premise: 3. This Agreement shall be inoperative as to particular portions of the Confidential Information disclosed by the Disclosing Party if such information:  (i) is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of disclosure by the Receiving Party, its Affiliates, or its or their Authorized Parties;  (ii) was available on a non-confidential basis prior to its disclosure to the Receiving Party;  (iii) is or becomes available to the Receiving Party, its Affiliates, or its or their Authorized Parties on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the Disclosing Party when such source is not, to the best of the Receiving Party’s knowledge, subject to a confidentiality obligation with the Disclosing Party; or  (iv) was independently developed by the Receiving Party, its Affiliates, or its or their Authorized Parties, without reference to the Confidential Information, and the Receiving Party can verify the development of such information by written documentation.