Expansion Ideas for Video Understanding
written by [@xinyanghuang7](https://github.com/xinyanghuang7) For the video understanding capabilities of multimodal large models, one feasible approach is to refer to the existing MiniCPM-V 2.6 Python example for video understanding. The main idea is to extract key frames from the video and then perform multi-image inference. Therefore, if you want to add video understanding capabilities to MiniMind-V, you can base it on the existing multi-image training, refer to the key frame extraction method in this Python script, and increase the number of images supported in the training files. The more MAX_NUM_FRAMES supported, the more GPU memory it will consume. ```text import torch from PIL import Image from transformers import AutoModel, AutoTokenizer from decord import VideoReader, cpu # pip install decord model = AutoModel.from_pretrained('openbmb/MiniCPM-V-2_6', trust_remote_code=True, attn_implementation='sdpa', torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16) # sdpa or flash_attention_2, no eager model = model.eval().cuda() tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained('openbmb/MiniCPM-V-2_6', trust_remote_code=True) MAX_NUM_FRAMES = 64 # if cuda OOM set a smaller number def encode_video(video_path): def uniform_sample(l, n): gap = len(l) / n idxs = [int(i * gap + gap / 2) for i in range(n)] return [l[i] for i in idxs] vr = VideoReader(video_path, ctx=cpu(0)) sample_fps = round(vr.get_avg_fps() / 1) # FPS frame_idx = [i for i in range(0, len(vr), sample_fps)] if len(frame_idx) > MAX_NUM_FRAMES: frame_idx = uniform_sample(frame_idx, MAX_NUM_FRAMES) frames = vr.get_batch(frame_idx).asnumpy() frames = [Image.fromarray(v.astype('uint8')) for v in frames] print('num frames:', len(frames)) return frames video_path = "video_test.mp4" frames = encode_video(video_path) question = "Describe the video" msgs = [ {'role': 'user', 'content': frames + [question]}, ] # Set decode params for video params = {} params["use_image_id"] = False params["max_slice_nums"] = 2 # If cuda OOM and video resolution is greater than 448*448, set to 1 answer = model.chat( image=None, msgs=msgs, tokenizer=tokenizer, **params ) print(answer) ```Data Description
* The multi-image dataset is relatively small and contains English conversations, focusing only on scenes with two image comparisons. Therefore, the fine-tuning effect is limited, and this is just one reference approach. * `jsonl` contains textual instructions, and `images.zip` contains the corresponding image data (to be unzipped after download).| Image | MiniMind2-V | MiniMind2-V-Small |
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The image shows a busy city street with tall buildings on both sides of a long road. The street is packed with cars, trucks, and buses, along with many other vehicles driving on the road. There are many cars visible on the street, some driving at high speed, while others are parked at the side. Additionally, there is a bus parked on the right side of the street. Traffic lights are visible on the street, indicating a busy city environment. | The image depicts a bustling urban scene with several cars and a truck driving down the city street. There are many traffic lights visible, some on the left side of the street, and others on the right. Several pedestrians can be seen on the street, some standing closer to the road while others are farther away. A parking sign is located on the left side of the image, hinting at the city environment. Two cars are visible on the street, one on the right and the other on the left, with another one also on the left side. This image captures a typical day in a city environment. |
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The image shows an astronaut in a spacesuit sitting in a large spacecraft. They appear to be embarking on or disembarking from a space mission. Behind the astronaut, there is a rocket launch platform, likely to support the astronaut's mission during the journey. Additionally, an aircraft is parked near a hangar, further suggesting this is an aviation event. There are a few people around the aircraft, some standing close, possibly observing or waiting for the spacecraft to prepare for takeoff. | The scene shows a soldier wearing a helmet standing on a large airplane. This aircraft appears to be a military one, likely preparing to board another plane. Another person stands in front, possibly observing the flight process. There are several people around the airplane, some standing on the left side, others on the right. They seem to be watching the pilot's performance. Additionally, a truck is parked near the left side, likely to observe the flight process more closely. |
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The image shows a woman sitting on the beach, holding a white dog in her hands. She appears to be a woman sitting on the sand, looking at her. A dog is also sitting beside her, looking relaxed and comfortable. Other beachgoers are scattered across the beach, some sitting, while others are farther away. A boat can be seen in the background, indicating that this is a popular beach destination for tourists. | Two people are sitting on the beach, one lounging lazily on the sand, while the other is sitting. They seem to be enjoying their time by the sea. There are a few beach chairs, one close to the left side of the sand, another in the middle. Additionally, a dog is lying on the sand, adding to the relaxed atmosphere of the scene. |
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The photo captures a beautiful natural scene with high mountains in the background. By the water, a large fountain spans across the surface, attracting many visitors. There are several people on the water's surface, some standing or sitting around the fountain, while others walk in the water. Overall, this image portrays a beautiful and peaceful environment where people can enjoy scenic views of nature. | Under a beautiful blue sky, a massive white waterfall hangs above with a huge stream of wet water. This waterfall is located on a mountain, adding a charming and serene atmosphere to the whole scene. In the background of this image, several boats can be seen, some near the water's edge, others farther away. These boats seem to be preparing for scenic or outdoor activities. |
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The image shows a man sitting on a park bench next to a green chair. There is an open book beside him with the words "reading" written on it, suggesting he may be reading. The park has a bench and a park seat, adding life to the surrounding environment. There are several cars and a truck nearby, indicating this is a public space. Additionally, a person can be seen standing at different locations in the park, possibly waiting to cross the road or walk further. | An elderly person wearing shorts sits on a park bench surrounded by trees. He seems to be reading a book, possibly engaged in reading. In the background, there is another bench providing ample seating for the scene. You can also see a chair and a table in the background, suggesting this may be an outdoor seating area where people can relax. |
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The image shows a white brown bear sitting on the grass, next to a large bear with brown spots. This bear seems shy or playful as it lies on the grass, resting and looking relaxed. | In this image, a brown bear is strolling on the grass. The bear occupies much of the frame, seemingly walking in its natural environment on the grass. In the background, there are several trees, adding natural elements to the scene. A bird is flying near the middle of the scene, bringing a lively atmosphere to the image. |
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The image shows a beautiful vase filled with colorful flowers and bouquets. The bouquets are scattered throughout the vase, creating a visually pleasant scene. The colorful flowers in the vase create a delightful visual. These flowers are placed on a table, likely displayed to showcase their beauty. | The scene shows a green and purple bicycle parked next to a building, placed near a large tree. This bicycle is situated nearby, adding some color to the scene. In addition to the bicycle, there are other bicycles, including one in the foreground and another near the center of the background. The presence of the bicycles suggests they may be parked there. |
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The woman in the image is wearing a white dress with a black tennis skirt. She is performing a tennis match, likely part of the competition. Several chairs are visible in the background, possibly set up for the audience or other spectators. Additionally, a bench is placed on the left side of the scene, providing a place for people to rest. | A woman in white clothing stands on a stage holding a white frisbee. She seems to be participating in a stage dance or competition. Several other people are present in the scene, one standing on the left side of the stage, another on the right, and a third person standing near the right of the venue. The stage has several spectators, some standing, others sitting, with some remaining standing. This appears to be a joyful festival or event. |
| Image1 | Image2 | 512_sft_multi | 768_sft_multi |
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This image displays a bird scenario: a woman standing with a red and green mixed purple bird perched on her. The woman stands with the bird on her shoulders, while the red bird on her collar stands behind her. | The two birds are flying in the same forest, some are in the center of the image, while others are smaller, creating a contrast. The birds’ presence highlights their flight ability and adaptability as they swiftly move through the woods. Additionally, the birds’ positions vary, with one on the left and the other on the right, indicating they are moving close within the same forest. Their natural behavior helps distinguish the two bird species. |
> Given the limited expertise, there may be unknown issues, and we welcome everyone to discuss, correct, or submit PRs > to improve the project in Issues.
> Your support is the driving force behind continuous improvements to the project. Thank you! ## 🤝 [Contributors](https://github.com/jingyaogong/minimind/graphs/contributors)
## 😊 Acknowledgments
@xinyanghuang7:
🔗Implemented complete multi-graph branch