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Orozco - wikipedia <H1> Orozco </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <P> Orozco is of Spanish / Basque origin . Notable people with the surname include : </P> <Ul> <Li> Ana María Orozco ( born 1973 ) , Colombian television actress </Li> <Li> Andrés Orozco ( born 1979 ) , Colombian football defender </Li> <Li> Antonio Orozco ( born 1972 ) , Spanish singer - songwriter </Li> <Li> Aurora Estrada Orozco ( 1918 -- 2011 ) , Mexican American community leader </Li> <Li> Caleb Orozco , LGBT activist in Belize </Li> <Li> Daniel Orozco , an American writer of fiction </Li> <Li> Danilo Orozco ( 1944 -- 2013 ) , Cuban musicologist </Li> <Li> Edwin Orozco ( born 1982 ) , Colombian road cyclist </Li> <Li> Esther Orozco ( born 1945 ) , Mexican biologist and researcher </Li> <Li> Gabriel Orozco ( born 1962 ) , Mexican postminimalist artist </Li> <Li> Germán Orozco ( born 1976 ) , Argentine field hockey defender </Li> <Li> John Orozco ( born 1992 ) , American gymnast </Li> <Li> Jonathan Orozco , Mexican football player </Li> <Li> José Clemente Orozco ( 1883 -- 1949 ) , Mexican painter </Li> <Li> Lisseth Orozco ( born 1986 ) , Colombian judoka </Li> <Li> Michael Orozco Fiscal ( born 1986 ) , American soccer player </Li> <Li> Olga Orozco ( 1920 -- 1999 ) , Argentine poet </Li> <Li> Pascual Orozco ( sometimes spelled Oroszco ) ( 1882 -- 1915 ) , Mexican revolutionary leader </Li> <Li> Rafael Orozco ( disambiguation ) , multiple people </Li> <Li> Soledad Orozco de Avila Camacho , first lady of Mexico ( 1940 -- 1946 ) ; her husband was Manuel Avila Camacho </Li> <Li> Verónica Orozco , Colombian actress and singer , Ana María Orozco sister </Li> <Li> Juan Orozco , Spanish luthier and guitar impresario , famous guitar shop in New York ( 1970s to 1990s ) </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Apellido Orozco surname '' . Tpino.netfirms.com . Retrieved 2013 - 11 - 07 . </Li> </Ol> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This page lists people with the surname Orozco . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page , you may wish to change that link by adding the person 's given name ( s ) to the link . </Td> </Tr> </Table> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orozco&oldid=796245197 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Surnames </Li> <Li> Basque - language surnames </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> All set index articles </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Cebuano </Li> <Li> Deutsch </Li> <Li> Español </Li> <Li> Français </Li> <Li> Italiano </Li> <Li> Plattdüütsch </Li> <Li> Русский </Li> <Li> Svenska </Li> <Li> Українська </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 19 August 2017 , at 14 : 09 . </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

The last name Orozco originates from

Where does the last name orozco originate from?

-5061926765893337070

Red wolf - wikipedia <H1> Red wolf </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the species Canis rufus . For other uses , see Red wolf ( disambiguation ) . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Red wolf Temporal range : Holocene 10,000 years ago -- present </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Red wolf showing typical coloration </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Conservation status </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Critically Endangered ( IUCN 3.1 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Scientific classification </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kingdom : </Td> <Td> Animalia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Phylum : </Td> <Td> Chordata </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Class : </Td> <Td> Mammalia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Order : </Td> <Td> Carnivora </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Family : </Td> <Td> Canidae </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Genus : </Td> <Td> Canis </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Species : </Td> <Td> C. rufus </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Binomial name </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Canis rufus ( Audubon & Bachman , 1851 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Subspecies </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> † C. r . floridanis </Li> <Li> † C. r . gregoryi </Li> <Li> C. r . rufus </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Synonyms </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> Canis lupus rufus </Li> <Li> Canis latrans × Canis lupus </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The red wolf ( Canis rufus or Canis lupus rufus ) , also known as the Florida black wolf or Mississippi Valley wolf , is a canid native to the southeastern United States of unresolved taxonomic identity . Morphologically it is intermediate between the coyote and gray wolf , and is of a reddish , tawny color . The Red Wolf is a federally listed endangered species of the United States and is protected by law . It has been listed by IUCN as a critically endangered species since 1996 . It is considered the rarest species of wolf and is one of the five most endangered species of wolf in the world . </P> <P> Red wolves may have been the first New World wolf species encountered by European colonists , and were originally distributed throughout the eastern United States from the Atlantic Ocean to central Texas , and in the north from the Ohio River Valley , northern Pennsylvania and southern New York south to the Gulf of Mexico . The red wolf was nearly driven to extinction by the mid-1900s due to aggressive predator - control programs , habitat destruction , and extensive hybridization with coyotes . By the late 1960s , it occurred in small numbers in the Gulf Coast of western Louisiana and eastern Texas . Fourteen of these survivors were selected to be the founders of a captive - bred population , which was established in the Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium between 1974 and 1980 . After a successful experimental relocation to Bulls Island off the coast of South Carolina in 1978 , the red wolf was declared extinct in the wild in 1980 to proceed with restoration efforts . In 1987 , the captive animals were released into the Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge on the Albemarle Peninsula in North Carolina , with a second release , since reversed , taking place two years later in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park . Of 63 red wolves released from 1987 -- 1994 , the population rose to as many as 100 -- 120 individuals in 2012 , but has declined to 40 individuals in 2018 . </P> <P> The red wolf 's taxonomic status has been a subject of controversy . A 2011 genetic study indicated that it may be a hybrid species between gray wolves and coyotes . Re-analysis of this study , coupled with a broader contextual analysis including behavioral , morphological and additional genetic information , led to arguments that the red wolf is an independent species , but has suffered from significant introgression of coyote genes likely due to decimation of red wolf packs and fragmentation of their social structure due to hunting . A comprehensive review in October 2012 concluded that the red wolf is a distinct species which diverged from the coyote alongside the closely related eastern wolf 150,000 -- 300,000 years ago , Although this 2012 review was not universally accepted among relevant authorities , two subsequent reviews of updated research in 2013 and 2014 suggest that the red wolf was once a species distinct from the gray wolf and coyote . A 2015 genetics study , using the most comprehensive mitochondrial DNA data , Y - chromosome data and genome - wide 127,235 single nucleotide polymorphism data , concluded that `` the most parsimonious explanation '' is that eastern wolves in Algonquin Provincial Park are `` a distinct remnant entity of a historical wolf that most likely existed throughout the eastern United States '' . This view is supported by the idea that the coyote and gray wolf did not historically range into the eastern United States , with current academic debate on red wolf taxonomy shifting to a new question : whether the eastern wolf and red wolf are conspecific ( belong to the same species ) , a possibility considered by some researchers . In contrast , a 2016 study of 28 sequenced canid genomes concluded that red and eastern wolves have sequences that can be explained as resulting from gray wolf - coyote hybridization . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Taxonomy <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Taxonomic debate </Li> <Li> 1.2 Whole - genome analysis </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Physical description and behavior </Li> <Li> 3 Range and habitat <Ul> <Li> 3.1 History and extirpation in the wild </Li> <Li> 3.2 Captive breeding and reintroduction </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Gallery </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 Further reading </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Taxonomy ( edit ) </H2> Comparative image of the red wolf ( C. rufus ) & the coyote ( C. latrans ) . A 2016 genetic study of canid scats found that despite high coyote density inside the Red Wolf Experimental Population Area ( RWEPA ) , hybridization occurs rarely ( 4 % are hybrids ) . Skulls of North American Canis , with red wolf in the center <P> The taxonomy of the red wolf is not clear , with this wolf being regarded as either a species with a distinct lineage , a recent hybrid of the gray wolf and the coyote , or an ancient hybrid of the gray wolf and the coyote which warrants species status . </P> <P> The mammalogist W. Christopher Wozencraft , writing in Mammal Species of the World ( 2005 ) , regards the red wolf as a hybrid of the gray wolf and the coyote , but due to its uncertain status compromised by recognizing it as a subspecies of the grey wolf Canis lupus rufus . However , the genetic authority NCBI / Genbank lists the red wolf as the species Canis rufus . The red wolf has been listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as a critically endangered and unique species since 1996 . The red wolf is also federally listed as a unique and endangered species of the United States , and is protected by law . </P> <P> Fossil remains of the red wolf date to 10,000 years ago , when the coyote appears to have been displaced from the southeast of the US by this small wolf until last century . The paleontologist Ronald M. Nowak proposes that the ancestor of all North American and Eurasian wolves was C. mosbachensis , which lived in the Middle Pleistocene 700,000 -- 300,000 years ago . C. mosbachensis was a wolf that once lived across Eurasia before going extinct . It was smaller than most North American wolf populations and smaller than C. rufus , and has been described as being similar in size to the small Indian wolf , Canis lupus papilles . He further proposes that C. mosbachensis invaded North America where it became isolated by the later glaciation and there gave rise to C. rufus . </P> <H3> Taxonomic debate ( edit ) </H3> <P> The taxonomy of the red wolf has been debated since before efforts began in 1973 to save it from extinction . In 1971 , Atkins and Dillon conducted a study on the brains of canids and confirmed the basal characteristics of the red wolf . Many studies throughout the 1970s focused on the morphology of the red wolf came to the conclusion that the red wolf is a distinct species . In 1980 , a unique allele was found in Canis specimens from within the red wolf range , supporting the conclusion that the red wolf is a distinct species . Nevertheless , some in the scientific community considered it a subspecies of the gray wolf or a hybrid of the gray wolf and the coyote . In 1992 , the USFWS conducted an exhaustive review of the literature , including their own , and concluded that the red wolf is either a separate species unto itself or a subspecies of the gray wolf . Many agency reports , books and web pages list the red wolf as Canis rufus but genetic research re-opened the debate about the taxonomy of both the red wolf and Canada 's eastern wolf ( Canis lupus lycaon ) . </P> <P> In 2000 , an mDNA study indciated that between 150,000 -- 300,000 years ago , the North American branch evolved into the red wolf , eastern wolf , and the coyote . The study proposed that the eastern wolf and red wolf should be considered as sister taxa due to a shared common ancestor , and that these should be recognized as distinct species from other North American canids , and not as subspecies of the gray wolf ( Canis lupus ) . However , these conclusions were disputed , and MSW3 listed them both in 2005 as subspecies of the gray wolf . </P> <P> In May 2011 , an analysis of red wolf , eastern wolf , gray wolf , and dog genomes suggested that the red wolf was 76 -- 80 % coyote and only 20 -- 24 % gray wolf , suggesting that the red wolf is actually much more coyote in origin than the eastern wolf . This study analyzed 48,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) and found no evidence for a unique eastern wolf or red wolf species . However , X-ray analysis of the 16 red wolf specimens used in the SNP study were later shown to be wolf - coyote hybrids via cranial morphometric analysis , rendering the finding that the red wolf was a gray wolf - coyote hybrid inaccurate . The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ( USFWS ) still considers the red wolf a valid species ( Canis rufus ) and plans to make no changes to its recovery program . In 2012 , re-analysis of the 2011 SNP study argued that the original SNP study suffered from insufficient sampling , and noted that gray wolves do not mate with coyotes . Another Y - chromosome genetic study in 2012 also argued that the eastern wolf and red wolf are not hybrids , but rather are a distinct species from the gray wolf , although eastern and red wolves do intermix with coyotes . The same authors have argued that the 2011 SNP study finding that red wolves are not an independent species is flawed and that historical hunting and culling of wolves , leading to invasion of coyotes into eastern North America , has led to introgression of coyote mitochondrial and nuclear DNA into fragmented , decimated eastern wolf packs . They and other authors have postulated that large populations of eastern and red wolves with intact social / pack structures are less likely to interbreed with coyotes . The controversy over the red wolf 's species status was the subject of a comprehensive review of the 2011 and 2012 genetics studies , which concluded that there are three separate species of wolf in North America :

The red wolf is found in

Where does the red wolf live in the world?

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The Way You Move - wikipedia <H1> The Way You Move </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the song by Outkast . For the song by Ne - Yo , see The Way You Move ( Ne - Yo song ) . For the song by Bodyrockers , see I Like the Way ( BodyRockers song ) . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` The Way You Move '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by OutKast featuring Sleepy Brown </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> from the album Speakerboxxx / The Love Below </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> September 23 , 2003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Format </Th> <Td> CD single </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Recorded </Th> <Td> Stankonia Studios , Atlanta , GA , 2002 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Hip hop , crunk , soul </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 3 : 55 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> LaFace / RCA 55883 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Antwan Patton , Carl - Mo , Patrick Brown </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Big Boi , Carl - Mo </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> OutKast singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Land of a Million Drums '' ( 2002 ) </Td> <Td> `` The Way You Move '' ( 2003 ) </Td> <Td> `` Roses '' ( 2004 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Land of a Million Drums '' ( 2002 ) </Td> <Td> `` The Way You Move '' ( 2003 ) </Td> <Td> `` Roses '' ( 2004 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> `` The Way You Move '' is a song recorded by Big Boi of the American hip hop duo OutKast , released by LaFace Records . The song features OutKast mentor Sleepy Brown on guest vocals . Along with `` Hey Ya ! '' , recorded by OutKast 's other member André 3000 , `` The Way You Move '' is one of the two lead singles from Speakerboxxx / The Love Below , OutKast 's double album project which includes a solo album from each member . </P> <P> Released from Big Boi 's Speakerboxxx half of the double album , `` The Way You Move '' peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 , becoming OutKast 's third number - one pop single , and the 900th for `` Billboard . '' In 2009 , it was named the 22nd most successful song of the 2000s , on the Billboard Hot 100 Songs of the Decade . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Song information </Li> <Li> 2 Music video </Li> <Li> 3 Chart performance </Li> <Li> 4 Track listings </Li> <Li> 5 Charts <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Weekly charts </Li> <Li> 5.2 Year - end charts </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Trivia </Li> <Li> 7 Earth , Wind & Fire / Kenny G cover <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Peak positions </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Song information ( edit ) </H2> <P> `` The Way You Move '' is credited to Big Boi , Sleepy Brown , and the song 's producer , Carlton Mahone ; Big Boi also does some co-production . Combining elements of bass music , Atlanta - style southern hip hop , and 1970s soul music , `` The Way You Move '' is Big Boi 's light - hearted dedication to women . </P> <P> The song 's instrumental track is punctuated with the prominent live horn section `` Hornz Unlimited '' of Atlanta reminiscent of Earth Wind and Fire , which features Sleepy Brown singing in style inspired by the work of Motown star Marvin Gaye . </P> <H2> Music video ( edit ) </H2> <P> The song 's music video , directed by Bryan Barber , features Big Boi as the proprietor of a rim shop . The video 's performance shots eventually gravitate to other locations during the video 's running time , featuring several young women who Big Boi , dressed in a pimp 's suit , attempts to pick up . </P> <P> The video features an appearance from Fonzworth Bentley and another from actress Ki Toy Johnson . `` The Way You Move '' music video was designed to be shown in tandem with the video for André 3000 's `` Hey Ya ! '' . A long - form `` The Way You Move / Hey Ya ! '' video combines both clips with a bridging sequence . The music video opens with Big Boi and Sleepy Brown pulling into a garage that specializes in automotive audio systems . </P> <H2> Chart performance ( edit ) </H2> <P> `` The Way You Move '' debuted at # 83 on the week ending September 27 , 2003 , four days after its release . It spent eight weeks at the number two position on the Billboard Hot 100 behind `` Hey Ya ! '' , one of the longest runs at that position in the chart 's history . </P> <P> It finally replaced `` Hey Ya ! '' at number one on February 7 , 2004 , where it stayed for one week , which was the sixth time a recording act has replaced itself on the Billboard pop chart . `` The Way You Move '' was ranked number five on the 2004 Billboard Year - End Chart . On the Hot R&B / Hip - Hop Singles & Tracks chart , `` The Way You Move '' peaked at number two ( seven positions higher than `` Hey Ya ! '' ) , and reached the top of the Hot Rap Tracks chart . </P> <H2> Track listings ( edit ) </H2> <Dl> <Dt> UK CD1 </Dt> </Dl> <Ol> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( club mix ) -- 3 : 56 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( Johnny Toobad full length vocal ) -- 6 : 55 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( Full Phat radio mix ) -- 3 : 35 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( video ) </Li> </Ol> <Dl> <Dt> UK CD2 </Dt> </Dl> <Ol> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( clean album version ) -- 3 : 56 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( Johnny Toobad radio mix ) -- 3 : 52 </Li> </Ol> <Dl> <Dt> Europe single </Dt> </Dl> <Ol> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( radio mix ) -- 3 : 55 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( Full Phatt radio mix ) -- 3 : 31 </Li> </Ol> <Dl> <Dt> Europe / Australia maxi - single </Dt> </Dl> <Ol> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( radio mix ) -- 3 : 55 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( Full Phatt radio mix ) - 3 : 31 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( Johnny Too Bad radio mix ) -- 3 : 52 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( Cutmaster Swift remix ) -- 4 : 22 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( video ) </Li> </Ol> <Dl> <Dt> The Way You Move / Hey Ya ! 12 '' vinyl single </Dt> </Dl> <Ol> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( radio mix ) -- 3 : 55 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( club mix ) -- 3 : 55 </Li> <Li> `` The Way You Move '' ( instrumental ) -- 3 : 55 </Li> </Ol> <Ol> <Li> `` Hey Ya ! '' ( radio mix ) -- 4 : 09 </Li> <Li> `` Hey Ya ! '' ( instrumental ) -- 4 : 09 </Li> </Ol> <H2> Charts ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Weekly charts ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2003 -- 04 ) </Th> <Th> Peak position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Australia ( ARIA ) </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Austria ( Ö3 Austria Top 40 ) </Td> <Td> 49 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) </Td> <Td> 44 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belgium ( Ultratip Wallonia ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Denmark ( Tracklisten ) </Td> <Td> 9 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Europe ( Official Top 100 Singles ) </Td> <Td> 18 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista ) </Td> <Td> 19 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Germany ( Official German Charts ) </Td> <Td> 31 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ireland ( IRMA ) </Td> <Td> 18 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Italy ( FIMI ) </Td> <Td> 9 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) </Td> <Td> 76 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) </Td> <Td> 6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Norway ( VG - lista ) </Td> <Td> 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> South Korea International Singles ( Gaon ) </Td> <Td> 20 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) </Td> <Td> 33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) </Td> <Td> 49 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> UK R&B ( Official Charts Company ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Billboard Hot 100 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Billboard Mainstream Top 40 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Billboard Hot R&B / Hip - Hop Songs </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Billboard Hot Rap Songs </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Billboard Adult Top 40 </Td> <Td> 34 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> Year - end charts ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2004 ) </Th> <Th> Rank </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Billboard Hot 100 </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Trivia ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> The song was featured and poked fun at in an episode of Chappelle 's Show , in a skit entitled `` Making the Band '' , in which P. Diddy ( played by Chappelle ) is joined by his assistant , Fonzworth Bentley ( played by Charlie Murphy ) , who comes flying in using his umbrella as a parachute , just as Fonzworth does in `` The Way You Move '' music video . </Li> <Li> A heavily edited version of the song is featured in the console versions of Tiger Woods PGA Tour 2005 , and is a playable song in Shark Tale . </Li> <Li> The `` Full Phatt Radio Mix '' is featured on Dance Dance Revolution Universe 2 . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Earth , Wind & Fire / Kenny G cover ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` The Way You Move '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by Kenny G feat . Earth , Wind & Fire </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> from the album At Last ... The Duets Album </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Format </Th> <Td> CD single </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Smooth jazz </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 4 : 09 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Arista Records </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Patrick Brown , Carlton `` Carl Mo '' Mahone , Antwan Patton </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Walter Afanasieff </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> In 2004 , saxophonist Kenny G and Earth , Wind & Fire released a cover of the song with bandmembers Philip Bailey and Maurice White on vocals . Their version was spawned from Kenny G 's At Last ... The Duets Album and it also appeared on Earth , Wind & Fire 's 2005 album Illumination . The song went to # 12 on the Adult Contemporary Chart . </P> <H3> Peak positions ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart (

The video cast "I Like the Way You Move" features

I like the way you move video cast?

-7066978684275822190

Escherichia coli - wikipedia <H1> Escherichia coli </H1> Jump to : navigation , search `` E. coli '' redirects here . For the protozoan commensal , see Entamoeba coli . This article is about Escherichia coli as a species . For E. coli in medicine , see Pathogenic Escherichia coli . For E. coli in molecular biology , see Escherichia coli ( molecular biology ) . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Escherichia coli </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Scientific classification </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Domain : </Td> <Td> Bacteria </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Phylum : </Td> <Td> Proteobacteria </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Class : </Td> <Td> Gammaproteobacteria </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Order : </Td> <Td> Enterobacteriales </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Family : </Td> <Td> Enterobacteriaceae </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Genus : </Td> <Td> Escherichia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Species : </Td> <Td> E. coli </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Binomial name </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Escherichia coli ( Migula 1895 ) Castellani and Chalmers 1919 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Synonyms </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <P> Bacillus coli communis Escherich 1885 </P> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Escherichia coli ( / ˌɛʃɪˈrɪkiə ˈkoʊlaɪ / ; also known as E. coli ) is a Gram - negative , facultatively anaerobic , rod - shaped , coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm - blooded organisms ( endotherms ) . Most E. coli strains are harmless , but some serotypes can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts , and are occasionally responsible for product recalls due to food contamination . The harmless strains are part of the normal flora of the gut , and can benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K , and preventing colonization of the intestine with pathogenic bacteria , having a symbiotic relationship . E. coli is expelled into the environment within fecal matter . The bacterium grows massively in fresh fecal matter under aerobic conditions for 3 days , but its numbers decline slowly afterwards . </P> <P> E. coli and other facultative anaerobes constitute about 0.1 % of gut flora , and fecal -- oral transmission is the major route through which pathogenic strains of the bacterium cause disease . Cells are able to survive outside the body for a limited amount of time , which makes them potential indicator organisms to test environmental samples for fecal contamination . A growing body of research , though , has examined environmentally persistent E. coli which can survive for extended periods outside a host . </P> <P> The bacterium can be grown and cultured easily and inexpensively in a laboratory setting , and has been intensively investigated for over 60 years . E. coli is a chemoheterotroph whose chemically defined medium must include a source of carbon and energy . E. coli is the most widely studied prokaryotic model organism , and an important species in the fields of biotechnology and microbiology , where it has served as the host organism for the majority of work with recombinant DNA . Under favorable conditions , it takes up to 20 minutes to reproduce . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Biology and biochemistry <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Type and morphology </Li> <Li> 1.2 Metabolism </Li> <Li> 1.3 Culture growth </Li> <Li> 1.4 Cell cycle </Li> <Li> 1.5 Genetic adaptation </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Diversity <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Serotypes </Li> <Li> 2.2 Genome plasticity and evolution </Li> <Li> 2.3 Neotype strain </Li> <Li> 2.4 Phylogeny of E. coli strains </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Genomics </Li> <Li> 4 Gene nomenclature </Li> <Li> 5 Proteomics <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Proteome </Li> <Li> 5.2 Interactome </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Normal microbiota <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Therapeutic use </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Role in disease <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Incubation period </Li> <Li> 7.2 Treatment </Li> <Li> 7.3 Prevention </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Model organism in life science research <Ul> <Li> 8.1 Model organism </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 History </Li> <Li> 10 See also </Li> <Li> 11 References </Li> <Li> 12 Further reading </Li> <Li> 13 External links <Ul> <Li> 13.1 Databases </Li> <Li> 13.2 General databases with E. coli - related information </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Biology and Biochemistry ( edit ) </H2> Model of successive binary fission in E. coli A colony of E. coli growing <H3> Type and morphology ( edit ) </H3> <P> E. coli is a Gram - negative , facultative anaerobic ( that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present , but is capable of switching to fermentation or anaerobic respiration if oxygen is absent ) and nonsporulating bacterium . Cells are typically rod - shaped , and are about 2.0 μm long and 0.25 -- 1.0 μm in diameter , with a cell volume of 0.6 -- 0.7 μm . </P> <P> E. coli stains Gram - negative because its cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane . During the staining process , E. coli picks up the color of the counterstain safranin and stains pink . The outer membrane surrounding the cell wall provides a barrier to certain antibiotics such that E. coli is not damaged by penicillin . </P> <P> Strains that possess flagella are motile . The flagella have a peritrichous arrangement . It also attaches and effaces to the microvilli of the intestines via an adhesion molecule known as intimin . </P> <H3> Metabolism ( edit ) </H3> <P> E. coli can live on a wide variety of substrates and uses mixed - acid fermentation in anaerobic conditions , producing lactate , succinate , ethanol , acetate , and carbon dioxide . Since many pathways in mixed - acid fermentation produce hydrogen gas , these pathways require the levels of hydrogen to be low , as is the case when E. coli lives together with hydrogen - consuming organisms , such as methanogens or sulphate - reducing bacteria . </P> <H3> Culture growth ( edit ) </H3> <P> Optimum growth of E. coli occurs at 37 ° C ( 98.6 ° F ) , but some laboratory strains can multiply at temperatures up to 49 ° C ( 120 ° F ) . E. coli grows in a variety of defined laboratory media , such as lysogeny broth , or any medium that contains glucose , ammonium phosphate , monobasic , sodium chloride , magnesium sulfate , potassium phosphate , dibasic , and water . Growth can be driven by aerobic or anaerobic respiration , using a large variety of redox pairs , including the oxidation of pyruvic acid , formic acid , hydrogen , and amino acids , and the reduction of substrates such as oxygen , nitrate , fumarate , dimethyl sulfoxide , and trimethylamine N - oxide . E. coli is classified as a facultative anaerobe . It uses oxygen when it is present and available . It can , however , continue to grow in the absence of oxygen using fermentation or anaerobic respiration . The ability to continue growing in the absence of oxygen is an advantage to bacteria because their survival is increased in environments where water predominates . </P> <H3> Cell cycle ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Cell cycle <P> The bacterial cell cycle is divided into three stages . The B period occurs between the completion of cell division and the beginning of DNA replication . The C period encompasses the time it takes to replicate the chromosomal DNA . The D period refers to the stage between the conclusion of DNA replication and the end of cell division . The doubling rate of E. coli is higher when more nutrients are available . However , the length of the C and D periods do not change , even when the doubling time becomes less than the sum of the C and D periods . At the fastest growth rates , replication begins before the previous round of replication has completed , resulting in multiple replication forks along the DNA and overlapping cell cycles . </P> <H3> Genetic adaptation ( edit ) </H3> <P> E. coli and related bacteria possess the ability to transfer DNA via bacterial conjugation or transduction , which allows genetic material to spread horizontally through an existing population . The process of transduction , which uses the bacterial virus called a bacteriophage , is where the spread of the gene encoding for the Shiga toxin from the Shigella bacteria to E. coli helped produce E. coli O157 : H7 , the Shiga toxin - producing strain of E. coli . </P> <H2> Diversity ( edit ) </H2> Scanning electron micrograph of an E. coli colony . <P> E. coli encompasses an enormous population of bacteria that exhibit a very high degree of both genetic and phenotypic diversity . Genome sequencing of a large number of isolates of E. coli and related bacteria shows that a taxonomic reclassification would be desirable . However , this has not been done , largely due to its medical importance , and E. coli remains one of the most diverse bacterial species : only 20 % of the genes in a typical E. coli genome is shared among all strains . </P> <P> In fact , from the evolutionary point of view , the members of genus Shigella ( S. dysenteriae , S. flexneri , S. boydii , and S. sonnei ) should be classified as E. coli strains , a phenomenon termed taxa in disguise . Similarly , other strains of E. coli ( e.g. the K - 12 strain commonly used in recombinant DNA work ) are sufficiently different that they would merit reclassification . </P> <P> A strain is a subgroup within the species that has unique characteristics that distinguish it from other strains . These differences are often detectable only at the molecular level ; however , they may result in changes to the physiology or lifecycle of the bacterium . For example , a strain may gain pathogenic capacity , the ability to use a unique carbon source , the ability to take upon a particular ecological niche , or the ability to resist antimicrobial agents . Different strains of E. coli are often host - specific , making it possible to determine the source of fecal contamination in environmental samples . For example , knowing which E. coli strains are present in a water sample allows researchers to make assumptions about whether the contamination originated from a human , another mammal , or a bird . </P> <H3> Serotypes ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Pathogenic Escherichia coli § Serotypes <P> A common subdivision system of E. coli , but not based on evolutionary relatedness , is by serotype , which is based on major surface antigens ( O antigen : part of lipopolysaccharide layer ; H : flagellin ; K antigen : capsule ) , e.g. O157 : H7 ) . It is , however , common to cite only the serogroup , i.e. the O - antigen . At present , about 190 serogroups are known . The common laboratory strain has a mutation that prevents the formation of an O - antigen and is thus not typeable . </P> <H3> Genome plasticity and evolution ( edit ) </H3> <P> Like all lifeforms , new strains of E. coli evolve through the natural biological processes of mutation , gene duplication , and horizontal gene transfer ; in particular , 18 % of the genome of the laboratory strain MG1655 was horizontally acquired since the divergence from Salmonella . E. coli K - 12 and E. coli B strains are the most frequently used varieties for laboratory purposes . Some strains develop traits that can be harmful to a host animal . These virulent strains typically cause a bout of diarrhea that is often self - limiting in healthy adults but is frequently lethal to children in the developing world . More virulent strains , such as O157 : H7 , cause serious illness or death in the elderly , the very young , or the immunocompromised . </P> <P> The genera Escherichia and Salmonella diverged around

The full scientific name for the E. coli bacteria is

What is the full scientific name for the e. coli bacteria?

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Rock and Roll Hall of Fame - Wikipedia <H1> Rock and Roll Hall of Fame </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> Rock and Roll Hall of Fame <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Established </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> 1100 Rock and Roll Boulevard ( East Ninth Street at Lake Erie ) Cleveland , Ohio 44114 United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> 41 ° 30 ′ 30.2 '' N 81 ° 41 ′ 43.8 '' W  /  41.508389 ° N 81.695500 ° W  / 41.508389 ; - 81.695500 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Visitors </Th> <Td> 441,290 ( 2013 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> President </Th> <Td> Greg Harris </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Public transit access </Th> <Td> North Coast station ( RTA Rapid Transit ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> rockhall.com </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame , located on the shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland , Ohio , recognizes and archives the history of the best - known and most influential artists , producers , engineers , and other notable figures who have had some major influence on the development of rock and roll . The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation was established on April 20 , 1983 , by Atlantic Records founder and chairman Ahmet Ertegun . In 1986 , Cleveland was chosen as the Hall of Fame 's permanent home . Since opening in September 1995 , the `` Rock Hall '' -- part of the city 's redeveloped North Coast Harbor -- has hosted more than 10 million visitors and had a cumulative economic impact estimated at more than $1.8 billion . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Foundation and museum <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Economic impact </Li> <Li> 1.2 Layout </Li> <Li> 1.3 Architecture </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Exhibit history <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Public programs </Li> <Li> 2.2 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Artists with four or more songs </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2.3 25th anniversary concert </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Inductees <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Performers </Li> <Li> 3.2 Early Influences </Li> <Li> 3.3 Ahmet Ertegun Award for Lifetime Achievement </Li> <Li> 3.4 Award for Musical Excellence </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Library and archives </Li> <Li> 5 Criticism <Ul> <Li> 5.1 2007 vote controversy </Li> <Li> 5.2 The Monkees controversy </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Foundation and museum ( edit ) </H2> <P> Founder Ahmet Ertegun assembled a team that included attorney Suzan Evans , Rolling Stone magazine editor and publisher Jann S. Wenner , attorney Allen Grubman , and record executives Seymour Stein , Bob Krasnow , and Noreen Woods . The Foundation began inducting artists in 1986 , but the Hall of Fame still had no home . The search committee considered several cities , including Philadelphia ( home of Bill Haley and American Bandstand ) , Memphis ( home of Sun Studios and Stax Records ) , Detroit ( home of Motown Records ) , Cincinnati ( home of King Records ) , New York City , and Cleveland . </P> <P> Cleveland lobbied for the museum , citing that WJW disc jockey Alan Freed both coined the term `` rock and roll '' and heavily promoted the new genre -- and that Cleveland was the location of Freed 's Moondog Coronation Ball , the first major rock and roll concert . In addition , Cleveland cited radio station WMMS , which played a key role in breaking several major acts in the U.S. during the 1970s and 80s , including artist David Bowie , who began his first U.S. tour in the city , Bruce Springsteen , Roxy Music , and Rush among many others . Cleveland was also one of the premier tour stops for most rock bands . </P> <P> Civic leaders in Cleveland pledged $65 million in public money to fund the construction . A petition drive was signed by 600,000 fans favoring Cleveland over Memphis , and Cleveland ranked first in a 1986 USA Today poll asking where the Hall of Fame should be located . On May 5 , 1986 , the Hall of Fame Foundation chose Cleveland as the permanent home of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum . Sam Phillips of Sun Studios fame and many others were stunned and disappointed that it ended up in Cleveland . `` The hall of fame should 've been in Memphis , certainly , '' wrote Peter Guralnick , author of an acclaimed two - volume Elvis Presley biography . </P> <P> Cleveland may also have been chosen as the organization 's site because the city offered the best financial package . As The Plain Dealer music critic Michael Norman noted , `` It was $65 million ... Cleveland wanted it here and put up the money . '' Co-founder Jann Wenner later said , `` One of the small sad things is we did n't do it in New York in the first place , '' but then added , `` I am absolutely delighted that the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is in Cleveland . '' </P> <P> During early discussions on where to build the Hall of Fame and Museum , the Foundation 's board considered the Cuyahoga River . Ultimately , the chosen location was along East Ninth Street in downtown Cleveland by Lake Erie , east of Cleveland Stadium . </P> <P> At one point in the planning phase when a financing gap existed , planners proposed locating the Rock Hall in the then - vacant May Company Building , but finally decided to commission architect I.M. Pei to design a new building . Initial CEO Dr. Larry R. Thompson facilitated I.M. Pei in designs for the site . Pei came up with the idea of a tower with a glass pyramid protruding from it . The museum tower was initially planned to stand 200 ft ( 61 m ) high , but had to be cut down to 162 ft ( 49 m ) due to its proximity to Burke Lakefront Airport . The building 's base is approximately 150,000 square feet ( 14,000 m2 ) . The groundbreaking ceremony took place on June 7 , 1993 . Pete Townshend , Chuck Berry , Billy Joel , Sam Phillips , Ruth Brown , Sam Moore of Sam and Dave , Carl Gardner of the Coasters and Dave Pirner of Soul Asylum all appeared at the groundbreaking . </P> <P> The museum was dedicated on September 1 , 1995 , with the ribbon being cut by an ensemble that included Yoko Ono and Little Richard , among others , before a crowd of more than 10,000 people . The following night an all - star concert was held at the stadium . It featured Chuck Berry , Bob Dylan , Al Green , Jerry Lee Lewis , Aretha Franklin , Bruce Springsteen , Iggy Pop , John Fogerty , John Mellencamp , and many others . </P> <P> In addition to the Hall of Fame inductees , the museum documents the entire history of rock and roll , regardless of induction status . Hall of Fame inductees are honored in a special exhibit located in a wing that juts out over Lake Erie . </P> <H3> Economic impact ( edit ) </H3> <P> Since 1986 , the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has selected new inductees . The formal induction ceremony has been held in New York City 26 times ( 1986 -- 92 , 1994 -- 96 , 1998 -- 2008 , 2010 -- 11 , 2014 , 2016 and 2017 ) ; twice in Los Angeles ( 1993 and 2013 ) ; and four times in the Hall of Fame 's home in Cleveland ( 1997 , 2009 , 2012 and 2015 ) . Beginning in 2018 , the induction ceremonies will alternate each year between Cleveland and New York . </P> <P> The 2009 and 2012 induction weeks were made possible by a public -- private partnership between the City of Cleveland , the State of Ohio , the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame , and local foundations , corporations , civic organizations and individuals . Collectively these entities invested $5.8 million in 2009 and $7.9 million in 2012 to produce a week of events , including free concerts , a gospel celebration , exhibition openings , free admission to the museum , and induction ceremonies filled with both fans and VIPs at Public Hall . </P> <P> Millions viewed the television broadcast of the Cleveland inductions ; tens of thousands traveled to Ohio during induction week to participate in Induction - related events . The economic impact of the 2009 induction week activities was more than $13 million , and it provided an additional $20 million in media exposure for the region . The 2012 induction week yielded similar results . </P> <H3> Layout ( edit ) </H3> The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame ( left ) sits on the Lake Erie shore next to the Great Lakes Science Center ( right ) in Cleveland 's North Coast Harbor . <P> There are seven levels in the building . On the lower level is the Ahmet M. Ertegun Exhibition Hall , the museum 's main gallery . It includes exhibits on the roots of rock and roll ( gospel , blues , rhythm & blues and folk , country and bluegrass ) . It also features exhibits on cities that have had a major impact on rock and roll : Memphis , Detroit , London and Liverpool , San Francisco , Los Angeles , New York and Seattle . There are exhibits about soul music , the Fifties , Sun Records , Atlantic Records , hip hop music , Cleveland 's rock and roll legacy , the music of the Midwest , rock and roll radio and dee - jays , and the many protests against rock and roll . This gallery also has exhibits that focus on individual artists , including the Beatles , the Rolling Stones , Jimi Hendrix and others . Finally , the Ahmet M. Ertegun Exhibition Hall includes two theaters , one of which features a film about the roots of rock and roll and one that features films on various subjects . </P> <P> The first floor of the museum is the entrance level . It includes a cafe , a stage that the museum uses for various special performances and events throughout the year , and a section called `` Backstage Stories . '' The second floor includes several interactive kiosks that feature programs on one - hit wonders and the Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll . This level also includes a gallery with artifact - filled exhibits about Les Paul , Alan Freed , Sam Phillips and the evolution of audio technology . </P> <P> Visitors enter the Hall of Fame section of the museum on the third floor . This section includes `` The Power of Rock Experience , '' which includes one of Jonathan Demme 's final works , a film shown in the Connor Theater . The film includes musical highlights from some of the Hall 's induction ceremonies . Visitors exit the Hall of Fame section on the fourth floor . That level features the Foster Theater , a state - of - the - art 3 - D theater that is used for special events and programs . </P> <P> Finally , the top two levels of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame feature large , temporary exhibits . Over the years , numerous exhibits have been installed on these two levels , including exhibits about Elvis Presley , hip - hop , the Supremes , the Who , U2 , John Lennon , the Clash , Bruce Springsteen , Women Who Rock , and the Rolling Stones . </P> <H3> Architecture ( edit ) </H3> The Rock and Roll Hall

The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame was built in Cleveland in

When was the rock and roll hall of fame built in cleveland?

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Doreen Mantle - Wikipedia <H1> Doreen Mantle </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Doreen Mantle </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> 1926 ( aged 91 - 92 ) Cape Town , Cape Province </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Occupation </Th> <Td> Actress </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Years active </Th> <Td> 1960 -- present </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Doreen Mantle ( born 1926 ) is a South African - born English actress who is probably best known for her role as Jean Warboys in One Foot in the Grave ( 1990 -- 2000 ) . </P> <P> She has appeared in many British television series from the 1960s to the present , such as The Duchess of Duke Street , The Wild House , Sam Saturday , Chalk , Casualty , The Bill , Doctors , Holby City and Jonathan Creek . She played lollipop lady Queenie in Jam & Jerusalem ( 2006 -- 09 ) . She appeared in episode 63 of Father Brown in January 2018 . </P> <P> Mantle has worked extensively on the stage in such productions as My Fair Lady , Keep It in the Family , The Seagull and Hamlet . She also toured Britain in Billy Liar in the role of Florence Boothroyd and performed at the National Theatre in The Voysey Inheritance . In 1979 she was awarded the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for her performance in Death of a Salesman . She has also done a great deal of radio work for BBC Radio 3 and BBC World Service . Mantle played the long suffering wife of the rabbi in BBC Radio 4 's comedy series The Attractive Young Rabbi . </P> <P> In 1983 Mantle played `` Mrs Shaemen '' in Yentl . In 2011 , Mantle appeared in Coronation Street as the mother of Colin Fishwick whose identity was taken by John Stape . </P> <H2> Filmography </H2> <Ul> <Li> Black Jack ( 1979 ) </Li> </Ul> <H2> References </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Webber , Richard ( 2006 ) . The Complete One Foot in the Grave . London : Orion . p. 48 ; ISBN 0 - 7528 - 7357 - 1 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Dickson , Andrew ( 25 August 2015 ) . `` How we made One Foot in the Grave '' . Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 26 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Kembleford Dragon , Series 6 , Father Brown - BBC One '' . BBC . Retrieved 2018 - 01 - 08 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Laurence Olivier Awards : Full List of Winners , 1976 - 2008 '' ( PDF ) . The Society of London Theatre . 2008 . Retrieved 28 July 2014 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Arnold , Steve . `` The Attractive Young Rabbi '' . Retrieved 2017 - 10 - 26 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Monaco , James ( 1992 ) . `` The Movie Guide '' . Perigee Books . Retrieved 2018 - 01 - 08 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Kilkelly , Daniel ( 27 October 2010 ) . `` ' One Foot in the Grave ' star joins Corrie '' . Digital Spy . Retrieved 28 July 2014 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links </H2> <Ul> <Li> Doreen Mantle on IMDb </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 1977 -- 1984 </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Actor </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Nigel Hawthorne ( 1977 ) </Li> <Li> Robert Eddison ( 1978 ) </Li> <Li> Patrick Stewart ( 1979 ) </Li> <Li> David Threlfall ( 1980 ) </Li> <Li> Joe Melia ( 1981 ) </Li> <Li> David Healy ( 1982 ) </Li> <Li> Alan Devlin ( 1983 ) </Li> <Li> Edward Petherbridge ( 1984 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Actress </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Mona Washbourne ( 1977 ) </Li> <Li> Elizabeth Spriggs ( 1978 ) </Li> <Li> Doreen Mantle ( 1979 ) </Li> <Li> Suzanne Bertish ( 1980 ) </Li> <Li> Gwen Watford ( 1981 ) </Li> <Li> Anna Massey ( 1982 ) </Li> <Li> Abigail McKern ( 1983 ) </Li> <Li> Marcia Warren ( 1984 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 1985 -- 1990 </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Merged </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Imelda Staunton ( 1985 ) </Li> <Li> Paul Jesson ( 1986 ) </Li> <Li> Michael Bryant ( 1987 ) </Li> <Li> Eileen Atkins ( 1988 ) </Li> <Li> Michael Bryant ( 1989 / 1990 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 1991 -- 1995 </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Actor </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> David Bradley ( 1991 ) </Li> <Li> Oleg Menshikov ( 1992 ) </Li> <Li> Julian Glover ( 1993 ) </Li> <Li> Joseph Mydell ( 1994 ) </Li> <Li> Ken Stott ( 1995 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Actress </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Sara Crowe ( 1991 ) </Li> <Li> Frances de la Tour ( 1992 ) </Li> <Li> Barbara Leigh - Hunt ( 1993 ) </Li> <Li> Helen Burns ( 1994 ) </Li> <Li> Dora Bryan ( 1995 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 1996 -- 2002 </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Actor </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Trevor Eve ( 1997 ) </Li> <Li> Roger Allam ( 2000 ) </Li> <Li> Ben Daniels ( 2001 ) </Li> <Li> Toby Jones ( 2002 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Actress </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Deborah Findlay ( 1997 ) </Li> <Li> Patricia Hodge ( 2000 ) </Li> <Li> Essie Davis ( 2001 ) </Li> <Li> Marcia Warren ( 2002 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Merged </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Simon Russell Beale ( 1996 ) </Li> <Li> Sarah Woodward ( 1998 ) </Li> <Li> Brendan Coyle ( 1999 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 2003 -- 2009 </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Merged </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Essie Davis ( 2003 ) </Li> <Li> Warren Mitchell ( 2004 ) </Li> <Li> Amanda Harris ( 2005 ) </Li> <Li> Noma Dumezweni ( 2006 ) </Li> <Li> Jim Norton ( 2007 ) </Li> <Li> Rory Kinnear ( 2008 ) </Li> <Li> Patrick Stewart ( 2009 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 2010 -- present </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Actor </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Eddie Redmayne ( 2010 ) </Li> <Li> Adrian Scarborough ( 2011 ) </Li> <Li> Richard McCabe ( 2013 ) </Li> <Li> Jack Lowden ( 2014 ) </Li> <Li> Nathaniel Parker ( 2015 ) </Li> <Li> Mark Gatiss ( 2016 ) </Li> <Li> Anthony Boyle ( 2017 ) </Li> <Li> Bertie Carvel ( 2018 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Actress </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Ruth Wilson ( 2010 ) </Li> <Li> Michelle Terry ( 2011 ) </Li> <Li> Nicola Walker ( 2013 ) </Li> <Li> Sharon D. Clarke ( 2014 ) </Li> <Li> Angela Lansbury ( 2015 ) </Li> <Li> Judi Dench ( 2016 ) </Li> <Li> Noma Dumezweni ( 2017 ) </Li> <Li> Denise Gough ( 2018 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Merged </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Sheridan Smith ( 2012 ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> VIAF : 222464486 </Li> <Li> ISNI : 0000 0003 6045 5464 </Li> <Li> BNF : cb16566638w ( data ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article about a South African actor or actress is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it . <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article about a British television actor or actress is a stub . 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The role of Mrs. Warboys in the TV series "One Foot in the Grave" was played by

Who played mrs warboys in one foot in the grave?

1192279284143194020

. </P> <P> A few weeks later , Greg 's best friend , Rowley Jefferson , takes Greg to the local country club , where his family are members of . Greg enjoys the lifestyle there and the fact that his crush , Holly Hills , teaches tennis there and he does n't have to go to the book club . </P> <P> Greg returns home to learn that Frank signed him up for an unpaid summer internship at his work without his consent , and Greg lies about having a job at the country club . Frank and Susan are delighted , and give him a starter cell phone , a Ladybug , which only allows him to call home or 911 . </P> <P> Later , Rowley invites Greg on a family trip to their beach house near the Boardwalk , but Greg finds the lifestyle banal and attempts to escape . He tries to call home using his Ladybug phone , but the phone rejects the call , and after he inadvertently calls 911 , the police arrive , almost leading to the arrest of Rowley 's father , who sends home Greg in disgust . </P> <P> Rowley does n't allow Greg to tag along with him to the country club because of the beach house incident , but Greg sneaks in , meets up with Holly and her sister Heather and manages to get Löded Diper a gig at Heather 's sweet sixteen , much to Rodrick 's delight . </P> <P> Rowley and Greg quickly make up , but Rowley is unable to attend the club , forcing Greg to sneak in . One morning , Frank drops Greg off , only to be confronted by Rowley 's father : Greg has built up a $260 fruit smoothie bill from his time at the country club . When Frank attempts to explain the situation , the clerk informs him that the club does not employ minors , and Greg is exposed . As a result , when he receives a Spag Union disc in the mail , he fears he will be sent there . </P> <P> Rodrick informs Greg that the `` Wilderness Weekend '' could be a way to avoid Spag Union . Their troop proves weak compared to Frank 's boss , Stan 's , troop . After a Camp story and Greg continues to mess things up Frank tells him that everyone messes up , after the boys overhear Stan and his troop insulting Frank , Greg attempts to set up a plan for revenge by using traps , and finds out that Stan 's troop has been using electric and other appliances including pre-cooked meals and portable TV 's rather than actually camping . </P> <P> Stan arrives at the tent , Greg manages to escape while Stan accidentally throws his own tent into the campfire , and Greg admits he was responsible but his friends tell him that he did it to defend his honor . Frank , having lost his respect for Stan , then confronts him with the electronic conveniences ( although he was jealous of Stan throughout the movie ) , and Stan runs into Greg 's trap , leaving him humiliated . </P> <P> Frank reveals that he never liked camping anyway , and decides not to send Greg to Spag Union , much to Greg 's surprise and delight . Frank gives Greg advice about learning from mistakes and taking responsibilities . The two discover they are much alike than they realize . </P> <P> At Heather 's Sweet 16 birthday party a few days later , Löded Diper performs a hard rock version of `` Baby '' by Justin Bieber and Ludacris , during an attempt to win over Heather . However , Rodrick accidentally knocks over a huge ice sculpture of Heather , which results in her losing her temper and accidentally smashing a chocolate fountain with a microphone stand , splashing chocolate all over her , and the party ends in disaster . </P> <P> Holly then implies that she likes Greg by holding his hand , and in the final scene , Greg , Holly , and Rowley all hang out together at the local pool . Greg describes that his summer did not go the way he expected , but had positive circumstances . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Zachary Gordon as Gregory `` Greg '' Heffley </Li> <Li> Robert Capron as Rowley Jefferson , Greg 's best friend </Li> <Li> Devon Bostick as Rodrick Heffley , Greg 's older brother </Li> <Li> Rachael Harris as Susan Heffley , Greg 's mother </Li> <Li> Peyton List as Holly Hills , Greg 's love interest and eventual girlfriend </Li> <Li> Grayson Russell as Fregley , one of Greg 's weird classmates </Li> <Li> Karan Brar as Chirag Gupta , one of Greg 's friends </Li> <Li> Laine MacNeil as Patty Farrell , Greg 's arch - enemy </Li> <Li> Steve Zahn as Frank Heffley , Greg 's father </Li> <Li> Melissa Roxburgh as Heather Hills , Holly 's older sister and Rodrick 's love interest </Li> <Li> Connor / Owen Fielding as Manny Heffley , Greg 's younger brother </Li> <Li> Alf Humphreys as Mr. Jefferson , Rowley 's father who dislikes Greg </Li> <Li> Bronwen Smith as Mrs. Jefferson , Rowley 's mother </Li> <Li> Terence Kelly as Grandpa Heffley , Frank 's father and Greg , Roddick and Manny 's grandfather </Li> <Li> Oliver the Dog as Sweetie Heffley , the Heffley 's new dog and addition to the family </Li> <Li> Phil Hayes as Stan Warren , Frank 's boss </Li> <Li> Jeff Kinney as Mr. Hills , Holly and Heather 's father </Li> </Ul> <P> This film is the last movie in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid film series to feature the original cast , as they aged out of their roles as middle - schoolers . </P> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> <P> Principal photography began on August 8 , 2011 in Vancouver and was completed on October 7 , 2011 . The location for the country club pool was Eagle Ridge Outdoor pool in Coquitlam , BC . Filming at Eagle Ridge Outdoor pool took place during the end of August 2011 . The municipal outdoor pool scenes at the beginning and the end of the movie were filmed at Steveston Outdoor pool in Richmond , BC . Filming occurred at the Steveston Outdoor pool during the beginning of September 2011 . The Chinese Bunkhouse at the Steveston Shipyards in Richmond , BC was the location of the Wilderness Explorers cabin for Troop 133 . During filming , stars Zachary Gordon and Robert Capron , were seen riding the Corkscrew at Playland at Vancouver 's fair , the PNE . A poster was leaked in March 2012 . A teaser trailer was attached to The Three Stooges . An advance screening for the film was held on July 31 , 2012 . </P> <H2> Critical reception ( edit ) </H2> <P> On Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , the film has an approval rating of 51 % based on 71 reviews and an average rating of 5.5 / 10 . The site 's critical consensus reads , `` Overly familiar and a bit too reliant on slapstick , the sitcom - like Dog Days fails to improve upon previous installments and will likely appeal to few outside its target audience . '' On Metacritic , the film has a score of 54 out of 100 based on 22 critics , indicating `` mixed or average reviews '' . Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of `` A − '' on an A+ to F scale . </P> <P> Abby West of Entertainment Weekly gave the film a B+ and wrote `` Though often self - centered and conniving , Greg remains a likable kid , and the movie entertains by pulling off over-the - top scenarios that set up digestible life lessons for youngsters . '' </P> <H2> Accolades ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Year </Th> <Th> Award </Th> <Th> Category </Th> <Th> Recipient ( s ) </Th> <Th> Result </Th> <Th> Ref . </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2013 </Td> <Td> Nickelodeon Kids ' Choice Awards </Td> <Td> Favorite Movie </Td> <Td> Diary of a Wimpy Kid : Dog Days </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Favorite Movie Actor </Td> <Td> Zachary Gordon </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2013 </Td> <Td> Young Artist Awards </Td> <Td> Best Performance in a Feature Film - Leading Young Actor </Td> <Td> Zachary Gordon </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting Young Actor </Td> <Td> Robert Capron </Td> <Td> Won </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting Young Actor </Td> <Td> Karan Brar </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting Young Actress </Td> <Td> Laine MacNeil </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting Young Actor Ten and Under </Td> <Td> Connor & Owen Fielding </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting Young Actress Ten and Under </Td> <Td> Dalila Bela </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Ensemble Cast </Td> <Td> Zachary Gordon , Robert Capron , Peyton List , Karan Brar , Laine MacNeil , Connor & Owen Fielding , Devon Bostick , Grayson Russell </Td> <Td> Won </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Home media ( edit ) </H2> <P> Diary of a Wimpy Kid : Dog Days was released on iTunes on December 4 , 2012 . It was released on DVD and Blu - ray in the United States on December 18 , 2012 . </P> <P> It was released on Redbox on January 15 , 2013 . </P> <P> An animated short film set after the events of Dog Days , Diary of a Wimpy Kid : Class Clown , was released on the home media release of Dog Days , with Zachary Gordon reprising his role as Greg Heffley , and archival audio of various other cast members from Dog Days covering the film . </P> <H2> Sequel ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Diary of a Wimpy Kid : The Long Haul ( film ) <P> At the time of its release , Dog Days was described as the last live - action film in the franchise . In August 2012 , while doing press for the film , Jeff Kinney , Zachary Gordon and Robert Capron each indicated that there were no plans for a fourth film , but did not dismiss the possibility entirely . Kinney replied to inquiries regarding the possibility of another sequel , stating , `` At present , we do n't have a fourth film in development , but you never know ! '' </P> <P> And when describing the likelihood of starring in another film in the series , Gordon explained , `` ( Dog Days ) most likely will be the last movie . The main problem is ( the cast ) is getting older . You ca n't stop it . There 's no way to temporarily stop us from changing and growing up . You know , that 's the problem because the characters are supposed to be timeless . '' In March 2013 , Zachary Gordon stated in a Spreecast live stream that there would not be a fourth live - action film . Jeff Kinney has indicated that instead of doing a live - action film of the sixth novel Cabin Fever , he would like to see it adapted into an animated film , stating in an interview , `` I hope that it gets made into an animated movie . I 'd really like to see it turn into an animated television special . '' </P> <P> On July 29 , 2016 , it was announced that a new movie

The Diary of a Wimpy Kid movie was filmed in

Where was the diary of a wimpy kid filmed?

-3170493396531530980

Humble and Kind - wikipedia <H1> Humble and Kind </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` Humble and Kind '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by Tim McGraw </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> from the album Damn Country Music </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> January 20 , 2016 ( 2016 - 01 - 20 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Format </Th> <Td> Digital download </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Country </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 4 : 20 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Big Machine </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Lori McKenna </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Byron Gallimore </Li> <Li> Tim McGraw </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Tim McGraw singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Lovin ' Lately '' ( 2016 ) </Td> <Td> `` Humble and Kind '' ( 2016 ) </Td> <Td> `` How I 'll Always Be '' ( 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Lovin ' Lately '' ( 2016 ) </Td> <Td> `` Humble and Kind '' ( 2016 ) </Td> <Td> `` How I 'll Always Be '' ( 2016 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> `` Humble and Kind '' is a song written by Lori McKenna and first released by American singer Tim McGraw on January 20 , 2016 , as the second single from his 14th studio album , Damn Country Music . McKenna later recorded her rendition of the song for her eighth studio album , The Bird and the Rifle , released in July 2016 . Among several other wins and nominations , the song won the award for Best Country Song at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards , `` Video of the Year '' at the 2016 CMT Music Awards , `` Song of the Year '' at 2016 CMA Awards and `` Country Song of the Year '' at 2016 American Music Awards . It has been certified platinum and reached the number one position on the country music charts in both Canada and the United States . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Production </Li> <Li> 2 Lori McKenna version </Li> <Li> 3 Music video </Li> <Li> 4 Promotion </Li> <Li> 5 Book </Li> <Li> 6 Critical response <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Accolades </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Commercial performance </Li> <Li> 8 Charts and certifications <Ul> <Li> 8.1 Charts </Li> <Li> 8.2 Year - end charts </Li> <Li> 8.3 Certifications </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> Lori McKenna wrote `` Humble and Kind '' . <P> The song was written by Lori McKenna . In an interview with CMT published in July 2016 , McKenna revealed the song was written for her husband and their five kids and is her list of all the things she wanted to make sure she 'd told them . </P> <P> McGraw and frequent collaborator Byron Gallimore co-produced the song . </P> <H2> Lori McKenna version ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . ( November 2017 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> On July 8 , 2016 , Lori McKenna released her rendition of `` Humble and Kind '' as a single from her album , The Bird and the Rifle , released on July 29 , 2016 . </P> <H2> Music video ( edit ) </H2> Oprah Winfrey provided footage for the song 's music video . <P> McGraw released the video to the song on his Facebook page on January 21 , 2016 . At the time of the video release , the song was expected to be released as the second single from the album in early February . The video was the result of a brainstorm McGraw had while running on a treadmill and seeing a 30 - second trailer for Oprah Winfrey 's Belief series . After taking some initiative , McGraw got Winfrey to avail footage for the video . The video , which was directed by Wes Edwards , featured scenes from around the world from Winfrey 's fall 2015 documentary series . The video won the top honor , `` Video of the Year '' , at the 2016 CMT Music Awards . </P> <H2> Promotion ( edit ) </H2> <P> The song and video of `` Humble and Kind '' has its own website ( http://stayhumbleandkind.com ) intended to gather related stories about acts of kindness that have been shared with the hashtag # stayhumbleandkind . The day after the music video was released , Winfrey tweeted her approval of the video , saying `` TIM , I love this song . Every word feels true . '' McGraw performed the song on the April 3 , 2016 ACM Awards . </P> <H2> Book ( edit ) </H2> <P> A bound edition of `` Humble and Kind '' was released on May 17 , 2016 , in conjunction with graduation season by Hachette Books . In addition to the lyrics and illustrations , the book edition features an introduction by McGraw and an epilogue by McKenna . McGraw pledged his book proceeds to the Neighbor 's Keeper Fund of the Community Foundation of Middle Tennessee . </P> <H2> Critical response ( edit ) </H2> <P> Chris Parton of Country Weekly described `` Humble and Kind '' 's video as `` the touching , lump - in - your - throat '' kind . Stephen L. Betts of Rolling Stone described the video as one that takes `` universal scenes of faith and life and combines them with an understated performance from McGraw , captured by a 360 - degree turntable lighting rig '' . According to Christina Vinson of Townsquare Media 's blog site , The Boot , the video , which presents a song from the perspective of `` a parent sending their child into the world '' , will resonate across a wide - ranging audience . McGraw , who has three daughters with his wife Faith Hill had just sent his oldest daughter off to college in the fall before the song was released . </P> <H3> Accolades ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Year </Th> <Th> Association </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> Result </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2016 </Td> <Td> CMT Music Awards </Td> <Td> Video of the Year </Td> <Td> Won </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> CMA Awards </Td> <Td> Song of the Year </Td> <Td> Won </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> American Music Awards </Td> <Td> Favorite Country Song </Td> <Td> Won </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2017 </Td> <Td> Grammy Awards </Td> <Td> Best Country Song </Td> <Td> Won </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> ACM Awards </Td> <Td> Video of the Year </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Single Record of the Year </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Song of the Year </Td> <Td> Nominated </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Commercial performance ( edit ) </H2> <P> `` Humble and Kind '' first entered Billboard 's Hot Country Songs chart at No. 45 for chart dated February 6 , 2016 . In late March , the song became McGraw 's fifty - second Top 10 country hit . This places him in twelfth place among artists with the most Top 10s in the seventy - plus year history of Billboard 's Country chart . Tim McGraw performed the song at the 2016 ACM Awards , which pushed its sales to 64,000 for the week , as well as the song 's ranking to No. 1 on the Hot Country Songs , his 26th No. 1 on the chart . The single was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America on September 20 , 2016 . The song reached its million sales mark in December 2016 , and has sold 1,252,000 copies in the US as of January 2018 . </P> <P> The song is McGraw 's 32nd Top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100 . </P> <H2> Charts and certifications ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> <H3> Charts ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2016 ) </Th> <Th> Peak position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Canada ( Canadian Hot 100 ) </Td> <Td> 37 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Canada Country ( Billboard ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Billboard Hot 100 </Td> <Td> 30 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Country Airplay ( Billboard ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> US Hot Country Songs ( Billboard ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <H3> Year - end charts ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2016 ) </Th> <Th> Position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Billboard Hot 100 </Th> <Td> 96 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) </Th> <Td> 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Country Airplay ( Billboard ) </Th> <Td> 19 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Hot Country Songs ( Billboard ) </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> Certifications ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Region </Th> <Th> Certification </Th> <Th> Certified units / Sales </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Canada ( Music Canada ) </Th> <Td> Gold </Td> <Td> 40,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> United States ( RIAA ) </Th> <Td> 2xPlatinum </Td> <Td> 1,252,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> <P> sales figures based on certification alone shipments figures based on certification alone sales + streaming figures based on certification alone </P> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by `` You Should Be Here '' by Cole Swindell </Td> <Td> Billboard Hot Country Songs number - one single April 23 , 2016 </Td> <Td> Succeeded by `` Somewhere on a Beach '' by Dierks Bentley </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by `` Somewhere on a Beach '' by Dierks Bentley </Td> <Td> Billboard Canada Country number - one single May 28 , 2016 </Td> <Td> Succeeded by `` T - Shirt '' by Thomas Rhett </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by `` T - Shirt '' by Thomas Rhett </Td> <Td> Billboard Country Airplay number - one single June 25 , 2016 </Td> <Td> Succeeded by `` Huntin ' , Fishin ' and Lovin ' Every Day '' by Luke Bryan </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Damn Country Music - Tim McGraw '' . Allmusic . Retrieved February 23 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Bonaguro , Alison ( July 7 , 2016 ) . `` '' Humble and Kind '' Meant Spaghetti Day for Lori McKenna `` . CMT . Retrieved July 13 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Betts , Stephen L. ( January 21 , 2016 ) . `` See Tim McGraw 's Oprah - Assisted ' Humble and Kind ' Video '' . Rolling Stone . Retrieved January 22 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Skates , Sarah ( September 15 , 2015 ) . `` Tim McGraw Says ' Damn Country Music ' On Upcoming Album '' . Music Row . Retrieved January 22 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Parton , Clint ( January 21 , 2016 ) . `` Tim McGraw 's Touching `` Humble and Kind '' Music Video `` . Country Weekly . Retrieved January 22 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Chestang , Raphael ( January 20 , 2016 ) . `` EXCLUSIVE : Tim McGraw Explains the Role Oprah Winfrey Had in Making His ' Humble and Kind ' Music Video '' . ETonline . Retrieved January 22 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Tim McGraw wins for ' Humble and Kind ' video '' . The Washington Post . June 9 , 2016 . Retrieved June 15 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Tim McGraw Shares Message Of ' Humble And Kind ' ''

The song "Always Be Humble and Kind" was written by

Who wrote the song always be humble and kind?

-1285885938956879930

1080i ( 16 : 9 HDTV ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Audio format </Th> <Td> Dolby Digital 5.1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> April 17 , 2011 ( 2011 - 04 - 17 ) -- present </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Related shows </Th> <Td> After the Thrones Thronecast </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> External links </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> www.hbo.com/game-of-thrones </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production website </Th> <Td> www.makinggameofthrones.com </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D.B. Weiss . It is an adaptation of A Song of Ice and Fire , George R.R. Martin 's series of fantasy novels , the first of which is A Game of Thrones . It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom , Canada , Croatia , Iceland , Malta , Morocco , Spain , and the United States . The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17 , 2011 , and its seventh season ended on August 27 , 2017 . The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering either in 2018 or 2019 . </P> <P> Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos , Game of Thrones has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs . The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne . The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm 's deposed ruling dynasty , exiled and plotting a return to the throne . The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north , and an impending winter that threatens the realm . </P> <P> Game of Thrones has attracted record viewership on HBO and has a broad , active , international fan base . It has been acclaimed by critics , particularly for its acting , complex characters , story , scope , and production values , although its frequent use of nudity and violence ( including sexual violence ) has been criticized . The series has received 38 Primetime Emmy Awards , including Outstanding Drama Series in 2015 and 2016 , more than any other primetime scripted television series . Its other awards and nominations include three Hugo Awards for Best Dramatic Presentation ( 2012 -- 2014 ) , a 2011 Peabody Award , and four nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Drama ( 2012 and 2015 -- 2017 ) . Of the ensemble cast , Peter Dinklage has won two Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series ( 2011 and 2015 ) and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Series , Miniseries or Television Film ( 2012 ) for his performance as Tyrion Lannister . Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke , Kit Harington , Maisie Williams , Diana Rigg , and Max von Sydow have also received Primetime Emmy Award nominations for their performances in the series . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Setting </Li> <Li> 1.2 Themes </Li> <Li> 1.3 Inspirations and derivations </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Cast and characters </Li> <Li> 3 Production <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Conception and development </Li> <Li> 3.2 Casting </Li> <Li> 3.3 Writing </Li> <Li> 3.4 Adaptation schedule </Li> <Li> 3.5 Filming </Li> <Li> 3.6 Directing </Li> <Li> 3.7 Technical aspects </Li> <Li> 3.8 Costumes </Li> <Li> 3.9 Makeup </Li> <Li> 3.10 Visual effects </Li> <Li> 3.11 Sound </Li> <Li> 3.12 Title sequence </Li> <Li> 3.13 Music </Li> <Li> 3.14 Language </Li> <Li> 3.15 Effect on location </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Availability <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Broadcast </Li> <Li> 4.2 Home video </Li> <Li> 4.3 Copyright infringement </Li> <Li> 4.4 IMAX </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Reception and achievements <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Cultural influence </Li> <Li> 5.2 Critical response <Ul> <Li> 5.2. 1 Sex and violence </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.3 Fandom </Li> <Li> 5.4 Awards and accolades </Li> <Li> 5.5 Viewer numbers </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Other media and products <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Video games </Li> <Li> 6.2 Merchandise and exhibition </Li> <Li> 6.3 Accompanying material </Li> <Li> 6.4 Spin - offs </Li> <Li> 6.5 Histories and Lore </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background </H2> Main article : List of Game of Thrones episodes See also : Synopsis of A Song of Ice and Fire Power and violence are central themes of Game of Thrones , and the number of weapons made for the series ( some of which are shown here ) reflects this . <H3> Setting </H3> Main article : World of A Song of Ice and Fire <P> Game of Thrones is roughly based on the storylines of A Song of Ice and Fire , set in the fictional Seven Kingdoms of Westeros and the continent of Essos . The series chronicles the violent dynastic struggles among the realm 's noble families for the Iron Throne , while other families fight for independence from it . It opens with additional threats in the icy North and Essos in the east . </P> <P> Showrunner David Benioff jokingly suggested `` The Sopranos in Middle - earth '' as Game of Thrones ' tagline , referring to its intrigue - filled plot and dark tone in a fantasy setting of magic and dragons . In a 2012 study of deaths per episode , it ranked second out of 40 recent U.S. TV drama series ( with an average of 14 ) . </P> <H3> Themes </H3> Main article : Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire <P> The series is generally praised for what is perceived as a sort of medieval realism . George R.R. Martin set out to make the story feel more like historical fiction than contemporary fantasy , with less emphasis on magic and sorcery and more on battles , political intrigue , and the characters , believing that magic should be used moderately in the epic fantasy genre . Martin has stated that `` the true horrors of human history derive not from orcs and Dark Lords , but from ourselves . '' </P> <P> A common theme in the fantasy genre is the battle between good and evil , which Martin says does not mirror the real world . Just like people 's capacity for good and for evil in real life , Martin explores the questions of redemption and character change . The show allows the audience to view different characters from their perspective , unlike in many other fantasies , and thus the supposed villains can provide their side of the story . Benioff said , `` George brought a measure of harsh realism to high fantasy . He introduced gray tones into a black - and - white universe . '' </P> <P> In early seasons , under the influence of the A Song of Ice and Fire books , main characters were regularly killed off , and this was credited with developing tension among viewers . Later seasons , however , critics pointed out that certain characters had developed `` plot armor '' , attributing this to the show 's deviating from the books and becoming more of a traditional television series . The series also reflects the substantial death rates in war . </P> <H3> Inspirations and derivations </H3> <P> Although the first season closely follows the events of the first novel , later seasons have made significant changes . According to David Benioff , the show is `` about adapting the series as a whole and following the map George laid out for us and hitting the major milestones , but not necessarily each of the stops along the way '' . </P> <P> Tom Holland of The Guardian believes that the novels and their adaptations base aspects of their settings , characters , and plot on events in European history . Most of Westeros is reminiscent of high medieval Europe , from lands and cultures , to the palace intrigue , feudal system , castles , and knightly tournaments . A principal inspiration for the novels is the English Wars of the Roses ( 1455 -- 85 ) between the houses of Lancaster and York , reflected in Martin 's houses of Lannister and Stark . The scheming Cersei Lannister evokes Isabella , the `` she - wolf of France '' ( 1295 -- 1358 ) ; Isabella and her family ( particularly as portrayed in Maurice Druon 's historical - novel series , The Accursed Kings ) were also a main inspiration for Martin . </P> <P> Holland further proposes that other historical antecedents of series elements include Hadrian 's Wall ( which becomes Martin 's Wall ) , the legend of Atlantis ( ancient Valyria ) , Byzantine Greek fire ( `` wildfire '' ) , Icelandic sagas of the Viking Age ( the Ironborn ) , the Mongol hordes ( the Dothraki ) , the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 -- 1453 ) and the Italian Renaissance ( c. 1400 -- 1500 ) . The series ' popularity has been attributed , in part , to Martin 's skill at fusing these elements into a seamless , credible version of alternate history . Martin acknowledges , `` I take ( history ) and I file off the serial numbers and I turn it up to 11 . '' </P> <H2> Cast and characters </H2> Main article : List of Game of Thrones characters Peter Dinklage ( Tyrion Lannister ) has led the principal cast since season two <P> Game of Thrones has an ensemble cast estimated to be the largest on television ; during its third season , 257 cast names were recorded . In 2014 , several actor contracts were renegotiated to include a seventh - season option , with raises which reportedly made them among the highest - paid performers on cable TV . In 2016 , it was reported that several actor contracts were again renegotiated , with five of the main cast members having increased their salary to £ 2 million per episode for the last two seasons , which would make them the highest paid actors on television . The main cast is listed below . </P> <P> Lord Eddard `` Ned '' Stark ( Sean Bean ) is the head of House Stark , whose members are involved in plot lines throughout most of the series . He and his wife , Catelyn Tully ( Michelle Fairley ) , have five children : Robb ( Richard Madden ) , the eldest , followed by Sansa ( Sophie Turner ) , Arya ( Maisie Williams ) , Bran ( Isaac Hempstead - Wright ) and Rickon ( Art Parkinson ) , the youngest . Ned 's illegitimate son Jon Snow ( Kit Harington ) and his friend , Samwell Tarly ( John Bradley ) , serve in the Night 's Watch under Lord Commander Jeor Mormont ( James Cosmo ) . The Wildlings living north of the Wall include young Gilly ( Hannah Murray ) , and warriors Tormund Giantsbane ( Kristofer Hivju ) and Ygritte ( Rose Leslie ) . </P> <P> Others associated with House Stark include Ned 's ward Theon Greyjoy ( Alfie Allen ) , his vassal Roose Bolton ( Michael McElhatton ) , and Bolton 's bastard son , Ramsay Snow ( Iwan Rheon ) . Robb falls in love with the healer Talisa Maegyr ( Oona Chaplin ) , and Arya befriends blacksmith 's apprentice Gendry ( Joe Dempsie ) and assassin Jaqen H'ghar ( Tom Wlaschiha ) . The tall warrior Brienne of Tarth ( Gwendoline Christie ) serves Catelyn and , later , Sansa . </P> <P> In King 's Landing , the capital ,

The time setting of Game of Thrones is

What is the time setting of game of thrones?

-2281675922136458544

Arsenic and Old Lace ( play ) - Wikipedia <H1> Arsenic and Old Lace ( play ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( December 2008 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Arsenic and Old Lace </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> First edition , 1941 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Written by </Th> <Td> Joseph Kesselring </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Characters </Th> <Td> Mortimer Brewster Martha Brewster Abby Brewster Teddy Brewster Jonathan Brewster The Rev. Dr. Harper Elaine Harper Dr. Einstein </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date premiered </Th> <Td> January 10 , 1941 ( 1941 - January - 10 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Place premiered </Th> <Td> Fulton Theatre , Broadway </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Dark Comedy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Setting </Th> <Td> The living room of the Brewster home in Brooklyn . The Present . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Arsenic and Old Lace is a play written by American playwright Joseph Kesselring , written in 1939 . It has become best known through the subsequent film adaptation starring Cary Grant and directed by Frank Capra . </P> <P> The play was directed by Bretaigne Windust , and opened on Broadway at the Fulton Theatre on January 10 , 1941 . On September 25 , 1943 , the play moved to the Hudson Theatre . It closed there on June 17 , 1944 , having played 1,444 performances . </P> <P> Of the twelve plays written by Kesselring , Arsenic and Old Lace was the most successful , and , according to the opening night review in The New York Times , the play was `` so funny that none of us will ever forget it . '' </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Cast </Li> <Li> 3 Inspiration </Li> <Li> 4 TV adaptation </Li> <Li> 5 Revivals </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 Further reading </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> <Li> 9 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> Boris Karloff as Jonathan Brewster <P> The play is a farcical black comedy revolving around the Brewster family , descended from the Mayflower , but now composed of insane homicidal maniacs . The hero , Mortimer Brewster , is a drama critic who must deal with his crazy , homicidal family and local police in Brooklyn , New York , as he debates whether to go through with his recent promise to marry the woman he loves . </P> <P> His family includes two spinster aunts who have taken to murdering lonely old men by poisoning them with a glass of home - made elderberry wine laced with arsenic , strychnine , and `` just a pinch '' of cyanide ; a brother who believes he is Theodore Roosevelt and digs locks for the Panama Canal in the cellar of the Brewster home ( which then serve as graves for the aunts ' victims ; he thinks that they died of yellow fever ) ; and a murderous brother who has received plastic surgery performed by an alcoholic accomplice , Dr. Einstein ( a character based on real - life gangland surgeon Joseph Moran ) to conceal his identity , and now looks like horror - film actor Boris Karloff ( a self - referential joke , as the part was originally played on Broadway by Karloff ) . </P> <P> The film adaptation follows the same basic plot , with a few minor changes . </P> <P> August Strindberg is referenced by the character Mortimer Brewster when he compares the stories of his eccentric , and frequently murderous and disturbed , family as being as if `` ... Strindberg wrote Hellzapoppin ' . '' </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <P> The opening night cast consisted of : </P> Erich von Stroheim replaced Boris Karloff as Jonathan Brewster in the original Broadway production <Ul> <Li> Jean Adair as Martha Brewster </Li> <Li> John Alexander as Teddy Brewster </Li> <Li> Wyrley Birch as The Rev. Dr. Harper </Li> <Li> Helen Brooks as Elaine Harper </Li> <Li> Bruce Gordon as Officer Klein </Li> <Li> Henry Herbert as Mr. Gibbs </Li> <Li> Josephine Hull as Abby Brewster </Li> <Li> Allyn Joslyn as Mortimer Brewster </Li> <Li> Boris Karloff as Jonathan Brewster </Li> <Li> William Parke as Mr. Witherspoon </Li> <Li> John Quigg as Officer Brophy </Li> <Li> Anthony Ross as Officer O'Hara </Li> <Li> Edgar Stehli as Dr. Einstein </Li> <Li> Victor Sutherland as Lieutenant Rooney </Li> </Ul> <H2> Inspiration ( edit ) </H2> <P> When Kesselring taught at Bethel College in North Newton , Kansas , he lived in a boarding house called the Goerz House , and many of the features of its living room are reflected in the Brewster sisters ' living room , where the action of the play is set . The Goerz House is now the home of the college president . </P> <P> Bethel College was a school of the pacifist Mennonite church . The play appeared at a time of strong isolationist sentiment regarding European affairs . </P> <P> The `` murderous old lady '' plot line may also have been inspired by actual events that occurred in a house on Prospect St in Windsor , Connecticut , where a woman , Amy Archer - Gilligan , took in boarders , promising `` lifetime care '' , and poisoned them for their pensions . M. William Phelps book The Devil 's Rooming House tells the story of the police officers and reporters from the Hartford Courant who solved the case . Kesselring originally conceived the play as a heavy drama , but it is widely believed that producers Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse ( who were also well known as play doctors ) convinced Kesselring that it would be much more effective as a comedy . </P> <H2> TV adaptation ( edit ) </H2> <P> On January 5 , 1955 , a 60 - minute version of the play aired on the CBS Television series The Best of Broadway . It starred Boris Karloff recreating his stage role as homicidal maniac Jonathan Brewster . Helen Hayes and Billie Burke played his not - so - innocent aunts , Abby and Martha . Peter Lorre and Edward Everett Horton repeated their roles as Dr. Einstein and Mr. Witherspoon which they had played in Frank Capra 's film version . John Alexander , who created the role of Teddy Brewster on Broadway and reprised it in the film version , returned once more to play the role in the broadcast . Orson Bean played the role of Mortimer Brewster . </P> <P> Karloff played Jonathan once more ( and for the last time ) on the February 5 , 1962 broadcast of NBC 's Hallmark Hall of Fame . Dorothy Stickney and Mildred Natwick played Abby and Martha . Ironically , Joseph Kesselring sent his original play `` Bodies in Our Cellar '' to Stickney when she was starring opposite her husband Howard Lindsay on Broadway in Life With Father with a view to her playing Abby Brewster . It would be 23 years before she would finally play the part . Tony Randall played Mortimer in the Hallmark production and Tom Bosley played Teddy . </P> <P> In 1969 , Robert Scheerer directed a TV version for ABC Movie of the Week , with Helen Hayes and Lillian Gish as the elderly aunts , Bob Crane as Mortimer , Fred Gwynne as Jonathan and David Wayne as Teddy . </P> <H2> Revivals ( edit ) </H2> Jezinky a bezinky , a Czech translation of the play in performance by the Brno City Theatre in 2012 <P> Later revivals in the 1940 's and 1950 's had Bela Lugosi playing the role of Jonathan Brewster with box office returns reflecting better sales than when Boris Karloff traveled through the same cities . </P> <P> In 1965 , Sybil Thorndike , Athene Seyler and Richard Briers appeared in the play in London . The play is still widely performed and has been translated into many languages , including a Russian film . A Broadway revival of the play ran from June 26 , 1986 , to January 3 , 1987 , at the 46th Street Theatre in New York , starring Polly Holliday , Jean Stapleton , Tony Roberts and Abe Vigoda . A recent revival was mounted in February 2011 at the Dallas Theater Center starring Betty Buckley and Tovah Feldshuh . A Hebrew version was staged at the Habima Theatre in Tel Aviv with the opening night on October 29 , 2012 , with Lea Koenig and Dvora Kaydar in the main roles . On November 19 , 2016 , Independent Theatre Pakistan opened their new season with a rendition of the performance at Ali Auditorium in Lahore , Pakistan . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> White Anglo - Saxon Protestant # In popular culture </Li> </Ul> <H2> Further reading ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Matthew C. Gunter ( 2012 ) . The Capra Touch : A Study of the Director 's Hollywood Classics and War Documentaries , 1934 - 1945 . McFarland . pp. 49 -- 51 . </Li> <Li> `` There 's a Body in the Window - Seat , a history of Arsenic and Old Lace , America 's Most Beloved Farce '' by playwright and author Charles Dennis is to be published by Asahina & Wallace in 2017 . </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Arsenic and Old Lace at the Internet Broadway Database </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Arsenic and Old Lace '' , Brooks Atkinson , The New York Times , 11 January 1941 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Erich von Stroheim at the Internet Broadway Database </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Keith L. Sprunger , `` Another Look Another Look : Joseph Kesselring , Bethel College , and the Origins of Arsenic and Old Lace , Menonnite Life ( May , 2013 ) . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Leavenworth , Jessica ( 21 March 2010 ) . `` ' Devil 's Rooming House ' Examines ' Arsenic And Old Lace ' Killings ( Interview ) '' . Hartford Courant . Retrieved 20 April 2015 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Arsenic and Old Lace ( 1969 ) on IMDb </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Rhodes , Gary ( 2007 ) . Bela Lugosi : Dreams and Nightmares . Collectables Press . ISBN 0977379817 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Kaffenberger , Bill ; Rhodes , Gary ( 2012 ) . No Traveler Returns : The Lost Years of Bela Lugosi . BearManor Media . ISBN 1593932855 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Kaffenberger , Bill ; Rhodes , Gary ( 2015 ) . Bela Lugosi In Person . BearManor Media . ISBN 1593938055 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Buckley and Feldshuh shine in Arsenic and Old Lace '' , Lawson Taitte , The Dallas Morning News , February 11 , 2011 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Arsenic & Old Lace : Play Highlights ( LGS 15 - C & ITP Collaboration ) '' . Daily Pakistan . Retrieved 2016 - 11 - 25 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Plot summary for Arsenic and Old Lace ( 1944 film ) , IMDB </Li> <Li> 1952 Best Plays radio adaptation at Internet Archive </Li> </Ul> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arsenic_and_Old_Lace_(play)&oldid=817689703 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Plays by Joseph Kesselring </Li> <Li> 1939 plays </Li> <Li> Broadway plays </Li> <Li> American plays adapted into films </Li> <Li> Plays set in New York City </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Internet Broadway Database person ID not in Wikidata </Li> <Li> Articles with IBDb links </Li> <Li> Articles

The play "Arsenic and Old Lace" takes place in

Where does arsenic and old lace take place?

-7653704780880979706

<P> Nicholas Flamel -- The title character , an alchemyst . Along with his wife , Perenelle , he has lived for nearly 700 years searching for Josh and Sophie Newman , the Gold and Silver twins of legend , who can save the Shadowrealm of Earth from the mad Dr. John Dee and the Dark Elders who seek to destroy it . Flamel is a legend who built his fortune through alchemy , which he uses to amazing effect to combat the horrors Dee sends after the twins and himself . Despite good intentions , however , he is not without flaws , and seeks recompense by training Josh and Sophie . </P> <P> Josh Newman -- The Gold twin of legend . Awakened by Mars Ultor , Josh is a lover of history and a natural strategist . However , he is suspicious of Nicholas Flamel , due to his not telling them of the previous twins ' demise , a fact that causes Josh to ultimately shift alliances , though he remains cautious of Dee . Eventually , he sides with Flamel . </P> <P> Sophie Newman -- The Silver twin of legend . Awakened by Hekate ( the Goddess of Three Faces ) , and later trained by The Witch of Endor , who infuses her memories and experiences into her . Sophie is protective of Josh and more patient , though she is also horrified by the twins ' fates . She decides to side with the Flamels to save Earth , but seeks out her brother eventually . </P> <P> Dr. John Dee -- The main antagonist . An English magician and necromancer who formerly advised Queen Elizabeth I , he seeks to bring back to Earth the Dark Elders , who wish to destroy and rebuild it . However , after he is declared utlaga , or outlaw , for failing them , he decides to use the four swords of power -- Excalibur , Clarent , Joyeuse and Durendal -- to go back in time to Danu Talis and destroy them , convincing Josh to join his side with the promise of a renewed Earth . Eventually he sides with the Flamels but by then it is too late . </P> <P> Perenelle Flamel -- The wife of Nicholas , and a powerful sorceress . Being the seventh daughter of a seventh daughter , she can contact ghosts and has a long - standing feud with Machiavelli . Many have suggested , correctly , that she is much more powerful than Nicholas , as she has proven as she tries to save San Francisco from the horrors on nearby Alcatraz . </P> <P> Niccolò Machiavelli -- A renowned Italian philosopher and eventual warlock , or waerlaga , who is tasked with releasing an army from Alcatraz after helping Dee in Paris . He and Josh have an understanding , as they are both human in spirit , a trait which he later shares with Billy the Kid . This trait causes Machiavelli to re-evaluate his opinions of the Dark Elders and reform and break his oaths to them , choosing not to release the monsters on the humani . </P> <P> Scathach - The Celtic goddess of the war . She has a grey aura . She is an Elder of the 2nd generation and a vegetarian vampire . She is approximately 10000 years old but seems to have 17 of it and claims 2000 . She will accompany the alchemist and the twins in their adventures but will be taken by Dagon in the Seine . It is the great friend of Joan of Arc , that she educated . She was the creator of most of the martial arts and formed the biggest Heroes of the History . To have helped the human beings during the Fall of Danu Talis , she was rejected by her family before saving their life a few years later . She speaks few his parents and her brother . She has a twin sister ( Aifé ) but they would have long ago become muddled because of a boy , they do not speak to each other any more . Scathach is also called `` the Shadow '' , the `` Goddess Warrior '' , `` the King Maker '' , `` the Warrior Maiden '' `` the Daemon Slayer '' and Scatty . Her grandmother is the Witch of Endor , her presumed grandfather being Mars Ultor . </P> <H2> Titles ' significance ( edit ) </H2> <P> On 1 July 2012 Michael Scott issued this statement incontrovertibly naming the title characters so far . </P> <P> `` Each book in the series is named after a character . Some are easy to guess ( The Alchemyst is Flamel , for example ) , but others require a closer reading of the text . So here , to avoid endless Wikipedia changes , is the ( almost ) definitive list . </P> <Ul> <Li> The Alchemyst is Nicholas Flamel . </Li> <Li> The Magician is Dr. John Dee . </Li> <Li> The Sorceress is Perenelle Flamel . </Li> <Li> The Necromancer is Josh Newman . </Li> <Li> The Warlock is Niccolo Machiavelli . </Li> <Li> The Enchantress is Sophie Newman . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Special editions and cover variations ( edit ) </H2> <P> On 5 August 2010 in the UK Necromancer was released featuring a new - style cover ; it was joined by The Alchemyst , The Magician and The Sorceress which were re-released with new covers in the same style . </P> The alternative covers , for the UK editions . <P> The Alchemyst , The Magician and The Sorceress were released as a special edition boxed set called The First Codex in the USA on 28 September 2010 . </P> The First Codex , USA box set . <H2> Series chronology ( edit ) </H2> <P> In published order : </P> <Ul> <Li> The Alchemyst -- released on 24 May 2007 ( UK ) , 22 May 2007 ( US ) </Li> <Li> The Magician -- released on 5 June 2008 ( UK ) , 24 June 2008 ( US ) </Li> <Li> The Sorceress -- released on 25 June 2009 ( UK ) , 26 May 2009 ( US ) </Li> <Li> The Necromancer -- released on 25 May 2010 ( US ) , 5 August 2010 ( UK ) </Li> <Li> The Warlock -- released on 24 May 2011 ( US ) , 2 June 2011 ( UK ) </Li> <Li> The Enchantress -- released on 22 May 2012 </Li> </Ul> <H3> Side stories ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> `` The Death of Joan of Arc '' -- released 24 August 2010 in eBook format </Li> <Li> `` Billy the Kid and the Vampyres of Vegas : A Lost Story from the Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel '' -- released 22 November 2011 </Li> </Ul> <H2> Online games ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel series has spawned online games . The first related online game to be launched was The Codex Master The game is to guess a secret code consisting of a sequence of coloured orbs by inputting various sequences and using logic . When a sequence is entered , indicators show when the player has the right colour and also when a colour is in the right or wrong position to enable them to apply logic and guess the correct sequence . </P> <P> An online game was created to celebrate the release of The Sorceress . It was called The Challenges of the Elder and launched on 21 April 2009 . Players are guided through the game , which is a set of four challenges , by video scenes featuring Michael Scott . The first task , the Alchemyst 's challenge , required players to assemble a moving jigsaw of the series ' logo against a countdown clock . The second task , the Magician 's challenge , required players to turn over two books from a series of books and find matching symbols ; when a matching pair was found both books burst into flames and disappeared . The task was complete when all the books had been matched . The third task , the Sorceress ' challenge , was a colour sequencing game where players chose coloured flasks and would have to repeat the sequence that they were shown in . Players then advanced to meet The Elder , who asked them a set of knowledge questions about the books , and were given a ' coloured aura ranking ' calculated from their scores and time taken to complete the tasks . </P> <P> To promote the USA release of The Necromancer , Random House released an online game called The Quest for the Codex . Players were presented with a grid containing numbered squares and had to click on the squares to uncover hidden rewards , playing pieces and mini-games . When they completed the game they received online access to the first 6 chapters of The Necromancer . </P> <H2> Awards and nominations ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Alchemyst </P> <Ul> <Li> Irish Book of the Year -- 2008 </Li> <Li> Kentucky Bluegrass Book Award </Li> <Li> Maine Student Book Award </Li> <Li> Nevada Young Readers Award </Li> <Li> North Carolina School Library Media Association Young Adult Book Award -- 2010 </Li> <Li> Rhode Island Book Award -- 2008 ( bested 200 other titles that were entered ) </Li> </Ul> <P> The Magician </P> <Ul> <Li> 2009 Irish Book of the Year -- The Dublin Airport Authority Irish Children 's Book of the Year -- Snr Category </Li> </Ul> <P> The Sorceress </P> <Ul> <Li> Amazon -- Best Books of 2009 , Top 10 Children 's Books : Middle Readers </Li> <Li> Cybills ( Children and Young Bloggers Literary Awards ) -- 2009 Nominations , fantasy & science - fiction : Elementary / Middle Years </Li> </Ul> <H2> Audiobooks ( edit ) </H2> <P> The six titles have all been recorded as unabridged audiobooks . The Alchemyst was narrated by Denis O'Hare . The Magician was narrated by Erik Singer . The Sorceress , The Necromancer , The Warlock and The Enchantress were narrated by Paul Boehmer . </P> <H2> Film adaptation ( edit ) </H2> <P> Film rights were initially sold in 2006 to New Line Cinema and Mark Burnett Productions with Mark Burnett being named as the producer and Eric Bress as the script writer . The film was listed as in pre-production and reported at IMDb . Mention of the deal can still be found in the BBC archives . The rights reverted to Michael Scott and on 19 November 2009 it was announced in Variety that Lorenzo di Bonaventura had bought the film rights to the series . Michael Scott and Barry Krost were to be executive producers . </P> <P> `` Well , I have been promising news of the Flamel movie . Here 's the press release . The movie was set up with New Line , but New Line were absorbed by Warner and the rights reverted to me . There has been tremendous interest in the series and eventually , it went to Lorenzo di Bonaventura , who is the man responsible for bringing Harry Potter to Warner when he was there . He genuinely loves this series . The next step now is to attach a writer -- I will not write it , I have 3 more books to do ! '' Michael Scott </P> <P> On 21 June 2012 , it was announced that AMPCO Films had acquired the film rights . Production is set to begin in February 2013 in Australia and New Zealand . Michael Scott will write the screenplay , saying he would like it to be true to the books . </P> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Michael Scott . `` Michael Scott - The Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel - The Alchemyst '' . Dillonscott.com . Archived from the original on 18 September 2009 . Retrieved

The second book in the Alchemyst series is

What is the second book in the alchemyst series?

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List of Test cricket hat - tricks - wikipedia <H1> List of Test cricket hat - tricks </H1> Jump to : navigation , search English cricketer Stuart Broad took hat - tricks against India at Trent Bridge in 2011 and against Sri Lanka at Headingley in 2014 . <P> In the sport of cricket , a hat - trick is an occasion where a bowler takes three wickets in consecutive deliveries . As of 31 July 2017 , this feat has only been achieved 43 times in more than two thousand Test matches , the form of the sport in which national representative teams compete in matches of up to five days ' duration . The first Test hat - trick was recorded on 2 January 1879 , in only the third Test match to take place , by the Australian pace bowler Fred Spofforth , nicknamed `` The Demon Bowler '' , who dismissed three English batsmen with consecutive deliveries at the Melbourne Cricket Ground . The most recent bowler to achieve the feat was English spin bowler Moeen Ali against South Africa on 31 July 2017 . At least one bowler from each of the ten nations that have played Test cricket have taken a Test hat - trick . </P> <P> A player has taken two hat - tricks in the same Test match only once . Playing for Australia against South Africa in the first match of the 1912 Triangular Tournament at Old Trafford , Manchester , England , leg spinner Jimmy Matthews took a hat - trick in South Africa 's first and second innings , both taken on 28 May 1912 . He completed both hat - tricks by dismissing South Africa 's Tommy Ward . Only three other cricketers have taken more than one Test hat - trick : Australian off spinner Hugh Trumble ( two years apart , between the same teams at the same ground ) , Pakistani fast bowler Wasim Akram ( just over a week apart , in consecutive matches between the same teams ) and English fast bowler Stuart Broad . Three players have taken a hat - trick on their Test debut : English medium pace bowler Maurice Allom in 1930 , New Zealand off - spinner Peter Petherick in 1976 , and Australian pace bowler Damien Fleming in 1994 . Geoff Griffin took the fewest total Test wickets of any player who recorded a hat - trick , taking only eight wickets in his entire Test career . During the match in which he took his hat - trick , Griffin was repeatedly called for throwing by the umpires and never bowled again in a Test match . Australian Peter Siddle is the only bowler to take a hat - trick on his birthday , and Bangladeshi off spinner Sohag Gazi is the only player to score a century and take a hat - trick in the same Test match . </P> <P> Australian Merv Hughes is the only bowler to take a hat - trick where the wickets fell over three overs . He took a wicket with the final ball of an over . With the first ball of the next over he took the final wicket of the West Indies innings . He then removed the opener Gordon Greenidge with the first ball of the West Indies second innings . </P> <P> In the five - match series between a Rest of the World XI and England in 1970 , a hat - trick was taken by South African Eddie Barlow in the fourth match , at Headingley ( the last three of four wickets in five balls ) . These matches were considered to be Tests at the time , but that status was later removed . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Test hat - tricks </Li> <Li> 2 By team </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References <Ul> <Li> 4.1 General </Li> <Li> 4.2 Specific </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Test hat - tricks ( edit ) </H2> Australian bowler Fred Spofforth took the first hat - trick in Test cricket on 2 January 1879 , in only the third Test match . Billy Bates was the first player to take a hat - trick for England , four years after Spofforth achieved the feat . Hugh Trumble is one of only four players to take more than one Test hat - trick , achieving the feat in 1902 and 1904 . Courtney Walsh 's hat - trick in 1988 was spread across two innings . In Australia 's first innings he dismissed the last two batsmen with consecutive deliveries and then took a third wicket with the first ball of the second innings . Wasim Akram took two hat - tricks in the space of nine days in 1999 . When Peter Siddle took a hat - trick for Australia in 2010 , his final victim was Stuart Broad . Nine months later Broad himself would be the next man to take a Test match hat - trick . <Table> Key <Tr> <Th> Symbol </Th> <Th> Meaning </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Bowler </Th> <Td> The name of the bowler </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> For </Th> <Td> The team for which the bowler was playing </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Against </Th> <Td> The team against which the bowler was playing </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Inn . </Th> <Td> The innings ( first or second ) in which the hat - trick was achieved </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Test </Th> <Td> The number of the Test within the overall series between the two teams </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dismissals </Th> <Td> The three players dismissed by the bowler </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Venue </Th> <Td> The venue where the hat - trick was achieved </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> The date on which the hat - trick was achieved </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ref . </Th> <Td> Reference </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> List of Test cricket hat - tricks <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Bowler </Th> <Th> For </Th> <Th> Against </Th> <Th> Inn . </Th> <Th> Test </Th> <Th> Dismissals </Th> <Th> Venue </Th> <Th> Date </Th> <Th> Ref . </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Th> Spofforth , Fred Fred Spofforth </Th> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> England </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 / 1 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Vernon Royle ( b ) </Li> <Li> Francis MacKinnon ( b ) </Li> <Li> Tom Emmett ( c Tom Horan ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Melbourne Cricket Ground , Melbourne </Td> <Td> 2 January 1879 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Th> Bates , Billy Billy Bates </Th> <Td> England </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 2 / 3 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Percy McDonnell ( b ) </Li> <Li> George Giffen ( c and b ) </Li> <Li> George Bonnor ( c Walter Read ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Melbourne Cricket Ground , Melbourne </Td> <Td> 20 January 1883 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Th> Briggs , Johnny Johnny Briggs </Th> <Td> England </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 2 / 3 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Walter Giffen ( b ) </Li> <Li> Jack Blackham ( lbw ) </Li> <Li> Sydney Callaway ( c W.G. Grace ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Sydney Cricket Ground , Sydney </Td> <Td> 2 February 1892 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Th> Lohmann , George George Lohmann </Th> <Td> England </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 / 3 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Frederick Cook ( b ) </Li> <Li> Bonnor Middleton ( b ) </Li> <Li> Joseph Willoughby ( c Tom Hayward ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> St. George 's Park , Port Elizabeth </Td> <Td> 14 February 1896 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Th> Hearne , Jack Jack Hearne </Th> <Td> England </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 3 / 5 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Clem Hill ( b ) </Li> <Li> Syd Gregory ( c Archie MacLaren ) </Li> <Li> Monty Noble ( c Ranjitsinhji ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Headingley , Leeds </Td> <Td> 30 June 1899 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 </Td> <Th> Trumble , Hugh Hugh Trumble </Th> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> England </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 2 / 5 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> John Gunn ( c Sammy Jones ) </Li> <Li> Arthur Jones ( c Joe Darling ) </Li> <Li> Sydney Barnes ( c and b ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Melbourne Cricket Ground , Melbourne </Td> <Td> 4 January 1902 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 </Td> <Th> Trumble , Hugh Hugh Trumble </Th> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> England </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 5 / 5 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Bernard Bosanquet ( c Algy Gehrs ) </Li> <Li> Plum Warner ( c and b ) </Li> <Li> Dick Lilley ( lbw ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Melbourne Cricket Ground , Melbourne </Td> <Td> 8 March 1904 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 </Td> <Th> Matthews , Jimmy Jimmy Matthews </Th> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 / 3 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Rolland Beaumont ( b ) </Li> <Li> Sid Pegler ( lbw ) </Li> <Li> Tommy Ward ( lbw ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Old Trafford , Manchester </Td> <Td> 28 May 1912 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 </Td> <Th> Matthews , Jimmy Jimmy Matthews </Th> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 / 3 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Herbie Taylor ( b ) </Li> <Li> Reggie Schwarz ( c and b ) </Li> <Li> Tommy Ward ( c and b ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Old Trafford , Manchester </Td> <Td> 28 May 1912 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 </Td> <Th> Allom , Maurice Maurice Allom </Th> <Td> England </Td> <Td> New Zealand </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 / 4 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Tom Lowry ( lbw ) </Li> <Li> Ken James ( c Tich Cornford ) </Li> <Li> Ted Badcock ( b ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Lancaster Park , Christchurch </Td> <Td> 10 January 1930 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 </Td> <Th> Goddard , Tom Tom Goddard </Th> <Td> England </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 / 5 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Dudley Nourse ( c and b ) </Li> <Li> Norman Gordon ( st Leslie Ames ) </Li> <Li> Billy Wade ( b ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Old Wanderers , Johannesburg </Td> <Td> 26 December 1938 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 </Td> <Th> Loader , Peter Peter Loader </Th> <Td> England </Td> <Td> West Indies </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 4 / 5 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> John Goddard ( b ) </Li> <Li> Sonny Ramadhin ( c Fred Trueman ) </Li> <Li> Roy Gilchrist ( b ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Headingley , Leeds </Td> <Td> 25 July 1957 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 </Td> <Th> Kline , Lindsay Lindsay Kline </Th> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 2 / 5 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Eddie Fuller ( c Richie Benaud ) </Li> <Li> Hugh Tayfield ( lbw ) </Li> <Li> Neil Adcock ( c Bob Simpson ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Newlands , Cape Town </Td> <Td> 3 January 1958 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 </Td> <Th> Hall , Wes Wes Hall </Th> <Td> West Indies </Td> <Td> Pakistan </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 3 / 3 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Mushtaq Mohammed ( lbw ) </Li> <Li> Fazal Mahmood ( c Garfield Sobers ) </Li> <Li> Nasim - ul - Ghani ( b ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Bagh - e-Jinnah , Lahore </Td> <Td> 29 March 1959 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 </Td> <Th> Griffin , Geoff Geoff Griffin </Th> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> England </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 2 / 5 </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> M.J.K. Smith ( c John Waite ) </Li> <Li> Peter Walker ( b ) </Li> <Li> Fred Trueman ( b ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> Lord 's , London

The only bowler to take a hat-trick in both innings of a Test match is

Bowler to take hattrick in both inning in test match?

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Cricket bat - wikipedia <H1> Cricket bat </H1> Jump to : navigation , search A modern SG cricket bat ( back view ) <P> A cricket bat is a specialised piece of equipment used by batsmen in the sport of cricket to hit the ball , typically consisting of a cane handle attached to a flat - fronted willow - wood blade . The length of the bat may be no more than 38 inches ( 965 mm ) and the width no more than 4.25 inches ( 108 mm ) . Its use is first mentioned in 1624 . Since 1979 , a rule change stipulated that bats can only be made from wood . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Construction <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Maintenance </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Sizes of bats </Li> <Li> 3 Variations <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Twenty20 bats </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Manufacturing <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Knocking - in </Li> <Li> 4.2 Oiling </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Cricket bat industry of India <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Kashmiri willow bats </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Construction ( edit ) </H2> Shaving a cricket bat <P> The blade of a cricket bat is a wooden block that is generally flat on the striking face and with a ridge on the reverse ( back ) which concentrates wood in the middle where the ball is generally hit . The bat is traditionally made from willow wood , specifically from a variety of White Willow called Cricket Bat Willow ( Salix alba var . caerulea ) , treated with raw ( unboiled ) linseed oil , which has a protective function . This variety of willow is used as it is very tough and shock - resistant , not being significantly dented nor splintering on the impact of a cricket ball at high speed , while also being light in weight . The face of the bat is often covered with a protective film by the user . </P> <P> The blade is connected to a long cylindrical cane handle , similar to that of a mid-20th - century tennis racquet , by means of a splice . The handle is usually covered with a rubber grip . Bats incorporate a wooden spring design where the handle meets the blade . The current design of a cane handle spliced into a willow blade through a tapered splice was the invention in the 1880s of Charles Richardson , a pupil of Brunel and the first Chief Engineer of the Severn Railway Tunnel . Spliced handles had been used before this but tended to break at the corner of the join . The taper provides a more gradual transfer of load from the bat 's blade to the handle and avoids this problem . </P> <P> The edges of the blade closest to the handle are known as the shoulders of the bat , and the bottom of the blade is known as the toe of the bat . </P> <P> Bats were not always this shape . Before the 18th century bats tended to be shaped similarly to a modern hockey sticks . This may well have been a legacy of the game 's reputed origins . Although the first forms of cricket are obscure , it may be that the game was first played using shepherd 's crooks . </P> Evolution of the cricket bat <P> The bat generally recognised as the oldest bat still in existence is dated 1729 and is on display in the Sandham Room at The Oval in London . </P> <H3> Maintenance ( edit ) </H3> <P> When first purchased , most bats are not ready for immediate use and require knocking - in to allow the soft fibres to strike a hard new cricket ball without causing damage to the bat , and allowing full power to be transferred to the shot . Knocking - in involves striking the surface with an old cricket ball or a special mallet . This compacts the soft fibres within the bat and reduces the risk of the bat snapping . The bat may also need raw linseed oil , which fills in the gaps between the fibres . </P> <H2> Sizes of bats ( edit ) </H2> <P> Law 5 of the Laws of Cricket , as the rules of the game are known , state that the length of the bat may be no more than 38 in ( 965 mm ) , the width no more than 4.25 in ( 108 mm ) , the overall depth no more than 2.64 in ( 67 mm ) and edge no more than 1.56 in ( 40 mm ) . Bats typically weigh from 2 lb 7 oz to 3 lb ( 1.2 to 1.4 kg ) though there is no standard . Appendix B of the Laws of Cricket set out more precise specifications . This rule was introduced following the Monster Bat Incident of 1771 . </P> <P> Bats are available in a range of sizes , with some manufacturers offering unique variations . Commonly found are children 's sizes 0 to 6 , youth size Harrow and adult sizes . SH ( Short Handle ) is the most common adult size , whilst long handle and long blade options are also available . Children 's sizes increase in length and width as the size increase . Although most adult bats will be the maximum width permitted ( 4.25 inches ) , no generally available cricket bat is the maximum length of 38 inches , indeed very few exceed 35 inches . </P> <H2> Variations ( edit ) </H2> The oldest surviving bat dates from 1729 . Note its shape , which is very different from modern - day bats . Modern cricket bat in play <P> Various companies have over the years tried new shapes that come within the laws of the game to make a name for themselves and to improve sales . In the 1960s the first shoulderless bats appeared from Slazenger . This allowed more of the weight to be redistributed to the `` sweet spot '' of the blade providing more power to each stroke , whilst still having good balance and light `` pick up . '' This style of bat was made famous by Lance Cairns 's six sixes in a match played in 1983 . </P> <P> The 1970s saw double - sided bats from Warsop Stebbing . With the advent of Twenty - Twenty cricket , double - sided bats are experiencing renewed interest . </P> <P> In 1974 the first GN100 Scoop was released ; this was the first bat to turn shaping on its head by removing the wood from the centre of the rear of the bat . By removing this wood , the bat became lighter , its sweet spot grew and its pick up improved . Even though there is less material , strong strokes are still possible if well - timed . It allows weaker players to play many strokes they would otherwise omit from their repertoire . </P> <P> This bat quickly became a big seller and various scooped bats such as the GN500 , Dynadrive and Viper have been released by Gray Nicolls ever since , including a re-release of the Scoop itself for the 2012 English season . The removal of wood from the rear has been copied by many other companies without much critical acclaim . </P> <P> In 1979 Australian cricketer Dennis Lillee briefly used a ComBat aluminium metal bat . After some discussion with the umpires , and after complaints by the English team that it was damaging the ball , which was later proved untrue , he was urged by the Australian captain Greg Chappell to revert to a wooden bat . The rules of cricket were shortly thereafter amended , stating that the blade of a bat must be made entirely of wood . </P> <P> In 2005 Kookaburra released a new type of bat that had a Carbon fibre - reinforced polymer support down the spine of the bat . It was put on the bat to provide more support to the spine and blade of the bat , thus prolonging the life of the bat . The first player to use this new bat in international cricket was Australian Ricky Ponting . Kookaburra withdrew it after advice was received by the ICC from MCC that it was illegal under Law six . </P> <P> In 2005 Newbery created a carbon fibre handle , the C6 and C6+ , which weighed 3 ounces / 85 grams less than a standard laminated cane and rubber handle . It was used by Newbery and Puma for 3 years before the concept was copied by Gray Nicolls with a hollow plastic tube . However , this provoked the MCC to change the law on materials in handles amid fears that the new technology would lead to an increase in the distance the ball was hit . Now only 10 % of the volume of the handle can be other than cane . </P> <P> In 2008 Gray - Nicolls launched a bat with a second face on the base of the back of the bat . It was purely a marketing move as no paid players used the bat in competition . In 2011 they also produced a bat with an offset handle position known as The Edge in what was also purely a marketing move . </P> <P> Also in late 2008 , SAFBats created a cricket bat with an offset edge , the edge offsetting allowed for an extended middle , better swing weight and increased performance without compromising the cricket bat 's balance . The production models were available in 2009 , and the bat won awards in 2010 and 2012 . </P> <H3> Twenty20 bats ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 2004 Newbery created the Uzi , with a truncated blade and elongated handle for the new Twenty20 format of the game . This change allowed more wood to be placed in the middle , as more attacking shots are played in the shorter version of the game . </P> <P> In 2009 an extreme version of the Newbery Uzi shape named the MMi3 was launched by Mongoose . The design is unusual in that the blade is 33 % shorter than a conventional bat and the handle is 43 % longer . Launched with a fanfare of publicity it proclaimed the idea of not defending the ball in the T20 format and purely playing attacking shots . </P> <P> On 11 March 2010 , Mongoose launched its range in India with the announcement of Matthew Hayden as the brand ambassador . Stuart Law , the former Australian Test player , called it `` a half - brick on a stick '' . The bat was used by Anuraag in the 2010 version of the IPL . Gareth Andrew , the Worcestershire all - rounder , scored the maiden 100 with an MMi3 in professional cricket , when he hit 100 off 58 balls at the Oval in 2010 against Surrey . </P> <P> In 2008 Lekka Cricket launched a T20 format bat , the Big Hitter . Black Cat Cricket then launched a T20 format bat , the Joker , in 2009 . These worked on a similar principle to other T20 bats with the blade length reduced by one inch and an inch longer handle , but uniquely reduced the width of the bat to 4 inches in an adult bat . </P> <H2> Manufacturing ( edit ) </H2> <P> Modern bats are usually hand made in India and in Sialkot , Pakistan due to the low cost of labour . However a few specialists in England , Australia , and New Zealand still make bats , mostly with use of a CNC lathe . </P> <H3> Knocking - in ( edit ) </H3> <P> Before first being played , a bat should be `` knocked in '' . Knocking a

The width of a cricket bat is

What is the width of a cricket bat?

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. It was strongly opposed by Zisling , a member of the secularist Mapam . In the end the phrase `` Rock of Israel '' was used , which could be interpreted as either referring to God , or the land of Eretz Israel , Ben - Gurion saying `` Each of us , in his own way , believes in the ' Rock of Israel ' as he conceives it . I should like to make one request : Do n't let me put this phrase to a vote . '' Although its use was still opposed by Zisling , the phrase was accepted without a vote . </P> Name <P> The writers also had to decide on the name for the new state . Eretz Israel , Ever ( from the name Eber ) , Judea , and Zion were all suggested , as were Ziona , Ivriya and Herzliya . Judea and Zion were rejected because , according to the partition plan , Jerusalem ( Zion ) and most of the Judean mountains would be outside the new state . Ben - Gurion put forward `` Israel '' and it passed by a vote of 6 -- 3 . Official documents released in April 2013 by the State Archive of Israel show that days before the establishment of the State of Israel in May 1948 , officials were still debating about what the new country would be called in Arabic : Palestine ( Filastin ) , Zion ( Sayoun ) or Israel ( Eesra'il ) . Two assumptions were made : `` That an Arab state was about to be established alongside the Jewish one in keeping with the UN 's partition resolution the year before , and that the Jewish state would include a large Arab minority whose feelings needed to be taken into account '' . In the end , the officials rejected the name Palestine because they thought that would be the name of the new Arab state and could cause confusion so they opted for the most straightforward option : Israel . </P> Other items <P> At the meeting on 14 May , several other members of Moetzet HaAm suggested additions to the document . Meir Vilner wanted it to denounce the British Mandate and military but Sharett said it was out of place . Meir Argov pushed to mention the Displaced Persons camps in Europe and to guarantee freedom of language . Ben - Gurion agreed with the latter but noted that Hebrew should be the main language of the state . </P> <P> The debate over wording did not end completely even after the Declaration had been made . Declaration signer Meir David Loewenstein later claimed , `` It ignored our sole right to Eretz Israel , which is based on the covenant of the Lord with Abraham , our father , and repeated promises in the Tanach . It ignored the aliya of the Ramban and the students of the Vilna Gaon and the Ba'al Shem Tov , and the ( rights of ) Jews who lived in the ' Old Yishuv ' . '' </P> <H2> Declaration ceremony </H2> A celebratory crowd outside the Tel Aviv Museum , located in 16 Rothschild Boulevard , to hear the Declaration The invitation to the ceremony , dated 13 May 1948 . David Ben - Gurion declaring independence beneath a large portrait of Theodor Herzl , founder of modern Zionism <P> The ceremony was held in the Tel Aviv Museum ( today known as Independence Hall ) but was not widely publicised as it was feared that the British Authorities might attempt to prevent it or that the Arab armies might invade earlier than expected . An invitation was sent out by messenger on the morning of 14 May telling recipients to arrive at 15 : 30 and to keep the event a secret . The event started at 16 : 00 ( a time chosen so as not to breach the sabbath ) and was broadcast live as the first transmission of the new radio station Kol Yisrael . </P> <P> The final draft of the declaration was typed at the Jewish National Fund building following its approval earlier in the day . Ze'ev Sherf , who stayed at the building in order to deliver the text , had forgotten to arrange transport for himself . Ultimately , he had to flag down a passing car and ask the driver ( who was driving a borrowed car without a license ) to take him to the ceremony . Sherf 's request was initially refused but he managed to persuade the driver to take him . The car was stopped by a policeman for speeding while driving across the city though a ticket was not issued after it was explained that he was delaying the declaration of independence . Sherf arrived at the museum at 15 : 59 . </P> <P> At 16 : 00 , Ben - Gurion opened the ceremony by banging his gavel on the table , prompting a spontaneous rendition of Hatikvah , soon to be Israel 's national anthem , from the 250 guests . On the wall behind the podium hung a picture of Theodor Herzl , the founder of modern Zionism , and two flags , later to become the official flag of Israel . </P> <P> After telling the audience `` I shall now read to you the scroll of the Establishment of the State , which has passed its first reading by the National Council '' , Ben - Gurion proceeded to read out the declaration , taking 16 minutes , ending with the words `` Let us accept the Foundation Scroll of the Jewish State by rising '' and calling on Rabbi Fishman to recite the Shehecheyanu blessing . </P> <P> The entire declaration ceremony was recorded and broadcast live on Kol Yisrael ( Voice of Israel ) radio station . </P> <H3> Signatories </H3> Ben Gurion ( Left ) Signing the Declaration of Independence held by Moshe Sharet <P> As leader of the Yishuv , David Ben - Gurion was the first person to sign . The declaration was due to be signed by all 37 members of Moetzet HaAm . However , twelve members could not attend , eleven of them trapped in besieged Jerusalem and one abroad . The remaining 25 signatories present were called up in alphabetical order to sign , leaving spaces for those absent . Although a space was left for him between the signatures of Eliyahu Dobkin and Meir Vilner , Zerach Warhaftig signed at the top of the next column , leading to speculation that Vilner 's name had been left alone to isolate him , or to stress that even a communist agreed with the declaration . However , Warhaftig later denied this , stating that a space had been left for him ( as he was one of the signatories trapped in Jerusalem ) where a Hebraicised form of his name would have fitted alphabetically , but he insisted on signing under his actual name so as to honour his father 's memory and so moved down two spaces . He and Vilner would be the last surviving signatories , and remained close for the rest of their lives . Of the signatories , two were women ( Golda Meir ( Meyerson / Myerson ) and Rachel Cohen - Kagan ) . </P> <P> When Herzl Rosenblum , a journalist , was called up to sign , Ben - Gurion instructed him to sign under the name Herzl Vardi , his pen name , as he wanted more Hebrew names on the document . Although Rosenblum acquiesced to Ben - Gurion 's request and legally changed his name to Vardi , he later admitted to regretting not signing as Rosenblum . Several other signatories later Hebraised their names , including Meir Argov ( Grabovsky ) , Peretz Bernstein ( then Fritz Bernstein ) , Avraham Granot ( Granovsky ) , Avraham Nissan ( Katznelson ) , Moshe Kol ( Kolodny ) , Yehuda Leib Maimon ( Fishman ) , Golda Meir ( Meyerson / Myerson ) , Pinchas Rosen ( Felix Rosenblueth ) and Moshe Sharett ( Shertok ) . Other signatories added their own touches , including Saadia Kobashi who added the phrase `` HaLevy '' , referring to the tribe of Levi . </P> <P> After Sharett , the last of the signatories , had put his name to paper , the audience again stood and the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra played `` Hatikvah '' . Ben - Gurion concluded the event with the words `` The State of Israel is established ! This meeting is adjourned ! '' </P> <H2> Context and aftermath </H2> Main article : 1948 Arab - Israeli War <Table> <Tr> <Th> Part of a series on the </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> History of Israel </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ancient Israel and Judah </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Natufian culture </Li> <Li> Prehistory </Li> <Li> Canaan </Li> <Li> Israelites </Li> <Li> United monarchy </Li> <Li> Northern Kingdom </Li> <Li> Kingdom of Judah </Li> <Li> Babylonian rule </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Second Temple period ( 530 BC -- AD 70 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Persian rule </Li> <Li> Hellenistic period </Li> <Li> Hasmonean dynasty </Li> <Li> Herodian dynasty <Ul> <Li> Kingdom </Li> <Li> Tetrarchy </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Roman Judea </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Middle Ages ( 70 -- 1517 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Roman Palaestina </Li> <Li> Byzantine Palaestina <Ul> <Li> Prima </Li> <Li> Secunda </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Revolt against Constantius Gallus </Li> <Li> Samaritan revolts </Li> <Li> Revolt against Heraclius </Li> <Li> Caliphates <Ul> <Li> Filastin </Li> <Li> Urdunn </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Crusades </Li> <Li> Ayyubid dynasty </Li> <Li> Mamluk Sultanate </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Modern history ( 1517 -- 1948 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Ottoman rule <Ul> <Li> Eyalet </Li> <Li> Mutasarrifate </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Old Yishuv </Li> <Li> Zionism </Li> <Li> OETA </Li> <Li> British mandate </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> State of Israel ( 1948 -- present ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Independence </Li> <Li> Timeline </Li> <Li> Years </Li> <Li> Arab -- Israeli conflict </Li> <Li> Start - up Nation </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> History of the Land of Israel by topic </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Judaism </Li> <Li> Jerusalem </Li> <Li> Zionism </Li> <Li> Jewish leaders </Li> <Li> Jewish warfare </Li> <Li> Nationality </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Related </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jewish history </Li> <Li> Hebrew calendar </Li> <Li> Archaeology </Li> <Li> Museums </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Israel portal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The declaration was signed in a context of civil war between the Arab and Jewish populations of the Mandate that had started the day after the partition vote at the UN six months earlier . Neighbouring Arab states and the Arab League were opposed to the vote and had declared they would intervene to prevent its implementation . In a cablegram on 15 May 1948 to the Secretary - General of the United Nations , the Secretary - General of the League of Arab States claimed that `` the Arab states find themselves compelled to intervene in order to restore law and order and to check further bloodshed '' . </P> <P> Over the next few days after the declaration , armies of Egypt , Trans - Jordan , Iraq , and Syria engaged Israeli troops inside the area of what had just ceased to be Mandatory Palestine , thereby starting the 1948 Arab -- Israeli War . A truce began on 11 June , but fighting resumed on 8 July and stopped again on 18 July , before restarting in mid-October and finally ending on 24 July 1949 with the signing of the armistice agreement with Syria . By then Israel had retained its independence and increased its land area by almost 50 % compared to

The first signatory of the Israeli Declaration of Independence was

Who was the first signatory of the israeli declaration of independence?

1023450971555923009

History of the periodic table - wikipedia <H1> History of the periodic table </H1> This is the latest accepted revision , reviewed on 9 January 2018 . Jump to : navigation , search A collection of historic documents that led to the development of the modern periodic table ( clockwise from top left ) -- Lavoisier 's ' Table of Simple substances ' ; de Chancourtois ' ' Vis Tellurique ' ; Mendeleyev 's hand - written periodic table ; a modern periodic table ; John Dalton 's list of atomic weights & symbols . <P> The periodic table is an arrangement of the chemical elements and are organized on the basis of their atomic numbers , electron configurations and recurring chemical properties . Elements are presented in order of increasing atomic number . The standard form of the table consists of a grid of elements with rows called periods and columns called groups </P> <P> The history of the periodic table reflects over a century of growth in the understanding of chemical properties . The most important event in its history occurred in 1869 , when the table was published by Dmitri Mendeleev , who built upon earlier discoveries by scientists such as Antoine - Laurent de Lavoisier and John Newlands , but who is nevertheless generally given sole credit for its development . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Ancient times <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Hennig Brand </Li> <Li> 1.2 Antoine - Laurent de Lavoisier </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 19th century <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner </Li> <Li> 2.2 Alexandre - Emile Béguyer de Chancourtois </Li> <Li> 2.3 John Newlands </Li> <Li> 2.4 Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev </Li> <Li> 2.5 Lothar Meyer </Li> <Li> 2.6 William Odling </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 20th century <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Frederick Soddy </Li> <Li> 3.2 Henry Moseley </Li> <Li> 3.3 Glenn T. Seaborg </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 See also </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Ancient times ( edit ) </H2> Further information : Classical element <P> A number of physical elements ( such as platinum , tin and zinc ) have been known from antiquity , as they are found in their native form and are relatively simple to mine with primitive tools . Around 330 BCE , the Greek philosopher Aristotle proposed that everything is made up of a mixture of one or more roots , an idea that had originally been suggested by the Sicilian philosopher Empedocles . The four roots , which were later renamed as elements by Plato , were earth , water , air and fire . Similar ideas about these four elements also existed in other ancient traditions , such as Indian philosophy . While Aristotle and Plato understood the concept of an element , their ideas did nothing to advance the understanding of the nature of matter . </P> Hennig Brand , as shown in The Alchemist Discovering Phosphorus <H3> Hennig Brand ( edit ) </H3> <P> The history of the periodic table is also a history of the discovery of the chemical elements . The first person in history to discover a new element was Hennig Brand , a bankrupt German merchant . Brand tried to discover the Philosopher 's Stone -- a mythical object that was supposed to turn inexpensive base metals into gold . In 1649 , his experiments with distilled human urine resulted in the production of a glowing white substance , which he named phosphorus . He kept his discovery secret until 1680 , when Robert Boyle rediscovered phosphorus and published his findings . The discovery of phosphorus helped to raise the question of what it meant for a substance to be an element . </P> <P> In 1661 , Boyle defined an element as `` a substance that can not be broken down into a simpler substance by a chemical reaction '' . This simple definition served for three centuries and lasted until the discovery of subatomic particles . </P> <H3> Antoine - Laurent de Lavoisier ( edit ) </H3> Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier <P> Lavoisier 's Traité Élémentaire de Chimie ( Elementary Treatise of Chemistry ) , which was written in 1789 and first translated into English by the writer Robert Kerr , is considered to be the first modern textbook about chemistry . It contained a list of `` simple substances '' that Lavoisier believed could not be broken down further , which included oxygen , nitrogen , hydrogen , phosphorus , mercury , zinc and sulfur , which formed the basis for the modern list of elements . Lavoisier 's list also included ' light ' and ' caloric ' , which at the time were believed to be material substances . He has classified these substances into metals and non metals . While many leading chemists refused to believe Lavoisier 's new revelations , the Elementary Treatise was written well enough to convince the younger generation . However , Lavoisier 's descriptions of his elements lack completeness , as he only classified them as metals and non-metals . </P> <H2> 19th century ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1817 , Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner began to formulate one of the earliest attempts to classify the elements . In 1829 , he found that he could form some of the elements into groups of three , with the members of each group having related properties . He termed these groups triads . </P> <P> Definition of Triad law : - `` Chemically analogous elements arranged in increasing order of their atomic weights formed well marked groups of three called Triads in which the atomic weight of the middle element was found to be generally the arithmetic mean of the atomic weight of the other two elements in the triad . </P> <Ol> <Li> chlorine , bromine , and iodine </Li> <Li> calcium , strontium , and barium </Li> <Li> sulfur , selenium , and tellurium </Li> <Li> lithium , sodium , and potassium </Li> </Ol> <H3> Alexandre - Emile Béguyer de Chancourtois ( edit ) </H3> <P> Alexandre - Emile Béguyer de Chancourtois , a French geologist , was the first person to notice the periodicity of the elements -- similar elements occurring at regular intervals when they are ordered by their atomic weights . In 1862 he devised an early form of periodic table , which he named Vis tellurique ( the ' telluric helix ' ) , after the element tellurium , which fell near the center of his diagram . With the elements arranged in a spiral on a cylinder by order of increasing atomic weight , de Chancourtois saw that elements with similar properties lined up vertically . His 1863 publication included a chart ( which contained ions and compounds , in addition to elements ) , but his original paper in the Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences used geological rather than chemical terms and did not include a diagram . As a result , de Chancourtois ' ideas received little attention until after the work of Dmitri Mendeleev had been publicised . </P> <H3> John Newlands ( edit ) </H3> Newlands ' law of octaves <P> In 1864 , the English chemist John Newlands classified the sixty - two known elements into eight groups , based on their physical properties . </P> <P> Newlands noted that many pairs of similar elements existed , which differed by some multiple of eight in mass number , and was the first to assign them an atomic number . When his ' law of octaves ' was printed in Chemistry News , likening this periodicity of eights to the musical scale , it was ridiculed by some of his contemporaries . His lecture to the Chemistry Society on 1 March 1866 was not published , the Society defending their decision by saying that such ' theoretical ' topics might be controversial . </P> <P> The importance of Newlands ' analysis was eventually recognised by the Chemistry Society with a Gold Medal five years after they recognised Mendeleev 's work . It was not until the following century , with Gilbert N. Lewis 's valence bond theory ( 1916 ) and Irving Langmuir 's octet theory of chemical bonding ( 1919 ) , that the importance of the periodicity of eight would be accepted . The Royal Chemistry Society acknowledged Newlands ' contribution to science in 2008 , when they put a Blue Plaque on the house where he was born , which described him as the `` discoverer of the Periodic Law for the chemical elements '' . </P> <P> He contributed the word ' periodic ' in chemistry . </P> <H3> Dmitri ivanovich Mendeleev ( edit ) </H3> Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev Zeitschrift für Chemie ( 1869 , pages 405 -- 6 ) , in which Mendeleev 's periodic table is first published outside Russia . Mendeleev 's 1871 periodic table . Dashes : unknown elements . Group I - VII : modern group 1 -- 2 and 3 -- 7 with transition metals added ; some of these extend into a group VIII . Noble gases unknown ( and unpredicted ) . <P> The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev was the first scientist to make a periodic table similar to the one used today . Mendeleev arranged the elements by atomic mass , corresponding to relative molar mass . It is sometimes said that he played ' chemical solitaire ' on long train journeys , using cards with various facts about the known elements . On March 6 , 1869 , Mendeleev gave a formal presentation , The Dependence Between the Properties of the Atomic Weights of the Elements , to the Russian Chemical Society . In 1869 , the table was published in an obscure Russian journal and then republished in a German journal , Zeitschrift für Chemie . In it , Mendeleev stated that : </P> <Ol> <Li> The elements , if arranged according to their atomic mass , exhibit an apparent periodicity of properties . </Li> <Li> Elements which are similar as regards to their chemical properties have atomic weights which are either of nearly the same value ( e.g. , Pt , Ir , Os ) or which increase regularly ( e.g. , K , Rb , Cs ) . </Li> <Li> The arrangement of the elements , or of groups of elements in the order of their atomic masses , corresponds to their so - called valencies , as well as , to some extent , to their distinctive chemical properties ; as is apparent among other series in that of Li , Be , B , C , N , O , and F . </Li> <Li> The elements which are the most widely diffused have small atomic weights . </Li> <Li> The magnitude of the atomic weight determines the character of the element , just as the magnitude of the molecule determines the character of a compound body . </Li> <Li> We must expect the discovery of many yet unknown elements -- for example , elements analogous to aluminium and silicon -- whose atomic weight would be between 65 and 75 . </Li> <Li> The atomic weight of an element may sometimes be amended by a knowledge of those of its contiguous elements . Thus the atomic weight of tellurium must lie between 123 and 126 , and can not be 128 . </Li> <Li> Certain characteristic properties of elements can be foretold from their atomic masses . </Li> </Ol> <P> Scientific benefits of Mendeleev 's table </P> <Ul> <Li> It enabled Mendeleev to predict the discovery of new elements and left spaces for them , namely eka - silicon ( germanium , discovered in 1885 ) , eka - aluminium ( gallium , 1875 ) , and eka - boron ( scandium , 1879 ) . Thus , there was no disturbance in the periodic table . </Li> <Li> It could be used by Mendeleev to point out that some of the atomic weights being used at the time were incorrect . </Li> <Li> It provided for variance from atomic

The first working periodic table was developed by

Who came up with the first working periodic table?

-3420681886890852721

Cyberman - wikipedia <H1> Cyberman </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the Doctor Who villains . For the film about Steve Mann , see Cyberman ( film ) . For the radio drama , see Cyberman ( audio drama series ) . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Cybermen </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Doctor Who alien </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Three Cybermen in their 2013 redesign . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Cyborgs </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Home planet </Th> <Td> Mondas Telos ( adopted ) Parallel Earth </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> First appearance </Th> <Td> The Tenth Planet ( 1966 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Cybermen are a fictional race of cyborgs who are among the most persistent enemies of the Doctor in the British science fiction television programme , Doctor Who . Within the context of the series , the Cybermen are a species of emotionless space - faring cyborgs who look to co-opt human beings or other similar species to join and populate their ranks . First appearing in 1966 , the Cybermen were created by Dr. Kit Pedler ( the unofficial scientific advisor to the show ) and story editor Gerry Davis . </P> <P> The Cybermen have seen many redesigns and costume changes over Doctor Who 's long run . Over the years , the show and its many spin - offs in other media have also presented a number of varying origin stories for the species . In their first appearance , The Tenth Planet ( 1966 ) , they are explained as being the product of humans from Earth 's nearly identical `` twin planet '' of Mondas who upgraded themselves into cyborgs in a bid for self - preservation . Forty years later , `` The Age of Steel '' ( 2006 ) depicted the Cybermen 's separate emergence on a parallel universe version of Earth . Doctor Who audio dramas , novels , and comic books have also elaborated on the origins for the Cybermen , or presented alternative origin stories . </P> <P> In the show 's 2017 episode `` The Doctor Falls '' , it is stated that the Cybermen are the universe 's great example of parallel evolution , due to the inevitability of humans and human - like species attempting to upgrade themselves through technology , thereby resolving continuity tensions in the history of the Cybermen . </P> <P> A mainstay of Doctor Who since the 1960s , the Cybermen have also made appearances in related programs and spin - off media , including novels , audiobooks , comic books , and video games . Cybermen stories continued to be produced in officially licensed Doctor Who productions between 1989 and 2005 , when the TV show was off the air , with many writers choosing to fill in gaps in the history of the Cybermen or depict new encounters between them and the Doctor . The species also appeared in the Doctor Who TV spin - off Torchwood , appearing in the fourth episode , `` Cyberwoman '' ( 2006 ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Creation </Li> <Li> 2 Appearances <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Television </Li> <Li> 2.2 Spin - offs <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Novels </Li> <Li> 2.2. 2 Audio dramas </Li> <Li> 2.2. 3 Comics </Li> <Li> 2.2. 4 Video games </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Physical characteristics <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Weaknesses </Li> <Li> 3.2 Costumes </Li> <Li> 3.3 Voice </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Variants </Li> <Li> 5 Technology <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Cybermat </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Sources </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Creation ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( April 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The name `` Cyberman '' comes from cybernetics , a term used in Norbert Wiener 's book Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine ( MIT Press , 1948 ) . Wiener used the term in reference to the control of complex systems in the animal world and in mechanical networks , in particular self - regulating control systems . By 1960 , doctors were performing research into surgically or mechanically augmenting humans or animals to operate machinery in space , leading to the portmanteau `` cyborg '' , for `` cybernetic organism '' . </P> <P> In the 1960s , `` spare - part '' surgery was starting out , with the first , gigantic heart - lung machines being developed . There were also serious suggestions of wiring the nerve endings of amputees directly into machines for quicker response . In 1963 , Kit Pedler had a conversation with his wife ( who was also a doctor ) about what would happen if a person had so many prostheses that they could no longer distinguish themselves between man and machine . He got the opportunity to develop this idea when , in 1966 , after an appearance on the BBC science programmes Tomorrow 's World and Horizon , the BBC hired him to help on the Doctor Who serial The War Machines ( 1966 ) . That eventually led to him writing , with Gerry Davis ' help , The Tenth Planet ( 1966 ) for Doctor Who . </P> <P> Pedler , influenced by the logic - driven Treens from the Dan Dare comic strip , originally envisaged the Cybermen as `` space monks '' , but was persuaded by Davis to concentrate on his fears about the direction of spare - part surgery . The original Cybermen were imagined as human , but with plastic and metal prostheses . The Cybermen of The Tenth Planet still have human hands , and their facial structures are visible beneath the masks they wear . However , over time , they evolved into metallic , more robot - like designs . </P> <H2> Appearances ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Television ( edit ) </H3> <P> The Cybermen first appear in the serial The Tenth Planet in 1966 , set in 1986 , in which their origin story is given as follows . Millions of years ago , during prehistoric times , Earth had a twin planet known as Mondas . Mondas was knocked out of solar orbit and drifted into deep space . The Mondasians , already far in advance of Earth 's technology and fearful for their race 's survival , their lifespans shortening , replaced most of their bodies with cybernetic parts . Having eventually removed all emotion from their brains , to maintain their sanity , the natives installed a drive propulsion system so they could pilot the planet itself through space . As the original race was limited in numbers and were continually being depleted , the Mondasians -- now Cybermen -- became a race of conquerors who reproduced by taking other organic beings and forcibly changing them into Cybermen . These Cybermen fight against the First Doctor ( William Hartnell ) when the Cybermen attempt to drain the Earth 's energy to make way for Mondas ' return to the solar system . However , Mondas absorbs too much energy from Earth , destroying it and those Cybermen on Earth . The adventure takes its physical toll on the Doctor , forcing him to regenerate for the first time , becoming the Second Doctor ( Patrick Troughton ) . </P> The Cybermen as they emerge from the sewers onto the streets in their first invasion of Earth as seen in The Invasion . <P> Redesigned Cybermen next appear in The Moonbase ( 1967 ) , set in 2070 , opposite the Second Doctor , who discovers a crypt containing Cybermen during a visit to the Moon . They attempt to remotely destroy the Earth by affecting its weather patterns with a device called the Gravitron . However , the Gravitron is used against them , hurling them into space . Later that year , The Tomb of the Cybermen sees a 25th Century human expedition discover sarcophagi containing hibernating Cybermen on the planet Telos , where the creatures arise and attack . This episode introduces the cybermats , small mechanical scouts used by the Cybermen , as well as their leader , the Cyber Controller . In The Wheel in Space ( 1968 ) , the Doctor and his crew face off against the Cybermen on a marooned Earth space station in the 21st Century . This episode introduces the Cyber-Planner , an immobile unit which directs the Cybermen . The Cybermen plan to take over the space station , after which their fleet will invade Earth . The Doctor uses an x-ray laser to destroy the Cybermen . In The Invasion that same year , the Doctor and his companions visit late 20th century England where he discovers an army of Cybermen are hidden on Earth , working with magnate Tobias Vaughn ( Kevin Stoney ) for their fleet to invade Earth . Their invasion is defeated by the Doctor and the military support of the newly formed United Nations Intelligence Taskforce . </P> <P> The Cybermen were not shown to face the Third Doctor ( Jon Pertwee ) during his original run , but one is shown as part of an exhibit in Carnival of Monsters ( 1973 ) . The Fourth Doctor ( Tom Baker ) is next to encounter a small group of Cybermen in Revenge of the Cybermen ( 1975 ) , for which they were once again redesigned . These Cybermen are depicted as the wandering remnants of a fallen empire , ravaged by the so - called Cyber-Wars against victorious humanity , which had crucially exploited the Cybermen 's weakness to gold . These Cybermen attempt to restore the glory of their race by destroying the humans ' gold - rich asteroid Voga . Another long hiatus preceded Earthshock ( 1982 ) , in which the Fifth Doctor ( Peter Davison ) encounters Cybermen in Earth in the year 2526 , who seek to destroy the planet with a large bomb while alien dignitaries visit Earth to discuss the ongoing Cyber-Wars . After the Doctor foils this plan , they decide to crash their freighter into the planet to much the same effect . The Doctor 's companion , boy genius Adric ( Matthew Waterhouse ) , is trapped on board and attempts to escape from the freighter , but inadvertently causes it to hurtle back in time . The freighter crashes into prehistoric Earth , killing Adric and triggering the K-T extinction event . The Cybermen appear once more in the Fifth Doctor 's era , alongside the four previous Doctors , in The Five Doctors ( 1983 ) , when they are all transported alongside other nemeses of the Doctor to his home planet of Gallifrey by the Time Lord President Borusa ( Philip Latham ) . </P> <P> Attack of the Cybermen ( 1985 ) is set much earlier in the Cyber-Wars than Revenge , during a time in which the Cybermen faced defeat following the human invention of the glittergun and the discovery of gold - rich Voga . The Cybermen attempt to use a time machine to avert the destruction of Mondas . Their plan fails , and they also lose their adopted homeworld of Telos to its original inhabitants , the Cryons , following the intervention of the Sixth Doctor ( Colin Baker ) . The Cybermen appeared for a final time in the classic series in Silver Nemesis ( 1988 ) , in which a fleet of Cybermen warships assemble to convert Earth into a new Mondas . A Cybermen scouting party is sent to Earth in search of the legendary Nemesis statue , a Time Lord artefact of immense power , made of the `` living metal '' validium . The intervention of the Seventh

Cybermen first appeared in Doctor Who in

When did cybermen first appear in doctor who?

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Geography of Oklahoma - wikipedia <H1> Geography of Oklahoma </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Oklahoma topographical map Geographic map of Oklahoma <P> The Geography of Oklahoma encompasses terrain and ecosystems ranging from arid plains to subtropical forests and mountains . Oklahoma contains 10 distinct ecological regions , more per square mile than in any other state by a wide margin . It is situated in the Great Plains and U.S. Interior Highlands region near the geographical center of the 48 contiguous states . Usually considered part of the South Central United States , Oklahoma is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri , on the north by Kansas , on the northwest by Colorado , on the far west by New Mexico , and on the south and near - west by Texas . </P> <P> The state has four primary mountain ranges : the Arbuckle Mountains , the Wichita Mountains , the Ozark Mountains and the Ouachita Mountains . Part of the U.S. Interior Highlands region , the Ozarks and Ouachitas form the only major highland region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians . </P> <P> A portion of the Flint Hills stretches into north - central Oklahoma , and in the state 's southeastern corner , Cavanal Hill is officially regarded as the world 's tallest hill ; at 1,999 feet ( 609 m ) , it fails the definition of a mountain by one foot . More than 500 named creeks and rivers make up Oklahoma 's waterways , and with 200 lakes created by dams , it holds the highest number of reservoirs in the nation . Oklahoma covers an area of 69,898 square miles ( 181,030 km ) , with 68,667 square miles ( 177,850 km ) of land and 1,231 square miles ( 3,190 km ) of water , making it the 20th - largest state in the United States . Generally , it is divided into seven geographical regions : Green Country , or Northeast Oklahoma , Southeastern Oklahoma , Central Oklahoma , South Central Oklahoma , Southwest Oklahoma , Northwest Oklahoma , and the Oklahoma Panhandle . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Topography </Li> <Li> 2 Flora and fauna </Li> <Li> 3 Protected lands </Li> <Li> 4 Climate </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 Additional reading </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Topography ( edit ) </H2> The Ouachita Mountains cover much of southeastern Oklahoma . See also : Lakes in Oklahoma and List of rivers of Oklahoma <P> Situated between the Great Plains and the Ozark Plateau in the Gulf of Mexico watershed , Oklahoma tends to slope gradually downward from its western to eastern boundaries . Its highest and lowest points follow this trend , with its highest peak , Black Mesa , at 4,368 feet ( 1,516 m ) above sea level , situated near the far northwest corner of the Oklahoma Panhandle . The state 's lowest point is on the Little River near its far southeastern boundary , which dips to 289 feet ( 88 m ) above sea level . </P> <P> Most of the state lies in two primary drainage basins belonging to the Red and Arkansas rivers , though the Lee and Little rivers also contain significant drainage basins . In the state 's northwestern corner , semi-arid high plains harbor few natural forests and rolling to flat landscape with intermittent canyons and mesa ranges like the Glass Mountains . Partial plains interrupted by small mountain ranges like the Antelope Hills and the Wichita Mountains dot southwestern Oklahoma , and transitional prairie and woodlands cover the central portion of the state . The Ozark and Ouachita Mountains rise from west to east over the state 's eastern third , gradually increasing in elevation in an eastward direction . </P> <P> Oklahoma had few natural lakes . Those that did exist were either oxbow or playa lakes . Oklahoma has sixty - two oxbow lakes above 10 acres ( 0.040 km ) in size . The largest , near the Red River in McCurtain County is 272 acres ( 1.10 km ) . The prolonged drought that started in 1930 and created the condition called the `` Dust Bowl '' , led to the construction of a great many reservoirs throughout the state . Now , Oklahoma has the largest number of lakes created by dams of any state in the United States , with more than 200 . </P> <H2> Flora and fauna ( edit ) </H2> Populations of American bison inhabit the state 's prairie ecosystems . <P> Forests cover 24 percent of Oklahoma , and prairie grasslands , composed of shortgrass , mixed - grass , and tallgrass prairie , harbor expansive ecosystems in the state 's central and western portions . Where rainfall is sparse in the western regions of the state , shortgrass prairie and shrublands are the most prominent ecosystems , though pinyon pines , junipers , and ponderosa pines grow near rivers and creek beds in the far western reaches of the panhandle . Marshlands , cypress forests and mixtures of shortleaf pine , loblolly pine , sabal minor , and deciduous forests dominate the state 's southeastern quarter , while mixtures of largely post oak , elm , cedar and pine forests cover the Ozark Mountains in northeastern Oklahoma . Many rare , relic species such as sugar maple , bigtooth maple , southern live oak , and nolina inhabit Southwestern Oklahoma and the Wichita Mountains . </P> <P> The state holds large populations of white - tailed deer , coyotes , bobcats , elk , and birds such as quail , doves , cardinals , bald eagles , red - tailed hawks , and pheasants . In prairie ecosystems , american bison , greater prairie - chickens , badgers , and armadillo are common , and some of the nation 's largest prairie dog towns inhabit shortgrass prairie in the state 's panhandle . The Cross Timbers , a region transitioning from prairie to woodlands in Central Oklahoma , harbors 351 vertebrate species . The Ouachita Mountains are home to black bear , red fox , grey fox , and river otter populations , which coexist with a total of 328 vertebrate species in southeastern Oklahoma . </P> <H2> Protected lands ( edit ) </H2> Mesas rise above Oklahoma 's Glass Mountain state park . Main article : List of Oklahoma state parks <P> Oklahoma has 41 state parks , two national protected forests or grasslands , and a network of wildlife preserves and conservation areas . Six percent of the state 's 10 million acres ( 40,000 km ) of forest is public land , including the western portions of the Ouachita National Forest , the largest and oldest national forest in the southern United States . With 39,000 acres ( 160 km ) , the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north - central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area , once covering 14 states . In addition , the Black Kettle National Grassland covers 31,300 acres ( 127 km ) of prairie in southwestern Oklahoma . The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge is the oldest and largest of nine national wildlife refuges in the state and was founded in 1901 , encompassing 59,020 acres ( 238.8 km ) . Of Oklahoma 's federally protected park or recreational sites , the Chickasaw National Recreation Area is the largest , with 4,500 acres ( 18 km ) . Other federal protected sites include the Santa Fe and Trail of Tears national historic trails , the Fort Smith and Washita Battlefield national historic sites , and the Oklahoma City National Memorial . </P> <H2> Climate ( edit ) </H2> Oklahoma map of Köppen climate classification . Hickory , pine , and oak forests dominate Northeastern Oklahoma , which receives far more rain than western areas of the state . <P> Oklahoma sits at a frequent crossroads between three different air masses : warm , humid air from the Gulf of Mexico , warm to hot , dry air from Mexico and the Southwestern U.S. , and cold , dry air from Canada . Especially from fall to spring , Oklahoma sees frequent air mass changes , which can produce drastic swings in temperature and humidity . Much of the state is often subjected to extremes in temperature , wind , drought , and rainfall . Most of the state lies in an area known as Tornado Alley characterized by frequent interaction between cold and warm air masses , producing severe weather , with the highest - risk months from April to June . An average of 62 tornadoes strike the state per year -- one of the highest rates in the world . Because of its position between zones of differing prevailing temperature and winds , weather patterns within the state can vary widely between relatively short distances . Precipitation occurs year - round , but average monthly precipitation is generally lowest in the winter months , rises dramatically to a peak in May ( the year 's wettest month virtually statewide , owing to frequent , and not uncommonly severe , thunderstorm activity ) , and decreases again by mid-summer , when long stretches of hot , dry weather are common in July and August many years . Early fall ( September and early October ) often sees a secondary precipitation maximum , and from late October to December precipitation generally decreases again . See climate data for Oklahoma City and Tulsa , OK . </P> <P> Eastern Oklahoma has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa ) heavily influenced by southerly winds bringing moisture from the Gulf of Mexico and has hot , humid summers and generally mild winters , but with sometimes - dramatic cold spells , sometimes accompanied by snow , sleet or freezing rain . This transitions progressively to a semi-arid zone ( Köppen BSk ) in the high plains of the Panhandle , where a drier climate prevails , with somewhat - colder winters and similarly - hot summers but much lower humidity . Other central to western areas of the state , including Lawton and Enid in the transition zone , are also less affected by moisture from the Gulf of Mexico , and tend to be drier than Oklahoma 's eastern counties . Precipitation and temperatures fall from east to west accordingly , with areas in the southeast averaging an annual temperature of 62 ° F ( 17 ° C ) and an annual rainfall of as high as 56 inches ( 1,420 mm ) , while areas of the panhandle average 58 ° F ( 14 ° C ) , with an annual rainfall under 17 inches ( 430 mm ) . All of the state frequently experiences temperatures above 100 ° F ( 38 ° C ) , or below 0 ° F ( − 18 ° C ) ( though subzero temperatures are rare in southeastern Oklahoma ) , and snowfall ranges from an average of less than 4 inches ( 10 cm ) in the far south to just over 20 inches ( 51 cm ) on the border of Colorado in the panhandle . The state is home to the National Storm Prediction Center of the National Weather Service located at Norman . Winter and spring weather often is influenced by the El Niño Southern Oscillation . Winters during El Niño are cooler than average and wetter across the western portion of the state due to an amplified southern jet stream . During La Niña , the storm track is further north , therefore winters are warmer than average and drier in the western part of the state . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> 2009 -- 18 Oklahoma earthquake swarms </Li> <Li> Geology of Oklahoma </Li> <Li> List of Oklahoma tri-points </Li> </Ul> <H2> Additional reading ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Robert Lowitt , `` Environment and cultural ecology ''

Oklahoma's 10 geographic regions are defined by surface features called

Oklahoma's 10 geographic regions are defined by surface features called?

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Habitat - wikipedia <H1> Habitat </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For other uses , see Habitat ( disambiguation ) . `` Breeding ground '' redirects here . For the Canadian alternative rock band , see Breeding Ground ( band ) . This coral reef in the Phoenix Islands Protected Area is a rich habitat for sea life . Few creatures make the ice shelves of Antarctica their habitat . Ibex in alpine habitat <P> In ecology , a habitat is the kind of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives . It is characterized by both physical and biological features . A species ' habitat is those places where it can find food , shelter , protection and mates for reproduction . </P> <P> The physical factors are for example soil , moisture , range of temperature , and light intensity as well as biotic factors such as the availability of food and the presence or absence of predators . Every organism has certain habitat needs for the conditions in which it will thrive , but some are tolerant of wide variations while others are very specific in their requirements . A habitat is not necessarily a geographical area , it can be the interior of a stem , a rotten log , a rock or a clump of moss , and for a parasitic organism it is the body of its host , part of the host 's body such as the digestive tract , or a single cell within the host 's body . </P> <P> Habitat types include polar , temperate , subtropical and tropical . The terrestrial vegetation type may be forest , steppe , grassland , semi-arid or desert . Fresh water habitats include marshes , streams , rivers , lakes , ponds and estuaries , and marine habitats include salt marshes , the coast , the intertidal zone , reefs , bays , the open sea , the sea bed , deep water and submarine vents . </P> <P> Habitats change over time . This may be due to a violent event such as the eruption of a volcano , an earthquake , a tsunami , a wildfire or a change in oceanic currents ; or the change may be more gradual over millennia with alterations in the climate , as ice sheets and glaciers advance and retreat , and as different weather patterns bring changes of precipitation and solar radiation . Other changes come as a direct result of human activities ; deforestation , the ploughing of ancient grasslands , the diversion and damming of rivers , the draining of marshland and the dredging of the seabed . The introduction of alien species can have a devastating effect on native wildlife , through increased predation , through competition for resources or through the introduction of pests and diseases to which the native species have no immunity . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Definition and etymology </Li> <Li> 2 Environmental factors </Li> <Li> 3 Types </Li> <Li> 4 Microhabitats </Li> <Li> 5 Extreme habitats </Li> <Li> 6 Habitat change </Li> <Li> 7 Habitat protection </Li> <Li> 8 Monotypic habitat </Li> <Li> 9 See also </Li> <Li> 10 Notes and references </Li> <Li> 11 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Definition and etymology ( edit ) </H2> <P> The word `` habitat '' has been in use since about 1755 and derives from the Latin habitāre , to inhabit , from habēre , to have or to hold . Habitat can be defined as the natural environment of an organism , the type of place in which it is natural for it to live and grow . It is similar in meaning to a biotope ; an area of uniform environmental conditions associated with a particular community of plants and animals . </P> <H2> Environmental factors ( edit ) </H2> <P> The chief environmental factors affecting the distribution of living organisms are temperature , humidity , climate , soil type and light intensity , and the presence or absence of all the requirements that the organism needs to sustain it . Generally speaking , animal communities are reliant on specific types of plant communities . </P> <P> Some plants and animals are generalists , and their habitat requirements are met in a wide range of locations . The small white butterfly ( Pieris rapae ) for example is found on all the continents of the world apart from Antarctica . Its larvae feed on a wide range of Brassicas and various other plant species , and it thrives in any open location with diverse plant associations . The large blue butterfly is much more specific in its requirements ; it is found only in chalk grassland areas , its larvae feed on Thymus species and because of complex lifecycle requirements it inhabits only areas in which Myrmica ants live . </P> <P> Disturbance is important in the creation of biodiverse habitats . In the absence of disturbance , a climax vegetation cover develops that prevents the establishment of other species . Wildflower meadows are sometimes created by conservationists but most of the flowering plants used are either annuals or biennials and disappear after a few years in the absence of patches of bare ground on which their seedlings can grow . Lightning strikes and toppled trees in tropical forests allow species richness to be maintained as pioneering species move in to fill the gaps created . Similarly coastal habitats can become dominated by kelp until the seabed is disturbed by a storm and the algae swept away , or shifting sediment exposes new areas for colonisation . Another cause of disturbance is when an area may be overwhelmed by an invasive introduced species which is not kept under control by natural enemies in its new habitat . </P> <H2> Types ( edit ) </H2> Rich rainforest habitat in Dominica <P> Terrestrial habitat types include forests , grasslands , wetlands and deserts . Within these broad biomes are more specific habitats with varying climate types , temperature regimes , soils , altitudes and vegetation types . Many of these habitats grade into each other and each one has its own typical communities of plants and animals . A habitat may suit a particular species well , but its presence or absence at any particular location depends to some extent on chance , on its dispersal abilities and its efficiency as a coloniser . </P> Wetland habitats in Borneo <P> Freshwater habitats include rivers , streams , lakes , ponds , marshes and bogs . Although some organisms are found across most of these habitats , the majority have more specific requirements . The water velocity , its temperature and oxygen saturation are important factors , but in river systems , there are fast and slow sections , pools , bayous and backwaters which provide a range of habitats . Similarly , aquatic plants can be floating , semi-submerged , submerged or grow in permanently or temporarily saturated soils besides bodies of water . Marginal plants provide important habitat for both invertebrates and vertebrates , and submerged plants provide oxygenation of the water , absorb nutrients and play a part in the reduction of pollution . </P> <P> Marine habitats include brackish water , estuaries , bays , the open sea , the intertidal zone , the sea bed , reefs and deep / shallow water zones . Further variations include rock pools , sand banks , mudflats , brackish lagoons , sandy and pebbly beaches , and seagrass beds , all supporting their own flora and fauna . The benthic zone or seabed provides a home for both static organisms , anchored to the substrate , and for a large range of organisms crawling on or burrowing into the surface . Some creatures float among the waves on the surface of the water , or raft on floating debris , others swim at a range of depths , including organisms in the demersal zone close to the seabed , and myriads of organisms drift with the currents and form the plankton . </P> Desert scene in Egypt <P> A desert is not the kind of habitat that favours the presence of amphibians , with their requirement for water to keep their skins moist and for the development of their young . Nevertheless , some frogs live in deserts , creating moist habitats underground and hibernating while conditions are adverse . Couch 's spadefoot toad ( Scaphiopus couchii ) emerges from its burrow when a downpour occurs and lays its eggs in the transient pools that form ; the tadpoles develop with great rapidity , sometimes in as little as nine days , undergo metamorphosis , and feed voraciously before digging a burrow of their own . </P> <P> Other organisms cope with the drying up of their aqueous habitat in other ways . Vernal pools are ephemeral ponds that form in the rainy season and dry up afterwards . They have their specially - adapted characteristic flora , mainly consisting of annuals , the seeds of which survive the drought , but also some uniquely adapted perennials . Animals adapted to these extreme habitats also exist ; fairy shrimps can lay `` winter eggs '' which are resistant to desiccation , sometimes being blown about with the dust , ending up in new depressions in the ground . These can survive in a dormant state for as long as fifteen years . Some killifish behave in a similar way ; their eggs hatch and the juvenile fish grow with great rapidity when the conditions are right , but the whole population of fish may end up as eggs in diapause in the dried up mud that was once a pond . </P> <P> Many animals and plants have taken up residence in urban environments . They tend to be adaptable generalists and use the town 's features to make their homes . Rats and mice have followed man around the globe , pigeons , peregrines , sparrows , swallows and house martins use the buildings for nesting , bats use roof space for roosting , foxes visit the garbage bins and squirrels , coyotes , raccoons and skunks roam the streets . About 2,000 coyotes are thought to live in and around Chicago . A survey of dwelling houses in northern European cities in the twentieth century found about 175 species of invertebrate inside them , including 53 species of beetle , 21 flies , 13 butterflies and moths , 13 mites , 9 lice , 7 bees , 5 wasps , 5 cockroaches , 5 spiders , 4 ants and a number of other groups . In warmer climates , termites are serious pests in the urban habitat ; 183 species are known to affect buildings and 83 species cause serious structural damage . </P> <H2> Microhabitats ( edit ) </H2> <P> A microhabitat is the small - scale physical requirements of a particular organism or population . Every habitat includes large numbers of microhabitats with subtly different exposure to light , humidity , temperature , air movement , and other factors . The lichens that grow on the north face of a boulder are different to those that grow on the south face , from those on the level top and those that grow on the ground nearby ; the lichens growing in the grooves and on the raised surfaces are different from those growing on the veins of quartz . Lurking among these miniature `` forests '' are the microfauna , each species of invertebrate with its own specific habitat requirements . </P> <P> There are numerous different microhabitats in a wood ; coniferous forest , broad - leafed forest , open woodland , scattered trees , woodland verges , clearings and glades ; tree trunk , branch , twig , bud , leaf , flower and fruit ; rough bark , smooth bark , damaged bark , rotten wood , hollow , groove and hole ; canopy , shrub layer , plant layer , leaf litter and soil ; buttress root , stump , fallen log ,

Communities of similar organisms found in a particular environment are called

Communities of similar organisms found in a particular environment are called?

-6737486169677690795

DuckTales ( 2017 TV series ) - wikipedia <H1> DuckTales ( 2017 TV series ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the 2017 DuckTales television series . For the original 1987 series , see DuckTales . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> DuckTales </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Based on </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Uncle Scrooge by Carl Barks </Li> <Li> DuckTales by Jymn Magon </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Developed by </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Matt Youngberg </Li> <Li> Francisco Angones </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Voices of </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> David Tennant </Li> <Li> Danny Pudi </Li> <Li> Ben Schwartz </Li> <Li> Bobby Moynihan </Li> <Li> Kate Micucci </Li> <Li> Beck Bennett </Li> <Li> Toks Olagundoye </Li> <Li> Tony Anselmo </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Theme music composer </Th> <Td> Mark C. Mueller </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Opening theme </Th> <Td> `` DuckTales '' by Felicia Barton </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Composer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Dominic Lewis </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of seasons </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 9 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Production </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Executive producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Matt Youngberg </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Editor ( s ) </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jasmine Bocz </Li> <Li> Jon Price </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company ( s ) </Th> <Td> Disney Television Animation </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> Disney XD </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> August 12 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 12 ) -- present </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> External links </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Website </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> DuckTales is an American animated television series developed by Matt Youngberg and Francisco Angones for Disney XD . Produced by Disney Television Animation , the series is a reboot of the original 1987 series of the same name . DuckTales was announced in February 2015 and premiered on August 12 , 2017 with a 44 - minute special entitled `` Woo - oo ! '' . The first season , which resumed on September 23 , 2017 , will consist of 21 twenty - two minute episodes and an additional 44 - minute special . The series was renewed for a second season on March 2 , 2017 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Premise </Li> <Li> 2 Voice cast </Li> <Li> 3 Production </Li> <Li> 4 Episodes </Li> <Li> 5 Release <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Broadcast </Li> <Li> 5.2 Marketing </Li> <Li> 5.3 Home media </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Critical reception </Li> <Li> 7 Comic book </Li> <Li> 8 Notes </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Premise ( edit ) </H2> <P> After not speaking to each other for ten years , Scrooge McDuck is reunited with Donald Duck after he asks Scrooge to watch his three nephews Huey , Dewey , and Louie for the day . The presence of the newcomers rekindles Scrooge 's spirit of adventure , leading the group to go on many new treasure - hunting expeditions , while the nephews and their new friend Webby seek the truth behind their uncles ' broken relationship and the mysterious disappearance of Huey , Dewey , and Louie 's mother and Donald 's sister Della Duck . </P> <H2> Voice cast ( edit ) </H2> Main article : List of DuckTales characters <P> The show 's main voice cast include : </P> <Ul> <Li> David Tennant as Scrooge McDuck </Li> <Li> Danny Pudi as Huey Duck </Li> <Li> Ben Schwartz as Dewey Duck </Li> <Li> Bobby Moynihan as Louie Duck </Li> <Li> Kate Micucci as Webby Vanderquack </Li> <Li> Beck Bennett as Launchpad McQuack </Li> <Li> Toks Olagundoye as Mrs. Beakley </Li> <Li> Tony Anselmo as Donald Duck </Li> </Ul> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> <P> Matt Youngberg and Francisco Angones grew up watching the original series and had always wanted to develop an updated version for a newer generation . Youngberg said , `` We 're hoping that in thirty years , the kids who watch our show will then be bringing back the next version of DuckTales because they loved what we did so much . '' </P> <P> In May 2015 , Terry McGovern , the original voice of Launchpad McQuack , stated in an interview that the entire voice cast from the original series would not be returning for the reboot , which made him `` heartsick '' at the news . The new voice cast for the series was revealed on December 16 , 2016 in a video where they sing an a cappella version of the original theme song in promotion of the news . The following May , Lin - Manuel Miranda was announced as the voice of Fenton Crackshell / Gizmoduck . The character was changed to being Latino due to Lin - Manuel 's heritage and because Angones felt that there were not enough positive Latino superheroes . In June , more cast members , including Tony Anselmo reprising his role as Donald Duck , were announced , and during the 2017 San Diego Comic - Con , Disney announced that Darkwing Duck would also make an appearance in the TV series . </P> <P> The art style of the show is heavily influenced not just by Carl Barks ' original Uncle Scrooge comics , but also some of Barks ' paintings . The theme song , written by Mark Mueller for the 1987 series , was re-recorded for the 2017 reboot . It was arranged by Michael `` Smidi '' Smithand and TJ Stafford and sung by Felicia Barton . </P> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Storyboard by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> <Th> Prod . code </Th> <Th> U.S. viewers ( millions ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Woo - oo ! '' </Td> <Td> Dana Terrace John Aoshima </Td> <Td> Story by : Francisco Angones , Colleen Evanson , Noelle Stevenson , Madison Bateman , Nate Federman , Matt Youngberg Teleplay by : Francisco Angones </Td> <Td> Emmy Cicierega , Ben Holm , Jason Reicher David Baker , Matthew Humphreys , Tanner Johnson </Td> <Td> August 12 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 12 ) </Td> <Td> 101 -- 102 </Td> <Td> 0.28 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Donald Duck reluctantly leaves his nephews Huey , Dewey and Louie with his estranged uncle Scrooge McDuck , while he goes on a job interview . After Scrooge locks the boys into a room for making fun of him , the triplets come across Webby Vanderquack who befriends them and shows off a collection of relics and artifacts that Scrooge and Donald found during their previous adventures , only to accidentally release various ancients evils housed in them . After the kids help him to contain them back , Scrooge finds his thirst for adventure rekindled and decides to take all , along with his pilot Launchpad McQuack , to find the Lost Jewel of Atlantis . However , the group are unaware that Scrooge 's rival , Flintheart Glomgold ( Keith Ferguson ) , seeks the jewel as well and has hired Donald as his sailor , leading to a race against time to claim the relic . During their quest in Atlantis , Dewey argues with Scrooge about locking them up and not wanting them around , but in the end they reconcile . In the end , Scrooge is the one to get the Jewel , and Donald and the boys move into the McDuck Manor after an accident loses them their houseboat . Visiting Scrooge 's collection , Dewey discovers a painting of Scrooge , Donald , and the triplets ' long lost mother , Della . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Daytrip of Doom ! '' </Td> <Td> Dana Terrace </Td> <Td> Story by : Francisco Angones , Colleen Evanson , Bob Snow , Matt Youngberg , Madison Bateman , Christian Magalhaes , Rachel Vine Teleplay by : Rachel Vine </Td> <Td> Emmy Cicierega , Ben Holm , Jason Reicher </Td> <Td> September 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 23 ) </Td> <Td> 103 </Td> <Td> 0.34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Huey , Dewey and Louie decide to take Webby to Funso 's Fun Zone . However , due to the fact that she was locked in the Manor for almost all her life , Webby has trouble having fun and leads the boys into trouble as well . Even worse , all four get captured by the Beagle Boys ( Eric Bauza ) in an attempt to ransoming them off to Scrooge , much to the disapproval of Ma Beagle ( Margo Martindale ) . In the meantime , Donald and Mrs. Beakley ( Webby 's grandma ) argue , but after they recive the ransom , they work together to go and rescue the kids . Webby proves the boys how resourceful and skilled she is , as she manages to capture the Beagle Boys and Ma Beagle all on her own , much to everyone 's surprise . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` The Great Dime Chase ! '' </Td> <Td> John Aoshima </Td> <Td> Story by : Francisco Angones , Colleen Evanson , Bob Snow , Madison Bateman , Christian Magalhaes , Matt Youngberg Teleplay by : Madison Bateman </Td> <Td> David Baker , Matthew Humphreys , Tanner Johnson </Td> <Td> September 23 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 23 ) </Td> <Td> 105 </Td> <Td> 0.41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> After Scrooge decides to take Louie to his Money Bin ( to show him the value of work , as he was too lazy ) , Dewie and Webby start investigating the disappearence of Della , so they come with them as well . There , Louie loses Scrooge 's Number One Dime and decides to use Gyro Gearloose 's ( Jim Rash ) robotic lightbulb , Little Bulb , to get it back . However , he causes it to become a giant coin - collecting robot and has to stop him all on his own and retrive the Dime , before Scrooge notices . Meanwhile , Dewey and Webby face the McDuck Archives ' dedicated keeper Mrs. Quackfaster ( Susanne Blakeslee ) in order to gain information on Della . In the end , they find evidence that she might have betrayed Scrooge and Donald , and keep this a secret . By evening , Gyro analyzes the results of Little Bulb and its development of sentience . He concludes that controlling robots are the best guarantee to prevent destruction from happening again , and decides to start a new experiment : Project Blatherskite . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` The Beagle Birthday Massacre ! '' </Td> <Td> Dana Terrace </Td> <Td> Story by : Francisco Angones , Colleen Evanson , Bob Snow , Madison Bateman , Christian Magalhaes Teleplay by : Bob Snow </Td> <Td> Emmy Cicierega , Ben Holm , Jason Reicher </Td> <Td> September 30 , 2017 ( 2017 - 09 - 30 ) </Td> <Td> 106 </Td> <Td> 0.38 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> After crashing Ma Beagle 's birthday party , Webby and cool girl Lena ( Kimiko Glenn ) become friends . The extended Beagle clan eventually get their hands on Lena , but with the help of Huey , Dewey and Louie , Webby sets her free . Lena is later revealed to be the niece of evil sorceress Magica De Spell who is currently a shadow trapped in Lena 's amulet . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 5 </Th> <Td> `` Terror of the Terra - firmians ! '' </Td> <Td> Matthew Humphreys Tom Owens </Td> <Td> Story by : Francisco Angones , Madison Bateman , Colleen Evanson , Christian Magalhaes , Bob Snow Teleplay by

In the new DuckTales, Scrooge McDuck is played by

Who plays scrooge mcduck in the new ducktales?

-204697481439605710

I 'm in the Mood for Dancing - wikipedia <H1> I 'm in the Mood for Dancing </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by The Nolan Sisters </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> from the album Nolan Sisters </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> B - side </Th> <Td> `` Let 's Make Love '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> 3 November 1979 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Format </Th> <Td> 7 '' Vinyl </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Disco pop </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 3 : 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Epic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Ben Findon , Mike Myers , Bob Puzey </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Ben Findon </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> The Nolan Sisters singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Spirit , Body and Soul '' ( 1979 ) </Td> <Td> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing '' ( 1979 ) </Td> <Td> `` Do n't Make Waves '' ( 1980 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Spirit , Body and Soul '' ( 1979 ) </Td> <Td> `` I 'm In the Mood for Dancing '' ( 1979 ) </Td> <Td> `` Do n't Make Waves '' ( 1980 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing '' is a single by the Irish pop group , The Nolan Sisters . Originally released in November 1979 , the song became a top three hit in the UK in February 1980 . A blend of pop and disco , it has since become synonymous with the group and remains their biggest hit . It was also a hit in many countries around the world such as New Zealand and Japan , where it was a number one hit . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Song information </Li> <Li> 2 Chart performance </Li> <Li> 3 Track listing </Li> <Li> 4 Charts </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Song information ( edit ) </H2> <P> The song was originally recorded as part of the Nolan Sisters ' first mainstream pop album , simply titled Nolan Sisters in 1979 . It was written by Ben Findon , Mike Myers and Bob Puzey , and featured lead vocals by group member Bernie Nolan . </P> <P> The group recorded a promotional video for the song , which featured youngest sister Coleen , even though she was not an official member of the group at the time and was not featured on the recording . Soon after the release of this song , the group changed their name to The Nolans and Coleen became a full - time member , replacing eldest sister Anne . </P> <H2> Chart performance ( edit ) </H2> <P> The song became the second single from the album , following the group 's first UK top 40 hit , `` Spirit , Body and Soul '' some weeks earlier . After a slow start in the charts , the single became their first top 10 hit in January 1980 , eventually peaking at number 3 during a 15 - week chart run . The single was certified Gold by the BPI . </P> <P> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing '' charted well elsewhere , particularly so in Japan , where it reached number 1 - a rarity for English - language songs at the time , and began a run of success for the group there . Released as 「 ダンシング ・ シスター 」 ( literal romanisation : `` Dancing Sister ( s ) '' ) , it remained at no . 1 for two weeks and sold 670,000 copies . Eventually , the group recorded a version of the song in Japanese . </P> <P> The group have re-recorded `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing '' a number of times , with two further single releases of the song in the UK . Firstly in 1989 and again in 1995 - both times reaching the lower regions of the charts . In 2009 , The Nolans reunited and embarked on a UK and Ireland tour in honour of the 30th anniversary of `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing '' , with the tour and accompanying album titled I 'm in the Mood Again . </P> <H2> Track listing ( edit ) </H2> <P> 1979 single </P> <Ol> <Li> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing '' ( 3 : 16 ) </Li> <Li> `` Let 's Make Love '' ( 2 : 56 ) </Li> </Ol> <Ul> <Li> Epic Records , produced by Ben Findon </Li> </Ul> <P> 1989 single </P> <Ol> <Li> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing ' 89 '' </Li> <Li> `` No Question '' </Li> </Ol> <Ul> <Li> BCM Records , produced by Barry Upton </Li> </Ul> <P> 1995 single </P> <Ol> <Li> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing ( From Hell Radio Edit ) '' ( 3 : 10 ) </Li> <Li> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing ( From Hell Club Mix ) '' ( 5 : 05 ) </Li> <Li> `` I 'm in the Mood for Dancing ( Original Version ) '' ( 3 : 00 ) </Li> <Li> `` Somebody Loves You '' ( 3 : 55 ) </Li> </Ol> <Ul> <Li> Living Beat Records , produced by Clive Scott and Ray Hedges </Li> </Ul> <H2> Charts ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 1980 ) </Th> <Th> Peak position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Australia ( ARIA ) </Td> <Td> 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ireland ( Irish Singles Chart ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Japan ( Oricon Singles Chart ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Netherlands ( Dutch Singles Chart ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> New Zealand ( New Zealand Singles Chart ) </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by `` Kaze wa Aki Iro / Eighteen '' by Seiko Matsuda </Td> <Td> Japanese Oricon Singles Chart number - one single 17 -- 24 November 1980 ( 2 weeks ) </Td> <Td> Succeeded by `` Koibitoyo '' by Mayumi Itsuwa </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> List of best - selling singles in Japan </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Chartstats - UK Chart details Archived 2012 - 10 - 18 at the Wayback Machine . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Larkin , Colin ( 1998 ) . The Encyclopedia of Popular Music 3rd Edition Volume V : Louvin , Charlie - Paul , Clarence . London : Macmillan . p. 3969 . ISBN 0 - 333 - 74134 - X </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ The most well known song I wrote I 'm in the Mood for Dancing </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ BPI - certifications - search `` Nolans '' Archived 2011 - 06 - 04 at the Wayback Machine . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Oricon Charts - Japanese No. 1s of the 1980s Archived 2010 - 01 - 23 at the Wayback Machine . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Nolans - I 'm in The Mood For Dancing ' 89 '' . Chart Stats. 1989 - 07 - 15 . Retrieved 2012 - 01 - 11 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Nolans - I 'm in The Mood For Dancing ( 1995 ) '' . Chart Stats . Retrieved 2012 - 01 - 11 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Kent , David ( 1993 ) . Australian Chart Book ( 1970 - 1992 ) . St Ives : Australian Chart Book . ISBN 0 - 646 - 11917 - 6 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Searchable Irish chart database Archived 2009 - 06 - 03 at WebCite </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : The Nolan Sisters - `` I 'm In the Mood for Dancing '' </Li> </Ol> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%27m_In_the_Mood_for_Dancing&oldid=825849671 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> 1979 singles </Li> <Li> 1979 songs </Li> <Li> British pop songs </Li> <Li> Songs about dancing </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Webarchive template wayback links </Li> <Li> Webarchive template webcite links </Li> <Li> Articles with hAudio microformats </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Nederlands </Li> <Li> 日本 語 </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 15 February 2018 , at 19 : 54 . </Li> <Li> Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

The song "I'm in the Mood for Dancing" was written by Ben Findon, Mike Myers, and

Who wrote i'm in the mood for dancing?

-2495593332815009891

Thumb twiddling - wikipedia <H1> Thumb twiddling </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Look up twiddle one 's thumbs in Wiktionary , the free dictionary . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Thumb twiddling is an activity that is done with the hands of an individual whereby the fingers are interlocked and the thumbs circle around a common focal point , usually in the middle of the distance between the two thumbs . </P> <P> While it is an expression of at least a moderate amount of manual dexterity , thumb twiddling is frequently used as an example of a useless , time - wasting activity . It has even been proposed as `` the ultimate exercise for the bored and lazy '' . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Reasons </Li> <Li> 2 Medical uses </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Reasons ( edit ) </H2> <P> Thumb twiddling is considered to be the same useless actives such as opening and closing doors and checking to see if a lock is bolted tight . It 's reported that thumb twiddling is common in individuals with obsessive -- compulsive disorder ( OCD ) . For some individuals , thumb twiddling is a result in being anxious or nervous , having anxiety , or simply doing it out of habit . </P> <H2> Medical uses ( edit ) </H2> <P> Thumb twiddling can be used as a simple test for manual dexterity . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Thumb wrestling </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Hayes , Justin Cord. 747 Things to Do on a Plane : From Lift - off to Landing , All You Need to Make Your Travels Fly By . F + W Publications , Inc. , 2008 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The fine art of Thumb Twiddling '' . Soph Laugh , 2011 - 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ O'Sullivan , Joanne . I Do n't Care If We 're There Yet : The Backseat Boredom Buster . Sterling Publishing Co Inc , 2008 , p. 19 . </Li> </Ol> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thumb_twiddling&oldid=832904270 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Hand games </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> Add links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 28 March 2018 , at 16 : 28 . </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

Rolling your thumbs is

What does it mean when you roll your thumbs?

4433669964771756966

List of 400 - yard passing games in the National Football League - wikipedia <H1> List of 400 - yard passing games in the National Football League </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <P> In the National Football League ( NFL ) , 130 different quarterbacks have passed for at least 400 yards in a single game : 309 times in the regular season and 20 more in the postseason . Sid Luckman was the first to pass for 400 yards , in 1943 . Drew Brees has recorded the most 400 - yard games , with 18 in total . Brees has also recorded the most 400 - yard postseason games , with 3 , including 2 consecutive in a single postseason ( unofficial 3 consecutive over two postseasons ) . Cam Newton is the only player to throw for 400 yards in his first career game , and the only rookie with two ( coincidentally consecutive ) 400 yard games . Don Strock is the only quarterback to have thrown for 400 yards in a game that he did not start . Kurt Warner and Tom Brady are the only two quarterbacks to have thrown a 400 - yard game in the Super Bowl . </P> <P> There have been nine occurrences of a quarterback recording two consecutive 400 - yard games . There have been 13 games where two opposing quarterbacks collected 400 passing yards in the same game . There have been five single - days ( September 21 , 1986 , January 1 , 2012 , October 26 , 2014 , October 18 , 2015 , and October 29 , 2017 ) where three quarterbacks recorded 400 - yard games . There has been one NFL week ( September 8 -- 12 , 2012 ) where four quarterbacks recorded 400 - yard games . </P> <P> Ken O'Brien and Nick Foles are the only quarterbacks to have earned a perfect 158.3 passer rating in a 400 - yard game . Including O'Brien's and Foles ' perfect passer rating games , there have been 13 times a quarterback earned a rating of 140 or higher in their 400 - yard games -- all were wins . Peyton Manning has the highest passer rating in a 400 - yard postseason game , with 145.7 . Randall Cunningham has the two lowest passer ratings in 400 - yard games , losing both his 50.5 and his 52.0 rated games . </P> <P> Sixteen quarterbacks have thrown one game each of at least 500 yards . Ben Roethlisberger is the only quarterback in NFL history to have thrown for at least 500 yards in three different games . Drew Brees is the only other quarterback with multiple 500 yard games , with two . Four of these quarterbacks never threw another 400 - yard game . Y.A. Tittle had the highest passer rating , 151.4 , for a 500 - yard game -- also tying the NFL record of 7 touchdown passes in that effort . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 List of 400 - yard games </Li> <Li> 2 Quarterbacks with multiple games of 400 or more yards passing </Li> <Li> 3 Quarterbacks with consecutive games of 400 or more yards </Li> <Li> 4 Top five games of 400 or more yards by category </Li> <Li> 5 Games with two 400 or more yard quarterbacks </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> List of 400 - yard games ( edit ) </H2> <P> Att = Attempts ; Comp . = Completions ; Yds = Yards ; TD = Touchdowns ; Int = Interceptions ; Rtg = Passer rating </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Legend </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 500 - yard game </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Postseason game </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Rookie season </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bold </Td> <Td> Milestone / record </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th> # </Th> <Th> Quarterback </Th> <Th> Date </Th> <Th> Team </Th> <Th> Opponent </Th> <Th> Result </Th> <Th> Cmp </Th> <Th> Att </Th> <Th> Yds </Th> <Th> TD </Th> <Th> Int </Th> <Th> Rtg </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 : </Td> <Td> Luckman , Sid Sid Luckman </Td> <Td> 000000001943 - 11 - 14 - 0000 November 14 , 1943 </Td> <Td> Chicago Bears </Td> <Td> @ New York Giants </Td> <Td> W 56 -- 7 </Td> <Td> 21 </Td> <Td> 32 </Td> <Td> 433 </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 135.4 </Td> <Td> NFL record ( set ) : Most touchdown passes thrown in a game . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 : </Td> <Td> Hardy , Jim Jim Hardy </Td> <Td> 000000001948 - 10 - 31 - 0000 October 31 , 1948 </Td> <Td> Los Angeles Rams </Td> <Td> Chicago Cardinals </Td> <Td> L 27 -- 22 </Td> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> 53 </Td> <Td> 406 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 81.2 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 : </Td> <Td> Baugh , Sammy Sammy Baugh </Td> <Td> 000000001948 - 10 - 31 - 0000 October 31 , 1948 </Td> <Td> Washington Redskins </Td> <Td> Boston Yanks </Td> <Td> W 59 -- 21 </Td> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> 446 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 0 </Td> <Td> 152.8 </Td> <Td> Most yards / attempt ( 18.6 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 : </Td> <Td> Lujack , Johnny Johnny Lujack </Td> <Td> 000000001949 - 12 - 11 - 0000 December 11 , 1949 </Td> <Td> Chicago Bears </Td> <Td> Chicago Cardinals </Td> <Td> W 52 -- 21 </Td> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> 39 </Td> <Td> 468 </Td> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 110.9 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 : </Td> <Td> Van Brocklin , Norm Norm Van Brocklin </Td> <Td> 000000001951 - 09 - 28 - 0000 September 28 , 1951 </Td> <Td> Los Angeles Rams </Td> <Td> New York Yanks </Td> <Td> W 54 -- 14 </Td> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> 41 </Td> <Td> 554 </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 128.3 </Td> <Td> NFL record : Most yardage </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 : </Td> <Td> Graham , Otto Otto Graham </Td> <Td> 000000001952 - 10 - 04 - 0000 October 4 , 1952 </Td> <Td> Cleveland Browns </Td> <Td> @ Pittsburgh Steelers </Td> <Td> W 21 -- 20 </Td> <Td> 21 </Td> <Td> 49 </Td> <Td> 401 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 58.3 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 : </Td> <Td> Thomason , Bobby Bobby Thomason </Td> <Td> 000000001953 - 11 - 08 - 0000 November 8 , 1953 </Td> <Td> Philadelphia Eagles </Td> <Td> New York Giants </Td> <Td> W 30 -- 7 </Td> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> 44 </Td> <Td> 437 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 106.0 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 : </Td> <Td> Layne , Bobby Bobby Layne </Td> <Td> 000000001958 - 12 - 13 - 0000 December 13 , 1958 </Td> <Td> Pittsburgh Steelers </Td> <Td> Chicago Cardinals </Td> <Td> W 38 -- 21 </Td> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> 49 </Td> <Td> 409 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 64.1 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 : </Td> <Td> Lee , Jacky Jacky Lee </Td> <Td> 000000001961 - 10 - 13 - 0000 October 13 , 1961 </Td> <Td> Houston Oilers </Td> <Td> @ Boston Patriots </Td> <Td> T 31 -- 31 </Td> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> 41 </Td> <Td> 457 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 99.3 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 : </Td> <Td> Jurgensen , Sonny Sonny Jurgensen </Td> <Td> 000000001961 - 10 - 29 - 0000 October 29 , 1961 </Td> <Td> Philadelphia Eagles </Td> <Td> @ Washington Redskins </Td> <Td> W 27 -- 24 </Td> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> 41 </Td> <Td> 436 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 105.3 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 : </Td> <Td> Blanda , George George Blanda </Td> <Td> 000000001961 - 10 - 29 - 0000 October 29 , 1961 </Td> <Td> Houston Oilers </Td> <Td> @ Buffalo Bills </Td> <Td> W 28 -- 16 </Td> <Td> 18 </Td> <Td> 32 </Td> <Td> 464 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 101.0 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 : </Td> <Td> Blanda , George George Blanda </Td> <Td> 000000001961 - 11 - 19 - 0000 November 19 , 1961 </Td> <Td> Houston Oilers </Td> <Td> New York Titans </Td> <Td> W 49 -- 13 </Td> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> 32 </Td> <Td> 418 </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 132.8 </Td> <Td> 2nd career 400 - yard game . First quarterback with more than one career 400 - yard game . NFL record ( tied ) : Most touchdown passes thrown in a game . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 : </Td> <Td> Jurgensen , Sonny Sonny Jurgensen </Td> <Td> 000000001961 - 12 - 17 - 0000 December 17 , 1961 </Td> <Td> Philadelphia Eagles </Td> <Td> @ Detroit Lions </Td> <Td> W 27 -- 24 </Td> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> 42 </Td> <Td> 403 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 99.6 </Td> <Td> 2nd career 400 - yard game . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 : </Td> <Td> Tripucka , Frank Frank Tripucka </Td> <Td> 000000001962 - 09 - 15 - 0000 September 15 , 1962 </Td> <Td> Denver Broncos </Td> <Td> @ Buffalo Bills </Td> <Td> W 23 -- 20 </Td> <Td> 29 </Td> <Td> 56 </Td> <Td> 447 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 68.1 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 : </Td> <Td> Tittle , Y.A. Y.A. Tittle </Td> <Td> 000000001962 - 10 - 28 - 0000 October 28 , 1962 </Td> <Td> New York Giants </Td> <Td> Washington Redskins </Td> <Td> W 49 -- 34 </Td> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> 39 </Td> <Td> 505 </Td> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> 0 </Td> <Td> 151.4 </Td> <Td> NFL record ( tied ) : Most touchdown passes thrown in a game . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 : </Td> <Td> Wade , Bill Bill Wade </Td> <Td> 000000001962 - 11 - 18 - 0000 November 18 , 1962 </Td> <Td> Chicago Bears </Td> <Td> @ Dallas Cowboys </Td> <Td> W 34 -- 33 </Td> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> 46 </Td> <Td> 466 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 91.4 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 : </Td> <Td> Jurgensen , Sonny Sonny Jurgensen </Td> <Td> 000000001962 - 12 - 16 - 0000 December 16 , 1962 </Td> <Td> Philadelphia Eagles </Td> <Td> @ St. Louis Cardinals </Td> <Td> L 45 -- 35 </Td> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> 34 </Td> <Td> 419 </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 93.0 </Td> <Td> 3rd career 400 - yard game . Surpassed George Blanda for most career 400 - yard games . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 : </Td> <Td> Johnson , Charley Charley Johnson </Td> <Td> 000000001963 - 10 - 13 - 0000 October 13 , 1963 </Td> <Td> St. Louis Cardinals </Td> <Td> Pittsburgh Steelers </Td> <Td> W 24 -- 23 </Td> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> 41 </Td> <Td> 428 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 92.3 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 19 : </Td> <Td> Meredith , Don Don Meredith </Td> <Td> 000000001963 - 11 - 10 - 0000 November 10 , 1963 </Td> <Td> Dallas Cowboys </Td> <Td> @ San Francisco 49ers </Td> <Td> L 31 -- 24 </Td> <Td> 30 </Td> <Td> 48 </Td> <Td> 460 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 106.3 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 : </Td> <Td> Snead , Norm Norm Snead </Td> <Td> 000000001963 - 11 - 17 - 0000 November 17 , 1963 </Td> <Td> Washington Redskins </Td> <Td> Pittsburgh Steelers </Td> <Td> L 34 -- 28 </Td> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> 40 </Td> <Td> 424 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 90.0 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 21 : </Td> <Td> Flores , Tom Tom Flores </Td> <Td> 000000001963 - 12 - 22 - 0000 December 22 , 1963 </Td> <Td> Oakland Raiders </Td> <Td> Houston Oilers </Td> <Td> W 52 -- 49 </Td> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> 29 </Td> <Td> 407 </Td> <Td>

The quarterback who holds the record for the most passing yards in NFL history in a single game is

Most passing yards in nfl history in a game?

2885278237105070353

a freeman of the city will also allow admission . In Great Grimsby , the widow of a freeman passes his rights to her second husband , who retains the privilege after either divorce from or death of the widow . The borough freedom is strongest in York , Chester , Newcastle upon Tyne and Coventry ; in Coventry , freedom is qualified by having served an apprenticeship . Durham and Northampton have extended their admission criteria to those who have served an apprenticeship without being ' bound ' ( trained ) by a freeman directly . Freemen of Newcastle upon Tyne are bestowed the right to graze cattle on the town moor . </P> Freedom of the city of London ( edit ) Lord Nelson 's certificate given him after becoming a Freeman of the City of London showing that he has Freedom Ari Norman 's Certificate of Freedom of the City of London Sir Tim Berners - Lee receiving the freedom of the City of London in 2014 <P> In England , the most established borough freedom is that conferred by the Freedom of the City of London , first recorded in 1237 . This is closely tied to the role and status of the livery companies . From 1835 , the freedom `` without the intervention of a Livery Company '' has been bestowed by a general resolution of Common Council , by `` redemption '' ( purchase ) , at one time for an onerous sum , but now for a donation to the Freemen 's School . </P> <P> New freemen are enrolled in a ceremony in Guildhall , when they receive a guide to conducting their lives in an honourable fashion and an impressive sealed certificate . Freemen 's children get admission preference at the City of London Freemen 's School . There are a number of rights traditionally but apocryphally associated with freemen -- the right to drive sheep and cattle over London Bridge ; to a silken rope , if hanged ; to carry a naked sword in public ; or that if the City of London Police finds a freeman drunk and incapable , they will bundle him or her into a taxi and send them home rather than throw them into a cell . While sheep have occasionally been driven over London Bridge on special occasions , the rest of these `` privileges '' are now effectively symbolic . </P> Mark Stephens with a sheep on London Bridge in 2009 <P> The right to herd sheep and cattle across London 's four bridges technically no longer applies , as there are no livestock markets in the city . Nevertheless , this right has been exercised , or the city has granted permission , periodically in modern times : </P> <Ul> <Li> On 19 August 1999 , Jef Smith , a freeman of London walked two sheep over Tower Bridge to bring attention to the rights of older citizens . </Li> <Li> On 17 June 2006 , a flock of about thirty sheep was driven across the Millennium Bridge to mark the start of London Architecture Week . </Li> <Li> On 31 August 2008 , Amanda Cottrell , former High Sheriff of Kent , marched six rams across London Bridge to promote fundraising for the restoration of Canterbury Cathedral and `` a scheme backing local food production '' . </Li> <Li> On 17 September 2008 , the Lord Mayor of London , David Lewis , and some 500 freemen drove a flock of Romney ewes in relay across London Bridge to raise funds for the Lord Mayor 's charities ( Orbis and Wellbeing of Women ) . </Li> </Ul> Freedom of the city of York ( edit ) <P> York has a long history of freemen dating back to the Anglo - Saxon period , with records dating back to 1272 . Freemen may claim their rights through patronage ( as far back as their great - great - grandparent , there are records of women being admitted in York in medieval times , a right forgotten for a time until the late 1970 's when the Gild carried out research and rediscovered it ) or apprenticeship . Once ' sworn in ' , freemen can join the Gild ( Archaic spelling used ) of Freemen who continue to take an interest in the affairs of the city . New admissions are made every year ( usually October ) following an admission ceremony with the Lord Mayor at the Guildhall . </P> <H3> Ireland ( edit ) </H3> This section is about Ireland . For Freedom awarded specifically in Dublin , see Freedom of the City of Dublin . <P> In Ireland , borough freedom of the city is generally given to noted foreign and national dignitaries and the list rarely exceeds a few dozen . As in the United Kingdom , the title generally comes with various ancient privileges -- for instance , freemen of Dublin are allowed the right to vote in certain elections , bring goods for sale in the city without customs and the right to pasture sheep on common ground such as College Green and St. Stephen 's Green . </P> <H2> Key to the city ( edit ) </H2> Russian President Dmitry Medvedev received the Golden Key to the City of Madrid during his state visit to Spain in March 2009 . See also : List of Keys to the City in the United States and List of Keys to the City in Canada For other uses , see Key to the City ( disambiguation ) . <P> In some countries , such as the United States , an ornamental key -- the `` Key to the City '' -- is presented to esteemed visitors , residents , or others whom the city wishes to honour . This practice is a variation on the Freedom of the City tradition , and has a similar symbolic meaning ; evoking medieval walled cities , the gates of which would be guarded during the day and locked at night , the key symbolises the freedom of the recipient to enter and leave the city at will , as a trusted friend of city residents . </P> <P> In some cities in the Netherlands , Belgium , and Germany , the key to the city is given to the so - called `` prince carnival ( nl ) '' who leads the carnivals which take place the week prior to Septuagesima . The tradition is that the mayor steps down for this period and power is transferred to the prince carnival , who then returns the key at the end of Shrove Tuesday / Mardi Gras . Today , the handing over of the key is mostly symbolic and marks the start and end of the carnival . </P> <P> In Calgary , Alberta , Canada , instead of a key , esteemed visitors receive a white cowboy hat and usually recite one of two oaths ( one formal , the other more silly ) to become honorary Calgarians . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> List of Freedom of the City recipients ( military ) </Li> <Li> Honorary citizenship </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` 1985 -- 75th Anniversary Naval Service of Canada '' . Royal Canadian Navy . Archived from the original on 12 September 2012 . Retrieved 21 November 2012 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Section 248 of Text of the Local Government Act 1972 as in force today ( including any amendments ) within the United Kingdom , from legislation.gov.uk </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Sections 27 and 28 of the Text of the Local Democracy , Economic Development and Construction Act 2009 as in force today ( including any amendments ) within the United Kingdom , from legislation.gov.uk </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Text of the Section 249 of the Local Government Act 1972 as in force today ( including any amendments ) within the United Kingdom , from legislation.gov.uk </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Text of the Section 249 of the Local Democracy , Economic Development and Construction Act 2009 as in force today ( including any amendments ) within the United Kingdom , from legislation.gov.uk </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Gild of Freemen of the City of York '' . Retrieved 24 June 2011 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Moor '' . The Freemen of Newcastle upon Tyne . Archived from the original on 8 October 2013 . Retrieved 13 November 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Freedom of the City '' . City of London . Archived from the original on 13 January 2016 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Protest Freeman herds sheep over Tower Bridge '' . BBC News . 19 August 1999 . Retrieved 15 November 2010 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Sheep flock driven through city '' . BBC News . 17 June 2006 . Retrieved 4 January 2010 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Sheep marched over London Bridge '' . BBC News . 31 August 2008 . Retrieved 4 January 2010 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Sheep march over bridge for money '' . BBC News . 19 September 2008 . Retrieved 4 January 2010 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Register of the Freemen of the City of York - British History Online '' . www.british-history.ac.uk . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Key to the City of New York '' . New York City Commission for the United Nations , Consular Corps and Protocol . Archived from the original on 14 November 2011 . Retrieved 6 November 2011 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` White Hat Ceremony '' . Visit Calgary . Archived from the original on 22 November 2012 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Guild of Freemen of the City of London </Li> <Li> Freedom of the City of London </Li> <Li> The Gild of Freemen of the City of York </Li> <Li> Freemen of the City of Liverpool </Li> </Ul> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_of_the_City&oldid=837920831 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Freedom of the City </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Use dmy dates from July 2015 </Li> <Li> EngvarB from July 2015 </Li> <Li> Interlanguage link template link number </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Deutsch </Li> <Li> Español </Li> <Li> Français </Li> <Li> Italiano </Li> <Li> Nederlands </Li> <Li> Português </Li> <Li> Simple English </Li> <Li> Suomi </Li> <Li> Svenska </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 23 April 2018 , at 20 : 48 . </Li> <Li> Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

The phrase "keys to the city"

What does the keys to the city mean?

1615626468308135253

Topographic map - wikipedia <H1> Topographic map </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the anatomy concept , see Topographic map ( neuroanatomy ) . For a broader coverage related to this topic , see Terrain cartography . A topographic map with contour lines Part of the same map in a perspective shaded relief view illustrating how the contour lines follow the terrain Section of topographical map of Nablus area ( West Bank ) with contour lines at 100 - meter intervals . Heights are colour - coded <P> In modern mapping , a topographic map is a type of map characterized by large - scale detail and quantitative representation of relief , usually using contour lines , but historically using a variety of methods . Traditional definitions require a topographic map to show both natural and man - made features . A topographic map is typically published as a map series , made up of two or more map sheets that combine to form the whole map . A contour line is a line connecting places of equal elevation . </P> <P> Natural Resources Canada provides this description of topographic maps : </P> <P> These maps depict in detail ground relief ( landforms and terrain ) , drainage ( lakes and rivers ) , forest cover , administrative areas , populated areas , transportation routes and facilities ( including roads and railways ) , and other man - made features . </P> <P> Other authors define topographic maps by contrasting them with another type of map ; they are distinguished from smaller - scale `` chorographic maps '' that cover large regions , `` planimetric maps '' that do not show elevations , and `` thematic maps '' that focus on specific topics . </P> <P> However , in the vernacular and day to day world , the representation of relief ( contours ) is popularly held to define the genre , such that even small - scale maps showing relief are commonly ( and erroneously , in the technical sense ) called `` topographic '' . </P> <P> The study or discipline of topography is a much broader field of study , which takes into account all natural and man - made features of terrain . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History </Li> <Li> 2 Uses </Li> <Li> 3 Conventions </Li> <Li> 4 Publishers of national topographic map series <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Australia </Li> <Li> 4.2 Austria </Li> <Li> 4.3 Canada </Li> <Li> 4.4 China </Li> <Li> 4.5 Colombia </Li> <Li> 4.6 Denmark </Li> <Li> 4.7 Finland </Li> <Li> 4.8 France </Li> <Li> 4.9 Germany </Li> <Li> 4.10 Greece </Li> <Li> 4.11 Hong Kong </Li> <Li> 4.12 India </Li> <Li> 4.13 Japan </Li> <Li> 4.14 Nepal </Li> <Li> 4.15 Netherlands </Li> <Li> 4.16 New Zealand </Li> <Li> 4.17 Pakistan </Li> <Li> 4.18 Portugal </Li> <Li> 4.19 Romania </Li> <Li> 4.20 Russia </Li> <Li> 4.21 Spain </Li> <Li> 4.22 South Africa </Li> <Li> 4.23 Switzerland </Li> <Li> 4.24 Taiwan </Li> <Li> 4.25 United Kingdom </Li> <Li> 4.26 United States </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> See also : Topography § Etymology , Cadastre § History , and Cartography § History <P> Topographic maps are based on topographical surveys . Performed at large scales , these surveys are called topographical in the old sense of topography , showing a variety of elevations and landforms . This is in contrast to older cadastral surveys , which primarily show property and governmental boundaries . The first multi-sheet topographic map series of an entire country , the Carte géométrique de la France , was completed in 1789 . The Great Trigonometric Survey of India , started by the East India Company in 1802 , then taken over by the British Raj after 1857 was notable as a successful effort on a larger scale and for accurately determining heights of Himalayan peaks from viewpoints over one hundred miles distant . </P> Global indexing system first developed for International Map of the World <P> Topographic surveys were prepared by the military to assist in planning for battle and for defensive emplacements ( thus the name and history of the United Kingdom 's Ordnance Survey ) . As such , elevation information was of vital importance . </P> <P> As they evolved , topographic map series became a national resource in modern nations in planning infrastructure and resource exploitation . In the United States , the national map - making function which had been shared by both the Army Corps of Engineers and the Department of the Interior migrated to the newly created United States Geological Survey in 1879 , where it has remained since . </P> <P> 1913 saw the beginning of the International Map of the World initiative , which set out to map all of Earth 's significant land areas at a scale of 1 : 1 million , on about one thousand sheets , each covering four degrees latitude by six or more degrees longitude . Excluding borders , each sheet was 44 cm high and ( depending on latitude ) up to 66 cm wide . Although the project eventually foundered , it left an indexing system that remains in use . </P> <P> By the 1980s , centralized printing of standardized topographic maps began to be superseded by databases of coordinates that could be used on computers by moderately skilled end users to view or print maps with arbitrary contents , coverage and scale . For example , the Federal government of the United States ' TIGER initiative compiled interlinked databases of federal , state and local political borders and census enumeration areas , and of roadways , railroads , and water features with support for locating street addresses within street segments . TIGER was developed in the 1980s and used in the 1990 and subsequent decennial censuses . Digital elevation models ( DEM ) were also compiled , initially from topographic maps and stereographic interpretation of aerial photographs and then from satellite photography and radar data . Since all these were government projects funded with taxes and not classified for national security reasons , the datasets were in the public domain and freely usable without fees or licensing . </P> <P> TIGER and DEM datasets greatly facilitated Geographic information systems and made the Global Positioning System much more useful by providing context around locations given by the technology as coordinates . Initial applications were mostly professionalized forms such as innovative surveying instruments and agency - level GIS systems tended by experts . By the mid-1990s , increasingly user - friendly resources such as online mapping in two and three dimensions , integration of GPS with mobile phones and automotive navigation systems appeared . As of 2011 , the future of standardized , centrally printed topographical maps is left somewhat in doubt . </P> <H2> Uses ( edit ) </H2> Curvimeter used to measure the length of a curve <P> Topographic maps have multiple uses in the present day : any type of geographic planning or large - scale architecture ; earth sciences and many other geographic disciplines ; mining and other earth - based endeavours ; civil engineering and recreational uses such as hiking and orienteering . </P> <H2> Conventions ( edit ) </H2> For more details on this topic , see contour lines § elevation and depth . <P> The various features shown on the map are represented by conventional signs or symbols . For example , colors can be used to indicate a classification of roads . These signs are usually explained in the margin of the map , or on a separately published characteristic sheet . </P> <P> Topographic maps are also commonly called contour maps or topo maps . In the United States , where the primary national series is organized by a strict 7.5 - minute grid , they are often called topo quads or quadrangles . </P> <P> Topographic maps conventionally show topography , or land contours , by means of contour lines . Contour lines are curves that connect contiguous points of the same altitude ( isohypse ) . In other words , every point on the marked line of 100 m elevation is 100 m above mean sea level . </P> <P> These maps usually show not only the contours , but also any significant streams or other bodies of water , forest cover , built - up areas or individual buildings ( depending on scale ) , and other features and points of interest . </P> <P> Today , topographic maps are prepared using photogrammetric interpretation of aerial photography , lidar and other Remote sensing techniques . Older topographic maps were prepared using traditional surveying instruments . </P> <H2> Publishers of National topographic map series ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> It has been suggested that this section be split out into another article titled National topographic map series . ( Discuss ) ( July 2014 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> See also : National Mapping Agency and Map series <P> Although virtually the entire terrestrial surface of Earth has been mapped at scale 1 : 1,000,000 , medium and large - scale mapping has been accomplished intensively in some countries and much less in others . Nevertheless , national mapping programs listed below are only a partial selection . Several commercial vendors supply international topographic map series . </P> <H3> Australia ( edit ) </H3> <P> The NMIG ( National Mapping Information Group ) of Geoscience Australia is the Australian Government 's national mapping agency . It provides topographic maps and data to meet the needs of the sustainable development of the nation . The Office of Spatial Data Management provides an online free map service MapConnect . These topographic maps of scales 1 : 250,000 and 1 : 100,000 are available in printed form from the Sales Centre . 1 : 50,000 and 1 : 25,000 maps are produced in conjunction with the Department of Defence . </P> <H3> Austria ( edit ) </H3> <P> Austrian Maps ( German : Österreichische Karte ( ÖK ) ) is the government agency producing maps of Austria , which are distributed by Bundesamt für Eich - und Vermessungswesen ( BEV ) in Vienna . The maps are published at scales 1 : 25,000 1 : 50,000 1 : 200,000 and 1 : 500,000 . Maps can also be viewed online . </P> <H3> Canada ( edit ) </H3> <P> The Centre for Topographic Information produces topographic maps of Canada at scales of 1 : 50,000 and 1 : 250,000 . They are known as the National Topographic System ( NTS ) . A government proposal to discontinue publishing of all hardcopy or paper topographic maps in favor of digital - only mapping data was shelved in 2005 after intense public opposition . </P> <H3> China ( edit ) </H3> <P> The State Bureau of Surveying and Cartography compiles topographic maps at 1 : 25,000 and 1 : 50,000 scales . It is reported that these maps are accurate and attractively printed in seven colors , and that successive editions show progressive improvement in accuracy . </P> <P> These large - scale maps are the basis for maps at smaller scales . Maps at scales 1 : 4,000,000 or smaller are exported by Cartographic Publishing House , Beijing while larger - scale maps are restricted as state secrets , and prohibited from publishing by legislation , all except Hong Kong and Macau . China 's topographic maps follow the international system of subdivision with 1 : 100,000 maps spanning 30 minutes longitude by 20 minutes latitude . </P> <H3> Colombia ( edit ) </H3> <P> The Geographic Institute Agustín Codazzi is the government entity responsible for producing and distributing topographic maps of Colombia in 1 : 500,000 and 1 : 100,000 scales . These and several other Geographic information services can be accessed using the Instituto Geográfico Agustin Codazzi website in Spanish . </P> <H3> Denmark ( edit ) </H3> <P> The National Survey and Cadastre of Denmark is responsible

One element that a topographic map shows is

What is one element a topographic map shows?

8848582210866367992

2017 Nobel Peace Prize - wikipedia <H1> 2017 Nobel Peace Prize </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> The Nobel Peace Prize </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Awarded for </Th> <Td> Outstanding contributions to peace </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> 6 October 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 06 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> Oslo </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> Norway </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Presented by </Th> <Td> Norwegian Nobel Committee </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reward ( s ) </Th> <Td> 9 million SEK ( $ 1.11 M , € 0.94 M ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> First awarded </Th> <Td> 1901 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 2017 laureate </Th> <Td> International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> ← 2016 </Li> <Li> Nobel Peace Prize </Li> <Li> 2018 → </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The 2017 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons ( ICAN ) `` for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground - breaking efforts to achieve a treaty - based prohibition on such weapons , '' according to the Norwegian Nobel Committee announcement on October 6 , 2017 . The award announcement acknowledged the fact that `` the world 's nine nuclear - armed powers and their allies '' neither signed nor supported the treaty - based prohibition known as the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons or nuclear ban treaty , yet in an interview Committee Chair Berit Reiss - Andersen told reporters that the award was intended to give `` encouragement to all players in the field '' to disarm . The award was hailed by civil society as well as governmental and intergovernmental representatives who support the nuclear ban treaty , but drew criticism from those opposed . At the Nobel Peace Prize award ceremony held in Oslo City Hall on December 10 , 2017 , Setsuko Thurlow , an 85 - year - old survivor of the 1945 atomic bombing of Hiroshima , and ICAN Executive Director Beatrice Fihn jointly received a medal and diploma of the award on behalf of ICAN and delivered the Nobel lecture . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Award </Li> <Li> 2 Congratulatory reactions </Li> <Li> 3 Critical reactions </Li> <Li> 4 Commentaries </Li> <Li> 5 Award funding </Li> <Li> 6 Award ceremony </Li> <Li> 7 Past Award recognition of disarmament efforts </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Award ( edit ) </H2> <P> A global civil society coalition of 468 peace , human rights , environment , development and faith groups as of 2017 , ICAN was recognized for its decade - long consensus - building support for the Humanitarian Pledge and the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons . Nobel Committee Chair Berit Reiss - Andersen described ICAN 's work as having `` brought the debate forward by focusing so heavily on the humanitarian consequences of using nuclear arms . '' </P> <P> The Peace Prize announcement came in the midst of the 2017 North Korea crisis , uncertainty over certification of Iran 's compliance with the 2015 accord that limits Iran 's nuclear program , the Doomsday Clock assessment in January 2017 of the highest threat of nuclear war since 1953 , heightened rhetoric between Indian and Pakistani military officials to target each other and retaliate with the early use nuclear weapons , Russia 's strategic doctrine calling for early use of nuclear weapons against any `` major NATO assault '' on its territory , and opposition by nuclear powers to the nuclear ban treaty and its ratification . </P> <P> In a telephone interview immediately after the announcement , ICAN Executive Director Beatrice Fihn said that , the Cold War being long over , possession and use of weapons of mass destruction `` is no longer acceptable '' in the 21st century . In a formal statement , ICAN called the 2017 prize a tribute to `` the tireless efforts of many millions of campaigners and concerned citizens worldwide who , ever since the dawn of the atomic age , have loudly protested nuclear weapons '' and to `` the survivors of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki -- the hibakusha -- and victims of nuclear test explosions '' . Holding a press conference at UN Headquarters , in New York , the ICAN executive director said that disarmament campaign efforts of a `` new generation , '' of `` people who grew up after the Cold War and do n't understand why we still have the ( nuclear ) weapons , '' were in effect also being recognized by the award . </P> <P> Nominations for the prize numbered 318 , including 215 individuals and 103 organizations , second highest to the record 376 nominations considered in 2016 . Though the Nobel Committee does not release names being considered for 50 years , reportedly they included : Tong Jen and Onodera Toshitaki seeking justice for Chinese victims of wartime atrocities during World War II ; organizers Iran Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif and EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini of the 2015 Iran Deal negotiations ; UNHCR and High Commissioner Filippo Grandi for their work on the rights and dignity of refugees ; Turkish journalists Cumhuriyet and Can Dündar ; The Economic Community of West African States ( ECOWAS ) for their work securing Gambia 's political transition ; and the humanitarian White Helmets , also known as the Syrian Civil Defense , and Raed al Saleh . </P> <H2> Congratulatory reactions ( edit ) </H2> <P> Congratulatory messages in the days following the award announcement came from individual disarmament supporters as well as ICAN coalition organizations , other civil society groups , public figures , governments and the United Nations , including : survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings ( hibakusha ) , The ATOM Project , Peace Boat , Nuclear Threat Initiative , Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament , Women 's International League for Peace and Freedom , Human Rights Watch , Oxfam , Ploughshares Fund , Stockholm International Peace Research Institute , Germany , EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini , UK Green Party co-leader Caroline Lucas , Austria , Canada 's New Democratic Party Critic for Foreign Affairs Hélène Laverdière , Mexico , and Nigeria . Twenty - three countries included congratulatory remarks in their statements at the UN General Assembly First Committee on Disarmament and International Security , including Sweden and New Zealand . </P> <P> Pugwash President Sergio Duarte wrote that the award designation reflects `` growing public recognition '' of banning nuclear weapons as part of the international humanitarian norm to abolish weapons of mass destruction , citing examples of the abolition of bacteriological weapons in the 1970s and chemical weapons in the 1990s . He also called on State parties to make further progress at the UN High Level Conference on Nuclear Disarmament slated for 2018 , noting the role of civil society organizations such as ICAN in supporting such multilateral disarmament processes . </P> <P> UN Secretary - General António Guterres relayed in a press statement that the award `` recognizes the determined efforts of civil society to highlight the unconscionable humanitarian and environmental consequences that would result if they ( nuclear weapons ) were ever used again , '' noting that the first UN General Assembly resolution , in 1946 , had `` established the goal of ridding the world of nuclear weapons and all weapons of mass destruction . '' The UN 's top disarmament official Izumi Nakamitsu in a statement said that the 2017 Peace Prize `` recognizes once again the vital and indispensable role of civil society in advancing our common aspirations peace , security and a world free of nuclear weapons . '' </P> <P> Former Soviet Union President Mikhail Gorbachev in a statement said the award designation was `` a very good decision '' and signified that `` a world without nuclear weapons -- there can not be any other goal ! '' , also recalling a joint statement with then US President Ronald Reagan at the 1986 Reykjavik Summit that `` a nuclear war can not be won and must never be fought . '' </P> <P> Welcoming the implications of the Peace Prize announcement in an interview with RT , `` whistleblower '' William McNeilly defended his Wikileaked report in 2015 that claimed Trident nuclear programme safety and security failures and that sparked nuclear - deterrent debates in the UK the same year . </P> <P> New Zealand 's Green Party Spokesperson for Social Development , MP Jan Logie , said that `` Our Pacific Ocean and its peoples have suffered the terrible effects of nuclear explosions and today we acknowledge the survivors of nuclear weapons use and testing . This Nobel Prize honours them . '' </P> <P> Aging survivors of the 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings , known as hibakusha , have long campaigned to abolish nuclear weapons , often recounting the horrific suffering they endured and from which many more died . At gatherings to watch the broadcast Peace Prize announcement and in other press interviews , their reactions included : </P> <Ul> <Li> Toshiyuki Mimaki , 75 , of the Hiroshima Prefectural Confederation of A-Bomb Sufferers Organizations : `` The young people 's activities have been recognized . '' </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Survivors Council members , with a photograph of Sumiteru Taniguchi , who died in August 2017 at the age of 88 , said it gave them new motivation to continue their work . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Terumi Tanaka , former secretary - general of Nihon Hidankyo : `` We told the world about the inhumanity ( of nuclear weapons ) . We laid the foundations for ICAN to do its work . '' Toshiki Fujimori , assistant secretary - general of the group , expressed hope that the award would `` speed up the flow of countries joining the treaty . '' </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Peace Boat founder Tatsuya Yoshioka said the award `` has the same value as if it were given to every hibakusha . '' </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Separately , the older brother of iconic Sadako Sasaki said he felt a sense of pride . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Masahiro Sasaki , 76 : `` It 's wonderful that these low - profile , often unseen activities have been recognized . '' </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Sunao Tsuboi , 92 : `` Together with ICAN and many other people , we hibakusha will continue to seek a world without nuclear weapons as long as our lives last . '' </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Shigemitsu Tanaka , head of the Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Survivors Council : `` We want to take great delight as it helped build up a treaty banning nuclear weapons . We want to work together so that the nuclear disarmament treaty can be signed as soon as possible . '' </Li> </Ul> <P> Speaking at Bowling Green University with fellow Hiroshima bombing survivor Keiko Ogura , who founded Hiroshima Interpreters for Peace , Setsuko Thurlow likened ICAN 's work to other social movements eventually embraced by nations , saying `` it is our moral imperative to abolish nuclear weapons '' and that the Peace Prize for ICAN `` represents a break from the typical state perspective . '' </P> <P> Supporters from faith communities issued congratulatory statements , including : the Dalai Lama , Daisaku Ikeda , Father Shay Cullen , the Holy See , Pax Christi International , and the World Council of Churches . </P> <H2> Critical reactions ( edit ) </H2> <P> While the majority of reactions from the international community hailed the Nobel Committee 's decision , other reactions were critical about the announcement 's implications . NATO Secretary - General Jens Stoltenberg said that NATO has in common with ICAN the goal of

The Nobel Peace Prize for 2017 was awarded to

Who won the nobel peace prize for 2017?

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Justice League ( Smallville ) - wikipedia <H1> Justice League ( Smallville ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Smallville characters </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> From left to right : Bart Allen , Oliver Queen , Clark Kent , Arthur Curry , and Victor Stone in their first team appearance in the season six episode `` Justice '' . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Justice League </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Development Information </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Developers </Th> <Td> Alfred Gough & Miles Millar </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> First appearance </Th> <Td> `` Justice '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> In - story Information </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Members </Th> <Td> Clark Kent Bart Allen Arthur Curry Victor Stone Oliver Queen Dinah Lance Chloe Sullivan John Jones Carter Hall Courtney Whitmore Tess Mercer Kara Michael Jon Carter Diana Prince Bruce Wayne John Stewart </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Justice League is a fictional group of superheroes on the television series , Smallville , who were adapted for television by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar . The Justice League originally included Oliver Queen , Bart Allen , Victor Stone , and Arthur Curry ; Clark Kent did not accept a role until three seasons later . As the team continued to appear in the series , new characters were introduced and subsequently joined the team . The original Justice League first appeared in the DC comic book The Brave and the Bold # 28 ( 1960 ) , and consisted of members Superman , Batman , Wonder Woman , Flash , Green Lantern , Aquaman , and the Martian Manhunter . In Smallville , the team did not make its first official appearance until the season six episode `` Justice '' , although each member had been previously introduced individually on various episodes since season four . In the series , the team never formalized a name for themselves , although the cast and crew officially recognized the team as the `` Justice League '' . </P> <P> Series ' writers wanted to make sure the characters had similar characteristics to their comic book counterparts , but at the same time , could become a means for Clark Kent to learn about himself . The creative team attempted to stay true to the spirit of the comic in costume design for certain characters , while costumes for other characters were changed dramatically . All of the characters possess superpowers , with the exception of Green Arrow / Oliver Queen , so Entity FX was brought in to digitally create each character 's powers using 3 - D and 2 - D technologies . </P> <P> In addition to the live - action television series , the Justice League has also been featured in a promotional tie - in with Toyota , through an interactive , online comic book . On an individual level , Oliver Queen received his own tie - in that provided Sprint users with animated episodes depicting Oliver 's backstory on their mobile phones . Overall , the reception for the characters has been mixed . Critics have viewed Ritchson 's acting ability and the shortened introductory storylines for the team negatively , while the characters of Green Arrow and Black Canary were viewed more positively . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Roles in Smallville <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Individual storylines </Li> <Li> 1.2 Justice League storylines </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Portrayals </Li> <Li> 3 Character development <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Characteristics </Li> <Li> 3.2 Costumes </Li> <Li> 3.3 Creating superpowers </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Reception </Li> <Li> 5 Merchandise </Li> <Li> 6 Other media appearances <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Spin - offs </Li> <Li> 6.2 Mobile phone / online tie - ins </Li> <Li> 6.3 Comic books </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Roles in Smallville ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Individual storylines ( edit ) </H3> <P> Although the Justice League first appeared in season six 's `` Justice '' , each member had their own introduction and recurring storylines in the series prior to the formation of the team . The first member to appear on Smallville , other than Clark Kent ( Tom Welling ) , was Bart Allen ( Kyle Gallner ) , who was introduced in the season four episode `` Run '' . In the episode , Bart is the first person Clark discovers to have a superhuman ability -- being able to run at supersonic speeds -- that was not created from exposure to kryptonite . When Clark and Bart first meet , Bart is a pickpocket who saves Jonathan Kent ( John Schneider ) from being hit by a truck . Eventually , Clark convinces Bart to give up his life of crime . Arthur Curry ( Alan Ritchson ) , who has the ability to swim at superhuman speeds and create energy blasts through the water , is next to appear in the season five episode `` Aqua '' . Arthur arrives in Smallville to stop an underwater weapon developed by Lex Luthor ( Michael Rosenbaum ) , which is killing the surrounding ocean life . Arthur and Clark initially clash on Arthur 's tactics ; Arthur tries to blow up Lex 's lab , while Clark insists that they should simply talk to Lex face - to - face and ask him to stop . Eventually , Arthur and Clark locate and destroy the weapon outright . Season five also introduced Victor Stone ( Lee Thompson Young ) in the episode `` Cyborg '' . Here , it is revealed that Victor was mortally wounded in a car accident that also took the lives of his family , but Lex 's company , LuthorCorp , took Victor 's body to a research lab where they experimented on him -- ultimately replacing his bone skeleton with a metal one . Clark attempts to provide Victor with a safe haven after Victor escapes from Lex 's facility . Clark manages to convince Lex to stop hunting Victor , who eventually leaves Smallville with his girlfriend . </P> <P> Oliver Queen ( Justin Hartley ) , a billionaire who left Star City to live in Metropolis , arrives in the season six episode `` Sneeze '' to investigate Lex Luthor . In the episode `` Arrow '' , Oliver begins masquerading around Metropolis as a costumed vigilante , named `` Green Arrow '' by Lois Lane ( Erica Durance ) , who robs from the rich -- only taking objects he knows were already stolen by those wealthy individuals -- and gives to the poor . Oliver also begins a romantic relationship with Lois . Eventually , Oliver 's vigilante life takes priority , and he and Lois break up when Oliver is forced to leave town to investigate more of Lex 's machinations . In season eight 's premiere , Oliver moves back to Metropolis , and begins searching for Lex , who has been missing since the season seven finale . Oliver believes he has tracked Lex 's whereabouts in the episode `` Bride '' , but he does not find Lex when he arrives ; instead , Oliver reveals that he plans to kill Lex when he does find him because of the threat he perceives Lex poses to both Clark and the rest of the world . In the episode `` Requiem '' , Oliver takes controlling interest in LuthorCorp after Tess Mercer ( Cassidy Freeman ) , Lex 's handpicked successor for LuthorCorp , sells him the company . As a result , Lex attempts to kill him . Oliver tracks Lex down and blows - up the medical caravan that Lex was supposedly traveling in . </P> <P> John Jones ( Phil Morris ) is also introduced in season six , where he appears in `` Labyrinth '' , guiding Clark out of a fictitious reality that was created by Dr. Hudson , a Phantom Zone criminal attempting to take over Clark 's body . It is revealed in the season 's finale that he has been working with Lionel Luthor ( John Glover ) , and was once an emissary of Clark 's biological father , Jor - El . John explains that he has been watching over Clark since his arrival on Earth , instructed by Jor - El only to interfere if Clark 's life was in true danger . In the season seven premiere , John lends assistance to Clark in defeating the last of the Phantom Zone criminals , which turned itself into Clark 's doppelganger . In the season eight premiere , John sacrifices his own abilities to save Clark 's life . In season eight 's `` Prey '' , John informs Clark that he has taken a job as a Metropolis police detective so that he can be around if Clark needs assistance . In season nine 's `` Absolute Justice '' , John has his Martian powers restored by Dr. Fate ( Brent Stait ) and then helps Clark and other members of the Justice Society of America defeat a mutual enemy . </P> <H3> Justice League storylines ( edit ) </H3> <P> The Justice League made its first official team appearance in the season six episode `` Justice '' . Here , Clark discovers that Oliver has also met Bart , Arthur , and Victor , and that he has organized them into a team of superheroes focused on stopping those who believe that they are above the law . Oliver reveals that Lex has been conducting experiments on people who developed special abilities thanks to exposure to kryptonite . Clark and Chloe Sullivan ( Allison Mack ) work alongside the team to dismantle Lex 's local experimental facility , known as Level 33.1 , and after destroying the building , Oliver and his team leave Smallville to seek out Lex 's other facilities around the world . Oliver asks Clark to become a full fledged member of the team , but Clark turns Oliver down explaining that he is not ready to do that . In the season seven episode `` Siren '' , Lex puts a bounty on Oliver and his team , convincing the vigilante Dinah Lance ( Alaina Huffman ) , who goes by the name `` Black Canary '' and has the ability to emit an ultrasonic sound wave with a single scream , that these individuals are terrorists . In the end , Clark proves to Dinah that Lex lied to her , so she decides to join Oliver 's team . In the season eight premiere , the Justice League set out to find Clark , who has disappeared following the destruction of his Fortress of Solitude in the previous season 's finale . Clark is eventually found , but the true identities of the League 's members are compromised , so the team decides to disband until it is safe again for them to work together . In the season eight episode `` Hex '' , Oliver reforms his team and gives Chloe the role of `` Watchtower '' . In that season 's finale , it is revealed that the League has been tracking the genetically engineered Kryptonian known as Doomsday . Oliver tries to convince Clark to kill the creature , but Clark refuses and instead informs Dinah and Bart that Oliver murdered Lex , while simultaneously kicking Oliver off of the team . Using subterfuge , Dinah and Bart betray Clark , revealing that they were in agreement with Oliver 's plan all along , and capture Doomsday to force Clark into a fight . Their plan backfires , and Doomsday injures all of them during his escape . In the end , Clark defeats the creature by burying him a mile underground , and Oliver and his team apologize for not following Clark 's plan from the start . The League leaves Metropolis afterward , feeling responsible for the death of Jimmy Olsen ( Aaron Ashmore ) , who was killed after Doomsday escaped . In response , Chloe turns a Metropolis clock tower , which is

Clark meets the Flash in Smallville in

When does clark meet the flash in smallville?

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Mason Alan Dinehart - wikipedia <H1> Mason Alan Dinehart </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Dl> <Dd> For the father , see actor Alan Dinehart . </Dd> </Dl> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Mason Alan Dinehart </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Mason Alan Dinehart , III ( 1936 - 04 - 30 ) April 30 , 1936 ( age 81 ) Hollywood , Los Angeles , California , U.S. </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Other names </Th> <Td> Alan Dinehart , III Mase Dinehart </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Occupation </Th> <Td> Former actor , businessman </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Years active </Th> <Td> 1948 -- 1960 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Spouse ( s ) </Th> <Td> Evelyn Myers ( 1954 -- 1958 ; divorced ) Barbara Blakely ( 1958 -- 1965 ) Miranda Gazal Dinehart ( 1982 -- present ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Children </Th> <Td> 8 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Parent ( s ) </Th> <Td> Alan Dinehart Mozelle Britton </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Mason Alan Dinehart ( born April 30 , 1936 ) , also known as Mason Alan Dinehart III , Alan Dinehart III , or Mase Dinehart , is an American businessman and former actor best known for his role as a youthful Bat Masterson in thirty - four episodes between 1955 and 1959 of the ABC / Desilu television series The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp , starring Hugh O'Brian in the title role of the frontier marshal Wyatt Earp . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Family background </Li> <Li> 2 Bat Masterson </Li> <Li> 3 Other acting roles </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Family background ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Hollywood - born Dinehart was the only son of the actor Alan Dinehart and Dinehart 's second wife , actress and journalist Mozelle Britton . In 1936 , Alan Dinehart legally changed his name to Mason Alan Dinehart , the same name as his father , so that his younger son from the second marriage could be known as Mason Alan Dinehart III . This name change created confusion because the senior Dinehart 's first son from his first marriage was already Alan Dinehart , Jr. ( 1918 -- 1992 ) , the former animation and voice director for Hanna - Barbera . </P> <P> Mason Alan Dinehart is the father of eight children from three marriages . He has two children each from his first and second marriages to Evelyn Myers ( 1954 -- 1958 ) and Barbara Blakely ( 1958 -- 1965 ) , respectively . In 1982 , he married for the third time ; he and the former Miranda Gazal have four children . One of his children , Scott Dinehart , died in 2010 of an emergency hip operation . </P> <H2> Bat Masterson ( edit ) </H2> <P> Dinehart played the youthful Bat Masterson who is the understudy of Wyatt Earp in learning the proper techniques of frontier law enforcement . Earp rarely calls him `` Bat '' but `` Mr. Masterson '' to teach the young man maturity . In a 1956 episode `` Bat Masterson Again , '' Earp shows young Masterson on the proper use of a pistol . During this time Masterson was elected sheriff of Ford County , Kansas , which includes the county seat of Dodge City . Bill Tilghman had been denied the right to run for sheriff again . Earp as an appointed town marshal works with an elected sheriff , and their differences in jurisdiction do not cause any problems . Bat 's brother , Ed Masterson , played by Brad Johnson , formerly the deputy sheriff on the Annie Oakley television series , is shot in an ambush by drunken cowboys , and Masterson settles the score . When Earp finally comes to Tombstone , Arizona Territory , he lacks the working relationship with Sheriff Johnny Behan that he had in Kansas with Bat Masterson . </P> <P> Dinehart 's performance of Masterson was so highly regarded that ABC offered him a spinoff series , but he declined , soon left acting , and entered the business field . Dinehart 's last appearance on the series is the episode `` Dodge Is Civilized '' ( April 28 , 1959 ) , in which he serves notice that he is headed to Tombstone , where he hopes Earp will join him in time . There is never a reunion show , and the Masterson character , now a gambler , is written out of The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp . The historical Earp did visit Tombstone to see his friend Masterson , who in time became a figure of western folklore , finishing his long career as a sportswriter in New York City . Masterson 's hat inspired the name of the Brown Derby restaurants in Los Angeles . </P> <P> By the time Dinehart left The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp , Gene Barry had already assumed for nearly a year the role of a more mature Masterson , one in his early forties , in the NBC western series Bat Masterson . Some viewers complained of the change in actors portraying Bat Masterson , but in time Barry was the one most remembered for the role , not Dinehart , who left show business . </P> <H2> Other acting roles ( edit ) </H2> <P> Dinehart 's first acting role was uncredited as `` Superman '' at the age of twelve in the 1948 film Superman . Dinehart was the first actor on screen to play Superman. * He played Superman as a boy diving into a haystack to recover his mother 's lost ring , using his Xray vision to find it . Thereafter , he had uncredited roles as a teenager in other films . In 1954 , he was cast as Ted Miller in the episode `` Hot Rod '' of the CBS legal drama series The Public Defender . In 1956 , he played Clint Donoran in the episode `` Outlaw 's Son '' of the syndicated television series Judge Roy Bean , starring Edgar Buchanan in the title role . In 1957 , he was cast as Danny Martin in the episode `` Typhoid '' of another syndicated series Dr. Christian , starring MacDonald Carey . </P> <P> Dinehart appeared in two 1957 military drama series , as Marly in the episode `` Joe Foss , Devilbird '' of Navy Log . This episode is based on a real person , Joe Foss , a World War II Medal of Honor recipient who later became the governor of South Dakota and a prominent sportsman . In 1957 and 1958 , Dinehart played Joe Marrison in two episodes , `` Seawall '' and `` The Boxing Lesson , '' of the syndicated series , Men of Annapolis . </P> <P> In 1957 and 1958 , he played in two youth films , as Bob Williams in The Careless Years and Joe Wilson in The Hot Angel . Other Dinehart appearances were on Sky King as Jimmy Ness in `` Frogmen '' and as Tex Fallon in `` The Unwanted '' on 26 Men . He played the character Greg in `` Half a Loaf '' on the syndicated western anthology series Death Valley Days , hosted in 1959 by Stanley Andrews . This role united Dinehart with western actor Bob Steele in the role of Dawson ; Steele had appeared as Deputy Sam in four episodes of The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp . </P> <P> Dinehart was cast in two episodes , `` The Homesteaders '' and `` The Twisted Road , '' of the syndicated western series Frontier Doctor , starring Rex Allen . He played Don Carter in the 1959 episode `` Millionaire Sally Simms '' opposite Venetia Stevenson on the CBS fantasy drama The Millionaire . In 1959 , he was cast as Danny Holden in the episode `` Love on the Rocks '' , with Virginia Christine as Rena Desmond , on the syndicated crime drama State Trooper , with Rod Cameron as the fictitious officer Rod Blake of the Nevada State Police . Dinehart also played a comedy role as `` Bill Masterson '' in the 1957 episode `` The General '' of the CBS series The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show , with George Burns and Gracie Allen . </P> <P> Dinehart 's last roles were in 1959 and 1960 , including three appearances on the CBS series The Texan , starring Rory Calhoun . Twice he played `` The Brazos Kid '' . Dinehart played Todd Kenyon in the episode `` The Swindle '' of the 11 - episode NBC crime drama 21 Beacon Street , a summer - replacement series starring Dennis Morgan , Joanna Barnes , and Brian Kelly . Dinehart 's last screen appearance was as Bob Treadwell in the 1960 film Platinum High School . </P> <P> Dinehart 's business career began c. 1960 with the Bank of America . He is now a consultant in litigation and arbitration for FEND , a company based in Los Angeles but works at times in any one of twenty - two states . </P> <Ul> <Li> Biography portal </Li> <Li> Los Angeles portal </Li> <Li> California portal </Li> <Li> Film portal </Li> <Li> Television portal </Li> <Li> Business and Economics portal </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Full Cast and Crew for The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp '' . Internet Movie Data Base . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Alan Dinehart '' . nndb.com . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Cliff Aliperti , `` Alan Dinehart Biography : Hollywood Talkies Claim Another from Broadway , '' October 12 , 2012 `` . immortaqltelephemera.com . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Douglas Brode , with introduction by Fess Parker , Shooting Stars of the Small Screen . University of Texas Press , 2009 , pp. 116 - 117 ; ISBN 978 - 0 - 29271849 - 4 . Retrieved July 12 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Mason Alan Dinehart '' . Internet Movie Data Base . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Bat Masterson '' . Internet Movie Data Base . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` '' Joe Foss , Devilbird '' ( December 12 , 1957 ) `` . Internet Movie Data Base . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` '' Half a Loaf '' ( April 25 , 1959 ) `` . Internet Movie Data Base . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` 21 Beacon Street ( 1959 ) '' . Internet movie Data Base . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Mason Alan Dinehart , III '' . lawyerfindonline.com . Retrieved July 11 , 2013 . </Li> </Ol> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mason_Alan_Dinehart&oldid=809577066 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> 1936 births </Li> <Li> Living people </Li> <Li> American male television actors </Li> <Li> American male film actors </Li> <Li> Male actors from Los Angeles </Li> <Li> Businesspeople from Los Angeles </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Articles with hCards </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul>

In the movie Tombstone, the role of Bat Masterson was played by

Who played bat masterson in the movie tombstone?

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Boston tea Party - wikipedia <H1> Boston tea Party </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For other uses , see Boston Tea Party ( disambiguation ) . <P> Coordinates : 42 ° 21 ′ 13 '' N 71 ° 03 ′ 09 '' W  /  42.3536 ° N 71.0524 ° W  / 42.3536 ; - 71.0524  ( Boston Tea Party ) </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Boston Tea Party </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Part of the American Revolution </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Source : W.D. Cooper . `` Boston Tea Party . '' , The History of North America . London : E. Newberry , 1789 . Engraving . Plate opposite p. 58 . Rare Book and Special Collections Division , Library of Congress ( 40 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> December 16 , 1773 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> Boston , Province of Massachusetts Bay </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Caused by </Th> <Td> Tea Act </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Goals </Th> <Td> To protest British Parliament 's tax on tea . `` No taxation without representation . '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Methods </Th> <Td> Throw the tea into Boston Harbor </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Resulted in </Th> <Td> Intolerable Acts </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Parties to the civil conflict </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> <P> Thirteen Colonies </P> <Ul> <Li> People of Boston </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> <P> Great Britain </P> <Ul> <Li> East India Company </Li> <Li> Parliament </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Lead figures </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Samuel Adams Paul Revere William Molineux and other `` Sons of Liberty '' ... </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> This article is part of a series about the </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> American Revolution 1765 -- 1783 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Origins ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Sugar Act </Li> <Li> Currency Act </Li> <Li> Quartering Acts </Li> <Li> Stamp Act 1765 </Li> <Li> Declaratory Act </Li> <Li> No taxation without representation </Li> <Li> Townshend Acts </Li> <Li> Tea Act </Li> <Li> Boston Massacre </Li> <Li> Boston Tea Party </Li> <Li> Intolerable Acts </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Revolutionary War ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Continental Army </Li> <Li> Continental Navy </Li> <Li> Minutemen </Li> <Li> Battles </Li> <Li> Intelligence </Li> <Li> Treaty of Paris </Li> <Li> Costs </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Declaration of Independence ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Continental Congress </Li> <Li> Committee of Five </Li> <Li> Lee Resolution </Li> <Li> Articles of Confederation </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> United States Constitution ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Philadelphia Convention </Li> <Li> Annapolis Convention </Li> <Li> The Federalist Papers </Li> <Li> Bill of Rights </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> A New Republic ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Republicanism </Li> <Li> American Enlightenment </Li> <Li> Liberalism </Li> <Li> First Great Awakening </Li> <Li> Role of Women </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Legacy ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Atlantic Revolutions </Li> <Li> Bicentennial </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Boston Tea Party was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston , Massachusetts , on December 16 , 1773 . In defiance of the Tea Act of May 10 , 1773 the demonstrators , some disguised as Native Americans , destroyed an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India Company . They boarded the ships and threw the chests of tea into Boston Harbor . The British government responded harshly and the episode escalated into the American Revolution . The Tea Party became an iconic event of American history , and since then other political protests such as the Tea Party movement have referred to themselves as historical successors to the Boston protest of 1773 . </P> <P> The Tea Party was the culmination of a resistance movement throughout British America against the Tea Act , which had been passed by the British Parliament in 1773 . Colonists objected to the Tea Act because they believed that it violated their rights as Englishmen to `` No taxation without representation '' , that is , to be taxed only by their own elected representatives and not by a British parliament in which they were not represented . In addition , the well - connected East India Company had been granted competitive advantages over colonial tea importers , who resented the move and feared additional infringement on their business . Protesters had successfully prevented the unloading of taxed tea in three other colonies , but in Boston , embattled Royal Governor Thomas Hutchinson refused to allow the tea to be returned to Britain . </P> <P> The Boston Tea Party was a significant event in the growth of the American Revolution . Parliament responded in 1774 with the Coercive Acts , or Intolerable Acts , which , among other provisions , ended local self - government in Massachusetts and closed Boston 's commerce . Colonists up and down the Thirteen Colonies in turn responded to the Coercive Acts with additional acts of protest , and by convening the First Continental Congress , which petitioned the British monarch for repeal of the acts and coordinated colonial resistance to them . The crisis escalated , and the American Revolutionary War began near Boston in 1775 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Tea trade to 1767 </Li> <Li> 1.2 Townshend duty crisis </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Tea Act of 1773 </Li> <Li> 3 Resisting the Tea Act </Li> <Li> 4 Standoff in Boston </Li> <Li> 5 Destruction of the tea </Li> <Li> 6 Reaction </Li> <Li> 7 Legacy <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Boston Tea Party Ships and Museum </Li> <Li> 7.2 Participants </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 Notes </Li> <Li> 10 References </Li> <Li> 11 Further reading </Li> <Li> 12 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background </H2> <P> The Boston Tea Party arose from two issues confronting the British Empire in 1765 : the financial problems of the British East India Company ; and an ongoing dispute about the extent of Parliament 's authority , if any , over the British American colonies without seating any elected representation . The North Ministry 's attempt to resolve these issues produced a showdown that would eventually result in revolution . </P> <H3> Tea trade to 1767 </H3> <P> As Europeans developed a taste for tea in the 17th century , rival companies were formed to import the product from China . In England , Parliament gave the East India Company a monopoly on the importation of tea in 1698 . When tea became popular in the British colonies , Parliament sought to eliminate foreign competition by passing an act in 1721 that required colonists to import their tea only from Great Britain . The East India Company did not export tea to the colonies ; by law , the company was required to sell its tea wholesale at auctions in England . British firms bought this tea and exported it to the colonies , where they resold it to merchants in Boston , New York , Philadelphia , and Charleston . </P> <P> Until 1767 , the East India Company paid an ad valorem tax of about 25 % on tea that it imported into Great Britain . Parliament laid additional taxes on tea sold for consumption in Britain . These high taxes , combined with the fact that tea imported into the Dutch Republic was not taxed by the Dutch government , meant that Britons and British Americans could buy smuggled Dutch tea at much cheaper prices . The biggest market for illicit tea was England -- by the 1760s the East India Company was losing £ 400,000 per year to smugglers in Great Britain -- but Dutch tea was also smuggled into British America in significant quantities . </P> <P> In 1767 , to help the East India Company compete with smuggled Dutch tea , Parliament passed the Indemnity Act , which lowered the tax on tea consumed in Great Britain , and gave the East India Company a refund of the 25 % duty on tea that was re-exported to the colonies . To help offset this loss of government revenue , Parliament also passed the Townshend Revenue Act of 1767 , which levied new taxes , including one on tea , in the colonies . Instead of solving the smuggling problem , however , the Townshend duties renewed a controversy about Parliament 's right to tax the colonies . </P> <H3> Townshend duty crisis </H3> For more details on this topic , see Townshend Acts . <P> Controversy between Great Britain and the colonies arose in the 1760s when Parliament sought , for the first time , to impose a direct tax on the colonies for the purpose of raising revenue . Some colonists , known in the colonies as Whigs , objected to the new tax program , arguing that it was a violation of the British Constitution . Britons and British Americans agreed that , according to the constitution , British subjects could not be taxed without the consent of their elected representatives . In Great Britain , this meant that taxes could only be levied by Parliament . Colonists , however , did not elect members of Parliament , and so American Whigs argued that the colonies could not be taxed by that body . According to Whigs , colonists could only be taxed by their own colonial assemblies . Colonial protests resulted in the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766 , but in the 1766 Declaratory Act , Parliament continued to insist that it had the right to legislate for the colonies `` in all cases whatsoever '' . </P> <P> When new taxes were levied in the Townshend Revenue Act of 1767 , Whig colonists again responded with protests and boycotts . Merchants organized a non-importation agreement , and many colonists pledged to abstain from drinking British tea , with activists in New England promoting alternatives , such as domestic Labrador tea . Smuggling continued apace , especially in New York and Philadelphia , where tea smuggling had always been more extensive than in Boston . Dutied British tea continued to be imported into Boston , however , especially by Richard Clarke and the sons of Massachusetts Governor Thomas Hutchinson , until pressure from Massachusetts Whigs compelled them to abide by the non-importation agreement . </P> <P> Parliament finally responded to the protests by repealing the Townshend taxes in 1770 , except for the tea duty , which Prime Minister Lord North kept to assert `` the right of taxing the Americans '' . This partial repeal of the taxes was enough to bring an end to the non-importation movement by October 1770 . From 1771 to 1773 , British tea was once again imported into the colonies in significant amounts , with merchants paying the Townshend duty of three pence per pound . Boston was the largest colonial importer of legal tea ; smugglers still dominated the market in New York and Philadelphia . </P> <H2> Tea Act of 1773 </H2> Main article : Tea Act This iconic 1846 lithograph by Nathaniel Currier was entitled `` The Destruction of Tea at Boston Harbor '' ; the phrase `` Boston Tea Party '' had not yet become standard . Contrary to Currier 's depiction , few of the men dumping the tea were actually disguised as Native Americans . <P> The Indemnity Act of 1767 , which gave the East India Company a refund of the duty on tea that was re-exported to the colonies , expired in 1772 . Parliament passed a new act in 1772 that reduced this refund , effectively leaving a 10 % duty on tea imported into Britain . The act also restored the tea taxes within Britain that had been repealed in 1767 , and left in place the three pence Townshend

The colonists had a problem with the Tea Act of 1773

Why did the colonists have a problem with the tea act of 1773?

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Easter egg - wikipedia <H1> Easter egg </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about special eggs painted around Easter . For a secret message hidden in media , see Easter egg ( media ) . Decorated Easter eggs <P> Easter eggs , also called Paschal eggs , are decorated eggs that are usually used as gifts on the occasion of Easter . As such , Easter eggs are common during the season of Eastertide ( Easter season ) . The oldest tradition is to use dyed and painted chicken eggs , but a modern custom is to substitute chocolate eggs wrapped in colourful foil , hand - carved wooden eggs , or plastic eggs filled with confectionery such as chocolate . However , real eggs continue to be used in Eastern European tradition . Although eggs , in general , were a traditional symbol of fertility and rebirth , in Christianity , for the celebration of Eastertide , Easter eggs symbolize the empty tomb of Jesus , from which Jesus resurrected . In addition , one ancient tradition was the staining of Easter eggs with the colour red `` in memory of the blood of Christ , shed as at that time of his crucifixion . '' This custom of the Easter egg can be traced to early Christians of Mesopotamia , and from there it spread into Russia and Siberia through the Orthodox Churches , and later into Europe through the Catholic and Protestant Churches . This Christian use of eggs may have been influenced by practices in `` pre-dynastic period in Egypt , as well as amid the early cultures of Mesopotamia and Crete '' . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History </Li> <Li> 2 Decoration and symbolism <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Lenten tradition </Li> <Li> 2.2 Symbolism and related customs </Li> <Li> 2.3 Colouring </Li> <Li> 2.4 Patterning </Li> <Li> 2.5 Use of Easter eggs in decorations </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Easter egg games <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Egg hunts </Li> <Li> 3.2 Egg rolling </Li> <Li> 3.3 Egg tapping </Li> <Li> 3.4 Egg dance </Li> <Li> 3.5 Pace egg plays </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Variants <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Chocolate eggs </Li> <Li> 4.2 Marzipan eggs </Li> <Li> 4.3 Artificial eggs </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Legends <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Christian traditions </Li> <Li> 5.2 Parallels in other faiths </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> A decorated ostrich egg with Punic artwork <P> The practice of decorating eggshells as part of spring rituals is ancient , with decorated , engraved ostrich eggs found in Africa which are 60,000 years old . In the pre-dynastic period of Egypt and the early cultures of Mesopotamia and Crete , eggs were associated with death and rebirth , as well as with kingship , with decorated ostrich eggs , and representations of ostrich eggs in gold and silver , were commonly placed in graves of the ancient Sumerians and Egyptians as early as 5,000 years ago . These cultural relationships may have influenced early Christian and Islamic cultures in those areas , as well as through mercantile , religious , and political links from those areas around the Mediterranean . </P> Red coloured Easter egg with Christian cross , from the Saint Kosmas Aitolos Greek Orthodox Monastery <P> The Christian custom of Easter eggs , specifically , started among the early Christians of Mesopotamia , who stained eggs with red colouring `` in memory of the blood of Christ , shed at His crucifixion '' . The Christian Church officially adopted the custom , regarding the eggs as a symbol of the resurrection of Jesus , with the Roman Ritual , the first edition of which was published in 1610 but which has texts of much older date , containing among the Easter Blessings of Food , one for eggs , along with those for lamb , bread , and new produce . The blessing is for consumption as a food , rather than decorated . </P> <P> Lord , let the grace of your blessing + come upon these eggs , that they be healthful food for your faithful who eat them in thanksgiving for the resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ , who lives and reigns with you forever and ever . </P> <P> Sociology professor Kenneth Thompson discusses the spread of the Easter egg throughout Christendom , writing that `` use of eggs at Easter seems to have come from Persia into the Greek Christian Churches of Mesopotamia , thence to Russia and Siberia through the medium of Orthodox Christianity . From the Greek Church the custom was adopted by either the Roman Catholics or the Protestants and then spread through Europe . '' Both Thompson , as well as British orientalist Thomas Hyde state that in addition to dying the eggs red , the early Christians of Mesopotamia also stained Easter eggs green and yellow . </P> <P> Influential 19th century folklorist and philologist Jacob Grimm speculates , in the second volume of his Deutsche Mythologie , that the folk custom of Easter eggs among the continental Germanic peoples may have stemmed from springtime festivities of a Germanic goddess known in Old English as Ēostre ( namesake of modern English Easter ) and possibly known in Old High German as * Ostara ( and thus namesake of Modern German Ostern ' Easter ' ) : </P> <Dl> <Dd> The heathen Easter had much in common with May - feast and the reception of spring , particularly in matter of bonfires . Then , through long ages there seem to have lingered among the people Easter - games so - called , which the church itself had to tolerate : I allude especially to the custom of Easter eggs , and to the Easter tale which preachers told from the pulpit for the people 's amusement , connecting it with Christian reminiscences . </Dd> </Dl> <P> Although one of the Christian traditions are to use dyed or painted chicken eggs , a modern custom is to substitute chocolate eggs , or plastic eggs filled with candy such as jelly beans . These eggs can be hidden for children to find on Easter morning , which may be left by the Easter Bunny . They may also be put in a basket filled with real or artificial straw to resemble a bird 's nest . </P> <H2> Decoration and symbolism ( edit ) </H2> Main articles : Egg decorating , Pisanica ( Croatian ) , Pysanka , and Święconka Croatian Easter basket Blessing of Easter foods in Poland Red coloured Easter eggs <H3> Lenten tradition ( edit ) </H3> <P> The Easter egg tradition may also have merged into the celebration of the end of the privations of Lent in the West . Historically , it was traditional to use up all of the household 's eggs before Lent began . Eggs were originally forbidden during Lent as well as on other traditional fast days in Western Christianity ( this tradition still continues among the Eastern Christian Churches ) . Likewise , in Eastern Christianity , meat , eggs , and dairy are all prohibited during the Lenten fast . </P> <P> This established the tradition of Pancake Day being celebrated on Shrove Tuesday . This day , the Tuesday before Ash Wednesday when Lent begins , is also known as Mardi Gras , a French phrase which translates as `` Fat Tuesday '' to mark the last consumption of eggs and dairy before Lent begins . </P> <P> In the Orthodox Church , Great Lent begins on Clean Monday , rather than Wednesday , so the household 's dairy products would be used up in the preceding week , called Cheesefare Week . </P> <P> During Lent , since chickens would not stop producing eggs during this time , a larger than usual store might be available at the end of the fast . This surplus , if any , had to be eaten quickly to prevent spoiling . Then , with the coming of Easter , the eating of eggs resumes . Some families cook a special meatloaf with eggs in it to be eaten with the Easter dinner . </P> <P> One would have been forced to hard boil the eggs that the chickens produced so as not to waste food , and for this reason the Spanish dish hornazo ( traditionally eaten on and around Easter ) contains hard - boiled eggs as a primary ingredient . In Hungary , eggs are used sliced in potato casseroles around the Easter period . </P> <H3> Symbolism and related Customs ( edit ) </H3> <P> Some Christians symbolically link the cracking open of Easter eggs with the empty tomb of Jesus . </P> <P> In the Orthodox churches , Easter eggs are blessed by the priest at the end of the Paschal Vigil ( which is equivalent to Holy Saturday ) , and distributed to the faithful . The egg is seen by followers of Christianity as a symbol of resurrection : while being dormant it contains a new life sealed within it . </P> <P> Similarly , in the Roman Catholic Church in Poland , the so - called święconka , i.e. blessing of decorative baskets with a sampling of Easter eggs and other symbolic foods , is one of the most enduring and beloved Polish traditions on Holy Saturday . </P> <P> During Paschaltide , in some traditions the Pascal greeting with the Easter egg is even extended to the deceased . On either the second Monday or Tuesday of Pascha , after a memorial service people bring blessed eggs to the cemetery and bring the joyous paschal greeting , `` Christ has risen '' , to their beloved departed ( see Radonitza ) . </P> <P> In Greece , women traditionally dye the eggs with onion skins and vinegar on Thursday ( also the day of Communion ) . These ceremonial eggs are known as kokkina avga . They also bake tsoureki for the Easter Sunday feast . Red Easter eggs are sometimes served along the centerline of tsoureki ( braided loaf of bread ) . </P> <P> In Egypt , it 's a tradition to decorate boiled eggs during Sham el - Nessim holiday , which falls every year after the Eastern Christian Easter . </P> <H3> Colouring ( edit ) </H3> Colors for the Easter eggs <P> The dying of Easter eggs in different colours is commonplace , with colour being achieved through boiling the egg in natural substances ( such as , onion peel ( brown colour ) , oak or alder bark or walnut nutshell ( black ) , beet juice ( pink ) etc . ) , or using artificial colourings . </P> <P> A greater variety of colour was often provided by tying on the onion skin with different coloured woollen yarn . In the North of England these are called pace - eggs or paste - eggs , from a dialectal form of Middle English pasche . They were usually eaten after an egg - jarping ( egg tapping ) competition . </P> <P> In the Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches , Easter eggs are dyed red to represent the blood of Christ , with further symbolism being found in the hard shell of the egg symbolizing the sealed Tomb of Christ -- the cracking of which symbolized his resurrection from the dead . </P> <H3> Patterning ( edit ) </H3> <P> When boiling them with onion skins leaves can be attached prior to dying to create leaf patterns . The leaves are attached to the eggs before they are dyed with a transparent cloth to wrap the eggs with like inexpensive muslin or nylon stockings , leaving patterns once the leaves are removed after the dyeing process . These eggs are part of Easter custom in many areas and often accompany other traditional Easter foods . Passover haminados are prepared with similar methods . </P> <P> Pysanky are Ukrainian Easter eggs , decorated

The tradition of coloring Easter eggs was started by

Who started the tradition of coloring easter eggs?

4941105400369114094

Minister of the United Kingdom and the Premier of the People 's Republic of China on 19 December 1984 in Beijing . The Declaration entered into force with the exchange of instruments of ratification on 27 May 1985 and was registered by the People 's Republic of China and United Kingdom governments at the United Nations on 12 June 1985 . In the Joint Declaration , the People 's Republic of China Government stated that it had decided to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong ( including Hong Kong Island , Kowloon , and the New Territories ) with effect from 1 July 1997 and the United Kingdom Government declared that it would relinquish Hong Kong to the PRC with effect from 1 July 1997 . In the document , the People 's Republic of China Government also declared its basic policies regarding Hong Kong . </P> <P> In accordance with the One Country , Two Systems principle agreed between the United Kingdom and the People 's Republic of China , the socialist system of People 's Republic of China would not be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ( HKSAR ) , and Hong Kong 's previous capitalist system and its way of life would remain unchanged for a period of 50 years . The Joint Declaration provides that these basic policies shall be stipulated in the Hong Kong Basic Law . The ceremony of the signing of the Sino - British Joint Declaration took place at 18 : 00 , 19 December 1984 at the Western Main Chamber of the Great Hall of the People . The Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office at first proposed a list of 60 -- 80 Hong Kong people to attend the ceremony . The number was finally extended to 101 . The list included Hong Kong government officials , members of the Legislative and Executive Councils , chairmen of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation and Standard Chartered Bank , Hong Kong celebrities such as Li Ka - shing , Pao Yue - kong and Fok Ying - tung , and also Martin Lee Chu - ming and Szeto Wah . </P> <P> The handover ceremony was held at the new wing of the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre in Wan Chai on the night of 30 June 1997 . The principal British guest was Charles , Prince of Wales who read a farewell speech on behalf of the Queen . The newly appointed Prime Minister of the United Kingdom , Tony Blair , the British Foreign Minister , Robin Cook , the departing Hong Kong governor , Chris Patten , Chief of the Defence Staff , Charles Guthrie , Chief of the Defence Staff of the United Kingdom also attended . </P> <P> Representing China were the President of the People 's Republic of China , Jiang Zemin , Premier of the People 's Republic of China , Li Peng , and Tung Chee - hwa , the first Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People 's Republic of China . This event was broadcast on television and radio stations across the world . </P> <H2> Government ( edit ) </H2> A BDTC passport issued to Hong Kong permanent residents with British Dependent Territories Citizenship before 1997 . On 1 July 1997 , all Hong Kong residents lost their BDTC status and most acquired Chinese nationality . <P> In January 1841 , when Elliot declared Hong Kong 's cession to Britain , he proclaimed that the government shall devolve upon the office of Chief Superintendent of British Trade in China . He issued a proclamation with Commodore Bremer to the inhabitants on 1 February , declaring that they `` are hereby promised protection , in her majesty 's gracious name , against all enemies whatever ; and they are further secured in the free exercise of their religious rites , ceremonies , and social customs ; and in the enjoyment of their lawful private property and interests . '' Elliot declared that Chinese natives would be governed under Chinese laws ( excluding torture ) , and that British subjects and foreigners would fall under British law . However , London decided that English law should prevail . </P> <P> The Letters Patent of 5 April 1843 defined the constitutional structure of Hong Kong as a Crown colony and the Royal Instructions detailed how the territory should be governed and organised . The Letters Patent prescribed a Governor as head of government , and both the Executive Council and Legislative Council being advisors to the Governor . The administrative civil service of the colony was led by a Colonial Secretary ( later Chief Secretary ) , who was deputy to the Governor . </P> <P> For almost all of its history under British rule , executive power in Hong Kong was concentrated in the hands of the colony governor , a position appointed by the British crown without any democratic input from Hong Kong citizens . The introduction of elected representatives determined by local elections , even limited to the role of `` advisory councils '' , did not begin until after the 1984 agreements by the British to hand Hong Kong over to China . </P> <H3> Cadets ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1861 , Governor Sir Hercules Robinson introduced the Hong Kong Cadetship , which recruited young graduates from Britain to learn Cantonese and written Chinese for two years , before deploying them on a fast track to the Civil Service . Cadet officers gradually formed the backbone of the civil administration . After the Second World War , ethnic Chinese were allowed into the service , followed by women . Cadets were renamed Administrative Officers in the 1950s , and they remained the elite of the Civil Service during British rule . </P> <H2> Economy ( edit ) </H2> Victoria Harbour in 1988 , showing the Bank of China Tower being built <P> The stability , security , and predictability of British law and government enabled Hong Kong to flourish as a centre for international trade . In the colony 's first decade , the revenue from the opium trade was a key source of government funds . The importance of opium reduced over time , but the colonial government was dependent on its revenues until the Japanese occupation in 1941 . Although the largest businesses in the early colony were operated by British , American , and other expatriates , Chinese workers provided the bulk of the manpower to build a new port city . </P> <P> By the late 1980s , many ethnic Chinese people had become major business figures in Hong Kong . Amongst these billionaires was Sir Ka - shing Li , who had become one of the colony 's wealthiest people by this time . </P> <H2> Opposition , internal dissent and the Cultural Revolution ( edit ) </H2> Police confrontation during 1967 Leftist Riots <P> There was considerable opposition from Chinese nationalists to the British rule due to its implications for Hong Kong self - determination , particularly in the political arena . Early dissent such as the Canton -- Hong Kong strike were anti-British and anti-imperialist in nature . Later , shortly after the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution in the People 's Republic in May 1966 , local left - wing activists looked for opportunities to instigate an anti-British struggle . The 1966 riots and the 1967 Leftist riots , essentially spillovers from the Cultural Revolution , were large scale demonstrations against British colonial rule that was fuelled by tensions surrounding labour disputes and dissatisfaction towards the government . During this period , groups such as the Anti-British Struggle Committee were established for the purpose of targeting the British Colonial government . While primarily organised by pro-Communist members and sympathizers from the mainland , the anti-British movement also garnered local support . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> List of heads of Hong Kong by education </Li> </Ul> <H2> Notes ( edit ) </H2> <Dl> <Dt> Footnotes </Dt> </Dl> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ No specific variation of Chinese was mentioned in the Official Languages Ordinance but Cantonese was de facto official since 1974 . </Li> </Ol> <Dl> <Dt> Citations </Dt> </Dl> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Tsang 2004 , pp. 9 -- 10 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 11 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 21 </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : The Chinese Repository . Volume 10 . pp. 63 -- 64 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Belcher , Edward ( 1843 ) . Narrative of a Voyage Round the World . Volume 2 . p. 148 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , pp. 11 , 21 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 29 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , pp. 32 -- 33 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , pp. 33 , 35 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , pp. 38 -- 41 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 121 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 122 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , pp. 123 -- 124 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Philip Snow ( 2004 ) . The Fall of Hong Kong : Britain , China and the Japanese Occupation . Yale U.P. p. 81 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Jung - Fang Tsai , `` Wartime Experience , Collective Memories and Hong Kong Identity , China Review International ( 2005 ) 12 # 1 pp 229 + online </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Wei - Bin Zhang ( 2006 ) . Hong Kong : The Pearl Made of British Mastery And Chinese Docile - Diligence . Nova Publishers . p. 109 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 133 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 138 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , pp. 143 -- 144 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 23 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , pp. 18 -- 19 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , pp. 25 -- 26 </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Tsang 2004 , p. 57 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tsang 2004 , p. 58 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ http://www.scmp.com/news/china/policies-politics/article/1971502/when-cultural-revolution-spilled-over-riots-hong-kong </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Cheung , Gary Ka - wai ( 2009 ) . Hong Kong 's Watershed : The 1967 Riots . Hong Kong University Press . </Li> </Ol> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Snow , Philip ( 2004 ) . The Fall of Hong Kong : Britain , China and the Japanese Occupation . Yale University Press . ISBN 0300103735 . </Li> <Li> Tsang , Steve ( 2004 ) . A Modern History of Hong Kong . I.B. Tauris . ISBN 978 - 1 - 84511 - 419 - 0 . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Further reading ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Carroll , John M. A Concise History of Hong Kong ( 2007 ) </Li> <Li> Clayton , Adam . Hong Kong since 1945 : An Economic and Social History ( 2003 ) </Li> <Li> Endacott , G.B. ( 1964 ) . An Eastern Entrepot : A Collection of Documents Illustrating the History of Hong Kong . Her Majesty 's Stationery Office . p. 293 . ASIN B0007J07G6 . OCLC 632495979 . </Li> <Li> Lui , Adam Yuen - chung ( 1990 ) . Forts and Pirates -- A History of Hong Kong . Hong Kong History Society . p. 114 . ISBN 962 - 7489 - 01 - 8 . </Li> <Li> Liu , Shuyong ; Wang , Wenjiong ; Chang , Mingyu ( 1997 ) . An Outline History of Hong Kong . Foreign Languages Press . p. 291 . ISBN 978 - 7 - 119 - 01946 - 8 . </Li> <Li> Ngo , Tak - Wing ( 1 August 1999 ) . Hong Kong 's History : State and Society Under Colonial Rule . Routledge . p. 205 .

Hong Kong was important to the British Empire because it served as

Why was hong kong important to the british empire?

3116877022765338485

Chymotrypsin - wikipedia <H1> Chymotrypsin </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chymotrypsin </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Crystallographic structure of Bos taurus chymotrypsinogen . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> EC number </Th> <Td> 3.4. 21.1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> CAS number </Th> <Td> 9004 - 07 - 3 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Databases </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> IntEnz </Th> <Td> IntEnz view </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> BRENDA </Th> <Td> BRENDA entry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> ExPASy </Th> <Td> NiceZyme view </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> KEGG </Th> <Td> KEGG entry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MetaCyc </Th> <Td> metabolic pathway </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PRIAM </Th> <Td> profile </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PDB structures </Th> <Td> RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Gene Ontology </Th> <Td> AmiGO / QuickGO </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( show ) Search </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PMC </Th> <Td> articles </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PubMed </Th> <Td> articles </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> NCBI </Th> <Td> proteins </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chymotrypsin C </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> EC number </Th> <Td> 3.4. 21.2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> CAS number </Th> <Td> 9036 - 09 - 3 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Databases </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> IntEnz </Th> <Td> IntEnz view </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> BRENDA </Th> <Td> BRENDA entry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> ExPASy </Th> <Td> NiceZyme view </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> KEGG </Th> <Td> KEGG entry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MetaCyc </Th> <Td> metabolic pathway </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PRIAM </Th> <Td> profile </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PDB structures </Th> <Td> RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( show ) Search </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PMC </Th> <Td> articles </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> PubMed </Th> <Td> articles </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> NCBI </Th> <Td> proteins </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Chymotrypsin ( EC 3.4. 21.1 , chymotrypsins A and B , alpha - chymar ophth , avazyme , chymar , chymotest , enzeon , quimar , quimotrase , alpha - chymar , alpha - chymotrypsin A , alpha - chymotrypsin ) is a digestive enzyme component of pancreatic juice acting in the duodenum where it performs proteolysis , the breakdown of proteins and polypeptides . Chymotrypsin preferentially cleaves peptide amide bonds where the side - chain of the amino acid N - terminal to the scissile amide bond ( the P position ) is a large hydrophobic amino acid ( tyrosine , tryptophan , and phenylalanine ) . These amino acids contain an aromatic ring in their sidechain that fits into a ' hydrophobic pocket ' ( the S position ) of the enzyme . It is activated in the presence of trypsin . The hydrophobic and shape complementarity between the peptide substrate P sidechain and the enzyme S binding cavity accounts for the substrate specificity of this enzyme . Chymotrypsin also hydrolyzes other amide bonds in peptides at slower rates , particularly those containing leucine and methionine at the P position . </P> <P> Structurally , it is the archetypal structure for its superfamily , the PA clan of proteases . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Activation </Li> <Li> 2 Mechanism of action and kinetics </Li> <Li> 3 Isozymes </Li> <Li> 4 See also </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 Further reading </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Activation ( edit ) </H2> <P> Chymotrypsin is synthesized in the pancreas by protein biosynthesis as a precursor called chymotrypsinogen that is enzymatically inactive . Trypsin activates chymotrypsinogen by cleaving peptidic bonds in positions Arg15 - Ile16 and produces π - Chymotrypsin . In turn , aminic group ( - NH3 ) of the Ile16 residue interacts with the side chain of Glu194 , producing the `` oxyanion hole '' and the hydrophobic `` S1 pocket '' . Moreover , Chymotrypsin induces its own activation by cleaving in positions 14 - 15 , 146 - 147 and 148 - 149 , producing α - Chymotrypsin ( which is more active and stable than π - Chymotrypsin ) . The resulting molecule is a three - polypeptide molecule interconnected via disulfide bonds . </P> <H2> Mechanism of action and kinetics ( edit ) </H2> See also : Catalytic triad <P> In vivo , chymotrypsin is a proteolytic enzyme ( Serine protease ) acting in the digestive systems of many organisms . It facilitates the cleavage of peptide bonds by a hydrolysis reaction , which despite being thermodynamically favorable occurs extremely slowly in the absence of a catalyst . The main substrates of chymotrypsin are peptide bonds in which the amino acid N - terminal to the bond is a tryptophan , tyrosine , phenylalanine , or leucine . Like many proteases , chymotrypsin will also hydrolyse amide bonds in vitro , a virtue that enabled the use of substrate analogs such as N - acetyl - L - phenylalanine p - nitrophenyl amide for enzyme assays . </P> Mechanism of peptide bond cleavage in α - chymotrypsin <P> Chymotrypsin cleaves peptide bonds by attacking the unreactive carbonyl group with a powerful nucleophile , the serine 195 residue located in the active site of the enzyme , which briefly becomes covalently bonded to the substrate , forming an enzyme - substrate intermediate . Along with histidine 57 and aspartic acid 102 , this serine residue constitutes the catalytic triad of the active site . </P> <P> These findings rely on inhibition assays and the study of the kinetics of cleavage of the aforementioned substrate , exploiting the fact that the enzyme - substrate intermediate p - nitrophenolate has a yellow colour , enabling us to measure its concentration by measuring light absorbance at 410 nm . </P> <P> It was found that the reaction of chymotrypsin with its substrate takes place in two stages , an initial `` burst '' phase at the beginning of the reaction and a steady - state phase following Michaelis - Menten kinetics . The mode of action of chymotrypsin explains this as hydrolysis takes place in two steps . First acylation of the substrate to form an acyl - enzyme intermediate and then deacylation in order to return the enzyme to its original state . This occurs via the concerted action of the three amino acid residues in the catalytic triad . Aspartate hydrogen bonds to the N - δ hydrogen of histidine , increasing the pKa of its ε nitrogen and thus making it able to deprotonate serine . It is this deprotonation that allows the serine side chain to act as a nucleophile and bind to the electron - deficient carbonyl carbon of the protein main chain . Ionization of the carbonyl oxygen is stabilized by formation of two hydrogen bonds to adjacent main chain N - hydrogens . This occurs in the oxyanion hole . This forms a tetrahedral adduct and breakage of the peptide bond . An acyl - enzyme intermediate , bound to the serine , is formed , and the newly formed amino terminus of the cleaved protein can dissociate . In the second reaction step , a water molecule is activated by the basic histidine , and acts as a nucleophile . The oxygen of water attacks the carbonyl carbon of the serine - bound acyl group , resulting in formation of a second tetrahedral adduct , regeneration of the serine - OH group , and release of a proton , as well as the protein fragment with the newly formed carboxyl terminus </P> <H2> Isozymes ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chymotrypsinogen B1 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Symbol </Th> <Td> CTRB1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Entrez </Th> <Td> 1504 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> HUGO </Th> <Td> 2521 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OMIM </Th> <Td> 118890 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> RefSeq </Th> <Td> NM_001906 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UniProt </Th> <Td> P17538 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Other data </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> EC number </Th> <Td> 3.4. 21.1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Locus </Th> <Td> Chr. 16 q23. 1 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chymotrypsinogen B2 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Symbol </Th> <Td> CTRB2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Entrez </Th> <Td> 440387 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> HUGO </Th> <Td> 2522 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> RefSeq </Th> <Td> NM_001025200 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UniProt </Th> <Td> Q6GPI1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Other data </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> EC number </Th> <Td> 3.4. 21.1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Locus </Th> <Td> Chr. 16 q22. 3 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chymotrypsin C ( caldecrin ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Symbol </Th> <Td> CTRC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Entrez </Th> <Td> 11330 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> HUGO </Th> <Td> 2523 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> OMIM </Th> <Td> 601405 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> RefSeq </Th> <Td> NM_007272 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UniProt </Th> <Td> Q99895 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Other data </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> EC number </Th> <Td> 3.4. 21.2 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Locus </Th> <Td> Chr. 1 p36. 21 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Trypsin </Li> <Li> PA clan of proteases </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ PDB : 1CHG ​ ; Freer ST , Kraut J , Robertus JD , Wright HT , Xuong NH ( April 1970 ) . `` Chymotrypsinogen : 2.5 - angstrom crystal structure , comparison with alpha - chymotrypsin , and implications for zymogen activation '' . Biochemistry . 9 ( 9 ) : 1997 -- 2009 . doi : 10.1021 / bi00811a022 . PMID 5442169 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Wilcox PE ( 1970 ) . `` Chymotrypsinogens -- chymotrypsins '' . Methods in Enzymology . Methods in Enzymology. 19 : 64 -- 108 . doi : 10.1016 / 0076 - 6879 ( 70 ) 19007 - 0 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 12 - 181881 - 4 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Appel W ( December 1986 ) . `` Chymotrypsin : molecular and catalytic properties '' . Clin. Biochem. 19 ( 6 ) : 317 -- 22 . doi : 10.1016 / S0009 - 9120 ( 86 ) 80002 - 9 . PMID 3555886 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Berger A , Schechter I ( February 1970 ) . `` Mapping the active site of papain with the aid of peptide substrates and inhibitors '' . Philos . Trans . R. Soc . Lond . B Biol. Sci. 257 ( 813 ) : 249 -- 64 . doi : 10.1098 / rstb. 1970.0024 . PMID 4399049 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Petsko , Gregory ; Ringe , Dagmar ( 2009 ) . Protein Structure and Function . Oxford : Oxford University Press . pp. 78 -- 79 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 19 - 955684 - 7 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> Further reading ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Stryer L , Berg JM , Tymoczko JL ( 2002 ) . Biochemistry . San Francisco : W.H. Freeman . ISBN 0 - 7167 - 4684 - 0 . </Li> <Li> Grisham CM , Reginald H ( 2005 ) . Biochemistry . Australia : Thomson Brooks / Cole . ISBN 0 - 534 - 49033 - 6 . </Li> </Ul> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors : S01. 001 </Li> <Li> Chymotrypsin at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH ) </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Endopeptidases : serine proteases / serine endopeptidases ( EC 3.4. 21 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Digestive enzymes </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Enteropeptidase </Li> <Li> Trypsin </Li> <Li> Chymotrypsin </Li> <Li> Elastase <Ul> <Li> Neutrophil </Li> <Li> Pancreatic </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coagulation </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> factors : Thrombin </Li> <Li> Factor VIIa </Li> <Li> Factor IXa </Li> <Li> Factor Xa </Li>

Cleavage of the peptide bond by chymotrypsin occurs

Where does cleavage of the peptide bond by chymotrypsin occur?

-1917333139201003378

European colonization of the Americas - wikipedia <H1> European colonization of the Americas </H1> Jump to : navigation , search `` American settlers '' redirects here . For prehistoric settlers of the Americas , see Settlement of the Americas . `` Conquest of America '' redirects here . For other uses , see Conquest of America ( disambiguation ) . <Table> <Tr> <Td> Part of a series on </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> European colonization of the Americas </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> First wave of European colonization </Li> <Li> British </Li> <Li> Couronian </Li> <Li> Danish </Li> <Li> Dutch </Li> <Li> French </Li> <Li> German </Li> <Li> Hospitaller ( Maltese ) </Li> <Li> Norse </Li> <Li> Portuguese </Li> <Li> Russian </Li> <Li> Scottish </Li> <Li> Spanish </Li> <Li> Swedish </Li> <Li> Colonization of Canada </Li> <Li> Colonization of the United States </Li> <Li> Decolonization </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Colonialism portal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The European colonization of the Americas describes the history of the settlement and establishment of control of the continents of the Americas by various European powers . Starting in either the 10th or 11th century , West Norse sailors explored and briefly settled on the shores of present - day Canada , according to Icelandic Sagas , but violent conflicts with the indigenous population ultimately led to the Norse abandoning those settlements . </P> Political map of the Americas in 1794 <P> European colonization began in 1492 , when a Spanish expedition headed by the Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus sailed west to find a new trade route to the Far East but inadvertently landed in what came to be known to Europeans as the `` New World '' . Running aground on the northern part of Hispaniola on 5 December 1492 , which the Taino people had inhabited since the 7th century , the site became the first European settlement in the Americas after the Norse . European conquest , large - scale exploration and colonization soon followed . Columbus 's first two voyages ( 1492 -- 93 ) reached the Bahamas and various Caribbean islands , including Hispaniola , Puerto Rico and Cuba . In 1498 , sailing from Bristol on behalf of England , John Cabot landed on the North American coast , and a year later , Columbus 's third voyage reached the South American coast . As the sponsor of Christopher Columbus 's voyages , Spain was the first European power to settle and colonize the largest areas , from North America and the Caribbean to the southern tip of South America . </P> <P> Other powers such as France also founded colonies in the Americas : in eastern North America , a number of Caribbean islands and small coastal parts of South America . Portugal colonized Brazil , tried colonizing the eastern coasts of present - day Canada and settled for extended periods northwest ( on the east bank ) of the River Plate . The Age of Exploration was the beginning of territorial expansion for several European countries . Europe had been preoccupied with internal wars and was slowly recovering from the loss of population caused by the Black Death ; thus the rapid rate at which it grew in wealth and power was unforeseeable in the early 15th century . </P> <P> Eventually , most of the Western Hemisphere came under the control of European governments , leading to changes to its landscape , population , and plant and animal life . In the 19th century over 50 million people left Europe for the Americas . The post-1492 era is known as the period of the Columbian Exchange , a dramatically widespread exchange of animals , plants , culture , human populations ( including slaves ) , ideas and communicable disease between the American and Afro - Eurasian hemispheres following Columbus 's voyages to the Americas . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Norse trans - oceanic contact </Li> <Li> 2 Early conquests , claims and colonies </Li> <Li> 3 Early state - sponsored colonists </Li> <Li> 4 The search for riches </Li> <Li> 5 Religious immigration </Li> <Li> 6 Forced immigration and enslavement <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Slavery </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Disease and indigenous population loss </Li> <Li> 8 Impact of colonial land ownership on long - term development </Li> <Li> 9 List of European colonies in the Americas <Ul> <Li> 9.1 English and ( after 1707 ) British </Li> <Li> 9.2 Courland </Li> <Li> 9.3 Danish </Li> <Li> 9.4 Dutch </Li> <Li> 9.5 French </Li> <Li> 9.6 Knights of Malta </Li> <Li> 9.7 Norwegian </Li> <Li> 9.8 Portuguese </Li> <Li> 9.9 Russian </Li> <Li> 9.10 Scottish </Li> <Li> 9.11 Spanish </Li> <Li> 9.12 Swedish </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 Exhibitions and collections </Li> <Li> 11 See also </Li> <Li> 12 Notes </Li> <Li> 13 Bibliography </Li> <Li> 14 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Norse trans - oceanic contact ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Norse colonization of the Americas Voyages of the Vikings to America . <P> Norse journeys to Greenland and Canada are supported by historical and archaeological evidence . A Norse colony in Greenland was established in the late 10th century , and lasted until the mid 15th century , with court and parliament assemblies ( þing ) taking place at Brattahlíð and a bishop located at Garðar . The remains of a Norse settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows in Newfoundland , Canada , were discovered in 1960 and were dated to around the year 1000 ( carbon dating estimate 990 -- 1050 CE ) . L'Anse aux Meadows is the only site widely accepted as evidence of pre-Columbian trans - oceanic contact . It was named a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1978 . It is also notable for its possible connection with the attempted colony of Vinland , established by Leif Erikson around the same period or , more broadly , with the West Norse colonization of the Americas . </P> <H2> Early conquests , claims and colonies ( edit ) </H2> Territorial evolution of North America of non-native nation states from 1750 to 2008 Central America & Caribbean sovereignty 1700 -- present <P> Early explorations and conquests were made by the Spanish and the Portuguese immediately following their own final reconquest of Iberia in 1492 . In the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas , ratified by the Pope , these two kingdoms divided the entire non-European world into two areas of exploration and colonization , with a north to south boundary that cut through the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern part of present - day Brazil . Based on this treaty and on early claims by Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa , discoverer of the Pacific Ocean in 1513 , the Spanish conquered large territories in North , Central and South America . </P> Amerigo Vespucci awakens `` America '' in a Stradanus 's engraving ( circa 1638 ) <P> Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés took over the Aztec Kingdom and Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire . As a result , by the mid-16th century , the Spanish Crown had gained control of much of western South America , Central America and southern North America , in addition to its earlier Caribbean territories . Over this same timeframe , Portugal claimed lands in North America ( Canada ) and colonized much of eastern South America , naming it Santa Cruz and Brazil . </P> <P> Other European nations soon disputed the terms of the Treaty of Tordesillas . England and France attempted to plant colonies in the Americas in the 16th century , but these failed . England and France succeeded in establishing permanent colonies in the following century , along with the Dutch Republic . Some of these were on Caribbean islands , which had often already been conquered by the Spanish or depopulated by disease , while others were in eastern North America , which had not been colonized by Spain north of Florida . </P> <P> Early European possessions in North America included Spanish Florida , Spanish New Mexico , the English colonies of Virginia ( with its North Atlantic offshoot , Bermuda ) and New England , the French colonies of Acadia and Canada , the Swedish colony of New Sweden , and the Dutch New Netherland . In the 18th century , Denmark -- Norway revived its former colonies in Greenland , while the Russian Empire gained a foothold in Alaska . Denmark - Norway would later make several claims in the Caribbean , starting in the 1600s . </P> <P> As more nations gained an interest in the colonization of the Americas , competition for territory became increasingly fierce . Colonists often faced the threat of attacks from neighboring colonies , as well as from indigenous tribes and pirates . </P> <H2> Early state - sponsored colonists ( edit ) </H2> Juan Ponce de León ( Santervás de Campos , Valladolid , Spain ) Further information : Portugal in the Age of Discovery , Spanish colonization of the Americas , and First European colonization wave ( 15th century -- 19th century ) <P> The first phase of well - financed European activity in the Americas began with the Atlantic Ocean crossings of Christopher Columbus ( 1492 -- 1504 ) , sponsored by Spain , whose original attempt was to find a new route to India and China , known as `` the Indies '' . He was followed by other explorers such as John Cabot , who was sponsored by England and reached Newfoundland . Pedro Álvares Cabral reached Brazil and claimed it for Portugal . </P> <P> Amerigo Vespucci , working for Portugal in voyages from 1497 to 1513 , established that Columbus had reached a new set of continents . Cartographers still use a Latinized version of his first name , America , for the two continents . Other explorers included Giovanni da Verrazzano , sponsored by France in 1524 ; the Portuguese João Vaz Corte - Real in Newfoundland ; João Fernandes Lavrador , Gaspar and Miguel Corte - Real and João Álvares Fagundes , in Newfoundland , Greenland , Labrador , and Nova Scotia ( from 1498 to 1502 , and in 1520 ) ; Jacques Cartier ( 1491 -- 1557 ) , Henry Hudson ( 1560s -- 1611 ) , and Samuel de Champlain ( 1567 -- 1635 ) , who explored the region of Canada he reestablished as New France . </P> <P> In 1513 , Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama and led the first European expedition to see the Pacific Ocean from the west coast of the New World . In an action with enduring historical import , Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean and all the lands adjoining it for the Spanish Crown . It was 1517 before another expedition , from Cuba , visited Central America , landing on the coast of Yucatán in search of slaves . </P> Iberian Union ( 1598 ) <P> These explorations were followed , notably in the case of Spain , by a phase of conquest : The Spaniards , having just finished the Reconquista of Spain from Muslim rule , were the first to colonize the Americas , applying the same model of governing their European holdings to their territories of the New World . </P> <P> Ten years after Columbus 's discovery , the administration of Hispaniola was given to Nicolás de Ovando of the Order of Alcántara , founded during the Reconquista . As in the Iberian Peninsula , the inhabitants of Hispaniola were given new landmasters , while religious orders handled the local administration . Progressively the encomienda system , which granted tribute ( access to indigenous labor and taxation ) to European settlers , was set in place . </P> <P> A relatively common misconception is that a small number of conquistadores conquered vast territories , aided only by disease epidemics and their powerful caballeros . In fact , recent archaeological excavations have suggested a vast Spanish - Indian alliance numbering

The first non-native settlers in the US were a result of

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Great Pyramid of Giza - wikipedia <H1> Great Pyramid of Giza </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> The Great Pyramid of Giza </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Owner </Th> <Td> Khufu </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> Giza pyramid complex , Giza , Egypt </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Td> 29 ° 58 ′ 45.03 '' N 31 ° 08 ′ 03.69 '' E  /  29.9791750 ° N 31.1343583 ° E  / 29.9791750 ; 31.1343583 Coordinates : 29 ° 58 ′ 45.03 '' N 31 ° 08 ′ 03.69 '' E  /  29.9791750 ° N 31.1343583 ° E  / 29.9791750 ; 31.1343583 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ancient name </Th> <Td> Khufu 's Horizon </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Architect </Th> <Td> Hemiunu </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Constructed </Th> <Td> c. 2580 -- 2560 BC ( 4th dynasty ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> True pyramid </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Height </Th> <Td> 146.7 metres ( 481 ft ) or 280 Egyptian Royal cubits 138.8 metres ( 455 ft ) ( contemporary ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Base </Th> <Td> 230.34 metres ( 756 ft ) or 440 Egyptian Royal cubits </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Volume </Th> <Td> 2,583,283 cubic metres ( 91,227,778 cu ft ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Slope </Th> <Td> <P> 51 ° 52 ' ± 2 ' </P> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> UNESCO World Heritage Site </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Part of </Th> <Td> Memphis and its Necropolis -- the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Criteria </Th> <Td> Cultural : i , iii , vi </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Reference </Th> <Td> 86 - 002 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Inscription </Th> <Td> 1979 ( 3rd Session ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Location of Great Pyramid of Giza </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Related media on Wikimedia Commons </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Great Pyramid of Giza ( also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops ) is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering what is now El Giza , Egypt . It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World , and the only one to remain largely intact . </P> <P> Based on a mark in an interior chamber naming the work gang and a reference to the fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu , Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb over a 10 - to 20 - year period concluding around 2560 BC . Initially at 146.5 metres ( 481 feet ) , the Great Pyramid was the tallest man - made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years . Originally , the Great Pyramid was covered by limestone casing stones that formed a smooth outer surface ; what is seen today is the underlying core structure . Some of the casing stones that once covered the structure can still be seen around the base . There have been varying scientific and alternative theories about the Great Pyramid 's construction techniques . Most accepted construction hypotheses are based on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place . </P> <P> There are three known chambers inside the Great Pyramid . The lowest chamber is cut into the bedrock upon which the pyramid was built and was unfinished . The so - called Queen 's Chamber and King 's Chamber are higher up within the pyramid structure . The main part of the Giza complex is a set of buildings that included two mortuary temples in honour of Khufu ( one close to the pyramid and one near the Nile ) , three smaller pyramids for Khufu 's wives , an even smaller `` satellite '' pyramid , a raised causeway connecting the two temples , and small mastaba tombs surrounding the pyramid for nobles . </P> Transparent view of Khufu 's pyramid from SE . Taken from a 3d model <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History and description </Li> <Li> 2 Materials <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Casing stones </Li> <Li> 2.2 Construction theories </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Interior <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Queen 's Chamber </Li> <Li> 3.2 Grand Gallery </Li> <Li> 3.3 King 's Chamber </Li> <Li> 3.4 Modern entrance </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Pyramid complex </Li> <Li> 5 Boats </Li> <Li> 6 Looting </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> <Li> 9 Bibliography </Li> <Li> 10 Further reading </Li> <Li> 11 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History and description </H2> Timeline and map of the Great Pyramid of Giza and the other Wonders of the Ancient World <P> Egyptologists believe the pyramid was built as a tomb for the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu ( often Hellenized as `` Cheops '' ) and was constructed over a 20 - year period . Khufu 's vizier , Hemiunu ( also called Hemon ) is believed by some to be the architect of the Great Pyramid . It is thought that , at construction , the Great Pyramid was originally 280 Egyptian Royal cubits tall ( 146.5 metres ( 480.6 ft ) ) , but with erosion and absence of its pyramidion , its present height is 138.8 metres ( 455.4 ft ) . Each base side was 440 cubits , 230.4 metres ( 755.9 ft ) long . The mass of the pyramid is estimated at 5.9 million tonnes . The volume , including an internal hillock , is roughly 2,500,000 cubic metres ( 88,000,000 cu ft ) . </P> <P> Based on these estimates , building the pyramid in 20 years would involve installing approximately 800 tonnes of stone every day . Additionally , since it consists of an estimated 2.3 million blocks , completing the building in 20 years would involve moving an average of more than 12 of the blocks into place each hour , day and night . The first precision measurements of the pyramid were made by Egyptologist Sir Flinders Petrie in 1880 -- 82 and published as The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh . Almost all reports are based on his measurements . Many of the casing - stones and inner chamber blocks of the Great Pyramid fit together with extremely high precision . Based on measurements taken on the north - eastern casing stones , the mean opening of the joints is only 0.5 millimetre wide ( 1 / 50 of an inch ) . </P> Great Pyramid of Giza from a 19th - century stereopticon card photo <P> The pyramid remained the tallest man - made structure in the world for over 3,800 years , unsurpassed until the 160 - metre - tall ( 520 ft ) spire of Lincoln Cathedral was completed c. 1300 . The accuracy of the pyramid 's workmanship is such that the four sides of the base have an average error of only 58 millimetres in length . The base is horizontal and flat to within ± 15 mm ( 0.6 in ) . The sides of the square base are closely aligned to the four cardinal compass points ( within four minutes of arc ) based on true north , not magnetic north , and the finished base was squared to a mean corner error of only 12 seconds of arc . </P> <P> The completed design dimensions , as suggested by Petrie 's survey and subsequent studies , are estimated to have originally been 280 Egyptian Royal cubits high by 440 cubits long at each of the four sides of its base . The ratio of the perimeter to height of 1760 / 280 Egyptian Royal cubits equates to 2 π to an accuracy of better than 0.05 % ( corresponding to the well - known approximation of π as 22 / 7 ) . Some Egyptologists consider this to have been the result of deliberate design proportion . Verner wrote , `` We can conclude that although the ancient Egyptians could not precisely define the value of π , in practice they used it '' . Petrie , author of Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh concluded : `` but these relations of areas and of circular ratio are so systematic that we should grant that they were in the builder 's design '' . Others have argued that the Ancient Egyptians had no concept of pi and would not have thought to encode it in their monuments . They believe that the observed pyramid slope may be based on a simple seked slope choice alone , with no regard to the overall size and proportions of the finished building . In 2013 , rolls of papyrus called the Diary of Merer were discovered written by some of those who delivered limestone and other construction materials from Tora to Giza . </P> <H2> Materials </H2> <P> The Great Pyramid consists of an estimated 2.3 million blocks which most believe to have been transported from nearby quarries . The Tura limestone used for the casing was quarried across the river . The largest granite stones in the pyramid , found in the `` King 's '' chamber , weigh 25 to 80 tonnes and were transported from Aswan , more than 800 km ( 500 mi ) away . Traditionally , ancient Egyptians cut stone blocks by hammering into them wooden wedges , which were then soaked with water . As the water was absorbed , the wedges expanded , causing the rock to crack . Once they were cut , they were carried by boat either up or down the Nile River to the pyramid . It is estimated that 5.5 million tonnes of limestone , 8,000 tonnes of granite ( imported from Aswan ) , and 500,000 tonnes of mortar were used in the construction of the Great Pyramid . </P> <H3> Casing stones </H3> Casing stone in the British Museum . <P> At completion , the Great Pyramid was surfaced by white `` casing stones '' -- slant - faced , but flat - topped , blocks of highly polished white limestone . These were carefully cut to what is approximately a face slope with a seked of 51⁄2 palms to give the required dimensions . Visibly , all that remains is the underlying stepped core structure seen today . In AD 1303 , a massive earthquake loosened many of the outer casing stones , which were then carted away by Bahri Sultan An - Nasir Nasir - ad - Din al - Hasan in 1356 to build mosques and fortresses in nearby Cairo . Many more casing stones were removed from the great pyramids by Muhammad Ali Pasha in the early 19th century to build the upper portion of his Alabaster Mosque in Cairo , not far from Giza . These limestone casings can still be seen as parts of these structures . Later explorers reported massive piles of rubble at the base of the pyramids left over from the continuing collapse of the casing stones , which were subsequently cleared away during continuing excavations of the site . </P> <P> Nevertheless , a few of the casing stones from the lowest course can be seen to this day in situ around the base of the Great Pyramid , and display the same workmanship and precision that has been reported for centuries . Petrie also found a different orientation in the core and in the casing measuring 193 centimetres ± 25 centimetres . He suggested a redetermination of north was made after the construction of the core , but a mistake was made , and the casing was built with a different orientation . Petrie related the precision of the casing stones as to being `` equal to opticians ' work of the present day , but on a scale of acres '' and `` to place such stones in exact contact would be careful work ; but to do so with cement in the joints seems almost

The construction of the Great Pyramid of Egypt spanned a

How long did it take to build the great pyramid of egypt?

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Comcast SportsNet was also integrated into the new NBC Sports Group unit , culminating with the addition of the peacock logo and an updated graphics package to mirror that of its parent network . The updated graphics were implemented on CSN 's live game coverage and all studio shows ; SportsNet Central was an exception to this initially , but would ultimately implement a new on - air look of its own and on April 14 , 2014 , in conjunction with that change , the program switched to the updated graphics package introduced three years earlier . </P> <P> Comcast SportsNet Northwest became CSN Northwest in 2016 . On October 2 , 2017 , CSN Northwest was renamed as NBC Sports Northwest , as part of a larger rebranding of the Comcast SportsNet networks under the NBC Sports brand . </P> <H2> Programming ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Portland Trail Blazers ( edit ) </H3> <P> NBC Sports Northwest holds the exclusive regional television rights to the Portland Trail Blazers , carrying the majority of the NBA franchise 's regular season , pre-season and early - round playoff games ; the network also produces expanded pre-game and post-game analysis ( under the Rip City Live and Talking Ball banners ) , and carries select NBA Summer League games and season team previews . During the network 's inaugural season in 2007 -- 08 , Comcast SportsNet Northwest carried at least 55 Trail Blazers regular season games . Combined with the Trail Blazers ' over-the - air coverage , 81 of the team 's regular season games that year were shown on television , the largest number of telecasts in the team 's history . The new network aired 28 of the team 's 36 home game telecasts in high definition . All Trail Blazers telecasts are produced in - house by the team , and some were previously syndicated to over-the - air stations in the team 's designated market region . </P> <P> On July 6 , 2016 , the team extended its contract through the 2020 -- 2021 season and made NBC Sports Northwest the exclusive broadcaster of all regional Trail Blazers games beginning in the 2017 -- 18 season . </P> <P> Since the 2008 -- 09 season , due to the Seattle SuperSonics ' relocation to Oklahoma City , Oklahoma , in 2008 to become the Oklahoma City Thunder , Trail Blazers games are also available in the Seattle region . </P> <H3> University of Oregon Ducks ( edit ) </H3> <P> The Oregon Sports Network ( OSN ) -- a sports syndication service operated by the University of Oregon to broadcast Oregon Ducks events -- was seeking to expand its coverage and availability , and negotiated a contract with Comcast SportsNet Northwest around the time of its launch to air many of the university 's football and basketball games that were not scheduled to broadcast on a national network or on FSN . In 2008 , Comcast SportsNet Northwest became the primary broadcaster of OSN - produced telecasts , with the games being simulcast on Fox affiliate KLSR - TV ( channel 34 ) in Eugene . Comcast SportsNet Northwest did not carry any Ducks football games during the 2012 season . In 2015 , it ran the weekly Talking Ducks program . </P> <H3> Other Sports events ( edit ) </H3> <P> NBC Sports Northwest also provides coverage of a variety of other regional sports events . The network broadcasts NHL games involving the Vancouver Canucks , carrying 25 games per season that are simulcast from Sportsnet Pacific . Through its relationships with other Comcast - owned channels , NBC Sports Northwest also broadcasts 35 regular - season games from various other NHL teams . In 2011 , Comcast SportsNet Northwest announced that it would provide a reduced schedule of NHL coverage focusing solely on the Vancouver Canucks and San Jose Sharks ; the network announced later that year that it would no longer carry any Sharks telecasts . Additionally , the network also carries select home games from the Portland Winterhawks Western Hockey League franchise . </P> <P> In April 2009 , Comcast SportsNet Northwest began carrying select regular season games from the Tacoma Rainiers of the Pacific Coast League . The telecasts audio simulcasts of play - by - play commentary called by Rainiers radio announcer Mike Curto . On March 12 , 2014 , the network announced that it would carry all but one home game from the Portland Thunder during the Arena Football League team 's inaugural season . </P> <H3> Other programming ( edit ) </H3> <P> The network produces SportsNet Central , a daily morning news program providing game highlights and sports headlines . The network will provide fans with multimedia sports content online and through video on demand . Along with the network 's Trail Blazers game coverage , the network also airs a number of other NBA - related specials focused on the NBA Draft , NBA All - Star Game and the NBA Playoffs . </P> <P> NBC Sports Northwest also airs video simulcasts of three weekday sports radio programs : it carries the Chuck Powell Show KJR ( 950 AM ) talk program from Seattle live each weekday from 10 : 00 a.m. to 1 : 00 p.m. , and The FAN from KFXX ( 1080 AM ) in Portland from 3 : 00 to 6 : 00 p.m. </P> <H2> Availability ( edit ) </H2> <P> As of September 2013 , Comcast SportsNet Northwest is available on Comcast ( in Oregon and Washington ) , Ashland TV , Beaver Creek Telcom , BendBroadband , Canby Telcom , Charter Communications ( in Oregon and Washington ) , Country Cablevision , Frontier Communications ( in Oregon and Washington ) , MINET ( in Monmouth , Oregon ) , Monroe Telephone , Reliance Connects , Scio Cablevision , Verizon FiOS ( in the Portland and Seattle markets ) and Wave Broadband . </P> <H3> Carriage controversies ( edit ) </H3> <P> As of August 2013 , the network is not available on satellite providers DirecTV and Dish Network , which both maintain that Comcast has negotiated in bad faith during carriage discussions engaged between the parties . Particularly , Comcast demands the network be carried on more widely subscribed basic programming tiers , while contradictorily arguing that sports networks not owned by the company be carried only on a dedicated sports tier . The Trail Blazers are said to be frustrated and disappointed with Comcast 's conduct over their contract with CSN Northwest in this regard . </P> <P> The Consumer Protection Committee of the Oregon House of Representatives held a hearing on February 24 , 2010 to attempt to arbitrate a carriage deal between the network , DirecTV , Dish Network and Charter Communications . No representatives for DirecTV , Dish Network or the Trail Blazers attended the hearing . On June 21 , the Trail Blazers asked the Federal Communications Commission to require Comcast to make the team 's games available to competing multichannel video programming distributors such as DirecTV and Dish Network . </P> <P> Oregon - based cable provider Canby Telcom objected to a non-negotiable subscribe fee increase that would have increased the network 's annual subscriber rate to over $32 in 2012 ; as a result , Canby announced plans to stop carrying Comcast SportsNet Northwest . Keith Galitz , president of Canby Telcom , stated `` That 's just too steep an increase for us , and it 's not in line with inflation or normal escalation of prices in the industry . '' Canby Telcom has accused Comcast of raising rates way beyond the rate of inflation and industry - wide increases . Clear Creek Television , which carried the Trail Blazers for 15 years , was rebuffed in its attempts to negotiate the above - market rate Comcast was pushing for . </P> <P> Comcast sent some of its senior staff members to Oregon after a member of the Sports Fan Coalition testified before the Oregon State Legislature on the provider 's denial of access to the network on DirecTV , Dish and other cable providers . Brian Frederick , executive director of the advocacy group , stated that `` Comcast clearly sees the public perception of its treatment of sports fans as a potential Achilles heel in efforts to acquire NBCU '' . In a November 7 , 2010 article in The Oregonian , Blazers chief executive officer Larry Miller continued to express frustration about the lack of availability for the team 's CSN - televised games . </P> <H2> Related services ( edit ) </H2> <H3> NBC Sports Northwest HD ( edit ) </H3> <P> NBC Sports Northwest HD is a 1080i high - definition simulcast feed of NBC Sports Northwest . CSN Northwest broadcast 28 Portland Trail Blazers home games in HD in the 2007 -- 08 season ; that number of high - definition game telecasts shown on the network increased to 32 for the 2008 -- 09 season . Former Blazers broadcaster Mike Barrett announced during the network 's game telecast against the Los Angeles Clippers on April 13 , 2009 , that CSN Northwest would broadcast all Trail Blazers games in HD from then onward . </P> <P> NBC Sports Northwest HD is available on Comcast throughout Oregon and southwestern Washington ; Comcast did not carry the high - definition feed in most of the remainder of Washington State ( specifically its systems in the Seattle - Tacoma and Spokane markets ) until early 2013 , when it began to be carried on Channel 617 . CSN Northwest HD is only available on Comcast 's digital preferred package in western and eastern Washington . </P> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Mike Rogoway ( May 29 , 2007 ) . `` Comcast 's sports channels fuel bidding war '' . The Oregonian . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` NBC Sports Regional Networks to align CSN and TCN properties under ' NBC Sports ' brand '' . NBC Sports Regional Networks . August 23 , 2017 . Retrieved August 23 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Comcast SportsNet , Blazers create network '' . Portland Business Journal . American City Business Journals . May 21 , 2007 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ CSN Staff ( August 23 , 2017 ) . `` CSNNW set to become NBC Sports Northwest CSN NW '' . CSNNW.com . Stamford , Connecticut : Comcast SportsNet Northwest , LLC . Retrieved August 23 , 2017 . In addition to the integration of the NBC Peacock in 2012 , `` Comcast SportsNet '' changed to `` CSN '' in 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ CSN Staff ( August 23 , 2017 ) . `` CSNNW set to become NBC Sports Northwest CSN NW '' . CSNNW.com . Stamford , Connecticut : Comcast SportsNet Northwest , LLC . Retrieved August 23 , 2017 . NBC Sports Regional Networks will align the remainder of its five CSN - branded networks , as well as two TCNs , on October 2 . The new names will incorporate `` NBC Sports '' with each of the networks ' regional designations . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Kerry Eggers ( March 24 , 2016 ) . `` Will CSN , Blazers reach new deal ? '' . Retrieved March 26 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Trail Blazers extend television deal with CSN Northwest through 2020 - 21 NBA season '' . The Oregonian . Retrieved July 7 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` CSN & Portland Thunder ink multi-year TV deal '' . Comcast SportsNet Northwest ( Press release ) . March 11 , 2014 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` BLAZERS : Comcast Sports Net Northwest , Portland Trail Blazers Announce a New Regional Sports Network '' . NBA.com ( Press release ) . May 21 , 2007 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Digital Cable -- Channel Lineup '' . BendBroadband .

NBC Sports Northwest is

What channel is nbc sports northwest on directv?

6608141013475408306

List of largest companies by revenue - wikipedia <H1> List of largest companies by revenue </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <P> This list comprises the world 's largest businesses by consolidated revenue as of 2016 , according to the Fortune Global 500 tally . The list is limited to 35 companies , all of which have annual revenues exceeding $120 billion US dollars . </P> <P> The availability and reliability of up - to - date information on prior state - owned companies is limited ( for example Saudi Aramco does not publish any financial data ) and varies from country to country ; thus , this list may be incomplete . This list is shown in U.S. dollars , but many of the companies on it prepare their accounts in other currencies . The dollar value of their revenue may change substantially in a short period of time due to exchange rate fluctuations . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 List of largest companies by revenue </Li> <Li> 2 See also </Li> <Li> 3 Notes </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> List of largest companies by revenue </H2> <P> State - owned enterprise </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Rank </Th> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Industry </Th> <Th> Revenue ( USD millions ) </Th> <Th> Revenue growth </Th> <Th> Employees </Th> <Th> Country </Th> <Th> Headquarters </Th> <Th> CEO </Th> <Th> Ref </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Walmart </Td> <Td> General merchandisers </Td> <Td> $485,873 </Td> <Td> 6999800000000000000 ♠ 0.8 % </Td> <Td> 2,300,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Bentonville , Arkansas </Td> <Td> Doug McMillon </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> State Grid </Td> <Td> Utilities </Td> <Td> $315,199 </Td> <Td> 2999560000000099999 ♠ 4.4 % </Td> <Td> 926,067 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Beijing </Td> <Td> Shu Yinbiao </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Sinopec Group </Td> <Td> Petroleum refining </Td> <Td> $267,518 </Td> <Td> 2999090000000000000 ♠ 9.1 % </Td> <Td> 713,288 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Beijing </Td> <Td> Wang Yupu </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> China National Petroleum </Td> <Td> Petroleum refining </Td> <Td> $262,573 </Td> <Td> 2998877000000000000 ♠ 12.3 % </Td> <Td> 1,512,048 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Beijing </Td> <Td> Wang Yilin </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 5 </Th> <Td> Toyota </Td> <Td> Motor vehicles and parts </Td> <Td> $254,694 </Td> <Td> 7000770000000000000 ♠ 7.7 % </Td> <Td> 364,445 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Toyota , Aichi </Td> <Td> Akio Toyoda </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 6 </Th> <Td> Volkswagen Group </Td> <Td> Automotive </Td> <Td> $240,264 </Td> <Td> 7000150000000000000 ♠ 1.5 % </Td> <Td> 626,715 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Wolfsburg </Td> <Td> Matthias Müller </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 7 </Th> <Td> Royal Dutch Shell </Td> <Td> Petroleum refining </Td> <Td> $240,033 </Td> <Td> 2998882000000000000 ♠ 11.8 % </Td> <Td> 89,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> The Hague </Td> <Td> Ben van Beurden </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 8 </Th> <Td> Berkshire Hathaway </Td> <Td> Conglomerate </Td> <Td> $223,604 </Td> <Td> 7000610000000000000 ♠ 6.1 % </Td> <Td> 367,700 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Omaha , Nebraska </Td> <Td> Warren Buffett </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 9 </Th> <Td> Apple </Td> <Td> Computers , consumer electronics , and entertainment </Td> <Td> $215,639 </Td> <Td> 2999230000000099999 ♠ 7.7 % </Td> <Td> 116,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Cupertino , California </Td> <Td> Tim Cook </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 10 </Th> <Td> Exxon Mobil </Td> <Td> Petroleum refining </Td> <Td> $205,004 </Td> <Td> 2998833000000000000 ♠ 16.7 % </Td> <Td> 72,700 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Irving , Texas </Td> <Td> Darren Woods </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 11 </Th> <Td> McKesson </Td> <Td> Healthcare </Td> <Td> $198,533 </Td> <Td> 7000310000000000000 ♠ 3.1 % </Td> <Td> 64,500 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> San Francisco </Td> <Td> John Hammergren </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 12 </Th> <Td> BP </Td> <Td> Petroleum refining </Td> <Td> $186,606 </Td> <Td> 2998826009999900000 ♠ 17.4 % </Td> <Td> 74,500 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> London </Td> <Td> Bob Dudley </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 13 </Th> <Td> United Health </Td> <Td> Healthcare </Td> <Td> $184,840 </Td> <Td> 7001177000000000000 ♠ 17.7 % </Td> <Td> 230,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Minnetonka , Minnesota </Td> <Td> Stephen Hemsley </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 14 </Th> <Td> CVS Health </Td> <Td> Healthcare </Td> <Td> $177,526 </Td> <Td> 7001158000000000000 ♠ 15.8 % </Td> <Td> 204,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Woonsocket , Rhode Island </Td> <Td> Larry Merlo </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 15 </Th> <Td> Samsung Electronics </Td> <Td> Electronics and electrical equipment </Td> <Td> $173,957 </Td> <Td> 2999800000000000000 ♠ 2.0 % </Td> <Td> 325,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Suwon </Td> <Td> Oh - Hyun Kwon </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 16 </Th> <Td> Glencore </Td> <Td> Mining and crude oil production </Td> <Td> $173,883 </Td> <Td> 7000200000000000000 ♠ 2.0 % </Td> <Td> 93,123 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Baar </Td> <Td> Ivan Glasenberg </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 17 </Th> <Td> Daimler </Td> <Td> Automotive </Td> <Td> $169,483 </Td> <Td> 7000220000000000000 ♠ 2.2 % </Td> <Td> 282,488 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Stuttgart </Td> <Td> Dieter Zetsche </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 18 </Th> <Td> General Motors </Td> <Td> Automotive </Td> <Td> $166,380 </Td> <Td> 7000920000000099999 ♠ 9.2 % </Td> <Td> 225,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Detroit </Td> <Td> Mary Barra </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 19 </Th> <Td> AT&T </Td> <Td> Telecommunications </Td> <Td> $163,786 </Td> <Td> 7001116000000000000 ♠ 11.6 % </Td> <Td> 268,540 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Dallas </Td> <Td> Randall L. Stephenson </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 20 </Th> <Td> Exor </Td> <Td> Diversified financials </Td> <Td> $154,894 </Td> <Td> 7000150000000000000 ♠ 1.5 % </Td> <Td> 302,562 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Turin </Td> <Td> John Elkann </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 21 </Th> <Td> Ford Motor Company </Td> <Td> Automotive </Td> <Td> $151,800 </Td> <Td> 7000150000000000000 ♠ 1.5 % </Td> <Td> 201,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Dearborn , Michigan </Td> <Td> James Hackett </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 22 </Th> <Td> Industrial & Commercial Bank of China </Td> <Td> Financial services </Td> <Td> $147,675 </Td> <Td> 7001117000000000000 ♠ 11.7 % </Td> <Td> 461,749 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Beijing </Td> <Td> Yi Huiman </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 23 </Th> <Td> AmerisourceBergen </Td> <Td> Pharmaceuticals </Td> <Td> $146,850 </Td> <Td> 7000800000000000000 ♠ 8.0 % </Td> <Td> 18,500 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Chesterbrook , Pennsylvania </Td> <Td> Steven H. Collis </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 24 </Th> <Td> China Construction Engineering </Td> <Td> Construction </Td> <Td> $144,505 </Td> <Td> 7000310000000000000 ♠ 3.1 % </Td> <Td> 263,915 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Beijing </Td> <Td> Guan Qing </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 25 </Th> <Td> AXA </Td> <Td> Financial services </Td> <Td> $143,722 </Td> <Td> 7001112000000000000 ♠ 11.2 % </Td> <Td> 97,707 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Paris </Td> <Td> Thomas Buberl </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 26 </Th> <Td> Amazon </Td> <Td> Internet </Td> <Td> $135,987 </Td> <Td> 7001271000000000000 ♠ 27.1 % </Td> <Td> 341,400 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Seattle </Td> <Td> Jeff Bezos </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 27 </Th> <Td> Foxconn </Td> <Td> Electronics </Td> <Td> $135,129 </Td> <Td> 2999570000000000000 ♠ 4.3 % </Td> <Td> 724,772 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> New Taipei </Td> <Td> Terry Gou </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 28 </Th> <Td> China Construction Bank </Td> <Td> Financial services </Td> <Td> $135,093 </Td> <Td> 2999130000000000000 ♠ 8.7 % </Td> <Td> 362,482 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Beijing </Td> <Td> Wang Zuji </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 29 </Th> <Td> Honda </Td> <Td> Automotive </Td> <Td> $129,198 </Td> <Td> 7000620000000000000 ♠ 6.2 % </Td> <Td> 211,915 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Tokyo </Td> <Td> Takahiro Hachigo </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 30 </Th> <Td> Total </Td> <Td> Oil and gas </Td> <Td> $127,925 </Td> <Td> 2998892000000000000 ♠ 10.8 % </Td> <Td> 102,168 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Courbevoie </Td> <Td> Patrick Pouyanné </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 31 </Th> <Td> General Electric </Td> <Td> Conglomerate </Td> <Td> $126,661 </Td> <Td> 2999019999999999999 ♠ 9.8 % </Td> <Td> 295,000 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Boston </Td> <Td> John Flannery </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 32 </Th> <Td> Verizon </Td> <Td> Telecommunications </Td> <Td> $125,980 </Td> <Td> 2999570000000000000 ♠ 4.3 % </Td> <Td> 160,900 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> New York City </Td> <Td> Lowell McAdam </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 33 </Th> <Td> Japan Post </Td> <Td> Conglomerate </Td> <Td> $122,990 </Td> <Td> 7000360000000000000 ♠ 3.6 % </Td> <Td> 248,384 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Tokyo </Td> <Td> Masatsugu Nagato </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 34 </Th> <Td> Allianz </Td> <Td> Financial services </Td> <Td> $122,196 </Td> <Td> 3000400000000000000 ♠ 0.6 % </Td> <Td> 140,253 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Munich </Td> <Td> Oliver Bäte </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 35 </Th> <Td> Cardinal Health </Td> <Td> Pharmaceuticals </Td> <Td> $121,546 </Td> <Td> 7001185000000000000 ♠ 18.5 % </Td> <Td> 37,300 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Dublin , Ohio </Td> <Td> George S. Barrett </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> See also </H2> <Ul> <Li> Forbes Global 2000 </Li> <Li> Forbes 500 </Li> <Li> List of companies by employees </Li> <Li> List of corporations by market capitalization </Li> <Li> List of wealthiest organizations </Li> </Ul> <H2> Notes </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Government owns 50 % or more </Li> </Ol> <H2> References </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Will Saudi Aramco deliver world record profit for next year 's IPO ? '' . Reuters. 2017 - 07 - 08 . Retrieved 2018 - 02 - 24 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` State Grid Corporation of China '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on February 26 , 2017 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Sinopec Group '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on March 30 , 2017 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` China National Petroleum '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on January 13 , 2017 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Industrial & Commercial Bank of China '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on November 26 , 2016 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` China State Construction Engineering '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on November 29 , 2016 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` China Construction Bank '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on November 29 , 2016 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Japan Post Holdings '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on November 29 , 2016 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Walmart '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on March 2 , 2017 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Toyota Motor '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on December 29 , 2016 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Volkswagen - Germany '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on March 26 , 2017 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Royal Dutch Shell '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on March 26 , 2017 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Berkshire Hathaway '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on December 24 , 2016 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Apple '' . Fortune . Global 500 . Archived from the original on April 2 , 2017 . Retrieved April 27 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^

The world's largest company in terms of revenue is

Which is the world's largest company in terms of revenue?

-5181043200666950732

Coriolis force - wikipedia <H1> Coriolis force </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the psychophysical perception effect , see Coriolis effect ( perception ) . In the inertial frame of reference ( upper part of the picture ) , the black ball moves in a straight line . However , the observer ( brown dot ) who is standing in the rotating / non-inertial frame of reference ( lower part of the picture ) sees the object as following a curved path due to the Coriolis and centrifugal forces present in this frame . <P> In physics , the Coriolis force is an inertial force that acts on objects that are in motion relative to a rotating reference frame . In a reference frame with clockwise rotation , the force acts to the left of the motion of the object . In one with anticlockwise rotation , the force acts to the right . Deflection of an object due to the Coriolis force is called the Coriolis effect . Though recognized previously by others , the mathematical expression for the Coriolis force appeared in an 1835 paper by French scientist Gaspard - Gustave de Coriolis , in connection with the theory of water wheels . Early in the 20th century , the term Coriolis force began to be used in connection with meteorology . </P> <P> Newton 's laws of motion describe the motion of an object in an inertial ( non-accelerating ) frame of reference . When Newton 's laws are transformed to a rotating frame of reference , the Coriolis force and centrifugal force appear . Both forces are proportional to the mass of the object . The Coriolis force is proportional to the rotation rate and the centrifugal force is proportional to the square of the rotation rate . The Coriolis force acts in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis and to the velocity of the body in the rotating frame and is proportional to the object 's speed in the rotating frame ( more precisely , to the component of its velocity that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation ) . The centrifugal force acts outwards in the radial direction and is proportional to the distance of the body from the axis of the rotating frame . These additional forces are termed inertial forces , fictitious forces or pseudo forces . They allow the application of Newton 's laws to a rotating system . They are correction factors that do not exist in a non-accelerating or inertial reference frame . </P> <P> In popular ( non-technical ) usage of the term `` Coriolis effect '' , the rotating reference frame implied is almost always the Earth . Because the Earth spins , Earth - bound observers need to account for the Coriolis force to correctly analyze the motion of objects . The Earth completes one rotation per day , so for motions of everyday objects the Coriolis force is usually quite small compared to other forces ; its effects generally become noticeable only for motions occurring over large distances and long periods of time , such as large - scale movement of air in the atmosphere or water in the ocean . Such motions are constrained by the surface of the Earth , so only the horizontal component of the Coriolis force is generally important . This force causes moving objects on the surface of the Earth to be deflected to the right ( with respect to the direction of travel ) in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere . The horizontal deflection effect is greater near the poles , since the effective rotation rate about a local vertical axis is largest there , and decreases to zero at the equator . Rather than flowing directly from areas of high pressure to low pressure , as they would in a non-rotating system , winds and currents tend to flow to the right of this direction north of the equator and to the left of this direction south of it . This effect is responsible for the rotation of large cyclones ( see Coriolis effects in meteorology ) . </P> <P> For an intuitive explanation of the origin of the Coriolis force , consider an object moving northward in the northern hemisphere . Viewed from outer space , the object does not appear to go due north , but has an eastward motion ( it rotates around toward the right along with the surface of the Earth ) . The further north you go , the smaller the `` horizontal diameter '' of the Earth , and so the slower the eastward motion of its surface . As the object moves north , to higher latitudes , it has a tendency to maintain the eastward speed it started with ( rather than slowing down to match the reduced eastward speed of local objects on the Earth 's surface ) , so it veers east ( i.e. to the right of its initial motion ) . Though not obvious from this example , which considers northward motion , the horizontal deflection occurs equally for objects moving east or west ( or any other direction ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History </Li> <Li> 2 Formula </Li> <Li> 3 Causes </Li> <Li> 4 Length scales and the Rossby number </Li> <Li> 5 Simple cases <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Cannon on turntable <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1 Trajectory in the inertial frame <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1.1 Accelerations <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1.1. 1 Components of acceleration </Li> <Li> 5.1. 1.1. 2 Producing accelerations </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.2 Tossed ball on a rotating carousel </Li> <Li> 5.3 Bounced ball </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Applied to the Earth <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Intuitive explanation </Li> <Li> 6.2 Rotating sphere </Li> <Li> 6.3 Meteorology <Ul> <Li> 6.3. 1 Flow around a low - pressure area </Li> <Li> 6.3. 2 Inertial circles </Li> <Li> 6.3. 3 Other terrestrial effects </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6.4 Eötvös effect <Ul> <Li> 6.4. 1 Intuitive example </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6.5 Draining in bathtubs and toilets </Li> <Li> 6.6 Ballistic trajectories </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Visualization of the Coriolis effect </Li> <Li> 8 Coriolis effects in other areas <Ul> <Li> 8.1 Coriolis flow meter </Li> <Li> 8.2 Molecular physics </Li> <Li> 8.3 Gyroscopic precession </Li> <Li> 8.4 Insect flight </Li> <Li> 8.5 Lagrangian point stability </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 See also </Li> <Li> 10 References <Ul> <Li> 10.1 Further reading <Ul> <Li> 10.1. 1 Physics and meteorology </Li> <Li> 10.1. 2 Historical </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 11 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> Image from Cursus seu Mundus Mathematicus ( 1674 ) of C.F.M. Dechales , showing how a cannonball should deflect to the right of its target on a rotating Earth , because the rightward motion of the ball is faster than that of the tower . Image from Cursus seu Mundus Mathematicus ( 1674 ) of C.F.M. Dechales , showing how a ball should fall from a tower on a rotating Earth . The ball is released from F. The top of the tower moves faster than its base , so while the ball falls , the base of the tower moves to I , but the ball , which has the eastward speed of the tower 's top , outruns the tower 's base and lands further to the east at L . <P> Italian scientist Giovanni Battista Riccioli and his assistant Francesco Maria Grimaldi described the effect in connection with artillery in the 1651 Almagestum Novum , writing that rotation of the Earth should cause a cannonball fired to the north to deflect to the east . In 1674 Claude François Milliet Dechales described in his Cursus seu Mundus Mathematicus how the rotation of the Earth should cause a deflection in the trajectories of both falling bodies and projectiles aimed toward one of the planet 's poles . Riccioli , Grimaldi , and Dechales all described the effect as part of an argument against the heliocentric system of Copernicus . In other words , they argued that the Earth 's rotation should create the effect , and so failure to detect the effect was evidence for an immobile Earth . The Coriolis acceleration equation was derived by Euler in 1749 and the effect was described in the tidal equations of Pierre - Simon Laplace in 1778 . </P> <P> Gaspard - Gustave Coriolis published a paper in 1835 on the energy yield of machines with rotating parts , such as waterwheels . That paper considered the supplementary forces that are detected in a rotating frame of reference . Coriolis divided these supplementary forces into two categories . The second category contained a force that arises from the cross product of the angular velocity of a coordinate system and the projection of a particle 's velocity into a plane perpendicular to the system 's axis of rotation . Coriolis referred to this force as the `` compound centrifugal force '' due to its analogies with the centrifugal force already considered in category one . The effect was known in the early 20th century as the `` acceleration of Coriolis '' , and by 1920 as `` Coriolis force '' . </P> <P> In 1856 , William Ferrel proposed the existence of a circulation cell in the mid-latitudes with air being deflected by the Coriolis force to create the prevailing westerly winds . </P> <P> The understanding of the kinematics of how exactly the rotation of the Earth affects airflow was partial at first . Late in the 19th century , the full extent of the large scale interaction of pressure - gradient force and deflecting force that in the end causes air masses to move along isobars was understood . </P> <H2> Formula ( edit ) </H2> See also : Fictitious force <P> In non-vector terms : at a given rate of rotation of the observer , the magnitude of the Coriolis acceleration of the object is proportional to the velocity of the object and also to the sine of the angle between the direction of movement of the object and the axis of rotation . </P> <P> The vector formula for the magnitude and direction of the Coriolis acceleration is derived through vector analysis and is </P> <Dl> <Dd> a C = − 2 Ω × v ( \ displaystyle ( \ boldsymbol ( a ) ) _ ( C ) = - 2 \ , ( \ boldsymbol ( \ Omega \ times v ) ) ) </Dd> </Dl> <P> where ( here and below ) a C ( \ displaystyle ( \ boldsymbol ( a ) ) _ ( C ) ) is the acceleration of the particle in the rotating system , v ( \ displaystyle ( \ boldsymbol ( v ) ) \ , ) is the velocity of the particle with respect to the rotating system , and Ω is the angular velocity vector having magnitude equal to the rotation rate ω , with direction along the axis of rotation of the rotating reference frame , and the × ( \ displaystyle ( \ boldsymbol ( \ times ) ) ) symbol represents the cross product operator . </P> <P> The equation may be multiplied by the mass of the relevant object to produce the Coriolis force : </P> <Dl> <Dd> F C = − 2 m Ω × v ( \ displaystyle ( \ boldsymbol ( F ) ) _ ( C ) = - 2 \ , m \ , ( \ boldsymbol ( \ Omega \ times v ) ) ) . </Dd> </Dl> <P> See fictitious force for a derivation . </P> <P> The Coriolis effect is the behavior added by the Coriolis acceleration . The formula implies that the Coriolis acceleration is perpendicular both to the direction of the velocity of the moving mass and to the frame 's rotation axis . So in particular : </P> <Ul> <Li> if the velocity is parallel to the rotation axis , the Coriolis acceleration is

The term for circular movement around a central point is the

What is the term for circular movement around a central point?

6243386362552941358

Exocrine gland - wikipedia <H1> Exocrine gland </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Exocrine gland </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> An acinus is a round cluster of exocrine cells connected to a duct . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Details </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Latin </Th> <Td> glandula exocrina </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MeSH </Th> <Td> D005088 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TH </Th> <Td> H2. 00.02. 0.03014 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FMA </Th> <Td> 9596 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Exocrine glands are glands that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct . Examples of exocrine glands include sweat , salivary , mammary , ceruminous , lacrimal , sebaceous , and mucous . Exocrine glands are one of two types of glands in the human body , the other being endocrine glands , which secrete their products directly into the bloodstream . The liver and pancreas are both exocrine and endocrine glands ; they are exocrine glands because they secrete products -- bile and pancreatic juice -- into the gastrointestinal tract through a series of ducts , and endocrine because they secrete other substances directly into the bloodstream . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Classification <Ul> <Li> 1.1 By structure </Li> <Li> 1.2 By method of secretion </Li> <Li> 1.3 By product secreted </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Additional images </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Classification ( edit ) </H2> <H3> By structure ( edit ) </H3> <P> Exocrine glands contain a glandular portion and a duct portion , the structures of which can be used to classify the gland . </P> <Ul> <Li> The duct portion may be branched ( called compound ) or unbranched ( called simple ) . </Li> <Li> The glandular portion may be tubular or acinar , or may be a mix of the two ( called tubuloacinar ) . If the glandular portion branches , then the gland is called a branched gland . </Li> </Ul> <H3> By method of secretion ( edit ) </H3> <P> Exocrine glands are named apocrine glands , holocrine glands , or merocrine glands based on how their products are secreted . </P> <Ul> <Li> Merocrine secretion -- cells excrete their substances by exocytosis ; for example , pancreatic acinar cells . </Li> <Li> Apocrine secretion -- a portion of the cell membrane that contains the excretion buds off . </Li> <Li> Holocrine secretion -- the entire cell disintegrates to excrete its substance ; for example , sebaceous glands of the skin and nose . </Li> </Ul> <H3> By product secreted ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Serous cells secrete proteins , often enzymes . Examples include gastric chief cells and Paneth cells </Li> <Li> Mucous cells secrete mucus . Examples include Brunner 's glands , esophageal glands , and pyloric glands </Li> <Li> Mixed glands secrete both protein and mucus . Examples include the salivary glands : although the parotid gland 20 % is predominantly serous , the sublingual gland 5 % mainly mucous gland , and the submandibular gland 70 % is a mixed , mainly serous gland . </Li> <Li> Sebaceous glands secrete Sebum , a lipid product . These glands are also known as oil glands , e.g. Fordyce spots and Meibomian glands . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Additional images ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> <P> Section of the human esophagus . </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Dissection of a lactating breast . </P> </Li> </Ul> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> List of glands of the human body </Li> <Li> List of specialized glands within the human integumentary system </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Young B , Woodford P , O'Dowd G ( 2013 ) . Wheater 's Functional Histology : A Text and Colour Atlas ( 6th ed . ) . Elsevier . p. 95 . ISBN 978 - 0702047473 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Diagram at mhhe.com </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Epithelial tissue </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Cells </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Squamous </Li> <Li> Cuboidal </Li> <Li> Columnar </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Types </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Simple squamous epithelium <Ul> <Li> Endothelium </Li> <Li> Mesothelium </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Simple cuboidal epithelium </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Simple columnar epithelium </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Pseudostratified columnar epithelium <Ul> <Li> Respiratory epithelium </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Stratified squamous epithelium </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Stratified cuboidal epithelium </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Stratified columnar epithelium </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Transitional epithelium <Ul> <Li> Urothelium </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Glands </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Types </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Mechanism </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Merocrine <Ul> <Li> Eccrine </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Apocrine </Li> <Li> Holocrine <Ul> <Li> Sebaceous </Li> <Li> Meibomian </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Shape </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Tubular gland </Li> <Li> Alveolar gland </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Secretion </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Serous glands </Li> <Li> Mucous glands </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Components </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Myoepithelial cell </Li> <Li> Serous demilune </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Ducts : <Ul> <Li> Interlobar </Li> <Li> Interlobular </Li> <Li> Intralobular </Li> <Li> Striated </Li> <Li> Intercalated </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Acinus / Lobe </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exocrine_gland&oldid=836105443 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Exocrine system </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Pages with unresolved properties </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Afrikaans </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> Azərbaycanca </Li> <Li> বাংলা </Li> <Li> Bân - lâm - gú </Li> <Li> Català </Li> <Li> Čeština </Li> <Li> Deutsch </Li> <Li> Español </Li> <Li> Euskara </Li> <Li> فارسی </Li> <Li> Français </Li> <Li> Galego </Li> <Li> 한국어 </Li> <Li> हिन्दी </Li> <Li> Hrvatski </Li> <Li> Bahasa Indonesia </Li> <Li> Íslenska </Li> <Li> Italiano </Li> <Li> עברית </Li> <Li> Kapampangan </Li> <Li> Қазақша </Li> <Li> Latviešu </Li> <Li> Limburgs </Li> <Li> Magyar </Li> <Li> Nederlands </Li> <Li> 日本 語 </Li> <Li> Norsk nynorsk </Li> <Li> Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча </Li> <Li> Português </Li> <Li> Русский </Li> <Li> Shqip </Li> <Li> Simple English </Li> <Li> Slovenščina </Li> <Li> کوردی </Li> <Li> Suomi </Li> <Li> Svenska </Li> <Li> தமிழ் </Li> <Li> Türkçe </Li> <Li> Українська </Li> <Li> 粵語 </Li> <Li> 中文 </Li> 33 more </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 12 April 2018 , at 18 : 20 . </Li> <Li> Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

The secretory cells of endocrine glands secrete their products onto the

Where do the secretory cells of endocrine glands secrete their products?

7439208340888264395

The Cosby Show - wikipedia <H1> The Cosby Show </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with Cosby or The Bill Cosby Show . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> The Cosby Show </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Sitcom </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Created by </Th> <Td> Ed . Weinberger Michael Leeson Bill Cosby </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Starring </Th> <Td> Bill Cosby Phylicia Rashad Sabrina Le Beauf Geoffrey Owens Lisa Bonet Joseph C. Phillips Malcolm - Jamal Warner Tempestt Bledsoe Keshia Knight Pulliam Raven Symoné Erika Alexander </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Theme music composer </Th> <Td> Stu Gardner Bill Cosby </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Opening theme </Th> <Td> `` Kiss Me '' ; performed by : Bobby McFerrin ( season 4 ) Oregon Symphony ( season 5 ) Craig Handy ( seasons 6 -- 7 ) Lester Bowie ( season 8 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ending theme </Th> <Td> `` Kiss Me '' ( instrumental ; various versions ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original language ( s ) </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of seasons </Th> <Td> 8 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 201 ( plus outtakes special ) ( list of episodes ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Production </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Executive producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Marcy Carsey Tom Werner Bernie Kukoff ( season 7 ) Janet Leahy ( season 8 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location ( s ) </Th> <Td> Kaufman Astoria Studios Astoria , New York , U.S. </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Camera setup </Th> <Td> Videotape ; Multi-camera </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 23 -- 25 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company ( s ) </Th> <Td> Carsey - Werner Productions Bill Cosby Productions </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributor </Th> <Td> Carsey - Werner Distribution ( 1997 -- present ) ( USA ) Viacom Enterprises ( 1990 -- 1995 ) Paramount Domestic Television ( 1995 -- 2006 ) CBS Paramount Domestic Television ( 2006 -- 2007 ) CBS Television Distribution ( 2007 -- present ) ( International ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> NBC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Picture format </Th> <Td> 480i ( NTSC ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> September 20 , 1984 ( 1984 - 09 - 20 ) -- April 30 , 1992 ( 1992 - 04 - 30 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> The Bill Cosby Show </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Related shows </Th> <Td> A Different World </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Cosby Show is an American television sitcom starring Bill Cosby , which aired for eight seasons on NBC from September 20 , 1984 , until April 30 , 1992 . The show focuses on the Huxtable family , an upper middle - class African - American family living in Brooklyn , New York . </P> <P> The Cosby Show spent five consecutive seasons as the number - one rated show on television . The Cosby Show and All in the Family are the only sitcoms in the history of the Nielsen ratings to be the number - one show for five seasons . It spent all eight of its seasons in the top 20 . </P> <P> According to TV Guide , the show `` was TV 's biggest hit in the 1980s , and almost single handedly revived the sitcom genre and NBC 's ratings fortunes . '' TV Guide also ranked it 28th on their list of 50 Greatest Shows . In addition , Cliff Huxtable was named as the `` Greatest Television Dad '' . </P> <P> In May 1992 , Entertainment Weekly stated that The Cosby Show helped to make possible a larger variety of shows with a predominantly African - American cast , from In Living Color to The Fresh Prince of Bel - Air . The Cosby Show was based on comedy routines in Cosby 's stand - up act , which in turn were based on his family life . The show led to the spinoff A Different World , which ran for six seasons from 1987 to 1993 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Premise <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Episodes <Ul> <Li> 1.1. 1 Pilot </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Background and production <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Conception and development </Li> <Li> 2.2 Production notes </Li> <Li> 2.3 Theme song and opening sequence </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Cast and characters </Li> <Li> 4 Reception and Legacy <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Broadcast history and ratings </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Syndication <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Pulled from broadcasting </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Spin - off </Li> <Li> 7 Awards and honors <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Awards won </Li> <Li> 7.2 Nominations </Li> <Li> 7.3 Other honors </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Albums </Li> <Li> 9 In popular culture </Li> <Li> 10 DVD releases </Li> <Li> 11 References </Li> <Li> 12 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Premise ( edit ) </H2> <P> The show focuses on the Huxtable family , an upper middle - class African - American family , living in a brownstone in Brooklyn Heights , New York , at 10 Stigwood Avenue . The patriarch is Cliff Huxtable , an obstetrician and son of a prominent jazz trombonist . The matriarch is his wife , attorney Clair Huxtable . </P> <P> They have four daughters and one son : Sondra , Denise , Theo , Vanessa , and Rudy . Despite its comedic tone , the show sometimes involves serious subjects , like Theo 's experiences dealing with dyslexia , inspired by Cosby 's dyslexic son , Ennis . The show also deals with teen pregnancy when Denise 's friend , Veronica ( Lela Rochon ) , becomes pregnant . </P> <H3> Episodes ( edit ) </H3> Main article : List of The Cosby Show episodes <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Season </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Episodes </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Originally aired </Th> <Th colspan="3"> Nielsen ratings </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> First aired </Th> <Th> Last aired </Th> <Th> Rank </Th> <Th> Rating </Th> <Th> Tied with </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 24 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 20 , 1984 ( 1984 - 09 - 20 ) </Td> <Td> May 9 , 1985 ( 1985 - 05 - 09 ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 24.2 </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 25 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 26 , 1985 ( 1985 - 09 - 26 ) </Td> <Td> May 15 , 1986 ( 1986 - 05 - 15 ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 33.7 </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 25 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 25 , 1986 ( 1986 - 09 - 25 ) </Td> <Td> May 7 , 1987 ( 1987 - 05 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 34.9 </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 24 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 24 , 1987 ( 1987 - 09 - 24 ) </Td> <Td> April 28 , 1988 ( 1988 - 04 - 28 ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 27.8 </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 5 </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 26 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> October 6 , 1988 ( 1988 - 10 - 06 ) </Td> <Td> May 11 , 1989 ( 1989 - 05 - 11 ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 25.6 </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 6 </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 26 + Special </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 21 , 1989 ( 1989 - 09 - 21 ) </Td> <Td> May 3 , 1990 ( 1990 - 05 - 03 ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 23.1 </Td> <Td> Roseanne </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 7 </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 26 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 20 , 1990 ( 1990 - 09 - 20 ) </Td> <Td> May 2 , 1991 ( 1991 - 05 - 02 ) </Td> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> 17.1 </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 8 </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 25 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 19 , 1991 ( 1991 - 09 - 19 ) </Td> <Td> April 30 , 1992 ( 1992 - 04 - 30 ) </Td> <Td> 18 </Td> <Td> 15.0 </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> </Table> Pilot ( edit ) Main article : Pilot ( The Cosby Show ) <P> The Cosby Show pilot episode uses the same title sequence as the rest of the first season , and is widely regarded as the first episode . However , it is notable for a number of differences from the remainder of the series . </P> <P> In the pilot , the Huxtables have only four children . Following the pilot , the Huxtables have five children , with the addition of their eldest daughter , Sondra ( Sabrina Le Beauf ) , who is mentioned in episode four and appears first in episode 11 . The character was created when Bill Cosby wanted the show to express the accomplishment of successfully raising a child ( i.e. , a college graduate ) . </P> <P> Whitney Houston was considered for the role of Sondra Huxtable . Houston , however , was unable to commit to the full - time television production schedule in the NBC contract , as she was intending to be a full - time music recording artist . </P> <P> Most of the story in the pilot presentation is taken from Bill Cosby 's classic comedy film , Bill Cosby : Himself . Cosby 's character is called `` Clifford '' in the early episodes of the first season ( as evidenced by his name plate on the exterior of the Huxtable home ) . His name was later switched to `` Heathcliff . '' </P> <P> Additionally , Vanessa refers to Theo as `` Teddy '' twice in the dining room scene . The interior of the Huxtables ' home features an entirely different living room from subsequent episodes , and different color schemes in the dining room and the master bedroom . Throughout the remainder of the series , the dining room is reserved for more formal occasions . </P> <H2> Background and production ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Conception and Development ( edit ) </H3> The cast of The Cosby Show in 1989 <P> In the early 1980s , Marcy Carsey and Tom Werner , two former executives at ABC , left the network to start their own production company . At ABC , they had overseen sitcoms such as Mork & Mindy , Three 's Company , and Welcome Back , Kotter . The two decided that to get a sitcom to sell for their fledgling company , they needed a big name behind it . Bill Cosby , who starred in two failed sitcoms during the 1970s , produced award - winning stand - up comedy albums , and had roles in several different films , was relatively quiet during the early 1980s . </P> <P> Outside of his work on his cartoon series Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids , Cosby was doing little in film or television , but Carsey and Werner were fans of Cosby 's stand - up comedy and thought it would be the perfect material for a family sitcom . </P> <P> Cosby originally proposed that the couple should both have blue - collar jobs , with the father a limousine driver , who owned his own car , and the mother an electrician . With advice from his wife Camille Cosby , though , the concept was changed so that the family was well - off financially , with the mother a lawyer and the father a physician . </P> <P> Cosby wanted the program to be educational , reflecting his own background in education . He also insisted that the program be taped in New York City instead of Los Angeles , where most television programs were taped . The Huxtable home exterior was filmed

The Cosby family lived in

Where did the cosbys live in new york?

5101639460405472653

on that day . '' </P> <P> In 1743 , German Protestant Paul Ernst Jablonski argued Christmas was placed on December 25 to correspond with the Roman solar holiday Dies Natalis Solis Invicti and was therefore a `` paganization '' that debased the true church . It has been argued that , on the contrary , the Emperor Aurelian , who in 274 instituted the holiday of the Dies Natalis Solis Invicti , did so partly as an attempt to give a pagan significance to a date already important for Christians in Rome . </P> <P> Hermann Usener and others proposed that the Christians chose this day because it was the Roman feast celebrating the birthday of Sol Invictus . Modern scholar S.E. Hijmans , however , states that `` While they were aware that pagans called this day the ' birthday ' of Sol Invictus , this did not concern them and it did not play any role in their choice of date for Christmas . '' Moreover , Thomas J. Talley holds that the Roman Emperor Aurelian placed a festival of Sol Invictus on December 25 in order to compete with the growing rate of the Christian Church , which had already been celebrating Christmas on that date first . In the judgement of the Church of England Liturgical Commission , the History of Religions hypothesis has been challenged by a view based on an old tradition , according to which the date of Christmas was fixed at nine months after March 25 , the date of the vernal equinox , on which the Annunciation was celebrated . </P> <P> With regard to a December religious feast of the deified Sun ( Sol ) , as distinct from a solstice feast of the birth ( or rebirth ) of the astronomical sun , one scholar has commented that , `` while the winter solstice on or around December 25 was well established in the Roman imperial calendar , there is no evidence that a religious celebration of Sol on that day antedated the celebration of Christmas '' . `` Thomas Talley has shown that , although the Emperor Aurelian 's dedication of a temple to the sun god in the Campus Martius ( C.E. 274 ) probably took place on the ' Birthday of the Invincible Sun ' on December 25 , the cult of the sun in pagan Rome ironically did not celebrate the winter solstice nor any of the other quarter - tense days , as one might expect . '' The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought remarks on the uncertainty about the order of precedence between the religious celebrations of the Birthday of the Unconquered Sun and of the birthday of Jesus , stating that the hypothesis that December 25 was chosen for celebrating the birth of Jesus on the basis of the belief that his conception occurred on March 25 `` potentially establishes 25 December as a Christian festival before Aurelian 's decree , which , when promulgated , might have provided for the Christian feast both opportunity and challenge '' . </P> <H3> Introduction of feast </H3> <P> As Christmas was unknown to the early Christian writers , it must have been introduced sometime after 300 . Irenaeus and Tertullian omit it from their lists of feasts . In 245 , Origen of Alexandria , writing about Leviticus 12 : 1 -- 8 , commented that Scripture mentions only sinners as celebrating their birthdays , namely Pharaoh , who then had his chief baker hanged ( Genesis 40 : 20 -- 22 ) , and Herod , who then had John the Baptist beheaded ( Mark 6 : 21 -- 27 ) , and mentions saints as cursing the day of their birth , namely Jeremiah ( Jeremiah 20 : 14 -- 15 ) and Job ( Job 3 : 1 -- 16 ) . In 303 , Arnobius still ridiculed the idea of celebrating the birthdays of gods , a passage cited as evidence that Arnobius was unaware of any nativity celebration . But since Christmas does not celebrate Christ 's birth `` as God '' but `` as man '' , this does not necessarily show that Christmas was not a feast at this time . </P> <P> The earliest known Christmas celebration is recorded in a fourth - century manuscript compiled in Rome . This manuscript is thought to record a celebration that occurred in 336 . It was prepared privately for Furius Dionysius Filocalus , a Roman aristocrat , in 354 . The reference in question states , `` VIII kal . ian . natus Christus in Betleem Iudeæ '' translated as `` 8 Kalends January Birth of Christ in Bethlehem , Judea . '' This reference is in a section of the manuscript that was copied from earlier source material . The document also contains the earliest known reference to the feast of Sol Invictus . The fact the Donatists of North Africa celebrated Christmas suggests that the feast was established by the time that church was created in 311 . </P> <P> In Eastern Christianity the birth of Jesus was celebrated in connection with the Epiphany on January 6 , which however emphasized celebration of the baptism of Jesus . Christmas was promoted in the Christian East as part of the revival of Nicene Christianity following the death of the pro-Arian Emperor Valens at the Battle of Adrianople in 378 . The feast was introduced at Constantinople in 379 , in Antioch by John Chrysostom towards the end of the fourth century , probably in 388 , and in Alexandria only in the following century . The feast disappeared after Gregory of Nazianzus resigned as bishop in 381 , although it was reintroduced by John Chrysostom in about 400 . Even in the West , January 6 celebration of the nativity of Jesus seems to have continued until after 380 . </P> <H3> Relation to concurrent celebrations </H3> <P> Many popular customs associated with Christmas developed independently of the commemoration of Jesus ' birth , with certain elements having origins in pre-Christian festivals that were celebrated around the winter solstice by pagan populations who were later converted to Christianity . These elements , including the Yule log from Yule and gift giving from Saturnalia , became syncretized into Christmas over the centuries . The prevailing atmosphere of Christmas has also continually evolved since the holiday 's inception , ranging from a sometimes raucous , drunken , carnival - like state in the Middle Ages , to a tamer family - oriented and children - centered theme introduced in a 19th - century transformation . In fact , the celebration of Christmas was banned on more than one occasion within certain Protestant groups , such as the Puritans , due to concerns that it was too pagan or unbiblical . Jehovah 's Witnesses also reject the celebration of Christmas . </P> Mosaic of Jesus as Christus Sol ( Christ the Sun ) in Mausoleum M in the pre-fourth - century necropolis under St Peter 's Basilica in Rome . <P> Prior to and through the early Christian centuries , winter festivals -- especially those centered on the winter solstice -- were the most popular of the year in many European pagan cultures . Reasons included the fact that less agricultural work needed to be done during the winter , as well as an expectation of better weather as spring approached . Many modern Christmas customs have been directly influenced by such festivals , including : </P> <Ul> <Li> Gift - giving and merrymaking from the Roman Saturnalia , </Li> <Li> Greenery , lights , and charity from the Roman New Year , and </Li> <Li> Yule logs and various foods from Germanic feasts . </Li> </Ul> <P> The Egyptian deity Horus , son to goddess Isis , was celebrated at the winter solstice . Horus was often depicted being fed by his mother , which also influenced the symbolism of the Virgin Mary with baby Christ . </P> <P> The pre-Christian Germanic peoples -- including the Anglo - Saxons and the Norse -- celebrated a winter festival called Yule , held in the late December to early January period , yielding modern English yule , today used as a synonym for Christmas . In Germanic language - speaking areas , numerous elements of modern Christmas folk custom and iconography stem from Yule , including the Yule log , Yule boar , and the Yule goat . Often leading a ghostly procession through the sky ( the Wild Hunt ) , the long - bearded god Odin is referred to as `` the Yule one '' and `` Yule father '' in Old Norse texts , while other gods are referred to as `` Yule beings '' . </P> <P> In eastern Europe also , old pagan traditions were incorporated into Christmas celebrations , an example being the Koleda , which was incorporated into the Christmas carol . </P> <H3> Middle Ages </H3> The Nativity , from a 14th - century Missal ; a liturgical book containing texts and music necessary for the celebration of Mass throughout the year <P> In the Early Middle Ages , Christmas Day was overshadowed by Epiphany , which in western Christianity focused on the visit of the magi . But the medieval calendar was dominated by Christmas - related holidays . The forty days before Christmas became the `` forty days of St. Martin '' ( which began on November 11 , the feast of St. Martin of Tours ) , now known as Advent . In Italy , former Saturnalian traditions were attached to Advent . Around the 12th century , these traditions transferred again to the Twelve Days of Christmas ( December 25 -- January 5 ) ; a time that appears in the liturgical calendars as Christmastide or Twelve Holy Days . </P> <P> The prominence of Christmas Day increased gradually after Charlemagne was crowned Emperor on Christmas Day in 800 . King Edmund the Martyr was anointed on Christmas in 855 and King William I of England was crowned on Christmas Day 1066 . </P> The coronation of Charlemagne on Christmas of 800 helped promote the popularity of the holiday <P> By the High Middle Ages , the holiday had become so prominent that chroniclers routinely noted where various magnates celebrated Christmas . King Richard II of England hosted a Christmas feast in 1377 at which twenty - eight oxen and three hundred sheep were eaten . The Yule boar was a common feature of medieval Christmas feasts . Caroling also became popular , and was originally a group of dancers who sang . The group was composed of a lead singer and a ring of dancers that provided the chorus . Various writers of the time condemned caroling as lewd , indicating that the unruly traditions of Saturnalia and Yule may have continued in this form . `` Misrule '' -- drunkenness , promiscuity , gambling -- was also an important aspect of the festival . In England , gifts were exchanged on New Year 's Day , and there was special Christmas ale . </P> <P> Christmas during the Middle Ages was a public festival that incorporated ivy , holly , and other evergreens . Christmas gift - giving during the Middle Ages was usually between people with legal relationships , such as tenant and landlord . The annual indulgence in eating , dancing , singing , sporting , and card playing escalated in England , and by the 17th century the Christmas season featured lavish dinners , elaborate masques , and pageants . In 1607 , King James I insisted that a play be acted on Christmas night and that the court indulge in games . It was during the Reformation in 16th -- 17th - century Europe that many Protestants changed the gift bringer to the Christ Child or Christkindl , and the date of giving gifts changed from December 6 to Christmas Eve . </P> <H3> Reformation to the 18th century </H3> Public notice in Boston issued by the Puritans deeming Christmas illegal and sacrilegious <P> Following the Protestant Reformation , many

Christmas, though a Christian holiday, originated from

Christmas though a christian holiday began as a celebration of?

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Beer hall putsch - wikipedia <H1> Beer hall putsch </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Beer Hall Putsch </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> The Marienplatz in Munich during the Beer Hall Putsch </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Date </Th> <Td> 8 -- 9 November 1923 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> Munich , Bavaria , Germany 48 ° 07 ′ 49 '' N 11 ° 35 ′ 31 '' E  /  48.1304 ° N 11.592 ° E  / 48.1304 ; 11.592 Coordinates : 48 ° 07 ′ 49 '' N 11 ° 35 ′ 31 '' E  /  48.1304 ° N 11.592 ° E  / 48.1304 ; 11.592 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Action </Th> <Td> Hitler and his associates planned to seize Munich and later to use Munich as a base for a march against Germany 's Weimar Republic government </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Result </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Reichswehr victory . </Li> <Li> Putsch failure , arrest of NSDAP leadership . </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Insurgents v. Government </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <P> Nazi Party </P> <Ul> <Li> Sturmabteilung </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> <P> Weimar Republic </P> <Ul> <Li> Bavaria Free State </Li> <Li> Reichswehr </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Commanders and leaders </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Adolf Hitler ( WIA ) </Li> <Li> Erich Ludendorff </Li> <Li> Ernst Röhm </Li> <Li> Rudolf Hess </Li> <Li> Scheubner - Richter † </Li> <Li> Hermann Göring ( WIA ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Gustav von Kahr </Li> <Li> Eugen von Knilling </Li> <Li> Hans von Seisser </Li> <Li> Otto von Lossow </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Military support </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2,000 + </Td> <Td> 130 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Casualties and losses </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 killed About a dozen injured Many captured and imprisoned </Td> <Td> 4 killed Several wounded </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Beer Hall Putsch , also known as the Munich Putsch , and , in German , as the Hitlerputsch , Hitler - Ludendorff - Putsch , Bürgerbräu - Putsch or mostly Marsch auf die Feldherrnhalle , was a failed coup attempt by the Nazi Party ( NSDAP ) leader Adolf Hitler -- along with Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders -- to seize power in Munich , Bavaria , during 8 -- 9 November 1923 . About two thousand Nazis marched to the centre of Munich , where they confronted the police , which resulted in the death of 16 Nazis and four police officers . Hitler was not wounded during the clash , although he locked his left arm with the right arm of Max Erwin von Scheubner - Richter who , when he was shot and killed , pulled Hitler to the pavement with him . Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside . After two days , Hitler was arrested and charged with treason . </P> <P> From Hitler 's perspective , there were three positive benefits from this attempt to seize power unlawfully . First , the putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation and generated front page headlines in newspapers around the world . His arrest was followed by a 24 - day trial , which was widely publicized and gave Hitler a platform to publicize his nationalist sentiment to the nation . Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison . The second benefit to Hitler was that he used his time in prison to produce Mein Kampf , which was dictated to his fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess . On 20 December 1924 , having served only nine months , Hitler was released . The final benefit to Hitler was the insight that the path to power was through legitimate means rather than revolution or force . Accordingly , the most significant outcome of the putsch was a decision by Hitler to change NSDAP tactics , which would demand an increasing reliance on the development and furthering of Nazi propaganda . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 The Putsch <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Counterattack </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Trial and prison </Li> <Li> 4 Fatalities <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Bavarian police </Li> <Li> 4.2 National Socialists </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Martyrdom </Li> <Li> 6 Supporters of the Putsch <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Key supporters </Li> <Li> 6.2 Other notable supporters </Li> <Li> 6.3 At the front of the march </Li> <Li> 6.4 Chief defendants in the `` Ludendorff -- Hitler '' trial </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 Notes </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 Bibliography </Li> <Li> 11 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <P> In the early 20th century , many of the larger cities of southern Germany had beer halls where hundreds or even thousands of people would socialize in the evenings , drink beer and participate in political and social debates . Such beer halls also became the host of occasional political rallies . One of Munich 's largest beer halls was the `` Bürgerbräukeller '' . This was the location of the famous Beer Hall Putsch . </P> <P> The Treaty of Versailles , which ended World War I , sounded the death knell of German power and prestige . Like many Germans of the period , Hitler believed that the treaty was a betrayal , with the country having been `` stabbed in the back '' by its own government , particularly as the German Army was popularly thought to have been undefeated in the field . Germany , it was felt , had been betrayed by civilian leaders and Marxists , who were later called the `` November Criminals '' . </P> <P> Hitler remained in the army , in Munich , after World War I. He participated in various `` national thinking '' courses . These had been organized by the Education and Propaganda Department of the Bavarian Army , under Captain Karl Mayr , of which Hitler became an agent . Captain Mayr ordered Hitler , then an army lance corporal , to infiltrate the tiny Deutsche Arbeiterpartei , abbreviated DAP ( German Workers ' Party ) . Hitler joined the DAP on 12 September 1919 . He soon realized that he was in agreement with many of the underlying tenets of the DAP , and he rose to its top post in the ensuing chaotic political atmosphere of postwar Munich . By agreement , Hitler assumed the political leadership of a number of Bavarian `` patriotic associations '' ( revanchist ) , called the Kampfbund . This political base extended to include about 15,000 Sturmabteilung ( SA , lit . `` Storm Detachment '' ) , the paramilitary wing of the NSDAP . </P> <P> On 26 September 1923 , following a period of turmoil and political violence , Bavarian Prime Minister Eugen von Knilling declared a state of emergency , and Gustav von Kahr was appointed Staatskomissar , or state commissioner , with dictatorial powers to govern the state . In addition to von Kahr , Bavarian state police chief Colonel Hans Ritter von Seisser and Reichswehr General Otto von Lossow formed a ruling triumvirate . Hitler announced that he would hold 14 mass meetings beginning on 27 September 1923 . Afraid of the potential disruption , one of Kahr 's first actions was to ban the announced meetings . Hitler was under pressure to act . The Nazis , with other leaders in the Kampfbund , felt they had to march upon Berlin and seize power or their followers would turn to the Communists . Hitler enlisted the help of World War I general Erich Ludendorff in an attempt to gain the support of Kahr and his triumvirate . However , Kahr had his own plan with Seisser and Lossow to install a nationalist dictatorship without Hitler . November 1923 was the height of hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic . </P> <H2> The putsch ( edit ) </H2> <P> The attempted putsch was inspired by Benito Mussolini 's successful March on Rome , from 22 to 29 October 1922 . Hitler and his associates planned to use Munich as a base for a march against Germany 's Weimar Republic government . But the circumstances were different from those in Italy . Hitler came to the realization that Kahr sought to control him and was not ready to act against the government in Berlin . Hitler wanted to seize a critical moment for successful popular agitation and support . He decided to take matters into his own hands . Hitler , along with a large detachment of SA , marched on the Bürgerbräukeller , where Kahr was making a speech in front of 3,000 people . </P> <P> In the cold , dark evening , 603 SA surrounded the beer hall and a machine gun was set up in the auditorium . Hitler , surrounded by his associates Hermann Göring , Alfred Rosenberg , Rudolf Hess , Ernst Hanfstaengl , Ulrich Graf , Johann Aigner , Adolf Lenk , Max Amann , Max Erwin von Scheubner - Richter , Wilhelm Adam , and others ( some 20 in all ) , advanced through the crowded auditorium . Unable to be heard above the crowd , Hitler fired a shot into the ceiling and jumped on a chair yelling : `` The national revolution has broken out ! The hall is filled with six hundred men . Nobody is allowed to leave . '' He went on to state the Bavarian government was deposed and declared the formation of a new government with Ludendorff . </P> <P> Hitler , accompanied by Hess , Lenk and Graf , ordered the triumvirate of Kahr , Seisser , and Lossow into an adjoining room at gunpoint and demanded they support the putsch . Hitler demanded they accept government positions he assigned them . Hitler had promised Lossow a few days earlier that he would not attempt a coup , but now thought that he would get an immediate response of affirmation from them , imploring Kahr to accept the position of Regent of Bavaria . Kahr replied that he could not be expected to collaborate , especially as he had been taken out of the auditorium under heavy guard . </P> <P> Heinz Pernet , Johann Aigne and Scheubner - Richter were dispatched to pick up Ludendorff , whose personal prestige was being harnessed to give the Nazis credibility . A telephone call was made from the kitchen by Hermann Kriebel to Ernst Röhm , who was waiting with his Bund Reichskriegsflagge in the Löwenbräukeller , another beer hall , and he was ordered to seize key buildings throughout the city . At the same time , co-conspirators under Gerhard Rossbach mobilized the students of a nearby Officers Infantry school to seize other objectives . </P> <P> Hitler became irritated by Kahr and summoned Ernst Pöhner , Friedrich Weber and Hermann Kriebel to stand in for him while he returned to the auditorium flanked by Rudolf Hess and Adolf Lenk . He followed up on Göring 's speech and stated that the action was not directed at the police and Reichswehr , but against `` ... the Berlin Jew government and the November criminals of 1918 '' . Dr. Karl Alexander von Mueller , a professor of modern history and political science at the University of Munich and a supporter of Kahr , was an eyewitness . He reported : </P> <P> I can not remember in my entire life such a change in the attitude of a crowd in a few minutes , almost a few seconds ... Hitler had turned them inside out , as one turns a glove inside out , with a few sentences . It had almost something of hocus - pocus , or magic about it . </P> <P> Hitler ended his speech with : `` Outside are Kahr , Lossow and Seisser . They are struggling hard to

The Beer Hall Putsch took place in

Where did the beer hall putsch take place?

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Ides of March - wikipedia <H1> Ides of March </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the day in the Roman calendar . For events that occurred on 15 March , see 15 March . For the 2011 film directed by George Clooney , see The Ides of March ( film ) . For other uses , see Ides of March ( disambiguation ) . The Death of Caesar ( 1798 ) by Vincenzo Camuccini <P> The Ides of March ( Latin : Idus Martiae , Late Latin : Idus Martii ) is a day on the Roman calendar that corresponds to 15 March . It was marked by several religious observances and was notable for the Romans as a deadline for settling debts . In 44 BC , it became notorious as the date of the assassination of Julius Caesar which made the Ides of March a turning point in Roman history . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Ides <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Religious observances </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Assassination of Caesar </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Ides ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Romans did not number days of a month from the first to the last day . Instead , they counted back from three fixed points of the month : the Nones ( 5th or 7th , depending on the length of the month ) , the Ides ( 13th or 15th ) , and the Kalends ( 1st of the following month ) . The Ides occurred near the midpoint , on the 13th for most months , but on the 15th for March , May , July , and October . The Ides were supposed to be determined by the full moon , reflecting the lunar origin of the Roman calendar . On the earliest calendar , the Ides of March would have been the first full moon of the new year . </P> <H3> Religious observances ( edit ) </H3> Panel thought to depict the Mamuralia , from a mosaic of the months in which March is positioned at the beginning of the year ( first half of the 3rd century AD , from El Djem , Tunisia , in Roman Africa ) <P> The Ides of each month were sacred to Jupiter , the Romans ' supreme deity . The Flamen Dialis , Jupiter 's high priest , led the `` Ides sheep '' ( ovis Idulius ) in procession along the Via Sacra to the arx , where it was sacrificed . </P> <P> In addition to the monthly sacrifice , the Ides of March was also the occasion of the Feast of Anna Perenna , a goddess of the year ( Latin annus ) whose festival originally concluded the ceremonies of the new year . The day was enthusiastically celebrated among the common people with picnics , drinking , and revelry . One source from late antiquity also places the Mamuralia on the Ides of March . This observance , which has aspects of scapegoat or ancient Greek pharmakos ritual , involved beating an old man dressed in animal skins and perhaps driving him from the city . The ritual may have been a new year festival representing the expulsion of the old year . </P> <P> In the later Imperial period , the Ides began a `` holy week '' of festivals celebrating Cybele and Attis , being the day Canna intrat ( `` The Reed enters '' ) , when Attis was born and found among the reeds of a Phrygian river . He was discovered by shepherds or the goddess Cybele , who was also known as the Magna Mater ( `` Great Mother '' ) ( narratives differ ) . A week later , on 22 March , the solemn commemmoration of Arbor intrat ( `` The Tree enters '' ) commemorated the death of Attis under a pine tree . A college of priests , the dendrophoroi ( `` tree bearers '' ) annually cut down a tree , hung from it an image of Attis , and carried it to the temple of the Magna Mater with lamentations . The day was formalized as part of the official Roman calendar under Claudius ( d . 54 AD ) . A three - day period of mourning followed , culminating with celebrating the rebirth of Attis on 25 March , the date of the vernal equinox on the Julian calendar . </P> <H2> Assassination of Caesar ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Assassination of Julius Caesar Reverse side of a coin issued by Caesar 's assassin Brutus in the autumn of 42 BC , with the abbreviation EID MAR ( Eidibus Martiis -- on the Ides of March ) under a `` cap of freedom '' between two daggers <P> In modern times , the Ides of March is best known as the date on which Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC . Caesar was stabbed to death at a meeting of the Senate . As many as 60 conspirators , led by Brutus and Cassius , were involved . According to Plutarch , a seer had warned that harm would come to Caesar no later than the Ides of March . On his way to the Theatre of Pompey , where he would be assassinated , Caesar passed the seer and joked , `` The Ides of March are come '' , implying that the prophecy had not been fulfilled , to which the seer replied `` Aye , Caesar ; but not gone . '' This meeting is famously dramatised in William Shakespeare 's play Julius Caesar , when Caesar is warned by the soothsayer to `` beware the Ides of March . '' The Roman biographer Suetonius identifies the `` seer '' as a haruspex named Spurinna . </P> <P> Caesar 's death was a closing event in the crisis of the Roman Republic , and triggered the civil war that would result in the rise to sole power of his adopted heir Octavian ( later known as Augustus ) . Writing under Augustus , Ovid portrays the murder as a sacrilege , since Caesar was also the Pontifex Maximus of Rome and a priest of Vesta . On the fourth anniversary of Caesar 's death in 40 BC , after achieving a victory at the siege of Perugia , Octavian executed 300 senators and knights who had fought against him under Lucius Antonius , the brother of Mark Antony . The executions were one of a series of actions taken by Octavian to avenge Caesar 's death . Suetonius and the historian Cassius Dio characterised the slaughter as a religious sacrifice , noting that it occurred on the Ides of March at the new altar to the deified Julius . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Julius Caesar , a play by William Shakespeare </Li> <Li> The Ides of March , a novel by Thornton Wilder </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Anscombe , Alfred ( 1908 ) . The Anglo - Saxon Computation of Historic Time in the Ninth Century ( PDF ) . British Numismatic Society . p. 396 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Ides of March : What Is It ? Why Do We Still Observe It ? '' . 15 March 2011 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Scullard , H.H. ( 1981 ) . Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic . Cornell University Press . pp. 42 -- 43 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Scullard , H.H. Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic . p. 43 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Scullard , H.H. Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic . p. 90 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Lydus , John ( 6th century ) . De mensibus 4.36 . Other sources place it on 14 March . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Salzman , Michele Renee ( 1990 ) . On Roman Time : The Codex - Calendar of 354 and the Rhythms of Urban Life in Late Antiquity . University of California Press . pp. 124 & 128 -- 129 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Fowler , William Warde ( 1908 ) . The Roman Festivals of the Period of the Republic . London . pp. 44 -- 50 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Lancellotti , Maria Grazia ( 2002 ) . Attis , Between Myth and History : King , Priest , and God . Brill . p. 81 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Lançon , Bertrand ( 2001 ) . Rome in Late Antiquity . Routledge . p. 91 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Borgeaud , Philippe ( 2004 ) . Mother of the Gods : From Cybele to the Virgin Mary & Hochroth , Lysa ( Translator ) . Johns Hopkins University Press . pp. 51 , 90 , 123 , 164 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Gary Forsythe , Time in Roman Religion : One Thousand Years of Religious History ( Routledge , 2012 ) , p. 88 ; Lancellotti , Attis , Between Myth and History , p. 81 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Michele Renee Salzman , On Roman Time : The Codex Calendar of 354 and the Rhythms of Urban Life in Late Antiquity ( University of California Press , 1990 ) , p. 166 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Jaime Alvar , Romanising Oriental Gods : Myth , Salvation and Ethics in the Cults of Cybele , Isis and Mithras , translated by Richard Gordon ( Brill , 2008 ) , pp. 288 -- 289 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Firmicus Maternus , De errore profanarum religionum , 27.1 ; Rabun Taylor , `` Roman Oscilla : An Assessment '' , RES : Anthropology and Aesthetics 48 ( Autumn 2005 ) , p. 97 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Lydus , De Mensibus 4.59 ; Suetonius , Otho 8.3 ; Forsythe , Time in Roman Religion , p. 88 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Forsythe , Time in Roman Religion , p. 88 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Macrobius , Saturnalia 1.21. 10 ; Forsythe , Time in Roman Religion , p. 88 ; Salzman , On Roman Time , p. 168 ... </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Plutarch , Parallel Lives , Caesar 63 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` William Shakespeare , Julius Caesar , Act 1 , Scene II '' . The Literature Network . Jalic , Inc. 2010 . Retrieved 15 March 2010 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` William Shakespeare , Julius Caesar , Act 3 , Scene I '' . The Literature Network . Jalic , Inc. 2010 . Retrieved 15 March 2010 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Suetonius , Divus Julius 81 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Forum in Rome , '' Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome , p. 215 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Ovid , Fasti 3.697 -- 710 ; A.M. Keith , entry on `` Ovid , '' Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome , p. 128 ; Geraldine Herbert - Brown , Ovid and the Fasti : An Historical Study ( Oxford : Clarendon Press , 1994 ) , p. 70 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Melissa Barden Dowling , Clemency and Cruelty in the Roman World ( University of Michigan Press , 2006 ) , pp. 50 -- 51 ; Arthur Keaveney , The Army in the Roman Revolution ( Routledge , 2007 ) , p. 15 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Suetonius , Life of Augustus 15 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Cassius Dio 48.14. 2 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Plutarch , The Parallel Lives , The Life of Julius Caesar </Li> <Li> Nicolaus of Damascus , Life of Augustus ( translated by Clayton M. Hall ) </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="3"> (

The warning "Beware of the Ides of March" was given by

Who said beware of the ides of march?

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Mean center of the United States population - wikipedia <H1> Mean center of the United States population </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Map showing changes to the mean center of population for the United States , 1790 -- 2010 ( US Census Bureau ) The center of the US population , 13th census , near Bloomington , Indiana The center of the US population , 13th census ( 1910 ) , near Bloomington , Indiana <Table> <Tr> <Td> Map all coordinates using : OpenStreetMap Google Maps </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Download coordinates as : KML GPX </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The mean center of the United States population is determined by the United States Census Bureau from the results of each national census . The Bureau defines it as follows : </P> <P> The concept of the center of population as used by the U.S. Census Bureau is that of a balance point . The center of population is the point at which an imaginary , weightless , rigid , and flat ( no elevation effects ) surface representation of the 50 states ( or 48 conterminous states for calculations made prior to 1960 ) and the District of Columbia would balance if weights of identical size were placed on it so that each weight represented the location on one person . More specifically , this calculation is called the mean center of population . </P> <P> After moving roughly 600 mi ( 966 km ) west by south during the 19th century , the shift in the mean center of population during the 20th century was less pronounced , moving 324 mi ( 521 km ) west and 101 mi ( 163 km ) south . Nearly 79 % of the overall southerly movement happened between 1950 and 2000 . </P> <H2> Location information since 1790 ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> US Census </Th> <Th> County </Th> <Th> Location description </Th> <Th> Decimal coordinates </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1790 </Td> <Td> Kent County , Maryland </Td> <Td> 23 miles east of Baltimore </Td> <Td> 39 ° 16 ′ 30 '' N 76 ° 11 ′ 12 '' W  /  39.27500 ° N 76.18667 ° W  / 39.27500 ; - 76.18667 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1800 </Td> <Td> Howard County , Maryland </Td> <Td> 18 miles west of Baltimore </Td> <Td> 39 ° 16 ′ 06 '' N 76 ° 56 ′ 30 '' W  /  39.26833 ° N 76.94167 ° W  / 39.26833 ; - 76.94167 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1810 </Td> <Td> Loudoun County , Virginia </Td> <Td> 40 miles northwest by west of Washington , D.C. </Td> <Td> 39 ° 11 ′ 30 '' N 77 ° 37 ′ 12 '' W  /  39.19167 ° N 77.62000 ° W  / 39.19167 ; - 77.62000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1820 </Td> <Td> Hardy County , West Virginia </Td> <Td> 16 miles east of Moorefield </Td> <Td> 39 ° 05 ′ 42 '' N 78 ° 33 ′ 00 '' W  /  39.09500 ° N 78.55000 ° W  / 39.09500 ; - 78.55000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1830 </Td> <Td> Grant County , West Virginia </Td> <Td> 19 miles west - southwest of Moorefield </Td> <Td> 38 ° 57 ′ 54 '' N 79 ° 16 ′ 54 '' W  /  38.96500 ° N 79.28167 ° W  / 38.96500 ; - 79.28167 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1840 </Td> <Td> Upshur County , West Virginia </Td> <Td> 16 miles south of Clarksburg </Td> <Td> 39 ° 02 ′ 00 '' N 80 ° 18 ′ 00 '' W  /  39.03333 ° N 80.30000 ° W  / 39.03333 ; - 80.30000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1850 </Td> <Td> Wirt County , West Virginia </Td> <Td> 23 miles southeast of Parkersburg </Td> <Td> 38 ° 59 ′ 00 '' N 81 ° 19 ′ 00 '' W  /  38.98333 ° N 81.31667 ° W  / 38.98333 ; - 81.31667 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1860 </Td> <Td> Pike County , Ohio </Td> <Td> 20 miles south by east of Chillicothe </Td> <Td> 39 ° 00 ′ 24 '' N 82 ° 48 ′ 48 '' W  /  39.00667 ° N 82.81333 ° W  / 39.00667 ; - 82.81333 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1870 </Td> <Td> Highland County , Ohio </Td> <Td> 48 miles east by north of Cincinnati </Td> <Td> 39 ° 12 ′ 00 '' N 83 ° 35 ′ 42 '' W  /  39.20000 ° N 83.59500 ° W  / 39.20000 ; - 83.59500 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1880 </Td> <Td> Boone County , Kentucky </Td> <Td> 8 miles west by south of Cincinnati </Td> <Td> 39 ° 04 ′ 08 '' N 84 ° 39 ′ 40 '' W  /  39.06889 ° N 84.66111 ° W  / 39.06889 ; - 84.66111 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1890 </Td> <Td> Decatur County , Indiana </Td> <Td> 20 miles east of Columbus </Td> <Td> 39 ° 11 ′ 56 '' N 85 ° 32 ′ 53 '' W  /  39.19889 ° N 85.54806 ° W  / 39.19889 ; - 85.54806 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1900 </Td> <Td> Bartholomew County , Indiana </Td> <Td> 6 miles southeast of Columbus </Td> <Td> 39 ° 09 ′ 36 '' N 85 ° 48 ′ 54 '' W  /  39.16000 ° N 85.81500 ° W  / 39.16000 ; - 85.81500 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1910 </Td> <Td> Monroe County , Indiana </Td> <Td> in the city of Bloomington </Td> <Td> 39 ° 10 ′ 12 '' N 86 ° 32 ′ 20 '' W  /  39.17000 ° N 86.53889 ° W  / 39.17000 ; - 86.53889 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1920 </Td> <Td> Owen County , Indiana </Td> <Td> 8 miles south - southeast of Spencer </Td> <Td> 39 ° 10 ′ 21 '' N 86 ° 43 ′ 15 '' W  /  39.17250 ° N 86.72083 ° W  / 39.17250 ; - 86.72083 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1930 </Td> <Td> Greene County , Indiana </Td> <Td> 3 miles northeast of Linton </Td> <Td> 39 ° 03 ′ 45 '' N 87 ° 08 ′ 06 '' W  /  39.06250 ° N 87.13500 ° W  / 39.06250 ; - 87.13500 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1940 </Td> <Td> Sullivan County , Indiana </Td> <Td> 2 miles southeast by east of Carlisle </Td> <Td> 38 ° 56 ′ 54 '' N 87 ° 22 ′ 35 '' W  /  38.94833 ° N 87.37639 ° W  / 38.94833 ; - 87.37639 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1950 </Td> <Td> Richland County , Illinois Clay County , Illinois </Td> <Td> 8 miles north - northwest of Olney 3 miles northeast of Louisville </Td> <Td> 38 ° 50 ′ 21 '' N 88 ° 09 ′ 33 '' W  /  38.83917 ° N 88.15917 ° W  / 38.83917 ; - 88.15917 38 ° 48 ′ 15 '' N 88 ° 22 ′ 08 '' W  /  38.80417 ° N 88.36889 ° W  / 38.80417 ; - 88.36889 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1960 </Td> <Td> Clinton County , Illinois </Td> <Td> 6.5 miles northwest of Centralia </Td> <Td> 38 ° 35 ′ 58 '' N 89 ° 12 ′ 35 '' W  /  38.59944 ° N 89.20972 ° W  / 38.59944 ; - 89.20972 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1970 </Td> <Td> St. Clair County , Illinois </Td> <Td> 5 miles east - southeast of Mascoutah </Td> <Td> 38 ° 27 ′ 47 '' N 89 ° 42 ′ 22 '' W  /  38.46306 ° N 89.70611 ° W  / 38.46306 ; - 89.70611 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1980 </Td> <Td> Jefferson County , Missouri </Td> <Td> 0.3 mile west of DeSoto </Td> <Td> 38 ° 08 ′ 13 '' N 90 ° 34 ′ 26 '' W  /  38.13694 ° N 90.57389 ° W  / 38.13694 ; - 90.57389 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Crawford County , Missouri </Td> <Td> 9.7 miles southeast of Steelville </Td> <Td> 37 ° 52 ′ 20 '' N 91 ° 12 ′ 55 '' W  /  37.87222 ° N 91.21528 ° W  / 37.87222 ; - 91.21528 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2000 </Td> <Td> Phelps County , Missouri </Td> <Td> 2.8 miles east of Edgar Springs </Td> <Td> 37 ° 41 ′ 49 '' N 91 ° 48 ′ 34 '' W  /  37.696987 ° N 91.809567 ° W  / 37.696987 ; - 91.809567 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Texas County , Missouri </Td> <Td> 2.7 miles northeast of Plato </Td> <Td> 37 ° 31 ′ 03 '' N 92 ° 10 ′ 23 '' W  /  37.517534 ° N 92.173096 ° W  / 37.517534 ; - 92.173096 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2017 ( estimated ) </Td> <Td> Wright County , Missouri </Td> <Td> 11.3 miles southwest of Plato </Td> <Td> 37 ° 24 ′ 42 '' N 92 ° 23 ′ 40 '' W  /  37.411764 ° N 92.394544 ° W  / 37.411764 ; - 92.394544 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2020 ( projected ) </Td> <Td> Wright County , Missouri </Td> <Td> 8.5 miles north - northeast of Hartville </Td> <Td> 37 ° 22 ′ 18 '' N 92 ° 28 ′ 43 '' W  /  37.371644 ° N 92.478542 ° W  / 37.371644 ; - 92.478542 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ In the first census ( 1790 ) , the mean population center was about 7.4 miles northwest by west of Chestertown , Maryland . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : The mean population centers of 1820 , 1830 , 1840 and 1850 were in Virginia at the time of their censuses , before West Virginia 's split from Virginia in 1863 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Computation method used until 1950 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Current computation method . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ The addition of Alaska and Hawaii to the union in 1959 contributed to moving the mean center of population about 2 miles ( 3.2 km ) farther south and about 10 miles ( 16 km ) farther west in the 1960 census . </Li> </Ol> <P> The 19.6 - mile ( 31.5 km ) shift projected for the 2010 -- 2020 period would be the shortest centroid movement since the Great Depression intercensal period of 1930 -- 1940 . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Center of population </Li> <Li> Median center of United States population </Li> <Li> Geographic center of the United States </Li> <Li> Geographic center of the contiguous United States </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Mean Center of Population for the United States : 1790 to 2010 from the U.S. Census Bureau website . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Centers of population computation , a U.S. Census Bureau publication , issued March 2011 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : 2000 U.S. Population Centered in Phelps County , Mo. , a U.S. Census Bureau press release . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Centers of Population for the 2010 Census , U.S. Census Bureau . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Alex Zakrewsky , Principal Planner / Data Manager , Middlesex County New Jersey Office of Planning . </Li> </Ol> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mean_center_of_the_United_States_population&oldid=835766294 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Demographics of the United States </Li> <Li> Center of population </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Use mdy dates from March 2012 </Li> <Li> Lists of coordinates </Li> <Li> Geographic coordinate lists </Li> <Li> Articles with Geo </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3>

During the period of 1790, the United States center of population gravity was located in the state of

In what state was the united states center of population gravity located during the period 1790?

2796506414835763335

Dancing with the Stars ( U.S. season 26 ) - wikipedia <H1> Dancing with the Stars ( U.S. season 26 ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Dancing with the Stars ( season 26 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> ABC </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Season chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> ← Previous Season 25 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Season twenty - six of Dancing with the Stars , titled Dancing with the Stars : Athletes , will premiere on April 30 , 2018 , on the ABC network . The four - week season , the shortest ever , will feature a cast of former and current athletes . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Cast <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Couples </Li> <Li> 1.2 Hosts and judges </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Scoring chart <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Average chart </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Dance chart </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Couples ( edit ) </H3> <P> The professional dancers were revealed on April 12 , 2018 . The eight professionals returning from last season are Lindsay Arnold , Alan Bersten , Sharna Burgess , Witney Carson , Artem Chigvintsev , Keo Motsepe , Gleb Savchenko , and Emma Slater . The two remaining professional dancers were both in the troupe last season , and have previously been professional dancers on the show : Sasha Farber ( last competed in season 24 ) and Jenna Johnson ( last competed in season 23 ) . The five professionals from last season that are not returning are Cheryl Burke , Mark Ballas , Maksim Chmerkovskiy , Peta Murgatroyd , and Valentin Chmerkovskiy . </P> <P> The cast was revealed on April 13 on Good Morning America . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Celebrity </Th> <Th> Notability ( known for ) </Th> <Th> Professional partner </Th> <Th> Status </Th> <Th> Ref . </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Abdul - Jabbar , Kareem Kareem Abdul - Jabbar </Td> <Td> Hall of Fame NBA basketball player </Td> <Td> Arnold , Lindsay Lindsay Arnold </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Anderson , Jamie Jamie Anderson </Td> <Td> Olympic snowboarder </Td> <Td> Chigvintsev , Artem Artem Chigvintsev </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Damon , Johnny Johnny Damon </Td> <Td> Retired MLB outfielder </Td> <Td> Slater , Emma Emma Slater </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Finch Daigle , Jennie Jennie Finch Daigle </Td> <Td> Olympic softball pitcher </Td> <Td> Motsepe , Keo Keo Motsepe </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Harding , Tonya Tonya Harding </Td> <Td> Former champion figure skater </Td> <Td> Farber , Sasha Sasha Farber </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mazdzer , Chris Chris Mazdzer </Td> <Td> Olympic luger </Td> <Td> Carson , Witney Witney Carson </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Nagasu , Mirai Mirai Nagasu </Td> <Td> Olympic figure skater </Td> <Td> Bersten , Alan Alan Bersten </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Norman , Josh Josh Norman </Td> <Td> NFL cornerback </Td> <Td> Burgess , Sharna Sharna Burgess </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ogunbowale , Arike Arike Ogunbowale </Td> <Td> College basketball player </Td> <Td> Savchenko , Gleb Gleb Savchenko </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Rippon , Adam Adam Rippon </Td> <Td> Olympic figure skater </Td> <Td> Johnson , Jenna Jenna Johnson </Td> <Td> Participating </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> Hosts and judges ( edit ) </H3> <P> Hosts Tom Bergeron and Erin Andrews are set to return , while judges Carrie Ann Inaba , Len Goodman , and Bruno Tonioli will also appear . </P> <H2> Scoring chart ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Couple </Th> <Th> Place </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> 1 + 2 </Th> <Th> </Th> <Th> </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kareem & Lindsay </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jamie & Artem </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Johnny & Emma </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jennie & Keo </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tonya & Sasha </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Chris & Witney </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mirai & Alan </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Josh & Sharna </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Arike & Gleb </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Adam & Jenna </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> Average chart ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Rank by average </Th> <Th> Place </Th> <Th> Couple </Th> <Th> Total points </Th> <Th> Number of dances </Th> <Th> Average </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kareem & Lindsay </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Jamie & Artem </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Johnny & Emma </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Jennie & Keo </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Tonya & Sasha </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Chris & Witney </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Mirai & Alan </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Josh & Sharna </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Arike & Gleb </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Adam & Jenna </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Dance chart ( edit ) </H2> <P> The celebrities and professional partners will dance one of these routines for each corresponding week : </P> <Ul> <Li> Week 1 : Cha - cha - cha , Foxtrot , Salsa , or Viennese Waltz ( First Dances ) </Li> <Li> Week 2 : TBA </Li> <Li> Week 3 : TBA </Li> <Li> Week 4 : TBA </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Couple </Th> <Th> Week 1 </Th> <Th> Week 2 </Th> <Th> Week 3 </Th> <Th> Week 4 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Kareem & Lindsay </Th> <Td> Cha - cha - cha </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Jamie & Artem </Th> <Td> Viennese Waltz </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Johnny & Emma </Th> <Td> Foxtrot </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Jennie & Keo </Th> <Td> Foxtrot </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tonya & Sasha </Th> <Td> Foxtrot </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Chris & Witney </Th> <Td> Salsa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Mirai & Alan </Th> <Td> Salsa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Josh & Sharna </Th> <Td> Cha - cha - cha </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Arike & Gleb </Th> <Td> Salsa </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Adam & Jenna </Th> <Td> Cha - cha - cha </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Schwartz , Ryan ( April 13 , 2018 ) . `` Dancing With the Stars : Athletes Cast Includes Tonya Harding , Adam Rippon , Kareem Abdul - Jabbar and More '' . TVLine . Retrieved April 13 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Murphy , Desiree ( April 12 , 2018 ) . `` Dancing With the Stars pros revealed for all - athlete season '' . Entertainment Tonight . Retrieved April 13 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Thorbecke , Catherine ( April 13 , 2018 ) . `` Adam Rippon , Tonya Harding and more superstar athletes to face - off in Dancing With the Stars season 26 '' . ABC News . Retrieved April 13 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/10-Driven-Athletes-Will-Go-Toe-to-Toe-for-the-Mirrorball-Trophy-on-Season-Premiere-of-ABCs-DANCING-WITH-THE-STARS-20180424 </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Official website </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Dancing with the Stars ( U.S. TV series ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Seasons </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> 5 </Li> <Li> 6 </Li> <Li> 7 </Li> <Li> 8 </Li> <Li> 9 </Li> <Li> 10 </Li> <Li> 11 </Li> <Li> 12 </Li> <Li> 13 </Li> <Li> 14 </Li> <Li> 15 </Li> <Li> 16 </Li> <Li> 17 </Li> <Li> 18 </Li> <Li> 19 </Li> <Li> 20 </Li> <Li> 21 </Li> <Li> 22 </Li> <Li> 23 </Li> <Li> 24 </Li> <Li> 25 </Li> <Li> 26 </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Participants </Th> <Td> List of competitors </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Winners </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Celebrity </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Kelly Monaco </Li> <Li> Drew Lachey </Li> <Li> Emmitt Smith </Li> <Li> Apolo Anton Ohno </Li> <Li> Hélio Castroneves </Li> <Li> Kristi Yamaguchi </Li> <Li> Brooke Burke </Li> <Li> Shawn Johnson </Li> <Li> Donny Osmond </Li> <Li> Nicole Scherzinger </Li> <Li> Jennifer Grey </Li> <Li> Hines Ward </Li> <Li> J.R. Martinez </Li> <Li> Donald Driver </Li> <Li> Melissa Rycroft </Li> <Li> Kellie Pickler </Li> <Li> Amber Riley </Li> <Li> Meryl Davis </Li> <Li> Alfonso Ribeiro </Li> <Li> Rumer Willis </Li> <Li> Bindi Irwin </Li> <Li> Nyle DiMarco </Li> <Li> Laurie Hernandez </Li> <Li> Rashad Jennings </Li> <Li> Jordan Fisher </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Professional </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Alec Mazo </Li> <Li> Cheryl Burke </Li> <Li> Julianne Hough </Li> <Li> Mark Ballas </Li> <Li> Derek Hough </Li> <Li> Kym Johnson </Li> <Li> Karina Smirnoff </Li> <Li> Peta Murgatroyd </Li> <Li> Tony Dovolani </Li> <Li> Maksim Chmerkovskiy </Li> <Li> Witney Carson </Li> <Li> Valentin Chmerkovskiy </Li> <Li> Emma Slater </Li> <Li> Lindsay Arnold </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Games </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Dancing with the Stars </Li> <Li> We Dance ! </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dancing_with_the_Stars_(U.S._season_26)&oldid=838146385 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Dancing with the Stars ( U.S. TV series ) </Li> <Li> 2018 American television seasons </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Television season articles that use custom fields </Li> <Li> Infobox television season articles that use the season name parameter </Li> <Li> Articles with hCards </Li> <Li> Official website not in Wikidata </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Español </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 25 April 2018 , at 06 : 09 . </Li> <Li> Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional

The stars in Dancing with the Stars include

Who are the stars in dancing with the stars?

-6655692357261534837

List of the Next Step episodes - Wikipedia <H1> List of the Next Step episodes </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article 's plot summaries may be too long or excessively detailed . Please help improve them by removing unnecessary details and making them more concise . ( July 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Next Step is a Canadian teen drama series created by Frank van Keeken and produced by Temple Street Productions . Shot in a dramatic mockumentary style , the series focuses on a group of dancers who attend The Next Step Dance Studio . They have won Regionals , Nationals and Internationals . As of December 13 , 2017 , 154 episodes of The Next Step have aired , concluding the fifth season . </P> <P> On March 21 , 2016 , Frank van Keeken announced on Instagram that The Next Step would return for a fifth season , which premiered on May 26 , 2017 . The series has been renewed for a sixth season of 26 episodes which will premiere in 2018 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Series overview </Li> <Li> 2 Episodes <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Season 1 ( 2013 -- 14 ) </Li> <Li> 2.2 Series 2 ( 2014 -- 15 ) </Li> <Li> 2.3 Season 3 ( 2015 ) </Li> <Li> 2.4 Season 4 ( 2016 -- 17 ) </Li> <Li> 2.5 Season 5 ( 2017 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Series overview ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Season </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Episodes </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Originally aired </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> First aired </Th> <Th> Last aired </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 30 </Td> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> March 8 , 2013 ( 2013 - 03 - 08 ) </Td> <Td> June 7 , 2013 ( 2013 - 06 - 07 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 20 , 2013 ( 2013 - 09 - 20 ) </Td> <Td> January 3 , 2014 ( 2014 - 01 - 03 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 34 </Td> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> March 7 , 2014 ( 2014 - 03 - 07 ) </Td> <Td> June 6 , 2014 ( 2014 - 06 - 06 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 12 , 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 12 ) </Td> <Td> January 2 , 2015 ( 2015 - 01 - 02 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 30 </Td> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> March 16 , 2015 ( 2015 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> <Td> April 2 , 2015 ( 2015 - 04 - 02 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 11 , 2015 ( 2015 - 09 - 11 ) </Td> <Td> December 11 , 2015 ( 2015 - 12 - 11 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 40 </Td> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> February 15 , 2016 ( 2016 - 02 - 15 ) </Td> <Td> June 24 , 2016 ( 2016 - 06 - 24 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> October 14 , 2016 ( 2016 - 10 - 14 ) </Td> <Td> May 12 , 2017 ( 2017 - 05 - 12 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 5 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 20 </Td> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> May 26 , 2017 ( 2017 - 05 - 26 ) </Td> <Td> August 11 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 11 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> October 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 13 ) </Td> <Td> December 15 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 15 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Season 1 ( 2013 -- 14 ) ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="13"> Part 1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Get The Party Started '' </Td> <Td> Brian K. Roberts </Td> <Td> Frank van Keeken </Td> <Td> March 8 , 2013 ( 2013 - 03 - 08 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> The A - and B - Troupe dancers audition to earn a place in A-Troupe . When the fourth group of dancers are about to start their audition , an unknown dancer named Michelle who just moved from Madison , Wisconsin comes in . By this unexpected twist , last year 's Dance Captain , Emily feels threatened by Michelle . Kate talks to Michelle in her office and tells her she would be happy to audition . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Everybody Dance Now '' </Td> <Td> Brian K. Roberts </Td> <Td> Frank van Keeken and Chloe Van Keeken </Td> <Td> March 12 , 2013 ( 2013 - 03 - 12 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Giselle does not make it into A-Troupe . Giselle is later removed from the E-girls for not being in A-Troupe , as the rules are that all E-girls must be in A-Troupe . Emily promises to get Giselle back in A-troupe , and kick Michelle out . Chloe later becomes part of the E-Girls . Stephanie tells Michelle before their first dance rehearsal is in Studio B but , Giselle , who is on her way to B - Troupe tells her that A-Troupe is always in Studio A. Stephanie tells us in a confessional she did this so Michelle would be late , and get a bad reputation in A-Troupe . It is said by people in A-Troupe and as well in a confession done by James was that James has dated many girls before , including Beth who is now in B - Troupe , and Amanda , who was at Elite . He uses dancing as an `` unfair '' advantage to get girls . It is said as well that E-girls is named by Emily , whose name starts with the letter `` E '' so that 's why they are called the E-Girls . Also the E-girls have over 100 rules , the main one being that you always look out for fellow E-Girls , also they have a fairly simple hand shake , creating an `` E '' with their hand , linking it with another E-girl to create an `` E '' on the top and a `` G '' on the bottom . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Dance , Dance '' </Td> <Td> Brian K. Roberts </Td> <Td> Chloe Van Keeken </Td> <Td> March 13 , 2013 ( 2013 - 03 - 13 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Kate and Chris give Michelle a chance to be dance captain considering her being dance captain at her last studio . Each dance captain had to split into a group of 5 . But when Chris chooses the groups , Emily is split with Stephanie , her best friend , and Stephanie has to mess up the dance moves in Michelle 's dance . Riley feels that Emily and Stephanie 's idea shows that Emily is feeling too threatened towards Michelle . Kate yells at Michelle for deciding that their dance was ready , where Michelle argues saying that Stephanie agreed that she was ready . Emily was once again dance captain . Meanwhile , James is about to get kicked out of the studio for failing math . Chris says that he will help James and his mom gives him a second chance . West tries to befriend James by randomly putting on dance offs in public . Everyone in A-Troupe starts arguing over who should be dance captain , Kate panics and Chris throws ping pong balls for everyone to clean up . Until West starts dancing in front of James , James starts dancing in response meaning West has won his respect . Eventually everyone starts dancing together , forgetting about the dance captain situation . They realize they are here to dance , not to complain . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Rock and a Hard Place '' </Td> <Td> Brian K. Roberts </Td> <Td> Rachael Schaefer </Td> <Td> March 14 , 2013 ( 2013 - 03 - 14 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> A dance competition is coming up this weekend so Kate and Chris think they should decide the dance line positions . Emily persuades them to let her make the decision , which leads her to putting Michelle in the back row . After Riley finds out that Emily lied to A-Troupe about having the list reviewed by Kate and Chris , she approaches James and asks him if he thinks her being in the front over Michelle is fair , he gives her honest opinion and tells her that it is not . So she switches her front line position with Michelle in the middle of a rehearsal . Emily is outraged that her sister betrayed her , and the E-Girls vote to kick Riley out of their clique . Also , Daniel choreographs a routine for J - troupe , while Tiffany uses J - Troupe to mess with him . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 5 </Th> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> `` Steal My Sunshine '' </Td> <Td> Mitchell T. Ness </Td> <Td> Chloe Van Keeken </Td> <Td> March 15 , 2013 ( 2013 - 03 - 15 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> The A-Troupe members go to the beach for a day off while the E-Girls run Dance Camp for the little kids . At the beach , Riley loses Emily 's necklace and the group has to find it before they leave the beach . Meanwhile , one of the little kids at dance camp gets lost and the E-Girls have to find her before dance camp is over . At the end , Riley finds Emily 's necklace and the E-girls find the little girl . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 6 </Th> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> `` Good Girls Go Bad '' </Td> <Td> Frank van Keeken </Td> <Td> Story by : Cole Bastedo Teleplay by : Rachael Schaefer </Td> <Td> March 22 , 2013 ( 2013 - 03 - 22 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> The A-Troupe takes a visit to the Elite studio to see what they 're doing for Regionals . West and Daniel stay at the studio and dance while the rest go to Elite . Riley asks James to go along to keep an eye for Michelle as he is the only one she feels she can trust to keep Emily from hurting Michelle . Michelle gets caught at Elite while filming their routine and the rest of the group leave her there , where she pretends to audition as a cover up . Elite consider recruiting her . Meanwhile , Daniel & West choreograph a duet together . The episode ends as Michelle worries in a confessional . When Kate realizes Michelle was late , she called her over to have a chat about what she overheard the dancers saying . She then tells Emily that Michelle may leave the studio because of how unhappy she was , although Michelle said that it was purely to spy . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 7 </Th> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> `` Love Story '' </Td> <Td> Brian K. Roberts </Td> <Td> Frank van Keeken </Td> <Td> April 19 , 2013 ( 2013 - 04 - 19 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Michelle is still at the Elite studio , frightened to be in front of the Elite group . She is so embarrassed to be caught in front of the whole Elite group . Michelle volunteered to film some of Elite 's dancing to try to gain a friendship with Emily . Meanwhile James is worrying because Riley had asked him to make sure Michelle does n't get caught because of Emily . Riley

Season 6 of The Next Step starts in

When does season 6 of the next step start?

2125482171201889012

in Daycare . This came as a huge disappointment to fans , who were saddened that the show would not return to its previous format . </P> <H2> Episodes </H2> Main article : List of Total Drama episodes <P> This is a list of all the seasons that have aired with the original Canadian air dates shown below along with basic elements for each season . The 100th episode of the whole series aired in Canada on February 27 , 2014 , with the producers very happy of this milestone . That means that it took Teletoon 6 years and 7 months for them to air the first 100 episodes . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Season </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Episodes </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Originally aired </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Winner </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> First aired </Th> <Th> Last aired </Th> <Th> Winner </Th> <Th> Runner - up </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> Island </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 28 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> July 8 , 2007 </Td> <Td> November 29 , 2008 </Td> <Td> Owen </Td> <Td> Gwen </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> Action </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 27 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> January 11 , 2009 </Td> <Td> June 10 , 2010 </Td> <Td> Duncan </Td> <Td> Beth </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> World Tour </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 26 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> June 10 , 2010 </Td> <Td> April 24 , 2011 </Td> <Td> Alejandro </Td> <Td> Heather </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> Revenge of the Island </Td> <Td colspan="2"> 13 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> January 5 , 2012 </Td> <Td> April 12 , 2012 </Td> <Td> Cameron </Td> <Td> Lightning </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td colspan="1"> All - Stars / Pahkitew Island </Td> <Td colspan="1"> 26 </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> January 9 , 2014 </Td> <Td> March 27 , 2014 </Td> <Td> Mike </Td> <Td> Zoey </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td colspan="1"> September 4 , 2014 </Td> <Td> November 20 , 2014 </Td> <Td> Sky </Td> <Td> Shawn </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Dl> <Dd> Source for table : </Dd> </Dl> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Canada decided the winner of each season through a popular vote , where the series was originally produced . The runner - up is the official winner in some countries , hence the televised footage of the runner - up winning in their respective season . </Li> </Ol> <P> The entire fifth season has already finished airing in the United States and Canada with Mike and Sky as the most recent winners . For the most recent seasons , the United States and other countries usually air the seasons first and before Canada gets to air it ( usually the following year ) . </P> <H3> Seasons </H3> <P> There are currently five seasons in the Total Drama series that have aired worldwide which all are listed below . The air dates listed in the table are from the original Canadian airings . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Episodes </Th> <Th> Director </Th> <Th> Characters </Th> <Th> Season premiere </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Total Drama Island '' </Td> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> Todd Kauffman / Mark Thornton </Td> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> July 8 , 2007 ( 2007 - 07 - 08 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Total Drama Island is the first season of the series . It first premiered on Canada on July 8 , 2007 and June 5 , 2008 on the United States . This season takes place at Camp Wawanakwa , a fictional island located somewhere in Muskoka , Ontario where the season is based on a summer camp theme ( although a contestant is eliminated at the end of every episode ) . Like the whole series , this season is a competition to see which of the twenty - two contestants will survive and last the longest . This is because the contestants are brutally tortured along the way through the intense challenges they are given . Challenges are sometimes based on other reality shows like Fear Factor and Survivor . All of this is so that the winner of the season ( the one to last the longest on the island and not get eliminated ) , will win a small fortune of C $ 100,000 and cheesy fame . Eliminated contestants are sent packing toward the Dock of Shame and must ride the Boat of Losers off the island . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Total Drama Action '' </Td> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> Todd Kauffman / Mark Thornton </Td> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> January 11 , 2009 ( 2009 - 01 - 11 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Total Drama Action is the second season of the series . It premiered on Canada on January 11 , 2009 and June 10 in the U.S. It is a sequel to the first season of the series , Total Drama Island . In this season , fourteen characters from previous returned : Beth , Bridgette , DJ , Duncan , Geoff , Gwen , Harold , Heather , Izzy , Justin , Leshawna , Lindsay , Owen , and Trent . Courtney returns later on in the season due to a lawsuit . In this season , the contestants are taken to a brand new location : an old film lot in the center of Toronto , Ontario . The challenges are now based on movie genres , and the grand prize is now C $1,000,000 . Cody , Eva , Ezekiel , Noah , Katie , Sadie , and Tyler do not return to compete , but still appeared for the aftermath special , an extra show which was hosted by Bridgette and Geoff , the first two eliminated contestants . All losers must take the Walk of Shame on the red carpet and ride the Lame - o - sine . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Total Drama World Tour '' </Td> <Td> 26 </Td> <Td> Keith Oliver / Chad Hicks </Td> <Td> 18 </Td> <Td> June 10 , 2010 ( 2010 - 06 - 10 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Total Drama World Tour is the third season of the series . It premiered in 2010 internationally and continued onto 2011 in Canada . In this season , seventeen contestants are taken on a trip around the world as they compete in cultural themed challenges based on the countries or regions that they visit . An added twist in this season is that the contestants are required to break spontaneously into song , or else be immediately eliminated by Chris ( although this rule was not strongly enforced , and no one was eliminated for not singing anyway ) . Fifteen of the original characters from previous returned : Bridgette , Cody , Courtney , DJ , Duncan , Ezekiel , Gwen , Harold , Heather , Izzy , Leshawna , Lindsay , Noah , Owen , and Tyler . Two new characters , Alejandro and Sierra , also joined the cast at the beginning of this season . Additionally , a third new character , Blaineley , was brought on to compete past the halfway point of the season . Beth , Eva , Geoff , Justin , Katie , Sadie , and Trent did not return to compete , but have instead appeared for the aftermath specials . The prize for this season is also C $1,000,000 . People are eliminated by jumping off the Drop of Shame . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Total Drama : Revenge of the Island '' </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> Keith Oliver / Chad Hicks </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> January 5 , 2012 ( 2012 - 01 - 05 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Total Drama : Revenge of the Island is the fourth season of the series . The series ' extension was commissioned by Teletoon from the producers , Fresh TV Inc . It premiered in Canada on January 5 , 2012 and in the United States on June 5 , 2012 . This season returns to Camp Wawanakwa ( the original setting of the first season ) , but no contestants from previous seasons return . Instead , a new set of thirteen contestants compete , which are Anne Maria , B , Brick , Cameron , Dakota , Dawn , Jo , Lightning , Mike , Sam , Scott , Staci , and Zoey . However , some characters from the original cast still have cameo appearances throughout the season . Also , due to the island being abandoned for the past two seasons , Chris had lent the island to a biohazardous waste dump company , causing the island to turn radioactive . This means that causes of radiation and toxic waste is the main theme for this season . This season only contains 13 episodes ( half the length of a regular season ) , and the cash prize is once again C $1,000,000 . People are eliminated off the island by the Hurl of Shame . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 5 </Th> <Td> `` Total Drama All - Stars and Pahkitew Island '' </Td> <Td> 26 </Td> <Td> Keith Oliver / Chad Hicks </Td> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> January 9 , 2014 ( 2014 - 01 - 09 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Total Drama All - Stars and Total Drama : Pahkitew Island both make up the fifth and most recent season of the Total Drama series which were ordered by Cartoon Network in October 2012 as 26 episodes . Both parts of Season 5 feature different islands and casts , but share similar elements and are both under the same production code . Total Drama All - Stars is the first part of the fifth and most recent season of the series . While the season premiered on January 9 , 2014 in Canada and on September 10 , 2013 in the United States . This segment is 13 episodes long , just like the previous season . Total Drama All - Stars features the fourteen most popular contestants from the previous two seasons , which are : Alejandro , Cameron , Courtney , Duncan , Gwen , Heather , Jo , Lightning , Lindsay , Mike , Sam , Scott , Sierra , and Zoey . They all compete in several `` Heroes vs. Villains '' themed challenges , which means that the protagonists ( heroes ) team up and compete against the antagonists ( villains ) . People will now be eliminated by taking the Flush of Shame and the winner once again takes home C $1,000,000 . Total Drama : Pahkitew Island is the second part of the fifth and most recent season and was announced on June 11 , 2013 . It also consists of 13 episodes and takes place at a new location , this time on an island called Pahkitew Island located somewhere in Western Canada . A new set of fourteen contestants compete in this season , which are : Amy , Beardo , Dave , Ella , Jasmine , Leonard , Max , Rodney , Samey , Scarlett , Shawn , Sky , Sugar , and Topher . The last part of this season first aired in the United States on July 7 , 2014 and later in Canada on September 4 , 2014 . Eliminations now take place via the Cannon of Shame and features another one million dollar grand prize . Pahkitew Island features various similar elements to Camp Wawanakwa but the island is much bigger and mostly artificial . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Source for season list : </P> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Main characters only ; not including the host and other supporting characters . </Li> </Ol> <H3> Future plans </H3> <P> Co-creator Tom McGillis has stated that his personal goal is for Total Drama to go up to ten seasons . Alex Ganetakos , the executive story editor and the senior writer for the series , also says that the production team plans to make more seasons in the future . However , it is unknown whether these future seasons would still be part of the main Total Drama

The third season of Total Drama is

What is the third season of total drama?

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Panzer VIII Maus - wikipedia <H1> Panzer VIII Maus </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( June 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Panzerkampfwagen VIII Maus </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> The Maus prototype at the Kubinka Tank Museum , Russia ( 2009 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Super-heavy tank </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Place of origin </Th> <Td> Nazi Germany </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Production history </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Produced </Th> <Td> 1944 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. built </Th> <Td> 2 ( of which 1 incomplete ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Specifications </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Weight </Th> <Td> 188 tonnes ( 207 short tons ; 185 long tons ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 10.2 metres ( 33 ft 6 in ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Width </Th> <Td> 3.71 metres ( 12 ft 2 in ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Height </Th> <Td> 3.63 metres ( 11 ft 11 in ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Crew </Th> <Td> 6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Armour </Th> <Td> <P> 220 mm ( 8.7 in ) ( turret front ) 200 mm ( 7.9 in ) ( turret side and rear ) 200 mm ( 7.9 in ) ( hull front ) 180 mm ( 7.1 in ) ( hull side ) </P> 150 mm ( 5.9 in ) ( hull rear ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Main armament </Th> <Td> 128 mm ( 5 in ) KwK 44 gun L / 55 ( 68 rounds ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Secondary armament </Th> <Td> 75 mm ( 3 in ) KwK 44 gun L / 36.5 ( co-axial ) ( 100 rounds ) 7.92 mm ( 0.31 in ) MG 34 machine gun ( co-axial ) ( 1,000 rounds ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Engine </Th> <Td> ( V1 ) MB509 V12 petrol engine , DB 603 derivative ( V2 ) MB 517 V12 diesel engine ( V2 ) ( V1 ) 1,080 hp ( 805 kW ) ( V2 ) 1,200 hp ( 895 kW ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Power / weight </Th> <Td> 6.4 HP / ton </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ground clearance </Th> <Td> 500 mm ( 20 in ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Fuel capacity </Th> <Td> 2,700 litres ( 590 imp gal ; 710 US gal ) ( internal fuel tank ) 1,500 litres ( 330 imp gal ; 400 US gal ) ( external fuel tank ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Operational range </Th> <Td> 160 km ( 99 mi ) ( road ) 62 km ( 39 mi ) ( off road ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Speed </Th> <Td> <P> 20 km / h ( 12 mph ) ( maximum ) </P> 18 km / h ( 11 mph ) ( average road speed ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Panzerkampfwagen VIII Maus ( `` Mouse '' ) was a German World War II super-heavy tank completed in late 1944 . It is the heaviest fully enclosed armoured fighting vehicle ever built . Five were ordered , but only two hulls and one turret were completed before the testing grounds were captured by the advancing Soviet forces . </P> <P> These two prototypes -- one with , and the other without a turret -- underwent trials in late 1944 . The complete vehicle was 10.2 metres ( 33 ft 6 in ) long , 3.71 metres ( 12 ft 2 in ) wide and 3.63 metres ( 11.9 ft ) high . Weighing 188 metric tons , the Maus 's main armament was the Krupp - designed 128 mm KwK 44 L / 55 gun , based on the 12.8 cm Pak 44 anti-tank field artillery piece also used in the casemate - type Jagdtiger tank destroyer , with a coaxial 75 mm KwK 44 L / 36.5 gun . The 128 mm gun was powerful enough to destroy all Allied armoured fighting vehicles then in service , some at ranges exceeding 3,500 metres ( 2.2 mi ) . </P> <P> The principal problem in the design of the Maus was developing an engine and drivetrain which was powerful enough to propel the tank , yet small enough to fit inside it -- as it was meant to use the same sort of `` hybrid drive '' , using an internal - combustion engine to operate an electric generator to power its tracks with electric motor units , much as its Ferdinand Porsche - designed predecessors , the VK 3001 ( P ) , VK 4501 ( P ) , and Elefant had . The drive train was electrical , designed to provide a maximum speed of 20 kilometres per hour ( 12 mph ) and a minimum speed of 1.5 kilometres per hour ( 0.93 mph ) . However , during actual field testing , the maximum speed achieved on hard surfaces was 13 kilometres per hour ( 8.1 mph ) with full motor field , and by weakening the motor field to a minimum , a top speed of 22 kilometres per hour ( 14 mph ) was achieved . The vehicle 's weight made it unable to utilize most bridges , instead it was intended to ford to a depth of 2 metres ( 6 ft 7 in ) or submerge up to a depth of 8 metres ( 26 ft 3 in ) and use a snorkel to cross rivers . </P> <P> The Maus was intended to punch holes through enemy defences in the manner of an immense `` breakthrough tank '' , whilst taking almost no damage to any components . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Development <Ul> <Li> 1.1 V1 </Li> <Li> 1.2 V2 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Capture </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Development ( edit ) </H2> <P> The basic design known as the VK100. 01 / Porsche Type 205 was suggested by Ferdinand Porsche to Adolf Hitler in June 1942 , who subsequently approved it . Work on the design began in earnest ; the first prototype , to be ready in 1943 was initially to receive the name Mammut ( Mammoth ) . This was reportedly changed to Mäuschen ( Little Mouse ) in December 1942 and finally to Maus ( Mouse ) in February 1943 , which became the most common name for this tank . </P> The `` contact - shoe '' and `` connector - link '' track design of the Maus ' suspension system <P> The Maus was designed from the start to use the `` electric transmission '' design which Ferdinand Porsche had used in the VK 4501 ( P ) , his unsuccessful attempt to win the production contract for the Tiger . The initial powerplant was the Daimler - Benz MB 509 gasoline engine , an adaptation of Germany 's largest displacement ( at 44.5 litres / 2,717 in3 ) inverted V12 aircraft engine , the Daimler - Benz DB 603 , and later changed to the Daimler - Benz MB 517 diesel engine . This drove an electrical generator , and their combined length occupied the central / rear two - thirds of the Maus ' hull , cutting off the forward driver 's compartment in the hull from direct access to the turret from within the tank . Each 1.1 metre - wide track , which used the same basic `` contact shoe '' and `` connector link '' design format as the Henschel - built Tiger II , was driven by its own electric motor mounted within the upper rear area of each hull side . Each set of tracks had a suspension design containing a total of 24 road wheels per side , in six bogie sets , staggered to be spread over the entire width of the track . </P> <P> Due to the return `` run '' of the uniquely wide tracks used being completely enclosed within the fixed outer side armor panels that defined its overall hull width , with the inner vertical lengthwise walls of the hull used to mount the suspension components , a narrow lengthwise `` tub '' remained between the hull 's inner armored walls , under and to the rear of the turret to house the engine and generator of the tank 's powertrain . </P> <P> The armour was substantial : the hull front was 220 millimetres ( 8.7 in ) thick , the sides and rear of the hull were up to 190 millimetres ( 7.5 in ) . The turret armour was even thicker , the turret front was up to 240 millimetres ( 9.4 in ) and the sides and rear 200 millimetres ( 7.9 in ) . The gun mantlet was 250 millimetres ( 9.8 in ) , and combined with the turret armour behind , the protection level at that section was even higher . </P> <P> The initial plan for the Maus was for the prototype to have been completed by mid-1943 , with monthly production scheduled to run at ten vehicles per month after delivery of the prototype . The work on the Maus would be divided between Krupp , responsible for the chassis , armament and turret and Alkett , who would be responsible for final assembly . </P> The rear of the Maus in the Kubinka tank museum <P> The Maus tank was originally designed to weigh approximately 100 tons and be armed with a 128 mm main gun and a 75 mm co-axial secondary gun . Additional armament options were studied including various versions of 128 mm , 150 mm , and 170 mm guns . In January 1943 Hitler himself insisted that the armament be a 128 mm main gun with a coaxial 75 mm gun . The 128 mm PaK 44 anti-tank field artillery piece of 1943 that Krupp adapted for arming the Maus as the Kampfwagenkanone ( KwK ) 44 retained , in parallel to the Porsche project , its original anti-tank Panzerabwehrkanone family designation of PaK 44 when mounted in the casemate - style Jagdtiger tank destroyer . </P> <P> By May 1943 , a wooden mockup of the final Maus configuration was ready and presented to Hitler , who approved it for mass production , ordering a first series of 150 . At this point , the estimated weight of the Maus was 188 tons . However , there is a story that concerns the main armament of the Maus being changed by Hitler who said that the 128 mm gun looked like a ' toy gun ' when compared to the tank , causing the 128 mm to be replaced by a 150 mm gun . </P> <P> In his book Panzer Leader , Heinz Guderian wrote : </P> <P> On 1 May a wooden model of the `` Maus '' , a tank project of Porsche and Krupp , was shown to Hitler . It was intended to mount a 150 mm gun . The total weight of the tank was supposed to reach 175 tons . It should be considered that after the design changes on Hitler 's instructions the tank will weigh 200 tons . The model did n't have a single machine gun for close combat , and for this reason I had to reject it . It had the same design flaw that made the Elefant unsuitable for close combat . In the end , the tank will inevitably have to wage a close combat since it operates in cooperation with the infantry . An intense debate started , and except for me , all of the present found the `` Maus '' magnificent . It was promising to be exactly that , a `` giant '' . </P> <P> This lack of close combat armament was later

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List of tallest buildings in Las Vegas - wikipedia <H1> List of tallest buildings in Las Vegas </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Stratosphere Tower is the tallest observation tower in the United States The Strip in 2010 <P> The city of Las Vegas , Nevada and its surrounding unincorporated communities in the Las Vegas Valley are the sites of more than 160 high - rises , 42 of which stand taller than 400 feet ( 122 m ) . The tallest structure in the city is the Stratosphere Tower , which rises 1,149 feet ( 350 m ) just north of the Las Vegas Strip . The tower is also the tallest observation tower in the United States . Since the Stratosphere Tower is not fully habitable , however , it is not considered a building . The tallest building in Las Vegas is The Drew Las Vegas , which rises 735 feet ( 224 m ) and was topped out in November 2008 . This building , however , is currently on hold . The tallest completed building in the city is the 52 - story Palazzo , which rises 642 feet ( 196 m ) and was completed in 2007 . </P> <P> Beginning with the completion of the Diamond of the Dunes Tower in 1961 , high - rise hotels began to become more concentrated on the Las Vegas Strip . The first high - rise hotel and casino resort to rise higher than 492 feet ( 150 m ) was the 529 - foot ( 161 m ) New York - New York Hotel & Casino , completed in 1997 . Las Vegas entered into a skyscraper - building boom in the late 1990s that has continued to the present ; of the city 's 40 tallest skyscrapers , 39 were completed after 1997 . As of 2012 , the skyline of Las Vegas is ranked 66th in the world and 18th in the United States with 176 completed high - rises . </P> <P> In what is being dubbed a `` Manhattanization wave '' , there are over 30 skyscrapers that are proposed , approved or under construction in the city that are planned to rise over 400 feet ( 122 m ) in height . The tallest building approved for the city is the World Jewelry Center , which is planned for construction in Downtown Las Vegas . The 815 - foot ( 248 m ) tower is part of a proposal to construct a hub for the world 's jewelry industry , across from World Market Center Las Vegas . The tallest building under construction in Las Vegas is The Drew Las Vegas , which has also been the tallest building in the city since its topping out in November 2008 ; construction on the building was suspended in mid-2009 and is currently planned to open in 2020 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Tallest buildings </Li> <Li> 2 Tallest under construction or proposed <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Under construction </Li> <Li> 2.2 Approved or proposed </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Timeline of tallest buildings </Li> <Li> 4 Notes </Li> <Li> 5 Notes </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Tallest buildings ( edit ) </H2> <P> This list ranks completed and topped out skyscrapers in Las Vegas that stand at least 400 feet ( 122 m ) tall , based on standard height measurement . This includes spires and architectural details , but does not include antenna masts . An equal sign ( = ) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings . The `` Year '' column indicates the year in which a building was completed . Freestanding observation towers , while not habitable buildings , are included for comparison purposes but not ranked . </P> <P> Many Las Vegas skyscrapers are located on the Las Vegas Strip , the majority of which is located outside the Las Vegas city limits . This list includes all skyscrapers which are included within the city limits of Las Vegas and the surrounding communities which use Las Vegas as an official address . The United States Postal Service uses `` Las Vegas , NV '' as the official mailing address for the unincorporated places of Paradise , Winchester , and Spring Valley , and as such the distinction between the city and the surrounding communities is often not apparent . </P> Panorama View from The Strip <Table> <Tr> <Th> Rank </Th> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Image </Th> <Th> Height ft ( m ) </Th> <Th> Floors </Th> <Th> Year </Th> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Stratosphere Tower </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1,150 ( 350 ) </Td> <Td> 112 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 36 ° 8 ′ 50.59 '' N 115 ° 9 ′ 19.40 '' W  /  36.1473861 ° N 115.1553889 ° W  / 36.1473861 ; - 115.1553889 </Td> <Td> Tallest observation tower in the United States , second - tallest in the Western Hemisphere after the CN Tower in Toronto ; second - tallest free - standing structure in the U.S. west of the Mississippi River , after the Kennecott Smokestack in Utah ; has been the tallest structure in Las Vegas since 1996 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> The Drew Las Vegas * </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 735 ( 224 ) </Td> <Td> 63 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 36 ° 8 ′ 15.97 '' N 115 ° 9 ′ 33.92 '' W  /  36.1377694 ° N 115.1594222 ° W  / 36.1377694 ; - 115.1594222 </Td> <Td> Construction on - hold since 2011 . It was topped out in early 2009 , becoming the tallest building in Las Vegas and the state of Nevada . Tallest building constructed in Las Vegas in the 2000s </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> The Palazzo </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 642 ( 196 ) </Td> <Td> 53 </Td> <Td> 2007 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 7 ′ 26.69 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 4.35 '' W  /  36.1240806 ° N 115.1678750 ° W  / 36.1240806 ; - 115.1678750 </Td> <Td> Tallest completed building in Las Vegas and Nevada ; tallest hotel in Las Vegas </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Trump International Hotel & Tower -- Tower One </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 640 ( 195 ) </Td> <Td> 64 </Td> <Td> 2008 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 7 ′ 46.96 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 21.27 '' W  /  36.1297111 ° N 115.1725750 ° W  / 36.1297111 ; - 115.1725750 </Td> <Td> Tallest residential building in the city </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Encore at Wynn Las Vegas </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 631 ( 192 ) </Td> <Td> 54 </Td> <Td> 2008 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 7 ′ 46.4 '' N 115 ° 9 ′ 52.92 '' W  /  36.129556 ° N 115.1647000 ° W  / 36.129556 ; - 115.1647000 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> Wynn Las Vegas </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 614 ( 187 ) </Td> <Td> 50 </Td> <Td> 2005 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 7 ′ 35.23 '' N 115 ° 9 ′ 56.55 '' W  /  36.1264528 ° N 115.1657083 ° W  / 36.1264528 ; - 115.1657083 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 = </Td> <Td> The Cosmopolitan Boulevard Tower </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 610 ( 184 ) </Td> <Td> 61 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 35.45 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 26.13 '' W  /  36.1098472 ° N 115.1739250 ° W  / 36.1098472 ; - 115.1739250 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 = </Td> <Td> The Cosmopolitan Casino Chelsea Tower </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 610 ( 184 ) </Td> <Td> 61 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 35.45 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 26.13 '' W  /  36.1098472 ° N 115.1739250 ° W  / 36.1098472 ; - 115.1739250 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 = </Td> <Td> Aria Resort & Casino </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 600 ( 183 ) </Td> <Td> 49 </Td> <Td> 2009 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 28.15 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 37.41 '' W  /  36.1078194 ° N 115.1770583 ° W  / 36.1078194 ; - 115.1770583 </Td> <Td> Floors 40 - 49 are skipped due to superstition </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 = </Td> <Td> Elara </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 600 ( 183 ) </Td> <Td> 46 </Td> <Td> 2009 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 30.65 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 7.75 '' W  /  36.1085139 ° N 115.1688194 ° W  / 36.1085139 ; - 115.1688194 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td> Vdara </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 570 ( 174 ) </Td> <Td> 57 </Td> <Td> 2009 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 34.02 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 40.66 '' W  /  36.1094500 ° N 115.1779611 ° W  / 36.1094500 ; - 115.1779611 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> Mandarin Oriental , Las Vegas </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 560 ( 171 ) </Td> <Td> 47 </Td> <Td> 2009 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 22.32 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 27.83 '' W  /  36.1062000 ° N 115.1743972 ° W  / 36.1062000 ; - 115.1743972 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> High Roller </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 550 ( 167 ) </Td> <Td> 55 stories </Td> <Td> 2014 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 7 ′ 3.55 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 5.61 '' W  /  36.1176528 ° N 115.1682250 ° W  / 36.1176528 ; - 115.1682250 </Td> <Td> Not a building , but included for comparison purposes ; currently the world 's tallest Ferris wheel . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Eiffel Tower at Paris Las Vegas </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 540 ( 165 ) </Td> <Td> 54 </Td> <Td> 1999 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 44.88 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 20.23 '' W  /  36.1124667 ° N 115.1722861 ° W  / 36.1124667 ; - 115.1722861 </Td> <Td> Half - scale replica of the Eiffel Tower in Paris , France . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> New York - New York Hotel & Casino </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 529 ( 161 ) </Td> <Td> 45 </Td> <Td> 1997 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 8.06 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 27.53 '' W  /  36.1022389 ° N 115.1743139 ° W  / 36.1022389 ; - 115.1743139 </Td> <Td> Tallest building constructed in Las Vegas in the 1990s </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> Palms Place </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 517 ( 157 ) </Td> <Td> 48 </Td> <Td> 2008 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 50.68 '' N 115 ° 11 ′ 55.43 '' W  /  36.1140778 ° N 115.1987306 ° W  / 36.1140778 ; - 115.1987306 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> The Martin </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 513 ( 157 ) </Td> <Td> 42 </Td> <Td> 2009 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 30.46 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 56.65 '' W  /  36.1084611 ° N 115.1824028 ° W  / 36.1084611 ; - 115.1824028 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> Bellagio Resort & Casino </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 508 ( 155 ) </Td> <Td> 36 </Td> <Td> 1998 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 6 ′ 47.16 '' N 115 ° 10 ′ 35.52 '' W  /  36.1131000 ° N 115.1765333 ° W  / 36.1131000 ; - 115.1765333 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> Sky Las Vegas </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 500 ( 152 ) </Td> <Td> 45 </Td> <Td> 2007 </Td> <Td> 36 ° 8 ′ 19.53 '' N 115 ° 9 ′ 41.1 '' W  /  36.1387583 ° N 115.161417 ° W  / 36.1387583 ; - 115.161417 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr>

The tallest building in Las Vegas is

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Dome of the Rock - wikipedia <H1> Dome of the Rock </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with Al - Aqsa Mosque or Mosque of Omar ( Jerusalem ) . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Dome of the Rock </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Qubbat As - Sakhrah قبّة الصخرة </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Location within the Old City of Jerusalem </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Basic information </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> Jerusalem </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Geographic coordinates </Th> <Td> 31 ° 46 ′ 41 '' N 35 ° 14 ′ 07 '' E  /  31.7780 ° N 35.2354 ° E  / 31.7780 ; 35.2354 Coordinates : 31 ° 46 ′ 41 '' N 35 ° 14 ′ 07 '' E  /  31.7780 ° N 35.2354 ° E  / 31.7780 ; 35.2354 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Affiliation </Th> <Td> Islam </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> Israel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Administration </Th> <Td> Ministry of Awqaf ( Jordan ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Architectural description </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Architectural type </Th> <Td> Shrine </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Architectural style </Th> <Td> Umayyad , Abbasid , Ottoman </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date established </Th> <Td> built 688 -- 692 , expanded 820s , restored 1020s , 1545 -- 1566 , 1721 / 2 , 1817 , 1874 / 5 , 1959 -- 1962 , 1993 . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Specifications </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dome ( s ) </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Minaret ( s ) </Th> <Td> 0 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Dome of the Rock ( Arabic : قبة الصخرة ‎ Qubbat al - Sakhrah , Hebrew : כיפת הסלע ‎ Kippat ha - Sela ) is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem . </P> <P> It was initially completed in 691 CE at the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al - Malik during the Second Fitna , built on the site of the Roman temple of Jupiter Capitolinus , which had in turn been built on the site of the Second Jewish Temple , destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE . The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture . </P> <P> Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces , although its outside appearance has been significantly changed in the Ottoman period and again in the modern period , notably with the addition of the gold - plated roof , in 1959 -- 61 and again in 1993 . The octagonal plan of the structure may have been influenced by the Byzantine Church of the Seat of Mary ( also known as Kathisma in Greek and al - Qadismu in Arabic ) built between 451 and 458 on the road between Jerusalem and Bethlehem . </P> <P> The site 's great significance for Muslims derives from traditions connecting it to the creation of the world and to the belief that the Prophet Muhammad 's Night Journey to heaven started from the rock at the center of the structure . </P> <P> In Jewish tradition the rock bears great significance as the Foundation Stone , the place from which the world expanded into its present form and where God gathered the dust used to create the first human , Adam ; as the site on Mount Moriah where Abraham attempted to sacrifice his son ; and as the place where God 's divine presence is manifested more than in any other place , towards which Jews turn during prayer . </P> <P> A UNESCO World Heritage Site , it has been called `` Jerusalem 's most recognizable landmark , '' along with two nearby Old City structures , the Western Wall , and the `` Resurrection Rotunda '' in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Pre-Islamic </Li> <Li> 1.2 Original construction </Li> <Li> 1.3 Abbasids and Fatimids </Li> <Li> 1.4 Crusaders </Li> <Li> 1.5 Ayyubids and Mamluks </Li> <Li> 1.6 Ottoman Empire ( 1517 -- 1917 ) </Li> <Li> 1.7 Modern history </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Accessibility </Li> <Li> 3 Religious significance </Li> <Li> 4 Architectural homages </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 Notes </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 Further reading </Li> <Li> 9 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History </H2> <H3> Pre-islamic </H3> Main articles : Temple Mount , Herod 's Temple , and Aelia Capitolina Reconstruction of Herod 's Temple as seen from the east ( Holyland Model of Jerusalem , 1966 ) <P> The Dome of the Rock is situated in the center of the Temple Mount , the site of the Temple of Solomon and the Jewish Second Temple , which had been greatly expanded under Herod the Great in the 1st century BCE . Herod 's Temple was destroyed in 70 CE by the Romans , and after the Bar Kokhba revolt in 135 CE , a Roman temple to Jupiter Capitolinus was built at the site . </P> <P> Jerusalem was ruled by the Christian Byzantine Empire throughout the 4th to 6th centuries . During this time , Christian pilgrimage to Jerusalem began to develop . The Church of the Holy Sepulchre was built under Constantine in the 320s , but the Temple Mount was left undeveloped after a failed project of restoration of the Jewish Temple under Julian the Apostate . </P> <H3> Original construction </H3> <P> The Dome of the Rock is now mostly assumed to have been built by the order of Umayyad Caliph Abd al - Malik and his son and successor Al - Walid I . According to Sibt ibn al - Jawzi , construction started in 687 . Construction cost was reportedly seven times the yearly tax income of Egypt . A dedicatory inscription in Kufic script is preserved inside the dome . The date is recorded as AH 72 ( 691 / 2 CE ) , the year historians believe the construction of the original Dome was completed . In this inscription , the name of al - Malik was deleted and replaced by the name of Abbasid caliph Al - Ma'mun . This alteration of the original inscription was first noted by Melchior de Vogüé in 1864 . Some scholars have suggested that the dome was added to an existing building , built either by Muawiyah I ( r . 661 -- 680 ) , or indeed a Byzantine building dating to before the Muslim conquest , built under Heraclius ( r . 610 -- 641 ) . </P> <P> Its architecture and mosaics were patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces . The two engineers in charge of the project were Raja ibn Haywah , a Muslim theologian from Beit She'an and Yazid Ibn Salam , a non-Arab who was Muslim and a native of Jerusalem . </P> Cross section of the Dome ( print from 1887 , after the first detailed drawings of the Dome , made by Frederick Catherwood in 1833 ) . <P> Shelomo Dov Goitein of the Hebrew University has argued that the Dome of the Rock was intended to compete with the many fine buildings of worship of other religions : `` The very form of a rotunda , given to the Qubbat as - Sakhra , although it was foreign to Islam , was destined to rival the many Christian domes . '' K.A.C. Creswell in his book The Origin of the Plan of the Dome of the Rock notes that those who built the shrine used the measurements of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre . The diameter of the dome of the shrine is 20.20 m ( 66.3 ft ) and its height 20.48 m ( 67.2 ft ) , while the diameter of the dome of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre is 20.90 m ( 68.6 ft ) and its height 21.05 m ( 69.1 ft ) . </P> <P> The structure was basically octagonal . It comprised a wooden dome , approximately 20 m ( 66 ft ) in diameter , which was mounted on an elevated drum consisting of a circle of 16 piers and columns . Surrounding this circle was an octagonal arcade of 24 piers and columns . </P> <H3> Abbasids and fatimids </H3> <P> The building was severely damaged by earthquakes in 808 and again in 846 . The dome collapsed in an earthquake in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022 -- 23 . The mosaics on the drum were repaired in 1027 -- 28 . </P> <H3> Crusaders </H3> Main article : Templum Domini Depiction of the Templum Domini on the reverse side of the seal of the Knights Templar <P> For centuries Christian pilgrims were able to come and experience the Temple Mount , but escalating violence against pilgrims to Jerusalem ( Al - Hakim bi-Amr Allah , who ordered the destruction of the Holy Sepulchre , was an example ) instigated the Crusades . The Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099 and the Dome of the Rock was given to the Augustinians , who turned it into a church , while the Al - Aqsa Mosque became a royal palace . The Knights Templar , active from c. 1119 , identified the Dome of the Rock as the site of the Temple of Solomon and set up their headquarters in the Al - Aqsa Mosque adjacent to the Dome for much of the 12th century . The Templum Domini , as they called the Dome of the Rock , featured on the official seals of the Order 's Grand Masters ( such as Everard des Barres and Renaud de Vichiers ) , and soon became the architectural model for round Templar churches across Europe . </P> <H3> Ayyubids and mamluks </H3> <P> Jerusalem was recaptured by Saladin on 2 October 1187 , and the Dome of the Rock was reconsecrated as a Muslim shrine . The cross on top of the dome was replaced by a crescent , and a wooden screen was placed around the rock below . Saladin 's nephew al - Malik al - Mu'azzam Isa carried out other restorations within the building , and added the porch to the Al - Aqsa Mosque . </P> <P> The Dome of the Rock was the focus of extensive royal patronage by the sultans during the Mamluk period , which lasted from 1250 until 1510 . </P> <H3> Ottoman Empire ( 1517 -- 1917 ) </H3> <P> During the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent ( 1520 -- 1566 ) the exterior of the Dome of the Rock was covered with tiles . This work took seven years . </P> <P> The interior of the dome is lavishly decorated with mosaic , faience and marble , much of which was added several centuries after its completion . It also contains Qur'anic inscriptions . Surah Ya Sin ( the `` Heart of the Quran '' ) is inscribed across the top of the tile work and was commissioned in the 16th century by Suleiman the Magnificent . Al - Isra , the Surah 17 which tells the story of the Isra or Night Journey , is inscribed above this . </P> <P> Adjacent to the Dome of the Rock , the Ottomans built the free - standing Dome of the Prophet in 1620 . Large - scale renovation was undertaken during the reign of Mahmud II in 1817 . </P> <P> In a major restoration project undertaken in 1874 -- 75 during the reign of the Ottoman Sultan Abdülaziz , all the tiles on the west and southwest walls of the octagonal part of the building were removed and replaced by copies that had been made in Turkey . </P> <Ul> <Li> <P> The first - ever photograph of the building , 1842 -- 44 </P> </Li> <Li> <P> View from the north , Francis Bedford ( 1862 )

The Dome of the Rock was completed in

When was the dome of the rock completed?

2126076681176051358

List of highest mountains of Tasmania - Wikipedia <H1> List of highest mountains of Tasmania </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <P> The Australian island state of Tasmania has a diverse range of geography but a prominent feature is the mountains of the island . Overall Tasmania is comparatively low - lying with the highest point at 1,617 metres ( 5,305 ft ) . Tasmania has ten peaks over the height of 1,500 metres ( 4,921 ft ) . With thirty peaks higher than 1,200 metres ( 3,937 ft ) , it is one of the most mountainous islands in the world , and Tasmania is Australia 's most mountainous state . </P> <P> The majority of the mountain peaks of Tasmania are located in the Western half of the state , starting at the coast in the South West and extending inland to the north , or in the Central Highlands . </P> <P> Tasmania 's mountains were part of an ancient range of volcanic peaks from the period of Gondwana , and are the source of a large portion of Tasmania 's wealth in the form of mining . Although the eastern half of the state is generally lower and flatter , there are still sizeable peaks located there , such as Mt Wellington . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Notable peaks </Li> <Li> 2 Historical peaks </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 Notes </Li> <Li> 5 Further reading </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Notable peaks ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Map all coordinates using : OpenStreetMap Google Maps </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Download coordinates as : KML GPX </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The following notable mountain peaks in Tasmania range in heights from 1,200 to 1,600 metres ( 3,937 to 5,249 ft ) above sea level . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Rank </Th> <Th> Name </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Altitude AHD </Th> <Th> Location </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Prominence </Th> <Th> Range </Th> <Th> Parent </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> m </Th> <Th> ft </Th> <Th> m </Th> <Th> ft </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> 1,617 </Td> <Td> 5,305 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 52 ′ 12 '' S 146 ° 01 ′ 48 '' E  /  41.87000 ° S 146.03000 ° E  / - 41.87000 ; 146.03000  ( Mount Ossa ) </Td> <Td> 1,617 </Td> <Td> 5,305 </Td> <Td> Pelion </Td> <Td> n / a </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> 1,572 </Td> <Td> 5,157 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 31 ′ 48 '' S 147 ° 39 ′ 00 '' E  /  41.53000 ° S 147.65000 ° E  / - 41.53000 ; 147.65000  ( Legges Tor ) </Td> <Td> 1,303 </Td> <Td> 4,275 </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> n / a </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Giblin Peak </Td> <Td> 1,569 </Td> <Td> 5,148 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 31 ′ 48 '' S 147 ° 39 ′ 00 '' E  /  41.53000 ° S 147.65000 ° E  / - 41.53000 ; 147.65000  ( Giblin Peak ) </Td> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> 30 </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Mount Pelion West </Td> <Td> 1,560 </Td> <Td> 5,118 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 49 ′ 48 '' S 145 ° 58 ′ 12 '' E  /  41.83000 ° S 145.97000 ° E  / - 41.83000 ; 145.97000  ( Mount Pelion West ) </Td> <Td> 469 </Td> <Td> 1,539 </Td> <Td> Pelion </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> Barn Bluff </Td> <Td> 1,559 </Td> <Td> 5,115 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 43 ′ 12 '' S 145 ° 55 ′ 12 '' E  /  41.72000 ° S 145.92000 ° E  / - 41.72000 ; 145.92000  ( Barn Bluff ) </Td> <Td> 622 </Td> <Td> 2,041 </Td> <Td> Cradle Cirque -- Bluff Cirque </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> Cradle Mountain </Td> <Td> 1,545 </Td> <Td> 5,069 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 40 ′ 48 '' S 145 ° 56 ′ 24 '' E  /  41.68000 ° S 145.94000 ° E  / - 41.68000 ; 145.94000  ( Cradle Mountain ) </Td> <Td> 355 </Td> <Td> 1,165 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> Markham Heights </Td> <Td> 1,542 </Td> <Td> 5,059 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 30 ′ 36 '' S 147 ° 39 ′ 00 '' E  /  41.51000 ° S 147.65000 ° E  / - 41.51000 ; 147.65000  ( Markham Heights ) </Td> <Td> 52 </Td> <Td> 171 </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> Hamilton Crags </Td> <Td> 1,538 </Td> <Td> 5,046 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 98 </Td> <Td> 322 </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> Smithies Peak </Td> <Td> 1,527 </Td> <Td> 5,010 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 40 ′ 48 '' S 145 ° 57 ′ 00 '' E  /  41.68000 ° S 145.95000 ° E  / - 41.68000 ; 145.95000  ( Smithies Peak ) </Td> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> 56 </Td> <Td> Cradle Cirque -- Bluff Cirque </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Stacks Bluff </Td> <Td> 1,527 </Td> <Td> 5,010 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 37 ′ 12 '' S 147 ° 40 ′ 48 '' E  /  41.62000 ° S 147.68000 ° E  / - 41.62000 ; 147.68000  ( Stacks Bluff ) </Td> <Td> 208 </Td> <Td> 682 </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> Du Cane Range ( unnamed peak ) </Td> <Td> 1,520 </Td> <Td> 4,987 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 56 ′ 24 '' S 146 ° 02 ′ 24 '' E  /  41.94000 ° S 146.04000 ° E  / - 41.94000 ; 146.04000  ( Du Cane Range ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> Mount Geryon North </Td> <Td> 1,516 </Td> <Td> 4,974 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 55 ′ 12 '' S 146 ° 03 ′ 00 '' E  /  41.92000 ° S 146.05000 ° E  / - 41.92000 ; 146.05000  ( Mount Geryon ) </Td> <Td> 580 </Td> <Td> 1,903 </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> Mount Massif </Td> <Td> 1,514 </Td> <Td> 4,967 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 54 ′ 00 '' S 146 ° 02 ′ 24 '' E  /  41.90000 ° S 146.04000 ° E  / - 41.90000 ; 146.04000  ( Mount Massif ) </Td> <Td> 204 </Td> <Td> 669 </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> Misery Bluff </Td> <Td> 1,510 </Td> <Td> 4,954 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> Mount Geryon South </Td> <Td> 1,509 </Td> <Td> 4,951 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 55 ′ 12 '' S 146 ° 03 ′ 00 '' E  /  41.92000 ° S 146.05000 ° E  / - 41.92000 ; 146.05000  ( Mount Geryon ) </Td> <Td> 39 </Td> <Td> 128 </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> King Davids Peak </Td> <Td> 1,499 </Td> <Td> 4,918 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 48 ′ 36 '' S 146 ° 16 ′ 48 '' E  /  41.81000 ° S 146.28000 ° E  / - 41.81000 ; 146.28000  ( King Davids Peak ) </Td> <Td> 449 </Td> <Td> 1,473 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> Ossian 's Throne </Td> <Td> 1,498 </Td> <Td> 4,915 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Coalmine Crag </Td> <Td> 1,498 </Td> <Td> 4,915 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 19 </Td> <Td> Mount Gould </Td> <Td> 1,485 </Td> <Td> 4,872 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 58 ′ 12 '' S 146 ° 02 ′ 24 '' E  /  41.97000 ° S 146.04000 ° E  / - 41.97000 ; 146.04000  ( Mount Gould ) </Td> <Td> 355 </Td> <Td> 1,165 </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> Castle Crag </Td> <Td> 1,482 </Td> <Td> 4,862 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 54 ′ 36 '' S 146 ° 05 ′ 24 '' E  /  41.91000 ° S 146.09000 ° E  / - 41.91000 ; 146.09000  ( Castle Crag ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Mount Thetis </Td> <Td> 1,482 </Td> <Td> 4,862 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 51 ′ 36 '' S 145 ° 59 ′ 24 '' E  /  41.86000 ° S 145.99000 ° E  / - 41.86000 ; 145.99000  ( Mount Thetis ) </Td> <Td> 285 </Td> <Td> 935 </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> The Acropolis </Td> <Td> 1,481 </Td> <Td> 4,859 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 55 ′ 48 '' S 146 ° 03 ′ 36 '' E  /  41.93000 ° S 146.06000 ° E  / - 41.93000 ; 146.06000  ( The Acropolis ) </Td> <Td> 171 </Td> <Td> 561 </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> Mount Hyperion </Td> <Td> 1,480 </Td> <Td> 4,856 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 54 ′ 35 '' S 146 ° 01 ′ 47 '' E  /  41.90972 ° S 146.02972 ° E  / - 41.90972 ; 146.02972  ( The Acropolis ) </Td> <Td> 170 </Td> <Td> 558 </Td> <Td> Du Cane </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> Magnet Crag </Td> <Td> 1,464 </Td> <Td> 4,803 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 32 ′ 59 '' S 147 ° 37 ′ 48 '' E  /  41.54972 ° S 147.63000 ° E  / - 41.54972 ; 147.63000  ( Magnet Crag ) </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Ben Lomond </Td> <Td> Legges Tor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 25 </Td> <Td> Mount Pelion East </Td> <Td> 1,461 </Td> <Td> 4,793 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 51 ′ 00 '' S 146 ° 03 ′ 36 '' E  /  41.85000 ° S 146.06000 ° E  / - 41.85000 ; 146.06000  ( Mount Pelion East ) </Td> <Td> 335 </Td> <Td> 1,099 </Td> <Td> Pelion </Td> <Td> Mount Ossa </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 26 </Td> <Td> Mount Jerusalem </Td> <Td> 1,459 </Td> <Td> 4,787 </Td> <Td> 41 ° 49 ′ 12 '' S 146 ° 19 ′ 12 '' E  /  41.82000 ° S 146.32000 ° E  / - 41.82000 ; 146.32000  ( Mount Jerusalem ) </Td> <Td> 166 </Td> <Td> 545 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> Mount Olympus East - Peak ( Tasmania ) </Td> <Td> 1,449 </Td> <Td> 4,754 </Td> <Td> 42 ° 02 ′ 43 '' S 146 ° 07 ′ 05 '' E  /  42.04528 ° S 146.11806 ° E  / - 42.04528 ; 146.11806  ( Mount Olympus ) </Td> <Td> 109 </Td> <Td> 358 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Clumner Bluff </Td> <Td> 1,449 </Td> <Td> 4,754 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 29 </Td> <Td> Mount Gell </Td> <Td> 1,447 </Td> <Td>

The abbreviated name of the highest peak in Tasmania is

Abbreviated name of the highest peak in tasmania?

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Yakety Yak - wikipedia <H1> Yakety Yak </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the song . For other uses , see Yakety Yak ( disambiguation ) . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` Yakety Yak '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> A-side label of the U.S. vinyl single </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by The Coasters </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> B - side </Th> <Td> `` Zing ! Went the Strings of My Heart '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> April 1958 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Format </Th> <Td> 45 rpm , 78 rpm </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Recorded </Th> <Td> March 17 , 1958 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Rock and roll </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 1 : 52 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Atco 6116 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Jerry Leiber , Mike Stoller </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Jerry Leiber , Mike Stoller </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> The Coasters singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Gee , Golly '' ( 1958 ) </Td> <Td> `` Yakety Yak '' ( 1958 ) </Td> <Td> `` The Shadow Knows '' ( 1958 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Gee , Golly '' ( 1958 ) </Td> <Td> `` Yakety Yak '' ( 1958 ) </Td> <Td> `` The Shadow Knows '' ( 1958 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> `` Yakety Yak '' is a song written , produced , and arranged by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller for The Coasters and released on Atlantic Records in 1958 , spending seven weeks as # 1 on the R&B charts and a week as number one on the Top 100 pop list . This song was one of a string of singles released by The Coasters between 1957 and 1959 that dominated the charts , one of the biggest performing acts of the rock and roll era . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Song </Li> <Li> 2 Popular culture </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Song ( edit ) </H2> <P> The song is a `` playlet , '' a word Stoller used for the glimpses into teenage life that characterized the songs Leiber and Stoller wrote and produced . The lyrics describe the listing of household chores to a kid , presumably a teenager , the teenager 's response ( `` yakety yak '' ) and the parents ' retort ( `` do n't talk back '' ) -- an experience very familiar to a middle - class teenager of the day . Leiber has said the Coasters portrayed `` a white kid 's view of a black person 's conception of white society . '' The serio - comic street - smart `` playlets '' etched out by the songwriters were sung by the Coasters with a sly clowning humor , while the saxophone of King Curtis filled in , in the up - tempo doo - wop style . The group was openly `` theatrical '' in style -- they were not pretending to be expressing their own experience . </P> <P> The threatened punishment for not taking out the garbage and sweeping the floor is , in the song 's humorous lyrics : </P> <Dl> <Dd> `` You ai n't gon na rock and roll no more , '' </Dd> </Dl> <P> And the refrain is : </P> <Dl> <Dd> `` Yakety yak ; do n't talk back . '' </Dd> </Dl> <H2> Popular culture ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Québécois duo Les Jérolas recorded in 1959 a French version `` Rouspet ' pas '' </Li> <Li> The sax solo by King Curtis inspired the 1963 Boots Randolph song `` Yakety Sax '' </Li> <Li> Sha Na Na performed this as part of their set at the original Woodstock Festival and recorded 2 live covers of the song in 1971 and 1972 </Li> <Li> The song was covered by Jan & Dean and was planned to be released on their album Carnival of Sound in 1968 . Carnival of Sound was not released until 2010 . </Li> <Li> Lee Perry released a cover version in 1969 ( as Lee Perry and the Upsetters ) , altering the lyric `` You ai n't gon na rock and roll no more '' to `` You ai n't gon na reggae reggae reggae no more '' </Li> <Li> The Pipkins covered their song in 1970 , produced by John Burgess . </Li> <Li> Electronic / disco group El Coco covered this song in 1975 with some comedy elements , taken from their debut album , Mondo Disco , released on AVI Records . </Li> <Li> Vince Vance & The Valiants , one of multiple groups parodying Barbara Ann as `` Bomb Iran '' in 1980 , created a similarly themed 2005 parody called `` Yakety Yak ( Bomb Iraq ) '' . </Li> <Li> Stand by Me , the 1986 classic coming of age drama included `` Yakety Yak '' on its iconic soundtrack . </Li> <Li> The song has also been mixed & recorded by 2 Live Crew for the 1988 movie Twins . In the same film , Julius ( Arnold Schwarzenegger ) sings along , with hilarious results , as the song plays in his earphones while flying to the United States . </Li> <Li> The song is sung by the Coasters in the 1988 horror - comedy Phantom of the Ritz which the four - man group makes a cameo appearance . </Li> <Li> It has also served as the theme to Clive Anderson 's chat - show Clive Anderson Talks Back during the 1990s , and as the opening theme of the 1988 movie The Great Outdoors . </Li> <Li> It was the inspiration and theme song for the 2002 - 2003 Canadian / Australian animated series , Yakkity Yak . </Li> <Li> A modified version , `` Yakety Yak , Take it Back '' , was used in a 1990 all - star PSA for the Take It Back Foundation . </Li> <Li> A music video starring Plucky Duck as the kid tasked with chores , and a group of anthropomorphic yaks in police officer suits , aired on the 90th episode of Tiny Toon Adventures and used in The Plucky Duck Show . </Li> <Li> The song was parodied for use in adverts for Radox bath soak and McCain Micro Chips in the 1980s and 1990s respectively . </Li> <Li> The song name was used for the code name of Ubuntu 16.10 , a Linux operating system with its versions all named after animals . </Li> <Li> Phantom Planet covered this song for the soundtrack of the 1999 film Mumford . </Li> </Ul> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> List of number - one R&B singles of 1958 ( U.S. ) </Li> <Li> List of number - one singles of 1958 ( U.S. ) </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Whitburn , Joel ( 2004 ) . Top R&B / Hip - Hop Singles : 1942 - 2004 . Record Research . p. 125 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` The Coasters '' . Rock Hall of Fame . Archived from the original on 2006 - 10 - 17 . Retrieved 2006 - 11 - 08 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Anthony DeCurtis , & James Henke ( eds ) ( 1980 ) . The RollingStone : The Definitive History of the Most Important Artists and Their Music ( ( 3rd Ed . ) ed . ) . New York , N.Y. : Random House , Inc. p. 98 . ISBN 0 - 679 - 73728 - 6 . CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Matos , Michaelangelo ( April 13 , 2005 ) . `` Yakety Yak '' . Seattle Weekly . Retrieved 2006 - 11 - 08 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Friedlander , Paul ( 1996 ) . Rock and Roll : A social history . Boulder , CO : Westview Press ( Harper Collins ) . p. 66 . ISBN 0 - 8133 - 2725 - 3 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Leiber & Stoller interviewed on the Pop Chronicles ( 1969 ) </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Boots Randolph , Boots Randolph 's Yakety Sax ! Retrieved February 6 , 2015 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Show Band that Would n't Die '' . Houston Press , June 30 , 2005 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Great Outdoors ( 1988 ) - Soundtracks '' . IMDb . Retrieved 2009 - 03 - 13 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Yakkity Yak Intro . YouTube . January 12 , 2011 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` ' Yakety Yak -- Take It Back ! ' Music Video '' . Take It Back Foundation . Retrieved 2012 - 02 - 08 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Mark Shuttleworth '' Blog Archive '' Y is for ... `` . www.markshuttleworth.com . Retrieved 2016 - 11 - 02 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> The Coasters </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> Carl Gardner </Li> <Li> Billy Guy </Li> <Li> Bobby Nunn </Li> <Li> Leon Hughes </Li> <Li> Adolph Jacobs </Li> <Li> Young Jessie </Li> <Li> Cornell Gunter </Li> <Li> Will `` Dub '' Jones </Li> <Li> Vernon Harrell </Li> <Li> Earl `` Speedo '' Carroll </Li> <Li> Ronnie Bright </Li> <Li> Jimmy Norman </Li> <Li> Thomas `` Curly '' Palmer </Li> <Li> Albert `` Sonny '' Forriest </Li> <Li> Alvin Morse </Li> <Li> Carl Gardner Jr </Li> <Li> J.W. Lance </Li> <Li> Primotivo Candelara </Li> <Li> Eddie Whitfield </Li> <Li> Dennis Anderson </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Studio albums </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> The Coasters </Li> <Li> The Coasters One By One </Li> <Li> Coast Along with The Coasters </Li> <Li> It Ai n't Sanitary ( with Billy Guy ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Other albums </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> The Coasters ' Greatest Hits </Li> <Li> Greatest Hits </Li> <Li> That Is Rock & Roll </Li> <Li> All Time Greatest Hits </Li> <Li> Their Greatest Recordings : The Early Years </Li> <Li> The Coasters On Broadway </Li> <Li> This Is the Coasters </Li> <Li> The World Famous Coasters </Li> <Li> 20 Great Originals </Li> <Li> 16 Greatest Hits </Li> <Li> What Is the Secret of Your Success ? </Li> <Li> Young Blood </Li> <Li> The Ultimate Coasters </Li> <Li> 20 Greatest Hits </Li> <Li> The Greatest Hits </Li> <Li> 50 Coastin ' Classics : Anthology </Li> <Li> The Very Best of the Coasters </Li> <Li> Golden Hits </Li> <Li> Great </Li> <Li> Yakety Yak & Other Favorites </Li> <Li> All Our Best </Li> <Li> The Best of the Coasters </Li> <Li> Yakety Yak : The Platinum Collection </Li> <Li> The Definitive Soul : The Coasters </Li> <Li> There 's a Riot Goin ' On : The Coasters on Atco </Li> <Li> Only the Best of the Coasters </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Singles </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> `` Down in Mexico '' </Li> <Li> `` One Kiss Led to Another '' </Li> <Li> `` Young Blood '' </Li> <Li> `` Idol With The Golden Head '' </Li> <Li> `` Sweet Georgia Brown '' </Li> <Li> `` Gee , Golly '' </Li> <Li> `` Yakety Yak '' </Li> <Li> `` The Shadow Knows '' </Li> <Li> `` Charlie Brown '' </Li> <Li> `` Along Came Jones '' </Li> <Li> `` Poison Ivy '' </Li> <Li> `` What About Us '' </Li> <Li> `` Besame Mucho ( Part I ) '' </Li> <Li> `` Wake Me , Shake Me '' </Li> <Li> `` Shoppin ' for Clothes ''

The song "Yakety Yak Don't Talk Back" was written by

Who wrote yakkity yak don't talk back?

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with is Agnes , who , after the show finishes , takes revenge on Jenny by drugging her and leaving her in a bar to be taken advantage of . Nate rescues Jenny before anything happens to her . Because of this , Jenny 's feelings for Nate reawaken and she aspires to win him over . She tries to kiss him but he resists her advances because he sees her only as a friend and because he is dating Serena . Jenny attempts to sabotage Serena and Nate 's relationship by lying to Serena and implying to Nate that she is having an affair with Carter Baizen . Jenny 's attempts fail , and her relationship with both is left tenuous after Nate kicks her out of his apartment . </P> <P> At a gala event where Serena 's recently returned father William Van Der Woodsen is making a speech , a former client of Damien 's approaches Jenny , angrily telling her the drugs she sold her ( Lily 's cancer medication ) gave her a yeast infection . Rufus overhears this and grounds Jenny to the Humphrey apartment in Brooklyn . During her punishment , Jenny researches Lily 's medicine and tells Chuck there is something very wrong with the medication Serena 's father is prescribing her . It is discovered that William has lied to Lily about her condition and been giving her drugs that make her sick in a plot to win her back from Rufus . Seeing an opportunity to break up Rufus and Lily and return her family to the way it was before , Jenny attempts to sabotage Blair , Chuck , and Nate 's plan to unveil William 's deception . When William is about to be held accountable , she quickly runs to William and warns him , telling him the police are coming to get him , and urges him to escape . Back at the van der Woodsen penthouse she reveals that she warned William and says she wishes her family could go back to normal : `` When I lived in Brooklyn , I may have had to ride the subway to school , and make my own clothes , but at least our family was happy '' . Rufus says the only thing that needs to return to normal is Jenny . Eric is hurt by Jenny 's attempt to leave the family , and says that if she wants out , no one is forcing her to stay . </P> <P> Jenny hits rock bottom after sending Gossip Girl a picture of Dan and Serena in bed together , jeopardizing Dan and Nate 's friendship , Dan and Vanessa 's relationship , and breaking up Nate and Serena 's relationship . Blair confronts Jenny , telling her , `` Nate loves Serena , Dan loves Vanessa -- God knows why -- and Chuck loves me . But you , Jenny ? No one loves you except your daddy . And after what you pulled yesterday , who knows if that 's even true anymore ? '' Emotionally distressed , Jenny goes to Nate 's apartment but instead finds Chuck devastated over his break - up with Blair and in her state of vulnerability , Jenny loses her virginity to Chuck . Afterward , Blair arrives willing to take Chuck back and Jenny sneaks out . She breaks down in tears to Eric , telling him that everyone hates her and that she slept with Chuck . Eric tells Dan , who confronts Chuck just as he is about to propose to Blair . Jenny , in tears , leaves with Rufus and Lily . A week later , she says her goodbyes to her family and leaves to finish high school with her mother in Hudson . </P> <H3> Season 4 ( edit ) </H3> <P> Jenny has been living in Hudson with her mother since May . Blair finds Jenny preparing for an interview with Tim Gunn , and grants her a special day pass . When Chuck steals Jenny 's portfolio , she is forced to visit The Empire Hotel , where Blair had forbidden her to go . This results in Blair and Jenny scheming against each other , and Jenny eventually telling Gossip Girl that she lost her virginity to Chuck , not Damien Dalgaard . While Jenny is left feeling victorious , a defeated Blair blames Chuck . Jenny ultimately realises the damage of her return and decides to leave for good , telling Blair and Chuck that their vindictive games against each other will soon destroy them both . </P> <P> Juliet and Vanessa Skype Jenny , asking for help to take down Serena . Jenny does n't want to go back to her old tricks but also feels Serena is to blame for everything that happened last year and can never take blame for anything , so she agrees to help with the scheme . But when Serena ends up in the hospital after being drugged by Juliet , Jenny tells Juliet that she is going to come clean with everyone about their scheme . Juliet warns her that she will be going down alone . When Jenny appears at the hospital , Vanessa has already pinned the entire scheme on her ; unable to defend herself , she leaves , showing up at Blair 's later that night , telling her that Juliet was behind everything and that she and Vanessa were merely accomplices . To prove her story , she hands Blair Juliet 's masquerade mask and earns Blair 's forgiveness . After confessing to Blair , she says she would love to help her take down Juliet , but she should return to Hudson rather than become involved in another scheme . </P> <H3> Season 5 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In the premiere episode of season 5 , `` Yes , Then Zero , '' Rufus reveals that Jenny moved to London to attend Central Saint Martins . </P> <H3> Season 6 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In the final episode of the series , it is revealed that Jenny knew that her brother , Dan Humphrey , was the mysterious blogger behind Gossip Girl . She returns to the Upper East Side , appearing in the five - year time jump for her brother 's wedding to Serena van der Woodsen . Jenny works as a designer for Blair 's fashion empire , implying that they have gotten over their past animosity . Together they create their own clothing line , `` J for Waldorf '' . </P> <H2> Reception ( edit ) </H2> <P> Rumors have been made throughout Gossip Girl 's first few seasons that Jenny would be given her own spin - off , in line with the character leaving for boarding school just like the novels . News later confirmed that producers did not pick up the spin - off . </P> <P> Jenny 's character further gained prominence during the show 's third season . Enid Portugez of the LA Times praised Jenny 's fashionable skills , stating that `` Jenny capped off the drama by showing us she 's becoming extremely adept at becoming a drug dealer . Her brilliant idea to sew pills into jacket paillettes could have easily won her a `` Project Runway '' challenge ! Despite the illegality of it all , it was nice to see Jenny put her wit and wiles to use ... '' Following the dramatic events during the third season finale , Michael Ausiello praised both Leighton Meester and Taylor Momsen 's performance . L.J. Gibbs , from TV Fanatic , gave the episode a 3.5 rating star out of 5 , and said that he felt that Chuck being shot at the end of the episode was a very `` cheap move by the writers '' , and that the storyline involving Chuck and Jenny having sex was very `` unlikely '' . Mark O. Estes , from TV Overmind , had also praised Taylor Momsen 's performance in the episode and said that he `` wish that Jenny had of gotten her own spin - off '' , and questions that if her send - off in this episode means that the show 's writers have a `` Katherine Heigl '' situation on their hands `` . However , Jenny was included in TV Guide 's list of The Most Loathed TV Characters . </P> <P> When asked during a Vanity Fair interview if `` real '' girls could afford the looks from the show , costume designers Eric Daman and Meredith Markworth - Pollack commented on Jenny 's style and stated `` Of course ! Have fun with it like Jenny Humphrey does , and listen to your fashion sense . Go to a vintage or thrift store and have it tailored so it looks like Marc Jacobs ( ... ) but it 's all about individuality . '' </P> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Gossip Girl - Cast - Taylor Momsen '' . CWtv.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 06 - 11 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Pilot Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 04 - 21 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Thin Line Between Chuck and Nate Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 06 - 12 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Blair Bitch Project Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2009 - 12 - 13 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` All About My Brother Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 06 - 17 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Summer , Kind of Wonderful Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 10 - 24 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Serena Also Rises '' . TV.com . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Pret - a-Poor - J '' . TV.com . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` There Might be Blood Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Bonfire of the Vanity Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 07 - 30 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Magnificent Archibalds Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 07 - 30 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Goodbye Gossip Girl Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 06 - 15 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Dan de Fleurette Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2009 - 10 - 22 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 18 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` How to Succeed in Bassness Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2009 - 11 - 06 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 18 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` They Shoot Humphreys , Do n't They ? Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 06 - 27 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 18 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Last Days of Disco Stick Episode Recap '' . TV.com . Archived from the original on 2010 - 06 - 29 . Retrieved 2010 - 06 - 18 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Hurt Locket Episode Recap ''

Jenny returns to Gossip Girl in

When does jenny come back to gossip girl?

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Slaughter - House cases - wikipedia <H1> Slaughter - House cases </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Slaughter - House Cases </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Supreme Court of the United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Argued January 11 , 1872 Reargued February 3 -- 5 , 1873 Decided April 14 , 1873 </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Full case name </Th> <Td> The Butchers ' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v . The Crescent City Live - Stock Landing and Slaughter - House Company ; Paul Esteben , L. Ruch , J.P. Rouede , W. Maylie , S. Firmberg , B. Beaubay , William Fagan , J.D. Broderick , N. Seibel , M. Lannes , J. Gitzinger , J.P. Aycock , D. Verges , The Live - Stock Dealers ' and Butchers ' Association of New Orleans , and Charles Cavaroc v . The State of Louisiana , ex rel . S. Belden , Attorney - General ; The Butchers ' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v . The Crescent City Live - Stock Landing and Slaughter - House Company </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Citations </Th> <Td> 83 U.S. 36 ( more ) 16 Wall . 36 ; 21 L. Ed . 394 ; 1872 U.S. LEXIS 1139 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Prior history </Th> <Td> Error to the Supreme Court of Louisiana </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Holding </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> The Fourteenth Amendment protects the privileges and immunities of citizenship of the United States , not privileges and immunities of citizenship of a state . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Court membership </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Dl> <Dt> Chief Justice </Dt> <Dd> Salmon P. Chase </Dd> <Dt> Associate Justices </Dt> <Dd> Nathan Clifford Noah H. Swayne Samuel F. Miller David Davis Stephen J. Field William Strong Joseph P. Bradley Ward Hunt </Dd> </Dl> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Case opinions </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Majority </Th> <Td> Miller , joined by Clifford , Strong , Hunt , Davis </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dissent </Th> <Td> Field , joined by Chase , Swayne , Bradley </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dissent </Th> <Td> Bradley </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dissent </Th> <Td> Swayne </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Laws applied </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> U.S. Const . Art . IV . sec. 2 , 13th , 14th , 15th Amendments </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Slaughter - House Cases , 83 U.S. ( 16 Wall . ) 36 ( 1873 ) , was the first United States Supreme Court interpretation of the U.S. Constitution 's Fourteenth Amendment which had recently been enacted . It was a pivotal case in early civil rights law and held that the Fourteenth Amendment protects the privileges or immunities of citizenship of the United States , not privileges and immunities of citizenship of a state . However , as the federal rights of citizenship were then few , such as the right to travel between states and to use navigable rivers ; the amendment did not protect the far broader range of rights covered by state citizenship . In effect , the amendment was interpreted to convey limited protection pertinent to a small minority of rights . </P> <P> The decision consolidated three similar cases : </P> <Ul> <Li> The Butchers ' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v . The Crescent City Live - Stock Landing and Slaughter - House Company </Li> <Li> Paul Esteben , L. Ruch , J.P. Rouede , W. Maylie , S. Firmberg , B. Beaubay , William Fagan , J.D. Broderick , N. Seibel , M. Lannes , J. Gitzinger , J.P. Aycock , D. Verges , The Live - Stock Dealers ' and Butchers ' Association of New Orleans , and Charles Cavaroc v . The State of Louisiana , ex rel . S. Belden , Attorney - General </Li> <Li> The Butchers ' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v . The Crescent City Live - Stock Landing and Slaughter - House Company </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background </Li> <Li> 2 Decision </Li> <Li> 3 Subsequent developments </Li> <Li> 4 Criticism </Li> <Li> 5 Support </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 Sources </Li> <Li> 8 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <P> One writer described New Orleans in the mid-nineteenth century as plagued by `` intestines and portions of putrefied animal matter lodged ( around the drinking pipes ) '' whenever the tide from the Mississippi River was low ; the offal came from the city 's slaughterhouses . A mile and a half upstream from the city , 1,000 butchers gutted more than 300,000 animals per year . Animal entrails ( known as offal ) , dung , blood , and urine contaminated New Orleans 's drinking water , which was implicated in cholera outbreaks among the population . </P> <P> To try to control the problem , a New Orleans grand jury recommended that the slaughterhouses be moved south , but since many of the slaughterhouses were outside city limits , the grand jury 's recommendations carried no weight . The city appealed to the state legislature . As a result , in 1869 , the Louisiana legislature passed `` An Act to Protect the Health of the City of New Orleans , to Locate the Stock Landings and Slaughter Houses , and to incorporate the Crescent City Livestock Landing and Slaughter - House Company , '' which allowed the city of New Orleans to create a corporation that centralized all slaughterhouse operations in the city . At the time , New York City , San Francisco , Boston , Milwaukee , and Philadelphia had similar provisions to confine butchers to areas in order to keep offal from contaminating the water supply . </P> <P> The legislature chartered a private corporation , the Crescent City Live - Stock Landing and Slaughter - House Company , to run a Grand Slaughterhouse at the southern part of the city , opposite the Mississippi River . Crescent City would not slaughter beef itself but act as a franchise corporation , by renting out space to other butchers in the city for a fee , under a designated maximum . </P> <P> The statute also granted `` sole and exclusive privilege of conducting and carrying on the livestock landing and slaughterhouse business within the limits and privilege granted by the act , and that all such animals shall be landed at the stock landings and slaughtered at the slaughterhouses of the company , and nowhere else . Penalties are enacted for infractions of this provision , and prices fixed for the maximum charges of the company for each steamboat and for each animal landed '' . The exclusivity would last for a period of 25 years . All other slaughterhouses would be closed up , forcing butchers to slaughter within the operation set up by Crescent City . The statute forbade Crescent City from favoring one butcher over another by promising harsh penalties for refusal to sell space to any butcher . All animals on the premises would be inspected by an officer appointed by the governor of the state . </P> <P> Over 400 members of the Butchers ' Benevolent Association joined together to sue to stop Crescent City 's takeover of the slaughterhouse industry . In the background of his majority opinion , Supreme Court Justice Samuel Freeman Miller reiterated the concerns of the butchers : </P> <P> This statute is denounced ( by the butchers ) not only as creating a monopoly and conferring odious and exclusive privileges upon a small number of persons at the expense of the great body of the community of New Orleans , but it is asserted that it deprives a large and meritorious class of citizens -- the whole of the butchers of the city -- of the right to exercise their trade , the business to which they have been trained and on which they depend for the support of themselves and their families , and that the unrestricted exercise of the business of butchering is necessary to the daily subsistence of the population of the city . </P> John A. Campbell , attorney for the butchers <P> The lower courts had found in favor of Crescent City in all cases . </P> <P> Six cases were appealed to the Supreme Court . The butchers based their claims on the due process , privileges or immunities , and equal protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment , which had been ratified by the states five years earlier . It had been passed with the intention of protecting the civil rights of the millions of newly emancipated freedmen in the South , who had been granted citizenship in the United States . </P> <P> The butchers ' attorney , former Supreme Court Justice John Archibald Campbell , who had retired from the federal bench because of his Confederate loyalties , represented persons in a number of cases in New Orleans to obstruct Radical Reconstruction . Although the Fourteenth Amendment was passed mainly to protect the freedmen in the South , the language of Section 1 is not racially limited . Campbell used it to argue for a new , broad reading of the Fourteenth Amendment , in order to allow butchers of any race to `` sustain their lives through labor . '' </P> <H2> Decision ( edit ) </H2> <P> In a 5 -- 4 decision issued on April 14 , 1873 , by Justice Miller , the Court held to a narrow interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment and ruled that it did not restrict the police powers of the state . It held that the Fourteenth Amendment 's Privileges or Immunities Clause affected only rights of US citizenship , not state citizenship , so the butchers ' Fourteenth Amendment rights had not been violated . At the time , the Court viewed due process in a procedural light rather than substantively . The Court also held that the amendment was intended primarily to protect former slaves and so could not be broadly applied : </P> <P> We do not conceal from ourselves the great responsibility which this duty devolves upon us . No questions so far reaching and pervading in their consequences , so profoundly interesting to the people of this country , and so important in their bearing upon the relations of the United States and of the several States to each other , and to the citizens of the states and of the United States , have been before this court during the official life of any of its present members . We have given every opportunity for a full hearing at the bar ; we have discussed it freely and compared views among ourselves ; we have taken ample time for careful deliberation , and we now propose to announce the judgments which we have formed in the construction of those articles , so far as we have found them necessary to the decision of the cases before us , and beyond that we have neither the inclination nor the right to go . </P> -- Slaughterhouse Cases : 83 U.S. 36 , 67 ( 1873 ) <P> Also : </P> <P> The next observation is more important in view of the arguments of counsel in the present case . It is , that the distinction between citizenship of the United States and citizenship of a state is clearly recognized and established ... </P> <P> It is quite clear , then , that there is a citizenship of the United States , and a citizenship of a state , which are distinct from each other , and which depend upon different characteristics or circumstances in the individual . </P> We think this distinction and its explicit recognition in this Amendment of great weight in this argument , because the next paragraph of this same section , which is the one mainly relied on by the plaintiffs in error , speaks only of privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States , and does not speak of those of citizens of the several states . The argument , however , in

The butchers in the Slaughterhouse Cases lived in

Where did the butchers in the slaughterhouse cases live?

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Peripheral nervous system - wikipedia <H1> Peripheral nervous system </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Peripheral nervous system </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> The human nervous system . Blue is PNS ; yellow is CNS . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Acronym ( s ) </Th> <Td> PNS </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MeSH </Th> <Td> D017933 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TA </Th> <Td> A14. 2.00. 001 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FMA </Th> <Td> 9903 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The peripheral nervous system ( PNS ) is one of the two components of the nervous system , the other part is the central nervous system ( CNS ) . The PNS consists of the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord . The main function of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the limbs and organs , essentially serving as a relay between the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body . Unlike the CNS , the PNS is not protected by the vertebral column and skull , or by the blood -- brain barrier , which leaves it exposed to toxins and mechanical injuries . The peripheral nervous system is divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system . In the somatic nervous system , the cranial nerves are part of the PNS with the exception of the optic nerve ( cranial nerve II ) , along with the retina . The second cranial nerve is not a true peripheral nerve but a tract of the diencephalon . Cranial nerve ganglia originated in the CNS . However , the remaining ten cranial nerve axons extend beyond the brain and are therefore considered part of the PNS . The autonomic nervous system is an involuntary control of smooth muscle and glands . The connection between CNS and organs allows the system to be in two different functional states : sympathetic and parasympathetic . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Structure <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Somatic nervous system <Ul> <Li> 1.1. 1 Cervical spinal nerves ( C1 -- C4 ) </Li> <Li> 1.1. 2 Brachial plexus ( C5 -- T1 ) </Li> <Li> 1.1. 3 Lumbosacral plexus ( L1 -- Co1 ) </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 1.2 Autonomic nervous system <Ul> <Li> 1.2. 1 Sympathetic nervous system </Li> <Li> 1.2. 2 Parasympathetic nervous system </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Disease </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Structure ( edit ) </H2> <P> The peripheral nervous system is divided into the somatic nervous system , and the autonomic nervous system . The somatic nervous system is under voluntary control , and transmits signals from the brain to end organs such as muscle s . The sensory nervous system is part of the somatic nervous system and transmits signals from senses such as taste and touch ( including fine touch and gross touch ) to the spinal cord and brain . The autonomic nervous system is a ' self - regulating ' system which influences the function of organs outside voluntary control , such as the heart rate , or the functions of the digestive system . </P> <H3> Somatic nervous system ( edit ) </H3> See also : List of nerves of the human body <P> The somatic system includes the sensory nervous system and the somatosensory system and consists of sensory nerves and somatic nerves , and many nerves which hold both functions . </P> <P> In the head and neck , cranial nerve s carry somatosensory data . There are twelve cranial nerves , ten of which originate from the brainstem , and mainly control the functions of the anatomic structures of the head with some exceptions . The nuclei of the olfactory nerve and the optic nerve s lie in the forebrain and thalamus , respectively , and are thus not considered to be true cranial nerves . One unique cranial nerve is the vagus nerve , which receives sensory information from organs in the thorax and abdomen . The accessory nerve is responsible for innervating the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles , neither of which being exclusively in the head . </P> <P> For the rest of the body , spinal nerves are responsible for somatosensory information . These arise from the spinal cord . Usually these arise as a web ( `` plexus '' ) of interconnected nerves roots that arrange to form single nerves . These nerves control the functions of the rest of the body . In humans , there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves : 8 cervical , 12 thoracic , 5 lumbar , 5 sacral , and 1 coccygeal . These nerve roots are named according to the spinal vertebrata which they are adjacent to . In the cervical region , the spinal nerve roots come out above the corresponding vertebrae ( i.e. , nerve root between the skull and 1st cervical vertebrae is called spinal nerve C1 ) . From the thoracic region to the coccygeal region , the spinal nerve roots come out below the corresponding vertebrae . It is important to note that this method creates a problem when naming the spinal nerve root between C7 and T1 ( so it is called spinal nerve root C8 ) . In the lumbar and sacral region , the spinal nerve roots travel within the dural sac and they travel below the level of L2 as the cauda equina . </P> Cervical spinal nerves ( C1 -- C4 ) ( edit ) Further information : Cervical plexus <P> The first 4 cervical spinal nerves , C1 through C4 , split and recombine to produce a variety of nerves that serve the neck and back of head . </P> <P> Spinal nerve C1 is called the suboccipital nerve , which provides motor innervation to muscles at the base of the skull . C2 and C3 form many of the nerves of the neck , providing both sensory and motor control . These include the greater occipital nerve , which provides sensation to the back of the head , the lesser occipital nerve , which provides sensation to the area behind the ears , the greater auricular nerve and the lesser auricular nerve . </P> <P> The phrenic nerve is a nerve essential for our survival which arises from nerve roots C3 , C4 and C5 . It supplies the thoracic diaphragm , enabling breathing . If the spinal cord is transected above C3 , then spontaneous breathing is not possible . </P> Brachial plexus ( C5 -- T1 ) ( edit ) Further information : Brachial plexus <P> The last four cervical spinal nerves , C5 through C8 , and the first thoracic spinal nerve , T1 , combine to form the brachial plexus , or plexus brachialis , a tangled array of nerves , splitting , combining and recombining , to form the nerves that subserve the upper - limb and upper back . Although the brachial plexus may appear tangled , it is highly organized and predictable , with little variation between people . See brachial plexus injuries . </P> Lumbosacral plexus ( l1 -- co1 ) ( edit ) <P> The anterior divisions of the lumbar nerves , sacral nerves , and coccygeal nerve form the lumbosacral plexus , the first lumbar nerve being frequently joined by a branch from the twelfth thoracic . For descriptive purposes this plexus is usually divided into three parts : </P> <Ul> <Li> lumbar plexus </Li> <Li> sacral plexus </Li> <Li> pudendal plexus </Li> </Ul> <H3> Autonomic nervous system ( edit ) </H3> <P> The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary responses to regulate physiological functions . The brain and spinal cord from the central nervous system are connected with organs that have smooth muscle , such as the heart , bladder , and other cardiac , exocrine , and endocrine related organs , by ganglionic neurons . The most notable physiological effects from autonomic activity are pupil constriction and dilation , and salivation of saliva . The autonomic nervous system is always activated , but is either in the sympathetic or parasympathetic state . Depending on the situation , one state can overshadow the other , resulting in a release of different kinds of neurotransmitters . There is a lesser known division of the autonomic nervous system known as the enteric nervous system . Located only around the digestive tract , this system allows for local control without input from the sympathetic or the parasympathetic branches , though it can still receive and respond to signals from the rest of the body . The enteric system is responsible for various functions related to gastrointestinal system . </P> Sympathetic nervous system ( edit ) <P> The sympathetic system is activated during a `` fight or flight '' situation in which great mental stress or physical danger is encountered . Neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine , and epinephrine are released , which increases heart rate and blood flow in certain areas like muscle , while simultaneously decreasing activities of non-critical functions for survival , like digestion . The systems are independent to each other , which allows activation of certain parts of the body , while others remain rested . </P> Parasympathetic nervous system ( edit ) <P> Primarily using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine ( ACh ) as a mediator , the parasympathetic system allows the body to function in a `` rest and digest '' state . Consequently , when the parasympathetic system dominates the body , there are increases in salivation and activities in digestion , while heart rate and other sympathetic response decrease . Unlike the sympathetic system , humans have some voluntary controls in the parasympathetic system . The most prominent examples of this control are urination and defecation . </P> <H2> Disease ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Peripheral neuropathy <P> Diseases of the peripheral nervous system can be specific to one or more nerves , or affect the system as a whole . </P> <P> Any peripheral nerve or nerve root can be damaged , called a mononeuropathy . Such injuries can be because of injury or trauma , or compression . Compression of nerves can occur because of a tumour mass or injury . Alternatively , if a nerve is in an area with a fixed size it may be trapped if the other components increase in size , such as carpal tunnel syndrome and tarsal tunnel syndrome . Common symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include pain and numbness in the thumb , index and middle finger . In peripheral neuropathy , the function one or more nerves are damaged through a variety of means . Toxic damage may occur because of diabetes ( diabetic neuropathy ) , alcohol , heavy metals or other toxins ; some infections ; autoimmune and inflammatory conditions such as amyloidosis and sarcoidosis . Peripheral neuropathy is associated with a sensory loss in a `` glove and stocking '' distribution that begins at the peripheral and slowly progresses upwards , and may also be associated with acute and chronic pain . Peripheral neuropathy is not just limited to the somatosensory nerves , but the autonomic nervous system too ( autonomic neuropathy ) . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peripheral nervous system . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Ul> <Li> Classification of peripheral nerves </Li> <Li> Connective tissue in the peripheral nervous system </Li> <Li> Preferential motor reinnervation </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Alberts , Daniel ( 2012 ) . Dorland 's illustrated medical dictionary ( 32nd ed. ed . ) . Philadelphia , PA : Saunders / Elsevier . p. 1862 . ISBN 9781416062578 . CS1 maint : Extra text ( link ) </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Slide show : How your brain works - Mayo Clinic '' . mayoclinic.com . Retrieved 17 June 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Board

The function of the peripheral nervous system is

Explain the function of the peripheral nervous system?

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There 's a Riot Going On - wikipedia <H1> There 's a Riot Going On </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the similarly named album by Sly and the Family Stone , see There 's a Riot Goin ' On . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> There 's a Riot Going On </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Studio album by Yo La Tengo </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> March 16 , 2018 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 63 : 31 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Matador </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer </Th> <Td> Yo La Tengo </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Yo La Tengo chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Murder in the Second Degree ( 2016 ) Murder in the Second Degree 2016 </Td> <Td> There 's a Riot Going On ( 2018 ) There 's a Riot Going On2018 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Professional ratings </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Review scores </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Source </Th> <Th> Rating </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AllMusic </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> The Guardian </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> There 's a Riot Going On is the fifteenth full - length studio album by the American band Yo La Tengo , and was released through Matador Records on March 16 , 2018 . </P> <H2> Track listing ( edit ) </H2> <P> All tracks written by Yo La Tengo except Polynesia # 1 by Michael Hurley . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Vocals </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` You Are Here '' </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 5 : 43 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 . </Td> <Td> `` Shades of Blue '' </Td> <Td> Hubley </Td> <Td> 2 : 51 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` She May , She Might '' </Td> <Td> Kaplan </Td> <Td> 5 : 22 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` For You Too '' </Td> <Td> Kaplan </Td> <Td> 4 : 13 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Ashes '' </Td> <Td> Hubley </Td> <Td> 3 : 33 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Polynesia # 1 '' </Td> <Td> Hubley </Td> <Td> 2 : 26 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Dream Dream Away '' </Td> <Td> McNew </Td> <Td> 5 : 50 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` Shortwave '' </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 5 : 44 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Above the Sound '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Kaplan </Li> <Li> McNew </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 5 : 41 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 . </Td> <Td> `` Let 's Do It Wrong '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Kaplan </Li> <Li> Hubley </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 3 : 34 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 . </Td> <Td> `` What Chance Have I Got '' </Td> <Td> Hubley </Td> <Td> 3 : 06 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 . </Td> <Td> `` Esportes Casual '' </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1 : 26 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 . </Td> <Td> `` Forever '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Kaplan </Li> <Li> McNew </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 4 : 20 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 . </Td> <Td> `` Out of the Pool '' </Td> <Td> Kaplan </Td> <Td> 2 : 46 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 . </Td> <Td> `` Here You Are '' </Td> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Kaplan </Li> <Li> Hubley </Li> <Li> McNew </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> 6 : 56 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 63 : 31 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Charts ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2018 ) </Th> <Th> Peak position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Belgian Albums ( Ultratop Flanders ) </Th> <Td> 178 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> German Albums ( Offizielle Top 100 ) </Th> <Td> 63 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Scottish Albums ( OCC ) </Th> <Td> 21 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Spanish Albums ( PROMUSICAE ) </Th> <Td> 56 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Swiss Albums ( Schweizer Hitparade ) </Th> <Td> 47 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UK Albums ( OCC ) </Th> <Td> 60 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Billboard 200 </Th> <Td> 136 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Deming , Mark . `` Yo La Tengo - There 's a Riot Going On '' . Allmusic . Retrieved March 16 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Hann , Michael . `` Yo La Tengo : There 's a Riot Going On review -- blue sky doo - wop with a crunchy rock edge '' . The Guardian . Retrieved March 16 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Read Our Q&A With Yo La Tengo And Hear 4 Songs From Their New Album There 's A Riot Going On '' . Stereogum . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Soundblab reviews There 's a Riot Going On by Yo La Tengo on Matador Records '' . Soundblab . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Ultratop.be -- Yo La Tengo -- There 's a Riot Going On '' ( in Dutch ) . Hung Medien . Retrieved March 24 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Offiziellecharts.de -- Yo La Tengo -- There 's a Riot Going On '' ( in German ) . GfK Entertainment Charts . Retrieved March 23 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Official Scottish Albums Chart Top 100 '' . Official Charts Company . Retrieved March 24 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Top 100 Albumes -- Semana 12 : del 16.3. 2018 al 22.3. 2018 '' ( in Spanish ) . Productores de Música de España . Retrieved March 28 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Swisscharts.com -- Yo La Tengo -- There 's a Riot Going On '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved March 28 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Official Albums Chart Top 100 '' . Official Charts Company . Retrieved March 24 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Yo La Tengo Chart History ( Billboard 200 ) '' . Billboard . Retrieved March 27 , 2018 . </Li> </Ol> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Yo La Tengo </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> Georgia Hubley </Li> <Li> Ira Kaplan </Li> <Li> James McNew </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Dave Schramm </Li> <Li> Mike Lewis </Li> <Li> Dave Rick </Li> <Li> Stephan Wichnewski </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Studio albums </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Ride the Tiger </Li> <Li> New Wave Hot Dogs </Li> <Li> President Yo La Tengo </Li> <Li> Fakebook </Li> <Li> May I Sing with Me </Li> <Li> Painful </Li> <Li> Electr - O - Pura </Li> <Li> I Can Hear the Heart Beating as One </Li> <Li> And Then Nothing Turned Itself Inside - Out </Li> <Li> Summer Sun </Li> <Li> I Am Not Afraid of You and I Will Beat Your Ass </Li> <Li> Popular Songs </Li> <Li> Fade </Li> <Li> Stuff Like That There </Li> <Li> There 's a Riot Going On </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> EPs </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Today Is the Day ! </Li> <Li> Stupid Things </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Film scores </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> The Sounds of the Sounds of Science </Li> <Li> Adventureland </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Compilation albums </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Genius + Love = Yo La Tengo </Li> <Li> Prisoners of Love </Li> <Li> Yo La Tengo Is Murdering the Classics </Li> <Li> They Shoot , We Score </Li> <Li> Murder in the Second Degree </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Other albums </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Strange but True ( with Jad Fair ) </Li> <Li> Fuckbook ( as Condo Fucks ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Singles </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> `` You Can Have It All '' </Li> <Li> `` Saturday '' </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Related articles </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Discography </Li> <Li> Matador Records </Li> <Li> Dump </Li> <Li> WFMU </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=There%27s_a_Riot_Going_On&oldid=832869922 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> 2018 albums </Li> <Li> Matador Records albums </Li> <Li> Yo La Tengo albums </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> CS1 Spanish - language sources ( es ) </Li> <Li> Music infoboxes with deprecated parameters </Li> <Li> Articles with hAudio microformats </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> Add links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 28 March 2018 , at 12 : 45 . </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

Yo La Tengo's album "There's a Riot Going On" was released on

Yo la tengo theres a riot going on release date?

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of the Kree race , who play a significant role in Guardians of the Galaxy . The third season , which premiered on September 29 , 2015 , introduces the concept of the Secret Warriors , with new Inhuman characters inspired by the comic of the same name , as well as Life Model Decoys . The fourth season , which premiered on September 20 , 2016 , sees Robbie Reyes / Ghost Rider introduced to the MCU , and ties to the second season of Agent Carter and Doctor Strange . The fifth season premiered on December 1 , 2017 . </P> <P> In the first season , Samuel L. Jackson , Cobie Smulders , Maximiliano Hernández , Titus Welliver and Jaimie Alexander all reprise their roles as Nick Fury , Maria Hill , Jasper Sitwell , Felix Blake , and Sif , respectively , from previous MCU films and One - Shots . In the second season , Alexander and Smulders return , while Hayley Atwell , Neal McDonough , Kenneth Choi , and Henry Goodman also reprise their roles as Peggy Carter , Timothy `` Dum Dum '' Dugan , Jim Morita , and List , respectively , from previous MCU films . In the third season , William Sadler reprises his role as Matthew Ellis from the MCU films , and Powers Boothe recurs as his previously unnamed The Avengers character , Gideon Malick . </P> <H3> Marvel 's Agent Carter ( 2015 -- 16 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Agent Carter ( TV series ) <P> In 1946 , Peggy Carter must balance the routine office work she does for the Strategic Scientific Reserve while secretly assisting Howard Stark , who finds himself framed for supplying deadly weapons to enemies of the United States . Carter is assisted by Stark 's butler , Edwin Jarvis , to find those responsible and dispose of the weapons . Carter eventually moves from New York City to Los Angeles to deal with the threats of the new atomic age in the wake of World War II , gaining new friends , a new home and potential new love . </P> <P> By September 2013 , Marvel was developing a series inspired by the Agent Carter One - Shot , featuring Peggy Carter , and in January 2014 , the series was confirmed to be in development , with the script for a potential pilot to be written by Captain America : The First Avenger and Captain America : The Winter Soldier writers Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely . On May 8 , 2014 , ABC officially ordered Marvel 's Agent Carter to series . Tara Butters , Michele Fazekas and Chris Dingess act as showrunners on the series , while Hayley Atwell reprises her role from the films as Peggy Carter . The series was renewed for a second season on May 7 , 2015 , and was officially canceled by ABC on May 12 , 2016 . </P> <P> The first season , which premiered on January 6 , 2015 , introduces the origins of the Black Widow and Winter Soldier programs , which both appear in several MCU films . The second season , which premiered on January 19 , 2016 , features the Darkforce , which ties to the character Marcus Daniels in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. and Doctor Strange . </P> <P> In the first season , Dominic Cooper reprise his role of Howard Stark from Captain America : The First Avenger . James D'Arcy portrays Edwin Jarvis , Stark 's butler in the series who eventually serves as inspiration for Tony Stark 's artificial intelligence J.A.R.V.I.S. Costa Ronin portrays a young Anton Vanko , the co-creator of the arc reactor with Stark . Chris Evans appears as Steve Rogers / Captain America via archive footage from The First Avenger . McDonough and Toby Jones reprise their roles as Dugan and Arnim Zola , respectively . In the second season , Cooper returns to reprise his role . </P> <H3> Marvel 's Inhumans ( 2017 ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Inhumans ( TV series ) Scott Buck serves as showrunner for both Inhumans on ABC and the first season of Iron Fist on Netflix . <P> After a military coup , the Inhuman Royal Family , led by Black Bolt , escape to Hawaii where they must save themselves and the world . </P> <P> In November 2016 , Marvel Television and IMAX Corporation announced Marvel 's Inhumans , to be produced in conjunction with ABC Studios . The series ' first two episodes were filmed entirely on IMAX digital cameras , and premiered on IMAX screens on September 1 , 2017 , for two weeks . ABC will then broadcast the series weekly starting with the first two episodes on September 29 , 2017 , with the network airing of the first two episodes featuring exclusive content , outside of the versions screened on IMAX . Select action sequences in the rest of the series were also shot on IMAX . The series was neither intended to be a reworking of the planned film from Marvel Studios , nor a spin - off from Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. Ben Sherwood , president of Disney -- ABC Television Group , added that `` We 've worked very carefully with our friends at Marvel Studios -- and this is a critical point -- to make sure that calendar-wise and content-wise we are only enhancing '' the MCU ; the theatrical debut of the series was timed to not interfere with the release of any Marvel Studios films . In December 2016 , Scott Buck was announced as showrunner and executive producer for the series . In February 2017 , Anson Mount was cast as Black Bolt . Filming began in March 2017 in Hawaii , and concluded in June . </P> <H2> Netflix series ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Series </Th> <Th colspan="2"> Season </Th> <Th> Episodes </Th> <Th> Originally released </Th> <Th> Showrunner ( s ) </Th> <Th> Status </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Marvel 's Daredevil </Th> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> April 10 , 2015 ( 2015 - 04 - 10 ) </Td> <Td> Steven S. DeKnight </Td> <Td> Released </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> March 18 , 2016 ( 2016 - 03 - 18 ) </Td> <Td> Doug Petrie and Marco Ramirez </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> TBA </Td> <Td> 2018 ( 2018 ) </Td> <Td> Erik Oleson </Td> <Td> Filming </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Marvel 's Jessica Jones </Th> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> November 20 , 2015 ( 2015 - 11 - 20 ) </Td> <Td> Melissa Rosenberg </Td> <Td> Released </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> March 8 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 08 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> TBA </Td> <Td> TBA </Td> <Td> In development </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Marvel 's Luke Cage </Th> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> September 30 , 2016 ( 2016 - 09 - 30 ) </Td> <Td> Cheo Hodari Coker </Td> <Td> Released </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> June 22 , 2018 ( 2018 - 06 - 22 ) </Td> <Td> Preparing for release </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Marvel 's Iron Fist </Th> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> March 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 03 - 17 ) </Td> <Td> Scott Buck </Td> <Td> Released </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> TBA </Td> <Td> 2018 ( 2018 ) </Td> <Td> Raven Metzner </Td> <Td> Filming </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Marvel 's The Defenders </Th> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> August 18 , 2017 ( 2017 - 08 - 18 ) </Td> <Td> Marco Ramirez </Td> <Td> Released </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Marvel 's The Punisher </Th> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> November 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 17 ) </Td> <Td> Steve Lightfoot </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> TBA </Td> <Td> TBA </Td> <Td> Filming </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> By October 2013 , Marvel was preparing four drama series and a miniseries to present to video on demand services and cable providers , with Netflix , Amazon , and WGN America expressing interest . That November , it was announced that Disney would provide Netflix with live - action series based on Daredevil , Jessica Jones , Iron Fist , and Luke Cage , leading up to a miniseries based on the Defenders . </P> <H3> Marvel 's Daredevil ( 2015 -- ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Daredevil ( TV series ) <P> Lawyer - by - day Matt Murdock uses his heightened senses from being blinded as a young boy to fight crime at night on the streets of Hell 's Kitchen as Daredevil , juxtaposed with the rise of crime lord Wilson Fisk . Murdock eventually crosses paths with Frank Castle / Punisher , a vigilante with far deadlier methods , and sees the return of his old girlfriend , Elektra Natchios . </P> <P> In December 2013 , Marvel confirmed that Drew Goddard would be the executive producer and showrunner for Daredevil , and would write and direct the first episode , though at the end of May 2014 , it was announced that Goddard would no longer be the showrunner for the series , being replaced by Steven S. DeKnight . Goddard , who wrote the first two episodes , remained with the show as an executive producer . It was also revealed that the series would be titled Marvel 's Daredevil . A few days later , Charlie Cox was cast as Daredevil . A second season was ordered on April 21 , 2015 , with Doug Petrie and Marco Ramirez taking over as showrunners from DeKnight , who could not return to the series due to a prior commitment . A third season was ordered in July 2016 , with Erik Oleson announced as the new showrunner of the series in October 2017 . </P> <P> The first season , which debuted in its entirety on April 10 , 2015 , features references to The Avengers and the Battle of New York , as well as mentioning Carl `` Crusher '' Creel , who appears on Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. The insignia for the Iron Fist antagonist Steel Serpent is also seen in the season . The second season , which premiered on March 18 , 2016 , features the motorcycle gang Dogs of Hell , who appeared on Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , along with numerous references to the events of the first season of Jessica Jones . The third season is slated to be released in 2018 . </P> <P> In the second season , Jon Bernthal was cast in a leading role as Frank Castle / Punisher , before headlining his own series , while Michelle Hurd and Carrie - Anne Moss reprise their roles of Samantha Reyes and Jeri Hogarth from Jessica Jones . </P> <H3> Marvel 's Jessica Jones ( 2015 -- ) ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Jessica Jones ( TV series ) Melissa Rosenberg is Jessica Jones ' creator and showrunner . <P> Former superhero Jessica Jones suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder , so she opens her own detective agency to help people . She begins to put her life back together after her encounter with Kilgrave , taking on a new case that makes her reluctantly confront her past . </P> <P> In November 2013 , Melissa Rosenberg was announced as the writer and executive producer of the series , and the following March , Loeb stated that filming would begin after Daredevil . In December 2014 , Krysten Ritter was cast as Jessica Jones in the series , officially titled Marvel 's Jessica Jones . A second season was ordered on January 17 , 2016 , and a third on April 12 , 2018 . </P> <P> The first season , which debuted in

The order of the Netflix Marvel shows starts with

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Pattern hair loss - wikipedia <H1> Pattern hair loss </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Pattern hair loss </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Synonyms </Th> <Td> Androgenic alopecia , androgenetic alopecia , male pattern baldness , female androgenic alopecia , female pattern baldness </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Male - pattern hair loss </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Specialty </Th> <Td> Dermatology , plastic surgery </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Pattern hair loss , known as male - pattern hair loss ( MPHL ) when it affects males and female - pattern hair loss ( FPHL ) when it affects females , is hair loss that primarily affects the top and front of the scalp . In males the hair loss often presents as a receding hairline while in females it typically presents as a thinning of the hair . </P> <P> Male pattern hair loss is believed to be due to a combination of genetics and the male hormone dihydrotestosterone . The cause in female pattern hair loss remains unclear . </P> <P> Management may include simply accepting the condition . Otherwise , treatments may include minoxidil , finasteride , or hair transplant surgery . Evidence for finasteride in women , however , is poor and it may result in birth defects if taken during pregnancy . </P> <P> Pattern hair loss by the age of 50 affects about half of males and a quarter of females . It is the most common cause of hair loss . </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Signs and symptoms </Li> <Li> 2 Causes <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Hormones </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Diagnosis </Li> <Li> 4 Treatment <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Medication <Ul> <Li> 4.1. 1 Androgen - dependent </Li> <Li> 4.1. 2 Androgen - independent </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4.2 Procedures </Li> <Li> 4.3 Alternative therapies </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Prognosis <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Psychological </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Epidemiology </Li> <Li> 7 Society and culture <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Myths </Li> <Li> 7.2 Names </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Other animals </Li> <Li> 9 References </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> Signs and symptoms ( edit ) </H2> <P> Classic male - pattern hair loss begins above the temples and vertex ( calvaria ) of the scalp . As it progresses , a rim of hair at the sides and rear of the head remains . This has been referred to as a ' Hippocratic wreath ' , and rarely progresses to complete baldness . The Hamilton -- Norwood scale has been developed to grade androgenic alopecia in males . </P> <P> Female - pattern hair loss more often causes diffuse thinning without hairline recession ; similar to its male counterpart , female androgenic alopecia rarely leads to total hair loss . The Ludwig scale grades severity of female - pattern hair loss . </P> <H2> Causes ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Hormones ( edit ) </H3> Androgens can interact with the Wnt signalling pathway to cause hair loss . <P> Research indicates that the initial programming of pilosebaceous units of hair follicles begins in utero . The physiology is primarily androgenic , with dihydrotestosterone ( DHT ) being the major contributor at the dermal papillae . Men with premature androgenic alopecia tend to have lower than normal values of sex hormone - binding globulin ( SHBG ) , follicle stimulating hormone ( FSH ) , testosterone , and epitestosterone when compared to men without pattern hair loss . Although hair follicles were previously thought to be permanently gone in areas of complete hair loss , they are more likely dormant , as recent studies have shown the scalp contains the stem cell progenitor cells from which the follicles arose . </P> <P> Transgenic studies have shown that growth and dormancy of hair follicles are related to the activity of insulin - like growth factor ( IGF ) at the dermal papillae , which is affected by DHT . Androgens are important in male sexual development around birth and at puberty . They regulate sebaceous glands , apocrine hair growth , and libido . With increasing age , androgens stimulate hair growth on the face , but can suppress it at the temples and scalp vertex , a condition that has been referred to as the ' androgen paradox ' . </P> <P> Men with androgenic alopecia typically have higher 5 - alpha - reductase , lower total testosterone , higher unbound / free testosterone , and higher free androgens , including DHT . 5 - alpha - reductase converts free testosterone into DHT , and is highest in the scalp and prostate gland . DHT is most commonly formed at the tissue level by 5α - reduction of testosterone . The genetic corollary that codes for this enzyme has been discovered . Prolactin has also been suggested to have different effects on the hair follicle across gender . </P> <P> Also , crosstalk occurs between androgens and the Wnt - beta - catenin signaling pathway that leads to hair loss . At the level of the somatic stem cell , androgens promote differentiation of facial hair dermal papillae , but inhibit it at the scalp . Other research suggests the enzyme prostaglandin D2 synthase and its product prostaglandin D2 ( PGD2 ) in hair follicles as contributive . </P> <P> These observations have led to study at the level of the mesenchymal dermal papillae . Types 1 and 2 5α reductase enzymes are present at pilosebaceous units in papillae of individual hair follicles . They catalyze formation of the androgens testosterone and DHT , which in turn regulate hair growth . Androgens have different effects at different follicles : they stimulate IGF - 1 at facial hair , leading to growth , but can also stimulate TGF β1 , TGF β2 , dickkopf1 , and IL - 6 at the scalp , leading to catagenic miniaturization . Hair follicles in anaphase express four different caspases . </P> Hair follicle and mesenchymal dermal papilla , labelled at top <H2> Diagnosis ( edit ) </H2> <P> The diagnosis of androgenic alopecia can be usually established based on clinical presentation in men . In women , the diagnosis usually requires more complex diagnostic evaluation . Further evaluation of the differential requires exclusion of other causes of hair loss , and assessing for the typical progressive hair loss pattern of androgenic alopecia . Trichoscopy can be used for further evaluation . Biopsy may be needed to exclude other causes of hair loss , and histology would demonstrate perifollicular fibrosis . </P> <H2> Treatment ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Management of hair loss <H3> Medication ( edit ) </H3> <P> Hair loss can be slowed or reversed in its early stages with medication . Medications approved by the United States ' Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) to treat male - pattern hair loss include minoxidil and finasteride . </P> Androgen - dependent ( edit ) <P> Finasteride is a medication of the 5α - reductase inhibitors ( 5 - ARIs ) class . By inhibiting type II 5 - ARI , finasteride prevents the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in various tissues including the scalp . Increased hair on the scalp can be seen within three months of starting finasteride treatment and longer - term studies have demonstrated increased hair on the scalp at 24 and 48 months with continued use . Treatment with finasteride more effectively treats male - pattern hair loss at the vertex than male - pattern hair loss at the front of the head and temples . </P> <P> Dutasteride is a medication in the same class as finasteride but inhibits both type I and type II 5 - alpha reductase . Dutasteride is approved for the treatment of male - pattern hair loss in Korea and Japan , but not in the United States . However , it is commonly used off - label to treat male - pattern hair loss . </P> Androgen - independent ( edit ) <P> Minoxidil dilates small blood vessels ; it is not clear how this causes hair to grow . Other treatments include tretinoin combined with minoxidil , ketoconazole shampoo , spironolactone , alfatradiol , and topilutamide ( fluridil ) . </P> <H3> Procedures ( edit ) </H3> <P> More advanced cases may be resistant or unresponsive to medical therapy and require hair transplantation . Naturally occurring units of one to four hairs , called follicular units , are excised and moved to areas of hair restoration . These follicular units are surgically implanted in the scalp in close proximity and in large numbers . The grafts are obtained from either follicular unit transplantation ( FUT ) or follicular unit extraction ( FUE ) . In the former , a strip of skin with follicular units is extracted and dissected into individual follicular unit grafts . The surgeon then implants the grafts into small incisions , called recipient sites . Cosmetic scalp tattoos can also mimic the appearance of a short , buzzed haircut . </P> <H3> Alternative therapies ( edit ) </H3> <P> Many people use unproven treatments . There is no evidence for vitamins , minerals , or other dietary supplements . As of 2008 , there is little evidence to support the use of lasers to treat male - pattern hair loss . The same applies to special lights . Dietary supplements are not typically recommended . A 2015 review found a growing number of papers in which plant extracts were studied but only one randomized controlled clinical trial , namely a study in 10 people of saw palmetto extract . </P> <H2> Prognosis ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Psychological ( edit ) </H3> <P> Androgenic alopecia is typically experienced as a `` moderately stressful condition that diminishes body image satisfaction '' . However , although most men regard baldness as an unwanted and distressing experience , they usually are able to cope and retain integrity of personality . </P> <P> Although baldness is not as common in women as in men , the psychological effects of hair loss tend to be much greater . Typically , the frontal hairline is preserved , but the density of hair is decreased on all areas of the scalp . Previously , it was believed to be caused by testosterone just as in male baldness , but most women who lose hair have normal testosterone levels . </P> <H2> Epidemiology. ( edit ) </H2> <P> Female androgenic alopecia has become a growing problem that , according to the American Academy of Dermatology , affects around 30 million women in the United States . Although hair loss in females normally occurs after the age of 50 or even later when it does not follow events like pregnancy , chronic illness , crash diets , and stress among others , it is now occurring at earlier ages with reported cases in women as young as 15 or 16 . </P> <H2> Society and culture ( edit ) </H2> Certain studies have suggested androgenic alopecia conveys survival advantage . <P> Studies have been inconsistent and not stable across cultures how balding men rate on the attraction scale . While a study from South Korea showed most people rated balding men as less attractive , a more recent survey of 1,000 Welsh women rated bald and gray haired men quite desirable . </P> <P> Proposed social theories for male - pattern hair loss include that baldness signaled dominance , social status , or longevity . Biologists have hypothesized the larger sunlight exposed area would allow more vitamin D to be synthesized , which might have been a `` finely tuned mechanism to prevent prostate cancer '' , as the malignancy itself is also associated with higher levels of DHT . </P> <H3> Myths ( edit ) </H3> An ancient phenomenon : Greek philosophers with and without much hair ( from left to right : Socrates , Antisthenes , Chrysippus , and Epicurus , fifth to third centuries BC ) <P> Many myths are given regarding the possible causes of baldness and its relationship with one 's virility , intelligence

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Qing dynasty - wikipedia <H1> Qing dynasty </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with the Qin dynasty , the first dynasty of Imperial China . `` Qing '' redirects here . For other uses , see Qing ( disambiguation ) . <Table> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Great Qing </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> 大 清 ᡩᠠᡳ᠌ᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1636 -- 1912 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Top : Flag ( 1862 -- 1889 ) Bottom : Flag ( 1889 -- 1912 ) Imperial Seal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Anthem 《 鞏 金甌 》 `` Gong Jin'ou '' ( `` Cup of Solid Gold '' ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Qing empire , 1765 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Capital </Td> <Td> Shengjing ( Fengtian prefecture ) ( 1636 -- 1644 ) Peking ( Shuntian Prefecture ) ( 1644 -- 1912 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Languages </Td> <Td> Mandarin , Manchu , Mongolian , Tibetan , Chagatai , numerous regional languages and varieties of Chinese </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Religion </Td> <Td> Heaven worship , Buddhism , Chinese folk religion , Confucianism , Taoism , Islam , Shamanism , Christianity , others </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Government </Td> <Td> Monarchy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Emperor </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1636 -- 1643 </Td> <Td> Hong Taiji ( founder ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1644 -- 1661 </Td> <Td> Fulin ( first in Peking ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1908 -- 1912 </Td> <Td> Puyi ( last ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Regent </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1643 -- 1650 </Td> <Td> Dorgon </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1908 -- 1912 </Td> <Td> Zaifeng </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Prime Minister </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1911 </Td> <Td> Yikuang </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1911 -- 1912 </Td> <Td> Yuan Shikai </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Historical era </Td> <Td> Imperial era </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Later Jin rule </Td> <Td> 1616 -- 1636 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Dynasty established </Td> <Td> 1636 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Qing conquest of Beijing </Td> <Td> 1644 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> First Opium War </Td> <Td> 1840 -- 1842 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Second Opium War </Td> <Td> 1856 -- 1860 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Sino - Japanese War </Td> <Td> 1 August 1894 -- 17 April 1895 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Xinhai Revolution </Td> <Td> 10 October 1911 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Abdication of Puyi </Td> <Td> 12 February 1912 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Area </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1790 </Td> <Td> 13,100,000 km ( 5,100,000 sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1880 </Td> <Td> 11,500,000 km ( 4,400,000 sq mi ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> Population </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1740 est . </Td> <Td> 140,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1790 est . </Td> <Td> 301,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> 1898 est . </Td> <Td> 395,918,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Currency </Td> <Td> Cash ( wén ) <P> Tael ( liǎng ) </P> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by </Td> <Td> Succeeded by </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Later Jin </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Shun </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Southern Ming </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Dzungar </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Republic of China </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Qing dynasty , also known as the Qing Empire , officially the Great Qing ( English : / tʃ ɪŋ / ) , was the last imperial dynasty of China , established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912 . It was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China . The Qing multi-cultural empire lasted almost three centuries and formed the territorial base for the modern Chinese state . It was the fourth largest empire in world history . </P> <P> The dynasty was founded by the Jurchen Aisin Gioro clan in Manchuria . In the late sixteenth century , Nurhaci , originally a Ming vassal , began organizing `` Banners '' , military - social units that included Jurchen , Han Chinese , and Mongol elements . Nurhaci formed the Jurchen clans into a unified entity , which he renamed as the Manchus . By 1636 , his son Hong Taiji began driving Ming forces out of Liaodong and declared a new dynasty , the Qing . In 1644 , peasant rebels led by Li Zicheng conquered the Ming capital , Beijing . Rather than serve them , Ming general Wu Sangui made an alliance with the Manchus and opened the Shanhai Pass to the Banner Armies led by the regent Prince Dorgon , who defeated the rebels and seized the capital . Resistance from the Southern Ming and the Revolt of the Three Feudatories led by Wu Sangui extended the conquest of China proper for nearly four decades and was not completed until 1683 under the Kangxi Emperor ( r . 1661 -- 1722 ) . The Ten Great Campaigns of the Qianlong Emperor from the 1750s to the 1790s extended Qing control into Inner Asia . The early rulers maintained their Manchu ways , and while their title was Emperor , they used `` Bogd khaan '' to the Mongols and they were patrons of Tibetan Buddhism . They governed using Confucian styles and institutions of bureaucratic government and retained the imperial examinations to recruit Han Chinese to work under or in parallel with Manchus . They also adapted the ideals of the tributary system in dealing with neighboring territories . </P> <P> During the Qianlong reign ( 1735 -- 96 ) the dynasty reached its apogee , but then began its initial decline in prosperity and imperial control . The population rose to some 400 millions , but taxes and government revenues were fixed at a low rate , virtually guaranteeing eventual fiscal crisis . Corruption set in , rebels tested government legitimacy , and ruling elites failed to change their mindsets in the face of changes in the world system . Following the Opium War , European powers imposed unequal treaties , free trade , extraterritoriality and treaty ports under foreign control . The Taiping Rebellion ( 1850 -- 64 ) and the Dungan Revolt ( 1862 -- 77 ) in Central Asia led to the deaths of some 20 million people , most of them due to famines caused by war . In spite of these disasters , in the Tongzhi Restoration of the 1860s , Han Chinese elites rallied to the defense of the Confucian order and the Qing rulers . The initial gains in the Self - Strengthening Movement were destroyed in the First Sino - Japanese War of 1895 , in which the Qing lost its influence over Korea and the possession of Taiwan . New Armies were organized , but the ambitious Hundred Days ' Reform of 1898 was turned back in a coup by Empress Dowager Cixi , a conservative leader . When the Scramble for Concessions by foreign powers triggered the violently anti-foreign `` Boxers '' , the foreign powers invaded China , Cixi declared war on them , leading to defeat and the flight of the Imperial Court to Xi'an . </P> <P> After agreeing to sign the Boxer Protocol the government then initiated unprecedented fiscal and administrative reforms , including elections , a new legal code , and abolition of the examination system . Sun Yat - sen and other revolutionaries competed with reformist monarchists such as Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao to transform the Qing empire into a modern nation . After the deaths of Cixi and the Guangxu Emperor in 1908 , the hardline Manchu court alienated reformers and local elites alike by obstructing social reform . The Wuchang Uprising on October 11 , 1911 , led to the Xinhai Revolution . General Yuan Shikai negotiated the abdication of Puyi , the last emperor , on February 12 , 1912 . The Qing empire was briefly restored on July 1 , 1917 , before it was once again overthrown 12 days later . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article contains Manchu text . Without proper rendering support , you may see question marks , boxes , or other symbols instead of Manchu alphabets . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Qing dynasty </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Chinese name </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Chinese </Th> <Td> 清朝 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( show ) Transcriptions </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Standard Mandarin </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hanyu Pinyin </Th> <Td> Qīng cháo </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Wade -- Giles </Th> <Td> Ch'ing ch'ao </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> IPA </Th> <Td> ( tɕhíŋ ʈʂhǎu ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Wu </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Suzhounese </Th> <Td> Tshin záu </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Yue : Cantonese </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Yale Romanization </Th> <Td> Ching Chiu </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> IPA </Th> <Td> ( tshéŋ tshȉːu ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Jyutping </Th> <Td> Cing ciu </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Southern Min </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hokkien POJ </Th> <Td> Chheng tiâu </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tâi - lô </Th> <Td> Tshing tiâu </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Great Qing </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Traditional Chinese </Th> <Td> 大 清 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Simplified Chinese </Th> <Td> 大 清 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( show ) Transcriptions </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Standard Mandarin </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hanyu Pinyin </Th> <Td> Dà Qīng </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Wade -- Giles </Th> <Td> Ta Ch'ing </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Yue : Cantonese </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Yale Romanization </Th> <Td> Daai Ching </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> IPA </Th> <Td> ( tàːi tshéŋ ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Jyutping </Th> <Td> daai cing </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Southern Min </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hokkien POJ </Th> <Td> Tāi - chheng </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Tâi - lô </Th> <Td> Tāi - tshing </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Mongolian name </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Mongolian Cyrillic </Th> <Td> Дайчин улс </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Mongolian script </Th> <Td> ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( show ) Transcriptions </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> SASM / GNC </Th> <Td> Daiqing ulus </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Manchu name </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Manchu script </Th> <Td> ᡩᠠᡳ᠌ᠴᡳᠩ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Abkai </Th> <Td> Daiqing gurun </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Möllendorff </Th> <Td> Daicing gurun </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="8"> History of China </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> ANCIENT </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Neolithic c. 8500 -- c. 2070 BCE </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Xia dynasty c. 2070 -- c. 1600 BCE </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Shang dynasty c. 1600 -- c. 1046 BCE </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Zhou dynasty c. 1046 -- 256 BCE </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Western Zhou </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Eastern Zhou </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Spring and Autumn </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Warring States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> IMPERIAL </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Qin dynasty 221 -- 206 BCE </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Han dynasty 206 BCE -- 220 CE </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Western Han </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Xin dynasty </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Eastern Han </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Three Kingdoms 220 -- 280 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Wei , Shu and Wu </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Jin dynasty 265 -- 420 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Western Jin </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="1"> Eastern Jin </Td> <Td colspan="7"> Sixteen Kingdoms </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Northern and Southern dynasties 420 -- 589 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Sui dynasty 581 -- 618 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> Tang dynasty 618 -- 907 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="8"> ( Second Zhou dynasty 690 -- 705 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="1"> Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 907 --

The rulers of the Qing dynasty originated from

Where did the rulers of the qing dynasty originate?

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Empiricism - wikipedia <H1> Empiricism </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the field of philosophy . For the album by Borknagar , see Empiricism ( album ) . John Locke ( 1632 -- 1704 ) , a leading philosopher of British empiricism <P> Empiricism is a theory that states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience . It is one of several views of epistemology , the study of human knowledge , along with rationalism and skepticism . Empiricism emphasizes the role of empirical evidence in the formation of ideas , over the idea of innate ideas or traditions ; empiricists may argue however that traditions ( or customs ) arise due to relations of previous sense experiences . </P> <P> Empiricism in the philosophy of science emphasizes evidence , especially as discovered in experiments . It is a fundamental part of the scientific method that all hypotheses and theories must be tested against observations of the natural world rather than resting solely on a priori reasoning , intuition , or revelation . </P> <P> Empiricism , often used by natural scientists , says that `` knowledge is based on experience '' and that `` knowledge is tentative and probabilistic , subject to continued revision and falsification . '' One of the epistemological tenets is that sensory experience creates knowledge . Empirical research , including experiments and validated measurement tools , guides the scientific method . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Etymology </Li> <Li> 2 History <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Background </Li> <Li> 2.2 Early empiricism </Li> <Li> 2.3 Renaissance Italy </Li> <Li> 2.4 British empiricism </Li> <Li> 2.5 Phenomenalism </Li> <Li> 2.6 Logical empiricism </Li> <Li> 2.7 Pragmatism </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 Endnotes </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Etymology ( edit ) </H2> <P> The English term empirical derives from the Ancient Greek word ἐμπειρία , empeiria , which is cognate with and translates to the Latin experientia , from which are derived the word experience and the related experiment . </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Background ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Empirical method <P> A central concept in science and the scientific method is that it must be empirically based on the evidence of the senses . Both natural and social sciences use working hypotheses that are testable by observation and experiment . The term semi-empirical is sometimes used to describe theoretical methods that make use of basic axioms , established scientific laws , and previous experimental results in order to engage in reasoned model building and theoretical inquiry . </P> <P> Philosophical empiricists hold no knowledge to be properly inferred or deduced unless it is derived from one 's sense - based experience . This view is commonly contrasted with rationalism , which states that knowledge may be derived from reason independently of the senses . For example , John Locke held that some knowledge ( e.g. knowledge of God 's existence ) could be arrived at through intuition and reasoning alone . Similarly Robert Boyle , a prominent advocate of the experimental method , held that we have innate ideas . The main continental rationalists ( Descartes , Spinoza , and Leibniz ) were also advocates of the empirical `` scientific method '' . </P> <H3> Early empiricism ( edit ) </H3> <P> Vaisheshika darsana , founded by the ancient Indian philosopher Kanada , accepted perception and inference as the only two reliable sources of knowledge . This is enumerated in his work Vaiśeṣika Sūtra . </P> <P> The earliest Western proto - empiricists were the Empiric school of ancient Greek medical practitioners , who rejected the three doctrines of the Dogmatic school , preferring to rely on the observation of `` phenomena '' . </P> <P> The notion of tabula rasa ( `` clean slate '' or `` blank tablet '' ) connotes a view of mind as an originally blank or empty recorder ( Locke used the words `` white paper '' ) on which experience leaves marks . This denies that humans have innate ideas . The image dates back to Aristotle : </P> <P> What the mind ( nous ) thinks must be in it in the same sense as letters are on a tablet ( grammateion ) which bears no actual writing ( grammenon ) ; this is just what happens in the case of the mind . ( Aristotle , On the Soul , 3.4. 430 1 ) . </P> <P> Aristotle 's explanation of how this was possible was not strictly empiricist in a modern sense , but rather based on his theory of potentiality and actuality , and experience of sense perceptions still requires the help of the active nous . These notions contrasted with Platonic notions of the human mind as an entity that pre-existed somewhere in the heavens , before being sent down to join a body on Earth ( see Plato 's Phaedo and Apology , as well as others ) . Aristotle was considered to give a more important position to sense perception than Plato , and commentators in the Middle Ages summarized one of his positions as `` nihil in intellectu nisi prius fuerit in sensu '' ( Latin for `` nothing in the intellect without first being in the senses '' ) . </P> <P> This idea was later developed in ancient philosophy by the Stoic school . Stoic epistemology generally emphasized that the mind starts blank , but acquires knowledge as the outside world is impressed upon it . The doxographer Aetius summarizes this view as `` When a man is born , the Stoics say , he has the commanding part of his soul like a sheet of paper ready for writing upon . '' </P> A drawing of Ibn Sina ( Avicenna ) from 1271 <P> During the Middle Ages Aristotle 's theory of tabula rasa was developed by Islamic philosophers starting with Al Farabi , developing into an elaborate theory by Avicenna and demonstrated as a thought experiment by Ibn Tufail . For Avicenna ( Ibn Sina ) , for example , the tabula rasa is a pure potentiality that is actualized through education , and knowledge is attained through `` empirical familiarity with objects in this world from which one abstracts universal concepts '' developed through a `` syllogistic method of reasoning in which observations lead to propositional statements which when compounded lead to further abstract concepts '' . The intellect itself develops from a material intellect ( al - ' aql al - hayulani ) , which is a potentiality `` that can acquire knowledge to the active intellect ( al - ' aql al - fa'il ) , the state of the human intellect in conjunction with the perfect source of knowledge '' . So the immaterial `` active intellect '' , separate from any individual person , is still essential for understanding to occur . </P> <P> In the 12th century CE the Andalusian Muslim philosopher and novelist Abu Bakr Ibn Tufail ( known as `` Abubacer '' or `` Ebn Tophail '' in the West ) included the theory of tabula rasa as a thought experiment in his Arabic philosophical novel , Hayy ibn Yaqdhan in which he depicted the development of the mind of a feral child `` from a tabula rasa to that of an adult , in complete isolation from society '' on a desert island , through experience alone . The Latin translation of his philosophical novel , entitled Philosophus Autodidactus , published by Edward Pococke the Younger in 1671 , had an influence on John Locke 's formulation of tabula rasa in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding . </P> <P> A similar Islamic theological novel , Theologus Autodidactus , was written by the Arab theologian and physician Ibn al - Nafis in the 13th century . It also dealt with the theme of empiricism through the story of a feral child on a desert island , but departed from its predecessor by depicting the development of the protagonist 's mind through contact with society rather than in isolation from society . </P> <P> During the 13th century Thomas Aquinas adopted the Aristotelian position that the senses are essential to mind into scholasticism . Bonaventure ( 1221 -- 1274 ) , one of Aquinas ' strongest intellectual opponents , offered some of the strongest arguments in favour of the Platonic idea of the mind . </P> <H3> Renaissance Italy ( edit ) </H3> <P> In the late renaissance various writers began to question the medieval and classical understanding of knowledge acquisition in a more fundamental way . In political and historical writing Niccolò Machiavelli and his friend Francesco Guicciardini initiated a new realistic style of writing . Machiavelli in particular was scornful of writers on politics who judged everything in comparison to mental ideals and demanded that people should study the `` effectual truth '' instead . Their contemporary , Leonardo da Vinci ( 1452 -- 1519 ) said , `` If you find from your own experience that something is a fact and it contradicts what some authority has written down , then you must abandon the authority and base your reasoning on your own findings . '' </P> <P> The decidedly anti-Aristotelian and anti-clerical music theorist Vincenzo Galilei ( c. 1520 -- 1591 ) , father of Galileo and the inventor of monody , made use of the method in successfully solving musical problems , firstly , of tuning such as the relationship of pitch to string tension and mass in stringed instruments , and to volume of air in wind instruments ; and secondly to composition , by his various suggestions to composers in his Dialogo della musica antica e moderna ( Florence , 1581 ) . The Italian word he used for `` experiment '' was esperienza . It is known that he was the essential pedagogical influence upon the young Galileo , his eldest son ( cf . Coelho , ed . Music and Science in the Age of Galileo Galilei ) , arguably one of the most influential empiricists in history . Vincenzo , through his tuning research , found the underlying truth at the heart of the misunderstood myth of ' Pythagoras ' hammers ' ( the square of the numbers concerned yielded those musical intervals , not the actual numbers , as believed ) , and through this and other discoveries that demonstrated the fallibility of traditional authorities , a radically empirical attitude developed , passed on to Galileo , which regarded `` experience and demonstration '' as the sine qua non of valid rational enquiry . </P> <H3> British empiricism ( edit ) </H3> <P> British empiricism , though it was not a term used at the time , derives from the 17th century period of early modern philosophy and modern science . The term became useful in order to describe differences perceived between two of its founders Francis Bacon , described as empiricist , and René Descartes , who is described as a rationalist . Thomas Hobbes and Baruch Spinoza , in the next generation , are often also described as an empiricist and a rationalist respectively . John Locke , George Berkeley , and David Hume were the primary exponents of empiricism in the 18th century Enlightenment , with Locke being the person who is normally known as the founder of empiricism as such . </P> <P> In response to the early - to - mid-17th century `` continental rationalism '' John Locke ( 1632 -- 1704 ) proposed in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding ( 1689 ) a very influential view wherein the only knowledge humans can have is a posteriori , i.e. , based upon experience . Locke is famously attributed with holding the proposition that the human mind is a tabula rasa , a `` blank tablet '' , in Locke 's words `` white paper '' , on which the experiences derived from sense impressions as a person 's life proceeds are written . There are two sources of

The word used to describe knowledge about the universe and the method of obtaining that knowledge is

What word is used to describe knowledge about the universe and method of obtaining that knowledge?

-361372457924056022

. <Table> <Tr> <Th> Year </Th> <Th> Winner </Th> <Th> Country </Th> <Th> Time </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1972 </Td> <Td> Nina Kuscsik </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 3 : 08 : 41 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1973 </Td> <Td> Nina Kuscsik </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 2 : 57 : 07 </Td> <Td> Course record , 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kathrine Switzer </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 3 : 07 : 29 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Kim Merritt </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 2 : 46 : 14 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1976 </Td> <Td> Miki Gorman </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 2 : 39 : 11 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1977 </Td> <Td> Miki Gorman </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 2 : 43 : 10 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1978 </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 32 : 30 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1979 </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 : 33 </Td> <Td> Course record , 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1980 </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 42 </Td> <Td> Course record , 3rd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1981 </Td> <Td> Allison Roe </Td> <Td> New Zealand </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 29 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1982 </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 : 14 </Td> <Td> 4th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 : 00 </Td> <Td> 5th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1984 </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 29 : 30 </Td> <Td> 6th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1985 </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 28 : 34 </Td> <Td> 7th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1986 </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 28 : 06 </Td> <Td> 8th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Priscilla Welch </Td> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> 2 : 30 : 17 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1988 </Td> <Td> Grete Waitz </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 28 : 07 </Td> <Td> 9th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1989 </Td> <Td> Ingrid Kristiansen </Td> <Td> Norway </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 30 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1990 </Td> <Td> Wanda Panfil </Td> <Td> Poland </Td> <Td> 2 : 30 : 45 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1991 </Td> <Td> Liz McColgan </Td> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 : 32 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1992 </Td> <Td> Lisa Ondieki </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> 2 : 24 : 40 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1993 </Td> <Td> Uta Pippig </Td> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> 2 : 26 : 24 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1994 </Td> <Td> Tegla Loroupe </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 27 : 37 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1995 </Td> <Td> Tegla Loroupe </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 28 : 06 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Anuţa Cătună </Td> <Td> Romania </Td> <Td> 2 : 28 : 18 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1997 </Td> <Td> Franziska Rochat - Moser </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 2 : 28 : 43 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1998 </Td> <Td> Franca Fiacconi </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 17 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1999 </Td> <Td> Adriana Fernandez </Td> <Td> Mexico </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 06 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2000 </Td> <Td> Lyudmila Petrova </Td> <Td> Russia </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 45 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2001 </Td> <Td> Margaret Okayo </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 24 : 21 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2002 </Td> <Td> Joyce Chepchumba </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 56 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2003 </Td> <Td> Margaret Okayo </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 22 : 31 </Td> <Td> Course record , 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Paula Radcliffe </Td> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> 2 : 23 : 10 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2005 </Td> <Td> Jeļena Prokopčuka </Td> <Td> Latvia </Td> <Td> 2 : 24 : 41 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2006 </Td> <Td> Jeļena Prokopčuka </Td> <Td> Latvia </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 05 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2007 </Td> <Td> Paula Radcliffe </Td> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> 2 : 23 : 09 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2008 </Td> <Td> Paula Radcliffe </Td> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> 2 : 23 : 56 </Td> <Td> 3rd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2009 </Td> <Td> Derartu Tulu </Td> <Td> Ethiopia </Td> <Td> 2 : 28 : 52 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Edna Kiplagat </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 28 : 20 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2011 </Td> <Td> Firehiwot Dado </Td> <Td> Ethiopia </Td> <Td> 2 : 23 : 15 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2012 </Td> <Td colspan="4"> Cancelled due to Hurricane Sandy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2013 </Td> <Td> Priscah Jeptoo </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 07 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2014 </Td> <Td> Mary Keitany </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 25 : 07 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2015 </Td> <Td> Mary Keitany </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 24 : 25 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2016 </Td> <Td> Mary Keitany </Td> <Td> Kenya </Td> <Td> 2 : 24 : 26 </Td> <Td> 3rd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2017 </Td> <Td> Shalane Flanagan </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 2 : 26 : 53 </Td> <Td> Fifth US woman to win ; first since 1977 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Men 's wheelchair division ( edit ) </H2> David Weir , winner of the 2010 race Masazumi Soejima , winner of the 2011 race <Table> <Tr> <Th> Year </Th> <Th> Winner </Th> <Th> Country </Th> <Th> Time </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2000 </Td> <Td> Ayari , Kamel Kamel Ayari </Td> <Td> Tunisia </Td> <Td> 1 : 53 : 50 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2001 </Td> <Td> Mendoza , Saúl Saúl Mendoza </Td> <Td> Mexico </Td> <Td> 1 : 39 : 29 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2002 </Td> <Td> Schabort , Krige Krige Schabort </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> 1 : 38 : 27 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2003 </Td> <Td> Schabort , Krige Krige Schabort </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> 1 : 32 : 19 </Td> <Td> Course record , 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Mendoza , Saúl Saúl Mendoza </Td> <Td> Mexico </Td> <Td> 1 : 33 : 16 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2005 </Td> <Td> van Dyk , Ernst Ernst van Dyk </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> 1 : 31 : 11 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2006 </Td> <Td> Fearnley , Kurt Kurt Fearnley </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> 1 : 29 : 22 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2007 </Td> <Td> Fearnley , Kurt Kurt Fearnley </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> 1 : 33 : 58 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2008 </Td> <Td> Fearnley , Kurt Kurt Fearnley </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> 1 : 44 : 51 </Td> <Td> 3rd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2009 </Td> <Td> Fearnley , Kurt Kurt Fearnley </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> 1 : 35 : 58 </Td> <Td> 4th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Weir , David David Weir </Td> <Td> United Kingdom </Td> <Td> 1 : 37 : 29 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2011 </Td> <Td> Soejima , Masazumi Masazumi Soejima </Td> <Td> Japan </Td> <Td> 1 : 31 : 41 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2012 </Td> <Td colspan="4"> Cancelled due to Hurricane Sandy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2013 </Td> <Td> Hug , Marcel Marcel Hug </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 1 : 40 : 14 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2014 </Td> <Td> Fearnley , Kurt Kurt Fearnley </Td> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> 1 : 30 : 55 </Td> <Td> 5th victory ( Note that the course was shortened by 3 miles at the start ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2015 </Td> <Td> van Dyk , Ernst Ernst van Dyk </Td> <Td> South Africa </Td> <Td> 1 : 30 : 54 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2016 </Td> <Td> Hug , Marcel Marcel Hug </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 1 : 35 : 44 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2017 </Td> <Td> Hug , Marcel Marcel Hug </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 1 : 37.17 </Td> <Td> 3rd victory </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Women 's wheelchair division ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Year </Th> <Th> Winner </Th> <Th> Country </Th> <Th> Time </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2000 </Td> <Td> Xuan , Anh Nguyen Thi Anh Nguyen Thi Xuan </Td> <Td> Vietnam </Td> <Td> 2 : 46 : 47 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2001 </Td> <Td> Porcellato , Francesca Francesca Porcellato </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> 2 : 08 : 51 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2002 </Td> <Td> Blauwet , Cheri Cheri Blauwet </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 2 : 14 : 39 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2003 </Td> <Td> Blauwet , Cheri Cheri Blauwet </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 1 : 59 : 30 </Td> <Td> Course record , 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Hunkeler , Edith Edith Hunkeler </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 1 : 53 : 27 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2005 </Td> <Td> Hunkeler , Edith Edith Hunkeler </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 1 : 54 : 52 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2006 </Td> <Td> McGrory , Amanda Amanda McGrory </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 1 : 54 : 19 </Td> <Td> 2 seconds ahead of 2nd - place finisher </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2007 </Td> <Td> Hunkeler , Edith Edith Hunkeler </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 1 : 52 : 38 </Td> <Td> Course record , 3rd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2008 </Td> <Td> Hunkeler , Edith Edith Hunkeler </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 2 : 06 : 42 </Td> <Td> 4th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2009 </Td> <Td> Hunkeler , Edith Edith Hunkeler </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> 1 : 58 : 15 </Td> <Td> 5th victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> McFadden , Tatyana Tatyana McFadden </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 2 : 02 : 22 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2011 </Td> <Td> McGrory , Amanda Amanda McGrory </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 1 : 50 : 25 </Td> <Td> Course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2012 </Td> <Td colspan="4"> Cancelled due to Hurricane Sandy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2013 </Td> <Td> McFadden , Tatyana Tatyana McFadden </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 1 : 59 : 13 </Td> <Td> 2nd victory </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2014 </Td> <Td> McFadden , Tatyana Tatyana McFadden </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 1 : 42 : 16 </Td> <Td> 3rd victory ( Note that their course was shortened by 3 miles at the start ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2015 </Td> <Td> McFadden , Tatyana Tatyana McFadden </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 1 : 43 : 04 </Td> <Td> 4th victory ; course record </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2016 </Td> <Td> McFadden , Tatyana Tatyana McFadden </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> 1 : 47 :

The last time an American won the New York Marathon was in

When was the last time an american won the new york marathon?

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mowing fine grass the bevel angle may be peened extremely fine , while for coarser work a larger angle is created to give a more robust edge . Peening requires some skill and is done using a peening hammer and special anvils or by using a peening jig . Historically , a peening station was set up on the edge of the field during harvest but now more likely back in the workshop . </P> <P> In the example below , a short scythe blade , being used to clear brambles , is being sharpened . Before going to the forest the blade is peened back in the workshop , this reforms the malleable steel to create an edge profile that can then be honed . Peening is done only occasionally , how often depends on the hardness of the steel and the nature of the work . The Austrian blade shown is being used to cut tough - stemmed brambles and it is being peened about every thirty hours of work . Nicks and cuts to the blade edge can usually be worked out of the blade by peening and a new edge profile formed for honing . A peening jig is being used here but blades can be free - peened using various designs of peening anvils . The peening jig shown has two interchangeable caps that set different angles ; a coarse angle is set first about 3mm back from the edge and the fine angle is then set on the edge , leaving an edge that lends itself to being easily honed . The blade is then honed using progressively finer honing stones and then taken to the field . In the field the blade is honed using a fine , ovoid whetstone ( or rubber ) , fine - grained for grass , coarser for cereal crops . Honing is done the moment the mower senses that the edge has gone off , this may be every half hour depending on the conditions . The laminated honing stone shown here has two grades of stone and is carried into the field soaking in a water - filled holster on the belt . A burr is set up on the outside of the blade by stroking the blade on the inside , the burr is then taken off by gently stroking it on the outside . There are a great many opinions , regional traditions and variations on exactly how to do this , some eastern European countries even set up the burr on the inside . </P> <Ul> <Li> <P> A peening jig anvil , note the two colour - coded caps </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Peening a scythe blade using the jig </P> </Li> <Li> <P> A typical ovoid honing stone soaking in a water filled sheath </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Setting up a burr on the outside of the blade by honing on the inside . </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Taking the burr off the outside of the blade by honing on the outside . </P> </Li> <Li> <P> The finished blade </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Historical image , from a 1945 wheat harvest , showing a very long blade being honed on the job . Setting up the burr . </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Removing the burr on the outside face , ready to mow again . </P> </Li> </Ul> <P> Unlike the European blades , typical American style blades are made of harder , more brittle steel and are not usually peened , or can not be peened at all , without cracking . The harder blade holds an edge longer and requires less frequent honing in the field but after heavy use or damage the edge must be reshaped by grinding , which subtracts metal , rather than reforming the more malleable edge by peening . Some examples have a laminated construction with a hard , brittle , core providing the edge and softer sides providing strength . </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> German peasant with scythe from 850 AD <P> The scythe may have dated back as far as c. 500 BC , and seems to have been used in Ancient Rome , but became more common in Europe with agricultural developments during the Carolingian era ( 8th century AD ) . Initially used mostly for mowing hay , it had replaced the sickle for reaping crops by the 16th century as the scythe was better ergonomically and consequently more efficient . In about 1800 the grain cradle , was sometimes added to the standard scythe when mowing grain ; the cradle was an addition of light wooden fingers above the scythe blade which kept the grain stems aligned and the heads together to make the collection and threshing easier . In the developed world the scythe has largely been replaced by the motorised lawn mower and combine harvester . However , the scythe remained in common use for many years after the introduction of machines because a side - mounted finger - bar mower , whether horse or tractor drawn , could not mow in front of itself and scythes were still needed to open up a meadow by clearing the first swathe to give the mechanical mower room to start . </P> <P> The Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities of Sir William Smith claims that the scythe , known in Latin as the falx foenaria as opposed to the sickle , the falx messoria , was used by the ancient Romans. According to ancient Greek mythology it was believed that Gaea the Greek goddess mother of Titans gave ' a sickle was made out of the strongest metal ' to her youngest son ' Kronos ' who is also youngest of Titans ( also known as God of Harvest ) to seek vengeance against her Husband Ouranos for Torturing their oldest sons . To illustrate this , Smith cites an image of Saturn holding a scythe , from an ancient Italian cameo . The Grim Reaper and the Greek Titan Cronus were often depicted carrying or wielding a scythe . According to Jack Herer and `` Flesh of The Gods '' ( Emboden , W.A. , Jr. , Praeger Press , NY , 1974 . ) ; the ancient Scythians grew hemp and harvested it with a hand reaper that we still call a scythe . </P> <P> The Abbeydale Industrial Hamlet in Sheffield , England is a museum of a scythe - making works that was in operation from the end of the 18th century until the 1930s . This was part of the former scythe - making district of north Derbyshire , which extended into Eckington . Other English scythe - making districts include that around Belbroughton . </P> <P> The German Renaissance scythe sword , the Greek and Roman harpe and the Egyptian khopesh were scythes or sickles modified as weapons or symbols of authority . An improvised conversion of the agricultural scythe to a war scythe by re-attaching the blade parallel to the snaith , similar to a bill has also been used throughout history as a weapon . See Scythes in art below for an example . </P> <H2> In national cultures ( edit ) </H2> The under - side of the blade normally facing the ground , note that it is convex across it width while the top side is concave or cupped . This snaith has been steam - bent to place the handles in the correct position for the mower without the need to offset them . The diagonal tension brace is atypical . <P> The scythe is still an indispensable tool for farmers in developing countries and in mountainous terrain . </P> <P> In Romania , for example , in the highland landscape of the Transylvanian Apuseni mountains , scything is a very important annual activity , taking about 2 -- 3 weeks to complete for a regular house . As scything is a tiring physical activity and is relatively difficult to learn , farmers help each other by forming teams . After each day 's harvest , the farmers often celebrate by having a small feast where they dance , drink and eat , while being careful to keep in shape for the next day 's hard work . In other parts of the Balkans , such as in Serbian towns , scything competitions are held where the winner takes away a small silver scythe . In small Serbian towns , scything is treasured as part of the local folklore , and the winners of friendly competitions are rewarded richly with food and drink , which they share with their competitors . </P> <P> Among Basques scythe - mowing competitions are still a popular traditional sport , called segalaritza ( from Spanish verb segar : to mow ) . Each contender competes to cut a defined section of grown grass before his rival does the same . </P> <P> There is an international scything competition held at Goricko where people from Austria , Hungary , Serbia and Romania , or as far away as Asia appear to showcase their culturally unique method of reaping crops . In 2009 , a Japanese gentleman showcased a wooden reaping tool with a metal edge , which he used to show how rice was cut . He was impressed with the speed of the local reapers , but said such a large scythe would never work in Japan . </P> <P> The Norwegian municipality of Hornindal has three scythe blades in its coat - of - arms . </P> <P> Scythes are beginning a comeback in American suburbs , since they `` do n't use gas , do n't get hot , do n't make noise , do make for exercise , and do cut grass '' . </P> <H2> In art ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> <P> 1817 illustration of a Polish peasant sharpening a scythe . ( Drawn by Jan Piotr Norblin , engraved by Philibert - Louis Debucourt . ) </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Death and the woodcutter by Jean - François Millet , 1859 </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Niittomiehet ( Mowers men ) , by Pekka Halonen , 1891 </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Death and the Mother by Niels Hansen Jacobsen - Sankt Petri , Copenhagen </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Peasant infantry armed with scythes pray before the battle of Racławice ( 1794 ) by Józef Chełmoński . </P> </Li> </Ul> <P> Winslow Homer , The Veteran in a New Field ' 1865 ' </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Bagging hook , similar to the sickle </Li> <Li> Billhook , a version of the sickle used for cutting woody stems </Li> <Li> Grain cradle , for aligning grain stems </Li> <Li> Harpe , a Greek or Roman long sickle or scythe </Li> <Li> Khopesh , an Egyptian long sickle or scythe as a weapon </Li> <Li> Scythe sword , scythe blade converted to use as a weapon </Li> <Li> Sickle , the archetypal forerunner of the scythe </Li> <Li> War scythe , a polearm resembling a modified scythe </Li> <Li> Kama ( weapon ) , a Japanese hand scythe used in farming , and martial arts </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Oxford English Dictionary , Oxford University Press , 1933 : Scythe </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Online Etymology Dictionary '' . etymonline.com . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Browse 1828 = > Word SITHE : : Search the 1828 Noah Webster 's Dictionary of the English Language '' . 1828.mshaffer.com. 2012 - 06 - 03 . Retrieved 2012 - 06 - 03 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Browse 1913 = > Word SITHE : : Search the 1913 Noah Webster 's Dictionary of the English Language '' . 1913.mshaffer.com. 2012 - 06 - 03 . Retrieved 2012 - 06 - 03 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` How to Use a Scythe - Modern Homesteading - MOTHER EARTH NEWS '' . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Peening and Sharpening - Scythe Cymru '' . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^

The Grim Reaper is typically depicted as carrying a

What is the name of the weapon the grim reaper carries?

6969539427365218166

</Li> <Li> Paul Pogba </Li> <Li> Benedikt Höwedes </Li> <Li> Sami Khedira </Li> <Li> Kwadwo Asamoah </Li> <Li> John Boye </Li> <Li> Asamoah Gyan </Li> <Li> Sulley Muntari </Li> <Li> Theofanis Gekas </Li> <Li> Georgios Samaras </Li> <Li> Brayan Beckeles </Li> <Li> Javad Nekounam </Li> <Li> Antonio Candreva </Li> <Li> Andrea Pirlo </Li> <Li> Gervinho </Li> <Li> Keisuke Honda </Li> <Li> Yuto Nagatomo </Li> <Li> Giovani dos Santos </Li> <Li> Héctor Herrera </Li> <Li> Rafael Márquez </Li> <Li> Memphis Depay </Li> <Li> Klaas - Jan Huntelaar </Li> <Li> Arjen Robben </Li> <Li> Wesley Sneijder </Li> <Li> Michel Babatunde </Li> <Li> Emmanuel Emenike </Li> <Li> Cristiano Ronaldo </Li> <Li> Miguel Veloso </Li> <Li> Dmitri Kombarov </Li> <Li> Lee Keun - ho </Li> <Li> Yun Suk - young </Li> <Li> Cesc Fàbregas </Li> <Li> Andrés Iniesta </Li> <Li> Juanfran </Li> <Li> Gökhan Inler </Li> <Li> Admir Mehmedi </Li> <Li> Ricardo Rodríguez </Li> <Li> Michael Bradley </Li> <Li> Edinson Cavani </Li> <Li> Fernando Muslera </Li> <Li> Gastón Ramírez </Li> </Ul> <P> Source : UEFA </P> <H2> Scoring ( edit ) </H2> <Dl> <Dt> Overall </Dt> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Total number of goals scored : 171 </Li> <Li> Average goals per match : 2.67 </Li> <Li> Total number of braces : 14 Karim Benzema , Toni Kroos , Mario Mandžukić , Jackson Martínez , Lionel Messi , Ahmed Musa , Neymar ( 2 ) , Robin van Persie , Arjen Robben , James Rodríguez , André Schürrle , Luis Suárez , Enner Valencia </Li> <Li> Total number of hat - tricks : 2 Thomas Müller , Xherdan Shaqiri </Li> <Li> Total number of penalty kicks awarded : 13 </Li> <Li> Total number of penalty kicks scored : 12 Xabi Alonso , Karim Benzema , Edinson Cavani , Juan Cuadrado , Sofiane Feghouli , Klaas - Jan Huntelaar , Mile Jedinak , Thomas Müller , Neymar , Robin van Persie , James Rodríguez , Georgios Samaras </Li> <Li> Total number of penalty kicks missed or saved : 1 Karim Benzema </Li> <Li> Penalty kick success rate : 7001923100000000000 ♠ 92.31 % </Li> <Li> Own goals scored : 5 John Boye , Sead Kolašinac , Marcelo , Noel Valladares , Joseph Yobo </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dt> Timing </Dt> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> First goal of the tournament : Marcelo ( own goal ) for Croatia against Brazil </Li> <Li> First brace of the tournament : Neymar for Brazil against Croatia </Li> <Li> First hat - trick of the tournament : Thomas Müller for Germany against Portugal </Li> <Li> Last goal of the tournament : Mario Götze for Germany against Argentina </Li> <Li> Last brace of the tournament : André Schürrle for Germany against Brazil </Li> <Li> Last hat - trick of the tournament : Xherdan Shaqiri for Switzerland against Honduras </Li> <Li> Fastest goal in a match from kickoff : 1st minute ( 0 : 30 ) Clint Dempsey for United States - MS against Ghana </Li> <Li> Fastest goal in a match after coming on as a substitute : 2 minutes Marco Ureña for Costa Rica against Uruguay ( introduced in the 83rd minute ) , Admir Mehmedi for Switzerland against Ecuador ( introduced in the 46th minute ) , Miroslav Klose for Germany against Ghana ( introduced in the 69th minute ) , Leroy Fer for Netherlands against Chile ( introduced in the 75th minute ) , Julian Green for United States - MS against Belgium ( introduced in the 105 + 2nd minute ) </Li> <Li> Latest goal in a match without extra time : 90 + 5th minute Silvestre Varela for Portugal against United States - MS </Li> <Li> Latest goal in a match with extra time : 120 + 1st minute Abdelmoumene Djabou for Algeria against Germany </Li> <Li> Latest winning goal in a match without extra time : 90 + 4th minute Klaas - Jan Huntelaar for Netherlands against Mexico </Li> <Li> Latest winning goal in a match with extra time : 118th minute Ángel Di María for Argentina against Switzerland </Li> <Li> Shortest time difference between two goals scored by the same team in a match : 2 minutes ( 1 : 06 ) Olivier Giroud and Blaise Matuidi for France against Switzerland </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dt> Teams </Dt> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most goals scored by a team : 18 Germany </Li> <Li> Fewest goals scored by a team : 1 Cameroon , Honduras , Iran </Li> <Li> Most goals conceded by a team : 14 Brazil </Li> <Li> Fewest goals conceded by a team : 2 Costa Rica </Li> <Li> Best goal difference : + 14 Germany </Li> <Li> Worst goal difference : - 8 Cameroon </Li> <Li> Most goals scored in a match by both teams : 8 Brazil 1 -- 7 Germany </Li> <Li> Most goals scored in a match by one team : 7 Germany against Brazil </Li> <Li> Most goals scored in a match by the losing team : 2 Australia against Netherlands , Switzerland against France , South Korea against Algeria , Nigeria against Argentina </Li> <Li> Biggest margin of victory : 6 goals Brazil 1 -- 7 Germany </Li> <Li> Most clean sheets achieved by a team : 4 Argentina , Germany , Netherlands </Li> <Li> Fewest clean sheets achieved by a team : 0 Algeria , Australia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Cameroon , Ghana , Honduras , Italy , Ivory Coast , Portugal , Russia , South Korea , United States </Li> <Li> Most clean sheets given by an opposing team : 2 Argentina , Brazil , Cameroon , Costa Rica , France , Greece , Honduras , Iran , Italy , Netherlands , Nigeria </Li> <Li> Fewest clean sheets given by an opposing team : 0 Algeria , Colombia , Croatia , Germany , Ghana , Ivory Coast </Li> <Li> Most consecutive clean sheets achieved by a team : 3 Argentina , Netherlands </Li> <Li> Most consecutive clean sheets given by an opposing team : 2 Argentina , Cameroon , Greece , Iran , Italy , Netherlands </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dt> Individual </Dt> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most goals scored by an individual : 6 James Rodríguez </Li> <Li> Most assists given by an individual : 4 Juan Cuadrado , Toni Kroos </Li> <Li> Most goals and assists produced by an individual : 8 James Rodríguez ( 6 goals , 2 assists ) , Thomas Müller ( 5 goals , 3 assists ) </Li> <Li> Most clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper : 4 Jasper Cillessen , Manuel Neuer , Sergio Romero </Li> <Li> Fewest clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper : 0 Igor Akinfeev , Boubacar Barry , Asmir Begović , Beto , Gianluigi Buffon , Iker Casillas , Fatau Dauda , Panagiotis Glykos , Joe Hart , Tim Howard , Charles Itandje , Jung Sung - ryong , Kim Seung - gyu , Adam Kwarasey , Raïs M'Bolhi , Rui Patrício , Mathew Ryan , Salvatore Sirigu , Noel Valladares </Li> <Li> Most consecutive clean sheets achieved by a goalkeeper : 3 Jasper Cillessen , Sergio Romero </Li> <Li> Most goals scored by one player in a match : 3 Thomas Müller for Germany against Portugal , Xherdan Shaqiri for Switzerland against Honduras </Li> <Li> Oldest goal scorer : 37 years and 43 days Noel Valladares ( own goal ) for France against Honduras </Li> <Li> Youngest goal scorer : 19 years and 25 days Julian Green for United States - MS against Belgium </Li> </Ul> <H2> Wins and losses ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Most wins : 6 -- Germany </Li> <Li> Fewest wins : 0 -- Australia , Cameroon , England , Ghana , Honduras , Iran , Japan , Russia , South Korea </Li> <Li> Most losses : 3 -- Australia , Cameroon , Honduras </Li> <Li> Fewest losses : 0 -- Costa Rica , Germany , Netherlands </Li> <Li> Most draws : 3 -- Costa Rica </Li> <Li> Fewest draws : 0 -- Australia , Belgium , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Cameroon , Colombia , Croatia , Honduras , Italy , Ivory Coast , Spain , Switzerland , Uruguay </Li> <Li> Most points in the group stage : 9 -- Argentina , Belgium , Colombia , Netherlands </Li> <Li> Fewest points in the group stage : 0 -- Australia , Cameroon , Honduras </Li> </Ul> <H2> Match awards ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Man of the Match ( edit ) </H3> Main article : 2014 FIFA World Cup awards § Man of the Match <Table> <Tr> <Th> Rank </Th> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Team </Th> <Th> Opponent </Th> <Th> Awards </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Messi , Lionel Lionel Messi </Td> <Td> Argentina </Td> <Td> Bosnia and Herzegovina ( GS ) , Iran ( GS ) , Nigeria ( GS ) , Switzerland ( R16 ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> Navas , Keylor Keylor Navas </Td> <Td> Costa Rica </Td> <Td> England ( GS ) , Greece ( R16 ) , Netherlands ( QF ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Robben , Arjen Arjen Robben </Td> <Td> Netherlands </Td> <Td> Australia ( GS ) , Chile ( GS ) , Brazil ( TP ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Rodriguez , James James Rodríguez </Td> <Td> Colombia </Td> <Td> Greece ( GS ) , Ivory Coast ( GS ) , Uruguay ( R16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 5 </Th> <Td> Benzema , Karim Karim Benzema </Td> <Td> France </Td> <Td> Honduras ( GS ) , Switzerland ( GS ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Gotze , Mario Mario Götze </Td> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> Ghana ( GS ) , Argentina ( F ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Howard , Tim Tim Howard </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> Portugal ( GS ) , Belgium ( R16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Muller , Thomas Thomas Müller </Td> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> Portugal ( GS ) , United States ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Neymar , Neymar </Td> <Td> Brazil </Td> <Td> Croatia ( GS ) , Cameroon ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ochoa , Guillermo Guillermo Ochoa </Td> <Td> Mexico </Td> <Td> Brazil ( GS ) , Netherlands ( R16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Shaqiri , Xherdan Xherdan Shaqiri </Td> <Td> Switzerland </Td> <Td> Ecuador ( GS ) , Honduras ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Slimani , Islam Islam Slimani </Td> <Td> Algeria </Td> <Td> South Korea ( GS ) , Russia ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 13 </Th> <Td> Balotelli , Mario Mario Balotelli </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> England ( GS ) </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Buffon , Gianluigi Gianluigi Buffon </Td> <Td> Italy </Td> <Td> Uruguay ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Campbell , Joel Joel Campbell </Td> <Td> Costa Rica </Td> <Td> Uruguay ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Julio Cesar Júlio César </Td> <Td> Brazil </Td> <Td> Chile ( R16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> De Bruyne , Kevin Kevin De Bruyne </Td> <Td> Belgium </Td> <Td> Algeria ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Dempsey , Clint Clint Dempsey </Td> <Td> United States </Td> <Td> Ghana ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cristiano Ronaldo , Cristiano Ronaldo </Td> <Td> Portugal </Td> <Td> Ghana ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Domínguez , Alexander Alexander Domínguez </Td> <Td> Ecuador </Td> <Td> France ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Dzeko , Edin Edin Džeko </Td> <Td> Bosnia and Herzegovina </Td> <Td> Iran ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hazard , Eden Eden Hazard </Td> <Td> Belgium </Td> <Td> Russia ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Higuaín , Gonzalo Gonzalo Higuaín </Td> <Td> Argentina </Td> <Td> Belgium ( QF ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Honda , Keisuke Keisuke Honda </Td> <Td> Japan </Td> <Td> Greece ( GS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Hummels , Mats Mats Hummels </Td> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> France ( QF ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kroos , Toni Toni Kroos </Td> <Td> Germany </Td> <Td> Brazil ( SF ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> David Luiz , David Luiz </Td> <Td> Brazil </Td> <Td> Colombia ( QF ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> M'Bolhi , Raïs Raïs M'Bolhi </Td> <Td> Algeria </Td>

The top scorer in the 2014 World Cup was

Who was the top scorer in 2014 world cup?

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</Tr> <Tr> <Td> Maddie Ziegler and Travis Wall </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` Cage of Bones '' -- Son Lux </Td> <Td> Travis Wall </Td> <Td> N / A </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Ul> <Li> Duets choreographed by the contestants </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Dancers </Td> <Td> Style </Td> <Td> Music </Td> <Td> Concept </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tate and Kathryn </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` Footprints '' -- Jeff Grace </Td> <Td> Unmasked : Remove your mask to show your imperfections / true self </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida and Fik - shun </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` I Can Make Ya '' -- Fingazz </Td> <Td> Manipulator : Robot Kida teaches robot Fik - shun to loosen up </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> J.T. and Robert </Td> <Td> Jazz </Td> <Td> `` Count on Me '' -- Bruno Mars </Td> <Td> Friendship : Friends can always count on each other </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tahani and Comfort </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` No Flex Zone '' -- Rae Sremmurd </Td> <Td> No Flex Zone : Cool Tahani schools nerdy Comfort </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Emma and Gaby </Td> <Td> Tap </Td> <Td> `` Rather Be '' -- Clean Bandit ( Pentatonix cover ) </Td> <Td> Here With You : Two friends who would rather be together than anywhere else </Td> </Tr> </Table> September 5 , 2016 ( final 4 ) : no Elimination ( edit ) <P> The final four competed on Labor Day . Audience voting after this show was combined with the votes from the August 29 show to determine the results of the season , so there was no elimination this week . The show again opened with a group number for the remaining contestants and the all - stars . The four contestants danced another routine , and later so did the all - stars . Each contestant performed a duet with an all - star who was not his or her mentor , in a new genre , and each also danced a solo in his or her own genre . Finally , the contestants each reprised their favorite routine of the season with their usual all - stars . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Dancers </Td> <Td> Style </Td> <Td> Music </Td> <Td> Choreographer ( s ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Contestants and all - stars </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` You Do n't Own Me '' -- Lesley Gore ( Son Lux featuring Hanna Benn cover ) </Td> <Td> Travis Wall </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Top 4 contestants </Td> <Td> Broadway </Td> <Td> `` Ease on Down the Road '' -- Charlie Smalls ( Diana Ross and Michael Jackson in The Wiz ) </Td> <Td> Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida and Sasha </Td> <Td> African Jazz </Td> <Td> `` Din Daa Daa '' ( Radio Edit ) -- George Kranz ( Kevin Aviance cover ) </Td> <Td> Sean Cheesman </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tate and Jonathan </Td> <Td> Salsa </Td> <Td> `` Robi - Rob 's Boriqua Anthem '' -- C + C Music Factory featuring El General </Td> <Td> Stephanie Stevenson </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Emma and Jenna </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` How Long Will I Love You ? '' -- Mike Scott ( Ellie Goulding cover ) </Td> <Td> Jaci Royal </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> J.T. and Marko </Td> <Td> Bollywood </Td> <Td> `` Malhari '' -- Bajirao Mastani soundtrack </Td> <Td> Nakul Dev Mahajan </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tate and Kathryn </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` She Used to Be Mine '' -- Sara Bareilles </Td> <Td> Travis Wall </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> All - stars , excluding Sasha </Td> <Td> Jazz </Td> <Td> `` Feathery '' -- Milky Chance </Td> <Td> Mandy Korpinen and Elizabeth Petrin </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida and Fik - Shun </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` Winning '' -- Fingazz </Td> <Td> Christopher Scott </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> J.T. and Robert </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` The Mirror '' -- Alexandre Desplat </Td> <Td> Travis Wall </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Emma and Gaby </Td> <Td> Tap </Td> <Td> `` Walk Like an Egyptian '' -- The Bangles ( The Puppini Sisters cover ) </Td> <Td> Anthony Morigerato </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Ul> <Li> Solos : </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Dancer </Td> <Td> Style </Td> <Td> Music </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Emma </Td> <Td> Tap </Td> <Td> `` Someone Who Can Dance '' -- Icona Pop </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> J.T. </Td> <Td> Jazz </Td> <Td> `` Ghost of Sky '' ( Epic Dub ) -- Steed Lord </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tate </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` Easy '' ( Switch Screens ) -- Son Lux featuring Lorde </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` Earned It '' ( Marian Hill Remix ) -- The Weeknd </Td> </Tr> </Table> September 12 , 2016 : finale -- results ( edit ) <P> The episode began with a group dance for all the contestants and all - stars that began with the Top 4 contestants waking up and getting ready for the big day . There were also new group dances for the hip - hop finalists and their all - stars ; the ballroom finalists and their all - stars ; and the contemporary finalists ( plus Emma ) and their all stars . In addition , there was a new group routine for all the finalists plus Maddie Ziegler , and Cat Deely chose to reprise her favorite all - stars routine . During the course of the broadcast , each of the Top 4 reprised their favorite solo of the season , each judge chose two favorite routines to see again , each of the all - stars chose a favorite duet to reprise , and other duets were reprised as described below . Results were announced during the last hour of the show as follows : Emma placed 4th , Tate was 3rd , J.T. was runner - up , and Kida won the $250,000 top prize and will be featured on the cover of Dance Spirit magazine . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Dancers </Td> <Td> Style </Td> <Td> Music </Td> <Td> Choreographer ( s ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Top 4 contestants , joined by Top 10 and all - stars </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` Brand New '' -- Ben Rector </Td> <Td> Christopher Scott and Jamal Sims </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida and Fik - shun </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` I Can Make Ya '' -- Fingazz </Td> <Td> Kida ( Nigel 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Sheaden and Marko </Td> <Td> Hip hop </Td> <Td> `` Treasure ( Bruno Mars song ) '' -- Bruno Mars </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tate and Jonathan </Td> <Td> Salsa </Td> <Td> `` Robi - Rob 's Boriqua Anthem '' -- C + C Music Factory featuring El General </Td> <Td> Stephanie Stevenson ( Maddie 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jordan and Sasha </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` The Light That Never Fails '' -- Andra Day </Td> <Td> Brian Friedman ( Paula 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jake and Jenna </Td> <Td> Ballroom </Td> <Td> `` Ai n't Your Mama '' -- Jennifer Lopez </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Emma and Gaby </Td> <Td> Tap </Td> <Td> `` Salute '' -- Little Mix </Td> <Td> Chloe Arnold ( Jason 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida , Fik - Shun , Sheaden , Marko , Tahani and Comfort </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` Ai n't No Time '' -- Future </Td> <Td> Luther Brown </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tate and Kathryn </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` This Gift '' -- Glen Hansard </Td> <Td> Stacey Tookey ( Kathryn 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Top 10 and Maddie </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` Small '' -- Lamb </Td> <Td> Mandy Moore </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> J.T. and Robert </Td> <Td> Broadway </Td> <Td> `` Mr. Bojangles '' -- Jerry Jeff Walker ( Robbie Williams cover ) </Td> <Td> Al Blackstone ( Nigel 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Jake , Jenna , Ruby , Paul , Daniela and Jonathan </Td> <Td> Ballroom </Td> <Td> `` A Little Party Never Killed Nobody ( All We Got ) '' -- Fergie , Q - Tip and GoonRock </Td> <Td> Dmitry Chaplin and Jenya Shatilova </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tahani and Comfort </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` Pep Rally '' -- Missy Elliott </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Special performance by Sergei Polunin </Td> <Td> Ballet </Td> <Td> `` Diane et Actéon '' -- Cesare Pugni from La Esmeralda </Td> <Td> Sergei Polunin </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ruby and Paul </Td> <Td> Argentine Tango </Td> <Td> `` Malevo '' -- Electro Dub Tango </Td> <Td> Miriam Larici and Leonardo Barrionuevo ( Paula 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> All - stars , excluding Sasha </Td> <Td> Jazz </Td> <Td> `` Feathery '' -- Milky Chance </Td> <Td> Mandy Korpinen and Elizabeth Petrin ( Cat 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida and Fik - Shun </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` The Buzz '' -- Hermitude featuring Big K.R.I.T. , Mataya & Young Tapz </Td> <Td> Misha Gabriel ( Fik - Shun 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tate , Kathryn , Sasha , Jordan , J.T. , Robert , Emma and Gaby </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` Burgs '' -- Mt . Wolf </Td> <Td> Travis Wall </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Daniela and Jonathan </Td> <Td> Ballroom </Td> <Td> `` Marchina ( Remix 14 ) '' -- DJ DLVG </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Ruby and Paul </Td> <Td> Ballroom </Td> <Td> `` Muchacho '' -- Jonny Good </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tahani and Comfort </Td> <Td> Lyrical hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` I 'm Going Down '' -- Rose Royce </Td> <Td> Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo ( Jason 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Emma and Gaby </Td> <Td> Tap </Td> <Td> `` We Will Rock You '' -- Queen </Td> <Td> Nick Young ( Gaby 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida and Tate </Td> <Td> Hip hop </Td> <Td> `` Manolo '' -- Trip Lee featuring Lecrae </Td> <Td> Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo ( Maddie 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> J.T. and Robert </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` Stand in the Light '' -- Jordan Smith </Td> <Td> Mandy Moore ( Robert 's pick ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Ul> <Li> Solos ( contestants ' choice ) : </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Dancer </Td> <Td> Style </Td> <Td> Music </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> J.T. </Td> <Td> Jazz </Td> <Td> `` Feeling Good '' -- from The Roar of the Greasepaint -- The Smell of the Crowd ( Michael Bublé cover ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tate </Td> <Td> Contemporary </Td> <Td> `` Trophy '' -- NAO featuring A.K. Paul </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Emma </Td> <Td> Tap </Td> <Td> `` Expensive '' -- Tori Kelly featuring Daye Jack </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Kida </Td> <Td> Hip - hop </Td> <Td> `` Boogie Bruthas '' -- Fingazz </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Ratings ( edit ) </H2> <H3> US nielsen ratings ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Show </Th> <Th> Episode </Th> <Th> First Air Date </Th> <Th> Rating ( 18 -- 49 ) </Th> <Th> Share ( 18 -- 49 ) </Th> <Th> Viewers ( millions ) </Th> <Th> Rank ( timeslot ) </Th> <Th> Rank ( night ) </Th> <Th> Rank ( week ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Auditions # 1 </Td> <Td> May 30 , 2016 ( 2016 - 05 - 30 ) </Td> <Td> 1.0 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 3.75 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Auditions # 2 </Td> <Td> June 6 , 2016 ( 2016 - 06 - 06 ) </Td> <Td> 1.0 </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> 4.08

The winner of So You Think You Can Dance Season 13 was

Who won so you think you can dance season 13?

-853451338783771197

When a Man Loves a Woman ( song ) - wikipedia <H1> When a Man Loves a Woman ( song ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the Jody Watley song , see When a Man Loves a Woman ( Jody Watley song ) . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` When a Man Loves a Woman '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Single cover </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by Percy Sledge </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> from the album When a Man Loves a Woman </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> B - side </Th> <Td> `` Love Me Like You Mean It '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> March 1966 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Format </Th> <Td> 7 '' vinyl `` 45 '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Recorded </Th> <Td> February 17 , 1966 , Norala Studios , Sheffield , Alabama </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> R&B , soul , blues , traditional pop </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 2 : 51 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Atlantic </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Calvin Lewis , Andrew Wright </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Marlin Greene , Quin Ivy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Percy Sledge singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Warm And Tender Love '' ( 1966 ) </Td> <Td> `` When a Man Loves a Woman '' ( 1966 ) </Td> <Td> `` Baby , Help Me '' ( 1967 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Warm And Tender Love '' ( 1966 ) </Td> <Td> `` When a Man Loves a Woman '' ( 1966 ) </Td> <Td> `` Baby , Help Me '' ( 1967 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> `` When a Man Loves a Woman '' is a song written by Calvin Lewis and Andrew Wright and first recorded by Percy Sledge in 1966 at Norala Sound Studio in Sheffield , Alabama . It made number one on both the Billboard Hot 100 and R&B singles charts . Singer and actress Bette Midler recorded the song 14 years later and had a Top 40 hit with her version in 1980 . In 1991 , Michael Bolton recorded the song and his version peaked at number one on both the Billboard Hot 100 chart and the Billboard Adult Contemporary Singles chart . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Percy Sledge version <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Background </Li> <Li> 1.2 Reception </Li> <Li> 1.3 Writing dispute </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Michael Bolton version <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Background </Li> <Li> 2.2 Chart performance <Ul> <Li> 2.2. 1 Weekly charts </Li> <Li> 2.2. 2 Year - end charts </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Other versions </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Percy Sledge version ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Background ( edit ) </H3> <P> The song was initially recorded by Percy Sledge at Rick Hall 's FAME Studios at Muscle Shoals , before being re-recorded at the nearby Norala Studios owned by Quin Ivy . The sidemen for the recording included Spooner Oldham , Farfisa organ ; Marlin Greene , guitar ; Albert `` Junior '' Lowe , double bass and Roger Hawkins , drums . Andrew Wright and Calvin Lewis did not play on the record . Rick Hall arranged a distribution deal with Atlantic Records , but Jerry Wexler asked that the song be re-recorded because the horns were out of tune . According to musician David Hood , `` They went back in the studio and changed the horns , got different horn players to play on it . But then the tapes got mixed up and Atlantic put out their original version . So that 's the hit . '' </P> <H3> Reception ( edit ) </H3> <P> Released by Atlantic Records in April 1966 , Sledge 's recording reached number one on both the Billboard Hot 100 and R&B singles charts , becoming the first number 1 hit recorded in Muscle Shoals . It is also one of seven number 1 hits to debut on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 100 . The single was also a top ten hit in the UK reaching number four on its initial release and ultimately peaking at number two in 1987 on the UK Singles Chart after it was featured in a Levi 's Jeans commercial . The Percy Sledge version is listed 53rd in Rolling Stone 's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time . Also in 1987 , it was reissued in the US to promote the soundtrack album for Oliver Stone 's film Platoon . </P> <H3> Writing dispute ( edit ) </H3> <P> The precise authorship of the song has been disputed . Calvin Lewis and Andrew Wright were members of the Esquires , a band in Sheffield , Alabama fronted by singer Percy Sledge . According to Wright , `` We were set to play a Friday night dance , and we were practicing ... I was messing around on the organ when this riff came up out of nowhere . There was no one in the club but us . I told Calvin to go home and write some words . '' The next night , they rehearsed the emerging song with Sledge , changed it around , and soon afterwards auditioned the song for local businessman and radio DJ Quin Ivy . He liked the song , but suggested that some of the words be changed to give a more positive message . Wright said that `` we kept some of the phrases , worked on it for several weeks , and spent quite a bit of time in the studio . '' </P> <P> Although the writing of the song is credited to Lewis and Wright , Sledge later claimed that he should have received a co-writing credit . In one story , Sledge said that one night he was upset over a broken relationship , and asked Lewis and Wright to play a slow blues over which he improvised lyrics describing his emotions ; Quin Ivy was at the show and asked the band to refine the lyrics so that it could be recorded . Sledge claimed that he allowed Lewis and Wright to take the writing credits because they gave him the opportunity `` to sing his heart out '' . </P> <P> In another interview , Sledge said : </P> <P> `` When I wrote the song at first , it was called ' Why Did You Leave Me Baby . ' And I changed it from that to ' When a Man Loves a Woman . ' I just reversed it . Quin told me that if I was to write some lyrics around that melody and the expression I 'd put into ' Why Did You Leave Me Baby , ' he believed it would 've been a hit record . He was one of the top disc jockeys at that time . Sure enough , he asked me if I had any lyrics for that . He said , ' That 's it ! Write a story around that title ! What a song that would be with that feeling you had ! ' It was a song that was meant to be . It was n't just what I had done ; it was the musicians , the producer , the background singers , the right time . '' </P> <H2> Michael Bolton version ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Background ( edit ) </H3> <P> `` When a Man Loves a Woman '' was recorded by singer Michael Bolton in 1991 for his album Time , Love & Tenderness . His version of the song reached number one on the U.S. pop and adult contemporary singles charts . Bolton also received a Grammy Award for this song . This version has the distinction of being the last number one song to chart on the old Billboard Hot 100 charting system which relied on sales and airplay reports before switching over to Soundscan . </P> <H3> Chart performance ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Weekly charts ( edit ) <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 1992 ) </Th> <Th> Rank </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> U.S. Billboard Hot 100 </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> Year - end charts ( edit ) <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 1991 ) </Th> <Th> Position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) </Td> <Td> 57 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 1992 ) </Th> <Th> Position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> U.S. Billboard Hot 100 </Td> <Td> 54 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Other versions ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> A version of the song with revised lyrics , `` When a Woman Loves a Man '' , was recorded by Esther Phillips in late 1966 and reached number 73 on the Hot 100 and number 26 on the R&B chart . </Li> <Li> American singer and actress Bette Midler recorded the song in 1979 for the film The Rose . Her version of the single was released in 1980 and reached number 35 in the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . </Li> <Li> Three separate country music versions have made the Hot Country Songs charts : John Wesley Ryles ( number 72 in 1976 ) , Jack Grayson and Blackjack ( number 18 in 1981 ) and Narvel Felts ( number 60 in 1987 ) . </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Gilliland , John ( 1969 ) . `` Show 52 -- The Soul Reformation : Phase three , soul music at the summit . ( Part 8 ) : UNT Digital Library '' ( audio ) . Pop Chronicles . University of North Texas Libraries . Track 3 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Whitburn , Joel ( 2004 ) . Top R&B / Hip - Hop Singles : 1942 - 2004 . Record Research . p. 533 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` When a Man Loves a Woman '' , Songfacts.com . Retrieved 14 April 2015 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Whitburn , Joel ( 2004 ) . Top R&B / Hip - Hop Singles : 1942 - 2004 . Record Research . p. 533 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Vernell Hackett , `` Writers Pen Only One Hit : But ... When A Man Loves A Woman '' Is A Definite Hit `` , American Songwriter , September 1 , 1994 . Retrieved 14 April 2015 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Randall Roberts , `` Percy Sledge 's ' When a Man Loves a Woman , ' a great American ballad '' , LA Times , April 14 , 2015 . Retrieved April 14 , 2015 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Billboard Top 100 - 1992 '' . Retrieved 2010 - 07 - 30 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` RPM 100 Hit Tracks of 1991 '' . RPM . Retrieved November 23 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Billboard Top 100 - 1992 '' . Retrieved 2010 - 07 - 30 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Whitburn , Joel ( 1996 ) . Top R&B / Hip - Hop Singles : 1942 - 1995 . Record Research . p. 348 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Whitburn , Joel ( 2008 ) . Hot Country Songs 1944 to 2008 . Record Research , Inc. p. 367 . ISBN 0 - 89820 - 177 - 2 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Whitburn , p. 168 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Whitburn , p. 143 </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Percy Sledge article on The Standard Report </Li> <Li> `` When a Man Loves a Woman '' in Rolling Stone 's 500 Greatest Songs </Li> <Li> Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Preceded by `` Monday , Monday '' by The Mamas & the Papas </Td>

The song "When a Man Loves a Woman" was written by

Who wrote when a man loves a woman?

2747706330327946050

Salisbury steak - wikipedia <H1> Salisbury steak </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> Salisbury steak <Tr> <Th> Course </Th> <Td> entrée or main </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Place of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Created by </Th> <Td> J.H. Salisbury </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Serving temperature </Th> <Td> Hot </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Main ingredients </Th> <Td> ground beef </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ingredients generally used </Th> <Td> various </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Similar dishes </Th> <Td> Hamburger </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Cookbook : Salisbury steak Media : Salisbury steak </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Part of a series on </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Steak </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Main articles ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Steak </Li> <Li> Beefsteak </Li> <Li> Fish steak </Li> <Li> Pork steak </Li> <Li> List of steak dishes </Li> <Li> Steakhouse </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Steak dishes ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Asado </Li> <Li> Beef Manhattan </Li> <Li> Beef Wellington </Li> <Li> Boiled beef </Li> <Li> Bulgogi </Li> <Li> Carpetbag steak </Li> <Li> Carne asada </Li> <Li> Chateaubriand steak </Li> <Li> Cheesesteak </Li> <Li> Chicken fried steak </Li> <Li> Bistek Tagalog </Li> <Li> Bollito Misto </Li> <Li> Delmonico steak </Li> <Li> Fajita </Li> <Li> Finger steaks </Li> <Li> Hamburg steak </Li> <Li> London broil </Li> <Li> Mongolian beef </Li> <Li> Pepper steak </Li> <Li> Pot roast </Li> <Li> Prawn cocktail , steak and Black Forest gateau </Li> <Li> Roast beef </Li> <Li> Italian beef </Li> <Li> Salisbury steak </Li> <Li> Sha cha beef </Li> <Li> Shawarma </Li> <Li> Standing rib roast </Li> <Li> Steak and eggs </Li> <Li> Steak and kidney pie </Li> <Li> Steak and kidney pudding </Li> <Li> Steak and oyster pie </Li> <Li> Steak au poivre </Li> <Li> Steak burger </Li> <Li> Steak de Burgo </Li> <Li> Steak Diane </Li> <Li> Steak frites </Li> <Li> Steak sandwich </Li> <Li> Steak tartare </Li> <Li> Suadero </Li> <Li> Surf and turf </Li> <Li> Swiss steak </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cuts ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Cuts of beef </Li> <Li> Forequarter cuts </Li> <Li> Hindquarter cuts </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Preparation ( show ) <Ul> <Li> Barbecue </Li> <Li> Braising </Li> <Li> Meat chop </Li> <Li> Curing ( food preservation ) </Li> <Li> Frying </Li> <Li> Aging </Li> <Li> Marination </Li> <Li> Pickling </Li> <Li> Poaching ( cooking ) </Li> <Li> Roasting </Li> <Li> Salt - cured meat </Li> <Li> Smoked </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Related topics ( show ) <Ul> <Li> List of beef dishes </Li> <Li> Meat on the bone </Li> <Li> Restructured steak </Li> <Li> Steak knife </Li> <Li> Steak sauce </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Salisbury steak is a dish made from a blend of ground beef and other ingredients and is usually served with gravy or brown sauce . Hamburg steak is a similar product but differs in ingredients . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History </Li> <Li> 2 Standards of identity ( for packaged product ) </Li> <Li> 3 Around the world </Li> <Li> 4 See also </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> <P> The term `` Salisbury steak '' has been in use in the United States since 1897 . The dish is named after an American physician , James H. Salisbury ( 1823 -- 1905 ) . The dish is popular in the United States , where it is traditionally served with gravy and mashed potatoes or pasta . </P> <H2> Standards of identity ( for packaged product ) ( edit ) </H2> <P> The USDA standards for processed , packaged `` Salisbury steak '' require a minimum content of 65 % meat , of which up to 25 % can be pork , except if de-fatted beef or pork is used , the limit is 12 % combined . No more than 30 % may be fat . Meat byproducts are not permitted ; however , beef heart meat is allowed . Extender ( bread crumbs , flour , oat flakes , etc . ) content is limited to 12 % , except isolated soy protein at 6.8 % is considered equivalent to 12 % of the others . The remainder consists of seasonings , fungi or vegetables ( onion , bell pepper , mushroom or the like ) , binders ( can include egg ) and liquids ( such as water , milk , cream , skim milk , buttermilk , brine , vinegar etc . ) . The product must be fully cooked , or else labelled `` Patties for Salisbury Steak '' . </P> <P> The standards for hamburger limit the meat to beef only , and of skeletal origin only . Salt , seasonings and vegetables in condimental proportions can be used , but liquids , binders and / or extenders preclude the use of the term `` hamburger '' or `` burger '' . With these added , the product is considered `` beef patties '' . </P> <P> Products not made in USDA - inspected establishments are not bound by these standards and may be bound by other standards which vary from country to country . </P> <H2> Around the world ( edit ) </H2> <P> Hamburg steak is a very similar dish . </P> <P> In Sweden , Pannbiff is similar to a Salisbury steak and is often made by a mix of ground pork and beef , chopped onions , salt and pepper . It is served with boiled potatoes , gravy made from cream , caramelized onions and lingonberries . It is a very traditional dish that is common in the husman cuisine . </P> <P> Minced cutlet ( котлета рубленая , kotleta rublenaya ) , or , since the late 19th century , simply `` cutlet '' , is a staple of Russian cuisine . It is similar to a Salisbury steak , with the main difference being pure beef is rarely employed -- usually pork or a beef - pork mixture is used . The meat is seasoned with salt and pepper , mixed with finely chopped onion ( optionally fried ) , garlic , and a binder ( eggs and breadcrumbs soaked in milk ) , divided into oval - shaped patties , lightly breaded and shallow - fried in a half - inch of vegetable oil . The similarly named Japanese dish , menchi katsu , is always deep - fried and heavily breaded , being essentially a mincemeat croquette , while the Russian version is always shallow - fried . </P> <P> Grillsteaks are a similar product sold in the UK . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hamburg steaks . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Ul> <Li> Meatloaf </Li> <Li> Swiss steak </Li> <Li> Rissole </Li> <Li> Frikadeller </Li> <Li> Tteok - galbi </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Salisbury steak '' . Merriam - Webster on line . Merriam - Webster . Retrieved 2009 - 01 - 28 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Andrew F. Smith ( 2013 ) . `` Salisbury steak '' . Food and Drink in American History : A `` Full Course '' Encyclopedia . EBSCO ebook academic collection . ABC - CLIO . pp. 776 -- 777 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 61069 - 233 - 5 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Food Standards and Labeling Policy , USDA , FSIS , September 2005 , p. 165 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Food Standards and Labeling Policy , USDA , FSIS , September 2005 , p. 67 </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Collins English Dictionary '' . </Li> </Ol> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Beef and veal </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Argentine beef </Li> <Li> Beef cattle </Li> <Li> Cow - calf operation </Li> <Li> Feeder cattle </Li> <Li> Kobe beef </Li> <Li> Organic beef </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Products </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Cuts </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Blade steak </Li> <Li> Brisket </Li> <Li> Chateaubriand steak </Li> <Li> Chuck steak </Li> <Li> Fajita </Li> <Li> Filet mignon </Li> <Li> Flank steak </Li> <Li> Flap steak </Li> <Li> Hanger steak </Li> <Li> Plate </Li> <Li> Ranch steak </Li> <Li> Restructured steak </Li> <Li> Rib eye </Li> <Li> Rib steak </Li> <Li> Round </Li> <Li> Rump </Li> <Li> Short loin </Li> <Li> Short ribs </Li> <Li> Shoulder tender </Li> <Li> Sirloin </Li> <Li> Top sirloin </Li> <Li> Skirt steak </Li> <Li> Spare ribs </Li> <Li> Standing rib roast </Li> <Li> Strip </Li> <Li> Shank </Li> <Li> T - bone </Li> <Li> Tenderloin </Li> <Li> Tri-tip </Li> <Li> Trotters </Li> <Li> Tail </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Processed </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jerky </Li> <Li> Aged </Li> <Li> Bresaola </Li> <Li> Cabeza </Li> <Li> Corned beef </Li> <Li> Frankfurter Rindswurst </Li> <Li> Ground </Li> <Li> Montreal smoked </Li> <Li> Pastrami </Li> <Li> Meat extract </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Offal </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Brain </Li> <Li> Heart </Li> <Li> Tongue </Li> <Li> Tendon </Li> <Li> Tripas </Li> <Li> Tripe </Li> <Li> Testicles </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Dishes </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Beefsteak <Ul> <Li> List of steak dishes </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Blanquette de veau </Li> <Li> Beef Wellington </Li> <Li> Beef bourguignon </Li> <Li> Beef bun </Li> <Li> Beef Manhattan </Li> <Li> Beef noodle soup </Li> <Li> Beef on weck </Li> <Li> Beef Stroganoff </Li> <Li> Boiled beef </Li> <Li> Bulgogi </Li> <Li> Calf 's liver and bacon </Li> <Li> Cheesesteak </Li> <Li> Chicken fried steak </Li> <Li> Cordon bleu </Li> <Li> Dendeng </Li> <Li> Feu </Li> <Li> French dip </Li> <Li> Ginger beef </Li> <Li> Galbi </Li> <Li> Gored gored </Li> <Li> Gyūdon </Li> <Li> Hamburg steak </Li> <Li> Hortobágyi palacsinta </Li> <Li> Iga penyet </Li> <Li> Italian beef </Li> <Li> Jellied veal </Li> <Li> Karađorđeva šnicla </Li> <Li> Kitfo </Li> <Li> London broil </Li> <Li> Mongolian beef </Li> <Li> Neobiani </Li> <Li> Ossobuco </Li> <Li> Pot roast </Li> <Li> Pozharsky cutlet </Li> <Li> P'tcha </Li> <Li> Ragout fin </Li> <Li> Rawon </Li> <Li> Rendang </Li> <Li> Roast beef <Ul> <Li> Roast beef sandwich </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Salisbury steak </Li> <Li> Saltimbocca </Li> <Li> Sha cha beef </Li> <Li> Shooter 's sandwich </Li> <Li> Steak and kidney pudding </Li> <Li> Steak Diane </Li> <Li> Steak and eggs </Li> <Li> Steak and oyster pie </Li> <Li> Steak au poivre </Li> <Li> Tartare </Li> <Li> Tafelspitz </Li> <Li> Tongseng </Li> <Li> Veal Milanese </Li> <Li> Veal Orloff </Li> <Li> Veal Oscar </Li> <Li> Vitello tonnato </Li> <Li> Wallenbergare </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Related meats </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> American bison </Li> <Li> Beefalo </Li> <Li> Water buffalo </Li> <Li> Żubroń </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Other </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Bovine spongiform encephalopathy </Li> <Li> Beef hormone controversy </Li> <Li> Beef ring </Li> <Li> Carcass grade </Li> <Li> Darkcutter </Li> <Li> Meat on the bone </Li> <Li> Ractopamine - Beef </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th> USA beef imports </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Japan </Li> <Li> Taiwan </Li> <Li> South Korea ( 2008 US beef protest in South Korea ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="3"> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Hamburgers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Types </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Angus burger </Li> <Li> Buffalo burger </Li> <Li> Bun kebab </Li> <Li> Cheeseburger </Li> <Li> Chili burger </Li> <Li> Hamburger </Li> <Li> Hamdog </Li> <Li> Jucy / Juicy Lucy </Li> <Li> Luther Burger </Li> <Li> Naan burger </Li> <Li> Patty melt </Li> <Li> Rice burger </Li> <Li> Slider </Li> <Li> Slopper </Li> <Li> Slugburger </Li> <Li> Steak burger </Li> <Li> Veggie burger </Li> </Ul> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Brand name </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Bacon Deluxe </Li> <Li> Baconator </Li> <Li> Big Classic </Li> <Li> Big King </Li> <Li> Big Mac </Li> <Li>

The main difference between Salisbury steak and hamburger steak lies in their

What's the difference between salisbury steak and hamburger steak?

-5299749370232228058

Meninges - wikipedia <H1> Meninges </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> It has been suggested that Subarachnoid space be merged into this article . ( Discuss ) Proposed since January 2018 . </Td> </Tr> </Table> `` Meninx '' redirects here . For the Tunisian island formerly known as `` Meninx '' , see Djerba . <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( June 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Meninges </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> The meninges : dura mater , arachnoid mater and pia mater </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Details </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Artery </Th> <Td> middle meningeal artery , meningeal branches of the ascending pharyngeal artery , accessory meningeal artery , branch of anterior ethmoidal artery , meningeal branches of vertebral artery </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Nerve </Th> <Td> middle meningeal nerve , nervus spinosus </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Latin </Th> <Td> Meninges </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MeSH </Th> <Td> D008578 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TA </Th> <Td> A14. 1.01. 001 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FMA </Th> <Td> 231572 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The meninges ( / məˈnɪndʒiːz / , singular : meninx ( / ˈmiːnɪŋks / or / ˈmɛnɪŋks / ) , from Ancient Greek : μῆνιγξ , translit . mēninx , lit . ' membrane ' , adjectival : meningeal / məˈnɪndʒəl / ) are the three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord . In mammals , the meninges are the dura mater , the arachnoid mater , and the pia mater . Cerebrospinal fluid is located in the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater . The primary function of the meninges is to protect the central nervous system . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Structure <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Dura mater </Li> <Li> 1.2 Arachnoid mater </Li> <Li> 1.3 Pia mater </Li> <Li> 1.4 Leptomeninges </Li> <Li> 1.5 Spaces </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Clinical significance </Li> <Li> 3 Other animals </Li> <Li> 4 Additional images </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Structure ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Dura mater ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Dura mater <P> The dura mater ( Latin : tough mother ) ( also rarely called meninx fibrosa or pachymeninx ) is a thick , durable membrane , closest to the skull and vertebrae . The dura mater , the outermost part , is a loosely arranged , fibroelastic layer of cells , characterized by multiple interdigitating cell processes , no extracellular collagen , and significant extracellular spaces . The middle region is a mostly fibrous portion . It consists of two layers : the endosteal layer , which lies closest to the calvaria ( skullcap ) , and the inner meningeal layer , which lies closer to the brain . It contains larger blood vessels that split into the capillaries in the pia mater . It is composed of dense fibrous tissue , and its inner surface is covered by flattened cells like those present on the surfaces of the pia mater and arachnoid mater . The dura mater is a sac that envelops the arachnoid mater and surrounds and supports the large dural sinuses carrying blood from the brain toward the heart . </P> <P> The dura has four areas of infolding : </P> <Ul> <Li> Falx cerebri , the largest , sickle - shaped ; separates the cerebral hemispheres . Starts from the frontal crest of frontal bone and the crista galli running to the internal occipital protuberance . </Li> <Li> Tentorium cerebelli , the second largest , crescent - shaped ; separates the occipital lobes from cerebellum . The falx cerebri attaches to it giving a tentlike appearance . </Li> <Li> Falx cerebelli , vertical infolding ; lies inferior to the tentorium cerebelli , separating the cerebellar hemispheres . </Li> <Li> Diaphragma sellae , smallest infolding ; covers the pituitary gland and sella turcica . </Li> </Ul> <H3> Arachnoid mater ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Arachnoid mater <P> The middle element of the meninges is the arachnoid mater , so named because of its spider web - like appearance . It cushions the central nervous system . This thin , transparent membrane is composed of fibrous tissue and , like the pia mater , is covered by flat cells also thought to be impermeable to fluid . </P> <P> The shape of the arachnoid does not follow the convolutions of the surface of the brain and so looks like a loosely fitting sac . In particular , in the region of the brain a large number of fine filaments called arachnoid trabeculae pass from the arachnoid through the subarachnoid space to blend with the tissue of the pia mater . The arachnoid is composed of an outermost portion ( arachnoid barrier cell layer ) with tightly packed cells and no extracellular collagen ; that is why it is considered to represent an effective morphological and physiological meningeal barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid and subarachnoid space and the blood circulation in the dura . </P> <P> The arachnoid barrier layer is characterized by a distinct continuous basal lamina on its inner surface toward the innermost collagenous portion of the arachnoid reticular layer . </P> <H3> Pia mater ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Pia mater <P> The pia mater ( Latin : tender mother ) is a very delicate membrane . It is the meningeal envelope that firmly adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord , following all of the brain 's contours ( the gyri and sulci ) . It is a very thin membrane composed of fibrous tissue covered on its outer surface by a sheet of flat cells thought to be impermeable to fluid . The pia mater is pierced by blood vessels to the brain and spinal cord , and its capillaries nourish the brain . </P> <H3> Leptomeninges ( edit ) </H3> <P> The arachnoid and pia mater together are sometimes called the leptomeninges , literally `` thin meninges '' ( Greek : λεπτός leptos - thin ) . Acute meningococcal meningitis can lead to an exudate within the leptomeninges along the surface of the brain . Because the arachnoid is connected to the pia by cob - web like strands , it is structurally continuous with the pia , hence the name pia - arachnoid or leptomeninges . They are responsible for the production of beta - trace protein ( prostaglandin D synthase ) a major cerebrospinal fluid protein . </P> <H3> Spaces ( edit ) </H3> Main article : Subarachnoid space <P> The subarachnoid space is the space that normally exists between the arachnoid and the pia mater , which is filled with cerebrospinal fluid . </P> <P> The dura mater is attached to the skull , whereas in the spinal cord , the dura mater is separated from the bone ( vertebrae ) by a space called the epidural space , which contains fat and blood vessels . The arachnoid is attached to the dura mater , while the pia mater is attached to the central nervous system tissue . When the dura mater and the arachnoid separate through injury or illness , the space between them is the subdural space . There is a subpial space underneath the pia mater that separates it from the glia limitans . </P> <H2> Clinical significance ( edit ) </H2> <P> Injuries involving the meninges , can result in a hemorrhage and two types of hematoma . </P> <Ul> <Li> A subarachnoid hemorrhage is acute bleeding under the arachnoid ; it may occur spontaneously or as a result of trauma . </Li> <Li> A subdural hematoma is a hematoma ( collection of blood ) located in a separation of the arachnoid from the dura mater . The small veins that connect the dura mater and the arachnoid are torn , usually during an accident , and blood leaks into this area . </Li> <Li> An epidural hematoma may arise after an accident or spontaneously . </Li> </Ul> <P> Other medical conditions that affect the meninges include meningitis ( usually from fungal , bacterial , or viral infection ) and meningiomas that arise from the meninges , or from meningeal carcinomatoses ( tumors ) that form elsewhere in the body and metastasize to the meninges . </P> <H2> Other animals ( edit ) </H2> <P> In fish , there is a single membrane known as the primitive meninx . In other vertebrates -- amphibians , reptiles and birds , the meninges include a thick outer dura mater and a thick inner secondary meninx . In the early 1900s , Giuseppe Sterzi an Italian anatomist carried out comparative studies on the meninges from the lancelet to man . Contrary to previous reports the spinal meninges were seen to be very simple , both in the adult lower vertebrates and in the early developmental stages of the more advanced vertebrates . From the mesenchyme surrounding the neural tube only a single leaflet forms the primitive meninx . In the following phylogenetic and ontogenetic stages , the latter divides into an internal leaflet : the secondary meninx , and into an external one : the dura mater . Finally , in higher vertebrates , even the secondary meninx divides into the arachnoid and the pia . In the same animals , Sterzi demonstrated that , while in the spinal medulla the dura keeps its identity , in the skull it fuses with the periosteum . He also demonstrated the continuity of all meninges with the envelopes of nerves and with the filum terminale . </P> <P> Mammals ( as higher vertebrates ) retain the dura mater , and the secondary meninx divides into the arachnoid and pia mater . </P> <H2> Additional images ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> <P> Diagrammatic representation of a section across the top of the skull </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Diagrammatic section of scalp . </P> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> <P> Illustration of the work by Antonio Pacchioni Disquisitio anatomicae de durae meningis ... published in Acta Eruditorum , 1703 </P> </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ OED 2nd edition , 1989 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Entry `` meninges '' in Merriam - Webster Online Dictionary , retrieved 2012 - 07 - 28 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Entry `` meninx '' in Merriam - Webster Online Dictionary , retrieved 2012 - 07 - 28 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ μῆνιγξ . Liddell , Henry George ; Scott , Robert ; A Greek -- English Lexicon at the Perseus Project . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Scalp Anatomy : Structure , Nerve Supply , Arterial Supply '' . 20 June 2017 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Entry `` pia mater '' in Merriam - Webster Online Dictionary , retrieved 2015 - 11 - 27 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` leptomeninges - definition of leptomeninges in English Oxford Dictionaries '' . Oxford Dictionaries English . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Kumar , Vinay ( 2015 ) . Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Mechanisms of Disease . Philadelphia : Elsevier Saunders . p. 1273 . In acute meningitis , an exudate is evident within the leptomeninges over the surface of the brain ( Fig. 28 - 21 ) . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Yamashima , Tetsumori ; Sakuda , Kazushige ; Tohma , Yasuo ; Yamashita , Junkoh ; Oda , Hiroshi ; Irikura , Daisuke ; Eguchi , Naomi ; Beuckmann , Carsten T. ; Kanaoka , Yoshihide ; Urade , Yoshihiro ; Hayaishi , Osamu ( 1 April 1997 ) . `` Prostaglandin D Synthase ( β - Trace ) in Human Arachnoid and Meningioma Cells : Roles as a Cell Marker or in Cerebrospinal Fluid Absorption , Tumorigenesis

The three layers of the meninges are the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and

What are the 3 layers of the meninges?

7360950199336751900

Puss in Boots ( 2011 film ) - wikipedia <H1> Puss in Boots ( 2011 film ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Puss in Boots </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Theatrical release poster </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Td> Chris Miller </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Produced by </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Latifa Ouaou </Li> <Li> Joe M. Aguilar </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Written by </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Tom Wheeler </Li> <Li> Will Davies </Li> <Li> Brian Lynch </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Starring </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Antonio Banderas </Li> <Li> Zach Galifianakis </Li> <Li> Salma Hayek </Li> <Li> Billy Bob Thornton </Li> <Li> Amy Sedaris </Li> <Li> Constance Marie </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Music by </Th> <Td> Henry Jackman </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Edited by </Th> <Td> Eric Dapkewicz </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company </Th> <Td> DreamWorks Animation </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributed by </Th> <Td> Paramount Pictures </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Release date </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> October 16 , 2011 ( 2011 - 10 - 16 ) ( Allure of the Seas ) </Li> <Li> October 28 , 2011 ( 2011 - 10 - 28 ) ( United States ) </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 90 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Budget </Th> <Td> $130 million </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Box office </Th> <Td> $555 million </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Puss in Boots is a 2011 American 3D computer - animated fantasy action comedy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It was directed by Chris Miller ( who also directed 2007 's Shrek the Third ) and written by Brian Lynch and Tom Wheeler . It stars Antonio Banderas , Salma Hayek , Zach Galifianakis , Billy Bob Thornton and Amy Sedaris . The film was released in theaters on October 28 , 2011 in Digital 3D and IMAX 3D . </P> <P> Although the character of Puss in Boots originated in a European fairy tale in 1697 , the film is a spin - off prequel to the Shrek franchise . It follows the character Puss in Boots on his adventures before his first appearance in Shrek 2 in 2004 . Accompanied by his friends , Humpty Dumpty and Kitty Softpaws , Puss is pitted against Jack and Jill , two murderous outlaws in ownership of legendary magical beans which lead to great fortune . </P> <P> Puss in Boots grossed $554.9 million at the box office . It was nominated for Best Animated Feature at the 84th Academy Awards . A television series , titled The Adventures of Puss in Boots , premiered on Netflix in 2015 . A sequel film , titled Puss in Boots 2 : Nine Lives & 40 Thieves , was scheduled to be released in 2018 , but removed from the DreamWorks schedule in early 2015 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Cast </Li> <Li> 3 Production </Li> <Li> 4 Soundtrack </Li> <Li> 5 Release <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Home media </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Reception <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Critical response </Li> <Li> 6.2 Box office </Li> <Li> 6.3 Accolades </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Expanded franchise <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Sequel </Li> <Li> 7.2 Animated series </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Video games </Li> <Li> 9 Notes </Li> <Li> 10 References </Li> <Li> 11 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Puss in Boots ( Antonio Banderas ) is a talking cat named for his signature pair of boots . Puss is a fugitive on the run from the law , looking to restore his lost honor . He learns that the outlaw couple Jack ( Billy Bob Thornton ) and Jill ( Amy Sedaris ) have the magic beans he 's been looking for most of his life , which can lead him to a giant 's castle holding valuable golden goose eggs . When Puss tries to steal them from the outlaws ' room , a female cat named Kitty Softpaws interrupts , and both fail . Kitty is allied with Humpty Alexander Dumpty , a talking egg and Puss ' long - estranged childhood friend from the orphanage where he was raised . Puss tells Kitty his origin story and of his feelings of betrayal for a youthful misadventure when Humpty tricked Puss into helping commit a bank robbery in his hometown of San Ricardo ; Puss has been on the run ever since . Humpty eventually convinces Puss to join them in finding the beans and retrieving the golden eggs . </P> <P> The trio steal the beans from Jack and Jill and plant them in the desert . Puss and Kitty 's relationship becomes romantic . The trio ride the beanstalk into the clouds to find the castle of the late giant , while avoiding the Great Terror , a giant goose that guards the Golden Goose . When they realize the golden eggs are too heavy to carry , they steal the Goose , which is just a gosling , and escape the castle . While celebrating their victory , the group is ambushed by Jack and Jill , who knock Puss unconscious . </P> <P> When Puss wakes up , he tracks Jack and Jill to San Ricardo where he learns the entire heist was a plot by Humpty to lure him home to be arrested , as revenge for abandoning him to the authorities when Humpty 's youthful heist went bad . Jack , Jill , and Kitty were involved in the con . After pleas from Imelda , his adoptive mother , Puss turns himself in to the guards while Humpty donates many golden eggs to the town and becomes a hero . </P> <P> While in prison , Puss meets the original Jack from `` Jack and the Beanstalk '' who warns him that the Great Terror is in fact the Goose 's mother , and it will stop at nothing to get its child back . Realizing Humpty intended to destroy the town all along , Puss lets a repentant Kitty help him break out of prison and she also tells him she loves him . Tracking him down just as the Great Terror arrives , Puss convinces Humpty to help him fight off the Great Terror , saying he knows Humpty is a good person at heart . Using the Goose as bait , Puss and Humpty lure the Great Terror out of the town . During the chase , Jack and Jill betray Humpty and try to take the Goose , but get crushed by the Great Terror . Humpty and the Goose are knocked off a bridge with Puss holding onto them . Humpty knows Puss can not hold both of them , so he lets go , sacrificing himself to save the Goose and the town . Humpty 's shell cracks open to reveal he was a golden egg on the inside . The Great Terror then takes the Goose and Humpty back to the giant 's castle . </P> <P> Puss ' efforts to save San Ricardo make him a hero among the townspeople and Imelda . In the epilogue , Jack and Jill are recovering from their injuries , Humpty is shown once again in his regular egg form , wearing a golden egg suit , as he rides the Great Terror into the clouds , and Puss and Kitty kiss . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> Salma Hayek , Antonio Banderas and Puss in Boots at a premiere of the film in Paris . <Ul> <Li> Antonio Banderas as Puss in Boots , a fugitive from the law and a hero of San Ricardo . </Li> <Li> Zach Galifianakis as Humpty Alexander Dumpty , the mastermind who intends to retrieve the Golden Eggs from the one - of - a-kind Goose . </Li> <Li> Salma Hayek as Kitty Softpaws , a street - savvy Tuxedo cat who is Puss ' female counterpart and love interest . </Li> <Li> Billy Bob Thornton and Amy Sedaris as Jack and Jill , a murderous outlaw husband and wife couple . </Li> <Li> Constance Marie as Imelda , Puss ' human adoptive mother </Li> <Li> Guillermo del Toro as Comandante , Moustache Man </Li> <Li> Mike Mitchell as Andy `` Jack '' Beanstalk </Li> </Ul> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> <P> The film had been in development since 2004 , when Shrek 2 was released . As a Shrek 2 spin - off , it was initially planned for release in 2008 as a direct - to - video film , then titled Puss in Boots : The Story of an Ogre Killer . By October 2006 , the film was re-slated as a theatrical release due to market conditions , and due to DreamWorks Animation 's realization that the Puss character deserved more . </P> <P> In September 2010 , Guillermo del Toro signed on as executive producer . Discussing del Toro , Miller stated : `` We worked out a system for him to come in once every few months or whenever we had something new to show him . If we needed someone to bounce ideas off of , he was always there , and if we had a problem we were tackling , we 'd get Guillermo on the red phone -- our emergency phone -- and ask him advice on what we should do with a certain character or scene . It was like having our own film school . '' Miller stated that del Toro was particularly involved in Humpty 's character design . `` Guillermo loved the dreamy quality of Humpty Dumpty . He suggested we push that further , make him more like da Vinci . '' It was del Toro 's idea to make Humpty `` an ingenious freak of nature '' who builds contraptions such as a flying machine . Del Toro rewrote the ending to redeem the character and deepen his relationship with Puss -- an unconventional conclusion for a children 's film . He helped design the fantasy elements of the giant 's castle , as well as the architecture of the town , which he conceived as `` an amalgam of Spain and Mexico '' . </P> <P> Except for Puss , the film features new characters . Citing the co-writer , David H. Steinberg , `` It does n't overlap with Shrek at all . Partly that was done to tell an original Puss story , but partly because we did n't know what Shrek 4 were going to do with the characters and we could n't write conflicting storylines . '' The film was teased in Shrek Forever After , when Shrek finally shuts the book titled `` Shrek '' , and puts it away next to a book titled `` Puss in Boots '' . </P> <P> Puss in Boots is the first DreamWorks Animation feature film that was partly made in India . A Bangalore studio owned by Technicolor , which had mainly worked on TV specials and DVD bonus material , spent six months animating three major scenes in the film . The outsourcing had financial advantages , with 40 % less labor costs than in the US , but the primary reason for outsourcing to India was lack of personnel , due to the studio producing as many as three films a year . </P> <P> The release date was originally set for November 4 , 2011 , but was pushed a week earlier to October 28 , 2011 . Anne Globe , head of worldwide marketing for DreamWorks Animation , said the decision to move the film 's release date a week earlier was to attract parents and their children to see the film before other family - friendly movies were released in November 2011 . </P> <P> The film was renamed Cat in Boots in the United

Puss in Boots grew up with

Who did puss in boots grew up with?

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</Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Nuclear power plants </Li> <Li> 4 Life cycle of nuclear fuel <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Conventional fuel resources <Ul> <Li> 4.1. 1 Breeding </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4.2 Solid waste <Ul> <Li> 4.2. 1 High - level radioactive waste </Li> <Li> 4.2. 2 Low - level radioactive waste </Li> <Li> 4.2. 3 Waste relative to other types </Li> <Li> 4.2. 4 Waste disposal </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4.3 Reprocessing <Ul> <Li> 4.3. 1 Depleted uranium </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Accidents , attacks and safety <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Accidents </Li> <Li> 5.2 Attacks and sabotage </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Nuclear proliferation </Li> <Li> 7 Environmental issues <Ul> <Li> 7.1 Climate change </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 8 Comparison with renewable energy </Li> <Li> 9 Nuclear decommissioning </Li> <Li> 10 Debate on nuclear power </Li> <Li> 11 Use in space </Li> <Li> 12 Research <Ul> <Li> 12.1 Advanced concepts </Li> <Li> 12.2 Hybrid nuclear fusion - fission </Li> <Li> 12.3 Nuclear fusion </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 13 See also </Li> <Li> 14 References </Li> <Li> 15 Further reading </Li> <Li> 16 External links <Ul> <Li> 16.1 Introduction </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History </H2> <H3> Origins </H3> See also : Nuclear fission § History , and Atomic Age <P> In 1932 physicist Ernest Rutherford discovered that when lithium atoms were `` split '' by protons from a proton accelerator , immense amounts of energy were released in accordance with the principle of mass -- energy equivalence . However , he and other nuclear physics pioneers Niels Bohr and Albert Einstein believed harnessing the power of the atom for practical purposes anytime in the near future was unlikely , with Rutherford labeling such expectations `` moonshine . '' </P> <P> The same year , his doctoral student James Chadwick discovered the neutron , which was immediately recognized as a potential tool for nuclear experimentation because of its lack of an electric charge . Experimentation with bombardment of materials with neutrons led Frédéric and Irène Joliot - Curie to discover induced radioactivity in 1934 , which allowed the creation of radium - like elements at much less the price of natural radium . Further work by Enrico Fermi in the 1930s focused on using slow neutrons to increase the effectiveness of induced radioactivity . Experiments bombarding uranium with neutrons led Fermi to believe he had created a new , transuranic element , which was dubbed hesperium . </P> <P> But in 1938 , German chemists Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann , along with Austrian physicist Lise Meitner and Meitner 's nephew , Otto Robert Frisch , conducted experiments with the products of neutron - bombarded uranium , as a means of further investigating Fermi 's claims . They determined that the relatively tiny neutron split the nucleus of the massive uranium atoms into two roughly equal pieces , contradicting Fermi . This was an extremely surprising result : all other forms of nuclear decay involved only small changes to the mass of the nucleus , whereas this process -- dubbed `` fission '' as a reference to biology -- involved a complete rupture of the nucleus . Numerous scientists , including Leó Szilárd , who was one of the first , recognized that if fission reactions released additional neutrons , a self - sustaining nuclear chain reaction could result . Once this was experimentally confirmed and announced by Frédéric Joliot - Curie in 1939 , scientists in many countries ( including the United States , the United Kingdom , France , Germany , and the Soviet Union ) petitioned their governments for support of nuclear fission research , just on the cusp of World War II , for the development of a nuclear weapon . </P> First nuclear reactor <P> In the United States , where Fermi and Szilárd had both emigrated , this led to the creation of the first man - made reactor , known as Chicago Pile - 1 , which achieved criticality on December 2 , 1942 . This work became part of the Manhattan Project , a massive secret US government military project to make enriched uranium by building large reactors to breed plutonium for use in the first nuclear weapons . The US tested atom bombs and eventually these weapons were used to attack the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki . </P> The first light bulbs ever lit by electricity generated by nuclear power at EBR - 1 at Argonne National Laboratory - West , December 20 , 1951 . <P> In 1945 , the first widely distributed account of nuclear energy , in the form of the pocketbook The Atomic Age , discussed the peaceful future uses of nuclear energy and depicted a future where fossil fuels would go unused . Nobel laurette Glenn Seaborg , who later chaired the Atomic Energy Commission , is quoted as saying `` there will be nuclear powered earth - to - moon shuttles , nuclear powered artificial hearts , plutonium heated swimming pools for SCUBA divers , and much more '' . </P> <P> The United Kingdom , Canada , and the USSR proceeded to research and develop nuclear industries over the course of the late 1940s and early 1950s . Electricity was generated for the first time by a nuclear reactor on December 20 , 1951 , at the EBR - I experimental station near Arco , Idaho , which initially produced about 100 kW . Work was also strongly researched in the US on nuclear marine propulsion , with a test reactor being developed by 1953 ( eventually , the USS Nautilus , the first nuclear - powered submarine , would launch in 1955 ) . In 1953 , US President Dwight Eisenhower gave his `` Atoms for Peace '' speech at the United Nations , emphasizing the need to develop `` peaceful '' uses of nuclear power quickly . This was followed by the 1954 Amendments to the Atomic Energy Act which allowed rapid declassification of US reactor technology and encouraged development by the private sector . </P> <H3> Early years </H3> <P> On June 27 , 1954 , the USSR 's Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant became the world 's first nuclear power plant to generate electricity for a power grid , and produced around 5 megawatts of electric power . </P> <P> Later in 1954 , Lewis Strauss , then chairman of the United States Atomic Energy Commission ( U.S. AEC , forerunner of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the United States Department of Energy ) spoke of electricity in the future being `` too cheap to meter '' . Strauss was very likely referring to hydrogen fusion -- which was secretly being developed as part of Project Sherwood at the time -- but Strauss 's statement was interpreted as a promise of very cheap energy from nuclear fission . The U.S. AEC itself had issued far more realistic testimony regarding nuclear fission to the U.S. Congress only months before , projecting that `` costs can be brought down ... ( to ) ... about the same as the cost of electricity from conventional sources ... '' </P> <P> In 1955 the United Nations ' `` First Geneva Conference '' , then the world 's largest gathering of scientists and engineers , met to explore the technology . In 1957 EURATOM was launched alongside the European Economic Community ( the latter is now the European Union ) . The same year also saw the launch of the International Atomic Energy Agency ( IAEA ) . </P> Calder Hall , United Kingdom -- The world 's first commercial nuclear power station . First connected to the national power grid on 27 August 1956 and officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 17 October 1956 The Shippingport Atomic Power Station in Shippingport , Pennsylvania was the first commercial reactor in the United States and was opened in 1957 . <P> The world 's first commercial nuclear power station , Calder Hall at Windscale , England , was opened in 1956 with an initial capacity of 50 MW ( later 200 MW ) . The first commercial nuclear generator to become operational in the United States was the Shippingport Reactor ( Pennsylvania , December 1957 ) . </P> <P> One of the first organizations to develop nuclear power was the U.S. Navy , for the purpose of propelling submarines and aircraft carriers . The first nuclear - powered submarine , USS Nautilus , was put to sea in December 1954 . As of 2016 , the U.S. Navy submarine fleet is made up entirely of nuclear - powered vessels , with 75 submarines in service . Two U.S. nuclear submarines , USS Scorpion and USS Thresher , have been lost at sea . The Russian Navy is currently ( 2016 ) estimated to have 61 nuclear submarines in service ; eight Soviet and Russian nuclear submarines have been lost at sea . This includes the Soviet submarine K - 19 reactor accident in 1961 which resulted in 8 deaths and more than 30 other people were over-exposed to radiation . The Soviet submarine K - 27 reactor accident in 1968 resulted in 9 fatalities and 83 other injuries . Moreover , Soviet submarine K - 429 sank twice , but was raised after each incident . Several serious nuclear and radiation accidents have involved nuclear submarine mishaps . </P> <P> The U.S. Army also had a nuclear power program , beginning in 1954 . The SM - 1 Nuclear Power Plant , at Fort Belvoir , Virginia , was the first power reactor in the U.S. to supply electrical energy to a commercial grid ( VEPCO ) , in April 1957 , before Shippingport . The SL - 1 was a U.S. Army experimental nuclear power reactor at the National Reactor Testing Station in eastern Idaho . It underwent a steam explosion and meltdown in January 1961 , which killed its three operators . In the Soviet Union at The Mayak Production Association facility there were a number of accidents , including an explosion , that released 50 -- 100 tonnes of high - level radioactive waste , contaminating a huge territory in the eastern Urals and causing numerous deaths and injuries . The Soviet regime kept this accident secret for about 30 years . The event was eventually rated at 6 on the seven - level INES scale ( third in severity only to the disasters at Chernobyl and Fukushima ) . </P> <H3> Development </H3> Washington Public Power Supply System Nuclear Power Plants 3 and 5 were never completed . <P> Installed nuclear capacity initially rose relatively quickly , rising from less than 1 gigawatt ( GW ) in 1960 to 100 GW in the late 1970s , and 300 GW in the late 1980s . Since the late 1980s worldwide capacity has risen much more slowly , reaching 366 GW in 2005 . Between around 1970 and 1990 , more than 50 GW of capacity was under construction ( peaking at over 150 GW in the late 1970s and early 1980s ) -- in 2005 , around 25 GW of new capacity was planned . More than two - thirds of all nuclear plants ordered after January 1970 were eventually cancelled . A total of 63 nuclear units were canceled in the USA between 1975 and 1980 . </P> <P> During the 1970s and 1980s rising economic costs ( related to extended construction times largely due to regulatory changes and pressure - group litigation ) and falling fossil fuel prices made nuclear power plants then under construction less attractive . In the 1980s ( U.S. ) and 1990s ( Europe ) , flat load growth and electricity liberalization also made the addition of large new baseload capacity unattractive . </P> <P> The 1973 oil crisis had a significant effect on countries , such as France and Japan , which had relied more heavily on oil for electric generation ( 39 % and 73 % respectively ) to invest in nuclear power . </P> <P> Some local opposition to nuclear power emerged in the early 1960s , and in the late 1960s some members of the

The first nuclear power plant was opened

When was the first nuclear power plant opened?

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Waters ( name ) - wikipedia <H1> Waters ( name ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For other uses , see Waters ( disambiguation ) . <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> An automated process has detected links on this page on the local or global blacklist . If the links are appropriate you may request whitelisting by following these instructions ; otherwise consider removing or replacing them with more appropriate links . ( To hide this tag , set the `` invisible '' field to `` true '' ) List of blacklisted links : ( show ) <Ul> <Li> http://surname.sofeminine.co.uk/w/surnames/surname-waters.html <Dl> <Dd> Triggered by \ bsofeminine \. co.uk \ b on the local blacklist </Dd> </Dl> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Waters is a surname , derived from `` Wat '' , or `` Wa'ter '' , an old pronunciation of Gaultier or Walter , and similarly derived from the surname Watson ( `` Wat 's son '' ) . The name is common from an early date in Wales and Yorkshire . The name is currently highly concentrated in the Welsh Borders and Shropshire area of the UK . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 People surnamed Waters <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Military people </Li> <Li> 1.2 Performers </Li> <Li> 1.3 Politicians </Li> <Li> 1.4 Sportspeople </Li> <Li> 1.5 Others </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 People with the given name Waters </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> People surnamed Waters ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Military people ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Daniel Waters ( Minutemen ) ( 1731 -- 1816 ) , officer in the United States Navy . </Li> <Li> John K. Waters ( 1906 -- 1989 ) , former U.S. General , prisoner of war , and son - in - law of George S. Patton </Li> <Li> Terence Edward Waters ( 1929 -- 1951 ) , British soldier awarded the George Cross </Li> </Ul> <H3> Performers ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Crystal Waters ( born 1964 ) , American singer / songwriter </Li> <Li> David Waters ( Australian actor ) </Li> <Li> Dina Waters ( born 1965 ) , American actress , also known as Dina Spybey </Li> <Li> Doris Ethel Waters , better known as half of the comedy duo Gert and Daisy </Li> <Li> Ethel Waters ( 1896 -- 1977 , American blues vocalist and actress </Li> <Li> Florence Elsie Waters , better known as half of the comedy duo Gert and Daisy </Li> <Li> Horace John Waters , the birth name of actor Jack Warner </Li> <Li> Jeff Waters ( born 1966 ) , Canadian guitarist </Li> <Li> John Waters ( actor ) ( born 1948 ) , Australian actor </Li> <Li> Latanza Waters , house music singer </Li> <Li> Roger Waters ( born 1943 ) , English rock bassist and lyricist , most notably of Pink Floyd </Li> <Li> Russell Waters ( 1908 -- 1982 ) , Scottish film actor </Li> <Li> Zac Waters , Australian music producer </Li> </Ul> <H3> Politicians ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Dan Waters , politician in Ontario , Canada </Li> <Li> Maxine Waters ( born 1938 ) , Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives </Li> <Li> Stanley Waters ( 1920 -- 1991 ) , Canadian Senator </Li> </Ul> <H3> Sportspeople ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Anthony Waters ( born 1985 ) , American football linebacker </Li> <Li> Beau Waters ( born 1986 ) , Australian rules footballer </Li> <Li> Ben Waters ( 1904 -- 1962 ) , New Zealand rower </Li> <Li> Brian Waters ( born 1977 ) , American football guard </Li> <Li> Carole Waters , retired Australian basketball player </Li> <Li> Fraser Waters ( born 1976 ) , South African footballer </Li> <Li> Guy Waters , Australian boxer of the 1980s , ' 90s and 2000s </Li> <Li> Harry Waters ( s . 1976 ) , British piano and Hammond organ player </Li> <Li> Huw Waters ( born 1986 ) , Welsh cricketer </Li> <Li> Joseph Waters ( rugby union ) </Li> <Li> Katarina Waters ( born 1980 ) , English wrestler </Li> </Ul> <H3> Others ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Alice Waters ( born 1944 ) , American chef </Li> <Li> Allan Waters ( 1921 -- 2005 ) , Canadian businessman </Li> <Li> Craig Waters ( born 1956 ) , public information officer of the Florida Supreme Court </Li> <Li> Daniel Waters ( screenwriter ) ( born 1962 ) , American screenwriter and film director , brother of Mark S. Waters </Li> <Li> David Roland Waters , the killer of the American activist Madalyn Murray O'Hair </Li> <Li> James Waters , Chairman of CHUM Limited </Li> <Li> John Waters ( disambiguation ) <Ul> <Li> John Waters ( columnist ) , Irish columnist </Li> <Li> John S. Waters ( 1893 -- 1965 ) , American filmmaker who directed films from 1916 until 1958 </Li> <Li> John Samuel Waters , Jr. ( born 1946 ) , American filmmaker </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Joseph Waters , composer </Li> <Li> Keith Waters ( born 1962 ) , pioneer in facial animation </Li> <Li> Lesley Waters ( born 1961 ) , English celebrity chef </Li> <Li> Lou Waters , CNN anchor </Li> <Li> Margaret Waters ( 1835 -- 1870 ) , English murderer </Li> <Li> Mark Waters ( director ) ( born 1964 ) , American film director </Li> <Li> Mark AJ Waters ( Irish Director ) </Li> <Li> Miriam Van Waters ( 1887 -- 1974 ) , American feminist social worker </Li> <Li> Richard Waters ( 1935 -- 2013 ) , American artist , inventor of Waterphone </Li> <Li> Ron Waters , director and Vice President of CHUM Limited </Li> <Li> Sarah Waters ( born 1966 ) , British novelist </Li> <Li> T.A. Waters , American writer fl . 1960s </Li> </Ul> <H2> People with the given name Waters ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Waters W. Braman ( 1840 -- 1893 ) , New York politician </Li> </Ul> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Walters ( surname ) </Li> <Li> Watters ( disambiguation ) </Li> <Li> Water ( disambiguation ) </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ J.O. Halliwell - Phillipps Life of William Shakespeare 1912 Page 110 `` Gaultier or Walter , which it is , I care not : Never did base dishonor blur our name , But with our sword we wiped away the blot ; 40 Therefore , when ... `` Walter , '' pronounced Water ; a pronunciation still traceable in the surname Waters. -- '' </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Zimmerman , Waters and allied families - Page 45 Dorothy Edmonstone Zimmerman Allen - 19 ? ? - The name Waters is found at an early period both in Wales and in Yorkshire Eng. , </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ One Waters family : some descendants of James Waters Jeanne Waters Strong - 1980 `` ... name Waters is found early in Wales and Yorkshire . '' </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Surname distribution </Li> </Ol> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Surname list This page lists people with the surname Waters . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page , you may wish to change that link by adding the person 's given name ( s ) to the link . </Td> </Tr> </Table> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waters_(name)&oldid=836248126 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Surnames </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Tagged pages containing blacklisted links </Li> <Li> Disambiguation pages with short description </Li> <Li> All set index articles </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Wikispecies </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Čeština </Li> <Li> Русский </Li> <Li> Українська </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 13 April 2018 , at 15 : 56 . </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

The origin of the last name Waters is traced back to

Where does the last name waters come from?

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the Allies </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Aftermath <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Forced refoulement to the Soviet Union </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 See also </Li> <Li> 8 Sources <Ul> <Li> 8.1 Notes </Li> <Li> 8.2 References </Li> <Li> 8.3 German rockets </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 In Swedish </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Political ( edit ) </H3> <P> Between 1523 and Sweden 's final war with Russia in 1809 , a state of war had existed between these two countries for 67 out of those 292 years . Russia was seen as the historical hereditary enemy of Sweden . In the peace that followed the Finnish War in 1809 , all of Finland had been ceded to Russia and Sweden reduced to two thirds of its former size . </P> <P> As the end of the 19th century approached , and the beginning of the 20th began , Sweden , like many other nations , became beset by strikes and public disorder . Appalling working conditions were no longer tolerated and the working class was rising against the state . In 1908 alone , there were about 300 strikes in Sweden . By 1917 , Sweden 's need for a new political system was apparent from these riots . Since the 1880s , the socialist movement in Sweden had been divided into two opposing groups , the revolutionary socialists , a communist movement , and the reformists , a social democratic movement , the latter being the larger of the two . In 1917 , the rules of democracy were changed in Sweden , the electorate 's size grew and in 1921 , women were also allowed to vote . </P> Ådalen shootings . This picture of the demonstration was taken before the military opened fire . <P> But even these reforms were seen as far too radical by some conservatives . Some wanted strong leadership and did not believe in democracy . In the 1920s and 1930s , confrontations between employers and employees in Sweden continued . In 1931 , this culminated with the Ådalen shootings , an incident where the military opened fire on a protest march . In the same year , a secret right - wing militia , the Munckska kåren , was exposed . It had recruited about 2000 men and had access to heavy weaponry . It was disbanded the next year . </P> <P> At the other end of the political spectrum , following the Russian Civil War the Russian Empire had become the Soviet Union and many Swedish communists were cooperating with this new Soviet regime , seeking to realize a world revolution . Compromise and a parliamentary system were thought to stand in the way of a more equal and just society . </P> <P> A new cabinet led by the social democrats with Per Albin Hansson as Prime Minister , took control in 1932 . A policy of cooperation and consensus was pursued , which led to a furthering of the divide between the two socialist factions : the communists and the reformist left . The distance between these two , at least at the ideological level , became so great that the communists often referred to the social democrats as `` the social fascists '' . Apart from a period termed `` the vacation government '' ( Sw : semesterregeringen ) between June 19 and September 28 , 1936 , Per Albin Hansson was to be the Prime Minister of Sweden until his death in 1946 . </P> <H3> Military ( edit ) </H3> <P> Sweden had very few tanks in the inter-war era . For a time , the entire armoured corps consisted of ten Stridsvagn mf / 21s . This was a design based upon a German First World War tank and had been secretly purchased by Sweden in the form of tractor assembly kits . </P> <P> In the 1936 `` Defence resolution '' ( Försvarsbeslut ; a Swedish governmental decision made about every five years , concerning the military 's organization and development ) , it was decided to form two tank battalions . Fale Burman , chief of `` Army Procurement '' ( Arméns utrustningsdetalj ) in 1937 , commented : </P> <P> ... Härför krävdes total nyanskaffning av deras viktigaste innehåll , stridsvagnarna . Redan på ett tidigt stadium fick vi dock klart för oss att om vi enbart valde kanonutrustade vagnar skulle de högst komma upp till ett antal av 15 - 20 . ( This required the purchase of their main piece of military hardware , tanks . Already at an early stage , it was clear to us that if we simply chose the cannon - equipped tanks , we could have at most 15 -- 20 of them . ) </P> -- Försvarsbeslut <P> To make sure training at the battalion level would be possible , machine gun - equipped tanks were purchased as well . By 1939 , Sweden had 48 Czechoslovakian - built tanks with machine gun armament and about 20 Stridsvagn L - 60 tanks armed with a 20mm main gun . </P> <P> The Swedish army had been organized into four divisions since the 1890s , with the regiments of northern Norrland and Gotland standing as separate units . This was outdated , and in 1942 , a new military organization was adopted . </P> <H3> Pre-war trade ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . ( June 2009 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> During World War II , Swedish industry had to supply an increased share of its own domestic goods owing to the British blockade of the North Sea , whilst satisfying the vastly increased demand for armaments . Before the war , the annual production of armaments was typically measured in tens of millions of Swedish kronor , but during the war , output exceeded SEK 1 billion ( US $240 million ) . </P> <H3> Military balance ( edit ) </H3> <P> Sweden 's long - standing policy of neutrality was tested on many occasions during the 1930s . The challenges came from a strongly rejuvenated , nationalistic Germany . From 1919 until 1935 , Sweden had been an active supporter of the League of Nations and most of Sweden 's political energy in the international arena had been directed towards the preservation of the League of Nations . </P> <P> The Swedish non-aligned policy during this period was founded on the assumption that there were two opposing powers in the Baltic , Germany and the Soviet Union ; Because these two powers needed to guard against each other , the hope was that they would only ever be able to deploy minor forces against Sweden or other non-aligned countries . It was this expectation which made the defence of a small country feasible . The Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact , signed at the end of August 1939 between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union , upset this balance . </P> <H3> Pre-war preparations ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1936 , the Swedish government started to heighten its military preparedness as the international situation worsened . Military spending in Sweden went from US $37 million in 1936 , to $50 million in 1937 , to $58.6 million in 1938 , and then increased over fivefold to $322.3 million in 1939 . During World War II itself , military spending peaked at $527.6 million in 1942 . </P> <P> Not only was the Swedish government buying material to strengthen its defenses , it began drafting conscripts . On May 6 , 1938 , the government called up all those aged 15 for short periods of training . In addition to this , the Swedish Cabinet ordered that one quarter of those conscripted in 1938 should be retained for further training . </P> <P> In 1940 , the Swedish Home Guard ( Hemvärnet ) was created . Its units were small groups of former soldiers who were equipped with rifles , machine guns , ammunition , medicine and uniforms . They had the option to buy additional materials such as skis , sweaters and marching boots . The Lottorna ( Swedish Women 's Voluntary Defense Service ) had already been in existence since 1924 . </P> <P> While arming itself , Sweden felt that it was necessary to articulate and enforce its policy of neutrality . Per Albin Hansson stated shortly before World War II began : </P> <P> Friendly with all other nations and strongly linked to our neighbors , we look on no one as our enemy . There is no place in the thoughts of our people for aggression against any other country , and we note with gratitude , the assurances from others that they have no wish to disturb our peace , our freedom , or our independence . The strengthening of our defense preparations serves merely to underline our fixed determination to keep our country outside the conflicts that may erupt amongst others and , during such conflicts , to safeguard the existence of our people . </P> -- Per - Albin Hansson , 1 September 1939 <P> Georg Homin , a captain on the General Staff , stated : </P> <P> Without a defensive force we can not follow any policy of our own , our declarations become merely empty words and we leave the country 's fate to chance , or to the decisions of others . With a defense as strong as Swedish conditions allow , we secure for ourselves the basis of a continued independent Swedish policy . </P> -- Georg Homin <H2> War ( edit ) </H2> Swedish Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson declared Sweden neutral on 1 September 1939 <P> When , in September 1939 , Germany attacked Poland and both France and Britain declared war on Nazi Germany , Sweden declared itself a neutral country in regard to this escalating situation . An example illustrating this situation may be the failed Allied attempt to release Polish submarines ( ORP Ryś , ORP Żbik , ORP Sęp ) which were interned after they reached Swedish ports ( requiring repairs of battle damage , unable to break to Britain ) . </P> <P> On the outbreak of the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union in November 1939 , Sweden declared itself to be '' non-belligerent '' in regard to this particular conflict , actively siding with Finland . This allowed Sweden to aid Finland economically , and with armaments . Sweden and Finland also jointly laid minefields in the Sea of Åland to deter Soviet submarines from entering the Gulf of Bothnia . </P> <H3> Foreign trade ( edit ) </H3> See also : Swedish iron mining during World War II and Swedish overseas trade during World War II <P> Sweden was not directly attacked during World War II . It was , however , subject to British and German Naval blockades and accidental bombings from the Soviets on some cities ( e.g. Strängnäs ) , which led to problems with the supply of food and fuels . When Germany invaded Denmark and Norway in April 1940 , coupled with a German blockade of the North Sea , every single shipment had to be negotiated with both British and German authorities , which drastically reduced the volume of trade . Between 1938 and 1944 , the Swedish import of petroleum products and coal decreased by 88 % and 53 % respectively , which led to severe shortages . Other critical items were natural rubber , alloy metals and food . This situation led to extensive rationing of fuels and food in Sweden and substitutes were developed and produced . Wood gas was used as a fuel for motor vehicles and shale oil as a substitute for bunker oil . </P> Gay Viking one of the high speed boats used as blockade runners for the ball bearing trade <P> At the beginning of the war , agreements had been signed between Sweden and the United Kingdom and Nazi Germany in order to sustain vital trade ; but

Sweden views its role during war-time as one of

How does sweden view its role during war-time?

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Daylight saving time in the United states - Wikipedia <H1> Daylight saving time in the United states </H1> Jump to : navigation , search Ohio Clock in the U.S. Capitol being turned forward for the country 's first daylight saving time in 1918 <P> Daylight saving time in the United States is the practice of setting the clock forward by one hour during the warmer part of the year , so that evenings have more daylight and mornings have less . Most areas of the United States observe daylight saving time ( DST ) , the exceptions being Arizona ( except for the Navajo , who do observe daylight saving time on tribal lands ) , Hawaii , and the overseas territories of American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands , Puerto Rico , and the United States Virgin Islands . The Uniform Time Act of 1966 established the system of uniform Daylight Saving Time throughout the US . </P> <P> In the U.S. , daylight saving time starts on the second Sunday in March and ends on the first Sunday in November , with the time changes taking place at 2 : 00 a.m. local time . With a mnemonic word play referring to seasons , clocks `` spring forward , fall back '' -- that is , in springtime the clocks are moved forward from 2 : 00 a.m. to 3 : 00 a.m. and in fall they are moved back from 2 : 00 a.m. to 1 : 00 a.m. Daylight saving time lasts for a total of 34 weeks ( 238 days ) every year , about 65 % of the entire year . </P> <P> The following table lists recent past and near future starting and ending dates of daylight saving time in the United States : </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Year </Th> <Th> Start </Th> <Th> End </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2015 </Td> <Td> March 8 </Td> <Td> November 1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2016 </Td> <Td> March 13 </Td> <Td> November 6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2017 </Td> <Td> March 12 </Td> <Td> November 5 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2018 </Td> <Td> March 11 </Td> <Td> November 4 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2019 </Td> <Td> March 10 </Td> <Td> November 3 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2020 </Td> <Td> March 8 </Td> <Td> November 1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2021 </Td> <Td> March 14 </Td> <Td> November 7 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2022 </Td> <Td> March 13 </Td> <Td> November 6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2023 </Td> <Td> March 12 </Td> <Td> November 5 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2024 </Td> <Td> March 10 </Td> <Td> November 3 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History of DST in the United States <Ul> <Li> 1.1 1916 -- 1966 : Early , inconsistent use </Li> <Li> 1.2 1966 -- 1972 : Federal standard established </Li> <Li> 1.3 1973 -- 1975 : Year - round experiment </Li> <Li> 1.4 1975 -- 1986 : Extension of daylight saving time </Li> <Li> 1.5 2005 -- 2009 : Second extension </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Procedure for modifications <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Changing an area 's time zone </Li> <Li> 2.2 Moving an area on or off DST </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Local DST observance <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Alaska </Li> <Li> 3.2 Arizona <Ul> <Li> 3.2. 1 Reservations in Arizona </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3.3 California </Li> <Li> 3.4 Florida </Li> <Li> 3.5 Hawaii </Li> <Li> 3.6 Indiana </Li> <Li> 3.7 Michigan </Li> <Li> 3.8 Nevada </Li> <Li> 3.9 Washington </Li> <Li> 3.10 Other U.S. locations </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Time zones </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History of DST in the United states ( edit ) </H2> <P> Benjamin Franklin proposed a form of daylight time in 1784 . His essay , `` An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost of Light '' , written to the editor of The Journal of Paris , observed that Parisians could save on candles by getting out of bed earlier in the morning , making use of the natural morning light instead . Franklin 's suggestion seems to have been more of a joke than a real proposal , and nothing came of it . </P> <H3> 1916 -- 1966 : early , inconsistent use ( edit ) </H3> <P> During World War I , in an effort to conserve fuel , Germany began observing DST on May 1 , 1916 . The rest of Europe soon followed . The plan was not adopted in the United States until the Standard Time Act of March 19 , 1918 , which confirmed the existing standard time zone system and set summer DST to begin on March 31 , 1918 ( reverting October 27 ) . The idea was unpopular and Congress abolished DST after the war , overriding President Woodrow Wilson 's veto . DST became a local option and was observed in some states until World War II , when President Franklin Roosevelt instituted year - round DST , called `` War Time '' , on February 9 , 1942 . It lasted until the last Sunday ( the 30th ) in September 1945 . After 1945 many states and cities east of the Mississippi River ( and mostly north of the Ohio and Potomac rivers ) adopted summer DST . </P> <P> From 1945 to 1966 there was no federal law on daylight saving time , so localities could choose when it began and ended or drop it entirely . As of 1954 , only California and Nevada had statewide DST west of the Mississippi , and only a few cities between Nevada and St. Louis . In the 1964 Official Railway Guide , 21 of the 48 contiguous states had no DST anywhere . </P> <H3> 1966 -- 1972 : federal standard established ( edit ) </H3> <P> By 1962 , the transportation industry found the lack of consistency confusing enough to push for federal regulation . The result was the Uniform Time Act of 1966 ( P.L. 89 - 387 ) . Beginning in 1967 , the act mandated standard time within the established time zones and provided for advanced time : clocks would be advanced one hour beginning at 2 : 00 a.m. on the last Sunday in April and turned back one hour at 2 : 00 a.m. on the last Sunday in October . States were allowed to exempt themselves from DST as long as the entire state did so . If a state chose to observe DST , the time changes were required to begin and end on the established dates . In 1967 , Arizona and Michigan became the first states to exempt themselves from DST ( Michigan would begin observing DST in 1972 ) . In 1972 , the act was amended ( P.L. 92 - 267 ) , allowing those states split between time zones to exempt either the entire state or that part of the state lying within a different time zone . The newly created Department of Transportation ( DOT ) was given power to enforce the law . As of 2014 , the following states and territories are not observing DST : Arizona , Hawaii , American Samoa , Puerto Rico , and the Virgin Islands . </P> <H3> 1973 -- 1975 : year - round Experiment ( edit ) </H3> <P> During the 1973 oil embargo by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries ( OAPEC ) , in an effort to conserve fuel , Congress enacted a trial period of year - round DST ( P.L. 93 - 182 ) , beginning January 6 , 1974 , and ending April 27 , 1975 . The trial was hotly debated . Those in favor pointed to increased daylight hours in the summer evening : more time for recreation , reduced lighting and heating demands , reduced crime , and reduced automobile accidents . The opposition was concerned about children leaving for school in the dark . The act was amended in October 1974 ( P.L. 93 - 434 ) to return to standard time for the period beginning October 27 , 1974 , and ending February 23 , 1975 , when DST resumed . When the trial ended in 1975 , the country returned to observing summer DST ( with the aforementioned exceptions ) . </P> <H3> 1975 -- 1986 : extension of daylight saving time ( edit ) </H3> <P> The DOT , evaluating the plan of extending DST into March , reported in 1975 that `` modest overall benefits might be realized by a shift from the historic six - month DST ( May through October ) in areas of energy conservation , overall traffic safety and reduced violent crime . '' However , DOT also reported that these benefits were minimal and difficult to distinguish from seasonal variations and fluctuations in energy prices . </P> <P> Congress then asked the National Bureau of Standards ( NBS , today NIST ) to evaluate the DOT report . Its report , `` Review and Technical Evaluation of the DOT Daylight Saving Time Study '' ( April 1976 ) , found no significant energy savings or differences in traffic fatalities . It did find statistically significant evidence of increased fatalities among school - age children in the mornings during the four - month period January -- April 1974 as compared with the same period ( non-DST ) of 1973 . NBS stated that it was impossible to determine , what , if any , of this increase was due to DST . When this data was compared between 1973 and 1974 for the months of March and April , no significant difference was found in fatalities among school - age children in the mornings . </P> <P> In 1986 Congress enacted P.L. 99 - 359 , amending the Uniform Time Act by changing the beginning of DST to the first Sunday in April and having the end remain the last Sunday in October . These start and end dates were in effect from 1987 to 2006 . The time was adjusted at 2 : 00 a.m. local time . </P> <H3> 2005 -- 2009 : second extension ( edit ) </H3> <P> By the Energy Policy Act of 2005 , daylight saving time ( DST ) was extended in the United States beginning in 2007 . As from that year , DST begins on the second Sunday of March and ends on the first Sunday of November . In years when April 1 falls on Monday through Wednesday , these changes result in a DST period that is five weeks longer ; in all other years the DST period is instead four weeks longer . In 2008 daylight saving time ended at 2 : 00 a.m. DST ( 0200 ) ( 1 : 00 a.m. ST ) on Sunday , November 2 , and in 2009 it began at 2 : 00 a.m. ( 3 : 00 a.m. DST ) on Sunday , March 8 . </P> <P> Under Section 110 of the Act , the U.S. Department of Energy was required to study the impact of the 2007 DST extension no later than nine months after the change took effect . The report , released in October 2008 , reported a nationwide electricity savings of 0.03 % for the year of 2007 . </P> <P> An October 2008 study conducted by the University of California at Santa Barbara for the National Bureau of Economic Research found that the 2006 DST adoption in Indiana increased energy consumption in Indiana by an average of 1 % . Although consumption for lighting dropped as a result of the DST adoption , consumption for heating and cooling increased by 2 % to 4 % . The cost to the average Indiana household of the DST adoption was determined to be $3.29 per year , for an aggregate cost of $1.7 million to $5.5 million per year . </P> <P> The United States Chamber of Commerce has praised the extension of daylight 's saving under the

The states that do not allow daylight saving time are

What states do not allow daylight savings time?

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Where Are Ü Now - wikipedia <H1> Where Are Ü Now </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the Jack Ü song . For other uses , see Where Are You Now . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` Where Are Ü Now '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Cover artwork for the official remixes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by Jack Ü with Justin Bieber </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> from the album Skrillex and Diplo Present Jack Ü </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> February 27 , 2015 ( 2015 - 02 - 27 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Format </Th> <Td> Digital download </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Recorded </Th> <Td> 2014 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> EDM </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 4 : 10 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Atlantic </Li> <Li> Mad Decent </Li> <Li> OWSLA </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Sonny Moore </Li> <Li> Thomas Wesley Pentz </Li> <Li> Justin Bieber </Li> <Li> Jason `` Poo Bear '' Boyd </Li> <Li> Karl Rubin Brutus </Li> <Li> Jordan Ware </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Skrillex </Li> <Li> Diplo </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Jack Ü singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Take Ü There '' ( 2014 ) </Td> <Td> `` Where Are Ü Now '' ( 2015 ) </Td> <Td> `` To Ü '' ( 2015 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Take Ü There '' ( 2014 ) </Td> <Td> `` Where Are Ü Now '' ( 2015 ) </Td> <Td> `` To Ü '' ( 2015 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Justin Bieber singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Home to Mama '' ( 2014 ) Home to Mama 2014 </Td> <Td> `` Where Are Ü Now '' ( 2015 ) Where Are Ü Now2015 </Td> <Td> `` What Do You Mean ? '' ( 2015 ) What Do You Mean ? 2015 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Music video </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> `` Where Are Ü Now '' on YouTube </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> `` Where Are Ü Now '' is a song produced by American EDM artists Skrillex and Diplo under their collaborative effort Jack Ü , with vocals from Canadian singer Justin Bieber . The song was released as the second single from the duo 's debut studio album , Skrillex and Diplo Present Jack Ü ( 2015 ) , on their respective labels OWSLA and Mad Decent , and is also included on Bieber 's fourth studio album Purpose ( 2015 ) . It was released simultaneously with the album on February 27 , 2015 , later sent to mainstream radio on April 21 , 2015 . </P> <P> Initially , a demo was written by Bieber as a piano ballad titled `` The Most '' ; however , Bieber decided to send the track to the duo , who transformed the track into electronic dance music , but maintained the original lyrics . The song main 's instrumentation consists in sharp dancehall stabs and an Eastern melody . Bieber 's vocals also suffered alterations in some parts of the song . Lyrically , `` Where Are Ü Now '' talks about caring and praying for an ex who did n't return the favor , and longing for someone who could comfort him in his time of need . </P> <P> The song was featured on several year - end list of best songs of 2015 , being at the top of two publications . It also won a Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording . Commercially , the song peaked at number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 , giving both Skrillex and Diplo their first top 10 single on the chart , also giving Bieber his seventh . Internationally , the song has peaked within the top - ten of the charts in eight countries , including Australia , Canada , and the United Kingdom . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Background and recording </Li> <Li> 2 Composition </Li> <Li> 3 Critical reception <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Accolades <Ul> <Li> 3.1. 1 Year - end lists </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Commercial performance </Li> <Li> 5 Music video </Li> <Li> 6 Live performances </Li> <Li> 7 Samples </Li> <Li> 8 Track listing </Li> <Li> 9 Charts <Ul> <Li> 9.1 Weekly charts </Li> <Li> 9.2 Year - end charts </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 Certifications </Li> <Li> 11 Release history </Li> <Li> 12 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Background and Recording ( edit ) </H2> <P> While writing with Poo Bear for his upcoming album at the time , Justin Bieber heard a demo of an instrumental piano ballad Boyd did with Karl Rubin and enjoyed it , calling it `` special '' . Later , he and Boyd `` bounced words and melodies back and forth over an instrumental track ; when they had the lyrics , Bieber sang take after take so Poo Bear could edit together the best reading of every line and every syllable . '' The song was recorded as a piano ballad and it took an hour and a half to be recorded . According to Bieber , he did n't want it to be raw , he wanted it to be perfect . '' Later , in September 2014 , during Fashion Week and at an Alexander Wang event , Skrillex and Diplo contacted Bieber 's manager Scooter Braun claiming that they were looking for vocal tracks for the debut album by their dance duo Jack Ü and asked him if Bieber had new material . Braun responded positively , claiming that he had an amazing vocal from Bieber with only piano and sent it to Diplo , without Bieber 's consent . They decided to collaborate with Bieber as it would be unexpected . </P> <P> As The New York Times writer Jon Pareles recalled , `` They reversed the original order of the verses . They took the lone a cappella vocal track they had from Mr. Bieber , cut it to stutter certain words in the introduction , and pitched it higher and lower in various parts of the song , allowing Mr. Bieber to answer himself from below and harmonize above . They toyed with dance beats , keyboard chords and bass lines -- thickening the song and then thinning it again . They concocted sounds that were determinedly different from standard dance - club fare ; what seems like a snare drum , for instance , is actually a tweaked version of an Indian tabla . '' `` Where Are Ü Now '' was released as the duo 's second single from their debut album , Skrillex and Diplo Present Jack Ü ( 2015 ) on February 27 , 2015 , and was later released as a bonus track on Bieber 's fourth studio album , Purpose ( 2015 ) . The original version , titled `` The Most '' , was also released as a bonus track on the Japanese version of Purpose . </P> <H2> Composition ( edit ) </H2> <P> `` Where Are Ü Now '' was written by Sonny `` Skrillex '' Moore and Thomas Wesley `` Diplo '' Pentz , Nick Kibler , Jason `` Poo Bear '' Boyd , Karl Rubin Brutus , and Jordan Ware , and produced by Skrillex and Diplo . The song was composed in G major with a moderately slow tempo of 69 beats per minute and a time signature of . Bieber 's vocal range spans from the low note of E4 to the high note of B5 . Its instrumentation consists in `` fluterring synths '' , skipping tropical house beats and acres of space , as well as sharp dancehall stabs and an Eastern melody . It features a prominent sound effect that Skrillex has termed `` The Dolphin '' : a chunk of Justin Bieber 's vocals that has been worked over and processed into oblivion , turning into a high - pitched squealing sound during the drop . The New York Times released a video showing how the song was assembled using Ableton Live . As Pareles explained , `` The song opens hushed and hovering , with a stereo panning whoosh , four somber piano chords and Bieber 's electronically stuttered voice , leading into a mournful verse about a friend or lover he helped , who has now abandoned him . Eventually a dance beat kicks in and a mysterious , flutelike squiggle -- ( which ) Skrillex calls it the ' dolphin ' -- announces itself again and again as the vocals all but disappear , ( with ) just the occasional refrain , ' Where are you now that I need you ? . ' '' He continued : `` Halfway through , the track pauses , then offers another hymnlike verse ; the dance beat returns , a little pushier with electronic handclaps , and the refrain and ' dolphin ' carry the song to the end , with a final , echoing ' I need you the most . ' '' </P> <P> Lyrically , `` Where Are Ü Now '' talks about caring and praying for an ex who did n't return the favor , with Bieber yearning for compassion amidst a sea of loneliness . He sings : `` When you broke down I did n't leave you / ... I was on my knees when nobody else was praying , oh Lord . '' In another part , he complains : `` I gave you the key when the door was n't open , just admit it ( ... ) See , I gave you faith , turned your doubt into hoping , ca n't deny it , Now I 'm all alone and my joys turned to moping . '' Some critics , such as Complex 's Khal , pointed out that it `` finds him writing what could be a note to anyone -- or , ahem , Selena Gomez -- who might have left him during his turbulent 2014 , longing for someone who could comfort him in his time of need . '' For Sam Corey of The Huffington Post , during the song `` Bieber has been posing quite a few existential questions about his love life , '' noting that lyrically the song `` is a serpentine trip through the emotions of despair , codependence and anxious - ambivalence , '' as he recalls for his long lost love with Gomez . He also observed that the song `` serves as a dark portrait of a man struggling to find himself outside of the confines of a woman 's love . '' For Emily Yoshida of The Verge , `` ' Where Are Ü Now ' is about the priceless value of the personal relationship that is forged between a fan and a pop star . '' </P> <H2> Critical reception ( edit ) </H2> <P> Billboard 's Jason Lipshutz included `` Where Are Ü Now '' in its `` Top 10 Songs of 2015 ( So Far ) '' list , stating that `` ( t ) his is the Justin Bieber we 've been waiting for : emotive , vulnerable and smart enough to join forces with two of electronic music 's most reliable maestros . The combination of Justin Bieber 's moving falsetto and Skrillex and Diplo 's tangled knot of beats makes ' Where Are U Now ' a deserved ( and much - needed ) triumph . '' Ryan Dombal of Pitchfork wrote the track is `` unexpected in all the best ways . It tones down everything you know about Skrillex while retaining his knack for dynamics . Diplo puts his own 10 - ton - glowstick tendencies aside as the song combines sharp dancehall stabs and

The song "Where Are You Now" was released on

When did where are you now come out?

-2337443782475108766

Bobby 's Girl ( song ) - wikipedia <H1> Bobby 's Girl ( song ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` Bobby 's Girl '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by Marcie Blane </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> B - side </Th> <Td> `` A Time To Dream '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> September 28 , 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Pop Rock </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 2 : 15 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Seville Records 45 - 120 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Gary Klein , Henry Hoffman </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Marcie Blane singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Bobby 's Girl '' ( 1962 ) </Td> <Td> `` What Does a Girl Do '' ( 1963 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Bobby 's Girl '' ( 1962 ) </Td> <Td> `` What Does a Girl Do '' ( 1963 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> `` Bobby 's Girl '' is a song and single written by Gary Klein and Henry Hoffman and performed by American teenage singer , Marcie Blane . </P> <P> It was first released in 1962 in America . It has a spoken introduction and a backing refrain of `` You 're not a kid anymore '' and was popular with the American teenage audience . It entered the charts in October and made the Top 10 within a month reaching 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 by December , where it stayed for four weeks only to be kept from the top of the charts by The Four Seasons ' `` Big Girls Do n't Cry '' and Elvis Presley 's `` Return to Sender '' . It reached 2 on the Cash Box chart staying on the charts for nineteen weeks and made Blane the top selling female singer in the US . </P> <H2> Susan Maughan version ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` Bobby 's Girl '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by Susan Maughan </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> B - side </Th> <Td> `` Come a Little Closer '' </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> 1962 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Pop Rock </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 2 : 15 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Philips Records 326544 BF </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> Gary Klein , Henry Hoffman </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Susan Maughan singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` ' Baby Doll Twist '' ( 1962 ) </Td> <Td> `` Bobby 's Girl '' ( 1962 ) </Td> <Td> `` Mama Do The Twist '' ( 1962 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` Baby Doll Twist ( 1962 ) </Td> <Td> `` Bobby 's Girl '' ( 1962 ) </Td> <Td> `` Mama Do The Twist '' ( 1962 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Susan Maughan cover version was also released in 1962 , in the UK . It featured Wally Stott and his orchestra and chorus . Maughan 's version spent nineteen weeks on the UK 's Record Retailer chart , peaking at No. 3 . </P> <H2> Tracey Ullman version ( edit ) </H2> <P> In 1983 , Tracey Ullman released a version of `` Bobby 's Girl '' on the album You Broke My Heart in 17 Places and as a single . Ullman 's version reached No. 45 in Germany . </P> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Bobby 's Girl '' . www.discogs.com . Retrieved 1 June 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Bobby 's Girl '' . BMI Repertoire. 2006 . Archived from the original on 2012 - 07 - 14 . Retrieved 2013 - 06 - 01 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Yesteryear 's Hits . Billboard . Retrieved 2013 - 06 - 01 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Marcie Blane '' . www.spectropop.com . Retrieved 2013 - 06 - 01 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Bobby 's Girl - Susan Maughan '' . www.discogs.com . Retrieved 1 June 2013 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` UK Official charts - Susan Maughan '' . www.officialscharts.com . Retrieved 2013 - 06 - 01 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Cover details '' . www.whosampled.com . Retrieved 2013 - 06 - 01 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Tracey Ullman - Bobby 's Girl , norwegiancharts.com . Accessed July 21 , 2016 . </Li> </Ol> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bobby%27s_Girl_(song)&oldid=808085247 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> 1962 songs </Li> <Li> American pop songs </Li> <Li> American rock songs </Li> <Li> Philips Records singles </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Articles with hAudio microformats </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Nederlands </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 31 October 2017 , at 19 : 57 . </Li> <Li> Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

The 1960s pop song "I Want to Be Bobby's Girl" was sung by

Who sang i want to be bobbys girl?

8730028009751947933

Cone cell - wikipedia <H1> Cone cell </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Cone cell </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Normalized responsivity spectra of human cone cells , S , M , and L types </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Details </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Function </Th> <Td> Color vision </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Code </Th> <Td> TH H3. 11.08. 3.01046 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> NeuroLex ID </Th> <Td> Cone Cell </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TH </Th> <Td> H3. 11.08. 3.01046 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> Cone cell structure <P> Cone cells , or cones , are one of three types of photoreceptor cells in the retina of mammalian eyes ( e.g. the human eye ) . They are responsible for color vision and function best in relatively bright light , as opposed to rod cells , which work better in dim light . Cone cells are densely packed in the fovea centralis , a 0.3 mm diameter rod - free area with very thin , densely packed cones which quickly reduce in number towards the periphery of the retina . There are about six to seven million cones in a human eye and are most concentrated towards the macula . The commonly cited figure of six million cone cells in the human eye was found by Osterberg in 1935 . Oyster 's textbook ( 1999 ) cites work by Curcio et al. ( 1990 ) indicating an average close to 4.5 million cone cells and 90 million rod cells in the human retina . </P> <P> Cones are less sensitive to light than the rod cells in the retina ( which support vision at low light levels ) , but allow the perception of colour . They are also able to perceive finer detail and more rapid changes in images , because their response times to stimuli are faster than those of rods . Cones are normally one of the three types , each with different pigment , namely : S - cones , M - cones and L - cones . Each cone is therefore sensitive to visible wavelengths of light that correspond to short - wavelength , medium - wavelength and long - wavelength light . Because humans usually have three kinds of cones with different photopsins , which have different response curves and thus respond to variation in colour in different ways , we have trichromatic vision . Being colour blind can change this , and there have been some verified reports of people with four or more types of cones , giving them tetrachromatic vision . The three pigments responsible for detecting light have been shown to vary in their exact chemical composition due to genetic mutation ; different individuals will have cones with different color sensitivity . Destruction of the cone cells from disease would result in color blindness . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Types </Li> <Li> 2 Structure </Li> <Li> 3 Diseases </Li> <Li> 4 Color afterimage </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Types ( edit ) </H2> <P> Humans normally have three types of cones . The first responds the most to light of long wavelengths , peaking at about 560 nm ; this type is sometimes designated L for long . The second type responds the most to light of medium - wavelength , peaking at 530 nm , and is abbreviated M for medium . The third type responds the most to short - wavelength light , peaking at 420 nm , and is designated S for short . The three types have peak wavelengths near 564 -- 580 nm , 534 -- 545 nm , and 420 -- 440 nm , respectively , depending on the individual . The difference in the signals received from the three cone types allows the brain to perceive a continuous range of colours , through the opponent process of colour vision . ( Rod cells have a peak sensitivity at 498 nm , roughly halfway between the peak sensitivities of the S and M cones . ) </P> <P> All of the receptors contain the protein photopsin , with variations in its conformation causing differences in the optimum wavelengths absorbed . </P> <P> The colour yellow , for example , is perceived when the L cones are stimulated slightly more than the M cones , and the colour red is perceived when the L cones are stimulated significantly more than the M cones . Similarly , blue and violet hues are perceived when the S receptor is stimulated more . Cones are most sensitive to light at wavelengths around 420 nm . However , the lens and cornea of the human eye are increasingly absorptive to shorter wavelengths , and this sets the short wavelength limit of human - visible light to approximately 380 nm , which is therefore called ' ultraviolet ' light . People with aphakia , a condition where the eye lacks a lens , sometimes report the ability to see into the ultraviolet range . At moderate to bright light levels where the cones function , the eye is more sensitive to yellowish - green light than other colors because this stimulates the two most common ( M and L ) of the three kinds of cones almost equally . At lower light levels , where only the rod cells function , the sensitivity is greatest at a blueish - green wavelength . </P> <P> Cones also tend to possess a significantly elevated visual acuity because each cone cell has a lone connection to the optic nerve , therefore , the cones have an easier time telling that two stimuli are isolated . Separate connectivity is established in the inner plexiform layer so that each connection is parallel . </P> <P> While it has been discovered that there exists a mixed type of bipolar cells that bind to both rod and cone cells , bipolar cells still predominantly receive their input from cone cells . </P> <H2> Structure ( edit ) </H2> Bird , reptilian , and monotreme cone cells . <P> Cone cells are somewhat shorter than rods , but wider and tapered , and are much less numerous than rods in most parts of the retina , but greatly outnumber rods in the fovea . Structurally , cone cells have a cone - like shape at one end where a pigment filters incoming light , giving them their different response curves . They are typically 40 -- 50 μm long , and their diameter varies from 0.5 to 4.0 μm , being smallest and most tightly packed at the center of the eye at the fovea . The S cone spacing is slightly larger than the others . </P> <P> Photobleaching can be used to determine cone arrangement . This is done by exposing dark - adapted retina to a certain wavelength of light that paralyzes the particular type of cone sensitive to that wavelength for up to thirty minutes from being able to dark - adapt making it appear white in contrast to the grey dark - adapted cones when a picture of the retina is taken . The results illustrate that S cones are randomly placed and appear much less frequently than the M and L cones . The ratio of M and L cones varies greatly among different people with regular vision ( e.g. values of 75.8 % L with 20.0 % M versus 50.6 % L with 44.2 % M in two male subjects ) . </P> <P> Like rods , each cone cell has a synaptic terminal , an inner segment , and an outer segment as well as an interior nucleus and various mitochondria . The synaptic terminal forms a synapse with a neuron such as a bipolar cell . The inner and outer segments are connected by a cilium . The inner segment contains organelles and the cell 's nucleus , while the outer segment , which is pointed toward the back of the eye , contains the light - absorbing materials . </P> <P> Like rods , the outer segments of cones have invaginations of their cell membranes that create stacks of membranous disks . Photopigments exist as transmembrane proteins within these disks , which provide more surface area for light to affect the pigments . In cones , these disks are attached to the outer membrane , whereas they are pinched off and exist separately in rods . Neither rods nor cones divide , but their membranous disks wear out and are worn off at the end of the outer segment , to be consumed and recycled by phagocytic cells . </P> <P> The response of cone cells to light is also directionally nonuniform , peaking at a direction that receives light from the center of the pupil ; this effect is known as the Stiles -- Crawford effect . </P> <H2> Diseases ( edit ) </H2> <P> One of the diseases related to cone cells present in retina is retinoblastoma . Retinoblastoma is a rare cancer of the retina , caused by the mutation of both copies of retinoblastoma genes ( RB1 ) . Most cases of retinoblastoma occur during early childhood . One or both eyes may be affected . The protein encoded by RB1 regulates a signal transduction pathway while controlling the cell cycle progression as normally . Retinoblastoma seems to originate in cone precursor cells present in the retina that consist of natural signalling networks which restrict cell death and promote cell survival after losing the RB1 , or having both the RB1 copies mutated . It has been found that TRβ2 which is a transcription factor specifically affiliated with cones is essential for rapid reproduction and existence of the retinoblastoma cell . A drug that can be useful in the treatment of this disease is MDM2 ( murine double minute 2 ) gene . Knockdown studies have shown that the MDM2 gene silences ARF - induced apoptosis in retinoblastoma cells and that MDM2 is necessary for the survival of cone cells . It is unclear at this point why the retinoblastoma in humans is sensitive to RB1 inactivation . </P> <P> The pupil may appear white or have white spots . A white glow in the eye is often seen in photographs taken with a flash , instead of the typical `` red eye '' from the flash , and the pupil may appear white or distorted . Other symptoms can include crossed eyes , double vision , eyes that do not align , eye pain and redness , poor vision or differing iris colours in each eye . If the cancer has spread , bone pain and other symptoms may occur . </P> <H2> Color afterimage ( edit ) </H2> <P> Sensitivity to a prolonged stimulation tends to decline over time , leading to neural adaptation . An interesting effect occurs when staring at a particular color for a minute or so . Such action leads to an exhaustion of the cone cells that respond to that color - resulting in the afterimage . This vivid color aftereffect can last for a minute or more . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Cone dystrophy </Li> <Li> Disc shedding </Li> <Li> Double cones </Li> <Li> RG color space </Li> <Li> Tetrachromacy </Li> <Li> Melanopsin </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` The Rods and Cones of the Human Eye '' . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Osterberg , G. ( 1935 ) . `` Topography of the layer of rods and cones in the human retina '' . Acta Ophthalmol . Suppl. 13 ( 6 ) : 1 -- 102 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Oyster , C.W. ( 1999 ) . The human eye : structure and function . Sinauer Associates . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Curcio , CA. ; Sloan , KR. ; Kalina , RE. ; Hendrickson , AE . ( Feb 1990 ) . `` Human photoreceptor

The cones in the eye are located

Where are the cones in the eye located?

-918571312056093750

Puerto Rico Electric power authority - Wikipedia <H1> Puerto Rico Electric power authority </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Agency overview </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Formed </Th> <Td> May 2 , 1941 ; 76 years ago ( 1941 - 05 - 02 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Headquarters </Th> <Td> San Juan , Puerto Rico </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Agency executives </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Noel Zamot , Interim Emergency Administrator </Li> <Li> Ricardo Ramos , Executive Director </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Key document </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Act No. 83 of 1941 </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> www.aeepr.com </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority ( PREPA ) -- Spanish : Autoridad de Energía Eléctrica ( AEE ) -- is an electric power company and the government - owned corporation of Puerto Rico responsible for electricity generation , power distribution , and power transmission on the island . PREPA is the only entity authorized to conduct such business in Puerto Rico , making it a government monopoly . The authority is ruled by a board of directors appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the Senate . Since 2014 , PREPA is subject to the Puerto Rico Energy Commission , another government agency whose board of directors is also appointed by the governor . </P> <P> Hurricane Maria in September 2017 destroyed PREPAs distribution network , creating a blackout in all parts of the island . </P> <P> On October 25 , 2017 , amidst allegations of improper contracting , the fiscal oversight board established by PROMESA appointed Noel Zamot as interim emergency administrator of the authority . In this role , Zamot will administer the public corporation in its maintenance and expenses . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Hurricane Maria </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Structure <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Board of directors </Li> <Li> 2.2 Power plants </Li> <Li> 2.3 Subsidiaries </Li> <Li> 2.4 Labor unions </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Finances </Li> <Li> 4 Gallery </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> <P> PREPA was originally named the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority ( PRWRA ) -- Spanish : Autoridad de las Fuentes Fluviales ( AFF ) -- which was created by Law No. 83 of May 2 , 1941 during the governorship of Rexford G. Tugwell . Government - owned , PRWRA unified diverse regional and local electric power companies into one unified electric grid . </P> <H3> Hurricane Maria ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section should include a summary of Whitefish Energy . See Wikipedia : Summary style for information on how to incorporate it into this article 's main text . ( October 2017 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> When the eye of Hurricane Irma passed north of the island , winds were sufficient to leave 1 million citizens without power . Power had been restored to 980,000 people , when Hurricane Maria struck , leaving nearly the entire island without power . Two weeks later , power had been restored to about 10 % of customers. Full restoration was expected to take months , and many Puerto Ricans bought private generators . </P> <H2> Structure ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Board of directors ( edit ) </H3> <P> The board of directors is the governing body of the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority . Its membership usually consists of private citizens who are supposed to represent the public interest and may or may not include exofficio political officeholders ( typically the Secretary of Economic Development and Commerce ) . This inconsistency happens as the board 's structure changes whenever a political party gains power , usually every four or eight years . When both the governor and the legislature of Puerto Rico belong to the same party , one of the earliest laws amended by the legislature is the one governing PREPA in order to change its board 's composition . Once a new board is settled in , one of its first resolutions is to appoint a new executive director . These frequent changes effectively make the authority a partisan tool rather than a mere electric utility and , consequently , change the vision , strategy , and plans of the authority every four or eight years according to the political party in power . </P> <P> Of the different members of the board , the governor is usually required to appoint four members with the advice and consent of the Senate . It is through these members , along with the incumbent political officeholders which serve as ex officio , thus the governor and the political party in power effectively control the authority . Three additional members of the board are directly elected by consumers by plurality - at - large ; two of them by residential consumers and one by commercial ones . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs to be updated . Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information . ( October 2017 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The last structural change to the board occurred on June 25 , 2013 after governor Alejandro García Padilla enacted Act 29 of 2013 together with the 17th Legislative Assembly . The act effectively replaced the incumbent board with an entirely new board , as follows : </P> <Table> 2013 PREPA Board of Directors <Tr> <Th> Role </Th> <Th> Representation </Th> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Appointed by García Padilla </Th> <Th> Remarks </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Chairman </Td> <Td> Public interest </Td> <Td> Harry Rodríguez García </Td> <Td> Yes </Td> <Td> Chemical engineer , Vice President and General Manager of Abbott Laboratories Puerto Rico </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Vice Chairman </Td> <Td> Elected by consumers </Td> <Td> Agustín Irizarry Rivera </Td> <Td> No </Td> <Td> Professor of electrical engineering at the University of Puerto Rico </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Secretary </Td> <Td> Exofficio </Td> <Td> Miguel Torres Díaz </Td> <Td> Yes </Td> <Td> Secretary of Transportation and Public Works </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> At - large </Td> <Td> Exofficio </Td> <Td> Alberto Bacó Bagué </Td> <Td> Yes </Td> <Td> Secretary of Economic Development and Commerce </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> At - large </Td> <Td> Public interest </Td> <Td> Andrés Salas Soler </Td> <Td> Yes </Td> <Td> former judge and attorney - at - law </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> At - large </Td> <Td> Public interest </Td> <Td> Javier Quintana Méndez </Td> <Td> Yes </Td> <Td> Dean of the school of engineering of the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> At - large </Td> <Td> Elected by consumers </Td> <Td> Juan Rosario </Td> <Td> No </Td> <Td> environmental activist </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> At - large </Td> <Td> Elected by consumers </Td> <Td> vacant </Td> <Td> No </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> At - large </Td> <Td> Public interest </Td> <Td> vacant </Td> <Td> Yes </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> Power plants ( edit ) </H3> <P> PREPA serves close to 1.5 million customers through several power plants : </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Power plant </Th> <Th> Capacity </Th> <Th> Energy source </Th> <Th> Ownership </Th> <Th> Owner </Th> <Th> Operator </Th> <Th> Location </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AES Ilumina </Td> <Td> 24 MW </Td> <Td> solar power </Td> <Td> private </Td> <Td> AES Corporation </Td> <Td> AES Corporation </Td> <Td> Guayama </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AES Puerto Rico </Td> <Td> 454 MW </Td> <Td> coal </Td> <Td> private </Td> <Td> AES Corporation </Td> <Td> AES Corporation </Td> <Td> Guayama </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aguirre Combined Cycle </Td> <Td> 592 MW </Td> <Td> heavy fuel oil </Td> <Td> publicly owned </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> Salinas </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Aguirre Thermoelectric </Td> <Td> 900 MW </Td> <Td> diesel oil </Td> <Td> publicly owned </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> Salinas </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cambalache </Td> <Td> 247 MW </Td> <Td> diesel oil </Td> <Td> publicly owned </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> Arecibo </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Costa Sur </Td> <Td> 990 MW </Td> <Td> heavy fuel oil </Td> <Td> publicly owned </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> Guayanilla </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> EcoEléctrica </Td> <Td> 510 MW </Td> <Td> natural gas </Td> <Td> private </Td> <Td> Gas Natural Fenosa , International Power </Td> <Td> Gas Natural Fenosa </Td> <Td> Peñuelas </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Oriana Solar Farm </Td> <Td> 45 MW ( 58MW ( ) ) </Td> <Td> solar power </Td> <Td> private </Td> <Td> Sonnedix </Td> <Td> Sonnedix </Td> <Td> Isabela </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Palo Seco </Td> <Td> 602 MW </Td> <Td> heavy fuel oil </Td> <Td> publicly owned </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> Cataño </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Punta Lima </Td> <Td> 26 MW </Td> <Td> wind power </Td> <Td> private </Td> <Td> Sovereign Bank </Td> <Td> Gestamp Wind </Td> <Td> Naguabo </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> San Juan Combined Cycle </Td> <Td> 464 MW </Td> <Td> diesel oil </Td> <Td> publicly owned </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> San Juan </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> San Juan Thermoelectric </Td> <Td> 400 MW </Td> <Td> heavy fuel oil </Td> <Td> publicly owned </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> PREPA </Td> <Td> San Juan </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> San Fermin Solar Farm </Td> <Td> 26 MW </Td> <Td> solar power </Td> <Td> private </Td> <Td> Uriel Renewables and Coqui Power </Td> <Td> Uriel Renewables and Coqui Power </Td> <Td> Loiza </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Santa Isabel Wind Farm </Td> <Td> 75 MW </Td> <Td> wind power </Td> <Td> private </Td> <Td> Pattern Energy </Td> <Td> Pattern Energy </Td> <Td> Santa Isabel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Windmar Ponce </Td> <Td> 4.5 MW </Td> <Td> solar power </Td> <Td> private </Td> <Td> Windmar Renewable Energy </Td> <Td> Windmar Renewable Energy </Td> <Td> Ponce </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Puerto Rico has 21 hydroelectric plants rated at a combined 156MW . </P> <H3> Subsidiaries ( edit ) </H3> <P> The public corporation also provides fiber optic broadband to private carriers through one of its subsidiary , PREPA Networks . PREPA is also studying the possibility of selling energy to the United States Virgin Islands with the installation of an underwater power cable between Fajardo and the island of St. Thomas -- similar to the power cable with which it services its clients in Vieques and Culebra , which are also islands . </P> <H3> Labor unions ( edit ) </H3> <P> There are four labor unions that represent the workers from the authority exclusively UTIER , UITICE , UEPI , and UPAEE . </P> <H2> Finances ( edit ) </H2> PREPA 's operating expenses for FY2013 denote how fuel purchases take over 58 % of the authority 's operating expenses . <P> As of 2014 the authority carries liabilities of $10.1 billion USD against assets of $6 billion . It also operates with a deficit of about $354 million against revenues of $4.8 billion . In terms of costs , $2.6 billion or about 58 % of PREPA 's expenses are attributed to fuel purchases alone while salaries and collective bargains represent less than 13 % of the authority 's expenses . </P> <P> On May 23 , 2014 , Citigroup severely curtailed PREPA 's line of credit for fuel purchase , forcing PREPA to run out of cash to pay Petrobras , its main oil supplier . Petrobras , in turn , threatened to cut off further shipments to the authority . This forced the authority to take $100 million out of its Capital Improvements Fund in order to pay its debt to Petrobras . PREPA argues that the different agencies of the government of Puerto Rico owe them more than $290 million in debt , while an additional $375 million of revenue is lost through subsidies enacted by the Puerto Rican legislature . An additional $600 million is owed to the authority by residential and commercial consumers , some of them

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Great Tang Records on the Western Regions - wikipedia <H1> Great Tang Records on the Western Regions </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Great Tang Records on the Western Regions </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> A page from an edition collected in 1773 - 1782 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Traditional Chinese </Th> <Td> 大 唐 西域 記 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Simplified Chinese </Th> <Td> 大 唐 西域 记 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( show ) Transcriptions </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Standard Mandarin </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hanyu Pinyin </Th> <Td> Dà Táng Xīyù Jì </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Wade -- Giles </Th> <Td> Ta T'ang Hsi - yü Chi </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions is a narrative of Xuanzang 's nineteen - year journey from Chang'an in central China to the Western Regions of Chinese historiography . The Buddhist scholar traveled through the silk road regions of Xinjiang in northwest China , as well as neighboring areas in Central Asia and south China . </P> <P> The book was compiled in 646 , describing travels undertaken between 626 and 645 . Bianji , a disciple of Xuanzang , spent more than one year editing the book through Xuanzang 's dictation . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Overview </Li> <Li> 2 Importance </Li> <Li> 3 References <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Citations </Li> <Li> 3.2 Sources </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Translations </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Overview ( edit ) </H2> <P> The book contains more than 120,000 Chinese characters and is divided into twelve volumes , which describe the geography , land and maritime transportation , climate , local products , people , language , history , politics , economic life , religion , culture , and customs in 110 countries , regions and city - states from Xinjiang to Persia , Tajikistan , Uzbekistan , Pakistan , India , Bangladesh and Sri Lanka , among other regions . </P> <H2> Importance ( edit ) </H2> <P> Today , the text is of a great value to modern historians and archaeologists . The Records is an important document of Central Asia during the early seventh century , as it provides information of a Buddhist culture existing in Afghanistan during that time and the earliest textual evidence for Buddhist sculptures at Bamiyan . The text also has equal importance in the studies of India , and archaeologists have been using it to fill in certain gaps in Indian history . The book is known for having `` exact descriptions of distances and locations of different places '' , and has served as a guidebook for the excavation of many important sites , such as Rajagrha , the Temple at Sarnath , Ajanta , the ruins of the Nalanda Monastery in Bihar and the ruins of Vasu Bihar of ancient Pundra City . The text inspired Journey to the West , a Chinese novel published in the Ming Dynasty . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Wikisource has original text related to this article : 大 唐 西域 記 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Citations ( edit ) </H3> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions '' . University of Hawaii Press . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ New Bamiyan Buddha find amid destruction Archived May 5 , 2011 , at the Wayback Machine . </Li> </Ol> <H3> Sources ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Zhu , Yunqiu and Wang , Lixin . Da Tang Xiyu Ji Zhong De Yinduren Xingxiang ( The Image of Indians in the Great Tang Records on the Western Regions ) . Journal of Shenyang University . 2005.2 . p. 98 - 102 . ISSN 1008 - 9225 . </Li> <Li> Tang , Qinfu ( 2001 ) . History of Chinese Historiography . Taiyuan : Shanxi Education Press . ISBN 7 - 5440 - 2111 - 4 . p. 230 - 232 . </Li> <Li> Xie , Fang , `` Da Tang Xiyu Ji '' ( `` Great Tang Records on the Western Regions '' ) . Encyclopedia of China , 1st ed . </Li> <Li> Zhang Xiuping et al. ( 1993 ) . 100 Books That Influenced China : Da Tang Xiyu Ji . Nanning : Guangxi Renmin Press . ISBN 7 - 219 - 02339 - 1 . p. 392 - 398 . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Translations ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Beal , Samuel ( 1884 ) . Si - Yu - Ki : Buddhist Records of the Western World , by Hiuen Tsiang. 2 vols . Translated by Samuel Beal . London . 1884 . Reprint : Delhi . Oriental Books Reprint Corporation . 1969 . Volume 1 ( PDF 21.5 MB ) Volume2 ( PDF 16.9 MB ) </Li> <Li> Beal , Samuel ( 1911 ) . The Life of Hiuen - Tsiang . Translated from the Chinese of Shaman ( monk ) Hwui Li by Samuel Beal . London . 1911 . Reprint Munshiram Manoharlal , New Delhi . 1973 . Internet Archive ( PDF 14.3 MB ) </Li> <Li> Julien , Stanislas , ( 1857 / 1858 ) . Mémoires sur les contrées occidentales , L'Imprimerie impériale , Paris . Vol. 1 Vol. 2 </Li> <Li> Li , Rongxi ( translator ) ( 1995 ) . The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions . Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research . Berkeley , California . ISBN 1 - 886439 - 02 - 8 </Li> <Li> Watters , Thomas ( 1904 ) . On Yuan Chwang 's Travels in India , 629 - 645 A.D. Volume1 . Royal Asiatic Society , London . Volume 2 </Li> </Ul> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Da Tang Xiyu Ji `` Records from the Regions West of the Great Tang Empire '' -- Chinaknowledge.de . </Li> </Ul> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great_Tang_Records_on_the_Western_Regions&oldid=806740912 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Chinese classic texts </Li> <Li> Chinese prose texts </Li> <Li> Tang dynasty literature </Li> <Li> Travel books </Li> <Li> 7th - century books </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Webarchive template wayback links </Li> <Li> Articles containing traditional Chinese - language text </Li> <Li> Articles containing simplified Chinese - language text </Li> <Li> All articles with dead external links </Li> <Li> Articles with dead external links from October 2017 </Li> <Li> Articles with permanently dead external links </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Bân - lâm - gú </Li> <Li> Чӑвашла </Li> <Li> Français </Li> <Li> 한국어 </Li> <Li> 日本 語 </Li> <Li> Norsk </Li> <Li> Русский </Li> <Li> 中文 </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 23 October 2017 , at 21 : 41 . </Li> <Li> Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

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El Pollo Loco - Wikipedia <H1> El Pollo Loco </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <P> El Pollo Loco is the name of two independent restaurant chains that are controlled by different companies , El Pollo Loco , Inc. and El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. Both companies specialize in Mexican - style grilled chicken and were founded by Juan Francisco Ochoa . Ochoa established the first El Pollo Loco restaurant in Guasave , Sinaloa , Mexico , in the mid-1970s , and then expanded his chain into the United States in 1980 . Ochoa then sold his U.S. restaurants in 1983 , which became El Pollo Loco , Inc. , while keeping the ones in Mexico , which became El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. Both companies have since occupied non-overlapping global territories , and have offered different fare . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 United States <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Fare </Li> <Li> 1.2 History </Li> <Li> 1.3 Temporary expansion eastward </Li> <Li> 1.4 Locations within the United States </Li> <Li> 1.5 Locations outside North America </Li> <Li> 1.6 Charity partners </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Mexico <Ul> <Li> 2.1 History of the Mexican chain </Li> <Li> 2.2 Fare </Li> <Li> 2.3 Controversies </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 See also </Li> <Li> 4 References </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> United States ( edit ) </H2> <Table> El Pollo Loco , Inc . <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Fresh from the grill </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Entrance to Costa Mesa headquarters </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Trading name </Th> <Td> El Pollo Loco </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Public </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Traded as </Th> <Td> NASDAQ : LOCO S&P 600 Component </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Industry </Th> <Td> Casual dining restaurant , Restaurants </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Founded </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Guasave , Sinaloa , México ( 1975 ) </Li> <Li> Los Angeles , California , United States ( December 8 , 1980 ; 37 years ago ( 1980 - 12 - 08 ) ) </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Founder </Th> <Td> Juan Francisco Ochoa </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Headquarters </Th> <Td> Costa Mesa , California </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Number of locations </Th> <Td> 430 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area served </Th> <Td> United States ( California , Nevada , Arizona , Utah , Texas ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Key people </Th> <Td> <P> Steve Sather ( President , CEO ) Kay Bogeajis ( Chief Operating Officer ) Larry Roberts ( Chief Financial Officer ) </P> Ed Valle ( Chief Marketing Officer ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Products </Th> <Td> Fire - grilled chicken and related Mexican food </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> elpolloloco.com </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> El Pollo Loco , Inc. is a restaurant chain based in the United States , specializing in Mexican - style grilled chicken . Restaurant service consists of : dine - in , take - out , with some locations offering drive through options . The company is headquartered in Costa Mesa , California and operates over 400 ( as of March 2014 ) company - owned and franchised restaurants in the Southwestern United States . `` El Pollo Loco '' is Spanish for `` The Crazy Chicken '' . </P> <H3> Fare ( edit ) </H3> A typical El Pollo Loco restaurant <P> El Pollo Loco primarily prepares Mexican chicken entrees . The company describes its chicken as `` citrus - marinated and fire - grilled . '' The American company also offer Mexican - style food such as tacos , burritos , enchiladas , and quesadillas . </P> <P> In a bid to compete with companies such as KFC and Chick - fil - A , El Pollo Loco experimented with offering deep fried chicken in the form of breaded chicken tenders at selected locations in the United States for a limited time during the Fall 2016 . This experiment is a big departure from its previous marketing campaigns that tout their fired - grilled chicken as a healthy alternative to fried chicken . </P> <H3> History ( edit ) </H3> <P> Juan Francisco Ochoa started the restaurant in Guasave , Sinaloa , Mexico , in 1975 . </P> <P> By 1979 the chain had expanded throughout northern Mexico . On December 8 , 1980 , Ochoa opened his first U.S. restaurant in Los Angeles , California at 503 Alvarado Street , near Sixth Street . The first American location was only 1,500 - square - feet and it grossed more than $125,000 per month during its first year of operation . The initial menu was very simple : a choice of a half or whole chicken with a packet of warm tortillas and a cup of salsa . A second location was opened in Santa Ana in the fall of 1981 . </P> <P> In 1983 , the 19 American restaurants in the chain were acquired by Denny 's with an agreement that the Ochoa family would continue to operate the restaurants in Mexico . After 18 months of new ownership , the American owned El Loco Pollo , Inc. had increased the number of locations in Southern California from 19 to 29 while adding 6 locations in distant Houston , Texas , with almost all of the new locations were franchise operations . </P> <P> Four years later the 70 - unit El Pollo Loco was acquired by TW Services when TW Services purchased El Pollo Loco 's then parent Denny 's Inc. in 1987 for $218 million in cash . </P> <P> In May 1990 , El Pollo Loco opened its 200th restaurant . That new restaurant was located in Yorba Linda , California . During the early 1990s the company experimented with many different concepts to increase marketshare in the competitive Southern Californian fast food industry . In 1994 the company test marketed at a select few locations : a side - dish bar , salsa bar , and barbecue at some locations , while other locations tried selling french fries or ice cream . Only salsa bars survived the test and were introduced chainwide the following year . The company also tested home delivery and catering in 1995 . </P> <P> In August 1995 El Pollo Loco earned a place in the Guinness Book of World Records for building the world 's largest burrito in Anaheim , California . The burrito was 3,112 feet ( 949 m ) long and weighed two tons . </P> <P> American Securities Capital Partners acquired the 274 - location El Pollo Loco in 1999 for $114 Million from Advantica ( formerly called TW Services ) and later sold it to Trimaran Capital Partners in 2005 for $400 Million with 328 locations . </P> El Pollo Loco 2015 logo <P> In January 2007 , El Pollo Loco was featured on NBC TV 's hit show The Apprentice : Los Angeles where contestants competed by creating and selling versions of El Pollo Loco 's Pollo Bowl . El Pollo Loco was recognized by the World Franchising Network as a Top Franchise for Hispanics in 2010 . </P> <P> New locations were first open by franchisees in the states of Utah and Oregon in 2008 . The 400th location was opened in Chelsea , Massachusetts in May 2008 . </P> <P> In July 2014 , El Loco Pollo ( NASDAQ : LOCO ) became a publicly traded company on NASDAQ . </P> <P> In October 2016 , the company announced that it had teamed up with a Louisiana - based franchisee who plans to build and open two units in Lafayette , Louisiana , sometime in 2018 . In the following year , the Louisiana - based franchisee announced that construction of the first Lafayette was going to start in the upcoming month with an anticipated opening in the late spring of 2018 . </P> <H3> Temporary expansion eastward ( edit ) </H3> <P> Throughout its history , El Pollo Loco , Inc. , tried at various times to expand beyond its core territories of California and the American Southwest , but all of these attempts were so far not very successful . </P> <P> In 1987 , then owner TW Services began to open restaurants in the Orlando area , starting in Winter Park , Florida . Five restaurants were eventually built but all five were forced to close in 1991 . </P> <P> A second expansion attempt , mainly though franchises , was started in 2006 under then owner Trimaran Capital Partners . All of these locations were closed within six years . </P> <P> During this time , El Pollo Loco or its franchisees briefly operated several restaurants in metro Atlanta , and Boston , New Jersey and in the Hampton Roads area of Virginia ; these closed by 2011 . The chain 's franchised restaurants in the Portland , Oregon metropolitan area also closed in 2011 . An El Pollo Loco in the Foxwoods Resort Casino in Connecticut closed in spring 2012 . The last of four Chicago area stores closed at the end of 2012 . </P> <H3> Locations within the United States ( edit ) </H3> <P> In the U.S. , the El Pollo Loco chain operates over 400 company - owned and franchised restaurants in Arizona , California , Nevada , Texas , Utah , and coming in 2018 Louisiana . In 2012 , El Pollo Loco restaurants went through a major makeover . </P> <H3> Locations outside north america ( edit ) </H3> <P> Under Denny 's and its successors , El Pollo Loco , Inc. , had sold franchise licenses to operators based in East Asia . By 1997 , EPL , Inc. , had franchises located in Malaysia , Singapore and the Philippines . The franchise licenses for both Malaysia and Singapore has since lapsed . In July 2016 , the Delgado family , owners of the El Pollo Loco franchise in the Philippines , filed a lawsuit against EPL , Inc. in the Regional Trial Court so it could retain the El Pollo Loco trademark in that country after the franchise contract had terminated . </P> <H3> Charity Partners ( edit ) </H3> <P> The brand created Fire - Grilled Fundraisers , an initiative for nonprofit organizations to raise funds for their cause while dining at the restaurant . They also created El Pollo Loco Charities , a nonprofit 501 ( c ) charity to provide meals to underprivileged families , in 2005 . </P> <H2> Mexico ( edit ) </H2> <Table> El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> ¿ Que lo hace diferente ... único ... ? </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Trading name </Th> <Td> El Pollo Loco </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Private </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Industry </Th> <Td> Casual dining restaurant , Restaurants </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Founded </Th> <Td> Guasave , Sinaloa , Mexico January 6 , 1975 ; 43 years ago ( 1975 - 01 - 06 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Founder </Th> <Td> Juan Francisco Ochoa </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Headquarters </Th> <Td> San Pedro Garza García , Nuevo León , Mexico </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Number of locations </Th> <Td> 52 ( October 2017 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area served </Th> <Td> Mexico ( Coahuila , Michoacán , Nuevo León , Sinaloa , Tamaulipas , and Mexico D.F. ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Products </Th> <Td> Fire - grilled chicken and related Mexican food </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> elpolloloco.com.mx </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The El Pollo Loco locations in Mexico are not affiliated with or operated by the Costa Mesa , California - based El Pollo Loco , Inc. but are operated by Mexico - based El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. , which is still owned by founder Juan Francisco Ochoa and his family . The company specializes in selling Sinaloa - style marinaded grilled chicken . </P> <P> In Mexico , El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. , operates as El Pollo Loco in over 50 locations within Mexico City and the states of Coahuila , Nuevo

The founder of El Pollo Loco is

Who is the founder of el pollo loco?

-4199405438415986663

Vikings ( season 5 ) - wikipedia <H1> Vikings ( season 5 ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Vikings ( season 5 ) </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> DVD cover art for the season 's first half </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> Canada / Ireland </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 10 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> History </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> Part 1 : November 29 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 29 ) -- January 24 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 24 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Season chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> ← Previous Season 4 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> List of Vikings episodes </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The fifth season of the historical drama television series Vikings premiered on November 29 , 2017 on History in Canada . The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew , and later those of his sons . The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age , marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793 . </P> <P> The fifth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes , split into two parts of ten episodes ; the second half will premiere in 2018 . The premise of the fifth season differs from the previous four after the departure of Travis Fimmel as Ragnar , and it now follows the adventures of his sons . Jonathan Rhys Meyers is introduced as a major character , after his initial appearance in the fourth season 's finale . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Cast <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Main </Li> <Li> 1.2 Recurring </Li> <Li> 1.3 Guest </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Episodes </Li> <Li> 3 Production <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Development </Li> <Li> 3.2 Casting </Li> <Li> 3.3 Music </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Critical response </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Historical inaccuracies </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> Main article : List of Vikings characters <H3> Main ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Katheryn Winnick as Queen Lagertha , a shieldmaiden and Ragnar 's ex-wife ; she is the queen of Kattegat . </Li> <Li> Gustaf Skarsgård as Floki , a gifted shipbuilder </Li> <Li> Alexander Ludwig as Bjorn Ironside , Ragnar and Lagertha 's son and Torvi 's husband </Li> <Li> John Kavanagh as The Seer , the seiðrmann of Kattegat </Li> <Li> Peter Franzén as King Harald Finehair , a Viking ambitious to become the first King of Norway </Li> <Li> Jasper Pääkkönen as Halfdan the Black , Harald 's violent younger brother </Li> <Li> Moe Dunford as King Aethelwulf of Wessex </Li> <Li> Alex Høgh as Ivar the Boneless , fourth son of Ragnar and Aslaug </Li> <Li> Marco Ilsø as Hvitserk , second son of Ragnar and Aslaug </Li> <Li> Jordan Patrick Smith as Ubbe , eldest son of Ragnar and Aslaug </Li> <Li> Jonathan Rhys Meyers as Bishop Heahmund , a very religious warrior priest </Li> </Ul> <P> Main characters Sigurd , King Ecbert and Athelstan , who all died in previous seasons , briefly appear in `` The Departed '' played by body doubles . Additionally , George Blagden 's voice as Athelstan is heard in `` Full Moon '' , although the actor is uncredited . </P> <H3> Recurring ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Josefin Asplund as Queen Astrid , Lagertha 's lover and , later , King Harald 's wife </Li> <Li> Ida Marie Nielsen as Margrethe , wife of Ubbe </Li> <Li> Ferdia Walsh - Peelo as Prince / King Alfred , Queen Judith and Athelstan 's son </Li> <Li> Georgia Hirst as Torvi , wife of Bjorn and Lagertha 's advisor </Li> <Li> Jennie Jacques as Queen Judith of Northumbria , daughter of King Aelle , wedded to King Aethelwulf </Li> <Li> Jonathan Delaney Tynan as Lord Cuthred , a nobleman in service of King Aethelwulf and Bishop Heahmund </Li> <Li> Keith McErlean as Lord Denewulf , a nobleman in service of Bishop Heahmund </Li> <Li> Darren Cahill as Prince Aethelred , Queen Judith and King Aethelwulf 's son </Li> <Li> Ben Roe as Guthrum , Jarl Borg and Torvi 's son </Li> <Li> Kieran O'Reilly as `` White Hair '' , Ivar 's bodyguard </Li> <Li> Frankie McCafferty as Sindric , a polyglot drifter </Li> <Li> Albano Jerónimo as Euphemius , a Byzantine commander </Li> <Li> Karima McAdams as Kassia , a Byzantine abbess </Li> <Li> Paul Reid as Mannel , Queen Judith 's cousin </Li> <Li> Khaled Abol Naga as Emir Ziyadat Allah , an Arab ruler </Li> <Li> Adam Copeland as Kjetill Flatnose ( / ʃjetil / ) , a violent and bold warrior who joins Floki 's expedition to set up a colony </Li> <Li> Kris Holden - Ried as Eyvind ( / eɪvɪnd / ) , a Viking of Kattegat who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Leah McNamara as Aud the Deep - Minded ( / eɪθ / ) , Kjetill Flatnose and Ingvild 's daughter </Li> <Li> Jack McEvoy as Helgi the Lean , Eyvind and Rafarta 's son , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Mei Bignall as Thorunn , Kjetill Flatnose and Ingvild 's daughter and Helgi 's wife , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Kelly Campbell as Ingvild , Kjetill Flatnose 's wife , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> James Craze as Bul , Eyvind and Rafarta 's son , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Elijah Rowen as Asbjorn , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Donna Dent as Rafarta , Eyvind 's wife , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Rob Malone as Thorgrim , Kjetill Flatnose and Ingvild 's son , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Scott Graham as Frodi , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Tallulah Belle Earley as Jorunn , Kjetill Flatnose and Ingvild 's daughter , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Ryan Henson as Hali , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Svea Killoran as Asa , who also joins Floki 's expedition </Li> <Li> Anthony Brophy as King Svase , a Sami chief and an ally of Lagertha </Li> <Li> Dagny Backer Johnsen as Princess Snaefrid , Svase 's daughter </Li> </Ul> <H3> Guest ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> India Mullen as Aethegyth , a noblewoman from Wessex </Li> <Li> Frank Prendergast as Bishop Cynebert of York </Li> <Li> Laurence O'Fuarain as Hakon , a whale hunter of Vestfold </Li> <Li> Bosco Hogan as Lord Abbot of Lindisfarne </Li> <Li> Mabel Hurley as young Lagertha , appearing in a flashback </Li> <Li> Ross Matthew Anderson as Lagertha 's father , appearing in a flashback </Li> <Li> Clive Standen as Duke Rollo , a warrior and Ragnar 's brother ; he was granted the title of Duke of Normandy by Emperor Charles . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> See also : List of Vikings episodes <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . overall </Th> <Th> No. in season </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original air date </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="13"> Part 1 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 50 51 </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` The Departed '' </Td> <Td> David Wellington </Td> <Td> Michael Hirst </Td> <Td> November 29 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 29 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> <P> After Sigurd 's death , Ubbe , Ivar and Hvitserk rule jointly over their newly acquired land in East Anglia . Bjorn and Halfdan sail back to the Mediterranean Sea ; Floki sets sail for the unknown ; King Harald heads back to Kattegat . Meanwhile , Bishop Heahmund arrives at King Ecbert 's villa , celebrates the late sovereign 's funeral , and begins rebuilding the place . Aethelwulf and Judith are in exile with princes Aethelred and Alfred , the latter struck by sickness . Ivar persuades his brothers to go north and conquer the city of York . In Kattegat , Lagertha suggests that Harald was expecting to find Egil in her place , so he could take over the kingdom . Harald confesses and dares that she kill him . </P> After days at sea , Floki finally reaches land , which he believes to be Asgard , the land of the Gods . In Kattegat , Harald is held prisoner by Lagertha . He proposes an alliance with her through marriage , but she refuses and has sex with him while he remained tied up . Harald 's men free him and capture Astrid ; they leave Kattegat and Harald offers Astrid the same proposition that he had to Lagertha . Prince Alfred has a vision in which Athelstan tells him the Vikings are in York , so King Aethelwulf joins forces with Bishop Heahmund . In York , Ivar shows his brothers that he can now stand and walk on his own feet with the help of new leg braces and a crutch . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 52 </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` Homeland '' </Td> <Td> Steve Saint Leger </Td> <Td> Michael Hirst </Td> <Td> December 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 06 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Floki explores the new land he has encountered . In Norway , Astrid tempts Harald with the possibility of her alliance , whilst resisting his sexual advances . In the Mediterranean , Sindric advises Bjorn to arrive as a trader , with a few ships , and not as a warrior in command of an entire fleet . In England , the Saxons led by King Aethelwulf and Bishop Heahmund attack York , but are led into a trap . Aethelwulf 's son Aethelred is wounded and the Saxons are forced to retreat . Ubbe and Hvitserk propose a peace , but Ivar wants to continue the war . Aethelwulf seemingly accepts their offer , but Heahmund arranges to have the brothers humiliated . With Ubbe having lost face , Ivar secures his position as the leader of the Great Army . Ubbe and Hvitserk prepare to leave for Kattegat with their few followers ; however , at the last minute , Hvitserk defects to join Ivar . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 53 </Th> <Td> </Td> <Td> `` The Plan '' </Td> <Td> Steve Saint Leger </Td> <Td> Michael Hirst </Td> <Td> December 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 13 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> Bjorn reaches Sicily , and agrees to act as bodyguard to its commander Euphemius . However , Sindric discovers that Euphemius is merely a client of the Arab Emir Ziyadat Allah , and Bjorn asks to visit him . Euphemius refuses but is persuaded to agree by Kassia , a famous nun , and they set sail for Kairouan in Africa . Meanwhile , in Kattegat , Ubbe agrees to ally with Lagertha against both Ivar and Harald . In Vestfold , Astrid finally agrees to Harald 's proposal , and they are married . Floki asks the gods for permission to bring settlers to his new land and prepares to sail . Outside York , the Saxons are joined by Judith 's cousin Mannel and his men from Northumbria . Heahmund persuades Aethelwulf to lay siege , and attack only when the Vikings are starving . Inside York , the Vikings pretend to burn bodies , and Ivar humiliates Hvitserk by not sharing his plan . Aethelwulf and Heahmund see the smoke from the fires and enter the apparently deserted city ; Heahmund is concerned that there are rats above ground . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 54 </Th> <Td> 5 </Td> <Td> `` The Prisoner '' </Td> <Td> Ciarán Donnelly </Td> <Td> Michael Hirst </Td> <Td> December 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 20 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="6"> In York , Saxon

The second half of Vikings Season 5 is scheduled to air

When does the second half of vikings season 5 air?

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Connective tissue - wikipedia <H1> Connective tissue </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Connective tissue </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Section of epididymis . Connective tissue ( blue ) is seen supporting the epithelium ( purple ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MeSH </Th> <Td> D003238 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FMA </Th> <Td> 9640 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Connective tissue ( CT ) is one of the four basic types of animal tissue , along with epithelial tissue , muscle tissue , and nervous tissue . It develops from the mesoderm . Connective tissue is found in between other tissues everywhere in the body , including the nervous system . In the central nervous system , the three outer membranes ( the meninges ) that envelop the brain and spinal cord are composed of connective tissue . They support and protect the body . All connective tissue consists of three main components : fibers ( elastic and collagenous fibers ) , ground substance and cells . Not all authorities include blood or lymph as connective tissue because they lack the fiber component . All are immersed in the body water . </P> <P> The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts , adipocytes , macrophages , mast cells and leucocytes . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Types <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Characteristics </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Function <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Aging </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Clinical significance </Li> <Li> 4 Staining of connective tissue </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 Notes and references </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Types ( edit ) </H2> <P> Connective tissue can be broadly subdivided into connective tissue proper , and special connective tissue . Connective tissue proper consists of loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue ( which is further subdivided into dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues . ) Loose and dense connective tissue are distinguished by the ratio of ground substance to fibrous tissue . Loose connective tissue has much more ground substance and a relative lack of fibrous tissue , while the reverse is true of dense connective tissue . Dense regular connective tissue , found in structures such as tendons and ligaments , is characterized by collagen fibers arranged in an orderly parallel fashion , giving it tensile strength in one direction . Dense irregular connective tissue provides strength in multiple directions by its dense bundles of fibers arranged in all directions . </P> <P> Special connective tissue consists of reticular connective tissue , adipose tissue , cartilage , bone , and blood . Other kinds of connective tissues include fibrous , elastic , and lymphoid connective tissues . New vascularised connective tissue that forms in the process of wound healing is termed granulation tissue . Fibroblasts are the cells responsible for the production of some CT . </P> <P> Type I collagen is present in many forms of connective tissue , and makes up about 25 % of the total protein content of the mammalian body . </P> <H3> Characteristics ( edit ) </H3> <P> Characteristics of CT : </P> <Ul> <Li> Cells are spread through an extracellular fluid . </Li> <Li> Ground substance - A clear , colorless , and viscous fluid containing glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans to fix the body water and the collagen fibers in the intercellular spaces . Ground substance slows the spread of pathogens . </Li> <Li> Fibers . Not all types of CT are fibrous . Examples of non-fibrous CT include adipose tissue and blood . Adipose tissue gives `` mechanical cushioning '' to the body , among other functions . Although there is no dense collagen network in adipose tissue , groups of adipose cells are kept together by collagen fibers and collagen sheets in order to keep fat tissue under compression in place ( for example , the sole of the foot ) . The matrix of blood is plasma . </Li> <Li> Both the ground substance and proteins ( fibers ) create the matrix for CT . Connective tissues are derived from the mesenchyme . </Li> </Ul> <P> Types of fibers : </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Tissue </Th> <Th> Purpose </Th> <Th> Components </Th> <Th> Location </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Collagenous fibers </Td> <Td> Bind bones and other tissues to each other </Td> <Td> Alpha polypeptide chains </Td> <Td> tendon , ligament , skin , cornea , cartilage , bone , blood vessels , gut , and intervertebral disc . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Elastic fibers </Td> <Td> Allow organs like arteries and lungs to recoil </Td> <Td> Elastic microfibril and elastin </Td> <Td> extracellular matrix </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Reticular fibers </Td> <Td> Form a scaffolding for other cells </Td> <Td> Type III collagen </Td> <Td> liver , bone marrow , and lymphatic organs </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Function ( edit ) </H2> <P> Connective tissue has a wide variety of functions that depend on the types of cells and the different classes of fibers involved . Loose and dense irregular connective tissue , formed mainly by fibroblasts and collagen fibers , have an important role in providing a medium for oxygen and nutrients to diffuse from capillaries to cells , and carbon dioxide and waste substances to diffuse from cells back into circulation . They also allow organs to resist stretching and tearing forces . Dense regular connective tissue , which forms organized structures , is a major functional component of tendons , ligaments and aponeuroses , and is also found in highly specialized organs such as the cornea . Elastic fibers , made from elastin and fibrillin , also provide resistance to stretch forces . They are found in the walls of large blood vessels and in certain ligaments , particularly in the ligamenta flava . </P> <P> In hematopoietic and lymphatic tissues , reticular fibers made by reticular cells provide the stroma -- or structural support -- for the parenchyma -- or functional part -- of the organ . </P> <P> Mesenchyme is a type of connective tissue found in developing organs of embryos that is capable of differentiation into all types of mature connective tissue . Another type of relatively undifferentiated connective tissue is mucous connective tissue , found inside the umbilical cord . </P> <P> Various types of specialized tissues and cells are classified under the spectrum of connective tissue , and are as diverse as brown and white adipose tissue , blood , cartilage and bone . Cells of the immune system , such as macrophages , mast cells , plasma cells and eosinophils are found scattered in loose connective tissue , providing the ground for starting inflammatory and immune responses upon the detection of antigens . </P> <H3> Aging ( edit ) </H3> <P> Aging - related disorders in connective tissue - rich organs are common and cause major disabilities in the elderly . The production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species appears to be a major determinant of aging ( see Free radical theory of aging ) . Ordinarily mitochondrial superoxide dismutase ( SOD2 ) protects against oxidative stress . Mutant mice with a connective tissue conditional deficiency for ( SOD2 ) have an accelerated aging phenotype . This aging phenotype includes weight loss , skin atrophy , kyphosis ( curvature of the spine ) , osteoporosis , muscle degeneration and reduced life span . </P> <H2> Clinical significance ( edit ) </H2> Main article : Connective tissue disease <P> There are many types of connective tissue disorders , such as : </P> <Ul> <Li> Connective tissue neoplasms including sarcomas such as hemangiopericytoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in nervous tissue . </Li> <Li> Congenital diseases include Marfan syndrome and Ehlers - Danlos Syndrome . </Li> <Li> Myxomatous degeneration -- a pathological weakening of connective tissue . </Li> <Li> Mixed connective tissue disease -- a disease of the autoimmune system , also undifferentiated connective tissue disease . </Li> <Li> Systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) -- a major autoimmune disease of connective tissue </Li> <Li> Scurvy , caused by a deficiency of vitamin C which is necessary for the synthesis of collagen . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Staining of connective tissue ( edit ) </H2> <P> For microscopic viewing , most of the connective tissue staining - techniques , colour tissue fibers in contrasting shades . Collagen may be differentially stained by any of the following : </P> <Ul> <Li> Van Gieson 's stain </Li> <Li> Masson 's trichrome stain </Li> <Li> Mallory 's trichrome stain </Li> <Li> Aniline blue stain </Li> <Li> Eosin </Li> <Li> Reticulin stain </Li> </Ul> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Endometrium </Li> <Li> Fascia </Li> <Li> Parametrium </Li> </Ul> <H2> Notes and references ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Connective Tissue Study Guide '' . 2 January 2013 . Retrieved 26 October 2014 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Dorland , W.A. Newman ( 2012 ) . Dorland 's Illustrated Medical Dictionary ( 32nd ed . ) . Elsevier . p. 1931 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 4160 - 6257 - 8 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Shostak , Stanley . `` Connective Tissues '' . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Carol Mattson Porth ; Glenn Matfin ( 1 October 2010 ) . Essentials of Pathophysiology : Concepts of Altered Health States . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins . pp. 24 -- . ISBN 978 - 1 - 58255 - 724 - 3 . Retrieved 11 May 2011 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Potter , Hugh . `` The Connective Tissues '' . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Caceci , Thomas . `` Connective Tisues '' . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ King , David . `` Histology Intro '' . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Granulation Tissue Definition '' . Memidex . Retrieved 7 May 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Di Lullo ; G.A. ( 2002 ) . `` Mapping the Ligand - binding Sites and Disease - associated Mutations on the Most Abundant Protein in the Human , Type I Collagen '' . Journal of Biological Chemistry . 277 ( 6 ) : 4223 -- 31 . doi : 10.1074 / jbc. M110709200 . PMID 11704682 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Xu , H. ; et al. ( 2008 ) . `` Monitoring Tissue Engineering Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging '' . Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering. 106 ( 6 ) : 515 -- 527 . doi : 10.1263 / jbb. 106.515 . PMID 19134545 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Laclaustra , M. ; et al. ( 2007 ) . `` Metabolic syndrome pathophysiology : The role of adiposetissue '' . Nutrition , Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases . 17 ( 2 ) : 125 -- 139 . doi : 10.1016 / j. numecd. 2006.10. 005 . PMID 17270403 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Ross M , Pawlina W ( 2011 ) . Histology : A Text and Atlas ( 6th ed . ) . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins . pp. 158 -- 197 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 7817 - 7200 - 6 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Young B , Woodford P , O'Dowd G ( 2013 ) . Wheater 's Functional Histology : A Text and Colour Atlas ( 6th ed . ) . Elsevier . p. 65 . ISBN 978 - 0702047473 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Treiber N , Maity P , Singh K , Kohn M , Keist AF , Ferchiu F , Sante L , Frese S , Bloch W , Kreppel F , Kochanek S , Sindrilaru A , Iben S , Högel J , Ohnmacht M , Claes LE , Ignatius A , Chung JH , Lee MJ , Kamenisch Y , Berneburg M , Nikolaus T , Braunstein K , Sperfeld AD , Ludolph AC , Briviba K , Wlaschek M , Florin L , Angel P , Scharffetter - Kochanek K

Connective tissue is found

Where is connective tissue found in the body?

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Richard II of England to Anne of Bohemia , which took place in 1381 . </P> <P> In 1508 , French poet Eloy d'Amerval referred to a poisson d'avril ( April fool , literally `` Fish of April '' ) , possibly the first reference to the celebration in France . In the Middle Ages , New Year 's Day was celebrated on March 25 in most European towns . In some areas of France , New Year 's was a week - long holiday ending on April 1 . Some writers suggest that April Fools ' originated because those who celebrated on January 1 made fun of those who celebrated on other dates . The use of January 1 as New Year 's Day was common in France by the mid-16th century , and this date was adopted officially in 1564 by the Edict of Roussillon . </P> <P> In 1539 , Flemish poet Eduard de Dene wrote of a nobleman who sent his servants on foolish errands on April 1 . </P> <P> In the Netherlands , the origin of April Fools ' Day is often attributed to the Dutch victory at Brielle in 1572 , where the Spanish Duke Álvarez de Toledo was defeated . `` Op 1 april verloor Alva zijn bril '' is a Dutch proverb , which can be translated to : `` On the first of April , Alva lost his glasses . '' In this case , the glasses ( `` bril '' in Dutch ) serve as a metaphor for Brielle . This theory , however , provides no explanation for the international celebration of April Fools ' Day . </P> <P> In 1686 , John Aubrey referred to the celebration as `` Fooles holy day '' , the first British reference . On April 1 , 1698 , several people were tricked into going to the Tower of London to `` see the Lions washed '' . </P> <P> Although no Biblical scholar or historian are known to have mentioned a relationship , some have expressed the belief that the origins of April Fool 's Day may go back to the Genesis flood narrative . In a 1908 edition of the Harper 's Weekly cartoonist Bertha R. McDonald wrote : </P> <P> Authorities gravely back with it to the time of Noah and the ark . The London Public Advertiser of March 13 , 1769 , printed : `` The mistake of Noah sending the dove out of the ark before the water had abated , on the first day of April , and to perpetuate the memory of this deliverance it was thought proper , whoever forgot so remarkable a circumstance , to punish them by sending them upon some sleeveless errand similar to that ineffectual message upon which the bird was sent by the patriarch '' . </P> <H2> Longstanding Customs ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( March 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> United kingdom ( edit ) </H3> <P> In the UK , an April Fool joke is revealed by shouting `` April fool ! '' at the recipient , who becomes the `` April fool '' . A study in the 1950s , by folklorists Iona and Peter Opie , found that in the UK , and in countries whose traditions derived from the UK , the joking ceased at midday . A person playing a joke after midday is the `` April fool '' themselves . </P> <P> In Scotland , April Fools ' Day was traditionally called ' Huntigowk Day ' , although this name has fallen into disuse . The name is a corruption of ' Hunt the Gowk ' , `` gowk '' being Scots for a cuckoo or a foolish person ; alternative terms in Gaelic would be Là na Gocaireachd , ' gowking day ' , or Là Ruith na Cuthaige , ' the day of running the cuckoo ' . The traditional prank is to ask someone to deliver a sealed message that supposedly requests help of some sort . In fact , the message reads `` Dinna laugh , dinna smile . Hunt the gowk another mile . '' The recipient , upon reading it , will explain he can only help if he first contacts another person , and sends the victim to this next person with an identical message , with the same result . </P> <P> In England a `` fool '' is known by different names around the country , including a `` noodle '' , `` gob '' , `` gobby '' or `` noddy '' . </P> <H3> Ireland ( edit ) </H3> <P> In Ireland , it was traditional to entrust the victim with an `` important letter '' to be given to a named person . That person would then ask the victim to take it to someone else , and so on . The letter when finally opened contained the words `` send the fool further '' . </P> <H3> Prima aprilis in Poland ( edit ) </H3> <P> In Poland , prima aprilis ( `` 1 April '' in Latin ) as a day of jokes is a centuries - long tradition . It is a day in which many jokes are told ; various hoaxes -- sometimes very sophisticated -- are prepared by people , media ( which often cooperate to make the `` information '' more credible ) and even public institutions . Serious activities are usually avoided , and generally every word said on April 1st can be a lie , or a joke . The conviction for this is so strong that the Polish anti-Turkish alliance with Leopold I signed on April 1 , 1683 , was backdated to March 31 . However , for some in Poland prima aprilis ends at noon of April 1st , and prima aprilis jokes after that hour are considered inappropriate and not classy . </P> <H3> Nordic countries ( edit ) </H3> <P> Danes , Finns , Icelanders , Norwegians and Swedes celebrate April Fools ' Day ( aprilsnar in Danish ; aprillipäivä in Finnish ) . Most news media outlets will publish exactly one false story on April 1 ; for newspapers this will typically be a first - page article but not the top headline . </P> <H3> April fish ( edit ) </H3> <P> In Italy , France , Belgium , The Netherlands , and French - speaking areas of Switzerland and Canada , April 1 tradition is often known as `` April fish '' ( poissons d'avril in French , aprilvis in Dutch or pesce d'aprile in Italian ) . This includes attempting to attach a paper fish to the victim 's back without being noticed . Such fish feature prominently on many late 19th - to early 20th - century French April Fools ' Day postcards . Many newspapers also spread a false story on April Fools ' Day , and a subtle reference to a fish is sometimes given as a clue . </P> <H3> India ( edit ) </H3> <P> In India , there have been numerous references to April Fools ' Day in both cinema and popular literature and people are jovially associated with the day . However , this is not any intrinsic part of India 's ancient culture . </P> <H3> Lebanon ( edit ) </H3> <P> In Lebanon , an April Fool joke is revealed by shouting `` كذبة ابريل ! '' ( which means `` Aprils fool ! '' ) at the recipient , who becomes the `` April fool '' . </P> <H3> Spanish - speaking countries ( edit ) </H3> <P> In many Spanish - speaking countries ( and the Philippines ) , `` Dia de los Santos Inocentes '' ( Holy Innocents Day ) is celebrated , which is very similar to April Fools . Often , people play pranks on each other , trick others , etc . </P> <H2> Pranks ( edit ) </H2> An April Fools ' Day prank in Boston 's Public Garden warning people not to photograph sculptures . Main article : List of April Fools ' Day jokes <P> As well as people playing pranks on one another on April Fools ' Day , elaborate practical jokes have appeared on radio and TV stations , newspapers , websites , and have been performed by large corporations . In one famous prank from 1957 , the BBC broadcast a film in their Panorama current affairs series purporting to show Swiss farmers picking freshly - grown spaghetti , in what they called the Swiss Spaghetti Harvest . The BBC were later flooded with requests to purchase a spaghetti plant , forcing them to declare the film a hoax on the news the next day . </P> <P> With the advent of the Internet and readily available global news services , April Fools ' pranks can catch and embarrass a wider audience than ever before . </P> <H2> Comparable prank days ( edit ) </H2> <P> December 28 , the equivalent day in Spain and Hispanic America , is also the Christian day of celebration of the `` Day of the Holy Innocents '' . The Christian celebration is a holiday in its own right , a religious one , but the tradition of pranks is not , though the latter is observed yearly . After somebody plays a joke or a prank on somebody else , the joker usually cries out , in some regions of Hispanic America : Inocente palomita que te dejaste engañar ( `` You innocent little dove that let yourself be fooled '' ) , not to be confused with the second translation of palomita , which is popcorn . </P> <P> In Mexico , the phrase is ¡ Inocente para siempre ! which means `` Innocent forever ! '' . In Argentina , the prankster says ¡ Que la inocencia te valga ! , which roughly translates as a piece of advice on not to be as gullible as the victim of the prank . In Spain , it is common to say just ¡ Inocente ! ( which in Spanish can mean `` Innocent ! '' , but also `` Gullible ! '' ) . </P> <P> In Colombia , the term used is `` Pasala por inocente '' , which roughly means : `` I am innocent , it was just a joke '' </P> <P> In Belgium , this day is also known as the `` Day of the innocent children '' or `` Day of the stupid children '' . It used to be a day where parents , grandparents , and teachers would fool the children in some way . But the celebration of this day has died out in favor of April Fools ' Day . </P> <P> Nevertheless , on the Spanish island of Menorca , Dia d'enganyar ( `` Fooling day '' ) is celebrated on April 1 because Menorca was a British possession during part of the 18th century . In Brazil , the `` Dia da mentira '' ( `` Day of the lie '' ) is also celebrated on April 1 . </P> <P> In Iran , on 13th of the first month ( Farvardin ) of the Iranian calendar ( known as Nature 's day or Sizdah Be-dar , 1st or 2nd of April ) , it is common that people spread false news and then shout `` Doroughe sizdah '' ( lie of 13 ) to the victim . Some of the newspapers and journals also do the same and then somewhere in the bottom of page write `` Doroughe sizdah '' with inverse letters . </P> <H2> Reception ( edit ) </H2> <P> The practice of April Fool pranks and hoaxes is controversial . The mixed opinions of critics are epitomised in the reception to the 1957 BBC `` Spaghetti - tree hoax

April Fools' Day ends at noon on

When does april fools day end at noon?

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Thank You for Your Service ( 2017 film ) - wikipedia <H1> Thank You for Your Service ( 2017 film ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Thank You for Your Service </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Theatrical release poster </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Td> Jason Hall </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Produced by </Th> <Td> Jon Kilik </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Screenplay by </Th> <Td> Jason Hall </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Based on </Th> <Td> Thank You for Your Service by David Finkel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Starring </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Miles Teller </Li> <Li> Haley Bennett </Li> <Li> Joe Cole </Li> <Li> Amy Schumer </Li> <Li> Beulah Koale </Li> <Li> Scott Haze </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Music by </Th> <Td> Thomas Newman </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Cinematography </Th> <Td> Roman Vasyanov </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Edited by </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jay Cassidy </Li> <Li> Dino Jonsäter </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> DreamWorks Pictures </Li> <Li> Reliance Entertainment </Li> <Li> Rahway Road Productions </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributed by </Th> <Td> Universal Pictures </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Release date </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> October 15 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 15 ) ( Heartland ) </Li> <Li> October 27 , 2017 ( 2017 - 10 - 27 ) ( United States ) </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 108 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Budget </Th> <Td> $20 million </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Box office </Th> <Td> $9.7 million </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Thank You for Your Service is a 2017 American biographical war drama film written and directed by Jason Hall , in his directorial debut , based on the 2013 non-fiction book of the same name by David Finkel . Finkel , a Washington Post reporter , wrote about veterans of the 2nd Battalion , 16th Infantry Regiment returning to the vicinity of Fort Riley , Kansas , following a 15 - month deployment in Iraq in 2007 . The film is about posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) , depicting U.S. soldiers who try to adjust to civilian life , and stars Miles Teller , Haley Bennett , Beulah Koale , Amy Schumer and Scott Haze . A new Bruce Springsteen song , `` Freedom Cadence '' , was written specifically for the closing credits . </P> <P> The film had its world premiere at the Heartland Film Festival on October 15 , 2017 , and was released in the United States on October 27 , 2017 , by Universal Pictures . It received generally positive reviews from critics , with praise aimed at the cast , but grossed just $9 million against its $20 million budget . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Cast </Li> <Li> 3 Production <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Filming </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Release <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Promotion </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Reception <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Box office </Li> <Li> 5.2 Critical response </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> After a harrowing 15 - month combat experience in Iraq , the much - decorated Adam Schumann ( Miles Teller ) returns home to Kansas and a loving wife , Saskia ( Haley Bennett ) . Adam and Saskia have two young children , a daughter and infant son born while Adam was still overseas . Adam suffers from PTSD as manifest by nightmares and frequent flashbacks for which his wife convinces him to seek help from an overburdened Department of Veterans Affairs . He also receives solace from two Iraq buddies living nearby , an American Samoan , Solo Aeiti ( Beulah Koale ) , and Billy Waller ( Joe Cole ) , who commits suicide in front of his fiancée ( Erin Darke ) after discovering she has taken all his money and their child and left him . </P> <P> Adam 's unresolved psychological issues revolve around his failure to safely rescue a fellow soldier from a building under fire , Michael Emory ( Scott Haze ) , who was dropped on his head and rendered hemiplegic but later expresses gratitude to Adam for being alive , and survivor 's guilt about letting Sergeant First Class James Doster ( Brad Beyer ) take Adam 's place on patrol one day . When the Humvee with Doster filling in for Adam makes a wrong turn and hits an improvised explosive device , Solo assists the men in their escape to safety , but Doster is inadvertently left behind and dies in the conflagration . Doster 's grieving widow , Amanda ( Amy Schumer ) , who is best of friends with Saskia Schumann , finally gains closure as she learns the circumstances of her husband 's death towards the end of the movie and absolves Adam and Solo of responsibility for it . </P> <P> Meanwhile , Solo suffers from such severe PTSD and memory loss that he is unable to fulfill a fervent desire to reenlist for another tour in Iraq . He falls in with a group of drug dealers led by a Gulf War veteran , Dante ( Omar Dorsey ) . Adam rescues his friend and puts him on a Greyhound bus to California , where Solo will take Adam 's place at a rehabilitation center specializing in the treatment of PTSD . </P> <P> Sometime later , Adam returns from his own stay at the rehabilitation center , being greeted by his wife and children back in their original home . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Miles Teller as Staff Sergeant Adam Schumann , Saskia 's husband , a soldier who leaves Iraq as a broken man . </Li> <Li> Haley Bennett as Saskia Schumann , Adam 's loyal and supportive wife . </Li> <Li> Beulah Koale as Specialist Tausolo Aieti , Alea 's husband , an American Samoan soldier who feels that the military has made his life better . </Li> <Li> Joe Cole as Billy Waller , a soldier who returns home in crisis and tries to find his fiancée and their daughter who have left him . </Li> <Li> Amy Schumer as Amanda Doster , Saskia 's best friend and the wife of Sergeant First Class James Doster . </Li> <Li> Brad Beyer as Sergeant First Class James Doster , Amanda 's husband . </Li> <Li> Keisha Castle - Hughes as Alea , Tausolo Aieti 's wife </Li> <Li> Scott Haze as Michael Adam Emory , a soldier suffering from PTSD . </Li> <Li> Omar Dorsey as Dante , a veteran who now operates as a drug smuggler </Li> <Li> Jayson Warner Smith as VA Receptionist </Li> <Li> Sean P Mcgoldrick as Private Chris Kyle Jr . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> <P> On March 12 , 2013 , DreamWorks announced that it had acquired the film rights to the David Finkel 's upcoming non-fiction book Thank You for Your Service , about posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) in soldiers who return from war in Iraq and have difficulties in adapting to civilian life . Steven Spielberg was expected to join the film as director , while American Sniper 's Oscar - nominated scribe Jason Dean Hall was hired in June 2013 to adapt the book into a film . Daniel Day - Lewis was later eyed to re-team with Spielberg on this film . </P> <P> On June 30 , 2015 , The Hollywood Reporter confirmed that screenwriter Hall would be making his directorial debut with the film from his own script . On August 19 , 2015 , it was reported that Miles Teller was in talks to join the film as Adam Schumann , a soldier who leaves Iraq as a broken man . On October 20 , 2015 , Haley Bennett was cast in the film to play Schumann 's loyal and supportive wife . On December 2 , 2015 , New Zealand - based newcomer Beulah Koale joined the film to play Solo , an American Samoan soldier who feels that the military had made his life better . On January 7 , 2016 , Scott Haze was cast in the film to play a soldier suffering from PTSD . Jon Kilik would produce the film , which Universal Pictures would distribute in the United States . On January 28 , 2016 , Joe Cole joined the film to play a soldier who returns home in crisis and tries to find his fiancée and their daughter who have left him , while Jayson Warner Smith joined the film to play a receptionist at a Veterans Affairs office . On February 9 , 2016 , Amy Schumer joined the cast with three others : Keisha Castle - Hughes , Brad Beyer , and Omar Dorsey . It was later revealed that Kate Lyn Sheil had joined the cast . </P> <H3> Filming ( edit ) </H3> <P> Principal photography on the film began on February 9 , 2016 , in Atlanta , Georgia . In March 2016 , it filmed at the Gwinnett Place Mall in Duluth , Georgia . </P> <H2> Release ( edit ) </H2> <P> The film had its world premiere at the Heartland Film Festival on October 15 , 2017 . The film was released in the United States on October 27 , 2017 . </P> <H3> Promotion ( edit ) </H3> <P> On October 20 , 2017 , Universal and DreamWorks announced a partnership with Chinese - owned AMC Theatres to give more than 10,000 free tickets to the film to veterans and service members . </P> <H2> Reception ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Box office ( edit ) </H3> <P> In the United States and Canada , Thank You for Your Service was released alongside Jigsaw and Suburbicon , and was projected to gross around $5 million from 2,054 theaters in its opening weekend . It ended up debuting to just $3.7 million , finishing 6th at the box office , and marking the second straight week Teller was featured in a well - received but underperforming biopic , following Only the Brave . In its second weekend it made $2.3 million , dropping 40 % , finishing 7th at the box office . </P> <H3> Critical response ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . ( November 2017 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes , the film has an approval rating of 77 % based on 94 reviews , with an average rating of 6.7 / 10 . The site 's critical consensus reads , `` Thank You for Your Service takes a sobering and powerfully acted -- if necessarily incomplete -- look at soldiers grappling with the horrific emotional impact of war . '' On Metacritic , which assigns a normalized rating to reviews , the film has a weighted average score of 68 out of 100 , based on 34 critics , indicating `` generally favorable reviews '' . Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of `` A -- '' on an A+ to F scale . </P> <P> Matt Zoller Seitz of RogerEbert.com gave the film 3.5 / 4 stars , stating that the film , although a studio picture , `` has been written , shot , edited and acted in such an intimate and unobtrusive way that the result feels like a throwback to an earlier era of American mainstream filmmaking , when it was still possible to base a handsomely produced feature film around observed behavior . '' </P> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Kroll , Justin ( February 9 , 2016 ) . `` Amy Schumer to Co-Star in PTSD Drama From ' American Sniper ' Writer '' . Variety . Retrieved

The movie "Thank You for Your Service" is based on

Where is thank you for your service based?

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Action Jackson ( 2014 film ) - wikipedia <H1> Action Jackson ( 2014 film ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Action Jackson </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Theatrical release poster </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Td> Prabhu Deva </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Produced by </Th> <Td> Gordhan Tanwani Sunil Lulla </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Screenplay by </Th> <Td> Prabhu Deva A.C. Mugil Shiraz Ahmed </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Story by </Th> <Td> A.C. Mugil </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Starring </Th> <Td> Ajay Devgn Sonakshi Sinha Yami Gautam Kunaal Roy Kapur Manasvi Mamgai Anandaraj </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Music by </Th> <Td> Songs : Himesh Reshammiya Background score : Sandeep Chowta </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Cinematography </Th> <Td> Vijay Kumar Arora </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Edited by </Th> <Td> Bunty Nagi </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company </Th> <Td> Baba Films </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributed by </Th> <Td> Eros International </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Release date </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> 5 December 2014 ( 2014 - 12 - 05 ) </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 144 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Td> India </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Language </Th> <Td> Hindi </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Budget </Th> <Td> ₹ 930 million </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Box office </Th> <Td> ₹ 888.7 million </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Action Jackson is a 2014 Indian action comedy film directed by Prabhu Deva and produced by Gordhan Tanwani and Sunil Lulla . It features Ajay Devgn in dual roles , alongside Sonakshi Sinha , Yami Gautam and Manasvi Mamgai as the female leads . Kunaal Roy Kapur appears in a supporting role with Anandaraj portraying the main antagonist . Prabhu Deva and Ajay Devgn have paired for the first time with this film . Action Jackson released on 5 December 2014 . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Plot </Li> <Li> 2 Cast </Li> <Li> 3 Critical reception </Li> <Li> 4 Soundtrack <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Track listing </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Plot ( edit ) </H2> <P> Vishi ( Ajay Devgn ) is a small - time crook who would do anything for money . He falls in love with Khushi ( Sonakshi Sinha ) , a simple HR executive , who then begins a relationship with him . One day , Vishi , who frequently gets involved in fights , publicly beats up a street gangster , who later seeks a revenge attack with his gang . The gangster and his gang brutally beat up Vishi , and easily escape the scene . It is then revealed that the person they had beaten is actually Vishi 's lookalike , Jai . The goons escape when they hear the siren , and Vishi is found alive on bike , then the same goons gets beaten brutally by Vishi . Khushi tries to explain to Vishi that she loves him , he understands and they both start falling in love . On another occasion , a police inspector arrests Jai and hands him over to a group of gangsters led by Pedro ( Ketan Karande ) . Jai single - handedly kills them all and is revealed to be a professional assassin and previous right - hand man of underworld criminal Xavier Fonseca ( Anandaraj ) , nicknamed AJ . After AJ single - handedly rescued Xavier 's sister Marina ( Manasvi Mamgai ) from a bunch of kidnappers , Marina falls for Jai but he rejects her as he is been married to Anusha ( Yami Gautam ) . </P> <P> Angered , Xavier tries to kill Anusha twice to get AJ married to Marina , which leaves her brutally injured . Jai then escaped to India and is in the process of getting her treated . When Vishi spots Jai , he reveals his identity and story to Vishi . Jai then requests Vishi to go to Bangkok disguised as AJ to fool Xavier and his sister ; meanwhile , AJ makes time to get his wife operated on , as she is expecting a baby . Vishi agrees to help and goes to Bangkok along with his friend Musa ( Kunaal Roy Kapur ) . Meanwhile , Insp . Shirke finds AJ 's lookalike and tries to inform Xavier but ended up murdered . The style of murder triggers suspicion to Xavier . Marina tortures Musa to know the truth . He reveals that Vishi is the one who masqueraded as AJ . Xavier hatches a plan to bring AJ to Bangkok by kidnapping his wife , baby and lookalike and threatens to kill all three of them . It is revealed up that Vishi is actually in Mumbai and AJ and himself switched their places in the airport at time after the job is done . AJ reaches the spot and kills all Xavier 's henchmen , Xavier , Marina while AJ and Anusha escape with their kid . Later it was revealed to be safe who was rescued by one of a man ( Razzak Khan ) of Xavier . The film ends with AJ and Vishi meeting at airport and Anusha requests Vishi to marry Khushi soon . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> Director Prabhu Deva and actors Sonakshi Sinha and Ajay Devgan <Ul> <Li> Ajay Devgan as Vishal / Jai ( AJ ) ( dual role ) </Li> <Li> Sonakshi Sinha as Khushi </Li> <Li> Yami Gautam as Anusha </Li> <Li> Kunaal Roy Kapur as Musa </Li> <Li> Manasvi Mamgai as Marina </Li> <Li> Anandaraj as Xavier </Li> <Li> Prabhas special appearance in the song `` Punjabi Mast '' </Li> <Li> Shahid Kapoor special appearance in the song `` Punjabi Mast '' </Li> <Li> Prabhu Deva special appearance in the song `` AJ '' </Li> <Li> Razzak Khan as Xavier 's henchman </Li> <Li> Arti Puri as Khushi 's Friend </Li> <Li> Natasa Stankovic as Natasha </Li> <Li> Ankita Bhargava as Khushi 's Friend </Li> <Li> Puru Raajkumar as Inspector Shirke </Li> <Li> Shawar Ali as Nawab ( cameo ) </Li> <Li> Rocky Verma as Riya 's father in New Zealand </Li> <Li> Ketan Karande as Pedro </Li> <Li> Sulabha Arya as Vishi 's neighbour </Li> </Ul> <H2> Critical reception ( edit ) </H2> <P> Prarthna Sarkar from International Business Times gave Action Jackson 1 star out of 5 , stating it is a `` bad dream '' for viewers . Gayatri Sarkar from Zee News gave 1 star out of 5 , stating that the film failed to entertain the audience . Deepanjana Paul from Firstpost criticised the film for its poor direction , editing and story . Film critic Rajeev Masand rated the film 1 out of 5 , feeling that the film has excessive violence . Under a headline calling the film a feminist milestone , Raja Sen for Rediff rated it 3 / 5 saying that while the film is filled with `` relentless absurdity '' , the women propel the narrative in a refreshing way . Rachit Gupta from Filmfare gave a similar rating of 3 / 5 , stating that the genre mixing of unscripted comedy and stylized action is `` too inconsistent to garner any appreciation '' . Mumbai Mirror similarly rated it 3 / 5 and responded positively . </P> <H2> Soundtrack ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Action Jackson </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Soundtrack album by Himesh Reshammiya </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> 10 November 2014 ( 2014 - 11 - 10 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Feature Film Soundtrack </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> Eros Music </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Himesh Reshammiya chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> Kick ( 2014 ) Kick 2014 </Td> <Td> Action Jackson ( 2014 ) </Td> <Td> Prem Ratan Dhan Payo ( 2015 ) Prem Ratan Dhan Payo 2015 </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The soundtrack was composed by Himesh Reshammiya , while the lyrics were written by Shabbir Ahmed and Sameer . </P> <H3> Track listing ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Lyrics </Th> <Th> Music </Th> <Th> Singer ( s ) </Th> <Th> Length </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1 . </Td> <Td> `` Keeda '' </Td> <Td> Shabbir Ahmed </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya , Neeti Mohan </Td> <Td> 3 : 06 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 2 . </Td> <Td> `` Punjabi Mast '' </Td> <Td> Sameer </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya , Ankit Tiwari , Neeti Mohan , Arya Acharya , Alamgir Khan ( singer ) , Vineet Singh </Td> <Td> 4 : 14 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 3 . </Td> <Td> `` Chichora Piya '' </Td> <Td> Sameer </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya , Shalmali Kholgade </Td> <Td> 4 : 27 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 4 . </Td> <Td> `` Dhoom Dhaam '' </Td> <Td> Sameer </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Ankit Tiwari , Palak Muchhal </Td> <Td> 4 : 38 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 5 . </Td> <Td> `` Gangster Baby '' </Td> <Td> Shabbir Ahmed </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Neeraj Shridhar , Neeti Mohan </Td> <Td> 4 : 40 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 . </Td> <Td> `` Keeda '' ( remix ) </Td> <Td> Shabbir Ahmed </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya , Neeti Mohan </Td> <Td> 3 : 00 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 . </Td> <Td> `` Punjabi Mast '' ( remix ) </Td> <Td> Shabbir Ahmed </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya , Ankit Tiwari , Neeti Mohan , Arya Acharya , Alamgir Khan , Vineet Singh </Td> <Td> 3 : 53 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 . </Td> <Td> `` Chichora Piya '' ( remix ) </Td> <Td> Sameer </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya , Shalmali Kholgade </Td> <Td> 4 : 08 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 . </Td> <Td> `` Keeda '' ( reprise ) </Td> <Td> Shabbir Ahmed </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya </Td> <Td> Himesh Reshammiya , Neeti Mohan </Td> <Td> 3 : 06 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="5"> Total length : </Td> <Td> 35 : 12 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Action Jackson - Movie - Box Office India '' . Retrieved 19 November 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ ' Action Jackson ' Movie Review : It ' a Bad , Bad Dream . International Business Times . Prarthna Sarkar. 5 December 2014 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ ' Action Jackson ' review : Fails to entertain. 7 December 2014 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Action Jackson review : Watching this Ajay Devgn starrer is like punishing yourself . Firstpost . Deepanjana Paul . 7 December 2014 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ ' Action Jackson ' review : The film is an orgy of bloody fight scenes. IBN live . Rajeev Masand. 5 December 2014 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Review : Action Jackson is a milestone in feminist cinema -- Rediff.com Movies . Rediff.com ( 5 December 2014 ) . Retrieved on 2015 - 09 - 21 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Movie Review : Action Jackson . Filmfare.com ( 5 December 2014 ) . Retrieved on 2015 - 09 - 21 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Film review : Action Jackson . Mumbai Mirror ( 5 December 2014 ) . Retrieved on 2015 - 09 - 21 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Action Jackson on IMDb </Li> </Ul> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Action_Jackson_(2014_film)&oldid=812728364 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> 2014 films </Li> <Li> 2010s Hindi - language films </Li> <Li> Indian films </Li> <Li> Films directed by Prabhu Deva </Li> <Li> Gun fu films </Li> <Li> Indian thriller films </Li> <Li> Gangster films </Li> <Li> Indian action thriller films </Li> <Li> Indian action comedy films </Li> <Li> Films scored by Himesh Reshammiya </Li> <Li> Indian martial arts films </Li> </Ul>

The new movie starring Ajay Devgan and Sonakshi Sinha is

New movie of ajay devgan and sonakshi sinha?

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On My Block ( tv series ) - wikipedia <H1> On My Block ( tv series ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> On My Block </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Poster </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Coming - of - age Comedy - drama </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Created by </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Lauren Iungerich </Li> <Li> Eddie Gonzalez </Li> <Li> Jeremy Haft </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Starring </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Sierra Capri </Li> <Li> Jason Genao </Li> <Li> Brett Gray </Li> <Li> Diego Tinoco </Li> <Li> Ronni Hawk </Li> <Li> Jessica Marie Garcia </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Composer ( s ) </Th> <Td> KOVAS </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Country of origin </Th> <Td> United States </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original language ( s ) </Th> <Td> English </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of seasons </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> No. of episodes </Th> <Td> 10 ( list of episodes ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Production </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Executive producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Lauren Iungerich </Li> <Li> Eddie Gonzalez </Li> <Li> Jeremy Haft </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Jamie Dooner </Li> <Li> Robert Sudduth </Li> <Li> Hal Olofsson </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Cinematography </Th> <Td> Joe Kessler </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Camera setup </Th> <Td> Single - camera </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Running time </Th> <Td> 25 -- 31 minutes </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Production company ( s ) </Th> <Td> Crazy Cat Lady Productions </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Distributor </Th> <Td> Netflix </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Release </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original network </Th> <Td> Netflix </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original release </Th> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) -- present </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> External links </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Website </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> On My Block is a coming - of - age television series , created by Lauren Iungerich , Eddie Gonzalez , and Jeremy Haft . The first season , consisting of ten episodes , was released on Netflix on March 16 , 2018 . On April 13 , 2018 , the series was renewed for a second season . </P> <P> Consisting of young black and Latino actors in what is many of their first major roles , the series stars Sierra Capri , Jason Genao , Brett Gray , Diego Tinoco , Ronni Hawk , and Jessica Marie Garcia . The series 's diverse cast , storylines , and performances were praised by critics . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Premise </Li> <Li> 2 Cast <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Main </Li> <Li> 2.2 Recurring </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Episodes </Li> <Li> 4 Reception <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Critical response </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Premise ( edit ) </H2> <P> In a rough inner - city Los Angeles neighborhood , four smart , funny and streetwise teens find their lifelong friendship tested as they begin high school . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Main ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Sierra Capri as Monse Finnie , a headstrong , bossy Afro - Latina tomboy who serves as the de facto leader of her friend group . Raised by her single father , she is star - crossed lovers with one of her best friends , Cesar . </Li> <Li> Jason Genao as Ruby Martinez , a smart - aleck math whiz of Mexican descent often serving as the group 's conscience . </Li> <Li> Brett Gray as Jamal Turner , the nerd of the group , who is African - American . In Season 1 , he is drawn into finding a hidden treasure scheme surrounding RollerWorld . </Li> <Li> Diego Tinoco as Cesar Diaz , an intelligent teen forced into gang life once his brother is released from prison , putting a strain on a blossoming relationship with him and Monse . </Li> <Li> Ronni Hawk as Olivia , a friend of Ruby 's family , they take her in after her parents get deported back to Mexico and she becomes a member of the friend group . </Li> <Li> Jessica Marie Garcia as Jasmine , a classmate of the group . </Li> </Ul> <H3> Recurring ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Julio Macias as Oscar `` Spooky '' Diaz , Cesar 's brother and leader of Santos gang . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Paula Garces as Geny Martinez , Ruby 's mother . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Kylie Samaniego as Ruby 's little sister ( the twins ) </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Julio Ladesma as Ruby 's little brother ( the twins ) </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> Jahking Guillory as Latrelle , former classmate of the group and a member of a gang rival to the Santos . </Li> <Li> Peggy Blow as Abuela , Ruby 's grandmother . </Li> <Li> Emilio Rivera as Chivo , a gardener caught up in Jamal 's hidden treasure scheme . </Li> <Li> Angela Elayne Gibbs as Rosé Westbrook , a former Soul Train dancer caught up in Jamal 's hidden treasure scheme . </Li> <Li> Lisa Marcos as Julia Whitman , a woman Monse believes is her mother . </Li> <Li> Eme Ikwuakor as Dwayne Turner , Jamal 's father . </Li> <Li> Reggie Austin as Monty Finnie , Monse 's father . </Li> <Li> Danny Ramirez as Mario Martinez , Ruby 's brother . </Li> <Li> Eric Neil Gutierrez as Mr. Martinez , Ruby 's father . </Li> <Li> Raushanah Simmons as Mrs. Turner , Jamal 's mother . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Episodes ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> No . </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Directed by </Th> <Th> Written by </Th> <Th> Original release date </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Chapter One '' </Td> <Td> Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> Jeremy Haft & Eddie Gonzalez & Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Two '' </Td> <Td> Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Three '' </Td> <Td> Steven Tsuchida </Td> <Td> Robert Sudduth </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Four '' </Td> <Td> Steven Tsuchida </Td> <Td> Eddie Gonzalez & Jeremy Haft </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 5 </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Five '' </Td> <Td> Ryan Shiraki </Td> <Td> Jamie Uyeshiro </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 6 </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Six '' </Td> <Td> Ryan Shiraki </Td> <Td> Adam Starks & Francesca Gailes </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 7 </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Seven '' </Td> <Td> Steven Tsuchida </Td> <Td> Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 8 </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Eight '' </Td> <Td> Steven Tsuchida </Td> <Td> Eddie Gonzalez & Jeremy Haft & Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 9 </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Nine '' </Td> <Td> Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> Eddie Gonzalez & Jeremy Haft </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> 10 </Th> <Td> `` Chapter Ten '' </Td> <Td> Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> Lauren Iungerich </Td> <Td> March 16 , 2018 ( 2018 - 03 - 16 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Reception ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Critical response ( edit ) </H3> <P> Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the first season an approval rating of 100 % based on 5 reviews , and a weighted average rating of 9.3 / 10 . Trey Mangum of Shadow and Act wrote , `` On My Block is different than anything we 've seen on television in relation to the experience of growing up . The stars are young people of color , dealing with real issues that happen in communities that they have to wrangle with during this pivotal time in their lives . For a lovely story about friendship and timely societal issues , along with superb youth acting , here is your next binge . '' Alexis Gunderson of Paste said , `` When the final credits hit , it 's clear that not one second of the season 's 10 short episodes was wasted : Every line was measured out , every background track meticulously calibrated , every initially jarring tonal shift set up precisely for a singular cumulative effect that lands in the season 's final moments like a punch to the chest you realize too late you should have seen coming from a mile away . '' Matt Seitz of New York Magazine wrote , `` One of the many remarkable things about this series is how it folds crime and the awareness of potential violence into everyday life , which is something white sitcoms never do unless it 's a Very Special Episode . '' </P> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` ' Awkward ' Creator to Launch Inner City High School Comedy on Netflix '' . The Hollywood Reporter . December 14 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Netflix Prepping Comedy Series From ' Awkward ' Creator Lauren Iungerich '' . Deadline . December 14 , 2017 . Retrieved February 12 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Netflix Orders Inner City High School Comedy ' On My Block ' '' . Variety . December 14 , 2017 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` ' On My Block ' Trailer : First Look At Netflix Comedy From ' Awkward ' Creator Lauren Iungerich & Premiere Date '' . Deadline . January 30 , 2018 . Retrieved February 12 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Andreeva , Nellie ( April 13 , 2018 ) . `` ' On My Block ' Renewed For Season 2 By Netflix '' . Deadline . Retrieved April 13 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` ABOUT THIS SHOW - ON MY BLOCK ( NETFLIX ) '' . The Futon Critic . Retrieved March 3 , 2018 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Liebman , Lisa . `` The Inner - City Kids Are All Right in Netflix 's Binge - Worthy On My Block '' . Retrieved 26 March 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Brett Gray Gives Us the Scoop on His Role in the Upcoming Netflix Series , `` On My Block '' `` . Retrieved 26 March 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` ' On My Block ' : Netflix 's Timely Coming - Of - Age Dramedy Has A Lot Of Heart ( Review ) '' . shadowandact.com . Retrieved 26 March 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Netflix 's On My Block Could Be the Year 's First Breakout Hit '' . Retrieved 26 March 2018 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Matt Seitz ( 19 March 2018 ) . `` On My Block Is a Remarkable Coming - of - Age Story '' . Vulture.com . New York Magazine . Retrieved 6 April 2018 . </Li> </Ol> <H2> External links ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Official website </Li> <Li> On My Block on IMDb </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Netflix original series </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Current </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Since 2013 </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> House of Cards </Li> <Li> Orange Is the New Black </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Since 2014 </Th>

The character Cesar in the show "On My Block" is played by

Who plays cesar in the show on my block?

591945965305115151

List of National Basketball Association career 3 - point scoring leaders - wikipedia <H1> List of National Basketball Association career 3 - point scoring leaders </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <P> This article provides two lists : </P> <Dl> <Dd> A list of National Basketball Association players by total career regular season three - point field goals made . </Dd> <Dd> A progressive list of three - point leaders showing how the record has increased through the years . </Dd> </Dl> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Three - point field goals made leaders </Li> <Li> 2 Progressive list of 3 - point scoring leaders </Li> <Li> 3 Notes </Li> <Li> 4 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Three - point field goals made leaders ( edit ) </H2> <P> This is a list of National Basketball Association players by total career regular - season three - point field goals made . </P> <Dl> <Dd> Statistics accurate as of January 24 , 2018 . </Dd> </Dl> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Active NBA player </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> * </Td> <Td> Inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> † </Td> <Td> Not yet eligible for Hall of Fame consideration </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> § </Td> <Td> 1st time nominee for Hall of Fame in 2018 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Rank </Th> <Th> Name </Th> <Th> Position ( s ) </Th> <Th> Team ( s ) played for ( years ) </Th> <Th> Total 3 - point field goals made </Th> <Th> Total 3 - point field goals attempted </Th> <Th> 3 - point field goal percentage </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Allen , Ray Ray Allen </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> Milwaukee Bucks ( 1996 -- 2003 ) Seattle SuperSonics ( 2003 -- 2007 ) Boston Celtics ( 2007 -- 2012 ) Miami Heat ( 2012 -- 2014 ) </Td> <Td> 2,973 </Td> <Td> 7,429 </Td> <Td> . 400 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Miller , Reggie Reggie Miller * </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> Indiana Pacers ( 1987 -- 2005 ) </Td> <Td> 2,560 </Td> <Td> 6,486 </Td> <Td> . 395 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Terry , Jason Jason Terry ^ </Td> <Td> SG / PG </Td> <Td> Atlanta Hawks ( 1999 -- 2004 ) Dallas Mavericks ( 2004 -- 2012 ) Boston Celtics ( 2012 -- 2013 ) Brooklyn Nets ( 2013 -- 2014 ) Houston Rockets ( 2014 -- 2016 ) Milwaukee Bucks ( 2016 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 2,244 </Td> <Td> 5,913 </Td> <Td> . 380 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Korver , Kyle Kyle Korver ^ </Td> <Td> SG / SF </Td> <Td> Philadelphia 76ers ( 2003 -- 2007 ) Utah Jazz ( 2007 -- 2010 ) Chicago Bulls ( 2010 -- 2012 ) Atlanta Hawks ( 2012 -- 2017 ) Cleveland Cavaliers ( 2017 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 2,154 </Td> <Td> 4,998 </Td> <Td> . 431 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Pierce , Paul Paul Pierce </Td> <Td> SF </Td> <Td> Boston Celtics ( 1999 -- 2013 ) Brooklyn Nets ( 2013 -- 2014 ) Washington Wizards ( 2014 -- 2015 ) Los Angeles Clippers ( 2015 -- 2017 ) </Td> <Td> 2,143 </Td> <Td> 5,816 </Td> <Td> . 368 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 6 </Td> <Td> Crawford , Jamal Jamal Crawford ^ </Td> <Td> SG / PG </Td> <Td> Chicago Bulls ( 2000 -- 2004 ) New York Knicks ( 2004 -- 2008 ) Golden State Warriors ( 2008 -- 2009 ) Atlanta Hawks ( 2009 -- 2011 ) Portland Trail Blazers ( 2011 -- 2012 ) Los Angeles Clippers ( 2012 -- 2017 ) Minnesota Timberwolves ( 2017 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 2,106 </Td> <Td> 6,030 </Td> <Td> . 349 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 7 </Td> <Td> Carter , Vince Vince Carter ^ </Td> <Td> SG / SF </Td> <Td> Toronto Raptors ( 1999 -- 2004 ) New Jersey Nets ( 2004 -- 2009 ) Orlando Magic ( 2009 -- 2010 ) Phoenix Suns ( 2010 -- 2011 ) Dallas Mavericks ( 2011 -- 2014 ) Memphis Grizzlies ( 2014 -- 2017 ) Sacramento Kings ( 2017 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 2,074 </Td> <Td> 5,555 </Td> <Td> . 373 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 8 </Td> <Td> Curry , Stephen Stephen Curry ^ </Td> <Td> PG </Td> <Td> Golden State Warriors ( 2009 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 2,058 </Td> <Td> 4,715 </Td> <Td> . 436 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 9 </Td> <Td> Kidd , Jason Jason Kidd </Td> <Td> PG </Td> <Td> Dallas Mavericks ( 1994 -- 1996 , 2008 -- 2012 ) Phoenix Suns ( 1996 -- 2001 ) New Jersey Nets ( 2001 -- 2008 ) New York Knicks ( 2012 -- 2013 ) </Td> <Td> 1,988 </Td> <Td> 5,701 </Td> <Td> . 349 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 10 </Td> <Td> Johnson , Joe Joe Johnson ^ </Td> <Td> SG / SF </Td> <Td> Boston Celtics ( 2001 -- 2002 ) Phoenix Suns ( 2002 -- 2005 ) Atlanta Hawks ( 2005 -- 2012 ) Brooklyn Nets ( 2012 -- 2016 ) Miami Heat ( 2016 ) Utah Jazz ( 2016 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 1,956 </Td> <Td> 5,256 </Td> <Td> . 372 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 11 </Td> <Td> Nowitzki , Dirk Dirk Nowitzki ^ </Td> <Td> PF </Td> <Td> Dallas Mavericks ( 1999 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 1,859 </Td> <Td> 4,855 </Td> <Td> . 383 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 12 </Td> <Td> Smith , J.R. J.R. Smith ^ </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> New Orleans ( / Oklahoma City ) Hornets ( 2004 -- 2006 ) Denver Nuggets ( 2006 -- 2011 ) New York Knicks ( 2011 -- 2015 ) Cleveland Cavaliers ( 2015 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 1,849 </Td> <Td> 4,969 </Td> <Td> . 372 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 13 </Td> <Td> Billups , Chauncey Chauncey Billups </Td> <Td> PG / SG </Td> <Td> Boston Celtics ( 1997 -- 1998 ) Toronto Raptors ( 1998 ) Denver Nuggets ( 19 99 , 2008 -- 2011 ) Minnesota Timberwolves ( 2000 -- 2002 ) Detroit Pistons ( 2002 -- 2008 , 2013 -- 2014 ) New York Knicks ( 2011 ) Los Angeles Clippers ( 2011 -- 2013 ) </Td> <Td> 1,830 </Td> <Td> 4,725 </Td> <Td> . 387 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 14 </Td> <Td> Bryant , Kobe Kobe Bryant </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> Los Angeles Lakers ( 1996 -- 2016 ) </Td> <Td> 1,827 </Td> <Td> 5,546 </Td> <Td> . 330 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 15 </Td> <Td> Lewis , Rashard Rashard Lewis </Td> <Td> SF / PF </Td> <Td> Seattle SuperSonics ( 1999 -- 2007 ) Orlando Magic ( 2007 -- 2010 ) Washington Wizards ( 2010 -- 2012 ) Miami Heat ( 2012 -- 2014 ) </Td> <Td> 1,787 </Td> <Td> 4,625 </Td> <Td> . 386 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 16 </Td> <Td> Stojaković , Peja Peja Stojaković </Td> <Td> SF </Td> <Td> Sacramento Kings ( 1999 -- 2006 ) Indiana Pacers ( 2006 ) New Orleans / Oklahoma City Hornets ( 2006 -- 2010 ) Toronto Raptors ( 2010 -- 2011 ) Dallas Mavericks ( 2011 ) </Td> <Td> 1,760 </Td> <Td> 4,392 </Td> <Td> . 401 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 17 </Td> <Td> Ellis , Dale Dale Ellis </Td> <Td> SF / SG </Td> <Td> Dallas Mavericks ( 1983 -- 1986 ) Seattle SuperSonics ( 1986 -- 1991 , 1997 -- 1999 ) Milwaukee Bucks ( 1991 -- 1992 , 1999 -- 2000 ) San Antonio Spurs ( 1992 -- 1994 ) Denver Nuggets ( 1994 -- 1997 ) Charlotte Hornets ( 2000 ) </Td> <Td> 1,719 </Td> <Td> 4,266 </Td> <Td> . 403 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 18 </Td> <Td> Nash , Steve Steve Nash </Td> <Td> PG </Td> <Td> Phoenix Suns ( 1996 -- 1998 , 2004 -- 2012 ) Dallas Mavericks ( 1999 -- 2004 ) Los Angeles Lakers ( 2012 -- 2014 ) </Td> <Td> 1,685 </Td> <Td> 3,939 </Td> <Td> . 428 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 19 </Td> <Td> Richardson , Jason Jason Richardson </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> Golden State Warriors ( 2001 -- 2007 ) Charlotte Bobcats ( 2007 -- 2008 ) Phoenix Suns ( 2008 -- 2010 ) Orlando Magic ( 2010 -- 2012 ) Philadelphia 76ers ( 2012 -- 2015 ) </Td> <Td> 1,608 </Td> <Td> 4,344 </Td> <Td> . 370 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 20 </Td> <Td> Miller , Mike Mike Miller ^ </Td> <Td> SF / SG </Td> <Td> Orlando Magic ( 2000 -- 2003 ) Memphis Grizzlies ( 2003 -- 2008 , 2013 -- 2014 ) Minnesota Timberwolves ( 2008 -- 2009 ) Washington Wizards ( 2009 -- 2010 ) Miami Heat ( 2010 -- 2013 ) Cleveland Cavaliers ( 2014 -- 2015 ) Denver Nuggets ( 2015 -- 2017 ) </Td> <Td> 1,590 </Td> <Td> 3,910 </Td> <Td> . 407 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 21 </Td> <Td> Rice , Glen Glen Rice </Td> <Td> SF </Td> <Td> Miami Heat ( 1989 -- 1995 ) Charlotte Hornets ( 1995 -- 1998 ) Los Angeles Lakers ( 1999 -- 2000 ) New York Knicks ( 2000 -- 2001 ) Houston Rockets ( 2001 -- 2003 ) Los Angeles Clippers ( 2003 -- 2004 ) </Td> <Td> 1,559 </Td> <Td> 3,896 </Td> <Td> . 400 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 22 </Td> <Td> James , LeBron LeBron James ^ </Td> <Td> SF </Td> <Td> Cleveland Cavaliers ( 2003 -- 2010 , 2014 -- present ) Miami Heat ( 2010 -- 2014 ) </Td> <Td> 1,548 </Td> <Td> 4,519 </Td> <Td> . 343 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 23 </Td> <Td> Jones , Eddie Eddie Jones </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> Los Angeles Lakers ( 1994 -- 1999 ) Charlotte Hornets ( 1999 -- 2000 ) Miami Heat ( 2000 -- 2005 , 2007 ) Memphis Grizzlies ( 2005 -- 2007 ) Dallas Mavericks ( 2007 -- 2008 ) </Td> <Td> 1,546 </Td> <Td> 4,147 </Td> <Td> . 373 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 24 </Td> <Td> Harden , James James Harden ^ </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> Oklahoma City Thunder ( 2009 -- 2012 ) Houston Rockets ( 2012 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 1,544 </Td> <Td> 4,210 </Td> <Td> . 367 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 25 </Td> <Td> Hardaway , Tim Tim Hardaway </Td> <Td> PG </Td> <Td> Golden State Warriors ( 1989 -- 1993 , 1994 -- 1996 ) Miami Heat ( 1996 -- 2001 ) Dallas Mavericks ( 2001 -- 2002 ) Denver Nuggets ( 2002 ) Indiana Pacers ( 2003 ) </Td> <Td> 1,542 </Td> <Td> 4,345 </Td> <Td> . 355 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 26 </Td> <Td> Van Exel , Nick Nick Van Exel </Td> <Td> PG </Td> <Td> Los Angeles Lakers ( 1993 -- 1998 ) Denver Nuggets ( 1999 -- 2002 ) Dallas Mavericks ( 2002 -- 2003 ) Golden State Warriors ( 2003 -- 2004 ) Portland Trail Blazers ( 2004 -- 2005 ) San Antonio Spurs ( 2005 -- 2006 ) </Td> <Td> 1,528 </Td> <Td> 4,278 </Td> <Td> . 357 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 27 </Td> <Td> Bibby , Mike Mike Bibby </Td> <Td> PG </Td> <Td> Vancouver Grizzlies ( 1999 -- 2001 ) Sacramento Kings ( 2001 -- 2008 ) Atlanta Hawks ( 2008 -- 2011 ) Washington Wizards ( 2011 ) Miami Heat ( 2011 ) New York Knicks ( 2011 -- 2012 ) </Td> <Td> 1,517 </Td> <Td> 3,999 </Td> <Td> . 379 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 28 </Td> <Td> Thompson , Klay Klay Thompson ^ </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> Golden State Warriors ( 2011 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 1,482 </Td> <Td> 3,514 </Td> <Td> . 422 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 29 </Td> <Td> Ginóbili , Manu Manu Ginóbili ^ </Td> <Td> SG </Td> <Td> San Antonio Spurs ( 2002 -- present ) </Td> <Td> 1,468 </Td> <Td> 3,977 </Td> <Td> . 369 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 30 </Td> <Td> Finley , Michael Michael Finley </Td> <Td> SF </Td> <Td> Phoenix Suns ( 1995 -- 1996 ) Dallas Mavericks ( 1996 -- 2005 ) San Antonio Spurs ( 2005 -- 2010 ) Boston Celtics ( 2010 )

The NBA player who has scored the most 3-pointers is

What nba player has scored the most 3 pointers?

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admired the United States Constitution , he chose to inscribe `` JULY IV MDCCLXXVI '' on the tablet , thus associating the date of the country 's Declaration of Independence with the concept of liberty . </P> <P> Bartholdi interested his friend and mentor , architect Eugène Viollet - le - Duc , in the project . As chief engineer , Viollet - le - Duc designed a brick pier within the statue , to which the skin would be anchored . After consultations with the metalwork foundry Gaget , Gauthier & Co. , Viollet - le - Duc chose the metal which would be used for the skin , copper sheets , and the method used to shape it , repoussé , in which the sheets were heated and then struck with wooden hammers . An advantage of this choice was that the entire statue would be light for its volume , as the copper need be only 0.094 inches ( 2.4 mm ) thick . Bartholdi had decided on a height of just over 151 feet ( 46 m ) for the statue , double that of Italy 's Sancarlone and the German statue of Arminius , both made with the same method . </P> <H3> Announcement and early work </H3> <P> By 1875 , France was enjoying improved political stability and a recovering postwar economy . Growing interest in the upcoming Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia led Laboulaye to decide it was time to seek public support . In September 1875 , he announced the project and the formation of the Franco - American Union as its fundraising arm . With the announcement , the statue was given a name , Liberty Enlightening the World . The French would finance the statue ; Americans would be expected to pay for the pedestal . The announcement provoked a generally favorable reaction in France , though many Frenchmen resented the United States for not coming to their aid during the war with Prussia . French monarchists opposed the statue , if for no other reason than it was proposed by the liberal Laboulaye , who had recently been elected a senator for life . Laboulaye arranged events designed to appeal to the rich and powerful , including a special performance at the Paris Opera on April 25 , 1876 , that featured a new cantata by composer Charles Gounod . The piece was titled La Liberté éclairant le monde , the French version of the statue 's announced name . </P> Stereoscopic image of right arm and torch of the Statue of Liberty , 1876 Centennial Exposition <P> Despite its initial focus on the elites , the Union was successful in raising funds from across French society . Schoolchildren and ordinary citizens gave , as did 181 French municipalities . Laboulaye 's political allies supported the call , as did descendants of the French contingent in the American Revolutionary War . Less idealistically , contributions came from those who hoped for American support in the French attempt to build the Panama Canal . The copper may have come from multiple sources and some of it is said to have come from a mine in Visnes , Norway , though this has not been conclusively determined after testing samples . According to Cara Sutherland in her book on the statue for the Museum of the City of New York , 90,800 kilos ( 200,000 pounds ) was needed to build the statue , and the French copper industrialist Eugène Secrétan donated 58,100 kilos ( 128,000 pounds ) of copper . </P> <P> Although plans for the statue had not been finalized , Bartholdi moved forward with fabrication of the right arm , bearing the torch , and the head . Work began at the Gaget , Gauthier & Co. workshop . In May 1876 , Bartholdi traveled to the United States as a member of a French delegation to the Centennial Exhibition , and arranged for a huge painting of the statue to be shown in New York as part of the Centennial festivities . The arm did not arrive in Philadelphia until August ; because of its late arrival , it was not listed in the exhibition catalogue , and while some reports correctly identified the work , others called it the `` Colossal Arm '' or `` Bartholdi Electric Light '' . The exhibition grounds contained a number of monumental artworks to compete for fairgoers ' interest , including an outsized fountain designed by Bartholdi . Nevertheless , the arm proved popular in the exhibition 's waning days , and visitors would climb up to the balcony of the torch to view the fairgrounds . After the exhibition closed , the arm was transported to New York , where it remained on display in Madison Square Park for several years before it was returned to France to join the rest of the statue . </P> <P> During his second trip to the United States , Bartholdi addressed a number of groups about the project , and urged the formation of American committees of the Franco - American Union . Committees to raise money to pay for the foundation and pedestal were formed in New York , Boston , and Philadelphia . The New York group eventually took on most of the responsibility for American fundraising and is often referred to as the `` American Committee '' . One of its members was 19 - year - old Theodore Roosevelt , the future governor of New York and president of the United States . On March 3 , 1877 , on his final full day in office , President Grant signed a joint resolution that authorized the President to accept the statue when it was presented by France and to select a site for it . President Rutherford B. Hayes , who took office the following day , selected the Bedloe 's Island site that Bartholdi had proposed . </P> <H3> Construction in France </H3> The statue 's head on exhibit at the Paris World 's Fair , 1878 <P> On his return to Paris in 1877 , Bartholdi concentrated on completing the head , which was exhibited at the 1878 Paris World 's Fair . Fundraising continued , with models of the statue put on sale . Tickets to view the construction activity at the Gaget , Gauthier & Co. workshop were also offered . The French government authorized a lottery ; among the prizes were valuable silver plate and a terracotta model of the statue . By the end of 1879 , about 250,000 francs had been raised . </P> <P> The head and arm had been built with assistance from Viollet - le - Duc , who fell ill in 1879 . He soon died , leaving no indication of how he intended to transition from the copper skin to his proposed masonry pier . The following year , Bartholdi was able to obtain the services of the innovative designer and builder Gustave Eiffel . Eiffel and his structural engineer , Maurice Koechlin , decided to abandon the pier and instead build an iron truss tower . Eiffel opted not to use a completely rigid structure , which would force stresses to accumulate in the skin and lead eventually to cracking . A secondary skeleton was attached to the center pylon , then , to enable the statue to move slightly in the winds of New York Harbor and as the metal expanded on hot summer days , he loosely connected the support structure to the skin using flat iron bars which culminated in a mesh of metal straps , known as `` saddles '' , that were riveted to the skin , providing firm support . In a labor - intensive process , each saddle had to be crafted individually . To prevent galvanic corrosion between the copper skin and the iron support structure , Eiffel insulated the skin with asbestos impregnated with shellac . </P> <P> Eiffel 's design made the statue one of the earliest examples of curtain wall construction , in which the exterior of the structure is not load bearing , but is instead supported by an interior framework . He included two interior spiral staircases , to make it easier for visitors to reach the observation point in the crown . Access to an observation platform surrounding the torch was also provided , but the narrowness of the arm allowed for only a single ladder , 40 feet ( 12 m ) long . As the pylon tower arose , Eiffel and Bartholdi coordinated their work carefully so that completed segments of skin would fit exactly on the support structure . The components of the pylon tower were built in the Eiffel factory in the nearby Parisian suburb of Levallois - Perret . </P> <P> The change in structural material from masonry to iron allowed Bartholdi to change his plans for the statue 's assembly . He had originally expected to assemble the skin on - site as the masonry pier was built ; instead he decided to build the statue in France and have it disassembled and transported to the United States for reassembly in place on Bedloe 's Island . </P> <P> In a symbolic act , the first rivet placed into the skin , fixing a copper plate onto the statue 's big toe , was driven by United States Ambassador to France Levi P. Morton . The skin was not , however , crafted in exact sequence from low to high ; work proceeded on a number of segments simultaneously in a manner often confusing to visitors . Some work was performed by contractors -- one of the fingers was made to Bartholdi 's exacting specifications by a coppersmith in the southern French town of Montauban . By 1882 , the statue was complete up to the waist , an event Barthodi celebrated by inviting reporters to lunch on a platform built within the statue . Laboulaye died in 1883 . He was succeeded as chairman of the French committee by Ferdinand de Lesseps , builder of the Suez Canal . The completed statue was formally presented to Ambassador Morton at a ceremony in Paris on July 4 , 1884 , and de Lesseps announced that the French government had agreed to pay for its transport to New York . The statue remained intact in Paris pending sufficient progress on the pedestal ; by January 1885 , this had occurred and the statue was disassembled and crated for its ocean voyage . </P> Richard Morris Hunt 's pedestal under construction in June 1885 <P> The committees in the United States faced great difficulties in obtaining funds for the construction of the pedestal . The Panic of 1873 had led to an economic depression that persisted through much of the decade . The Liberty statue project was not the only such undertaking that had difficulty raising money : construction of the obelisk later known as the Washington Monument sometimes stalled for years ; it would ultimately take over three - and - a-half decades to complete . There was criticism both of Bartholdi 's statue and of the fact that the gift required Americans to foot the bill for the pedestal . In the years following the Civil War , most Americans preferred realistic artworks depicting heroes and events from the nation 's history , rather than allegorical works like the Liberty statue . There was also a feeling that Americans should design American public works -- the selection of Italian - born Constantino Brumidi to decorate the Capitol had provoked intense criticism , even though he was a naturalized U.S. citizen . Harper 's Weekly declared its wish that `` M. Bartholdi and our French cousins had ' gone the whole figure ' while they were about it , and given us statue and pedestal at once . '' The New York Times stated that `` no true patriot can countenance any such expenditures for bronze females in the present state of our finances . '' Faced with these criticisms , the American committees took little action for several years . </P> Design Frank Leslie

The Statue of Liberty was built in

When was the statue of liberty in france built?

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I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead - wikipedia <H1> I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <P> I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead may refer to : </P> <Ul> <Li> `` I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead '' , a song from Warren Zevon <Ul> <Li> I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead ( An Anthology ) , a Warren Zevon compilation album </Li> <Li> I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead : The Dirty Life and Times of Warren Zevon , a biography of Warren Zevon </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> `` I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead '' ( Bon Jovi song ) </Li> <Li> I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead ( film ) , a 2003 British crime drama </Li> <Li> I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead ( 2016 film ) , a 2016 documentary about American DJ Steve Aoki </Li> </Ul> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> `` Sleep When I 'm Dead '' , a 2008 song by The Cure </Li> <Li> `` I Can Sleep When I 'm Dead '' , a 2008 song by Jason Michael Carroll </Li> <Li> I 'll Sleep When You 're Dead , a 2007 album by El - P </Li> </Ul> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Disambiguation page providing links to articles with similar titles This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title I 'll Sleep When I 'm Dead . If an internal link led you here , you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article . </Td> </Tr> </Table> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%27ll_Sleep_When_I%27m_Dead&oldid=810466269 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Disambiguation pages </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Disambiguation pages with short description </Li> <Li> All article disambiguation pages </Li> <Li> All disambiguation pages </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Italiano </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 15 November 2017 , at 12 : 29 . </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

The song "I'll Sleep When I'm Dead" is sung by

Who sings i'll sleep when i'm dead?

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art and science ' in perpetuity . </P> <P> The Central Technical College building was designed by Alfred Waterhouse , better known as the architect of the Natural History Museum . Located adjacent to the Central Institute on the site were the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science . </P> <P> In 1907 , the latter two colleges were incorporated by Royal Charter into the Imperial College of Science and Technology and the CGLI Central Technical College was renamed the City and Guilds College in 1907 , but not incorporated into Imperial College until 1910 . </P> <P> Although the City & Guilds College was for much of its life governed through Imperial College , the City and Guilds Institute , together with a number of livery companies in their own right , maintained seats on the governing body ( the Court ) of Imperial College until its reorganisation in 2002 . In 2002 , under Imperial College 's new faculty structure , City & Guilds College , along with the other constituent colleges , ceased to exist as a separate entity . In September 2013 the Mechanical and Aeronautical engineering building at Imperial College was renamed City and Guilds Building to acknowledge the historical legacy . Its name also survives however in the City & Guilds College Union ( CGCU ) -- the student union for the Imperial College Faculty of Engineering and the Imperial College Business School -- and in the City & Guilds College Association ( CGCA ) . </P> <P> Alumni of the CGLI Central Technical College , the City & Guilds College and the new Imperial College Faculty of Engineering , unite under the City & Guilds College Association . Established in 1897 as the Old Centralians , the Association adopted its current name in 1992 . </P> <P> The Links Club is a club for students and alumni of the Faculty of Engineering , Imperial College , formerly The City and Guilds College . Members are elected on the basis of good sportsmanship and meet each Thursday in South Kensington . </P> Headquarters of City & Guilds <H3> CGLI examination and accreditation bodies ( edit ) </H3> <P> In 1953 the Associated Examinations Board ( AEB ) was established and administered by City & Guilds . </P> <P> 1964 saw the creation of the National Examining Board for Supervisory Management ( NEBSM ) as part of the City & Guilds group , specialising in qualifications for supervisors and junior managers . </P> <P> In 1973 , the Technician Education Council ( TEC ) was created to unify technical education , eventually taking over the validation of courses in further and higher education . These courses led to Ordinary National Certificates and Diplomas ( ONC / Ds ) and Higher National Certificates and Diplomas ( HNC / Ds ) , which were previously the responsibility of professional bodies . </P> <P> In 1974 , the Business Education Council ( BEC ) was established , again administered by City & Guilds . This had a remit to rationalise and improve the relevance of sub-degree vocational education in Further Education and Higher Education colleges and in Polytechnics . Within 18 months , BEC took over responsibility for non-technical ONCs , ONDs , HNCs , HNDs and other qualifications . </P> <P> BEC merged with TEC in 1984 to form the separately administered Business & Technology Education Council ( BTEC ) . This then merged with the University of London Examinations & Assessment Council ( ULEAC ) in 1996 to form Edexcel . </P> <P> In 1990 City & Guilds purchased the Pitman Examinations Institute , and Pitman Qualifications Single Subject awards in business and administration and English language proved to be successful worldwide . </P> <P> In 2002 , the Institute of Leadership & Management ( ILM ) was formed through the merger of NEBSM and the Institute of Supervisory Management ( ISM ) and became part of the City & Guilds Group . </P> <P> In 2004 , the National Proficiency Tests Council ( NPTC ) -- specialists for agricultural land based qualifications -- became part of the City & Guilds Group . </P> <P> In 2005 , the Hospitality Awarding Body ( HAB ) -- specialists in awards for hospitality and catering -- became part of the City & Guilds Group . In January 2010 , all active candidates were transferred to City & Guilds courses to remove duplicate award provision across the Group . </P> <P> In 2008 , the City & Guilds Centre for Skills Development was formed as part of the City & Guilds Group . Its mission is to influence and improve skills policy and practice worldwide through an evidence - based approach . </P> <H2> Charitable purpose ( edit ) </H2> <P> The charitable aims of the City and Guilds of London Institute are : </P> <P> `` Providing internationally recognised qualifications , awards , assessments and support for individuals and organisations in the United Kingdom and overseas across a wide range of occupations in industry , commerce , the public services and elsewhere . '' </P> <P> The charitable objects of the Institute , as defined in its royal charter , are : </P> <P> `` For the purposes of all such branches of science and the fine arts and for the advancement , dissemination , propagation , promotion , culture and application of all such branches of science and the fine arts as benefit or are of use to or may benefit or be of use to productive and technical industries especially and to commerce and industry generally or any branch thereof . '' </P> <H2> Qualifications ( edit ) </H2> <P> City & Guilds is an awarding body offering a large number of accredited qualifications mapped onto the Regulated Qualifications Framework ( RQF ) , Credit and Qualifications Framework for Wales ( CQFW ) and Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework ( SCQF ) . As of November 2016 , City & Guilds offers 2312 different regulated qualifications , more than any other awarding body . These cover entry level to level 7 on the RQF , with most qualifications falling in the entry level to level 3 range . </P> <Ul> <Li> Entry - level qualifications are the basics , for beginners . </Li> <Li> Level 1 qualifications are introductory awards , covering basic tasks and knowledge . </Li> <Li> Level 2 is slightly more advanced , needing some knowledge of the subject area . </Li> <Li> Level 3 qualifications cover more complex tasks and also start the development of supervisory skills . In many professions , level 3 is the benchmark to be considered competent . </Li> </Ul> <P> The range of vocational qualifications covers areas such as engineering technician , arts and craft , tradesman , health and social care , hairdressing , automotive maintenance , construction , and catering , but also more obscure subjects such as sheep shearing , DJing , flower arranging and even door supervision ( bouncer ) . </P> <H3> National vocational qualifications ( edit ) </H3> <P> The qualifications available include National Vocational Qualifications ( NVQs ) , most of which are offered at level 2 or 3 , although City & Guilds offers NVQs up to Level 7 . With 229 NVQs on the Register of Regulated Qualifications ( as of November 2016 ) , City & Guilds offers more different NVQs than any other organisation . </P> <H3> TechBac ( edit ) </H3> <P> City & Guilds launched the TechBac in 2014 . This is a baccalaureate - style qualification aimed at 16 -- 19 - year - old and taking in qualifications in technical skills and workplace skills . It is available at level 2 and level 3 , with the level 3 awards attracting UCAS points that can count towards admission to university or college courses . The TechBac can be studied in eleven subjects : </P> <Ul> <Li> Engineering </Li> <Li> Construction </Li> <Li> Health & care </Li> <Li> Childcare </Li> <Li> Automotive </Li> <Li> Land </Li> <Li> Hospitality & catering </Li> <Li> Business </Li> <Li> Hair & beauty </Li> <Li> Travel & tourism </Li> <Li> Building services . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Higher level qualifications ( edit ) </H2> <P> City & Guilds offers higher level qualifications in a wide range of subjects ranging from Professional Engineering , Engineering Technology , Management , Building Services Engineering to various levels of apprenticeships , for higher technicians , tradesman , Craft , Travel and Tourism . </P> <P> These qualifications consist of outcomes competencies based units , covering core , specialised , and key technical and management areas , which are assessed by means of examinations and written assignment . </P> <H3> Higher professional Diploma ( edit ) </H3> <P> Higher Professional Diplomas ( HPD ) were a suite of awards at level 4 of the RQF for people who want to gain advanced technical skills and broader management knowledge . As of February 2017 most have been discontinued and while the Higher Professional Diploma in Sport and Recreation Management is still running , it is no longer open to new learners . </P> <H3> Master professional Diploma ( edit ) </H3> <P> The Master Professional Diploma ( MPD ) was a level 7 award suitable for those working at the higher levels in a relevant industry . It is no longer awarded . </P> <H3> Professional Recognition awards ( edit ) </H3> <P> The City and Guilds Awards for Professional Recognition are accredited awards offered at levels 4 ( academic first - year undergraduate or certificate of higher education level ) to 7 ( academic Master 's degree or postgraduate certificate or diploma level ) of the Regulated Qualifications Framework , corresponding to the Licentiateship ( LCGI ) , Affiliateship ( AfCGI ) , Graduateship ( GCGI ) and Membership ( MCGI ) of the Institute . </P> <P> According to City and Guilds , the characteristics of someone gaining a Professional Recognition Award are : </P> <P> Licentiateship ( LCGI ) : `` A level 4 Professional Recognition Award ( Licentiateship ) candidate would typically : </P> <Ul> <Li> have first line responsibility for managing day to day activities </Li> <Li> manage resources in own area of responsibility </Li> <Li> constructively work with others to develop and maintain good working relationships </Li> <Li> develop and maintain good customer relationships </Li> <Li> identify and access opportunities for professional development </Li> <Li> be able to apply professional standards in own area of responsibility </Li> <Li> communicate effectively and manage information in line with organisational and legal requirements </Li> <Li> consistently meet aims and objectives </Li> <Li> exercise autonomy and judgement in work role </Li> <Li> consider the views and perspectives of others in decision making </Li> <Li> address problems that are well - defined but non-routine '' </Li> </Ul> <P> Affiliateship ( AfCGI ) : `` A level 5 Professional Recognition Award ( Affiliateship ) candidate would typically : </P> <Ul> <Li> have line management responsibilities </Li> <Li> anticipate , plan and lead change </Li> <Li> manage resources </Li> <Li> constructively work with others to develop and maintain good working relationships </Li> <Li> set direction and inspire others to work together to achieve challenging outcomes </Li> <Li> generate creative ideas to inform best practice and continual improvement </Li> <Li> monitor compliance with professional standards * </Li> <Li> implement an effective communication strategy </Li> <Li> develop and maintain good customer relationships to support the customer focussed culture of the organisation </Li> <Li> analyse , identify and access professional development </Li> <Li> address problems that are well - defined but complex and non-routine </Li> <Li> exercising autonomy and judgement in decision making which takes into account the views and perspectives of others '' </Li> </Ul> <P> Graduateship ( GCGI ) : `` A level 6 Professional Recognition Award ( Graduateship ) candidate would typically : </P> <Ul> <Li> have senior management responsibilities </Li> <Li> take responsibility for achieving organisational objectives </Li> <Li> take responsibility for managing a programme of substantial change or development </Li> <Li> identify and manage resources to meet organisational objectives </Li> <Li> take responsibility for motivating , delegating and

A City and Guilds qualification can be at any level from

What level is a city and guilds qualification?

-8306492276515645379

Crowne Plaza - wikipedia <H1> Crowne Plaza </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> Crowne Plaza Hotels & Resorts <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Td> Upscale Hotels & Resorts </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Industry </Th> <Td> Hotel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Founded </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Headquarters </Th> <Td> Denham , United Kingdom </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Number of locations </Th> <Td> 410 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Area served </Th> <Td> Worldwide </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Parent </Th> <Td> InterContinental Hotels Group </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Website </Th> <Td> Crown Plaza </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Crowne Plaza is a multinational chain of full service , upscale hotels catering to business travelers and to the meetings and conventions market . It forms part of the InterContinental Hotels Group family of brands , which include InterContinental Hotels & Resorts and Holiday Inn Hotels & Resorts , and operates in 52 countries with more than 400 hotels , usually located in city centers , resorts , coastal towns or near major airports . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History </Li> <Li> 2 Notable properties </Li> <Li> 3 Sponsorship </Li> <Li> 4 Gallery </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> Crowne Plaza in Kochi , India A room at Crowne Plaza London Docklands <P> Originally branded as `` Holiday Inn Crowne Plaza '' , the first United States Holiday Inn Crowne Plaza Hotel was opened in Rockville , Maryland , in 1983 . Within a couple of years the brand was spun off as an independent chain ( still owned at the time by Holiday Inn ) . The first Crowne Plaza Resort opened in Madeira , Portugal , in 1999 . </P> <P> Today , the brand represents 410 hotels globally in 52 countries with 112,317 rooms ( as of March 2016 ) and an expanding 81 hotels in the pipeline . In 1990 , the InterContinental Hotels Group purchased the Holiday Inn family ; today its portfolio includes the luxury brand InterContinental Hotels & Resorts , the upscale boutique brand Hotel Indigo , the upscale extended stay brand Staybridge Suites , the midscale extended stay brand Candlewood Suites , the midscale , full service brand Holiday Inn Hotels & Resorts , Holiday Inn Club Vacations , EVEN Hotels , HUALUXE Hotels & Resorts , and the midscale limited service brand Holiday Inn Express . </P> <H2> Notable properties ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> The Crowne Plaza Liverpool John Lennon Airport is the former terminal building of Liverpool Speke Airport , constructed in the 1930s and used until 1986 . Its notable art deco features led to its listing as a heritage building , and subsequent conversion to a hotel . </Li> <Li> The Crowne Plaza Copenhagen Towers is the first hotel in Denmark to generate all of its power from renewable sources , including solar panels and geothermal heating and cooling pumps . Its stationary bicycles are connected to generators , which provide electricity to the hotel . </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Belgrade , renovated 2012 -- 13 , is the biggest Crowne Plaza hotel in Europe . </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Hong Kong Causeway Bay opened in 2009 and is the first Crowne Plaza in Hong Kong . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Sponsorship ( edit ) </H2> <P> Crowne Plaza Hotels & Resorts is the title sponsor of the Crowne Plaza Invitational at Colonial - a PGA Tour golf tournament held annually in Fort Worth , Texas . Starting in 2012 , they are also officially sponsoring PGA Tour 's 2010 's Rookie of the Year , Rickie Fowler . </P> <P> Crowne Plaza Hotels & Resorts have been the sponsor of the British FIA World Touring Car Championship driver Andy Priaulx , a multiple touring car champion , since 2006 . They now continue to support him in the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters ( DTM ) , a popular European touring car championship , as an official sponsor of BMW Motorsport along with the American LeMans Series ( ALMS ) where Californian Joey Hand represents the brand for both series . </P> <H2> Gallery ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> <P> Crowne Plaza Bangkok Lumpini Park , Bangkok , Thailand . </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Hamilton Crowne Plaza , Washington , D.C. </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Edmonton , Alberta , Canada </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Shanghai , Jiading , China </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Prague , Czech Republic </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Nuevo Laredo , Mexico </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Torreón , Mexico </P> </Li> <Li> <P> İzmir , Turkey </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Bratislava , Slovakia </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Kansas City , Missouri , USA </P> </Li> <Li> <P> New York City , New York , USA </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Huizhou , China </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Kochi , India </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Crowne Plaza Belgrade , Serbia </P> </Li> <Li> <P> Newton , Massachusetts , USA </P> </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` InterContinental Hotels Group - About our brands - Crowne Plaza Hotels & Resorts '' . InterContinental Hotels Group ( IHG ) . 2013 - 03 - 29 . Retrieved 2013 - 03 - 29 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ http://www.businesstraveller.asia/asia-pacific/news/crowne-plaza-arrives-in-hongkong-via-causeway-bay </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Nomination of Rickie Fowler as Rookie of the Year 2010 on '' . Pgatour.com. 2010 - 12 - 05 . Retrieved 2012 - 06 - 23 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Official partnerships of Crowne Plaza Hotels & Resorts '' . Ichotelsgroup.com . Retrieved 2012 - 06 - 23 . </Li> </Ol> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Wikimedia Commons has media related to Crowne Plaza . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="3"> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> InterContinental Hotels Group </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Brands </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Current </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> avid </Li> <Li> Candlewood Suites </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza </Li> <Li> Even Hotels </Li> <Li> Holiday Inn </Li> <Li> Holiday Inn Express </Li> <Li> Holiday Inn Garden Court </Li> <Li> Hotel Indigo </Li> <Li> HUALUXE Hotels & Resorts </Li> <Li> IHG Army Hotels </Li> <Li> InterContinental </Li> <Li> Kimpton Hotels & Restaurants </Li> <Li> Staybridge Suites </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Former </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Holiday Inn Sunspree Resorts </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Notable hotels </Th> <Td> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Crowne Plaza </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Crowne Plaza Beirut </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Belgrade </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Billings </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Christchurch ( former ) </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Christchurch ( current ) </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza İzmir </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Liverpool John Lennon Airport </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Niagara Falls -- Fallsview </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza San Antonio </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Shanghai Anting Golf </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Times Square New York </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> InterContinental </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> InterContinental Amstel Amsterdam </Li> <Li> InterContinental Bali </Li> <Li> InterContinental Boston </Li> <Li> InterContinental Bucharest </Li> <Li> InterContinental Carlton Cannes </Li> <Li> InterContinental Dhaka </Li> <Li> InterContinental Dublin </Li> <Li> InterContinental Geneva </Li> <Li> InterContinental Hanoi Landmark 72 </Li> <Li> InterContinental Hong Kong </Li> <Li> InterContinental Kabul </Li> <Li> InterContinental Kuwait Downtown </Li> <Li> InterContinental Kyiv </Li> <Li> InterContinental London Park Lane </Li> <Li> InterContinental Miami </Li> <Li> InterContinental New York Barclay </Li> <Li> InterContinental Nha Trang </Li> <Li> InterContinental Paris Le Grand </Li> <Li> InterContinental Phnom Penh </Li> <Li> Hotel Ponce Intercontinental </Li> <Li> InterContinental San Francisco </Li> <Li> InterContinental Mark Hopkins San Francisco </Li> <Li> Shimao Wonderland Intercontinental </Li> <Li> InterContinental Toronto Centre </Li> <Li> InterContinental Warsaw </Li> <Li> Willard InterContinental Washington </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> People </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Patrick Cescau </Li> <Li> Andy Cosslett </Li> <Li> Ian Prosser </Li> <Li> Richard Solomons </Li> <Li> Juan Trippe </Li> <Li> Kemmons Wilson </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Other </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Crowne Plaza Copenhagen Challenge </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza Invitational at Colonial </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="3"> <Ul> <Li> Category </Li> <Li> Commons </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> Hotel chains </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Accor </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Adagio </Li> <Li> Fairmont Hotels </Li> <Li> Formule 1 / F1 / Formula 1 </Li> <Li> Ibis <Ul> <Li> Budget </Li> <Li> Styles </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Mama Shelter </Li> <Li> Mercure / Grand Mercure </Li> <Li> MGallery </Li> <Li> Novotel <Ul> <Li> Suite Novotel </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Pullman </Li> <Li> Raffles </Li> <Li> The Sebel </Li> <Li> Sofitel </Li> <Li> Swissotel </Li> <Li> Thalassa sea & spa </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> BTG Homeinns </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Fairyland Hotel </Li> <Li> Home Inn </Li> <Li> Jianguo </Li> <Li> Jinglun </Li> <Li> Motel 168 </Li> <Li> Nanyuan </Li> <Li> Yitel </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Carlson Rezidor </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Country Inns & Suites </Li> <Li> Park Inn </Li> <Li> Park Plaza </Li> <Li> Quorvus Collection </Li> <Li> Radisson </Li> <Li> Radisson Blu </Li> <Li> Radisson Red </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Choice Hotels </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Ascend Collection </Li> <Li> Cambria Hotels & Suites </Li> <Li> Clarion </Li> <Li> Comfort Inn </Li> <Li> Comfort Suites </Li> <Li> Econo Lodge </Li> <Li> MainStay Suites </Li> <Li> Quality Inn </Li> <Li> Rodeway Inn </Li> <Li> Sleep Inn </Li> <Li> Suburban Extended Stay Hotel </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hilton </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Canopy by Hilton </Li> <Li> Conrad Hotels </Li> <Li> Curio collection </Li> <Li> DoubleTree </Li> <Li> Embassy Suites </Li> <Li> Hampton by Hilton </Li> <Li> Hilton Garden Inn </Li> <Li> Hilton Grand Vacations </Li> <Li> Hilton Hotels & Resorts </Li> <Li> Home2 Suites </Li> <Li> Homewood Suites </Li> <Li> Tru by Hilton </Li> <Li> Waldorf Astoria </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hospitality International </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Downtowner Inns </Li> <Li> Master Host Inns </Li> <Li> Passport Inns </Li> <Li> Red Carpet Inn </Li> <Li> Scottish Inns </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Hyatt </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Andaz </Li> <Li> Grand Hyatt </Li> <Li> Hyatt </Li> <Li> Hyatt Centric </Li> <Li> Hyatt House </Li> <Li> Hyatt Place </Li> <Li> Hyatt Regency </Li> <Li> Hyatt Zilara / Hyatt Ziva </Li> <Li> Park Hyatt </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> InterContinental </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Candlewood Suites </Li> <Li> Crowne Plaza </Li> <Li> Even Hotels </Li> <Li> Holiday Inn </Li> <Li> Holiday Inn Express </Li> <Li> Hotel Indigo </Li> <Li> InterContinental </Li> <Li> Kimpton Hotels </Li> <Li> Staybridge Suites </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Jinjiang </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> 7 Days Inn </Li> <Li> Bestay </Li> <Li> Goldmet Inn </Li> <Li> Jin Jiang Hotels </Li> <Li> Jinjiang Inn </Li> <Li> Louvre Hotels </Li> <Li> Metropolo </Li> <Li> Vienna </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Marriott </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> AC Hotels </Li> <Li> Aloft Hotels </Li> <Li> Autograph Collection </Li> <Li> Bulgari Hotels & Resorts </Li> <Li> Courtyard </Li> <Li> Delta Hotels </Li> <Li> Design Hotels </Li> <Li> EDITION Hotels </Li> <Li> Element by Westin </Li> <Li> ExecuStay </Li> <Li> Fairfield Inn </Li> <Li> Four Points </Li> <Li> Gaylord Hotels </Li> <Li> Grand Residences </Li> <Li> JW Marriott </Li> <Li> Le Méridien </Li> <Li> The Luxury Collection </Li> <Li> Marriott Conference Centers </Li> <Li> Marriott Executive Apartments </Li> <Li> Marriott Golf </Li> <Li> Marriott Hotels & Resorts </Li> <Li> Marriott Vacation Club </Li> <Li> Moxy Hotels </Li> <Li> Protea Hotels </Li> <Li> Renaissance Hotels </Li> <Li> Residence Inn </Li> <Li> Ritz - Carlton </Li> <Li> Ritz - Carlton Destination Club </Li> <Li> St. Regis </Li> <Li> Sheraton </Li> <Li> SpringHill Suites </Li> <Li> TownePlace Suites </Li> <Li> Tribute Portfolio </Li> <Li> W Hotels </Li> <Li> Westin </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Okura Nikko </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Hotel JAL </Li> <Li> Nikko </Li> <Li> Okura </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Pan Pacific </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Pan Pacific </Li> <Li> Parkroyal </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Red Lion </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> 3 Palms Hotels & Resorts </Li> <Li> America 's Best Inns </Li>

The Crown Plaza Hotel in Chicago, Illinois is owned by

Who owns the crown plaza hotel in chicago illinois?

-2531986732227033629

Intermountain West - wikipedia <H1> Intermountain West </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For other uses , see Intermountain ( disambiguation ) . <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( July 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> Intermountain West Western United States <P> The Intermountain West , or Intermountain Region , is a geographic and geological region of the Western United States . It is located between the front ranges of the Rocky Mountains on the east and the Cascade Range and Sierra Nevada on the west . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Topography </Li> <Li> 2 Climate </Li> <Li> 3 Natural history </Li> <Li> 4 Demographics and sociology </Li> <Li> 5 Intermountain states </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Topography ( edit ) </H2> <P> The Intermountain West has a basin and range and plateau topography . Some of the region 's rivers reach the Pacific Ocean , such as the Columbia River and Colorado River . Other regional rivers and streams are in endorheic basins and can not reach the sea , such as the Walker River and Owens River . These flow into brackish or seasonally dry lakes or desert sinks . Portions of this region include : </P> <Ul> <Li> Basin and Range Province </Li> <Li> Colorado Plateau </Li> <Li> Great Basin </Li> <Li> Intermontane Plateaus </Li> </Ul> <H2> Climate ( edit ) </H2> <P> The climate of the Intermountain Region is affected by location and elevation . The sub-regions are in rain shadows from the Cascade or Sierra Nevada ranges that block precipitation from Pacific storms . The winter weather depends on latitude . In the southern portion , winters are shorter , warmer and have less winter precipitation and snow . In the northern portion , winters are cold and moist . All areas have hot summers . North American Monsoon storms can occur in the region during the mid-summer , coming northeast from the Pacific Ocean and Mexican Plateau . </P> <H2> Natural history ( edit ) </H2> <P> The flora at lower elevations includes deserts and xeric shrublands and temperate grasslands and shrublands biome vegetation . Higher elevation montane habitats include temperate coniferous forests biome vegetation , including groves and forests of various species of pine , cedar , juniper , aspen , and other trees , and understory shrubs , and perennials . Intermountain West ecoregions include : </P> <Ul> <Li> Central Basin and Range ecoregion -- North American Deserts ; Level III ecoregion ( EPA ) </Li> <Li> Columbia Plateau ( ecoregion ) -- Temperate grasslands , savannas , and shrublands biome ( WWF ) </Li> <Li> Eastern Cascades Slopes and Foothills ( ecoregion ) -- Northwestern Forested Mountains ; Level III ecoregion ( EPA ) </Li> <Li> Great Basin shrub steppe -- Deserts and xeric shrublands biome ( WWF ) </Li> <Li> Great Basin montane forests -- Temperate coniferous forest biome ( WWF ) </Li> <Li> Northern Basin and Range ecoregion -- North American Deserts ; Level III ecoregion ( EPA ) </Li> <Li> Palouse grasslands ecoregion -- Temperate grasslands , savannas , and shrublands biome ( WWF ) </Li> <Li> Snake River Plain ( ecoregion ) -- North American Deserts ; Level III ecoregion ( EPA ) ' </Li> <Li> Wasatch and Uinta montane forests ecoregion -- Temperate coniferous forest biome ( WWF ) </Li> </Ul> <P> Some sections are agriculturally cultivated with water diversions for irrigation systems . Cattle ranching is practiced in the region as well . Cultivated crops include corn , potatoes , sugar beets , grass hay , and alfalfa , the latter two crops are used for livestock feed . </P> <H2> Demographics and sociology ( edit ) </H2> <P> For thousands of years the Intermountain West has been the homeland for many Native American cultures , tribes , and bands . The 18th - century fur trade ( northern areas ) , and 19th - century westward expansion of the United States brought irreversible cultural changes . The completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad through the region accelerated non-native settlements and development . </P> <P> Historically , the Intermountain West area centered in Utah is associated with Latter - day Saint ( Mormon ) settlements , and the region has the highest percentage of LDS members in the United States currently . That region is also known as the Mormon Corridor . </P> <P> Because of its low population density and diverse economy , the survivalist writers James Wesley Rawles and Joel Skousen both recommend the region as a preferred locale for `` strategic relocation '' and for building survival retreats , thus referring to it as the American Redoubt . </P> <H2> Intermountain States ( edit ) </H2> <P> The intermountain states are generally considered to be Nevada , Utah , Idaho south of the Salmon River , Arizona north of the Mogollon Rim , and western Colorado and northwestern New Mexico west of the Rocky Mountains . The intermountain states are so named from having all or portions between the Rockies , Sierras , and Cascades . The intermountain states are included among states classified as the Mountain States . </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Western United States </Li> <Li> Index : Regions of the Western United States </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ Kilpinen , Jon T. `` Latter - Day Saints as a Percentage of all Residence , 2000 '' . American Ethnic Geography . Valparaiso University . Archived from the original on 2006 - 01 - 10 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ SurvivalBlog.com </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : About Joel Skousen Archived 2007 - 12 - 21 at the Wayback Machine . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Blake , Reed ( 2002 ) . The Intermountain West : A Story of Place and People . Pearson Custom Publishing . ISBN 0 - 536 - 66915 - 5 . </Li> </Ol> <P> Coordinates : 40 ° N 115 ° W  /  40 ° N 115 ° W  / 40 ; - 115 </P> Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intermountain_West&oldid=810366889 '' Categories : <Ul> <Li> Regions of the Western United States </Li> <Li> Regions of the United States </Li> </Ul> Hidden categories : <Ul> <Li> Webarchive template wayback links </Li> <Li> Articles needing additional references from July 2013 </Li> <Li> All articles needing additional references </Li> <Li> Coordinates on Wikidata </Li> </Ul> <H2> </H2> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Talk </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> Contents </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <H3> </H3> <Ul> <Li> Português </Li> </Ul> Edit links <Ul> <Li> This page was last edited on 14 November 2017 , at 20 : 48 . </Li> <Li> Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> About Wikipedia </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul>

The Intermountain Region is located on a map

Where is the intermountain region located on a map?

6680511654068483210

A Doll 's House - wikipedia <H1> A Doll 's House </H1> Jump to : navigation , search `` Dr. Rank '' redirects here . For the Austrian psychoanalyst , see Otto Rank . For other uses , see A Doll 's House ( disambiguation ) . <P> </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> A Doll 's House </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Original manuscript cover page , 1879 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Written by </Th> <Td> Henrik Ibsen </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Characters </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Nora </Li> <Li> Torvald Helmer </Li> <Li> Krogstad </Li> <Li> Mrs. Linde </Li> <Li> Dr. Rank </Li> <Li> Children </Li> <Li> Anne - Marie </Li> <Li> Helene </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Date premiered </Th> <Td> 21 December 1879 ( 1879 - 12 - 21 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Place premiered </Th> <Td> Royal Theatre in Copenhagen , Denmark </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Original language </Th> <Td> Danish </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Subject </Th> <Td> The awakening of a middle - class wife and mother . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> Naturalistic / realistic problem play Modern tragedy </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Setting </Th> <Td> The home of the Helmer family in an unspecified Norwegian town or city , circa 1879 . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> A Doll 's House ( Bokmål : Et dukkehjem ; also translated as A Doll House ) is a three - act play written by Norway 's Henrik Ibsen . It premiered at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen , Denmark , on 21 December 1879 , having been published earlier that month . The play is set in a Norwegian town circa 1879 . </P> <P> The play is significant for the way it deals with the fate of a married woman , who at the time in Norway lacked reasonable opportunities for self - fulfillment in a male - dominated world . It aroused a great sensation at the time , and caused a `` storm of outraged controversy '' that went beyond the theatre to the world newspapers and society . </P> <P> In 2006 , the centennial of Ibsen 's death , A Doll 's House held the distinction of being the world 's most performed play that year . UNESCO has inscribed Ibsen 's autographed manuscripts of A Doll 's House on the Memory of the World Register in 2001 , in recognition of their historical value . </P> <P> The title of the play is most commonly translated as A Doll 's House , though some scholars use A Doll House . John Simon says that A Doll 's House is `` the British term for what we call a ' dollhouse ' '' . Egil Törnqvist says of the alternative title : `` Rather than being superior to the traditional rendering , it simply sounds more idiomatic to Americans . '' </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 List of characters </Li> <Li> 2 Synopsis <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Act One </Li> <Li> 2.2 Act Two </Li> <Li> 2.3 Act Three </Li> <Li> 2.4 Alternative ending </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 Composition and publication <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Real - life inspiration </Li> <Li> 3.2 Composition </Li> <Li> 3.3 Publication </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Production history </Li> <Li> 5 Analysis and criticism </Li> <Li> 6 Adaptations <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Film </Li> <Li> 6.2 Television </Li> <Li> 6.3 Radio </Li> <Li> 6.4 Re-staging </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 References </Li> <Li> 8 Sources </Li> <Li> 9 Further reading </Li> <Li> 10 External links </Li> </Ul> <H2> List of characters ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Nora Helmer -- wife of Torvald , mother of three , is living out the ideal of the 19th - century wife , but leaves her family at the end of the play . </Li> <Li> Torvald Helmer -- Nora 's husband , a newly promoted bank manager , professes to be enamoured of his wife but their marriage stifles her . </Li> <Li> Dr. Rank -- a rich family friend , he is secretly in love with Nora . He is terminally ill , and it is implied that his `` tuberculosis of the spine '' originates from a venereal disease contracted by his father . </Li> <Li> Kristine Linde -- Nora 's old school friend , widowed , is seeking employment ( sometimes spelled Christine in English translations ) . She was in a relationship with Krogstad prior to the play 's setting . </Li> <Li> Nils Krogstad -- an employee at Torvald 's bank , single father , he is pushed to desperation . A supposed scoundrel , he is revealed to be a long - lost lover of Christine . </Li> <Li> The Children -- Nora and Torvald 's children : Ivar , Bobby and Emmy ( in order of age ) . </Li> <Li> Anne Marie -- Nora 's former nanny , who gave up her own daughter to `` strangers '' when she became , as she says , the only mother Nora knew . She now cares for Nora 's children . </Li> <Li> Helen -- the Helmers ' maid </Li> <Li> The Porter -- delivers a Christmas tree to the Helmer household at the beginning of the play . </Li> </Ul> <H2> Synopsis ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Act one ( edit ) </H3> <P> The play opens at Christmas time as Nora Helmer enters her home carrying many packages . Nora 's husband Torvald is working in his study when she arrives . He playfully rebukes her for spending so much money on Christmas gifts , calling her his `` little squirrel . '' He teases her about how the previous year she had spent weeks making gifts and ornaments by hand because money was scarce . This year Torvald is due a promotion at the bank where he works , so Nora feels that they can let themselves go a little . The maid announces two visitors : Mrs. Kristine Linde , an old friend of Nora 's , who has come seeking employment ; and Dr. Rank , a close friend of the family , who is let into the study . Kristine has had a difficult few years , ever since her husband died leaving her with no money or children . Nora says that things have not been easy for them either : Torvald became sick , and they had to travel to Italy so he could recover . Kristine explains that when her mother was ill she had to take care of her brothers , but now that they are grown she feels her life is `` unspeakably empty . '' Nora promises to talk to Torvald about finding her a job . Kristine gently tells Nora that she is like a child . Nora is offended , so she reveals that she borrowed money from `` some admirer , '' so they could travel to Italy to improve Torvald 's health . She told Torvald that her father gave her the money , but in fact she managed to illegally borrow it without his knowledge because women could n't do anything economical like signing checks without their husband . Over the years , she has been secretly working and saving up to pay it off . </P> <P> Krogstad , a lower - level employee at Torvald 's bank , arrives and goes into the study . Nora is clearly uneasy when she sees him . Dr. Rank leaves the study and mentions that he feels wretched , though like everyone he wants to go on living . In contrast to his physical illness , he says that the man in the study , Krogstad , is `` morally diseased . '' </P> <P> After the meeting with Krogstad , Torvald comes out of the study . Nora asks him if he can give Kristine a position at the bank and Torvald is very positive , saying that this is a fortunate moment , as a position has just become available . Torvald , Kristine , and Dr. Rank leave the house , leaving Nora alone . The nanny returns with the children and Nora plays with them for a while until Krogstad creeps into the living room and surprises her . Krogstad tells Nora that Torvald intends to fire him at the bank and asks her to intercede with Torvald to allow him to keep his job . She refuses , and Krogstad threatens to blackmail her about the loan she took out for the trip to Italy ; he knows that she obtained this loan by forging her father 's signature . Krogstad leaves and when Torvald returns , Nora tries to convince him not to fire Krogstad . Torvald refuses to hear her pleas , explaining that Krogstad is a liar and a hypocrite and that he committed a terrible crime : he forged someone 's name . Torvald feels physically ill in the presence of a man `` poisoning his own children with lies and dissimulation . '' </P> <H3> Act two ( edit ) </H3> <P> Kristine arrives to help Nora repair a dress for a costume function that she and Torvald plan to attend the next day . Torvald returns from the bank , and Nora pleads with him to reinstate Krogstad , claiming she is worried Krogstad will publish libelous articles about Torvald and ruin his career . Torvald dismisses her fears and explains that , although Krogstad is a good worker and seems to have turned his life around , he must be fired because he is not deferential enough to Torvald in front of other bank personnel . Torvald then retires to his study to work . </P> <P> Dr. Rank , the family friend , arrives . Nora asks him for a favor , but Rank responds by revealing that he has entered the terminal stage of tuberculosis of the spine and that he has always been secretly in love with her . Nora tries to deny the first revelation and make light of it , but is more disturbed by his declaration of love . She tries clumsily to tell him that she is not in love with him , but that she loves him dearly as a friend . </P> <P> Desperate after being fired by Torvald , Krogstad arrives at the house . Nora convinces Dr. Rank to go into Torvald 's study so he will not see Krogstad . When Krogstad confronts Nora , he declares that he no longer cares about the remaining balance of Nora 's loan , but that he will instead preserve the associated bond to blackmail Torvald into not only keeping him employed but also promoting him . Nora explains that she has done her best to persuade her husband , but he refuses to change his mind . Krogstad informs Nora that he has written a letter detailing her crime ( forging her father 's signature of surety on the bond ) and put it in Torvald 's mailbox , which is locked . </P> <P> Nora tells Kristine of her difficult situation . Having had a relationship with Krogstad in the past before her marriage , Kristine says that they are still in love and promises to try to convince him to relent . </P> <P> Torvald enters and tries to retrieve his mail , but Nora distracts him by begging him to help her with the dance she has been rehearsing for the costume party , feigning anxiety about performing . She dances so badly and acts so childishly that Torvald agrees to spend the whole evening coaching her . When the others go to dinner , Nora stays behind for a few minutes and contemplates killing herself to save her husband from the shame of the revelation of her crime and to pre-empt any gallant gesture on his part to save her reputation . </P> <H3> Act three ( edit ) </H3> <P> Kristine tells Krogstad that she only married her husband because she had no other means to support her sick mother and young siblings and that she has returned to offer

The setting of A Doll's House is

What is the setting of a dolls house?

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she appeared at the Wyndham 's Theatre in London 's West End in a drama entitled Honour which had a limited but successful run . In 2007 , she appeared as Huma Rojo in the Old Vic 's production of All About My Mother , adapted by Samuel Adamson and based on the film of the same title directed by Pedro Almodóvar . </P> <P> She appeared in 2008 in The Cherry Orchard at the Chichester Festival Theatre , returning there in 2009 to star in Noël Coward 's Hay Fever . In 2011 she played Mrs Higgins in Pygmalion at the Garrick Theatre , opposite Rupert Everett and Kara Tointon , having played Eliza Doolittle 37 years earlier at the Albery Theatre . </P> <H3> Film and television career ( edit ) </H3> <P> Rigg appeared in the British 1960s television series The Avengers ( 1965 -- 68 ) opposite Patrick McNee as John Steed , playing the secret agent Mrs Emma Peel in 51 episodes , replacing Elizabeth Shepherd at very short notice when Shepherd was dropped from the role after filming two episodes . Rigg auditioned for the role of Emma Peel on a whim , without ever having seen the programme . Although she was hugely successful in the series , she disliked the lack of privacy that it brought . Also , she was not comfortable in her position as a famous sex - symbol . She also did not like the way that she was treated by the Associated British Corporation ( ABC ) . After a dozen episodes she discovered that she was being paid less than a cameraman . For her second season she held out for a pay rise from £ 150 a week to £ 450 , but there was still no question of her staying for a third year . Patrick Macnee , her co-star in the series , noted that Rigg had later told him that she considered Macnee and her driver to be her only friends on the set . </P> <P> On the big screen she became a Bond girl in On Her Majesty 's Secret Service ( 1969 ) , playing Tracy Bond , James Bond 's only wife , opposite George Lazenby . She said she took the role with the hope that she would become better known in the United States . In 1973 -- 1974 , she starred in a short - lived U.S. sitcom called Diana . </P> <P> Her other films from this period include The Assassination Bureau ( 1969 ) , Julius Caesar ( 1970 ) , The Hospital ( 1971 ) , Theatre of Blood ( 1973 ) , In This House of Brede ( 1975 ) , based on the book by Rumer Godden , and A Little Night Music ( 1977 ) . She appeared as the title character in The Marquise ( 1980 ) , a television adaptation of play by Noël Coward . She appeared in the Yorkshire Television production of Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1981 ) in the title role , and as Lady Holiday in the film The Great Muppet Caper ( also 1981 ) . The following year she received acclaim for her performance as Arlena Marshall in the film adaptation of Agatha Christie 's Evil Under the Sun , sharing barbs with her character 's old rival , played by Maggie Smith . </P> <P> She appeared as Regan , the king 's treacherous second daughter , in a Granada Television production of King Lear ( 1983 ) , which stars Laurence Olivier in the title role . As Lady Dedlock she costarred with Denholm Elliott in a television version of Dickens ' Bleak House ( BBC , 1985 ) , and played the Evil Queen , Snow White 's evil stepmother , in the Cannon Movie Tales 's film adaptation of Snow White ( 1987 ) . In 1989 she played Helena Vesey in Mother Love for the BBC ; her portrayal of an obsessive mother who was prepared to do anything , even murder , to keep control of her son won Rigg the 1989 BAFTA for Best Television Actress . </P> <P> In the 1990s , she appeared on television as Mrs. Danvers in Rebecca ( 1997 ) , winning an Emmy , as well as the PBS production Moll Flanders , and as the amateur detective Mrs. Bradley in The Mrs Bradley Mysteries . In this BBC series , first aired in 2000 , she played Gladys Mitchell 's detective , Dame Beatrice Adela Le Strange Bradley , an eccentric old woman who worked for Scotland Yard as a pathologist . The series was not a critical success and did not return for a second season . </P> <P> From 1989 until 2003 , she hosted the PBS television series Mystery ! , shown in the United States by PBS broadcaster WGBH , taking over from Vincent Price , her co-star in Theatre of Blood . Her TV career in America has been varied . She starred in her own sitcom Diana ( 1973 ) , but it was not successful . </P> <P> She also appeared in the second series of Ricky Gervais 's comedy Extras , alongside Harry Potter star Daniel Radcliffe , and in the 2006 film The Painted Veil . </P> <P> In 2013 she appeared in an episode of Doctor Who in a Victorian - era based story called `` The Crimson Horror '' alongside her daughter Rachael Stirling , Matt Smith and Jenna - Louise Coleman . The episode had been specially written for her and her daughter by Mark Gatiss and aired as part of series 7 . It was not the first time mother and daughter had appeared in the same production -- that was in the 2000 NBC film In the Beginning -- but the first time she had worked with her daughter and also the first time in her career her roots were accessed to find a Doncaster , Yorkshire , accent . </P> <P> The same year , Rigg secured a recurring role in the third season of the HBO series Game of Thrones , portraying Lady Olenna Tyrell , a witty and sarcastic political mastermind popularly known as the Queen of Thorns , the grandmother of regular character Margaery Tyrell . Her performance was well received by critics and audiences alike , and earned her an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series for the 65th Primetime Emmy Awards in 2013 . She reprised her role in season four of Game of Thrones , and in July 2014 received another Guest Actress Emmy nomination . In 2015 and 2016 , she again reprised the role in seasons five and six in an expanded role from the books . The character was finally killed off in the seventh season , with Rigg 's final performance receiving critical acclaim . </P> <H3> Personal life ( edit ) </H3> <P> In the 1960s , Rigg lived for eight years with director Philip Saville , gaining attention in the tabloids when she disclaimed interest in marrying the older , already - married Saville , saying she had no desire `` to be respectable '' . She was married to Menachem Gueffen , an Israeli painter , from 1973 until their divorce in 1976 , and to Archibald Stirling , a theatrical producer and former officer in the Scots Guards , from 25 March 1982 , until their divorce in 1990 . With Stirling , Rigg has a daughter , actress Rachael Stirling , who was born in 1977 . </P> <P> Rigg has long been an outspoken critic of feminism , saying in 1969 , `` Women are in a much stronger position than men . '' </P> <P> Rigg is a Patron of International Care & Relief and was for many years the public face of the charity 's child sponsorship scheme . She was also Chancellor of the University of Stirling , being succeeded by James Naughtie when her ten - year term of office ended on 31 July 2008 . </P> <P> Michael Parkinson , who first interviewed Rigg in 1972 , described her as the most desirable woman he ever met , who `` radiated a lustrous beauty '' . A smoker from the age of 18 , Rigg was still smoking 20 cigarettes a day in 2009 . By December 2017 , she had stopped smoking after serious illness led to heart surgery , a cardiac ablation , two months earlier . A devout Christian , she commented that : `` My heart had stopped ticking during the procedure , so I was up there and The Good Lord must have said , ' Send the old bag down again , I 'm not having her yet ! ' '' </P> <P> In a June 2015 interview with Stephen Bowie of The A.V. Club , Rigg also commented about the chemistry between Patrick Macnee and herself on The Avengers , despite being 16 years apart : `` I sort of vaguely knew Patrick Macnee , and he looked kindly on me and sort of husbanded me through the first couple of episodes . After that we became equal , and loved each other and sparked off each other . And we 'd then improvise , write our own lines . They trusted us . Particularly our scenes when we were finding a dead body -- I mean , another dead body . How do you get ' round that one ? They allowed us to do it . '' She also said about the improvisation of the dialogue : `` Not for an instant , no . Well , when I say improvising , Pat and I would sit down and work out approximately what we 'd say . It was n't sort of ... who 's the American duo ? Mike Nichols and Elaine May . It was definitely not that . '' Asked on if she had ever stayed in touch with Macnee ( the interview was published two days before Macnee 's death on June 25 , 2015 , and decades after they were reunited for one last time on her short - lived American series Diana ) : `` You 'll always be close to somebody that you worked with very intimately for so long , and you become really fond of each other . But we have n't seen each other for a very , very long time . '' </P> <H3> Honours ( edit ) </H3> <P> Rigg received honorary degrees from the University of Stirling in 1988 and the University of Leeds in 1992 . </P> <P> Rigg was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in the 1988 New Year Honours and a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( DBE ) for services to drama in the 1994 Birthday Honours . </P> <P> In 2014 , Rigg received the Will Award , presented by the Shakespeare Theatre Company , along with Stacy Keach and John Hurt . </P> <P> On 25 October 2015 , to mark 50 years of Emma Peel , the BFI ( British Film Institute ) screened an episode of The Avengers followed by an onstage interview with Rigg about her time in the television series . </P> <H2> Filmography ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Film ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Year </Th> <Th> Title </Th> <Th> Role </Th> <Th> Notes </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1968 </Td> <Td> Midsummer Night 's Dream , AA Midsummer Night 's Dream </Td> <Td> Helena </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1969 </Td> <Td> Mini-Killers </Td> <Td> </Td> <Td> Short film </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1969 </Td> <Td> Assassination Bureau , The The Assassination Bureau </Td> <Td> Sonya Winter </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1969 </Td> <Td> On Her Majesty 's Secret Service </Td> <Td> Contessa Teresa `` Tracy '' Draco di Vicenzo / Bond </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1970 </Td> <Td> Julius Caesar </Td> <Td> Portia </Td> <Td> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> 1971 </Td>

The role of the grandmother in Game of Thrones is played by Diana

Who plays the grandmother in game of thrones?

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NBA Regular season records - wikipedia <H1> NBA Regular season records </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For NBA playoff and Finals records , see NBA post-season records . For NBA All - Star Game records , see NBA All - Star Game records . <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( January 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness . You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries . <P> This article lists all - time records achieved in the NBA regular season in major statistical categories recognized by the league , including those set by teams and individuals in a game , season , and career . The NBA also recognizes records from its original incarnation , the Basketball Association of America ( BAA ) . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Regular season records <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Game </Li> <Li> 1.2 Season </Li> <Li> 1.3 Career </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Rookie and age - related records </Li> <Li> 3 Team records <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Game </Li> <Li> 3.2 Season </Li> <Li> 3.3 Franchise </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Other records </Li> <Li> 5 Awards </Li> <Li> 6 See also </Li> <Li> 7 Footnotes </Li> <Li> 8 References </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Regular season records </H2> <H3> Game </H3> <Ul> <Li> Most minutes in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 69 by Dale Ellis , Seattle SuperSonics ( at Milwaukee Bucks ) on November 9 , 1989 ( 5 OT ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most points in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 100 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 2 , 1962 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most points in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 59 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 2 , 1962 ( 2nd ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most points in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 37 by Klay Thompson , Golden State Warriors ( vs. Sacramento Kings ) on January 23 , 2015 ( 3rd ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most points in an overtime period </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 16 by Gilbert Arenas , Washington Wizards ( vs. Los Angeles Lakers ) on December 17 , 2006 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals made in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 36 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 2 , 1962 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals attempted in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 63 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 2 , 1962 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals missed in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 30 by Kobe Bryant , Los Angeles Lakers ( vs. Boston Celtics ) on November 7 , 2002 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals made in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 22 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 2 , 1962 ( 2nd ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals attempted in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 37 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 2 , 1962 ( 2nd ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals made in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 13 by David Thompson , Denver Nuggets ( vs. Detroit Pistons ) on April 9 , 1978 ( 1st ) </Li> <Li> 13 by Klay Thompson , Golden State Warriors ( vs. Sacramento Kings ) on January 23 , 2015 ( 3rd ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals attempted in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 21 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 2 , 1962 ( 4th ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals made in a game , no misses </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 18 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia 76ers ( vs. Baltimore Bullets ) on February 24 , 1967 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most field goals attempted in a game , none made </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 17 by Tim Hardaway , Golden State Warriors ( at Minnesota Timberwolves ) on December 27 , 1991 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most 3 - point field goals made in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 13 by Stephen Curry , Golden State Warriors ( vs. New Orleans Pelicans ) on November 7 , 2016 ( 13 / 17 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most 3 - point field goals attempted in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 22 by J.R. Smith , New York Knicks ( at Miami Heat ) on April 6 , 2014 ( 10 / 22 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most 3 - point field goals made in a game , no misses </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 9 by Latrell Sprewell , New York Knicks ( vs. Los Angeles Clippers ) on February 4 , 2003 </Li> <Li> 9 by Ben Gordon , Chicago Bulls ( vs. Washington Wizards ) on April 14 , 2006 </Li> <Li> 9 by Ben Gordon , Detroit Pistons ( at Denver Nuggets ) on March 21 , 2012 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most consecutive 3 - point field goals made to start a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 10 by Ty Lawson , Denver Nuggets ( vs. Minnesota Timberwolves ) on April 9 , 2011 ( 10 / 11 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most 3 - point field goals attempted in a game , none made </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 11 by Antoine Walker , Boston Celtics ( vs. Philadelphia 76ers ) on December 17 , 2001 </Li> <Li> 11 by Trey Burke , Utah Jazz ( vs. Atlanta Hawks ) on January 2 , 2015 </Li> <Li> 11 by Stephen Curry , Golden State Warriors ( vs. Philadelphia 76ers ) on February 27 , 2017 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most 3 - point field goals made in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 10 by Chandler Parsons , Houston Rockets ( vs. Memphis Grizzlies ) on January 24 , 2014 ( 10 / 11 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most 3 - point field goals made in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 9 by Klay Thompson , Golden State Warriors ( vs. Sacramento Kings ) on January 23 , 2015 ( 9 / 9 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most 3 - point field goals attempted in a quarter , no misses </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 9 by Klay Thompson , Golden State Warriors ( vs. Sacramento Kings ) on January 23 , 2015 ( 9 / 9 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws made in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 28 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 2 , 1962 ( 28 / 32 ) </Li> <Li> 28 by Adrian Dantley , Utah Jazz ( vs. Houston Rockets ) on January 4 , 1984 ( 28 / 29 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws made in a game , no misses </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 23 by Dominique Wilkins , Atlanta Hawks ( vs. Chicago Bulls ) on December 8 , 1992 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most consecutive free throws made in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 24 by DeMar DeRozan , Toronto Raptors ( vs. Portland Trail Blazers ) on March 4 , 2016 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws attempted in a game , none made </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 11 by Shaquille O'Neal , Los Angeles Lakers ( vs. Seattle SuperSonics ) on December 8 , 2000 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws attempted in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 39 by Dwight Howard , Orlando Magic ( vs. Golden State Warriors ) on January 12 , 2012 ( 21 / 39 ) </Li> <Li> 39 by Dwight Howard , Los Angeles Lakers ( at Orlando Magic ) on March 12 , 2013 ( 25 / 39 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws missed in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 23 by Andre Drummond , Detroit Pistons ( at Houston Rockets ) on January 20 , 2016 ( 13 / 36 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws made in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 20 by Michael Jordan , Chicago Bulls ( vs. Miami Heat ) on December 30 , 1992 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws attempted in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 26 by Josh Smith , Houston Rockets ( vs. San Antonio Spurs ) on April 10 , 2015 ( 12 / 26 ) </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws made in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 16 by Vince Carter , New Jersey Nets ( at Miami Heat ) on December 23 , 2005 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most free throws attempted in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 24 by Ben Simmons , Philadelphia 76ers ( vs Washington Wizards ) on November 29 , 2017 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most rebounds in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 55 by Wilt Chamberlain , Philadelphia Warriors ( vs. Boston Celtics ) on November 24 , 1960 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most rebounds in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 32 by Bill Russell , Boston Celtics ( vs. Philadelphia Warriors ) on November 16 , 1957 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most rebounds in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 18 by Nate Thurmond , San Francisco Warriors ( at Baltimore Bullets ) on February 28 , 1965 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most offensive rebounds in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 21 by Moses Malone , Houston Rockets ( vs. Seattle SuperSonics ) on February 11 , 1982 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most defensive rebounds in a game </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 29 by Kareem Abdul - Jabbar , Los Angeles Lakers ( vs. Detroit Pistons ) on December 14 , 1975 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most offensive rebounds in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 13 by Charles Barkley , Philadelphia 76ers ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 4 , 1987 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most defensive rebounds in a half </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 18 by Swen Nater , San Diego Clippers ( vs. Denver Nuggets ) on December 14 , 1979 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most offensive rebounds in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 11 by Charles Barkley , Philadelphia 76ers ( vs. New York Knicks ) on March 4 , 1987 </Li> <Li> 11 by Larry Smith , Golden State Warriors ( vs. Denver Nuggets ) on March 23 , 1986 </Li> </Ul> </Dd> </Dl> <Ul> <Li> Most defensive rebounds in a quarter </Li> </Ul> <Dl> <Dd> <Ul> <Li> 13 by Happy Hairston , Los Angeles Lakers ( vs. Philadelphia 76ers ) on November 15 , 1974 </Li> </Ul>

The NBA record for most points scored in a half is

What's the nba record for most points in a half?

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<P> Prince Moses grows up to become a successful general , winning a war with Ethiopia and establishing an alliance . Moses and princess Nefretiri fall in love , but she must marry the next Pharaoh . While working on the building of a city for Pharaoh Sethi 's jubilee , Moses meets the stonecutter Joshua , who tells him of the Hebrew God . Moses saves an elderly woman from being crushed , and he reprimands the taskmaster and overseer Baka . Moses does not know that the woman is his biological mother , Yoshebel . </P> <P> Moses reforms the treatment of slaves on the project , but Prince Rameses , Moses 's adoptive brother , charges him with planning an insurrection . Moses says he is making his workers more productive . Rameses wonders if Moses is the man the Hebrews are calling the Deliverer . </P> <P> Nefretiri learns from Memnet that Moses is the son of Hebrew slaves . She kills Memnet but reveals the story to Moses only after he finds the piece of Levite cloth he was wrapped in as a baby , which Memnet had kept . Moses follows Bithiah to Yoshebel 's house where he meets his birth mother and family . </P> <P> Moses learns more about the slaves by working with them . Nefretiri urges him to return to the palace so he may help his people when he becomes pharaoh , to which he agrees after he completes a final task . Moses saves Joshua from death by choking Baka to death while also breaking the latter 's neck in the process , telling Joshua that he too is Hebrew . The confession is witnessed by the overseer Dathan . Dathan tells Rameses , who then arrests Moses . Moses explains that he is not the Deliverer , but would free the slaves if he could . Rameses is declared the next Pharaoh . Rameses banishes Moses to the desert . </P> <P> Moses makes his way across the desert to a well in Midian . After defending seven sisters from Amalekites , Moses is housed with the girls ' father Jethro , a Bedouin sheik , who worships the God of Abraham . Moses marries Jethro 's eldest daughter Sephora . </P> <P> Moses finds Joshua , who has escaped hard labor . Moses sees the burning bush on the summit of Mount Sinai and hears the voice of God . Moses returns to Egypt to free the Hebrews . </P> <P> Moses comes before Rameses , now pharaoh , to win the slaves ' freedom , turning his staff into a cobra . Jannes performs the same trick with his staves , but Moses 's snake is superior . Rameses prohibits straw from being provided to the Hebrews to make their bricks . Nefretiri rescues Moses from being stoned to death by the Hebrews . He tells her he is married . </P> <P> Egypt is visited by plagues . Moses turns the river Nile to blood at a festival of Khnum and brings burning hail down upon Pharaoh 's palace . Moses warns him the next plague to fall upon Egypt will be summoned by Pharaoh himself . Enraged at the plagues , Rameses orders all first - born Hebrews to die . Instead , a cloud of death kills all the firstborn of Egypt , including the child of Rameses and Nefretiri . Angrily , Pharaoh exiles the Hebrews , which begins the Exodus from Egypt . </P> <P> Rameses takes his army and pursues the Hebrews to the Red Sea . Moses uses God 's help to stop the Egyptians with a pillar of fire . Moses parts the Red Sea and the Hebrews struggle toward the other side . Moses releases the walls of water , drowning the Egyptian army . Rameses returns empty - handed to Nefretiri , telling her , `` His god is God '' . </P> <P> Moses again ascends the mountain with Joshua . Impatiently , Dathan urges the Hebrews to construct a golden calf idol as a gift for Rameses . A wild and decadent orgy is held by most of the Hebrews . </P> <P> Moses sees the Ten Commandments created by God in two stone tablets . Moses descends from the mountain to the sight of decadence . He throws the tablets at the golden calf , which explodes , killing the wicked revelers . </P> <P> Forty years later , an elderly Moses leads the Hebrews to Canaan . He names Joshua as leader , and walks alone out of Israel . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> Charlton Heston as Moses and the voice of God at the Burning Bush <Ul> <Li> Fraser Heston as The Infant Moses </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> Yul Brynner as Rameses II </Li> <Li> Anne Baxter as Nefretiri </Li> <Li> Edward G. Robinson as Dathan </Li> <Li> Yvonne De Carlo as Sephora </Li> <Li> Debra Paget as Lilia </Li> <Li> John Derek as Joshua </Li> <Li> Sir Cedric Hardwicke as Sethi </Li> <Li> Nina Foch as Bithiah </Li> <Li> Martha Scott as Yochabel </Li> <Li> Judith Anderson as Memnet </Li> <Li> Vincent Price as Baka </Li> <Li> John Carradine as Aaron </Li> <Li> Olive Deering as Miriam </Li> <Li> Douglass Dumbrille as Jannes </Li> <Li> Frank de Kova as Abiram </Li> <Li> Henry Wilcoxon as Pentaur </Li> <Li> Eduard Franz as Jethro </Li> <Li> Donald Curtis as Mered </Li> <Li> Lawrence Dobkin as Caleb </Li> <Li> H.B. Warner as Amminadab </Li> <Li> Julia Faye as Elisheba </Li> <Li> Lisa Mitchell as Jethro 's daughter ( Lulua ) </Li> <Li> Noelle Williams as Jethro 's daughter </Li> <Li> Joanna Merlin as Jethro 's daughter </Li> <Li> Pat Richard as Jethro 's daughter </Li> <Li> Joyce Vanderveen as Jethro 's daughter </Li> <Li> Diane Hall as Jethro 's daughter </Li> <Li> John Miljan as The Blind One </Li> <Li> Francis J. McDonald as Simon </Li> <Li> Ian Keith as Rameses I </Li> <Li> Paul De Rolf as Eleazar </Li> <Li> Woodrow Strode as King of Ethiopia </Li> <Li> Tommy Duran as Gershom </Li> <Li> Eugene Mazzola as Rameses ' Son , Amun </Li> <Li> Ramsay Hill as Korah </Li> <Li> Joan Woodbury as Korah 's Wife </Li> <Li> Esther Brown as Princess Tharbis </Li> <Li> Babette Bain as Little Miriam </Li> </Ul> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Writing ( edit ) </H3> <P> The final shooting script was written by Aeneas MacKenzie , Jesse L. Lasky Jr. , Jack Gariss , and Fredric M. Frank . It also contained material from the books Prince of Egypt by Dorothy Clarke Wilson , Pillar of Fire by Joseph Holt Ingraham , and On Eagle 's Wings by Arthur Eustace Southon . Henry Noerdlinger , the film 's researcher , consulted ancient historical texts such as the Midrash Rabbah , Philo 's Life of Moses , and the writings of Josephus and Eusebius in order to `` fill in '' the missing years of Moses ' life , and as the film 's last opening title card states , `` the Holy Scriptures . '' </P> <H3> Casting ( edit ) </H3> <P> Charlton Heston , who had previously worked with DeMille in The Greatest Show on Earth , won the part of Moses after he impressed DeMille ( at his audition ) with his knowledge of ancient Egypt . Interestingly enough , William Boyd , DeMille 's first choice to be auditioned to be Moses in the film , refused the part . Heston was also chosen to be the voice of God in the form of a burning bush , toned down to a softer and lower register . </P> <P> Heston 's newborn son , Fraser ( born February 12 , 1955 ) , was cast by DeMille ( on the suggestion of Henry Wilcoxon , who said to him `` The timing 's just right . If it 's a boy , who better to play the Baby Moses ? '' ) as soon as Heston announced to DeMille that his wife Lydia was pregnant . Fraser Heston was three months old during filming . </P> <P> The part of Nefretiri , the Egyptian throne princess , was considered `` the most sought after role of the year '' in 1954 . Ann Blyth , Vanessa Brown , Joan Evans , Rhonda Fleming , Coleen Gray , Jane Griffiths , Audrey Hepburn , Jean Marie , Vivien Leigh , Jane Russell , and Joan Taylor were considered for the part . DeMille liked Audrey Hepburn but dismissed her because of her figure , which was considered too slim for the character 's Egyptian gowns . Anne Baxter ( who was considered for the part of Moses ' wife ) was cast in the role . </P> <P> Judith Ames , Anne Bancroft , Anne Baxter , Shirley Booth , Diane Brewster , Peggie Castle , June Clayworth , Linda Darnell , Laura Elliot , Rhonda Fleming , Rita Gam , Grace Kelly , Jacqueline Green , Barbara Hale , Allison Hayes , Frances Lansing , Patricia Neal , Marie Palmer , Jean Peters , Ruth Roman , Barbara Rush , and Elizabeth Sellers were considered for the part of Sephora. Grace Kelly , DeMille 's first choice , was unavailable . DeMille was `` very much impressed '' with Yvonne De Carlo 's performance as a `` saintly type of woman '' in MGM 's Sombrero . He `` sensed in her a depth , an emotional power , a womanly strength which the part of Sephora needed and which she gave it . '' Sephora is the Douay -- Rheims version of the name of Zipporah . </P> <P> Merle Oberon and Claudette Colbert were considered for the role of Bithiah before DeMille chose Jayne Meadows ( who declined ) and finally cast Nina Foch , on the suggestion of Henry Wilcoxon , who had worked with her in Scaramouche . </P> <P> For the role of Memnet , Flora Robson was considered and Bette Davis was interviewed ( DeMille 's casting journal also notes Marjorie Rambeau and Marie Windsor ) but DeMille chose Judith Anderson after screening Alfred Hitchcock 's Rebecca . </P> <P> Henry Wilcoxon 's wife Joan Woodbury was cast as Korah 's wife in the Golden Calf sequence . </P> <P> DeMille was reluctant to cast anyone who had appeared in 20th Century Fox 's The Egyptian , a rival production at the time . Several exceptions to this are the casting of John Carradine and Mimi Gibson ( in credited supporting roles ) and Michael Ansara and Peter Coe ( in uncredited minor roles ) , who appeared in both films . </P> <P> For the Large Crowd shots , at least 14,000 extras and 15,000 animals were used while filming this movie . </P> <H3> Art Direction ( edit ) </H3> The Ten Commandments ( shortened version ) written in 10th century BC characters , like on DeMille 's tablets <P> Commentary for the film 's DVD edition chronicles the historical research done by DeMille and associates . Katherine Orrison says that many details of Moses ' life left out of the Bible are present in the Quran , which was sometimes used as a source . She also presents some coincidences in production . The man who designed Moses ' distinctive rust - white - and - black - striped robe used those colors because they looked impressive , and only later discovered that these are the actual colors of the Tribe of Levi . Arnold Friberg would later state that he was the one who designed Moses ' costume . As a gift , after the production , DeMille gave Moses ' robe to Friberg , who had it in his possession until his death in 2010 . Moses ' robe as worn by Charlton Heston was hand - woven by Dorothea Hulse , one of the world 's finest weavers . She also created costumes for The Robe , as well as textiles and costume fabrics for Samson and Delilah ,

The role of the King in the movie "The Ten Commandments" was played by

Who played the king in the ten commandments?

8994603957493774314

I Write Sins Not Tragedies - wikipedia <H1> I Write Sins Not Tragedies </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Single by Panic ! at the Disco </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> from the album A Fever You Ca n't Sweat Out </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Released </Th> <Td> February 27 , 2006 ( 2006 - 02 - 27 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Format </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> CD </Li> <Li> 7 '' </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Recorded </Th> <Td> August 2005 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Genre </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Pop punk </Li> <Li> emo </Li> <Li> baroque pop </Li> <Li> pop rock </Li> <Li> alternative rock </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Length </Th> <Td> 3 : 06 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Label </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Fueled by Ramen </Li> <Li> Decaydance </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Songwriter ( s ) </Th> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Ryan Ross </Li> <Li> Brendon Urie </Li> <Li> Spencer Smith </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Producer ( s ) </Th> <Td> Matt Squire </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Panic ! at the Disco singles chronology </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage '' ( 2005 ) </Td> <Td> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' ( 2006 ) </Td> <Td> `` But It 's Better If You Do '' ( 2006 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Table> <Tr> <Td> `` The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage '' ( 2005 ) </Td> <Td> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' ( 2006 ) </Td> <Td> `` But It 's Better If You Do '' ( 2006 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' is a song by American rock band Panic ! at the Disco , and is the second single from their debut studio album , A Fever You Ca n't Sweat Out ( 2005 ) . It was released on April 27 , 2006 on both CD and 7 '' vinyl . The pizzicato cello motif that the song is built upon was played by session musician Heather Stebbins . The song reached No. 7 on the United States Billboard Hot 100 . This was the band 's only top forty hit until the release of `` Hallelujah '' in 2015 . While the song failed to hit the top 10 on the Alternative Songs chart peaking at No. 12 which was lower than their prior single , `` The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage '' which peaked at No. 5 , the song 's success on the Hot 100 and Mainstream Top 40 ( at No. 2 ) charts was what made the song one of the biggest modern rock hits of 2006 and is still one of the band 's most played songs on alternative radio stations to this day . </P> <P> In the UK , the song was released on February 27 , 2006 as a limited edition single with a free sticker . Because the sticker was included with the CD single , the song was not eligible for the UK Singles Chart . Official Charts Company rules state that stickers are not allowed in single releases . Later , in September 2006 , due to the popularity of the track and following further single releases there of `` Lying Is the Most Fun a Girl Can Have Without Taking Her Clothes Off '' and `` But It 's Better If You Do '' , going top 40 there , the single was re-released on October 30 , 2006 . Despite receiving significant radio airplay upon its re-release , the single only reached No. 25 in the UK Singles Chart . </P> <P> Many U.S. radio stations , in response to the language found in the song , wanted an edited version . The lyrics `` The poor groom 's bride is a whore '' and `` Have n't you people ever heard of closing a goddamn door ? '' were changed by replacing `` whore '' with a `` shhh '' sound and removing `` god '' in `` goddamn '' . Some stations -- generally modern rock stations -- still play the original version . </P> <P> The song was covered by Fall Out Boy , fellow Decaydance band , for their live album , * * * * : Live in Phoenix . ( Fall Out Boy commonly uses the song 's chorus as a lead - in to `` This Ai n't a Scene , It 's an Arms Race '' in concert . ) </P> <P> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' was ranked No. 3 in Billboard 's Best 2000 's Video poll . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Title </Li> <Li> 2 Music video </Li> <Li> 3 Track listing </Li> <Li> 4 Charts and certifications <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Weekly charts </Li> <Li> 4.2 Year - end charts </Li> <Li> 4.3 Certifications </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 References </Li> <Li> 6 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Title ( edit ) </H2> <P> The title of the song refers to Douglas Coupland 's novel Shampoo Planet , wherein the main character , Tyler Johnson , says : `` I am writing a list of tragic character flaws on my dollar bills with a felt pen . I am thinking of the people in my universe and distilling for each of these people the one flaw in their character that will be their downfall -- the flaw that will be their undoing . What I write are not sins ; I write tragedies . '' </P> <H2> Music video ( edit ) </H2> Brendon Urie and Daniel Isaac in the music video . <P> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' is Panic ! at the Disco 's first single to have a music video . ( `` The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage '' was the first single , but no video was filmed . ) The video for the song takes place at a strange , circus - themed wedding played by the Lucent Dossier Vaudeville Cirque . </P> <P> The video starts as the bride , played by Jessie Preston , and groom , Daniel Isaac McGuffey , are about to be married . Her family dress and behave formally , but are revealed later to have fallen asleep and have eyes painted on their eyelids . His family are lower - class entertainers and carnival folk , and interrupt the wedding . The ringmaster , played by vocalist Brendon Urie , acts as narrator and disrupts the events . After an argument between the two families , the bride runs out and is followed by one of her guests . The ringmaster drags the groom outside by his tie , where his fiancée is kissing the guest who followed her out of the church . The groom straightens up , looking shocked , and Urie and the groom bow to the camera . The ringmaster is revealed to be the groom 's alter ego . </P> <P> The music video by director Shane Drake won the award for Video of the Year during the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards . This marked the first occasion since the 1989 VMAs that the winner of Video of the Year did not win anything else . The video was also ranked No. 7 on VH1 's list of the Top 100 Videos of 2006 . </P> <P> The video was shot in December 2005 . According to vocalist Brendon Urie , he and guitarist Ryan Ross suffered from the flu while filming the video clip . In August 2011 , the video won Best VMA Winning Video of All Time , in a worldwide poll on MTV 's website . </P> <H2> Track listing ( edit ) </H2> <P> UK 7 '' poster bag ( February 2006 ) </P> <Ul> <Li> A. `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' </Li> </Ul> <P> UK CD single ( February 2006 ) </P> <Ol> <Li> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' </Li> <Li> `` Nails for Breakfast , Tacks for Snacks '' ( demo version ) </Li> </Ol> <P> WMI CD single ( May 2006 ) </P> <Ol> <Li> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' -- 3 : 10 </Li> <Li> `` Nails for Breakfast , Tacks for Snacks '' ( demo version ) -- 3 : 57 </Li> <Li> `` The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage '' ( Tommie Sunshine Brooklyn Fire Remix ) -- 5 : 04 </Li> </Ol> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> Panic ! at the Disco -- `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' 30 - second sample from Panic ! at the Disco `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' , from the album A Fever You Ca n't Sweat Out . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Problems playing this file ? See media help . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> UK CD single ( October 2006 ) </P> <Ol> <Li> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' </Li> <Li> `` Karma Police '' ( Live in Denver ) </Li> </Ol> <P> UK 7 '' gatefold sleeve ( October 2006 ) </P> <Ul> <Li> A. `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' </Li> <Li> B . `` But It 's Better If You Do '' ( Live from Glasgow ) </Li> </Ul> <P> UK 7 '' picture disc ( October 2006 ) </P> <Ul> <Li> A. `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' </Li> <Li> B. `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' ( Live in Denver ) </Li> </Ul> <P> Enhanced CD single ( October 2006 ) </P> <Ol> <Li> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' </Li> <Li> `` Nails for Breakfast , Tacks for Snacks '' ( demo version ) </Li> <Li> `` The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage '' ( Tommie Sunshine Brooklyn Fire Remix ) </Li> <Li> `` I Write Sins Not Tragedies '' ( video ) </Li> </Ol> <H2> Charts and certifications ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> <H3> Weekly charts ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2006 ) </Th> <Th> Peak position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Australia ( ARIA ) </Th> <Td> 12 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Belgium ( Ultratip Flanders ) </Th> <Td> 12 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Germany ( Official German Charts ) </Th> <Td> 66 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) </Th> <Td> 29 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) </Th> <Td> 45 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ireland ( IRMA ) </Th> <Td> 50 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) </Th> <Td> 5 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Scotland ( Official Charts Company ) </Th> <Td> 23 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) </Th> <Td> 25 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Billboard Hot 100 </Th> <Td> 7 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Alternative Songs ( Billboard ) </Th> <Td> 12 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Adult Top 40 ( Billboard ) </Th> <Td> 16 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Mainstream Top 40 ( Billboard ) </Th> <Td> </Td> </Tr> </Table> </Td> <Td> <H3> Year - end charts ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Chart ( 2006 ) </Th> <Th> Position </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Australia ( ARIA ) </Th> <Td> 50 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) </Th> <Td> 247 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> US Billboard Hot 100 </Th> <Td> 20 </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H3> Certifications ( edit ) </H3> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Region </Th> <Th> Certification </Th> <Th> Certified units / Sales </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> United Kingdom ( BPI ) </Th> <Td> Gold </Td> <Td> 400,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> United States ( RIAA ) </Th> <Td> 4 × Platinum </Td> <Td> 4,000,000 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="3"> Ringtone </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> United States

The original singer of "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" is

Who is the original singer of i write sins not tragedies?

6984338270146750184

Las Vegas stadium - wikipedia <H1> Las Vegas stadium </H1> Jump to : navigation , search For the stadium originally known as Las Vegas Stadium , see Sam Boyd Stadium . <Table> Las Vegas Stadium <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Artist 's rendering showing the front of Las Vegas Stadium with the retractable windows and planned Al Davis memorial torch . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Former names </Th> <Td> Raiders Stadium ( in early renderings ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Location </Th> <Td> Paradise , Nevada </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Coordinates </Th> <Td> 36 ° 05 ′ 26.7 '' N 115 ° 11 ′ 01.4 '' W  /  36.090750 ° N 115.183722 ° W  / 36.090750 ; - 115.183722 Coordinates : 36 ° 05 ′ 26.7 '' N 115 ° 11 ′ 01.4 '' W  /  36.090750 ° N 115.183722 ° W  / 36.090750 ; - 115.183722 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Public transit </Th> <Td> Las Vegas Monorail at Mandalay Bay ( proposed ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Owner </Th> <Td> Las Vegas Stadium Authority ( Clark County Commission ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Operator </Th> <Td> Las Vegas Raiders </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Executive suites </Th> <Td> 100 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Capacity </Th> <Td> 65,000 -- 72,000 ( larger events ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Acreage </Th> <Td> 62 acres ( 25 ha ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Surface </Th> <Td> Grass ( Raiders ) Field Turf ( UNLV ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Construction </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Broke ground </Th> <Td> November 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 13 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Construction cost </Th> <Td> US $1.8 billion </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Architect </Th> <Td> MANICA Architecture HNTB </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Project manager </Th> <Td> ICON Venue Group </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Structural engineer </Th> <Td> ARUP </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Services engineer </Th> <Td> Smith Seckman Reid , Inc . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> General contractor </Th> <Td> Mortenson Construction McCarthy Construction </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Tenants </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Las Vegas Raiders ( NFL ) ( 2020 -- ) planned UNLV Rebels ( NCAA ) ( 2020 -- ) planned Las Vegas Bowl ( NCAA ) ( 2020 -- ) planned </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Website </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> lasvegasstadium.raiders.com </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Las Vegas Stadium is the working name for a domed stadium under construction in Paradise , Nevada for the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League ( NFL ) and the UNLV Rebels football team of the University of Nevada , Las Vegas ( UNLV ) . It is located on about 62 acres west of Mandalay Bay at Russell Road and Hacienda Avenue and between Polaris Avenue and Dean Martin Drive , just west of Interstate 15 . Construction of the $1.8 billion stadium began in September 2017 and is expected to be completed in time for the 2020 NFL season . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History <Ul> <Li> 1.1 2016 </Li> <Li> 1.2 2017 </Li> <Li> 1.3 2018 </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Financing </Li> <Li> 3 Design </Li> <Li> 4 Tenants and events </Li> <Li> 5 See also </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> History ( edit ) </H2> <H3> 2016 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In January 2016 , reports emerged that Las Vegas Sands was considering developing a stadium in conjunction with Majestic Realty and UNLV , on a 42 - acre site on Tropicana Avenue owned by UNLV . UNLV had been in the market to for a new stadium to replace Sam Boyd Stadium since at least 2011 . Raiders owner Mark Davis visited Las Vegas on January 29 to tour the site and meet with Sands chairman Sheldon Adelson and other local figures . The Raiders , who had been trying to get a new stadium built for the team since the 1980s , had just missed out on relocating to Los Angeles that same month and were at an impasse in Oakland . In order for the team to relocate to Las Vegas , a new stadium was required , since Sam Boyd Stadium was undersized for the NFL and there were no other professional - caliber stadiums in Nevada . </P> <P> On March 21 , 2016 , when asked about Las Vegas , Davis said , `` I think the Raiders like the Las Vegas plan , '' and `` it 's a very very very intriguing and exciting plan . '' Davis also met with Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval about the stadium plan . On April 1 , 2016 , Davis met with UNLV officials and toured Sam Boyd Stadium to evaluate whether it could serve as a temporary home for the team . </P> <P> On April 28 , 2016 , Davis said he wanted to move the Raiders to Las Vegas and pledged $500 million toward the construction of the proposed $2.4 - billion domed stadium . `` Together we can turn the Silver State into the silver and black state , '' Davis said . </P> <P> In the spring of 2016 , the board of directors of Las Vegas Sands rejected Adelson 's stadium proposal . Adelson decided to move ahead with the stadium as an individual investment , pledging $650 million of his personal wealth to the project . </P> <P> The viability of the Tropicana Avenue site was called into serious question in June 2016 , when Southwest Airlines objected to the location because its proximity to the northern end of one of McCarran Airport 's runways could negatively affect the safety and capacity of air traffic at the airport . The list of potential locations soon expanded to nine candidates , including the sites of the Wild Wild West casino , the Wynn golf course , the Riviera casino , the Las Vegas Festival Grounds , and Cashman Center . By September , the list was narrowed to two possibilities : the Bali Hai Golf Club , south of Mandalay Bay , and a vacant lot on Russell Road , just west of Interstate 15 . </P> <P> On August 25 , 2016 , the Raiders filed a trademark application for `` Las Vegas Raiders '' on the same day renderings of a proposed stadium design were released . On September 15 , 2016 , the Southern Nevada Tourism Infrastructure Committee unanimously voted to recommend and approve $750 million for the Las Vegas stadium plan . </P> <P> Majestic Realty revealed in October 2016 that it had withdrawn from the stadium project . </P> <P> Sandoval called a special session of the Nevada Legislature to consider the stadium and other tourism - related proposals in October 2016 . The funding bill for the stadium was approved by a 16 -- 5 vote in the Senate and by 28 -- 13 in the Assembly , and was signed into law by Sandoval on October 17 . The bill allowed Clark County to increase its hotel tax to raise the $750 million in funding . </P> <H3> 2017 ( edit ) </H3> 2015 view of the stadium site , adjacent to Mandalay Bay and Interstate 15 <P> The Raiders filed relocation papers on January 19 to move from Oakland to Las Vegas . On January 26 , 2017 , the Raiders submitted a proposed lease agreement for the stadium . It was reported that the Raiders had selected the Russell Road site as the stadium location , the team would pay one dollar in rent , and that they could control the naming rights for both the stadium and plaza and in addition keep signage sponsorship revenue . </P> <P> Days after the Raiders ' announced proposal , Adelson dropped out of the stadium project , pulling his proposed $650 million contribution Shortly after this announcement , Goldman Sachs , which had planned to finance part of the project , withdrew as well . As a result , the Raiders were expected to increase their contribution from $500 million to $1.15 billion . </P> <P> On March 6 , the Raiders revealed Bank of America would lend $650 million to replace the Adelson portion of the funding . </P> <P> NFL owners voted to approve the move by a margin of 31 to 1 on March 27 . The next day , the Raiders and the Las Vegas Stadium Authority began accepting deposits for season tickets for the new stadium . The Raiders announced that they planned to remain in Oakland until the stadium was complete . </P> <P> The Raiders closed the purchase of the land for the stadium at the Russell Road site on May 1 . The purchase price was reported at $77.5 million . On May 11 , it was announced that in a joint venture Mortenson Construction and McCarthy Construction would be the developers for the stadium . Mortenson previously worked on U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis . The stadium authority approved a stadium lease with the Raiders on May 18 . The lease was to be for 30 years with four successive extension options of five years each . </P> <P> On September 18 , construction activity began on the stadium site with site preparation . A groundbreaking ceremony was held on November 13 . The ceremony featured NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell , Raiders owner Mark Davis , his mother Carol Davis , various Raiders legends including Howie Long , Jim Plunkett , Tom Flores , and Ray Guy , Las Vegas and Nevada politicians such as Governor Brian Sandoval , Las Vegas Mayor Carolyn Goodman , Clark County Commissioner Steve Sisolak and stadium authority head Steve Hill . The event was hosted by George Lopez and included other celebrities like Carlos Santana , longtime Vegas icon Wayne Newton , and Howie D and Nick Carter of the Backstreet Boys . There was also a tribute to the victims of the 2017 Las Vegas shooting that happened nearby with Judith Hill and the Las Vegas House of Blues Gospel Choir performing ' Rise up ' while 58 beams of light symbolizing the 58 victims were lit . </P> <H3> 2018 ( edit ) </H3> <P> In January , construction crews began blasting caliche rock with dynamite to excavate and create the stadium bowl . On February 3 , the Raiders opened a 7,500 - square - foot stadium preview center at Town Square , located a few miles from the stadium site , featuring interactive exhibits and team memorabilia , with plans for simulations of views from individual seats and a large - scale stadium model . </P> <H2> Financing ( edit ) </H2> <P> The budget for development of the stadium is estimated at $1.8 billion . Of this , $78 million was spent to purchase the land , $1.33 billion is estimated to be spent on construction , $123 million on furniture , fixtures , and equipment , $234 million on design and engineering , and $31 million on utilities and infrastructure . Some reports gave a budget of $1.9 billion , which also included $100 million to build a separate Raiders practice facility . </P> <P> The financing for the project is expected to come in the form of $750 million in public funding and $1.1 billion from the Raiders . The public portion of the funding will come from municipal bonds issued by Clark County , backed by the proceeds of a special tax on hotel rooms in the Las Vegas area , which took effect in March 2017 . The Raiders ' contribution was expected to include a $650 million loan from Bank of America , $200 million from the NFL 's stadium loan program , and $300 million from sales of personal seat licenses at the stadium , naming rights for the stadium , and sponsorships . </P> <P> Local government can not receive any rent or revenue sharing from the stadium , because such an arrangement would not be compatible with the tax - exempt status of the bonds . Proponents instead argued that the public

The new stadium in Las Vegas is being built

Where is the new stadium being built in las vegas?

-7252505728116748782

Brain size - wikipedia <H1> Brain size </H1> Jump to : navigation , search <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article needs attention from an expert in biology . Please add a reason or a talk parameter to this template to explain the issue with the article . WikiProject Biology may be able to help recruit an expert . ( September 2009 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> Brain size and morphology varies considerably between different species . <P> The size of the brain is a frequent topic of study within the fields of anatomy and evolution . Brain size can be measured by weight or by volume ( via MRI scans or by skull volume ) . The relationship between brain size and intelligence is frequently a topic of research . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Humans <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Changes over time </Li> <Li> 1.2 Biogeographic variation </Li> <Li> 1.3 Changes over the lifespan </Li> <Li> 1.4 Sex </Li> <Li> 1.5 Race </Li> <Li> 1.6 Genetic contribution </Li> <Li> 1.7 Intelligence </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Other animals </Li> <Li> 3 Cranial capacity </Li> <Li> 4 See also </Li> <Li> 5 Notes </Li> <Li> 6 References </Li> <Li> 7 Further reading </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Humans ( edit ) </H2> <P> Studies on human brain size , largely based on participants of European ancestry , tend to find an average adult brain volume of 1260 cubic centimeters ( cm ) for men and 1130 cm for women . There is , however , substantial variation between individuals ; one study of 46 adults , aged 22 -- 49 years and of mainly European descent , found an average brain volume of 1273.6 cm for men , with a range of 1052.9 to 1498.5 cm , and 1131.1 cm for women , with a range of 974.9 to 1398.1 cm . </P> <P> The right cerebral hemisphere is typically larger than the left , whereas the cerebellar hemispheres are typically closer in size . The adult human brain weighs on average about 1.5 kg ( 3.3 lb ) . The average weight is about 1370 g in men and about 1200 g in women . </P> <H3> Changes over Time ( edit ) </H3> <P> Brain size has increased considerably over the course of humans ' recent evolutionary history . Homo erectus , a relative of humans , had a brain size of 1,100 cm . Homo floresiensis , with a brain size of 380 cm . Neanderthals had a slightly larger brain than modern humans , perhaps due to larger visual systems . </P> <P> Some studies suggest that the average brain size has been decreasing over the past 28,000 years . Others suggest that the cranial capacity for males is unchanged , but that the cranial capacity of females has increased . </P> <H3> Biogeographic variation ( edit ) </H3> Average cranial volume by geographic ancestry ( Beals et al. 1984 ) <P> Average cranial capacity in humans varies significantly depending on geographic ancestry in humans , in the range of 1,200 to 1,450 cm between populations . Larger cranial volume is associated with climatic region , the largest averages being found in populations of Siberia and the Arctic . For this reason , Beals et al. ( 1984 ) proposed that the primary reason for the variation is climatic adaptation , favoring large round heads in colder climates because they conserve heat and slender heads in warm climates closer to the equator ( see Bergmann 's rule and Allen 's rule ) . </P> <H3> Changes over the lifespan ( edit ) </H3> <P> A baby 's brain at birth averages 369 cm and increases during the first year of life to about 961 cm , after which the growth rate declines . Brain volume peaks at the age of 40 years , after which it begins to decline by 5 % per decade , speeding up at around 70 years . Total cerebral and gray matter volumes peak between 10 and 20 years ( earlier in girls than in boys ) of age , whereas white matter and ventricular volumes increase . There is a general pattern in which neural development peaks in childhood and declines in adolescence , a process known as synaptic pruning . Overall white matter volume does not appear to decline with age , although there is variation among brain regions . </P> <H3> Sex ( edit ) </H3> Average brain weight for males and females over lifespan . From the study Changes in brain weights during the span of human life . <P> The average brain weight in adult males is 1,345 grams ; in adult females , 1,222 grams . Males have been found to have , on average , greater cerebral , cerebellar , and cerebral cortical lobar volumes , except possibly left parietal . </P> <P> When covaried for intracranial volume , height , and weight , one study found that women have a higher percentage of gray matter , whereas men have a higher percentage of white matter and cerebrospinal fluid . There was high variability among individuals , however . Yaki ( 2011 ) found no statistically significant gender differences in the gray matter ratio for most ages in a sample of 758 women and 702 men aged 20 -- 69 . </P> <P> Consistent with findings in adults , average cerebral volume is approximately 10 % larger in boys than in girls . However , such differences should not be construed as imparting any sort of functional advantage or disadvantage ; gross structural measures may not reflect functionally relevant factors such as neuronal connectivity and receptor density . Moreover , brain volumes , even in narrowly defined groups ( e.g. children of the same age ) , may vary by as much as 50 % . Young girls have , on average , larger hippocampi , whereas young boys have larger amygdalas . </P> <P> Significant dynamic changes in brain structure take place throughout adulthood , with substantial variation between individuals . In later decades , men show greater volume loss in whole brain volume and in the frontal lobes , and temporal lobes , whereas in women there is increased volume loss in the hippocampi and parietal lobes . Men show a steeper decline in global gray matter volume , although in both sexes it varies by region with some areas exhibiting little or no age effect . </P> <H3> Race ( edit ) </H3> See also : Race and intelligence <P> In the 19th century , American anthropologist Samuel George Morton reported that whites had the greatest average cranial capacity , followed , in descending order , by Native Americans and blacks . Stephen Jay Gould argued in 1978 and in his subsequent book the Mismeasure of Man that Morton unconsciously misrepresented his data and that when it was properly interpreted , it showed no significant racial differences in cranial capacity . This claim was criticized in a 2011 paper , which concluded that Morton did not manipulate his results , unconsciously or otherwise . This paper has , in turn , been criticized for making unwarranted conclusions as to whether Gould 's claims of bias were correct or not . </P> <P> J. Philippe Rushton published multiple studies in the 1980s to 2000s claiming that average brain size was lowest in blacks ( Negroids ) and highest in East Asians ( Mongoloids ) , with whites ( Caucasoids ) in between the two . His work in this area has been criticized for relying on flawed studies , for failing to consider explanations other than genetics for the observed differences , and for ignoring other studies with contradictory conclusions . Nathan Brody has also argued that the evidence regarding racial differences in brain size is not conclusive , and that , even if one accepts it , this difference does not support a genetic hypothesis regarding racial differences in intelligence . Critics of the hereditarian position also note that the difference in mean brain size between blacks and whites is smaller than 1 standard deviation and is insufficient to explain the vast majority of the black - white IQ gap . </P> <H3> Genetic contribution ( edit ) </H3> <P> Adult twin studies indicate that heritability of overall brain size in adulthood is high ( between 66 % and 97 % ) . Infant brain volumes are also highly heritable , with heritability of total brain volume in neonates of around . 8 -. 9 . </P> <P> Heritability varies regionally within the brain , with high heritabilities of frontal lobe volumes ( 90 - 95 % ) , moderate estimates in the hippocampi ( 40 - 69 % ) , and environmental factors influencing several medial brain areas . In addition , lateral ventricle volume appears to be mainly explained by environmental factors , suggesting such factors also play a role in the surrounding brain tissue . </P> <P> Early studies yielded suggestive candidate genes . Much larger genome - wide studies have now yielded highly replicable associations for at least 8 genes linked to cortical and subcortical brain volume in a study of over 32,000 humans . </P> <H3> Intelligence ( edit ) </H3> See also : Neuroscience and intelligence § Brain size <P> Studies demonstrate a correlation between brain size and intelligence , with larger brains predicting higher intelligence . It is however not clear if the correlation is causal . The majority of MRI studies report moderate correlations around 0.3 to 0.4 between brain volume and intelligence . In healthy adults , the correlation of total brain volume and IQ is ~ 0.4 The correlation appears to be related to the known small correlation of height with intelligence , which can be explained almost entirely by greater brain volume . </P> <P> Studies have sought particular regions that are more correlated with IQ than whole - brain volume . While consistent associations are observed within the frontal , temporal , and parietal lobes , the hippocampus , and the cerebellum , unique variation in these regions account for a relatively small amount of variance in IQ . The search for specific brain regions that correlate highly with cognitive measures designed to be specific has not yielded clear results . </P> <P> There may be sex differences in the volume - IQ association . Some evidence suggests that while IQ correlates equally with frontal lobe volume , it may correlate more with parietal lobe volumes in men and with Broca 's area in women , corresponding to spatial versus language specializations . </P> <P> Small studies have attempted to link brain volume with functional measures such as P300 auditory evoked potentials but finding no association . Studies attempting to related sibling differences in IQ to differences in brain volume are hampered by relatively small sample sizes and the noisy nature of such difference scores , yielding weak evidence for cross-trait cross-sib correlations . </P> <H2> Other animals ( edit ) </H2> <P> The largest brains are those of sperm whales , weighing about 8 kg ( 18 lb ) , and killer whales , weighing about 12 -- 15 lb ( 5.4 -- 6.8 kg ) . An elephant 's brain weighs just over 5 kg ( 11 lb ) and a bottlenose dolphin 's 1.5 to 1.7 kg ( 3.3 to 3.7 lb ) . </P> <P> Brain size tends to vary according to body size . The relationship is not proportional , however ; the brain - to - body mass ratio varies . The largest ratio found is in the shrew . Averaging brain weight across all orders of mammals , it follows a power law , with an exponent of about 0.75 . This power law formula applies to the `` average '' brain of mammals taken as a whole , but each family ( cats , rodents , primates , etc . ) departs from it to some degree , in a way that generally reflects the overall `` sophistication '' of behavior . Primates , for a given body size , have brains 5

The approximate volume of the brain is an

What is the approximate volume of the brain?

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the judge 's sympathies for Tom , Bob Ewell breaks into the judge 's house while the judge 's wife is at church . After the trial , Miss Maudie points out to the children that the judge had tried to help Tom by appointing Atticus to the case instead of Maxwell Green , the new , untried lawyer who usually received court - appointed cases . Judge Taylor knew that Atticus was the only man who would stand a chance at acquitting Tom , or at least would be able to keep the jury thinking for more than just a few minutes . By doing this , Judge Taylor was not giving in or supporting racism . He is portrayed in the film by Paul Fix . </P> <H3> Miss Maudie Atkinson ( edit ) </H3> <P> Miss Maude `` Maudie '' Atkinson lives across the street from the Finch family . She had known the Finches for many years , having been brought up on the Buford place , which was near the Finches ' ancestral home , Finch 's Landing . She is described as a woman of about 50 who enjoys baking and gardening ; her cakes are especially held in high regard . However , she is frequently harassed by devout `` Foot - Washing Baptists '' , who tell her that her enjoyment of gardening is a sin . The Foot - Washing Baptists also believe that women are a sin as well . Miss Maudie befriends Scout and Jem and tells them stories about Atticus as a boy . It is strongly implied that she and Atticus have a more than platonic relationship . Also , she is one of the few adults that Jem and Scout hold in high regard and respect . She does not act condescendingly towards them , even though they are young children . During the course of the novel , her house burns down ; however , she shows remarkable courage throughout this ( even saying that she wanted to burn it down herself to make more room for her flowers ) . She is not prejudiced , though she talks caustically to Miss Stephanie Crawford , unlike many of her Southern neighbors , and teaches Scout important lessons about racism and human nature . It is important to note that Miss Maudie fully explains that `` it is a sin to kill a mockingbird '' , whereas Atticus Finch initially brings up the subject but does n't go into depth . When Jem gets older , and does n't want to be bothered by Scout , Miss Maudie keeps her from getting angry . Maudie is played by Rosemary Murphy in the film . She is a very kind and sweet innocent friendly neighbor . </P> <H3> Bob Ewell ( edit ) </H3> <P> Robert E. Lee `` Bob '' Ewell is the main antagonist of To Kill a Mockingbird . He has a daughter named Mayella and a younger son named Burris , as well as six other unnamed children . He is an alcoholic , poaching game to feed his family because he spends whatever money they legally gain via government `` relief checks '' on alcohol . It is implied , and evidence suggests , that he was the one who abused his daughter Mayella , not Tom Robinson ( the African American man accused of doing so ) . Although most everybody in town knows that the Ewells are a disgrace and not to be trusted , it is made clear that Tom Robinson was convicted because he is a Negro whose accuser is white . Upon hearing of Tom 's death , Bob is absolutely gleeful , gloating about his success . After being humiliated at the trial , however , he goes on a quest for revenge , becoming increasingly violent . He begins by spitting in Atticus ' face , followed by a failed attempt to break into the home of Judge Taylor , then finally menacing Helen , the poor widow of Tom Robinson . Ewell later attempts to murder Jem and Scout Finch with a knife to complete his revenge . Boo Radley saves Jem and Scout and it is believed that he kills Ewell with the knife . Heck Tate , the sheriff , puts in the official report that Bob Ewell fell on his own knife and died after lying under a tree for 45 minutes . Ewell is played by James Anderson in the film . </P> <H3> Mayella Ewell ( edit ) </H3> <P> Mayella Violet Ewell , 19 , is the oldest of the eight Ewell children . Before the trial , Mayella is noted for growing red geraniums outside her otherwise dirty home in order to bring some beauty into her life . Due to her family 's living situation , Mayella has no opportunity for human contact or love . She eventually gets so desperate that she attempts to seduce a black man , Tom Robinson , by saving up nickels to send her siblings to go get ice cream so that Mayella can be alone with Tom . Her father sees this through a window and in punishment he beats her . Ewell then finds the sheriff , Heck Tate , and tells him that his daughter has been raped and beaten by Tom . At the trial , Atticus points out that only the right side of Mayella 's face is injured , suggesting a left - handed assailant ; Tom 's left arm is mangled and useless , but Bob Ewell is left - handed . When Atticus asks her if she has any friends , she becomes confused because she does not know what a friend is . During her testimony she is confused by Atticus ' polite speech and thinks that his use of `` Miss Mayella '' is meant to mock her . She testifies against Tom Robinson . Mayella is played by Collin Wilcox in the film . </P> <H3> Tom Robinson ( edit ) </H3> <P> Thomas `` Tom '' Robinson is an African - American who is put on trial for the rape of a white woman , Mayella Ewell . Atticus is assigned to defend him , and stands up to a lynch mob intent on exacting their own justice against him before the trial begins . Tom 's left arm is crippled and useless , the result of an accident with a cotton gin when he was a child . Atticus uses this fact as the cornerstone of his defense strategy , pointing out that the nature of Mayella 's facial injuries strongly suggest a left - handed assailant . Tom testifies that he had frequently helped Mayella with household chores because he felt sorry for her and the family 's difficult life - a statement that shocks the all - white , male jury . Despite Atticus ' skilled defense , the jury 's racial prejudices lead them to find Tom guilty . Atticus plans to appeal the verdict , but before he can do so , Tom is shot and killed while trying to escape the prison where he is being held . Tom Robinson is played by Brock Peters . </P> <H3> Aunt Alexandra ( edit ) </H3> <P> Alexandra Hancock ( née Finch ) is Atticus ' and Jack 's sister , married to James `` Uncle Jimmy '' Hancock . She has a son named Henry and a very spoiled grandson named Francis . Around the middle of the book , Aunt Alexandra decides to leave her husband at Finch 's Landing , the Finch family homestead to come stay with the Finches . Aunt Alexandra does n't consider the black Calpurnia to be a very good motherly figure for Jem and Scout ; she disapproves of Scout being a tomboy and wants to make Scout into a southern belle ( encouraging her to act more ' lady like ' ) . This is the cause of many conflicts between Scout and Alexandra throughout the course of the novel . However , as the trial progresses , Scout comes to see how much her aunt cares for her father and what a strong woman she is . This is especially evidenced by a tea party when Scout is horrified by the racism displayed , and her aunt and Miss Maudie help her deal with her feelings . By the end of the book , it 's clear that Alexandra cares very much for her niece and nephew , though she and Scout will probably never really get along . </P> <H2> Minor characters ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Jack Finch ( edit ) </H3> <P> John Hale `` Jack '' Finch is Atticus ' and Alexandra 's younger brother . ( He is about 40 , which is 10 years younger than Atticus . ) Jack smells like alcohol and something sweet , and is said that he and Alexandra have similar features . Jack is a childless doctor who can always make Scout and Jem laugh , and they adore him . He and Miss Maudie are close to the same age ; he frequently teases her with marriage proposals , which she always declines . Jack also has a pet cat named Rose Aylmer , who is mentioned during the Christmas visit . </P> <H3> Francis Hancock ( edit ) </H3> <P> Francis Hancock is the spoiled grandson of Aunt Alexandra . ( The son of her son , Henry Hancock . ) Every Christmas , Henry and his wife drop Francis at Finch 's Landing , which is the only time Scout and Jem see him . Francis lives in Mobile , Alabama , and is a bit of a tattle - tale . He gets along well with Jem , but often spars with Scout . One Christmas , Francis calls Atticus a `` n * * * * * - lover , '' as well as insisting that he was ruining the family and the likes , which infuriates Scout and causes them to get into a fight . Francis lies about his role in it , telling Uncle Jack that Scout started it by calling him a `` whore lady '' , and Jack therefore punishes Scout . However , she explains the full story and charitably persuades her uncle not to punish Francis about it , but to let Atticus think they had been fighting about something else ( although Atticus later discovers the truth ) . </P> <H3> Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose ( edit ) </H3> <P> Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose is an elderly woman who lives near the Finches . She is hated by the children , who run by her house to avoid her . Scout describes Mrs. Dubose as `` plain hell . '' A virulent racist , she calls Atticus a `` nigger - lover '' to his children 's faces , and Jem flies into a rage and ravages Mrs. Dubose 's camellia bushes . As a punishment , Jem is required to read to Mrs. Dubose each day for a month . As Jem reads , she experiences a fit of drooling and twitching and does not seem to pay any attention to the words . When an alarm rings , Jem is allowed to leave for the day . She extends the punishment for one extra week and dies shortly after letting Jem go for the last time . Atticus informs him that Mrs. Dubose was terminally ill and had become addicted to morphine . By reading to her , Jem had distracted her so that she could break the addiction . In thanks , she leaves him a candy box with a camellia flower in it ; Jem burns the box in anger , but is later seen by Scout admiring the flower . Atticus tells Jem that Mrs. Dubose was the bravest person he ever knew , and she was trying to teach Jem the importance of bravery and true courage to endure anything when the situation is hopeless , as in her morphine addiction

The black man falsely accused of raping a white woman in Harper Lee's novel "To Kill a Mockingbird" is

Name of black man in to kill a mockingbird?

2921083046057632317

Epithelium - wikipedia <H1> Epithelium </H1> Jump to : navigation , search This article is about epithelium in animal anatomy . For the fungal structure of the same name , see Pileipellis . <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Epithelium </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Types of epithelium </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Pronunciation </Th> <Td> epi - + thele + - ium </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Identifiers </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> MeSH </Th> <Td> D004848 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> TH </Th> <Td> H2. 00.02. 0.00002 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> FMA </Th> <Td> 9639 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> Anatomical terms of microanatomy ( edit on Wikidata ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Td> This article is one of a series on </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Epithelia </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Squamous epithelial cell </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Simple </Li> <Li> Stratified </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Columnar epithelial cell </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Simple </Li> <Li> Stratified </Li> <Li> Pseudostratified </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Cuboidal epithelial cell </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Simple </Li> <Li> Stratified </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Specialised epithelia </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Olfactory </Li> <Li> Respiratory </Li> <Li> Intestinal </Li> <Li> Transitional </Li> <Li> Vaginal </Li> <Li> Germinal <Ul> <Li> female </Li> <Li> male </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Other </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> Table of epithelia of human organs </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> <Ul> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> <Li> </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> Epithelium ( / ˌɛpɪˈθiːliəm / ) is one of the four basic types of animal tissue , along with connective tissue , muscle tissue and nervous tissue . Epithelial tissues line the outer surfaces of organs and blood vessels throughout the body , as well as the inner surfaces of cavities in many internal organs . An example is the epidermis , the outermost layer of the skin . </P> <P> There are three principal shapes of epithelial cell : squamous , columnar , and cuboidal . These can be arranged in a single layer of cells as simple epithelium , either squamous , columnar , cuboidal , pseudo-stratified columnar or in layers of two or more cells deep as stratified ( layered ) , either squamous , columnar or cuboidal . All glands are made up of epithelial cells . Functions of epithelial cells include secretion , selective absorption , protection , transcellular transport , and sensing . </P> <P> Epithelial layers contain no blood vessels , so they must receive nourishment via diffusion of substances from the underlying connective tissue , through the basement membrane . Cell junctions are well - employed in epithelial tissues . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Classification <Ul> <Li> 1.1 Simple epithelium </Li> <Li> 1.2 Stratified epithelium </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Cell types </Li> <Li> 3 Structure <Ul> <Li> 3.1 Location </Li> <Li> 3.2 Basement membrane </Li> <Li> 3.3 Cell junctions </Li> <Li> 3.4 Development </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Functions <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Glandular tissue </Li> <Li> 4.2 Sensing the extracellular environment </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Clinical significance </Li> <Li> 6 Etymology and pronunciation </Li> <Li> 7 Additional images </Li> <Li> 8 See also </Li> <Li> 9 References <Ul> <Li> 9.1 Bibliography </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 10 Further reading </Li> <Li> 11 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Classification ( edit ) </H2> Summary showing different epithelial cells / tissues and their characteristics . <P> In general , epithelial tissues are classified by the number of their layers and by the shape and function of the cells . </P> <P> The three principal shapes associated with epithelial cells are -- squamous , cuboidal and columnar . </P> <Ul> <Li> Squamous epithelium has cells that are wider than their height ( flat and scale - like ) . </Li> <Li> Cuboidal epithelium has cells whose height and width are approximately the same ( cube shaped ) . </Li> <Li> Columnar epithelium has cells taller than they are wide ( column - shaped ) . </Li> </Ul> <P> By layer , epithelium is classed as either simple epithelium , only one cell thick ( unilayered ) or stratified epithelium as stratified squamous epithelium , stratified cuboidal epithelium , and stratified columnar epithelium that are two or more cells thick ( multi-layered ) , and both types of layering can be made up of any of the cell shapes . However , when taller simple columnar epithelial cells are viewed in cross section showing several nuclei appearing at different heights , they can be confused with stratified epithelia . This kind of epithelium is therefore described as pseudostratified columnar epithelium . </P> <P> Transitional epithelium has cells that can change from squamous to cuboidal , depending on the amount of tension on the epithelium . </P> <H3> Simple epithelium ( edit ) </H3> <P> Simple epithelium is a single layer of cells with every cell in direct contact with the basement membrane that separates it from the underlying connective tissue . In general , it is found where absorption and filtration occur . The thinness of the epithelial barrier facilitates these processes . </P> <P> In general , simple epithelial tissues are classified by the shape of their cells . The four major classes of simple epithelium are : ( 1 ) simple squamous ; ( 2 ) simple cuboidal ; ( 3 ) simple columnar ; ( 4 ) pseudostratified . </P> <Dl> <Dd> ( 1 ) simple squamous ; which is found lining areas where passive diffusion of gases occur . e.g. skin , walls of capillaries , linings of the pericardial , pleural , and peritoneal cavities , as well as the linings of the alveoli of the lungs . </Dd> <Dd> ( 2 ) simple cuboidal : these cells may have secretory , absorptive , or excretory functions . examples include small collecting ducts of kidney , pancreas , and salivary gland . </Dd> <Dd> ( 3 ) simple columnar ; cells can be secretory , absorptive , or excretory ; Simple columnar epithelium can be ciliated or non-ciliated ; ciliated columnar is found in the female reproductive tract and uterus . Non-ciliated epithelium can also possess microvilli . </Dd> <Dd> ( 4 ) pseudostratified columnar epithelium ; can be ciliated or non-ciliated . The ciliated type is also called respiratory epithelium as it is almost exclusively confined to the larger respiratory airways of the nasal cavity , trachea and bronchi . </Dd> </Dl> <H3> Stratified epithelium ( edit ) </H3> <P> Stratified epithelium differs from simple epithelium in that it is multilayered . It is therefore found where body linings have to withstand mechanical or chemical insult such that layers can be abraded and lost without exposing subepithelial layers . Cells flatten as the layers become more apical , though in their most basal layers the cells can be squamous , cuboidal or columnar . </P> <P> Stratified epithelia ( of columnar , cuboidal or squamous type ) can have the following specializations : </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Specialization </Th> <Th> Description </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Keratinized </Td> <Td> In this particular case , the most apical layers ( exterior ) of cells are dead and lose their nucleus and cytoplasm , instead contain a tough , resistant protein called keratin . This specialization makes the epithelium waterproof , so is found in the mammalian skin . The lining of the esophagus is an example of a non-keratinized or `` moist '' stratified epithelium . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Parakeratinized </Td> <Td> In this case , the most apical layers of cells are filled with keratin , but they still retain their nuclei . These nuclei are pyknotic , meaning that they are highly condensed . Parakeratinized epithelium is sometimes found in the oral mucosa and in the upper regions of the esophagus . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Transitional </Td> <Td> Transitional epithelia are found in tissues that stretch and it can appear to be stratified cuboidal when the tissue is relaxed , or stratified squamous when the organ is distended and the tissue stretches . It is sometimes called urothelium since it is almost exclusively found in the bladder , ureters and urethra . </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> Cell types ( edit ) </H2> <P> The basic cell types are squamous , cuboidal , and columnar classed by their shape . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Type </Th> <Th> Description </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Squamous </Td> <Td> Squamous cells have the appearance of thin , flat plates that can look polygonal when viewed from above . Their name comes from squāma , Latin for scale -- as on fish or snake skin . The cells fit closely together in tissues ; providing a smooth , low - friction surface over which fluids can move easily . The shape of the nucleus usually corresponds to the cell form and helps to identify the type of epithelium . Squamous cells tend to have horizontally flattened , nearly oval shaped nuclei because of the thin flattened form of the cell . Squamous epithelium is found lining surfaces such as the skin , and alveoli in the lung , enabling simple passive diffusion as also found in the alveolar epithelium in the lungs . Specialized squamous epithelium also forms the lining of cavities such as in blood vessels , as endothelium and in the pericardium , as mesothelium and in other body cavities . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cuboidal </Td> <Td> Cuboidal epithelial cells have a cube - like shape and appear square in cross-section . The cell nucleus is large , spherical and is in the centre of the cell . Cuboidal epithelium is commonly found in secretive tissue such as the exocrine glands , or in absorptive tissue such as the pancreas , the lining of the kidney tubules as well as in the ducts of the glands . The germinal epithelium that covers the female ovary , and the germinal epithelium that lines the walls of the seminferous tubules in the testes are also of the cuboidal type . Cuboidal cells provide protection and may be active in pumping material in or out of the lumen , or passive depending on their location and specialisation . Simple cuboidal epithelium commonly differentiates to form the secretory and duct portions of glands . Stratified cuboidal epithelium protects areas such as the ducts of sweat glands , mammary glands , and salivary glands . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Columnar </Td> <Td> Columnar epithelial cells are elongated and column - shaped and have a height of at least four times their width . Their nuclei are elongated and are usually located near the base of the cells . Columnar epithelium forms the lining of the stomach and intestines . The cells here may possess microvilli for maximising the surface area for absorption and these microvilli may form a brush border . Other cells may be ciliated to move mucus in the function of mucociliary clearance . Other ciliated cells are found in the fallopian tubes , the uterus and central canal of the spinal cord . Some columnar cells are specialized for sensory reception such as in the nose , ears and the taste buds . Hair cells in the inner ears have stereocilia which are similar to microvilli . Goblet cells are modified columnar cells and are found between the columnar epithelial cells of the duodenum . They secrete mucus , which acts as a lubricant . Single - layered non-ciliated columnar epithelium tends to indicate an absorptive function . Stratified columnar epithelium is rare but is found in lobar ducts in the salivary glands , the eye , pharynx and sex organs . This consists of a layer of cells resting on at least one other layer of epithelial cells which can be squamous , cuboidal , or columnar . </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Pseudostratified </Td> <Td> These are simple columnar epithelial cells whose nuclei appear at different heights , giving the misleading ( hence `` pseudo '' ) impression that the epithelium is stratified when the cells are viewed in cross section . Ciliated pseudostratified epithelial

The innermost layer of cells is composed of the tissue type known as

Name the tissue type of the inner most layer of cells?

-3501594713650916557

'' ( `` United States Frigate '' ) for frigates of the United States Navy , that were eliminated by President Theodore Roosevelt 's Executive order of 1907 making `` United States Ship '' ( USS ) the standard for the Navy 's commissioned ships while in commission . In the United States Navy that prefix officially only applies while the ship is in active commission , with only the name used before or after a period of commission and for all vessels `` in service '' rather than commissioned status . Today the common practice is to use a single prefix for all warships of a nation 's navy , and other prefixes for auxiliaries and ships of allied services , such as coast guards . </P> <P> The use of ship prefixes is not universal ; in particular neither the German Kriegsmarine nor the Imperial Japanese Navy used ship prefixes . Some English - language writers use prefixes like `` DKM '' ( for `` Deutsche Kriegsmarine '' ) and `` HIJMS '' ( for `` His Imperial Japanese Majesty 's Ship '' ) or `` IJN '' ( for `` Imperial Japanese Navy '' , a translation of 大 日本 帝国 海軍 dai - nippon teikoku kaigun ) for consistency with `` HMS '' and `` USS '' . Other writers follow the practice of the navy and omit any prefix . </P> <P> From the 20th century onwards , most navies identify ships by hull numbers ( pennant numbers ) -- identification codes typically painted on the side of the ship . Each navy has its own system : the United States Navy uses hull classification symbols , and the Royal Navy and other navies of Europe and the Commonwealth use pennant numbers . </P> <P> These tables list both current and historical prefixes known to have been used . </P> <P> </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 Generic ( merchant navy ) prefixes </Li> <Li> 2 National or military prefixes <Ul> <Li> 2.1 Prefix conventions </Li> <Li> 2.2 ' Empire ' ship prefix </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 3 In science fiction </Li> <Li> 4 References <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Notes </Li> <Li> 4.2 Sources </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 External links </Li> </Ul> <P> </P> <H2> Generic ( merchant Navy ) prefixes ( edit ) </H2> AHTS Balder Viking FPSO Noble Seillean <P> These prefixes are generally used for merchant vessels of any nationality . </P> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Prefix </Th> <Th> Meaning </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AE </Td> <Td> Ammunition ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AFS </Td> <Td> Combat stores ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AHT </Td> <Td> Anchor Handling Tug </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AHTS </Td> <Td> Anchor Handling Tug Supply vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AO </Td> <Td> United States Navy oiler </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AOG </Td> <Td> Gasoline tanker </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AOR </Td> <Td> Auxiliary , Replenishment Oiler </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> AOT </Td> <Td> Transport Oiler </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> ATB </Td> <Td> Articulated Tug Barge </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> CRV </Td> <Td> Coastal Research Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> C / F </Td> <Td> Car Ferry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> CS </Td> <Td> Cable Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DB </Td> <Td> Derrick Barge </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DEPV </Td> <Td> Diesel Electric Paddle Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DLB </Td> <Td> Derrick Lay Barge </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DCV </Td> <Td> Deepwater Construction Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DSV </Td> <Td> Diving Support Vessel / Deep Submergence Vehicle </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DV </Td> <Td> Dead vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> ERRV </Td> <Td> Emergency Response Rescue Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> FPSO </Td> <Td> Floating Production , Storage and Offloading Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> FPV </Td> <Td> Free Piston Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> FPV </Td> <Td> Fishery Protection Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> FT </Td> <Td> Factory Stern Trawler </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> FV </Td> <Td> Fishing Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> GTS </Td> <Td> Gas Turbine Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> HLV </Td> <Td> Heavy lift vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> HSC </Td> <Td> High Speed Craft </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> HSF </Td> <Td> High Speed Ferry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> HTV </Td> <Td> Heavy Transport Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> IRV </Td> <Td> International Research Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> ITB </Td> <Td> Integrated Tug barge </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> LB </Td> <Td> Liftboat </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> LNG / C </Td> <Td> Liquefied natural gas carrier </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> LPG / C </Td> <Td> Liquefied petroleum gas carrier </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MF </Td> <Td> Motor Ferry </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MFV </Td> <Td> Motor Fishing Vessel ( mainly UK Royal Naval Reserve ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MS ( M / S ) </Td> <Td> Motor Ship ( interchangeable with MV ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MSV </Td> <Td> Multipurpose support / supply vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MSY </Td> <Td> Motor Sailing Yacht </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MT </Td> <Td> Motor Tanker </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MTS </Td> <Td> Marine Towage and Salvage / Tugboat </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MV ( M / V ) </Td> <Td> Motor Vessel ( interchangeable with MS ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MY </Td> <Td> Motor Yacht </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> NB </Td> <Td> Narrowboat </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> NRV </Td> <Td> NATO Research Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> NS </Td> <Td> Nuclear Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> OSV </Td> <Td> Offshore supply vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> PS </Td> <Td> Paddle Steamer </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> PSV </Td> <Td> Platform Supply Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> QSMV </Td> <Td> Quadruple Screw Motor Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> QTEV </Td> <Td> Quadruple Turbo Electric Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> RMS </Td> <Td> Royal Mail Ship or Royal Mail Steamer </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> RNLB </Td> <Td> Royal National Lifeboat </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> RV / RSV </Td> <Td> Research Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SB </Td> <Td> Sailing Barge </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SS ( S / S ) </Td> <Td> Single - screw Steamship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SD </Td> <Td> Serco Denholm ( after the company which took over auxiliary maritime services for UK Naval Services in 2008 , now Serco Marine Services ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SSCV </Td> <Td> Semi-Submersible Crane Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SSS </Td> <Td> Sea Scout Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SSV </Td> <Td> Sailing School Vessel , Submarine and Special Warfare Support Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> ST </Td> <Td> Steam Tug or Steam Trawler </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> STS </Td> <Td> Sail Training Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> STV </Td> <Td> Sail Training Vessel or Steam Turbine Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SV ( S / V ) </Td> <Td> Sailing Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> SY </Td> <Td> Sailing Yacht or Steam Yacht </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TB </Td> <Td> Tug boat </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TEV </Td> <Td> Turbine Electric Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TIV </Td> <Td> Turbine Installation Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TrSS </Td> <Td> Triple - Screw Steamship or steamer </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TS </Td> <Td> Training Ship or Turbine Steamship or Turbine steam ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Tr. SMV </Td> <Td> Triple - Screw Motor Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TSMV </Td> <Td> Twin - Screw Motor Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TSS </Td> <Td> Twin - Screw Steamship or steamer </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TST </Td> <Td> Twin - Screw Tug </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> TV </Td> <Td> Training vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> YD </Td> <Td> Yard Derrick </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> YW </Td> <Td> Water Barge , self - propelled </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> YOS </Td> <Td> Concrete vessel </Td> </Tr> </Table> <H2> National or military prefixes ( edit ) </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Th> Country </Th> <Th> Service </Th> <Th> Prefix </Th> <Th> Meaning </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Argentina </Td> <Td> Argentine Navy </Td> <Td> ARA </Td> <Td> Navy of the Argentine Republic ( Spanish : Armada de la República Argentina ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Argentine Coast Guard </Td> <Td> GC </Td> <Td> Argentine Coast Guard Ship ( Spanish : Guardacostas ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Australia </Td> <Td> Royal Australian Navy </Td> <Td> HMAS </Td> <Td> His / Her Majesty 's Australian Ship / Submarine / Station </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> NUSHIP </Td> <Td> New Ship / Submarine ( Yet to be commissioned ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> ADV </Td> <Td> Australian Defence Vessel ( non-commissioned naval - operated ships ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> MSA </Td> <Td> Minesweeper Auxiliary </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Australian Customs and Border Protection Service </Td> <Td> ACV </Td> <Td> Australian Customs Vessel </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Australian Border Force </Td> <Td> ABFC </Td> <Td> Australian Border Force Cutter </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Australia ( pre-Federation ) </Td> <Td> Colonial navies of Australia </Td> <Td> HMCS </Td> <Td> His / Her Majesty 's Colonial Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> HMQS </Td> <Td> His / Her Majesty 's Queensland Ship ( Queensland Maritime Defence Force ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> HMVS </Td> <Td> His / Her Majesty 's Victorian Ship ( Victorian Naval Forces ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Austria - Hungary </Td> <Td> Austro - Hungarian Navy </Td> <Td> SMS </Td> <Td> Seiner Majestät Schiff ( English : His Majesty 's Ship ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bahamas </Td> <Td> Royal Bahamas Defence Force </Td> <Td> HMBS </Td> <Td> His / Her Majesty 's Bahamian Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bangladesh </Td> <Td> Bangladesh Coast Guard </Td> <Td> CGS </Td> <Td> Coast Guard Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Bangladesh Navy </Td> <Td> BNS </Td> <Td> Bangladesh Navy Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Barbados </Td> <Td> Barbados Defence Force </Td> <Td> HMBS </Td> <Td> His / Her Majesty 's Barbadian Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Belgium </Td> <Td> Belgian Navy </Td> <Td> BNS </Td> <Td> Belgium Naval Ship ( NATO prefix ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Brunei </Td> <Td> Royal Brunei Navy </Td> <Td> KDB </Td> <Td> Kapal Di - Raja Brunei -- Royal Brunei Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Burma </Td> <Td> Myanmar Navy </Td> <Td> UMS </Td> <Td> Myanmar Sit Yay Yin -- Union of Myanmar Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Canada </Td> <Td> Royal Canadian Navy , formerly Canadian Forces Maritime Command </Td> <Td> HMCS / NCSM </Td> <Td> His / Her Majesty 's Canadian Ship / Navire canadien de Sa Majesté ( French ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> CFAV / NAFC </Td> <Td> Canadian Forces Auxiliary Vessel / Navire auxiliaire des Forces canadiennes ( French ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Canadian Coast Guard </Td> <Td> CCGS / NGCC </Td> <Td> Canadian Coast Guard Ship / Navire de Garde côtière canadienne ( French ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> CCGC / CGCC </Td> <Td> Canadian Coast Guard Cutter / Cotre de Garde côtière canadienne ( French ) ( no longer used ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Department of Fisheries and Oceans , Department of Transport , and predecessor departments </Td> <Td> CGS </Td> <Td> Canadian Government Ship ( no longer used ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> CSS </Td> <Td> Canadian Survey Ship ( no longer used ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> DGS </Td> <Td> Dominion Government Ship ( no longer used ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Royal Canadian Sea Cadets </Td> <Td> SCTS / NECM </Td> <Td> Sea Cadet Training Ship / Navire école des cadets de la Marine ( French ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> China </Td> <Td> People 's Liberation Army Navy </Td> <Td> -- </Td> <Td> No official prefix ; some authors use `` CNS '' ( Chinese Navy Ship ) or `` PLANS '' ( People 's Liberation Army Navy Ship ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Colombia </Td> <Td> Armada Nacional </Td> <Td> ARC </Td> <Td> Armada de la República de Colombia </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Confederate States </Td> <Td> Confederate States Navy </Td> <Td> CSS </Td> <Td> Confederate States Ship </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Cook Islands </Td> <Td> Cook Islands Police </Td> <Td> CIPPB </Td> <Td> Cook Islands Police Patrol Boat </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td> Denmark </Td> <Td> Royal Danish Navy </Td> <Td> HDMS ( Danish : KDM )

On naval ships, "SS" stands for

What does ss stand for on naval ships?

-5195548509103840694

Democratic Party ( United States ) - Wikipedia <H1> Democratic Party ( United States ) </H1> Jump to : navigation , search political party in the United States `` Democrat Party ( United States ) '' redirects here . For the implied slur in that appellation , see Democrat Party ( epithet ) . <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably . Please consider splitting content into sub-articles , condensing it , or adding or removing subheadings. ( April 2018 ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> <Table> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Democratic Party </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Chairperson </Th> <Td> Tom Perez ( MD ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Secretary </Th> <Td> Jason Rae ( WI ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Deputy Chair </Th> <Td> Keith Ellison ( MN ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Senate leader </Th> <Td> Minority Leader Chuck Schumer ( NY ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> House leader </Th> <Td> Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi ( CA ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Chair of Governors Association </Th> <Td> Jay Inslee ( WA ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Founded </Th> <Td> January 8 , 1828 ; 190 years ago ( 1828 - 01 - 08 ) </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Preceded by </Th> <Td> Democratic - Republican Party </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Headquarters </Th> <Td> 430 South Capitol St. SE , Washington , D.C. , 20003 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Student wing </Th> <Td> College Democrats of America </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Youth wing </Th> <Td> Young Democrats of America </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Women 's wing </Th> <Td> National Federation of Democratic Women </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Overseas wing </Th> <Td> Democrats Abroad </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> LGBT wing </Th> <Td> Stonewall Democrats </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Membership ( 2017 ) </Th> <Td> 44,706,349 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Ideology </Th> <Td> Majority : Modern liberalism Social liberalism Factions : Centrism Conservatism Social democracy Left - wing populism Progressivism </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Colors </Th> <Td> Blue </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Seats in the Senate </Th> <Td> 47 / 100 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Seats in the House </Th> <Td> 193 / 435 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Governorships </Th> <Td> 16 / 50 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> State Upper House Seats </Th> <Td> 803 / 1,972 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> State Lower House Seats </Th> <Td> 2,335 / 5,411 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Territorial Governorships </Th> <Td> 2 / 6 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Territorial Upper Chamber Seats </Th> <Td> 31 / 97 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th> Territorial Lower Chamber Seats </Th> <Td> 0 / 91 </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Th colspan="2"> Website </Th> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> democrats.org </Td> </Tr> <Tr> <Td colspan="2"> <Ul> <Li> Politics of United States </Li> <Li> Political parties </Li> <Li> Elections </Li> </Ul> </Td> </Tr> </Table> <P> The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States , along with the Republican Party ( GOP ) . Tracing its heritage back to Thomas Jefferson and James Madison 's Democratic - Republican Party , the modern - day Democratic Party was founded around 1828 by supporters of Andrew Jackson , making it the world 's oldest political party . </P> <P> The Democrats ' dominant worldview was once social conservatism and economic liberalism while populism was its leading characteristic in the rural South . In 1912 , Theodore Roosevelt ran as a third - party candidate in the Progressive ( `` Bull Moose '' ) Party , leading to a switch of political platforms between the Democratic and Republican Party and Woodrow Wilson being elected as the first fiscally progressive Democrat . Since Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal coalition in the 1930s , the Democratic Party has also promoted a social liberal platform , supporting social justice . </P> <P> Today , the House Democratic caucus is composed mostly of centrists and progressives , with a smaller minority of conservative Democrats . The party 's philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality , along with the welfare state . It seeks to provide government intervention and regulation in the economy . These interventions , such as the introduction of social programs , support for labor unions , affordable college tuitions , moves toward universal health care and equal opportunity , consumer protection and environmental protection form the core of the party 's economic policy . The party has united with smaller liberal regional parties throughout the country , such as the Farmer -- Labor Party in Minnesota and the Nonpartisan League in North Dakota . </P> <P> Well into the 20th century , the party had conservative pro-business and Southern conservative - populist anti-business wings . The New Deal Coalition of 1932 -- 1964 attracted strong support from voters of recent European extraction -- many of whom were Catholics based in the cities . After Franklin D. Roosevelt 's New Deal of the 1930s , the pro-business wing withered outside the South . After the racial turmoil of the 1960s , most Southern whites and many Northern Catholics moved into the Republican Party at the presidential level . The once - powerful labor union element became smaller and less supportive after the 1970s . White Evangelicals and Southerners became heavily Republican at the state and local level in the 1990s . Racial and ethnic minorities in the United States , such as Jewish Americans , Hispanic Americans , Arabic Americans and African Americans , tend to support the Democratic Party much more than they support the rival Republican Party , giving the Democratic Party its current membership lead over the Republicans . </P> <P> 15 Democrats have served as President under 16 administrations : the first was 7th President Andrew Jackson , who served from 1829 to 1837 ; Grover Cleveland served two nonconsecutive terms from 1885 to 1889 and 1893 to 1897 ; and thus is counted twice ( as the 22nd and 24th President ) . The most recent was the 44th President Barack Obama , who held the office from 2009 to 2017 . </P> <P> Currently , the Democrats are the opposition party due to having the minority of seats in both the House of Representatives and the Senate as well as having the minority of governorships and state legislatures ( full control of 13 / 50 , split control of five others ) . However , they do have `` trifectas '' ( the executive branch and both chambers of the legislative branch ) in eight states and the mayoralty of major American cities such as New York City , Los Angeles , Chicago , Houston , Dallas , Phoenix , Philadelphia , San Francisco and Washington , D.C. </P> <H2> Contents </H2> ( hide ) <Ul> <Li> 1 History <Ul> <Li> 1.1 1828 -- 1860 </Li> <Li> 1.2 1860 -- 1900 </Li> <Li> 1.3 1900 -- 1930 </Li> <Li> 1.4 1930 -- 1960 </Li> <Li> 1.5 1960 -- 1980 </Li> <Li> 1.6 1980 -- present </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 2 Name and symbols </Li> <Li> 3 Current structure and composition <Ul> <Li> 3.1 National committee </Li> <Li> 3.2 State parties </Li> <Li> 3.3 Major party groups </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 4 Ideology <Ul> <Li> 4.1 Centrists </Li> <Li> 4.2 Conservatives </Li> <Li> 4.3 Liberals </Li> <Li> 4.4 Progressives </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5 Political positions <Ul> <Li> 5.1 Economic issues <Ul> <Li> 5.1. 1 Fiscal policy </Li> <Li> 5.1. 2 Minimum wage </Li> <Li> 5.1. 3 Health care </Li> <Li> 5.1. 4 Education </Li> <Li> 5.1. 5 Environment </Li> <Li> 5.1. 6 Renewable energy and fossil fuels </Li> <Li> 5.1. 7 Trade agreements </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.2 Social issues <Ul> <Li> 5.2. 1 Equal opportunity </Li> <Li> 5.2. 2 Voting rights </Li> <Li> 5.2. 3 Abortion and reproductive rights </Li> <Li> 5.2. 4 Immigration </Li> <Li> 5.2. 5 LGBT rights </Li> <Li> 5.2. 6 Civil Rights -- United States Citizens in Puerto Rico </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.3 Legal issues <Ul> <Li> 5.3. 1 Gun control </Li> <Li> 5.3. 2 Death penalty </Li> <Li> 5.3. 3 Torture </Li> <Li> 5.3. 4 Patriot Act </Li> <Li> 5.3. 5 Right to privacy </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 5.4 Foreign policy issues <Ul> <Li> 5.4. 1 Iraq War </Li> <Li> 5.4. 2 Iran sanctions </Li> <Li> 5.4. 3 Invasion of Afghanistan </Li> <Li> 5.4. 4 Israel </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 6 Voter base <Ul> <Li> 6.1 Professionals </Li> <Li> 6.2 Academia </Li> <Li> 6.3 Youth </Li> <Li> 6.4 Women </Li> <Li> 6.5 Relation to marital status and parenthood </Li> <Li> 6.6 LGBTQ Americans </Li> <Li> 6.7 Labor </Li> <Li> 6.8 Working class </Li> <Li> 6.9 Secular Americans </Li> <Li> 6.10 African Americans </Li> <Li> 6.11 Hispanic and Latino Americans </Li> <Li> 6.12 Native Americans </Li> <Li> 6.13 Jewish Americans </Li> <Li> 6.14 Arab and Muslim Americans </Li> <Li> 6.15 Asian Americans </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 7 Democratic Presidents </Li> <Li> 8 Recent electoral history <Ul> <Li> 8.1 In presidential elections : 1828 -- present </Li> </Ul> </Li> <Li> 9 See also </Li> <Li> 10 Notes </Li> <Li> 11 References </Li> <Li> 12 Further reading </Li> <Li> 13 External links <Ul> <Li> 13.1 Organizations </Li> <Li> 13.2 Platforms , charter and bylaws </Li> </Ul> </Li> </Ul> <H2> History </H2> <Table> <Tr> <Td> </Td> <Td> This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( January 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) </Td> </Tr> </Table> Main article : History of the United States Democratic Party See also : Democratic Party ( United States ) § Recent electoral history Andrew Jackson was the first Democratic President of the United States <P> The Democratic Party traces its origins to the inspiration of the Democratic - Republican Party , founded by Thomas Jefferson , James Madison and other influential opponents of the Federalists in 1792 . That party also inspired the Whigs and modern Republicans . Organizationally , the modern Democratic Party truly arose in the 1830s with the election of Andrew Jackson . Since the nomination of William Jennings Bryan in 1896 , the party has generally positioned itself to the left of the Republican Party on economic issues . They have been more liberal on civil rights issues since 1948 . On foreign policy , both parties changed position several times . </P> <H3> 1828 -- 1860 </H3> <P> The Democratic Party evolved from the Jeffersonian Republican or Democratic - Republican Party organized by Jefferson and Madison in opposition to the Federalist Party of Alexander Hamilton and John Adams . The party favored republicanism ; a weak federal government ; states ' rights ; agrarian interests ( especially Southern planters ) ; strict adherence to the Constitution ; and it opposed a national bank , close ties to Great Britain and business and banking interests . The Democratic - Republican Party came to power in the election of 1800 . </P> <P> After the War of 1812 , the Federalists virtually disappeared and the only national political party left was the Democratic - Republicans . The era of one - party rule in the United States , known as the Era of Good Feelings , lasted from 1816 until the early 1830s , when the Whig Party became a national political group to rival the Democratic - Republicans . However , the Democratic - Republican Party still had its own internal factions . They split over the choice of a successor to President James Monroe and the party faction that supported many of the old Jeffersonian principles , led by Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren , became the modern Democratic Party . As Norton explains the transformation in 1828 : </P> <P> Jacksonians believed the people 's will had finally prevailed . Through a lavishly financed coalition of state parties , political leaders , and newspaper editors , a popular movement had elected the president . The Democrats became the nation 's first well - organized national party ( ... ) and tight party organization became the hallmark of nineteenth - century American politics . </P> <P> Opposing

One of the main goals of the Democratic Party is to achieve

What is one of the main goal of the democratic party?

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particularly tame young Brontosaurus whom Holly nicknames `` Dopey '' , and whom Holly looks upon as a pet . </P> <P> They also encounter the mostly hostile Sleestak ( lizard - men ) , and the primate - like creatures called Pakuni ( one of whom , Cha - Ka , they befriend ) , as well as a variety of dangerous creatures , strange geography and unfamiliar technology . </P> <P> The main goal of the three is to find a way to return home . They are occasionally aided in this by the Altrusian castaway Enik . </P> <P> At the start of the third season it is explained that Rick Marshall ( played by Spencer Milligan ) has been accidentally returned to Earth alone , leaving his children behind . Rick is immediately replaced by his brother Jack . Rick Marshall abruptly disappeared while trying to use one of the pylons to get home ; Jack stumbled upon his niece and nephew after he embarked on a search of his own to find them . </P> <P> Though the term `` time doorway '' is used throughout the series , Land of the Lost is not meant to portray an era in Earth 's history , but rather an enigmatic zone whose place and time are unknown . Indeed , within the first few minutes of the pilot , the Marshall family father tells his children that he spotted three moons in the sky . The original creators of these time portals were thought to be the ancestors of the Sleestak , called Altrusians , though later episodes raised some questions about this . </P> <P> Many aspects of the Land of the Lost , including the time doorways and environmental processes , were controlled by the Pylons , metallic obelisk - shaped booths that were larger on the inside than the outside and housed matrix tables - stone tables studded with a grid of colored crystals . Uncontrolled time doorways result in the arrival of a variety of visitors and castaways in the Land . </P> <H2> Production ( edit ) </H2> <P> Land of the Lost is notable for its epic - scale concept , which suggested an expansive world with many fantastic forms of life and mysterious technology , all created on a children 's series ' limited production budget . To support the internal mythology , linguist Victoria Fromkin was commissioned to create a special language for the Pakuni , which she based on the sounds of West African speech and attempted to build into the show in a gradual way that would allow viewers to learn the language over the course of many episodes . The series ' intention was to create a realistic fantasy world , albeit relying heavily on children 's acceptance of minor inconsistencies . </P> <P> In a 1999 interview , first - season story editor and writer David Gerrold claimed that he largely created the show , based on photographs of various science fiction topoi that were bound together in a book and given him by Sid Krofft and Allan Foshko . </P> <P> It was a marked departure from the Krofft team 's previous work , which mostly featured extremely stylized puppets and sets such as those in H.R. Pufnstuf and Lidsville . </P> <P> The series for the first two seasons was shot on a modular indoor soundstage at General Service Studios in Hollywood , and made economical use of a small number of sets and scenic props which were rearranged frequently to suggest the ostensibly vast jungles , ancient cities and cave systems . As is traditional in many effect scenes , miniatures or scale - version settings were used for insertion of live - action scenes . Additional locations were often rendered using scale miniatures and chroma key . </P> <P> Spencer Milligan departed the show at the beginning of its third season for financial reasons . In addition to a salary increase , he believed it was only fair that he and the rest of the cast receive compensation for using their image on various merchandise . His character Rick Marshall was replaced by his brother , Jack Marshall , played by actor Ron Harper . Milligan did not return for the brief scene , also shown in the credits of the third season , showing Rick Marshall being transported out of the Land of the Lost . One of the show 's crew played the role instead , wearing a wig resembling Milligan 's hair and standing with his back to the camera . </P> <P> Non-human characters were portrayed by actors in latex rubber suits , or with heavy creature make - up . Dinosaurs in the series were created using a combination of stop motion animation miniatures , rear projection film effects and occasional hand puppets for close - ups of dinosaur heads . Wesley Eure points out on a commentary track for Land of the Lost 's first season DVD that the Grumpy hand puppet has no hole in the back of its throat , even though it is often seen opening its mouth wide to roar . The series marked a rare example of matting filmed stop - motion sequences with videotape live action , so as to avoid the telltale blue ' fringe ' produced in matting with less exacting processes . Though this occasionally worked very well , the difference in lighting between the video and film sequences sometimes brought inadvertent attention to the limitations of the process . </P> <P> Special effects footage was frequently re-used . Additional visual effects were achieved using manual film overlay techniques , the low - tech ancestor to current motion control photography . </P> <H2> Cast ( edit ) </H2> <H3> Main ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Rick Marshall ( Seasons 1 and 2 ) -- Spencer Milligan </Li> <Li> Will Marshall -- Wesley Eure </Li> <Li> Holly Marshall -- Kathy Coleman </Li> <Li> Uncle Jack Marshall ( Season 3 ) -- Ron Harper </Li> <Li> Cha - Ka -- Phillip Paley ( Season 3 ; recurring , seasons 1 - 2 ) </Li> </Ul> <H3> Recurring ( edit ) </H3> <Ul> <Li> Sa -- Sharon Baird ( Seasons 1 and 2 ) </Li> <Li> Ta -- Joe Giamalva ( Season 1 ) and Scutter McKay ( Season 2 ) </Li> <Li> Enik -- Walker Edmiston </Li> <Li> The Zarn -- Marvin Miller ( voice ) and Van Snowden ( body ) ( Season 2 ) </Li> <Li> Malak -- Richard Kiel ( Season 3 ) </Li> <Li> Sleestak Leader -- Jon Locke ( Season 3 ) </Li> <Li> Sleestaks -- Dave Greenwood , Bill Laimbeer , John Lambert , Cleveland Porter , Jack Tingley , Scott Fullerton , Mike Westra , Bill Boyd , David Harris , Clarke Roberts </Li> </Ul> <H2> DVD releases ( edit ) </H2> <P> From 2004 to 2005 , Rhino Entertainment owned the rights to the show , and released seasons one through three , and a complete series package , with several bonus features , including commentaries , on all of the releases . Those DVDs have since gone out of print . On May 26 , 2009 , Universal Studios released two complete series releases , one in original packaging , and the other enclosed in a Land of the Lost vintage lunchbox ; the only bonus feature was a look at the film starring Will Ferrell . On October 13 , 2009 , Universal released the three seasons individually ; the DVDs are identical to Universal 's Complete Series Boxes . The series is also available in Digital media format . </P> <H2> Remakes ( edit ) </H2> <P> Despite a relatively short run , the show continued to be aired extensively through syndication . Based on that success , a remake of the series began in 1991 and ran for two seasons . The DVDs of the series earned a Saturn nomination for best retro TV series release in 2004 . </P> <P> On June 5 , 2009 a feature film based on the 1974 TV series opened in U.S. theaters . Unlike the original series , which was a serious take on the story , the film was a comedy / parody ( more likely inspired by the unsuccessful 1991 series reboot ) . It was directed by Brad Silberling and starred Will Ferrell , with the Krofft brothers serving as co-producers . Although the original series was aimed for children , the film 's target audience was adults . </P> <P> In 2015 it was reported that Sid and Marty Kroft were working on a reboot to Land of the Lost following what they called `` that other movie . '' </P> <H2> See also ( edit ) </H2> <Ul> <Li> List of Land of the Lost episodes </Li> <Li> Land of the Lost characters and species </Li> <Li> Land of the Lost geography and technology </Li> <Li> Land of the Lost ( 1991 TV series ) , the remake of the original series </Li> <Li> Land of the Lost ( film ) , a 2009 film starring Will Ferrell based on the 1974 series </Li> <Li> Valley of the Dinosaurs , a Hanna - Barbera cartoon with a somewhat similar premise . </Li> </Ul> <H2> References ( edit ) </H2> <Ol> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Prime Time TV Schedule ( 1967 Season ) '' . getty.net . Archived from the original on June 1 , 2009 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Clodfelter , Tim ( August 5 , 2004 ) . `` Kids vids ( review of Land of the Lost : The Complete First Season ) '' . Winston - Salem Journal . p. 33 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Mark , Rahner ( July 2 , 2004 ) . `` Nicole Kidman and Jude Law sure are purty '' . Seattle Times . p . H22 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : `` Land of the Lost '' . 70sLiveKidVid . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Kuklenski , Valerie ( March 20 , 2005 ) . `` If Witchiepoo , Horation J. Hoodoo ring a bell with you '' . Los Angeles Daily News . p . U8 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Ball , Chris ( July 2 , 2004 ) . `` Epic drama follows lovers separated by the Civil War '' . The Plain Dealer . Cleveland , Ohio . p . E4 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` About Theodore Sturgeon '' . Theodore Sturgeon Literary Trust . Retrieved February 12 , 2016 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Deggans , Eric ( January 21 , 1998 ) . `` ' Star Trek ' actor finds another frontier '' . St. Petersburg Times . p. 1D . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Davis , Jessica ( March 9 , 2004 ) . `` ' Cartoon ' is best when it 's simple '' . Seattle Post-Intelligencer . p . D5 . </Li> <Li> ^ Jump up to : Clodfelter , Tim ( August 17 , 2000 ) . `` Revival : the fantastic worlds of Sid and Marty Krofft are back in vogue again '' . Winston - Salem Journal . Winston - Salem , NC . p . E1 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Circle '' . Land of the Lost . Season 1 . Episode 17 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ Walker , Kevin ( June 18 , 1999 ) . `` Masters of puppets -- New videos . Movies deals on the table . Suddenly , former Saturday morning television kings Sid and Marty Krofft are hot again '' . The Tampa Tribune . p. 20 . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` T. lex - David Gerrold Interview '' . Pop Apostle . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Land of the Lost '' . John Kenneth Muir 's Retro TV Files . </Li> <Li> Jump up ^ `` Land Of The Lost ( TV 1974 - 1977 ) '' . Monster Island News . Archived from

The role of Chaka on the TV show "Land of the Lost" was played by

Who played chaka on land of the lost tv show?