367971-00368214 appoint the Senate and Supreme Court
w_IVQzCFa2M-01530-00368215-00368385 justices or whatever you know you don't
w_IVQzCFa2M-01531-00368386-00368667 make those contemporary parallels
w_IVQzCFa2M-01532-00368668-00368901 explicit you allow up people to sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01533-00368902-00369141 draw those conclusions I wanted this to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01534-00369142-00369312 be a book that did justice to the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01535-00369313-00369546 Republic and then tried to do justice to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01536-00369547-00369810 the sort of the Roman story in a way
w_IVQzCFa2M-01537-00369811-00370212 that you know again I I don't think that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01538-00370213-00370383 they're the same but I think that the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01539-00370384-00370599 Roman story gives us tools to think with
w_IVQzCFa2M-01540-00370600-00370890 and what I've found with my students
w_IVQzCFa2M-01541-00370891-00371085 especially is you know that they don't
w_IVQzCFa2M-01542-00371086-00371262 want a dogmatic interpretation of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01543-00371263-00371472 anything that happens in the past but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01544-00371473-00371658 they want to know about the past so that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01545-00371659-00371874 they can sort of use it just think about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01546-00371875-00372015 what's going on around them yeah but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01547-00372016-00372159 they don't want you to tell you what to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01548-00372160-00372306 they don't want you to tell them what it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01549-00372307-00372543 means you know they want to know about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01550-00372544-00372685 it so they can think about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01551-00372686-00373080 mm-hmm and and I I felt very sort of I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01552-00373081-00373377 felt that it was doing the right thing
w_IVQzCFa2M-01553-00373378-00373651 to the material and and to the and for
w_IVQzCFa2M-01554-00373652-00374002 the readers to sort of just do my best
w_IVQzCFa2M-01555-00374003-00374254 to give them an account of what I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01556-00374255-00374500 thought was happening in Rome and the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01557-00374501-00374743 analogies that they saw would I think be
w_IVQzCFa2M-01558-00374744-00375070 you know be productive but productive in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01559-00375071-00375289 whatever way they wanted to go with them
w_IVQzCFa2M-01560-00375290-00375538 obviously you know there are people who
w_IVQzCFa2M-01561-00375539-00375688 are a lot smarter than me who can who
w_IVQzCFa2M-01562-00375689-00375832 can read this and see things that I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01563-00375833-00376060 wouldn't see and and I don't want a sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-01564-00376061-00376474 of I don't want a short circuit anyone
w_IVQzCFa2M-01565-00376475-00376534 else
w_IVQzCFa2M-01566-00376535-00376801 responding to this material by sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01567-00376802-00376966 imposing a modern interpretation on
w_IVQzCFa2M-01568-00376967-00377080 something that is you know it's not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01569-00377081-00377377 modern it looks like it gives us some
w_IVQzCFa2M-01570-00377378-00377560 ways to think about modern conditions
w_IVQzCFa2M-01571-00377561-00377929 but in me imposing a sort of explicit
w_IVQzCFa2M-01572-00377930-00378166 comparison I think prevents other people
w_IVQzCFa2M-01573-00378167-00378412 from making their own comparisons yeah
w_IVQzCFa2M-01574-00378413-00378562 and that's that sort of made me think
w_IVQzCFa2M-01575-00378563-00378778 you talked a bit about this in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01576-00378779-00378997 preface that part of the inspiration for
w_IVQzCFa2M-01577-00378998-00379231 this was from classroom experience with
w_IVQzCFa2M-01578-00379232-00379471 your students yeah and that seems to me
w_IVQzCFa2M-01579-00379472-00379780 a you know a really important thing to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01580-00379781-00379987 for us to you know bring our teaching
w_IVQzCFa2M-01581-00379988-00380311 into our research and and vice versa
w_IVQzCFa2M-01582-00380312-00380596 and and also that that the product of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01583-00380597-00380854 this was a book that is accessible to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01584-00380855-00381142 non specialist so it is in a sense
w_IVQzCFa2M-01585-00381143-00381454 public facing scholarship and you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01586-00381455-00381823 these kinds of overlaps seem to me a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01587-00381824-00382167 really important job of academics today
w_IVQzCFa2M-01588-00382168-00382567 yeah I think that part of you know being
w_IVQzCFa2M-01589-00382568-00382759 in San Diego being on the border I'm
w_IVQzCFa2M-01590-00382760-00383008 literally on the border part of that is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01591-00383009-00383221 kind of you know seeing and having
w_IVQzCFa2M-01592-00383222-00383410 students who are experiencing a lot of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01593-00383411-00383659 the things that are major sources of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01594-00383660-00383884 controversy in the United States and are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01595-00383885-00384145 just trying to get a fuller picture of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01596-00384146-00384343 just the world of the possible you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01597-00384344-00384526 what are some ways they can think about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01598-00384527-00384709 what's going on around them and and what
w_IVQzCFa2M-01599-00384710-00384835 sort of things are happening in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01600-00384836-00385084 United States that affect them and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01601-00385085-00385336 feel very profoundly that one of the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01602-00385337-00385585 things that I can do is to you know to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01603-00385586-00385846 just basically give them more info
w_IVQzCFa2M-01604-00385847-00386146 Meishan give them as much as as much
w_IVQzCFa2M-01605-00386147-00386470 sort of historical context as I can to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01606-00386471-00386713 show them that you know yeah immigration
w_IVQzCFa2M-01607-00386714-00387013 problems are issues in Rome too you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01608-00387014-00387208 the question of who has legal status to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01609-00387209-00387514 be in a city it's happening twenty-one
w_IVQzCFa2M-01610-00387515-00387708 hundred years ago just like it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01611-00387709-00387913 happening now and some of the solutions
w_IVQzCFa2M-01612-00387914-00388231 that are being sort of bandied about now
w_IVQzCFa2M-01613-00388232-00388516 were tried in Rome and didn't work you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01614-00388517-00388849 know I think that part of the the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01615-00388850-00389089 obligation that I feel I have to my
w_IVQzCFa2M-01616-00389090-00389290 students is to just give them
w_IVQzCFa2M-01617-00389291-00389512 information and encourage them to think
w_IVQzCFa2M-01618-00389513-00389707 critically about it and encourage them
w_IVQzCFa2M-01619-00389708-00389974 to respond to the Past in a way that you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01620-00389975-00390135 know is maybe meaningful just on the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01621-00390136-00390364 terms of the past but also maybe
w_IVQzCFa2M-01622-00390365-00390517 meaningful and how they're thinking
w_IVQzCFa2M-01623-00390518-00390778 about things in a contemporary context
w_IVQzCFa2M-01624-00390779-00391093 but you know but but I think looking and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01625-00391094-00391351 thinking about what your students can do
w_IVQzCFa2M-01626-00391352-00391564 and giving them information to think
w_IVQzCFa2M-01627-00391565-00391813 with is a really important part of what
w_IVQzCFa2M-01628-00391814-00392104 we as academics ought to be trying to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01629-00392105-00392314 achieve you know I didn't they're
w_IVQzCFa2M-01630-00392315-00392440 capable of making their own decisions
w_IVQzCFa2M-01631-00392441-00392647 that are capable of responding to things
w_IVQzCFa2M-01632-00392648-00392902 in ways that you know that are very
w_IVQzCFa2M-01633-00392903-00393135 sophisticated and are very sort of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01634-00393136-00393364 nuanced but they don't have the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01635-00393365-00393598 information usually and part of our job
w_IVQzCFa2M-01636-00393599-00393793 I think is you know just to give them a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01637-00393794-00394021 bigger sense of the possible so they can
w_IVQzCFa2M-01638-00394022-00394291 think through different outcomes and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01639-00394292-00394489 different choices in ways that are sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-01640-00394490-00394707 of meaningful and informed and then to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01641-00394708-00394939 take that a step further of doing the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01642-00394940-00395119 same that new to people who don't have
w_IVQzCFa2M-01643-00395120-00395305 the chance to be in the classroom to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01644-00395306-00395559 able to say oh wait I'm this is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01645-00395560-00395719 information that's useful to my students
w_IVQzCFa2M-01646-00395720-00395887 why wouldn't it be useful to other
w_IVQzCFa2M-01647-00395888-00396118 people you know and and I think that was
w_IVQzCFa2M-01648-00396119-00396355 that was why I was particularly happy to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01649-00396356-00396735 be able to sort of get this you know to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01650-00396736-00396967 get this out to a wider public because
w_IVQzCFa2M-01651-00396968-00397180 again I think that these I think that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01652-00397181-00397399 the the people who are interested in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01653-00397400-00397608 reading a book about Roman history
w_IVQzCFa2M-01654-00397609-00397819 they're interested in in thinking about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01655-00397820-00398034 Rome but they're also interested in you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01656-00398035-00398164 know opening their minds to what's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01657-00398165-00398395 possible in this world - and I I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-01658-00398396-00398626 catalyzing or at least starting the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01659-00398627-00398851 process of having those conversations is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01660-00398852-00399040 it's really important a time
w_IVQzCFa2M-01661-00399041-00399223 we're I think profoundly you know we're
w_IVQzCFa2M-01662-00399224-00399384 in a sense missing one of the things
w_IVQzCFa2M-01663-00399385-00399514 that we ought to really be thinking
w_IVQzCFa2M-01664-00399515-00399814 seriously about is this political system
w_IVQzCFa2M-01665-00399815-00400072 something that we value and if so are we
w_IVQzCFa2M-01666-00400073-00400304 willing to basically take steps that we
w_IVQzCFa2M-01667-00400305-00400666 will enable us to protect it I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-01668-00400667-00400782 that's a conversation in the United
w_IVQzCFa2M-01669-00400783-00401014 States that we need to have frankly not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01670-00401015-00401248 in sort of couch to terms and not in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01671-00401249-00401476 sort of alarmist terms but you know in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01672-00401477-00401620 ways that are somewhat deliberative and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01673-00401621-00401967 informed I think that's a good place to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01674-00401968-00402466 stop and I know a sober but optimistic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01675-00402467-00402715 note which i think is appropriate to the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01676-00402716-00403270 tone you take not in an alarmist or
w_IVQzCFa2M-01677-00403271-00403798 catastrophic but yeah I mean I recommend
w_IVQzCFa2M-01678-00403799-00403977 anyone who's been listening is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01679-00403978-00404130 interested in these topics to talk about
w_IVQzCFa2M-01680-00404131-00404476 it and we I guess one last thing I'll
w_IVQzCFa2M-01681-00404477-00404835 say is that we have also spoken to Mike
w_IVQzCFa2M-01682-00404836-00405067 Duncan I don't know if you know his the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01683-00405068-00405217 beginning the storm before the storm the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01684-00405218-00405319 beginning of the end of the Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-01685-00405320-00405380 Republic
w_IVQzCFa2M-01686-00405381-00405633 he starts later than you do he starts
w_IVQzCFa2M-01687-00405634-00405847 with a crack guy he does he does quite
w_IVQzCFa2M-01688-00405848-00406114 do just a directly narrative retelling
w_IVQzCFa2M-01689-00406115-00406332 really the storm before the storm is not
w_IVQzCFa2M-01690-00406333-00406530 that it's not analytical or intelligent
w_IVQzCFa2M-01691-00406531-00406710 but it's it's just he takes narrative
w_IVQzCFa2M-01692-00406711-00406825 history and he does an in-depth
w_IVQzCFa2M-01693-00406826-00406980 narrative history really he's doing the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01694-00406981-00407109 Marius and sulla that's what he's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01695-00407110-00407256 focusing on he wants to focus on the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01696-00407257-00407454 first civil war and he sees like you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01697-00407455-00407655 were talking about you know you can't
w_IVQzCFa2M-01698-00407656-00407791 look at the fall of the Republic without
w_IVQzCFa2M-01699-00407792-00408081 looking back in a similar way but it's a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01700-00408082-00408397 narrower and more narrative focus but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01701-00408398-00408574 what's funny what I really wanted to say
w_IVQzCFa2M-01702-00408575-00408804 was that in this you know using room to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01703-00408805-00408973 think with he's on Twitter and he's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01704-00408974-00409222 always getting people suddenly asking
w_IVQzCFa2M-01705-00409223-00409471 him like alright so what Roman Emperor
w_IVQzCFa2M-01706-00409472-00409693 is this guy like or what figure you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01707-00409693-00410151 it's he marries he sulla and it's and he
w_IVQzCFa2M-01708-00410152-00410326 plays the game sometimes but he talked
w_IVQzCFa2M-01709-00410327-00410545 to us on the podcast about how he in
w_IVQzCFa2M-01710-00410546-00410826 more serious ways really resists that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01711-00410827-00411001 analogizing of like there's just one
w_IVQzCFa2M-01712-00411002-00411166 person who's exactly like this you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01713-00411167-00411430 Trump is no single figure from Roman
w_IVQzCFa2M-01714-00411431-00411780 history that's not how it works and and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01715-00411781-00411993 as I said I I think that's a strength of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01716-00411994-00412255 your book as you say that it it doesn't
w_IVQzCFa2M-01717-00412256-00412434 try to sort of force
w_IVQzCFa2M-01718-00412435-00412657 Roman history into a mold that will make
w_IVQzCFa2M-01719-00412658-00412968 it line up with what's happening in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01720-00412970-00413320 US in any way you know for any side for
w_IVQzCFa2M-01721-00413321-00413493 with any particular interpretation it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01722-00413495-00413697 like trying to lay it out as much as
w_IVQzCFa2M-01723-00413699-00413917 possible so that people can see the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01724-00413918-00414060 parallels where there are parallels see
w_IVQzCFa2M-01725-00414062-00414228 the opposition where there's opposition
w_IVQzCFa2M-01726-00414229-00414510 see the different context that leads to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01727-00414512-00414672 similar results which is I think one of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01728-00414674-00414889 the things that I find interesting you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01729-00414889-00415066 know in many ways Rome is so profoundly
w_IVQzCFa2M-01730-00415067-00415291 different from the US you know in all
w_IVQzCFa2M-01731-00415292-00415464 sorts of ways not the least of which is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01732-00415466-00415672 things like slavery and things like
w_IVQzCFa2M-01733-00415672-00415879 women don't have the vote and you know
w_IVQzCFa2M-01734-00415880-00416154 like really profound differences
w_IVQzCFa2M-01735-00416155-00416416 religious context is profoundly
w_IVQzCFa2M-01736-00416417-00416641 different you know things like that and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01737-00416642-00416854 yet see that the some of the results are
w_IVQzCFa2M-01738-00416855-00417079 similar even though the context is so
w_IVQzCFa2M-01739-00417080-00417410 different so I I like that but it also
w_IVQzCFa2M-01740-00417412-00417672 makes me laugh to think about how you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01741-00417674-00417880 know that that tendency to always want
w_IVQzCFa2M-01742-00417881-00418054 to be like okay all right fine is he
w_IVQzCFa2M-01743-00418055-00418654 near or Z Caligula would you think it's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01744-00418655-00418816 funny that people always want to turn to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01745-00418817-00419164 the Empire for their parallels in some
w_IVQzCFa2M-01746-00419164-00419368 way and yet the Republic the late
w_IVQzCFa2M-01747-00419368-00419557 Republic seems so much more of a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01748-00419558-00419725 parallel I think that's really
w_IVQzCFa2M-01749-00419726-00419953 interesting and I think part of that is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01750-00419954-00420088 you know the shift in the historiography
w_IVQzCFa2M-01751-00420089-00420372 for the Empire is personality based an
w_IVQzCFa2M-01752-00420374-00420535 emperor based right like the the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01753-00420535-00420724 condition of the age is the condition of
w_IVQzCFa2M-01754-00420725-00420904 the Emperor and the virtue of the age is
w_IVQzCFa2M-01755-00420905-00421153 the virtue of the emperor and so you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01756-00421154-00421285 know it's it's easy to make that
w_IVQzCFa2M-01757-00421285-00421429 equation because you in a sense have a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01758-00421430-00421647 caricature of an individual you can then
w_IVQzCFa2M-01759-00421649-00421902 sort of plunk down mm-hmm but
w_IVQzCFa2M-01760-00421903-00422203 complicated yeah Cato is complicated
w_IVQzCFa2M-01761-00422204-00422428 Pompey is complicated Caesars
w_IVQzCFa2M-01762-00422429-00422617 complicated there's there's no there's
w_IVQzCFa2M-01763-00422618-00422971 no one reading for them you know and I
w_IVQzCFa2M-01764-00422972-00423091 think that's the challenge with the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01765-00423092-00423472 Republic is you can't you can't easily
w_IVQzCFa2M-01766-00423472-00423862 say on Twitter like who was he like with
w_IVQzCFa2M-01767-00423863-00424009 an emperor you could because you have a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01768-00424010-00424249 caricature of who like who's Commodus
w_IVQzCFa2M-01769-00424250-00424405 well you know he renames the city after
w_IVQzCFa2M-01770-00424406-00424582 himself and he shoots an ostrich in the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01771-00424583-00425149 arena and and you know you really have
w_IVQzCFa2M-01772-00425150-00425353 to dig to get out the complexity of some
w_IVQzCFa2M-01773-00425354-00425527 of those figures I mean my favorite one
w_IVQzCFa2M-01774-00425528-00425722 to dig out is Domitian or say I think
w_IVQzCFa2M-01775-00425722-00425875 you can actually get quite a bit there
w_IVQzCFa2M-01776-00425876-00426082 but but yeah you have these caricatures
w_IVQzCFa2M-01777-00426083-00426313 and it's easy to make equations when the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01778-00426314-00426475 character when they people Yorick
w_IVQzCFa2M-01779-00426476-00426670 waiting with are uncomplicated because
w_IVQzCFa2M-01780-00426671-00426871 you're basically attributing a virtue or
w_IVQzCFa2M-01781-00426872-00427185 a vice to somebody and the Republic you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01782-00427187-00427417 know these guys it's really hard to sort
w_IVQzCFa2M-01783-00427418-00427582 of pin them down as one thing or another
w_IVQzCFa2M-01784-00427583-00427801 they're very complicated and we almost
w_IVQzCFa2M-01785-00427802-00428017 know too much about them to be able to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01786-00428018-00428200 do that to some of us yes we know too
w_IVQzCFa2M-01787-00428201-00428506 many know how to much of the trajectory
w_IVQzCFa2M-01788-00428507-00428653 of their career how many different sides
w_IVQzCFa2M-01789-00428654-00428803 they took on similar you know all these
w_IVQzCFa2M-01790-00428804-00429022 sorts of things yeah yeah and they're
w_IVQzCFa2M-01791-00429022-00429339 just they're complicated humans they're
w_IVQzCFa2M-01792-00429341-00429772 not cartoons yeah well thank you so much
w_IVQzCFa2M-01793-00429772-00430126 so the book just to make sure we plug it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01794-00430127-00430387 properly mortal republic how rome fell
w_IVQzCFa2M-01795-00430388-00430726 into tyranny and it's available we're
w_IVQzCFa2M-01796-00430727-00431134 all all fine booksellers and I'll put a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01797-00431135-00431322 link in our show notes of course to it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01798-00431324-00431560 I'll also put a link to your bio if
w_IVQzCFa2M-01799-00431560-00431704 that's all right just so people could
w_IVQzCFa2M-01800-00431705-00431860 see your other books because they all
w_IVQzCFa2M-01801-00431860-00432022 sound fascinating I don't know to what
w_IVQzCFa2M-01802-00432022-00432442 extent those are more sort of publicly
w_IVQzCFa2M-01803-00432443-00432714 accessible books or works of more with a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01804-00432716-00432970 more scholarly audience your previous
w_IVQzCFa2M-01805-00432971-00433282 ones final generation is is written to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01806-00433283-00433593 be publicly accessible and Hypatia 2° as
w_IVQzCFa2M-01807-00433595-00433785 well so make sure that people can see
w_IVQzCFa2M-01808-00433787-00434032 those as well because I think the final
w_IVQzCFa2M-01809-00434033-00434172 pagon generation sounds very interesting
w_IVQzCFa2M-01810-00434174-00434389 and I'm not going to get us started on
w_IVQzCFa2M-01811-00434389-00435210 another tangent now for now people
w_IVQzCFa2M-01812-00435212-00435693 should follow up on it but and you're
w_IVQzCFa2M-01813-00435695-00435918 not on Twitter are you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01814-00435920-00436417 no I watch you know your contact details
w_IVQzCFa2M-01815-00436418-00436722 if you were but I'll leave you I'll
w_IVQzCFa2M-01816-00436724-00437359 leave you to lurk that's a fine position
w_IVQzCFa2M-01817-00437360-00437731 to take frankly thank you very much
w_IVQzCFa2M-01818-00437732-00438060 thank you so much thank you so much for
w_IVQzCFa2M-01819-00438062-00438300 making the time oh and the same to you
w_IVQzCFa2M-01820-00438301-00438612 you can go back to sunny foggy
w_IVQzCFa2M-01821-00438613-00438855 [Laughter]
w_IVQzCFa2M-01822-00438856-00439038 the fog is burn
w_IVQzCFa2M-01823-00439039-00439413 so it will of you whereas I think the
w_IVQzCFa2M-01824-00439414-00439572 snows been falling all day so I probably
w_IVQzCFa2M-01825-00439573-00439745 have to shovel when I go out to the car
w_IVQzCFa2M-01826-00439746-00440616 again alright thanks a lot okay thanks a
w_IVQzCFa2M-01827-00440617-00440819 lot bye-bye
w_IVQzCFa2M-01828-00440820-00441039 for more information on this podcast
w_IVQzCFa2M-01829-00441040-00441918 check out our website wwlp.com takt info
w_IVQzCFa2M-01830-00441919-00442110 and please check out our patreon where
w_IVQzCFa2M-01831-00442111-00442279 you can pledge to support this show and
w_IVQzCFa2M-01832-00442280-00442467 our video project you can go directly to
w_IVQzCFa2M-01833-00442468-00442743 the videos at youtube.com slash
w_IVQzCFa2M-01834-00442744-00442971 alliterative our email is on the website
w_IVQzCFa2M-01835-00442972-00443160 but the easiest way to get in touch with
w_IVQzCFa2M-01836-00443161-00443496 us is twitter i'm at a van sarah a ven
w_IVQzCFa2M-01837-00443497-00443892 sa ra h and i'm @alliterative to keep up
w_IVQzCFa2M-01838-00443893-00444060 with the podcast subscribe on your
w_IVQzCFa2M-01839-00444061-00444237 favorite podcast app or to the feed on
w_IVQzCFa2M-01840-00444238-00444417 the website and if you've enjoyed it
w_IVQzCFa2M-01841-00444418-00444618 consider leaving us a review on Apple
w_IVQzCFa2M-01842-00444619-00444822 podcasts or wherever you listen it helps
w_IVQzCFa2M-01843-00444823-00445014 us a lot we'll be back soon with more
w_IVQzCFa2M-01844-00445015-00445167 musings about the connections around us
w_IVQzCFa2M-01845-00445168-00445397 thanks for listening alright
w_IVQzCFa2M-01846-00445397-00446033 [Music]
w_IVQzCFa2M-01847-00446034-00446239 you
wIKInecqzC4-00000-00000092-00000289 carbohydrate chemistry is a
wIKInecqzC4-00001-00000290-00000557 sub-discipline of chemistry primarily
wIKInecqzC4-00002-00000558-00000836 concerned with the synthesis structure
wIKInecqzC4-00003-00000836-00001216 and function of carbohydrate due to the
wIKInecqzC4-00004-00001217-00001502 general structure of carbohydrates their
wIKInecqzC4-00005-00001503-00001768 synthesis is often preoccupied with the
wIKInecqzC4-00006-00001769-00002000 selective formation of glycosidic
wIKInecqzC4-00007-00002001-00002267 linkages and the Selective reaction of
wIKInecqzC4-00008-00002268-00002558 hydroxyl groups as a result it relies
wIKInecqzC4-00009-00002559-00003340 heavily on the use of protecting groups
wIKInecqzC4-00010-00003340-00004076 topic monosaccharides individual
wIKInecqzC4-00011-00004077-00004283 saccharide residues are termed
wIKInecqzC4-00012-00004284-00005141 monosaccharides topic carbohydrate
wIKInecqzC4-00013-00005142-00006200 synthesis topic glycosidic bond
wIKInecqzC4-00014-00006201-00007016 formation chemical glycosylation fischer
wIKInecqzC4-00015-00007017-00007577 glycol sedation glycosyl halide Koenig's
wIKInecqzC4-00016-00007578-00008774 nor reaction topic protecting groups
wIKInecqzC4-00017-00008775-00009624 carbohydrate acetyl ization topic
wIKInecqzC4-00018-00009625-00010703 oligosaccharides topic reactions of
wIKInecqzC4-00019-00010704-00011338 carbohydrates carbohydrates are
wIKInecqzC4-00020-00011339-00011716 reactants in many organic reactions for
wIKInecqzC4-00021-00011717-00012294 example cyanohydrin reaction la Breda
wIKInecqzC4-00022-00012295-00012635 Brown Van Aken Stein transformation a
wIKInecqzC4-00023-00012636-00013263 Midori rearrangement nef reaction wal
wIKInecqzC4-00024-00013265-00013713 degradation tips and Cowan reaction
wIKInecqzC4-00025-00013713-00014610 Ferrier rearrangement farrier 2 reaction
wIKInecqzC4-00026-00014611-00015284 topic functions of carbohydrates
wIKInecqzC4-00027-00015285-00015655 carbohydrates have four major functions
wIKInecqzC4-00028-00015656-00015975 within the body energy supply
wIKInecqzC4-00029-00015976-00016186 particularly for the brain in the form
wIKInecqzC4-00030-00016187-00016558 of glucose avoiding the breakdown of
wIKInecqzC4-00031-00016559-00017019 amino acids for energy avoiding ketosis
wIKInecqzC4-00032-00017020-00017331 from the breakdown of fatty acids
wIKInecqzC4-00033-00017332-00018105 cellular and protein recognition topic
wIKInecqzC4-00034-00018106-00018442 energy supply particularly for the brain
wIKInecqzC4-00035-00018443-00019303 in the form of glucose
wIKInecqzC4-00036-00019304-00019670 topic avoiding the breakdown of amino
wIKInecqzC4-00037-00019671-00020747 acids for energy topic avoiding ketosis
wIKInecqzC4-00038-00020748-00021757 from the breakdown of fatty acids topic
wIKInecqzC4-00039-00021758-00022399 cellular and protein recognition
wIKInecqzC4-00040-00022400-00022706 glycoprotein hormones may be removed by
wIKInecqzC4-00041-00022707-00022925 the liver from the bloodstream when the
wIKInecqzC4-00042-00022926-00023174 passage of time causes the breaking off
wIKInecqzC4-00043-00023175-00023994 of carbohydrates from the glycoproteins
wIKInecqzC4-00044-00023995-00024891 topic see also
wIKInecqzC4-00045-00024892-00025614 topic carbohydrate structure anomeric
wIKInecqzC4-00046-00025616-00026139 effect carbohydrate carbohydrate
wIKInecqzC4-00047-00026141-00026668 conformation disaccharide glycosidic
wIKInecqzC4-00048-00026669-00027752 bond monosaccharide polysaccharide topic
wIKInecqzC4-00049-00027754-00028341 carbohydrate function and biology
wIKInecqzC4-00050-00028342-00029073 glycobiology glycomics glycosylation
wIKInecqzC4-00051-00029074-00029452 organic synthesis
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00000-00000008-00000246 three two one
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00001-00000247-00002151 [Music]
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00003-00005655-00006361 me
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00004-00006362-00007095 [Music]
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00005-00007095-00008136 our secrets
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00006-00008137-00008271 [Music]
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00007-00008272-00008814 [Applause]
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00008-00008815-00010823 [Music]
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00009-00010824-00011137 there's nothing wrong with traumatizing
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00010-00011138-00012319 [Music]
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00011-00012320-00012442 scary
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00012-00012443-00013886 [Music]
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00013-00013887-00014751 oh okay
wKkLq2Fe8TM-00014-00014752-00014959 you
wKmbIi5VEeI-00000-00000058-00000391 carnivore later renamed DCs 1000 was a
wKmbIi5VEeI-00001-00000392-00000566 system implemented by the Federal Bureau
wKmbIi5VEeI-00002-00000567-00000797 of Investigation FBI that was designed
wKmbIi5VEeI-00003-00000798-00000947 to monitor email and electronic
wKmbIi5VEeI-00004-00000948-00001220 communications it used a customizable
wKmbIi5VEeI-00005-00001221-00001352 package sniffer that can monitor all
wKmbIi5VEeI-00006-00001353-00001558 over target users Internet traffic
wKmbIi5VEeI-00007-00001559-00001787 Carnivale was implemented in October
wKmbIi5VEeI-00008-00001788-00002147 1997 by 2005 it had been replaced with
wKmbIi5VEeI-00009-00002148-00002897 improved commercial software topic
wKmbIi5VEeI-00010-00002898-00003319 development
wKmbIi5VEeI-00011-00003320-00003551 Carnivale grew out of an earlier FBI
wKmbIi5VEeI-00012-00003552-00003829 project called omnivore which itself
wKmbIi5VEeI-00013-00003830-00003992 replaced an older surveillance tool
wKmbIi5VEeI-00014-00003993-00004199 migrated from the US Navy by FBI
wKmbIi5VEeI-00015-00004200-00004379 director of integrity and compliance
wKmbIi5VEeI-00016-00004380-00004570 Patrick W Kelley which had a still
wKmbIi5VEeI-00017-00004571-00004904 undisclosed name in September 1998 the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00018-00004905-00005159 FBI's data intercept technology unit D
wKmbIi5VEeI-00019-00005160-00005402 ITU in Quantico Virginia launched a
wKmbIi5VEeI-00020-00005403-00005588 project to migrate omnivore from Sun
wKmbIi5VEeI-00021-00005589-00005809 Solaris operating system to a Windows NT
wKmbIi5VEeI-00022-00005810-00006086 platform this was done to facilitate the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00023-00006087-00006242 miniaturization of the system and
wKmbIi5VEeI-00024-00006243-00006395 support a wider range of personal
wKmbIi5VEeI-00025-00006396-00006689 computer PC equipment the migration
wKmbIi5VEeI-00026-00006690-00006898 project was called fipple tree niché's
wKmbIi5VEeI-00027-00006900-00007100 and the resulting system was named
wKmbIi5VEeI-00028-00007101-00008242 carnivore topic configuration the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00029-00008243-00008414 carnivore system was a Microsoft
wKmbIi5VEeI-00030-00008415-00008599 windows-based workstation with packet
wKmbIi5VEeI-00031-00008600-00008783 sniffing software and a removable jazz
wKmbIi5VEeI-00032-00008784-00009005 disc drive this computer must be
wKmbIi5VEeI-00033-00009006-00009160 physically installed at an Internet
wKmbIi5VEeI-00034-00009161-00009406 service provider ISP or other location
wKmbIi5VEeI-00035-00009407-00009685 where it can sniff traffic on a land
wKmbIi5VEeI-00036-00009686-00009866 segment to look for email messages in
wKmbIi5VEeI-00037-00009867-00010121 transit the technology itself was not
wKmbIi5VEeI-00038-00010122-00010324 highly advanced it used a standard
wKmbIi5VEeI-00039-00010325-00010487 packet sniffer and straightforward
wKmbIi5VEeI-00040-00010488-00010724 filtering the critical components of the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00041-00010725-00010967 operation were the filtering criteria to
wKmbIi5VEeI-00042-00010968-00011146 accurately match the appropriate subject
wKmbIi5VEeI-00043-00011147-00011299 an elaborate content model was developed
wKmbIi5VEeI-00044-00011300-00011585 an independent technical review of
wKmbIi5VEeI-00045-00011586-00011764 carnivore for the Justice Department was
wKmbIi5VEeI-00046-00011765-00012185 prepared in 2000 topic controversy
wKmbIi5VEeI-00047-00012186-00012338 several groups expressed concern
wKmbIi5VEeI-00048-00012339-00012542 regarding the implementation usage and
wKmbIi5VEeI-00049-00012543-00012811 possible abuses of carnivore in July
wKmbIi5VEeI-00050-00012812-00013001 2000 the Electronic Frontier Foundation
wKmbIi5VEeI-00051-00013002-00013169 submitted a statement to the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00052-00013169-00013325 Subcommittee on the Constitution of the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00053-00013326-00013382 committee
wKmbIi5VEeI-00054-00013383-00013565 the judiciary in the United States House
wKmbIi5VEeI-00055-00013566-00013751 of Representatives detailing the dangers
wKmbIi5VEeI-00056-00013752-00013969 of such a system the Electronic Privacy
wKmbIi5VEeI-00057-00013971-00014194 Information Center also made several
wKmbIi5VEeI-00058-00014196-00014413 releases dealing with it the FBI counted
wKmbIi5VEeI-00059-00014415-00014546 these concerns with statements
wKmbIi5VEeI-00060-00014547-00014708 highlighting the target able nature of
wKmbIi5VEeI-00061-00014709-00015013 carnivore assistant FBI director Donald
wKmbIi5VEeI-00062-00015015-00015200 Kerr was quoted as saying the carnivore
wKmbIi5VEeI-00063-00015201-00015362 device works much like commercial
wKmbIi5VEeI-00064-00015363-00015527 sniffers and other network diagnostic
wKmbIi5VEeI-00065-00015528-00015800 tools used by ISPs every day except that
wKmbIi5VEeI-00066-00015801-00015965 it provides the FBI with a unique
wKmbIi5VEeI-00067-00015966-00016088 ability to distinguish between
wKmbIi5VEeI-00068-00016088-00016277 communications which may be lawfully
wKmbIi5VEeI-00069-00016278-00016514 intercepted and those which may not for
wKmbIi5VEeI-00070-00016515-00016706 example if a court order provides for
wKmbIi5VEeI-00071-00016707-00016874 the lawful interception of one type of
wKmbIi5VEeI-00072-00016875-00017120 communication eg email but excludes all
wKmbIi5VEeI-00073-00017121-00017354 other communications eg online shopping
wKmbIi5VEeI-00074-00017355-00017522 the carnivore tool can be configured to
wKmbIi5VEeI-00075-00017523-00017690 intercept only those emails being
wKmbIi5VEeI-00076-00017691-00017858 transmitted either to or from the name
wKmbIi5VEeI-00077-00017859-00018050 subject it is a very specialized network
wKmbIi5VEeI-00078-00018051-00018263 analyzer or sniffer which runs as an
wKmbIi5VEeI-00079-00018264-00018467 application program on a normal personal
wKmbIi5VEeI-00080-00018468-00018641 computer under the Microsoft Windows
wKmbIi5VEeI-00081-00018642-00018914 operating system it works by sniffing
wKmbIi5VEeI-00082-00018915-00019085 the proper portions of network packets
wKmbIi5VEeI-00083-00019086-00019238 and copying and storing only those
wKmbIi5VEeI-00084-00019239-00019400 packets which match a finely defined
wKmbIi5VEeI-00085-00019401-00019598 filter set program in conformity with
wKmbIi5VEeI-00086-00019599-00019829 the court order this filter set can be
wKmbIi5VEeI-00087-00019830-00020024 extremely complex and this provides the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00088-00020025-00020192 FBI with an ability to collect
wKmbIi5VEeI-00089-00020193-00020350 transmissions which comply with pen
wKmbIi5VEeI-00090-00020351-00020492 register court orders trap-and-trace
wKmbIi5VEeI-00091-00020493-00020744 court orders title 3 interception orders
wKmbIi5VEeI-00092-00020745-00020957 etc it is important to distinguish now
wKmbIi5VEeI-00093-00020958-00021146 what is meant by sniffing the problem of
wKmbIi5VEeI-00094-00021147-00021338 discriminating between users messages on
wKmbIi5VEeI-00095-00021339-00021569 the Internet is a complex one however
wKmbIi5VEeI-00096-00021570-00021809 this is exactly what carnivore does it
wKmbIi5VEeI-00097-00021810-00021971 does not search through the contents of
wKmbIi5VEeI-00098-00021972-00022115 every message and collect those that
wKmbIi5VEeI-00099-00022116-00022307 contain certain keywords like bomb or
wKmbIi5VEeI-00100-00022308-00022490 drugs it selects messages based on
wKmbIi5VEeI-00101-00022491-00022688 criteria expressly set out in the court
wKmbIi5VEeI-00102-00022689-00022897 order for example message is transmitted
wKmbIi5VEeI-00103-00022898-00023075 to or from a particular account or tool
wKmbIi5VEeI-00104-00023076-00023312 or from a particular user after
wKmbIi5VEeI-00105-00023313-00023450 prolonged negative coverage in the press
wKmbIi5VEeI-00106-00023451-00023684 the FBI changed the name of its system
wKmbIi5VEeI-00107-00023685-00023837 from carnivore to the more benign
wKmbIi5VEeI-00108-00023838-00024134 sounding DC s1000d CS is reported to
wKmbIi5VEeI-00109-00024135-00024332 stand for digital collection system the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00110-00024333-00025094 system has the same functions as before
wKmbIi5VEeI-00111-00025095-00025681 topic successor The Associated Press
wKmbIi5VEeI-00112-00025682-00025825 reported in mid-january
wKmbIi5VEeI-00113-00025826-00026099 2005 that the FBI essentially abandoned
wKmbIi5VEeI-00114-00026100-00026365 the use of Carnival in 2001 in favor of
wKmbIi5VEeI-00115-00026366-00026549 commercially available software such as
wKmbIi5VEeI-00116-00026550-00026683 Narrows incite a mass surveillance
wKmbIi5VEeI-00117-00026685-00027070 system a report in 2007 described the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00118-00027072-00027305 successor system as being located inside
wKmbIi5VEeI-00119-00027306-00027494 an internet providers network at the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00120-00027495-00027689 junction point of a router or network
wKmbIi5VEeI-00121-00027689-00027986 switch and capable of indiscriminately
wKmbIi5VEeI-00122-00027987-00028133 storing data flowing through the
wKmbIi5VEeI-00123-00028133-00028808 providers network topic
wKmbIi5VEeI-00124-00028808-00029395 see also communications assistance for
wKmbIi5VEeI-00125-00029397-00029810 Law Enforcement Act D ITU Harris
wKmbIi5VEeI-00126-00029811-00030160 Corporation Total Information Awareness
wKmbIi5VEeI-00127-00030161-00030754 surveillance COI NT ELP ro dcs net
wKmbIi5VEeI-00128-00030755-00030986 Heschel on NSA worldwide digital
wKmbIi5VEeI-00129-00030987-00031396 interception program room 641 a NSA
wKmbIi5VEeI-00130-00031397-00031649 interception program started circa 2003
wKmbIi5VEeI-00131-00031650-00032070 but first reported in 2006 police where
wKmbIi5VEeI-00132-00032072-00032318 data warehouse system electronic
wKmbIi5VEeI-00133-00032319-00032512 surveillance data management system
wKmbIi5VEeI-00134-00032513-00032903 magic lantern software
wMc3syHSYWu-00000-00000008-00000191 it seems like it's not my day but that's
wMc3syHSYWu-00001-00000192-00000415 okay because it's nothing a good song
wMc3syHSYWu-00002-00000416-00000534 won't fix
wMc3syHSYWu-00003-00000535-00000862 when life hands you lemons you gotta
wMc3syHSYWu-00004-00000863-00001251 make some lemonade
wOQW7DhV0G0-00000-00000024-00001165 [Music]
wOQW7DhV0G0-00001-00001166-00001805 thank you
wOQW7DhV0G0-00003-00005630-00005825 thank you
wOQW7DhV0G0-00004-00005826-00006126 foreign
wQmmQzVkllg-00000-00000003-00000181 thank you guys so much for doing what
wQmmQzVkllg-00001-00000182-00000422 you do and keeping us safe and keeping
wQmmQzVkllg-00002-00000423-00000775 us free keep yourself safe
wQQMq9TOgHk-00001-00003119-00004469 near brazili Brazilians
wQQMq9TOgHk-00002-00004470-00005838 is
wQQMq9TOgHk-00003-00005839-00005999 letonia
wQQMq9TOgHk-00004-00006000-00006845 Melody Festival
wQQMq9TOgHk-00005-00006845-00007020 Qatar Ghana
wQQMq9TOgHk-00006-00007022-00008046 career works
wQQMq9TOgHk-00007-00008047-00008639 mother mother
wQQMq9TOgHk-00008-00008640-00008831 face Malaysia
wQQMq9TOgHk-00009-00008832-00010691 Malaysia festivals
wQQMq9TOgHk-00010-00010692-00013572 foreign
wQQMq9TOgHk-00011-00013573-00013919 Israeli Israeli nucleston success
wQQMq9TOgHk-00012-00013919-00014129 detonation Valentina
wQQMq9TOgHk-00013-00014130-00014843 Festival
wQQMq9TOgHk-00014-00014844-00017555 foreign
wQQMq9TOgHk-00015-00017556-00018172 history
wQQMq9TOgHk-00016-00018173-00018365 did we'll see
wQQMq9TOgHk-00017-00018366-00018666 Adidas
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00000-00000050-00000311 Christian contemplation from contempo
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00001-00000312-00000593 Latin Greek theoria theoria refers to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00002-00000594-00000811 several Christian practices which aim at
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00003-00000812-00001268 looking at gazing at being aware of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00004-00001269-00001460 or the divine it includes several
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00005-00001461-00001712 practices and theological concepts and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00006-00001713-00001909 until the 6th century the practice of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00007-00001910-00002072 what is now called mysticism was
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00008-00002073-00002354 referred to by the term contempo c-cute
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00009-00002355-00002687 theoria christianity took up the use of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00010-00002688-00002881 both the greek diarrhea and latin
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00011-00002882-00003133 contempt heö contemplation terminology
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00012-00003134-00003340 to describe various forms of prayer and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00013-00003342-00003522 the process of coming to know God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00014-00003523-00003749 Eastern and Western traditions of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00015-00003750-00003922 Christianity grew apart as they
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00016-00003923-00004093 incorporated the general notion of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00017-00004094-00004311 theoria into their respective teachings
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00018-00004312-00004552 the Catechism of the Catholic Church
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00019-00004553-00004768 states that the Christian tradition
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00020-00004769-00005056 comprises three major expressions of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00021-00005057-00005333 life of prayer vocal prayer meditation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00022-00005334-00005615 and contemplative prayer they have in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00023-00005616-00005806 common the recollection of the heart
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00024-00005807-00006022 three stages are discerned in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00025-00006023-00006241 contemplative practice namely purgative
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00026-00006242-00006476 contemplation contemplation proper and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00027-00006477-00006927 the vision of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00028-00006928-00007402 topic etymology
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00029-00007403-00007651 the Greek theoria theoria from which the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00030-00007652-00007984 English word theory and theater is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00031-00007984-00008364 derived meant contemplation speculation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00032-00008365-00008646 a looking at things looked at from Thea
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00033-00008647-00008914 rain during to consider speculate look
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00034-00008915-00009193 at from thei rose there at spectator
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00035-00009194-00009604 from Thea to a view plus Horan for it to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00036-00009605-00009871 see it expressed the state of being of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00037-00009872-00010144 spectator both Greek theoria and Latin
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00038-00010145-00010360 contempo primarily meant looking at
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00039-00010361-00010534 things whether with the eyes or with the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00040-00010535-00010738 mind commenting on Aristotle's view of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00041-00010739-00010927 the lack of practical usefulness of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00042-00010928-00011121 contemplation of theoria orthodox
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00043-00011122-00011541 theologian fr and rule-out said the word
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00044-00011542-00011739 theoria is derived from a verb meaning
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00045-00011740-00011955 to look or to see for the Greeks knowing
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00046-00011956-00012112 was a kind of seeing a sort of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00047-00012113-00012376 intellectual seeing contemplation has
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00048-00012377-00012544 then knowledge knowledge of reality
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00049-00012545-00012763 itself as opposed to knowing how the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00050-00012764-00012934 kind of know-how involved in getting
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00051-00012935-00013222 things done to this contrast between the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00052-00013222-00013416 active life and contemplation there
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00053-00013418-00013579 corresponds a distinction in our
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00054-00013580-00013755 understanding of what it is to be human
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00055-00013756-00013969 between reason conceived as puzzling
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00056-00013969-00014212 things out solving problems calculating
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00057-00014213-00014403 and making decisions referred to by the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00058-00014404-00014653 Greek words phronesis and da Noya or in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00059-00014654-00014884 Latin by ratio and reason conceived as
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00060-00014885-00015088 receptive of truth beholding looking
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00061-00015088-00015280 referred to by the Greek words theoria
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00062-00015281-00015541 or sophia wisdom or Neuse intellect or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00063-00015541-00015844 in latin intellectus augustine expressed
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00064-00015844-00016063 this distinction by using scientia for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00065-00016063-00016255 the kind of knowledge attained by ratio
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00066-00016256-00016489 and Sapientia wisdom for the kind of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00067-00016490-00016765 knowledge received by intellectus human
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00068-00016766-00016978 intelligence operates at two levels a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00069-00016979-00017188 basic level concerned with doing things
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00070-00017189-00017400 and another level concerned with simply
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00071-00017401-00017769 beholding contemplating knowing reality
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00072-00017770-00018016 according to William Johnston until the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00073-00018017-00018214 6th century the practice of what is now
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00074-00018215-00018406 called mysticism was referred to by the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00075-00018407-00018790 term contemplator c-q theoria according
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00076-00018791-00019138 to Johnston be oth contemplation and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00077-00019139-00019378 mysticism speak of the eye of love which
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00078-00019379-00019612 is looking at gazing at aware of divine
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00079-00019613-00019918 realities several scholars have
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00080-00019919-00020125 demonstrated similarities between the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00081-00020126-00020325 Greek idea of theoria and the Indian
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00082-00020326-00020583 idea of darsana darshan including Ian
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00083-00020584-00021030 Rutherford and Gregory grieve
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00084-00021031-00021580 topic Greek philosophy
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00085-00021581-00021797 the term theoria was used by the ancient
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00086-00021798-00021977 Greeks to refer to the act of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00087-00021978-00022178 experiencing or observing and then
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00088-00022179-00022585 comprehending through noose
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00089-00022586-00023209 topic Plato for Plato what the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00090-00023210-00023413 contemplative Thoreau's contemplates the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00091-00023414-00023590 array are the forms the realities
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00092-00023591-00023785 underlying the individual appearances
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00093-00023786-00023941 and one who contemplates these at
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00094-00023942-00024133 temporal and a spatial realities is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00095-00024134-00024319 enriched with a perspective on ordinary
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00096-00024320-00024496 things superior to that of ordinary
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00097-00024497-00024802 people Philip of Opus viewed theoria is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00098-00024803-00024973 contemplation of the Stars with
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00099-00024974-00025150 practical effects in everyday life
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00100-00025151-00025327 similar to those that Plato saw is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00101-00025328-00025498 following from contemplation of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00102-00025499-00025816 forms
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00103-00025817-00026333 topic Aristotle
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00104-00026333-00026595 Aristotle on the other hand separated
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00105-00026595-00026805 the spectating of theoria from practical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00106-00026806-00026985 purposes and saw it as an end in itself
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00107-00026986-00027314 the highest activity of man to indicate
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00108-00027316-00027489 that it is the philosopher who devotes
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00109-00027489-00027699 himself to pursuits most worthy of a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00110-00027700-00027768 free man
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00111-00027769-00027948 Herod clyde's of pondus compared him to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00112-00027949-00028161 a spectator Thoreau's at the Olympic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00113-00028162-00028358 spectacle unlike the other participants
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00114-00028360-00028563 he does not seek either glory as does
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00115-00028564-00028752 the competitor or money as does the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00116-00028752-00029016 businessman Aristotle used the same
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00117-00029017-00029331 image as we go to the Olympian Festival
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00118-00029332-00029535 for the sake of the spectacle theas even
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00119-00029536-00029706 if nothing more should come of it for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00120-00029707-00029895 the theoria theoria itself is more
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00121-00029895-00030095 precious than money and just as we go to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00122-00030097-00030288 theorise theorem in' at the festival of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00123-00030289-00030464 Dionysus not so that we will gain
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00124-00030466-00030651 anything from the actors indeed we pay
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00125-00030652-00030858 to see them so to the theory a theory of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00126-00030858-00031050 the universe must be honored above all
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00127-00031051-00031223 things that are considered to be useful
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00128-00031224-00031467 for surely we would not go to such
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00129-00031468-00031670 trouble to see men imitating women and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00130-00031672-00031872 slaves or athletes fighting and running
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00131-00031873-00032067 and not consider it right to theorize
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00132-00032068-00032295 without payment via rain MST the nature
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00133-00032295-00032604 and truth of reality indeed Andrea
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00134-00032605-00032814 Wilson Nightingale says that Aristotle
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00135-00032815-00032994 considers that those who instead of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00136-00032995-00033204 pursuing theoria for its own sake would
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00137-00033205-00033378 put it to useful ends would be engaging
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00138-00033379-00033597 in theoria in the wrong way and Richard
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00139-00033598-00033731 crowd says that for Aristotle
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00140-00033732-00033975 theoretical activity alone has limitless
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00141-00033976-00034305 value Thomas Lewis shubik says that in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00142-00034306-00034491 Aristotle's view the knowledge that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00143-00034492-00034680 guides ethical political activity does
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00144-00034681-00034947 not belong to theoria leading a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00145-00034948-00035154 contemplative life can be considered
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00146-00035155-00035379 Aristotle's answer to the question what
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00147-00035380-00035655 life humans ought to live dot-dot-dot
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00148-00035656-00035943 the more humans engage in contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00149-00035944-00036159 the closer they are to their gods and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00150-00036160-00036437 the more perfect will be their happiness
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00151-00036438-00036648 Aristotle's view that the best life
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00152-00036649-00036801 would be a purely contemplative
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00153-00036802-00036993 intellectual one was disputed by the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00154-00036994-00037230 Stoics and others such as the Epicureans
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00155-00037231-00037434 who saw speculation as inferior to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00156-00037435-00037713 practical ethics middle Platonism and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00157-00037714-00037938 Neoplatonism considered contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00158-00037939-00038130 superior and saw as its goal the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00159-00038131-00038337 knowledge of God or union with him sudah
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00160-00038338-00038640 de contemplative life was a life devoted
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00161-00038641-00038820 to God rather than to any kind of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00162-00038821-00039155 activity
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00163-00039156-00039642 topic plotinus
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00164-00039643-00039891 India needs of plotinus a founder of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00165-00039892-00040137 neoplatonism everything is contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00166-00040138-00040323 theoria and everything is derived from
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00167-00040324-00040644 contemplation the first hypostasis the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00168-00040645-00040860 one is contemplation by the noose or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00169-00040861-00041124 second hypostasis in that it turns to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00170-00041125-00041373 itself in the simplest regard implying
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00171-00041374-00041718 no complexity or need this reflecting
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00172-00041719-00041958 back on itself emanated not created the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00173-00041959-00042186 second hypostasis intellect in greek
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00174-00042187-00042486 noose noose Plotinus describes us living
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00175-00042487-00042828 contemplation being self reflective and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00176-00042829-00043059 contemplative activity par excellence
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00177-00043060-00043314 and the third hypostatic level has
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00178-00043315-00043518 theoria knowledge of the one has
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00179-00043519-00043704 achieved through experience of its power
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00180-00043705-00043926 an experience that is contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00181-00043927-00044100 theoria of the source of all things
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00182-00044101-00044292 plotinus agreed with aristotle
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00183-00044293-00044442 systematic distinction between
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00184-00044443-00044670 contemplation theoria and practice
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00185-00044671-00044913 praxis dedication to the superior life
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00186-00044914-00045123 of theoria requires abstention from
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00187-00045124-00045426 practical active life Plotinus explained
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00188-00045427-00045713 the point of action is contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00189-00045714-00045933 contemplation is therefore the end of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00190-00045934-00046233 action and such as the life of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00191-00046234-00046449 divinity and of divine and blessed men
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00192-00046450-00046677 attachments from all things here below
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00193-00046678-00046908 scorn of all earthly pleasures the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00194-00046909-00047446 flight of the loan to the alone
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00195-00047447-00048038 topic Christian contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00196-00048039-00048273 contemplative or mystical practice as a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00197-00048274-00048462 long-standing an integral part of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00198-00048463-00048696 life of Christian churches in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00199-00048697-00048870 Eastern Orthodox churches the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00200-00048871-00049110 predominant form is hesychasm stillness
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00201-00049111-00049419 in both Eastern and Western Christianity
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00202-00049420-00049986 it is part of mystical practices
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00203-00049987-00050430 early Christianity
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00204-00050431-00051084 topic theoria some Neoplatonic ideas
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00205-00051085-00051303 were adopted by Christianity among them
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00206-00051304-00051498 the idea of diarrhea or contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00207-00051499-00051711 taken over by gregory of nyssa for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00208-00051712-00051992 example the brill dictionary of gregory
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00209-00051994-00052203 of nyssa remarks that contemplation in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00210-00052204-00052416 gregory is described as a loving
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00211-00052416-00052686 contemplation and according to Thomas
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00212-00052687-00052872 Keating the Greek fathers of the church
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00213-00052873-00053037 in taking over from the neo-platonists
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00214-00053038-00053301 the word theoria attached to it the idea
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00215-00053302-00053514 expressed by the Hebrew word Daath which
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00216-00053515-00053763 they're usually translated as knowledge
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00217-00053764-00054005 is a much stronger term since it
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00218-00054007-00054159 indicates the experiential knowledge
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00219-00054160-00054375 that comes with love and that involves
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00220-00054376-00054563 the whole person not merely the mind
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00221-00054564-00054813 among the Greek father's Christian
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00222-00054814-00054992 theoria was not contemplation of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00223-00054994-00055200 platonic ideas nor of the astronomical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00224-00055201-00055404 heavens of Pontic Heraclitus but
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00225-00055404-00055689 studying the scriptures with an emphasis
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00226-00055690-00055857 on the spiritual sense later
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00227-00055858-00056061 contemplation came to be distinguished
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00228-00056062-00056244 from intellectual life leading to the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00229-00056245-00056451 identification of theoria or contempt
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00230-00056452-00056652 Leo with a form of Prayer distinguished
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00231-00056653-00056853 from discursive meditation in both East
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00232-00056854-00057123 and West some make a further distinction
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00233-00057124-00057297 within contemplation between
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00234-00057298-00057495 contemplation acquired by human effort
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00235-00057496-00057978 and infused contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00236-00057979-00058474 topic allegorical truth
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00237-00058475-00058771 in early Christianity the term mystic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00238-00058772-00059035 ohs referred to three dimensions which
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00239-00059036-00059241 soon became intertwined namely the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00240-00059242-00059410 biblical the liturgical and the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00241-00059411-00059686 spiritual or contemplative the biblical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00242-00059687-00059889 dimension refers to hidden or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00243-00059890-00060117 allegorical interpretations of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00244-00060119-00060352 scriptures the liturgical dimension
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00245-00060353-00060553 refers to the liturgical mystery of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00246-00060554-00060741 Eucharist the presence of Christ at the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00247-00060742-00060985 Eucharist the third dimension is the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00248-00060986-00061165 contemplative or experiential knowledge
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00249-00061166-00061357 of God under the influence of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00250-00061358-00061570 pseudo-dionysius the areopagite the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00251-00061571-00061753 mystical theology came to denote the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00252-00061754-00061957 investigation of the allegorical truth
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00253-00061958-00062224 of the Bible and the spiritual awareness
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00254-00062225-00062434 of the ineffable absolute beyond the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00255-00062435-00062703 theology of divine names
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00256-00062704-00062970 pseudo-dionysius apophatic theology or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00257-00062971-00063295 negative theology exerted a great
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00258-00063296-00063469 influence on medieval monastic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00259-00063470-00063696 religiosity it was influenced by
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00260-00063697-00063928 Neoplatonism and very influential in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00261-00063929-00064176 Eastern Orthodox Christian theology in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00262-00064177-00064392 Western Christianity it was a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00263-00064394-00064579 counter-current to the prevailing catyph
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00264-00064579-00064965 attic theology or positive theology
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00265-00064966-00065220 theoria enabled the fathers to perceive
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00266-00065221-00065376 depths of meaning in the biblical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00267-00065377-00065523 writings that escaped a purely
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00268-00065524-00065724 scientific or empirical approach to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00269-00065725-00066009 interpretation the anti Hakeem fathers
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00270-00066010-00066243 in particular signed every passage of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00271-00066244-00066444 Scripture a double meaning both literal
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00272-00066445-00066741 and spiritual as Francis Margaret young
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00273-00066742-00067062 notes best translated in this context as
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00274-00067063-00067257 a type of insight
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00275-00067258-00067497 theoria was the act of perceiving in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00276-00067498-00067833 wording and story of Scripture a moral
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00277-00067834-00068064 and spiritual meaning and may be
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00278-00068065-00068514 regarded as a form of allegory
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00279-00068515-00069143 topic Eastern Orthodox Christianity
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00280-00069144-00069371 according to John Roman IDEs in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00281-00069372-00069527 teachings of Eastern Orthodox
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00282-00069528-00069752 Christianity the quintessential purpose
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00283-00069753-00069923 and goal of the Christian life as to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00284-00069924-00070178 attain theosis or deification understood
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00285-00070179-00070378 as likeness to ort union with God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00286-00070379-00070736 theosis is expressed as being union with
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00287-00070737-00071048 God and having a relationship or synergy
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00288-00071049-00071300 between God and man God is the Kingdom
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00289-00071301-00071630 of Heaven theosis our unity with God has
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00290-00071631-00071828 obtained by engaging in contemplative
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00291-00071829-00072053 prayer the first stage of theoria which
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00292-00072054-00072209 results from the cultivation of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00293-00072210-00072590 watchfulness GK Nexus in theoria one
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00294-00072591-00072980 comes to see or behold God or uncreated
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00295-00072981-00073370 light a grace which us uncreated in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00296-00073371-00073589 Eastern Christian traditions theoria is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00297-00073590-00073787 the most critical component needed for a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00298-00073788-00073955 person to be considered a theologian
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00299-00073956-00074177 however it is not necessary for one
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00300-00074178-00074456 salvation an experience of God is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00301-00074457-00074648 necessary to the spiritual and mental
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00302-00074649-00074867 health of every created thing including
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00303-00074868-00075143 human beings knowledge of God is not
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00304-00075144-00075230 intellectual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00305-00075231-00075464 but existential according to Eastern
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00306-00075465-00075668 theologian and rule-out the purpose of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00307-00075669-00075887 theology as a science is to prepare for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00308-00075888-00076100 contemplation rather than theology being
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00309-00076101-00076288 the purpose of contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00310-00076289-00076544 theoria is the main aim of hesychasm
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00311-00076545-00076730 which under the influence of saint
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00312-00076731-00076934 simeon the new theologian developed out
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00313-00076935-00077186 of the practice of quietism simeon
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00314-00077187-00077372 believed that direct experience gave
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00315-00077373-00077558 monks the authority to preach and give
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00316-00077559-00077744 absolution of sins without the need for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00317-00077745-00077978 formal ordination while church
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00318-00077979-00078137 authorities also taught from a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00319-00078138-00078305 speculative and philosophical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00320-00078306-00078497 perspective simeon taught from his own
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00321-00078498-00078716 direct mystical experience and met with
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00322-00078717-00078878 strong resistance for his charismatic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00323-00078879-00079106 approach and his support of individual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00324-00079107-00079312 direct experience of God's grace
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00325-00079313-00079559 according to John Roman IDEs this
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00326-00079560-00079691 difference in teachings on the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00327-00079692-00079910 possibility to experience God or the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00328-00079911-00080111 uncreated light as at the very heart of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00329-00080112-00080294 many theological conflicts between
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00330-00080295-00080513 Eastern Orthodox Christianity and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00331-00080514-00080717 Western Christianity which has seemed to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00332-00080718-00080918 culminate in the conflict over hesychasm
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00333-00080919-00081143 according to John Roman IDEs following
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00334-00081144-00081362 vladimir lossky in his interpretation of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00335-00081363-00081659 st. gregory palamas the teaching that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00336-00081660-00081890 God is transcendent incomprehensible in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00337-00081891-00082112 Osia essence or being has led in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00338-00082113-00082325 West to the Biz understanding that God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00339-00082326-00082550 cannot be experienced in this life
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00340-00082551-00082817 romanized states that Western theology
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00341-00082818-00083032 is more dependent upon logic and reason
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00342-00083033-00083251 culminating in scholasticism used to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00343-00083252-00083456 validate truth in the existence of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00344-00083457-00083666 then upon establishing a relationship
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00345-00083667-00084107 with God theosis and theoria
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00346-00084108-00084618 topic Latin Church
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00347-00084619-00084855 in the Latin or Western Church terms
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00348-00084856-00085047 derived from the Latin word can't employ
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00349-00085048-00085362 such as in English contemplation are
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00350-00085363-00085584 generally used in languages largely
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00351-00085585-00085791 derived from Latin rather than the Greek
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00352-00085792-00086040 term theoria the equivalents of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00353-00086041-00086259 Latin and Greek terms was noted by John
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00354-00086260-00086460 Cassian whose writings influenced the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00355-00086461-00086655 whole of Western monasticism in his
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00356-00086656-00086970 conferences however Catholic writers do
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00357-00086971-00087411 sometimes use the Greek term
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00358-00087412-00088026 topic meditation and contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00359-00088027-00088279 in discursive meditation mind and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00360-00088280-00088455 imagination and other faculties are
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00361-00088456-00088636 actively employed in an effort to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00362-00088637-00088880 understand our relationship with God in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00363-00088881-00089118 contemplative prayer this activity is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00364-00089119-00089331 curtailed so that contemplation has been
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00365-00089332-00089671 described as a gaze of faith a silent
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00366-00089672-00089931 love there is no clear-cut boundaries
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00367-00089932-00090115 between Christian meditation and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00368-00090116-00090271 Christian contemplation and they
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00369-00090272-00090579 sometimes overlap meditation serves as a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00370-00090580-00090768 foundation on which the contemplative
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00371-00090769-00090951 life stands the practice by which
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00372-00090952-00091098 someone begins the state of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00373-00091099-00091240 contemplation John of the Cross
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00374-00091241-00091411 described the difference between
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00375-00091412-00091636 discursive meditation and contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00376-00091637-00091909 by saying the difference between these
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00377-00091910-00092100 two conditions of the soul is like the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00378-00092101-00092280 difference between working and enjoyment
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00379-00092281-00092436 of the fruit of our work between
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00380-00092437-00092625 receiving a gift and profiting by it
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00381-00092626-00092815 between the toil of traveling and the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00382-00092816-00093138 rest of our journey's end Mata al Miskin
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00383-00093139-00093449 an oriental orthodox monk has posited
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00384-00093450-00093711 meditation as an activity of one spirit
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00385-00093712-00093871 by reading or otherwise while
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00386-00093872-00094101 contemplation is a spontaneous activity
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00387-00094102-00094362 of that spirit in meditation man's
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00388-00094363-00094561 imaginative and thinking power exert
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00389-00094562-00094804 some effort contemplation then follows
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00390-00094805-00094974 to relieve man of all effort
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00391-00094975-00095173 contemplation as the soul's inward
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00392-00095174-00095371 vision in the hearts simple repose in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00393-00095372-00095774 God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00394-00095775-00096261 soppec contemplative prayer
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00395-00096262-00096519 an exercise long used among Christians
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00396-00096520-00096737 for acquiring contemplation one that is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00397-00096738-00096999 available to everyone whether he be of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00398-00097000-00097263 the clergy or of any secular occupation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00399-00097264-00097578 is that of focusing the mind by constant
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00400-00097579-00097863 repetition of phrase or word st. John
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00401-00097864-00098088 Cassian recommended use of the phrase Oh
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00402-00098089-00098412 God make speed to save me O Lord make
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00403-00098413-00098751 haste to help me another formula for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00404-00098752-00098952 repetition as the name of Jesus or the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00405-00098953-00099189 Jesus Prayer which has been called the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00406-00099190-00099480 mantra of the Orthodox Church although
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00407-00099481-00099792 the term Jesus Prayer is not found in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00408-00099793-00100008 the Fathers of the Church the author of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00409-00100009-00100197 the Cloud of Unknowing recommended use
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00410-00100198-00100524 of a monosyllabic word such as God or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00411-00100525-00100797 love
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00412-00100798-00100951 you
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00413-00100952-00101531 topic Eastern Orthodox churches
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00414-00101532-00101768 the Jesus Prayer which for the early
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00415-00101769-00101969 fathers was just a training for repose
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00416-00101970-00102173 the later Byzantines developed into
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00417-00102174-00102398 hesychasm a spiritual work of its own
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00418-00102399-00102626 attaching to it technical requirements
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00419-00102627-00102818 and various stipulations that became a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00420-00102819-00102964 matter of serious theological
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00421-00102965-00103148 controversy and are still of great
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00422-00103149-00103360 interest to Byzantine Russian and other
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00423-00103361-00103631 Eastern Churches while he maintains his
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00424-00103632-00103838 practice of the Jesus Prayer the HESI
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00425-00103839-00104032 caste cultivates Nexus watchful
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00426-00104033-00104318 attention sobriety contributes to this
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00427-00104319-00104525 mental ascesis that rejects tempting
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00428-00104526-00104707 thoughts it puts a great emphasis on
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00429-00104708-00105005 focus and attention the HESI caste is to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00430-00105006-00105146 pay extreme attention to the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00431-00105147-00105326 consciousness of his inner world into
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00432-00105327-00105484 the words of the Jesus Prayer not
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00433-00105485-00105665 letting his mind wander in any way at
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00434-00105666-00105968 all the Jesus Prayer invokes an attitude
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00435-00105969-00106151 of humility essential for the attainment
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00436-00106152-00106439 of theoria the Jesus Prayer is also
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00437-00106440-00106658 invoked to pacify the passions as well
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00438-00106658-00106847 as the illusions that lead a person to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00439-00106848-00107099 actively express these passions the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00440-00107100-00107311 worldly neurotic mind is habitually
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00441-00107313-00107492 accustomed to seek perpetuation of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00442-00107493-00107663 pleasant sensations and to avoid
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00443-00107664-00107948 unpleasant ones this state of incessant
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00444-00107949-00108164 agitation of the mind is attributed to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00445-00108165-00108332 the corruption of primordial knowledge
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00446-00108333-00108559 and union with God the fall of man and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00447-00108560-00108707 the defilement and corruption of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00448-00108708-00108861 consciousness or noose
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00449-00108863-00109076 according to st. theophan the recluse
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00450-00109077-00109283 though the Jesus Prayer has long been
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00451-00109283-00109439 associated with the prayer of the heart
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00452-00109440-00109854 they are not synonymous
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00453-00109855-00110401 topic Roman Catholic Church
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00454-00110402-00110596 methods of prayer in the Roman Catholic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00455-00110597-00110854 Church include recitation of the Jesus
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00456-00110855-00111139 Prayer which combines the Christological
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00457-00111140-00111407 hymn of Philippians chapter 2 verses 6
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00458-00111408-00111661 to 11 with the cry of the publican Luke
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00459-00111662-00111937 chapter 18 verse 13 and the blind man
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00460-00111938-00112222 begging for light mark chapter 10 verses
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00461-00112223-00112627 46 to 52 by it the heart is opened to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00462-00112628-00112804 human wretchedness and the Savior's
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00463-00112805-00113132 mercy invocation of the Holy Name of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00464-00113133-00113413 Jesus recitation as recommended by st.
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00465-00113414-00113623 John Cassian of Oh God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00466-00113624-00113872 come to my assistance Oh Lord make haste
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00467-00113873-00114208 to help me or other verses of scripture
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00468-00114209-00114448 repetition of a single monosyllabic word
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00469-00114449-00114616 as suggested by the Cloud of Unknowing
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00470-00114617-00115102 such as God or love the method used in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00471-00115103-00115288 centering prayer the use of lectio
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00472-00115289-00115343 Divina
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00473-00115344-00115627 in modern times centering prayer which
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00474-00115628-00115882 is also called prayer of the heart and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00475-00115883-00116164 prayer of simplicity has been
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00476-00116165-00116395 popularized by Thomas Keating drawing on
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00477-00116396-00116671 hesychasm and the Cloud of Unknowing the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00478-00116672-00116857 practice of contemplative prayer has
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00479-00116858-00117058 also been encouraged by the formation of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00480-00117059-00117265 associations like the Julian meetings
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00481-00117266-00117726 and the fellowship of meditation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00482-00117727-00118238 topic stages
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00483-00118239-00118709 topic models
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00484-00118710-00119329 topic Dionysius the pseudo Areopagus
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00485-00119330-00119515 according to the standard esthetic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00486-00119516-00119693 formulation of this process as
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00487-00119694-00119918 formulated by Dionysus the pseudo
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00488-00119919-00120177 areopagus there are three stages
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00489-00120178-00120550 catharsis or purification the areia or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00490-00120551-00120864 illumination also called natural or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00491-00120865-00121279 acquired contemplation union or theosis
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00492-00121280-00121397 also called
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00493-00121398-00121735 infused or higher contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00494-00121736-00121973 indwelling in God vision of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00495-00121974-00122243 deification union with God purification
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00496-00122244-00122440 and illumination of the noetic faculty
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00497-00122441-00122620 our preparations for the vision of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00498-00122621-00122858 without this preparations it is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00499-00122858-00123064 impossible for man selfish love to be
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00500-00123065-00123313 transformed into selfless love this
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00501-00123314-00123511 transformation takes place during the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00502-00123512-00123649 higher level of the stage of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00503-00123650-00123859 illumination called theoria literally
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00504-00123860-00124051 meaning vision in this case vision by
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00505-00124052-00124213 means of unceasing and uninterrupted
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00506-00124214-00124523 memory of God those who remain selfish
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00507-00124524-00124678 and self-centered with a hardened heart
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00508-00124679-00124891 close to God's love will not see the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00509-00124892-00125183 glory of God in this life however they
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00510-00125183-00125386 will see God's glory eventually but as
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00511-00125387-00125587 an eternal and consuming fire and outer
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00512-00125588-00125903 darkness
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00513-00125904-00126415 topic alternative models
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00514-00126416-00126625 in the advance to contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00515-00126626-00126933 Augustine spoke of seven stages the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00516-00126934-00127063 first three are merely natural
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00517-00127064-00127311 preliminary stages corresponding to the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00518-00127313-00127546 vegetative sensitive and rational levels
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00519-00127547-00127855 of human life the fourth stage is that a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00520-00127856-00128184 virtue or purification the fifth is that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00521-00128185-00128374 of the tranquility attained by control
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00522-00128375-00128661 of the passions the sixth is entrance
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00523-00128663-00128835 into the divine light the illuminative
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00524-00128836-00129124 stage the seventh is the indwelling or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00525-00129125-00129316 unitive stage that is truly mystical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00526-00129317-00129609 contemplation st. Teresa of Avila
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00527-00129610-00129832 described four degrees or stages of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00528-00129833-00130132 mystical union in complete mystical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00529-00130133-00130308 union or the prayer of quiet or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00530-00130309-00130485 supernatural recollection when the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00531-00130486-00130672 action of God is not strong enough to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00532-00130673-00130879 prevent distractions and the imagination
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00533-00130880-00131200 still retains a certain Liberty full or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00534-00131201-00131422 semi ecstatic union when the strength of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00535-00131423-00131629 the Divine action keeps the person fully
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00536-00131630-00131851 occupied but the senses continue to act
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00537-00131852-00132052 so that by making an effort the person
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00538-00132053-00132355 can cease from prayer ecstatic union or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00539-00132356-00132565 ecstasy when communications with the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00540-00132566-00132769 external world are severed or nearly so
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00541-00132770-00132943 and one can no longer it will move from
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00542-00132944-00133258 that state and transforming or deifying
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00543-00133259-00133504 Union or spiritual marriage properly of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00544-00133505-00133693 the soul with God the first three are
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00545-00133694-00133894 weak medium and the energetic states of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00546-00133895-00134167 the same grace the transforming union
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00547-00134168-00134353 differs from them specifically and not
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00548-00134354-00134644 merely in intensity it consists in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00549-00134645-00134827 habitual consciousness of a mysterious
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00550-00134828-00135046 grace which all shall possess in heaven
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00551-00135047-00135240 the anticipation of the divine nature
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00552-00135241-00135490 the soul is conscious of the divine
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00553-00135491-00135715 assistance in its superior supernatural
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00554-00135716-00135919 operations those of the intellect in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00555-00135920-00136189 will spiritual marriage differs from
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00556-00136190-00136408 spiritual espousals in asmik as the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00557-00136409-00136585 first of these states is permanent in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00558-00136586-00137008 the second only transitory
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00559-00137009-00137574 topic catharsis purification
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00560-00137575-00137865 in the Orthodox churches theosis results
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00561-00137866-00138042 from leading a pure life practicing
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00562-00138043-00138183 restraint and adhering to the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00563-00138184-00138348 commandments putting the love of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00564-00138349-00138644 before all else this metamorphosis
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00565-00138645-00138858 Transfiguration or transformation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00566-00138859-00139134 results from a deep love of God st.
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00567-00139135-00139371 Isaac the Syrian says that paradise is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00568-00139372-00139608 the love of God in which the Bliss of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00569-00139609-00139938 all the Beatitudes is contained and that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00570-00139939-00140180 the Tree of Life as the love of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00571-00140181-00140541 homily 72 theoria is thus achieved by
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00572-00140542-00140688 the pure of heart who are no longer
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00573-00140689-00140835 subject to the afflictions of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00574-00140836-00141081 passions it is a gift from the Holy
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00575-00141082-00141273 Spirit to those who through observance
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00576-00141274-00141459 of the commandments of God and ascetic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00577-00141460-00141720 practices see praxis can dosis pustynia
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00578-00141721-00141936 and schema have achieved dispassion
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00579-00141937-00142158 purification proceeds conversion and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00580-00142159-00142350 constitutes a turning away from all that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00581-00142351-00142596 is unclean and unwholesome this is a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00582-00142597-00142808 purification of mind and body as
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00583-00142809-00143055 preparation for theoria however the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00584-00143056-00143238 concept of purification in this
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00585-00143239-00143397 three-part scheme refers most
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00586-00143398-00143580 importantly to the purification of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00587-00143581-00143778 consciousness News the Faculty of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00588-00143779-00143964 discernment and knowledge wisdom whose
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00589-00143965-00144153 awakening is essential to coming out of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00590-00144154-00144288 the state of delusion that is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00591-00144289-00144470 characteristic of the worldly minded
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00592-00144471-00144723 after the news has been cleansed the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00593-00144724-00144903 Faculty of wisdom may then begin to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00594-00144904-00145131 operate more consistently with a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00595-00145132-00145326 purified news clear vision and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00596-00145327-00145560 understanding become possible making one
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00597-00145561-00145833 fit for contemplative prayer in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00598-00145834-00146034 eastern orthodox ascetic tradition
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00599-00146035-00146277 called hesychasm humility as a saintly
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00600-00146278-00146481 attribute is called holy wisdom or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00601-00146482-00146748 Sophia humility is the most critical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00602-00146749-00146936 component to humanity's salvation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00603-00146937-00147204 following Christ's instruction to go
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00604-00147205-00147426 into your room or closet and shut the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00605-00147427-00147609 door and pray to your father who is in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00606-00147610-00148002 secret Matthew chapter 6 verse 6 the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00607-00148003-00148218 HESI cast withdraws into solitude in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00608-00148219-00148383 order that he or she may enter into a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00609-00148384-00148568 deeper state of contemplative stillness
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00610-00148569-00148839 by means of this stillness the mind has
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00611-00148840-00149058 calmed and the ability to see reality is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00612-00149059-00149319 enhanced the practitioner seeks to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00613-00149320-00149487 attain what the Apostle Paul called
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00614-00149488-00149820 unceasing prayer some Eastern Orthodox
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00615-00149821-00150030 theologians object to what they consider
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00616-00150031-00150264 an overly speculative rationalistic and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00617-00150265-00150480 insufficiently experiential nature of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00618-00150481-00150708 Roman Catholic theology and confusion
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00619-00150709-00151249 between different aspects of the Trinity
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00620-00151250-00151840 epic contemplation theoria illumination
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00621-00151841-00152110 in the Orthodox churches noetic prayer
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00622-00152111-00152392 is the first stage of theoria theoria
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00623-00152393-00152599 proper is the vision of God which is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00624-00152600-00152770 beyond conceptual knowledge like the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00625-00152771-00152929 difference between reading about the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00626-00152930-00153115 experience of another and reading about
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00627-00153116-00153304 one's own experience in the Roman
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00628-00153305-00153514 Catholic Church in natural or acquired
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00629-00153515-00153709 contemplation there is one dominant
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00630-00153710-00153856 thought or sentiment which recurs
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00631-00153857-00154039 constantly and easily although with
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00632-00154040-00154240 little or no development amid many other
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00633-00154241-00154519 thoughts beneficial or otherwise the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00634-00154520-00154693 prayer of simplicity often has a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00635-00154694-00154915 tendency to simplify itself even in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00636-00154916-00155095 respect to its object leading one to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00637-00155096-00155305 think chiefly of God and of his presence
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00638-00155306-00155578 but in a confused manner definitions
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00639-00155579-00155800 similar to that of Saint Alphonsus Maria
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00640-00155801-00155959 de Liguori are given by adolphe
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00641-00155960-00156217 Tanqueray a simple gaze on God and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00642-00156218-00156409 divine things proceeding from love
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00643-00156410-00156739 intending thereto and st. Francis
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00644-00156740-00157030 DeSales a loving simple and permanent
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00645-00157031-00157213 attentiveness of the mind to divine
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00646-00157214-00157522 things in the words of Saint Alphonsus
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00647-00157523-00157789 maria delle gory acquired contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00648-00157790-00158035 consists in seeing at a simple glance
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00649-00158036-00158251 the truths which could previously be
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00650-00158252-00158398 discovered only through prolonged
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00651-00158399-00158764 discourse reasoning is largely replaced
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00652-00158765-00158944 by intuition and affections and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00653-00158945-00159148 resolutions though not absent are only
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00654-00159149-00159352 slightly varied and expressed in a few
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00655-00159353-00159414 words
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00656-00159415-00159730 similarly st. Ignatius of Loyola in his
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00657-00159731-00159918 30-day retreat or Spiritual Exercises
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00658-00159919-00160237 beginning in the second week with its
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00659-00160238-00160444 focus on the life of Jesus describes
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00660-00160445-00160618 less reflection and more simple
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00661-00160619-00160783 contemplation on the events of Jesus
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00662-00160784-00161086 life these contemplations consist mainly
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00663-00161087-00161283 in a simple gaze and include an
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00664-00161284-00161578 application of the senses to the event
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00665-00161579-00161758 to further one's empathy for Jesus
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00666-00161759-00161995 values to love him more and to follow
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00667-00161996-00162298 him more closely natural or acquired
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00668-00162299-00162496 contemplation has been compared to the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00669-00162497-00162679 attitude of a mother watching over the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00670-00162680-00162871 cradle of her child she thinks lovingly
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00671-00162872-00163066 of the child without reflection and amid
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00672-00163067-00163309 interruptions the Catechism of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00673-00163310-00163555 Catholic Church states what is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00674-00163556-00163846 contemplative prayer st. Teresa answers
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00675-00163847-00164065 contemplative prayer or hace own mental
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00676-00164066-00164254 in my opinion as nothing else than a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00677-00164255-00164455 close sharing between friends it means
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00678-00164456-00164668 taking time frequently to be alone with
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00679-00164669-00164776 him who we know loves us
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00680-00164777-00164944 contemplative prayer seeks him whom my
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00681-00164945-00165064 soul loves
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00682-00165065-00165358 it is Jesus and in him the father we
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00683-00165359-00165562 seek Him because to desire him is always
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00684-00165563-00165754 the beginning of love and we seek him in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00685-00165755-00165928 that pure faith which causes us to be
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00686-00165929-00166150 born of him and deliver him in this
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00687-00166151-00166357 inner prayer we can still meditate but
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00688-00166358-00166492 our attention is fixed on the Lord
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00689-00166493-00166836 Himself
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00690-00166837-00167378 topic unity theosis
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00691-00167379-00167622 in the Orthodox churches the highest
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00692-00167623-00167820 theoria the highest consciousness that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00693-00167821-00167997 can be experienced by the whole person
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00694-00167998-00168290 is the vision of God God is beyond being
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00695-00168291-00168488 he is a hyper being God is beyond
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00696-00168489-00168735 nothingness nothingness is a gulf
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00697-00168736-00169004 between God and man God is the origin of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00698-00169005-00169229 everything including nothingness this
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00699-00169230-00169475 experience of God in hypostasis shows
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00700-00169476-00169679 God's essence is incomprehensible or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00701-00169680-00169995 uncreated God is the origin that has no
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00702-00169996-00170208 origin hence he is apophatic and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00703-00170209-00170394 transcendent in essence or being in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00704-00170395-00170609 catyph attic in foundational realities
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00705-00170610-00170897 imminence and energies this ontic or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00706-00170898-00171134 ontological theoria is the observation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00707-00171135-00171362 of God a noose in a state of ecstasy or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00708-00171363-00171582 ex stasis called the eighth day is not
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00709-00171583-00171749 internal or external to the world
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00710-00171750-00172016 outside of time and space it experiences
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00711-00172017-00172289 the infinite and limitless God news is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00712-00172290-00172604 the eye of the soul Matthew chapter 6
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00713-00172605-00172961 verses 22 to 34 insight into being and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00714-00172962-00173133 becoming called noesis through the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00715-00173134-00173327 intuitive truth called faith in God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00716-00173328-00173496 action through faith and love for God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00717-00173497-00173702 leads to truth through our contemplative
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00718-00173703-00174026 faculties this theory or speculation as
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00719-00174027-00174260 action in faith and love for God is then
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00720-00174261-00174519 expressed famously as Beauty shall save
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00721-00174520-00174815 the world this expression comes from a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00722-00174816-00175032 mystical or noisy illogical perspective
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00723-00175033-00175262 rather than a scientific philosophical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00724-00175263-00175460 or cultural one in the Roman Catholic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00725-00175461-00175685 Church infused or higher contemplation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00726-00175686-00175889 also called intuitive passive or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00727-00175890-00176129 extraordinary is a supernatural gift by
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00728-00176130-00176268 which a person's mind will become
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00729-00176269-00176564 totally centered on God it is a form of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00730-00176565-00176757 mystical union with God a union
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00731-00176758-00176958 characterized by the fact that it is God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00732-00176959-00177284 and God only who manifests himself under
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00733-00177285-00177491 this influence of God which assumes the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00734-00177492-00177698 free cooperation of the human will the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00735-00177699-00177902 intellect receives special insights into
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00736-00177903-00178085 things of the Spirit and the affections
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00737-00178086-00178286 are extraordinarily animated with divine
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00738-00178287-00178553 love this union that it entails may be
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00739-00178554-00178775 linked with manifestations of a created
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00740-00178776-00178991 object as for example visions of the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00741-00178992-00179193 Humanity of Christ or an angel or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00742-00179194-00179501 revelations of a future event etc they
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00743-00179502-00179718 include miraculous bodily phenomena
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00744-00179719-00179931 sometimes observed in ecstatics in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00745-00179932-00180098 Roman Catholic Church infused
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00746-00180099-00180345 contemplation described as a divinely
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00747-00180346-00180629 originated general non-conceptual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00748-00180630-00180853 loving awareness of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00749-00180854-00181126 is according to Thomas dub a the normal
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00750-00181127-00181318 ordinary development of discursive
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00751-00181319-00181600 prayer which it gradually replaces he
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00752-00181601-00181888 writes it is a wordless awareness and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00753-00181889-00182044 love that we of ourselves cannot
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00754-00182045-00182308 initiate or prolong the beginnings of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00755-00182309-00182476 this contemplation our brief and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00756-00182477-00182671 frequently interrupted by distractions
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00757-00182672-00182962 the reality is so unimposing that one
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00758-00182963-00183106 who lacks instruction can fail to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00759-00183107-00183369 appreciate what exactly is taking place
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00760-00183370-00183646 initial infused prayer is so ordinary
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00761-00183647-00183850 and unspectacular in the early stages
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00762-00183851-00184036 that many failed to recognize it for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00763-00184037-00184318 what it is yet with generous people that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00764-00184319-00184468 is with those who try to live the whole
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00765-00184469-00184669 gospel wholeheartedly and who engage in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00766-00184670-00184996 an earnest prayer life it is common dub
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00767-00184997-00185215 a considers infused contemplation is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00768-00185216-00185443 common only among those who try to live
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00769-00185444-00185665 the whole gospel wholeheartedly and who
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00770-00185666-00186001 engage in an earnest prayer life other
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00771-00186002-00186211 writers view contemplative prayer in its
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00772-00186212-00186433 infused supernatural form as far from
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00773-00186434-00186694 common John Baptist's caramely
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00774-00186695-00186925 reacting in the 17th century against
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00775-00186926-00187129 quietism taught that asceticism and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00776-00187130-00187339 mysticism are two distinct paths to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00777-00187340-00187534 perfection the former being the normal
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00778-00187535-00187726 ordinary end of the Christian life and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00779-00187727-00187912 the latter something extraordinary and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00780-00187913-00188197 very rare Jordan Amin considered that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00781-00188198-00188383 this idea of the two paths was an
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00782-00188384-00188680 innovation in spiritual theology and a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00783-00188681-00188869 departure from the traditional Catholic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00784-00188870-00189044 teaching
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00785-00189045-00189260 and Jacques Maritain proposed that one
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00786-00189261-00189407 should not say that every mystic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00787-00189408-00189629 necessarily enjoys habitual infused
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00788-00189630-00189809 contemplation in the mystical state
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00789-00189810-00189995 since the gifts of the holy spirit are
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00790-00189996-00190506 not limited to intellectual operations
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00791-00190507-00191096 topic false spiritual knowledge
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00792-00191097-00191348 in the Orthodox churches theoria is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00793-00191349-00191531 regarded to lead to true spiritual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00794-00191532-00191728 knowledge in contrast to the false or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00795-00191729-00191921 incomplete knowledge of rational thought
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00796-00191922-00192185 CQ conjecture speculation
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00797-00192186-00192529 Dyan Oya stochastic and dialectics after
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00798-00192530-00192758 illumination or theoria humanity is in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00799-00192759-00192983 union with God and can properly discern
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00800-00192984-00193118 or have holy wisdom
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00801-00193119-00193400 hence theoria the experience or vision
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00802-00193401-00193614 of God silences all humanity
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00803-00193615-00193877 the most common false spiritual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00804-00193878-00194033 knowledge is derived not from an
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00805-00194034-00194219 experience of God but from reading
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00806-00194220-00194435 another person's experience of God and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00807-00194436-00194600 subsequently arriving at one's own
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00808-00194601-00194783 conclusions believing those conclusions
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00809-00194784-00194989 to be indistinguishable from the actual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00810-00194990-00195299 experience knowledge false spiritual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00811-00195300-00195464 knowledge can also be iniquitous
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00812-00195465-00195650 generated from an evil rather than a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00813-00195651-00195914 holy source the gift of the knowledge of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00814-00195915-00196109 good and evil is then required which is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00815-00196110-00196424 given by God humanity in its finite
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00816-00196425-00196654 existence as created beings or creatures
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00817-00196655-00196871 can never by its own accord arrive at a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00818-00196872-00197074 sufficiently objective consciousness
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00819-00197075-00197351 theosis is the gradual submission of a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00820-00197352-00197537 person to the good who then with divine
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00821-00197538-00197740 grace from the person's relationship or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00822-00197741-00198003 union with God attains deification
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00823-00198004-00198251 illumination restores humanity to that
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00824-00198252-00198454 state of faith existent in God called
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00825-00198455-00198640 noesis before humanity's consciousness
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00826-00198641-00199201 and reality was changed by their fall
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00827-00199202-00199703 topic spiritual somnolence
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00828-00199704-00199985 in the Orthodox churches false spiritual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00829-00199986-00200147 knowledge is regarded as leading to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00830-00200148-00200358 spiritual delusion Russian pre lest
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00831-00200359-00200552 greek plan e which is the opposite of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00832-00200553-00200876 sobriety sobriety called nexus means
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00833-00200877-00201096 full consciousness and self-realization
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00834-00201097-00201306 and stasis giving true spiritual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00835-00201307-00201599 knowledge called true gnosis pre lester
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00836-00201600-00201800 plenty is the estrangement of the person
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00837-00201801-00202020 to existence or objective reality an
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00838-00202021-00202313 alienation called a marcia this includes
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00839-00202314-00202581 damaging or vilifying the news or simply
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00840-00202582-00202785 having a non-functioning noetic and mep
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00841-00202786-00203036 tickle t evil is by definition the act
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00842-00203037-00203222 of turning humanity against its creator
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00843-00203223-00203549 and existence my so theism a hatred of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00844-00203550-00203750 god is a catalyst that separates
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00845-00203751-00203963 humanity from nature or vilifies the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00846-00203964-00204188 realities of ontology the spiritual
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00847-00204189-00204472 world in the natural or material world
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00848-00204473-00204701 reconciliation between god the uncreated
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00849-00204702-00204881 and man has reached through submission
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00850-00204882-00205073 in faith to God the eternal IIE
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00851-00205075-00205292 transcendence rather than transgression
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00852-00205294-00205607 magic the Trinity as news word and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00853-00205608-00205889 spirit hypostasis is ontologically the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00854-00205890-00206098 basis of humanity's being or existence
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00855-00206100-00206400 the Trinity is the creator of humanity's
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00856-00206401-00206603 being via each component of humanity's
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00857-00206604-00206879 existence origin as news exnihilo inner
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00858-00206880-00207123 experience or spiritual experience and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00859-00207123-00207335 physical experience which is exemplified
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00860-00207336-00207548 by Christ logos or the uncreated
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00861-00207550-00207767 prototype of the highest ideal and his
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00862-00207769-00208016 saints the following of false knowledge
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00863-00208017-00208217 is marked by the symptom of somnolence
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00864-00208219-00208559 or awake sleep and later psychosis
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00865-00208560-00208823 theoria as opposed to allegorical or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00866-00208825-00209009 symbolic interpretations of church
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00867-00209010-00209354 traditions
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00868-00209355-00209952 topic false asceticism or cults
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00869-00209953-00210204 in the Orthodox practice once the stage
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00870-00210205-00210402 of true discernment D a crisis is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00871-00210403-00210606 reached called fro Naima one is able to
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00872-00210607-00210798 distinguish false gnosis from valid
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00873-00210798-00211077 gnosis and has holy wisdom the highest
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00874-00211078-00211350 holy wisdom Sophia or haya Sophia is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00875-00211351-00211605 cultivated by humility or meekness akin
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00876-00211606-00211839 to that personified by the Theotokos and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00877-00211840-00212016 all of the saints that came after her in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00878-00212017-00212211 Christ collectively referred to as the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00879-00212212-00212487 ecclesia or church this community of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00880-00212488-00212688 unbroken witnesses as the Orthodox
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00881-00212689-00212916 Church wisdom is cultivated by humility
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00882-00212917-00213153 emptying of oneself and remembrance of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00883-00213154-00213363 death against thymos ego greed and
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00884-00213364-00213648 selfishness and the passions practicing
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00885-00213648-00213869 asceticism as being dead to the passions
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00886-00213871-00214056 and the ego collectively known as the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00887-00214057-00214344 world God is beyond knowledge in the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00888-00214344-00214571 falling human mind and as such can only
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00889-00214573-00214785 be experienced in his hypostasis through
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00890-00214786-00215073 faith no ethically false ascetism leads
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00891-00215073-00215271 not to reconciliation with God in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00892-00215271-00215487 existence but toward a false existence
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00893-00215488-00216037 based on rebellion to existence
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00894-00216038-00216681 pick scientific research 15 Carmelite
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00895-00216682-00216876 nuns allowed scientists to scan their
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00896-00216877-00217050 brains with fMRI while they were
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00897-00217051-00217248 meditating in a state known as unio
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00898-00217249-00217527 Mystica or theoria the results showed
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00899-00217528-00217671 the regions of the brain that were
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00900-00217672-00217813 activated when they considered
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00901-00217814-00217996 themselves to be in mystical union with
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00902-00217996-00218325 God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00903-00218326-00218892 topic modern philosophy
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00904-00218892-00219146 in modern times theoria is sometimes
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00905-00219148-00219303 treated as distinct from the meaning
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00906-00219304-00219519 given to it in Christianity linking the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00907-00219519-00219702 word not with contemplation but with
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00908-00219703-00220232 speculation Boethius see 480 to 524 or
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00909-00220233-00220521 525 translated the Greek word theoria
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00910-00220521-00220758 into Latin not as content play co but as
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00911-00220759-00220992 speculation and theory is taken to mean
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00912-00220992-00221286 speculative philosophy a distinction is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00913-00221287-00221439 made more radical than in ancient
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00914-00221440-00221688 philosophy between theoria and praxis
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00915-00221689-00221979 theory and practice topics see also
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00916-00221980-00222231 topic notes sub notes topic references
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00917-00222232-00222456 topics sources printed sources topic
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00918-00222457-00222630 further reading Eastern Orthodox
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00919-00222631-00222834 Christopher a halt reading scripture
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00920-00222835-00223019 with the Church Fathers InterVarsity
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00921-00223021-00223590 press 2001 ISBN 978 Oh 8 308 1 505
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00922-00223591-00223892 vladimir lossky the vision of god SVS
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00923-00223894-00224325 press 1997 ISBN no nine one three eight
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00924-00224326-00224730 three six one nine two laughs Andrew the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00925-00224731-00224901 origins of the Christian mystical
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00926-00224902-00225215 tradition from Plato to Denis Oxford
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00927-00225216-00225978 1983 re PR 2003 ISBN 0 1 9 1 608 777
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00928-00225979-00226317 Matta al Miskin Orthodox prayer life the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00929-00226317-00226542 interior way st. Vladimir's seminary
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00930-00226542-00226902 press 2003 ISBN doe eight eight one four
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00931-00226903-00227262 one two 503 aristotle Papanicolaou being
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00932-00227263-00227505 with God University of Notre Dame press
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00933-00227506-00227925 February 24 2006 ISBN Oh two six eight
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00934-00227926-00228162 oh three eight three oh nine Marcus
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00935-00228163-00228414 plastun the macaron legacy the place of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00936-00228415-00228621 Macarius simeon in the eastern christian
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00937-00228621-00228848 tradition oxford theological monographs
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00938-00228850-00229278 2004 ISBN o one nine nine two six seven
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00939-00229279-00229509 seven nine Oh Tomas vitalink
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00940-00229510-00229728 the spirituality of the Christian East a
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00941-00229729-00229923 systematic handbook Cistercian
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00942-00229923-00230253 publications Inc Kalamazoo Michigan 1986
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00943-00230254-00230538 ISBN oh eight seven nine oh seven eight
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00944-00230539-00230637 seven nine Oh
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00945-00230638-00230904 Dimitri Stan Aloha the experience of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00946-00230905-00231098 revelation and knowledge of the triune
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00947-00231100-00231419 God Orthodox dogmatic theology vol 1
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00948-00231421-00231617 revelation and knowledge of the triune
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00949-00231619-00231915 God holy cross Orthodox press May 17
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00950-00231916-00232239 2005 ISBN o 9 1 7
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00951-00232240-00232631 six five one 707 Dmitri standalone the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00952-00232632-00232754 experience of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00953-00232755-00233046 Orthodox dogmatic theology volume to the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00954-00233046-00233282 world creation and deification holy
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00955-00233283-00233642 cross Orthodox press June 16 2005 ISBN
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00956-00233644-00233969 one eight eight five six five two four
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00957-00233971-00234015 one
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00958-00234016-00234242 Oh Huayra Theo's of naath Pok tous the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00959-00234244-00234371 illness and cure of the seoul
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00960-00234373-00234578 metropolitan publisher birth of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00961-00234579-00234864 Theotokos monastery greece january 1st
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00962-00234865-00235221 2005 ISBN nine seven eight nine six oh
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00963-00235221-00235505 seven oh seven oh one eight oh western
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00964-00235506-00235823 amin jordan christian spirituality in
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00965-00235825-00236044 the Catholic tradition sheet in Ward
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00966-00236046-00236579 1985 P 247 is B and O eight nine eight
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00967-00236580-00236996 seven oh six eight X dub a Thomas fire
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00968-00236998-00237219 within Teresa of ávila John of the Cross
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00969-00237219-00237539 and the gospel and prayer Ignatius press
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00970-00237540-00237951 1989 ISBN o eight nine eight seven oh
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00971-00237952-00238334 two six three one Keating Thomas active
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00972-00238335-00238531 meditations for contemplative prayer
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00973-00238532-00238817 continuum international Publishing Group
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00974-00238817-00239241 1997 ISBN o eight two six four one O six
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00975-00239242-00239640 one eight Keating Thomas foundations for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00976-00239641-00239790 centering prayer and the Christian
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00977-00239791-00239994 contemplative life continuum
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00978-00239994-00240329 international Publishing Group 2002 ISBN
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00979-00240330-00240615 o eight two six four one three nine
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00980-00240616-00240963 seven eight Keating Thomas open mind
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00981-00240964-00241133 open heart the contemplative dimension
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00982-00241134-00241421 of the gospel continuum international
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00983-00241421-00241851 Publishing Group 2002 ISBN o eight two
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00984-00241852-00242300 six four one four 206 Merton Thomas
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00985-00242301-00242651 contemplative prayer image books 1996
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00986-00242652-00242954 ISBN o three 8509
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00987-00242955-00243269 two one nine nine Underhill Evelyn's
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00988-00243271-00243509 practical mysticism a little book for
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00989-00243510-00243959 normal people read books 2006 ISBN 1
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00990-00243960-00244205 billion four hundred six million seven
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00991-00244206-00244362 hundred ninety six thousand three
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00992-00244363-00244641 hundred twenty eight the Catechism of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00993-00244642-00244853 the Catholic Church has a subsection on
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00994-00244854-00245042 contemplative prayer within its section
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00995-00245044-00245210 on prayer in the Christian life other
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00996-00245211-00245507 youngin ray a time of departing how
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00997-00245508-00245646 ancient mystical practice
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00998-00245646-00245826 are uniting Christians with the world's
wRgVyLFxKHQ-00999-00245827-00246110 religions lighthouse trails publishing
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01000-00246111-00246513 2006 second edition ISBN nine seven
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01001-00246514-00246816 eight oh nine seven two one five one two
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01002-00246817-00247205 seven six topic external links aristotle
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01003-00247206-00247373 why the contemplative life as the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01004-00247375-00247748 happiest Nicomachean ethics 10.7 english
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01005-00247750-00247944 and greek contemplative outreach
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01006-00247944-00248169 differences between orthodoxy and other
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01007-00248169-00248423 religions Eastern Orthodoxy goa eastern
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01008-00248425-00248669 orthodoxy OCA ignatius loyola
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01009-00248669-00248969 contemplation to gain love of God from
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01010-00248971-00249201 the Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01011-00249202-00249555 Loyola Gregory Palamas fight for the
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01012-00249556-00249665 vision of God
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01013-00249666-00250029 theoria Tabor light is vision what is
wRgVyLFxKHQ-01014-00250030-00250406 the human news by John Roman IDEs
wUuVYzC4bkA-00000-00000053-00000356 India is a federal union comprising 29
wUuVYzC4bkA-00001-00000357-00000592 states and 7 union territories for a
wUuVYzC4bkA-00002-00000593-00000899 total of 36 entities the states and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00003-00000900-00001118 union territories are further subdivided
wUuVYzC4bkA-00004-00001119-00001244 into districts and smaller
wUuVYzC4bkA-00005-00001245-00001682 administrative divisions
wUuVYzC4bkA-00006-00001684-00002324 topic responsibilities and authorities
wUuVYzC4bkA-00007-00002325-00002635 topic the Constitution of India
wUuVYzC4bkA-00008-00002636-00002867 distributes the sovereign executive and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00009-00002868-00003074 legislative powers exercisable with
wUuVYzC4bkA-00010-00003075-00003268 respect to the territory of any state
wUuVYzC4bkA-00011-00003269-00003771 between the Union and that state
wUuVYzC4bkA-00012-00003772-00004220 topic history
wUuVYzC4bkA-00013-00004221-00004586 topic
wUuVYzC4bkA-00014-00004587-00005111 topic pre-independence
wUuVYzC4bkA-00015-00005112-00005456 topic the indian sub-continent has been
wUuVYzC4bkA-00016-00005457-00005649 ruled by many different ethnic groups
wUuVYzC4bkA-00017-00005650-00005766 throughout its history
wUuVYzC4bkA-00018-00005767-00005954 each instituting their own policies of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00019-00005955-00006134 administrative division in the region
wUuVYzC4bkA-00020-00006135-00006389 during the British Raj the original
wUuVYzC4bkA-00021-00006390-00006603 administrative structure was mostly kept
wUuVYzC4bkA-00022-00006604-00006777 and India was divided into provinces
wUuVYzC4bkA-00023-00006778-00007005 also called presidencies that were
wUuVYzC4bkA-00024-00007006-00007178 directly governed by the British and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00025-00007179-00007362 princely states which were nominally
wUuVYzC4bkA-00026-00007363-00007545 controlled by a local prince or Raja
wUuVYzC4bkA-00027-00007545-00007760 loyal to the British Empire which held
wUuVYzC4bkA-00028-00007761-00007985 de facto sovereignty suzerainty over the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00029-00007986-00008414 princely State
wUuVYzC4bkA-00030-00008415-00009021 topic 1947 to 1950
wUuVYzC4bkA-00031-00009022-00009474 topic between 1947 and 1950 the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00032-00009475-00009654 territories of the princely states were
wUuVYzC4bkA-00033-00009655-00009846 politically integrated into the Indian
wUuVYzC4bkA-00034-00009847-00010122 Union most were merged into existing
wUuVYzC4bkA-00035-00010123-00010344 provinces others were organized into new
wUuVYzC4bkA-00036-00010345-00010596 provinces such as Rajputana camacho
wUuVYzC4bkA-00037-00010597-00010797 Pradesh Madhya Bharat and Vindhya
wUuVYzC4bkA-00038-00010798-00011010 Pradesh made up of multiple princely
wUuVYzC4bkA-00039-00011011-00011274 states a few including Mysore Hyderabad
wUuVYzC4bkA-00040-00011275-00011535 Bhopal and bilaspur became separate
wUuVYzC4bkA-00041-00011536-00011838 provinces the new constitution of India
wUuVYzC4bkA-00042-00011839-00012066 which came into force on the 26th of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00043-00012067-00012336 January 1950 made India a sovereign
wUuVYzC4bkA-00044-00012337-00012624 Democratic Republic the new republic was
wUuVYzC4bkA-00045-00012625-00012875 also declared to be a union of states
wUuVYzC4bkA-00046-00012876-00013221 the Constitution of 1950 distinguished
wUuVYzC4bkA-00047-00013222-00013530 between three main types of states part
wUuVYzC4bkA-00048-00013531-00013734 a states which were the former governors
wUuVYzC4bkA-00049-00013735-00013944 provinces of British India were ruled by
wUuVYzC4bkA-00050-00013944-00014097 an elected governor and state
wUuVYzC4bkA-00051-00014097-00014394 legislature the nine part a states were
wUuVYzC4bkA-00052-00014394-00014655 Assam Bihar Bombay Madhya Pradesh
wUuVYzC4bkA-00053-00014656-00014883 formerly central provinces and Berar
wUuVYzC4bkA-00054-00014884-00015168 Madras Orissa Punjab formerly East
wUuVYzC4bkA-00055-00015169-00015447 Punjab Uttar Pradesh formerly the United
wUuVYzC4bkA-00056-00015447-00015788 Provinces and West Bengal the eight Part
wUuVYzC4bkA-00057-00015790-00016022 B States were former princely states or
wUuVYzC4bkA-00058-00016023-00016218 groups of princely states governed by a
wUuVYzC4bkA-00059-00016219-00016434 Raj pramook who is usually the ruler of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00060-00016435-00016611 a constituent state and an elected
wUuVYzC4bkA-00061-00016612-00016857 legislature the Raj pramook was
wUuVYzC4bkA-00062-00016858-00017079 appointed by the President of India the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00063-00017080-00017322 Part B states were Hyderabad Jammu and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00064-00017323-00017619 Kashmir madhya bharat Mysore Patiala
wUuVYzC4bkA-00065-00017620-00017897 and East Punjab States Union pe PSU
wUuVYzC4bkA-00066-00017898-00018090 Rajasthan Saurashtra and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00067-00018091-00018405 travancore-cochin the ten part see
wUuVYzC4bkA-00068-00018406-00018609 states included both the former chief
wUuVYzC4bkA-00069-00018610-00018774 commissioners provinces and some
wUuVYzC4bkA-00070-00018775-00018966 princely states and each was governed by
wUuVYzC4bkA-00071-00018967-00019137 a chief commissioner appointed by the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00072-00019138-00019413 President of India the Part C states
wUuVYzC4bkA-00073-00019414-00019734 were Admiral Paul Vallas poor Korg Delhi
wUuVYzC4bkA-00074-00019735-00020034 Himanshu Pradesh coach menopur Tripura
wUuVYzC4bkA-00075-00020035-00020340 and Vindhya Pradesh the only Part D
wUuVYzC4bkA-00076-00020341-00020496 state was the Andaman and Nicobar
wUuVYzC4bkA-00077-00020497-00020703 Islands which were administered by a
wUuVYzC4bkA-00078-00020704-00020871 lieutenant governor appointed by the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00079-00020872-00021233 central government
wUuVYzC4bkA-00080-00021234-00022065 topic States Reorganisation 1951 to 1956
wUuVYzC4bkA-00081-00022066-00022389 topic the union territory of Puducherry
wUuVYzC4bkA-00082-00022390-00022713 was created in 1954 comprising the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00083-00022714-00022863 previous French and claves of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00084-00022864-00023211 Pondicherry coracle yonniman ma Andhra
wUuVYzC4bkA-00085-00023212-00023417 state was created on the 1st of October
wUuVYzC4bkA-00086-00023418-00023703 1953 from the Telugu speaking northern
wUuVYzC4bkA-00087-00023704-00023892 districts of Madras state the state's
wUuVYzC4bkA-00088-00023893-00024216 reorganization Act of 1956 reorganized
wUuVYzC4bkA-00089-00024217-00024399 the states based on linguistic lines
wUuVYzC4bkA-00090-00024400-00024579 resulting in the creation of the new
wUuVYzC4bkA-00091-00024580-00024876 States as a result of this act Madras
wUuVYzC4bkA-00092-00024877-00025038 State retained its name with Kenya
wUuVYzC4bkA-00093-00025039-00025203 Kumari district added to form
wUuVYzC4bkA-00094-00025204-00025485 travancore-cochin Andhra Pradesh was
wUuVYzC4bkA-00095-00025486-00025674 created with the merger of Andhra state
wUuVYzC4bkA-00096-00025675-00025851 with the Telugu speaking districts of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00097-00025852-00026217 Hyderabad state in 1956 Kerala was
wUuVYzC4bkA-00098-00026218-00026402 created with the merger of Malabar
wUuVYzC4bkA-00099-00026404-00026625 district and the Kisaragi taluk of south
wUuVYzC4bkA-00100-00026626-00026823 canara districts of madras state with
wUuVYzC4bkA-00101-00026824-00027111 travancore-cochin mysore state was
wUuVYzC4bkA-00102-00027112-00027270 reorganized with the addition of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00103-00027270-00027444 districts of Bellary in south canara
wUuVYzC4bkA-00104-00027445-00027675 excluding pasar 'god taluk and the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00105-00027676-00027833 colleague 'l taluk of Coimbatore
wUuVYzC4bkA-00106-00027835-00027995 district from the Madras State the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00107-00027997-00028218 districts of Belgium Bijapur north
wUuVYzC4bkA-00108-00028219-00028455 Canara and darwin from Bombay State the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00109-00028456-00028647 Kannada majority districts of bidar
wUuVYzC4bkA-00110-00028648-00028848 raichur and gulbarga from Hyderabad
wUuVYzC4bkA-00111-00028849-00029091 State in the province of Court the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00112-00029092-00029258 locative Islands which were divided
wUuVYzC4bkA-00113-00029260-00029463 between south canara and Malabar
wUuVYzC4bkA-00114-00029464-00029676 districts of Madras State were United
wUuVYzC4bkA-00115-00029677-00029874 and organized into the Union Territory
wUuVYzC4bkA-00116-00029875-00030213 of laxity Bombay State was enlarged by
wUuVYzC4bkA-00117-00030214-00030399 the addition of Saurashtra state and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00118-00030400-00030533 Kutch state the Marathi speaking
wUuVYzC4bkA-00119-00030535-00030758 districts of Nod per division of Madhya
wUuVYzC4bkA-00120-00030760-00030942 Pradesh in Marathwada region of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00121-00030943-00031245 Hyderabad state Rajasthan and Punjab
wUuVYzC4bkA-00122-00031245-00031422 gained territories from asthma and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00123-00031423-00031662 Patiala and East Punjab states Union
wUuVYzC4bkA-00124-00031663-00031875 respectively in certain territories of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00125-00031876-00032420 Bihar was transferred to West Bengal
wUuVYzC4bkA-00126-00032420-00032956 topic post one 956
wUuVYzC4bkA-00127-00032957-00033298 topic Bombay state was split into the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00128-00033299-00033454 linguistic states of Gujarat and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00129-00033455-00033733 Maharashtra on the 1st of May 1960 by
wUuVYzC4bkA-00130-00033734-00034033 the Bombay reorganisation act Nagaland
wUuVYzC4bkA-00131-00034034-00034291 was formed on the 1st of December 1963
wUuVYzC4bkA-00132-00034292-00034675 the Punjab reorganization Act of 1966
wUuVYzC4bkA-00133-00034676-00034894 resulted in the creation of Haryana on
wUuVYzC4bkA-00134-00034895-00035092 the 1st of November and the transfer of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00135-00035093-00035260 the northern districts of Punjab to
wUuVYzC4bkA-00136-00035261-00035578 hamachi adesh the Act also designated
wUuVYzC4bkA-00137-00035579-00035782 Chandigarh as a Union Territory and the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00138-00035783-00035962 shared capital of Punjab and Haryana
wUuVYzC4bkA-00139-00035963-00036240 Madras State was renamed Tamil Nadu in
wUuVYzC4bkA-00140-00036241-00036592 1968 northeastern states of menopur
wUuVYzC4bkA-00141-00036593-00036820 Meghalaya and Tripura were formed on the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00142-00036821-00037252 21st of January 1972 Mysore State was
wUuVYzC4bkA-00143-00037253-00037633 renamed as Karnataka in 1973 on the 16th
wUuVYzC4bkA-00144-00037634-00037996 of May 1975 Sikkim became the 22nd state
wUuVYzC4bkA-00145-00037997-00038178 of the Indian Union in the state s
wUuVYzC4bkA-00146-00038179-00038617 monarchy was abolished in 1987 Arunachal
wUuVYzC4bkA-00147-00038618-00038866 Pradesh in misra became States on the
wUuVYzC4bkA-00148-00038867-00039016 20th of February
wUuVYzC4bkA-00149-00039017-00039265 followed by Goa on the 30th of May while
wUuVYzC4bkA-00150-00039266-00039631 Goa s northern exclaves of Daman and Diu
wUuVYzC4bkA-00151-00039632-00039895 and Dadra and Nagar Haveli became
wUuVYzC4bkA-00152-00039896-00040123 separate union territories in November
wUuVYzC4bkA-00153-00040124-00040402 2003 new states were created namely
wUuVYzC4bkA-00154-00040403-00040612 Chhattisgarh from Eastern Madhya Pradesh
wUuVYzC4bkA-00155-00040613-00040852 Uttaranchal from Northwest Uttar Pradesh
wUuVYzC4bkA-00156-00040853-00041104 renamed uh Duroc and in 2007 and
wUuVYzC4bkA-00157-00041105-00041275 Jharkhand from southern districts of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00158-00041276-00041569 Bihar Orissa was renamed as Odisha in
wUuVYzC4bkA-00159-00041570-00041890 2011 Telangana was created on the 2nd of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00160-00041891-00042148 June 2014 as 10 former districts of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00161-00042149-00042638 northwestern Andhra Pradesh
wUuVYzC4bkA-00162-00042639-00043101 topic current proposals
wUuVYzC4bkA-00163-00043102-00043500 topic
wUuVYzC4bkA-00164-00043501-00043982 topic list
wUuVYzC4bkA-00165-00043983-00044346 topic
wUuVYzC4bkA-00166-00044347-00044826 topic states
wUuVYzC4bkA-00167-00044827-00045204 topic carrot note one Andhra Pradesh was
wUuVYzC4bkA-00168-00045205-00045440 divided into two states Telangana and a
wUuVYzC4bkA-00169-00045441-00045651 residual Andhra Pradesh on the second of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00170-00045652-00045918 June 2014 Hyderabad
wUuVYzC4bkA-00171-00045919-00046107 located entirely within the borders of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00172-00046108-00046335 Telangana is to serve as the capital for
wUuVYzC4bkA-00173-00046336-00046527 both states for a period of time not
wUuVYzC4bkA-00174-00046528-00046787 exceeding ten years the government of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00175-00046788-00046965 Andhra Pradesh in the Andhra Pradesh
wUuVYzC4bkA-00176-00046966-00047187 legislature completed the process of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00177-00047188-00047405 relocating to temporary facilities in
wUuVYzC4bkA-00178-00047406-00047637 the envisage new capital city Amaravati
wUuVYzC4bkA-00179-00047638-00048033 in early 2017 carrot note - the area of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00180-00048034-00048489 Jammu and Kashmir as 222,000 236 square
wUuVYzC4bkA-00181-00048490-00048683 kilometers according to Indian claims
wUuVYzC4bkA-00182-00048684-00049112 there of 100 1387 square kilometers are
wUuVYzC4bkA-00183-00049113-00049415 under Indian administration carrot note
wUuVYzC4bkA-00184-00049416-00049620 3 Dehradun as the interim capital of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00185-00049621-00049880 Uttarakhand the town of Garrison has
wUuVYzC4bkA-00186-00049881-00050386 envisaged as the state's new capital
wUuVYzC4bkA-00187-00050387-00050924 topic union territories
wUuVYzC4bkA-00188-00050925-00051296 topic
wUuVYzC4bkA-00189-00051297-00051791 topic former States
wUuVYzC4bkA-00190-00051792-00052190 topic
wUuVYzC4bkA-00191-00052191-00052708 topic see also
wUuVYzC4bkA-00192-00052709-00053103 topic autonomous regions of India
wUuVYzC4bkA-00193-00053104-00053760 emblems of Indian states iso 3166-2 in
wUuVYzC4bkA-00194-00053761-00054028 list of adjectives and Eminem's for
wUuVYzC4bkA-00195-00054029-00054334 states and territories of india list of
wUuVYzC4bkA-00196-00054335-00054562 states and union territories of india by
wUuVYzC4bkA-00197-00054563-00054886 population list of states in india by
wUuVYzC4bkA-00198-00054887-00055210 past population list of states of india
wUuVYzC4bkA-00199-00055211-00055542 by wildlife population list of indian
wUuVYzC4bkA-00200-00055544-00055707 state and union territory name
wUuVYzC4bkA-00201-00055708-00056122 etymologies subdivisions of india list
wUuVYzC4bkA-00202-00056123-00056295 of princely states of british india
wUuVYzC4bkA-00203-00056296-00056732 alphabetical
wUuVYzC4bkA-00204-00056733-00057234 topic notes
wUuVYzC4bkA-00205-00057235-00057627 topic
wUuVYzC4bkA-00206-00057628-00058142 topic references
wUuVYzC4bkA-00207-00058144-00058534 topic
wUuVYzC4bkA-00208-00058535-00059071 topic external links
wUuVYzC4bkA-00209-00059072-00059382 Topic official Government of India
wUuVYzC4bkA-00210-00059383-00059761 website states and union territories
wUMUrtOfpxM-00000-00000040-00000247 with no further ado i'm going to hand it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00001-00000248-00000543 over to claire to talk to you about
wUMUrtOfpxM-00002-00000544-00000839 the topic of on-site mentors so take it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00003-00000840-00000983 away claire
wUMUrtOfpxM-00004-00000984-00001183 thank you connie it's my pleasure to be
wUMUrtOfpxM-00005-00001184-00001462 here thank you for the applause peggy
wUMUrtOfpxM-00006-00001463-00001655 so i am going to be
wUMUrtOfpxM-00007-00001655-00001879 talking about some of the research i've
wUMUrtOfpxM-00008-00001880-00002071 been working on for the past five years
wUMUrtOfpxM-00009-00002072-00002239 some of this is what i'm doing for my
wUMUrtOfpxM-00010-00002240-00002502 phd dissertation but most of it is the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00011-00002503-00002583 more
wUMUrtOfpxM-00012-00002584-00002791 the larger
wUMUrtOfpxM-00013-00002792-00003039 research project
wUMUrtOfpxM-00014-00003040-00003142 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00015-00003143-00003295 the title is teaching presence in a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00016-00003296-00003470 blended learning environment
wUMUrtOfpxM-00017-00003471-00003759 contributions of on-site facilitators
wUMUrtOfpxM-00018-00003760-00004022 there is very little research looking at
wUMUrtOfpxM-00019-00004023-00004279 what facilitators do these are the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00020-00004280-00004463 staff who are on the ground with the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00021-00004464-00004583 students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00022-00004584-00004935 and the aim of our study was to focus on
wUMUrtOfpxM-00023-00004936-00005191 these so this slide now is just a little
wUMUrtOfpxM-00024-00005192-00005311 overview of what i'm going to be
wUMUrtOfpxM-00025-00005312-00005575 covering in this presentation
wUMUrtOfpxM-00026-00005576-00005799 why is online distance education so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00027-00005800-00005975 important for rural schools and i'll be
wUMUrtOfpxM-00028-00005976-00006231 describing the study the facilitators
wUMUrtOfpxM-00029-00006232-00006375 the training
wUMUrtOfpxM-00030-00006376-00006542 and then a little of the theory that we
wUMUrtOfpxM-00031-00006543-00006742 used to analyze
wUMUrtOfpxM-00032-00006743-00006959 some of the data that we collected a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00033-00006959-00007151 little about blended learning and then
wUMUrtOfpxM-00034-00007152-00007295 looking at the teaching and social
wUMUrtOfpxM-00035-00007295-00007783 presence and implications for practice
wUMUrtOfpxM-00036-00007784-00007895 and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00037-00007895-00008063 throughout this presentation you'll
wUMUrtOfpxM-00038-00008064-00008207 notice these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00039-00008208-00008551 photographs these are all taken from
wUMUrtOfpxM-00040-00008552-00008759 either the schools or the towns these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00041-00008760-00009039 rural towns spread all across america
wUMUrtOfpxM-00042-00009040-00009383 where we conducted our research
wUMUrtOfpxM-00043-00009384-00009687 so why is online distance learning so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00044-00009688-00009967 important for rural schools
wUMUrtOfpxM-00045-00009968-00010214 well about 30 percent of public school
wUMUrtOfpxM-00046-00010215-00010439 children are enrolled in rural schools
wUMUrtOfpxM-00047-00010440-00010638 that's 10 million kids
wUMUrtOfpxM-00048-00010639-00010887 most of these are in very small schools
wUMUrtOfpxM-00049-00010888-00011174 less than 400 students and most of these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00050-00011175-00011446 are in very small communities
wUMUrtOfpxM-00051-00011447-00011831 fewer than 2 500 people
wUMUrtOfpxM-00052-00011832-00012078 now these school districts have
wUMUrtOfpxM-00053-00012079-00012287 problems attracting qualified teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00054-00012288-00012478 to rural areas
wUMUrtOfpxM-00055-00012479-00012703 and they therefore have lack of access
wUMUrtOfpxM-00056-00012704-00013038 to advanced courses or ap courses
wUMUrtOfpxM-00057-00013039-00013271 schools are very important for these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00058-00013272-00013503 small communities they're often the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00059-00013504-00013711 heart of the community they maybe host
wUMUrtOfpxM-00060-00013712-00013838 the library
wUMUrtOfpxM-00061-00013840-00014071 they have all of their sports activities
wUMUrtOfpxM-00062-00014072-00014391 going on that the community can bond
wUMUrtOfpxM-00063-00014391-00014479 over
wUMUrtOfpxM-00064-00014480-00014663 so if a school is forced to close
wUMUrtOfpxM-00065-00014663-00014943 because it can't offer the courses and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00066-00014944-00015175 has to consolidate that can really
wUMUrtOfpxM-00067-00015176-00015430 destroy the community
wUMUrtOfpxM-00068-00015431-00015663 so many of these schools rural schools
wUMUrtOfpxM-00069-00015663-00015871 turn to online distance education to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00070-00015872-00016222 address some of these issues
wUMUrtOfpxM-00071-00016223-00016383 it can increase the educational
wUMUrtOfpxM-00072-00016384-00016591 aspirations and occupational
wUMUrtOfpxM-00073-00016592-00016871 possibilities
wUMUrtOfpxM-00074-00016872-00017071 in no small part because
wUMUrtOfpxM-00075-00017072-00017255 students are exposed to a greater range
wUMUrtOfpxM-00076-00017256-00017407 of ideas
wUMUrtOfpxM-00077-00017408-00017567 especially if they're in a class a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00078-00017568-00017807 virtual class with peers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00079-00017808-00017975 all across the country one of the great
wUMUrtOfpxM-00080-00017976-00018183 things for me at least in this research
wUMUrtOfpxM-00081-00018184-00018335 was watching how these students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00082-00018336-00018503 interacted we would have kids in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00083-00018504-00018647 same class
wUMUrtOfpxM-00084-00018648-00018919 in alaska in arizona and vermont they'd
wUMUrtOfpxM-00085-00018920-00019150 all be getting to know each other
wUMUrtOfpxM-00086-00019151-00019567 it was wonderful
wUMUrtOfpxM-00087-00019568-00019758 i'm reading your comments thank you
wUMUrtOfpxM-00088-00019759-00019879 thank you
wUMUrtOfpxM-00089-00019880-00020150 yeah i was listening to mike session two
wUMUrtOfpxM-00090-00020151-00020479 and i mentioned that later on
wUMUrtOfpxM-00091-00020480-00020719 all right
wUMUrtOfpxM-00092-00020720-00020847 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00093-00020848-00021094 to start with a description of the study
wUMUrtOfpxM-00094-00021095-00021319 we ran a small pilot
wUMUrtOfpxM-00095-00021320-00021630 in 2006 with about 20 schools and then
wUMUrtOfpxM-00096-00021631-00021950 we ran this study in two cohorts 2007
wUMUrtOfpxM-00097-00021951-00022303 2008 and then the following year it was
wUMUrtOfpxM-00098-00022304-00022503 funded by the ies
wUMUrtOfpxM-00099-00022504-00022871 and it was a randomized control trial
wUMUrtOfpxM-00100-00022872-00023167 so students enrolled in this online ap
wUMUrtOfpxM-00101-00023168-00023343 english literature and composition
wUMUrtOfpxM-00102-00023344-00023735 course which was delivered by blackboard
wUMUrtOfpxM-00103-00023736-00024047 and there were five
wUMUrtOfpxM-00104-00024048-00024239 yes arizona's in there
wUMUrtOfpxM-00105-00024240-00024471 five online instructors
wUMUrtOfpxM-00106-00024472-00024727 and approximately 600 students over the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00107-00024728-00024919 two core cohorts
wUMUrtOfpxM-00108-00024920-00025119 and each rural school had one
wUMUrtOfpxM-00109-00025120-00025527 facilitator so 93 facilitators 93 rural
wUMUrtOfpxM-00110-00025528-00025806 schools and as you can see these are all
wUMUrtOfpxM-00111-00025807-00026150 the states that we were in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00112-00026151-00026367 now you may notice there are no schools
wUMUrtOfpxM-00113-00026368-00026527 in the south
wUMUrtOfpxM-00114-00026527-00026727 this is because in the south in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00115-00026727-00026999 southeast schools tend to be larger and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00116-00027000-00027199 consolidated and therefore did not meet
wUMUrtOfpxM-00117-00027200-00027423 our criteria for being in the study
wUMUrtOfpxM-00118-00027424-00027662 which was being in a community of less
wUMUrtOfpxM-00119-00027663-00027918 than 2500 and having these very small
wUMUrtOfpxM-00120-00027919-00028679 schools
wUMUrtOfpxM-00121-00028680-00029007 so our requirement for facilitators
wUMUrtOfpxM-00122-00029008-00029207 to take part in the study was
wUMUrtOfpxM-00123-00029208-00029455 they had to have a bachelor's degree and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00124-00029456-00029702 be a staff member at the local school
wUMUrtOfpxM-00125-00029704-00029911 but they didn't need to be teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00126-00029912-00030070 because we weren't expecting them to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00127-00030072-00030246 teach any part of the course so they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00128-00030247-00030390 didn't need to have
wUMUrtOfpxM-00129-00030391-00030590 english subject knowledge
wUMUrtOfpxM-00130-00030591-00030855 what we did request was that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00131-00030856-00031135 this school the course was taken during
wUMUrtOfpxM-00132-00031136-00031431 a particular class period each day and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00133-00031432-00031639 the facilitator therefore had to be
wUMUrtOfpxM-00134-00031639-00031814 present while the students were taking
wUMUrtOfpxM-00135-00031816-00031990 the class
wUMUrtOfpxM-00136-00031991-00032223 so as it turned out
wUMUrtOfpxM-00137-00032224-00032511 half about half the facilitators had an
wUMUrtOfpxM-00138-00032512-00032743 english background some were teachers of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00139-00032744-00033079 other subjects and we had a bunch of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00140-00033080-00033262 non-teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00141-00033263-00033487 we had secretaries a principal a couple
wUMUrtOfpxM-00142-00033488-00033727 of librarians school counselors
wUMUrtOfpxM-00143-00033728-00033902 technology assistants
wUMUrtOfpxM-00144-00033903-00034135 we had a football coach
wUMUrtOfpxM-00145-00034136-00034446 it was really whoever the school decided
wUMUrtOfpxM-00146-00034447-00034662 or whoever this goal said had a free
wUMUrtOfpxM-00147-00034663-00034862 period or i think some planning periods
wUMUrtOfpxM-00148-00034863-00035087 were eaten up by this
wUMUrtOfpxM-00149-00035088-00035279 they could decide who would be the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00150-00035280-00036151 facilitator
wUMUrtOfpxM-00151-00036152-00036383 now the purpose of the study as i
wUMUrtOfpxM-00152-00036384-00036599 mentioned earlier was that we wanted to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00153-00036600-00036759 focus on the role of the on-site
wUMUrtOfpxM-00154-00036760-00036918 facilitator
wUMUrtOfpxM-00155-00036919-00037111 and we also wanted to expand the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00156-00037112-00037287 facilitator because they are the person
wUMUrtOfpxM-00157-00037288-00037599 who was right there with the students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00158-00037600-00037855 and in online learning as i'm sure you
wUMUrtOfpxM-00159-00037856-00038023 may know
wUMUrtOfpxM-00160-00038024-00038262 there are high levels of dropout
wUMUrtOfpxM-00161-00038263-00038439 students often report
wUMUrtOfpxM-00162-00038440-00038623 feeling isolated
wUMUrtOfpxM-00163-00038624-00038807 and there are many reports that say
wUMUrtOfpxM-00164-00038808-00038990 online learning is just as good as
wUMUrtOfpxM-00165-00038991-00039207 classroom face-to-face learning but we
wUMUrtOfpxM-00166-00039208-00039439 wanted to see well why can't you improve
wUMUrtOfpxM-00167-00039440-00039615 it why can't you improve academic
wUMUrtOfpxM-00168-00039616-00040279 outcomes online
wUMUrtOfpxM-00169-00040280-00040455 so this graphic
wUMUrtOfpxM-00170-00040456-00040683 is an overview of the course
wUMUrtOfpxM-00171-00040684-00040935 structure so there were five online
wUMUrtOfpxM-00172-00040936-00041174 structure online instructors in cohort
wUMUrtOfpxM-00173-00041175-00041359 two
wUMUrtOfpxM-00174-00041360-00041639 so the overview of the course structure
wUMUrtOfpxM-00175-00041640-00041911 was each online instructor had four
wUMUrtOfpxM-00176-00041912-00042127 virtual sections
wUMUrtOfpxM-00177-00042128-00042367 and these were essentially independent
wUMUrtOfpxM-00178-00042368-00042615 uh virtual classes
wUMUrtOfpxM-00179-00042616-00042855 and each virtual section was made up of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00180-00042856-00042974 typically
wUMUrtOfpxM-00181-00042975-00043151 four schools
wUMUrtOfpxM-00182-00043152-00043343 uh in some cases the whole school would
wUMUrtOfpxM-00183-00043344-00043527 drop and the section ended up having
wUMUrtOfpxM-00184-00043528-00043671 fewer than four
wUMUrtOfpxM-00185-00043672-00044039 but this meant that most instructors had
wUMUrtOfpxM-00186-00044040-00044335 between 15 and 25 students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00187-00044336-00044567 in each section
wUMUrtOfpxM-00188-00044568-00044743 so overall they'd have
wUMUrtOfpxM-00189-00044744-00045183 60 to 100 kids
wUMUrtOfpxM-00190-00045184-00045471 so all facilitators in our study
wUMUrtOfpxM-00191-00045472-00045718 got basic training
wUMUrtOfpxM-00192-00045719-00045951 basic training
wUMUrtOfpxM-00193-00045952-00046095 told them about their duties that we
wUMUrtOfpxM-00194-00046096-00046246 expected which was being in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00195-00046247-00046430 classroom during this class period and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00196-00046431-00046615 being there for troubleshooting
wUMUrtOfpxM-00197-00046616-00046823 technology of the quizzes
wUMUrtOfpxM-00198-00046824-00046990 locked up where students couldn't get
wUMUrtOfpxM-00199-00046991-00047135 into their accounts
wUMUrtOfpxM-00200-00047136-00047423 um being able to check the grade books
wUMUrtOfpxM-00201-00047424-00047655 really communicating what was going on
wUMUrtOfpxM-00202-00047656-00047815 in the local school being the eyes and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00203-00047816-00048046 ears in the classroom and communicating
wUMUrtOfpxM-00204-00048047-00048279 those things to the online teacher
wUMUrtOfpxM-00205-00048280-00048502 they were given the responsibility of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00206-00048503-00048711 the signing of participation
wUMUrtOfpxM-00207-00048712-00048999 it is arizona peggy
wUMUrtOfpxM-00208-00049000-00049279 well spotted
wUMUrtOfpxM-00209-00049280-00049390 um
wUMUrtOfpxM-00210-00049391-00049527 ensuring the students observed
wUMUrtOfpxM-00211-00049528-00049774 netiquette and and just keeping an eye
wUMUrtOfpxM-00212-00049775-00049967 on them so that they weren't cheating or
wUMUrtOfpxM-00213-00049968-00050239 plagiarizing and were really keeping on
wUMUrtOfpxM-00214-00050240-00050423 top of the work and they were also
wUMUrtOfpxM-00215-00050424-00051414 expected to contact parents if necessary
wUMUrtOfpxM-00216-00051415-00051766 now can you guess where this slide is
wUMUrtOfpxM-00217-00051767-00051879 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00218-00051879-00052038 our expanded
wUMUrtOfpxM-00219-00052039-00052254 facilitator duties in the intervention
wUMUrtOfpxM-00220-00052255-00052390 group
wUMUrtOfpxM-00221-00052391-00052694 we wanted to encourage facilitators
wUMUrtOfpxM-00222-00052695-00053047 to create a positive classroom climate
wUMUrtOfpxM-00223-00053048-00053282 we wanted them to take a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00224-00053283-00053694 um take a learner-centered approach
wUMUrtOfpxM-00225-00053695-00053887 attending to individual differences
wUMUrtOfpxM-00226-00053888-00054038 really taking an interest in what the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00227-00054039-00054191 students were doing getting to know them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00228-00054191-00054382 calling them by name
wUMUrtOfpxM-00229-00054383-00054599 encouraging them to interact with each
wUMUrtOfpxM-00230-00054600-00054838 other in the classroom and online with
wUMUrtOfpxM-00231-00054839-00055054 their peers in the virtual classroom
wUMUrtOfpxM-00232-00055055-00055294 encouraging them to get in touch with
wUMUrtOfpxM-00233-00055295-00055487 the teacher if they had any questions
wUMUrtOfpxM-00234-00055488-00055703 either through skype or instant
wUMUrtOfpxM-00235-00055704-00055903 messaging or email all of these ways
wUMUrtOfpxM-00236-00055904-00056111 they could get in touch
wUMUrtOfpxM-00237-00056112-00056279 they were supposed to meet with them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00238-00056279-00056407 individually
wUMUrtOfpxM-00239-00056408-00056599 regularly this could mean once a week
wUMUrtOfpxM-00240-00056600-00056815 once a month five minutes after class
wUMUrtOfpxM-00241-00056816-00057023 whatever they wanted to do
wUMUrtOfpxM-00242-00057024-00057215 they really had to be there to support
wUMUrtOfpxM-00243-00057216-00057487 and motivate their students as well as
wUMUrtOfpxM-00244-00057488-00057647 modeling time management and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00245-00057648-00057911 organization skills and being a resource
wUMUrtOfpxM-00246-00057912-00058094 just being someone in the classroom that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00247-00058095-00059023 students could ask questions of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00248-00059024-00059391 so what we did was we acquired a bunch
wUMUrtOfpxM-00249-00059391-00059679 of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00250-00059679-00059871 we acquired a bunch of high school
wUMUrtOfpxM-00251-00059872-00059999 students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00252-00060000-00060182 and we got them to be actors and we took
wUMUrtOfpxM-00253-00060183-00060391 photographs of them and we recorded we
wUMUrtOfpxM-00254-00060391-00060623 made audio recordings of them reading
wUMUrtOfpxM-00255-00060624-00060823 these scripts and we recorded eight
wUMUrtOfpxM-00256-00060824-00060999 different scenarios
wUMUrtOfpxM-00257-00061000-00061423 some of which had come up in the pilot
wUMUrtOfpxM-00258-00061424-00061647 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00259-00061648-00061887 these um audio clips were then embedded
wUMUrtOfpxM-00260-00061888-00062111 in the online training
wUMUrtOfpxM-00261-00062112-00062342 and this is our the lady that you see
wUMUrtOfpxM-00262-00062344-00062479 here
wUMUrtOfpxM-00263-00062479-00062638 modeling the uh being the model
wUMUrtOfpxM-00264-00062639-00062863 facilitator was actually our project
wUMUrtOfpxM-00265-00062864-00063006 manager beth
wUMUrtOfpxM-00266-00063007-00063479 who herself was a wonderful resource
wUMUrtOfpxM-00267-00063479-00063671 so then the online training was given in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00268-00063672-00063894 blackboard over a two-week period
wUMUrtOfpxM-00269-00063895-00064047 starting just before the start of the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00270-00064048-00064326 course it emphasized community building
wUMUrtOfpxM-00271-00064327-00064535 it had numerous discussion boards it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00272-00064536-00064823 included icebreaker activities we were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00273-00064824-00065126 hoping that facilitators would bond
wUMUrtOfpxM-00274-00065127-00065311 through these shared activities would
wUMUrtOfpxM-00275-00065312-00065543 get to know each other
wUMUrtOfpxM-00276-00065544-00065759 and part of the reason for this training
wUMUrtOfpxM-00277-00065760-00065959 was to give them some idea of what it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00278-00065960-00066247 feels like to be learning blackboard and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00279-00066248-00066399 some of them had not been on blackboard
wUMUrtOfpxM-00280-00066400-00066647 before and had not taken online classes
wUMUrtOfpxM-00281-00066648-00066847 or taken part in online discussions so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00282-00066848-00067038 it was new to many of them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00283-00067039-00067215 and some of them were expressing that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00284-00067216-00067494 they were nervous so they did
wUMUrtOfpxM-00285-00067495-00067726 bond and have conversations and share
wUMUrtOfpxM-00286-00067727-00067926 their personal lives and this kind of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00287-00067927-00068031 thing
wUMUrtOfpxM-00288-00068032-00068182 we were hoping
wUMUrtOfpxM-00289-00068183-00068423 that these facilitators would continue
wUMUrtOfpxM-00290-00068424-00068615 to use each other as a resource
wUMUrtOfpxM-00291-00068616-00068799 throughout the year but that didn't
wUMUrtOfpxM-00292-00068800-00069047 happen in the end uh primarily because
wUMUrtOfpxM-00293-00069048-00069247 of time constraints they just were so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00294-00069248-00069423 busy they just didn't have time to keep
wUMUrtOfpxM-00295-00069424-00069950 up with this
wUMUrtOfpxM-00296-00069951-00070191 so the scenario based training these are
wUMUrtOfpxM-00297-00070192-00070511 the eight scenarios that we recorded so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00298-00070512-00070679 there was the first day of school
wUMUrtOfpxM-00299-00070680-00071015 suggestions for icebreaker activities
wUMUrtOfpxM-00300-00071016-00071103 and then
wUMUrtOfpxM-00301-00071104-00071287 discussing the importance of discussing
wUMUrtOfpxM-00302-00071288-00071494 the expectations of the course with the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00303-00071495-00071655 students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00304-00071656-00071926 then we had a number of scenarios
wUMUrtOfpxM-00305-00071927-00072167 about individual student issues that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00306-00072168-00072391 might come up
wUMUrtOfpxM-00307-00072392-00072694 being scared of taking the online course
wUMUrtOfpxM-00308-00072695-00072806 or
wUMUrtOfpxM-00309-00072807-00073206 having a procrastinator
wUMUrtOfpxM-00310-00073207-00073406 encouraging students to help themselves
wUMUrtOfpxM-00311-00073407-00073575 rather than relying on the local
wUMUrtOfpxM-00312-00073576-00073711 teachers to give them answers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00313-00073712-00073903 encouraging them to interact online with
wUMUrtOfpxM-00314-00073904-00074094 their peers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00315-00074095-00074319 we had one scenario where we had a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00316-00074320-00074526 student who had moved from chicago to a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00317-00074527-00074735 rural area and had been arrogant and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00318-00074736-00075031 then finds himself overwhelmed
wUMUrtOfpxM-00319-00075032-00075238 by the workload we have one student
wUMUrtOfpxM-00320-00075239-00075375 who's having
wUMUrtOfpxM-00321-00075376-00075703 personal problems and is disengaged and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00322-00075704-00075903 then something that was very common in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00323-00075904-00076055 these classes is that they were worrying
wUMUrtOfpxM-00324-00076056-00076262 about their grades because
wUMUrtOfpxM-00325-00076263-00076559 ap grades the teachers right off the bat
wUMUrtOfpxM-00326-00076560-00076703 said well if you're an a student you're
wUMUrtOfpxM-00327-00076704-00076894 likely to be a c student in this class
wUMUrtOfpxM-00328-00076895-00077167 and we had all the valedictorians
wUMUrtOfpxM-00329-00077168-00077335 worrying about
wUMUrtOfpxM-00330-00077336-00077503 how this would affect their grades and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00331-00077504-00077775 we left it up to the schools to weight
wUMUrtOfpxM-00332-00077776-00078079 the ap grades
wUMUrtOfpxM-00333-00078080-00078294 so the facilitators would then
wUMUrtOfpxM-00334-00078295-00078582 read and listen to these scenarios and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00335-00078583-00078759 then they would go into the discussion
wUMUrtOfpxM-00336-00078760-00078879 boards
wUMUrtOfpxM-00337-00078880-00078950 and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00338-00078951-00079182 give examples from their own experiences
wUMUrtOfpxM-00339-00079183-00079799 and perhaps offer alternative solutions
wUMUrtOfpxM-00340-00079800-00080415 thank you peggy
wUMUrtOfpxM-00341-00080416-00080494 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00342-00080495-00080750 what we found after the first cohort was
wUMUrtOfpxM-00343-00080751-00080823 that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00344-00080824-00081119 yahay intervention group schools had
wUMUrtOfpxM-00345-00081120-00081375 dropped out at a much lower rate eleven
wUMUrtOfpxM-00346-00081376-00081479 percent
wUMUrtOfpxM-00347-00081480-00081647 than the control group schools we were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00348-00081648-00081879 very happy with this however
wUMUrtOfpxM-00349-00081880-00082015 poor two
wUMUrtOfpxM-00350-00082016-00082767 there really was no effect on drop act
wUMUrtOfpxM-00351-00082768-00083015 so what was different about cohort 2
wUMUrtOfpxM-00352-00083016-00083279 while cohort 1 had a number of teething
wUMUrtOfpxM-00353-00083280-00083462 problems
wUMUrtOfpxM-00354-00083463-00083631 so there were only two teachers in 10
wUMUrtOfpxM-00355-00083632-00083862 sections in cohort 1 and teachers began
wUMUrtOfpxM-00356-00083863-00084047 with large numbers of students more than
wUMUrtOfpxM-00357-00084048-00084318 125 students each
wUMUrtOfpxM-00358-00084319-00084406 and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00359-00084407-00084559 they were just overwhelmed in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00360-00084560-00084679 beginning they were getting more than
wUMUrtOfpxM-00361-00084680-00084918 300 emails a day
wUMUrtOfpxM-00362-00084919-00085071 they were unable to meet the needs of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00363-00085072-00085255 their students because of this the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00364-00085256-00085471 curriculum had to be adjusted for all
wUMUrtOfpxM-00365-00085472-00085671 kinds of reasons schools were on block
wUMUrtOfpxM-00366-00085672-00085903 schedules four day weeks because in this
wUMUrtOfpxM-00367-00085904-00086126 rural communities students travel a lot
wUMUrtOfpxM-00368-00086127-00086271 for all kinds of you know sporting
wUMUrtOfpxM-00369-00086272-00086511 events this kind of thing
wUMUrtOfpxM-00370-00086512-00086782 and there were school closures for
wUMUrtOfpxM-00371-00086783-00086950 all kinds of other reasons that were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00372-00086951-00087255 unexpected to the teachers for instance
wUMUrtOfpxM-00373-00087256-00087415 this one school closed for a week
wUMUrtOfpxM-00374-00087416-00087647 because of the potato harvest
wUMUrtOfpxM-00375-00087648-00087775 um
wUMUrtOfpxM-00376-00087776-00087918 in these small communities there are a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00377-00087919-00088143 lot of community-based activities that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00378-00088144-00088326 took priority over school work and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00379-00088327-00088503 schools would close whether it was the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00380-00088504-00088711 county fair or homecoming or handing out
wUMUrtOfpxM-00381-00088712-00088831 flyers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00382-00088832-00088911 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00383-00088912-00089126 in many instances
wUMUrtOfpxM-00384-00089127-00089311 having an online course was less of a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00385-00089312-00089518 priority
wUMUrtOfpxM-00386-00089519-00089782 in cohort 2 everything was very stable
wUMUrtOfpxM-00387-00089783-00090006 teachers began with fewer than 75
wUMUrtOfpxM-00388-00090007-00090238 students in fact one teacher only had
wUMUrtOfpxM-00389-00090239-00090487 i think less than 50 and the curriculum
wUMUrtOfpxM-00390-00090488-00090671 was already set
wUMUrtOfpxM-00391-00090672-00090879 so there were no changes
wUMUrtOfpxM-00392-00090880-00091055 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00393-00091056-00091206 teachers were able to devote their full
wUMUrtOfpxM-00394-00091207-00091359 attention to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00395-00091360-00091799 helping the students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00396-00091800-00092023 so what we found then was rather than
wUMUrtOfpxM-00397-00092024-00092175 just looking at the intervention versus
wUMUrtOfpxM-00398-00092176-00092294 control
wUMUrtOfpxM-00399-00092295-00092471 we interviewed at the end of each cohort
wUMUrtOfpxM-00400-00092472-00092647 we interviewed the online teachers and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00401-00092648-00092967 the facilitators and we had the teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00402-00092968-00093271 rank the facilitators into three groups
wUMUrtOfpxM-00403-00093272-00093438 whether they were good
wUMUrtOfpxM-00404-00093439-00093623 meaning very effective
wUMUrtOfpxM-00405-00093624-00093791 whether they were in the middle
wUMUrtOfpxM-00406-00093792-00093959 moderately effective or whether they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00407-00093960-00094103 were ineffective
wUMUrtOfpxM-00408-00094104-00094559 which in some cases meant they were bad
wUMUrtOfpxM-00409-00094560-00094838 so these good teachers and bad teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00410-00094839-00095023 were distributed across the intervention
wUMUrtOfpxM-00411-00095024-00095223 and control groups
wUMUrtOfpxM-00412-00095224-00095447 and these rankings
wUMUrtOfpxM-00413-00095448-00095687 actually predicted students course
wUMUrtOfpxM-00414-00095688-00095894 grades which we found very interesting
wUMUrtOfpxM-00415-00095895-00096135 because to us they seem you know highly
wUMUrtOfpxM-00416-00096136-00096511 subjective
wUMUrtOfpxM-00417-00096512-00096774 so according to the teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00418-00096775-00096926 these are the things that good
wUMUrtOfpxM-00419-00096927-00097143 facilitators did
wUMUrtOfpxM-00420-00097144-00097318 communication was very important they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00421-00097319-00097447 kept in touch with the teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00422-00097448-00097599 regularly didn't mean
wUMUrtOfpxM-00423-00097600-00097894 didn't need to be every day
wUMUrtOfpxM-00424-00097895-00098087 but at least every few days
wUMUrtOfpxM-00425-00098088-00098262 we kept the teachers informed of what
wUMUrtOfpxM-00426-00098263-00098526 was going on locally
wUMUrtOfpxM-00427-00098527-00098791 weather conditions who was absent if the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00428-00098792-00098943 school was closed
wUMUrtOfpxM-00429-00098944-00099126 they kept on top of the timetable and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00430-00099127-00099326 knew what deadlines
wUMUrtOfpxM-00431-00099327-00099503 the students had and what assignments
wUMUrtOfpxM-00432-00099504-00099806 they were supposed to be working on
wUMUrtOfpxM-00433-00099807-00099991 they responded quickly to teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00434-00099992-00100191 requests for information
wUMUrtOfpxM-00435-00100192-00100343 in other words they were more than just
wUMUrtOfpxM-00436-00100344-00100526 a warm body or a babysitter in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00437-00100527-00100718 classroom they had to pay attention to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00438-00100719-00100894 what the students were doing each class
wUMUrtOfpxM-00439-00100895-00101071 period did they look like they were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00440-00101072-00101279 working
wUMUrtOfpxM-00441-00101280-00101462 they developed close relationships with
wUMUrtOfpxM-00442-00101463-00101655 their students got to know them spent
wUMUrtOfpxM-00443-00101656-00101847 time with them in many cases they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00444-00101848-00102135 already knew their students very well
wUMUrtOfpxM-00445-00102136-00102294 often they had
wUMUrtOfpxM-00446-00102295-00102494 seen these students grow up as they went
wUMUrtOfpxM-00447-00102495-00102702 through the school and had taught them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00448-00102703-00102958 previously if they were teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00449-00102959-00103102 they also managed their classroom
wUMUrtOfpxM-00450-00103103-00103327 effectively and they advocated for their
wUMUrtOfpxM-00451-00103328-00103766 students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00452-00103767-00103990 now less effective facilitators there
wUMUrtOfpxM-00453-00103991-00104190 was really a whole range of different
wUMUrtOfpxM-00454-00104191-00104494 things and these facilitators were not
wUMUrtOfpxM-00455-00104495-00104686 necessarily bad although some of them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00456-00104688-00104806 were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00457-00104807-00104999 some of them were just over caring or
wUMUrtOfpxM-00458-00105000-00105199 over-involved with their students so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00459-00105200-00105351 they would do things like undermining
wUMUrtOfpxM-00460-00105352-00105583 the authority of the instructor
wUMUrtOfpxM-00461-00105583-00105702 they would
wUMUrtOfpxM-00462-00105703-00105910 put local events with a higher priority
wUMUrtOfpxM-00463-00105911-00106119 than the class calendar and minimize the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00464-00106120-00106351 importance of the online class often
wUMUrtOfpxM-00465-00106352-00106510 they were just very busy people with
wUMUrtOfpxM-00466-00106511-00106686 multiple obligations in the school and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00467-00106688-00106839 they would therefore neglect their
wUMUrtOfpxM-00468-00106840-00107063 facilitator duties often just being
wUMUrtOfpxM-00469-00107064-00107319 absent sometimes taking weeks off at a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00470-00107320-00107558 time whether for a good reason or not
wUMUrtOfpxM-00471-00107559-00107790 but without replacing of you know
wUMUrtOfpxM-00472-00107791-00108095 getting a substitute facilitator
wUMUrtOfpxM-00473-00108096-00108239 if there were kids struggling in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00474-00108240-00108454 class they didn't necessarily go to any
wUMUrtOfpxM-00475-00108455-00108678 great lengths to help them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00476-00108679-00108854 they seem to be less
wUMUrtOfpxM-00477-00108855-00109119 engaged in their role less responsive to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00478-00109120-00109366 teacher requests in some cases they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00479-00109367-00109502 would even interfere with the course
wUMUrtOfpxM-00480-00109503-00109686 timetable or curriculum saying well i
wUMUrtOfpxM-00481-00109688-00109839 think that's too hard you don't need to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00482-00109840-00109975 do that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00483-00109976-00110263 or being over concerned with the welfare
wUMUrtOfpxM-00484-00110264-00110431 of their students essentially trying to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00485-00110432-00110599 protect them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00486-00110600-00110823 from what they saw as unfair deadlines
wUMUrtOfpxM-00487-00110824-00111063 or overly rigorous
wUMUrtOfpxM-00488-00111064-00111223 work
wUMUrtOfpxM-00489-00111224-00111399 and in one or two instances
wUMUrtOfpxM-00490-00111400-00111623 unfortunately we even had an adversarial
wUMUrtOfpxM-00491-00111624-00111766 relationship
wUMUrtOfpxM-00492-00111767-00111999 with the teacher
wUMUrtOfpxM-00493-00112000-00112231 and uh in a couple of instances too
wUMUrtOfpxM-00494-00112232-00112423 these the students did not take the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00495-00112424-00112695 facilitator seriously they had a lack of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00496-00112696-00112951 authority in the class exactly it does
wUMUrtOfpxM-00497-00112952-00113127 that peggy it does sound like some
wUMUrtOfpxM-00498-00113128-00113239 parents
wUMUrtOfpxM-00499-00113240-00113334 who get
wUMUrtOfpxM-00500-00113335-00113583 overly involved and the kids just rely
wUMUrtOfpxM-00501-00113583-00113734 on them too much and don't think for
wUMUrtOfpxM-00502-00113735-00114215 themselves
wUMUrtOfpxM-00503-00114216-00114423 now when we interviewed the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00504-00114424-00114647 facilitators of course we had their
wUMUrtOfpxM-00505-00114648-00114823 perspective and they were doing a lot
wUMUrtOfpxM-00506-00114824-00114902 more
wUMUrtOfpxM-00507-00114903-00115119 than the teachers were aware of for
wUMUrtOfpxM-00508-00115120-00115247 instance some of them were leading
wUMUrtOfpxM-00509-00115248-00115478 content related activities even though
wUMUrtOfpxM-00510-00115479-00115615 we weren't expecting them to take a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00511-00115616-00115766 teaching role
wUMUrtOfpxM-00512-00115767-00115927 they would be leading discussions
wUMUrtOfpxM-00513-00115928-00116183 particularly if they did have an english
wUMUrtOfpxM-00514-00116183-00116478 background as about half of them did
wUMUrtOfpxM-00515-00116479-00116631 some of them were taking students to see
wUMUrtOfpxM-00516-00116632-00116871 movies and plays or meeting outside
wUMUrtOfpxM-00517-00116872-00117215 school hours for study groups
wUMUrtOfpxM-00518-00117216-00117415 several of them were very involved
wUMUrtOfpxM-00519-00117416-00117623 helping their kids with a college
wUMUrtOfpxM-00520-00117624-00117854 readiness college prep emphasizing that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00521-00117855-00118078 taking this online ap course would be
wUMUrtOfpxM-00522-00118079-00118223 really good
wUMUrtOfpxM-00523-00118224-00118471 experience for them going to college
wUMUrtOfpxM-00524-00118472-00118623 as well as helping them with college
wUMUrtOfpxM-00525-00118624-00118854 applications they shared their own
wUMUrtOfpxM-00526-00118855-00119071 experiences as learners
wUMUrtOfpxM-00527-00119072-00119239 they really helped their kids
wUMUrtOfpxM-00528-00119240-00119439 not worry so much about the grade to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00529-00119440-00119663 enjoy the class not take things too
wUMUrtOfpxM-00530-00119664-00119783 seriously
wUMUrtOfpxM-00531-00119783-00120007 they supported them often feeding them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00532-00120008-00120199 cookies and pizza
wUMUrtOfpxM-00533-00120200-00120351 and they would communicate with whoever
wUMUrtOfpxM-00534-00120352-00120510 was necessary to help the student
wUMUrtOfpxM-00535-00120511-00120702 succeed whether this meant getting
wUMUrtOfpxM-00536-00120703-00120886 another english teacher involved to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00537-00120888-00121158 coach them or involving the principal or
wUMUrtOfpxM-00538-00121159-00121358 speaking to the counselors or getting in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00539-00121359-00121566 touch with parents or staff at the local
wUMUrtOfpxM-00540-00121567-00121807 colleges whatever it took
wUMUrtOfpxM-00541-00121808-00122031 and this is a really big one they helped
wUMUrtOfpxM-00542-00122032-00122254 the students manage frustration with the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00543-00122255-00122519 lack of immediate feedback because these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00544-00122520-00122695 many of these students in small rural
wUMUrtOfpxM-00545-00122696-00122831 schools are
wUMUrtOfpxM-00546-00122832-00123054 used to these intimate close learning
wUMUrtOfpxM-00547-00123055-00123223 environments
wUMUrtOfpxM-00548-00123224-00123310 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00549-00123311-00123510 many most of them had not taken online
wUMUrtOfpxM-00550-00123511-00123727 courses before and many of them had not
wUMUrtOfpxM-00551-00123728-00123863 taken ap
wUMUrtOfpxM-00552-00123864-00124078 so it really was a steep learning curve
wUMUrtOfpxM-00553-00124079-00124663 for them in the beginning
wUMUrtOfpxM-00554-00124664-00124895 now under the theory we we used the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00555-00124896-00125143 community of inquiry which is a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00556-00125144-00125310 construct that has
wUMUrtOfpxM-00557-00125311-00125543 these three presences
wUMUrtOfpxM-00558-00125544-00125783 and in this particular study we're not
wUMUrtOfpxM-00559-00125783-00125919 looking at cognitive presence which is
wUMUrtOfpxM-00560-00125920-00126134 where the learning occurs but social
wUMUrtOfpxM-00561-00126135-00126295 presence and teaching presence which
wUMUrtOfpxM-00562-00126296-00126478 support learning
wUMUrtOfpxM-00563-00126479-00126702 um starting with thank you peggy
wUMUrtOfpxM-00564-00126703-00127071 starting with uh teaching presence
wUMUrtOfpxM-00565-00127072-00127286 now it's teaching presence rather than
wUMUrtOfpxM-00566-00127288-00127510 teacher presence because it knowledge it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00567-00127511-00127686 acknowledges that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00568-00127688-00127878 not all learning is
wUMUrtOfpxM-00569-00127879-00128078 transmitted between teacher and student
wUMUrtOfpxM-00570-00128079-00128214 students learn from each other from
wUMUrtOfpxM-00571-00128215-00128454 their peers and in this study obviously
wUMUrtOfpxM-00572-00128455-00128766 the facilitator is also a third party in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00573-00128767-00128902 this
wUMUrtOfpxM-00574-00128903-00129147 so we found from the facilitators
wUMUrtOfpxM-00575-00129148-00129351 descriptions of what they were doing in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00576-00129352-00129527 their interviews
wUMUrtOfpxM-00577-00129528-00129639 that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00578-00129640-00129783 their activities actually were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00579-00129783-00130023 contributing to all three areas of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00580-00130024-00130247 teaching presence and these three areas
wUMUrtOfpxM-00581-00130248-00130534 are facilitating discourse
wUMUrtOfpxM-00582-00130535-00130695 instructional design and direct
wUMUrtOfpxM-00583-00130696-00130878 instruction
wUMUrtOfpxM-00584-00130879-00131190 primarily under facilitating discourse
wUMUrtOfpxM-00585-00131191-00131295 they were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00586-00131296-00131647 setting the climate for learning
wUMUrtOfpxM-00587-00131648-00131783 and they were also drawing in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00588-00131784-00132047 participants and prompting
wUMUrtOfpxM-00589-00132048-00132166 discussion
wUMUrtOfpxM-00590-00132167-00132375 now if i just go back
wUMUrtOfpxM-00591-00132376-00132614 to the community of inquiry
wUMUrtOfpxM-00592-00132615-00132823 you can see the place where the social
wUMUrtOfpxM-00593-00132824-00133031 presence and teaching social presence
wUMUrtOfpxM-00594-00133032-00133247 and teaching presence overlap that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00595-00133248-00133439 shaded area that says setting the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00596-00133440-00133766 climate
wUMUrtOfpxM-00597-00133767-00134063 did facilitators sign any agreements
wUMUrtOfpxM-00598-00134064-00134271 not for their accountability they had to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00599-00134272-00134431 sign
wUMUrtOfpxM-00600-00134432-00134695 well thinking back a few years here they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00601-00134696-00134831 did have to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00602-00134832-00135071 agree to do the training
wUMUrtOfpxM-00603-00135072-00135183 and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00604-00135184-00135366 we we knew that they had done the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00605-00135367-00135590 training because they all logged in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00606-00135591-00135759 and then all we could do was give them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00607-00135760-00136039 that what we expected of them and then
wUMUrtOfpxM-00608-00136040-00136183 the schools had to sign something saying
wUMUrtOfpxM-00609-00136184-00136390 that they would supply a facilitator to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00610-00136391-00136543 be present
wUMUrtOfpxM-00611-00136544-00136814 during that class period
wUMUrtOfpxM-00612-00136815-00136975 but other than that that's all they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00613-00136976-00137366 signed
wUMUrtOfpxM-00614-00137367-00137543 so i'm focusing on this setting the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00615-00137544-00137663 climate
wUMUrtOfpxM-00616-00137664-00137831 shaded area
wUMUrtOfpxM-00617-00137832-00138014 because that's what we feel that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00618-00138015-00138575 primarily is what facilitators are doing
wUMUrtOfpxM-00619-00138576-00138743 now this is really drilling down into
wUMUrtOfpxM-00620-00138744-00138975 the teaching presence codes
wUMUrtOfpxM-00621-00138976-00139111 and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00622-00139112-00139335 facilitators may not have been doing all
wUMUrtOfpxM-00623-00139336-00139471 of these things but they were certainly
wUMUrtOfpxM-00624-00139472-00139654 doing some of these things so under
wUMUrtOfpxM-00625-00139655-00139839 instructional design
wUMUrtOfpxM-00626-00139840-00140063 yes they definitely added part bits to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00627-00140064-00140287 the curriculum when they when they had
wUMUrtOfpxM-00628-00140288-00140463 content related activities in their
wUMUrtOfpxM-00629-00140464-00140575 classroom
wUMUrtOfpxM-00630-00140576-00140751 they certainly were establishing time
wUMUrtOfpxM-00631-00140752-00141078 parameters and netiquette
wUMUrtOfpxM-00632-00141079-00141214 um
wUMUrtOfpxM-00633-00141215-00141454 under the facilitating discourse
wUMUrtOfpxM-00634-00141455-00141590 they were definitely encouraging
wUMUrtOfpxM-00635-00141591-00141783 acknowledging and reinforcing student
wUMUrtOfpxM-00636-00141784-00141943 contributions
wUMUrtOfpxM-00637-00141944-00142143 drawing in participants
wUMUrtOfpxM-00638-00142144-00142295 but especially they were setting the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00639-00142296-00142487 climate for learning and then under this
wUMUrtOfpxM-00640-00142488-00142687 direct instruction they were doing most
wUMUrtOfpxM-00641-00142688-00143519 of these things
wUMUrtOfpxM-00642-00143520-00143902 yeah thank you for the link yes
wUMUrtOfpxM-00643-00143903-00143983 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00644-00143984-00144159 looking more at blended learning now
wUMUrtOfpxM-00645-00144160-00144399 most definitions of blended learning
wUMUrtOfpxM-00646-00144400-00144575 refer to a combination of online and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00647-00144576-00144743 face to face
wUMUrtOfpxM-00648-00144744-00144983 such as uh garrison and vaughn and the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00649-00144984-00145151 organic integrations thoughtfully
wUMUrtOfpxM-00650-00145152-00145254 selected
wUMUrtOfpxM-00651-00145255-00145423 and complementary face-to-face and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00652-00145424-00145631 online approaches and technology
wUMUrtOfpxM-00653-00145632-00146007 which is perfectly fine but these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00654-00146008-00146190 definitions often do not take into
wUMUrtOfpxM-00655-00146191-00146359 account what is happening in the local
wUMUrtOfpxM-00656-00146360-00146526 context they're really just looking at
wUMUrtOfpxM-00657-00146527-00146719 the virtual piece
wUMUrtOfpxM-00658-00146720-00146911 and they're from the perspective of the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00659-00146912-00147095 teacher and indeed
wUMUrtOfpxM-00660-00147096-00147278 this class from this perspective of the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00661-00147279-00147487 teacher was completely online but if you
wUMUrtOfpxM-00662-00147488-00147711 take the other perspective from the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00663-00147712-00147814 learner
wUMUrtOfpxM-00664-00147815-00147983 you'll realize that it actually is a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00665-00147984-00148319 blended learning environment
wUMUrtOfpxM-00666-00148320-00148526 and michael horn's definition yesterday
wUMUrtOfpxM-00667-00148527-00148687 emphasized that students should have
wUMUrtOfpxM-00668-00148688-00148775 some
wUMUrtOfpxM-00669-00148776-00149031 element of control in this
wUMUrtOfpxM-00670-00149032-00149223 and really these high school students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00671-00149224-00149463 didn't have that much control
wUMUrtOfpxM-00672-00149464-00149631 the uh although the course was
wUMUrtOfpxM-00673-00149632-00149823 asynchronous it was still running on a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00674-00149824-00150166 24-hour day so all of their activities
wUMUrtOfpxM-00675-00150167-00150302 had to be
wUMUrtOfpxM-00676-00150303-00150551 completed within this 24-hour period and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00677-00150552-00150775 teachers would respond to them within 24
wUMUrtOfpxM-00678-00150776-00151190 hours and they took the class in school
wUMUrtOfpxM-00679-00151191-00151775 during a particular course period
wUMUrtOfpxM-00680-00151776-00152119 so the conclusions on this piece
wUMUrtOfpxM-00681-00152120-00152319 of the study
wUMUrtOfpxM-00682-00152320-00152431 were that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00683-00152432-00152639 yes indeed the responsibilities for
wUMUrtOfpxM-00684-00152640-00152911 student success were distributed across
wUMUrtOfpxM-00685-00152912-00153335 the local and virtual classrooms
wUMUrtOfpxM-00686-00153336-00153502 and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00687-00153503-00153614 between
wUMUrtOfpxM-00688-00153615-00154023 online teacher and on-site facilitator
wUMUrtOfpxM-00689-00154024-00154319 facilitators did contribute to all areas
wUMUrtOfpxM-00690-00154320-00154478 of teaching presence
wUMUrtOfpxM-00691-00154479-00154654 and as i said earlier even though this
wUMUrtOfpxM-00692-00154655-00154863 course was completely online at least
wUMUrtOfpxM-00693-00154864-00155054 from the instructor's perspective the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00694-00155055-00155326 on-site facilitator contributions
wUMUrtOfpxM-00695-00155327-00155519 meant that students were actually
wUMUrtOfpxM-00696-00155520-00156207 learning in a blended environment
wUMUrtOfpxM-00697-00156208-00156383 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00698-00156384-00156631 what's important for practice is
wUMUrtOfpxM-00699-00156632-00156783 the main thing is a good working
wUMUrtOfpxM-00700-00156784-00157039 relationship with the online teacher to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00701-00157040-00157214 know what is expected of your role
wUMUrtOfpxM-00702-00157215-00157471 because i know that facilitators have
wUMUrtOfpxM-00703-00157472-00157678 all kinds of varying roles depending on
wUMUrtOfpxM-00704-00157679-00157887 how what model they're using
wUMUrtOfpxM-00705-00157888-00157975 because
wUMUrtOfpxM-00706-00157976-00158143 as a facilitator you're the person who
wUMUrtOfpxM-00707-00158144-00158375 is right there in the classroom with the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00708-00158376-00158559 students you can see the looks on their
wUMUrtOfpxM-00709-00158560-00158823 faces during the class period
wUMUrtOfpxM-00710-00158824-00159071 facilitators are often called mentors in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00711-00159072-00159254 the literature and that is the role and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00712-00159255-00159471 attitude that you should have that of a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00713-00159472-00159639 mentor
wUMUrtOfpxM-00714-00159640-00159823 that you should be learner-centered pay
wUMUrtOfpxM-00715-00159824-00160095 attention to each student as individuals
wUMUrtOfpxM-00716-00160096-00160319 and be aware of how important you are to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00717-00160320-00160566 the success of your students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00718-00160567-00160775 and here are some examples of just how
wUMUrtOfpxM-00719-00160776-00161102 important the facilitators were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00720-00161103-00161319 now i'm not sure this looks rather small
wUMUrtOfpxM-00721-00161320-00161463 on my screen i don't know if you can see
wUMUrtOfpxM-00722-00161464-00161631 these numbers but
wUMUrtOfpxM-00723-00161632-00161863 this is a graph that shows
wUMUrtOfpxM-00724-00161864-00162071 the drop rate by facilitator rank now
wUMUrtOfpxM-00725-00162072-00162207 these are the ranks that were given to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00726-00162208-00162454 the facilitators by the teacher so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00727-00162455-00162639 the low ones were the in effect if the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00728-00162640-00162790 middle ones were just in the middle and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00729-00162791-00163007 the high ones were the very good
wUMUrtOfpxM-00730-00163008-00163199 facilitators as perceived by the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00731-00163200-00163375 teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00732-00163376-00163671 and you can see here i hope you can see
wUMUrtOfpxM-00733-00163672-00163814 that the low and middle ranks are
wUMUrtOfpxM-00734-00163815-00164063 hovering around 40 drop rate that means
wUMUrtOfpxM-00735-00164064-00164263 40 percent of the students in these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00736-00164264-00164535 local rural schools dropped out
wUMUrtOfpxM-00737-00164536-00164639 in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00738-00164640-00164831 schools that had a high ranking
wUMUrtOfpxM-00739-00164832-00165135 facilitator that drops to 30 or just
wUMUrtOfpxM-00740-00165136-00165575 under 30 percent
wUMUrtOfpxM-00741-00165576-00165702 this slide
wUMUrtOfpxM-00742-00165703-00165919 is getting away from
wUMUrtOfpxM-00743-00165920-00166231 the local classroom to more to what i am
wUMUrtOfpxM-00744-00166232-00166390 looking at because we did not have
wUMUrtOfpxM-00745-00166391-00166695 anyone observing and taking data in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00746-00166696-00166871 local classrooms unfortunately we just
wUMUrtOfpxM-00747-00166872-00167063 didn't have the funding to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00748-00167064-00167199 it would have been such fun to go out
wUMUrtOfpxM-00749-00167200-00167375 into the field and go to some of these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00750-00167376-00167575 small schools but no we're having to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00751-00167576-00167887 rely on facilitator reports
wUMUrtOfpxM-00752-00167888-00168102 but what we do have is we have all of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00753-00168103-00168278 the archived
wUMUrtOfpxM-00754-00168279-00168454 thank you peggy we have all of the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00755-00168455-00168726 archived um discussion board activity
wUMUrtOfpxM-00756-00168727-00168943 between students and teachers online and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00757-00168944-00169102 that is the piece that i am looking at
wUMUrtOfpxM-00758-00169103-00169263 for my dissertation
wUMUrtOfpxM-00759-00169264-00169447 so i could probably talk about this for
wUMUrtOfpxM-00760-00169448-00169743 24 hours non-stop you know somebody said
wUMUrtOfpxM-00761-00169744-00169951 i should
wUMUrtOfpxM-00762-00169952-00170135 so looking at the discussion board
wUMUrtOfpxM-00763-00170136-00170535 activity which is part of the course
wUMUrtOfpxM-00764-00170536-00170678 it shows that even though the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00765-00170679-00170887 facilitators were in the local schools
wUMUrtOfpxM-00766-00170888-00171078 and not participating themselves in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00767-00171079-00171190 discussion
wUMUrtOfpxM-00768-00171191-00171407 that they had an effect on how engaged
wUMUrtOfpxM-00769-00171408-00171647 the students were in the course
wUMUrtOfpxM-00770-00171648-00171847 so on average students who had a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00771-00171848-00172126 facilitator who was ranked high or good
wUMUrtOfpxM-00772-00172127-00172431 posted 25 messages on the discussion
wUMUrtOfpxM-00773-00172432-00172535 boards
wUMUrtOfpxM-00774-00172536-00172702 and in the low and middle groups this
wUMUrtOfpxM-00775-00172703-00173214 was as low as 14 or 15.
wUMUrtOfpxM-00776-00173215-00173414 did you have to did we have to teach the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00777-00173415-00173663 facilitators how to handle discussion no
wUMUrtOfpxM-00778-00173664-00173887 well in their online training they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00779-00173888-00174087 participated in their own discussion
wUMUrtOfpxM-00780-00174088-00174263 boards but they had nothing to do with
wUMUrtOfpxM-00781-00174264-00174438 the actual running of the course the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00782-00174439-00174583 course content
wUMUrtOfpxM-00783-00174584-00174719 so the only thing they weren't
wUMUrtOfpxM-00784-00174720-00174895 responsible and the only thing they had
wUMUrtOfpxM-00785-00174896-00175143 to do was encourage the students to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00786-00175144-00175383 participate
wUMUrtOfpxM-00787-00175384-00175735 but we feel or we speculate that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00788-00175736-00175926 having a good facilitator meant that the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00789-00175927-00176414 students were more engaged
wUMUrtOfpxM-00790-00176415-00176566 what skills do you credit for the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00791-00176567-00176711 discussion i'll go back into the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00792-00176712-00177151 discussion at the end if that's okay
wUMUrtOfpxM-00793-00177152-00177366 now social presence to go back to the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00794-00177367-00177535 community of inquiry model if you can
wUMUrtOfpxM-00795-00177536-00177726 see the social presence ring there is
wUMUrtOfpxM-00796-00177727-00177926 also part of what makes up setting the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00797-00177927-00178078 climate
wUMUrtOfpxM-00798-00178079-00178295 and social presence addresses
wUMUrtOfpxM-00799-00178296-00178454 the question of how people project
wUMUrtOfpxM-00800-00178455-00178663 themselves online in text based
wUMUrtOfpxM-00801-00178664-00178823 environments how do they project
wUMUrtOfpxM-00802-00178824-00178990 themselves as real people with real
wUMUrtOfpxM-00803-00178991-00179238 personalities emotions
wUMUrtOfpxM-00804-00179239-00179590 affect all those kind of things
wUMUrtOfpxM-00805-00179591-00179887 and social presence has three components
wUMUrtOfpxM-00806-00179888-00180199 cohesive effective and interactive now
wUMUrtOfpxM-00807-00180200-00180447 the cohesive part of that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00808-00180448-00180766 refers to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00809-00180767-00181007 the use of language that bonds the group
wUMUrtOfpxM-00810-00181008-00181335 together such as using the terms we us
wUMUrtOfpxM-00811-00181336-00181519 or our when talking about the group
wUMUrtOfpxM-00812-00181520-00181695 rather than individuals
wUMUrtOfpxM-00813-00181696-00181871 also means sharing stories about your
wUMUrtOfpxM-00814-00181872-00182111 local environment
wUMUrtOfpxM-00815-00182112-00182326 greetings expressions of thanks all of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00816-00182327-00182607 the social niceties focused which are
wUMUrtOfpxM-00817-00182608-00182823 calling each other by name
wUMUrtOfpxM-00818-00182824-00183078 and then the effective component
wUMUrtOfpxM-00819-00183079-00183302 is just as it sounds emotion humor
wUMUrtOfpxM-00820-00183303-00183566 sarcasm higher language which means any
wUMUrtOfpxM-00821-00183567-00183751 embellishment of the text by using for
wUMUrtOfpxM-00822-00183752-00184023 instance smileys or other emoticons
wUMUrtOfpxM-00823-00184024-00184231 exclamation points or other um
wUMUrtOfpxM-00824-00184232-00184383 embellishments of the text different
wUMUrtOfpxM-00825-00184384-00184678 colors adding photos or links anything
wUMUrtOfpxM-00826-00184679-00184966 that adds to the just the plain text
wUMUrtOfpxM-00827-00184967-00185295 this also includes self-disclosure
wUMUrtOfpxM-00828-00185296-00185399 which was
wUMUrtOfpxM-00829-00185400-00185583 one of the most common indicators of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00830-00185584-00185735 social presence
wUMUrtOfpxM-00831-00185736-00185935 and this means expressing vulnerability
wUMUrtOfpxM-00832-00185936-00186166 in some way for instance saying oh i
wUMUrtOfpxM-00833-00186167-00186423 found that test to be very hard i really
wUMUrtOfpxM-00834-00186424-00186583 struggled with it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00835-00186584-00186854 so it's admitting some kind of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00836-00186855-00187047 vulnerability or disclosing something
wUMUrtOfpxM-00837-00187048-00187238 about themselves personally the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00838-00187239-00187487 interactive piece is acknowledging that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00839-00187488-00187759 there are other students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00840-00187760-00188054 responding specifically to their
wUMUrtOfpxM-00841-00188055-00188287 posts agreeing with them complimenting
wUMUrtOfpxM-00842-00188288-00188375 them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00843-00188376-00188599 it also includes complaint and whining i
wUMUrtOfpxM-00844-00188600-00188775 should really go on to the next slide
wUMUrtOfpxM-00845-00188776-00188919 for this because it gives some more
wUMUrtOfpxM-00846-00188920-00189071 details
wUMUrtOfpxM-00847-00189072-00189278 complaints and whining
wUMUrtOfpxM-00848-00189279-00189407 there wasn't very much complaint and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00849-00189408-00189566 whining in the course at all but it's
wUMUrtOfpxM-00850-00189567-00189743 considered a bonding activity because
wUMUrtOfpxM-00851-00189744-00189943 people often will bond through
wUMUrtOfpxM-00852-00189944-00190159 complaining about the same thing
wUMUrtOfpxM-00853-00190160-00190399 uh disagreement means polite
wUMUrtOfpxM-00854-00190400-00190631 disagreement such not having an argument
wUMUrtOfpxM-00855-00190632-00190790 being mean it's just
wUMUrtOfpxM-00856-00190791-00191078 often an academic critique
wUMUrtOfpxM-00857-00191079-00191302 and then ask request
wUMUrtOfpxM-00858-00191303-00191535 ask or request is um
wUMUrtOfpxM-00859-00191536-00191695 asking
wUMUrtOfpxM-00860-00191696-00191887 deliberately inviting further
wUMUrtOfpxM-00861-00191888-00192095 conversation by asking specific
wUMUrtOfpxM-00862-00192096-00192326 questions or asking an open-ended
wUMUrtOfpxM-00863-00192327-00192487 question so it's trying to continue the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00864-00192488-00192702 conversation and as you can see from the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00865-00192703-00192878 social presence indicators i have on
wUMUrtOfpxM-00866-00192879-00193095 this graph
wUMUrtOfpxM-00867-00193096-00193287 now i've lumped together the middle and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00868-00193288-00193550 low because they tended to be similar
wUMUrtOfpxM-00869-00193551-00193790 so the high in green
wUMUrtOfpxM-00870-00193791-00193999 in many cases are a lot higher than the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00871-00194000-00194135 middle or low
wUMUrtOfpxM-00872-00194136-00194343 so again you're seeing an effect
wUMUrtOfpxM-00873-00194344-00194543 of the students who had good
wUMUrtOfpxM-00874-00194544-00194759 facilitators
wUMUrtOfpxM-00875-00194760-00195014 were much more sociable showed more
wUMUrtOfpxM-00876-00195015-00195190 social presence indicators in the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00877-00195191-00195311 language that they used on these
wUMUrtOfpxM-00878-00195312-00195511 discussion boards so they were not only
wUMUrtOfpxM-00879-00195512-00195743 more active but they use more social
wUMUrtOfpxM-00880-00195744-00195926 presence indicators and social presence
wUMUrtOfpxM-00881-00195927-00196214 indicators are thought to be a measure
wUMUrtOfpxM-00882-00196215-00196447 of how communities form online so of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00883-00196448-00196583 course all of this is important when
wUMUrtOfpxM-00884-00196584-00196726 you're trying to create
wUMUrtOfpxM-00885-00196727-00197566 unlike online communities
wUMUrtOfpxM-00886-00197567-00197735 she was very responsive her kids always
wUMUrtOfpxM-00887-00197736-00197950 had their stuff done if she if they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00888-00197951-00198111 didn't she knew about it and i knew
wUMUrtOfpxM-00889-00198112-00198271 about it it was just communication
wUMUrtOfpxM-00890-00198272-00198487 communication communication so that's a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00891-00198488-00198702 big thing and then we have two differing
wUMUrtOfpxM-00892-00198703-00198854 opinions here
wUMUrtOfpxM-00893-00198855-00199038 one facilitator saying that i think
wUMUrtOfpxM-00894-00199039-00199287 non-english teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00895-00199288-00199407 make better
wUMUrtOfpxM-00896-00199408-00199643 facilitators meaning teachers of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00897-00199644-00199878 non-subjects other than english rather
wUMUrtOfpxM-00898-00199879-00199959 than
wUMUrtOfpxM-00899-00199960-00200150 non-english teachers
wUMUrtOfpxM-00900-00200151-00200263 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00901-00200264-00200414 their feeling was that if the english
wUMUrtOfpxM-00902-00200415-00200575 teachers didn't like the way they were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00903-00200576-00200702 teaching the class then they'd try and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00904-00200703-00200999 take over and teach it their way
wUMUrtOfpxM-00905-00201000-00201254 well we have another
wUMUrtOfpxM-00906-00201255-00201438 online teacher who said
wUMUrtOfpxM-00907-00201439-00201543 actually
wUMUrtOfpxM-00908-00201544-00201719 she quite liked it if they helped the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00909-00201720-00201871 students with the content because some
wUMUrtOfpxM-00910-00201872-00202095 students had low writing skills so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00911-00202096-00202326 having someone there who knew what a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00912-00202327-00202502 paragraph should look like
wUMUrtOfpxM-00913-00202503-00202719 it could give them all kind of feedback
wUMUrtOfpxM-00914-00202720-00202887 and you can say here's a topic sentence
wUMUrtOfpxM-00915-00202888-00203054 here's a thesis statement that kind of
wUMUrtOfpxM-00916-00203055-00203254 thing so she was happy for teacher the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00917-00203255-00203407 facilitators to be helping with the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00918-00203408-00203575 content
wUMUrtOfpxM-00919-00203576-00203726 and then just to comment about again
wUMUrtOfpxM-00920-00203727-00203926 about communication and and how they
wUMUrtOfpxM-00921-00203927-00204087 developed close relationships with some
wUMUrtOfpxM-00922-00204088-00204263 of these facilitators one would send me
wUMUrtOfpxM-00923-00204264-00204414 pictures every time one of her calves
wUMUrtOfpxM-00924-00204415-00205198 had a cast
wUMUrtOfpxM-00925-00205200-00205342 and here's some comments about
wUMUrtOfpxM-00926-00205344-00205606 ineffective facilitators and as i said
wUMUrtOfpxM-00927-00205607-00205782 ineffective didn't necessarily mean that
wUMUrtOfpxM-00928-00205783-00205927 they didn't care about their students
wUMUrtOfpxM-00929-00205928-00206094 although in some cases they really were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00930-00206096-00206271 absent
wUMUrtOfpxM-00931-00206271-00206590 so one here saying that he was worse
wUMUrtOfpxM-00932-00206591-00206838 than an absentee facilitator he was the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00933-00206839-00207023 kind of facilitator that could a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00934-00207023-00207246 class made it difficult to have any kind
wUMUrtOfpxM-00935-00207248-00207438 of a bond with any of these students it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00936-00207439-00207646 was adversarial
wUMUrtOfpxM-00937-00207648-00207790 and then another one she was too
wUMUrtOfpxM-00938-00207791-00207975 attached to the kids she was mystified
wUMUrtOfpxM-00939-00207976-00208134 and thought the kids were mystified too
wUMUrtOfpxM-00940-00208135-00208310 and deserved a break she tried to cut
wUMUrtOfpxM-00941-00208311-00208510 them some slack and i believe that was a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00942-00208511-00208710 facilitator who said to the kids well i
wUMUrtOfpxM-00943-00208711-00208862 think this is too difficult so you don't
wUMUrtOfpxM-00944-00208863-00209166 have to do it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00945-00209167-00209375 and then another one
wUMUrtOfpxM-00946-00209376-00209582 where she was just babying them too much
wUMUrtOfpxM-00947-00209583-00209727 she was over involved in trying to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00948-00209728-00209919 protect them
wUMUrtOfpxM-00949-00209919-00210175 from the rigors of coursework and what
wUMUrtOfpxM-00950-00210176-00210927 they saw as inflexible deadlines
wUMUrtOfpxM-00951-00210928-00211223 and i believe oh we have facilitator
wUMUrtOfpxM-00952-00211223-00211455 comments on the teacher
wUMUrtOfpxM-00953-00211456-00211534 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00954-00211535-00211894 from their perspective um
wUMUrtOfpxM-00955-00211896-00212023 saying that the instructor was very
wUMUrtOfpxM-00956-00212023-00212182 accommodating when the local issues
wUMUrtOfpxM-00957-00212183-00212398 interrupted the class she was wonderful
wUMUrtOfpxM-00958-00212400-00212558 i felt like i knew her we were in
wUMUrtOfpxM-00959-00212559-00212775 contact multiple times per day and she
wUMUrtOfpxM-00960-00212776-00212919 was readily available so again
wUMUrtOfpxM-00961-00212919-00213063 communication
wUMUrtOfpxM-00962-00213064-00213294 and then the rigor of the one one
wUMUrtOfpxM-00963-00213296-00213503 facilitator like the rigor of the course
wUMUrtOfpxM-00964-00213504-00213719 the online teacher did not let up when
wUMUrtOfpxM-00965-00213719-00213871 they were having a bad day it didn't
wUMUrtOfpxM-00966-00213871-00213975 matter
wUMUrtOfpxM-00967-00213976-00214198 or making excuses about other tough
wUMUrtOfpxM-00968-00214200-00214455 classes sports band practice local
wUMUrtOfpxM-00969-00214456-00214687 teachers are all so swayed by that you
wUMUrtOfpxM-00970-00214688-00214855 don't always need to be warm and fuzzy
wUMUrtOfpxM-00971-00214856-00215055 in education the kids rose to the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00972-00215056-00215271 occasion because they were pushed she
wUMUrtOfpxM-00973-00215271-00215431 was an excellent professor and we were
wUMUrtOfpxM-00974-00215432-00215591 all very impressed
wUMUrtOfpxM-00975-00215592-00215719 and another one saying she was
wUMUrtOfpxM-00976-00215719-00215975 tremendous she was very responsive she
wUMUrtOfpxM-00977-00215976-00216215 and again she replied very
wUMUrtOfpxM-00978-00216216-00216455 promptly and this last one always makes
wUMUrtOfpxM-00979-00216456-00216598 me laugh
wUMUrtOfpxM-00980-00216600-00216951 one class and only one class used skype
wUMUrtOfpxM-00981-00216952-00217110 so she's saying that they used to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00982-00217111-00217263 instant message the teacher but once
wUMUrtOfpxM-00983-00217264-00217446 they got a headset with a microphone and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00984-00217448-00217575 were able to carry on a verbal
wUMUrtOfpxM-00985-00217576-00217775 conversation so the first boy to talk to
wUMUrtOfpxM-00986-00217776-00217998 her said she's nice and she said it
wUMUrtOfpxM-00987-00218000-00218167 brought a whole new feeling to the class
wUMUrtOfpxM-00988-00218167-00218415 to actually realize the instructor was a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00989-00218416-00218655 real person and not just some sadistic
wUMUrtOfpxM-00990-00218656-00218903 slave driving dragon which it is a
wUMUrtOfpxM-00991-00218904-00219223 wonderful comment i love that comment
wUMUrtOfpxM-00992-00219223-00219334 so
wUMUrtOfpxM-00993-00219335-00219479 you can see how important the
wUMUrtOfpxM-00994-00219480-00219806 relationship is here
wUMUrtOfpxM-00995-00219807-00219910 and
wUMUrtOfpxM-00996-00219911-00220198 that's the end of the presentation
wUMUrtOfpxM-00997-00220200-00220375 and these are the credits this is it was
wUMUrtOfpxM-00998-00220376-00220727 funded by the ies
wUMUrtOfpxM-00999-00220728-00220806 and
wUMUrtOfpxM-01000-00220807-00220975 again these are probably too small to
wUMUrtOfpxM-01001-00220976-00221175 read about the references that i used in
wUMUrtOfpxM-01002-00221176-00221406 this particular presentation
wUMUrtOfpxM-01003-00221407-00221840 and contact information for me
wVwQDO94Pfu-00000-00000000-00000419 how to crash in BeamNG Drive Step 1 get
wVwQDO94Pfu-00001-00000420-00001233 your car and crash it into a wall
wVwQDO94Pfu-00002-00001234-00001493 [Music]
wVwQDO94Pfu-00003-00001494-00002023 step two that's it thanks for watching
wVClqa_jkuY-00000-00000624-00000854 why is it that's the aspect of our
wVClqa_jkuY-00001-00000855-00001775 currency aspect
wVClqa_jkuY-00002-00001776-00002151 yesterday uh that temperature gone
wVClqa_jkuY-00003-00002152-00002367 up now it's only
wVClqa_jkuY-00004-00002368-00002591 60 degrees
wVClqa_jkuY-00005-00002592-00002815 so that's what i say the the
wVClqa_jkuY-00006-00002816-00003039 latency of the tank is because of the
wVClqa_jkuY-00007-00003040-00003575 heavy yeah nipple slow
wVClqa_jkuY-00008-00003576-00003879 you got that on sixteen by nine
wVClqa_jkuY-00009-00003879-00004079 what's that
wVClqa_jkuY-00010-00004079-00004431 okay or whatever
wVClqa_jkuY-00011-00004432-00004767 looks like turning
wVClqa_jkuY-00012-00004768-00005102 right
wVClqa_jkuY-00013-00005103-00005375 but i cannot see if this is a problem
wVClqa_jkuY-00014-00005376-00005686 with the camera or it might be
wVClqa_jkuY-00015-00005687-00006279 what is going on here
wVClqa_jkuY-00016-00006280-00006639 because definitely there is
wVClqa_jkuY-00017-00006640-00006831 now a kind of
wVClqa_jkuY-00018-00006831-00007295 standing wave pattern between
wVClqa_jkuY-00019-00007295-00007574 the pipe
wVClqa_jkuY-00020-00007575-00008303 and the anode
wVClqa_jkuY-00021-00008304-00008527 that i've seen with the heat pipes also
wVClqa_jkuY-00022-00008528-00008703 very often
wVClqa_jkuY-00023-00008704-00008967 there's a resonance going on there
wVClqa_jkuY-00024-00008968-00009303 there we go so
wVClqa_jkuY-00025-00009304-00009559 but now i can see the chop chop is near
wVClqa_jkuY-00026-00009560-00009791 nearly there because the the wire
wVClqa_jkuY-00027-00009792-00010438 becomes very thin yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00028-00010439-00010783 so any moment a piece might fall off
wVClqa_jkuY-00029-00010784-00011167 because the person is being eaten
wVClqa_jkuY-00030-00011168-00011310 here
wVClqa_jkuY-00031-00011311-00011559 yeah here is no activity and here it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00032-00011560-00011791 eating so when something happens
wVClqa_jkuY-00033-00011792-00012055 you might have this
wVClqa_jkuY-00034-00012056-00012574 that would not yeah that would be nice
wVClqa_jkuY-00035-00012575-00012838 i don't do it right now yet but when
wVClqa_jkuY-00036-00012839-00013166 you're kind of ready
wVClqa_jkuY-00037-00013168-00013430 preparing everything
wVClqa_jkuY-00038-00013431-00013638 i will put on the
wVClqa_jkuY-00039-00013640-00014103 cockroft
wVClqa_jkuY-00040-00014104-00014358 current
wVClqa_jkuY-00041-00014359-00014966 then the intensity will go up
wVClqa_jkuY-00042-00014968-00015094 so i'm gonna
wVClqa_jkuY-00043-00015095-00016750 see
wVClqa_jkuY-00044-00016751-00018103 and when we can
wVClqa_jkuY-00045-00018104-00018439 well it's not got any um
wVClqa_jkuY-00046-00018440-00018655 tufts particularly
wVClqa_jkuY-00047-00018656-00018886 although kind of they're not tough at
wVClqa_jkuY-00048-00018887-00019030 all
wVClqa_jkuY-00049-00019031-00019271 there's some that are kind of appearing
wVClqa_jkuY-00050-00019272-00019903 now they're starting to appear there
wVClqa_jkuY-00051-00019904-00020199 but it is again a different process
wVClqa_jkuY-00052-00020200-00020358 and a strong
wVClqa_jkuY-00053-00020359-00020607 plus my relation between the
wVClqa_jkuY-00054-00020608-00020775 and very stable actually there's not
wVClqa_jkuY-00055-00020776-00020975 moving anything around
wVClqa_jkuY-00056-00020976-00021247 so this plus more in between the pipes
wVClqa_jkuY-00057-00021248-00021567 down there is very stable now
wVClqa_jkuY-00058-00021568-00021678 and have an
wVClqa_jkuY-00059-00021679-00021927 interesting connection between the anode
wVClqa_jkuY-00060-00021928-00022143 and i don't know what it is but it is
wVClqa_jkuY-00061-00022144-00023103 a kind of oscillating
wVClqa_jkuY-00062-00023104-00023327 and this is so special that the camera
wVClqa_jkuY-00063-00023328-00023550 has problems to capture it well it's the
wVClqa_jkuY-00064-00023551-00023799 flash rate isn't it so yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00065-00023800-00024007 if i come off that
wVClqa_jkuY-00066-00024008-00024735 what it is you can see the interference
wVClqa_jkuY-00067-00024736-00025119 so how to
wVClqa_jkuY-00068-00025120-00025294 know what kind of interference is going
wVClqa_jkuY-00069-00025295-00025711 on now
wVClqa_jkuY-00070-00025712-00025918 this picture looks more stable
wVClqa_jkuY-00071-00025919-00026183 to me now yeah but it's it's a distance
wVClqa_jkuY-00072-00026183-00026814 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00073-00026816-00027079 but it's if i reduce the uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00074-00027080-00027302 f stop down so i'm changing the f stop
wVClqa_jkuY-00075-00027304-00027462 so you can see a bit more about actually
wVClqa_jkuY-00076-00027463-00027870 what it looks like
wVClqa_jkuY-00077-00027872-00028174 yeah so this is like we're talking about
wVClqa_jkuY-00078-00028175-00028502 f 2.8 here
wVClqa_jkuY-00079-00028504-00029007 and then as i dial down this is f4
wVClqa_jkuY-00080-00029008-00029367 this is f5
wVClqa_jkuY-00081-00029368-00029527 i don't know what i'm seeing actually
wVClqa_jkuY-00082-00029527-00029839 it's it's now absolutely
wVClqa_jkuY-00083-00029839-00030311 clear for me well uh if i change the
wVClqa_jkuY-00084-00030312-00030567 okay so here here i've got
wVClqa_jkuY-00085-00030568-00030814 a much longer this is kind of what let's
wVClqa_jkuY-00086-00030816-00031087 let's do what the eye can see so this is
wVClqa_jkuY-00087-00031088-00031351 about 1 60 of a second
wVClqa_jkuY-00088-00031352-00031518 so this is more like what the eye can
wVClqa_jkuY-00089-00031519-00031614 see
wVClqa_jkuY-00090-00031616-00031846 180th is beyond what the eye can see so
wVClqa_jkuY-00091-00031847-00031983 this is kind of like what the eye can
wVClqa_jkuY-00092-00031983-00032095 see but
wVClqa_jkuY-00093-00032095-00032407 if i adjust the f-stop
wVClqa_jkuY-00094-00032408-00032662 this might be
wVClqa_jkuY-00095-00032663-00032831 i'm changing a little bit this this is
wVClqa_jkuY-00096-00032832-00033095 kind of what you see with your eyes
wVClqa_jkuY-00097-00033096-00033190 maybe
wVClqa_jkuY-00098-00033191-00033439 a little bit more like that
wVClqa_jkuY-00099-00033440-00033543 oh
wVClqa_jkuY-00100-00033544-00033718 it falls yes
wVClqa_jkuY-00101-00033719-00033983 because it was cut
wVClqa_jkuY-00102-00033984-00034287 it chopped you're right yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00103-00034288-00034574 so we caught that at 1080p 60 frames a
wVClqa_jkuY-00104-00034575-00034855 second
wVClqa_jkuY-00105-00034856-00035111 and now need uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00106-00035112-00035327 now it's it's all about
wVClqa_jkuY-00107-00035328-00035583 some balls on the uh thing there but
wVClqa_jkuY-00108-00035584-00035767 it's dirt it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00109-00035768-00035967 it's dirt but it has to
wVClqa_jkuY-00110-00035968-00036255 get rid of first
wVClqa_jkuY-00111-00036256-00036543 to get back to the
wVClqa_jkuY-00112-00036544-00036743 tungsten
wVClqa_jkuY-00113-00036744-00036990 so now it has to clean so i'm very
wVClqa_jkuY-00114-00036991-00037183 curious where the oh there's a little
wVClqa_jkuY-00115-00037184-00037462 ball coming in there don't see that
wVClqa_jkuY-00116-00037463-00037662 outside yeah down down in the bottom
wVClqa_jkuY-00117-00037663-00037839 there
wVClqa_jkuY-00118-00037840-00037983 gonna move down and have a look at that
wVClqa_jkuY-00119-00037984-00038190 it keeps popping in there
wVClqa_jkuY-00120-00038191-00039111 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00121-00039112-00039279 little blip keep flipping in there
wVClqa_jkuY-00122-00039280-00039559 doesn't it yeah it jumps literally front
wVClqa_jkuY-00123-00039560-00039862 backwards oh hello
wVClqa_jkuY-00124-00039863-00040359 what's going on there
wVClqa_jkuY-00125-00040360-00040567 this is the double layer kind of it is
wVClqa_jkuY-00126-00040568-00040823 and it's spinning isn't it spinning is a
wVClqa_jkuY-00127-00040824-00041158 so something is being produced now
wVClqa_jkuY-00128-00041159-00041335 in the gas
wVClqa_jkuY-00129-00041336-00041671 so i'm looking down in the crack there
wVClqa_jkuY-00130-00041672-00041855 and then i'm going to go and look at the
wVClqa_jkuY-00131-00041856-00042118 uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00132-00042119-00042279 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00133-00042280-00042511 there is a kind of plasma there
wVClqa_jkuY-00134-00042512-00042695 hanging there where
wVClqa_jkuY-00135-00042696-00042958 everything turns around
wVClqa_jkuY-00136-00042959-00043223 okay so i'm going to try and change the
wVClqa_jkuY-00137-00043224-00043567 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00138-00043568-00043783 yeah you have to be quick it's over
wVClqa_jkuY-00139-00043784-00043927 before you know
wVClqa_jkuY-00140-00043928-00044223 and then you will never see it again
wVClqa_jkuY-00141-00044224-00044479 are you skeptic no
wVClqa_jkuY-00142-00044480-00044623 it's it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00143-00044624-00044830 my experience yeah yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00144-00044831-00045055 there we go look at that lovely
wVClqa_jkuY-00145-00045056-00045646 crispness
wVClqa_jkuY-00146-00045647-00045967 and then we go down here
wVClqa_jkuY-00147-00045968-00046158 and i cannot see if there's only one
wVClqa_jkuY-00148-00046159-00046471 turn left now of the wire
wVClqa_jkuY-00149-00046472-00046662 it seems to be that there's only one
wVClqa_jkuY-00150-00046663-00046815 turn left so well should we have a look
wVClqa_jkuY-00151-00046816-00046983 at where the wire was that's the bit of
wVClqa_jkuY-00152-00046984-00047223 wire right yeah i think so we can focus
wVClqa_jkuY-00153-00047224-00047430 in on that
wVClqa_jkuY-00154-00047431-00047727 and then um i can change the exposure
wVClqa_jkuY-00155-00047728-00047902 level
wVClqa_jkuY-00156-00047903-00048023 maybe
wVClqa_jkuY-00157-00048024-00048167 a bit like
wVClqa_jkuY-00158-00048168-00048318 uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00159-00048319-00048486 this
wVClqa_jkuY-00160-00048487-00048630 and then we'll have a look a little bit
wVClqa_jkuY-00161-00048631-00049079 down there
wVClqa_jkuY-00162-00049080-00049399 yeah that's clear very clear
wVClqa_jkuY-00163-00049400-00049558 so it seems that you can see that's the
wVClqa_jkuY-00164-00049559-00049799 point yeah yeah yeah on the left top
wVClqa_jkuY-00165-00049800-00050086 left hand side it's almost a half circle
wVClqa_jkuY-00166-00050087-00050286 yes it is as we find in fact it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00167-00050287-00050439 probably a half circle to the point that
wVClqa_jkuY-00168-00050440-00050855 it isn't tapered
wVClqa_jkuY-00169-00050856-00050958 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00170-00050959-00051143 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00171-00051144-00051382 maybe i can just
wVClqa_jkuY-00172-00051383-00051670 add a little bit more illumination that
wVClqa_jkuY-00173-00051671-00051902 we see this we have seen this turning of
wVClqa_jkuY-00174-00051903-00052190 this plus more uh this plus my around to
wVClqa_jkuY-00175-00052191-00052479 i know before this week yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00176-00052479-00052726 but it was gone for uh the
wVClqa_jkuY-00177-00052727-00052975 live stream now now it just
wVClqa_jkuY-00178-00052976-00053319 it appears again
wVClqa_jkuY-00179-00053320-00053479 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00180-00053479-00053750 i think it needs the the the um the wire
wVClqa_jkuY-00181-00053751-00053935 to be quite separate
wVClqa_jkuY-00182-00053936-00054335 from like an open spacing
wVClqa_jkuY-00183-00054336-00054607 and it was chopped that was chopped
wVClqa_jkuY-00184-00054608-00054815 yeah it didn't burn its way around the
wVClqa_jkuY-00185-00054816-00055087 other side got chopped it got
wVClqa_jkuY-00186-00055088-00055166 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00187-00055167-00055415 so i'm interested in this sample yeah i
wVClqa_jkuY-00188-00055416-00055726 understand yeah i also could see it got
wVClqa_jkuY-00189-00055727-00056015 yeah yeah yes it has been eaten so it
wVClqa_jkuY-00190-00056016-00056119 could be
wVClqa_jkuY-00191-00056120-00056366 that it's been eaten away and then just
wVClqa_jkuY-00192-00056367-00056591 fall off so now i'm different than the
wVClqa_jkuY-00193-00056591-00056766 chop shop
wVClqa_jkuY-00194-00056767-00056991 so now what i'm doing is i'm changing
wVClqa_jkuY-00195-00056991-00057094 the
wVClqa_jkuY-00196-00057095-00057271 sample rate so this is
wVClqa_jkuY-00197-00057272-00057559 1 30th of a second 140th of a second
wVClqa_jkuY-00198-00057560-00057863 one fiftieth of a second one sixtieth of
wVClqa_jkuY-00199-00057864-00057975 a second
wVClqa_jkuY-00200-00057976-00058103 one
wVClqa_jkuY-00201-00058104-00058335 eightieth of a second one one hundredth
wVClqa_jkuY-00202-00058336-00058882 of a second
wVClqa_jkuY-00203-00058883-00059199 one 125th of a second now i'm going to
wVClqa_jkuY-00204-00059200-00059415 change the f stop here to make this
wVClqa_jkuY-00205-00059416-00059742 darker so f11
wVClqa_jkuY-00206-00059744-00060047 f14
wVClqa_jkuY-00207-00060048-00060282 so you can start to see into the
wVClqa_jkuY-00208-00060283-00060487 plasma so i'll
wVClqa_jkuY-00209-00060488-00060775 change it so it's a longer exposure that
wVClqa_jkuY-00210-00060776-00060942 that flattens it out
wVClqa_jkuY-00211-00060944-00061238 it's longer exposure so i move and zoom
wVClqa_jkuY-00212-00061239-00061606 into this
wVClqa_jkuY-00213-00061607-00061894 and we go up and you can now say that
wVClqa_jkuY-00214-00061895-00062247 there is a kind of stable source down at
wVClqa_jkuY-00215-00062248-00062575 the cathode there's one plus more there
wVClqa_jkuY-00216-00062576-00062759 and this might be burning a hole through
wVClqa_jkuY-00217-00062760-00062966 that thing so this is a fairly stable
wVClqa_jkuY-00218-00062967-00063103 structure at the top here looks like
wVClqa_jkuY-00219-00063104-00063294 there's some spinning going on
wVClqa_jkuY-00220-00063295-00063503 and again down in the
wVClqa_jkuY-00221-00063504-00063711 base there this as you say it seems to
wVClqa_jkuY-00222-00063712-00063871 be stuck there
wVClqa_jkuY-00223-00063872-00064215 doing some work and and being
wVClqa_jkuY-00224-00064216-00064326 very
wVClqa_jkuY-00225-00064327-00064487 active
wVClqa_jkuY-00226-00064488-00064847 so no other processes can go on
wVClqa_jkuY-00227-00064848-00064991 let's go and have a really good close
wVClqa_jkuY-00228-00064991-00065223 look at that
wVClqa_jkuY-00229-00065224-00065382 so we've got a little bit of a flashing
wVClqa_jkuY-00230-00065383-00065638 going on there
wVClqa_jkuY-00231-00065639-00065903 here we see before that he's moving
wVClqa_jkuY-00232-00065904-00066087 backwards and forwards yeah between this
wVClqa_jkuY-00233-00066088-00066359 location in this location and above and
wVClqa_jkuY-00234-00066360-00066599 underneath
wVClqa_jkuY-00235-00066600-00066759 this definitely looks like it's spinning
wVClqa_jkuY-00236-00066760-00066903 up here you can get that kind of
wVClqa_jkuY-00237-00066904-00067743 impression here
wVClqa_jkuY-00238-00067744-00067959 but being able to controllably look
wVClqa_jkuY-00239-00067960-00068175 around the chamber like this is just
wVClqa_jkuY-00240-00068176-00068599 it's really satisfying i can say
wVClqa_jkuY-00241-00068600-00069199 with such high precision
wVClqa_jkuY-00242-00069200-00069415 at the bottom flash mode is like stable
wVClqa_jkuY-00243-00069416-00069575 and that one is yeah i don't know where
wVClqa_jkuY-00244-00069576-00069726 to go
wVClqa_jkuY-00245-00069727-00070023 but there is still enough energy to uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00246-00070024-00070167 to make it
wVClqa_jkuY-00247-00070168-00070471 but it's broken as well very often but
wVClqa_jkuY-00248-00070472-00070711 the center one
wVClqa_jkuY-00249-00070712-00071711 is the boss
wVClqa_jkuY-00250-00071712-00071879 now do you want to do anything different
wVClqa_jkuY-00251-00071880-00072126 change the domain or here or what i i'd
wVClqa_jkuY-00252-00072127-00072367 like to put some extra um
wVClqa_jkuY-00253-00072368-00072623 dc power on it okay but it's from the
wVClqa_jkuY-00254-00072624-00072831 crocroft okay
wVClqa_jkuY-00255-00072832-00073391 i'm turning it up now
wVClqa_jkuY-00256-00073392-00073526 it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00257-00073527-00073806 should be maximum now it does it oh
wVClqa_jkuY-00258-00073807-00073991 there we go oh i
wVClqa_jkuY-00259-00073992-00074206 it wasn't even on it was not even i i
wVClqa_jkuY-00260-00074207-00074471 should i i plugged it in and now
wVClqa_jkuY-00261-00074472-00074719 so this is with the cockcroft on you i
wVClqa_jkuY-00262-00074720-00075038 dial it back now to zero yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00263-00075039-00075167 so it
wVClqa_jkuY-00264-00075168-00075382 goes back to where he was
wVClqa_jkuY-00265-00075383-00075526 now okay
wVClqa_jkuY-00266-00075527-00075655 this is
wVClqa_jkuY-00267-00075656-00076031 okay little other regime
wVClqa_jkuY-00268-00076032-00076415 right now now start turning it up
wVClqa_jkuY-00269-00076416-00076623 there we go so now we got it dancing
wVClqa_jkuY-00270-00076624-00076750 around
wVClqa_jkuY-00271-00076751-00077062 it's more like i predicted this more
wVClqa_jkuY-00272-00077063-00077655 flat current now
wVClqa_jkuY-00273-00077656-00077862 and i
wVClqa_jkuY-00274-00077863-00078871 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00275-00078872-00079335 it's about 100 volts um ac input now
wVClqa_jkuY-00276-00079336-00079559 so i'm going to have a look at the uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00277-00079560-00079815 movement down the bottom here
wVClqa_jkuY-00278-00079816-00079999 look at this
wVClqa_jkuY-00279-00080000-00080247 isn't that is this the one i i know look
wVClqa_jkuY-00280-00080248-00080479 what yes i saw just just a moment ago
wVClqa_jkuY-00281-00080480-00080679 this the the blue
wVClqa_jkuY-00282-00080680-00080943 tentacles but it's eating the black away
wVClqa_jkuY-00283-00080944-00081262 yeah yeah it it makes holes in the black
wVClqa_jkuY-00284-00081263-00081462 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00285-00081463-00081903 what's happening
wVClqa_jkuY-00286-00081904-00082167 so i'm going to adjust the
wVClqa_jkuY-00287-00082168-00082335 exposure here
wVClqa_jkuY-00288-00082336-00082631 so that we can really see some
wVClqa_jkuY-00289-00082632-00082871 that there you can see the overall view
wVClqa_jkuY-00290-00082872-00082991 here
wVClqa_jkuY-00291-00082992-00083175 so you can actually see that this is the
wVClqa_jkuY-00292-00083176-00083391 chamber on the outside okay
wVClqa_jkuY-00293-00083392-00083582 and so if i'm going to focus out you can
wVClqa_jkuY-00294-00083583-00083838 get a really good idea of
wVClqa_jkuY-00295-00083839-00083999 where we are
wVClqa_jkuY-00296-00084000-00084238 in the world as it were here
wVClqa_jkuY-00297-00084239-00084494 is it gonna give us the focus there
wVClqa_jkuY-00298-00084495-00084679 right now now i'm gonna go down into the
wVClqa_jkuY-00299-00084680-00084999 chamber and look at the bottom
wVClqa_jkuY-00300-00085000-00085255 and it's changed the mode here hasn't it
wVClqa_jkuY-00301-00085256-00085559 yeah and you can see the sub
wVClqa_jkuY-00302-00085560-00085918 the dirt is being eaten away here
wVClqa_jkuY-00303-00085919-00086103 so we're going to dial this down so that
wVClqa_jkuY-00304-00086104-00086287 we can focus on what the action down
wVClqa_jkuY-00305-00086288-00086911 there
wVClqa_jkuY-00306-00086912-00087055 and whether
wVClqa_jkuY-00307-00087056-00087262 the the plasma
wVClqa_jkuY-00308-00087263-00087415 is eating now
wVClqa_jkuY-00309-00087416-00087687 this is what i is very common
wVClqa_jkuY-00310-00087688-00087918 now this is what you can say it's alive
wVClqa_jkuY-00311-00087919-00088294 i i would like to zoom in on these spots
wVClqa_jkuY-00312-00088295-00088438 yeah these spots
wVClqa_jkuY-00313-00088439-00088815 consist of more spots yes it's a cluster
wVClqa_jkuY-00314-00088816-00088926 of spots
wVClqa_jkuY-00315-00088927-00089023 and
wVClqa_jkuY-00316-00089024-00089206 it's moving around very quickly and it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00317-00089207-00089471 eating
wVClqa_jkuY-00318-00089472-00089687 the material clean again
wVClqa_jkuY-00319-00089688-00090015 so it's eating something
wVClqa_jkuY-00320-00090016-00090167 and then after a while when it's eaten
wVClqa_jkuY-00321-00090168-00090375 it's going somewhere else
wVClqa_jkuY-00322-00090376-00091326 so i'm going to change the
wVClqa_jkuY-00323-00091327-00091638 change this so that this will get darker
wVClqa_jkuY-00324-00091639-00091991 and i will lower the f this will give us
wVClqa_jkuY-00325-00091992-00092271 a smaller depth of field
wVClqa_jkuY-00326-00092272-00092423 but a higher
wVClqa_jkuY-00327-00092424-00092559 something is more than enough that's
wVClqa_jkuY-00328-00092560-00092767 very interesting to see i don't know why
wVClqa_jkuY-00329-00092768-00092950 what is happening but
wVClqa_jkuY-00330-00092951-00093159 it's like some
wVClqa_jkuY-00331-00093160-00093406 no those lines are because of the the
wVClqa_jkuY-00332-00093407-00093926 camera specifics now yeah right
wVClqa_jkuY-00333-00093927-00094167 i need to just adjust it so that that
wVClqa_jkuY-00334-00094168-00094735 doesn't become an artifact
wVClqa_jkuY-00335-00094736-00094926 so this is darker because i'm adjusting
wVClqa_jkuY-00336-00094927-00095282 these the camera specific so i've got
wVClqa_jkuY-00337-00095283-00095518 the 1000
wVClqa_jkuY-00338-00095519-00095667 that's at 1
wVClqa_jkuY-00339-00095668-00096038 1250 and f 4.5
wVClqa_jkuY-00340-00096039-00096255 so this should be tightly focused at
wVClqa_jkuY-00341-00096256-00096647 that bottom area there
wVClqa_jkuY-00342-00096648-00096862 and i need to adjust it so that we can
wVClqa_jkuY-00343-00096863-00098382 bring that into all focus
wVClqa_jkuY-00344-00098383-00098606 now i can i can honestly say
wVClqa_jkuY-00345-00098607-00098935 i don't feel good right now
wVClqa_jkuY-00346-00098936-00099071 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00347-00099072-00099374 in this mode it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00348-00099375-00099567 it's doing something different it's not
wVClqa_jkuY-00349-00099568-00099750 good for my brain yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00350-00099751-00099991 i can i can feel something
wVClqa_jkuY-00351-00099992-00100159 in this mode
wVClqa_jkuY-00352-00100160-00100326 which i couldn't feel without the
wVClqa_jkuY-00353-00100327-00101455 cochlear fulton
wVClqa_jkuY-00354-00101456-00101743 well it's doing a different process yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00355-00101744-00101926 now you can see it was dirty now it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00356-00101927-00102055 clean
wVClqa_jkuY-00357-00102056-00102279 so it did something yeah and where is
wVClqa_jkuY-00358-00102280-00102454 the energy where is the matter where is
wVClqa_jkuY-00359-00102455-00102615 everything going
wVClqa_jkuY-00360-00102616-00102742 so maybe it
wVClqa_jkuY-00361-00102743-00103006 creates something but you don't feel so
wVClqa_jkuY-00362-00103007-00103271 comfortable about
wVClqa_jkuY-00363-00103272-00103463 now it's eating it
wVClqa_jkuY-00364-00103464-00103702 the dirt away from the
wVClqa_jkuY-00365-00103703-00103951 yeah you can see it again okay so i'm
wVClqa_jkuY-00366-00103952-00104175 going to adjust this so it's not quite
wVClqa_jkuY-00367-00104176-00104399 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00368-00104400-00104427 uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00369-00104428-00104830 [Music]
wVClqa_jkuY-00370-00104831-00105166 i've switched one of one transformer
wVClqa_jkuY-00371-00105167-00105358 now
wVClqa_jkuY-00372-00105359-00105623 so the current is going back a little
wVClqa_jkuY-00373-00105624-00105927 bit
wVClqa_jkuY-00374-00105928-00106158 two and a half amps
wVClqa_jkuY-00375-00106159-00106639 only 100 volts
wVClqa_jkuY-00376-00106640-00107207 you can see there
wVClqa_jkuY-00377-00107208-00107383 one three hundred and twentieth one four
wVClqa_jkuY-00378-00107383-00107783 hundredth of a second f six point three
wVClqa_jkuY-00379-00107783-00108390 then exposure compensation minus two
wVClqa_jkuY-00380-00108391-00110543 and
wVClqa_jkuY-00381-00110544-00111015 stop doing something else somewhere else
wVClqa_jkuY-00382-00111016-00111263 yeah we didn't not choose this regime
wVClqa_jkuY-00383-00111264-00111431 here we go it's choosing
wVClqa_jkuY-00384-00111432-00113415 itself yeah the spinning again
wVClqa_jkuY-00385-00113416-00113695 it's between the tungsten
wVClqa_jkuY-00386-00113696-00113863 cleaning up the mess
wVClqa_jkuY-00387-00113864-00114943 it's made before
wVClqa_jkuY-00388-00114944-00115102 and
wVClqa_jkuY-00389-00115103-00115415 it could be there is some oxygen oxide
wVClqa_jkuY-00390-00115416-00115647 stuff maybe created because there was
wVClqa_jkuY-00391-00115648-00115871 residual air in there we had to propel
wVClqa_jkuY-00392-00115872-00116047 it a little bit more
wVClqa_jkuY-00393-00116048-00116151 so maybe
wVClqa_jkuY-00394-00116152-00116383 the chemistry of
wVClqa_jkuY-00395-00116383-00116478 of this
wVClqa_jkuY-00396-00116479-00116734 dirt changed in the meantime
wVClqa_jkuY-00397-00116735-00116999 because we left this alone for
wVClqa_jkuY-00398-00117000-00117263 a minute from how many hours
wVClqa_jkuY-00399-00117264-00117358 a while
wVClqa_jkuY-00400-00117359-00117623 yeah yeah a while so
wVClqa_jkuY-00401-00117624-00117799 maybe the residual air that came in
wVClqa_jkuY-00402-00117800-00117951 because the tank is still not hundred
wVClqa_jkuY-00403-00117952-00118143 percent closed
wVClqa_jkuY-00404-00118144-00118351 change the chemical okay here we go
wVClqa_jkuY-00405-00118352-00118558 we're getting the more strandy type blue
wVClqa_jkuY-00406-00118559-00119958 globs
wVClqa_jkuY-00407-00119959-00120119 so you can imagine those blue blobs are
wVClqa_jkuY-00408-00120120-00120310 actually inside that tunnel at that
wVClqa_jkuY-00409-00120311-00121575 point
wVClqa_jkuY-00410-00121576-00122647 all right six parts flying off mhm
wVClqa_jkuY-00411-00122648-00122886 switch to the
wVClqa_jkuY-00412-00122888-00123283 anode
wVClqa_jkuY-00413-00123283-00123590 here now the brass part is also getting
wVClqa_jkuY-00414-00123591-00123695 a little
wVClqa_jkuY-00415-00123696-00123919 there's a more stable domain now here
wVClqa_jkuY-00416-00123920-00124143 but there's this
wVClqa_jkuY-00417-00124144-00124886 moving around inside
wVClqa_jkuY-00418-00124888-00125086 oh now it's gone hold on it just went
wVClqa_jkuY-00419-00125088-00125407 quickly to the uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00420-00125408-00125647 going on the tungsten there was
wVClqa_jkuY-00421-00125648-00125790 starting to illuminate the tungsten
wVClqa_jkuY-00422-00125791-00125910 there we go
wVClqa_jkuY-00423-00125911-00125990 uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00424-00125991-00126247 it's it's starting to flick into another
wVClqa_jkuY-00425-00126248-00126463 mode nearly there you go
wVClqa_jkuY-00426-00126464-00126831 starting to hit the tungsten hard
wVClqa_jkuY-00427-00126832-00127071 for the record the pressure is now
wVClqa_jkuY-00428-00127072-00127247 5.25
wVClqa_jkuY-00429-00127248-00127623 millibars
wVClqa_jkuY-00430-00127624-00127975 and in the beginning of this uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00431-00127976-00128134 this session it was
wVClqa_jkuY-00432-00128135-00128647 it started about 10 millibars
wVClqa_jkuY-00433-00128648-00128814 so i'm going to go over down and back
wVClqa_jkuY-00434-00128815-00129414 onto the uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00435-00129415-00129951 and uh cafe problem
wVClqa_jkuY-00436-00129952-00130127 it will be very interesting to see the
wVClqa_jkuY-00437-00130128-00130343 blue spot what's in the blue spot
wVClqa_jkuY-00438-00130344-00130551 because it's not
wVClqa_jkuY-00439-00130552-00130775 a spot it's a
wVClqa_jkuY-00440-00130776-00130878 spot
wVClqa_jkuY-00441-00130879-00131111 made out of spots and it's not
wVClqa_jkuY-00442-00131112-00131399 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00443-00131400-00131583 it's it's close to each other but it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00444-00131584-00131678 not
wVClqa_jkuY-00445-00131679-00131847 a regular form
wVClqa_jkuY-00446-00131848-00132087 no it's like a little snake isn't it no
wVClqa_jkuY-00447-00132088-00132263 it's not a snake it's no i mean it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00448-00132264-00132447 like a squiggle
wVClqa_jkuY-00449-00132448-00132583 yeah that's what i was seeing in the
wVClqa_jkuY-00450-00132584-00132911 images yesterday
wVClqa_jkuY-00451-00132912-00133078 now here it's really moving around in
wVClqa_jkuY-00452-00133079-00133263 that included area isn't it between
wVClqa_jkuY-00453-00133264-00133423 underneath the knee and that's what i
wVClqa_jkuY-00454-00133424-00133511 mean
wVClqa_jkuY-00455-00133512-00133719 it's hiding it's literally hiding yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00456-00133720-00133863 exactly
wVClqa_jkuY-00457-00133864-00134383 now it's dancing around it
wVClqa_jkuY-00458-00134384-00134614 but sometimes it comes out of hiding
wVClqa_jkuY-00459-00134615-00134814 because some there is something more
wVClqa_jkuY-00460-00134815-00134990 interesting outside of it
wVClqa_jkuY-00461-00134991-00135231 likes to go in this hot hole as well
wVClqa_jkuY-00462-00135232-00135407 it's really got like some squiggles
wVClqa_jkuY-00463-00135408-00135623 going on there isn't it yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00464-00135624-00135790 we squiggly
wVClqa_jkuY-00465-00135791-00136014 but when i see it with when you see with
wVClqa_jkuY-00466-00136015-00136135 your
wVClqa_jkuY-00467-00136136-00136487 bare eyes you can see uh little
wVClqa_jkuY-00468-00136488-00136671 bright spots
wVClqa_jkuY-00469-00136672-00136895 in one of these fields
wVClqa_jkuY-00470-00136896-00137078 so it consists of more of them it looks
wVClqa_jkuY-00471-00137079-00137187 like a
wVClqa_jkuY-00472-00137188-00137614 clustered um a cluster of uh colombian
wVClqa_jkuY-00473-00137615-00137887 explosions yeah right yeah so we had
wVClqa_jkuY-00474-00137888-00138014 this
wVClqa_jkuY-00475-00138015-00138151 twinkle uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00476-00138152-00138375 i don't know what was made but mabel the
wVClqa_jkuY-00477-00138376-00138623 structure blows up and the contents kind
wVClqa_jkuY-00478-00138624-00138831 of move out in various directions and
wVClqa_jkuY-00479-00138832-00138911 and
wVClqa_jkuY-00480-00138912-00139095 continue the death
wVClqa_jkuY-00481-00139096-00139247 could be yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00482-00139248-00139407 it really is hiding under there right
wVClqa_jkuY-00483-00139408-00139766 now isn't it if i pull out
wVClqa_jkuY-00484-00139767-00139999 you can see it's got this quite nice
wVClqa_jkuY-00485-00140000-00140127 stable
wVClqa_jkuY-00486-00140128-00140439 domain and it's eating all the dirt now
wVClqa_jkuY-00487-00140440-00140719 around it oh it's it had a bit of a an
wVClqa_jkuY-00488-00140720-00140919 attraction to that bit down there when
wVClqa_jkuY-00489-00140920-00141135 it is another piece of dirt it likes to
wVClqa_jkuY-00490-00141136-00141366 hide under that little piece of dirt
wVClqa_jkuY-00491-00141367-00141535 it's also
wVClqa_jkuY-00492-00141536-00141766 it's um
wVClqa_jkuY-00493-00141767-00142351 in that sense it's very predictable
wVClqa_jkuY-00494-00142352-00142590 but why it chooses it
wVClqa_jkuY-00495-00142591-00142975 for some reason to be on a spot what it
wVClqa_jkuY-00496-00142976-00143166 didn't see before
wVClqa_jkuY-00497-00143167-00143335 it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00498-00143336-00143639 absolutely amazing
wVClqa_jkuY-00499-00143640-00143783 it's going right the way in there isn't
wVClqa_jkuY-00500-00143784-00143943 it hello
wVClqa_jkuY-00501-00143944-00144063 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00502-00144064-00144175 look at that
wVClqa_jkuY-00503-00144176-00144566 it's so cool that's so cool
wVClqa_jkuY-00504-00144567-00146319 oh dear
wVClqa_jkuY-00505-00146320-00146495 now just to show the point that if i
wVClqa_jkuY-00506-00146496-00146671 actually change the
wVClqa_jkuY-00507-00146672-00146895 exposure on this so that you're going
wVClqa_jkuY-00508-00146896-00147311 down to the human eye kind of scale
wVClqa_jkuY-00509-00147312-00147566 this is the kind of human eye
wVClqa_jkuY-00510-00147567-00147783 and if i zoom in on that you'll be able
wVClqa_jkuY-00511-00147784-00147975 to see kind of roughly what the human
wVClqa_jkuY-00512-00147976-00148214 eye would see
wVClqa_jkuY-00513-00148215-00148423 when it's looking through the chamber
wVClqa_jkuY-00514-00148424-00148623 go up here
wVClqa_jkuY-00515-00148624-00148919 it's hiding but it's more like a ball
wVClqa_jkuY-00516-00148920-00149166 dancing around and hiding
wVClqa_jkuY-00517-00149167-00149471 you're not seeing into what that ball is
wVClqa_jkuY-00518-00149472-00149823 made of and again if you look at the
wVClqa_jkuY-00519-00149824-00149926 the
wVClqa_jkuY-00520-00149927-00150039 anode
wVClqa_jkuY-00521-00150040-00150175 here
wVClqa_jkuY-00522-00150176-00150511 it's more of a glow
wVClqa_jkuY-00523-00150512-00150719 so we go back down to where the hiding
wVClqa_jkuY-00524-00150720-00150871 is going on
wVClqa_jkuY-00525-00150872-00151254 it's just kind of like a glow
wVClqa_jkuY-00526-00151255-00151559 but if we then dial that up to the 1
wVClqa_jkuY-00527-00151560-00151783 400th of a second
wVClqa_jkuY-00528-00151784-00152063 and i have to come out to do that
wVClqa_jkuY-00529-00152064-00152159 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00530-00152160-00152359 i'll come up to 1 400th of a second like
wVClqa_jkuY-00531-00152360-00152590 we were just a moment ago
wVClqa_jkuY-00532-00152591-00152783 this is when you start to see when it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00533-00152784-00152943 working
wVClqa_jkuY-00534-00152944-00153143 the dancing
wVClqa_jkuY-00535-00153144-00153431 the little squiggly bits you start to
wVClqa_jkuY-00536-00153432-00153823 see it break down the uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00537-00153824-00153951 i think uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00538-00153952-00154054 we're gonna have a little bit more
wVClqa_jkuY-00539-00154055-00154359 cranked up power here yeah so
wVClqa_jkuY-00540-00154360-00154663 yep here it goes
wVClqa_jkuY-00541-00154664-00154775 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00542-00154776-00155039 we go back to our little dance here
wVClqa_jkuY-00543-00155040-00155790 one amp extra
wVClqa_jkuY-00544-00155791-00156047 well it seems to be that
wVClqa_jkuY-00545-00156048-00156375 it's the food is gone so i predict it
wVClqa_jkuY-00546-00156376-00156719 will jump over to the the other pipes
wVClqa_jkuY-00547-00156720-00157135 one moment
wVClqa_jkuY-00548-00157136-00157351 but
wVClqa_jkuY-00549-00157352-00157695 well
wVClqa_jkuY-00550-00157696-00158247 it can take a long time as well
wVClqa_jkuY-00551-00158248-00158414 but you can see that you need more
wVClqa_jkuY-00552-00158415-00159007 currents in this case to ignite the um
wVClqa_jkuY-00553-00159008-00159183 uh the tungsten
wVClqa_jkuY-00554-00159184-00159590 i could do some hydrogen
wVClqa_jkuY-00555-00159591-00159847 well or do you want to put some cf in
wVClqa_jkuY-00556-00159848-00160087 there
wVClqa_jkuY-00557-00160088-00161583 what you like
wVClqa_jkuY-00558-00161584-00162663 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00559-00162664-00163039 oh it almost move up
wVClqa_jkuY-00560-00163040-00163175 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00561-00163176-00163678 i have to switch the way yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00562-00163679-00163943 okay you're ready yep
wVClqa_jkuY-00563-00163944-00164383 adding some sierra
wVClqa_jkuY-00564-00164384-00164775 whoa hello
wVClqa_jkuY-00565-00164776-00165231 zoom out to see what's hit there yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00566-00165232-00165551 it's going on to the top now
wVClqa_jkuY-00567-00165552-00165854 so with the sea app it's completely
wVClqa_jkuY-00568-00165855-00166454 doing a different thing
wVClqa_jkuY-00569-00166455-00166599 i have
wVClqa_jkuY-00570-00166600-00166847 cf left in the balloon so it will
wVClqa_jkuY-00571-00166848-00167054 so i'll leave it like this for a minute
wVClqa_jkuY-00572-00167055-00167190 let's see what it does they might
wVClqa_jkuY-00573-00167191-00167487 consume the gas that it has and well
wVClqa_jkuY-00574-00167488-00167799 cf is a chemical solution it's a
wVClqa_jkuY-00575-00167800-00167943 chemical
wVClqa_jkuY-00576-00167944-00168071 gas
wVClqa_jkuY-00577-00168072-00168326 the plasma will rip it apart yeah and
wVClqa_jkuY-00578-00168327-00168502 then it'll be carbon and fluorine but
wVClqa_jkuY-00579-00168503-00168702 fluorine is a
wVClqa_jkuY-00580-00168703-00168935 it is is it the gas
wVClqa_jkuY-00581-00168936-00169087 chloride gas
wVClqa_jkuY-00582-00169088-00169390 so now there's fluorine in the tank
wVClqa_jkuY-00583-00169391-00170390 the carbon is is gone
wVClqa_jkuY-00584-00170391-00170766 i put butane in the tank before and then
wVClqa_jkuY-00585-00170767-00171038 i get
wVClqa_jkuY-00586-00171039-00171254 maybe ten double layers
wVClqa_jkuY-00587-00171255-00171559 all over the tank
wVClqa_jkuY-00588-00171560-00171823 and then after a while it breaks down
wVClqa_jkuY-00589-00171824-00172038 plasma will break the chemical
wVClqa_jkuY-00590-00172039-00172207 structure well it's really doing
wVClqa_jkuY-00591-00172208-00172399 something interesting here it's starting
wVClqa_jkuY-00592-00172400-00172766 to
wVClqa_jkuY-00593-00172767-00172911 it's really taking an interest in
wVClqa_jkuY-00594-00172912-00173278 whatever that is which is a bit of the
wVClqa_jkuY-00595-00173279-00173423 grass
wVClqa_jkuY-00596-00173424-00173751 probably
wVClqa_jkuY-00597-00173752-00174135 it seems to be
wVClqa_jkuY-00598-00174136-00174319 it's lying there it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00599-00174320-00174478 like the same it's like a little
wVClqa_jkuY-00600-00174479-00174702 seahorse a dragon or something yeah it
wVClqa_jkuY-00601-00174703-00174831 looks like it
wVClqa_jkuY-00602-00174832-00174959 well
wVClqa_jkuY-00603-00174960-00175335 the plasma has to uh have the
wVClqa_jkuY-00604-00175336-00175575 effects to blow up
wVClqa_jkuY-00605-00175576-00175790 brass structures into
wVClqa_jkuY-00606-00175791-00175959 porous material
wVClqa_jkuY-00607-00175960-00176183 this is what it looks like
wVClqa_jkuY-00608-00176184-00176654 it's kind of blown up
wVClqa_jkuY-00609-00176655-00177014 and you see the rest of the
wVClqa_jkuY-00610-00177015-00177326 bolt in the in the on the anode it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00611-00177327-00177423 also
wVClqa_jkuY-00612-00177424-00177526 strange
wVClqa_jkuY-00613-00177527-00179238 it's not not the bolt anymore
wVClqa_jkuY-00614-00179239-00179535 let's do another a little bit cf
wVClqa_jkuY-00615-00179536-00180119 let's see what's happening
wVClqa_jkuY-00616-00180120-00180878 whoa sparks flew
wVClqa_jkuY-00617-00180879-00181054 sparks
wVClqa_jkuY-00618-00181055-00181407 ah i have to
wVClqa_jkuY-00619-00181408-00181863 get a little
wVClqa_jkuY-00620-00181864-00181983 now i have to
wVClqa_jkuY-00621-00181984-00182390 punk again because i can hear yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00622-00182391-00182566 the
wVClqa_jkuY-00623-00182567-00182726 adding gas
wVClqa_jkuY-00624-00182727-00182919 maybe residual air coming in because
wVClqa_jkuY-00625-00182920-00183095 there's still a little leak but there's
wVClqa_jkuY-00626-00183096-00183295 a lot of sparks going on now which we
wVClqa_jkuY-00627-00183296-00183511 weren't seeing at all before
wVClqa_jkuY-00628-00183512-00183966 whoa hold on a minute
wVClqa_jkuY-00629-00183967-00184214 well this also happens when you're on
wVClqa_jkuY-00630-00184215-00184702 the end of let's say
wVClqa_jkuY-00631-00184703-00184935 this moment when there is too much air
wVClqa_jkuY-00632-00184936-00185166 in the tank
wVClqa_jkuY-00633-00185167-00185551 the plasma becomes stronger
wVClqa_jkuY-00634-00185552-00185735 the discharges or whatever becomes
wVClqa_jkuY-00635-00185736-00185919 stronger and
wVClqa_jkuY-00636-00185920-00186302 more of these debris will be seen
wVClqa_jkuY-00637-00186303-00186519 or whatever it is i'm going to brighten
wVClqa_jkuY-00638-00186520-00186766 this up
wVClqa_jkuY-00639-00186767-00186966 give an idea
wVClqa_jkuY-00640-00186967-00187238 i'm going to make this how more like you
wVClqa_jkuY-00641-00187239-00187543 would see with your eyes so this
wVClqa_jkuY-00642-00187544-00187943 kind of thing it is a big bloom
wVClqa_jkuY-00643-00187944-00189326 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00644-00189327-00189554 so there's an early game over for me
wVClqa_jkuY-00645-00189555-00189831 [Music]
wVClqa_jkuY-00646-00189832-00189999 well i'm going to take a few high high
wVClqa_jkuY-00647-00190000-00190263 speed photography well a little hydrogen
wVClqa_jkuY-00648-00190264-00190431 maybe for the film
wVClqa_jkuY-00649-00190432-00190543 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00650-00190544-00191231 yeah maybe let's let's see i can uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00651-00191232-00191911 ready
wVClqa_jkuY-00652-00191912-00192119 and there we go a little bit of hydrogen
wVClqa_jkuY-00653-00192120-00192247 and
wVClqa_jkuY-00654-00192248-00192438 we have the
wVClqa_jkuY-00655-00192439-00193071 structures forming here
wVClqa_jkuY-00656-00193072-00193254 it is striking what happens when you do
wVClqa_jkuY-00657-00193255-00193454 that
wVClqa_jkuY-00658-00193455-00193647 that's why i like hydrogen
wVClqa_jkuY-00659-00193648-00193807 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00660-00193808-00193975 so i'm going to adjust this so that we
wVClqa_jkuY-00661-00193976-00194687 can look into the plasma
wVClqa_jkuY-00662-00194688-00195071 and we're going to do
wVClqa_jkuY-00663-00195072-00195478 that and we're going to do this
wVClqa_jkuY-00664-00195479-00195847 take that to say 1 400th of a second
wVClqa_jkuY-00665-00195848-00197463 and change that back a bit
wVClqa_jkuY-00666-00197464-00197566 three
wVClqa_jkuY-00667-00197567-00197702 hey
wVClqa_jkuY-00668-00197703-00197983 it seems that it's blowing off the
wVClqa_jkuY-00669-00197984-00198071 dirt
wVClqa_jkuY-00670-00198072-00199631 maybe yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00671-00199632-00199871 and then i'm curious what trajectory it
wVClqa_jkuY-00672-00199872-00200607 takes
wVClqa_jkuY-00673-00200608-00200807 and what's interesting the dirt has been
wVClqa_jkuY-00674-00200808-00201031 growing like something
wVClqa_jkuY-00675-00201032-00201214 onto the
wVClqa_jkuY-00676-00201215-00203719 whole thick layer
wVClqa_jkuY-00677-00203720-00204054 so 1 3
wVClqa_jkuY-00678-00204055-00204190 2
wVClqa_jkuY-00679-00204191-00204359 200 of a second
wVClqa_jkuY-00680-00204360-00204695 and f 2.8
wVClqa_jkuY-00681-00204696-00204942 so this the glitchiness there is
wVClqa_jkuY-00682-00204944-00205134 actually to do with the sampling on the
wVClqa_jkuY-00683-00205135-00205310 camera because it's not a global shutter
wVClqa_jkuY-00684-00205311-00205566 and at this kind of specification it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00685-00205567-00205879 really stretching what it can do
wVClqa_jkuY-00687-00209056-00209366 okay so i'm going to come out of that
wVClqa_jkuY-00688-00209367-00211471 and go the other way
wVClqa_jkuY-00689-00211471-00212142 mm-hmm
wVClqa_jkuY-00690-00212144-00212334 and what i'm going to do now is i'm
wVClqa_jkuY-00691-00212335-00212510 going to just take some high speed
wVClqa_jkuY-00692-00212511-00212694 photography
wVClqa_jkuY-00693-00212696-00212798 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00694-00212800-00215775 maybe with a little bit more light
wVClqa_jkuY-00695-00215776-00216006 really got a lot of great i would expect
wVClqa_jkuY-00696-00216007-00216206 this is uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00697-00216207-00216423 some
wVClqa_jkuY-00698-00216423-00216631 i don't know is it is it carbide
wVClqa_jkuY-00699-00216632-00216831 tungsten carbide is it
wVClqa_jkuY-00700-00216832-00216927 uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00701-00216928-00217255 tungsten oxide it's probably
wVClqa_jkuY-00702-00217256-00217479 negative ions being attracted to the
wVClqa_jkuY-00703-00217480-00217742 anode and just clustering there
wVClqa_jkuY-00704-00217744-00217991 it for me it's just a crystallization
wVClqa_jkuY-00705-00217992-00218406 type of process or whatever but
wVClqa_jkuY-00706-00218407-00218623 it's really lumpy
wVClqa_jkuY-00707-00218623-00218863 yeah well this is always the great
wVClqa_jkuY-00708-00218864-00219119 the problem with an analog
wVClqa_jkuY-00709-00219119-00219519 then it gets dirty also
wVClqa_jkuY-00710-00219519-00219831 it's blown up isn't it
wVClqa_jkuY-00711-00219832-00220063 but this is really dirty
wVClqa_jkuY-00712-00220064-00220310 it's really dirty it's like a piece of
wVClqa_jkuY-00713-00220311-00220415 coral
wVClqa_jkuY-00714-00220416-00220510 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00715-00220511-00220646 this is
wVClqa_jkuY-00716-00220648-00220967 uh to be honest new for me so i'm very
wVClqa_jkuY-00717-00220967-00221167 curious what it looks like under the
wVClqa_jkuY-00718-00221167-00221710 microscope or even further on
wVClqa_jkuY-00719-00221711-00221975 it's a lovely image though isn't it
wVClqa_jkuY-00720-00221976-00222071 there
wVClqa_jkuY-00721-00222071-00222494 what a pleasure
wVClqa_jkuY-00722-00222496-00222758 yeah indeed what
wVClqa_jkuY-00723-00222759-00223087 it's always a pleasure to uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00724-00223088-00223358 to hang around to think and see what's
wVClqa_jkuY-00725-00223359-00223598 what it's doing yeah sometimes it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00726-00223600-00223775 boring you walk away you come back an
wVClqa_jkuY-00727-00223776-00223975 hour later what did it do whilst i was
wVClqa_jkuY-00728-00223976-00224119 away yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00729-00224119-00224423 how did it get like that now it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00730-00224423-00224646 like we started this experiment it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00731-00224648-00224927 still it's in the same place yeah and
wVClqa_jkuY-00732-00224928-00225142 i've seen it all over the place but
wVClqa_jkuY-00733-00225144-00225358 now it doesn't want to go look at that
wVClqa_jkuY-00734-00225359-00226071 it's like a screensaver over
wVClqa_jkuY-00735-00226071-00226191 this is a
wVClqa_jkuY-00736-00226192-00226367 as long as as long as you're not
wVClqa_jkuY-00737-00226367-00226527 epileptic for those people that are
wVClqa_jkuY-00738-00226528-00226767 epileptic out there please look away
wVClqa_jkuY-00739-00226767-00226894 i'm sorry
wVClqa_jkuY-00740-00226896-00227206 this wasn't intentional
wVClqa_jkuY-00741-00227207-00227558 that's lovely look at that
wVClqa_jkuY-00742-00227559-00227791 so the pressure's going down i guess so
wVClqa_jkuY-00743-00227792-00228134 it's changing mode
wVClqa_jkuY-00744-00228135-00228542 yeah i do oh that would be nice yes yes
wVClqa_jkuY-00745-00228544-00228703 we're basically done
wVClqa_jkuY-00746-00228704-00229006 my alarm's gone off thank you very much
wVClqa_jkuY-00747-00229007-00229127 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00748-00229128-00229239 it's some
wVClqa_jkuY-00749-00229240-00229534 cold fries now food let's let's let's go
wVClqa_jkuY-00750-00229535-00229679 and have something to eat let me just
wVClqa_jkuY-00751-00229680-00229951 switch this over to camera mode
wVClqa_jkuY-00752-00229952-00230142 film mode
wVClqa_jkuY-00753-00230144-00230342 and i will
wVClqa_jkuY-00754-00230344-00230446 take a
wVClqa_jkuY-00755-00230448-00230591 quick shot
wVClqa_jkuY-00756-00230592-00230863 really
wVClqa_jkuY-00757-00230864-00231215 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00758-00231216-00233967 um
wVClqa_jkuY-00760-00237856-00238175 yeah sometimes it doesn't matter
wVClqa_jkuY-00761-00238176-00238398 the transformer gets 100 degrees now and
wVClqa_jkuY-00762-00238400-00238742 then so
wVClqa_jkuY-00763-00238744-00239182 i can smell it yes
wVClqa_jkuY-00764-00239183-00239382 but you can smell the tank also because
wVClqa_jkuY-00765-00239383-00239682 the temperatures have gone up to
wVClqa_jkuY-00766-00239683-00239855 96.4
wVClqa_jkuY-00767-00239856-00240063 on the bottom
wVClqa_jkuY-00768-00240064-00240351 and
wVClqa_jkuY-00769-00240352-00240575 you have to feel the tank
wVClqa_jkuY-00770-00240576-00240782 you have to feel it
wVClqa_jkuY-00771-00240783-00241006 yeah it's warm yeah yeah really yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00772-00241007-00241303 it's lovely
wVClqa_jkuY-00773-00241304-00241534 was that was that the uh yeah touched
wVClqa_jkuY-00774-00241535-00241887 attack you have to touch the thing
wVClqa_jkuY-00775-00241888-00242119 the proof is it's safe you're still here
wVClqa_jkuY-00776-00242119-00242255 i'm still here
wVClqa_jkuY-00777-00242256-00242551 at least for now well
wVClqa_jkuY-00778-00242552-00242758 i'm if i don't go soon i'll be staying
wVClqa_jkuY-00779-00242759-00243087 stuck here
wVClqa_jkuY-00780-00243088-00243375 i'll become a feature in his dungeon
wVClqa_jkuY-00781-00243376-00243510 look at that it's lovely going over
wVClqa_jkuY-00782-00243511-00243606 there isn't it
wVClqa_jkuY-00783-00243607-00243919 i take some chains and uh
wVClqa_jkuY-00784-00243919-00244271 yeah no i wasn't serious hank
wVClqa_jkuY-00785-00244271-00244623 it wasn't an offer yeah seriously
wVClqa_jkuY-00786-00244623-00244798 run away
wVClqa_jkuY-00787-00244800-00244951 look at that that's lovely now it's
wVClqa_jkuY-00788-00244952-00245246 eating but on a different place yeah now
wVClqa_jkuY-00789-00245248-00245606 my pipes will be clean soon
wVClqa_jkuY-00790-00245607-00245798 i think uh we'll leave it on there for a
wVClqa_jkuY-00791-00245800-00246127 minute
wVClqa_jkuY-00792-00246128-00246263 oh it's going in
wVClqa_jkuY-00793-00246264-00246527 it's going deeper in the moon
wVClqa_jkuY-00794-00246528-00246879 and i so it's it's creating its uh his
wVClqa_jkuY-00795-00246880-00247134 home
wVClqa_jkuY-00796-00247135-00247439 but it's two iron pipes so it's not that
wVClqa_jkuY-00797-00247440-00247575 it has to
wVClqa_jkuY-00798-00247576-00247775 that it can consume very much inside
wVClqa_jkuY-00799-00247776-00248055 there no
wVClqa_jkuY-00800-00248056-00250063 okay
wVClqa_jkuY-00801-00250064-00251446 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00802-00251448-00252798 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00804-00259944-00262671 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00806-00266824-00268239 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00808-00272488-00273782 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00809-00273783-00275327 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00810-00275328-00278127 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00811-00278128-00280806 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00812-00280807-00282319 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00815-00297192-00299023 okay
wVClqa_jkuY-00816-00299024-00300975 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00817-00300976-00301647 okay
wVClqa_jkuY-00819-00307304-00308975 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00820-00308976-00310247 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00821-00310248-00311639 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00824-00325600-00327887 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00825-00327888-00329399 okay
wVClqa_jkuY-00827-00335983-00338343 down
wVClqa_jkuY-00828-00338344-00339551 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00829-00339552-00340999 so
wVClqa_jkuY-00831-00344104-00344278 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00832-00344279-00344406 what have we got
wVClqa_jkuY-00833-00344407-00344887 oh it's settled down a bit
wVClqa_jkuY-00834-00344888-00345078 it's more of a
wVClqa_jkuY-00835-00345079-00345382 oh no hold on hold on hold on
wVClqa_jkuY-00836-00345383-00345615 it's a nice
wVClqa_jkuY-00837-00345616-00347871 thing up here
wVClqa_jkuY-00838-00347872-00348215 okay now it's not yellow anymore
wVClqa_jkuY-00839-00348216-00348358 yeah
wVClqa_jkuY-00840-00348359-00348558 okay all right
wVClqa_jkuY-00841-00348559-00348983 pick up your stuff the next video
wWSLb67ceP4-00000-00000064-00000399 this world spoke to the early thinkers
wWSLb67ceP4-00001-00000400-00000663 birds spoke to them animals spoke to
wWSLb67ceP4-00002-00000664-00000966 them the sun and the moon spoke to them
wWSLb67ceP4-00003-00000967-00001174 and little by little they realized
wWSLb67ceP4-00004-00001175-00001527 things and got into the heart of nature
wWSLb67ceP4-00005-00001528-00001767 not by cogitation not by the force of
wWSLb67ceP4-00006-00001768-00002047 logic not by picking the brains of
wWSLb67ceP4-00007-00002048-00002318 others and making a big book as is the
wWSLb67ceP4-00008-00002319-00002695 fashion in modern times not even as i do
wWSLb67ceP4-00009-00002696-00002950 by taking up one of their writings and
wWSLb67ceP4-00010-00002951-00003222 making a long lecture but by patient
wWSLb67ceP4-00011-00003223-00003470 investigation and discovery they found
wWSLb67ceP4-00012-00003471-00003638 out the truth
wWSLb67ceP4-00013-00003639-00003943 its essential method was practice and so
wWSLb67ceP4-00014-00003944-00004159 it must be always
wWSLb67ceP4-00015-00004160-00004447 religion is ever a practical science and
wWSLb67ceP4-00016-00004448-00004663 there never was nor will be any
wWSLb67ceP4-00017-00004664-00004863 theological religion
wWSLb67ceP4-00018-00004864-00005086 it is practice first and knowledge
wWSLb67ceP4-00019-00005087-00005384 afterwards
wYjvZOw-tWu-00000-00000451-00000730 for a man who hasn't had a hit single
wYjvZOw-tWu-00001-00000731-00000952 for more than 10 years there's still a
wYjvZOw-tWu-00002-00000953-00001358 lot of interest in George Michael he
wYjvZOw-tWu-00003-00001359-00001528 pleaded guilty to driving while under
wYjvZOw-tWu-00004-00001529-00001726 the influence of drugs and possessing
wYjvZOw-tWu-00005-00001727-00001984 cannabis it follows him crashing into a
wYjvZOw-tWu-00006-00001985-00002293 shop near his home in July the damage
wYjvZOw-tWu-00007-00002294-00002476 caused when he crashed his Range Rover
wYjvZOw-tWu-00008-00002477-00002672 into the front of the shops still hasn't
wYjvZOw-tWu-00009-00002673-00002846 been repaired when police officers
wYjvZOw-tWu-00010-00002847-00003065 arrived he didn't respond when he was
wYjvZOw-tWu-00011-00003066-00003235 asked to get out of the car at first
wYjvZOw-tWu-00012-00003236-00003497 when he did get out he was sweating and
wYjvZOw-tWu-00013-00003497-00003701 breathing heavily and when police
wYjvZOw-tWu-00014-00003702-00003895 officers told him that had crashed into
wYjvZOw-tWu-00015-00003896-00004193 the shop he says no no I haven't posted
wYjvZOw-tWu-00016-00004194-00004522 anything he blamed it on sleeping pills
wYjvZOw-tWu-00017-00004523-00004724 but admitted to smoking cannabis several
wYjvZOw-tWu-00018-00004725-00004963 hours before is the latest in a number
wYjvZOw-tWu-00019-00004964-00005170 of drug and driving offences and he
wYjvZOw-tWu-00020-00005171-00005516 could now face prison the judge told him
wYjvZOw-tWu-00021-00005517-00005752 I make it clear all options in respect
wYjvZOw-tWu-00022-00005753-00005999 of sentencing remain open including
wYjvZOw-tWu-00023-00006000-00006251 powers to imprison it's a serious matter
wYjvZOw-tWu-00024-00006252-00006491 you're driving with extremely poor and
wYjvZOw-tWu-00025-00006492-00006578 there was an accident
wYjvZOw-tWu-00026-00006579-00006796 there is also your conviction from three
wYjvZOw-tWu-00027-00006797-00007133 years ago that was after he was found
wYjvZOw-tWu-00028-00007134-00007339 slumped at the wheel of his car he was
wYjvZOw-tWu-00029-00007340-00007531 banned for two years in order to do a
wYjvZOw-tWu-00030-00007533-00007723 hundred hours community service
wYjvZOw-tWu-00031-00007723-00008167 he was also cautioned in 2008 in 2006
wYjvZOw-tWu-00032-00008168-00008433 for possessing Class A and
wYjvZOw-tWu-00033-00008434-00009036 I'd say that it was odds on that
wYjvZOw-tWu-00034-00009037-00009294 custodia
wYjvZOw-tWu-00035-00009295-00009587 could be anything from
wYjvZOw-tWu-00036-00009588-00009850 of weeks to
wYjvZOw-tWu-00037-00009851-00009999 you
wYjvZOw-tWu-00038-00010000-00010339 [Applause]
wYjvZOw-tWu-00039-00010340-00010616 to him driving bounces
wYjvZOw-tWu-00040-00010617-00010910 des someone else was at the wheel he'll
wYjvZOw-tWu-00041-00010911-00011160 be sentenced on September the forty
wYjvZOw-tWu-00042-00011161-00011619 Briona Needham Sky News in hamsters
wba6gWNbdGu-00000-00000056-00000330 molecular neurobiology is a bi-monthly
wba6gWNbdGu-00001-00000331-00000551 peer-reviewed scientific journal
wba6gWNbdGu-00002-00000552-00000730 covering all aspects of molecular
wba6gWNbdGu-00003-00000731-00001124 neuroscience it was established in 1987
wba6gWNbdGu-00004-00001125-00001358 and is published by Springer science +
wba6gWNbdGu-00005-00001359-00001655 business media the editor-in-chief is
wba6gWNbdGu-00006-00001655-00001942 Nicholas G bazan LSU Health Sciences
wba6gWNbdGu-00007-00001943-00002800 Center New Orleans topic abstracting and
wba6gWNbdGu-00008-00002801-00003377 indexing the journal is extracted and
wba6gWNbdGu-00009-00003378-00003668 indexed in according to the journal
wba6gWNbdGu-00010-00003669-00003965 citation reports the journal has a 20-17
wba6gWNbdGu-00011-00003965-00004511 impact factor of 507 6
wc97hiAlbf0-00000-00000071-00000351 this question is from sheikha reddy
wc97hiAlbf0-00001-00000352-00000574 sadhguru it seems like it is a time for
wc97hiAlbf0-00002-00000575-00000751 prophecies
wc97hiAlbf0-00003-00000752-00000878 while many are referring to the
wc97hiAlbf0-00004-00000880-00001183 foretelling of putluri veer brahman
wc97hiAlbf0-00005-00001184-00001383 a saint and seer from andhra who wrote
wc97hiAlbf0-00006-00001384-00001655 about corona in his
wc97hiAlbf0-00007-00001655-00001782 others are referring to french
wc97hiAlbf0-00008-00001784-00002055 apothecary astrologer and seer
wc97hiAlbf0-00009-00002056-00002310 michelle d nostradamus what is your
wc97hiAlbf0-00010-00002311-00002695 comment on such predictions
wc97hiAlbf0-00011-00002696-00002879 wonderful these predictions are
wc97hiAlbf0-00012-00002880-00003063 wonderful but they always happen after
wc97hiAlbf0-00013-00003064-00003719 the event has occurred
wc97hiAlbf0-00014-00003720-00003927 so all these people who are reading all
wc97hiAlbf0-00015-00003928-00004031 these prophecies
wc97hiAlbf0-00016-00004032-00004183 why couldn't they prevent it if they
wc97hiAlbf0-00017-00004184-00004406 knew beforehand
wc97hiAlbf0-00018-00004407-00004622 if you know beforehand and if you do not
wc97hiAlbf0-00019-00004623-00004847 prevent a pandemic
wc97hiAlbf0-00020-00004848-00005231 that's called a crime of the worst kind
wc97hiAlbf0-00021-00005232-00005683 so it is a human
wc97hiAlbf0-00022-00005684-00006054 fad that they want to have a scope into
wc97hiAlbf0-00023-00006055-00006367 the future
wc97hiAlbf0-00024-00006368-00006583 isn't it wonderful you don't know what
wc97hiAlbf0-00025-00006584-00006831 will happen next
wc97hiAlbf0-00026-00006831-00007319 otherwise could you live
wc97hiAlbf0-00027-00007320-00007751 so uh there are a whole lot of people
wc97hiAlbf0-00028-00007752-00007951 astrologers are attacking me all over
wc97hiAlbf0-00029-00007952-00008019 the place
wc97hiAlbf0-00030-00008020-00008310 [Laughter]
wc97hiAlbf0-00031-00008311-00009078 because i am not good for their business
wc97hiAlbf0-00032-00009079-00009631 so
wc97hiAlbf0-00033-00009632-00010142 a human being is the peak of evolution
wc97hiAlbf0-00034-00010143-00010527 on this planet
wc97hiAlbf0-00035-00010528-00010903 from the lowest level of creatures to
wc97hiAlbf0-00036-00010904-00011359 as you come you will see
wc97hiAlbf0-00037-00011360-00011670 they become less and less available
wc97hiAlbf0-00038-00011671-00012151 to the influences around them
wc97hiAlbf0-00039-00012152-00012519 let us say there is an earthworm
wc97hiAlbf0-00040-00012520-00012894 if something changes here
wc97hiAlbf0-00041-00012895-00013199 he will die he's not going to
wc97hiAlbf0-00042-00013200-00013407 take a swim and go to africa and live
wc97hiAlbf0-00043-00013408-00013663 there
wc97hiAlbf0-00044-00013663-00014022 or he's not even going to go 10 miles
wc97hiAlbf0-00045-00014023-00014199 away and live there
wc97hiAlbf0-00046-00014200-00014455 he will die because that's how much
wc97hiAlbf0-00047-00014456-00014607 capability he has
wc97hiAlbf0-00048-00014608-00014903 if this terrain or if his habitat goes
wc97hiAlbf0-00049-00014904-00015015 bad
wc97hiAlbf0-00050-00015016-00015294 there is nothing he can do this is why
wc97hiAlbf0-00051-00015295-00015455 we've been talking about
wc97hiAlbf0-00052-00015456-00015783 rejuvenating the soil because these
wc97hiAlbf0-00053-00015784-00016030 microbes and worms which are vital
wc97hiAlbf0-00054-00016031-00016391 for our survival they will not migrate
wc97hiAlbf0-00055-00016392-00016622 somewhere else
wc97hiAlbf0-00056-00016623-00016883 they do not have the capability of a
wc97hiAlbf0-00057-00016884-00017119 corona
wc97hiAlbf0-00058-00017120-00017415 corona doesn't have the capability it is
wc97hiAlbf0-00059-00017416-00017479 just that
wc97hiAlbf0-00060-00017480-00017847 you are providing free transport
wc97hiAlbf0-00061-00017848-00018175 human beings the most mobile creatures
wc97hiAlbf0-00062-00018176-00018294 on the planet
wc97hiAlbf0-00063-00018295-00018830 or providing transport our mobility
wc97hiAlbf0-00064-00018831-00019158 if we do not
wc97hiAlbf0-00065-00019159-00019471 make it little more conscious nature
wc97hiAlbf0-00066-00019472-00019607 will control it see right now it's
wc97hiAlbf0-00067-00019608-00019967 happened we can't move
wc97hiAlbf0-00068-00019968-00020383 this happened this was in los angeles
wc97hiAlbf0-00069-00020384-00020686 a hot shot corporate
wc97hiAlbf0-00070-00020687-00021143 ceo had a pretty secretary
wc97hiAlbf0-00071-00021144-00021630 this is in early 20th century
wc97hiAlbf0-00072-00021631-00022143 since then much has changed
wc97hiAlbf0-00073-00022144-00022599 so he said i'm going for a weekend
wc97hiAlbf0-00074-00022600-00022822 in palm springs why don't you come with
wc97hiAlbf0-00075-00022823-00022983 me
wc97hiAlbf0-00076-00022984-00023407 she said i know i'm your typewriter
wc97hiAlbf0-00077-00023408-00024150 but i'm not portable
wc97hiAlbf0-00078-00024151-00024463 your portability needs to become little
wc97hiAlbf0-00079-00024464-00024767 more conscious
wc97hiAlbf0-00080-00024768-00025150 it is human mobility which has empowered
wc97hiAlbf0-00081-00025151-00025463 the virus the way it has
wc97hiAlbf0-00082-00025464-00025727 if this had happened thousand years ago
wc97hiAlbf0-00083-00025727-00025902 where there was no air travel
wc97hiAlbf0-00084-00025904-00026255 no much sea travel all this
wc97hiAlbf0-00085-00026256-00026518 then it would have been just there
wc97hiAlbf0-00086-00026519-00026774 wherever it happened
wc97hiAlbf0-00087-00026775-00027023 on or wherever it happened it would have
wc97hiAlbf0-00088-00027024-00027199 been just around there maybe
wc97hiAlbf0-00089-00027200-00027414 adjacent villages something and it would
wc97hiAlbf0-00090-00027416-00027639 have died out
wc97hiAlbf0-00091-00027639-00027918 but because human beings have become so
wc97hiAlbf0-00092-00027919-00028111 mobile
wc97hiAlbf0-00093-00028112-00028335 today they're in china tomorrow morning
wc97hiAlbf0-00094-00028336-00028551 they're in italy next day morning they
wc97hiAlbf0-00095-00028552-00028702 are in
wc97hiAlbf0-00096-00028704-00029023 united states or wherever because of
wc97hiAlbf0-00097-00029024-00029070 this
wc97hiAlbf0-00098-00029072-00029431 seamless mobility suddenly corona has
wc97hiAlbf0-00099-00029432-00029535 taken on a
wc97hiAlbf0-00100-00029536-00029839 huge form by itself
wc97hiAlbf0-00101-00029839-00030167 it would not have
wc97hiAlbf0-00102-00030168-00030883 because it needs you
wc97hiAlbf0-00103-00030883-00031062 so
wc97hiAlbf0-00104-00031063-00031462 this this
wc97hiAlbf0-00105-00031463-00031767 urge to always
wc97hiAlbf0-00106-00031768-00032167 predict something
wc97hiAlbf0-00107-00032168-00032455 there was a man he is no more there was
wc97hiAlbf0-00108-00032456-00032502 a man
wc97hiAlbf0-00109-00032503-00032823 like this in tamil nadu
wc97hiAlbf0-00110-00032824-00033174 he predicted 500 years later
wc97hiAlbf0-00111-00033175-00033759 there will be a big flood in tamil nadu
wc97hiAlbf0-00112-00033760-00033959 i said that's wonderful people came and
wc97hiAlbf0-00113-00033960-00034111 asked me said what do you think 500
wc97hiAlbf0-00114-00034112-00034239 years later there's going to be a major
wc97hiAlbf0-00115-00034240-00034311 flood
wc97hiAlbf0-00116-00034312-00034471 i said that is why i am sitting at the
wc97hiAlbf0-00117-00034472-00034639 foothills in case the flood comes we
wc97hiAlbf0-00118-00034640-00034823 will go up the mountain
wc97hiAlbf0-00119-00034824-00035446 you are in chennai you will
wc97hiAlbf0-00120-00035447-00035727 i said yes but i can also make some
wc97hiAlbf0-00121-00035728-00035943 predictions
wc97hiAlbf0-00122-00035944-00036246 700 years later this hill is going to
wc97hiAlbf0-00123-00036247-00036518 become a volcano and blow
wc97hiAlbf0-00124-00036519-00036846 so what really i said see
wc97hiAlbf0-00125-00036847-00037062 700 years later i will not be there you
wc97hiAlbf0-00126-00037063-00037246 will not be there
wc97hiAlbf0-00127-00037247-00037574 we can predict whatever we want please
wc97hiAlbf0-00128-00037575-00037743 tell me what is going to happen in the
wc97hiAlbf0-00129-00037744-00038118 next five days
wc97hiAlbf0-00130-00038119-00038423 not even five months next five days
wc97hiAlbf0-00131-00038424-00038630 tell me what's going to happen this
wc97hiAlbf0-00132-00038631-00038911 could be useful
wc97hiAlbf0-00133-00038912-00039167 like a meteorological report if you tell
wc97hiAlbf0-00134-00039168-00039302 me what's going to happen in the next
wc97hiAlbf0-00135-00039303-00039479 five days
wc97hiAlbf0-00136-00039480-00039799 it would be of some use
wc97hiAlbf0-00137-00039800-00040135 500 years later
wc97hiAlbf0-00138-00040136-00040543 anything can happen and of course
wc97hiAlbf0-00139-00040544-00040718 people have such a fad about these
wc97hiAlbf0-00140-00040719-00040951 things they will adjust the time and the
wc97hiAlbf0-00141-00040952-00041095 prediction
wc97hiAlbf0-00142-00041096-00041271 just about everything that can ever
wc97hiAlbf0-00143-00041272-00041439 happen on this planet has already been
wc97hiAlbf0-00144-00041440-00041943 said by nostradamus
wc97hiAlbf0-00145-00041944-00042279 i'm not a french you know i'm not
wc97hiAlbf0-00146-00042280-00042446 conversant with french
wc97hiAlbf0-00147-00042447-00043055 but i like the word damas
wc97hiAlbf0-00148-00043056-00043207 in english language i don't know what it
wc97hiAlbf0-00149-00043208-00043518 means in french
wc97hiAlbf0-00150-00043519-00043902 so
wc97hiAlbf0-00151-00043903-00044079 this will go on and on people making
wc97hiAlbf0-00152-00044080-00044599 predictions always of the past
wc97hiAlbf0-00153-00044600-00044879 well if you look at certain projection
wc97hiAlbf0-00154-00044880-00045111 of how populations are growing
wc97hiAlbf0-00155-00045112-00045311 how things are happening what kind of
wc97hiAlbf0-00156-00045312-00045535 ecological damage is happening
wc97hiAlbf0-00157-00045536-00045743 you can make some calculation and
wc97hiAlbf0-00158-00045744-00045951 predict something
wc97hiAlbf0-00159-00045952-00046183 that in this trajectory if you go this
wc97hiAlbf0-00160-00046184-00046318 is what you will hit
wc97hiAlbf0-00161-00046319-00046662 we can say that
wc97hiAlbf0-00162-00046663-00046895 but 500 years of trajectory is a
wc97hiAlbf0-00163-00046896-00047158 different matter
wc97hiAlbf0-00164-00047159-00047407 because we do not know what all forces
wc97hiAlbf0-00165-00047408-00047679 will influence things
wc97hiAlbf0-00166-00047680-00048015 people say you know after the
wc97hiAlbf0-00167-00048016-00048255 world war is over they say we we knew
wc97hiAlbf0-00168-00048256-00048374 this is going to happen
wc97hiAlbf0-00169-00048375-00048695 you know somewhere it is written after
wc97hiAlbf0-00170-00048696-00048815 the nuclear bombs
wc97hiAlbf0-00171-00048816-00049102 atomic bombs were dropped people say we
wc97hiAlbf0-00172-00049103-00049302 knew about this two ugly spots will
wc97hiAlbf0-00173-00049303-00049358 happen
wc97hiAlbf0-00174-00049359-00049743 in the world what about the test
wc97hiAlbf0-00175-00049744-00049990 explosions you missed all of them you
wc97hiAlbf0-00176-00049991-00050135 don't know how many hundreds of tests
wc97hiAlbf0-00177-00050136-00050327 have been done
wc97hiAlbf0-00178-00050328-00050751 maybe human beings did not die i'm sure
wc97hiAlbf0-00179-00050752-00051095 a whole lot of creatures have died
wc97hiAlbf0-00180-00051096-00051407 so this is a wasteful thing instead of
wc97hiAlbf0-00181-00051408-00051623 doing what you have to do now
wc97hiAlbf0-00182-00051624-00051982 actively you go on talking about how we
wc97hiAlbf0-00183-00051983-00052390 already knew
wc97hiAlbf0-00184-00052391-00052607 there are two problems right now with
wc97hiAlbf0-00185-00052608-00052823 coronavirus
wc97hiAlbf0-00186-00052824-00053303 like somebody said
wc97hiAlbf0-00187-00053304-00053607 it is dense population and
wc97hiAlbf0-00188-00053608-00054150 dense population
wc97hiAlbf0-00189-00054151-00054423 we are already a dense population don't
wc97hiAlbf0-00190-00054424-00054742 also be dense up here
wc97hiAlbf0-00191-00054744-00054926 let's do what best we can do don't
wc97hiAlbf0-00192-00054927-00055238 predict how many people will die
wc97hiAlbf0-00193-00055239-00055647 it's just stupid how many people we will
wc97hiAlbf0-00194-00055648-00055775 not let them die
wc97hiAlbf0-00195-00055776-00056284 this is important
wc97hiAlbf0-00196-00056285-00057330 [Music]
wc97hiAlbf0-00197-00057332-00057632 ah
wcDKJy0c9rE-00000-00000024-00000487 i'm cherry hall i bought a house
wcDKJy0c9rE-00001-00000488-00000743 that had a beautiful view of a green
wcDKJy0c9rE-00002-00000744-00000983 belt except that there was no view
wcDKJy0c9rE-00003-00000984-00001279 because the windows were so fond and
wcDKJy0c9rE-00004-00001280-00001550 just they got worse
wcDKJy0c9rE-00005-00001551-00001734 uh each of the years that i've lived
wcDKJy0c9rE-00006-00001735-00001951 here
wcDKJy0c9rE-00007-00001952-00002207 and so i have to have a new life
wcDKJy0c9rE-00008-00002208-00002487 my my children because i'm i'm a single
wcDKJy0c9rE-00009-00002488-00002726 parent my four boys told me that i
wcDKJy0c9rE-00010-00002727-00002999 should have at least three estimates
wcDKJy0c9rE-00011-00003000-00003191 and so i had one
wcDKJy0c9rE-00012-00003192-00003527 company come out and i sat through the
wcDKJy0c9rE-00013-00003528-00003759 terrible lecture
wcDKJy0c9rE-00014-00003760-00003967 and then he had the audacity to tell me
wcDKJy0c9rE-00015-00003968-00004199 if i made a decision that day
wcDKJy0c9rE-00016-00004200-00004551 that i would get a certain discount
wcDKJy0c9rE-00017-00004552-00005351 then i went to angie's list
wcDKJy0c9rE-00018-00005352-00005654 and called the owner and
wcDKJy0c9rE-00019-00005655-00005918 he sent me the information
wcDKJy0c9rE-00020-00005919-00006047 plus
wcDKJy0c9rE-00021-00006048-00006286 he didn't want any money up front
wcDKJy0c9rE-00022-00006287-00006454 and how can you go wrong
wcDKJy0c9rE-00023-00006455-00006670 if somebody doesn't want you to pay them
wcDKJy0c9rE-00024-00006672-00006831 up front they're so sure of their
wcDKJy0c9rE-00025-00006831-00007103 product so sure of the installation i'm
wcDKJy0c9rE-00026-00007104-00007310 sure that you'll be satisfied they don't
wcDKJy0c9rE-00027-00007311-00007534 ask you for money
wcDKJy0c9rE-00028-00007536-00007759 so i went with them and i thrilled to
wcDKJy0c9rE-00029-00007759-00007870 death
wcDKJy0c9rE-00030-00007872-00008142 the view i have now with no fog windows
wcDKJy0c9rE-00031-00008143-00008463 is absolutely amazing the light
wcDKJy0c9rE-00032-00008464-00008623 it's really lifted my experience to have
wcDKJy0c9rE-00033-00008624-00008871 these with us but the windows are great
wcDKJy0c9rE-00034-00008872-00009159 they're easy to operate and i'm i don't
wcDKJy0c9rE-00035-00009160-00009351 know if anybody can tell on a video but
wcDKJy0c9rE-00036-00009352-00009678 i'm a fairly small woman 552 these are
wcDKJy0c9rE-00037-00009679-00009935 easy to uh operate they've shown me how
wcDKJy0c9rE-00038-00009936-00010142 to open them up so i don't have to worry
wcDKJy0c9rE-00039-00010143-00010367 about going outside they open right out
wcDKJy0c9rE-00040-00010368-00010542 so you can clean the outside of them
wcDKJy0c9rE-00041-00010543-00010783 clean the inside keeping this bright
wcDKJy0c9rE-00042-00010784-00010927 fresh
wcDKJy0c9rE-00043-00010928-00011319 sunlight and nature coming in
wcDKJy0c9rE-00044-00011320-00011487 i'm i'm really impressed with them i can
wcDKJy0c9rE-00045-00011488-00011742 hardly wait for my kids to see them
wcDKJy0c9rE-00046-00011743-00011927 i love the the
wcDKJy0c9rE-00047-00011928-00012135 demonstration that they gave to me where
wcDKJy0c9rE-00048-00012136-00012414 you close the window and it pops back up
wcDKJy0c9rE-00049-00012415-00012551 one thing
wcDKJy0c9rE-00050-00012552-00012735 that's kind of odd but
wcDKJy0c9rE-00051-00012736-00012991 it does that because there's a thing
wcDKJy0c9rE-00052-00012991-00013279 down there i'm not very technical but it
wcDKJy0c9rE-00053-00013280-00013535 seals it so you have to do that to get
wcDKJy0c9rE-00054-00013536-00013863 that perfect feel and there you go
wcDKJy0c9rE-00055-00013863-00014222 i am thrilled with my new windows
wcDKJy0c9rE-00056-00014223-00014383 pleased and happy
wcDKJy0c9rE-00057-00014384-00014599 my name is megan hatcher and my company
wcDKJy0c9rE-00058-00014600-00014830 is zen windows little rock
wcDKJy0c9rE-00059-00014831-00015030 do you want replacement windows what you
wcDKJy0c9rE-00060-00015031-00015311 want is a price right call me email me
wcDKJy0c9rE-00061-00015312-00015479 i'll give you that in as little as five
wcDKJy0c9rE-00062-00015480-00017150 minutes
wcDKJy0c9rE-00063-00017151-00017359 you
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00000-00000058-00000308 edamame is a preparation of immature
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00001-00000309-00000515 soybeans in the pod found in cuisines
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00002-00000516-00000800 with origins in East Asia the pods are
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00003-00000801-00000994 boiled or steamed and may be served with
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00004-00000996-00001298 salt in Japan they are usually blanched
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00005-00001299-00001483 in four percent salt water and not
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00006-00001484-00001714 served with salt when the beans are
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00007-00001716-00001922 outside the pond the term mukha mame and
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00008-00001923-00002147 edamame and Japanese are also sometimes
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00009-00002148-00002717 used
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00010-00002718-00003199 topic name
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00011-00003200-00003478 in Japan and Hong Kong the name edamame
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00012-00003479-00003697 is commonly used to refer to the dish
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00013-00003697-00004356 it literally means stem peas GE de
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00014-00004357-00005070 topic branch or stem plus domain
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00015-00005071-00005307 P because the beams were often sold
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00016-00005308-00005595 while still attached to the stem
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00017-00005596-00005854 in China Mao do is used commonly to
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00018-00005855-00006034 refer to the dish which literally means
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00019-00006035-00006570 per piece Mao Mao
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00020-00006572-00007181 topic fur plus dodo
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00021-00007181-00007716 P
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00022-00007717-00008228 topic history
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00023-00008229-00008484 the earliest documented reference to the
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00024-00008485-00008862 term edamame dates from the year 1275
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00025-00008863-00009084 when the Japanese monk Nichiren wrote a
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00026-00009085-00009263 note thanking a parishioner for the gift
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00027-00009264-00009634 of edamame he had left at the temple in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00028-00009635-00009912 1406 during the Ming Dynasty in China
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00029-00009913-00010149 the leaves of the soybeans were even in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00030-00010150-00010319 during outbreaks of famine it was
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00031-00010320-00010488 recommended for citizens to eat the
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00032-00010489-00010664 beans whole or use them ground up and
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00033-00010665-00010964 added to flour years later in China in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00034-00010965-00011213 1620 they are referred to again but as
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00035-00011214-00011409 Mao do which translates to the term
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00036-00011410-00011705 hairy bean they are found in the records
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00037-00011706-00011880 of the rune and vegetable gardens and
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00038-00011881-00012080 stated as having a medicinal purpose as
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00039-00012081-00012383 well as being a snack food edamame
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00040-00012384-00012621 appeared in Hika verse in Japanese in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00041-00012622-00012996 the Edo period 1603 to 1868 with one
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00042-00012997-00013365 example as early as 1638 they were first
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00043-00013366-00013662 recognized in the United States in 1855
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00044-00013663-00013827 when a farmer commented on the
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00045-00013828-00013994 difficulties he had shelling them after
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00046-00013995-00014349 harvest in March 1923 the immature
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00047-00014350-00014577 soybean is first referred to in text in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00048-00014578-00014828 the United States in this book there
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00049-00014829-00015036 first pictured and shown as being eaten
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00050-00015037-00015281 out of open shell pods the first
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00051-00015282-00015450 nutritional facts about them are
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00052-00015451-00015653 published and some recipes are included
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00053-00015654-00015825 as they were a new type of vegetable to
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00054-00015826-00016106 the public the earliest recorded usage
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00055-00016107-00016305 in English of the word edamame is in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00056-00016306-00016606 1951 in the journal folklore studies
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00057-00016607-00016850 edamame appeared as a new term in the
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00058-00016851-00017144 oxford english dictionary in 2003 and in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00059-00017145-00017378 the merriam-webster dictionary in 2008
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00060-00017379-00017739 in 2008 the first soybeans grown in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00061-00017740-00017937 Europe were sold in grocery stores as
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00062-00017938-00018128 edamame and even as an alternative
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00063-00018129-00018719 source of protein
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00064-00018720-00019227 topic preparation
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00065-00019228-00019571 you
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00066-00019572-00020067 topic harvesting
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00067-00020068-00020316 edamame is typically harvested by hand
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00068-00020317-00020550 to avoid damaging the crops stems and
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00069-00020551-00020828 leaves green soybean pods are picked
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00070-00020829-00021086 before they fully ripen typically 35 to
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00071-00021087-00021338 40 days after the crop first flowers
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00072-00021339-00021581 soybeans harvested at this stage are
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00073-00021582-00021728 sweeter because they contain more
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00074-00021729-00021930 sucrose than soybeans picked later in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00075-00021931-00022161 the growing season other factors
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00076-00022162-00022386 contributing to edamames flavor include
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00077-00022387-00022650 free amino acids such as glutamic acid
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00078-00022651-00022938 aspartic acid and alanine often these
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00079-00022939-00023180 unbound amino acids decrease as the pods
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00080-00023181-00023814 fully expand and ripen
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00081-00023815-00024274 topic cooking
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00082-00024275-00024556 pods maybe boiled in water steamed or
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00083-00024557-00024778 microwaved the ends of the pod are
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00084-00024779-00024987 sometimes cut before boiling or steaming
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00085-00024988-00025273 the most common preparations use salt
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00086-00025274-00025438 for taste either dissolved in the
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00087-00025439-00025620 boiling water before introducing the
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00088-00025622-00025883 soybean pods or added after cooking
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00089-00025885-00026139 edamame is a popular side dish at
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00090-00026141-00026370 Japanese izakaya restaurants with local
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00091-00026372-00026583 varieties being in demand depending on
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00092-00026585-00026863 the season salt and garlic are typical
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00093-00026864-00027151 condiments for edamame in Japan a coarse
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00094-00027152-00027331 salt wet with brine is preferred on
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00095-00027332-00027989 beans eaten directly from the pod
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00096-00027991-00028474 topic storage
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00097-00028475-00028735 edamame purchased fresh is preferably
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00098-00028736-00028894 eaten the same day with flavor
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00099-00028895-00029110 degradation being noticeable in as few
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00100-00029111-00029277 as 10 hours after harvest
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00101-00029277-00029566 however fresh edamame will stay edible
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00102-00029567-00029722 for three days when stored in the
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00103-00029723-00030007 refrigerator damaged pods Brown more
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00104-00030008-00030238 rapidly however mainly due to the enzyme
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00105-00030239-00030556 polyphenol oxidase if stored fresh the
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00106-00030557-00030724 pods should be kept humid to prevent
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00107-00030725-00030982 discoloration and wilting this can be
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00108-00030983-00031162 accomplished by wrapping the pods in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00109-00031163-00031381 plastic or another material which traps
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00110-00031382-00031699 moisture freezing fresh edamame is
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00111-00031700-00031855 another option for maintaining good
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00112-00031856-00032170 quality over a few months fresh edamame
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00113-00032170-00032362 should be blanched first before being
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00114-00032363-00032881 frozen
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00115-00032882-00033445 topic nutrient content
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00116-00033446-00033655 the United States Department of
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00117-00033656-00033844 Agriculture states that edamame beans
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00118-00033845-00034117 are a soybean that can be eaten fresh
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00119-00034118-00034318 and are best known as a snack with a
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00120-00034319-00034648 nutritional punch edamame and other
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00121-00034649-00034852 preparations of soybeans are rich in
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00122-00034853-00035128 protein dietary fiber and micronutrients
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00123-00035129-00035395 particularly folate manganese phosphorus
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00124-00035396-00035638 and vitamin K table the balance of fatty
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00125-00035639-00036010 acids in 100 grams of edamame is 361
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00126-00036011-00036348 milligrams of omega-3 fatty acids to
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00127-00036349-00036682 1794 milligrams of omega-6 fatty acids
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00128-00036683-00036934 has a significant source of plant
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00129-00036935-00037162 protein edamame beans are under research
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00130-00037163-00037351 to establish whether a relationship
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00131-00037352-00037549 exists between soy consumption and
wd-1ga3ZUNg-00132-00037550-00037843 reduction of disease risk
weRlhg41bsy-00000-00000810-00001231 [Applause]
weRlhg41bsy-00001-00001232-00001449 [Music]
weRlhg41bsy-00002-00001450-00001763 but what would you say is the most
weRlhg41bsy-00003-00001764-00001964 influential thing that your parents
weRlhg41bsy-00005-00005421-00007998 bit but I think outside that the
weRlhg41bsy-00006-00008000-00008330 exterior aspects that make me look you
weRlhg41bsy-00007-00008331-00008728 know I was born tall and wise my mail
weRlhg41bsy-00008-00008729-00008899 and I mean like they're they're things
weRlhg41bsy-00009-00008900-00009152 obviously that I had some good fortune
weRlhg41bsy-00010-00009153-00009599 is being born the world we live in the
weRlhg41bsy-00011-00009600-00009917 country we live in is made for all one
weRlhg41bsy-00012-00009918-00010076 cuts yeah
weRlhg41bsy-00013-00010077-00010560 and I'm very grateful and aware that
weRlhg41bsy-00014-00010561-00011714 pull up pull up
weRlhg41bsy-00015-00011715-00012394 [Music]
weRlhg41bsy-00016-00012395-00012605 [Applause]
weRlhg41bsy-00017-00012606-00013686 outside of whatever
weRlhg41bsy-00018-00013687-00013841 [Applause]
weRlhg41bsy-00019-00013843-00014182 tell me that I should do the best I can
weRlhg41bsy-00020-00014183-00014449 like Mike my parents sacrifice the walk
weRlhg41bsy-00021-00014450-00014650 there in the room so it's Reardon's the
weRlhg41bsy-00022-00014651-00015085 question but they gave everything they
weRlhg41bsy-00023-00015086-00015391 get everything that they don't have the
weRlhg41bsy-00024-00015391-00015787 money I have they didn't have the good
weRlhg41bsy-00025-00015788-00016047 fortune I have or there were a thousand
weRlhg41bsy-00026-00016049-00016291 plus people looking at me but they gave
weRlhg41bsy-00027-00016291-00016609 more to me and to the world to my
weRlhg41bsy-00028-00016610-00016984 brother my sister and me and that's
weRlhg41bsy-00029-00016985-00017761 correct family and I know that so baby
weRlhg41bsy-00030-00017762-00018064 they gave every single ounce of their
weRlhg41bsy-00031-00018065-00018393 being to my brother my sister and me and
weRlhg41bsy-00032-00018394-00018961 I hope to do as much as similar job for
weRlhg41bsy-00033-00018962-00019313 my three children as possible
weRlhg41bsy-00034-00019314-00019852 [Applause]
weRlhg41bsy-00035-00019853-00020434 sorry ladies gentlemen looks like we
weRlhg41bsy-00036-00020435-00022060 will be way ahead of schedule I will I
weRlhg41bsy-00037-00022061-00022297 could I could give you a laundry list of
weRlhg41bsy-00038-00022298-00022606 things that I hope to emulate to my
weRlhg41bsy-00039-00022607-00022999 children that was impressed upon me as a
weRlhg41bsy-00040-00023000-00023314 child and a young adult I was I will
weRlhg41bsy-00041-00023315-00023479 just pick one from that very long list
weRlhg41bsy-00042-00023480-00023707 and that is the gift of laughter that
weRlhg41bsy-00043-00023708-00024561 was there were always jokes
weRlhg41bsy-00044-00024562-00025347 Alvia pop good ones but but there was
weRlhg41bsy-00045-00025348-00025600 always it was constant laughter in the
weRlhg41bsy-00046-00025601-00025837 house and I hope to to raise my children
weRlhg41bsy-00047-00025838-00026316 in a house of equal laughter
weRlhg41bsy-00048-00026317-00026566 [Applause]
weRlhg41bsy-00049-00026567-00026773 you
wfp1RdPgBjk-00000-00000057-00000112 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00001-00000114-00000243 foreign
wfp1RdPgBjk-00002-00000244-00001823 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00004-00005100-00005578 thank you
wfp1RdPgBjk-00005-00005579-00007169 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00006-00007170-00007240 foreign
wfp1RdPgBjk-00007-00007241-00009219 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00008-00009220-00010505 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00009-00010506-00010841 thank you
wfp1RdPgBjk-00011-00014006-00014291 thank you
wfp1RdPgBjk-00012-00014291-00014396 foreign
wfp1RdPgBjk-00013-00014397-00015675 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00014-00015676-00017031 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00015-00017032-00017153 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00016-00017154-00017443 foreign
wfp1RdPgBjk-00017-00017444-00018951 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00018-00018952-00020093 [Music]
wfp1RdPgBjk-00019-00020094-00020276 thank you
wfp1RdPgBjk-00020-00020277-00020781 [Music]
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00000-00000000-00000284 hello we are shelf I'm Rachel this is
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00001-00000285-00000470 Ruby hello and we're doing a video for
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00002-00000471-00000659 new speaks about you because we've heard
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00003-00000660-00000794 that Britain has involved in a war in
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00004-00000795-00000998 Yemen I'm here like what doesn't sound
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00005-00000999-00001172 like Britain Oh Britain stays out of the
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00006-00001173-00001394 Middle East famously so we asked our
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00007-00001395-00001541 friends and family if they knew a bit
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00008-00001542-00001823 more about the situation in Yemen so
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00009-00001823-00002005 what do you think about the situation in
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00010-00002007-00002225 Yemen I don't know a lot about the
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00011-00002226-00002405 situation and I know they just started
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00012-00002406-00002608 mentioning in the fifties reason what do
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00013-00002609-00003015 you think of the situation in Yemen
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00014-00003016-00003975 what is the situation in Yemen
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00015-00003976-00004574 so the situation in Yemen
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00016-00004575-00004763 what do you think about the situation in
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00017-00004764-00005366 yemen yemen that was useless so we're
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00018-00005367-00005570 never speaking to them again instead we
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00019-00005571-00005821 turn to our real mother the internet
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00020-00005822-00006158 Yemen evolves into chaos saudi tanks on
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00021-00006159-00006593 their way to the coalition of regional
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00022-00006594-00006833 countries led by Saudi Arabia has been
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00023-00006834-00007037 carrying out airstrikes in Yemen the
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00024-00007038-00007454 Arab world's poorest national boys a lot
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00025-00007455-00007810 of girls a lot of women's and that's
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00026-00007811-00008056 horbet the Saudi Arabia says it wants to
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00027-00008058-00008252 destroy the rebel Houthi movement which
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00028-00008253-00008462 sees the country's capital sanaa last
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00029-00008463-00008684 year we've heard reports of deliberate
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00030-00008685-00008978 attacks on civilians attacks that could
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00031-00008979-00009535 amount to war crimes oh but it's not
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00032-00009536-00009752 Britain is it ain't Britain Britain's
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00033-00009753-00009926 here yeah and this is happening over
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00034-00009927-00010124 there while all of this has been going
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00035-00010125-00010331 on rukia's response has been to sell
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00036-00010332-00010502 more and more weapon which has killed
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00037-00010503-00010742 thousands of civilians such as destroy
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00038-00010743-00011009 vital infrastructure including hospitals
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00039-00011010-00011306 including homes to the blind including
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00040-00011307-00011519 that water systems that doesn't seem
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00041-00011520-00011669 like the best response for the bombing
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00042-00011670-00011924 of hospitals know that suggests we're
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00043-00011925-00012199 involved but not but not involved
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00044-00012200-00012395 involved it's just casual you're
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00045-00012396-00012527 thousands of civilians have been killed
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00046-00012528-00012850 in yemen including a large number by the
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00047-00012851-00013171 saudi air force and they've done that
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00048-00013172-00013516 using british-built planes with pilots
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00049-00013518-00013769 who are trained by british instructors
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00050-00013769-00014038 who are dropping british-made bombs and
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00051-00014040-00014330 are coordinated by the Saudis in the
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00052-00014331-00014902 presence of British military advisers ok
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00053-00014903-00015137 icona sounds like we're involved in
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00054-00015138-00015374 vogue involved involved why are we
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00055-00015375-00015599 selling arms to Saudi Arabia that does
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00056-00015600-00016006 need to be a political solution in Yemen
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00057-00016007-00016184 what we've got to do is talk to the
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00058-00016185-00016418 parties encourage the parties to get
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00059-00016419-00016871 back into dialogue Oh talking talk about
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00060-00016872-00017141 more arms more chat so this has been
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00061-00017142-00017417 going on for decades for years no se nav
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00062-00017418-00017588 has been the largest by eight of you
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00063-00017589-00017822 peons anywhere in the world I'm Steve a
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00064-00017823-00017901 Cameron
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00065-00017902-00018093 came to office licensed about seven
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00066-00018094-00018291 belly and pains were survivors and yet
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00067-00018292-00018488 ere she was weighed in Saudi Arabia
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00068-00018489-00018729 every year the government produces its
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00069-00018730-00018945 own human rights and democracy report
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00070-00018946-00019137 which lists six countries of concern
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00071-00019138-00019260 these are countries where ever our
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00072-00019261-00019464 serious concerns like the state of human
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00073-00019465-00019713 rights of democracy the last report had
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00074-00019714-00020061 28 countries listed and since David
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00075-00020062-00020217 Cameron came to office hbu Kia's
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00076-00020218-00020631 licensed arms to 24 of them okay oh that
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00077-00020632-00020934 sounds pretty bad but it can't be that
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00078-00020935-00021090 bad it seemed like there was an official
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00079-00021091-00021312 un inquiry yeah there was only an
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00080-00021313-00021507 attempt in an official un inquiry which
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00081-00021508-00021729 was blocked by Saudi Arabia who are on
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00082-00021730-00021897 the UN human rights council because
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00083-00021898-00022152 Britain elected them oh my god we in
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00084-00022153-00022404 November did a deal with the Saudis that
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00085-00022405-00022638 we would back them joining the Human
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00086-00022639-00022769 Rights Council of the United Nations
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00087-00022770-00023010 providing they back to us by raising the
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00088-00023011-00023139 steel then I mean they're not the right
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00089-00023140-00023286 sort of people to be doing any sort of a
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00090-00023287-00023529 deal on you bro we totally opposed their
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00091-00023530-00023703 record in that end why did we do it but
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00092-00023704-00023865 I say we really pays their act no but
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00093-00023866-00024051 why do we do it but I've answer the
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00094-00024052-00024327 question great that clears that up so
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00095-00024328-00024516 Britain is involved in the war in Yemen
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00096-00024517-00024690 and we're selling a lot of arms to
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00097-00024691-00024885 places with bad human rights records
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00098-00024886-00025107 over why are we doing exactly we've
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00099-00025108-00025244 answered that question we definitely
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00100-00025245-00025394 have an answer your answer than ever
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00101-00025395-00025599 when exactly thank you yeah okay Ben you
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00102-00025600-00026655 saying you want not good why are we
wfLZwqJ6NYA-00103-00026656-00026901 doing that
wgzs5L5MxVo-00000-00000057-00000316 netball is a bull sport played by two
wgzs5L5MxVo-00001-00000317-00000661 teams of seven players netball is most
wgzs5L5MxVo-00002-00000662-00000870 popular in many Commonwealth nations
wgzs5L5MxVo-00003-00000871-00001079 specifically in schools and is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00004-00001080-00001354 predominantly played by women according
wgzs5L5MxVo-00005-00001355-00001612 to the INF netball is played by more
wgzs5L5MxVo-00006-00001613-00001798 than twenty million people in more than
wgzs5L5MxVo-00007-00001800-00002135 80 countries major domestic leagues in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00008-00002136-00002324 the sport include the netball Super
wgzs5L5MxVo-00009-00002325-00002534 League in Great Britain Suncorp super
wgzs5L5MxVo-00010-00002535-00002723 netball in Australia in the ANZ
wgzs5L5MxVo-00011-00002724-00003044 Premiership in New Zealand four major
wgzs5L5MxVo-00012-00003045-00003281 competitions take place internationally
wgzs5L5MxVo-00013-00003282-00003425 the quadrennial World Netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00014-00003426-00003671 championships the Commonwealth Games and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00015-00003672-00003881 the yearly quad series and Fast Five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00016-00003882-00004283 series in 1995 netball became an
wgzs5L5MxVo-00017-00004284-00004433 international olympic committee
wgzs5L5MxVo-00018-00004434-00004631 recognized sport but it has not been
wgzs5L5MxVo-00019-00004632-00004964 played at the olympics games are played
wgzs5L5MxVo-00020-00004965-00005180 on a rectangular court with raised goal
wgzs5L5MxVo-00021-00005181-00005504 rings at each end each team attempts to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00022-00005505-00005711 score goals by passing a ball down the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00023-00005712-00005888 court and shooting it through its goal
wgzs5L5MxVo-00024-00005889-00006172 ring players are assigned specific
wgzs5L5MxVo-00025-00006173-00006347 positions which define their roles
wgzs5L5MxVo-00026-00006348-00006520 within the team and restrict their
wgzs5L5MxVo-00027-00006522-00006745 movement to certain areas of the court
wgzs5L5MxVo-00028-00006745-00007025 during general play a player with the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00029-00007026-00007229 ball can hold on to it for only three
wgzs5L5MxVo-00030-00007230-00007442 seconds before shooting for a goal or
wgzs5L5MxVo-00031-00007443-00007712 passing to another player the winning
wgzs5L5MxVo-00032-00007713-00007889 team is the one that scores the most
wgzs5L5MxVo-00033-00007890-00008251 goals netball games are 60 minutes long
wgzs5L5MxVo-00034-00008252-00008453 variations have been developed to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00035-00008454-00008663 increase the game's pace and appeal to a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00036-00008664-00009028 wider audience its development derived
wgzs5L5MxVo-00037-00009029-00009263 from early versions of basketball began
wgzs5L5MxVo-00038-00009264-00009662 in England in the 1890s by 1960
wgzs5L5MxVo-00039-00009663-00009848 international playing rules had been
wgzs5L5MxVo-00040-00009849-00010019 standardised for the game and the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00041-00010020-00010246 International Federation of netball and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00042-00010247-00010448 women's basketball later renamed the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00043-00010449-00010730 international netball Federation INF was
wgzs5L5MxVo-00044-00010731-00011171 formed as of 2019 the INF comprises more
wgzs5L5MxVo-00045-00011172-00011420 than 70 national teams organized into
wgzs5L5MxVo-00046-00011421-00012084 five global regions
wgzs5L5MxVo-00047-00012085-00012623 topic history
wgzs5L5MxVo-00048-00012624-00012887 Netball emerged from early versions of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00049-00012888-00013082 basketball and evolved into its own
wgzs5L5MxVo-00050-00013083-00013225 sport as the number of women
wgzs5L5MxVo-00051-00013226-00013510 participating in sports increased
wgzs5L5MxVo-00052-00013511-00013862 basketball was invented in 1891 by James
wgzs5L5MxVo-00053-00013863-00014188 Naismith in the United States the game
wgzs5L5MxVo-00054-00014190-00014399 was initially played indoors between two
wgzs5L5MxVo-00055-00014400-00014594 teams of nine players using an
wgzs5L5MxVo-00056-00014594-00014786 association football that was thrown
wgzs5L5MxVo-00057-00014787-00015128 into closed-end peach baskets Naismith's
wgzs5L5MxVo-00058-00015129-00015355 games spread quickly across the United
wgzs5L5MxVo-00059-00015356-00015584 States and variations of the rules soon
wgzs5L5MxVo-00060-00015585-00015863 emerged physical education instructor
wgzs5L5MxVo-00061-00015863-00016133 sender Berenson developed modified rules
wgzs5L5MxVo-00062-00016134-00016430 for women in 1892 these eventually gave
wgzs5L5MxVo-00063-00016431-00016742 rise to women's basketball around this
wgzs5L5MxVo-00064-00016743-00016969 time separate intercollegiate rules were
wgzs5L5MxVo-00065-00016970-00017255 developed for men and women the various
wgzs5L5MxVo-00066-00017256-00017462 basketball rules converged into a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00067-00017463-00017779 universal set in the United States
wgzs5L5MxVo-00068-00017780-00018074 Martina Bergman Osterberg introduced a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00069-00018075-00018350 version of basketball in 1893 to her
wgzs5L5MxVo-00070-00018351-00018554 female students at the physical training
wgzs5L5MxVo-00071-00018555-00018890 college in Hampstead London the rules of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00072-00018891-00019061 the game were modified at the college
wgzs5L5MxVo-00073-00019062-00019250 over several years the game moved
wgzs5L5MxVo-00074-00019251-00019463 outdoors and was played on grass the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00075-00019464-00019664 baskets were replaced by rings that had
wgzs5L5MxVo-00076-00019665-00020036 Nets and in 1897 and 1899 rules from
wgzs5L5MxVo-00077-00020037-00020258 women's basketball in the United States
wgzs5L5MxVo-00078-00020259-00020594 were incorporated Osterberg new sport
wgzs5L5MxVo-00079-00020595-00020921 acquired the name netball the first
wgzs5L5MxVo-00080-00020922-00021149 codified rules of netball were published
wgzs5L5MxVo-00081-00021150-00021431 in 1901 by the Ling Association later
wgzs5L5MxVo-00082-00021432-00021668 the Physical Education Association of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00083-00021669-00021994 the United Kingdom from England netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00084-00021995-00022196 spread to other countries in the British
wgzs5L5MxVo-00085-00022197-00022519 Empire variations of the rules and even
wgzs5L5MxVo-00086-00022520-00022739 names for the sport arose in different
wgzs5L5MxVo-00087-00022740-00023150 areas women's outdoor basketball arrived
wgzs5L5MxVo-00088-00023151-00023414 in Australia around 1900 and in New
wgzs5L5MxVo-00089-00023415-00023803 Zealand from 1906 while netball was
wgzs5L5MxVo-00090-00023804-00024153 being played in Jamaican schools by 1909
wgzs5L5MxVo-00091-00024154-00024400 from the start it was considered
wgzs5L5MxVo-00092-00024401-00024596 socially appropriate for women to play
wgzs5L5MxVo-00093-00024597-00024791 netball netball's restricted movement
wgzs5L5MxVo-00094-00024792-00025000 appealed to contemporary notions of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00095-00025001-00025228 women's participation in sports and the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00096-00025229-00025459 sport was distinct from potential rival
wgzs5L5MxVo-00097-00025460-00025762 male sports netball became a popular
wgzs5L5MxVo-00098-00025763-00025987 women's sport in countries where it was
wgzs5L5MxVo-00099-00025988-00026014 in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00100-00026016-00026192 produced and spread rapidly through
wgzs5L5MxVo-00101-00026193-00026483 school systems school leagues and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00102-00026483-00026708 domestic competitions emerged during the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00103-00026708-00026952 first half of the 20th century and in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00104-00026954-00027224 1924 the first national governing body
wgzs5L5MxVo-00105-00027225-00027466 was established in New Zealand
wgzs5L5MxVo-00106-00027467-00027689 international competition was initially
wgzs5L5MxVo-00107-00027689-00027917 hampered by a lack of funds and varying
wgzs5L5MxVo-00108-00027918-00028232 rules in different countries Australia
wgzs5L5MxVo-00109-00028233-00028406 hosted New Zealand in the first
wgzs5L5MxVo-00110-00028407-00028586 international game of netball in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00111-00028587-00028850 Melbourne on the 20th of August 1938
wgzs5L5MxVo-00112-00028851-00029281 Australia won 42 11 efforts began in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00113-00029282-00029531 1957 to standardize netball rules
wgzs5L5MxVo-00114-00029532-00029831 globally by 1960 international playing
wgzs5L5MxVo-00115-00029832-00030035 rules had been standardised and the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00116-00030036-00030224 International Federation of netball and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00117-00030225-00030416 women's basketball later the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00118-00030417-00030692 international netball Federation INF was
wgzs5L5MxVo-00119-00030693-00030913 formed to administer the sport worldwide
wgzs5L5MxVo-00120-00030914-00031133 representatives from England Australia
wgzs5L5MxVo-00121-00031133-00031400 New Zealand South Africa and the West
wgzs5L5MxVo-00122-00031401-00031652 Indies were part of a 1960 meeting in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00123-00031652-00031844 Sri Lanka that standardized the rules
wgzs5L5MxVo-00124-00031845-00032120 for the game the game spread to other
wgzs5L5MxVo-00125-00032120-00032458 African countries in the 1970s South
wgzs5L5MxVo-00126-00032460-00032663 Africa was prohibited from competing
wgzs5L5MxVo-00127-00032664-00033074 internationally from 1969 to 1994 due to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00128-00033075-00033422 apartheid in the United States netball's
wgzs5L5MxVo-00129-00033423-00033640 popularity also increased during the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00130-00033641-00033926 1970s particularly in the New York area
wgzs5L5MxVo-00131-00033927-00034178 and the United States of America netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00132-00034179-00034589 Association was created in 1992 the game
wgzs5L5MxVo-00133-00034590-00034802 also became popular in the Pacific
wgzs5L5MxVo-00134-00034803-00035021 island nations of the Cook Islands Fiji
wgzs5L5MxVo-00135-00035022-00035405 and Samoa during the 1970s netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00136-00035406-00035723 Singapore was created in 1962 and the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00137-00035724-00035918 Malaysian netball Association was
wgzs5L5MxVo-00138-00035919-00036230 created in 1978 in Australia the term
wgzs5L5MxVo-00139-00036231-00036464 women's basketball was used to refer to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00140-00036465-00036779 both netball and basketball during the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00141-00036780-00037136 1950s and 1960s a movement arose to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00142-00037137-00037322 change the Australian name of the game
wgzs5L5MxVo-00143-00037323-00037538 from women's basketball to netball in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00144-00037539-00037754 order to avoid confusion between the two
wgzs5L5MxVo-00145-00037755-00038105 sports the Australian Basketball Union
wgzs5L5MxVo-00146-00038106-00038294 offered to pay the costs involved well
wgzs5L5MxVo-00147-00038295-00038522 to the name but the netball organization
wgzs5L5MxVo-00148-00038523-00038924 rejected the change in 1970 the Council
wgzs5L5MxVo-00149-00038925-00039074 of the All Australian netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00150-00039075-00039287 Association officially changed the name
wgzs5L5MxVo-00151-00039288-00039371 to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00152-00039372-00039896 Netball in australia in 1963 the first
wgzs5L5MxVo-00153-00039897-00040097 international tournament was held in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00154-00040098-00040400 Eastbourne england originally called the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00155-00040401-00040592 world tournament it later became known
wgzs5L5MxVo-00156-00040593-00040855 as the World Netball championships
wgzs5L5MxVo-00157-00040856-00041099 following the first tournament one of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00158-00041100-00041345 the organizers Missa Harris declared
wgzs5L5MxVo-00159-00041346-00041555 England could learn from the mistakes in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00160-00041556-00041732 the past from the empty stands at
wgzs5L5MxVo-00161-00041733-00042029 Eastbourne to get the right publicity in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00162-00042030-00042251 the right status desired the game must
wgzs5L5MxVo-00163-00042252-00042463 emerge from the school playground
wgzs5L5MxVo-00164-00042464-00042701 netball should be part of a Sports
wgzs5L5MxVo-00165-00042702-00042935 Centre where social events could also be
wgzs5L5MxVo-00166-00042936-00043259 held the World Netball championships
wgzs5L5MxVo-00167-00043260-00043451 have been held every four years since
wgzs5L5MxVo-00168-00043452-00043700 then the World Youth netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00169-00043701-00044000 championship started in Canberra in 1988
wgzs5L5MxVo-00170-00044001-00044207 and have been held roughly every four
wgzs5L5MxVo-00171-00044208-00044606 years since in 1995 the International
wgzs5L5MxVo-00172-00044607-00044780 Olympic Committee recognised the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00173-00044781-00044965 International Federation of netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00174-00044966-00045314 associations three years later netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00175-00045315-00045563 debuted at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
wgzs5L5MxVo-00176-00045564-00045872 in Kuala Lumpur other international
wgzs5L5MxVo-00177-00045873-00046079 competitions also emerged in the late
wgzs5L5MxVo-00178-00046080-00046322 20th century including the Nations Cup
wgzs5L5MxVo-00179-00046323-00047037 and the Asian netball championship
wgzs5L5MxVo-00180-00047038-00047535 topic gender
wgzs5L5MxVo-00181-00047536-00047942 as of 2006 the IFLA recognizes only
wgzs5L5MxVo-00182-00047943-00048227 women's netball men's netball teams
wgzs5L5MxVo-00183-00048228-00048458 exist in some areas but attract less
wgzs5L5MxVo-00184-00048459-00048718 attention from sponsors and spectators
wgzs5L5MxVo-00185-00048719-00048995 men's netball started to become popular
wgzs5L5MxVo-00186-00048996-00049277 in Australia during the 1980s and the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00187-00049278-00049490 first men's championship was held in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00188-00049491-00049989 1985 in 2004 New Zealand and Fiji sent
wgzs5L5MxVo-00189-00049990-00050220 teams to compete in the Australian mixed
wgzs5L5MxVo-00190-00050221-00050636 in men's national championships by 2006
wgzs5L5MxVo-00191-00050637-00050892 mixed netball teams in Australia had as
wgzs5L5MxVo-00192-00050893-00051132 many male participants as rugby union
wgzs5L5MxVo-00193-00051133-00051383 other countries with men's national
wgzs5L5MxVo-00194-00051384-00051738 teams include Canada Fiji Jamaica Kenya
wgzs5L5MxVo-00195-00051739-00052019 Pakistan and the United Arab Emirates
wgzs5L5MxVo-00196-00052020-00052283 unlike women's netball at elite and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00197-00052284-00052386 national levels
wgzs5L5MxVo-00198-00052387-00052596 men's and mixed gender teams are largely
wgzs5L5MxVo-00199-00052597-00052848 self-funded and all transgender netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00200-00052849-00053148 team from Indonesia competed at the 1994
wgzs5L5MxVo-00201-00053149-00053466 gay games in New York City the team had
wgzs5L5MxVo-00202-00053466-00053679 been the Indonesian national champions
wgzs5L5MxVo-00203-00053679-00053991 at the 2000 gay games via in Sydney
wgzs5L5MxVo-00204-00053991-00054182 netball and volleyball were the two
wgzs5L5MxVo-00205-00054183-00054344 sports with the highest rates of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00206-00054345-00054675 transgender athletes participating there
wgzs5L5MxVo-00207-00054676-00054849 were eight teams of indigenous players
wgzs5L5MxVo-00208-00054850-00055100 with seven identifying as transgender
wgzs5L5MxVo-00209-00055101-00055404 they came from places like palm island
wgzs5L5MxVo-00210-00055404-00055662 in northern Queensland Samoa Tonga and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00211-00055663-00055955 Papua New Guinea teams with transgender
wgzs5L5MxVo-00212-00055957-00056184 players were allowed to participate in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00213-00056185-00056412 several divisions including men's mixed
wgzs5L5MxVo-00214-00056413-00056604 and transgender they were not allowed to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00215-00056604-00056792 compete against the cisgender women's
wgzs5L5MxVo-00216-00056794-00057378 teams
wgzs5L5MxVo-00217-00057379-00058004 topic description and rules
wgzs5L5MxVo-00218-00058005-00058263 the objective of a game is to score more
wgzs5L5MxVo-00219-00058264-00058545 goals than the opposition goals are
wgzs5L5MxVo-00220-00058546-00058749 scored when a team member positioned in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00221-00058750-00058959 the attacking shooting circle shoots the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00222-00058960-00059208 ball through the goal ring the goal
wgzs5L5MxVo-00223-00059209-00059544 rings are 380 millimeters 15 in in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00224-00059545-00059886 diameter and sit atop 3.05 meters 10
wgzs5L5MxVo-00225-00059887-00060108 point o feet high goal posts that have
wgzs5L5MxVo-00226-00060109-00060408 no back boards a four point nine meters
wgzs5L5MxVo-00227-00060409-00060783 16 feet radius semicircular shooting
wgzs5L5MxVo-00228-00060784-00061071 circle is an area at each end of the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00229-00061072-00061332 court the goal posts are located within
wgzs5L5MxVo-00230-00061333-00061616 the shooting circle each team defends
wgzs5L5MxVo-00231-00061617-00061809 one shooting circle in attacks the other
wgzs5L5MxVo-00232-00061810-00062073 the netball court is thirty point five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00233-00062074-00062429 meters 100 feet long 15 point to 5
wgzs5L5MxVo-00234-00062430-00062727 meters 50 point o feet wide and divided
wgzs5L5MxVo-00235-00062728-00063017 lengthwise into thirds the ball is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00236-00063019-00063174 usually made of leather or rubber
wgzs5L5MxVo-00237-00063175-00063714 measures 682 710 millimetres 27 to 28 in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00238-00063715-00064176 in circumference and weighs 397 to 454
wgzs5L5MxVo-00239-00064177-00064547 grams 14 point O to 16 point O ances a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00240-00064548-00064827 normal game consists of four 15-minute
wgzs5L5MxVo-00241-00064828-00065073 quarters and can be played outdoors or
wgzs5L5MxVo-00242-00065074-00065391 in a covered Stadium each team is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00243-00065391-00065631 allowed 7 players on the court each
wgzs5L5MxVo-00244-00065632-00065832 player is assigned a specific position
wgzs5L5MxVo-00245-00065833-00066075 which limits their movement to a certain
wgzs5L5MxVo-00246-00066076-00066501 area of the court a bit worn by each
wgzs5L5MxVo-00247-00066502-00066696 player contains a one or two letter
wgzs5L5MxVo-00248-00066697-00066950 abbreviation indicating this position
wgzs5L5MxVo-00249-00066951-00067221 only two positions are permitted in the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00250-00067222-00067407 attacking shooting circle and can
wgzs5L5MxVo-00251-00067408-00067683 therefore shoot for a goal similarly
wgzs5L5MxVo-00252-00067684-00067896 only two positions are permitted in the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00253-00067897-00068103 defensive shooting circle they try to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00254-00068104-00068289 prevent the opposition from shooting
wgzs5L5MxVo-00255-00068290-00068574 goals other players are restricted to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00256-00068575-00068745 two thirds of the court with the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00257-00068746-00068940 exception of the center who may move
wgzs5L5MxVo-00258-00068941-00069114 anywhere on the court except for a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00259-00069115-00069408 shooting circle at the beginning of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00260-00069409-00069591 every quarter and after a goal has been
wgzs5L5MxVo-00261-00069592-00069825 scored play starts with a player in the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00262-00069826-00070020 center position passing the ball from
wgzs5L5MxVo-00263-00070021-00070362 the center of the court these Center
wgzs5L5MxVo-00264-00070363-00070635 passes alternate between the teams
wgzs5L5MxVo-00265-00070636-00070863 regardless of which team scored the last
wgzs5L5MxVo-00266-00070864-00071148 goal when the umpire blows the whistle
wgzs5L5MxVo-00267-00071149-00071382 to restart play four players from
wgzs5L5MxVo-00268-00071383-00071592 team can move into the center third to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00269-00071593-00071919 receive the pass the center pass must be
wgzs5L5MxVo-00270-00071920-00072107 caught or touched in the center third
wgzs5L5MxVo-00271-00072108-00072393 the ball is then moved up and down the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00272-00072394-00072549 court through passing and must be
wgzs5L5MxVo-00273-00072550-00072708 touched by a player in each adjacent
wgzs5L5MxVo-00274-00072709-00073041 third of the court players can hold the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00275-00073042-00073274 ball for only three seconds at any time
wgzs5L5MxVo-00276-00073275-00073563 it must be released before the foot they
wgzs5L5MxVo-00277-00073564-00073701 were standing on when they caught it
wgzs5L5MxVo-00278-00073702-00074004 touches the ground again contact between
wgzs5L5MxVo-00279-00074005-00074226 players is only permitted if it does not
wgzs5L5MxVo-00280-00074227-00074447 impede an opponent or the general play
wgzs5L5MxVo-00281-00074448-00074721 when defending a pass or shot players
wgzs5L5MxVo-00282-00074722-00075039 must be at least 90 centimetres 35 in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00283-00075040-00075285 away from the player with the ball if
wgzs5L5MxVo-00284-00075286-00075543 illegal contact is made the player who
wgzs5L5MxVo-00285-00075544-00075762 contacted cannot participate in play
wgzs5L5MxVo-00286-00075763-00075969 until the player taking the penalty has
wgzs5L5MxVo-00287-00075970-00076263 passed or shot the ball if the ball is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00288-00076264-00076476 held in two hands in either dropped or a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00289-00076477-00076683 shot at goal is missed the same player
wgzs5L5MxVo-00290-00076684-00076866 cannot be the first to touch it unless
wgzs5L5MxVo-00291-00076867-00077579 it first rebounds off the goal
wgzs5L5MxVo-00292-00077580-00078038 topic variance
wgzs5L5MxVo-00293-00078039-00078487 you
wgzs5L5MxVo-00294-00078488-00079041 topic indoor netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00295-00079042-00079326 indoor netball is a variation of netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00296-00079327-00079572 played exclusively indoors in which the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00297-00079573-00079752 playing court is often surrounded on
wgzs5L5MxVo-00298-00079753-00080034 each side and overhead by a net the net
wgzs5L5MxVo-00299-00080035-00080244 prevents the ball from leaving the court
wgzs5L5MxVo-00300-00080245-00080457 permitting faster play by reducing
wgzs5L5MxVo-00301-00080458-00080661 playing stoppages different forms of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00302-00080662-00080997 indoor netball exist in a seven per side
wgzs5L5MxVo-00303-00080998-00081348 version called action netball seven
wgzs5L5MxVo-00304-00081349-00081570 players per team play with rules similar
wgzs5L5MxVo-00305-00081571-00081858 to netball however a game is split into
wgzs5L5MxVo-00306-00081859-00082062 15-minute halves with a three minute
wgzs5L5MxVo-00307-00082063-00082359 break in between this version is played
wgzs5L5MxVo-00308-00082360-00082635 in Australia New Zealand South Africa
wgzs5L5MxVo-00309-00082636-00082854 and England a six per side version of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00310-00082855-00083084 the sport is also played in New Zealand
wgzs5L5MxVo-00311-00083085-00083355 two centres per team can play in the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00312-00083356-00083562 whole court except the shooting circles
wgzs5L5MxVo-00313-00083563-00083742 the remaining attacking and defending
wgzs5L5MxVo-00314-00083743-00083955 players are each restricted to one half
wgzs5L5MxVo-00315-00083956-00084135 of the court including the shooting
wgzs5L5MxVo-00316-00084136-00084459 circles the attacking and centre players
wgzs5L5MxVo-00317-00084460-00084642 may shoot from outside the shooting
wgzs5L5MxVo-00318-00084643-00084885 circle for a two-point goal a five per
wgzs5L5MxVo-00319-00084886-00085083 side game is also common in indoor
wgzs5L5MxVo-00320-00085084-00085347 netball players can move throughout the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00321-00085348-00085557 court with the exception of the shooting
wgzs5L5MxVo-00322-00085558-00085758 circles which are restricted to certain
wgzs5L5MxVo-00323-00085759-00086446 attacking or defending players
wgzs5L5MxVo-00324-00086447-00086983 topic Fast Five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00325-00086984-00087301 fast five originally called Fastnet is a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00326-00087302-00087496 variation on the rules of netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00327-00087497-00087700 designed to make games faster and more
wgzs5L5MxVo-00328-00087701-00087991 television friendly the world netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00329-00087992-00088201 series promotes it to raise the sports
wgzs5L5MxVo-00330-00088202-00088438 profile and attract more spectators and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00331-00088439-00088714 greater sponsorship the game is much
wgzs5L5MxVo-00332-00088715-00088939 shorter with each quarter lasting only
wgzs5L5MxVo-00333-00088940-00089122 six minutes and only a two-minute break
wgzs5L5MxVo-00334-00089123-00089443 between quarters the coaches can give
wgzs5L5MxVo-00335-00089444-00089641 instructions from the sidelines during
wgzs5L5MxVo-00336-00089642-00089869 play and unlimited substitutions are
wgzs5L5MxVo-00337-00089870-00090157 allowed like six per side indoor netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00338-00090158-00090400 attacking players may shoot to point
wgzs5L5MxVo-00339-00090401-00090600 goals from outside the shooting circle
wgzs5L5MxVo-00340-00090601-00090882 each team can separately nominate one
wgzs5L5MxVo-00341-00090883-00091251 power play quarter in which each goal
wgzs5L5MxVo-00342-00091252-00091426 scored by that team is worth double
wgzs5L5MxVo-00343-00091427-00091657 points and the center pass is taken by
wgzs5L5MxVo-00344-00091658-00092312 the team that conceded the goal
wgzs5L5MxVo-00345-00092313-00092844 topic for children
wgzs5L5MxVo-00346-00092845-00093119 Netball has been adapted in several ways
wgzs5L5MxVo-00347-00093120-00093401 to meet children's needs the rules for
wgzs5L5MxVo-00348-00093402-00093591 children are similar to those for adults
wgzs5L5MxVo-00349-00093592-00093857 but various aspects of the game such as
wgzs5L5MxVo-00350-00093858-00094037 the length of each quarter goal height
wgzs5L5MxVo-00351-00094038-00094422 and bull size are modified fun net is a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00352-00094423-00094656 version of netball developed by netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00353-00094657-00094992 Australia for five to seven year olds it
wgzs5L5MxVo-00354-00094993-00095225 aims to improve basic netball skills
wgzs5L5MxVo-00355-00095226-00095523 using games and activities the fun net
wgzs5L5MxVo-00356-00095524-00095853 program runs for 8 to 16 weeks there are
wgzs5L5MxVo-00357-00095854-00096137 no winners or losers the goal posts are
wgzs5L5MxVo-00358-00096138-00096468 2.4 meters 7 feet 10 in high and a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00359-00096469-00096647 smaller ball is used netball Australia
wgzs5L5MxVo-00360-00096648-00096932 also runs a modified game called netter
wgzs5L5MxVo-00361-00096933-00097244 aimed at 8 to 11 year olds the goal
wgzs5L5MxVo-00362-00097245-00097437 height and ball size are the same as for
wgzs5L5MxVo-00363-00097438-00097662 adults but players rotate positions
wgzs5L5MxVo-00364-00097663-00097848 during the game permitting each player
wgzs5L5MxVo-00365-00097849-00097975 to play each position
wgzs5L5MxVo-00366-00097976-00098294 Netta was created to develop passing and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00367-00098295-00098571 catching skills its rules permit six
wgzs5L5MxVo-00368-00098572-00098778 seconds between catching and passing the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00369-00098779-00098963 ball instead of the three seconds
wgzs5L5MxVo-00370-00098964-00099257 permitted in the adult game most players
wgzs5L5MxVo-00371-00099258-00099494 under 11 play this version at netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00372-00099495-00099741 clubs a version called hi-5 netball is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00373-00099742-00099954 promoted by the All England netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00374-00099955-00100299 Association it is aimed at nine to 11
wgzs5L5MxVo-00375-00100300-00100509 year old girls and includes only five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00376-00100510-00100812 positions the players swap positions
wgzs5L5MxVo-00377-00100813-00101067 during the game when a player is not on
wgzs5L5MxVo-00378-00101068-00101271 the court she is expected to help the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00379-00101272-00101484 game in some other way such as being the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00380-00101485-00101768 time keeper or score keeper high-five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00381-00101769-00102506 netball has four six minute quarters
wgzs5L5MxVo-00382-00102507-00103178 topic governance the recognized
wgzs5L5MxVo-00383-00103179-00103388 international governing body of netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00384-00103389-00103577 is the International Federation of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00385-00103578-00103871 netball associations I fna based in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00386-00103872-00104276 Manchester England founded in 1960 the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00387-00104277-00104468 organization was initially called the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00388-00104469-00104672 International Federation of netball and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00389-00104673-00104993 women's basketball the if' na is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00390-00104994-00105227 responsible for compiling world rankings
wgzs5L5MxVo-00391-00105228-00105449 for national teams maintaining the rules
wgzs5L5MxVo-00392-00105450-00105683 for netball in organising several major
wgzs5L5MxVo-00393-00105683-00106052 international competitions as of july
wgzs5L5MxVo-00394-00106053-00106445 2019 the if' na has 53 full and 19
wgzs5L5MxVo-00395-00106446-00106640 associate national members in five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00396-00106641-00106979 regions each region has an if' na
wgzs5L5MxVo-00397-00106980-00107345 regional Federation the if' na is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00398-00107346-00107516 affiliated with the general association
wgzs5L5MxVo-00399-00107517-00107809 of international sports federations the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00400-00107810-00107975 International World Games Association
wgzs5L5MxVo-00401-00107976-00108278 and the association of IOC recognized
wgzs5L5MxVo-00402-00108279-00108623 international sports federations it is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00403-00108624-00108791 also a signatory to the world
wgzs5L5MxVo-00404-00108792-00109404 anti-doping code
wgzs5L5MxVo-00405-00109405-00110058 topic international competition
wgzs5L5MxVo-00406-00110059-00110340 netball is a popular participant sport
wgzs5L5MxVo-00407-00110341-00110508 in countries of the Commonwealth of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00408-00110509-00110841 Nations non Commonwealth entities with
wgzs5L5MxVo-00409-00110842-00111039 full AF na membership includes
wgzs5L5MxVo-00410-00111040-00111319 Switzerland Taiwan Thailand Argentina
wgzs5L5MxVo-00411-00111320-00111588 bermuda the cayman islands in the united
wgzs5L5MxVo-00412-00111589-00111781 states along with former commonwealth
wgzs5L5MxVo-00413-00111782-00112076 members zimbabwe ireland and hong kong
wgzs5L5MxVo-00414-00112077-00112386 according to the if' na over 20 million
wgzs5L5MxVo-00415-00112388-00112587 people play netball in more than 80
wgzs5L5MxVo-00416-00112588-00112911 countries international tournaments are
wgzs5L5MxVo-00417-00112913-00113107 held among countries in each of the five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00418-00113108-00113349 IFLA regions either annually or every
wgzs5L5MxVo-00419-00113350-00113688 four years school leagues and national
wgzs5L5MxVo-00420-00113689-00113910 club competitions have been organized in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00421-00113911-00114129 England Australia New Zealand and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00422-00114130-00114416 Jamaica since the early 20th century
wgzs5L5MxVo-00423-00114417-00114682 franchise based netball leagues did not
wgzs5L5MxVo-00424-00114683-00115018 emerge until the late 1990s these
wgzs5L5MxVo-00425-00115019-00115222 competitions sought to increase the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00426-00115223-00115408 profile of the sport in their respective
wgzs5L5MxVo-00427-00115408-00115740 countries despite widespread local
wgzs5L5MxVo-00428-00115741-00115941 interest participation was largely
wgzs5L5MxVo-00429-00115942-00116178 amateur netball was first included in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00430-00116179-00116439 the 1998 Commonwealth Games and has been
wgzs5L5MxVo-00431-00116440-00116668 a fixture ever since it is currently one
wgzs5L5MxVo-00432-00116669-00116952 of the core sports that must be
wgzs5L5MxVo-00433-00116953-00117150 contested at each edition of the games
wgzs5L5MxVo-00434-00117151-00117366 the major international tournament in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00435-00117367-00117588 Africa is organised by the Confederation
wgzs5L5MxVo-00436-00117589-00117840 of African netball associations which
wgzs5L5MxVo-00437-00117841-00118050 invites teams from Botswana Namibia
wgzs5L5MxVo-00438-00118051-00118408 Zambia Malawi South Africa Lesotho
wgzs5L5MxVo-00439-00118408-00118708 Swaziland Zimbabwe and the Seychelles to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00440-00118708-00119016 take part the tournament is hosted by a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00441-00119017-00119235 country within the region senior and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00442-00119236-00119572 under-21 teams compete the tournament
wgzs5L5MxVo-00443-00119573-00119773 has served as a qualifier for the world
wgzs5L5MxVo-00444-00119774-00120075 championships South Africa launched a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00445-00120076-00120343 new domestic competition in 2011 called
wgzs5L5MxVo-00446-00120344-00120663 netball grand series it features eight
wgzs5L5MxVo-00447-00120664-00120891 regional teams from South Africa and is
wgzs5L5MxVo-00448-00120892-00121053 aimed at increasing the amount of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00449-00121054-00121207 playing time for players
wgzs5L5MxVo-00450-00121208-00121536 it runs for 17 weeks and replaces the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00451-00121537-00121732 national netball league which was played
wgzs5L5MxVo-00452-00121733-00122076 over only two weeks according to Proteus
wgzs5L5MxVo-00453-00122077-00122310 captain LCA Jordan it was hoped that the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00454-00122311-00122478 competition would create an opportunity
wgzs5L5MxVo-00455-00122479-00122833 for players to become professional the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00456-00122833-00123002 American Federation of netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00457-00123003-00123336 associations AFN a hosts two tournaments
wgzs5L5MxVo-00458-00123337-00123400 each year
wgzs5L5MxVo-00459-00123401-00123670 the Caribbean netball Association CNA
wgzs5L5MxVo-00460-00123671-00123936 under-16 championship and the AFN a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00461-00123938-00124083 senior championship
wgzs5L5MxVo-00462-00124084-00124383 the CNA Championship involves two
wgzs5L5MxVo-00463-00124384-00124588 divisions of teams from the Caribbean
wgzs5L5MxVo-00464-00124589-00124966 islands in 2010 five teams competed in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00465-00124967-00125179 two rounds of round-robin matches in the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00466-00125180-00125385 championship division while four teams
wgzs5L5MxVo-00467-00125386-00125636 competed in the developmental division
wgzs5L5MxVo-00468-00125638-00125938 Jamaica which has lost only once in the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00469-00125939-00126199 tournament decided not to play the 2011
wgzs5L5MxVo-00470-00126200-00126558 tournament the AFN a senior championship
wgzs5L5MxVo-00471-00126559-00126781 includes Canada in the u.s. along with
wgzs5L5MxVo-00472-00126782-00127075 the Caribbean nations the tournament
wgzs5L5MxVo-00473-00127076-00127260 serves as a qualifier for the world
wgzs5L5MxVo-00474-00127261-00127531 championship Jamaica with its high
wgzs5L5MxVo-00475-00127532-00127747 ranking does not have to qualify this
wgzs5L5MxVo-00476-00127748-00127957 leaves two spots to the other teams in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00477-00127958-00128128 the tournament the Asian netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00478-00128129-00128349 championship is held every four years
wgzs5L5MxVo-00479-00128350-00128631 the seventh Asian Games were held in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00480-00128632-00128917 2009 and featured Singapore Thailand
wgzs5L5MxVo-00481-00128918-00129277 Maldives Taiwan Malaysia Sri Lanka Hong
wgzs5L5MxVo-00482-00129278-00129631 Kong India and Pakistan there is also an
wgzs5L5MxVo-00483-00129632-00129838 Asian Youth netball championship for
wgzs5L5MxVo-00484-00129839-00130090 girls under 21 years of age the seventh
wgzs5L5MxVo-00485-00130091-00130311 of which was held in 2010 the major
wgzs5L5MxVo-00486-00130313-00130519 netball competition in Europe is the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00487-00130520-00130726 netball super league which features nine
wgzs5L5MxVo-00488-00130727-00130950 teams from England Wales and Scotland
wgzs5L5MxVo-00489-00130951-00131389 the league was created in 2005 matches
wgzs5L5MxVo-00490-00131390-00131653 are broadcast on Sky Sports netball has
wgzs5L5MxVo-00491-00131654-00131848 been featured at the Pacific Games a
wgzs5L5MxVo-00492-00131849-00132058 multi-sport event with participation
wgzs5L5MxVo-00493-00132059-00132307 from 22 countries from around the South
wgzs5L5MxVo-00494-00132308-00132613 Pacific the event is held every four
wgzs5L5MxVo-00495-00132614-00132844 years and has twelve required sports the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00496-00132845-00133071 host country chooses the other four
wgzs5L5MxVo-00497-00133072-00133360 netball is not a required sport and has
wgzs5L5MxVo-00498-00133361-00133555 missed selection particularly when
wgzs5L5MxVo-00499-00133556-00133765 former French or American territories
wgzs5L5MxVo-00500-00133766-00134137 host the games the ANZ Championship was
wgzs5L5MxVo-00501-00134138-00134361 a trans-tasman competition held between
wgzs5L5MxVo-00502-00134362-00134701 2008 and 2016 that was broadcast on
wgzs5L5MxVo-00503-00134702-00134893 television in both New Zealand and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00504-00134894-00135199 Australia it was contested among ten
wgzs5L5MxVo-00505-00135200-00135469 teams from Australia in New Zealand it
wgzs5L5MxVo-00506-00135470-00135748 began in April 2008 succeeding
wgzs5L5MxVo-00507-00135749-00135976 Australia's Commonwealth Bank trophy and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00508-00135977-00136183 New Zealand's national bank Cup as the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00509-00136184-00136345 preeminent netball league in those
wgzs5L5MxVo-00510-00136346-00136624 countries the competition was held
wgzs5L5MxVo-00511-00136625-00136798 annually between April and June
wgzs5L5MxVo-00512-00136799-00137128 consisting of 69 matches played over 17
wgzs5L5MxVo-00513-00137129-00137503 weeks the ANZ Championship saw netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00514-00137504-00137725 become a semi-professional sport in both
wgzs5L5MxVo-00515-00137726-00137953 countries with increased media coverage
wgzs5L5MxVo-00516-00137954-00138259 and player salaries the competition was
wgzs5L5MxVo-00517-00138260-00138541 replaced by new leagues in 2017 the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00518-00138542-00138832 Suncorp super netball Australia and ANZ
wgzs5L5MxVo-00519-00138833-00139513 Premiership New Zealand
wgzs5L5MxVo-00520-00139514-00140155 topic major championships
wgzs5L5MxVo-00521-00140156-00140374 there are four major international
wgzs5L5MxVo-00522-00140375-00140578 netball competitions the netball World
wgzs5L5MxVo-00523-00140579-00140797 Cup netball at the Commonwealth Games
wgzs5L5MxVo-00524-00140798-00141031 netball quad series and fast five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00525-00141032-00141409 netball World Series net balls important
wgzs5L5MxVo-00526-00141410-00141565 competition is the World Netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00527-00141566-00141817 championships also known as the netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00528-00141818-00142030 World Cup held every four years
wgzs5L5MxVo-00529-00142031-00142393 it was first held in 1963 at the Chelsea
wgzs5L5MxVo-00530-00142394-00142588 college of physical education at
wgzs5L5MxVo-00531-00142589-00142807 Eastbourne England with eleven nations
wgzs5L5MxVo-00532-00142808-00143086 competing since its inception the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00533-00143087-00143317 competition has been dominated primarily
wgzs5L5MxVo-00534-00143318-00143536 by the Australian and New Zealand teams
wgzs5L5MxVo-00535-00143537-00143721 which hold ten and four titles
wgzs5L5MxVo-00536-00143722-00144088 respectively Trinidad and Tobago is the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00537-00144089-00144244 only other team to win a championship
wgzs5L5MxVo-00538-00144245-00144730 title that title won in 1979 was shared
wgzs5L5MxVo-00539-00144731-00144961 with New Zealand and Australia all three
wgzs5L5MxVo-00540-00144962-00145156 teams finished with equal points at the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00541-00145157-00145270 end of the round-robin
wgzs5L5MxVo-00542-00145271-00145480 and there were no finals the first five
wgzs5L5MxVo-00543-00145481-00145687 Series is a competition among the top
wgzs5L5MxVo-00544-00145688-00145939 six national netball teams as ranked by
wgzs5L5MxVo-00545-00145940-00146275 the INF World Rankings it is organized
wgzs5L5MxVo-00546-00146276-00146491 by the INF in conjunction with the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00547-00146492-00146668 national governing bodies of the six
wgzs5L5MxVo-00548-00146669-00146947 competing nations UK sport and the host
wgzs5L5MxVo-00549-00146948-00147235 cities local council the All England
wgzs5L5MxVo-00550-00147236-00147496 netball Association covers air travel
wgzs5L5MxVo-00551-00147497-00147733 accommodation food and local travel
wgzs5L5MxVo-00552-00147734-00147928 expenses for all teams while the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00553-00147929-00148108 respective netball governing bodies
wgzs5L5MxVo-00554-00148109-00148438 cover player allowances it is held over
wgzs5L5MxVo-00555-00148439-00148645 three days with each team playing each
wgzs5L5MxVo-00556-00148646-00148858 other once during the first two days in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00557-00148859-00149116 a round-robin format the four
wgzs5L5MxVo-00558-00149117-00149323 highest-scoring teams advance to the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00559-00149324-00149542 semi-finals the winners face each other
wgzs5L5MxVo-00560-00149543-00149824 in the grand final the competition
wgzs5L5MxVo-00561-00149825-00150064 features modified Fastnet rules and has
wgzs5L5MxVo-00562-00150065-00150280 been likened to twenty20 cricket and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00563-00150281-00150601 rugby sevens a new format featuring
wgzs5L5MxVo-00564-00150602-00150826 shorter matches with modified rules was
wgzs5L5MxVo-00565-00150827-00151006 designed to make the game more appealing
wgzs5L5MxVo-00566-00151007-00151266 to spectators and television audiences
wgzs5L5MxVo-00567-00151267-00151543 the world netball series was held
wgzs5L5MxVo-00568-00151544-00151947 annually in England from 2009 to 2011
wgzs5L5MxVo-00569-00151948-00152220 netball gained Olympic recognition in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00570-00152221-00152623 1995 after 20 years of lobbying although
wgzs5L5MxVo-00571-00152624-00152797 it has never been played at the Summer
wgzs5L5MxVo-00572-00152798-00153049 Olympics politicians and administrators
wgzs5L5MxVo-00573-00153050-00153202 have been campaigning to have it
wgzs5L5MxVo-00574-00153203-00153521 included in the near-future its absence
wgzs5L5MxVo-00575-00153522-00153707 from the Olympics has been seen by the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00576-00153708-00153926 netball community as a hindrance in the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00577-00153927-00154118 global growth of the game by limiting
wgzs5L5MxVo-00578-00154119-00154337 access to media attention and funding
wgzs5L5MxVo-00579-00154338-00154658 sources some funding sources became
wgzs5L5MxVo-00580-00154659-00154919 available with recognition in 1995
wgzs5L5MxVo-00581-00154920-00155102 including the International Olympic
wgzs5L5MxVo-00582-00155103-00155327 Committee National Olympic Committee's
wgzs5L5MxVo-00583-00155328-00155590 national sport organizations and state
wgzs5L5MxVo-00584-00155591-00156247 and federal governments
wgzs5L5MxVo-00585-00156248-00156804 topic injuries
wgzs5L5MxVo-00586-00156805-00157083 one study found that over 14 weeks of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00587-00157084-00157335 play about 5% of people develop an
wgzs5L5MxVo-00588-00157336-00157629 injury the most common injury is of the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00589-00157630-00157854 ankle usually lateral ligament ankle
wgzs5L5MxVo-00590-00157855-00158066 strain and less often an ankle fracture
wgzs5L5MxVo-00591-00158067-00158322 knee injuries were less common and
wgzs5L5MxVo-00592-00158323-00158502 included anterior cruciate ligament
wgzs5L5MxVo-00593-00158503-00158772 injuries the main cause of these
wgzs5L5MxVo-00594-00158773-00158961 injuries is believed to be due to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00595-00158962-00159266 incorrect landing one study found not
wgzs5L5MxVo-00596-00159267-00159437 warming up as a risk factor
wgzs5L5MxVo-00597-00159438-00159716 hypermobility having a range of motion
wgzs5L5MxVo-00598-00159717-00159915 beyond normal limits has been associated
wgzs5L5MxVo-00599-00159916-00160260 with injuries in one small study higher
wgzs5L5MxVo-00600-00160261-00160490 grade players in both senior and junior
wgzs5L5MxVo-00601-00160491-00160713 competitions are more susceptible to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00602-00160714-00160944 injuries than lower grade players due to
wgzs5L5MxVo-00603-00160945-00161154 the high intensity and rapid pace of the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00604-00161155-00161490 game in October 2005 Australian captain
wgzs5L5MxVo-00605-00161491-00161724 Liz Ellis tore her ACL in a match
wgzs5L5MxVo-00606-00161725-00162027 against New Zealand this injury ruled
wgzs5L5MxVo-00607-00162028-00162215 her out of the chance to play at the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00608-00162216-00162539 2006 Melbourne Commonwealth Games in
wgzs5L5MxVo-00609-00162540-00162894 October 2014 Casey kopua ruptured the
wgzs5L5MxVo-00610-00162895-00163041 patellar tendon in her left knee
wgzs5L5MxVo-00611-00163042-00163269 resulted in her missing up to six months
wgzs5L5MxVo-00612-00163270-00163859 of netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00613-00163860-00164422 topic see also
wgzs5L5MxVo-00614-00164423-00164809 list of national netball teams list of
wgzs5L5MxVo-00615-00164810-00165164 netball players wheelchair netball
wgzs5L5MxVo-00616-00165165-00165538 equals equals notes
wjV2s23ceJY-00000-00000112-00000390 you're leaving me sorry eddie i've met a
wjV2s23ceJY-00001-00000391-00000663 real man hi babe yes i am real man you
wjV2s23ceJY-00002-00000664-00000983 want to go skateboards
wkYvNRosg4u-00000-00000000-00000221 there are no further introductions
wkYvNRosg4u-00001-00000222-00000463 therefore his time for question period
wkYvNRosg4u-00002-00000465-00000797 the member from the excel speaker my
wkYvNRosg4u-00003-00000798-00001045 questions for the premier the member
wkYvNRosg4u-00004-00001046-00001270 from Simcoe Rae is a man of great
wkYvNRosg4u-00005-00001271-00001562 integrity as Minister of Health when the
wkYvNRosg4u-00006-00001563-00001730 integrity of his office was called into
wkYvNRosg4u-00007-00001730-00001934 question and his ministry was being
wkYvNRosg4u-00008-00001935-00002077 investigated by the integrity
wkYvNRosg4u-00009-00002078-00002354 commissioner a member stepped aside as
wkYvNRosg4u-00010-00002355-00002635 Minister he believed in the doctrine of
wkYvNRosg4u-00011-00002636-00002864 ministerial responsibility and he did
wkYvNRosg4u-00012-00002865-00003131 the right thing he stepped aside until
wkYvNRosg4u-00013-00003132-00003401 the investigation cleared his name now
wkYvNRosg4u-00014-00003402-00003617 the Minister of Energy has been named in
wkYvNRosg4u-00015-00003618-00003875 a charge laid by the OPP the minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00016-00003876-00004124 should also do the right thing mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00017-00004125-00004267 speaker has the Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-00018-00004268-00004511 offered to step aside until the case
wkYvNRosg4u-00019-00004512-00004817 against the premiers former chief deputy
wkYvNRosg4u-00020-00004818-00005554 chief of staff has concluded mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00021-00005555-00005806 I know that the member opposite
wkYvNRosg4u-00022-00005807-00006113 understands that that this is a matter
wkYvNRosg4u-00023-00006114-00006350 that is before the courts mr. speaker he
wkYvNRosg4u-00024-00006351-00006523 understands also that there have been
wkYvNRosg4u-00025-00006525-00006731 many many questions answered and
wkYvNRosg4u-00026-00006731-00006977 answered in this asked and answered in
wkYvNRosg4u-00027-00006978-00007151 this legislature outside of this
wkYvNRosg4u-00028-00007152-00007430 legislature Mr Speaker we will continue
wkYvNRosg4u-00029-00007431-00007678 to cooperate with any ongoing
wkYvNRosg4u-00030-00007679-00007906 investigation mr. speaker but the matter
wkYvNRosg4u-00031-00007908-00008081 is before the courts and I know that the
wkYvNRosg4u-00032-00008081-00008342 member opted understand sex cachaca
wkYvNRosg4u-00033-00008343-00008612 mention back to the premier my
wkYvNRosg4u-00034-00008613-00008849 predecessor as member of Leeds Grenville
wkYvNRosg4u-00035-00008850-00009056 took his role in this democratic
wkYvNRosg4u-00036-00009057-00009380 institution very very seriously while
wkYvNRosg4u-00037-00009381-00009545 there was an investigation the Solicitor
wkYvNRosg4u-00038-00009546-00009764 General stepped aside and he returned
wkYvNRosg4u-00039-00009765-00009958 when he was cleared of any wrongdoing
wkYvNRosg4u-00040-00009959-00010199 the premier the Minister of Energy needs
wkYvNRosg4u-00041-00010200-00010433 to do the same mr. speaker will the
wkYvNRosg4u-00042-00010434-00010699 premier ask the minister to set aside
wkYvNRosg4u-00043-00010700-00010878 until the case of
wkYvNRosg4u-00044-00010879-00011184 / former deputy chief of staff has
wkYvNRosg4u-00045-00011185-00011853 concluded I think thank you very much
wkYvNRosg4u-00046-00011854-00012094 mr. Speaker I just want to make one
wkYvNRosg4u-00047-00012095-00012249 point very clear because I think it's
wkYvNRosg4u-00048-00012250-00012627 important to note that the the Minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00049-00012628-00012832 from energy is under no investigation i
wkYvNRosg4u-00050-00012833-00013102 speaker they are no charges laid against
wkYvNRosg4u-00051-00013103-00013378 the Minister of Energy so the assertion
wkYvNRosg4u-00052-00013379-00013597 the member opposite is making are
wkYvNRosg4u-00053-00013597-00013878 absolutely incorrect our speaker and I
wkYvNRosg4u-00054-00013879-00014094 do want to remind again and echo what
wkYvNRosg4u-00055-00014095-00014263 the premier said that this matter is
wkYvNRosg4u-00056-00014263-00014524 before the court there are allegations
wkYvNRosg4u-00057-00014525-00014662 and charges laid against certain
wkYvNRosg4u-00058-00014663-00014833 individuals none of them serve in this
wkYvNRosg4u-00059-00014834-00015049 legislature speaker and we should let
wkYvNRosg4u-00060-00015050-00015361 the course I'll handle the matter based
wkYvNRosg4u-00061-00015362-00015603 on on evidence and in the rules of
wkYvNRosg4u-00062-00015604-00015778 procedure and the evidentiary rules that
wkYvNRosg4u-00063-00015779-00015946 apply in the course not in this
wkYvNRosg4u-00064-00015947-00016113 legislature thank you very much thank
wkYvNRosg4u-00065-00016115-00016291 you final supplementary I'm going to go
wkYvNRosg4u-00066-00016291-00016455 back to the premier I'm puzzled by that
wkYvNRosg4u-00067-00016456-00016717 answer when the integrity of a minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00068-00016718-00016869 or their office are called into question
wkYvNRosg4u-00069-00016870-00017146 the minister has a responsibility to
wkYvNRosg4u-00070-00017147-00017434 step aside until the investigation is
wkYvNRosg4u-00071-00017435-00017634 complete when the member for Eglinton
wkYvNRosg4u-00072-00017635-00017925 Lawrence was criticized by the Auditor
wkYvNRosg4u-00073-00017926-00018150 General for a scandal in his ministry
wkYvNRosg4u-00074-00018151-00018439 the members stepped aside our current
wkYvNRosg4u-00075-00018440-00018658 Minister of Energy has been named in a
wkYvNRosg4u-00076-00018659-00018937 charge laid by the OPP and he accuses
wkYvNRosg4u-00077-00018938-00019339 them of wrongdoing it is disrespectful
wkYvNRosg4u-00078-00019340-00019540 to the office he holds to remain as a
wkYvNRosg4u-00079-00019541-00019825 minister while the case is before the
wkYvNRosg4u-00080-00019826-00020044 courts mr. speaker will the premier
wkYvNRosg4u-00081-00020045-00020314 demand that the ministers step aside
wkYvNRosg4u-00082-00020315-00020622 until the case against her former deputy
wkYvNRosg4u-00083-00020623-00021749 chief of staff has concluded
wkYvNRosg4u-00084-00021750-00022221 Thank You tree general Vigo the Minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00085-00022222-00022458 of Energy is under no investigation so
wkYvNRosg4u-00086-00022459-00022701 the there has been no charges laid
wkYvNRosg4u-00087-00022702-00023196 against Minister of Energy he he has
wkYvNRosg4u-00088-00023197-00023514 cooperated with with all investigations
wkYvNRosg4u-00089-00023515-00023733 that has taken place up to this point
wkYvNRosg4u-00090-00023734-00024002 speaker member opposite knows very well
wkYvNRosg4u-00091-00024003-00024380 he knows your comment speaker yesterday
wkYvNRosg4u-00092-00024381-00024579 that you make in this in this house and
wkYvNRosg4u-00093-00024580-00024768 I'm sure agree you read them again last
wkYvNRosg4u-00094-00024769-00024858 night
wkYvNRosg4u-00095-00024859-00025074 that this matter is before the course
wkYvNRosg4u-00096-00025075-00025284 and the only appropriate place for this
wkYvNRosg4u-00097-00025285-00025566 matter to be tried or litigated is in a
wkYvNRosg4u-00098-00025567-00025628 court of law
wkYvNRosg4u-00099-00025629-00025937 thank you question remember from
wkYvNRosg4u-00100-00025938-00026124 Richmond speaker my question is for the
wkYvNRosg4u-00101-00026125-00026343 premier I want to remind the legislature
wkYvNRosg4u-00102-00026344-00026625 of a time when liberal ministers had
wkYvNRosg4u-00103-00026626-00026961 integrity the former Minister of Finance
wkYvNRosg4u-00104-00026962-00027201 Brett's or Baron now listen listen up
wkYvNRosg4u-00105-00027202-00027302 and B'Elanna
wkYvNRosg4u-00106-00027304-00027464 [Applause]
wkYvNRosg4u-00107-00027464-00028068 come to order if I knew who said it
wkYvNRosg4u-00108-00028069-00028295 they'd have to withdraw and if you did
wkYvNRosg4u-00109-00028297-00028449 say it you can withdraw without me
wkYvNRosg4u-00110-00028450-00029019 telling you to I'm not referring to
wkYvNRosg4u-00111-00029020-00029175 anyone I made it clear are you
wkYvNRosg4u-00112-00029176-00029933 withdrawing thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00113-00029934-00030248 carry on nursery finance Gregg saw Berra
wkYvNRosg4u-00114-00030249-00030455 resigned from his office when he became
wkYvNRosg4u-00115-00030456-00030726 aware aware of a search warrant alleging
wkYvNRosg4u-00116-00030727-00030870 he was the subject of an RCMP
wkYvNRosg4u-00117-00030870-00030971 investigation
wkYvNRosg4u-00118-00030972-00031211 his name was simply in a search warrant
wkYvNRosg4u-00119-00031212-00031496 and he stepped aside until his name was
wkYvNRosg4u-00120-00031497-00031770 cleared now we have a top liberal aide
wkYvNRosg4u-00121-00031770-00031998 being accused of bribing a minister of
wkYvNRosg4u-00122-00031999-00032207 the crown and the minister still holds
wkYvNRosg4u-00123-00032208-00032451 office mr. speaker this is incredibly
wkYvNRosg4u-00124-00032452-00032676 inappropriate why does the premier
wkYvNRosg4u-00125-00032677-00032901 refuse to have the minister step aside
wkYvNRosg4u-00126-00032902-00033161 until the case against you former deputy
wkYvNRosg4u-00127-00033162-00033587 chief of staff has concluded that the
wkYvNRosg4u-00128-00033588-00033764 Attorney General has said the Ministry
wkYvNRosg4u-00129-00033765-00033932 of Energy is under no investigation this
wkYvNRosg4u-00130-00033933-00034088 matters before the court and the member
wkYvNRosg4u-00131-00034089-00034274 opposite knows full well that we need to
wkYvNRosg4u-00132-00034275-00034514 let that court process unfold mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00133-00034515-00034701 speaker not in this legislature but
wkYvNRosg4u-00134-00034702-00035077 within the court system mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00135-00035078-00035305 back to it back to the premiere at no
wkYvNRosg4u-00136-00035306-00035467 time have I accused the minister of
wkYvNRosg4u-00137-00035468-00035707 wrongdoing but the charges against pat
wkYvNRosg4u-00138-00035708-00035932 Sorbara speak for themselves she is
wkYvNRosg4u-00139-00035933-00036217 accused of offering an alleged bribe to
wkYvNRosg4u-00140-00036218-00036430 the current Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-00141-00036431-00036681 regardless being named in a charge is
wkYvNRosg4u-00142-00036682-00036886 unbecoming of a minister of the crown
wkYvNRosg4u-00143-00036887-00037219 and the minister must step aside mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00144-00037220-00037423 speaker will the premier turn to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00145-00037424-00037729 minister extend her hand and accept his
wkYvNRosg4u-00146-00037730-00039402 letter of thank thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00147-00039403-00039968 Thank You finger Journal mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00148-00039969-00040093 appreciate and theatrics on the other
wkYvNRosg4u-00149-00040094-00040274 other side from the member opposite
wkYvNRosg4u-00150-00040275-00040618 let's be absolutely clear speaker the
wkYvNRosg4u-00151-00040619-00040765 minister of engine is under no
wkYvNRosg4u-00152-00040766-00041093 investigation whatsoever charge that we
wkYvNRosg4u-00153-00041094-00041342 later gives to individuals which do not
wkYvNRosg4u-00154-00041343-00041527 serve in this legislature the matters
wkYvNRosg4u-00155-00041528-00041696 before the court speaker and that's
wkYvNRosg4u-00156-00041697-00041962 where it should be tried and litigate it
wkYvNRosg4u-00157-00041963-00042089 thank you very much thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00158-00042090-00042320 supplementary back to the premier this
wkYvNRosg4u-00159-00042321-00042487 Liberal government has killed a lot of
wkYvNRosg4u-00160-00042488-00042724 traditions in this province but it's sad
wkYvNRosg4u-00161-00042725-00042917 to say they've killed the tradition
wkYvNRosg4u-00162-00042918-00043183 actually no the duty of ministerial
wkYvNRosg4u-00163-00043184-00043387 responsibilities there used to be a time
wkYvNRosg4u-00164-00043388-00043535 when ministers took their integrity
wkYvNRosg4u-00165-00043536-00043805 seriously and believed they had to have
wkYvNRosg4u-00166-00043806-00044083 the trust of the province but not no
wkYvNRosg4u-00167-00044084-00044324 longer exists in liberal Ontario mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00168-00044325-00044377 speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00169-00044378-00044624 one last time I implore the premier
wkYvNRosg4u-00170-00044625-00044908 please premier do the right thing new
wkYvNRosg4u-00171-00044909-00045173 stand-up premier walk over to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00172-00045174-00046193 minister's desk and ask him to resign
wkYvNRosg4u-00173-00046194-00046563 thank you turn eternal speaker once
wkYvNRosg4u-00174-00046564-00046917 again the minister is under no
wkYvNRosg4u-00175-00046918-00047142 investigation the allegations in
wkYvNRosg4u-00176-00047143-00047343 questions that are now before the course
wkYvNRosg4u-00177-00047344-00047574 has nothing to do with ministers
wkYvNRosg4u-00178-00047575-00047782 responsibility as a Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-00179-00047783-00048073 or either so a speaker there is no Nexus
wkYvNRosg4u-00180-00048074-00048396 there is no connection this is a totally
wkYvNRosg4u-00181-00048397-00048744 separate matter that does not involves
wkYvNRosg4u-00182-00048745-00048982 the minister and his responsibilities as
wkYvNRosg4u-00183-00048983-00049173 the Minister of Energy the most
wkYvNRosg4u-00184-00049174-00049398 appropriate place for this matter to be
wkYvNRosg4u-00185-00049399-00049635 dealt with is in the court of law it is
wkYvNRosg4u-00186-00049636-00049914 for reason is stated the rule is stated
wkYvNRosg4u-00187-00049915-00050133 in our standing order rules speaker you
wkYvNRosg4u-00188-00050134-00050280 are referred to it very clearly
wkYvNRosg4u-00189-00050281-00050511 yesterday and iris asked the member
wkYvNRosg4u-00190-00050512-00050692 opposite and all honorable members of
wkYvNRosg4u-00191-00050693-00050919 this house to respect the rules that are
wkYvNRosg4u-00192-00050920-00051073 laid out in our Standing Orders and let
wkYvNRosg4u-00193-00051074-00051274 this matter be dealt with in the court
wkYvNRosg4u-00194-00051275-00051570 of law thank you q Park the member from
wkYvNRosg4u-00195-00051571-00051816 Graham leg or Moulton thank you very
wkYvNRosg4u-00196-00051817-00052371 much my question is to the premier there
wkYvNRosg4u-00197-00052372-00052549 is very clearly an allegation of bribery
wkYvNRosg4u-00198-00052550-00052875 against mr. Barra the allegation of
wkYvNRosg4u-00199-00052876-00053134 bribery also includes a second
wkYvNRosg4u-00200-00053135-00053374 allegation that is inferred when you
wkYvNRosg4u-00201-00053375-00053590 when you allege to bribe someone then
wkYvNRosg4u-00202-00053591-00053821 you don't remember a potential or
wkYvNRosg4u-00203-00053822-00054049 someone accepting that bribery that's
wkYvNRosg4u-00204-00054050-00054190 another allegation a potential
wkYvNRosg4u-00205-00054191-00054393 allegation during this investigation
wkYvNRosg4u-00206-00054394-00054661 it's before the courts absolutely the
wkYvNRosg4u-00207-00054662-00054801 honorable thing to do in this
wkYvNRosg4u-00208-00054802-00055038 circumstance is to have the minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00209-00055039-00055257 step down while this investigations
wkYvNRosg4u-00210-00055258-00055447 going on he's connected in some way so
wkYvNRosg4u-00211-00055448-00055812 why hasn't the premier yet accepted the
wkYvNRosg4u-00212-00055813-00055954 resignation of the Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-00213-00055954-00056032 why not
wkYvNRosg4u-00214-00056033-00056378 [Applause]
wkYvNRosg4u-00215-00056379-00056624 again Mr Speaker I will say to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00216-00056625-00056750 member opposite he used the word
wkYvNRosg4u-00217-00056751-00056922 allegations perhaps three or four times
wkYvNRosg4u-00218-00056923-00057050 and he's right these are just
wkYvNRosg4u-00219-00057051-00057269 allegations and the only place for those
wkYvNRosg4u-00220-00057270-00057504 allegations to be proven right or wrong
wkYvNRosg4u-00221-00057504-00057749 speaker is in a court of law not in this
wkYvNRosg4u-00222-00057750-00057936 legislature there's a long-standing rule
wkYvNRosg4u-00223-00057937-00058185 that relates to veterans not be
wkYvNRosg4u-00224-00058186-00058449 litigated in this house because they're
wkYvNRosg4u-00225-00058450-00058712 before a court or tribunal the member
wkYvNRosg4u-00226-00058713-00058899 opposite is a is a learned counsel I
wkYvNRosg4u-00227-00058900-00059105 know he's in his rules well he's been a
wkYvNRosg4u-00228-00059106-00059288 defense counsel he understands the
wkYvNRosg4u-00229-00059289-00059480 notion an important principle of
wkYvNRosg4u-00230-00059481-00059661 presumption of innocence I only asked
wkYvNRosg4u-00231-00059662-00059871 him to respect those thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00232-00059872-00060072 supplemental thank you very much mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00233-00060073-00060230 Peter mr. speaker I think the government
wkYvNRosg4u-00234-00060231-00060348 doesn't understand what's going on here
wkYvNRosg4u-00235-00060349-00060575 this is not a matter of litigating the
wkYvNRosg4u-00236-00060576-00060729 case no one's trying to litigate the
wkYvNRosg4u-00237-00060729-00060941 case here and if you have that belief
wkYvNRosg4u-00238-00060942-00061197 you're clearly mistaken this is a matter
wkYvNRosg4u-00239-00061198-00061367 of integrity the people of Ontario
wkYvNRosg4u-00240-00061368-00061584 deserve a government with integrity they
wkYvNRosg4u-00241-00061585-00061746 deserve a premier that puts the
wkYvNRosg4u-00242-00061747-00061884 interests of the people of this province
wkYvNRosg4u-00243-00061885-00062219 ahead of her party of her friends of
wkYvNRosg4u-00244-00062220-00062432 protecting people and minutes in cabinet
wkYvNRosg4u-00245-00062433-00062651 positions given the very serious nature
wkYvNRosg4u-00246-00062652-00062790 of the allegations that yes they are
wkYvNRosg4u-00247-00062791-00062985 allegations but they are very serious
wkYvNRosg4u-00248-00062986-00063182 given the serious nature of these
wkYvNRosg4u-00249-00063183-00063372 allegations there is a responsibility
wkYvNRosg4u-00250-00063373-00063629 for the premier to do something does the
wkYvNRosg4u-00251-00063630-00063875 previous appropriate for the minister to
wkYvNRosg4u-00252-00063876-00064067 continue in cabinet while these
wkYvNRosg4u-00253-00064068-00064465 allegations are ongoing
wkYvNRosg4u-00254-00064466-00064674 mr. speaker absolutely the matter is
wkYvNRosg4u-00255-00064675-00064762 serious
wkYvNRosg4u-00256-00064763-00065059 therefore the matter is a shadnagar
wkYvNRosg4u-00257-00065060-00065422 epidemic in a in a partisan environment
wkYvNRosg4u-00258-00065423-00065605 like the question period speaker that's
wkYvNRosg4u-00259-00065606-00065797 why that that particular rule exists
wkYvNRosg4u-00260-00065798-00066034 these are these are allegations these
wkYvNRosg4u-00261-00066035-00066349 are that have to be doubt in front of a
wkYvNRosg4u-00262-00066350-00066628 impartial judge speaker that is why
wkYvNRosg4u-00263-00066629-00066811 we've got the independence between the
wkYvNRosg4u-00264-00066812-00067048 between the judiciary the executive and
wkYvNRosg4u-00265-00067049-00067255 our legislative arm speaker we should
wkYvNRosg4u-00266-00067256-00067474 all respect those very important
wkYvNRosg4u-00267-00067475-00067678 divisions of powers our mr. speaker and
wkYvNRosg4u-00268-00067679-00067986 we should not be litigating allegations
wkYvNRosg4u-00269-00067987-00068280 conjectures speculations and Curie's in
wkYvNRosg4u-00270-00068281-00068560 this house I urge members opposite again
wkYvNRosg4u-00271-00068561-00068779 speaker that we should let this matter
wkYvNRosg4u-00272-00068780-00068971 to be dealt with in the court of law
wkYvNRosg4u-00273-00068972-00069201 thank you thank you Santos Harper madam
wkYvNRosg4u-00274-00069202-00069424 Speaker I urge the government to review
wkYvNRosg4u-00275-00069425-00069634 this question these questions enhancer
wkYvNRosg4u-00276-00069635-00069837 there is no litigation of the offense
wkYvNRosg4u-00277-00069838-00069993 here I'm not litigating the offense I'm
wkYvNRosg4u-00278-00069994-00070171 simply saying that people of this
wkYvNRosg4u-00279-00070172-00070324 province deserve a government with
wkYvNRosg4u-00280-00070325-00070561 integrity when you have allegations that
wkYvNRosg4u-00281-00070562-00070816 involve a cabinet minister there are
wkYvNRosg4u-00282-00070817-00070962 certain responsibilities that this
wkYvNRosg4u-00283-00070963-00071236 government must act on it's very clear
wkYvNRosg4u-00284-00071237-00071406 that this has never happened in the
wkYvNRosg4u-00285-00071407-00071631 history of this province ever before
wkYvNRosg4u-00286-00071632-00071848 where we have a cabinet minister that is
wkYvNRosg4u-00287-00071849-00072063 involved in allegations the allegations
wkYvNRosg4u-00288-00072064-00072363 involve his name involve a bribe of the
wkYvNRosg4u-00289-00072364-00072651 minister of this palace it's very clear
wkYvNRosg4u-00290-00072652-00072819 the allegations are absolutely cleared
wkYvNRosg4u-00291-00072820-00073167 so why will a minister not step down and
wkYvNRosg4u-00292-00073168-00073396 prove to Ontarians that they're capable
wkYvNRosg4u-00293-00073397-00073575 of putting aside their blind
wkYvNRosg4u-00294-00073576-00073767 partisanship that they're capable of
wkYvNRosg4u-00295-00073768-00073909 putting the interests of the people of
wkYvNRosg4u-00296-00073910-00074110 this province ahead of their own party's
wkYvNRosg4u-00297-00074111-00074317 interest partially can't they do the
wkYvNRosg4u-00298-00074318-00074481 honorable thing
wkYvNRosg4u-00299-00074482-00074965 [Applause]
wkYvNRosg4u-00300-00074966-00076791 you see the trick
wkYvNRosg4u-00301-00076792-00077239 attorney general Speaker I think the
wkYvNRosg4u-00302-00077240-00077401 member opposite knows and I know he's
wkYvNRosg4u-00303-00077402-00077851 he's doing his very best to stretch this
wkYvNRosg4u-00304-00077852-00078124 this issue i speaker the allegations
wkYvNRosg4u-00305-00078125-00078379 that in question has nothing to do with
wkYvNRosg4u-00306-00078380-00078565 the minister's responsibility as the
wkYvNRosg4u-00307-00078566-00078936 Minister of Energy the allegations are
wkYvNRosg4u-00308-00078937-00079303 not towards the the Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-00309-00079304-00079645 the the government and the pre premier
wkYvNRosg4u-00310-00079646-00079924 speaker remains very focused on their
wkYvNRosg4u-00311-00079925-00080128 responsibilities and their obligations
wkYvNRosg4u-00312-00080129-00080326 to the people of Ontario this is a
wkYvNRosg4u-00313-00080327-00080695 matter that is before the court speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00314-00080696-00080962 and the member opposite knows very well
wkYvNRosg4u-00315-00080963-00081247 that it should be litigated before the
wkYvNRosg4u-00316-00081248-00081481 courts not in this legislature thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00317-00081482-00081559 thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00318-00081560-00081817 new question then we can I'm only going
wkYvNRosg4u-00319-00081818-00081955 Thank You mr. speaker my question again
wkYvNRosg4u-00320-00081956-00082159 is the premier mr. speaker I think that
wkYvNRosg4u-00321-00082160-00082279 government needs to get new speaking
wkYvNRosg4u-00322-00082280-00082471 notes no one is talking about litigating
wkYvNRosg4u-00323-00082472-00082663 this case we're asking a very clear
wkYvNRosg4u-00324-00082664-00082882 thing here during the last provincial
wkYvNRosg4u-00325-00082883-00083157 election this premier promised Ontarians
wkYvNRosg4u-00326-00083158-00083431 she promised Ontarians that she would be
wkYvNRosg4u-00327-00083432-00083686 different she promised the people that
wkYvNRosg4u-00328-00083687-00083905 this under her leadership that they have
wkYvNRosg4u-00329-00083906-00084057 this party would not be understood the
wkYvNRosg4u-00330-00084058-00084238 environment come to order like her
wkYvNRosg4u-00331-00084239-00084598 predecessors was yet again the people of
wkYvNRosg4u-00332-00084599-00084841 this province are disappointed will the
wkYvNRosg4u-00333-00084842-00085144 premier put aside her blind partisanship
wkYvNRosg4u-00334-00085145-00085423 put aside or blind partisanship in terms
wkYvNRosg4u-00335-00085424-00085684 of protecting her party and protect the
wkYvNRosg4u-00336-00085685-00086002 people's interests put aside her blind
wkYvNRosg4u-00337-00086003-00086170 partnership and support the needs of the
wkYvNRosg4u-00338-00086171-00086380 people of this province and ask the
wkYvNRosg4u-00339-00086381-00086635 Minister of Energy to simply step aside
wkYvNRosg4u-00340-00086636-00086926 during this very serious allegation
wkYvNRosg4u-00341-00086927-00087464 question thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00342-00087465-00087845 you know the the member opposite is is
wkYvNRosg4u-00343-00087846-00088202 asking us to focus on on the people of
wkYvNRosg4u-00344-00088203-00088361 Ontario and I just want to say mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00345-00088362-00088631 speaker that every morning when I get up
wkYvNRosg4u-00346-00088632-00088841 and every morning when we begin our work
wkYvNRosg4u-00347-00088842-00089096 here we are focusing on the people of
wkYvNRosg4u-00348-00089097-00090011 Ontario and in their homes we're
wkYvNRosg4u-00349-00090012-00090164 focusing on the needs of our
wkYvNRosg4u-00350-00090165-00090350 municipalities to have infrastructure
wkYvNRosg4u-00351-00090351-00090569 mr. speaker all of that is the work that
wkYvNRosg4u-00352-00090570-00091094 we are remember from Renfrew Nipissing
wkYvNRosg4u-00353-00091095-00091911 Pembroke come to order
wkYvNRosg4u-00354-00091912-00092191 finger that is the work of our
wkYvNRosg4u-00355-00092192-00092329 government is just because that is the
wkYvNRosg4u-00356-00092330-00092539 plan that we are implementing I have
wkYvNRosg4u-00357-00092540-00092713 been very open with the media I've been
wkYvNRosg4u-00358-00092714-00092920 opening the legislature I have answered
wkYvNRosg4u-00359-00092921-00093133 questions over and over again I said in
wkYvNRosg4u-00360-00093134-00093379 2015 that if and when there were charges
wkYvNRosg4u-00361-00093380-00093610 laid mr. speaker that pastor Vera would
wkYvNRosg4u-00362-00093611-00093799 step aside hat structure Vera has
wkYvNRosg4u-00363-00093800-00093949 stepped aside she did it she has done
wkYvNRosg4u-00364-00093950-00094105 exactly what I said would happen mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00365-00094106-00094300 speaker now the matter is before the
wkYvNRosg4u-00366-00094301-00094903 courts and we thank you from Princeton
wkYvNRosg4u-00367-00094904-00095184 red Hastings come to order
wkYvNRosg4u-00368-00095185-00095482 supplementary mr. speaker it shouldn't
wkYvNRosg4u-00369-00095483-00095683 take criminal charges for the government
wkYvNRosg4u-00370-00095684-00095845 to display that they have integrity it
wkYvNRosg4u-00371-00095846-00096058 shouldn't require that this is yet
wkYvNRosg4u-00372-00096059-00096304 another example of the premier allowing
wkYvNRosg4u-00373-00096305-00096547 the concern for her party to take
wkYvNRosg4u-00374-00096548-00096784 precedence over the responsibilities of
wkYvNRosg4u-00375-00096785-00097012 governing this province that these are
wkYvNRosg4u-00376-00097013-00097189 the responsibilities of the premium it's
wkYvNRosg4u-00377-00097190-00097537 again liberals protecting liberals will
wkYvNRosg4u-00378-00097538-00097741 the premier for once stop being so
wkYvNRosg4u-00379-00097742-00097992 blindly partisan and put us put the
wkYvNRosg4u-00380-00097993-00098290 provinces interest first understand that
wkYvNRosg4u-00381-00098291-00098446 the faith in this government is being
wkYvNRosg4u-00382-00098447-00098701 questioned right now the province has a
wkYvNRosg4u-00383-00098702-00098923 responsibility to ensure that that faith
wkYvNRosg4u-00384-00098924-00099265 is kept strong and asked the minister to
wkYvNRosg4u-00385-00099266-00099787 step aside during these allegations mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00386-00099788-00099841 speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00387-00099842-00100111 I'm not a lawyer but the member opposite
wkYvNRosg4u-00388-00100112-00100315 is a lawyer so he knows we're not
wkYvNRosg4u-00389-00100316-00100480 talking about criminal charges mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00390-00100481-00100669 speaker even though he uses that
wkYvNRosg4u-00391-00100670-00100762 language I
wkYvNRosg4u-00392-00100763-00101013 zoom intentionally I can't I can't
wkYvNRosg4u-00393-00101014-00101187 second-guess that but I assume he uses
wkYvNRosg4u-00394-00101188-00101331 that intentionally but these are not
wkYvNRosg4u-00395-00101332-00101497 criminal charges we're talking about I
wkYvNRosg4u-00396-00101498-00101793 said in 2015 that if and when charges
wkYvNRosg4u-00397-00101794-00102063 were laid that pastor Vera would step
wkYvNRosg4u-00398-00102064-00102288 aside she has stepped aside mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00399-00102289-00102574 she has done that and our responsibility
wkYvNRosg4u-00400-00102575-00102858 all of us is to understand that under a
wkYvNRosg4u-00401-00102859-00103099 presumption of innocence that matter is
wkYvNRosg4u-00402-00103100-00103372 now before the courts I would expect of
wkYvNRosg4u-00403-00103373-00104248 all of the members in the NDP remember
wkYvNRosg4u-00404-00104249-00104446 for any tuna fishing in Brookes second
wkYvNRosg4u-00405-00104447-00104926 time the minister of indigenous
wkYvNRosg4u-00406-00104927-00105590 relations come to order
wkYvNRosg4u-00407-00105591-00105936 supplementary mrs. speaker did the
wkYvNRosg4u-00408-00105938-00106150 premier learn nothing from waiting so
wkYvNRosg4u-00409-00106151-00106383 long to dismiss her top aide over this
wkYvNRosg4u-00410-00106384-00106627 scandal she said over and over in this
wkYvNRosg4u-00411-00106628-00106864 assembly that she stood by mr. burr and
wkYvNRosg4u-00412-00106865-00107074 that Miss Brett had done nothing wrong
wkYvNRosg4u-00413-00107075-00107391 yet here we are two days after mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00414-00107392-00107599 Barrow was charged by the OPP and the
wkYvNRosg4u-00415-00107600-00107816 premier is making the same mistake again
wkYvNRosg4u-00416-00107817-00108073 she has an opportunity to do the right
wkYvNRosg4u-00417-00108074-00108303 thing there are allegations absolutely
wkYvNRosg4u-00418-00108304-00108499 there are allegations and the minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00419-00108500-00108646 is entitled to and everyone involved
wkYvNRosg4u-00420-00108647-00108783 this is entitled to the presumption of
wkYvNRosg4u-00421-00108784-00108964 innocence but there's a certain
wkYvNRosg4u-00422-00108965-00109147 perception here there's a perception
wkYvNRosg4u-00423-00109148-00109423 that there is a allegation involving the
wkYvNRosg4u-00424-00109424-00109641 minister there's a bribery allegation of
wkYvNRosg4u-00425-00109642-00109809 that Minister that Minister has a
wkYvNRosg4u-00426-00109810-00110014 responsibility to step aside during this
wkYvNRosg4u-00427-00110015-00110214 investigation it's the right thing to do
wkYvNRosg4u-00428-00110215-00110674 so will the premier do the right thing
wkYvNRosg4u-00429-00110675-00111073 and ask her minister to step aside until
wkYvNRosg4u-00430-00111074-00111871 until this matters that way
wkYvNRosg4u-00431-00111872-00112252 be seated please Thank You Attorney
wkYvNRosg4u-00432-00112253-00112682 General player in terms of the actions
wkYvNRosg4u-00433-00112683-00112994 Jesus taking when mr. Peres
wkYvNRosg4u-00434-00112995-00113357 I was was charged under the Elections
wkYvNRosg4u-00435-00113358-00113771 Act offenses the she no longer premier
wkYvNRosg4u-00436-00113772-00113882 took the step will be showing that she
wkYvNRosg4u-00437-00113883-00114235 no longer works for the Ontario Liberal
wkYvNRosg4u-00438-00114236-00114548 Party speaker in this matter there are
wkYvNRosg4u-00439-00114549-00114838 no allegations that relates to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00440-00114839-00114952 Minister of Energy there are no
wkYvNRosg4u-00441-00114953-00115147 allegations that relates to his
wkYvNRosg4u-00442-00115148-00115429 responsibility as the Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-00443-00115430-00115844 speaker there these are allegations that
wkYvNRosg4u-00444-00115845-00116270 vary as separate and aside from the
wkYvNRosg4u-00445-00116271-00116503 business of this House speaker and the
wkYvNRosg4u-00446-00116504-00116720 only appropriate venue the only right
wkYvNRosg4u-00447-00116721-00116981 place for that matter to be a doubt good
wkYvNRosg4u-00448-00116982-00117199 speaker is in the court of law I know
wkYvNRosg4u-00449-00117200-00117364 the member opposite knows and respect
wkYvNRosg4u-00450-00117365-00117565 all members to respect the very
wkYvNRosg4u-00451-00117566-00117773 important principle in our legislative
wkYvNRosg4u-00452-00117774-00117928 democracy thank you you're here thank
wkYvNRosg4u-00453-00117929-00117964 you
wkYvNRosg4u-00454-00117965-00118193 new question remember from nificent
wkYvNRosg4u-00455-00118194-00118418 thank you good morning as people my
wkYvNRosg4u-00456-00118419-00118546 question is to the Minister of Finance
wkYvNRosg4u-00457-00118547-00118895 we also know there is a trust deficit in
wkYvNRosg4u-00458-00118896-00119104 the government now we know there's a
wkYvNRosg4u-00459-00119105-00119398 financial deficit as well this morning
wkYvNRosg4u-00460-00119399-00119611 the financial accountability officer
wkYvNRosg4u-00461-00119612-00119911 confirmed what our PC caucus has been
wkYvNRosg4u-00462-00119912-00120151 saying all along the government has a
wkYvNRosg4u-00463-00120152-00120409 multi billion dollar hole in their
wkYvNRosg4u-00464-00120410-00120688 budget forecast he confirmed the
wkYvNRosg4u-00465-00120689-00120985 government is using one-time money from
wkYvNRosg4u-00466-00120986-00121258 the sale of assets to artificially
wkYvNRosg4u-00467-00121259-00121477 balance the budget in an election year
wkYvNRosg4u-00468-00121478-00121825 but the FAO expects a two point six
wkYvNRosg4u-00469-00121826-00122144 billion dollar deficit that year when
wkYvNRosg4u-00470-00122145-00122398 the minister told Ontarians they balance
wkYvNRosg4u-00471-00122399-00122773 the FAO also told us the only way they
wkYvNRosg4u-00472-00122774-00123013 are going to balance after that is to
wkYvNRosg4u-00473-00123014-00123257 raise taxes again or cut services
wkYvNRosg4u-00474-00123258-00123497 further question through you I asked the
wkYvNRosg4u-00475-00123498-00123802 minister are they raising taxes again or
wkYvNRosg4u-00476-00123803-00124394 can we expect more cuts to frontline sir
wkYvNRosg4u-00477-00124395-00124581 Thank You mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00478-00124582-00124833 I like to thank the FAO for his report I
wkYvNRosg4u-00479-00124833-00125039 hope he recovers soon as we all know
wkYvNRosg4u-00480-00125040-00125279 he's on medical leave but let me start
wkYvNRosg4u-00481-00125280-00125552 by saying yet again that were committed
wkYvNRosg4u-00482-00125553-00125808 to balancing the budget by 2017 18 and
wkYvNRosg4u-00483-00125808-00126002 again the year after that which sticker
wkYvNRosg4u-00484-00126003-00126200 we're doing so by controlling our
wkYvNRosg4u-00485-00126201-00126447 spending by stimulate economic growth or
wkYvNRosg4u-00486-00126448-00126578 some of the strategic investments that
wkYvNRosg4u-00487-00126579-00126835 we make the FAO himself has stated
wkYvNRosg4u-00488-00126836-00127178 Ontario's economy posted strong real GDP
wkYvNRosg4u-00489-00127179-00127620 growth it's very difficult to move
wkYvNRosg4u-00490-00127621-00127913 forward when members on the same side as
wkYvNRosg4u-00491-00127914-00128159 the answer being put are engaged in
wkYvNRosg4u-00492-00128160-00128358 heckling back and forth so let's just
wkYvNRosg4u-00493-00128358-00128915 stop please they don't want to hear what
wkYvNRosg4u-00494-00128916-00129144 exactly has happened what is happening
wkYvNRosg4u-00495-00129145-00129318 that we beat our targets seven years in
wkYvNRosg4u-00496-00129319-00129512 a row mr. speaker what has happened is
wkYvNRosg4u-00497-00129513-00129669 because of our strategic investments we
wkYvNRosg4u-00498-00129670-00129918 have oak page 37 the United States IV
wkYvNRosg4u-00499-00129919-00130112 are the country jurisdiction as well mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00500-00130113-00130301 speaker by so doing we're lowering
wkYvNRosg4u-00501-00130302-00130433 unemployment and growing our economy
wkYvNRosg4u-00502-00130434-00130848 here supplemented back to the Minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00503-00130849-00131133 well the numbers are wrong we've been
wkYvNRosg4u-00504-00131134-00131336 telling this government the numbers are
wkYvNRosg4u-00505-00131337-00131610 wrong and now the FAO confirmed that
wkYvNRosg4u-00506-00131611-00132041 today the FAO said quote growth in
wkYvNRosg4u-00507-00132042-00132212 business investment has been
wkYvNRosg4u-00508-00132213-00132590 disappointing over the last four years
wkYvNRosg4u-00509-00132591-00132812 well that's no wonder speaker mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00510-00132813-00133103 terzano alternate resources by more than
wkYvNRosg4u-00511-00133104-00133356 20 percent in the last five years
wkYvNRosg4u-00512-00133357-00133659 the FAO also confirmed that debt levels
wkYvNRosg4u-00513-00133660-00133998 will continue to skyrocket another sixty
wkYvNRosg4u-00514-00133999-00134319 four billion dollars to a record three
wkYvNRosg4u-00515-00134320-00134603 hundred and seventy billion under this
wkYvNRosg4u-00516-00134604-00134891 government Ontario is now both the most
wkYvNRosg4u-00517-00134892-00135251 indebted yet the most taxed province in
wkYvNRosg4u-00518-00135252-00135566 Canada it's clear their repeated pattern
wkYvNRosg4u-00519-00135567-00135831 of waste mismanagement and scandal has
wkYvNRosg4u-00520-00135832-00136076 come home to roost speaker I ask the
wkYvNRosg4u-00521-00136077-00136286 ministers through you will the fall or
wkYvNRosg4u-00522-00136287-00136553 shamak statement recognise the fiscal
wkYvNRosg4u-00523-00136554-00136870 risks revealed by the FAO and
wkYvNRosg4u-00524-00136871-00137107 the update his Falls and connections in
wkYvNRosg4u-00525-00137108-00137623 this budget missus the speaker the fall
wkYvNRosg4u-00526-00137624-00137788 economic statement will indeed talk
wkYvNRosg4u-00527-00137789-00137940 about the challenges faced by all
wkYvNRosg4u-00528-00137941-00138112 countries and jurisdictions around the
wkYvNRosg4u-00529-00138113-00138334 world and recognize the leadership that
wkYvNRosg4u-00530-00138335-00138562 Ontario has taken to ensure that we come
wkYvNRosg4u-00531-00138563-00138852 to balance by 2017-18 and thereafter mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00532-00138853-00139093 speaker the FAO states Ontario's economy
wkYvNRosg4u-00533-00139094-00139365 posted strong real GDP growth over the
wkYvNRosg4u-00534-00139366-00139626 second half of 2015 and into the first
wkYvNRosg4u-00535-00139627-00139764 quarter of 2016
wkYvNRosg4u-00536-00139765-00139960 he also said that he expects that
wkYvNRosg4u-00537-00139961-00140151 because of the strategic investments are
wkYvNRosg4u-00538-00140152-00140344 we're making a boost to growth will
wkYvNRosg4u-00539-00140345-00140599 occur in the third quarter mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00540-00140600-00140884 what has actually happened merchandise
wkYvNRosg4u-00541-00140885-00141094 exports has increased by 10 percent in
wkYvNRosg4u-00542-00141095-00141301 the province of Ontario wholesale trade
wkYvNRosg4u-00543-00141302-00141516 has been up by 7 percent retail sales
wkYvNRosg4u-00544-00141517-00141741 are up by 6 percent and Macri factoring
wkYvNRosg4u-00545-00141742-00142000 sales are up by 7 percent Mr Speaker we
wkYvNRosg4u-00546-00142001-00142179 recognize the challenges we're
wkYvNRosg4u-00547-00142180-00142324 controlling and being disciplined in our
wkYvNRosg4u-00548-00142325-00142531 spending and we are investing in our
wkYvNRosg4u-00549-00142532-00142672 future and our growth to grow the
wkYvNRosg4u-00550-00142673-00142849 economy and come to balance as we said
wkYvNRosg4u-00551-00142850-00143047 we would and we've exceeded and surpass
wkYvNRosg4u-00552-00143048-00143513 your targets every year blast everything
wkYvNRosg4u-00553-00143514-00143843 you say to please
wkYvNRosg4u-00554-00143844-00144281 you see that please new question
wkYvNRosg4u-00555-00144282-00144449 remember from nickel belt see mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-00556-00144450-00144731 Presiden occasional a communist on
wkYvNRosg4u-00557-00144732-00145097 Tuesday Pat cirbar was charged under the
wkYvNRosg4u-00558-00145098-00145366 election act we allegedly bribing the
wkYvNRosg4u-00559-00145367-00145645 current Minister of Energy the charge
wkYvNRosg4u-00560-00145646-00145970 implicating the ministers of Energy has
wkYvNRosg4u-00561-00145971-00146200 shaken the trust of the good people of
wkYvNRosg4u-00562-00146201-00146278 Sudbury
wkYvNRosg4u-00563-00146279-00146597 if the premier agrees that trust is
wkYvNRosg4u-00564-00146598-00146909 critical to our electoral system will
wkYvNRosg4u-00565-00146910-00147187 she ask the minister to resign from her
wkYvNRosg4u-00566-00147188-00147611 cabinet attorney general from him i
wkYvNRosg4u-00567-00147612-00147794 Speaker as I have said it on numerous
wkYvNRosg4u-00568-00147795-00148024 occasions before she buried this notice
wkYvNRosg4u-00569-00148025-00148189 before the course the only appropriate
wkYvNRosg4u-00570-00148190-00148366 place for this matter to be to be dealt
wkYvNRosg4u-00571-00148367-00148549 with is in the in the court of law and I
wkYvNRosg4u-00572-00148550-00148682 urge all members to respect that very
wkYvNRosg4u-00573-00148683-00148828 important principle thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00574-00148829-00149057 thank you supplementary Thank You
wkYvNRosg4u-00575-00149058-00149449 speaker formal charges have been laid by
wkYvNRosg4u-00576-00149450-00149716 the OPP against missus or Bera
wkYvNRosg4u-00577-00149717-00150068 that name Glenn Thibeault we can all
wkYvNRosg4u-00578-00150069-00150379 read it this is about the good people of
wkYvNRosg4u-00579-00150380-00150668 Sudbury being able to trust their
wkYvNRosg4u-00580-00150669-00150995 elected representative when an MPP is
wkYvNRosg4u-00581-00150996-00151336 implicated his name in a bribery charge
wkYvNRosg4u-00582-00151337-00151666 trust in that MPP is obviously thrown
wkYvNRosg4u-00583-00151667-00151951 into question will the premier do the
wkYvNRosg4u-00584-00151952-00152191 right thing by the good people are sub
wkYvNRosg4u-00585-00152192-00152464 buried and ask the Minister of Energy to
wkYvNRosg4u-00586-00152465-00153125 resign his cabinet position
wkYvNRosg4u-00587-00153126-00153459 mr. speaker the the Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-00588-00153460-00153665 the member for Sudbury is an honourable
wkYvNRosg4u-00589-00153666-00153924 man he has in his entire life I've
wkYvNRosg4u-00590-00153925-00154253 served his community he served
wkYvNRosg4u-00591-00154254-00156388 [Music]
wkYvNRosg4u-00592-00156389-00156651 Finnish crews speak of the Member
wkYvNRosg4u-00593-00156652-00156973 Services family his community with
wkYvNRosg4u-00594-00156974-00157321 utmost integrity these allegations has
wkYvNRosg4u-00595-00157322-00157612 nothing to do speaker with the member
wkYvNRosg4u-00596-00157613-00157813 and his responsibilities as the Minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00597-00157814-00158047 of Energy especially as I've said it
wkYvNRosg4u-00598-00158048-00158194 before this matters before the course
wkYvNRosg4u-00599-00158195-00158347 and the only appropriate place for it to
wkYvNRosg4u-00600-00158348-00158512 be to be tried is in a court of law
wkYvNRosg4u-00601-00158513-00158707 thank you thank you no question the
wkYvNRosg4u-00602-00158708-00158941 members from Ottawa self your speaker my
wkYvNRosg4u-00603-00158942-00159103 question is from the mr. transportation
wkYvNRosg4u-00604-00159104-00159376 despite the recent we were weather we've
wkYvNRosg4u-00605-00159377-00159598 seen over the last few days winter is
wkYvNRosg4u-00606-00159599-00159790 coming and that means we are quickly
wkYvNRosg4u-00607-00159791-00160045 approaching shorter days and more hours
wkYvNRosg4u-00608-00160046-00160315 of darkness speaker safety in our roads
wkYvNRosg4u-00609-00160316-00160477 is always a priority but and it's clear
wkYvNRosg4u-00610-00160478-00160681 that when there's more hours of darkness
wkYvNRosg4u-00611-00160682-00160867 we need to take more care on our roads
wkYvNRosg4u-00612-00160868-00161137 we know that certain road users
wkYvNRosg4u-00613-00161138-00161296 specifically cyclists and pedestrians
wkYvNRosg4u-00614-00161297-00161551 that are higher risk on our roads and
wkYvNRosg4u-00615-00161552-00161737 mr. speaker am i riding the bottom of
wkYvNRosg4u-00616-00161738-00161887 South they're just learned there was a
wkYvNRosg4u-00617-00161888-00162076 cyclist struck this morning so every few
wkYvNRosg4u-00618-00162077-00162370 days I hear of a pedestrian or cyclist
wkYvNRosg4u-00619-00162371-00162568 being struck and it's a great concern I
wkYvNRosg4u-00620-00162569-00162754 know to all members of this I was Road
wkYvNRosg4u-00621-00162755-00162955 safety for those people they represent
wkYvNRosg4u-00622-00162956-00163129 so Mr Speaker I'm particularly
wkYvNRosg4u-00623-00163130-00163240 interested to hear about what the
wkYvNRosg4u-00624-00163241-00163429 government is doing with pedestrians in
wkYvNRosg4u-00625-00163430-00163585 mind so could the Minister please inform
wkYvNRosg4u-00626-00163586-00163765 this house what we are doing in this
wkYvNRosg4u-00627-00163766-00163968 regard thank you thank you mr. chair
wkYvNRosg4u-00628-00163969-00164206 thanks very much thanks very much good I
wkYvNRosg4u-00629-00164207-00164338 want to begin of course by thanking the
wkYvNRosg4u-00630-00164339-00164455 member from Ottawa South for the
wkYvNRosg4u-00631-00164456-00164632 question and for his advocacy on this
wkYvNRosg4u-00632-00164633-00164712 issue
wkYvNRosg4u-00633-00164713-00164968 unfortunately speaker last evening and
wkYvNRosg4u-00634-00164969-00165109 over the course of the last number of
wkYvNRosg4u-00635-00165110-00165325 weeks a number of pedestrians
wkYvNRosg4u-00636-00165326-00165490 pedestrians and other road users like
wkYvNRosg4u-00637-00165491-00165754 cyclists have been hit by vehicles in
wkYvNRosg4u-00638-00165755-00165970 cities like Toronto and in others across
wkYvNRosg4u-00639-00165971-00166129 the province speaker of course this is
wkYvNRosg4u-00640-00166130-00166357 extremely unfortunate for all of us to
wkYvNRosg4u-00641-00166358-00166564 hear but it does go to show that we all
wkYvNRosg4u-00642-00166565-00166792 have a collective responsibility both to
wkYvNRosg4u-00643-00166793-00167044 do more and to do better with darker
wkYvNRosg4u-00644-00167045-00167212 conditions and in this case recently
wkYvNRosg4u-00645-00167213-00167506 rainy conditions as well there is an
wkYvNRosg4u-00646-00167507-00167701 increased risk for collisions I should
wkYvNRosg4u-00647-00167702-00167887 also point out speaker this coming
wkYvNRosg4u-00648-00167888-00168034 weekend the clocks the times are
wkYvNRosg4u-00649-00168035-00168283 changing and it's it's particularly at
wkYvNRosg4u-00650-00168284-00168481 this time of year that issues relating
wkYvNRosg4u-00651-00168482-00168631 to road safety are a particular
wkYvNRosg4u-00652-00168632-00168862 importance a speaker I purposely said
wkYvNRosg4u-00653-00168863-00169000 collisions and not accidents that
wkYvNRosg4u-00654-00169001-00169204 because because many of the collisions
wkYvNRosg4u-00655-00169205-00169384 that were distressing on our roadways
wkYvNRosg4u-00656-00169385-00169415 are
wkYvNRosg4u-00657-00169416-00169598 in fact preventable in my follow-up
wkYvNRosg4u-00658-00169599-00169727 answer speaker I'll talk a little bit
wkYvNRosg4u-00659-00169728-00169961 more about a promotional campaign that's
wkYvNRosg4u-00660-00169962-00170140 underway that light on this issue
wkYvNRosg4u-00661-00170141-00170441 complimentary Thank You mr. speaker and
wkYvNRosg4u-00662-00170442-00170603 thank the Minister for that answer
wkYvNRosg4u-00663-00170604-00170762 and it's I'm glad that he used the word
wkYvNRosg4u-00664-00170763-00170915 collisions because many of these things
wkYvNRosg4u-00665-00170916-00171101 are preventable and I'm glad that the
wkYvNRosg4u-00666-00171102-00171362 ministry is working so closely with the
wkYvNRosg4u-00667-00171363-00171515 road safety partners I know in the city
wkYvNRosg4u-00668-00171516-00171713 of ottawa police and their step program
wkYvNRosg4u-00669-00171714-00171908 right now we're focusing on red light
wkYvNRosg4u-00670-00171909-00172268 and stop sign runners so I want to
wkYvNRosg4u-00671-00172269-00172457 congratulate them for their work so and
wkYvNRosg4u-00672-00172458-00172625 as the minister noted in his answer
wkYvNRosg4u-00673-00172626-00172745 we're all going to be returning to our
wkYvNRosg4u-00674-00172746-00172940 ridings next week nothing I'm sure we're
wkYvNRosg4u-00675-00172941-00173240 all looking forward to and I know that
wkYvNRosg4u-00676-00173241-00173510 this issue is of top priority to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00677-00173511-00173666 people that we represent
wkYvNRosg4u-00678-00173667-00174002 safety on roads safety of especially in
wkYvNRosg4u-00679-00174003-00174230 my riding the children going to school I
wkYvNRosg4u-00680-00174231-00174416 heard of one yesterday being struck by a
wkYvNRosg4u-00681-00174417-00174605 vehicle and this is a great concern to
wkYvNRosg4u-00682-00174606-00174848 us all so I'd like to ask mr. again to
wkYvNRosg4u-00683-00174849-00175004 further elaborate on what we're doing
wkYvNRosg4u-00684-00175005-00175076 for the death penalty
wkYvNRosg4u-00685-00175077-00175265 thank you very much Thank You Minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00686-00175266-00175448 very much speaker again I thank the
wkYvNRosg4u-00687-00175449-00175571 member for the follow-up question
wkYvNRosg4u-00688-00175572-00175769 speaker just this past Wednesday I was
wkYvNRosg4u-00689-00175770-00175955 very happy to participate alongside a
wkYvNRosg4u-00690-00175956-00176171 number of our Road Safety partners at a
wkYvNRosg4u-00691-00176172-00176450 pedestrian safety event this particular
wkYvNRosg4u-00692-00176451-00176690 campaign slogan speaker is be alert and
wkYvNRosg4u-00693-00176691-00176903 be seen seeker I think this is a
wkYvNRosg4u-00694-00176904-00177071 critical message for all of our road
wkYvNRosg4u-00695-00177072-00177290 users particularly those that are in
wkYvNRosg4u-00696-00177291-00177479 that are either pedestrians or are
wkYvNRosg4u-00697-00177480-00177641 cycling speaker and I want to encourage
wkYvNRosg4u-00698-00177642-00177839 all members of the house to help spread
wkYvNRosg4u-00699-00177840-00178022 the word around this particular campaign
wkYvNRosg4u-00700-00178023-00178253 speaker over the years our government
wkYvNRosg4u-00701-00178254-00178517 has increased penalties for drivers by
wkYvNRosg4u-00702-00178518-00178721 both introducing an increasing demerit
wkYvNRosg4u-00703-00178722-00178874 points for violations at high risk
wkYvNRosg4u-00704-00178875-00179087 high-impact locations on our roads and
wkYvNRosg4u-00705-00179088-00179306 everyone here will know that in June of
wkYvNRosg4u-00706-00179307-00179372 2015
wkYvNRosg4u-00707-00179373-00179636 bill 31 passed this legislature with all
wkYvNRosg4u-00708-00179637-00179843 party support this important piece of
wkYvNRosg4u-00709-00179844-00180062 legislation requires drivers for example
wkYvNRosg4u-00710-00180063-00180206 to yield the whole roadway to
wkYvNRosg4u-00711-00180207-00180365 pedestrians at school crossings and
wkYvNRosg4u-00712-00180366-00180554 pedestrian crossovers and it also
wkYvNRosg4u-00713-00180555-00180752 provides municipalities answer the
wkYvNRosg4u-00714-00180753-00180932 option to request crossing devices on
wkYvNRosg4u-00715-00180933-00181136 low speed low volume Road speaker our
wkYvNRosg4u-00716-00181137-00181301 work is not done the Ministry of
wkYvNRosg4u-00717-00181302-00181436 Transportation will continue to work
wkYvNRosg4u-00718-00181437-00181613 with Road partners to make sure that we
wkYvNRosg4u-00719-00181614-00181786 get it right thanks very much
wkYvNRosg4u-00720-00181787-00182016 new question remember from Scarborough
wkYvNRosg4u-00721-00182017-00182322 roofer
wkYvNRosg4u-00722-00182323-00182601 mr. speaker my question is to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00723-00182602-00183001 premier we know Gerry Largay jr. believe
wkYvNRosg4u-00724-00183002-00183226 he had the ability to come Rock second
wkYvNRosg4u-00725-00183227-00183291 time
wkYvNRosg4u-00726-00183292-00183601 appointment jobs whatever caught two
wkYvNRosg4u-00727-00183602-00183903 candidates in separate but what we don't
wkYvNRosg4u-00728-00183904-00184264 know mr. speaker is who ordered the
wkYvNRosg4u-00729-00184265-00184597 Premier's deputy chief of staff and top
wkYvNRosg4u-00730-00184598-00184957 of a liberal fundraiser to offer Andrew
wkYvNRosg4u-00731-00184958-00185202 Olivier and the current Minister of
wkYvNRosg4u-00732-00185203-00185911 Energy and alleged a bride
wkYvNRosg4u-00733-00185912-00186258 thank you very much speaker and I would
wkYvNRosg4u-00734-00186259-00186564 ask the member opposite that I think he
wkYvNRosg4u-00735-00186565-00186910 knows very well exactly what the what
wkYvNRosg4u-00736-00186911-00187087 the rules in this house are speaker that
wkYvNRosg4u-00737-00187088-00187276 this is a matter that is before the
wkYvNRosg4u-00738-00187277-00187416 course and it's highly inappropriate for
wkYvNRosg4u-00739-00187417-00187585 him to ask that question
wkYvNRosg4u-00740-00187586-00187831 oh I remember from Hamilton a stone III
wkYvNRosg4u-00741-00187832-00188418 I completely withdraw cute supplementary
wkYvNRosg4u-00742-00188419-00188719 remember from the auction Thank You
wkYvNRosg4u-00743-00188720-00188940 speaker we know and to the premier we
wkYvNRosg4u-00744-00188941-00189157 know just one day before Jerry Lougheed
wkYvNRosg4u-00745-00189158-00189428 after mr. Olivier and I quote
wkYvNRosg4u-00746-00189429-00189796 appointments jobs or whatever end quote
wkYvNRosg4u-00747-00189797-00190065 Pat severa called the deputy director of
wkYvNRosg4u-00748-00190066-00190285 HR in the premier's office of public
wkYvNRosg4u-00749-00190286-00190563 appointments and human resources on
wkYvNRosg4u-00750-00190564-00190831 December the 10th but what we don't know
wkYvNRosg4u-00751-00190832-00191086 mr. speaker is who ordered the Premier's
wkYvNRosg4u-00752-00191087-00191338 deputy chief of staff and a top liberal
wkYvNRosg4u-00753-00191339-00191611 fundraiser to offer Andrew Olivier and
wkYvNRosg4u-00754-00191612-00191812 the current Minister of Energy an
wkYvNRosg4u-00755-00191813-00192287 alleged bride
wkYvNRosg4u-00756-00192288-00192576 speaker again these are allegations that
wkYvNRosg4u-00757-00192577-00192765 have not been proven in the in the end
wkYvNRosg4u-00758-00192766-00193038 accord the member from the premium
wkYvNRosg4u-00759-00193039-00193377 Carlton come to order the court will
wkYvNRosg4u-00760-00193378-00193659 decide we'll just decide a speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00761-00193660-00193938 whether the veracity of these these
wkYvNRosg4u-00762-00193939-00194109 allegations in the meantime speaker we
wkYvNRosg4u-00763-00194110-00194238 have a very important principle and that
wkYvNRosg4u-00764-00194239-00194442 is a presumption of innocence and I
wkYvNRosg4u-00765-00194443-00194691 respect I ask and respect all members
wkYvNRosg4u-00766-00194692-00194910 will respect that very important
wkYvNRosg4u-00767-00194911-00195105 principle speaker it will be highly
wkYvNRosg4u-00768-00195106-00195312 inappropriate for us to answer any
wkYvNRosg4u-00769-00195313-00195483 questions relating to this matter in the
wkYvNRosg4u-00770-00195484-00195645 house given to the matters before the
wkYvNRosg4u-00771-00195646-00195885 course thank you going to new question
wkYvNRosg4u-00772-00195886-00196074 remember from Kitchener Waterloo thank
wkYvNRosg4u-00773-00196075-00196233 you very much mr. speaker my question is
wkYvNRosg4u-00774-00196234-00196329 to the Attorney General
wkYvNRosg4u-00775-00196330-00196587 it's very clear in the election act that
wkYvNRosg4u-00776-00196588-00196827 directly or indirectly giving or
wkYvNRosg4u-00777-00196828-00197055 procuring an inducement to get someone
wkYvNRosg4u-00778-00197056-00197256 to run is in contravention of the
wkYvNRosg4u-00779-00197257-00197496 election act we learned yesterday that
wkYvNRosg4u-00780-00197497-00197733 one of Pat's or Barry's charges has to
wkYvNRosg4u-00781-00197734-00197940 do with allegedly inducing the Minister
wkYvNRosg4u-00782-00197941-00198213 of Energy these charges are an issue of
wkYvNRosg4u-00783-00198214-00198459 public trust and confidence in this
wkYvNRosg4u-00784-00198460-00198687 government does the Attorney General
wkYvNRosg4u-00785-00198688-00198858 think that the same rules should apply
wkYvNRosg4u-00786-00198859-00199155 to anyone who accepts a position or a
wkYvNRosg4u-00787-00199156-00199426 benefit to run for office
wkYvNRosg4u-00788-00199427-00199594 [Applause]
wkYvNRosg4u-00789-00199595-00199722 [Music]
wkYvNRosg4u-00790-00199723-00199979 speaker speaker the the the member
wkYvNRosg4u-00791-00199980-00200289 asking a question in in light of an
wkYvNRosg4u-00792-00200290-00200540 allegation that is continuing circular
wkYvNRosg4u-00793-00200541-00200787 the charges that were laid number one
wkYvNRosg4u-00794-00200788-00200940 number two speakers she's asking for my
wkYvNRosg4u-00795-00200941-00201203 legal interpretation and I'm not a legal
wkYvNRosg4u-00796-00201204-00201381 expert in the matters of Elections Act
wkYvNRosg4u-00797-00201382-00201708 number three speaker I would rely on the
wkYvNRosg4u-00798-00201709-00201965 course to determine and and and
wkYvNRosg4u-00799-00201966-00202362 interpret the particular provision as
wkYvNRosg4u-00800-00202363-00202548 and also as it relates to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00801-00202549-00202806 allegations before that is exactly why
wkYvNRosg4u-00802-00202807-00203118 speaker that is exactly why it is highly
wkYvNRosg4u-00803-00203119-00203295 inappropriate for the member from our
wkYvNRosg4u-00804-00203296-00203502 door in this house speaker and I urge
wkYvNRosg4u-00805-00203503-00203751 all members to let the courts do their
wkYvNRosg4u-00806-00203752-00204090 job and and not litigate this matter in
wkYvNRosg4u-00807-00204091-00204287 the in the in the house thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00808-00204288-00204582 supplementary thank you again to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00809-00204583-00204774 attorney general I do find it
wkYvNRosg4u-00810-00204775-00204957 interesting that a government under the
wkYvNRosg4u-00811-00204958-00205169 shadow of scandal dealing with alleged
wkYvNRosg4u-00812-00205171-00205292 bribery thinks that they can
wkYvNRosg4u-00813-00205294-00205548 unilaterally change or interpret
wkYvNRosg4u-00814-00205548-00205773 interpret election laws in Ontario
wkYvNRosg4u-00815-00205773-00206028 yesterday our deputy leader filed a
wkYvNRosg4u-00816-00206029-00206237 complaint with Elections Ontario asking
wkYvNRosg4u-00817-00206238-00206475 the chief electoral officer to
wkYvNRosg4u-00818-00206476-00206754 investigate the Minister of Energy now
wkYvNRosg4u-00819-00206755-00206921 the Minister of Energy is on the record
wkYvNRosg4u-00820-00206923-00207198 as saying the premier and I had
wkYvNRosg4u-00821-00207198-00207446 conversations about roles within
wkYvNRosg4u-00822-00207446-00207791 government the role of a backbencher the
wkYvNRosg4u-00823-00207792-00208125 role of a minister we don't know but we
wkYvNRosg4u-00824-00208126-00208289 do want to know and in the opinion of
wkYvNRosg4u-00825-00208290-00208479 the Attorney General why does the
wkYvNRosg4u-00826-00208480-00208784 premier think that the rules of only
wkYvNRosg4u-00827-00208785-00209381 apply to some people and not all
wkYvNRosg4u-00828-00209382-00209889 speaker is because speaker that this
wkYvNRosg4u-00829-00209890-00210033 matters is very clear there's
wkYvNRosg4u-00830-00210034-00210242 allegations in your report allegations
wkYvNRosg4u-00831-00210244-00210402 that are laid against two individuals
wkYvNRosg4u-00832-00210403-00210606 who do not serve in the house the
wkYvNRosg4u-00833-00210607-00210891 allegations does not relate to any
wkYvNRosg4u-00834-00210892-00211169 responsibility of the Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-00835-00211171-00211488 I mean asking any any such question
wkYvNRosg4u-00836-00211489-00211959 speaker in my view are not relevant and
wkYvNRosg4u-00837-00211960-00212208 any allegation speaker that are there
wkYvNRosg4u-00838-00212209-00212460 are to be dealt with in this house not
wkYvNRosg4u-00839-00212461-00212610 to be delve in in the in the court of
wkYvNRosg4u-00840-00212611-00212850 law speaker this is not this is not the
wkYvNRosg4u-00841-00212851-00213098 the place that that member opposite seek
wkYvNRosg4u-00842-00213100-00213269 for my legal interpretation on a
wkYvNRosg4u-00843-00213271-00213480 particular provision of law are not for
wkYvNRosg4u-00844-00213481-00213666 me to offer those those interpretations
wkYvNRosg4u-00845-00213667-00213987 that's exactly the role of our course of
wkYvNRosg4u-00846-00213988-00214230 speaker I trust a judicial sir and I
wkYvNRosg4u-00847-00214231-00214479 urge all members to leave this matter
wkYvNRosg4u-00848-00214480-00214650 before the horse thank you thank you new
wkYvNRosg4u-00849-00214651-00214935 person remember from Davenport - speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00850-00214936-00215115 and my question this morning is to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00851-00215116-00215367 Minister of Tourism culture and sport I
wkYvNRosg4u-00852-00215367-00215628 know that members of this house value
wkYvNRosg4u-00853-00215629-00215766 the important work that the Ontario
wkYvNRosg4u-00854-00215767-00215996 Trillium Foundation does to build
wkYvNRosg4u-00855-00215998-00216177 healthy and vibrant communities across
wkYvNRosg4u-00856-00216178-00216273 Ontario
wkYvNRosg4u-00857-00216273-00216528 last week Minister McMahon was in
wkYvNRosg4u-00858-00216529-00216698 Brampton to announce the most recent
wkYvNRosg4u-00859-00216700-00216888 round of grants that have been approved
wkYvNRosg4u-00860-00216889-00217142 by the Trillium Foundation as part of
wkYvNRosg4u-00861-00217144-00217278 this announcement the minister also
wkYvNRosg4u-00862-00217279-00217467 spoke to a broader province wide
wkYvNRosg4u-00863-00217467-00217719 commitment to support grant recipients
wkYvNRosg4u-00864-00217719-00217959 across Ontario in my own writing of
wkYvNRosg4u-00865-00217960-00218177 Davenport's the Center for mindfulness
wkYvNRosg4u-00866-00218178-00218421 studies and native women in the arts
wkYvNRosg4u-00867-00218421-00218715 received over $50,000 through Trillium
wkYvNRosg4u-00868-00218716-00219000 to help people who are marginalized as
wkYvNRosg4u-00869-00219001-00219186 they take on leadership roles and
wkYvNRosg4u-00870-00219187-00219438 improve community life these programs
wkYvNRosg4u-00871-00219439-00219681 have an impact on the lives of over 180
wkYvNRosg4u-00872-00219682-00219891 people in the community mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-00873-00219892-00220041 through you can the minister please
wkYvNRosg4u-00874-00220042-00220317 inform this house about this most recent
wkYvNRosg4u-00875-00220317-00220496 round of branch of the important impact
wkYvNRosg4u-00876-00220498-00220635 that this round of Trillium Foundation
wkYvNRosg4u-00877-00220636-00220848 grants will have
wkYvNRosg4u-00878-00220850-00221019 [Applause]
wkYvNRosg4u-00879-00221019-00221166 Thank You Speaker I'm pleased to rise
wkYvNRosg4u-00880-00221167-00221313 and answer the members questions about
wkYvNRosg4u-00881-00221314-00221451 the Ontario Trillium Foundation and I
wkYvNRosg4u-00882-00221452-00221567 want to thank your speaker for the
wkYvNRosg4u-00883-00221569-00221742 important work to see work that she does
wkYvNRosg4u-00884-00221742-00221901 in her community on behalf of the
wkYvNRosg4u-00885-00221902-00222105 not-for-profit sector here so important
wkYvNRosg4u-00886-00222106-00222279 I greatly value the important work that
wkYvNRosg4u-00887-00222280-00222462 Trillium does speaker right across our
wkYvNRosg4u-00888-00222463-00222596 province it's important that we
wkYvNRosg4u-00889-00222598-00222738 acknowledge it and that our government
wkYvNRosg4u-00890-00222739-00222908 remains supportive of the Trillium
wkYvNRosg4u-00891-00222909-00223128 Foundation it is one of Canada's leading
wkYvNRosg4u-00892-00223129-00223358 charitable grant making foundations and
wkYvNRosg4u-00893-00223359-00223512 helps us build strong and healthy
wkYvNRosg4u-00894-00223513-00223733 communities I was pleased to visit the
wkYvNRosg4u-00895-00223734-00223887 multicultural Community Center in
wkYvNRosg4u-00896-00223888-00224088 Brampton last week to announce that the
wkYvNRosg4u-00897-00224089-00224289 Trillium Foundation will be investing 30
wkYvNRosg4u-00898-00224290-00224691 1.6 million dollars through 152 grants
wkYvNRosg4u-00899-00224692-00224906 right across Ontario speaker bringing
wkYvNRosg4u-00900-00224907-00225059 positive change to the people of
wkYvNRosg4u-00901-00225060-00225300 Brampton the members riding as well and
wkYvNRosg4u-00902-00225301-00225542 nearly 500,000 Ontarians in every corner
wkYvNRosg4u-00903-00225544-00225741 of our province speaking to members of
wkYvNRosg4u-00904-00225742-00225888 this house I'm already hearing about the
wkYvNRosg4u-00905-00225889-00226065 positive impact that this investments
wkYvNRosg4u-00906-00226066-00226323 have and I'm excited speaker to announce
wkYvNRosg4u-00907-00226323-00226512 that we're going to continue support the
wkYvNRosg4u-00908-00226513-00226665 Ontario Trillium Foundation I look
wkYvNRosg4u-00909-00226666-00226854 forward to expanding my answer in the
wkYvNRosg4u-00910-00226855-00227316 supplementary Thank You I want to thank
wkYvNRosg4u-00911-00227317-00227526 the Minister for for this and it is
wkYvNRosg4u-00912-00227527-00227759 fantastic to hear how wide reaching and
wkYvNRosg4u-00913-00227760-00227984 helpful the Trillium Foundation has been
wkYvNRosg4u-00914-00227985-00228209 to my community of Davenport and to
wkYvNRosg4u-00915-00228210-00228390 communities all across this province I
wkYvNRosg4u-00916-00228391-00228600 also want to acknowledge the importance
wkYvNRosg4u-00917-00228601-00228825 of the hundreds of dedicated and
wkYvNRosg4u-00918-00228826-00229044 knowledgeable volunteers who make up
wkYvNRosg4u-00919-00229044-00229230 grant review teams across the province
wkYvNRosg4u-00920-00229231-00229532 each year more than 3000 applications
wkYvNRosg4u-00921-00229533-00229760 are reviewed by grant review teams who
wkYvNRosg4u-00922-00229761-00229994 act as local eyes and ears for the
wkYvNRosg4u-00923-00229996-00230214 Trillium Foundation they play a vital
wkYvNRosg4u-00924-00230215-00230478 role in our provinces not-for-profit
wkYvNRosg4u-00925-00230479-00230715 sector it's important that the Trillium
wkYvNRosg4u-00926-00230716-00230909 Foundation has processes in place to
wkYvNRosg4u-00927-00230910-00231129 ensure the best applications ultimately
wkYvNRosg4u-00928-00231130-00231414 receive funding I understand that the
wkYvNRosg4u-00929-00231415-00231594 Trillium Foundation moved forward with a
wkYvNRosg4u-00930-00231594-00231804 plan last week to improve customer
wkYvNRosg4u-00931-00231805-00232148 service to applicants across Ontario can
wkYvNRosg4u-00932-00232150-00232283 the minister please speak to this
wkYvNRosg4u-00933-00232284-00232469 development and the role it will have on
wkYvNRosg4u-00934-00232471-00232667 the Trillium Foundation's granting
wkYvNRosg4u-00935-00232669-00232888 process
wkYvNRosg4u-00936-00232889-00233167 mr. Thank You mr. speaker to the member
wkYvNRosg4u-00937-00233169-00233398 Speaker our government greatly values
wkYvNRosg4u-00938-00233400-00233507 the work that the Ontario Trillium
wkYvNRosg4u-00939-00233508-00233683 Foundation Health does to help
wkYvNRosg4u-00940-00233684-00233896 applicants right across our province and
wkYvNRosg4u-00941-00233898-00234008 that's why I'm pleased that the
wkYvNRosg4u-00942-00234009-00234185 foundation is moving forward with a
wkYvNRosg4u-00943-00234186-00234329 number of changes that will improve
wkYvNRosg4u-00944-00234330-00234536 customer service specifically the
wkYvNRosg4u-00945-00234537-00234673 Trillium Foundation is moving to
wkYvNRosg4u-00946-00234675-00234884 introduce a single application deadline
wkYvNRosg4u-00947-00234885-00235094 for each of its funding programs this
wkYvNRosg4u-00948-00235094-00235253 brings the foundation in line with
wkYvNRosg4u-00949-00235254-00235469 industry best practices adopted by other
wkYvNRosg4u-00950-00235469-00235679 granting organizations such as the
wkYvNRosg4u-00951-00235680-00235883 Ontario Media Development Corporation
wkYvNRosg4u-00952-00235884-00236123 and the Ontario Arts Council ultimately
wkYvNRosg4u-00953-00236123-00236306 these steps are about modernization
wkYvNRosg4u-00954-00236307-00236519 and improving customer service and as a
wkYvNRosg4u-00955-00236519-00236698 former grant recipient speaker I very
wkYvNRosg4u-00956-00236700-00236861 much appreciated the support that I got
wkYvNRosg4u-00957-00236862-00237044 from Trillium and applaud their board
wkYvNRosg4u-00958-00237044-00237215 for taking these additional steps to
wkYvNRosg4u-00959-00237216-00237442 improve service delivery as we move
wkYvNRosg4u-00960-00237444-00237716 forward toward our provinces 150th
wkYvNRosg4u-00961-00237717-00237905 anniversary I look forward to working
wkYvNRosg4u-00962-00237906-00238052 with Trillium to support communities
wkYvNRosg4u-00963-00238053-00238273 across Ontario and to continuing to make
wkYvNRosg4u-00964-00238275-00238391 a difference in the lives of all
wkYvNRosg4u-00965-00238392-00238910 Ontarians thank you thank you speaking
wkYvNRosg4u-00966-00238911-00239282 my questions to the premier speaker we
wkYvNRosg4u-00967-00239283-00239564 know Jerry llahi jr. told Andrew Olivia
wkYvNRosg4u-00968-00239565-00239842 that he was calling quote on behalf of
wkYvNRosg4u-00969-00239844-00240089 the premier unquote but what we don't
wkYvNRosg4u-00970-00240090-00240298 know mr. speaker is who ordered the
wkYvNRosg4u-00971-00240300-00240571 Premier's deputy chief of staff and a
wkYvNRosg4u-00972-00240573-00240839 top liberal fundraiser to offer Andrew
wkYvNRosg4u-00973-00240840-00241055 Olivier and the current Minister of
wkYvNRosg4u-00974-00241056-00241444 Energy and alleged bribe speaker to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00975-00241446-00241688 premier through you to the premier who
wkYvNRosg4u-00976-00241689-00241857 gave the order
wkYvNRosg4u-00977-00241858-00242459 [Applause]
wkYvNRosg4u-00978-00242460-00242657 I speak a you know this questions been
wkYvNRosg4u-00979-00242658-00242909 asked many times and just because been
wkYvNRosg4u-00980-00242910-00243209 asked and in a repeated manner does not
wkYvNRosg4u-00981-00243210-00243421 mean in the answer changer speaker the
wkYvNRosg4u-00982-00243423-00243614 premier has been has been very open and
wkYvNRosg4u-00983-00243615-00243986 transparent speaker to Ontarians to the
wkYvNRosg4u-00984-00243987-00244171 media to this legislature and ask many
wkYvNRosg4u-00985-00244173-00244400 questions now we are a stage speaker as
wkYvNRosg4u-00986-00244401-00244571 you are well aware and the members are
wkYvNRosg4u-00987-00244571-00244775 members in this house are well aware
wkYvNRosg4u-00988-00244776-00244991 that there are charges being laid and it
wkYvNRosg4u-00989-00244992-00245177 would be highly inappropriate for this
wkYvNRosg4u-00990-00245178-00245398 matter to be dealt with in this house
wkYvNRosg4u-00991-00245400-00245528 speaker will be highly improper to
wkYvNRosg4u-00992-00245529-00245765 answer any questions in this house as it
wkYvNRosg4u-00993-00245766-00245954 relates to the allegation speaker the
wkYvNRosg4u-00994-00245955-00246116 only appropriate place is in a court of
wkYvNRosg4u-00995-00246117-00246302 law and I ask all members to respect
wkYvNRosg4u-00996-00246303-00246467 that very important principle thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-00997-00246467-00246641 thank you supplementary a member from
wkYvNRosg4u-00998-00246642-00246896 Thornhill Thank You mr. speaker my
wkYvNRosg4u-00999-00246896-00247040 question is to the premier
wkYvNRosg4u-01000-00247041-00247342 we know that Pat cervera told Andrew
wkYvNRosg4u-01001-00247344-00247619 Olivier and I quote so you're being
wkYvNRosg4u-01002-00247619-00247850 asked to make the sacrifice this time
wkYvNRosg4u-01003-00247851-00248105 and that also can go a long way in terms
wkYvNRosg4u-01004-00248106-00248371 of opening up options like in terms of
wkYvNRosg4u-01005-00248373-00248644 being part of a party right end of quote
wkYvNRosg4u-01006-00248646-00248896 but what we don't know mr. speaker is
wkYvNRosg4u-01007-00248898-00249119 who ordered the Premier's deputy chief
wkYvNRosg4u-01008-00249119-00249428 of staff and a top liberal fundraiser to
wkYvNRosg4u-01009-00249429-00249707 offer Andrew Olivier and the current
wkYvNRosg4u-01010-00249708-00250185 Minister of Energy an alleged bribe
wkYvNRosg4u-01011-00250186-00250387 again speaker you can tell by the nature
wkYvNRosg4u-01012-00250388-00250602 of questions there these are questions
wkYvNRosg4u-01013-00250603-00250779 as it relates to rightfully to the
wkYvNRosg4u-01014-00250780-00250947 allegations that are before the court
wkYvNRosg4u-01015-00250948-00251184 speaker as I've stated earlier will be
wkYvNRosg4u-01016-00251185-00251512 highly inappropriate to to answer any
wkYvNRosg4u-01017-00251513-00251774 questions on an issue only that is
wkYvNRosg4u-01018-00251775-00252016 before the course speaker and I would
wkYvNRosg4u-01019-00252017-00252337 urge all members to respect a very
wkYvNRosg4u-01020-00252338-00252525 important rule that is outlined in our
wkYvNRosg4u-01021-00252526-00252678 Standing Orders the rule around sub
wkYvNRosg4u-01022-00252679-00253017 judice II which which instructs a
wkYvNRosg4u-01023-00253019-00253332 speaker not to to debate issues not to
wkYvNRosg4u-01024-00253333-00253626 discuss issues that are before any court
wkYvNRosg4u-01025-00253627-00253908 or tribunal this this matter fairly and
wkYvNRosg4u-01026-00253909-00254202 clearly a speaker falls in under that
wkYvNRosg4u-01027-00254203-00254472 rule so I asked all members because
wkYvNRosg4u-01028-00254473-00254703 respect your words yesterday thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-01029-00254704-00255040 and and we would not be answering any
wkYvNRosg4u-01030-00255041-00255249 question for the course thank you thank
wkYvNRosg4u-01031-00255250-00255388 you a new question the member from front
wkYvNRosg4u-01032-00255389-00255630 and forth Thank You speaker my question
wkYvNRosg4u-01033-00255631-00255753 to the Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-01034-00255754-00256059 given his role in the premiers cabinet
wkYvNRosg4u-01035-00256060-00256275 as Minister of Energy and recent news
wkYvNRosg4u-01036-00256276-00256529 about being named in an alleged scandal
wkYvNRosg4u-01037-00256530-00256741 Ontarians have questions about whether
wkYvNRosg4u-01038-00256742-00256888 or not he will be able to perform his
wkYvNRosg4u-01039-00256889-00257115 job duties as a cabinet minister
wkYvNRosg4u-01040-00257116-00257437 Ontarians want to know has the minister
wkYvNRosg4u-01041-00257438-00257954 offered his resignation to the premier
wkYvNRosg4u-01042-00257955-00258354 the cheetah is to the minister
wkYvNRosg4u-01043-00258355-00258561 Thank You mr. speaker I'm very pleased
wkYvNRosg4u-01044-00258562-00259621 to rise in speak to this
wkYvNRosg4u-01045-00259621-00260029 so mr. speaker no I have notes and mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-01046-00260030-00260269 speaker there's absolutely all of these
wkYvNRosg4u-01047-00260269-00260473 are allegations mr. speaker I stand with
wkYvNRosg4u-01048-00260473-00260619 integrity and work for the people of
wkYvNRosg4u-01049-00260621-00260796 submarine which I was elected to do mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-01050-00260798-00261033 speaker I'm very proud to be part of the
wkYvNRosg4u-01051-00261034-00261151 government that is working for the
wkYvNRosg4u-01052-00261152-00261355 people of Ontario each and every day mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-01053-00261356-00261571 speaker you know what mr. speaker this
wkYvNRosg4u-01054-00261571-00261821 is all allegations mr. speaker not
wkYvNRosg4u-01055-00261823-00262042 remember from the peon Carlton with
wkYvNRosg4u-01056-00262042-00262881 straw that's your second time finish
wkYvNRosg4u-01057-00262882-00262998 please
wkYvNRosg4u-01058-00262999-00263320 thank here but now that charges are laid
wkYvNRosg4u-01059-00263321-00263457 in this case it is our shared
wkYvNRosg4u-01060-00263458-00263662 responsibility to allow this matter to
wkYvNRosg4u-01061-00263663-00263863 be handled in the court of law under the
wkYvNRosg4u-01062-00263864-00264022 presumption of innocence mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-01063-00264023-00264354 thank you very much gentlemen
wkYvNRosg4u-01064-00264355-00264571 Thank You speaker and back to the
wkYvNRosg4u-01065-00264572-00264793 Minister of Energy people have a right
wkYvNRosg4u-01066-00264794-00264976 to raise questions about the minister's
wkYvNRosg4u-01067-00264977-00265255 ability to do his job while being named
wkYvNRosg4u-01068-00265256-00265557 in an alleged scandal why does the
wkYvNRosg4u-01069-00265558-00265738 Minister of Energy believe he will be
wkYvNRosg4u-01070-00265739-00265975 able to focus on and complete his
wkYvNRosg4u-01071-00265976-00266212 ministerial duties under the shadow of
wkYvNRosg4u-01072-00266213-00266515 scandal will he offer his resignation to
wkYvNRosg4u-01073-00266516-00267559 the premier consider fish
wkYvNRosg4u-01074-00267560-00268562 thank you Thank You Minister Avenger her
wkYvNRosg4u-01075-00268563-00268762 attorney general Ernie general
wkYvNRosg4u-01076-00268763-00269084 speaker I think we we heard from from
wkYvNRosg4u-01077-00269085-00269525 the Minister on how an honorable
wkYvNRosg4u-01078-00269526-00269723 individual who works extremely hard and
wkYvNRosg4u-01079-00269724-00269984 serves his community and the people of
wkYvNRosg4u-01080-00269985-00270386 Ontario and this government with full
wkYvNRosg4u-01081-00270387-00270704 integrity speaker there are no
wkYvNRosg4u-01082-00270705-00270953 allegations in relations to the to the
wkYvNRosg4u-01083-00270954-00270998 member
wkYvNRosg4u-01084-00270999-00271214 the allegations does not involve
wkYvNRosg4u-01085-00271215-00271445 whatsoever his responsibilities Minister
wkYvNRosg4u-01086-00271446-00271670 and there are no charges speaker that
wkYvNRosg4u-01087-00271671-00271961 are laid against the member as well
wkYvNRosg4u-01088-00271962-00272159 he has fully cooperated in all
wkYvNRosg4u-01089-00272160-00272399 investigations they are now charges the
wkYvNRosg4u-01090-00272400-00272588 game laid against two individuals who do
wkYvNRosg4u-01091-00272589-00272765 not serve in the House speaker this
wkYvNRosg4u-01092-00272766-00272912 matters before the course we should
wkYvNRosg4u-01093-00272913-00273059 respect the jurisdiction I ask all
wkYvNRosg4u-01094-00273060-00273311 members to let the court do its job
wkYvNRosg4u-01095-00273312-00273512 thank you thank you no question the
wkYvNRosg4u-01096-00273513-00273653 member from Richmond senator
wkYvNRosg4u-01097-00273654-00273851 Thank You speaker my question is for the
wkYvNRosg4u-01098-00273852-00274067 president of the Treasury Board each
wkYvNRosg4u-01099-00274068-00274247 year for the past seven years our
wkYvNRosg4u-01100-00274248-00274424 government has beaten the deficit
wkYvNRosg4u-01101-00274425-00274673 reduction target put forth in the budget
wkYvNRosg4u-01102-00274674-00274901 this past year was no different the
wkYvNRosg4u-01103-00274902-00275153 province of Ontario beat its deficit
wkYvNRosg4u-01104-00275154-00275723 target by 3.5 billion dollars
wkYvNRosg4u-01105-00275724-00275918 remember from Hamilton East Stoney Creek
wkYvNRosg4u-01106-00275919-00276398 second time
wkYvNRosg4u-01107-00276399-00277439 the member from Durham
wkYvNRosg4u-01108-00277440-00277706 finish please Thank You Speaker I know
wkYvNRosg4u-01109-00277707-00277916 that Ontario is try on track to
wkYvNRosg4u-01110-00277917-00278252 balancing the budget for 2017 2018 that
wkYvNRosg4u-01111-00278253-00278408 will please the heckling member to hear
wkYvNRosg4u-01112-00278409-00278633 that much of the success is due to
wkYvNRosg4u-01113-00278634-00278816 innovative cross government
wkYvNRosg4u-01114-00278817-00279083 transformation projects designed to save
wkYvNRosg4u-01115-00279084-00279323 money while also improving outcomes for
wkYvNRosg4u-01116-00279324-00279578 the people of Ontario projects like the
wkYvNRosg4u-01117-00279579-00279797 transfer payment administration
wkYvNRosg4u-01118-00279798-00280040 modernism from principle Hastings second
wkYvNRosg4u-01119-00280041-00280193 speaker could the president of the
wkYvNRosg4u-01120-00280194-00280415 Treasury Board please tell us about TPM
wkYvNRosg4u-01121-00280416-00280625 tell us how this very note is helping
wkYvNRosg4u-01122-00280626-00280874 the government president treasurer board
wkYvNRosg4u-01123-00280875-00281117 yes thank you speaker and thank you to
wkYvNRosg4u-01124-00281118-00281321 the member for Kitchener center for her
wkYvNRosg4u-01125-00281322-00281666 advocacy on government modernization the
wkYvNRosg4u-01126-00281667-00281840 transfer payment moderate at
wkYvNRosg4u-01127-00281841-00282110 administration modernization project or
wkYvNRosg4u-01128-00282111-00282353 T Pam for short it's intended to
wkYvNRosg4u-01129-00282354-00282530 streamline and modernize the
wkYvNRosg4u-01130-00282531-00282692 government's approach to the management
wkYvNRosg4u-01131-00282693-00282962 of transfer payments Ontario makes
wkYvNRosg4u-01132-00282963-00283298 transfer payments to more than 18,000
wkYvNRosg4u-01133-00283299-00283571 different organizations to hospitals
wkYvNRosg4u-01134-00283572-00283859 school boards municipalities nonprofits
wkYvNRosg4u-01135-00283860-00284201 and many more approximately 82 percent
wkYvNRosg4u-01136-00284202-00284426 of all government expenditures are
wkYvNRosg4u-01137-00284427-00284663 transfer payments funds which are
wkYvNRosg4u-01138-00284664-00284966 actually flowed through more than 20,000
wkYvNRosg4u-01139-00284967-00285314 different legal agreements and supported
wkYvNRosg4u-01140-00285315-00285671 by 20 different IT applications Treasury
wkYvNRosg4u-01141-00285672-00285869 boards T pound project will reduce
wkYvNRosg4u-01142-00285870-00286091 administrative burdens or for both
wkYvNRosg4u-01143-00286092-00286289 government and transfer payment
wkYvNRosg4u-01144-00286290-00286508 recipients while improving our ability
wkYvNRosg4u-01145-00286509-00286781 to make evidence-based funding decisions
wkYvNRosg4u-01146-00286782-00287159 upon the dream certainty the Treasury
wkYvNRosg4u-01147-00287160-00287330 Board just provided us with an excellent
wkYvNRosg4u-01148-00287331-00287579 introduction to what t pan is and how
wkYvNRosg4u-01149-00287580-00287756 it's driving efficiencies I know
wkYvNRosg4u-01150-00287757-00287969 firsthand the impact of transfer
wkYvNRosg4u-01151-00287970-00288254 payments since 2003 our government
wkYvNRosg4u-01152-00288255-00288527 provided Waterloo Region 63 million
wkYvNRosg4u-01153-00288528-00288713 dollars in funding for affordable
wkYvNRosg4u-01154-00288714-00289007 housing assisting in the creation and
wkYvNRosg4u-01155-00289008-00289295 repair of over 1,400 affordable units
wkYvNRosg4u-01156-00289296-00289694 and preventing over 1,800 evictions last
wkYvNRosg4u-01157-00289695-00289922 year our government provided 1 billion
wkYvNRosg4u-01158-00289923-00290144 in transfer payments to the Waterloo
wkYvNRosg4u-01159-00290145-00290317 Wellington local health integration
wkYvNRosg4u-01160-00290318-00290714 network which supports 34,000
wkYvNRosg4u-01161-00290715-00290876 you'll care visits in Waterloo
wkYvNRosg4u-01162-00290877-00291242 Wellington in 2015-2016 bringing Care
wkYvNRosg4u-01163-00291243-00291458 close to home through video conferencing
wkYvNRosg4u-01164-00291459-00291620 for many people who have difficulty
wkYvNRosg4u-01165-00291621-00291920 travelling to see their doctor speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-01166-00291921-00292067 with the president of the Treasury Board
wkYvNRosg4u-01167-00292068-00292346 please tell us what is next for Mt Pam
wkYvNRosg4u-01168-00292347-00292715 project good Minister Minister president
wkYvNRosg4u-01169-00292716-00292928 Kirk doors yes thank you speaker cool
wkYvNRosg4u-01170-00292929-00293132 and as the member knows one of our goals
wkYvNRosg4u-01171-00293133-00293441 through T Pam is to develop a one window
wkYvNRosg4u-01172-00293442-00293798 portal where a given transfer recipient
wkYvNRosg4u-01173-00293799-00294089 need only input their information once
wkYvNRosg4u-01174-00294090-00294356 that means that organizations that
wkYvNRosg4u-01175-00294357-00294614 receive multiple transfer payments from
wkYvNRosg4u-01176-00294615-00294923 multiple ministries often will not have
wkYvNRosg4u-01177-00294924-00295238 to enter and enter and enter their
wkYvNRosg4u-01178-00295239-00295511 information multiple times they would
wkYvNRosg4u-01179-00295512-00295784 only need to upload one copy of various
wkYvNRosg4u-01180-00295785-00296003 important documents instead of
wkYvNRosg4u-01181-00296004-00296306 re-entering it for each application as a
wkYvNRosg4u-01182-00296307-00296486 starting point Treasury Board
wkYvNRosg4u-01183-00296487-00296738 Secretariat is focusing on creating a
wkYvNRosg4u-01184-00296739-00297044 common registration system to support
wkYvNRosg4u-01185-00297045-00297301 that process for all time limited and
wkYvNRosg4u-01186-00297302-00297605 project based transfer payments managed
wkYvNRosg4u-01187-00297606-00297917 through grants Ontario and over the next
wkYvNRosg4u-01188-00297918-00298190 two years will add more transfer payment
wkYvNRosg4u-01189-00298191-00298451 systems to the common registration
wkYvNRosg4u-01190-00298452-00298703 system speaker this is just one of a
wkYvNRosg4u-01191-00298704-00298985 number of projects that are modernizing
wkYvNRosg4u-01192-00298986-00299270 our transfer payment system saving money
wkYvNRosg4u-01193-00299271-00299609 and reducing unnecessary concern for our
wkYvNRosg4u-01194-00299610-00299837 transfer payment partners thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-01195-00299838-00300100 thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-01196-00300101-00300370 I thank you very much mr. speaker to the
wkYvNRosg4u-01197-00300371-00300634 premier we know that Pat severa
wkYvNRosg4u-01198-00300635-00300979 told Andrew Olivia and I quote if there
wkYvNRosg4u-01199-00300980-00301117 were other things that you particularly
wkYvNRosg4u-01200-00301118-00301378 are interested in that is within her
wkYvNRosg4u-01201-00301379-00301633 realm to make you part up then she is
wkYvNRosg4u-01202-00301634-00301843 more than prepared to do that end quote
wkYvNRosg4u-01203-00301844-00302089 speaker we're not getting any answer as
wkYvNRosg4u-01204-00302090-00302302 to who ordered the Premier's deputy
wkYvNRosg4u-01205-00302303-00302437 chief of staff and top liberal
wkYvNRosg4u-01206-00302438-00302671 fundraiser to offer Andrew Olivier in
wkYvNRosg4u-01207-00302672-00302860 the current Minister of Energy and a lab
wkYvNRosg4u-01208-00302861-00303220 bribe so mr. speaker to the premier will
wkYvNRosg4u-01209-00303221-00303490 you invite your Minister of Energy to
wkYvNRosg4u-01210-00303491-00304065 step aside until this issue is resolved
wkYvNRosg4u-01211-00304066-00304402 mr. speaker again I've been very open
wkYvNRosg4u-01212-00304403-00304621 with this legislature with the media
wkYvNRosg4u-01213-00304622-00304879 with the public mr. speaker about the
wkYvNRosg4u-01214-00304880-00305080 allegations related to the Sudbury
wkYvNRosg4u-01215-00305081-00305257 by-election mr. speaker over and over
wkYvNRosg4u-01216-00305258-00305599 again I have answered questions the you
wkYvNRosg4u-01217-00305600-00305758 look at the Hansard mr. speaker from
wkYvNRosg4u-01218-00305759-00305968 that time you can see the the number of
wkYvNRosg4u-01219-00305969-00306175 questions that I answered mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-01220-00306176-00306481 now that charges are laid it's our
wkYvNRosg4u-01221-00306482-00306673 responsibility mr. speaker to understand
wkYvNRosg4u-01222-00306674-00306832 that this matter is before the court and
wkYvNRosg4u-01223-00306833-00306943 it's before the court under a
wkYvNRosg4u-01224-00306944-00307237 presumption of innocence continue to
wkYvNRosg4u-01225-00307238-00307390 cooperate with any independent
wkYvNRosg4u-01226-00307391-00307555 investigation mr. speaker but as I said
wkYvNRosg4u-01227-00307556-00307897 in 2015 if charges were laid then Pat
wkYvNRosg4u-01228-00307898-00308101 Silveira would step aside that has
wkYvNRosg4u-01229-00308102-00308333 happened mr. speaker now the matter
wkYvNRosg4u-01230-00308334-00308885 is entirely before the courts Thank You
wkYvNRosg4u-01231-00308886-00309077 mr. speaker back to the premiere we know
wkYvNRosg4u-01232-00309078-00309257 that Pat's or Vera had a discussion with
wkYvNRosg4u-01233-00309258-00309596 Andrew Olivier about a rule as a matter
wkYvNRosg4u-01234-00309597-00309764 of fact I was just listening to the
wkYvNRosg4u-01235-00309765-00309938 video before coming down here it's on
wkYvNRosg4u-01236-00309939-00310154 Andrew oliviers YouTube anyone can hear
wkYvNRosg4u-01237-00310155-00310280 it and they can see what kind of
wkYvNRosg4u-01238-00310281-00310529 backroom deals and shenanigans these
wkYvNRosg4u-01239-00310530-00310681 guys have been up to for themselves
wkYvNRosg4u-01240-00310682-00310940 Pat's or Baris says whether it's a
wkYvNRosg4u-01241-00310941-00311147 full-time or a part-time job and it can
wkYvNRosg4u-01242-00311148-00311330 sit off as whether it's appointments
wkYvNRosg4u-01243-00311331-00311636 supports or Commission's was up for
wkYvNRosg4u-01244-00311637-00311846 discussion but what we don't know mr.
wkYvNRosg4u-01245-00311847-00312185 speaker is who over there ordered the
wkYvNRosg4u-01246-00312186-00312371 Premier's deputy chief of staff and a
wkYvNRosg4u-01247-00312372-00312668 top liberal fundraiser to offer Andrew
wkYvNRosg4u-01248-00312669-00312944 Olivier and the current Minister of
wkYvNRosg4u-01249-00312945-00313123 Energy a bra
wkYvNRosg4u-01250-00313124-00313474 [Applause]
wkYvNRosg4u-01251-00313475-00313694 well thank you very much speaker and
wkYvNRosg4u-01252-00313695-00313978 again you know speaker these are just
wkYvNRosg4u-01253-00313979-00314225 allegations they have not been proven in
wkYvNRosg4u-01254-00314226-00314560 the course the fact that they are
wkYvNRosg4u-01255-00314561-00314774 charges allayed means that this matter
wkYvNRosg4u-01256-00314775-00315176 has to be tried before a court not in
wkYvNRosg4u-01257-00315177-00315301 the legislature speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-01258-00315302-00315488 not to mention speaker I know the
wkYvNRosg4u-01259-00315489-00315665 members opposite in all members of this
wkYvNRosg4u-01260-00315666-00315876 house as all Ontarians and Canadians
wkYvNRosg4u-01261-00315877-00316214 understand and respect the principle of
wkYvNRosg4u-01262-00316215-00316421 presumption of innocence i speaker in
wkYvNRosg4u-01263-00316422-00316574 our system everybody is presumed
wkYvNRosg4u-01264-00316575-00316729 innocent until they're proven guilty and
wkYvNRosg4u-01265-00316730-00316951 in this matter speaker the people who be
wkYvNRosg4u-01266-00316952-00317171 charged I have not been been found
wkYvNRosg4u-01267-00317172-00317509 guilty and and and we owe it to them
wkYvNRosg4u-01268-00317510-00317830 that that we let this matter to be dealt
wkYvNRosg4u-01269-00317831-00318095 with in a court of law in a neutral
wkYvNRosg4u-01270-00318096-00318440 impartial fair speaker that is how our
wkYvNRosg4u-01271-00318441-00318641 system is designed for very uncertain
wkYvNRosg4u-01272-00318642-00318877 speaker that is why we have separation
wkYvNRosg4u-01273-00318878-00319129 are between our executive branch our
wkYvNRosg4u-01274-00319130-00319445 legislative branch and and speaker and
wkYvNRosg4u-01275-00319446-00319595 clear and we should respect that thank
wkYvNRosg4u-01276-00319596-00319847 you new portion a member from - miss
wkYvNRosg4u-01277-00319848-00320107 Kamini carpenter Thank You speaker my
wkYvNRosg4u-01278-00320108-00320476 question is to the premier as holders as
wkYvNRosg4u-01279-00320477-00320726 holders of elected office we are
wkYvNRosg4u-01280-00320727-00320983 responsible the chief government whip is
wkYvNRosg4u-01281-00320984-00321508 warned finished pieces you as holders of
wkYvNRosg4u-01282-00321509-00321859 public office we are responsible for the
wkYvNRosg4u-01283-00321860-00322172 public's trust and I'm sure all of us in
wkYvNRosg4u-01284-00322173-00322357 our various offices have always heard
wkYvNRosg4u-01285-00322358-00322616 that the perception of conflict of
wkYvNRosg4u-01286-00322617-00322994 interest is as damaging as the actual if
wkYvNRosg4u-01287-00322995-00323260 it exists conflict of interest in this
wkYvNRosg4u-01288-00323261-00323390 case
wkYvNRosg4u-01289-00323391-00323678 the perception of wrongdoing is as
wkYvNRosg4u-01290-00323679-00323957 damaging to the actual public interest
wkYvNRosg4u-01291-00323958-00324200 as if wrongdoing occurred and we don't
wkYvNRosg4u-01292-00324201-00324500 know if wrongdoing has occurred and that
wkYvNRosg4u-01293-00324501-00324932 is for the courts to decide but order
wkYvNRosg4u-01294-00324933-00325184 for the public trust it has also been
wkYvNRosg4u-01295-00325185-00325451 the tradition if there is a question of
wkYvNRosg4u-01296-00325452-00325790 wrongdoing for a person who holds public
wkYvNRosg4u-01297-00325791-00326072 office to step aside or stir instigation
wkYvNRosg4u-01298-00326073-00326321 is conducted and as a minister of the
wkYvNRosg4u-01299-00326322-00326582 crown it is inherent to do that I have
wkYvNRosg4u-01300-00326583-00326774 my question to the Premier's why haven't
wkYvNRosg4u-01301-00326775-00327242 you corrected that to happen you say -
wkYvNRosg4u-01302-00327243-00329905 please be seated please
wkYvNRosg4u-01303-00329906-00330301 we're Attorney General pretty general
wkYvNRosg4u-01304-00330302-00330658 well thank you speaker and I again thank
wkYvNRosg4u-01305-00330659-00330817 the member opposite who have a lot of
wkYvNRosg4u-01306-00330818-00331138 respect for the question and I was
wkYvNRosg4u-01307-00331139-00331339 listening very carefully to his his
wkYvNRosg4u-01308-00331340-00331531 question and I would say to him speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-01309-00331532-00331795 that there is no conflict of interest
wkYvNRosg4u-01310-00331796-00332055 here there is no actual or perceived
wkYvNRosg4u-01311-00332056-00332302 conflict of interest the allegation
wkYvNRosg4u-01312-00332303-00332557 speaker do not deal with anything that
wkYvNRosg4u-01313-00332558-00332770 is the responsibility of the minister as
wkYvNRosg4u-01314-00332771-00333052 the Minister of Energy the allegation
wkYvNRosg4u-01315-00333053-00333400 speaker are not towards him speaker the
wkYvNRosg4u-01316-00333401-00333676 minister is not been charged with
wkYvNRosg4u-01317-00333677-00334024 anything speaker so there is no conflict
wkYvNRosg4u-01318-00334025-00334299 of interest actual or perceived
wkYvNRosg4u-01319-00334300-00334570 whatsoever speaker allegations against
wkYvNRosg4u-01320-00334571-00334825 two individuals who do not sit in this
wkYvNRosg4u-01321-00334826-00335053 house speaker those are professional can
wkYvNRosg4u-01322-00335054-00335398 - the court of law speaker the rules of
wkYvNRosg4u-01323-00335399-00335623 this house are very clear sir when they
wkYvNRosg4u-01324-00335624-00335836 are matter before the course it is fast
wkYvNRosg4u-01325-00335837-00336022 that it be dealt with in the course not
wkYvNRosg4u-01326-00336023-00336223 in this legislature I know the member
wkYvNRosg4u-01327-00336224-00336424 knows and I implore him to respect that
wkYvNRosg4u-01328-00336425-00336868 thank you supplementary back to the
wkYvNRosg4u-01329-00336869-00337270 premier it hasn't been proven yet
wkYvNRosg4u-01330-00337271-00337486 whether or not there is an actual
wkYvNRosg4u-01331-00337487-00337681 wrongdoing and that's not the point the
wkYvNRosg4u-01332-00337682-00337966 point is the public trust and there is
wkYvNRosg4u-01333-00337967-00338128 precedent for this there's a
wkYvNRosg4u-01334-00338129-00338373 long-standing parliamentary tradition of
wkYvNRosg4u-01335-00338374-00338655 cabin demanders members standing aside
wkYvNRosg4u-01336-00338656-00338935 when investigations take place and it's
wkYvNRosg4u-01337-00338936-00339109 not just when they're part of the
wkYvNRosg4u-01338-00339110-00339376 investigation when then Finance Minister
wkYvNRosg4u-01339-00339377-00339679 Greg cerbère was named named in a search
wkYvNRosg4u-01340-00339680-00340183 warrant 2005 name not charged he stepped
wkYvNRosg4u-01341-00340184-00340390 aside until the matter was dealt with
wkYvNRosg4u-01342-00340391-00340591 that was the honorable thing to do
wkYvNRosg4u-01343-00340592-00341190 that's what an honorable man
wkYvNRosg4u-01344-00341191-00341394 the femur has the chance to do the right
wkYvNRosg4u-01345-00341395-00341607 thing and ask for minister to resign
wkYvNRosg4u-01346-00341608-00341808 while this investigation is going on
wkYvNRosg4u-01347-00341809-00342917 will she do that
wkYvNRosg4u-01348-00342918-00343452 thank you sorry general speaker to the
wkYvNRosg4u-01349-00343453-00343776 member again there is no investigation
wkYvNRosg4u-01350-00343777-00343989 as it relates to the Minister of Energy
wkYvNRosg4u-01351-00343990-00344310 here they are no there are no charges
wkYvNRosg4u-01352-00344311-00344559 against the Minister of Energy I think
wkYvNRosg4u-01353-00344560-00344721 that is a very important point that the
wkYvNRosg4u-01354-00344722-00344958 member opposite is missing yes he can
wkYvNRosg4u-01355-00344959-00345213 get emotional and yes he can try to
wkYvNRosg4u-01356-00345214-00345462 Sully somebody's honor which is I spray
wkYvNRosg4u-01357-00345463-00345711 a speaker is very much not in tradition
wkYvNRosg4u-01358-00345712-00345975 with this house we respect every member
wkYvNRosg4u-01359-00345976-00346194 of this house as the Honorable members I
wkYvNRosg4u-01360-00346195-00346365 think of the member opposite who have
wkYvNRosg4u-01361-00346366-00346563 posed this question as an honourable
wkYvNRosg4u-01362-00346564-00346686 member Speaker it is highly
wkYvNRosg4u-01363-00346687-00346989 inappropriate I know he's above that too
wkYvNRosg4u-01364-00346990-00347310 to distribute any member of this house
wkYvNRosg4u-01365-00347311-00347484 especially Speaker there under no
wkYvNRosg4u-01366-00347485-00347679 investigation there have been no charges
wkYvNRosg4u-01367-00347680-00347898 that are laced against them the charges
wkYvNRosg4u-01368-00347899-00348039 the speaker have been laid against two
wkYvNRosg4u-01369-00348040-00348195 individuals who are not members of this
wkYvNRosg4u-01370-00348196-00348354 house they are not in the employ of the
wkYvNRosg4u-01371-00348355-00348621 government of Ontario Speaker we should
wkYvNRosg4u-01372-00348622-00348837 respect the rules we should respect our
wkYvNRosg4u-01373-00348838-00348972 traditions we should respect the
wkYvNRosg4u-01374-00348973-00349110 principle of presumption of innocence
wkYvNRosg4u-01375-00349111-00349284 very much a speaker thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-01376-00349285-00349449 no question remember from Etobicoke
wkYvNRosg4u-01377-00349450-00349779 nature Thank You mr. speaker my question
wkYvNRosg4u-01378-00349780-00349917 is for the minister of international
wkYvNRosg4u-01379-00349918-00350211 trade great speaker it's been a very
wkYvNRosg4u-01380-00350212-00350505 busy fall for international trade in
wkYvNRosg4u-01381-00350506-00350775 October the minister visited New York
wkYvNRosg4u-01382-00350776-00351024 City to discuss water technology and
wkYvNRosg4u-01383-00351025-00351287 innovation and the federal government
wkYvNRosg4u-01384-00351288-00351582 successfully signed the Canada European
wkYvNRosg4u-01385-00351583-00351918 Union trade agreement this month the
wkYvNRosg4u-01386-00351919-00352134 minister will be visiting India on an
wkYvNRosg4u-01387-00352135-00352383 agri-food trade mission and we know how
wkYvNRosg4u-01388-00352384-00352626 important the agri-food sector is to
wkYvNRosg4u-01389-00352627-00352836 this province and the premier will be
wkYvNRosg4u-01390-00352837-00353085 conducting a trade mission to Japan and
wkYvNRosg4u-01391-00353086-00353397 to Korea I know that Ontario is going to
wkYvNRosg4u-01392-00353398-00353571 see a lot of economic growth and job
wkYvNRosg4u-01393-00353572-00353677 creation from these
wkYvNRosg4u-01394-00353678-00353923 missions in particular I was proud to
wkYvNRosg4u-01395-00353924-00354112 hear the work the minister did in
wkYvNRosg4u-01396-00354113-00354418 October in China to assist a phenomenal
wkYvNRosg4u-01397-00354419-00354808 agency tourism Toronto speaker could the
wkYvNRosg4u-01398-00354809-00355036 minister please some portions of his
wkYvNRosg4u-01399-00355037-00355282 recent trip to China and the impacts it
wkYvNRosg4u-01400-00355283-00355894 will have for Ontario thank you thank
wkYvNRosg4u-01401-00355895-00356152 you ck-12 Fang the Honourable member
wkYvNRosg4u-01402-00356153-00356599 from Etobicoke next speaker the member
wkYvNRosg4u-01403-00356600-00357049 of keep doing apish the member is
wkYvNRosg4u-01404-00357050-00357442 correct in assessment of tourism Toronto
wkYvNRosg4u-01405-00357443-00357652 I'm sure the Minister of Tourism culture
wkYvNRosg4u-01406-00357653-00358009 and sport would also agree speaker in
wkYvNRosg4u-01407-00358010-00358297 October I a campaign tourism Toronto to
wkYvNRosg4u-01408-00358298-00358705 China as they bid on and won the
wkYvNRosg4u-01409-00358706-00358951 privilege of hosting what will be the
wkYvNRosg4u-01410-00358952-00359284 largest travel delegation in Canadian
wkYvNRosg4u-01411-00359285-00359932 history seeker six thousand six thousand
wkYvNRosg4u-01412-00359933-00360301 of new skins both elite salespeople will
wkYvNRosg4u-01413-00360302-00360373 with it
wkYvNRosg4u-01414-00360374-00360748 Toronto in 2018 the delegation is
wkYvNRosg4u-01415-00360749-00360994 expected to generate over 8 million in
wkYvNRosg4u-01416-00360995-00361258 tourist spending during there with it
wkYvNRosg4u-01417-00361259-00361549 answer quicker the wizard will clearly
wkYvNRosg4u-01418-00361550-00361756 provide great benefits to pull on those
wkYvNRosg4u-01419-00361757-00362020 economy and what I do congratulate
wkYvNRosg4u-01420-00362021-00362359 tourism Toronto on these fantastic
wkYvNRosg4u-01421-00362360-00362759 achievement thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-01422-00362760-00363026 mr. speaker this is incredible news to
wkYvNRosg4u-01423-00363027-00363224 hear and I'm sure everyone in the house
wkYvNRosg4u-01424-00363225-00363407 to join me in applauding the work of
wkYvNRosg4u-01425-00363408-00363629 tourism Toronto and congratulate the
wkYvNRosg4u-01426-00363630-00363812 minister on his assistance with the bid
wkYvNRosg4u-01427-00363813-00364088 in addition to the success with tourism
wkYvNRosg4u-01428-00364089-00364313 Toronto the minister will join the
wkYvNRosg4u-01429-00364314-00364493 Minister of Agriculture Food and Rural
wkYvNRosg4u-01430-00364494-00364730 Affairs on a trade mission to India in
wkYvNRosg4u-01431-00364731-00364943 just over a week other good minister as
wkYvNRosg4u-01432-00364944-00365132 the host may recall the minister joined
wkYvNRosg4u-01433-00365133-00365189 the peener
wkYvNRosg4u-01434-00365190-00365366 earlier this year on a trade mission to
wkYvNRosg4u-01435-00365367-00365630 India which was a tremendous success
wkYvNRosg4u-01436-00365631-00365903 I know India is a rapidly growing market
wkYvNRosg4u-01437-00365904-00366077 and one of the largest economies in the
wkYvNRosg4u-01438-00366078-00366338 world it's obvious that forging strong
wkYvNRosg4u-01439-00366339-00366515 economic trade and investment
wkYvNRosg4u-01440-00366516-00366779 relationships with India I could be
wkYvNRosg4u-01441-00366780-00367037 beneficial to our province speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-01442-00367038-00367238 through you to the minister what is the
wkYvNRosg4u-01443-00367239-00367421 focus of the upcoming mission to India
wkYvNRosg4u-01444-00367422-00367727 and how will it benefit Ontarians Thank
wkYvNRosg4u-01445-00367728-00367988 You Minister thank you speak up seeker I
wkYvNRosg4u-01446-00367989-00368180 want to thank the Honourable member one
wkYvNRosg4u-01447-00368181-00368429 more time for his passion speaker the
wkYvNRosg4u-01448-00368430-00368717 premier mission in India in February of
wkYvNRosg4u-01449-00368718-00369110 this year was indeed a huge success we
wkYvNRosg4u-01450-00369111-00369353 witnessed the signing of 65 new
wkYvNRosg4u-01451-00369354-00369722 agreements value and over 240 million
wkYvNRosg4u-01452-00369723-00370142 and expected to create more than 150
wkYvNRosg4u-01453-00370143-00370514 high-value jobs in Ontario we hope to
wkYvNRosg4u-01454-00370515-00370712 appeal on that success for this mission
wkYvNRosg4u-01455-00370713-00371024 by focusing on a key sector in a
wkYvNRosg4u-01456-00371025-00371338 priority market agri-food seeker
wkYvNRosg4u-01457-00371339-00371654 Ontario's backwards are highly sought
wkYvNRosg4u-01458-00371655-00371888 after and this mission can help our
wkYvNRosg4u-01459-00371889-00372191 equity industry expand internationally
wkYvNRosg4u-01460-00372192-00372533 as minister of international trade I
wkYvNRosg4u-01461-00372534-00372857 will continue the work to identify key
wkYvNRosg4u-01462-00372858-00373094 markets of opportunities for Ontario
wkYvNRosg4u-01463-00373095-00373394 businesses and I look forward to doing
wkYvNRosg4u-01464-00373395-00373603 so in India thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-01465-00373604-00373818 [Applause]
wkYvNRosg4u-01466-00373819-00374062 pilgrims are fighting order thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-01467-00374063-00374194 very much speaker I do have a point of
wkYvNRosg4u-01468-00374195-00374409 order I understand and realize the
wkYvNRosg4u-01469-00374410-00374539 government's been distracted but they
wkYvNRosg4u-01470-00374540-00374737 still have a job to do and unfortunately
wkYvNRosg4u-01471-00374738-00374944 there are six order paper questions that
wkYvNRosg4u-01472-00374945-00375127 have not been answered three from the
wkYvNRosg4u-01473-00375128-00375313 Ministry of Environment and climate
wkYvNRosg4u-01474-00375314-00375510 change one from the ministry of
wkYvNRosg4u-01475-00375511-00375745 education one from the ministry of labor
wkYvNRosg4u-01476-00375746-00375964 and one from the ministry of energy
wkYvNRosg4u-01477-00375965-00376192 I would appreciate those answers thank
wkYvNRosg4u-01478-00376193-00376375 you although the preamble wasn't to
wkYvNRosg4u-01479-00376376-00376584 appreciate it that is a point of order
wkYvNRosg4u-01480-00376585-00376747 and you are allowed to ask that question
wkYvNRosg4u-01481-00376748-00376924 I would turn to the government house
wkYvNRosg4u-01482-00376925-00377320 leader for a response speaker we will we
wkYvNRosg4u-01483-00377321-00377440 will pursue this and make sure that they
wkYvNRosg4u-01484-00377441-00377607 are a tabled in a timely manner thank
wkYvNRosg4u-01485-00377608-00377883 you thank you remember from Ottawa cell
wkYvNRosg4u-01486-00377884-00378049 phone I like what Thank You mr. speaker
wkYvNRosg4u-01487-00378050-00378159 I'd like to correct my record I think
wkYvNRosg4u-01488-00378160-00378378 introductions I said the Ontario chiral
wkYvNRosg4u-01489-00378379-00378553 practice Association what I meant to say
wkYvNRosg4u-01490-00378554-00378804 was the Ontario Chiropractic Association
wkYvNRosg4u-01491-00378805-00379066 and they are in room 228 right now thank
wkYvNRosg4u-01492-00379067-00379174 you very much
wkYvNRosg4u-01493-00379175-00379549 we're from Durham on our core network to
wkYvNRosg4u-01494-00379550-00379779 introduce a delegation from the African
wkYvNRosg4u-01495-00379780-00380098 Unity six region Canada led by mr. Amit
wkYvNRosg4u-01496-00380099-00380350 al Bashir I would like to extend a very
wkYvNRosg4u-01497-00380351-00380542 warm welcome to them at Queen's Park
wkYvNRosg4u-01498-00380543-00381160 welcome
wkYvNRosg4u-01499-00381161-00381441 you welcome our guests I do have some
wkYvNRosg4u-01500-00381442-00382248 news for our my colleagues in in all
wkYvNRosg4u-01501-00382249-00382625 seriousness this is the last day for our
wkYvNRosg4u-01502-00382626-00383016 pages and I would offer them our
wkYvNRosg4u-01503-00383017-00383180 gratitude and thanks for the wonderful
wkYvNRosg4u-01504-00383181-00384292 work
wkYvNRosg4u-01505-00384293-00384677 thank you
wkYvNRosg4u-01506-00384678-00384981 there are no there are no deferred votes
wkYvNRosg4u-01507-00384982-00385197 this house stands recess until 1:00 p.m.
wkYvNRosg4u-01508-00385198-00385446 this afternoon
wmML3PjOU4U-00000-00000017-00000401 the Agastya malai biosphere reserve a
wmML3PjOU4U-00001-00000401-00000634 gas Tamela Jeeva sanrak sana McCullough
wmML3PjOU4U-00002-00000635-00000911 a Castillo male joopa Patoka Papa cootie
wmML3PjOU4U-00003-00000911-00001324 was established in 2001 and includes
wmML3PjOU4U-00004-00001325-00001795 3500 point three six square kilometers
wmML3PjOU4U-00005-00001796-00002438 1350 1.50 square miles of which 1828
wmML3PjOU4U-00006-00002439-00002985 square kilometres as in Kerala and 1670
wmML3PjOU4U-00007-00002986-00003367 2.36 square kilometers as in Tamil Nadu
wmML3PjOU4U-00008-00003368-00003701 Augusta Emily biosphere reserve became
wmML3PjOU4U-00009-00003702-00003869 part of world network of biosphere
wmML3PjOU4U-00010-00003870-00004409 reserves in 2016 is also under UNESCO's
wmML3PjOU4U-00011-00004410-00005088 world list of biosphere reserve
wmML3PjOU4U-00012-00005089-00005659 topic location
wmML3PjOU4U-00013-00005660-00005981 a br straddles the border of Pathan
wmML3PjOU4U-00014-00005982-00006263 Amita Coulomb and Thiruvananthapuram
wmML3PjOU4U-00015-00006264-00006571 districts in Kerala and tirunelveli and
wmML3PjOU4U-00016-00006572-00006827 Kanyakumari districts in tamil nadu
wmML3PjOU4U-00017-00006828-00007103 south india at the southern end of the
wmML3PjOU4U-00018-00007104-00007495 Western Ghats the biosphere lies between
wmML3PjOU4U-00019-00007497-00007813 8 degrees 8 to 9 degrees 10 north
wmML3PjOU4U-00020-00007814-00008321 latitude and 76 degrees 52 to 77 degrees
wmML3PjOU4U-00021-00008322-00008788 34 east longitude central location as
wmML3PjOU4U-00022-00008789-00009359 eight degrees 39 and 77 degrees 13 II it
wmML3PjOU4U-00023-00009360-00009683 is composed of Nayyar pepero and gender
wmML3PjOU4U-00024-00009684-00009919 Knee wildlife sanctuaries and their
wmML3PjOU4U-00025-00009920-00010199 adjoining areas of a chanc oil than mala
wmML3PjOU4U-00026-00010200-00010303 Connie
wmML3PjOU4U-00027-00010304-00010577 poon allure Thiruvananthapuram divisions
wmML3PjOU4U-00028-00010578-00010846 and Agastya venom special division in
wmML3PjOU4U-00029-00010847-00011227 Kerala inclusion of the joining areas of
wmML3PjOU4U-00030-00011228-00011488 Calicut Munden thirai tiger reserve in
wmML3PjOU4U-00031-00011489-00011882 tamil nadu has been approved the reserve
wmML3PjOU4U-00032-00011883-00012160 now covers parts of Tirunelveli and
wmML3PjOU4U-00033-00012161-00012508 Kanyakumari districts in Tamil Nadu and
wmML3PjOU4U-00034-00012509-00012755 Thiruvananthapuram colum and Pathan
wmML3PjOU4U-00035-00012756-00013463 invaded istrict sin Kerala
wmML3PjOU4U-00036-00013465-00014036 topic ecology
wmML3PjOU4U-00037-00014037-00014413 a br includes the indian ecoregions of
wmML3PjOU4U-00038-00014415-00014693 tropical wet evergreen forests south
wmML3PjOU4U-00039-00014694-00014986 western ghats moist deciduous forests
wmML3PjOU4U-00040-00014987-00015308 south western ghats montane rain forests
wmML3PjOU4U-00041-00015309-00015688 and Shola it is the habitat for 2,000
wmML3PjOU4U-00042-00015690-00015944 varieties of medicinal plants of which
wmML3PjOU4U-00043-00015944-00016183 at least 50 are rare and endangered
wmML3PjOU4U-00044-00016184-00016630 species rare animals include the tiger
wmML3PjOU4U-00045-00016631-00017066 asian elephant and nilgiri tahr Agastya
wmML3PjOU4U-00046-00017067-00017342 malai is also home to the khanna Curren
wmML3PjOU4U-00047-00017343-00017555 one of the oldest surviving ancient
wmML3PjOU4U-00048-00017556-00017942 tribes in the world ecotourism is
wmML3PjOU4U-00049-00017943-00018160 popular in the area
wmML3PjOU4U-00050-00018161-00018455 Conny currents are the original tribal
wmML3PjOU4U-00051-00018456-00018755 settlers in augusta emily biosphere
wmML3PjOU4U-00052-00018756-00019298 reserve
wmML3PjOU4U-00053-00019299-00019864 topic management
wmML3PjOU4U-00054-00019865-00020125 a local committee and a state-level
wmML3PjOU4U-00055-00020126-00020335 biosphere management committee
wmML3PjOU4U-00056-00020336-00020586 co-ordinate the activities of various
wmML3PjOU4U-00057-00020587-00020914 departments in the ABR area and ensure
wmML3PjOU4U-00058-00020915-00021166 the scientific management of the ABR
wmML3PjOU4U-00059-00021167-00021427 according to guidelines of the Indian
wmML3PjOU4U-00060-00021428-00021889 Ministry of Environment and Forests
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00000-00000734-00000958 whether you've cooked your meal at home
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00001-00000959-00001204 or bought it at a restaurant knowing how
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00002-00001205-00001439 to preserve leftover food is key to
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00003-00001440-00001673 avoiding spoilage and foodborne illness
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00004-00001673-00001973 air water and temperature are your
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00005-00001973-00002189 biggest concerns when it comes to safely
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00006-00002190-00002441 handling leftovers remembering these
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00007-00002442-00002710 tips can make all the difference when
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00008-00002711-00002957 using foil or plastic wrap to pack food
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00009-00002958-00003215 for storage press down firmly to
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00010-00003215-00003485 eliminate air and keep it out to avoid
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00011-00003486-00003749 water accumulation cool leftover food
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00012-00003750-00003977 uncovered before placing it in the
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00013-00003978-00004235 refrigerator refrigerate leftovers as
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00014-00004236-00004499 promptly as possible lead never Place
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00015-00004500-00004738 hot food directly into the refrigerator
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00016-00004739-00004979 don't leave food out for more than two
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00017-00004980-00005231 hours one hour if you're in a warm
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00018-00005232-00005465 climate most leftovers should be frozen
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00019-00005466-00005711 if they won't be consumed within three
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00020-00005712-00005986 to four days whether Frozen or
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00021-00005987-00006202 refrigerated leftovers should be
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00022-00006203-00006436 reheated thoroughly before you eat them
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00023-00006437-00006713 knowing how to handle leftovers is smart
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00024-00006714-00007019 it saves money prevents food waste and
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00025-00007020-00007201 keeps your food safe
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00026-00007202-00007613 get more food facts at ift.org food
wnFs5Jn6R0g-00027-00007614-00007873 facts
xoL9FWoZXVY-00000-00000377-00000784 hi everyone its Shannon and I'm here in
xoL9FWoZXVY-00001-00000785-00001069 the wild flower garden in Discovery
xoL9FWoZXVY-00002-00001070-00001351 Hollow here at Ramsey County's Tamarack
xoL9FWoZXVY-00003-00001352-00001648 Nature Center this week is wildflower
xoL9FWoZXVY-00004-00001650-00001972 week well it's spring wildflower week
xoL9FWoZXVY-00005-00001973-00002237 because the flowers that we see in the
xoL9FWoZXVY-00006-00002238-00002432 spring aren't necessarily the same as
xoL9FWoZXVY-00007-00002433-00002665 the flowers we see in the summer and
xoL9FWoZXVY-00008-00002666-00002902 some of our spring wildflowers actually
xoL9FWoZXVY-00009-00002903-00003203 are called spring ephemeral because
xoL9FWoZXVY-00010-00003204-00003481 they're not around for very long so some
xoL9FWoZXVY-00011-00003482-00003622 of the flowers were looking at this week
xoL9FWoZXVY-00012-00003624-00003821 are kind of here and gone they might
xoL9FWoZXVY-00013-00003822-00003974 only be blooming for about a week and
xoL9FWoZXVY-00014-00003975-00004133 then they disappear and we don't see
xoL9FWoZXVY-00015-00004134-00004418 them anymore I do have some blooming
xoL9FWoZXVY-00016-00004419-00004744 here next to me Jay I have our bluebells
xoL9FWoZXVY-00017-00004745-00004982 always a lovely addition to any garden
xoL9FWoZXVY-00018-00004983-00005312 and if you look very closely back here
xoL9FWoZXVY-00019-00005313-00005708 behind me I have some violets I was on a
xoL9FWoZXVY-00020-00005709-00005879 gardening website earlier this week and
xoL9FWoZXVY-00021-00005880-00006169 they listed violets as a garden weed
xoL9FWoZXVY-00022-00006170-00006389 that was very disappointing to me
xoL9FWoZXVY-00023-00006390-00006602 because I don't think that violets are
xoL9FWoZXVY-00024-00006603-00006928 weed so what's the difference between a
xoL9FWoZXVY-00025-00006929-00007370 wild flower and a weed well a weed is
xoL9FWoZXVY-00026-00007370-00007556 basically any plant that is growing
xoL9FWoZXVY-00027-00007556-00007777 where it doesn't belong or where you
xoL9FWoZXVY-00028-00007778-00008063 don't want it so maybe some people might
xoL9FWoZXVY-00029-00008064-00008341 consider awhile a violet a weed I do not
xoL9FWoZXVY-00030-00008342-00008537 what I would consider a weed is this
xoL9FWoZXVY-00031-00008538-00008738 plant right next to me here it's pretty
xoL9FWoZXVY-00032-00008739-00009124 small it's called burdock it's that
xoL9FWoZXVY-00033-00009125-00009277 plant that grows in the woods that when
xoL9FWoZXVY-00034-00009278-00009419 your kids and your dogs go running
xoL9FWoZXVY-00035-00009420-00009553 through it they come back covered it in
xoL9FWoZXVY-00036-00009554-00009639 those
xoL9FWoZXVY-00037-00009640-00009973 it's very annoying that is a plant I do
xoL9FWoZXVY-00038-00009974-00010127 not want in my garden
xoL9FWoZXVY-00039-00010128-00010470 violets are a plant that I make room for
xoL9FWoZXVY-00040-00010471-00010806 in my garden as well as this other plant
xoL9FWoZXVY-00041-00010807-00011023 over here next to me this is called
xoL9FWoZXVY-00042-00011024-00011230 mayapple and if you take a peek under
xoL9FWoZXVY-00043-00011231-00011394 the leaves you'll see that it blooms
xoL9FWoZXVY-00044-00011395-00011758 underneath now why do we care about
xoL9FWoZXVY-00045-00011759-00012013 these wild flowers they're very
xoL9FWoZXVY-00046-00012014-00012394 important they serve a grand purpose for
xoL9FWoZXVY-00047-00012395-00012601 Minnesota's well for North America's
xoL9FWoZXVY-00048-00012602-00012930 4,000 species of native bees these are
xoL9FWoZXVY-00049-00012931-00013168 starting to emerge right now and this
xoL9FWoZXVY-00050-00013169-00013425 right here is the only source of pollen
xoL9FWoZXVY-00051-00013426-00013605 and nectar for all of these bees to keep
xoL9FWoZXVY-00052-00013606-00013846 them alive this spring so these wild
xoL9FWoZXVY-00053-00013847-00014091 flowers are super important for
xoL9FWoZXVY-00054-00014093-00014338 protecting our native bee population and
xoL9FWoZXVY-00055-00014338-00014541 we want to keep them around and keep
xoL9FWoZXVY-00056-00014543-00014863 them thriving so that we can have more
xoL9FWoZXVY-00057-00014863-00015147 food for our bees and keep them around
xoL9FWoZXVY-00058-00015147-00015441 so this week is wildflower week and we
xoL9FWoZXVY-00059-00015443-00015577 are gonna be talking about a lot of
xoL9FWoZXVY-00060-00015578-00015799 different wildflowers but before we go
xoL9FWoZXVY-00061-00015800-00015871 today
xoL9FWoZXVY-00062-00015872-00016078 I would like to take you down to the
xoL9FWoZXVY-00063-00016079-00016281 other end of the garden so that we can
xoL9FWoZXVY-00064-00016282-00016584 see a really cool and unique wildflower
xoL9FWoZXVY-00065-00016585-00017005 but not many people notice here we are
xoL9FWoZXVY-00066-00017006-00017200 at the other end of our wildflower
xoL9FWoZXVY-00067-00017201-00017484 garden and I'm here next to the wild
xoL9FWoZXVY-00068-00017485-00017752 ginger while ginger is one of my
xoL9FWoZXVY-00069-00017753-00018037 favorite groundcovers it's very unique
xoL9FWoZXVY-00070-00018038-00018208 and when you first look at it you think
xoL9FWoZXVY-00071-00018209-00018444 it doesn't have a flower it's just green
xoL9FWoZXVY-00072-00018445-00018669 leaves that's where you would be wrong
xoL9FWoZXVY-00073-00018670-00019050 because if you pull the leaves apart way
xoL9FWoZXVY-00074-00019051-00019327 down here at the bottom we have
xoL9FWoZXVY-00075-00019328-00019678 a flower a flowers right next to the
xoL9FWoZXVY-00076-00019679-00019918 ground and the unique thing about this
xoL9FWoZXVY-00077-00019919-00020107 flower besides that it looks really cool
xoL9FWoZXVY-00078-00020108-00020380 is that it is pollinated by ants and
xoL9FWoZXVY-00079-00020381-00020596 flies normally we think of our
xoL9FWoZXVY-00080-00020597-00020730 pollinators as being bees and
xoL9FWoZXVY-00081-00020731-00020884 butterflies but that's not always the
xoL9FWoZXVY-00082-00020885-00021262 case so this actually has a smell that I
xoL9FWoZXVY-00083-00021263-00021454 can't really smell but the ants and the
xoL9FWoZXVY-00084-00021455-00021685 Flies it smells kind of like rotting
xoL9FWoZXVY-00085-00021686-00021979 things and so they come and pollinate
xoL9FWoZXVY-00086-00021980-00022144 the flower that way and this stuff loves
xoL9FWoZXVY-00087-00022145-00022393 to spread all through the forest it's a
xoL9FWoZXVY-00088-00022394-00022708 really great little plant come on back
xoL9FWoZXVY-00089-00022709-00023008 to our Facebook page later this week we
xoL9FWoZXVY-00090-00023009-00023209 are going to take you on a little tour
xoL9FWoZXVY-00091-00023210-00023419 of Tamarack and show you where we can
xoL9FWoZXVY-00092-00023420-00023659 find some other wildflowers here at our
xoL9FWoZXVY-00093-00023660-00023923 Nature Center
x1zD2fs6eyU-00000-00000470-00000814 hi everyone I'm Alex from TransUnion and
x1zD2fs6eyU-00001-00000815-00001037 I've been running a workshop about the
x1zD2fs6eyU-00002-00001038-00001277 three ways of DevOps and it's worked so
x1zD2fs6eyU-00003-00001278-00001493 well that I felt compelled to come out
x1zD2fs6eyU-00004-00001494-00001655 here and tell some other people who are
x1zD2fs6eyU-00005-00001655-00001876 really passionate about DevOps all about
x1zD2fs6eyU-00006-00001877-00002231 it so that maybe you can cascade it bit
x1zD2fs6eyU-00007-00002232-00002423 of background with an origin story I've
x1zD2fs6eyU-00008-00002424-00002615 worked in software support and delivery
x1zD2fs6eyU-00009-00002616-00002813 for most of my professional life so
x1zD2fs6eyU-00010-00002814-00003008 neither death nor ops but a bit of both
x1zD2fs6eyU-00011-00003009-00003361 and a load though so I was struggling
x1zD2fs6eyU-00012-00003363-00003706 with how to make our deliveries more
x1zD2fs6eyU-00013-00003707-00003911 reliable less onerous with better
x1zD2fs6eyU-00014-00003911-00004241 testing all I knew is that we were doing
x1zD2fs6eyU-00015-00004242-00004406 it wrong and this is what happened when
x1zD2fs6eyU-00016-00004407-00004861 I mapped it out so what to do we'd heard
x1zD2fs6eyU-00017-00004862-00005086 about octopus deploy so I asked around a
x1zD2fs6eyU-00018-00005087-00005351 bit about that internally turned out our
x1zD2fs6eyU-00019-00005352-00005549 head of DevOps yeah we have one of those
x1zD2fs6eyU-00020-00005550-00005761 was the right person to talk to about
x1zD2fs6eyU-00021-00005762-00006079 this and so having asked about one tool
x1zD2fs6eyU-00022-00006080-00006326 he stood there and did his boxes and
x1zD2fs6eyU-00023-00006327-00006539 arrows and really really just brought
x1zD2fs6eyU-00024-00006540-00006755 DevOps to life for me I realized that
x1zD2fs6eyU-00025-00006756-00006962 what I was looking for was not a tool or
x1zD2fs6eyU-00026-00006963-00007355 a whole ethos so DevOps I'm going to
x1zD2fs6eyU-00027-00007356-00007528 stop shouting about it ever since
x1zD2fs6eyU-00028-00007529-00007766 but something I'm conscious of is I
x1zD2fs6eyU-00029-00007767-00007973 wanted to spread the word to more than
x1zD2fs6eyU-00030-00007973-00008303 just devs and offs involve other people
x1zD2fs6eyU-00031-00008304-00008609 as well attended loads of local meetups
x1zD2fs6eyU-00032-00008610-00008821 and stuff the thing that stood out to me
x1zD2fs6eyU-00033-00008822-00009167 most was the three ways not just that
x1zD2fs6eyU-00034-00009168-00009308 you know they're fascinating in the
x1zD2fs6eyU-00035-00009309-00009592 context of DevOps but it's good sense
x1zD2fs6eyU-00036-00009593-00009892 and that simplicity makes it really
x1zD2fs6eyU-00037-00009893-00010073 applicable to lots of other things lots
x1zD2fs6eyU-00038-00010074-00010520 of space for creative thinking so we got
x1zD2fs6eyU-00039-00010521-00010756 the chance to speak at Leeds DevOps and
x1zD2fs6eyU-00040-00010757-00010952 we want to talk about culture because
x1zD2fs6eyU-00041-00010953-00011092 that was something that people weren't
x1zD2fs6eyU-00042-00011093-00011210 talking about so much at the time
x1zD2fs6eyU-00043-00011211-00011539 everyone was talking more about tools so
x1zD2fs6eyU-00044-00011540-00011746 we did a bit of a navel-gazing exercise
x1zD2fs6eyU-00045-00011747-00011978 and we looked in our own company and the
x1zD2fs6eyU-00046-00011979-00012362 wider community found that though were
x1zD2fs6eyU-00047-00012363-00012542 obsessed with tools really good at tools
x1zD2fs6eyU-00048-00012543-00012802 we weren't really talking about culture
x1zD2fs6eyU-00049-00012803-00013082 we weren't necessarily sticking with the
x1zD2fs6eyU-00050-00013083-00013375 reasons we got into DevOps
x1zD2fs6eyU-00051-00013376-00013796 in fact what we needed to do was stop
x1zD2fs6eyU-00052-00013797-00014275 working in silos so much so we wanted to
x1zD2fs6eyU-00053-00014276-00014578 break out that comfort zone and engage
x1zD2fs6eyU-00054-00014579-00014758 other colleagues not just Devon ops in
x1zD2fs6eyU-00055-00014759-00014928 that their ops goodness and the passion
x1zD2fs6eyU-00056-00014929-00015302 so I got my chance the lead testing
x1zD2fs6eyU-00057-00015303-00015644 Atelier I just thought this is brilliant
x1zD2fs6eyU-00058-00015644-00015818 this is an opportunity to wrote these
x1zD2fs6eyU-00059-00015819-00016028 awesome tests professionals into the
x1zD2fs6eyU-00060-00016029-00016375 DevOps goodness and really get their
x1zD2fs6eyU-00061-00016376-00016544 take on it run a bit of a workshop with
x1zD2fs6eyU-00062-00016545-00016906 them perhaps so what is DevOps without
x1zD2fs6eyU-00063-00016907-00017080 test what a week increasing the flow of
x1zD2fs6eyU-00064-00017081-00017567 without test so this workshop was born
x1zD2fs6eyU-00065-00017568-00017725 and initially I called it testing is
x1zD2fs6eyU-00066-00017726-00018017 DevOps so I wasn't really sure where to
x1zD2fs6eyU-00067-00018018-00018338 start with the talk so I made some intro
x1zD2fs6eyU-00068-00018339-00018536 slides for it and just about the magic
x1zD2fs6eyU-00069-00018537-00018836 of DevOps if comms but all the time I
x1zD2fs6eyU-00070-00018837-00019052 was trying to find a way to explain
x1zD2fs6eyU-00071-00019053-00019231 three ways in a way that would really
x1zD2fs6eyU-00072-00019232-00019388 engendered that sort of creative
x1zD2fs6eyU-00073-00019389-00019553 thinking and get people to look at what
x1zD2fs6eyU-00074-00019554-00019909 they're doing every day when I found
x1zD2fs6eyU-00075-00019910-00020143 appropriate images for the three ways I
x1zD2fs6eyU-00076-00020144-00020369 realized that it's not just three
x1zD2fs6eyU-00077-00020370-00020647 underpinning principles but it could be
x1zD2fs6eyU-00078-00020648-00020852 three different personalities looking at
x1zD2fs6eyU-00079-00020853-00021008 the same thing in three different ways
x1zD2fs6eyU-00080-00021009-00021302 and comparing notes I thought this might
x1zD2fs6eyU-00081-00021303-00021511 be the hook that would get the audience
x1zD2fs6eyU-00082-00021512-00021886 into this so unholy trinity God's
x1zD2fs6eyU-00083-00021887-00022237 reporters and geniuses the first way the
x1zD2fs6eyU-00084-00022238-00022525 gods can see the entire system good and
x1zD2fs6eyU-00085-00022526-00022792 bad and seek to improve it a second way
x1zD2fs6eyU-00086-00022793-00023059 reporters they're driven to dig out the
x1zD2fs6eyU-00087-00023060-00023246 truth and report it to the right people
x1zD2fs6eyU-00088-00023247-00023572 and geniuses they're absolutely
x1zD2fs6eyU-00089-00023573-00023806 compelled to experiment and learn
x1zD2fs6eyU-00090-00023807-00024205 constantly so the talk that I gave at
x1zD2fs6eyU-00091-00024206-00024331 the beginning of the workshop was really
x1zD2fs6eyU-00092-00024332-00024490 simple it just went through the Devon
x1zD2fs6eyU-00093-00024491-00024818 Ops problem explained why DevOps came
x1zD2fs6eyU-00094-00024819-00025072 about bit of coms and a bit of the story
x1zD2fs6eyU-00095-00025073-00025519 that from us at TransUnion then it was
x1zD2fs6eyU-00096-00025520-00025750 time to talk about the three ways so I
x1zD2fs6eyU-00097-00025751-00025943 just explained to the participants that
x1zD2fs6eyU-00098-00025944-00026146 we'd be looking at the three different
x1zD2fs6eyU-00099-00026147-00026247 ways
x1zD2fs6eyU-00100-00026248-00026427 and though you need all three just for
x1zD2fs6eyU-00101-00026427-00026676 this we needed to pick the personality
x1zD2fs6eyU-00102-00026677-00026850 that appealed to them most and just
x1zD2fs6eyU-00103-00026851-00027207 concentrate on that so they divided
x1zD2fs6eyU-00104-00027208-00027426 themselves up pretty evenly between the
x1zD2fs6eyU-00105-00027427-00027689 three personalities and asked them not
x1zD2fs6eyU-00106-00027691-00027843 to get too hung up on the detail but
x1zD2fs6eyU-00107-00027844-00028116 just let the ideas flow and they came
x1zD2fs6eyU-00108-00028117-00028443 out with such amazing things as you can
x1zD2fs6eyU-00109-00028444-00028635 see that the gods even split themselves
x1zD2fs6eyU-00110-00028636-00029169 off into evil and good and I've run this
x1zD2fs6eyU-00111-00029170-00029283 with several of the groups since
x1zD2fs6eyU-00112-00029283-00029639 including IT security architects sales
x1zD2fs6eyU-00113-00029639-00029886 and I think it could work with others as
x1zD2fs6eyU-00114-00029887-00030288 well without fail they were really
x1zD2fs6eyU-00115-00030289-00030618 engaged by this and not only did they
x1zD2fs6eyU-00116-00030619-00030825 come up with these amazing ideas I also
x1zD2fs6eyU-00117-00030826-00031056 found that later into the evening they
x1zD2fs6eyU-00118-00031057-00031224 were still talking about themselves as
x1zD2fs6eyU-00119-00031225-00031476 God's reporters and geniuses really
x1zD2fs6eyU-00120-00031477-00031713 enjoying these new personalities so
x1zD2fs6eyU-00121-00031714-00031974 please download the materials have a go
x1zD2fs6eyU-00122-00031975-00032208 spread the word and let us know how you
x1zD2fs6eyU-00123-00032208-00032361 got
x1zD2fs6eyU-00124-00032362-00033119 [Applause]
x1zD2fs6eyU-00125-00033120-00033326 you
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00000-00000059-00000830 together
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00001-00000831-00002165 [Music]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00002-00002166-00002299 [Applause]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00003-00002300-00002578 [Music]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00004-00002579-00002748 [Applause]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00005-00002749-00002947 [Music]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00006-00002948-00003247 thank you
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00007-00003247-00003821 thank you
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00008-00003822-00003832 [Applause]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00010-00007425-00008454 [Music]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00011-00008455-00009167 [Music]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00012-00009168-00009647 foreign
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00014-00013319-00013472 the idea
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00015-00013474-00014144 [Music]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00016-00014146-00016427 [Music]
x1bA7rdZ1Jc-00017-00016428-00016741 [Music]
x32qDDOwo-c-00000-00000024-00000286 many times i'm sure that we've all taken
x32qDDOwo-c-00001-00000287-00000335 time
x32qDDOwo-c-00002-00000336-00000559 just to stop and reflect many times when
x32qDDOwo-c-00003-00000560-00000719 we hear what's happening in the news or
x32qDDOwo-c-00004-00000720-00000871 read the newspapers
x32qDDOwo-c-00005-00000872-00001119 where's all of this leading to what's
x32qDDOwo-c-00006-00001120-00001270 going on here
x32qDDOwo-c-00007-00001271-00001478 and so i think that now more than ever
x32qDDOwo-c-00008-00001479-00001655 we must begin to look at what are the
x32qDDOwo-c-00009-00001655-00001910 things that we can do
x32qDDOwo-c-00010-00001911-00002191 that would put us on some firm footing
x32qDDOwo-c-00011-00002192-00002391 in life that will enable us to do some
x32qDDOwo-c-00012-00002392-00002463 things and
x32qDDOwo-c-00013-00002464-00002655 and use some powers that we have that
x32qDDOwo-c-00014-00002656-00002823 many of us go through life
x32qDDOwo-c-00015-00002824-00002991 never ever discovering that we have
x32qDDOwo-c-00016-00002992-00003311 those things going for us
x32qDDOwo-c-00017-00003311-00003663 and part of that i believe
x32qDDOwo-c-00018-00003664-00003919 is knowing what is your life worth what
x32qDDOwo-c-00019-00003920-00004103 is it that gives your life a sense of
x32qDDOwo-c-00020-00004104-00004279 meaning and purpose
x32qDDOwo-c-00021-00004280-00004631 because once you find that it puts you
x32qDDOwo-c-00022-00004632-00004847 in your power place
x32qDDOwo-c-00023-00004848-00005054 see if you know what your life work is i
x32qDDOwo-c-00024-00005055-00005351 encourage you to start working on it
x32qDDOwo-c-00025-00005352-00005511 if you can't do it all at one time do
x32qDDOwo-c-00026-00005512-00005751 just a little bit of it
x32qDDOwo-c-00027-00005752-00005902 and if you don't know what it is that
x32qDDOwo-c-00028-00005903-00006095 you showed up to do if you don't know
x32qDDOwo-c-00029-00006096-00006318 why you're here
x32qDDOwo-c-00030-00006319-00006567 i encourage you to find out what your
x32qDDOwo-c-00031-00006568-00006623 purpose
x32qDDOwo-c-00032-00006623-00006887 is here what is the meaning of your life
x32qDDOwo-c-00033-00006888-00007023 what will be different have you ever
x32qDDOwo-c-00034-00007023-00007167 asked yourself that question
x32qDDOwo-c-00035-00007168-00007391 i've done that i i remember coming from
x32qDDOwo-c-00036-00007392-00007583 a friends of mine's funeral and i was
x32qDDOwo-c-00037-00007584-00007687 reflecting
x32qDDOwo-c-00038-00007688-00008006 on how much time i had left and i went
x32qDDOwo-c-00039-00008008-00008199 for a walk in a park thinking about this
x32qDDOwo-c-00040-00008200-00008399 guy whose life was so promising
x32qDDOwo-c-00041-00008400-00008646 and i mean he wasn't an old guy he was
x32qDDOwo-c-00042-00008647-00008814 quite young in fact
x32qDDOwo-c-00043-00008815-00008967 and i thought about all of the things
x32qDDOwo-c-00044-00008968-00009135 that he said he was going to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00045-00009136-00009342 and he never got a chance to do those
x32qDDOwo-c-00046-00009343-00009599 things
x32qDDOwo-c-00047-00009600-00009814 and i started thinking about my own life
x32qDDOwo-c-00048-00009815-00010103 and how much time i had left
x32qDDOwo-c-00049-00010104-00010431 to do the things that i would like to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00050-00010432-00010751 and at that time i wasn't sure what my
x32qDDOwo-c-00051-00010752-00011087 life purpose was what my life's work was
x32qDDOwo-c-00052-00011088-00011374 i wasn't sure about it at that time and
x32qDDOwo-c-00053-00011375-00011670 i thought about it quite a lot
x32qDDOwo-c-00054-00011671-00011910 i had some idea but i i wasn't convinced
x32qDDOwo-c-00055-00011911-00012127 that i don't think i felt worthy
x32qDDOwo-c-00056-00012128-00012359 i didn't believe that it could be me to
x32qDDOwo-c-00057-00012360-00012503 do this kind of work that i'm doing
x32qDDOwo-c-00058-00012504-00012687 right now
x32qDDOwo-c-00059-00012688-00012886 and i say to you that if you begin to
x32qDDOwo-c-00060-00012887-00013007 take a conscious
x32qDDOwo-c-00061-00013008-00013222 effort to find out what it is that
x32qDDOwo-c-00062-00013223-00013372 you're supposed to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00063-00013374-00013511 [Music]
x32qDDOwo-c-00064-00013512-00013847 i say that it can literally save your
x32qDDOwo-c-00065-00013847-00014007 life
x32qDDOwo-c-00066-00014008-00014238 i said that it can literally save your
x32qDDOwo-c-00067-00014240-00014366 life
x32qDDOwo-c-00068-00014368-00014711 85 of the american public according to
x32qDDOwo-c-00069-00014712-00014830 recent studies
x32qDDOwo-c-00070-00014831-00015247 are going to jobs that they hate
x32qDDOwo-c-00071-00015247-00015483 working on jobs that do not challenge
x32qDDOwo-c-00072-00015484-00015758 them
x32qDDOwo-c-00073-00015759-00016022 they get sick thinking about going
x32qDDOwo-c-00074-00016023-00016238 because see when you go to a job
x32qDDOwo-c-00075-00016240-00016567 and you already know how far you can go
x32qDDOwo-c-00076-00016568-00016799 you can already see that proverbial
x32qDDOwo-c-00077-00016800-00017047 glass ceiling
x32qDDOwo-c-00078-00017048-00017230 see when you're going someplace and you
x32qDDOwo-c-00079-00017231-00017415 already know how much you're going to
x32qDDOwo-c-00080-00017416-00017455 make
x32qDDOwo-c-00081-00017456-00017686 you already know how far you can go
x32qDDOwo-c-00082-00017687-00017911 you're in a dead-end position
x32qDDOwo-c-00083-00017912-00018271 it erodes your self-esteem
x32qDDOwo-c-00084-00018272-00018647 it lowers your sense of yourself
x32qDDOwo-c-00085-00018648-00018958 it creates an inner turmoil it creates
x32qDDOwo-c-00086-00018959-00019327 an emptiness in you
x32qDDOwo-c-00087-00019328-00019694 so i say that your life is worth finding
x32qDDOwo-c-00088-00019695-00020063 what it is that you're supposed to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00089-00020064-00020247 and i'm not saying quit your job i'm
x32qDDOwo-c-00090-00020248-00020439 saying find it and do just a little bit
x32qDDOwo-c-00091-00020440-00020607 of just start working at it just a
x32qDDOwo-c-00092-00020608-00020703 little bit but do
x32qDDOwo-c-00093-00020704-00020950 find out what your work is and hold on
x32qDDOwo-c-00094-00020951-00021207 to it and don't let your dream go
x32qDDOwo-c-00095-00021208-00021511 don't let it go see and here's something
x32qDDOwo-c-00096-00021512-00021663 else i want you to begin to look at why
x32qDDOwo-c-00097-00021664-00021822 is it that most people
x32qDDOwo-c-00098-00021823-00022039 don't pursue their dreams or don't do
x32qDDOwo-c-00099-00022040-00022167 better than what they're doing if
x32qDDOwo-c-00100-00022168-00022367 they're capable of doing it
x32qDDOwo-c-00101-00022368-00022567 i think that many of us don't go the
x32qDDOwo-c-00102-00022568-00022735 next step because we don't know what to
x32qDDOwo-c-00103-00022736-00022881 do yet
x32qDDOwo-c-00104-00022882-00022999 [Music]
x32qDDOwo-c-00105-00023000-00023303 and i say that that the reason that we
x32qDDOwo-c-00106-00023304-00023494 don't even explore the possibility of
x32qDDOwo-c-00107-00023495-00023630 what to do is because
x32qDDOwo-c-00108-00023631-00023878 subconsciously we don't believe that it
x32qDDOwo-c-00109-00023879-00024094 can happen for us and we don't believe
x32qDDOwo-c-00110-00024095-00024383 that we deserve it
x32qDDOwo-c-00111-00024384-00024614 here's something else most people are
x32qDDOwo-c-00112-00024615-00024822 not living their dreams because of fear
x32qDDOwo-c-00113-00024823-00024975 ladies and gentlemen
x32qDDOwo-c-00114-00024976-00025283 fear limited vision and lack of
x32qDDOwo-c-00115-00025284-00025471 self-esteem
x32qDDOwo-c-00116-00025472-00025662 is what keep most people doing things
x32qDDOwo-c-00117-00025663-00026046 they don't want to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00118-00026047-00026214 that is an illusion that we create in
x32qDDOwo-c-00119-00026216-00026439 our mind it is a state of mind
x32qDDOwo-c-00120-00026439-00026790 that can be changed so let's look at how
x32qDDOwo-c-00121-00026791-00026951 we can begin to take some steps to
x32qDDOwo-c-00122-00026952-00027135 restructure that fear
x32qDDOwo-c-00123-00027136-00027318 to begin to expand our visions of
x32qDDOwo-c-00124-00027319-00027479 ourselves to begin
x32qDDOwo-c-00125-00027480-00027695 to increase our self-esteem website said
x32qDDOwo-c-00126-00027695-00027918 that self-esteem means competence and
x32qDDOwo-c-00127-00027919-00028287 satisfaction in oneself
x32qDDOwo-c-00128-00028288-00028455 the same reason that people stay in
x32qDDOwo-c-00129-00028456-00028670 relationships where their abuser they're
x32qDDOwo-c-00130-00028672-00028846 unhappy or it's unfulfilling
x32qDDOwo-c-00131-00028847-00029070 they can't see themselves beyond that
x32qDDOwo-c-00132-00029072-00029262 relationship they can't see themselves
x32qDDOwo-c-00133-00029263-00029367 enjoying life
x32qDDOwo-c-00134-00029368-00029551 without that person they think that this
x32qDDOwo-c-00135-00029552-00029687 is all that they can do
x32qDDOwo-c-00136-00029688-00029887 the same reason that people get stuck at
x32qDDOwo-c-00137-00029888-00030031 a certain level in life
x32qDDOwo-c-00138-00030032-00030214 they can't see things being better for
x32qDDOwo-c-00139-00030216-00030383 them and they think that this is
x32qDDOwo-c-00140-00030383-00030583 it and this is all they deserve this is
x32qDDOwo-c-00141-00030583-00030718 all they've ever seen
x32qDDOwo-c-00142-00030719-00030943 it's been passed on to them and they
x32qDDOwo-c-00143-00030944-00031039 think that this is
x32qDDOwo-c-00144-00031039-00031462 it for them oh no
x32qDDOwo-c-00145-00031463-00031807 i was looking what dr blanton
x32qDDOwo-c-00146-00031808-00032007 smiley blanton who is a colleague of dr
x32qDDOwo-c-00147-00032008-00032231 norman vincent peale
x32qDDOwo-c-00148-00032232-00032399 what he said about theories that fear is
x32qDDOwo-c-00149-00032400-00032567 the most subtle
x32qDDOwo-c-00150-00032568-00033055 and destructive of all human diseases
x32qDDOwo-c-00151-00033056-00033325 ladies and gentlemen fear kills dreams
x32qDDOwo-c-00152-00033326-00033455 [Music]
x32qDDOwo-c-00153-00033456-00033831 fear kills hope fear
x32qDDOwo-c-00154-00033832-00034167 put people in the hospital fear can aid
x32qDDOwo-c-00155-00034168-00034302 you
x32qDDOwo-c-00156-00034303-00034574 fear ladies and gentlemen can hold you
x32qDDOwo-c-00157-00034575-00034743 back from doing something that you know
x32qDDOwo-c-00158-00034744-00034831 within yourself
x32qDDOwo-c-00159-00034832-00035062 that you're capable of doing but it will
x32qDDOwo-c-00160-00035063-00035318 paralyze you
x32qDDOwo-c-00161-00035319-00035495 and it seem like you're in a hypnotic
x32qDDOwo-c-00162-00035496-00035646 spell
x32qDDOwo-c-00163-00035647-00035815 and i ask you a question what is the
x32qDDOwo-c-00164-00035816-00035983 benefit
x32qDDOwo-c-00165-00035984-00036215 what's the benefit of allowing fear to
x32qDDOwo-c-00166-00036216-00036351 hold you back
x32qDDOwo-c-00167-00036352-00036662 what's the benefit of giving up on
x32qDDOwo-c-00168-00036663-00036767 yourself
x32qDDOwo-c-00169-00036768-00037007 of not stepping out on life and taking
x32qDDOwo-c-00170-00037008-00037087 life on
x32qDDOwo-c-00171-00037088-00037271 what is the benefit for you what's the
x32qDDOwo-c-00172-00037272-00037511 plus in that
x32qDDOwo-c-00173-00037512-00037639 it's one of the things i had to ask
x32qDDOwo-c-00174-00037640-00037887 myself so i didn't want to make any
x32qDDOwo-c-00175-00037888-00038039 mistakes
x32qDDOwo-c-00176-00038040-00038239 i wanted everybody to like me i wanted
x32qDDOwo-c-00177-00038240-00038415 to be perfect the first time i did
x32qDDOwo-c-00178-00038416-00038527 something
x32qDDOwo-c-00179-00038528-00038799 it's not going to happen you're going to
x32qDDOwo-c-00180-00038800-00038951 make some mistakes you're going to hurt
x32qDDOwo-c-00181-00038952-00039071 some folks feelings you're going to
x32qDDOwo-c-00182-00039072-00039174 create some enemies
x32qDDOwo-c-00183-00039175-00039318 whenever you decide that you want to
x32qDDOwo-c-00184-00039319-00039607 begin to take life on
x32qDDOwo-c-00185-00039608-00039871 you've got to ask yourself how long am i
x32qDDOwo-c-00186-00039872-00040102 going to allow this to hold me back
x32qDDOwo-c-00187-00040103-00040311 i like what zig ziglar says he said fear
x32qDDOwo-c-00188-00040312-00040455 is false evidence
x32qDDOwo-c-00189-00040456-00040846 appearing real
x32qDDOwo-c-00190-00040847-00041167 so here's what i'm suggesting how much
x32qDDOwo-c-00191-00041168-00041527 time do you spend working on you
x32qDDOwo-c-00192-00041528-00041735 how much time do you spend every day
x32qDDOwo-c-00193-00041736-00041990 working on your dream
x32qDDOwo-c-00194-00041991-00042239 in the last 90 days how many books have
x32qDDOwo-c-00195-00042240-00042340 you read
x32qDDOwo-c-00196-00042341-00042558 [Music]
x32qDDOwo-c-00197-00042559-00042862 in the last year what
x32qDDOwo-c-00198-00042863-00043223 new skill or knowledge have you acquired
x32qDDOwo-c-00199-00043224-00043483 what kind of investment have you made in
x32qDDOwo-c-00200-00043484-00043639 you
x32qDDOwo-c-00201-00043640-00043918 look at your life right now whatever
x32qDDOwo-c-00202-00043919-00044046 you've done up to this point in time
x32qDDOwo-c-00203-00044047-00044246 your life is working
x32qDDOwo-c-00204-00044247-00044535 whatever you have produced it came out
x32qDDOwo-c-00205-00044536-00044583 of you
x32qDDOwo-c-00206-00044584-00044727 as a result of the kind of person that
x32qDDOwo-c-00207-00044728-00044935 you have become as a result of your
x32qDDOwo-c-00208-00044936-00044999 choices
x32qDDOwo-c-00209-00045000-00045230 as a result of your consciousness now
x32qDDOwo-c-00210-00045231-00045383 you have to ask yourself
x32qDDOwo-c-00211-00045384-00045590 are you satisfied with what you have
x32qDDOwo-c-00212-00045591-00045767 produced
x32qDDOwo-c-00213-00045768-00046071 is this what you want would you like for
x32qDDOwo-c-00214-00046072-00046287 things to be better than this
x32qDDOwo-c-00215-00046288-00046439 do you believe that you deserve better
x32qDDOwo-c-00216-00046440-00046607 than this are you content this is it you
x32qDDOwo-c-00217-00046608-00046711 don't have to do everything anything
x32qDDOwo-c-00218-00046712-00046743 else
x32qDDOwo-c-00219-00046744-00046958 that you already resign yourself in life
x32qDDOwo-c-00220-00046959-00047095 you say well i'm happy
x32qDDOwo-c-00221-00047096-00047255 i'm not starving like the people in
x32qDDOwo-c-00222-00047256-00047567 calcutta
x32qDDOwo-c-00223-00047568-00047758 so i'm saying that as you begin to look
x32qDDOwo-c-00224-00047759-00047886 at where you want to go if you want to
x32qDDOwo-c-00225-00047887-00048030 make it today
x32qDDOwo-c-00226-00048031-00048207 and things are changing so fast you have
x32qDDOwo-c-00227-00048208-00048511 to literally run the stand still
x32qDDOwo-c-00228-00048512-00048702 i'm saying that you've got to make some
x32qDDOwo-c-00229-00048703-00048911 conscious effort to begin to work to
x32qDDOwo-c-00230-00048912-00049135 develop you
x32qDDOwo-c-00231-00049136-00049302 are you allowing yourself to get off the
x32qDDOwo-c-00232-00049303-00049471 hook like that
x32qDDOwo-c-00233-00049472-00049646 or do you believe somewhere in the back
x32qDDOwo-c-00234-00049647-00049823 of your mind or in your heart
x32qDDOwo-c-00235-00049824-00050023 that there is some other great work for
x32qDDOwo-c-00236-00050024-00050143 you to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00237-00050144-00050383 there's something else that life has for
x32qDDOwo-c-00238-00050384-00050471 you
x32qDDOwo-c-00239-00050472-00050799 and that's why you're here how do we
x32qDDOwo-c-00240-00050800-00050862 handle this
x32qDDOwo-c-00241-00050863-00051086 fear factor how do we increase our
x32qDDOwo-c-00242-00051087-00051174 self-esteem
x32qDDOwo-c-00243-00051175-00051438 you have to begin to fortify yourself
x32qDDOwo-c-00244-00051439-00051590 how do we do that
x32qDDOwo-c-00245-00051591-00051799 i believe that you have to begin to
x32qDDOwo-c-00246-00051800-00051919 consciously
x32qDDOwo-c-00247-00051920-00052182 monitor your inner conversation and
x32qDDOwo-c-00248-00052183-00052230 start
x32qDDOwo-c-00249-00052232-00052447 talking to yourself start building
x32qDDOwo-c-00250-00052448-00052575 yourself up sometimes
x32qDDOwo-c-00251-00052576-00052791 the only good things you will hear about
x32qDDOwo-c-00252-00052791-00053071 you are the things that you say to you
x32qDDOwo-c-00253-00053072-00053391 something learn to be your own booster
x32qDDOwo-c-00254-00053391-00053607 start building yourself up
x32qDDOwo-c-00255-00053608-00053894 start encouraging yourself start saying
x32qDDOwo-c-00256-00053895-00054023 i can do this
x32qDDOwo-c-00257-00054024-00054247 i can make this happen when i started
x32qDDOwo-c-00258-00054248-00054430 thinking about becoming a speaker i said
x32qDDOwo-c-00259-00054432-00054575 yes i can do this
x32qDDOwo-c-00260-00054576-00054750 i can make this happen when i start
x32qDDOwo-c-00261-00054751-00054919 trying to convince myself i can be a
x32qDDOwo-c-00262-00054920-00054999 businessman
x32qDDOwo-c-00263-00055000-00055230 after flopping and failing and losing
x32qDDOwo-c-00264-00055232-00055438 thousands of dollars and feeling stupid
x32qDDOwo-c-00265-00055439-00055519 and dumb
x32qDDOwo-c-00266-00055520-00055687 and having people take advantage of me
x32qDDOwo-c-00267-00055688-00055863 because of what i didn't know
x32qDDOwo-c-00268-00055864-00056038 i had to talk to myself because people
x32qDDOwo-c-00269-00056039-00056191 were saying to me that i was dumb and
x32qDDOwo-c-00270-00056191-00056326 somewhere in the back of my mind i was
x32qDDOwo-c-00271-00056327-00056463 saying you're right look at what i've
x32qDDOwo-c-00272-00056464-00056526 done
x32qDDOwo-c-00273-00056527-00056830 i had to say no no no no no no no less
x32qDDOwo-c-00274-00056832-00057063 hey hey come on man get yourself
x32qDDOwo-c-00275-00057064-00057166 together
x32qDDOwo-c-00276-00057167-00057335 you can handle this you just haven't
x32qDDOwo-c-00277-00057336-00057471 figured it out yet
x32qDDOwo-c-00278-00057472-00057638 it's all right this is your training
x32qDDOwo-c-00279-00057639-00057838 period this is the tuition you have to
x32qDDOwo-c-00280-00057839-00057887 pay
x32qDDOwo-c-00281-00057888-00058238 for what you don't know you can do this
x32qDDOwo-c-00282-00058239-00058366 other people have done it doesn't take
x32qDDOwo-c-00283-00058367-00058391 an
x32qDDOwo-c-00284-00058391-00058687 einstein get you some people that can
x32qDDOwo-c-00285-00058688-00058830 teach you some stuff that you don't know
x32qDDOwo-c-00286-00058832-00058911 get you some
x32qDDOwo-c-00287-00058912-00059071 people that have done it successfully
x32qDDOwo-c-00288-00059072-00059271 and learn from them take some seminars
x32qDDOwo-c-00289-00059272-00059430 workshops read some books on how to
x32qDDOwo-c-00290-00059432-00059591 manage a business
x32qDDOwo-c-00291-00059591-00059759 change the way you see yourself and
x32qDDOwo-c-00292-00059760-00059959 begin to attend to the personal details
x32qDDOwo-c-00293-00059960-00060094 understand that nobody's going to take
x32qDDOwo-c-00294-00060095-00062038 care of your business better than you
x32qDDOwo-c-00295-00062039-00062287 that many times i'm sure that we've all
x32qDDOwo-c-00296-00062288-00062375 taken time
x32qDDOwo-c-00297-00062376-00062599 just to stop and reflect many times when
x32qDDOwo-c-00298-00062600-00062759 we hear what's happening in the news or
x32qDDOwo-c-00299-00062760-00062903 read the newspapers
x32qDDOwo-c-00300-00062904-00063150 where's all of this leading to what's
x32qDDOwo-c-00301-00063151-00063206 going on
x32qDDOwo-c-00302-00063207-00063487 here and so i think that now more than
x32qDDOwo-c-00303-00063488-00063687 ever we must begin to look at what are
x32qDDOwo-c-00304-00063688-00063950 the things that we can do
x32qDDOwo-c-00305-00063951-00064238 that would put us on some firm footing
x32qDDOwo-c-00306-00064239-00064438 in life that will enable us to do some
x32qDDOwo-c-00307-00064439-00064511 things and
x32qDDOwo-c-00308-00064512-00064703 and use some powers that we have that
x32qDDOwo-c-00309-00064704-00064871 many of us go through life
x32qDDOwo-c-00310-00064872-00065038 never ever discovering that we have
x32qDDOwo-c-00311-00065039-00065359 those things going for us
x32qDDOwo-c-00312-00065360-00065711 and part of that i believe
x32qDDOwo-c-00313-00065712-00065967 is knowing what is your life worth what
x32qDDOwo-c-00314-00065968-00066150 is it that gives your life a sense of
x32qDDOwo-c-00315-00066151-00066326 meaning and purpose
x32qDDOwo-c-00316-00066327-00066671 because once you find that it puts you
x32qDDOwo-c-00317-00066672-00066894 in your power place
x32qDDOwo-c-00318-00066895-00067103 see if you know what your life work is i
x32qDDOwo-c-00319-00067104-00067399 encourage you to start working on it
x32qDDOwo-c-00320-00067400-00067559 if you can't do it all at one time do
x32qDDOwo-c-00321-00067560-00067799 just a little bit of it
x32qDDOwo-c-00322-00067800-00067950 and if you don't know what it is that
x32qDDOwo-c-00323-00067951-00068143 you showed up to do if you don't know
x32qDDOwo-c-00324-00068144-00068367 why you're here
x32qDDOwo-c-00325-00068368-00068606 i encourage you to find out what your
x32qDDOwo-c-00326-00068607-00068799 purpose is here what is the meaning
x32qDDOwo-c-00327-00068800-00069047 of your life what will be different have
x32qDDOwo-c-00328-00069048-00069215 you ever asked yourself that question
x32qDDOwo-c-00329-00069216-00069438 i've done that i i remember coming from
x32qDDOwo-c-00330-00069439-00069631 a friend of mine's funeral and i was
x32qDDOwo-c-00331-00069632-00069735 reflecting
x32qDDOwo-c-00332-00069736-00070047 on how much time i had left and i went
x32qDDOwo-c-00333-00070048-00070247 for a walk in a park thinking about this
x32qDDOwo-c-00334-00070248-00070438 guy whose life was so promising
x32qDDOwo-c-00335-00070439-00070694 and i mean he wasn't an old guy he was
x32qDDOwo-c-00336-00070695-00070855 quite young in fact
x32qDDOwo-c-00337-00070856-00071015 and i thought about all of the things
x32qDDOwo-c-00338-00071016-00071182 that he said he was going to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00339-00071183-00071482 and he never got a chance to do those
x32qDDOwo-c-00340-00071483-00071647 things
x32qDDOwo-c-00341-00071648-00071862 and i started thinking about my own life
x32qDDOwo-c-00342-00071863-00071967 and how much time
x32qDDOwo-c-00343-00071968-00072279 i had left to do the things that i would
x32qDDOwo-c-00344-00072280-00072479 like to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00345-00072480-00072799 and at that time i wasn't sure what my
x32qDDOwo-c-00346-00072800-00072950 life purpose was what my
x32qDDOwo-c-00347-00072951-00073247 life's work was i wasn't sure about it
x32qDDOwo-c-00348-00073248-00073406 at that time
x32qDDOwo-c-00349-00073407-00073719 and i thought about it quite a lot
x32qDDOwo-c-00350-00073720-00073950 i had some idea but i i wasn't convinced
x32qDDOwo-c-00351-00073951-00074175 that i don't think i felt worthy
x32qDDOwo-c-00352-00074176-00074406 i didn't believe that it could be me to
x32qDDOwo-c-00353-00074407-00074550 do this kind of work that i'm doing
x32qDDOwo-c-00354-00074551-00074735 right now
x32qDDOwo-c-00355-00074736-00074935 and i say to you that if you begin to
x32qDDOwo-c-00356-00074936-00075055 take a conscious
x32qDDOwo-c-00357-00075056-00075271 effort to find out what it is that
x32qDDOwo-c-00358-00075272-00075418 you're supposed to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00359-00075419-00075559 [Music]
x32qDDOwo-c-00360-00075560-00075894 i say that it can literally save your
x32qDDOwo-c-00361-00075895-00076055 life
x32qDDOwo-c-00362-00076056-00076287 i said that it can literally save your
x32qDDOwo-c-00363-00076288-00076415 life
x32qDDOwo-c-00364-00076416-00076575 eighty-five percent of the american
x32qDDOwo-c-00365-00076576-00076871 public according to recent studies
x32qDDOwo-c-00366-00076872-00077294 are going to jobs that they hate
x32qDDOwo-c-00367-00077295-00077503 working on jobs that do not challenge
x32qDDOwo-c-00368-00077504-00077806 them
x32qDDOwo-c-00369-00077807-00078071 they get sick thinking about going
x32qDDOwo-c-00370-00078072-00078287 because see when you go to a job
x32qDDOwo-c-00371-00078288-00078615 and you already know how far you can go
x32qDDOwo-c-00372-00078616-00078838 you can already see that proverbial
x32qDDOwo-c-00373-00078839-00079094 glass ceiling
x32qDDOwo-c-00374-00079095-00079271 see when you're going someplace and you
x32qDDOwo-c-00375-00079272-00079462 already know how much you're going to
x32qDDOwo-c-00376-00079463-00079503 make
x32qDDOwo-c-00377-00079504-00079735 you already know how far you can go
x32qDDOwo-c-00378-00079736-00079959 you're in a dead-end position
x32qDDOwo-c-00379-00079960-00080319 it erodes your self-esteem
x32qDDOwo-c-00380-00080320-00080694 it lowers your sense of yourself
x32qDDOwo-c-00381-00080695-00081006 it creates an inner turmoil it creates
x32qDDOwo-c-00382-00081007-00081094 an emptiness
x32qDDOwo-c-00383-00081095-00081526 in you so i say that your life
x32qDDOwo-c-00384-00081527-00081823 is worth finding what it is that you're
x32qDDOwo-c-00385-00081824-00082111 supposed to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00386-00082112-00082294 and i'm not saying quit your job i'm
x32qDDOwo-c-00387-00082295-00082479 saying find it and do just a little bit
x32qDDOwo-c-00388-00082480-00082655 of just start working at it just a
x32qDDOwo-c-00389-00082656-00082750 little bit but do
x32qDDOwo-c-00390-00082751-00082999 find out what your work is and hold on
x32qDDOwo-c-00391-00083000-00083255 to it and don't let your dream go
x32qDDOwo-c-00392-00083256-00083550 don't let it go see and here's something
x32qDDOwo-c-00393-00083551-00083711 else i want you to begin to look at why
x32qDDOwo-c-00394-00083712-00083862 is it that most people
x32qDDOwo-c-00395-00083863-00084087 don't pursue their dreams or don't do
x32qDDOwo-c-00396-00084088-00084199 better than what they're doing
x32qDDOwo-c-00397-00084200-00084455 if they're capable of doing it i think
x32qDDOwo-c-00398-00084456-00084550 that many of us
x32qDDOwo-c-00399-00084551-00084726 don't go the next step because we don't
x32qDDOwo-c-00400-00084727-00085038 know what to do yet
x32qDDOwo-c-00401-00085039-00085350 and i say that that the reason that we
x32qDDOwo-c-00402-00085351-00085543 don't even explore the possibility of
x32qDDOwo-c-00403-00085544-00085615 what to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00404-00085616-00085855 is because subconsciously we don't
x32qDDOwo-c-00405-00085856-00086031 believe that it can happen for us
x32qDDOwo-c-00406-00086032-00086431 and we don't believe that we deserve it
x32qDDOwo-c-00407-00086432-00086662 here's something else most people are
x32qDDOwo-c-00408-00086663-00086871 not living their dreams because of fear
x32qDDOwo-c-00409-00086872-00087023 ladies and gentlemen
x32qDDOwo-c-00410-00087024-00087326 fear limited vision and lack of
x32qDDOwo-c-00411-00087327-00087511 self-esteem
x32qDDOwo-c-00412-00087512-00087711 is what keep most people doing things
x32qDDOwo-c-00413-00087712-00088094 they don't want to do
x32qDDOwo-c-00414-00088095-00088262 that is an illusion that we create in
x32qDDOwo-c-00415-00088263-00088487 our mind it is a state of mind
x32qDDOwo-c-00416-00088488-00088831 that can be changed so let's look at how
x32qDDOwo-c-00417-00088832-00088999 we can begin to take some steps to
x32qDDOwo-c-00418-00089000-00089182 restructure that fear
x32qDDOwo-c-00419-00089183-00089367 to begin to expand our visions of
x32qDDOwo-c-00420-00089368-00089688 ourselves to begin
x32y6SwMBh8-00000-00000017-00000473 hey there and welcome to learn WordPress
x32y6SwMBh8-00001-00000474-00000676 in this tutorial you'll be learning how
x32y6SwMBh8-00002-00000677-00000899 to restrict access to custom post types
x32y6SwMBh8-00003-00000900-00001193 via the built-in capability system
x32y6SwMBh8-00004-00001194-00001312 you will learn how the different
x32y6SwMBh8-00005-00001313-00001493 capabilities are assigned to a custom
x32y6SwMBh8-00006-00001494-00001768 post type and how to manage them
x32y6SwMBh8-00007-00001769-00001973 as well as how to add custom post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00008-00001973-00002357 capabilities to new or existing roles
x32y6SwMBh8-00009-00002358-00002555 let's say you need to create a plugin
x32y6SwMBh8-00010-00002556-00002747 that allows a site owner to add the
x32y6SwMBh8-00011-00002748-00002933 following functionality to a WordPress
x32y6SwMBh8-00012-00002934-00003142 site
x32y6SwMBh8-00013-00003143-00003401 the ability to define a custom post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00014-00003402-00003635 called story
x32y6SwMBh8-00015-00003636-00003856 the ability to create users with a
x32y6SwMBh8-00016-00003857-00004085 writer role who can only create edit and
x32y6SwMBh8-00017-00004086-00004336 delete unpublished stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00018-00004337-00004522 the writer role should also be able to
x32y6SwMBh8-00019-00004523-00004763 publish their own stories but not edit
x32y6SwMBh8-00020-00004764-00005015 or delete stories once published any
x32y6SwMBh8-00021-00005016-00005177 site administrator should be able to
x32y6SwMBh8-00022-00005178-00005393 create edit and delete any stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00023-00005394-00005585 regardless of whether they are published
x32y6SwMBh8-00024-00005586-00005927 or not or who they were created by
x32y6SwMBh8-00025-00005928-00006161 to create the story custom post type you
x32y6SwMBh8-00026-00006162-00006311 might have some code in your plugin that
x32y6SwMBh8-00027-00006312-00006472 looks like this
x32y6SwMBh8-00028-00006473-00006664 here you're using the register post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00029-00006665-00006881 function to register the story custom
x32y6SwMBh8-00030-00006881-00007013 post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00031-00007014-00007205 and passing in some specific arguments
x32y6SwMBh8-00032-00007206-00007433 to turn certain things on and off
x32y6SwMBh8-00033-00007434-00007655 when a custom post type is registered in
x32y6SwMBh8-00034-00007656-00007883 this way it inherits the capabilities of
x32y6SwMBh8-00035-00007884-00008033 the post post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00036-00008034-00008207 to see these capabilities in your
x32y6SwMBh8-00037-00008208-00008410 dashboard during development you might
x32y6SwMBh8-00038-00008411-00008621 register a sub menu page that displays
x32y6SwMBh8-00039-00008622-00008783 the capabilities of the story custom
x32y6SwMBh8-00040-00008784-00008999 post type which is only available to
x32y6SwMBh8-00041-00009000-00009185 admins
x32y6SwMBh8-00042-00009186-00009371 inside the Callback function for this
x32y6SwMBh8-00043-00009372-00009556 page you could access the custom post
x32y6SwMBh8-00044-00009557-00009796 type object from the wp post types
x32y6SwMBh8-00045-00009797-00009971 Global array variable
x32y6SwMBh8-00046-00009972-00010145 you could then print out the capability
x32y6SwMBh8-00047-00010146-00010427 type map metacap and cap properties of
x32y6SwMBh8-00048-00010428-00010691 the story post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00049-00010692-00010937 with the plugin active when logged in as
x32y6SwMBh8-00050-00010938-00011123 an administrator user this is what you
x32y6SwMBh8-00051-00011124-00011273 might see when you visit the page in
x32y6SwMBh8-00052-00011274-00011387 your dashboard
x32y6SwMBh8-00053-00011388-00011633 as you can see the capability type
x32y6SwMBh8-00054-00011634-00011813 inherits from post
x32y6SwMBh8-00055-00011814-00012149 map metacap is set to true and the cap
x32y6SwMBh8-00056-00012150-00012353 property contains an array of
x32y6SwMBh8-00057-00012354-00012617 capabilities that are inherited from the
x32y6SwMBh8-00058-00012618-00012833 default WordPress capabilities for a
x32y6SwMBh8-00059-00012834-00013043 post to understand how these
x32y6SwMBh8-00060-00013044-00013193 capabilities are mapped to the custom
x32y6SwMBh8-00061-00013194-00013427 post type you need to understand how
x32y6SwMBh8-00062-00013428-00013715 these three properties are set up
x32y6SwMBh8-00063-00013716-00013943 do this take a look at the register post
x32y6SwMBh8-00064-00013944-00014183 type function which currently exists at
x32y6SwMBh8-00065-00014184-00014627 line 1679 of the wp include post.php
x32y6SwMBh8-00066-00014628-00014716 file
x32y6SwMBh8-00067-00014718-00015136 on line 1694 the wp post type object is
x32y6SwMBh8-00068-00015137-00015383 created and the args array is passed to
x32y6SwMBh8-00069-00015384-00015580 the class Constructor
x32y6SwMBh8-00070-00015581-00015803 if you open the file for the wp post
x32y6SwMBh8-00071-00015804-00016007 type class you'll see the following code
x32y6SwMBh8-00072-00016008-00016271 at around line 541.
x32y6SwMBh8-00073-00016272-00016529 here if the capabilities argument is
x32y6SwMBh8-00074-00016530-00016775 empty and the map metacap argument is
x32y6SwMBh8-00075-00016776-00017050 null and the capability type argument is
x32y6SwMBh8-00076-00017051-00017327 set to either post or page then the map
x32y6SwMBh8-00077-00017328-00017608 metacap argument is set true
x32y6SwMBh8-00078-00017609-00017836 if you scroll back up to line 480 you
x32y6SwMBh8-00079-00017837-00017986 can see that the default value for
x32y6SwMBh8-00080-00017987-00018215 capability type is post
x32y6SwMBh8-00081-00018216-00018400 so because your custom post type doesn't
x32y6SwMBh8-00082-00018401-00018569 pass any of these arguments then map
x32y6SwMBh8-00083-00018570-00018797 metacap is set to true
x32y6SwMBh8-00084-00018798-00019036 later on the cap property is set to the
x32y6SwMBh8-00085-00019037-00019199 results of the get post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00086-00019200-00019397 capabilities function
x32y6SwMBh8-00087-00019398-00019625 this function accepts the args array as
x32y6SwMBh8-00088-00019626-00019805 an argument and returns an array of
x32y6SwMBh8-00089-00019806-00019967 capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00090-00019968-00020177 so because the capability type argument
x32y6SwMBh8-00091-00020178-00020380 is set to post and the map metacap
x32y6SwMBh8-00092-00020381-00020585 argument is set to true then the cap
x32y6SwMBh8-00093-00020586-00020764 property on the story custom post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00094-00020765-00020927 will be set to an array of capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00095-00020928-00021136 that are mapped to the default WordPress
x32y6SwMBh8-00096-00021137-00021430 capabilities for a post
x32y6SwMBh8-00097-00021431-00021641 you can control these capabilities by
x32y6SwMBh8-00098-00021642-00021814 passing relevant values to the three
x32y6SwMBh8-00099-00021815-00022049 arguments that are used above as
x32y6SwMBh8-00100-00022050-00022193 described in the developer handbook
x32y6SwMBh8-00101-00022194-00022499 entry for register post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00102-00022500-00022714 the possible arguments are capability
x32y6SwMBh8-00103-00022715-00022889 type
x32y6SwMBh8-00104-00022890-00023099 capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00105-00023100-00023417 and map metacap
x32y6SwMBh8-00106-00023418-00023597 the first step in setting custom
x32y6SwMBh8-00107-00023598-00023783 capabilities for your custom post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00108-00023784-00023986 is to set the capability type argument
x32y6SwMBh8-00109-00023987-00024250 to something other than post
x32y6SwMBh8-00110-00024251-00024713 in this case you could set it to story
x32y6SwMBh8-00111-00024714-00024863 if you now take a look at the cap
x32y6SwMBh8-00112-00024864-00025036 property on your custom post type you
x32y6SwMBh8-00113-00025037-00025175 will see that the capabilities have
x32y6SwMBh8-00114-00025176-00025486 changed
x32y6SwMBh8-00115-00025487-00025702 however it's not using the correct
x32y6SwMBh8-00116-00025704-00025967 pluralization of story so you need to
x32y6SwMBh8-00117-00025968-00026200 explicitly set the plural version of the
x32y6SwMBh8-00118-00026201-00026446 capability type by passing in an array
x32y6SwMBh8-00119-00026447-00026662 of values the first being the singular
x32y6SwMBh8-00120-00026663-00026831 name and the second being the
x32y6SwMBh8-00121-00026832-00027131 pluralization
x32y6SwMBh8-00122-00027132-00027431 so we will change this to
x32y6SwMBh8-00123-00027432-00027637 an array
x32y6SwMBh8-00124-00027638-00027995 story and stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00125-00027995-00028139 now if you take a look at the cap
x32y6SwMBh8-00126-00028139-00028337 property on your custom post type you
x32y6SwMBh8-00127-00028338-00028462 will see that the capabilities have
x32y6SwMBh8-00128-00028463-00028781 changed again
x32y6SwMBh8-00129-00028782-00028985 notice that this list does not include
x32y6SwMBh8-00130-00028986-00029201 all the same capabilities when they were
x32y6SwMBh8-00131-00029202-00029489 inherited from post
x32y6SwMBh8-00132-00029489-00029711 this is because by setting a capability
x32y6SwMBh8-00133-00029712-00029939 type the first conditional check in the
x32y6SwMBh8-00134-00029939-00030167 wp post type class you looked at earlier
x32y6SwMBh8-00135-00030168-00030443 returns false and so the map metacap
x32y6SwMBh8-00136-00030444-00030689 argument is now set to false which means
x32y6SwMBh8-00137-00030689-00030851 the additional capabilities are not
x32y6SwMBh8-00138-00030852-00031096 mapped for the custom post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00139-00031097-00031264 now would be a good time to talk about
x32y6SwMBh8-00140-00031266-00031423 the different types of capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00141-00031424-00031649 there are three types of capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00142-00031650-00031973 available to custom post types
x32y6SwMBh8-00143-00031974-00032279 meta capabilities are capabilities that
x32y6SwMBh8-00144-00032280-00032549 are mapped to primitive capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00145-00032550-00032771 the three meta capabilities are edit
x32y6SwMBh8-00146-00032772-00033155 post read post and delete post
x32y6SwMBh8-00147-00033156-00033395 an example the edit post meta capability
x32y6SwMBh8-00148-00033396-00033593 is mapped to primitive capabilities like
x32y6SwMBh8-00149-00033594-00033935 edit posts and edit others posts
x32y6SwMBh8-00150-00033936-00034121 because the meta capabilities are
x32y6SwMBh8-00151-00034122-00034240 automatically mapped to certain
x32y6SwMBh8-00152-00034241-00034439 primitive capabilities it's generally
x32y6SwMBh8-00153-00034440-00034661 recommended not to Grant The Meta
x32y6SwMBh8-00154-00034662-00034877 capabilities directly to users or roles
x32y6SwMBh8-00155-00034878-00035183 and rather to Grant any of the Primitive
x32y6SwMBh8-00156-00035184-00035399 capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00157-00035400-00035585 there are two types of primitive
x32y6SwMBh8-00158-00035586-00035807 capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00159-00035808-00036023 those that are automatically mapped to a
x32y6SwMBh8-00160-00036024-00036190 meta capability when you register a
x32y6SwMBh8-00161-00036191-00036352 custom post type with a specific
x32y6SwMBh8-00162-00036353-00036502 capability type
x32y6SwMBh8-00163-00036503-00036857 and those that are not
x32y6SwMBh8-00164-00036858-00037085 understand the differences take a look
x32y6SwMBh8-00165-00037086-00037252 at the get post type capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00166-00037253-00037595 function in the wp includes post.php
x32y6SwMBh8-00167-00037596-00037715 file
x32y6SwMBh8-00168-00037716-00037871 this is the same function you saw
x32y6SwMBh8-00169-00037872-00038093 earlier in the wp post type class that
x32y6SwMBh8-00170-00038094-00038285 builds up the capabilities object for
x32y6SwMBh8-00171-00038286-00038524 the cap property on the custom post type
x32y6SwMBh8-00172-00038525-00038633 object
x32y6SwMBh8-00173-00038634-00038812 here you can see that the default
x32y6SwMBh8-00174-00038813-00039065 capabilities are always set which
x32y6SwMBh8-00175-00039066-00039365 includes the three meta capabilities and
x32y6SwMBh8-00176-00039366-00039646 five primitive capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00177-00039647-00039862 then an additional six primitive
x32y6SwMBh8-00178-00039863-00040115 capabilities are added these are known
x32y6SwMBh8-00179-00040116-00040289 as the Primitive capabilities used
x32y6SwMBh8-00180-00040290-00040577 within the map metacap function
x32y6SwMBh8-00181-00040578-00040817 below that the create post capability is
x32y6SwMBh8-00182-00040818-00041080 automatically mapped to edit posts for a
x32y6SwMBh8-00183-00041081-00041512 total of 15 possible capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00184-00041513-00041662 you might be wondering what the map
x32y6SwMBh8-00185-00041663-00042052 metacap function is and what it does
x32y6SwMBh8-00186-00042053-00042239 the map metacap function is used
x32y6SwMBh8-00187-00042240-00042418 whenever the current user can function
x32y6SwMBh8-00188-00042419-00042707 is called to check if a user role has a
x32y6SwMBh8-00189-00042708-00042851 specific capability
x32y6SwMBh8-00190-00042852-00043055 if you dive into the code underneath the
x32y6SwMBh8-00191-00043056-00043211 current user can function you'll see it
x32y6SwMBh8-00192-00043212-00043409 eventually calls the hascap function of
x32y6SwMBh8-00193-00043410-00043667 the wp user class which in turn calls
x32y6SwMBh8-00194-00043668-00043852 the map metacap function
x32y6SwMBh8-00195-00043853-00044129 map metacap maps a capability to the
x32y6SwMBh8-00196-00044130-00044315 Primitive capabilities required of the
x32y6SwMBh8-00197-00044316-00044507 given user to satisfy the capability
x32y6SwMBh8-00198-00044508-00044758 being checked based on the context of
x32y6SwMBh8-00199-00044759-00044867 the check
x32y6SwMBh8-00200-00044868-00045071 the map metacap function does not check
x32y6SwMBh8-00201-00045072-00045251 whether the user has the required
x32y6SwMBh8-00202-00045252-00045490 capabilities it just Returns what the
x32y6SwMBh8-00203-00045491-00045821 required capabilities are
x32y6SwMBh8-00204-00045822-00046018 to help explain this let's look at an
x32y6SwMBh8-00205-00046019-00046246 example let's say you want to use
x32y6SwMBh8-00206-00046247-00046451 current user can to check if the current
x32y6SwMBh8-00207-00046452-00046685 user can edit a specific post by
x32y6SwMBh8-00208-00046686-00046883 checking against the edit post meta
x32y6SwMBh8-00209-00046884-00047045 capability
x32y6SwMBh8-00210-00047046-00047327 based on the context of the post the
x32y6SwMBh8-00211-00047328-00047512 result for this check can depend on a
x32y6SwMBh8-00212-00047513-00047668 few factors
x32y6SwMBh8-00213-00047669-00047939 is the user the author of the post and
x32y6SwMBh8-00214-00047940-00048208 is the post already published
x32y6SwMBh8-00215-00048209-00048395 when checking against the edit post
x32y6SwMBh8-00216-00048396-00048629 capability the map metacap function will
x32y6SwMBh8-00217-00048630-00048862 check all these factors and return the
x32y6SwMBh8-00218-00048863-00049012 correct set of primitive capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00219-00049013-00049265 that the user must have to allow editing
x32y6SwMBh8-00220-00049266-00049421 of the post
x32y6SwMBh8-00221-00049422-00049624 so if the post is written by someone
x32y6SwMBh8-00222-00049625-00049877 else and it's published it would turn an
x32y6SwMBh8-00223-00049878-00050105 array containing the edit others posts
x32y6SwMBh8-00224-00050106-00050429 and edit published post capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00225-00050430-00050627 in this case the user would not only
x32y6SwMBh8-00226-00050628-00050879 need the edit post capability but also
x32y6SwMBh8-00227-00050880-00051112 the edit others posts and edit published
x32y6SwMBh8-00228-00051113-00051340 post capabilities in order to edit this
x32y6SwMBh8-00229-00051341-00051490 post
x32y6SwMBh8-00230-00051491-00051682 if you look back at the different lists
x32y6SwMBh8-00231-00051683-00051838 of capabilities that you might need for
x32y6SwMBh8-00232-00051839-00052025 your writer you'll notice that some
x32y6SwMBh8-00233-00052026-00052301 exist as meta capabilities some is the
x32y6SwMBh8-00234-00052302-00052438 automatically mapped primitive
x32y6SwMBh8-00235-00052439-00052654 capabilities and some exist as the
x32y6SwMBh8-00236-00052655-00052900 Primitive capabilities mapped inside map
x32y6SwMBh8-00237-00052901-00053080 meter cap
x32y6SwMBh8-00238-00053082-00053261 as discussed earlier you should not
x32y6SwMBh8-00239-00053262-00053476 Grant The Meta capabilities directly to
x32y6SwMBh8-00240-00053477-00053753 users or roles and rather to add any of
x32y6SwMBh8-00241-00053754-00053992 the Primitive capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00242-00053994-00054221 therefore you're going to want to add
x32y6SwMBh8-00243-00054222-00054382 the following automatically mapped
x32y6SwMBh8-00244-00054383-00054544 primitive capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00245-00054545-00054869 edit stories delete stories publish
x32y6SwMBh8-00246-00054870-00055192 stories and read private stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00247-00055194-00055379 but you're also going to want to add the
x32y6SwMBh8-00248-00055379-00055553 following primitive capabilities mapped
x32y6SwMBh8-00249-00055554-00055757 inside mapmetic app
x32y6SwMBh8-00250-00055758-00056021 the read capability the delete private
x32y6SwMBh8-00251-00056022-00056254 stories capability and the edit private
x32y6SwMBh8-00252-00056255-00056507 stories capability
x32y6SwMBh8-00253-00056508-00056830 there are two ways you can do this
x32y6SwMBh8-00254-00056832-00056999 you can add additional primitive
x32y6SwMBh8-00255-00057000-00057203 capabilities you need by using the
x32y6SwMBh8-00256-00057204-00057382 capabilities arguments of the register
x32y6SwMBh8-00257-00057383-00057611 post type function
x32y6SwMBh8-00258-00057612-00057880 so under your capability type
x32y6SwMBh8-00259-00057882-00058103 you could add the specific capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00260-00058104-00058271 you need
x32y6SwMBh8-00261-00058272-00058426 if you now take a look at the cap
x32y6SwMBh8-00262-00058427-00058607 property of the custom post type object
x32y6SwMBh8-00263-00058608-00058804 you'll see that the capabilities object
x32y6SwMBh8-00264-00058805-00059003 now includes all the capabilities you
x32y6SwMBh8-00265-00059004-00059207 added
x32y6SwMBh8-00266-00059208-00059441 you can now add these capabilities to
x32y6SwMBh8-00267-00059441-00059650 your writer role
x32y6SwMBh8-00268-00059651-00059873 the other option is to set the map
x32y6SwMBh8-00269-00059874-00060094 metacap argument to true
x32y6SwMBh8-00270-00060095-00060311 this will automatically also map The
x32y6SwMBh8-00271-00060312-00060461 Meta capabilities to the Primitive
x32y6SwMBh8-00272-00060462-00060826 capabilities used inside map metacap
x32y6SwMBh8-00273-00060827-00061000 with this option all the possible
x32y6SwMBh8-00274-00061001-00061211 capabilities will be mapped and you can
x32y6SwMBh8-00275-00061212-00061409 then add the specific ones you need to
x32y6SwMBh8-00276-00061410-00061654 your user roles
x32y6SwMBh8-00277-00061655-00062050 but you can take out the capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00278-00062051-00062350 and include map metacap and if we
x32y6SwMBh8-00279-00062351-00062687 inspect the list of capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00280-00062688-00062873 they are all there
x32y6SwMBh8-00281-00062874-00063088 ultimately it's up to you which option
x32y6SwMBh8-00282-00063089-00063197 you choose
x32y6SwMBh8-00283-00063198-00063400 the capabilities argument is a bit more
x32y6SwMBh8-00284-00063401-00063647 flexible and provides more fine grain
x32y6SwMBh8-00285-00063648-00063880 control but using the map metacap
x32y6SwMBh8-00286-00063882-00064150 argument requires less work on your Bot
x32y6SwMBh8-00287-00064151-00064313 it's also worth noting that either
x32y6SwMBh8-00288-00064314-00064504 option will not automatically add the
x32y6SwMBh8-00289-00064505-00064750 capabilities to any role you still need
x32y6SwMBh8-00290-00064751-00064942 to Define that yourself
x32y6SwMBh8-00291-00064944-00065153 one other thing change when you set the
x32y6SwMBh8-00292-00065154-00065411 custom capability type argument your
x32y6SwMBh8-00293-00065412-00065626 admin user can no longer access stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00294-00065627-00065765 in the dashboard
x32y6SwMBh8-00295-00065766-00065975 this is because the administrator user
x32y6SwMBh8-00296-00065976-00066137 role has not been given the capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00297-00066138-00066329 to access stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00298-00066330-00066521 because your admin user role should be
x32y6SwMBh8-00299-00066522-00066719 able to access everything now would be a
x32y6SwMBh8-00300-00066720-00066899 good time to add all the capabilities to
x32y6SwMBh8-00301-00066900-00067150 the admin role this is another reason to
x32y6SwMBh8-00302-00067151-00067343 consider using the map metacap argument
x32y6SwMBh8-00303-00067344-00067565 as it will automatically map all the
x32y6SwMBh8-00304-00067566-00067769 capabilities which you can assign to the
x32y6SwMBh8-00305-00067770-00067943 admin role
x32y6SwMBh8-00306-00067944-00068081 as you learned in the developing
x32y6SwMBh8-00307-00068082-00068243 WordPress user roles and capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00308-00068244-00068476 tutorial the right place to do this is
x32y6SwMBh8-00309-00068477-00068747 inside a plugin activation hook
x32y6SwMBh8-00310-00068748-00069035 first deactivate your plugin so that you
x32y6SwMBh8-00311-00069036-00069161 can activate it to trigger the
x32y6SwMBh8-00312-00069162-00069388 activation hook
x32y6SwMBh8-00313-00069389-00069629 side plugins
x32y6SwMBh8-00314-00069630-00070013 we can deactivate
x32y6SwMBh8-00315-00070014-00070235 then create the register activation hook
x32y6SwMBh8-00316-00070236-00070481 in your plugin and use it to assign the
x32y6SwMBh8-00317-00070482-00070673 required capabilities to the
x32y6SwMBh8-00318-00070674-00070876 administrator user because there are so
x32y6SwMBh8-00319-00070877-00071026 many capabilities to add it's a good
x32y6SwMBh8-00320-00071027-00071237 idea to store them in an array and then
x32y6SwMBh8-00321-00071238-00071375 Loop through them to add them to the
x32y6SwMBh8-00322-00071376-00071603 role if you ever need to add or remove
x32y6SwMBh8-00323-00071604-00071800 capabilities you can just update the
x32y6SwMBh8-00324-00071801-00071885 array
x32y6SwMBh8-00325-00071886-00072059 you do not need to add the read
x32y6SwMBh8-00326-00072060-00072275 capability as this is already added to
x32y6SwMBh8-00327-00072276-00072473 the administrator role
x32y6SwMBh8-00328-00072474-00072653 at the same time you can add the
x32y6SwMBh8-00329-00072654-00072803 deactivation hook to remove the
x32y6SwMBh8-00330-00072804-00072994 capabilities from the administrator role
x32y6SwMBh8-00331-00072995-00073241 if the plugin is ever deactivated
x32y6SwMBh8-00332-00073242-00073469 now you can create the writer role and
x32y6SwMBh8-00333-00073470-00073631 only apply the capabilities that the
x32y6SwMBh8-00334-00073632-00073805 writer needs
x32y6SwMBh8-00335-00073806-00074003 inside the activation hook callback
x32y6SwMBh8-00336-00074004-00074188 function you can create the writer role
x32y6SwMBh8-00337-00074189-00074411 using the add role function and add the
x32y6SwMBh8-00338-00074412-00075167 relevant capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00339-00075168-00075394 as a reminder the writer can only create
x32y6SwMBh8-00340-00075395-00075659 edit and delete unpublish stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00341-00075660-00075809 and writers should also be able to
x32y6SwMBh8-00342-00075810-00076013 publish their own stories but not edit
x32y6SwMBh8-00343-00076014-00076253 or delete stories once published
x32y6SwMBh8-00344-00076254-00076456 note that you can do this inside an
x32y6SwMBh8-00345-00076457-00076600 existing activation hook callback
x32y6SwMBh8-00346-00076601-00076894 function or you can create a new one
x32y6SwMBh8-00347-00076895-00077062 at the same time it's a good idea to
x32y6SwMBh8-00348-00077063-00077219 update the deactivation callback
x32y6SwMBh8-00349-00077220-00077459 function or create a new one to remove
x32y6SwMBh8-00350-00077460-00078125 the role when the plugin is deactivated
x32y6SwMBh8-00351-00078126-00078335 Now activate the plugin and check that
x32y6SwMBh8-00352-00078336-00078556 the admin can create edit publish and
x32y6SwMBh8-00353-00078557-00078731 edit a published story
x32y6SwMBh8-00354-00078732-00079037 so if we activate
x32y6SwMBh8-00355-00079038-00079438 admins can now access stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00356-00079439-00080567 and create new stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00357-00080568-00080800 then create a new user and assign the
x32y6SwMBh8-00358-00080801-00081041 writer role to the user login as the
x32y6SwMBh8-00359-00081042-00081191 writer and check that the writer can
x32y6SwMBh8-00360-00081192-00081412 create edit and publish a story but
x32y6SwMBh8-00361-00081413-00081647 cannot delete a published story they
x32y6SwMBh8-00362-00081648-00081785 also should not be able to edit or
x32y6SwMBh8-00363-00081786-00082121 delete anyone else's stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00364-00082122-00082438 so let's create the writer user give
x32y6SwMBh8-00365-00082439-00082750 them a simple password
x32y6SwMBh8-00366-00082751-00083279 and assign the writer role
x32y6SwMBh8-00367-00083280-00084137 and then log in as the writer
x32y6SwMBh8-00368-00084138-00084341 the writer can access stories but cannot
x32y6SwMBh8-00369-00084342-00084599 edit the admin story
x32y6SwMBh8-00370-00084600-00085331 they can create a new story
x32y6SwMBh8-00371-00085332-00085517 they can save
x32y6SwMBh8-00372-00085518-00086021 and edit their stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00373-00086022-00086315 but once published
x32y6SwMBh8-00374-00086316-00086711 writers cannot edit their own stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00375-00086712-00086867 your specific requirements will
x32y6SwMBh8-00376-00086868-00087041 determine how you set your capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00377-00087042-00087281 for your custom post types perhaps you
x32y6SwMBh8-00378-00087282-00087419 don't need the administrative role to
x32y6SwMBh8-00379-00087420-00087556 access stories
x32y6SwMBh8-00380-00087557-00087725 then you could just have manually set
x32y6SwMBh8-00381-00087726-00087929 the additional capabilities you need and
x32y6SwMBh8-00382-00087930-00088156 not use the map metacap argument
x32y6SwMBh8-00383-00088157-00088349 either way whatever capabilities you
x32y6SwMBh8-00384-00088350-00088523 configure will only be applied once you
x32y6SwMBh8-00385-00088524-00088709 add them to a role
x32y6SwMBh8-00386-00088710-00088888 generally your process for setting up
x32y6SwMBh8-00387-00088889-00089135 custom post type capabilities will be
x32y6SwMBh8-00388-00089136-00089381 to set the correct capability type or
x32y6SwMBh8-00389-00089382-00089494 types
x32y6SwMBh8-00390-00089495-00089675 then use either the capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00391-00089676-00089921 argument or the map metacap argument to
x32y6SwMBh8-00392-00089922-00090082 set up any additional capabilities you
x32y6SwMBh8-00393-00090083-00090226 require
x32y6SwMBh8-00394-00090227-00090412 and then to either update an existing
x32y6SwMBh8-00395-00090413-00090635 role or create a new custom role and
x32y6SwMBh8-00396-00090636-00090899 assign the relevant capabilities needed
x32y6SwMBh8-00397-00090900-00091132 always remember to set up roles and or
x32y6SwMBh8-00398-00091133-00091367 capabilities inside an activation hook
x32y6SwMBh8-00399-00091368-00091600 callback function and remove them inside
x32y6SwMBh8-00400-00091601-00091918 a deactivation hook callback function
x32y6SwMBh8-00401-00091919-00092093 you could read up on how capabilities
x32y6SwMBh8-00402-00092094-00092291 can be mapped on custom post types in
x32y6SwMBh8-00403-00092292-00092482 the parameter detail information section
x32y6SwMBh8-00404-00092483-00092699 of the register post type documentation
x32y6SwMBh8-00405-00092700-00092987 in the WordPress developer handbook as
x32y6SwMBh8-00406-00092988-00093173 well as the function reference entry on
x32y6SwMBh8-00407-00093174-00093443 the get post type capabilities function
x32y6SwMBh8-00408-00093444-00093727 happy coding
x37I7_EHC0U-00000-00000600-00000719 hello everyone welcome back to thecube's
x37I7_EHC0U-00001-00000720-00000999 coverage of kubecon cloudnativecon 2021.
x37I7_EHC0U-00002-00001000-00001215 we're here in person at a real event i'm
x37I7_EHC0U-00003-00001216-00001391 john furrier host of the cube with dave
x37I7_EHC0U-00004-00001392-00001543 nicholson my co-host got great guests
x37I7_EHC0U-00005-00001544-00001767 here two founders of brand new startup
x37I7_EHC0U-00006-00001768-00001982 one week old kim lonowski and dave
x37I7_EHC0U-00007-00001984-00002302 lawrence with chainguard former google
x37I7_EHC0U-00008-00002303-00002583 employees open source community members
x37I7_EHC0U-00009-00002584-00002799 decided to start a company with five
x37I7_EHC0U-00010-00002800-00002918 other people
x37I7_EHC0U-00011-00002919-00003158 total five total congratulations welcome
x37I7_EHC0U-00012-00003159-00003327 to the cube thank you thank you for
x37I7_EHC0U-00013-00003328-00003527 having us so tell us what you're proud
x37I7_EHC0U-00014-00003528-00003647 of you know
x37I7_EHC0U-00015-00003647-00003822 we know you don't have a prize so
x37I7_EHC0U-00016-00003823-00003959 take us through the story because this
x37I7_EHC0U-00017-00003960-00004103 is one of those rare moments we got
x37I7_EHC0U-00018-00004104-00004279 great chance to chat with you guys just
x37I7_EHC0U-00019-00004280-00004438 a week into the new formed company in
x37I7_EHC0U-00020-00004439-00004654 the team what's the focus what's the
x37I7_EHC0U-00021-00004655-00004759 vision
x37I7_EHC0U-00022-00004760-00004886 how far back do you want to go with this
x37I7_EHC0U-00023-00004887-00005118 story go into why you left google so you
x37I7_EHC0U-00024-00005119-00005327 know where gin and tonics get a couple
x37I7_EHC0U-00025-00005328-00005431 beers
x37I7_EHC0U-00026-00005432-00005591 i can do that we can do that let's take
x37I7_EHC0U-00027-00005592-00005711 over the world
x37I7_EHC0U-00028-00005712-00005870 sure yeah yeah so we've both been at
x37I7_EHC0U-00029-00005871-00006079 google uh for a while um the last couple
x37I7_EHC0U-00030-00006080-00006215 of years we've been really worried about
x37I7_EHC0U-00031-00006216-00006431 and focused on open source security risk
x37I7_EHC0U-00032-00006431-00006583 and supply chain security in general in
x37I7_EHC0U-00033-00006584-00006751 software um it's been a really
x37I7_EHC0U-00034-00006752-00006927 interesting time as you probably noticed
x37I7_EHC0U-00035-00006928-00007095 to be in that space but it wasn't that
x37I7_EHC0U-00036-00007095-00007239 interesting
x37I7_EHC0U-00037-00007240-00007463 two years ago or even a year and a half
x37I7_EHC0U-00038-00007464-00007551 ago
x37I7_EHC0U-00039-00007552-00007678 so we were doing a bunch of this work at
x37I7_EHC0U-00040-00007679-00007910 google in the open source nobody really
x37I7_EHC0U-00041-00007911-00008031 understood it people kind of looked at
x37I7_EHC0U-00042-00008031-00008295 us funny at talks at conferences
x37I7_EHC0U-00043-00008296-00008574 and then beginning of this year a bunch
x37I7_EHC0U-00044-00008575-00008742 of attacks started happening things in
x37I7_EHC0U-00045-00008743-00008959 the headlines like solar winds uh the
x37I7_EHC0U-00046-00008960-00009214 solarwinds attack the casa attack all
x37I7_EHC0U-00047-00009215-00009367 these different ransomware things
x37I7_EHC0U-00048-00009368-00009519 happening uh companies and governments
x37I7_EHC0U-00049-00009520-00009678 are getting hit with supply chain
x37I7_EHC0U-00050-00009679-00009942 attacks so overnight people kind of
x37I7_EHC0U-00051-00009943-00010087 started caring and being really worried
x37I7_EHC0U-00052-00010088-00010191 about the stuff that we've been doing
x37I7_EHC0U-00053-00010192-00010335 for a while so it was a pretty cool
x37I7_EHC0U-00054-00010336-00010455 thing to be a part of and it seemed like
x37I7_EHC0U-00055-00010456-00010591 a good time to start a company and give
x37I7_EHC0U-00056-00010592-00010719 your reaction to the startup how do you
x37I7_EHC0U-00057-00010720-00010887 obviously feel must feel super excited
x37I7_EHC0U-00058-00010888-00011071 yeah i'm really excited i was in stars
x37I7_EHC0U-00059-00011072-00011231 before google so then i went to google
x37I7_EHC0U-00060-00011232-00011399 we were there for seven i guess dan a
x37I7_EHC0U-00061-00011400-00011519 little bit longer but i was there for
x37I7_EHC0U-00062-00011520-00011783 seven years on the product side and then
x37I7_EHC0U-00063-00011784-00011999 yeah we we the open source stuff we were
x37I7_EHC0U-00064-00012000-00012199 really there for protecting google and
x37I7_EHC0U-00065-00012200-00012367 we both came from cloud before that
x37I7_EHC0U-00066-00012368-00012551 working on enterprise products so then
x37I7_EHC0U-00067-00012552-00012727 sort of just saw the opportunity you
x37I7_EHC0U-00068-00012728-00012855 know all these companies trying to
x37I7_EHC0U-00069-00012856-00013046 scramble and and sort of figure out how
x37I7_EHC0U-00070-00013047-00013199 to better secure themselves so it seemed
x37I7_EHC0U-00071-00013200-00013399 like a perfect startup the startup bug
x37I7_EHC0U-00072-00013400-00013535 and you're backing the startup but it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00073-00013536-00013686 the timings perfect
x37I7_EHC0U-00074-00013687-00013863 i gotta say this is a big conversation
x37I7_EHC0U-00075-00013863-00014015 supply chain from whether it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00076-00014016-00014286 components and software now huge attack
x37I7_EHC0U-00077-00014287-00014519 vector people are taking advantage of it
x37I7_EHC0U-00078-00014519-00014663 super important so i'm really glad
x37I7_EHC0U-00079-00014663-00014863 you're doing it but first explain to the
x37I7_EHC0U-00080-00014863-00015111 folks watching what is
x37I7_EHC0U-00081-00015112-00015294 supply chain software what's the
x37I7_EHC0U-00082-00015295-00015479 challenge what is the what is the supply
x37I7_EHC0U-00083-00015480-00015775 chain security challenge or problem sure
x37I7_EHC0U-00084-00015776-00015950 yeah it's the metaphor software supply
x37I7_EHC0U-00085-00015951-00016094 chain it's just like physical supply
x37I7_EHC0U-00086-00016095-00016230 chain that's where the name came from
x37I7_EHC0U-00087-00016231-00016550 and it really comes down to how the code
x37I7_EHC0U-00088-00016551-00016719 gets from your team's keyboard your
x37I7_EHC0U-00089-00016720-00016927 team's fingers on those keyboards into
x37I7_EHC0U-00090-00016928-00017150 your production environment um and
x37I7_EHC0U-00091-00017151-00017303 that's just the first level of it uh
x37I7_EHC0U-00092-00017304-00017422 because nobody writes all of the code
x37I7_EHC0U-00093-00017423-00017527 they use themselves right we're here
x37I7_EHC0U-00094-00017528-00017694 cloud native con it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00095-00017695-00017855 hundreds of open source vendors hundreds
x37I7_EHC0U-00096-00017856-00017999 of open source libraries that people are
x37I7_EHC0U-00097-00018000-00018183 reusing so your
x37I7_EHC0U-00098-00018184-00018286 trust
x37I7_EHC0U-00099-00018287-00018463 radius and your attack radius extends to
x37I7_EHC0U-00100-00018464-00018583 not just your own companies your own
x37I7_EHC0U-00101-00018584-00018775 developers but to everyone at this
x37I7_EHC0U-00102-00018776-00018919 conference and then everyone that they
x37I7_EHC0U-00103-00018920-00019150 rely on all the way out uh it's quite
x37I7_EHC0U-00104-00019151-00019343 terrifying uh it's a surprise
x37I7_EHC0U-00105-00019344-00019486 they would say yeah it's a large surface
x37I7_EHC0U-00106-00019487-00019614 area the surface area explodes pretty
x37I7_EHC0U-00107-00019615-00019839 quickly and people are can and the
x37I7_EHC0U-00108-00019840-00019950 targeting too because everyone's
x37I7_EHC0U-00109-00019951-00020111 touching the code it's open so there's a
x37I7_EHC0U-00110-00020112-00020279 lot of action going on
x37I7_EHC0U-00111-00020280-00020439 how do you solve the problem what is the
x37I7_EHC0U-00112-00020440-00020575 approach what's the mindset what's the
x37I7_EHC0U-00113-00020576-00020671 vision
x37I7_EHC0U-00114-00020672-00020886 on the problem solving solution yeah
x37I7_EHC0U-00115-00020887-00021039 it's a great question i mean i think
x37I7_EHC0U-00116-00021040-00021158 like you said the first step is
x37I7_EHC0U-00117-00021159-00021319 awareness like dan's been laughing he's
x37I7_EHC0U-00118-00021320-00021519 been felt like a crazy guy in the corner
x37I7_EHC0U-00119-00021520-00021678 saying you know stop building software
x37I7_EHC0U-00120-00021679-00021886 underneath your desk and
x37I7_EHC0U-00121-00021887-00022022 and you know getting companies now he's
x37I7_EHC0U-00122-00022023-00022143 a rock star
x37I7_EHC0U-00123-00022144-00022303 hey we needed you why don't you tell us
x37I7_EHC0U-00124-00022304-00022543 i was chilling for five years yeah but
x37I7_EHC0U-00125-00022544-00022735 but i think one of his you know go-to
x37I7_EHC0U-00126-00022736-00022911 lines was like would you pick up a thumb
x37I7_EHC0U-00127-00022912-00023047 drive off the side of the street and
x37I7_EHC0U-00128-00023048-00023311 plug it into your computer probably not
x37I7_EHC0U-00129-00023312-00023463 but when you download you know an open
x37I7_EHC0U-00130-00023464-00023599 source package or something that's
x37I7_EHC0U-00131-00023600-00023767 actually can give you more privileges in
x37I7_EHC0U-00132-00023768-00023950 production environments and it's so it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00133-00023951-00024078 pretty scary
x37I7_EHC0U-00134-00024079-00024303 um so i think you know for the last few
x37I7_EHC0U-00135-00024304-00024447 years we've been working on a number of
x37I7_EHC0U-00136-00024448-00024671 open source um projects in this space
x37I7_EHC0U-00137-00024672-00024822 and so i think that's where we're going
x37I7_EHC0U-00138-00024823-00024975 to start is we're going to look at those
x37I7_EHC0U-00139-00024976-00025150 and and try to grow out the community
x37I7_EHC0U-00140-00025151-00025335 and we're watching companies even like
x37I7_EHC0U-00141-00025336-00025511 solarwinds trying to piece these parts
x37I7_EHC0U-00142-00025512-00025614 together
x37I7_EHC0U-00143-00025616-00025727 and really come up with a better
x37I7_EHC0U-00144-00025727-00025934 solution for themselves
x37I7_EHC0U-00145-00025935-00026046 are there
x37I7_EHC0U-00146-00026047-00026318 existing community initiatives or open
x37I7_EHC0U-00147-00026319-00026414 source
x37I7_EHC0U-00148-00026416-00026639 efforts that are underway that you plan
x37I7_EHC0U-00149-00026639-00026831 to participate in or you are you
x37I7_EHC0U-00150-00026832-00027095 thinking of charting a net new path
x37I7_EHC0U-00151-00027095-00027343 what does that look like uh yeah the the
x37I7_EHC0U-00152-00027344-00027518 sig store project we kicked off back in
x37I7_EHC0U-00153-00027519-00027718 march if uh you've covered that or
x37I7_EHC0U-00154-00027719-00027879 familiar with that at all we kicked that
x37I7_EHC0U-00155-00027880-00028062 off back in march of 2021 kind of
x37I7_EHC0U-00156-00028063-00028231 officially we'd work on code for a while
x37I7_EHC0U-00157-00028232-00028455 before then the idea there is to kind of
x37I7_EHC0U-00158-00028456-00028639 do what let's encrypt did uh for
x37I7_EHC0U-00159-00028639-00028799 browsers and web
x37I7_EHC0U-00160-00028800-00029046 security but for code signing and open
x37I7_EHC0U-00161-00029047-00029207 source security
x37I7_EHC0U-00162-00029208-00029367 so you've always been able to get code
x37I7_EHC0U-00163-00029368-00029511 signing certificates but nobody's really
x37I7_EHC0U-00164-00029512-00029631 using them because they were expensive
x37I7_EHC0U-00165-00029632-00029799 they were complicated just like let's
x37I7_EHC0U-00166-00029800-00029967 encrypt it for cas they made a free one
x37I7_EHC0U-00167-00029968-00030111 that was automated and easy to use for
x37I7_EHC0U-00168-00030112-00030246 developers and now people do without
x37I7_EHC0U-00169-00030247-00030414 thinking about it in six store we tried
x37I7_EHC0U-00170-00030416-00030639 to do the same thing for open source and
x37I7_EHC0U-00171-00030639-00030862 just because of the headlines that were
x37I7_EHC0U-00172-00030863-00030990 happening and all of the attacks the
x37I7_EHC0U-00173-00030991-00031190 momentum has just been incredible is it
x37I7_EHC0U-00174-00031191-00031351 a problem that's people just have to
x37I7_EHC0U-00175-00031352-00031558 just get on board with a certain
x37I7_EHC0U-00176-00031560-00031799 platformer tool or people have too many
x37I7_EHC0U-00177-00031800-00032039 tools they abandon them they're they're
x37I7_EHC0U-00178-00032039-00032279 focused shifts is there why what's the
x37I7_EHC0U-00179-00032280-00032495 what's the main problem right now well i
x37I7_EHC0U-00180-00032495-00032639 think you know part of the problem is
x37I7_EHC0U-00181-00032639-00032799 just having the tools easy enough for
x37I7_EHC0U-00182-00032800-00032959 developers are going to want to use them
x37I7_EHC0U-00183-00032960-00033127 and it's not going to get in our way you
x37I7_EHC0U-00184-00033128-00033302 know i think that's going to be the core
x37I7_EHC0U-00185-00033303-00033502 piece of our company is really nailing
x37I7_EHC0U-00186-00033503-00033687 down the developer experience and these
x37I7_EHC0U-00187-00033688-00033895 toolings and like the cosign part of
x37I7_EHC0U-00188-00033896-00034062 sigstor that he was explaining like it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00189-00034063-00034302 literally one command line to sign
x37I7_EHC0U-00190-00034303-00034574 um a package sign a container and then
x37I7_EHC0U-00191-00034575-00034774 one line to verify it on the other side
x37I7_EHC0U-00192-00034775-00034935 and then these organizations can put
x37I7_EHC0U-00193-00034936-00035102 together sort of policies around who
x37I7_EHC0U-00194-00035103-00035295 they trust in their system like today
x37I7_EHC0U-00195-00035296-00035471 it's completely black box they have no
x37I7_EHC0U-00196-00035472-00035671 idea what they're running and
x37I7_EHC0U-00197-00035672-00035839 it takes a re yet they have to rethink
x37I7_EHC0U-00198-00035840-00036039 and redo everything pretty much if they
x37I7_EHC0U-00199-00036040-00036190 want to do it right yeah if they're just
x37I7_EHC0U-00200-00036191-00036430 kind of fixing the old you're sold next
x37I7_EHC0U-00201-00036431-00036646 solar with basically yeah and that's why
x37I7_EHC0U-00202-00036647-00036790 we're here at cloud native con when
x37I7_EHC0U-00203-00036791-00036927 people are you know the timing is
x37I7_EHC0U-00204-00036928-00037046 perfect because people are already
x37I7_EHC0U-00205-00037047-00037199 rethinking how their software gets built
x37I7_EHC0U-00206-00037200-00037351 as they move it into containers and as
x37I7_EHC0U-00207-00037352-00037535 they move it into kubernetes so it's a
x37I7_EHC0U-00208-00037536-00037743 perfect opportunity to not just shift to
x37I7_EHC0U-00209-00037744-00037895 kubernetes but to fix the way you build
x37I7_EHC0U-00210-00037896-00038039 software from the start would you say is
x37I7_EHC0U-00211-00038040-00038271 the the most prevalent change mindset
x37I7_EHC0U-00212-00038272-00038462 change of developers now if you had to
x37I7_EHC0U-00213-00038463-00038639 kind of kind of look at and say okay
x37I7_EHC0U-00214-00038640-00038830 current state-of-the-art mindset of a
x37I7_EHC0U-00215-00038831-00039046 developer versus say a few years ago is
x37I7_EHC0U-00216-00039047-00039151 it just that they're doing things
x37I7_EHC0U-00217-00039152-00039439 modularly with more people or is it more
x37I7_EHC0U-00218-00039440-00039671 new approaches is there is there a
x37I7_EHC0U-00219-00039672-00039846 pattern i think it's just paying
x37I7_EHC0U-00220-00039847-00039990 attention to your building release
x37I7_EHC0U-00221-00039991-00040199 process and taking it seriously this has
x37I7_EHC0U-00222-00040200-00040351 been a theme for since i've been in
x37I7_EHC0U-00223-00040352-00040574 software but you have these very fancy
x37I7_EHC0U-00224-00040575-00040727 production data centers with physical
x37I7_EHC0U-00225-00040728-00040990 security and all these levels of uh
x37I7_EHC0U-00226-00040991-00041135 custom prevention and making sure you
x37I7_EHC0U-00227-00041136-00041302 can't get in there but then you've got a
x37I7_EHC0U-00228-00041303-00041462 jenkins machine that's three years old
x37I7_EHC0U-00229-00041463-00041607 under somebody's desk building the code
x37I7_EHC0U-00230-00041608-00041735 that goes into there and it gets
x37I7_EHC0U-00231-00041736-00041967 socially engineered exactly yeah it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00232-00041968-00042207 like the it's like the movies where they
x37I7_EHC0U-00233-00042208-00042358 uh instead of breaking into jail they
x37I7_EHC0U-00234-00042359-00042511 hide in the food delivery truck it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00235-00042512-00042646 it's that that's the metaphor that i
x37I7_EHC0U-00236-00042647-00042807 like perfectly exactly the fence doesn't
x37I7_EHC0U-00237-00042808-00043007 work if you're like a truck yeah if you
x37I7_EHC0U-00238-00043008-00043143 open the door once a week it doesn't
x37I7_EHC0U-00239-00043144-00043311 matter how big defense is yeah yeah so
x37I7_EHC0U-00240-00043312-00043487 that's a good sale that's funny and i
x37I7_EHC0U-00241-00043488-00043662 think too like when i i used to be an
x37I7_EHC0U-00242-00043663-00043830 engineer before i joined google just
x37I7_EHC0U-00243-00043831-00044007 like how easy it is to bring in a
x37I7_EHC0U-00244-00044008-00044158 third-party package or something you
x37I7_EHC0U-00245-00044159-00044327 know you need like an image editing
x37I7_EHC0U-00246-00044328-00044495 software like just go find one off the
x37I7_EHC0U-00247-00044496-00044623 internet and i think
x37I7_EHC0U-00248-00044624-00044807 you know developers are slowly doing a
x37I7_EHC0U-00249-00044808-00044999 mind shift there like hey if i introduce
x37I7_EHC0U-00250-00045000-00045158 a new dependency you know there's going
x37I7_EHC0U-00251-00045159-00045246 to be
x37I7_EHC0U-00252-00045247-00045399 i'm going to have to maintain this thing
x37I7_EHC0U-00253-00045400-00045518 and understand it's a little bit of a
x37I7_EHC0U-00254-00045519-00045702 decentralized view too also you've got a
x37I7_EHC0U-00255-00045703-00045887 little bit of that hey if you sign it
x37I7_EHC0U-00256-00045888-00046102 you own it if it tracks back to you okay
x37I7_EHC0U-00257-00046103-00046295 you are your fingerprints are if you
x37I7_EHC0U-00258-00046296-00046462 will or on the chain of custody in
x37I7_EHC0U-00259-00046463-00046686 custody exactly i was going to say when
x37I7_EHC0U-00260-00046687-00046839 i saw a chain guard at first of course i
x37I7_EHC0U-00261-00046840-00047055 thought about my pant leg riding a bike
x37I7_EHC0U-00262-00047056-00047223 but then of course the supply chain
x37I7_EHC0U-00263-00047224-00047479 things coming in like a conveyor belt
x37I7_EHC0U-00264-00047480-00047695 conveyor belt but that whole question of
x37I7_EHC0U-00265-00047696-00047886 chain of custody isn't it isn't as
x37I7_EHC0U-00266-00047887-00048215 simple as a process where someone
x37I7_EHC0U-00267-00048216-00048367 grabs some code
x37I7_EHC0U-00268-00048368-00048567 embeds it in what's going on pushes it
x37I7_EHC0U-00269-00048568-00048799 out somewhere else that's not the final
x37I7_EHC0U-00270-00048800-00049023 step typically yeah so
x37I7_EHC0U-00271-00049024-00049183 somebody else grabs that one and does it
x37I7_EHC0U-00272-00049184-00049415 again 35 minutes so who's responsible
x37I7_EHC0U-00273-00049416-00049623 how do you verify that that's yeah it
x37I7_EHC0U-00274-00049624-00049799 seems like an obvious
x37I7_EHC0U-00275-00049800-00050055 issue that needs to be addressed
x37I7_EHC0U-00276-00050056-00050223 and yet apparently from what you're
x37I7_EHC0U-00277-00050224-00050374 telling us for quite a while people
x37I7_EHC0U-00278-00050375-00050639 thought you were a little bit nutty and
x37I7_EHC0U-00279-00050640-00050830 it's not just me i mean uh so ken
x37I7_EHC0U-00280-00050831-00051046 thompson um of you know bell labs and
x37I7_EHC0U-00281-00051047-00051263 united states he wrote the book he wrote
x37I7_EHC0U-00282-00051264-00051470 yeah it was the c book that i grew up on
x37I7_EHC0U-00283-00051471-00051663 in the 80s he gave a famous lecture
x37I7_EHC0U-00284-00051664-00051894 called uh reflections on trusting trust
x37I7_EHC0U-00285-00051895-00052030 where he pranked all of his colleagues
x37I7_EHC0U-00286-00052032-00052223 at bell labs by putting a back door in a
x37I7_EHC0U-00287-00052224-00052430 compiler and that put backdoors into
x37I7_EHC0U-00288-00052432-00052638 every program it compiled and he was so
x37I7_EHC0U-00289-00052639-00052791 clever he even put it
x37I7_EHC0U-00290-00052791-00052975 he made that compiler put a backdoor
x37I7_EHC0U-00291-00052976-00053166 into the disassembler to hide the back
x37I7_EHC0U-00292-00053167-00053399 door
x37I7_EHC0U-00293-00053400-00053535 so he spent weeks and you know people
x37I7_EHC0U-00294-00053536-00053671 just kind of gave up and i think at that
x37I7_EHC0U-00295-00053672-00053807 point they were just like wow we can't
x37I7_EHC0U-00296-00053808-00053950 trust any software ever and just forgot
x37I7_EHC0U-00297-00053951-00054063 about it and kept going on and living
x37I7_EHC0U-00298-00054064-00054230 their lives so this is a 40 year old
x37I7_EHC0U-00299-00054232-00054430 problem and we only care about it now
x37I7_EHC0U-00300-00054432-00054575 that's totally true a lot of these old
x37I7_EHC0U-00301-00054576-00054854 sacred cows saw so life cycles
x37I7_EHC0U-00302-00054855-00055007 not really that relevant anymore because
x37I7_EHC0U-00303-00055008-00055254 the workflows are changing these new
x37I7_EHC0U-00304-00055255-00055454 changes it's complete devops has taken
x37I7_EHC0U-00305-00055455-00055615 over let's just admit it right so devops
x37I7_EHC0U-00306-00055616-00055823 has taken over now cloud native apps are
x37I7_EHC0U-00307-00055824-00055982 hitting the scene this is where i think
x37I7_EHC0U-00308-00055983-00056142 there's a structural
x37I7_EHC0U-00309-00056144-00056366 industry change not just the community
x37I7_EHC0U-00310-00056367-00056550 so with that in mind
x37I7_EHC0U-00311-00056551-00056742 how do you guys vector into that in
x37I7_EHC0U-00312-00056744-00056926 terms of market entry what's your
x37I7_EHC0U-00313-00056927-00057182 thinking around product obviously uh you
x37I7_EHC0U-00314-00057183-00057430 got a higher
x37I7_EHC0U-00315-00057432-00057542 capital
x37I7_EHC0U-00316-00057544-00057703 in process a little bit of a capital
x37I7_EHC0U-00317-00057704-00057854 raise it's probably no problem hot
x37I7_EHC0U-00318-00057855-00058015 market but product-wise you're going to
x37I7_EHC0U-00319-00058016-00058215 come in and get a beach head
x37I7_EHC0U-00320-00058216-00058407 yeah i mean we're we're we're casting a
x37I7_EHC0U-00321-00058408-00058582 wide net right now talking as many
x37I7_EHC0U-00322-00058583-00058759 customers like we've met a lot of these
x37I7_EHC0U-00323-00058760-00058926 these customer potential customers
x37I7_EHC0U-00324-00058927-00059054 through the communities you know that
x37I7_EHC0U-00325-00059055-00059294 we've been building and we did a supply
x37I7_EHC0U-00326-00059295-00059454 chain security con helped with that
x37I7_EHC0U-00327-00059455-00059671 event this this monday negative one
x37I7_EHC0U-00328-00059672-00059871 event solarwinds and citibank were there
x37I7_EHC0U-00329-00059872-00060135 and talking about their solutions um and
x37I7_EHC0U-00330-00060136-00060294 so i think you know then we'll narrow it
x37I7_EHC0U-00331-00060295-00060550 down to like people that would make good
x37I7_EHC0U-00332-00060551-00060711 it's just great partners to work with
x37I7_EHC0U-00333-00060712-00060830 and figure out how they think they're
x37I7_EHC0U-00334-00060832-00061063 solving the problem today and really sit
x37I7_EHC0U-00335-00061064-00061206 close how do you guys feel good you feel
x37I7_EHC0U-00336-00061207-00061391 good we're excited we got jerry chen
x37I7_EHC0U-00337-00061391-00061591 coming on from greylock next so if you
x37I7_EHC0U-00338-00061591-00062054 hang around
x37I7_EHC0U-00339-00062055-00062182 get in there probably didn't reply to
x37I7_EHC0U-00340-00062183-00062391 him on linkedin
x37I7_EHC0U-00341-00062391-00062542 he's coming out with chronosphere he
x37I7_EHC0U-00342-00062544-00062719 just invested 200 million at crossfield
x37I7_EHC0U-00343-00062720-00062830 also
x37I7_EHC0U-00344-00062832-00062942 you guys should have a great time
x37I7_EHC0U-00345-00062944-00063238 congratulations on the leap i know it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00346-00063239-00063375 comfortable to be google a lot of things
x37I7_EHC0U-00347-00063376-00063535 to work on
x37I7_EHC0U-00348-00063536-00063742 and doing startups are super fun too but
x37I7_EHC0U-00349-00063744-00063926 not easy not for the fanart you know you
x37I7_EHC0U-00350-00063927-00064094 guys done it before so great
x37I7_EHC0U-00351-00064095-00064223 rollercoaster cool what do you think
x37I7_EHC0U-00352-00064224-00064406 about today the event here a little bit
x37I7_EHC0U-00353-00064407-00064542 smaller
x37I7_EHC0U-00354-00064544-00064711 vip event what's your take on play on
x37I7_EHC0U-00355-00064712-00064871 this i mean i think it's good to be back
x37I7_EHC0U-00356-00064872-00065038 in person obviously we're meeting we've
x37I7_EHC0U-00357-00065039-00065254 been associating with folks over
x37I7_EHC0U-00358-00065255-00065471 zoom and google meets for a while now
x37I7_EHC0U-00359-00065472-00065631 and meeting them in person is like oh
x37I7_EHC0U-00360-00065632-00065719 hey
x37I7_EHC0U-00361-00065720-00065863 you know hard to recognize behind the
x37I7_EHC0U-00362-00065864-00066038 mask but yeah we're just glad to sort of
x37I7_EHC0U-00363-00066039-00066167 be back out and a little bit of
x37I7_EHC0U-00364-00066168-00066335 normal-ish i guess dan how's everything
x37I7_EHC0U-00365-00066336-00066431 in austin
x37I7_EHC0U-00366-00066432-00066575 everyone's safe and good over there it's
x37I7_EHC0U-00367-00066576-00066703 been pretty good yeah it's been a long
x37I7_EHC0U-00368-00066704-00066950 long pandemic lots of ups and downs but
x37I7_EHC0U-00369-00066951-00067023 yeah
x37I7_EHC0U-00370-00067024-00067255 dan's hair has an identity yeah the
x37I7_EHC0U-00371-00067256-00067399 music scene back once the music comes
x37I7_EHC0U-00372-00067400-00067511 back and off and everything's all back
x37I7_EHC0U-00373-00067512-00067694 to normal yeah my hair doesn't normally
x37I7_EHC0U-00374-00067695-00067823 look like this i just haven't gotten a
x37I7_EHC0U-00375-00067824-00067943 haircut since it's awesome that's good
x37I7_EHC0U-00376-00067944-00068047 you're gonna you're gonna do well in
x37I7_EHC0U-00377-00068048-00068175 this part you're getting you got a term
x37I7_EHC0U-00378-00068176-00068343 sheet like that keep the hair until you
x37I7_EHC0U-00379-00068344-00068463 get the money i think i saw your
x37I7_EHC0U-00380-00068464-00068599 linkedin profile and i was wondering
x37I7_EHC0U-00381-00068600-00068743 it's like which version are we yeah
x37I7_EHC0U-00382-00068744-00068879 we'll see
x37I7_EHC0U-00383-00068880-00069047 well super relevant super great topic
x37I7_EHC0U-00384-00069048-00069167 congratulations thanks for coming on
x37I7_EHC0U-00385-00069168-00069326 sharing the story here on thecube yeah
x37I7_EHC0U-00386-00069327-00069438 thanks for having us thanks for having
x37I7_EHC0U-00387-00069439-00069615 us a lot thank you great job for dave
x37I7_EHC0U-00388-00069616-00069775 nicholson here on thecube day one of
x37I7_EHC0U-00389-00069776-00069950 three days we're back in person of
x37I7_EHC0U-00390-00069951-00070135 course hybrid event go to thecube.net
x37I7_EHC0U-00391-00070136-00070350 for all more footage and highlights and
x37I7_EHC0U-00392-00070351-00070575 remote interviews so stay tuned more
x37I7_EHC0U-00393-00070576-00071847 coverage after this short break
x37I7_EHC0U-00394-00071848-00072056 you
x3hqQuhngDg-00000-00000026-00000434 John Fisher see the 19th of October 14
x3hqQuhngDg-00001-00000434-00000850 69 to the 22nd of June 1535 venerated by
x3hqQuhngDg-00002-00000851-00001094 Roman Catholics as st. John Fisher was
x3hqQuhngDg-00003-00001095-00001303 in English Catholic bishop Cardinal and
x3hqQuhngDg-00004-00001304-00001562 theologian Fisher was also an academic
x3hqQuhngDg-00005-00001563-00001789 and eventually served as Chancellor of
x3hqQuhngDg-00006-00001791-00002092 the University of Cambridge Fisher was
x3hqQuhngDg-00007-00002093-00002282 executed by order of Henry the 8th
x3hqQuhngDg-00008-00002283-00002441 during the English Reformation for
x3hqQuhngDg-00009-00002442-00002608 refusing to accept the king as supreme
x3hqQuhngDg-00010-00002609-00002818 head of the Church of England and for
x3hqQuhngDg-00011-00002819-00003005 upholding the Roman Catholic Church's
x3hqQuhngDg-00012-00003006-00003295 doctrine of papal supremacy he was named
x3hqQuhngDg-00013-00003296-00003527 a cardinal shortly before his death he
x3hqQuhngDg-00014-00003528-00003697 is honored as a martyr and Saint by the
x3hqQuhngDg-00015-00003698-00003803 Catholic Church
x3hqQuhngDg-00016-00003804-00004028 he shares his feast day with Saint
x3hqQuhngDg-00017-00004029-00004256 Thomas More on the 22nd of June in the
x3hqQuhngDg-00018-00004257-00004463 Roman Catholic calendar of saints and on
x3hqQuhngDg-00019-00004464-00004643 the 6th of July in that of the Church of
x3hqQuhngDg-00020-00004644-00004999 England
x3hqQuhngDg-00021-00005000-00005522 topic early life
x3hqQuhngDg-00022-00005523-00005867 topic John Fisher was born in Beverly
x3hqQuhngDg-00023-00005868-00006209 Yorkshire in 1469 the eldest son of
x3hqQuhngDg-00024-00006210-00006418 Robert Fisher a modestly prosperous
x3hqQuhngDg-00025-00006419-00006645 merchant of Beverly and Agnes his wife
x3hqQuhngDg-00026-00006647-00006953 he was one of four children his father
x3hqQuhngDg-00027-00006954-00007171 died when John was 8 his mother
x3hqQuhngDg-00028-00007172-00007394 remarried and had five more children by
x3hqQuhngDg-00029-00007395-00007681 her second husband William white Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00030-00007683-00007859 seems to have had close contacts with
x3hqQuhngDg-00031-00007859-00008069 his extended family all his life
x3hqQuhngDg-00032-00008070-00008426 Fisher s early education was probably
x3hqQuhngDg-00033-00008427-00008624 received in the school attached to the
x3hqQuhngDg-00034-00008625-00008918 collegiate church in his hometown he
x3hqQuhngDg-00035-00008919-00009170 attended Beverly Grammar School an old
x3hqQuhngDg-00036-00009171-00009380 foundation claiming to date from the
x3hqQuhngDg-00037-00009381-00009737 year 700 in the present day one of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00038-00009738-00009988 houses at the school is named in Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00039-00009989-00010235 s honour Fisher studied at the
x3hqQuhngDg-00040-00010236-00010529 University of Cambridge from 1484 where
x3hqQuhngDg-00041-00010530-00010673 at Michael house he came under the
x3hqQuhngDg-00042-00010674-00010885 influence of William Melton a pastoral
x3hqQuhngDg-00043-00010886-00011063 minded theologian open to the new
x3hqQuhngDg-00044-00011064-00011273 current of reform and studies arising
x3hqQuhngDg-00045-00011274-00011498 from the Renaissance Fisher earned a
x3hqQuhngDg-00046-00011499-00011792 Bachelor of Arts degree in 1487 and in
x3hqQuhngDg-00047-00011793-00012046 1491 proceeded to a Master of Arts
x3hqQuhngDg-00048-00012047-00012434 degree also in 1491 Fisher received a
x3hqQuhngDg-00049-00012435-00012596 papal dispensation to enter the
x3hqQuhngDg-00050-00012597-00012799 priesthood despite being under canonical
x3hqQuhngDg-00051-00012800-00013040 age Fisher was ordained into the
x3hqQuhngDg-00052-00013041-00013235 Catholic priesthood on the 17th of
x3hqQuhngDg-00053-00013236-00013505 December 1491 the same year that he was
x3hqQuhngDg-00054-00013506-00013766 elected a fellow of his College he was
x3hqQuhngDg-00055-00013766-00013934 also made Vicar of North Allerton
x3hqQuhngDg-00056-00013935-00014237 Yorkshire in 1494 he resigned his
x3hqQuhngDg-00057-00014238-00014408 benefits to become Proctor of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00058-00014409-00014605 University and three years later was
x3hqQuhngDg-00059-00014606-00014794 appointed master debater about which
x3hqQuhngDg-00060-00014795-00014984 date he also became chaplain and
x3hqQuhngDg-00061-00014985-00015212 confessor to Margaret before Countess of
x3hqQuhngDg-00062-00015213-00015425 Richmond and Derby mother of King Henry
x3hqQuhngDg-00063-00015426-00015763 the seven on the fifth of July 1501 he
x3hqQuhngDg-00064-00015765-00015983 became a doctor of sacred theology and
x3hqQuhngDg-00065-00015984-00016157 ten days later was elected vice
x3hqQuhngDg-00066-00016158-00016385 chancellor of the university under
x3hqQuhngDg-00067-00016386-00016676 Fisher s guidance his patroness Lady
x3hqQuhngDg-00068-00016677-00017087 Margaret founded st. John s and Christ s
x3hqQuhngDg-00069-00017088-00017318 colleges at Cambridge and a lady
x3hqQuhngDg-00070-00017319-00017552 margaret professorship of divinity at
x3hqQuhngDg-00071-00017553-00017783 each of the two universities at Oxford
x3hqQuhngDg-00072-00017784-00018002 and Cambridge Fisher himself becoming
x3hqQuhngDg-00073-00018003-00018185 the first occupant of the Cambridge
x3hqQuhngDg-00074-00018186-00018683 chair from 1505 to 1508 he was also the
x3hqQuhngDg-00075-00018684-00018858 president of Queens
x3hqQuhngDg-00076-00018859-00019230 College at the end of July 1516 he was
x3hqQuhngDg-00077-00019231-00019395 at Cambridge for the opening of st.
x3hqQuhngDg-00078-00019396-00019578 John's College and consecrated the
x3hqQuhngDg-00079-00019579-00019930 chapel Fischer s strategy was to
x3hqQuhngDg-00080-00019931-00020158 assemble funds and attract to Cambridge
x3hqQuhngDg-00081-00020159-00020386 leading scholars from Europe promoting
x3hqQuhngDg-00082-00020387-00020617 the study not only of classical Latin
x3hqQuhngDg-00083-00020618-00020911 and Greek authors but of Hebrew he
x3hqQuhngDg-00084-00020912-00021111 placed great weight upon pastoral
x3hqQuhngDg-00085-00021112-00021339 commitment above all popular preaching
x3hqQuhngDg-00086-00021340-00021664 by the endowed staff Fischer s
x3hqQuhngDg-00087-00021665-00021877 foundations were also dedicated to
x3hqQuhngDg-00088-00021878-00021978 prayer for the dead
x3hqQuhngDg-00089-00021979-00022190 especially through Chantry foundations
x3hqQuhngDg-00090-00022191-00022402 Fischer had a vision to which he
x3hqQuhngDg-00091-00022403-00022633 dedicated all his personal resources and
x3hqQuhngDg-00092-00022634-00022924 energies a scholar and a priest humble
x3hqQuhngDg-00093-00022925-00023122 and conscientious he managed despite
x3hqQuhngDg-00094-00023123-00023319 occasional opposition to administer a
x3hqQuhngDg-00095-00023320-00023511 whole university one of only two in
x3hqQuhngDg-00096-00023512-00023778 England he conceived and saw through
x3hqQuhngDg-00097-00023779-00024108 long-term projects a Stern and austere
x3hqQuhngDg-00098-00024109-00024303 man Fischer was known to place a human
x3hqQuhngDg-00099-00024304-00024483 skull on the altar during mass and on
x3hqQuhngDg-00100-00024484-00024772 the table during meals Erasmus said of
x3hqQuhngDg-00101-00024773-00025017 John Fisher he is the one man at this
x3hqQuhngDg-00102-00025018-00025233 time who is incomparable for uprightness
x3hqQuhngDg-00103-00025234-00025434 of life for learning and for greatness
x3hqQuhngDg-00104-00025435-00025889 of soul
x3hqQuhngDg-00105-00025891-00026383 topic Bishop
x3hqQuhngDg-00106-00026383-00026776 topic by papal bull dated the 14th of
x3hqQuhngDg-00107-00026777-00027045 October 1504 Fischer was appointed the
x3hqQuhngDg-00108-00027047-00027220 Bishop of Rochester at the personal
x3hqQuhngDg-00109-00027220-00027411 insistence of Henry the seventh
x3hqQuhngDg-00110-00027412-00027655 Rochester was then the poorest diocese
x3hqQuhngDg-00111-00027656-00027858 in England and usually seen as a first
x3hqQuhngDg-00112-00027860-00028051 step on an ecclesiastical career
x3hqQuhngDg-00113-00028052-00028282 nonetheless Fisher stayed there
x3hqQuhngDg-00114-00028283-00028480 presumably by his own choice for the
x3hqQuhngDg-00115-00028481-00028768 remaining 31 years of his life at the
x3hqQuhngDg-00116-00028769-00028983 same time like any English bishop of his
x3hqQuhngDg-00117-00028985-00029247 day Fisher had certain state duties in
x3hqQuhngDg-00118-00029248-00029487 particular he maintained a passionate
x3hqQuhngDg-00119-00029488-00029652 interest in the University of Cambridge
x3hqQuhngDg-00120-00029654-00030058 in 1504 he was elected the University as
x3hqQuhngDg-00121-00030058-00030355 Chancellor re-elected annually for 10
x3hqQuhngDg-00122-00030356-00030412 years
x3hqQuhngDg-00123-00030413-00030631 Fisher ultimately received a lifetime
x3hqQuhngDg-00124-00030632-00030955 appointment at this date he is also said
x3hqQuhngDg-00125-00030956-00031158 to have acted as tutor to Prince Henry
x3hqQuhngDg-00126-00031160-00031486 afterwards King Henry the eighth as a
x3hqQuhngDg-00127-00031487-00031740 preacher his reputation was so great
x3hqQuhngDg-00128-00031741-00031942 that Fisher was appointed to preach the
x3hqQuhngDg-00129-00031943-00032139 funeral oration for King Henry the
x3hqQuhngDg-00130-00032141-00032364 seventh and the Lady Margaret both of
x3hqQuhngDg-00131-00032366-00032727 whom died in 1509 the texts being extant
x3hqQuhngDg-00132-00032727-00033079 besides his share in the Lady Margaret s
x3hqQuhngDg-00133-00033080-00033319 foundations Fisher gave further proof of
x3hqQuhngDg-00134-00033320-00033481 his zeal for learning by inducing
x3hqQuhngDg-00135-00033482-00033742 Erasmus to visit Cambridge the latter
x3hqQuhngDg-00136-00033743-00034132 attributes it a pistol i62 to to Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00137-00034133-00034396 s protection that the study of Greek was
x3hqQuhngDg-00138-00034397-00034590 allowed to proceed at Cambridge without
x3hqQuhngDg-00139-00034591-00034768 the active molestation that it
x3hqQuhngDg-00140-00034769-00035002 encountered at Oxford despite his fame
x3hqQuhngDg-00141-00035003-00035188 and eloquence it was not long before
x3hqQuhngDg-00142-00035189-00035431 Fisher came into conflict with the new
x3hqQuhngDg-00143-00035432-00035770 king his former pupil the dispute arose
x3hqQuhngDg-00144-00035771-00036037 over funds left by the Lady Margaret the
x3hqQuhngDg-00145-00036038-00036343 King s grandmother for financing
x3hqQuhngDg-00146-00036344-00036733 foundations at Cambridge in 1512 Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00147-00036734-00036904 was nominated as one of the English
x3hqQuhngDg-00148-00036905-00037102 representatives at the fifth Council of
x3hqQuhngDg-00149-00037103-00037290 the Lateran then sitting but his journey
x3hqQuhngDg-00150-00037291-00037495 to Rome was postponed and finally
x3hqQuhngDg-00151-00037496-00037690 abandoned Fisher has also been named
x3hqQuhngDg-00152-00037691-00037867 though without any real proof as the
x3hqQuhngDg-00153-00037868-00038020 true author of the Royal treatise
x3hqQuhngDg-00154-00038021-00038260 against Martin Luther entitled a sir she
x3hqQuhngDg-00155-00038261-00038542 owes septum sacrament Oram defense of
x3hqQuhngDg-00156-00038543-00038821 the seven sacraments published in 1521
x3hqQuhngDg-00157-00038822-00039007 which one for King Henry the eighth the
x3hqQuhngDg-00158-00039008-00039319 title fidei Defensor defender of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00159-00039320-00039523 faith prior to this date Fisher had
x3hqQuhngDg-00160-00039524-00039769 denounced various abuses in the Church
x3hqQuhngDg-00161-00039770-00039963 the need for disciplinary reforms on
x3hqQuhngDg-00162-00039964-00040348 about the 11th of February 15 26 at the
x3hqQuhngDg-00163-00040349-00040612 king s command he preached a famous
x3hqQuhngDg-00164-00040613-00040933 sermon against Luther at st. Paul s
x3hqQuhngDg-00165-00040934-00041179 cross the open air pulpit outside st.
x3hqQuhngDg-00166-00041180-00041482 Paul s Cathedral in London this was in
x3hqQuhngDg-00167-00041483-00041683 the wake of numerous other controversial
x3hqQuhngDg-00168-00041684-00041926 writings the battle against heterodox
x3hqQuhngDg-00169-00041927-00042201 teachings increasingly occupied Fischer
x3hqQuhngDg-00170-00042202-00042646 s later years in 1529 Fischer ordered
x3hqQuhngDg-00171-00042647-00042844 the arrest of Thomas hittin a follower
x3hqQuhngDg-00172-00042845-00043039 of William Tyndale and subsequently
x3hqQuhngDg-00173-00043040-00043318 interrogated him hidden was tortured and
x3hqQuhngDg-00174-00043319-00043851 executed at the stake for heresy
x3hqQuhngDg-00175-00043852-00044479 topic defense of Catherine of Aragon
x3hqQuhngDg-00176-00044480-00044839 topic when Henry tried to divorce Queen
x3hqQuhngDg-00177-00044840-00045046 Catherine of Aragon Fisher became the
x3hqQuhngDg-00178-00045047-00045352 queen s chief supporter as such he
x3hqQuhngDg-00179-00045353-00045618 appeared on the Queen s behalf in the
x3hqQuhngDg-00180-00045619-00045840 legate's Court where he startled the
x3hqQuhngDg-00181-00045841-00046027 audience by the directness of his
x3hqQuhngDg-00182-00046028-00046224 language and by declaring that like
x3hqQuhngDg-00183-00046225-00046449 Saint John the Baptist he was ready to
x3hqQuhngDg-00184-00046450-00046624 die on behalf of the indissolubility of
x3hqQuhngDg-00185-00046625-00046980 marriage Henry the eighth upon hearing
x3hqQuhngDg-00186-00046981-00047202 this grew so enraged by it that he
x3hqQuhngDg-00187-00047203-00047421 composed a long Latin address to the
x3hqQuhngDg-00188-00047422-00047701 legate's in answer to the Bishop s
x3hqQuhngDg-00189-00047702-00048015 speech Fisher s copy of this still
x3hqQuhngDg-00190-00048016-00048258 exists with his manuscript annotations
x3hqQuhngDg-00191-00048259-00048457 in the margin which show how little he
x3hqQuhngDg-00192-00048458-00048745 feared the royal anger the removal of
x3hqQuhngDg-00193-00048746-00049005 the cause to Rome brought Fisher s
x3hqQuhngDg-00194-00049006-00049218 personal involvement to an end but the
x3hqQuhngDg-00195-00049219-00049393 King never forgave him for what he had
x3hqQuhngDg-00196-00049394-00049814 done
x3hqQuhngDg-00197-00049815-00050340 Henri's attack on the church
x3hqQuhngDg-00198-00050341-00050802 topic in November 15 29 the Long
x3hqQuhngDg-00199-00050803-00051108 Parliament of Henry s rain began
x3hqQuhngDg-00200-00051109-00051377 encroaching on the Catholic Church s
x3hqQuhngDg-00201-00051378-00051636 prerogatives Fisher as a member of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00202-00051637-00051842 upper house the House of Lords at once
x3hqQuhngDg-00203-00051844-00052035 warned Parliament that such acts could
x3hqQuhngDg-00204-00052036-00052212 only end in the utter destruction of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00205-00052213-00052470 Catholic Church in England the Commons
x3hqQuhngDg-00206-00052471-00052641 through their speaker complained to the
x3hqQuhngDg-00207-00052641-00052794 king that Fisher had disparaged
x3hqQuhngDg-00208-00052795-00052974 Parliament presumably with Henry
x3hqQuhngDg-00209-00052975-00053211 prompting them behind the scenes the
x3hqQuhngDg-00210-00053212-00053492 opportunity was not lost Henry summoned
x3hqQuhngDg-00211-00053494-00053649 Fisher before him demanding an
x3hqQuhngDg-00212-00053650-00053733 explanation
x3hqQuhngDg-00213-00053734-00053949 this being given Henry declared himself
x3hqQuhngDg-00214-00053950-00054179 satisfied leaving it to the Commons to
x3hqQuhngDg-00215-00054180-00054339 declare that the explanation was
x3hqQuhngDg-00216-00054340-00054507 inadequate so that he appeared as a
x3hqQuhngDg-00217-00054508-00054684 magnanimous sovereign instead of
x3hqQuhngDg-00218-00054685-00055055 Fisher's enemy a year later in 1530
x3hqQuhngDg-00219-00055057-00055221 the continued encroachments on the
x3hqQuhngDg-00220-00055222-00055413 church moved Fisher as Bishop of
x3hqQuhngDg-00221-00055414-00055623 Rochester along with the bishops of Bath
x3hqQuhngDg-00222-00055624-00055914 and Ely to appeal to the Holy See this
x3hqQuhngDg-00223-00055915-00056100 gave the King his opportunity and an
x3hqQuhngDg-00224-00056101-00056279 edict forbidding such Appeals was
x3hqQuhngDg-00225-00056280-00056480 immediately issued and the three bishops
x3hqQuhngDg-00226-00056482-00056745 were arrested their imprisonment however
x3hqQuhngDg-00227-00056746-00056958 must have lasted only a few months for
x3hqQuhngDg-00228-00056959-00057261 in February 15 31 convocation met and
x3hqQuhngDg-00229-00057262-00057542 Fisher was present this was the occasion
x3hqQuhngDg-00230-00057544-00057747 when the clergy were forced at a cost of
x3hqQuhngDg-00231-00057748-00057945 one hundred thousand pounds to purchase
x3hqQuhngDg-00232-00057946-00058194 the King s pardon for having recognised
x3hqQuhngDg-00233-00058195-00058524 Cardinal Wolsey s authority is leggett
x3hqQuhngDg-00234-00058525-00058689 of the Pope and at the same time to
x3hqQuhngDg-00235-00058690-00058875 acknowledge Henry as supreme head of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00236-00058876-00059061 church in England to which phrase the
x3hqQuhngDg-00237-00059062-00059310 addition of the clause so far as God's
x3hqQuhngDg-00238-00059311-00059579 law permits was made through Fisher's
x3hqQuhngDg-00239-00059580-00059898 efforts a few days later several of
x3hqQuhngDg-00240-00059899-00060066 fishers servants were taken ill after
x3hqQuhngDg-00241-00060066-00060219 eating some porridge served to the
x3hqQuhngDg-00242-00060220-00060507 household and who died a cook Richard
x3hqQuhngDg-00243-00060508-00060750 ruse was executed by boiling alive for
x3hqQuhngDg-00244-00060751-00061219 attempted poisoning
x3hqQuhngDg-00245-00061220-00061396 pick intrigues with the Holy Roman
x3hqQuhngDg-00246-00061397-00061791 Emperor
x3hqQuhngDg-00247-00061791-00062159 topic fisher also engaged in secret
x3hqQuhngDg-00248-00062160-00062432 activities to overthrow henry as early
x3hqQuhngDg-00249-00062433-00062675 as 1531 he began secretly communicating
x3hqQuhngDg-00250-00062676-00063098 with foreign diplomats in september 1533
x3hqQuhngDg-00251-00063099-00063263 communicating secretly through the
x3hqQuhngDg-00252-00063264-00063509 Imperial ambassador Eustace Chapuys he
x3hqQuhngDg-00253-00063510-00063740 encouraged Holy Roman Emperor Charles v
x3hqQuhngDg-00254-00063741-00063962 to invade England and depose Henry in
x3hqQuhngDg-00255-00063963-00064582 combination with a domestic uprising
x3hqQuhngDg-00256-00064583-00065137 the Kings great matter
x3hqQuhngDg-00257-00065138-00065545 topic matters now moved rapidly in May
x3hqQuhngDg-00258-00065546-00065812 1530 - Sir Thomas More resigned the
x3hqQuhngDg-00259-00065813-00066010 chancellorship and in june fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00260-00066011-00066231 preached publicly against the divorce in
x3hqQuhngDg-00261-00066232-00066343 august
x3hqQuhngDg-00262-00066344-00066562 william Wharram Archbishop of Canterbury
x3hqQuhngDg-00263-00066563-00066760 died and Thomas Cranmer was at once
x3hqQuhngDg-00264-00066761-00066949 proposed by Henry to the Pope as his
x3hqQuhngDg-00265-00066950-00067243 successor in January of the next year
x3hqQuhngDg-00266-00067244-00067438 Henry secretly went through a form of
x3hqQuhngDg-00267-00067439-00067612 marriage with Anne Boleyn Cranmer's
x3hqQuhngDg-00268-00067613-00067831 consecration as a bishop took place in
x3hqQuhngDg-00269-00067832-00068137 March 15 33 and a week later Fisher was
x3hqQuhngDg-00270-00068138-00068404 arrested it seems that the purpose of
x3hqQuhngDg-00271-00068405-00068551 this arrest was to prevent him from
x3hqQuhngDg-00272-00068552-00068749 opposing the sentence of divorce which
x3hqQuhngDg-00273-00068750-00068932 Cranmer pronounced in May or the
x3hqQuhngDg-00274-00068933-00069142 coronation of Anne Boleyn which followed
x3hqQuhngDg-00275-00069143-00069352 on the 1st of June for Fisher was set at
x3hqQuhngDg-00276-00069353-00069538 Liberty again within a fortnight of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00277-00069539-00069712 latter event no charge being made
x3hqQuhngDg-00278-00069713-00070018 against him in the autumn of 1533
x3hqQuhngDg-00279-00070019-00070207 various arrests were made in connection
x3hqQuhngDg-00280-00070208-00070393 with the so called revelations of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00281-00070394-00070630 Holy maid of Kent Elizabeth Barton but
x3hqQuhngDg-00282-00070631-00070816 as Fisher was taken seriously ill in
x3hqQuhngDg-00283-00070817-00071017 December proceedings against him were
x3hqQuhngDg-00284-00071018-00071305 postponed for a time however in March
x3hqQuhngDg-00285-00071306-00071539 1530 for a special bill of attainder
x3hqQuhngDg-00286-00071540-00071752 against Fisher and others for complicity
x3hqQuhngDg-00287-00071753-00071935 in the matter of the maid of Kent was
x3hqQuhngDg-00288-00071936-00072205 introduced in Parliament and passed by
x3hqQuhngDg-00289-00072206-00072403 this Fisher was condemned to forfeit all
x3hqQuhngDg-00290-00072404-00072586 his personal estate and to be imprisoned
x3hqQuhngDg-00291-00072587-00072756 during the Kings pleasure
x3hqQuhngDg-00292-00072757-00073000 subsequently a pardon was granted him on
x3hqQuhngDg-00293-00073001-00073354 payment of a fine of 300 pounds the same
x3hqQuhngDg-00294-00073355-00073549 session of Parliament passed the first
x3hqQuhngDg-00295-00073550-00073741 succession act by which all who should
x3hqQuhngDg-00296-00073742-00073921 be called upon to do so were compelled
x3hqQuhngDg-00297-00073922-00074062 to take an oath of succession
x3hqQuhngDg-00298-00074063-00074245 acknowledging the issue of Henry and
x3hqQuhngDg-00299-00074246-00074404 Anne as legitimate heirs to the throne
x3hqQuhngDg-00300-00074405-00074626 under pain of being guilty of misprision
x3hqQuhngDg-00301-00074627-00074908 of treason Fisher refused the oath and
x3hqQuhngDg-00302-00074909-00075094 was imprisoned in the Tower of London on
x3hqQuhngDg-00303-00075095-00075448 the 26th of April 1530 for several
x3hqQuhngDg-00304-00075449-00075592 efforts were made to induce him to
x3hqQuhngDg-00305-00075593-00075766 submit but without effect and in
x3hqQuhngDg-00306-00075767-00075940 November he was attained of misprision
x3hqQuhngDg-00307-00075941-00076162 of treason a second time his goods being
x3hqQuhngDg-00308-00076163-00076354 forfeited as from the previous the first
x3hqQuhngDg-00309-00076355-00076561 of March and the C of Rochester being
x3hqQuhngDg-00310-00076562-00076744 declared vacant as of the second of June
x3hqQuhngDg-00311-00076745-00076999 following he was to remain in the tower
x3hqQuhngDg-00312-00077000-00077197 for over a year and while he was allowed
x3hqQuhngDg-00313-00077198-00077416 food and drink sent by friends and a
x3hqQuhngDg-00314-00077417-00077608 servant he was not allowed a priest even
x3hqQuhngDg-00315-00077609-00077911 to the very end a long letter exists
x3hqQuhngDg-00316-00077912-00078091 written from the tower by Fisher to
x3hqQuhngDg-00317-00078092-00078304 Thomas Cromwell speaking of the severity
x3hqQuhngDg-00318-00078305-00078527 of his conditions of imprisonment
x3hqQuhngDg-00319-00078528-00078779 like Thomas Moore Bishop Fisher believed
x3hqQuhngDg-00320-00078780-00078965 that because the statute condemned only
x3hqQuhngDg-00321-00078966-00079145 those speaking maliciously against the
x3hqQuhngDg-00322-00079146-00079409 King s new title there was safety in
x3hqQuhngDg-00323-00079410-00079739 silence however on the 7th of May he
x3hqQuhngDg-00324-00079740-00079976 fell into a trap laid for him by Richard
x3hqQuhngDg-00325-00079977-00080177 rich who was to perjure himself to
x3hqQuhngDg-00326-00080178-00080537 obtain Thomas Moore s conviction rich
x3hqQuhngDg-00327-00080538-00080738 told Fisher that for his own conscience
x3hqQuhngDg-00328-00080739-00081020 s sake the King wished to know in strict
x3hqQuhngDg-00329-00081021-00081413 secrecy Fisher s real opinion Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00330-00081414-00081599 once again declared that the king was
x3hqQuhngDg-00331-00081600-00081740 not supreme head of the Church of
x3hqQuhngDg-00332-00081741-00082094 England
x3hqQuhngDg-00333-00082095-00082696 topic cardinalate an execution
x3hqQuhngDg-00334-00082697-00083161 topic in May 1535 the newly elected Pope
x3hqQuhngDg-00335-00083162-00083386 Paul the third created Fisher Cardinal
x3hqQuhngDg-00336-00083387-00083611 priest of San Vitale apparently in the
x3hqQuhngDg-00337-00083612-00083827 hope of inducing Henry to ease Fisher s
x3hqQuhngDg-00338-00083828-00084115 treatment the effect was precisely the
x3hqQuhngDg-00339-00084116-00084439 reverse Henry forbade the Cardinal s had
x3hqQuhngDg-00340-00084440-00084619 to be brought into England declaring
x3hqQuhngDg-00341-00084620-00084748 that he would send the head to Rome
x3hqQuhngDg-00342-00084749-00085024 instead in June of special Commission
x3hqQuhngDg-00343-00085025-00085291 for Fisher s trial was issued and on
x3hqQuhngDg-00344-00085292-00085537 Thursday the 17th of June he was
x3hqQuhngDg-00345-00085538-00085747 arraigned in Westminster Hall before a
x3hqQuhngDg-00346-00085748-00085975 court of seventeen including Thomas
x3hqQuhngDg-00347-00085976-00086353 Cromwell and Boleyn s father and ten
x3hqQuhngDg-00348-00086354-00086614 justices the charge was treason in that
x3hqQuhngDg-00349-00086615-00086785 he denied that the King was the supreme
x3hqQuhngDg-00350-00086786-00087031 head of the Church of England since he
x3hqQuhngDg-00351-00087032-00087205 had been deprived of his position of
x3hqQuhngDg-00352-00087206-00087382 Bishop of Rochester by the act of
x3hqQuhngDg-00353-00087383-00087580 attainder he was treated as a commoner
x3hqQuhngDg-00354-00087581-00087892 and tried by jury the only testimony was
x3hqQuhngDg-00355-00087893-00088132 that of Richard rich John Fisher was
x3hqQuhngDg-00356-00088133-00088309 found guilty and condemned to be hanged
x3hqQuhngDg-00357-00088310-00088657 drawn and quartered at Tyburn however a
x3hqQuhngDg-00358-00088658-00088840 public outcry was brewing among the
x3hqQuhngDg-00359-00088841-00089071 London populace who saw a sinister irony
x3hqQuhngDg-00360-00089072-00089260 in the parallels between the conviction
x3hqQuhngDg-00361-00089261-00089422 of Fisher and that of his patron all
x3hqQuhngDg-00362-00089423-00089638 namesake st. John the Baptist who was
x3hqQuhngDg-00363-00089639-00089851 executed by King Herod Antipas for
x3hqQuhngDg-00364-00089852-00090022 challenging the validity of Herod s
x3hqQuhngDg-00365-00090023-00090337 marriage to his brother s divorcee
x3hqQuhngDg-00366-00090338-00090568 Herodias for fear of John Fisher's
x3hqQuhngDg-00367-00090569-00090739 living through his patron will feast day
x3hqQuhngDg-00368-00090740-00091024 that of the Nativity of st. John the
x3hqQuhngDg-00369-00091025-00091240 Baptist on the 24th of June and of
x3hqQuhngDg-00370-00091241-00091441 attracting too much public sympathy
x3hqQuhngDg-00371-00091442-00091633 King Henry commuted the sentence to that
x3hqQuhngDg-00372-00091634-00091798 of beheading to be accomplished before
x3hqQuhngDg-00373-00091799-00092044 the 23rd of June the vigil of the Feast
x3hqQuhngDg-00374-00092045-00092247 of the Nativity of st. John the Baptist
x3hqQuhngDg-00375-00092248-00092527 he was executed on Tower Hill on the
x3hqQuhngDg-00376-00092528-00092947 22nd of June 1535 the execution had the
x3hqQuhngDg-00377-00092948-00093124 opposite effect from that which King
x3hqQuhngDg-00378-00093125-00093340 Henry the eighth intended as it created
x3hqQuhngDg-00379-00093341-00093505 yet another parallel with that of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00380-00093506-00093712 martyrdom of Saint John the Baptist who
x3hqQuhngDg-00381-00093713-00093882 was also beheaded his death also
x3hqQuhngDg-00382-00093883-00094096 happened on the feast day of st. Alban
x3hqQuhngDg-00383-00094097-00094291 the first martyr of Britain Fisher s
x3hqQuhngDg-00384-00094292-00094522 last moments were in keeping with his
x3hqQuhngDg-00385-00094523-00094816 life he met death with a calm dignified
x3hqQuhngDg-00386-00094817-00095044 courage which profoundly impressed those
x3hqQuhngDg-00387-00095045-00095323 present his body was treated with
x3hqQuhngDg-00388-00095324-00095633 particular rancor apparently on Henry
x3hqQuhngDg-00389-00095634-00095888 s orders being stripped and left on the
x3hqQuhngDg-00390-00095889-00096059 scaffold until the evening when it was
x3hqQuhngDg-00391-00096060-00096254 taken on pikes and thrown naked into a
x3hqQuhngDg-00392-00096255-00096428 rough grave in the churchyard of All
x3hqQuhngDg-00393-00096429-00096692 Hallows barking also known as All
x3hqQuhngDg-00394-00096693-00096926 Hallows by the tower there was no
x3hqQuhngDg-00395-00096927-00097201 funeral prayer a fortnight later his
x3hqQuhngDg-00396-00097202-00097421 body was laid beside that of Sir Thomas
x3hqQuhngDg-00397-00097422-00097651 More in the Chapel of st. Peter at
x3hqQuhngDg-00398-00097652-00097885 vinculum within the Tower of London
x3hqQuhngDg-00399-00097886-00098207 Fisher s head was stuck upon a pole on
x3hqQuhngDg-00400-00098208-00098435 London Bridge but its ruddy and lifelike
x3hqQuhngDg-00401-00098436-00098642 appearance excited so much attention
x3hqQuhngDg-00402-00098643-00098816 that after a fortnight it was thrown
x3hqQuhngDg-00403-00098817-00099038 into the Thames its place being taken by
x3hqQuhngDg-00404-00099039-00099224 that of Sir Thomas More whose execution
x3hqQuhngDg-00405-00099225-00099482 also at Tower Hill occurred on the 6th
x3hqQuhngDg-00406-00099483-00099716 of July Fisher was a figure universally
x3hqQuhngDg-00407-00099717-00099851 esteemed throughout Europe and
x3hqQuhngDg-00408-00099852-00100010 notwithstanding the subsequent efforts
x3hqQuhngDg-00409-00100011-00100199 of the English government was to remain
x3hqQuhngDg-00410-00100200-00100523 so in the decree of beatification issued
x3hqQuhngDg-00411-00100524-00100847 on the 29th of December 1886 by Pope Leo
x3hqQuhngDg-00412-00100848-00101120 the 13th when 54 English martyrs were
x3hqQuhngDg-00413-00101121-00101339 beatified the greatest place was given
x3hqQuhngDg-00414-00101340-00101405 to Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00415-00101406-00101681 he was later canonized on the 19th of
x3hqQuhngDg-00416-00101682-00101996 May 1935 by pope pius xi along with
x3hqQuhngDg-00417-00101997-00102209 thomas more after the presentation of a
x3hqQuhngDg-00418-00102210-00102676 petition by English Catholics
x3hqQuhngDg-00419-00102677-00103206 topic canonization
x3hqQuhngDg-00420-00103207-00103551 topic fisher was beatified by Pope Leo
x3hqQuhngDg-00421-00103552-00103839 the 13th with Thomas More and 52 other
x3hqQuhngDg-00422-00103840-00104076 English martyrs on the 29th of december
x3hqQuhngDg-00423-00104077-00104286 eighteen eighty six and canonized with
x3hqQuhngDg-00424-00104287-00104592 Thomas More on the 19th of May 1935 by
x3hqQuhngDg-00425-00104593-00104898 pope pius xi his feast day for
x3hqQuhngDg-00426-00104899-00105094 celebration jointly with Saint Thomas
x3hqQuhngDg-00427-00105095-00105348 More is on the 22nd of June the date of
x3hqQuhngDg-00428-00105349-00105757 Fisher s execution in 1980 despite being
x3hqQuhngDg-00429-00105758-00105931 an opponent of the English Reformation
x3hqQuhngDg-00430-00105932-00106134 Fisher was added to the Church of
x3hqQuhngDg-00431-00106135-00106485 England s calendar of saints and heroes
x3hqQuhngDg-00432-00106486-00106659 of the Christian Church jointly with
x3hqQuhngDg-00433-00106660-00106870 Thomas More to be commemorated every the
x3hqQuhngDg-00434-00106871-00107034 6th of July the date of Moore's
x3hqQuhngDg-00435-00107035-00107383 execution s Thomas More scholar and John
x3hqQuhngDg-00436-00107383-00107668 Fisher Bishop of Rochester Reformation
x3hqQuhngDg-00437-00107669-00108079 martyrs 1535
x3hqQuhngDg-00438-00108080-00108234 you
x3hqQuhngDg-00439-00108235-00108497 topic other churches in the Anglican
x3hqQuhngDg-00440-00108498-00108879 Communion
x3hqQuhngDg-00441-00108880-00109206 topic in addition to his above-mentioned
x3hqQuhngDg-00442-00109207-00109416 listing by the Church of England he has
x3hqQuhngDg-00443-00109417-00109623 also listed along with Thomas More in
x3hqQuhngDg-00444-00109624-00109776 the calendar of saints of some of the
x3hqQuhngDg-00445-00109777-00109917 other churches of the Anglican Communion
x3hqQuhngDg-00446-00109918-00110455 like the Anglican Church of Australia
x3hqQuhngDg-00447-00110456-00110961 topic portraits
x3hqQuhngDg-00448-00110963-00111333 topic several portraits of fisher exist
x3hqQuhngDg-00449-00111334-00111532 the most prominent being by Hans Holbein
x3hqQuhngDg-00450-00111533-00111727 the younger in the Royal Collection and
x3hqQuhngDg-00451-00111728-00112221 a few secondary relics are extant
x3hqQuhngDg-00452-00112222-00112715 topic Relic
x3hqQuhngDg-00453-00112716-00113057 topic fisher's walking staff is in the
x3hqQuhngDg-00454-00113058-00113255 possession of the a stand family of East
x3hqQuhngDg-00455-00113256-00113432 Hendren in Oxfordshire formerly
x3hqQuhngDg-00456-00113433-00113859 Berkshire
x3hqQuhngDg-00457-00113860-00114060 topic cinematic and television
x3hqQuhngDg-00458-00114061-00114456 portrayals
x3hqQuhngDg-00459-00114457-00114780 topic John Fisher was portrayed by
x3hqQuhngDg-00460-00114781-00115002 veteran actor Joseph O'Connor in the
x3hqQuhngDg-00461-00115003-00115302 film and of the thousand days 1969 by
x3hqQuhngDg-00462-00115303-00115521 Bosco Hogan in the miniseries The Tudors
x3hqQuhngDg-00463-00115522-00115782 and by Jeffrey Lewis in the 1971
x3hqQuhngDg-00464-00115783-00115998 miniseries the six wives of Henry the
x3hqQuhngDg-00465-00115999-00116335 eighth
x3hqQuhngDg-00466-00116336-00116844 topic writings
x3hqQuhngDg-00467-00116845-00117251 topic a list of Fisher s writings is
x3hqQuhngDg-00468-00117252-00117587 found in Joseph Gila s bibliographical
x3hqQuhngDg-00469-00117588-00117764 dictionary of the English Catholics
x3hqQuhngDg-00470-00117765-00118202 London SD to 262 to 270
x3hqQuhngDg-00471-00118203-00118499 there are 26 works in all printed and
x3hqQuhngDg-00472-00118500-00118691 manuscript mostly ascetical or
x3hqQuhngDg-00473-00118692-00118889 controversial treatises several of which
x3hqQuhngDg-00474-00118890-00119153 have been reprinted many times the
x3hqQuhngDg-00475-00119154-00119343 original editions are very rare and
x3hqQuhngDg-00476-00119344-00119663 valuable the principal are treatise
x3hqQuhngDg-00477-00119664-00119841 concerning
x3hqQuhngDg-00478-00119842-00120102 the seven penny tensile Psalms London
x3hqQuhngDg-00479-00120103-00120654 15:08 sermon a Gainey Parnassus doctrine
x3hqQuhngDg-00480-00120655-00121065 of Martin Luther London 1521 defence EO
x3hqQuhngDg-00481-00121066-00121476 Henry g8 cologne 1525 de Veritate
x3hqQuhngDg-00482-00121477-00121668 corporis at sanguinis Christian
x3hqQuhngDg-00483-00121669-00121886 eucharistia ad versus Johanna Michael
x3hqQuhngDg-00484-00121888-00122001 amp adium Cologne
x3hqQuhngDg-00485-00122002-00122453 15:27 de casa matrimony
x3hqQuhngDg-00486-00122454-00122793 Henry g8 come Katharina arrogancy alcalá
x3hqQuhngDg-00487-00122794-00123164 de Henares 1530 the ways to perfect
x3hqQuhngDg-00488-00123165-00123557 religion London 1535 a spiritual
x3hqQuhngDg-00489-00123558-00123944 consolation written to hy as sister
x3hqQuhngDg-00490-00123945-00124474 Elizabeth London 1735
x3hqQuhngDg-00491-00124475-00125024 topic patronage
x3hqQuhngDg-00492-00125025-00125381 topic due to his status as the Bishop of
x3hqQuhngDg-00493-00125382-00125588 Rochester Fischer has been adopted as a
x3hqQuhngDg-00494-00125589-00125795 patron of several institutions in other
x3hqQuhngDg-00495-00125796-00126119 cities named Rochester including st.
x3hqQuhngDg-00496-00126120-00126316 John Fisher College and st. John of
x3hqQuhngDg-00497-00126317-00126497 Rochester Catholic Church in the
x3hqQuhngDg-00498-00126498-00126715 Rochester New York area and st. John
x3hqQuhngDg-00499-00126716-00126920 Fisher Catholic Church near Rochester
x3hqQuhngDg-00500-00126921-00127202 Michigan a number of parishes are
x3hqQuhngDg-00501-00127203-00127439 dedicated to st. John Fisher including
x3hqQuhngDg-00502-00127440-00127603 those in Chicago Illinois
x3hqQuhngDg-00503-00127604-00127834 Auburn Hills Michigan Cincinnati Ohio
x3hqQuhngDg-00504-00127835-00128147 Booth win Pennsylvania Galveston Texas
x3hqQuhngDg-00505-00128148-00128458 Rancho Palos Verde California Holland
x3hqQuhngDg-00506-00128459-00128653 Park West Terre gandi Brisbane
x3hqQuhngDg-00507-00128654-00128929 Queensland Australia Portland Oregon and
x3hqQuhngDg-00508-00128930-00129259 Camborne Cambridgeshire st. John Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00509-00129260-00129478 seminary residence is located in the
x3hqQuhngDg-00510-00129479-00129650 Catholic Diocese of Bridgeport
x3hqQuhngDg-00511-00129651-00129971 Connecticut st. John Fisher College at
x3hqQuhngDg-00512-00129972-00130313 the University of Tasmania in Hobart st.
x3hqQuhngDg-00513-00130314-00130520 John Fisher Catholic High Schools in
x3hqQuhngDg-00514-00130521-00130769 Harrogate Wigan newcastle-under-lyme and
x3hqQuhngDg-00515-00130770-00131051 Brackenridge QLD Australia are named
x3hqQuhngDg-00516-00131052-00131314 after him as as pearly John Fisher RFC
x3hqQuhngDg-00517-00131315-00131660 and Fisher Athletic FC of Rohith st.
x3hqQuhngDg-00518-00131661-00131909 John Fisher Catholic voluntary Academy
x3hqQuhngDg-00519-00131910-00132007 in Dewsbury
x3hqQuhngDg-00520-00132008-00132272 Fisher House Cambridge the Cambridge
x3hqQuhngDg-00521-00132273-00132572 University Catholic chaplain see the
x3hqQuhngDg-00522-00132573-00132794 John Fisher school located in Perley
x3hqQuhngDg-00523-00132795-00132886 Surrey
x3hqQuhngDg-00524-00132887-00133196 st. John Fisher Roman Catholic school in
x3hqQuhngDg-00525-00133197-00133508 Peterborough Cambridgeshire st. John
x3hqQuhngDg-00526-00133509-00133664 Fisher Catholic College in
x3hqQuhngDg-00527-00133665-00133988 newcastle-under-lyme Staffordshire st.
x3hqQuhngDg-00528-00133989-00134156 John Fisher Catholic school in
x3hqQuhngDg-00529-00134157-00134468 chatham-kent st. John Fisher House
x3hqQuhngDg-00530-00134469-00134735 reading the headquarters of the FSSP in
x3hqQuhngDg-00531-00134736-00135047 England and Wales formerly there was the
x3hqQuhngDg-00532-00135048-00135272 st. John Fisher Roman Catholic Junior
x3hqQuhngDg-00533-00135273-00135466 High School in the Orchard Park Estate
x3hqQuhngDg-00534-00135467-00136031 home that operated between C 1966 C 1988
x3hqQuhngDg-00535-00136032-00136220 when the school system in the city was
x3hqQuhngDg-00536-00136221-00136538 restructured st. John Fisher Roman
x3hqQuhngDg-00537-00136539-00136745 Catholic Primary School in Sheffield
x3hqQuhngDg-00538-00136746-00137132 which was founded in 1957 formerly there
x3hqQuhngDg-00539-00137133-00137339 was st. John Fisher Roman Catholic
x3hqQuhngDg-00540-00137340-00137600 Secondary School Woodhouse Sheffield now
x3hqQuhngDg-00541-00137601-00137829 a training school for firefighters
x3hqQuhngDg-00542-00137830-00138158 formerly st. John Fisher RC first school
x3hqQuhngDg-00543-00138159-00138323 on the Churchill estate Redditch
x3hqQuhngDg-00544-00138324-00138431 Worcestershire
x3hqQuhngDg-00545-00138432-00138659 this is now a community center for the
x3hqQuhngDg-00546-00138660-00138971 estate st. John's house ample firth
x3hqQuhngDg-00547-00138972-00139304 college is also named after him st. John
x3hqQuhngDg-00548-00139305-00139496 Fisher Catholic Church in Tulsa Oklahoma
x3hqQuhngDg-00549-00139497-00139862 in one near Pittsburgh Pennsylvania st.
x3hqQuhngDg-00550-00139863-00140213 John Fisher parish kid Brook London st.
x3hqQuhngDg-00551-00140214-00140624 John Fisher Church Newtown Ohio st. John
x3hqQuhngDg-00552-00140625-00140933 Fisher RC Primary School Alveston Derby
x3hqQuhngDg-00553-00140934-00141293 UK st. John Fisher Roman Catholic Church
x3hqQuhngDg-00554-00141294-00141662 Sheppard in London UK st. John Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00555-00141663-00142012 Roman Catholic Church Rochester Kent UK
x3hqQuhngDg-00556-00142013-00142283 Fisher downside Amateur Boxing Club
x3hqQuhngDg-00557-00142284-00142685 Bermondsey London UK s is John Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00558-00142686-00142895 and Thomas More Roman Catholic High
x3hqQuhngDg-00559-00142896-00143192 School Cohn lanx st. John Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00560-00143193-00143345 Catholic Church in Marlborough
x3hqQuhngDg-00561-00143346-00143672 Connecticut John Fisher public school
x3hqQuhngDg-00562-00143673-00144011 Toronto Fisher Hall one of the residence
x3hqQuhngDg-00563-00144012-00144188 halls at st. Michael's College at the
x3hqQuhngDg-00564-00144189-00144619 University of Toronto st. John Fisher RC
x3hqQuhngDg-00565-00144620-00145093 primary Hogan green Denton Tameside gt-r
x3hqQuhngDg-00566-00145094-00145550 Manchester st. John Fisher RC school
x3hqQuhngDg-00567-00145551-00145949 Forest Ontario Canada st. John Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00568-00145950-00146323 parish Bramley Brampton Ontario Canada
x3hqQuhngDg-00569-00146324-00146630 st. John Fisher Catholic Primary School
x3hqQuhngDg-00570-00146631-00147071 Laden Essex UK John Fisher RC Primary
x3hqQuhngDg-00571-00147072-00147485 School Witness Cheshire UK John Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00572-00147486-00147758 RC Church scar zoo great Grimsby
x3hqQuhngDg-00573-00147759-00148127 Lincolnshire closed 2017 topic notes
x3hqQuhngDg-00574-00148128-00148340 topic topic reference s topic this
x3hqQuhngDg-00575-00148341-00148529 article incorporates text from a
x3hqQuhngDg-00576-00148530-00148694 publication now in the public domain
x3hqQuhngDg-00577-00148695-00149147 cousin John William 1910 Fisher John a
x3hqQuhngDg-00578-00149148-00149387 short biographical dictionary of English
x3hqQuhngDg-00579-00149388-00149696 literature London JM dent & Sons
x3hqQuhngDg-00580-00149697-00149957 wikisource topic further reading topic
x3hqQuhngDg-00581-00149958-00150167 Edward certs the works and days of John
x3hqQuhngDg-00582-00150168-00150454 Fisher Boston Harvard University Press
x3hqQuhngDg-00583-00150455-00150869 1967 EE Reynolds st. John Fisher wheat
x3hqQuhngDg-00584-00150870-00151286 Hampstead Anthony Clark 1972 humanism
x3hqQuhngDg-00585-00151287-00151526 reform in the Reformation the career of
x3hqQuhngDg-00586-00151527-00151805 Bishop John Fisher edited by B Bradshaw
x3hqQuhngDg-00587-00151806-00152026 ayman Duffy Cambridge University Press
x3hqQuhngDg-00588-00152027-00152432 1989 Richard Rex the theology of John
x3hqQuhngDg-00589-00152433-00152492 Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00590-00152493-00152699 Cambridge University Press the English
x3hqQuhngDg-00591-00152700-00152971 works of John Fisher Bishop of Rochester
x3hqQuhngDg-00592-00152972-00153344 1469 to 1535 sermons and other writings
x3hqQuhngDg-00593-00153345-00153752 15 22 1535 edited by Cecilia a hat
x3hqQuhngDg-00594-00153753-00154121 Oxford University Press 2002 Vincent
x3hqQuhngDg-00595-00154122-00154352 Nichols st. John Fisher bishop and
x3hqQuhngDg-00596-00154353-00154511 theologian in Reformation and
x3hqQuhngDg-00597-00154512-00154769 controversy alive publishing 2011
x3hqQuhngDg-00598-00154770-00155156 Friedrich Wilhelm box 1990 Fisher John
x3hqQuhngDg-00599-00155157-00155456 in Botts Friedrich Wilhelm biography
x3hqQuhngDg-00600-00155457-00155795 bibliography shizu-chan lexicon BBK L in
x3hqQuhngDg-00601-00155796-00156278 German - Pam BOTS calls 42 to 43
x3hqQuhngDg-00602-00156279-00156584 ISBN three eight eight three oh nine oh
x3hqQuhngDg-00603-00156585-00156881 three to eight entry in the Catholic
x3hqQuhngDg-00604-00156882-00157121 Encyclopedia Thomas Cromwell the rise
x3hqQuhngDg-00605-00157122-00157304 and fall of Henry the eighth's most
x3hqQuhngDg-00606-00157305-00157541 notorious minister by Robert Hutchinson
x3hqQuhngDg-00607-00157542-00157754 topic external links topic John Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00608-00157755-00158003 school / Lee st. John Fisher Catholic
x3hqQuhngDg-00609-00158004-00158237 High School Dewsbury memorial page on
x3hqQuhngDg-00610-00158238-00158459 find A Grave John Fisher and Thomas More
x3hqQuhngDg-00611-00158460-00158672 martyrs of England and Wales texts on
x3hqQuhngDg-00612-00158673-00158987 wikisource Fisher John encyclopedia
x3hqQuhngDg-00613-00158988-00159068 Americana
x3hqQuhngDg-00614-00159069-00159557 1920 Huddleston Gilbert Roger 1913 BL
x3hqQuhngDg-00615-00159558-00159905 John Fisher Catholic Encyclopedia Fisher
x3hqQuhngDg-00616-00159906-00160222 John Encyclopedia Britannica 11th ed
x3hqQuhngDg-00617-00160223-00160604 1911 Fisher John a short biographical
x3hqQuhngDg-00618-00160605-00160772 dictionary of English literature
x3hqQuhngDg-00619-00160773-00161225 wikisource 1910 Mulliner James base 1889
x3hqQuhngDg-00620-00161226-00161879 Fisher John 14:59 - 1535 Dictionary of
x3hqQuhngDg-00621-00161880-00162188 National Biography nineteen Fisher John
x3hqQuhngDg-00622-00162189-00162368 the American cyclopædia
x3hqQuhngDg-00623-00162369-00162797 1879 John Fisher Catholic - hierarchy
x3hqQuhngDg-00624-00162798-00163232 org David M Cheney literature by and
x3hqQuhngDg-00625-00163233-00163448 about John Fisher in the German National
x3hqQuhngDg-00626-00163449-00163748 Library catalogue