premise: 4. Each party's obligations under this Agreement shall not apply to information which:  (a) is known by the receiving party or is publicly available at the time of disclosure;  (b) becomes publicly available after disclosure by the disclosing party to the receiving party through no act of either party;  (c) is hereafter rightfully furnished to the receiving party by a third party without restriction as to use or disclosure;  (d) is disclosed with the prior written consent of the disclosing party;  (e) is information that was independently developed by the receiving party; or 