Kuchera criticized the inability to play said mode via four-person local split screen as in the original game.

(meta data) TITLE: Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary awkward but ultimately fulfilling for fans | Ars Technica

Formed in 2009, the Archive Team (not to be confused with the archive.org Archive-It Team) is a rogue archivist collective dedicated to saving copies of rapidly dying or deleted websites for the sake of history and digital heritage.

The group is 100% composed of volunteers and interested parties, and has expanded into a large amount of related projects for saving online and digital history.

History is littered with hundreds of conflicts over the future of a community, group, location or business that were "resolved" when one of the parties stepped ahead and destroyed what was there.

With the original point of contention destroyed, the debates would fall to the wayside.

Archive Team believes that by duplicated condemned data, the conversation and debate can continue, as well as the richness and insight gained by keeping the materials.

Our projects have ranged in size from a single volunteer downloading the data to a small-but-critical site, to over 100 volunteers stepping forward to acquire terabytes of user-created data to save for future generations.

The main site for Archive Team is at archiveteam.org and contains up to the date information on various projects, manifestos, plans and walkthroughs.

This collection contains the output of many Archive Team projects, both ongoing and completed.

Thanks to the generous providing of disk space by the Internet Archive, multi-terabyte datasets can be made available, as well as in use by the Wayback Machine, providing a path back to lost websites and work.

Our collection has grown to the point of having sub-collections for the type of data we acquire.

If you are seeking to browse the contents of these collections, the Wayback Machine is the best first stop.

Otherwise, you are free to dig into the stacks to see what you may find.

The Archive Team Panic Downloads are full pulldowns of currently extant websites, meant to serve as emergency backups for needed sites that are in danger of closing, or which will be missed dearly if suddenly lost due to hard drive crashes or server failures.

Collection: The Archive Team Just In Time Grabs

The hardest part about our transient, shallow world wide web is the terrifying swiftness in which data disappears.

To this end, Archive Team members have often bravely strapped on miner's helmets and flashlights, dove into the flaming wreckage of a dying site, and grabbed a copy for all of time.

Some of these rescues, consisting of what we could grab, are being saved here.

Please Note: Some of these items were not burning as brightly or recently as others - they might be merely considered "off-site backups" of sites or collections, but in most cases the original data is now gone.

# Opposable Thumbs / Gaming & Entertainment

# Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary awkward but ultimately fulfilling for fans

## This $40 remake of Halo: Combat Evolved brings updated graphics, sound, and …

Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary shows how far we've come in a decade—and it's not always a pretty picture.

This release celebrates the 10th anniversary of the original Halo by bringing back the classic campaign with updated graphics and sound, along with a passable replication of the game's multiplayer.

While Microsoft made a big deal about the game's Kinect support, that feature isn't listed anywhere on the box and you have to add it to the game via a day-one patch.

By using the Kinect, you can say things like "grenade," and Master Chief will throw a grenade.

You can say "flashlight" and your flashlight will turn on.

You can say "pause game," "resume game," and "change weapon," and it all does what you expect it to do (with a little bit of a pause).

It's a neat trick, but using the buttons is faster and easier.

This is a bullet point and, if you don't have a Kinect, you're not missing anything.

When you install it, the game also asks if you'd like to redeem the code to add the game's classic maps to your copy of Reach as a map pack.

It's a nice way to add value, but just once I'd like to play a game without a series of updates and five minutes of inputting codes and unlocking features that "reward" me for buying the game new.

Maybe so, but the rest of the Anniversary package is more than worth the annoyances of setup and the almost useless Kinect features.

Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary Campaign Trailer

Very little has been added to the game itself; this is the Halo you remember.

You can find hidden skulls that change how the game is played (my copy came with the "Grunt Funeral" skull that causes grunts to explode like plasma grenades).

You'll also find terminals that give you some background information on the world of Halo, and there may even be a few hints about what's coming next.

The new content is certainly fine, but the real thrill is being able to play the classic Halo with remastered graphics.

The graphical updates are extensive, and they make everything look like a contemporary game.

You can hit the select button at any time to flip between the new graphics and the game's original look, and the changes are startling; a lot of work has been done to make this look as good as it possibly can.

The ability to switch between the two versions of the game at will also proves that the new textures and character models are all running on top of the original engine, so you don't lose any of the of the game's feel.

Everything acts just how you remember it, and for fans of a series that has gone through so many changes, it's great to go back to the original style that made Halo so popular.

The magnum is still incredibly overpowered at both close and long range, and it's great to have it back.

The Flood sections of the game are still annoying as hell.

While there might have been some temptations to adjust the game here and there, the decision was made to keep everything as you remember, for good or bad.

The updates are purely cosmetic, although the sound and music have also been completely redone.

In fact, the changes to the game's sound effects and music need more love than they've gotten in the press so far; the game sounds just as good as it looks.

You can play the entire game through in co-op with another person over Xbox Live, which is amazing, but the ability to play local four-player splitscreen is gone, which is madness.

The game brings you into the Halo: Reach engine to play the six included classic multiplayer maps:

Each map can be played in a state close to its original design, or updated to fit in with the other Reach maps.

You can also enjoy the classical loadouts and playlists to replicate the original experience.

There's also a brand new firefight mission and, if you don't care about the single-player game, all this content can be purchased separately as a Reach map pack for 1,200 Microsoft Points ($15).

New copies of the game come with a voucher that provides the map pack free of charge.

(As a side-note, on Twitter I'll be giving away all the codes that came with the game, so follow @BenKuchera if you want a chance for some free Halo content.)

To be absolutely clear: if you don't like Halo, you will still not like it now that it's prettier.

For fans of the original, however, this is a great way to revisit a game that remains fun to play, and it adds some great new content to your multiplayer rotation.

The visuals and sound are impressive without taking away from your fond memories, and the Kinect features are safely ignored.

# The State of Smartphones in 2012: Part I of our Ultimate Guide

We review the landscape and name the best in multiple categories.

# $100 Android/Linux tablet hits funding goal, ships in January

# Tablet-only publication The Daily closing up shop on December 15

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IGN's Steven Hopper felt that the level design was dated, the repetitious environments making it easy for players to lose their bearings, and that vehicles handled poorly. Giant Bomb's Brad Shoemaker wrote that while the best aspects of the game remained, other aspects—such as the level design and fighting the Flood—were no less frustrating after ten years; Digital Spy's Matthew Reynolds echoed the sentiment, praising the game for presenting situations unsurpassed in later titles while faulting irregular checkpoints with increasing frustration.
 The remastered visuals were positively received; reviewers such as "The Inquirer"'s Chris Martin and "The Escapist"'s Russ Pitts singled out the graphics-switch button for praise. "The Guardian"'s Steve Boxer called the feature "utterly fascinating—a bit like ... archaeology on your console", and said that the visual overhaul improved areas where the original game engine was weak, such as rendering outdoor environments. While praising most of the game's refinements, Watters singled out the Flood as enemies he thought the original game envisioned better, saying "the simplicity of the classic look feels more sinister and alien". Hamza Aziz of Destructoid appreciated the visual updates, but not some of the resulting audio–animation syncing issues.
 Critics had split opinions on "Anniversary"'s additional features. The stereoscopic 3D effect was alternately praised and dismissed: Matt Miller of "Game Informer" wrote that the feature "doesn't add anything to the experience", while Aziz described the feature as "fantastic", considering its use in "Anniversary" to be more subtle and pleasing than in other games. Aziz also applauded the narrative terminals, although he criticized the Kinect voice command support for being slower in combat than pressing buttons. Ben Kuchera is of "Ars Technica". Kuchera enjoyed the improvements of the "Halo" maps in "Anniversary"s multiplayer mode.


This resulted in later ill-feeling from the scientific community towards Lawrence.

(meta data) TITLE: Large and in Charge | Science History Institute

Using stories from science's past to understand our world

Ernest Lawrence championed the idea of science done collectively.

But he failed to champion his own scientists during the Red Scare.

Ernest Lawrence and his team pose with a giant magnet, part of his 60-inch cyclotron particle accelerator, August 1938.

Lawrence, fourth from the left on the bottom row, shifted the scale at which scientific research was undertaken.

### Michael Hiltzik. Big Science: Ernest Lawrence and the Invention That Launched the Military-Industrial Complex.

On April 26, 1954, nuclear physicist Ernest O. Lawrence phoned Lewis Strauss of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) to inform him that he couldn't testify against his colleague and one-time friend J. Robert Oppenheimer, despite his earlier pledge to do so.

Strauss, who led the hearings exploring Oppenheimer's background and associations, was none too happy with Lawrence's change of heart.

Lawrence and Oppenheimer had worked together at the University of California, Berkeley, and, more famously, on the Manhattan Project.

Lawrence even named one of his sons Robert after Oppenheimer.

But Lawrence had grown exasperated by Oppenheimer's vocal support for a public debate on U.S. nuclear policy—a debate that could impede Lawrence's efforts to expand the American nuclear program.

In truth, Lawrence's second thoughts about testifying were not out of concern for a former friend but for his radiation laboratory.

Lawrence feared the reputation of his Rad Lab, as it was known, would suffer if he participated in the AEC's private hearing to remove Oppenheimer's security clearance, widely viewed as a witch hunt by the physics community.

So the day before he was due to testify, Lawrence called Strauss and told him he was too sick to make the journey from California.

It was the truth—Lawrence was suffering from one of his recurring bouts of ulcerative colitis, likely caused by intense stress—but it was not the whole truth.

Although Lawrence did not testify in person, a transcript of an interview he gave condemning Oppenheimer was presented at the hearing, and it included the words "[Oppenheimer] should never again have anything to do with the forming of policy."

Several other members of Lawrence's lab team also testified against Oppenheimer, including Luis Alvarez, Wendell Latimer, and Kenneth Pitzer, apparently united against their colleague and the idea of political dissent in the scientific community.

Lawrence's reputation and that of his laboratory never fully recovered from his involvement in Oppenheimer's persecution, despite Lawrence's considerable contributions to nuclear physics and his status as a Nobel laureate.

In Big Science: Ernest Lawrence and the Invention That Launched the Military-Industrial Complex, Michael Hiltzik depicts Lawrence as a man of unique strengths and inescapable weaknesses.

As the title suggests, Lawrence's strengths perfectly positioned him to transform the way science, particularly nuclear physics, was done, from benchtop experiments in small, ill-equipped, and understaffed labs to large-scale experiments in government-funded labs with big teams of scientists and even bigger equipment.

But despite this scientific success Lawrence's flaws tripped him up throughout his career.

He learned to compensate for some of his weaknesses, but he couldn't escape them all.

Lawrence's education did not follow the typical path of East Coast elites in the nuclear-physics field.

He grew up in a fairly conservative, if intellectually encouraging, household in South Dakota.

His parents, the children of Norwegian immigrants, were both teachers.

He earned his bachelor's degree at the University of South Dakota and his master's degree at the University of Minnesota, and then headed east to Yale University for his doctorate.

In 1928 Lawrence was recruited by the University of California, Berkeley, at the time somewhat of a backwater in research.

Four years later he invented the cyclotron, which Hiltzik describes as a "method for artificially driving subatomic particles into the nucleus with enough energy to give physicists a clear picture of what it was made of."

One cyclotron led to another, each larger and more powerful than the last.

Lawrence's use of big equipment and big teams of scientists, who were needed to keep the cyclotrons running, was atypical for the field.

Hiltzik points out that the father of nuclear physics, Ernest Rutherford of the University of Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory, distrusted the cyclotron and believed that great discoveries could still be made with simple tabletop equipment.

Lawrence transformed this romantic notion of the lone, scrappy scientist working in his tiny lab into that of big science.

Lawrence encouraged an atmosphere of collaboration in the Rad Lab, unlike the standard practices in Europe and the rest of the United States.

Each member of his team focused on one chemical element, bombarding that element's nucleus, while Lawrence acted as overseer.

He encouraged curiosity and exploration for their own sake and recruited team members from chemistry, medicine, and engineering as well as physics.

His skill in attracting talent was matched by his skill in finding the money to pay that talent.

Robert Oppenheimer and Ernest Lawrence standing by a 184-inch cyclotron, ca. 1946.

The pair, who had worked closely together in Lawrence's lab and on the Manhattan Project, would become estranged because of their political differences.

To illustrate the unusual nature of Lawrence's rainmaking abilities, Hiltzik offers up Marie Curie and the lengths to which she went to obtain a tiny amount of radium in 1921.

She went on a fund-raising tour of the United States for six weeks, finishing up with a visit to the White House, all to obtain just a thimbleful of radium for her experiments.

Lawrence, however, created a trifecta of steady income from academia (through Berkeley), government, and foundations.

Lawrence's interdisciplinary style of research actually increased the number of potential funders.

When he discovered that foundations, including the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, were interested in funding the use of isotopes in cancer research, he tailored his pitch to them.

Lawrence also understood the need for a little spectacle, and on his 1935 East Coast lecture tour—a thinly veiled fund-raising campaign—he drank a glass of radioactive salt water at each stop and then used a Geiger counter to demonstrate the radioactive sodium's circulation throughout his body.

He referred to these kinds of activities as "the vaudeville."

Sometimes Lawrence's personal traits led him astray.

Early in his career a discovery might so excite him that he would fail to do the careful work required to confirm his results.

At the 1933 World's Fair in Chicago, Lawrence used his cyclotron observations to suggest that deuterons could explode when hit hard enough, which directly challenged research coming out of the Cavendish, the place where artificial nuclear fission had first been discovered.

After the New York Times and Time published pieces on Lawrence and his new theory, the Cavendish tested it and disproved it.

They found, as Hiltzik bluntly puts it, that "Lawrence's targets were contaminated—his supposed great discovery the product of poor technique."

Lawrence refused to believe his theory was faulty, continuing to promote it until his childhood friend Merle Tuve, also a renowned physicist, checked his results.

"Dear Ernie," Tuve wrote, "we reached the astounding conclusion that we were unable to check a single one of the observations which you have reported."

To add insult to injury, scientists at the Cavendish discovered two new isotopes—tritium and helium-3—while performing the same experiments.

After more such mistakes Lawrence learned his lesson and, according to Hiltzik, reoriented his laboratory "toward much more careful research."

Lawrence's efforts paid off when he found a new radioactive isotope of sodium in 1934.

Rather than rushing to make an announcement, Lawrence painstakingly reviewed his work and detailed his methodology in a long report sent to the journal Physical Review.

His work was of great use for research in the physics and medical communities, and his more mature approach buoyed his reputation.

Lawrence went on to win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1939 for the creation of the cyclotron and for the discoveries he made with his machine.

Still, his inability to correct for all his habits of mind led to some serious professional mistakes, including his consistent advocacy for keeping politics out of the Rad Lab.

Lawrence believed scientific work to be removed from the political realm, and he did not approve of his staff discussing politics in the lab or having opinions about the political implications of their research.

Lawrence felt scientific activism led to "frittering away so much time and energy on political problems, when [the scientists] could be devoting themselves to scientific pursuits."

But Lawrence's career took him through the Great Depression, World War II, and the Cold War, and he alienated many talented scientists who weren't willing to keep politics out of their lives.

Despite his assertions Lawrence was not truly apolitical.

The funders who kept his cyclotrons running and with whom he rubbed shoulders were often very conservative men, and they influenced him.

When Lawrence received a government Works Progress Administration (WPA) grant during the Depression to hire out-of-work shop craftsmen, many of his private foundation funders balked at the idea of being associated with a New Deal program.

Ludwig Kast of the Macy Foundation, one of his largest funders, worried that if the WPA was overturned by the Supreme Court, the foundation's and the WPA's dual support of the Rad Lab would be incriminating and indicate "that [the foundation has] something to do with sinister communist tendencies."

In response, Lawrence removed all acknowledgment of WPA funds from research papers involving work supported by the Macy Foundation.

Despite his great success in executing his big scientific ideas, Lawrence failed at managing his lab in this one way: he could not keep politics out.

In 1947, with McCarthyism under way, the California legislature's Un-American Activities Committee began to investigate security at Berkeley, considered a sanctuary for leftists by committee members.

Their concerns moved the AEC, under pressure from the House Un-American Activities Committee, to form regional security boards.

Jack Neylan, a personal friend and patron of Lawrence's and a regent at the university, headed the board at Berkeley and began investigating members of the faculty for Communist sympathies.

Lawrence did not view these investigations as a systemic problem: he "accepted the rules, focusing his efforts on a defense of the accused rather than an attack on the system."

He saved a number of Rad Lab staffers from being fired by acting as a character reference, but he would not speak out against the investigations themselves.

His primary motivation in getting involved was to keep his team intact.

Outside of the Rad Lab he stayed away from the government's inquisition.

Frank Oppenheimer, Robert's brother and a former Rad Lab staffer, was accused of Communist activity while working at the University of Minnesota, in a post for which Lawrence had heartily recommended him.

Lawrence refused to let Frank visit the Rad Lab while he was under suspicion and even asked a mutual friend to rescind a dinner invitation to him.

The accusations eventually cost Frank his job.

By 1949 anti-Communist pressure had escalated, and all Berkeley appointees were required to take an oath that they disavowed the Communist Party and did not support "any party or organization that believes in, advocates, or teaches the overthrow of the United States Government."

This demand outraged many of the faculty, especially those who were immigrants and had lived under totalitarian regimes in Europe.

What Lawrence saw as "byzantine quibbles," members of his team saw as a violation of academic freedom.

When physicist Gian-Carlo Wick declined to take the oath, Lawrence argued with him; Wick refused to back down, and Lawrence told him to "get the hell out of the Rad Lab."

Those who refused to sign the oath were dismissed.

Many of the people who did sign began to look for other positions, as their once creative, open environment had soured.

In the end the Rad Lab lost vital talent.

Four years later Lawrence's testimony led to the removal of Robert Oppenheimer's security clearance.

The physics community did not look kindly on Lawrence's involvement.

As Hiltzik writes, "A great deal of obloquy fell on [him] and his colleagues at the Rad Lab, who had stood united, and virtually alone, against Oppenheimer."

Also testifying on behalf of Oppenheimer was Lansdale, who was involved in the Army's surveillance and investigation of Oppenheimer during the war. Lansdale, a lawyer, was not intimidated by Robb. He testified that Oppenheimer was not a Communist, and that he was "loyal and discreet".
 Ernest Lawrence was known to dislike political activities, seeing them as a waste of time better spent on scientific research. He did not oppose the investigations of Oppenheimer or others, tending to distance himself from those under investigation rather than supporting them. He said he was unable to testify at the Oppenheimer hearing because of illness. On April 26, Lawrence suffered a severe colitis attack. The next day, Lawrence called Lewis Strauss and told him that his brother, a doctor, had ordered him to return home and that he would not be testifying. Lawrence suffered with colitis until his death during colostomy surgery, on August 27, 1958. However, an interview transcript in which Lawrence stated that Oppenheimer "should never again have anything to do with the forming of policy" was presented at the hearing, and several other members of Lawrence's Radiation laboratory did testify against Oppenheimer in person.


This resulted in later ill-feeling from the scientific community towards other members of his laboratory.

(meta data) TITLE: Large and in Charge | Science History Institute

Using stories from science's past to understand our world

Ernest Lawrence championed the idea of science done collectively.

But he failed to champion his own scientists during the Red Scare.

Ernest Lawrence and his team pose with a giant magnet, part of his 60-inch cyclotron particle accelerator, August 1938.

Lawrence, fourth from the left on the bottom row, shifted the scale at which scientific research was undertaken.

### Michael Hiltzik. Big Science: Ernest Lawrence and the Invention That Launched the Military-Industrial Complex.

On April 26, 1954, nuclear physicist Ernest O. Lawrence phoned Lewis Strauss of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) to inform him that he couldn't testify against his colleague and one-time friend J. Robert Oppenheimer, despite his earlier pledge to do so.

Strauss, who led the hearings exploring Oppenheimer's background and associations, was none too happy with Lawrence's change of heart.

Lawrence and Oppenheimer had worked together at the University of California, Berkeley, and, more famously, on the Manhattan Project.

Lawrence even named one of his sons Robert after Oppenheimer.

But Lawrence had grown exasperated by Oppenheimer's vocal support for a public debate on U.S. nuclear policy—a debate that could impede Lawrence's efforts to expand the American nuclear program.

In truth, Lawrence's second thoughts about testifying were not out of concern for a former friend but for his radiation laboratory.

Lawrence feared the reputation of his Rad Lab, as it was known, would suffer if he participated in the AEC's private hearing to remove Oppenheimer's security clearance, widely viewed as a witch hunt by the physics community.

So the day before he was due to testify, Lawrence called Strauss and told him he was too sick to make the journey from California.

It was the truth—Lawrence was suffering from one of his recurring bouts of ulcerative colitis, likely caused by intense stress—but it was not the whole truth.

Although Lawrence did not testify in person, a transcript of an interview he gave condemning Oppenheimer was presented at the hearing, and it included the words "[Oppenheimer] should never again have anything to do with the forming of policy."

Several other members of Lawrence's lab team also testified against Oppenheimer, including Luis Alvarez, Wendell Latimer, and Kenneth Pitzer, apparently united against their colleague and the idea of political dissent in the scientific community.

Lawrence's reputation and that of his laboratory never fully recovered from his involvement in Oppenheimer's persecution, despite Lawrence's considerable contributions to nuclear physics and his status as a Nobel laureate.

In Big Science: Ernest Lawrence and the Invention That Launched the Military-Industrial Complex, Michael Hiltzik depicts Lawrence as a man of unique strengths and inescapable weaknesses.

As the title suggests, Lawrence's strengths perfectly positioned him to transform the way science, particularly nuclear physics, was done, from benchtop experiments in small, ill-equipped, and understaffed labs to large-scale experiments in government-funded labs with big teams of scientists and even bigger equipment.

But despite this scientific success Lawrence's flaws tripped him up throughout his career.

He learned to compensate for some of his weaknesses, but he couldn't escape them all.

Lawrence's education did not follow the typical path of East Coast elites in the nuclear-physics field.

He grew up in a fairly conservative, if intellectually encouraging, household in South Dakota.

His parents, the children of Norwegian immigrants, were both teachers.

He earned his bachelor's degree at the University of South Dakota and his master's degree at the University of Minnesota, and then headed east to Yale University for his doctorate.

In 1928 Lawrence was recruited by the University of California, Berkeley, at the time somewhat of a backwater in research.

Four years later he invented the cyclotron, which Hiltzik describes as a "method for artificially driving subatomic particles into the nucleus with enough energy to give physicists a clear picture of what it was made of."

One cyclotron led to another, each larger and more powerful than the last.

Lawrence's use of big equipment and big teams of scientists, who were needed to keep the cyclotrons running, was atypical for the field.

Hiltzik points out that the father of nuclear physics, Ernest Rutherford of the University of Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory, distrusted the cyclotron and believed that great discoveries could still be made with simple tabletop equipment.

Lawrence transformed this romantic notion of the lone, scrappy scientist working in his tiny lab into that of big science.

Lawrence encouraged an atmosphere of collaboration in the Rad Lab, unlike the standard practices in Europe and the rest of the United States.

Each member of his team focused on one chemical element, bombarding that element's nucleus, while Lawrence acted as overseer.

He encouraged curiosity and exploration for their own sake and recruited team members from chemistry, medicine, and engineering as well as physics.

His skill in attracting talent was matched by his skill in finding the money to pay that talent.

Robert Oppenheimer and Ernest Lawrence standing by a 184-inch cyclotron, ca. 1946.

The pair, who had worked closely together in Lawrence's lab and on the Manhattan Project, would become estranged because of their political differences.

To illustrate the unusual nature of Lawrence's rainmaking abilities, Hiltzik offers up Marie Curie and the lengths to which she went to obtain a tiny amount of radium in 1921.

She went on a fund-raising tour of the United States for six weeks, finishing up with a visit to the White House, all to obtain just a thimbleful of radium for her experiments.

Lawrence, however, created a trifecta of steady income from academia (through Berkeley), government, and foundations.

Lawrence's interdisciplinary style of research actually increased the number of potential funders.

When he discovered that foundations, including the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, were interested in funding the use of isotopes in cancer research, he tailored his pitch to them.

Lawrence also understood the need for a little spectacle, and on his 1935 East Coast lecture tour—a thinly veiled fund-raising campaign—he drank a glass of radioactive salt water at each stop and then used a Geiger counter to demonstrate the radioactive sodium's circulation throughout his body.

He referred to these kinds of activities as "the vaudeville."

Sometimes Lawrence's personal traits led him astray.

Early in his career a discovery might so excite him that he would fail to do the careful work required to confirm his results.

At the 1933 World's Fair in Chicago, Lawrence used his cyclotron observations to suggest that deuterons could explode when hit hard enough, which directly challenged research coming out of the Cavendish, the place where artificial nuclear fission had first been discovered.

After the New York Times and Time published pieces on Lawrence and his new theory, the Cavendish tested it and disproved it.

They found, as Hiltzik bluntly puts it, that "Lawrence's targets were contaminated—his supposed great discovery the product of poor technique."

Lawrence refused to believe his theory was faulty, continuing to promote it until his childhood friend Merle Tuve, also a renowned physicist, checked his results.

"Dear Ernie," Tuve wrote, "we reached the astounding conclusion that we were unable to check a single one of the observations which you have reported."

To add insult to injury, scientists at the Cavendish discovered two new isotopes—tritium and helium-3—while performing the same experiments.

After more such mistakes Lawrence learned his lesson and, according to Hiltzik, reoriented his laboratory "toward much more careful research."

Lawrence's efforts paid off when he found a new radioactive isotope of sodium in 1934.

Rather than rushing to make an announcement, Lawrence painstakingly reviewed his work and detailed his methodology in a long report sent to the journal Physical Review.

His work was of great use for research in the physics and medical communities, and his more mature approach buoyed his reputation.

Lawrence went on to win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1939 for the creation of the cyclotron and for the discoveries he made with his machine.

Still, his inability to correct for all his habits of mind led to some serious professional mistakes, including his consistent advocacy for keeping politics out of the Rad Lab.

Lawrence believed scientific work to be removed from the political realm, and he did not approve of his staff discussing politics in the lab or having opinions about the political implications of their research.

Lawrence felt scientific activism led to "frittering away so much time and energy on political problems, when [the scientists] could be devoting themselves to scientific pursuits."

But Lawrence's career took him through the Great Depression, World War II, and the Cold War, and he alienated many talented scientists who weren't willing to keep politics out of their lives.

Despite his assertions Lawrence was not truly apolitical.

The funders who kept his cyclotrons running and with whom he rubbed shoulders were often very conservative men, and they influenced him.

When Lawrence received a government Works Progress Administration (WPA) grant during the Depression to hire out-of-work shop craftsmen, many of his private foundation funders balked at the idea of being associated with a New Deal program.

Ludwig Kast of the Macy Foundation, one of his largest funders, worried that if the WPA was overturned by the Supreme Court, the foundation's and the WPA's dual support of the Rad Lab would be incriminating and indicate "that [the foundation has] something to do with sinister communist tendencies."

In response, Lawrence removed all acknowledgment of WPA funds from research papers involving work supported by the Macy Foundation.

Despite his great success in executing his big scientific ideas, Lawrence failed at managing his lab in this one way: he could not keep politics out.

In 1947, with McCarthyism under way, the California legislature's Un-American Activities Committee began to investigate security at Berkeley, considered a sanctuary for leftists by committee members.

Their concerns moved the AEC, under pressure from the House Un-American Activities Committee, to form regional security boards.

Jack Neylan, a personal friend and patron of Lawrence's and a regent at the university, headed the board at Berkeley and began investigating members of the faculty for Communist sympathies.

Lawrence did not view these investigations as a systemic problem: he "accepted the rules, focusing his efforts on a defense of the accused rather than an attack on the system."

He saved a number of Rad Lab staffers from being fired by acting as a character reference, but he would not speak out against the investigations themselves.

His primary motivation in getting involved was to keep his team intact.

Outside of the Rad Lab he stayed away from the government's inquisition.

Frank Oppenheimer, Robert's brother and a former Rad Lab staffer, was accused of Communist activity while working at the University of Minnesota, in a post for which Lawrence had heartily recommended him.

Lawrence refused to let Frank visit the Rad Lab while he was under suspicion and even asked a mutual friend to rescind a dinner invitation to him.

The accusations eventually cost Frank his job.

By 1949 anti-Communist pressure had escalated, and all Berkeley appointees were required to take an oath that they disavowed the Communist Party and did not support "any party or organization that believes in, advocates, or teaches the overthrow of the United States Government."

This demand outraged many of the faculty, especially those who were immigrants and had lived under totalitarian regimes in Europe.

What Lawrence saw as "byzantine quibbles," members of his team saw as a violation of academic freedom.

When physicist Gian-Carlo Wick declined to take the oath, Lawrence argued with him; Wick refused to back down, and Lawrence told him to "get the hell out of the Rad Lab."

Those who refused to sign the oath were dismissed.

Many of the people who did sign began to look for other positions, as their once creative, open environment had soured.

In the end the Rad Lab lost vital talent.

Four years later Lawrence's testimony led to the removal of Robert Oppenheimer's security clearance.

The physics community did not look kindly on Lawrence's involvement.

As Hiltzik writes, "A great deal of obloquy fell on [him] and his colleagues at the Rad Lab, who had stood united, and virtually alone, against Oppenheimer."

Also testifying on behalf of Oppenheimer was Lansdale, who was involved in the Army's surveillance and investigation of Oppenheimer during the war. Lansdale, a lawyer, was not intimidated by Robb. He testified that Oppenheimer was not a Communist, and that he was "loyal and discreet".
 Ernest Lawrence was known to dislike political activities, seeing them as a waste of time better spent on scientific research. He did not oppose the investigations of Oppenheimer or others, tending to distance himself from those under investigation rather than supporting them. He said he was unable to testify at the Oppenheimer hearing because of illness. On April 26, Lawrence suffered a severe colitis attack. The next day, Lawrence called Lewis Strauss and told him that his brother, a doctor, had ordered him to return home and that he would not be testifying. Lawrence suffered with colitis until his death during colostomy surgery, on August 27, 1958. However, an interview transcript in which Lawrence stated that Oppenheimer "should never again have anything to do with the forming of policy" was presented at the hearing, and several other members of Lawrence's Radiation laboratory did testify against Oppenheimer in person. This resulted in later ill-feeling from the scientific community towards Lawrence.


He was appointed as the Minister for Housing and Works.

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PRESIDENT Mamnoon Hussain administering the oath of office to federal ministers at Aiwan-i-Sadr on Friday.

Prime Minister Shahid Khaqan Abbasi on Friday formed a 43-member cabinet with 27 federal ministers and 16 ministers of state, besides creating five new ministries and their divisions.

Some changes have been made in the cabinet with induction of new faces, while former interior minister Chaudhry Nisar Ali Khan did not become a part of the new prime minister's team, as he had already announced.

Mr Abbasi ordered that federal ministers and secretaries of their ministries would not travel abroad at the same time and would have to inform his office prior to going on foreign visits.

Federal ministers, secretaries barred from leaving country simultaneously

President Mamnoon Hussain administered the oath to 43 cabinet members at a ceremony attended by Prime Minister Abbasi, National Assembly Speaker Sardar Ayaz Sadiq, PM's Personal Secretary Fawad Hassan Fawad, diplomats and senior bureaucrats.

Following the oath-taking ceremony, the prime minister chaired the first meeting of his cabinet and made some important decisions.

Portfolios have so far been awarded to 39 cabinet members — 26 federal ministers and 13 ministers of state.

The new cabinet is bigger than the last one, which had 36 members.

According to the 18th Constitution Amendment, the size of the federal cabinet should be not more than 11 per cent of the total strength of the National Assembly and Senate, which means that the maximum number is 47, not leaving much choice for the new prime minister for further inductions.

The Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam-Fazl (JUI-F) managed to get two federal ministries in the new cabinet against one in the last.

Maulana Ameer Zaman is the second leader of the party inducted into the cabinet with the Ministry of Postal Services.

Akram Khan Durrani is the Housing Minister.

Absence of Daniyal Aziz in the ceremony was noticed as his name was on the list of ministers of state issued by the presidency.

It was learnt that he was eyeing a full ministry and did not agree to accept the slot of Minister of State for Kashmir Affairs offered to him.

The name of ruling Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) MNA Mumtaz Ahmed Tarar was replaced with Sardar Awais Ahmed Khan Leghari.

The earlier official list carried the name of Mr Tarar, but not Mr Leghari's.

However, the oath as a member of the cabinet was taken by Mr Leghari.

Mr Tarar was offered the Ministry of Science and Technology but, according to the notification issued later, his name was not in the list of ministers.

He told Dawn that he had declined the ministry offered to him.

It is believed that Mr Leghari's name was included in a bid to have a stronghold of the N-League in south Punjab by securing more seats of the National Assembly from the region in the general elections scheduled next year.

In the 43-member cabinet, 11 belong to south Punjab — Awais Leghari, Syed Javed Ali Shah, Muhammad Baleeghur Rehman, Riaz Hussain Pirzada and Sikandar Hayat Khan Bosan as federal ministers and Abdul Rehman Khan Kanju, Mohsin Shahnawaz Ranjha, Haji Muhammad Akram Ansari, Sardar Muhammad Arshad Khan Leghari and Muhammad Junaid Anwar Chaudhry as ministers of state.

Although no official list of cabinet members with their portfolios was issued, it was available on the official website of the National Assembly.

According to the list, Ishaq Dar, who has become quite controversial after the Supreme Court sent his case to the National Accountability Bureau for being involved in the Panama Papers case, retained his office as Finance Minister.

Khawaja Asif, who served as defence minister in ousted prime minister Nawaz Sharif's cabinet, became Foreign Minister.

He is the first foreign minister in this government as the ministry was earlier overseen by Mr Sharif.

Ahsan Iqbal took the oath as Interior Minister and his previous ministry — planning and development — will work directly under the prime minister.

Mushahidullah Khan, who had been removed from the federal cabinet by Mr Sharif over his controversial remarks against the military establishment, rejoined the cabinet as federal Minister for Climate Change.

Khurram Dastgir was given the ministry of defence and was replaced by Pervez Malik as Commerce Minister.

Baleeghur Rehman, who was the minister of state for interior and education in the last cabinet, was elevated as federal Education Minister.

A newcomer in the cabinet, Hafiz Abdul Kareem, was given the portfolio of communications ministry and retired Lt Gen Abdul Qadir Baloch retained the ministry of States and Frontier Regions.

Sheikh Aftab and Akram Durrani also retained their ministries of parliamentary affairs and housing, respectively.

Rana Tanvir Hussain will serve the Defence Production Minister.

Ghulam Murtaza Jatoi will look after the ministry of industries and production and Riaz Pirzada will hold his previous ministry of inter-provincial coordination.

PML-N legal wizard Zahid Hamid will remain law minister, while Mir Hasil Khan Bizenjo and Khawaja Saad Rafiq will retain the ministries of posts and shipping and railways.

Sardar Muhammad Yousuf will continue Religious Affairs Minister.

Saira Afzal Tarar, who was minister of state for national health services and coordination in the last cabinet, wads made federal minister Marriyum Aurangzeb was given her previous assignment of Minister of State for Information and Tariq Fazal Chaudhry of Minister of State for Capital Administration and Development.

Shahnawaz Ranjha, a former parliamentary secretary, was made a minister of state.

Talal Chaudhry, another new induction, was appointed Minister of State for Interior.

During the first cabinet meeting, Mr Abbasi issued several directives to the ministers regarding the functioning of their ministries.

He said the federal ministers may not seek permission for travel abroad only if the visit was required in the line of the performance of their duties related to their ministries and divisions.

He said the ministers should inform the Prime Minister Office about the dates on which their official travel was required.

He said the ministers would have full authority for allowing the ministers of state and all officers working in their ministries, divisions, attached departments and autonomous bodies under their control, but as a matter of policy, a federal minister and secretary should not travel at the same time unless absolutely necessary, in which case the prime minister should be informed in advance.

Mr Abbasi asked all the ministers to work diligently and complete all ongoing projects on top priority with utmost transparency and quality of work.

The prime minister formed five new ministries of narcotics, privatisation, statistics, water resource and postal service.

Earlier these divisions were working with other ministries.

Also, with the appointment of parliamentary secretaries Talal Chaudhry and Mohsin Ranjha as ministers of state, their previous posts became vacant.

Now the government has to appoint new parliamentary secretaries.

With the induction into the cabinet of four chairmen of NA standing committees, these posts also fell vacant.

Awais Leghari was chairman of the standing committee on foreign affairs, Hafiz Abdul Karim religious affairs, Arshad Leghari water and power and Junaid Chaudhry rules and procedure.

## With foodpanda, the country's most loved pizza is now just a tap away

A generation grew up munching on Pizza Hut's Chicken Tikka pizza, and now you can order it via the foodpanda app!

## Champions need to get back to work: Arthur

## New cabinet takes oath: Khawaja Asif foreign minister, Ahsan Iqbal interior minister

 In 2013 Pakistani general election he was elected as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan. He also won provincial assembly seat which he relinquished in order to retain his national assembly seat.
 Durrani was appointed as Minister for Housing & Works by the President of Pakistan Mamnoon Hussain on the advice of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif on 29 August 2013.
 On 27 November 2015, Durrani survived an attempt on his life as his convoy came under a bomb attack in Narmikhail area of Bannu.
 He had ceased to hold ministerial office in July 2017 when the federal cabinet was disbanded following the resignation of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif after Panama Papers case decision. Following the election of Shahid Khaqan Abbasi as Prime Minister of Pakistan in August 2017, he was inducted into the federal cabinet of Abbasi.


This was the second time he was appointed for this position.

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PRESIDENT Mamnoon Hussain administering the oath of office to federal ministers at Aiwan-i-Sadr on Friday.

Prime Minister Shahid Khaqan Abbasi on Friday formed a 43-member cabinet with 27 federal ministers and 16 ministers of state, besides creating five new ministries and their divisions.

Some changes have been made in the cabinet with induction of new faces, while former interior minister Chaudhry Nisar Ali Khan did not become a part of the new prime minister's team, as he had already announced.

Mr Abbasi ordered that federal ministers and secretaries of their ministries would not travel abroad at the same time and would have to inform his office prior to going on foreign visits.

Federal ministers, secretaries barred from leaving country simultaneously

President Mamnoon Hussain administered the oath to 43 cabinet members at a ceremony attended by Prime Minister Abbasi, National Assembly Speaker Sardar Ayaz Sadiq, PM's Personal Secretary Fawad Hassan Fawad, diplomats and senior bureaucrats.

Following the oath-taking ceremony, the prime minister chaired the first meeting of his cabinet and made some important decisions.

Portfolios have so far been awarded to 39 cabinet members — 26 federal ministers and 13 ministers of state.

The new cabinet is bigger than the last one, which had 36 members.

According to the 18th Constitution Amendment, the size of the federal cabinet should be not more than 11 per cent of the total strength of the National Assembly and Senate, which means that the maximum number is 47, not leaving much choice for the new prime minister for further inductions.

The Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam-Fazl (JUI-F) managed to get two federal ministries in the new cabinet against one in the last.

Maulana Ameer Zaman is the second leader of the party inducted into the cabinet with the Ministry of Postal Services.

Akram Khan Durrani is the Housing Minister.

Absence of Daniyal Aziz in the ceremony was noticed as his name was on the list of ministers of state issued by the presidency.

It was learnt that he was eyeing a full ministry and did not agree to accept the slot of Minister of State for Kashmir Affairs offered to him.

The name of ruling Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) MNA Mumtaz Ahmed Tarar was replaced with Sardar Awais Ahmed Khan Leghari.

The earlier official list carried the name of Mr Tarar, but not Mr Leghari's.

However, the oath as a member of the cabinet was taken by Mr Leghari.

Mr Tarar was offered the Ministry of Science and Technology but, according to the notification issued later, his name was not in the list of ministers.

He told Dawn that he had declined the ministry offered to him.

It is believed that Mr Leghari's name was included in a bid to have a stronghold of the N-League in south Punjab by securing more seats of the National Assembly from the region in the general elections scheduled next year.

In the 43-member cabinet, 11 belong to south Punjab — Awais Leghari, Syed Javed Ali Shah, Muhammad Baleeghur Rehman, Riaz Hussain Pirzada and Sikandar Hayat Khan Bosan as federal ministers and Abdul Rehman Khan Kanju, Mohsin Shahnawaz Ranjha, Haji Muhammad Akram Ansari, Sardar Muhammad Arshad Khan Leghari and Muhammad Junaid Anwar Chaudhry as ministers of state.

Although no official list of cabinet members with their portfolios was issued, it was available on the official website of the National Assembly.

According to the list, Ishaq Dar, who has become quite controversial after the Supreme Court sent his case to the National Accountability Bureau for being involved in the Panama Papers case, retained his office as Finance Minister.

Khawaja Asif, who served as defence minister in ousted prime minister Nawaz Sharif's cabinet, became Foreign Minister.

He is the first foreign minister in this government as the ministry was earlier overseen by Mr Sharif.

Ahsan Iqbal took the oath as Interior Minister and his previous ministry — planning and development — will work directly under the prime minister.

Mushahidullah Khan, who had been removed from the federal cabinet by Mr Sharif over his controversial remarks against the military establishment, rejoined the cabinet as federal Minister for Climate Change.

Khurram Dastgir was given the ministry of defence and was replaced by Pervez Malik as Commerce Minister.

Baleeghur Rehman, who was the minister of state for interior and education in the last cabinet, was elevated as federal Education Minister.

A newcomer in the cabinet, Hafiz Abdul Kareem, was given the portfolio of communications ministry and retired Lt Gen Abdul Qadir Baloch retained the ministry of States and Frontier Regions.

Sheikh Aftab and Akram Durrani also retained their ministries of parliamentary affairs and housing, respectively.

Rana Tanvir Hussain will serve the Defence Production Minister.

Ghulam Murtaza Jatoi will look after the ministry of industries and production and Riaz Pirzada will hold his previous ministry of inter-provincial coordination.

PML-N legal wizard Zahid Hamid will remain law minister, while Mir Hasil Khan Bizenjo and Khawaja Saad Rafiq will retain the ministries of posts and shipping and railways.

Sardar Muhammad Yousuf will continue Religious Affairs Minister.

Saira Afzal Tarar, who was minister of state for national health services and coordination in the last cabinet, wads made federal minister Marriyum Aurangzeb was given her previous assignment of Minister of State for Information and Tariq Fazal Chaudhry of Minister of State for Capital Administration and Development.

Shahnawaz Ranjha, a former parliamentary secretary, was made a minister of state.

Talal Chaudhry, another new induction, was appointed Minister of State for Interior.

During the first cabinet meeting, Mr Abbasi issued several directives to the ministers regarding the functioning of their ministries.

He said the federal ministers may not seek permission for travel abroad only if the visit was required in the line of the performance of their duties related to their ministries and divisions.

He said the ministers should inform the Prime Minister Office about the dates on which their official travel was required.

He said the ministers would have full authority for allowing the ministers of state and all officers working in their ministries, divisions, attached departments and autonomous bodies under their control, but as a matter of policy, a federal minister and secretary should not travel at the same time unless absolutely necessary, in which case the prime minister should be informed in advance.

Mr Abbasi asked all the ministers to work diligently and complete all ongoing projects on top priority with utmost transparency and quality of work.

The prime minister formed five new ministries of narcotics, privatisation, statistics, water resource and postal service.

Earlier these divisions were working with other ministries.

Also, with the appointment of parliamentary secretaries Talal Chaudhry and Mohsin Ranjha as ministers of state, their previous posts became vacant.

Now the government has to appoint new parliamentary secretaries.

With the induction into the cabinet of four chairmen of NA standing committees, these posts also fell vacant.

Awais Leghari was chairman of the standing committee on foreign affairs, Hafiz Abdul Karim religious affairs, Arshad Leghari water and power and Junaid Chaudhry rules and procedure.

## With foodpanda, the country's most loved pizza is now just a tap away

A generation grew up munching on Pizza Hut's Chicken Tikka pizza, and now you can order it via the foodpanda app!

## Champions need to get back to work: Arthur

## New cabinet takes oath: Khawaja Asif foreign minister, Ahsan Iqbal interior minister

 In 2013 Pakistani general election he was elected as the member of the National Assembly of Pakistan. He also won provincial assembly seat which he relinquished in order to retain his national assembly seat.
 Durrani was appointed as Minister for Housing & Works by the President of Pakistan Mamnoon Hussain on the advice of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif on 29 August 2013.
 On 27 November 2015, Durrani survived an attempt on his life as his convoy came under a bomb attack in Narmikhail area of Bannu.
 He had ceased to hold ministerial office in July 2017 when the federal cabinet was disbanded following the resignation of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif after Panama Papers case decision. Following the election of Shahid Khaqan Abbasi as Prime Minister of Pakistan in August 2017, he was inducted into the federal cabinet of Abbasi. He was appointed as the Minister for Housing and Works.


Rowney made his NHL debut on January 31, 2017.

(meta data) TITLE: AHL SLAP SHOTS - FEBRUARY 1, 2017 | Wilkes-Barre / Scranton Penguins

There weren't any American Hockey League games played yesterday, but it was still one of the busiest news days that the AHL has seen this season.

Here's a rundown of the big ticket items from Tuesday, January 31.

Photo by Joe Sargent/NHLI via Getty Images

CONGRATS CARTER – The piece of news that Wilkes-Barre/Scranton fans will be happiest about is the NHL debut of Carter Rowney.

The undrafted fourth-year pro was originally recalled by Pittsburgh last week when Evgeni Malkin was sidelined due to injury, but he didn't crack the lineup in his first stay with the team.

After being returned to NEPA and helping the Pens to wins over Utica and Binghamton last week, Rowney was recalled again by Pittsburgh on Monday, and suited up for the club in its 4-2 win over the Nashville Predators on Tuesday.

He logged 9:24 of ice time in the victory while skating alongside Bryan Rust and Carl Hagelin.

Rowney was among the hottest players on the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton roster headed into the AHL All-Star break.

After missing about a month and a half due to injury, Rowney returned to the Pens lineup on January 13 in Rochester.

He recorded eight points (5+3) during the next eight games, and posted a four-game goal streak from January 13-18, a career best for the 27-year old center.

Photo courtesy Rocket de Laval – http://www.rocketlaval.com

The Rocket de Laval, who will hit the ice next year serving as the Montreal Canadiens AHL affiliate, unveiled their logo and uniforms yesterday afternoon.

The team's uniforms feature the familiar red, white and blue of the parent club, and the team name pays homage to Maurice 'the Rocket' Richard, who played 18 seasons with the Canadiens, won eight Stanley Cups, and became the first player to record 50 goals in a season and 500 in a career.

The Rocket will play their home games at Place Bell, a 10,000 seat facility currently under construction.

ADIEU ALBANY – The New Jersey Devils announced that they will move their AHL club out of Albany and into Binghamton next season, and they signed a deal to keep hockey in New York's lower tier for the next five seasons.

The Ottawa Senators announced earlier this year that they would be relocating their minor league operations to Belleville, Ontario for the 2017-18 season, leaving the future of hockey in Binghamton in limbo for several months.

"After evaluating multiple scenarios and obtaining the approval of the AHL Board of Governors, we have agreed to partner with a local operating group in Binghamton, NY to relocate the franchise for the 2017-18 season," said Hugh Weber, President of the New Jersey Devils.

"The new arrangement will allow the organization to focus its efforts on developing our player prospects, while leaving the business operations to those with expertise in the market."

Albany has been home to an AHL team since 1993, when the Capital District Islanders moved from nearby Troy, New York and became the Albany River Rats.

The River Rats were affiliated with the Devils (1993-2006) and the Carolina Hurricanes (2006-10) during their tenure, with the Colorado Avalanche splitting the affiliation with Carolina in 2006-07.

When the Hurricanes relocated their AHL club to Charlotte, New Jersey moved it's minor league operations back to the capital city and dubbed them the Devils.

Tags: AHL, Albany Devils, Albany River Rats, American Hockey League, Binghamton Senators, Carolina Hurricanes, Carter Rowney, Charlotte Checkers, Hockey, National Hockey League, New Jersey Devils, NHL, Pittsburgh Penguins, Rocket de Laval, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins

Previous PostWARSOFSKY IMPRESSES IN HARDEST SHOT COMPETITIONNext PostPENGUINS HOME FOR THREE GAMES THIS WEEK

### WARSOFSKY IMPRESSES IN HARDEST SHOT COMPETITION

### PITTSBURGH ASSIGNS 18 TO WILKES-BARRE

PENGUINS ANNOUNCE CHANGE TO 2019-20 SCHEDULE

He played collegiate hockey for North Dakota's ice hockey team in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) from 2009 to 2013. In 2010–11 and 2011–12, Rowney was named to the All-WCHA Academic Team. On September 18, 2012, North Dakota suspended Rowney (along with teammates Andrew MacWilliam, Corban Knight and Danny Kristo) for the opening game of the 2012–13 season because of a violation of team rules that occurred during a team party.
 On April 9, 2013, Rowney signed an amateur tryout agreement with the Abbotsford Heat of the American Hockey League (AHL). On October 3, 2013, Rowney signed an AHL contract with the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins. He re-signed with Wilkes-Barre/Scranton on July 24, 2014, on another one-year AHL contract.
 On March 9, 2016, after three seasons playing with Wilkes-Barre/Scranton and the Wheeling Nailers of the ECHL, Rowney signed his first NHL contract, a two-year, two-way contract with the Pittsburgh Penguins worth an average annual value of $612,500. He was named the AHL Player of the Month for March 2016, recording 17 points in 12 games for Wilkes-Barre/Scranton.


Rowney made his NHL debut in Pittsburgh's game against the Nashville Predators.

(meta data) TITLE: AHL SLAP SHOTS - FEBRUARY 1, 2017 | Wilkes-Barre / Scranton Penguins

There weren't any American Hockey League games played yesterday, but it was still one of the busiest news days that the AHL has seen this season.

Here's a rundown of the big ticket items from Tuesday, January 31.

Photo by Joe Sargent/NHLI via Getty Images

CONGRATS CARTER – The piece of news that Wilkes-Barre/Scranton fans will be happiest about is the NHL debut of Carter Rowney.

The undrafted fourth-year pro was originally recalled by Pittsburgh last week when Evgeni Malkin was sidelined due to injury, but he didn't crack the lineup in his first stay with the team.

After being returned to NEPA and helping the Pens to wins over Utica and Binghamton last week, Rowney was recalled again by Pittsburgh on Monday, and suited up for the club in its 4-2 win over the Nashville Predators on Tuesday.

He logged 9:24 of ice time in the victory while skating alongside Bryan Rust and Carl Hagelin.

Rowney was among the hottest players on the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton roster headed into the AHL All-Star break.

After missing about a month and a half due to injury, Rowney returned to the Pens lineup on January 13 in Rochester.

He recorded eight points (5+3) during the next eight games, and posted a four-game goal streak from January 13-18, a career best for the 27-year old center.

Photo courtesy Rocket de Laval – http://www.rocketlaval.com

The Rocket de Laval, who will hit the ice next year serving as the Montreal Canadiens AHL affiliate, unveiled their logo and uniforms yesterday afternoon.

The team's uniforms feature the familiar red, white and blue of the parent club, and the team name pays homage to Maurice 'the Rocket' Richard, who played 18 seasons with the Canadiens, won eight Stanley Cups, and became the first player to record 50 goals in a season and 500 in a career.

The Rocket will play their home games at Place Bell, a 10,000 seat facility currently under construction.

ADIEU ALBANY – The New Jersey Devils announced that they will move their AHL club out of Albany and into Binghamton next season, and they signed a deal to keep hockey in New York's lower tier for the next five seasons.

The Ottawa Senators announced earlier this year that they would be relocating their minor league operations to Belleville, Ontario for the 2017-18 season, leaving the future of hockey in Binghamton in limbo for several months.

"After evaluating multiple scenarios and obtaining the approval of the AHL Board of Governors, we have agreed to partner with a local operating group in Binghamton, NY to relocate the franchise for the 2017-18 season," said Hugh Weber, President of the New Jersey Devils.

"The new arrangement will allow the organization to focus its efforts on developing our player prospects, while leaving the business operations to those with expertise in the market."

Albany has been home to an AHL team since 1993, when the Capital District Islanders moved from nearby Troy, New York and became the Albany River Rats.

The River Rats were affiliated with the Devils (1993-2006) and the Carolina Hurricanes (2006-10) during their tenure, with the Colorado Avalanche splitting the affiliation with Carolina in 2006-07.

When the Hurricanes relocated their AHL club to Charlotte, New Jersey moved it's minor league operations back to the capital city and dubbed them the Devils.

Tags: AHL, Albany Devils, Albany River Rats, American Hockey League, Binghamton Senators, Carolina Hurricanes, Carter Rowney, Charlotte Checkers, Hockey, National Hockey League, New Jersey Devils, NHL, Pittsburgh Penguins, Rocket de Laval, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins

Previous PostWARSOFSKY IMPRESSES IN HARDEST SHOT COMPETITIONNext PostPENGUINS HOME FOR THREE GAMES THIS WEEK

### WARSOFSKY IMPRESSES IN HARDEST SHOT COMPETITION

### PITTSBURGH ASSIGNS 18 TO WILKES-BARRE

PENGUINS ANNOUNCE CHANGE TO 2019-20 SCHEDULE

He played collegiate hockey for North Dakota's ice hockey team in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) from 2009 to 2013. In 2010–11 and 2011–12, Rowney was named to the All-WCHA Academic Team. On September 18, 2012, North Dakota suspended Rowney (along with teammates Andrew MacWilliam, Corban Knight and Danny Kristo) for the opening game of the 2012–13 season because of a violation of team rules that occurred during a team party.
 On April 9, 2013, Rowney signed an amateur tryout agreement with the Abbotsford Heat of the American Hockey League (AHL). On October 3, 2013, Rowney signed an AHL contract with the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins. He re-signed with Wilkes-Barre/Scranton on July 24, 2014, on another one-year AHL contract.
 On March 9, 2016, after three seasons playing with Wilkes-Barre/Scranton and the Wheeling Nailers of the ECHL, Rowney signed his first NHL contract, a two-year, two-way contract with the Pittsburgh Penguins worth an average annual value of $612,500. He was named the AHL Player of the Month for March 2016, recording 17 points in 12 games for Wilkes-Barre/Scranton. Rowney made his NHL debut on January 31, 2017.


The mission was led by the friars Juan de Salas and Juan de Ortega.

(meta data) TITLE: SALAS, JUAN DE | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)

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Fray Juan de Salas, Spanish religious official, came to New Mexico with Alonso de Benavides in 1622 and worked at Isleta mission, at the site of present Albuquerque.

In 1629 Jumano Indians went to the monastery and asked for religious instruction, stating that they came at the request of the "Woman in Blue," María de Jesús de Agreda.

In July of that year Salas and Fray Diego León visited Jumanos and labored among them for some months in an area 300 miles east and southeast of Isleta.

Tribes further east sent messengers to ask the fathers to come to teach them, and the padres promised that they would return with other priests.

In 1632 Salas again set out for the Jumano country, this time with Father Juan de Ortega and a few soldiers.

He probably penetrated as far as the site of present San Angelo, Texas, then returned to Santa Fe, leaving Ortega, who worked in the area for six months before also returning.

Carlos E. Castañeda, Our Catholic Heritage in Texas (7 vols., Austin: Von Boeckmann-Jones, 1936–58; rpt., New York: Arno, 1976).

Charles W. Hackett, ed., Pichardo's Treatise on the Limits of Louisiana and Texas (4 vols., Austin: University of Texas Press, 1931–46).

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Published by the Texas State Historical Association.

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Prior to the arrival of Europeans, San Angelo was the center of the Jumano people. As of 1600, the area had been inhabited for over a thousand years by succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples.
 In 1632, a short-lived mission of Franciscans under Spanish auspices was founded in the area to serve the Indians.


(meta data) TITLE: SALAS, JUAN DE | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State Historical Association (TSHA)

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Fray Juan de Salas, Spanish religious official, came to New Mexico with Alonso de Benavides in 1622 and worked at Isleta mission, at the site of present Albuquerque.

In 1629 Jumano Indians went to the monastery and asked for religious instruction, stating that they came at the request of the "Woman in Blue," María de Jesús de Agreda.

In July of that year Salas and Fray Diego León visited Jumanos and labored among them for some months in an area 300 miles east and southeast of Isleta.

Tribes further east sent messengers to ask the fathers to come to teach them, and the padres promised that they would return with other priests.

In 1632 Salas again set out for the Jumano country, this time with Father Juan de Ortega and a few soldiers.

He probably penetrated as far as the site of present San Angelo, Texas, then returned to Santa Fe, leaving Ortega, who worked in the area for six months before also returning.

Carlos E. Castañeda, Our Catholic Heritage in Texas (7 vols., Austin: Von Boeckmann-Jones, 1936–58; rpt., New York: Arno, 1976).

Charles W. Hackett, ed., Pichardo's Treatise on the Limits of Louisiana and Texas (4 vols., Austin: University of Texas Press, 1931–46).

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Published by the Texas State Historical Association.

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Prior to the arrival of Europeans, San Angelo was the center of the Jumano people. As of 1600, the area had been inhabited for over a thousand years by succeeding cultures of indigenous peoples.
 In 1632, a short-lived mission of Franciscans under Spanish auspices was founded in the area to serve the Indians. The mission was led by the friars Juan de Salas and Juan de Ortega.


Jackson began suffering from severe depression and anxiety.

(meta data) TITLE: Janet Discusses Depression With "Newsweek" - MTV

(meta data) AUTHOR: http://www.facebook.com/mtvnews

(meta data) PUBLISHED DATETIME: 1997-11-11 14:30

# Janet Discusses Depression With "Newsweek"

Janet Jackson's return to record racks was a long difficult one according to an article in the new issue of "Newsweek" magazine.

Very down," Janet tells "Newsweek" of the two year bout of depression that nearly stalled production of her "Velvet Rope" album.

There were times when I felt very hopeless and helpless, and I felt like walls were kind of closing in on me."

Jackson tells "Newsweek" that the depression began building in her childhood, and stems not from her family but rather from humiliating experiences with her teachers.

She goes on to say that the depression was so bad during the recording of "Velvet Rope" that she occasionally broke down into tears in the studio, bringing recording to a halt.

Things have taken a significant upswing for the singer since those days.

Jackson recently visited Sydney, Australia to make a personal appearance for her "Velvet Rope" album,

which debuted at number one in its first week in stores.

Despite its chart-topping start, some considered Jackson's sales sluggish (the new album sold some 200,000 copies in its first week as opposed to 350,000 for her last effort, "janet"), and the singer has since changed her management team.

Perhaps more important than new management to the potential success of "Velvet Rope" is Jackson's new single.

The singer is following 'Got 'Til It's Gone" with the more dance-friendly "'Together Again," which is reportedly already causing radio programmers to prick up their ears.

Life and career.:1997–1999: "The Velvet Rope".


Severe depression and anxiety led her to chronicle the experience in her sixth album.

Jackson began suffering from severe depression and anxiety.


Jackson began suffering from severe depression and anxiety. Severe depression and anxiety led her to chronicle the experience in her sixth album.


"The Velvet Rope" was released October 1997.

Jackson began suffering from severe depression and anxiety. Severe depression and anxiety led her to chronicle the experience in her sixth album. Her sixth album was "The Velvet Rope."


The following day, his contract was purchased by the Seattle Mariners.

(meta data) TITLE: Seattle Mariners Purchase Contract of RHP Christian Bergman

(meta data) PUBLISHED DATETIME: Apr 16 2019

# Seattle Mariners Purchase Contract of RHP Christian Bergman

The Sugar Land Skeeters today announced that the contract of right-hander Christian Bergman has been purchased by the Seattle Mariners.

Bergman is the first member of the Skeeters' 2019 roster to have his contract purchased by an outside professional baseball organization.

The Skeeters had 14 contracts purchased in 2018, which was the franchise's single-season record.

Bergman, 30, made three appearances with the Mariners in 2018, going 0-1 with a 5.79 ERA.

He also appeared in 13 games with the Mariners at the Major League level in 2017.

He spent the beginning of the 2019 season in Spring Training with the Chicago Cubs.

The Colorado Rockies drafted Bergman in the 24th round of the 2010 MLB Draft out of UC Irvine.

The California native made his Major League debut with the Rockies in 2014 and appeared with them at the MLB level from 2015-16 as well.

Through five Major League seasons, Bergman is 11-15 with a 5.59 ERA (215.2 IP) and a 2.65 strikeout-to-walk ratio.

While at the Minor League level with the Rockies, Bergman was selected as a California League Mid-Season All-Star in 2012 with High-A Modesto and a Texas League Mid-Season All-Star in 2013 with Double-A Tulsa.

In 2012, he was selected as an MiLB.com Rockies Organization All-Star and was named High-A Modesto's Pitcher of the Year after going 16-5 with a 3.65 ERA in 27 starts.

Bergman was named to the Big West All-Conference First Team his sophomore year at UC Irvine in 2008 after recording a 1.94 ERA through 25 outings.

The Skeeters, winners of the 2018 Atlantic League Championship, open the 2019 season on April 25 at Constellation Field against the Southern Maryland Blue Crabs.

Individual tickets, season tickets and mini plans for the 2019 season are currently available and can be purchased by visiting sugarlandskeeters.com, the TDECU Ticket Office at Constellation Field, or by calling the Skeeters at 281-240-4487.

Visit SugarLandSkeeters.com and follow us on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter (@SL_Skeeters) for all the latest team news and the latest on events to be hosted at Constellation Field.

Become a Sugar Land Skeeters Partner Today

Professional career.:Seattle Mariners (second stint).

On April 15, 2019, Bergman signed with the Sugar Land Skeeters of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball.


This occurred before the start of the ALPB season.

(meta data) TITLE: Seattle Mariners Purchase Contract of RHP Christian Bergman

(meta data) PUBLISHED DATETIME: Apr 16 2019

# Seattle Mariners Purchase Contract of RHP Christian Bergman

The Sugar Land Skeeters today announced that the contract of right-hander Christian Bergman has been purchased by the Seattle Mariners.

Bergman is the first member of the Skeeters' 2019 roster to have his contract purchased by an outside professional baseball organization.

The Skeeters had 14 contracts purchased in 2018, which was the franchise's single-season record.

Bergman, 30, made three appearances with the Mariners in 2018, going 0-1 with a 5.79 ERA.

He also appeared in 13 games with the Mariners at the Major League level in 2017.

He spent the beginning of the 2019 season in Spring Training with the Chicago Cubs.

The Colorado Rockies drafted Bergman in the 24th round of the 2010 MLB Draft out of UC Irvine.

The California native made his Major League debut with the Rockies in 2014 and appeared with them at the MLB level from 2015-16 as well.

Through five Major League seasons, Bergman is 11-15 with a 5.59 ERA (215.2 IP) and a 2.65 strikeout-to-walk ratio.

While at the Minor League level with the Rockies, Bergman was selected as a California League Mid-Season All-Star in 2012 with High-A Modesto and a Texas League Mid-Season All-Star in 2013 with Double-A Tulsa.

In 2012, he was selected as an MiLB.com Rockies Organization All-Star and was named High-A Modesto's Pitcher of the Year after going 16-5 with a 3.65 ERA in 27 starts.

Bergman was named to the Big West All-Conference First Team his sophomore year at UC Irvine in 2008 after recording a 1.94 ERA through 25 outings.

The Skeeters, winners of the 2018 Atlantic League Championship, open the 2019 season on April 25 at Constellation Field against the Southern Maryland Blue Crabs.

Individual tickets, season tickets and mini plans for the 2019 season are currently available and can be purchased by visiting sugarlandskeeters.com, the TDECU Ticket Office at Constellation Field, or by calling the Skeeters at 281-240-4487.

Visit SugarLandSkeeters.com and follow us on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter (@SL_Skeeters) for all the latest team news and the latest on events to be hosted at Constellation Field.

Become a Sugar Land Skeeters Partner Today

On April 15, 2019, Bergman signed with the Sugar Land Skeeters of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. The following day, his contract was purchased by the Seattle Mariners.


He later became the first commander of a Field Training Detachment (FTD 523) back at Nellis AFB.

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As a distinguished Air Force officer and intrepid astronaut; as a bold and courageous pioneer who spearheaded the American conquest of space; as Command Module pilot on mankind's historic first landing on the moon; as an Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs who initiated progressive and dynamic educational programs for the nation's youth; and as the architect whose vision foresight and innovative leadership created the National Air and Space Museum, Michael Collins has served his country with distinction and integrity in a wide variety of endeavors throughout a career spanning nearly five decades.

Born in Rome, Italy, in 1930, Michael Collins graduated from the Military Academy in 1952 and was commissioned in the Air Force.

Following pilot training at a number of bases, he was assigned to Nellis Air Force Base for advanced day fighter training in F-86 Sabrejets.

Upon completion of the eleven-week course, he was assigned to the 21st Fighter-Bomber Wing at Victorville, California.

In December 1954, the Wing was transferred to France, where he flew F-86 fighters until late 1957.

He then returned to the United States to attend an aircraft maintenance officers course at Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois.

He completed the nine-month course in six months and was then assigned as an instructor at the school.

For two years, Captain Collins commanded a Mobile Training Detachment, and later, a Field Training Detachment at Chanute and Nellis Air Force Bases.

In 1960, he was assigned to the Air Force Experimental Flight Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, California.

In 1961, Captain Collins completed Test Pilot School and was assigned to Fighter Operations.

For the next two years at Edwards Air Force Base he tested new, sophisticated, and experimental Air Force fighters.

Determined to improve his qualifications for selection as an astronaut, he enrolled in the newly established Aerospace Research Pilot School in 1963.

Later that year, he was chosen as one of fourteen new astronauts from an original list of 271 applicants.

In the Spring of 1964, then Major Collins began his six-year career as an astronaut.

Two years later, he commanded the Gemini 10 mission, setting a world altitude record and taking on the important task of walking in space to service an orbiting satellite.

As the 17th American in space, Michael Collins was the first astronaut to walk out twice during a single mission, and in doing so, he helped to demonstrate the growing potential of man to perform the tasks essential to building and maintaining useful satellites in earth orbit.

This mission projected him into national prominence portending the spectacular success of Apollo 11 just three years in the future.

In July, 1969, Colonel Collins became the Command Module pilot on Apollo 11, the historic first mission to land on the moon, and the most widely viewed and daring exploration of all time.

As Command Module Pilot, he circumnavigated the moon alone while Eagle Astronauts Armstrong and Aldrin descended to the lunar surface.

Colonel Collins was given the honor of addressing a joint session of Congress, and shortly thereafter he resigned his commission in the Air Force to take up the position of Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs.

His primary responsibility with State Department was focused on its relations with the American public, with special emphasis on communicating with our youth.

Assistant Secretary Collins initiated a comprehensive youth participation program with several forward-looking aspects.

His leadership made a strong impact and helped to provide a change in the essentially negative attitude on American campuses at the height of the Vietnam War.

In 1971, after fifteen months with the State Department, he was offered the opportunity to construct and then direct the newly authorized National Air and Space Museum.

Thus, Michael Collins began what became an enduring and vitally important contribution to America — the building and operation of the Smithsonian's most popular museum.

He was to spend seven years as the Museum's director, but first he was charged with the task of organizing a staff, constructing a building, and furnishing its exhibits in time for the opening on July 4, 1976, to celebrate the nation's bicentennial.

That he brought in this enterprise ahead of schedule and under budget was a remarkable achievement; that this museum continues to draw some ten million visitors a year after over twenty years of operation is a lasting testament to Michael Collins' understanding of the role it would play in fostering the public interest in air and space exploration.

He demonstrated an outstanding ability to direct, coordinate, and organize the efforts of a wide range of people: contractors, scientists, artists, preservationists, historians, and the air and space community at large.

A fitting capstone to a career spanning over thirty years of service to his country, the National Air and Space Museum enabled Michael Collins to realize his vision of teaching American youth their heritage and inspiring all to look to the future in space.

In 1970, he joined the Air Force Reserve, reaching the rank of major general in 1976.

His duties included mobilization planning at Headquarters, U.S. Air Force and Air Force Systems Command at Andrews Air Force Base.

Upon his retirement in 1982, he was lauded for his exemplary energy and intelligence in putting together the "best Reserve program of any major command in the Air Force."

After seven years as Director of the National Air and Space Museum, in 1978 General Collins was named Under Secretary for the Smithsonian Institution, responsible for administering its far-flung enterprises throughout this country and overseas.

His unique managerial skills enabled him to make an immediate and positive impact on the operations of the Smithsonian.

Upon his departure in 1980, his commendation stated that ". . . the Smithsonian and the Nation are forever indebted to him for his service."

In 1980, General Collins became Vice-President for Field Operations, Vought Corporation, a position he held until 1985, when he resigned to become an independent consultant.

Michael Collins is the author of several books on space.

In 1974 he wrote Carrying the Fire, describing his experiences in the space program.

It is the single best book of its genre and remains to this day the standard reference on space travel.

General Collins has been awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Collier Trophy, the Harmon Trophy, the Thomas D. White Trophy, and the Goddard Trophy.

The Air Force awarded him the Distinguished Service Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster and the Distinguished Flying Cross.

NASA awarded General Collins its Distinguished Service Medal and the Exceptional Service Medal.

Eleven foreign countries have decorated him for his space achievements.

His likeness appears on a Romanian stamp issue.

Among his many affiliations, he is a Fellow, American Astronautical Society; Fellow, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics; Board of Directors, Air Force Historical Foundation; Trustee, National Geographic Society; and a member of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots and the Washington Institute of Foreign Affairs.

He has been awarded honorary degrees from six colleges and universities.

General Collins' career exemplifies the purpose of the Military Academy: to produce graduates who will give a lifetime of service to this country.

In over thirty years of dedication to the ideals of West Point, Michael Collins has made permanent and invaluable contributions to the national security.

His resolute courage and peerless leadership as an astronaut on perilous and record-setting missions have insured his place in history's pantheon of eminent explorers.

No one has served his country better in a wide variety of difficult and challenging assignments than General Collins.

Accordingly, the Association of Graduates takes pride in presenting the 1998 Distinguished Graduate Award to Michael Collins, USMA Class of 1952.

To see more of the world, she was working for the Air Force service club. After getting engaged, they had to overcome a difference in religion. Collins was nominally Episcopalian, while Finnegan came from a staunchly Roman Catholic family. After seeking permission to marry from Finnegan's father, and delaying their wedding when Collins was redeployed to West Germany during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, they married in the summer of 1957. They had a daughter, actress Kate Collins, in 1959, a second daughter, Ann, in 1961 and a son, Michael, in 1963.
 After Collins returned to the United States in late 1957, he attended an aircraft maintenance officer course at Chanute Air Force Base, Illinois. He would later describe this school as "dismal" in his autobiography; he found the classwork boring, flying time scarce, and the equipment outdated. Upon completing the course, he commanded a Mobile Training Detachment (MTD) and traveled to air bases around the world. The detachment trained mechanics on the servicing of new aircraft, and pilots how to fly them.