Question: If V gets out of the car at some time before Z does, then which one of the following could be true?

R is the second clown to get out of the car.

T is the fourth clown to get out of the car.

Q is the fourth clown to get out of the car.

V is the fifth clown to get out of the car.

Z is the sixth clown to get out of the car.


Each of six tasks—harvesting, milling, plowing, spinning, threshing, and weaving—will be demonstrated exactly once at a farm exhibition. No two tasks will be demonstrated concurrently. Three volunteers—Frank, Gladys, and Leslie—will each demonstrate exactly two of the tasks. The tasks must be demonstrated in accordance with the following conditions: Frank demonstrates exactly one task before Gladys demonstrates any of the tasks. Frank performs neither the first nor the last demonstration. Gladys demonstrates neither harvesting nor milling. Leslie demonstrates neither harvesting nor threshing. Milling is the next task demonstrated after threshing is demonstrated.

Question: Which one of the following is an acceptable list of the volunteers and the tasks each demonstrates, in order from the first to the last demonstration?

Frank: weaving; Gladys: threshing; Leslie: milling; Leslie: spinning; Frank: harvesting; Gladys: plowing

Leslie: plowing; Frank: harvesting; Frank: threshing; Leslie: milling; Gladys: spinning; Gladys: weaving

Leslie: plowing; Frank: spinning; Gladys: threshing; Leslie: milling; Frank: harvesting; Gladys: weaving

Leslie: spinning; Leslie: weaving; Frank: plowing; Gladys: harvesting; Frank: threshing; Gladys: milling

Leslie: weaving; Frank: threshing; Gladys: spinning; Leslie: milling; Frank: harvesting; Gladys: plowing


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

Frank demonstrates harvesting.
Frank demonstrates milling.
Frank demonstrates threshing.
Gladys demonstrates plowing.
Gladys demonstrates weaving.


Question: If Leslie performs the fourth demonstration, then harvesting could be the demonstration performed


Question: If Gladys demonstrates plowing immediately before Frank demonstrates threshing, which one of the following must be true?

Frank demonstrates harvesting for the second demonstration.

Gladys demonstrates spinning for the fifth demonstration.

Leslie demonstrates weaving for the first demonstration.

Gladys performs the fourth demonstration.

Leslie performs the sixth demonstration.


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

Frank performs the second demonstration.

Gladys performs the fourth demonstration.

Gladys performs the sixth demonstration.

Leslie performs the first demonstration.

Leslie performs the second demonstration.


Question: Which one of the following could be true?

Harvesting is demonstrated first.
Milling is demonstrated second.
Threshing is demonstrated first.
Threshing is demonstrated last.
Weaving is demonstrated first.


Musicians perform each of exactly five pieces—Nexus, Onyx, Synchrony, Tailwind, and Virtual—once, and one at a time; the pieces are performed successively (though not necessarily in that order). Each piece is performed with exactly two instruments: Nexus with fiddle and lute, Onyx with harp and mandolin, Synchrony with guitar and harp, Tailwind with fiddle and guitar, and Virtual with lute and mandolin. The following conditions must apply: Each piece shares one instrument with the piece performed immediately before it or after it (or both). Either Nexus or Tailwind is performed second.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order, from first to last, in which the pieces are performed?

Nexus, Synchrony, Onyx, Virtual, Tailwind

Synchrony, Tailwind, Onyx, Nexus, Virtual

Tailwind, Nexus, Onyx, Virtual, Synchrony

Tailwind, Nexus, Synchrony, Onyx, Virtual

Virtual, Nexus, Synchrony, Onyx, Tailwind


Question: Which one of the following instruments CANNOT be shared by the third and fourth pieces performed?


Question: If each piece (except the fifth) shares one instrument with the piece performed immediately after it, then which one of the following could be true?

Virtual is performed first.
Synchrony is performed second.
Onyx is performed third.
Nexus is performed fourth.
Tailwind is performed fifth.


Question: Each of the following could be the piece performed first EXCEPT:


Question: If Synchrony is performed fifth, then which one of the following could be true?

Nexus is performed third.
Onyx is performed third.
Tailwind is performed fourth.
Virtual is performed first.
Virtual is performed second.


Eight files will be ordered from first to eighth. Each file falls into exactly one of three categories: red files (H, M, O), green files (P, V, X), or yellow files (T, Z). The files must be ordered according to the following conditions: H must be placed into some position before O, but H cannot immediately precede O. X must be placed into some position before V. X and V must be separated by the same number of files as separate H and O. Z must immediately precede M. The first file cannot be a red file.

Question: Which one of the following is an acceptable ordering of the files from first to eighth?

H X O V Z M P T
P M Z H X O V T
P Z M H O T X V
X Z M V H T P O
Z M H P O X V T


Question: The largest possible number of files that can separate Z from H is


Question: If each of the three red files is immediately followed by a green file, which one of the following must be a yellow file?

the first
the second
the third
the fourth
the fifth


Question: The largest possible number of files that can separate X from V is


Question: If Z is placed in the fifth position, then which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the positions, any one of which could be H's position?

first, third, fourth
first, second, third
second, third, fourth
second, third, fourth, sixth
third, fourth, sixth, seventh


Of the five Pohl children—Sara, Theo, Uma, Will, and Zoe—three are left-handed and two are right-handed. Each of the five children was born in a different one of seven calendar years, 1990 through 1996. The following conditions apply: No two left-handed children were born in consecutive years. No two right-handed children were born in consecutive years. Sara, who is left-handed, was born before Uma. Zoe was born before both Theo and Will. A left-handed child was born in 1991. Uma, who is right-handed, was born in 1993.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate matching of each Pohl child with the year in which that child was born?


Question: If Sara was born before Zoe was born, then which one of the following statements CANNOT be true?

Will is left-handed.
Zoe is left-handed.
Theo was born after Will was born.
Uma was born after Zoe was born.
No child was born in 1990.


Question: Which one of the following must be false?

None of the children was born in 1990, nor was a child born in 1992.

None of the children was born in 1992, nor was a child born in 1995.

None of the children was born in 1994, nor was a child born in 1996.

One of the children was born in 1990, and another in 1993.

One of the children was born in 1993, and another in 1995.


Question: If Theo was born after Will was born, then how many sequential orderings of the children, from firstborn to lastborn, are possible?


Question: If none of the children was born in 1995, then which one of the following statements must be true?

Theo was born in 1994.
Will was born in 1994.
Will was born in 1996.
Zoe was born in 1990.
Zoe was born in 1994.


Question: If Theo is right-handed, then each of the following statements must be false EXCEPT:

Uma was born exactly three years before Theo was born.

Zoe was born exactly one year before Theo was born.


Question: If Zoe was born before Uma was born, then which one of the following statements must be false?

No child was born in 1992.
No child was born in 1995.
Theo is left-handed.
Zoe is left-handed.
Will is left-handed.


Charlie makes a soup by adding exactly six kinds of foods—kale, lentils, mushrooms, onions, tomatoes, and zucchini—to a broth, one food at a time. No food is added more than once. The order in which Charlie adds the foods to the broth must be consistent with the following: If the mushrooms are added third, then the lentils are added last. If the zucchini is added first, then the lentils are added at some time before the onions. Neither the tomatoes nor the kale is added fifth. The mushrooms are added at some time before the tomatoes or the kale, but not before both.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order in which the foods are added to the broth?

kale, mushrooms, onions, lentils, tomatoes, zucchini

kale, zucchini, mushrooms, tomatoes, lentils, onions

lentils, mushrooms, zucchini, kale, onions, tomatoes

zucchini, lentils, kale, mushrooms, onions, tomatoes

zucchini, tomatoes, onions, mushrooms, lentils, kale


Question: Which one of the following foods CANNOT be added first?


Question: If the lentils are added last, then which one of the following must be true?

At least one of the foods is added at some time before the zucchini.

At least two of the foods are added at some time before the kale.


Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate partial ordering of the foods added to the broth?

lentils: second; mushrooms: third
mushrooms: fourth; lentils: last
onions: second; mushrooms: fifth
zucchini: first; lentils: last
zucchini: first; mushrooms: second


Question: If the zucchini is added first, then which one of the following CANNOT be true?

The kale is added second.
The tomatoes are added second.
The lentils are added third.
The lentils are added fourth.
The onions are added fourth.


A study sponsored by a consumer group tests exactly five of seven cold medications—F, G, H, I, K, L, and M—and ranks the medications tested from first (best) to fifth (worst). There are no ties. The following conditions must apply: L ranks second. Either F or G ranks first. I is tested. H ranks better than G if both are tested. K ranks better than F if both are tested. If M is tested, both F and H are also tested.

Question: Which one of the following could be the five cold medications that the study ranks, listed from first to fifth?

F, I, L, H, G
F, L, G, H, M
F, L, I, G, M
F, L, I, H, M
F, L, K, I, G


Question: Which one of the following could be true of the study?

G ranks better than M.
H ranks better than F.
I ranks better than F.
K ranks better than G.
M ranks better than G.


Question: Which one of the following cold medications must be among those tested in the study?


Question: Which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the cold medications any one of which could be the cold medication ranked fifth?

F, G, H, M
G, H, I, M
G, H, L, M
F, G, H, I, K
F, G, H, I, M


Question: If I ranks third, each of the following could also be true of the study EXCEPT:

M ranks better than H.
K ranks better than G.
I ranks better than F.
H ranks better than M.
G ranks better than K.


There are exactly six groups in this year's Civic Parade: firefighters, gymnasts, jugglers, musicians, puppeteers, and veterans. Each group marches as a unit; the groups are ordered from first, at the front of the parade, to sixth, at the back. The following conditions apply: At least two groups march behind the puppeteers but ahead of the musicians. Exactly one group marches behind the firefighters but ahead of the veterans. The gymnasts are the first, third, or fifth group.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the groups in the Civic Parade in order from first to last?

firefighters, puppeteers, veterans, musicians, gymnasts, jugglers

gymnasts, puppeteers, jugglers, musicians, firefighters, veterans

veterans, puppeteers, firefighters, gymnasts, jugglers, musicians

jugglers, puppeteers, gymnasts, firefighters, musicians, veterans

musicians, veterans, jugglers, firefighters, gymnasts, puppeteers


Question: If the gymnasts march immediately ahead of the veterans, then which one of the following could be the fourth group?

gymnasts jugglers musicians puppeteers veterans


Question: If the veterans march immediately behind the puppeteers, then which one of the following could be the second group?

firefighters gymnasts jugglers musicians veterans


Question: If the jugglers are the fifth group, then which one of the following must be true?

The puppeteers are the first group.
The firefighters are the first group.
The veterans are the second group.
The gymnasts are the third group.
The musicians are the sixth group.


Question: Which one of the following groups CANNOT march immediately behind the gymnasts?

firefighters jugglers musicians puppeteers veterans


A rowing team uses a boat with exactly six seats arranged in single file and numbered sequentially 1 through 6, from the front of the boat to the back. Six athletes—Lee, Miller, Ovitz, Singh, Valerio, and Zita—each row at exactly one of the seats. The following restrictions must apply: Miller rows closer to the front than Singh. Singh rows closer to the front than both Lee and Valerio. Valerio and Zita each row closer to the front than Ovitz.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate matching of athletes to seats?

Miller: seat 1; Valerio: seat 5; Lee: seat 6

Singh: seat 3; Valerio: seat 4; Zita: seat 5

Miller: seat 1; Valerio: seat 3; Lee: seat 6

Lee: seat 3; Valerio: seat 4; Ovitz: seat 5

Zita: seat 2; Valerio: seat 3; Ovitz: seat 6


Question: If Valerio rows at seat 5, then which one of the following must be true?

Miller rows at seat 1.
Singh rows at seat 2.
Zita rows at seat 3.
Lee rows at seat 4.
Ovitz rows at seat 6.


Question: If Lee rows at seat 3, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

Zita rows immediately behind Valerio.
Ovitz rows immediately behind Valerio.
Ovitz rows immediately behind Zita.
Valerio rows immediately behind Lee.
Singh rows immediately behind Zita.


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be true?

Ovitz rows closer to the front than Singh.

Zita rows closer to the front than Miller.

Lee rows closer to the front than Valerio.

Singh rows closer to the front than Zita.

Valerio rows closer to the front than Lee.


Question: Exactly how many different seats could be the seat occupied by Zita?


Question: If Valerio rows closer to the front than Zita, then which one of the following must be true?

Miller rows immediately in front of Singh.

Lee rows immediately in front of Valerio.

Zita rows immediately in front of Ovitz.

Singh rows immediately in front of Valerio.


Question: Suppose the restriction that Miller rows closer to the front than Singh is replaced by the restriction that Singh rows closer to the front than Miller. If the other two restrictions remain in effect, then each of the following could be an accurate matching of athletes to seats EXCEPT:

Singh: seat 1; Zita: seat 2; Miller: seat 6

Singh: seat 1; Valerio: seat 3; Ovitz: seat 5

Singh: seat 3; Lee: seat 4; Valerio: seat 5

Valerio: seat 3; Miller: seat 4; Lee: seat 5

Valerio: seat 4; Miller: seat 5; Ovitz: seat 6


Exactly six of an artist's paintings, entitled Quarterion, Redemption, Sipapu, Tesseract, Vale, and Zelkova, are sold at auction. Three of the paintings are sold to a museum, and three are sold to a private collector. Two of the paintings are from the artist's first (earliest) period, two are from her second period, and two are from her third (most recent) period. The private collector and the museum each buy one painting from each period. The following conditions hold: Sipapu, which is sold to the private collector, is from an earlier period than Zelkova, which is sold to the museum. Quarterion is not from an earlier period than Tesseract. Vale is from the artist's second period.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the paintings bought by the museum and the private collector, listed in order of the paintings' periods, from first to third?

museum: Quarterion, Vale, Zelkova private collector: Redemption, Sipapu, Tesseract

museum: Redemption, Zelkova, Quarterion private collector: Sipapu, Vale, Tesseract

museum: Sipapu, Zelkova, Quarterion private collector: Tesseract, Vale, Redemption

museum: Tesseract, Quarterion, Zelkova private collector: Sipapu, Redemption, Vale

museum: Zelkova, Tesseract, Redemption private collector: Sipapu, Vale, Quarterion


Question: If Sipapu is from the artist's second period, which one of the following could be two of the three paintings bought by the private collector?

Quarterion and Zelkova
Redemption and Tesseract
Redemption and Vale
Redemption and Zelkova
Tesseract and Zelkova


Question: Which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the paintings, any one of which could be the painting from the artist's first period that is sold to the private collector?

Quarterion, Redemption, Sipapu, Tesseract


Question: If Sipapu is from the artist's second period, then which one of the following paintings could be from the period immediately preceding Quarterion's period and be sold to the same buyer as Quarterion?

Redemption Sipapu Tesseract Vale Zelkova


Question: If Zelkova is sold to the same buyer as Tesseract and is from the period immediately preceding Tesseract's period, then which one of the following must be true?

Quarterion is from the artist's third period.

Redemption is sold to the private collector.

Redemption is from the artist's third period.

Redemption is sold to the same buyer as Vale.


In the course of one month Garibaldi has exactly seven different meetings. Each of her meetings is with exactly one of five foreign dignitaries: Fuentes, Matsuba, Rhee, Soleimani, or Tbahi. The following constraints govern Garibaldi's meetings: She has exactly three meetings with Fuentes, and exactly one with each of the other dignitaries. She does not have any meetings in a row with Fuentes. Her meeting with Soleimani is the very next one after her meeting with Tbahi. Neither the first nor last of her meetings is with Matsuba.

Question: Which one of the following could be the sequence of the meetings Garibaldi has with the dignitaries?

Fuentes, Rhee, Tbahi, Soleimani, Fuentes, Matsuba, Rhee

Fuentes, Tbahi, Soleimani, Matsuba, Fuentes, Fuentes, Rhee

Fuentes, Rhee, Fuentes, Matsuba, Fuentes, Tbahi, Soleimani

Fuentes, Tbahi, Matsuba, Fuentes, Soleimani, Rhee, Fuentes

Fuentes, Tbahi, Soleimani, Fuentes, Rhee, Fuentes, Matsuba


Question: If Garibaldi's last meeting is with Rhee, then which one of the following could be true?

Garibaldi's second meeting is with Soleimani.

Garibaldi's third meeting is with Matsuba.

Garibaldi's fourth meeting is with Soleimani.

Garibaldi's fifth meeting is with Matsuba.

Garibaldi's sixth meeting is with Soleimani.


Question: If Garibaldi's second meeting is with Fuentes, then which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the dignitaries with any one of whom Garibaldi's fourth meeting could be?

Fuentes, Soleimani, Rhee
Matsuba, Rhee, Tbahi
Matsuba, Soleimani
Rhee, Tbahi
Fuentes, Soleimani


Question: If Garibaldi's meeting with Rhee is the very next one after Garibaldi's meeting with Soleimani, then which one of the following must be true?

Garibaldi's third meeting is with Fuentes.

Garibaldi's fourth meeting is with Rhee.

Garibaldi's fifth meeting is with Fuentes.

Garibaldi's seventh meeting is with Fuentes.


Question: If Garibaldi's first meeting is with Tbahi, then Garibaldi's meeting with Rhee could be the

second meeting
third meeting
fifth meeting
sixth meeting
seventh meeting


Question: If Garibaldi's meeting with Matsuba is the very next meeting after Garibaldi's meeting with Rhee, then with which one of the following dignitaries must Garibaldi's fourth meeting be?


A tour group plans to visit exactly five archaeological sites. Each site was discovered by exactly one of the following archaeologists—Ferrara, Gallagher, Oliphant—and each dates from the eighth, ninth, or tenth century (A.D.). The tour must satisfy the following conditions: The site visited second dates from the ninth century. Neither the site visited fourth nor the site visited fifth was discovered by Oliphant. Exactly one of the sites was discovered by Gallagher, and it dates from the tenth century. If a site dates from the eighth century, it was discovered by Oliphant. The site visited third dates from a more recent century than does either the site visited first or that visited fourth.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the discoverers of the five sites, listed in the order in which the sites are visited?

Oliphant, Oliphant, Gallagher, Oliphant, Ferrara

Gallagher, Oliphant, Ferrara, Ferrara, Ferrara

Oliphant, Gallagher, Oliphant, Ferrara, Ferrara

Oliphant, Oliphant, Gallagher, Ferrara, Gallagher

Ferrara, Oliphant, Gallagher, Ferrara, Ferrara


Question: If exactly one of the five sites the tour group visits dates from the tenth century, then which one of the following CANNOT be a site that was discovered by Ferrara?

the site visited first
the site visited second
the site visited third
the site visited fourth
the site visited fifth


Question: Which one of the following could be a site that dates from the eighth century?

the site visited first
the site visited second
the site visited third
the site visited fourth
the site visited fifth


Question: Which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the sites each of which CANNOT be the site discovered by Gallagher?

third, fourth, fifth
second, third, fourth
first, fourth, fifth
first, second, fifth
first, second, fourth


Question: The tour group could visit at most how many sites that were discovered by Ferrara?


Each day of a five-day workweek (Monday through Friday), Anastasia parks for the entire day in exactly one of three downtown parking lots—X, Y, and Z. One of the lots costs $10 for the day, another costs $12, and the other costs $15. Anastasia parks in each of the three lots at least once during her workweek. The following conditions must apply: On Thursday, Anastasia parks in the $15 lot. Lot X costs more than lot Z. The lot Anastasia parks in on Wednesday costs more than the one she parks in on Friday. Anastasia parks in lot Z on more days of the workweek than she parks in lot X.

Question: Which one of the following could be a complete and accurate list of which lot Anastasia parks in each day, listed in order from Monday through Friday?

Y, Z, X, Y, Z
Y, Z, Z, Y, X
Z, Z, X, X, Y
Z, Z, X, X, Z
Z, Z, X, Z, Y


Question: Anastasia CANNOT park in the $15 lot on which one of the following days?

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday


Question: If lot Z is the $12 lot, then on which one of the following days must Anastasia park in lot Y?

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday


Question: Anastasia CANNOT park in lot Z on which one of the following days?

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday


Question: Which one of the following could be a complete and accurate list of the days on which Anastasia parks in the $10 lot?

Monday
Tuesday
Monday, Tuesday
Monday, Wednesday
Monday, Thursday


On one afternoon, Patterson meets individually with each of exactly five clients—Reilly, Sanchez, Tang, Upton, and Yansky—and also goes to the gym by herself for a workout. Patterson's workout and her five meetings each start at either 1:00, 2:00, 3:00, 4:00, 5:00, or 6:00. The following conditions must apply: Patterson meets with Sanchez at some time before her workout. Patterson meets with Tang at some time after her workout. Patterson meets with Yansky either immediately before or immediately after her workout. Patterson meets with Upton at some time before she meets with Reilly.

Question: Which one of the following could be an acceptable schedule of Patterson's workout and meetings, in order from 1:00 to 6:00?

Yansky, workout, Upton, Reilly, Sanchez, Tang

Upton, Tang, Sanchez, Yansky, workout, Reilly

Upton, Reilly, Sanchez, workout, Tang, Yansky

Sanchez, Yansky, workout, Reilly, Tang, Upton

Sanchez, Upton, workout, Yansky, Tang, Reilly


Question: How many of the clients are there, any one of whom could meet with Patterson at 1:00?


Question: Patterson CANNOT meet with Upton at which one of the following times?


Question: If Patterson meets with Sanchez the hour before she meets with Yansky, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

Patterson meets with Reilly at 2:00.
Patterson meets with Yansky at 3:00.
Patterson meets with Tang at 4:00.
Patterson meets with Yansky at 5:00.
Patterson meets with Tang at 6:00.


Question: If Patterson meets with Tang at 4:00, then which one of the following must be true?

Patterson meets with Reilly at 5:00.
Patterson meets with Upton at 5:00.
Patterson meets with Yansky at 2:00.
Patterson meets with Yansky at 3:00.
Patterson's workout is at 2:00.


Question: Which one of the following could be the order of Patterson's meetings, from earliest to latest?

Upton, Yansky, Sanchez, Reilly, Tang
Upton, Reilly, Sanchez, Tang, Yansky
Sanchez, Yansky, Reilly, Tang, Upton
Sanchez, Upton, Tang, Yansky, Reilly
Sanchez, Upton, Reilly, Yansky, Tang


Exactly six guideposts, numbered 1 through 6, mark a mountain trail. Each guidepost pictures a different one of six animals—fox, grizzly, hare, lynx, moose, or porcupine. The following conditions must apply: The grizzly is pictured on either guidepost 3 or guidepost 4. The moose guidepost is numbered lower than the hare guidepost. The lynx guidepost is numbered lower than the moose guidepost but higher than the fox guidepost.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the animals pictured on the guideposts, listed in order from guidepost 1 through guidepost 6?

fox, lynx, grizzly, porcupine, moose, hare

fox, lynx, moose, hare, grizzly, porcupine

fox, moose, grizzly, lynx, hare, porcupine

lynx, fox, moose, grizzly, hare, porcupine

porcupine, fox, hare, grizzly, lynx, moose


Question: Which one of the following animals CANNOT be the one pictured on guidepost 3?


Question: If the moose is pictured on guidepost 3, then which one of the following is the lowest numbered guidepost that could picture the porcupine?

guidepost 1
guidepost 2
guidepost 4
guidepost 5
guidepost 6


Question: If guidepost 5 does not picture the moose, then which one of the following must be true?

The porcupine is pictured on guidepost 5.


Question: Which one of the following animals could be pictured on any one of the six guideposts?


Question: If the moose guidepost is numbered exactly one higher than the lynx guidepost, then which one of the following could be true?

Guidepost 5 pictures the hare.
Guidepost 4 pictures the moose.
Guidepost 4 pictures the porcupine.
Guidepost 3 pictures the lynx.
Guidepost 3 pictures the porcupine.


One afternoon, a single thunderstorm passes over exactly five towns—Jackson, Lofton, Nordique, Oceana, and Plattesville—dropping some form of precipitation on each. The storm is the only source of precipitation in the towns that afternoon. On some towns, it drops both hail and rain; on the remaining towns, it drops only rain. It passes over each town exactly once and does not pass over any two towns at the same time. The following must obtain: The third town the storm passes over is Plattesville. The storm drops hail and rain on the second town it passes over. The storm drops only rain on both Lofton and Oceana. The storm passes over Jackson at some time after it passes over Lofton and at some time after it passes over Nordique.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order, from first to fifth, in which the storm passes over the towns?

Lofton, Nordique, Plattesville, Oceana, Jackson

Lofton, Oceana, Plattesville, Nordique, Jackson

Nordique, Jackson, Plattesville, Oceana, Lofton

Nordique, Lofton, Plattesville, Jackson, Oceana

Nordique, Plattesville, Lofton, Oceana, Jackson


Question: If the storm passes over Oceana at some time before it passes over Jackson, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

The first town the storm passes over is Oceana.

The fourth town the storm passes over is Lofton.

The fourth town the storm passes over receives hail and rain.

The fifth town the storm passes over is Jackson.

The fifth town the storm passes over receives only rain.


Question: If the storm drops only rain on each town it passes over after passing over Lofton, then which one of the following could be false?

The first town the storm passes over is Oceana.

The fourth town the storm passes over receives only rain.

The fifth town the storm passes over is Jackson.


Question: If the storm passes over Jackson at some time before it passes over Oceana, then which one of the following could be false?

The storm passes over Lofton at some time before it passes over Jackson.

The storm passes over Lofton at some time before it passes over Oceana.

The storm passes over Nordique at some time before it passes over Oceana.

The fourth town the storm passes over receives only rain.

The fifth town the storm passes over receives only rain.


Question: If the storm passes over Oceana at some time before it passes over Lofton, then which one of the following must be true?

The third town the storm passes over receives only rain.

The fourth town the storm passes over receives only rain.

The fourth town the storm passes over receives hail and rain.

The fifth town the storm passes over receives only rain.

The fifth town the storm passes over receives hail and rain.


Exactly seven products—P, Q, R, S, T, W, and X—are each to be advertised exactly once in a section of a catalog. The order in which they will be displayed is governed by the following conditions: Q must be displayed in some position before W. R must be displayed immediately before X. T cannot be displayed immediately before or immediately after W. S must be displayed either first or seventh. Either Q or T must be displayed fourth.

Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be the product that is displayed first?


Question: If X is displayed immediately before Q, then which one of the following could be true?

T is displayed first.
R is displayed fifth.
Q is displayed last.
Q is displayed second.
P is displayed second.


Question: If P is displayed second, then which one of the following could be displayed third?


Question: Which one of the following could be true?

Q is displayed fifth.
Q is displayed seventh.
R is displayed third.
W is displayed third.
X is displayed fifth.


Question: If R is displayed sixth, then which one of the following must be displayed fifth?


A farmer harvests eight separate fields—G, H, J, K, L, M, P, and T. Each field is harvested exactly once, and no two fields are harvested simultaneously. Once the harvesting of a field begins, no other fields are harvested until the harvesting of that field is complete. The farmer harvests the fields in an order consistent with the following conditions: Both P and G are harvested at some time before K. Both H and L are harvested at some time before J. K is harvested at some time before M but after L. T is harvested at some time before M.

Question: Which one of the following could be true?

J is the first field harvested.
K is the second field harvested.
M is the sixth field harvested.
G is the seventh field harvested.
T is the eighth field harvested.


Question: If M is the seventh field harvested, then any one of the following could be the fifth field harvested EXCEPT:


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be the field that is harvested fifth?


Question: If J is the third field harvested, then which one of the following must be true?

L is the first field harvested.
H is the second field harvested.
T is the fourth field harvested.
K is the seventh field harvested.
M is the eighth field harvested.


Question: If H is the sixth field harvested, then which one of the following must be true?

G is harvested at some time before T.
H is harvested at some time before K.
J is harvested at some time before M.
K is harvested at some time before J.
T is harvested at some time before K.


Question: If L is the fifth field harvested, then which one of the following could be true?

J is harvested at some time before G.
J is harvested at some time before T.
K is harvested at some time before T.
M is harvested at some time before H.
M is harvested at some time before J.


During an international film retrospective lasting six consecutive days—day 1 through day 6—exactly six different films will be shown, one each day. Twelve films will be available for presentation, two each in French, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Norwegian, and Turkish. The presentation of the films must conform to the following conditions: Neither day 2 nor day 4 is a day on which a film in Norwegian is shown. A film in Italian is not shown unless a film in Norwegian is going to be shown the next day. A film in Greek is not shown unless a film in Italian is going to be shown the next day.

Question: Which one of the following is an acceptable order of films for the retrospective, listed by their language, from day 1 through day 6?

French, Greek, Italian, Turkish, Norwegian, Hungarian

French, Hungarian, Italian, Norwegian, French, Hungarian

Hungarian, French, Norwegian, Greek, Norwegian, Italian

Norwegian, Turkish, Hungarian, Italian, French, Turkish

Turkish, French, Norwegian, Hungarian, French, Turkish


Question: If two films in Italian are going to be shown, one on day 2 and one on day 5, then the film shown on day 1 could be in any one of the following languages EXCEPT:

French Greek Hungarian Norwegian Turkish


Question: If two films in Italian are shown during the retrospective, which one of the following must be false?

A film in French is shown on day 3.
A film in Greek is shown on day 1.
A film in Hungarian is shown on day 6.
A film in Norwegian is shown on day 5.
A film in Turkish is shown on day 4.


Question: Which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the days, any one of which is a day on which a film in Italian could be shown?

day 1, day 3, day 5
day 2, day 4, day 5
day 2, day 5, day 6
day 1, day 3
day 2, day 4


Question: If two films in French are going to be shown, one on day 3 and one on day 5, which one of the following is a pair of films that could be shown on day 1 and day 6, respectively?

a film in French, a film in Turkish
a film in Greek, a film in Hungarian
a film in Italian, a film in Norwegian
a film in Norwegian, a film in Turkish
a film in Turkish, a film in Greek


Question: If neither a film in French nor a film in Italian is shown during the retrospective, which one of the following must be true?

A film in Hungarian or else a film in Norwegian is shown on day 3.

A film in Hungarian or else a film in Turkish is shown on day 2.


Question: If a film in Greek is going to be shown at some time after a film in Norwegian, then a film in Norwegian must be shown on

day 1
day 3
day 5
day 1 or else day 3
day 3 or else day 5


Exactly eight computer processor chips—F, G, H, J, K, L, M, and O—are ranked according to their speed from first (fastest) to eighth (slowest). The ranking must be consistent with the following: There are no ties. Either F or G is ranked first. M is not the slowest. H is faster than J, with exactly one chip intermediate in speed between them. K is faster than L, with exactly two chips intermediate in speed between them. O is slower than both J and L.

Question: Which one of the following could be true?

F is ranked first and M is ranked eighth.

G is ranked fifth and O is ranked eighth.

J is ranked third and L is ranked seventh.

K is ranked second and H is ranked third.

M is ranked seventh and L is ranked eighth.


Question: H CANNOT be ranked


Question: If O is faster than F, then which one of the following chips could be ranked second?


Question: If M is faster than J, then the fastest ranking J could have is


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

J is ranked no faster than fifth.
K is ranked no faster than third.
L is ranked no faster than fifth.
M is ranked no faster than third.
O is ranked no faster than eighth.


At each of six consecutive stops—1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6—that a traveler must make in that order as part of a trip, she can choose one from among exactly four airlines—L, M, N, and O—on which to continue. Her choices must conform to the following constraints: Whichever airline she chooses at a stop, she chooses one of the other airlines at the next stop. She chooses the same airline at stop 1 as she does at stop 6. She chooses the same airline at stop 2 as she does at stop 4. Whenever she chooses either L or M at a stop, she does not choose N at the next stop. At stop 5, she chooses N or O.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the airlines the traveler chooses at each stop, in order from 1 through 6?

L, M, M, L, O, L
M, L, O, M, O, M
M, N, O, N, O, M
M, O, N, O, N, M
O, M, L, M, O, N


Question: If the traveler chooses N at stop 5, which one of the following could be an accurate list of the airlines she chooses at stops 1, 2, and 3, respectively?


Question: If the only airlines the traveler chooses for the trip are M, N, and O, and she chooses O at stop 5, then the airlines she chooses at stops 1, 2, and 3, must be, respectively,

M, O, and N
M, N, and O
N, M, and O
N, O, and M
O, M, and N


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be an accurate list of the airlines the traveler chooses at stops 1 and 2, respectively?


Question: If the traveler chooses O at stop 2, which one of the following could be an accurate list of the airlines she chooses at stops 5 and 6, respectively?


Six hotel suites—F, G, H, J, K, L—are ranked from most expensive (first) to least expensive (sixth). There are no ties. The ranking must be consistent with the following conditions: H is more expensive than L. If G is more expensive than H, then neither K nor L is more expensive than J. If H is more expensive than G, then neither J nor L is more expensive than K. F is more expensive than G, or else F is more expensive than H, but not both.

Question: Which one of the following could be the ranking of the suites, from most expensive to least expensive?

G, F, H, L, J, K
H, K, F, J, G, L
J, H, F, K, G, L
J, K, G, H, L, F
K, J, L, H, F, G


Question: If G is the second most expensive suite, then which one of the following could be true?

H is more expensive than F.
H is more expensive than G.
K is more expensive than F.
K is more expensive than J.
L is more expensive than F.


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be the most expensive suite?


Question: If L is more expensive than F, then which one of the following could be true?

F is more expensive than H.
F is more expensive than K.
G is more expensive than H.
G is more expensive than J.
G is more expensive than L.


Question: If H is more expensive than J and less expensive than K, then which one of the following could be true?

F is more expensive than H.
G is more expensive than F.
G is more expensive than H.
J is more expensive than L.
L is more expensive than K.


A locally known guitarist's demo CD contains exactly seven different songs—S, T, V, W, X, Y, and Z. Each song occupies exactly one of the CD's seven tracks. Some of the songs are rock classics; the others are new compositions. The following conditions must hold: S occupies the fourth track of the CD. Both W and Y precede S on the CD. T precedes W on the CD. A rock classic occupies the sixth track of the CD. Each rock classic is immediately preceded on the CD by a new composition. Z is a rock classic.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order of the songs on the CD, from the first track through the seventh?

T, W, V, S, Y, X, Z
V, Y, T, S, W, Z, X
X, Y, W, S, T, Z, S
Y, T, W, S, X, Z, V
Z, T, X, W, V, Y, S


Question: Which one of the following is a pair of songs that must occupy consecutive tracks on the CD?


Question: Which one of the following songs must be a new composition?


Question: If W precedes Y on the CD, then which one of the following must be true?

S is a rock classic.
V is a rock classic.
Y is a rock classic.
T is a new composition.
W is a new composition.


Question: If there are exactly two songs on the CD that both precede V and are preceded by Y, then which one of the following could be true?

V occupies the seventh track of the CD.
X occupies the fifth track of the CD.
Y occupies the third track of the CD.
T is a rock classic.
W is a rock classic.


A courier delivers exactly eight parcels—G, H, J, K, L, M, N, and O. No two parcels are delivered at the same time, nor is any parcel delivered more than once. The following conditions must apply: L is delivered later than H. K is delivered earlier than O. H is delivered earlier than M. O is delivered later than G. M is delivered earlier than G. Both N and J are delivered earlier than M.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order of deliveries from first to last?

N, H, K, M, J, G, O, L
H, N, J, K, G, O, L, M
J, H, N, M, K, O, G, L
N, J, H, L, M, K, G, O
K, N, J, M, G, H, O, L


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

At least one parcel is delivered earlier than K is delivered.

At least two parcels are delivered later than G is delivered.

At least four parcels are delivered later than H is delivered.

At least four parcels are delivered later than J is delivered.

At least four parcels are delivered earlier than M is delivered.


Question: If M is the fourth parcel delivered, then which one of the following must be true?

G is the fifth parcel delivered.
O is the seventh parcel delivered.
J is delivered later than H.
K is delivered later than N.
G is delivered later than L.


Question: If H is the fourth parcel delivered, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

K is the fifth parcel delivered.
L is the sixth parcel delivered.
M is the sixth parcel delivered.
G is the seventh parcel delivered.
O is the seventh parcel delivered.


Question: Each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

H is delivered later than K.
J is delivered later than G.
L is delivered later than O.
M is delivered later than L.
N is delivered later than H.


Question: If K is the seventh parcel delivered, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

G is the fifth parcel delivered.
M is the fifth parcel delivered.
H is the fourth parcel delivered.
L is the fourth parcel delivered.
J is the third parcel delivered.


Question: If L is delivered earlier than K, then which one of the following must be false?

N is the second parcel delivered.
L is the third parcel delivered.
H is the fourth parcel delivered.
K is the fifth parcel delivered.
M is the sixth parcel delivered.


A company employee generates a series of five-digit product codes in accordance with the following rules: The codes use the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, and no others. Each digit occurs exactly once in any code. The second digit has a value exactly twice that of the first digit. The value of the third digit is less than the value of the fifth digit.

Question: If the last digit of an acceptable product code is 1, it must be true that the

first digit is 2
second digit is 0
third digit is 3
fourth digit is 4
fourth digit is 0


Question: Which one of the following must be true about any acceptable product code?

The digit 1 appears in some position before the digit 2.

The digit 1 appears in some position before the digit 3.

The digit 2 appears in some position before the digit 3.

The digit 3 appears in some position before the digit 0.

The digit 4 appears in some position before the digit 3.


Question: If the third digit of an acceptable product code is not 0, which one of the following must be true?

The second digit of the product code is 2.

The third digit of the product code is 3.

The fourth digit of the product code is 0.

The fifth digit of the product code is 3.

The fifth digit of the product code is 1.


Question: Any of the following pairs could be the third and fourth digits, respectively, of an acceptable product code, EXCEPT:


Question: Which one of the following must be true about any acceptable product code?

There is exactly one digit between the digit 0 and the digit 1.

There is exactly one digit between the digit 1 and the digit 2.

There are at most two digits between the digit 1 and the digit 3.

There are at most two digits between the digit 2 and the digit 3.

There are at most two digits between the digit 2 and the digit 4.


Exactly three films—Greed, Harvest, and Limelight—are shown during a film club's festival held on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. Each film is shown at least once during the festival but never more than once on a given day. On each day at least one film is shown. Films are shown one at a time. The following conditions apply: On Thursday Harvest is shown, and no film is shown after it on that day. On Friday either Greed or Limelight, but not both, is shown, and no film is shown after it on that day. On Saturday either Greed or Harvest, but not both, is shown, and no film is shown after it on that day.

Question: Which one of the following could be a complete and accurate description of the order in which the films are shown at the festival?

Thursday: Limelight, then Harvest; Friday: Limelight; Saturday: Harvest

Thursday: Harvest; Friday: Greed, then Limelight; Saturday: Limelight, then Greed

Thursday: Harvest; Friday: Limelight; Saturday: Limelight, then Greed

Thursday: Greed, then Harvest, then Limelight; Friday: Limelight; Saturday: Greed

Thursday: Greed, then Harvest; Friday: Limelight, then Harvest; Saturday: Harvest


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be true?

Harvest is the last film shown on each day of the festival.

Limelight is shown on each day of the festival.

Greed is shown second on each day of the festival.

A different film is shown first on each day of the festival.

A different film is shown last on each day of the festival.


Question: If Limelight is never shown again during the festival once Greed is shown, then which one of the following is the maximum number of film showings that could occur during the festival?


Question: If Greed is shown exactly three times, Harvest is shown exactly twice, and Limelight is shown exactly once, then which one of the following must be true?

Exactly two films are shown on Saturday.

Limelight and Harvest are both shown on Thursday.

Greed is the only film shown on Saturday.

Harvest and Greed are both shown on Friday.


Question: If Limelight is shown exactly three times, Harvest is shown exactly twice, and Greed is shown exactly once, then which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the films that could be the first film shown on Thursday?

Harvest
Limelight
Greed, Harvest
Greed, Limelight
Greed, Harvest, Limelight


A cruise line is scheduling seven week-long voyages for the ship Freedom. Each voyage will occur in exactly one of the first seven weeks of the season: weeks 1 through 7. Each voyage will be to exactly one of four destinations: Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, or Trinidad. Each destination will be scheduled for at least one of the weeks. The following conditions apply to Freedom's schedule: Jamaica will not be its destination in week 4. Trinidad will be its destination in week 7. Freedom will make exactly two voyages to Martinique, and at least one voyage to Guadeloupe will occur in some week between those two voyages. Guadeloupe will be its destination in the week preceding any voyage it makes to Jamaica. No destination will be scheduled for consecutive weeks.

Question: Which one of the following is an acceptable schedule of destinations for Freedom, in order from week 1 through week 7?

Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Trinidad, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Trinidad

Guadeloupe, Martinique, Trinidad, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Trinidad

Jamaica, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Trinidad

Martinique, Trinidad, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Guadeloupe, Trinidad

Martinique, Trinidad, Guadeloupe, Trinidad, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be true about Freedom's schedule of voyages?

Freedom makes a voyage to Trinidad in week 6.

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 5.

Freedom makes a voyage to Jamaica in week 6.

Freedom makes a voyage to Jamaica in week 3.

Freedom makes a voyage to Guadeloupe in week 3.


Question: If Freedom makes a voyage to Trinidad in week 5, which one of the following could be true?

Freedom makes a voyage to Trinidad in week 1.

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 2.

Freedom makes a voyage to Guadeloupe in week 3.

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 4.

Freedom makes a voyage to Jamaica in week 6.


Question: If Freedom makes a voyage to Guadeloupe in week 1 and a voyage to Jamaica in week 5, which one of the following must be true?

Freedom makes a voyage to Jamaica in week 2.

Freedom makes a voyage to Trinidad in week 2.

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 3.

Freedom makes a voyage to Guadeloupe in week 6.

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 6.


Question: If Freedom makes a voyage to Guadeloupe in week 1 and to Trinidad in week 2, which one of the following must be true?

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 3.

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 4.

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 5.

Freedom makes a voyage to Guadeloupe in week 3.

Freedom makes a voyage to Guadeloupe in week 5.


Question: If Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique in week 3, which one of the following could be an accurate list of Freedom's destinations in week 4 and week 5, respectively?

Guadeloupe, Trinidad
Jamaica, Guadeloupe
Martinique, Trinidad
Trinidad, Jamaica
Trinidad, Martinique


Question: Which one of the following must be true about Freedom's schedule of voyages?

Freedom makes a voyage to Guadeloupe either in week 1 or else in week 2.

Freedom makes a voyage to Martinique either in week 2 or else in week 3.

Freedom makes at most two voyages to Guadeloupe.

Freedom makes at most two voyages to Jamaica.

Freedom makes at most two voyages to Trinidad.


There are exactly three recycling centers in Rivertown: Center 1, Center 2, and Center 3. Exactly five kinds of material are recycled at these recycling centers: glass, newsprint, plastic, tin, and wood. Each recycling center recycles at least two but no more than three of these kinds of material. The following conditions must hold: Any recycling center that recycles wood also recycles newsprint. Every kind of material that Center 2 recycles is also recycled at Center 1. Only one of the recycling centers recycles plastic, and that recycling center does not recycle glass.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate account of all the kinds of material recycled at each recycling center in Rivertown?

Center 1: newsprint, plastic, wood; Center 2: newsprint, wood; Center 3: glass, tin, wood

Center 1: glass, newsprint, tin; Center 2: glass, newsprint, tin; Center 3: newsprint, plastic, wood

Center 1: glass, newsprint, wood; Center 2: glass, newsprint, tin; Center 3: plastic, tin

Center 1: glass, plastic, tin; Center 2: glass, tin; Center 3: newsprint, wood

Center 1: newsprint, plastic, wood; Center 2: newsprint, plastic, wood; Center 3: glass, newsprint, tin


Question: Which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the recycling centers in Rivertown any one of which could recycle plastic?

Center 1 only
Center 3 only
Center 1, Center 2
Center 1, Center 3
Center 1, Center 2, Center 3


Question: If Center 2 recycles three kinds of material, then which one of the following kinds of material must Center 3 recycle?


Question: If each recycling center in Rivertown recycles exactly three kinds of material, then which one of the following could be true?

Only Center 2 recycles glass.
Only Center 3 recycles newsprint.
Only Center 1 recycles plastic.
Only Center 3 recycles tin.
Only Center 1 recycles wood.


Question: If Center 3 recycles glass, then which one of the following kinds of material must Center 2 recycle?


Question: If Center 1 is the only recycling center that recycles wood, then which one of the following could be a complete and accurate list of the kinds of material that one of the recycling centers recycles?

plastic, tin
newsprint, wood
newsprint, tin
glass, wood
glass, tin


Workers at a water treatment plant open eight valves—G, H, I, K, L, N, O, and P—to flush out a system of pipes that needs emergency repairs. To maximize safety and efficiency, each valve is opened exactly once, and no two valves are opened at the same time. The valves are opened in accordance with the following conditions: Both K and P are opened before H. O is opened before L but after H. L is opened after G. N is opened before H. I is opened after K.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order, from first to last, in which the valves are opened?

P, I, K, G, N, H, O, L
P, G, K, N, L, H, O, I
G, K, I, P, H, O, N, L
N, K, P, H, O, I, L, G
K, I, N, G, P, H, O, L


Question: Each of the following could be the fifth valve opened EXCEPT:


Question: If I is the second valve opened, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

G is the third valve opened.
H is the fourth valve opened.
P is the fifth valve opened.
O is the sixth valve opened.
G is the seventh valve opened.


Question: If L is the seventh valve opened, then each of the following could be the second valve opened EXCEPT:


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

At least one valve is opened before P is opened.

At least two valves are opened before G is opened.

No more than two valves are opened after O is opened.

No more than three valves are opened after H is opened.

No more than four valves are opened before N is opened.


Question: If K is the fourth valve opened, then which one of the following could be true?

I is the second valve opened.
N is the third valve opened.
G is the fifth valve opened.
O is the fifth valve opened.
P is the sixth valve opened.


Question: If G is the first valve opened and I is the third valve opened, then each of the following must be true EXCEPT:

K is the second valve opened.
N is the fourth valve opened.
H is the sixth valve opened.
O is the seventh valve opened.
L is the eighth valve opened.


A bread truck makes exactly one bread delivery to each of six restaurants in succession—Figueroa's, Ginsberg's, Harris's, Kanzaki's, Leacock's, and Malpighi's—though not necessarily in that order. The following conditions must apply: Ginsberg's delivery is earlier than Kanzaki's but later than Figueroa's. Harris's delivery is earlier than Ginsberg's. If Figueroa's delivery is earlier than Malpighi's, then Leacock's delivery is earlier than Harris's. Either Malpighi's delivery is earlier than Harris's or it is later than Kanzaki's, but not both.

Question: Which one of the following accurately represents an order in which the deliveries could occur, from first to last?

Harris's, Figueroa's, Leacock's, Ginsberg's, Kanzaki's, Malpighi's

Leacock's, Harris's, Figueroa's, Ginsberg's, Malpighi's, Kanzaki's

Malpighi's, Figueroa's, Harris's, Ginsberg's, Leacock's, Kanzaki's

Malpighi's, Figueroa's, Kanzaki's, Harris's, Ginsberg's, Leacock's

Malpighi's, Figueroa's, Ginsberg's, Kanzaki's, Harris's, Leacock's


Question: If Figueroa's delivery is fourth, then which one of the following must be true?

Ginsberg's delivery is fifth.
Harris's delivery is second.
Harris's delivery is third.
Leacock's delivery is second.
Malpighi's delivery is first.


Question: If Malpighi's delivery is first and Leacock's delivery is third, then which one of the following must be true?

Figueroa's delivery is second.
Harris's delivery is second.
Harris's delivery is fourth.
Kanzaki's delivery is fifth.
Kanzaki's delivery is last.


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

Figueroa's delivery is earlier than Leacock's.

Ginsberg's delivery is earlier than Leacock's.

Harris's delivery is earlier than Kanzaki's.

Leacock's delivery is earlier than Ginsberg's.

Malpighi's delivery is earlier than Harris's.


Question: If Kanzaki's delivery is earlier than Leacock's, then which one of the following could be true?

Figueroa's delivery is first.
Ginsberg's delivery is third.
Harris's delivery is third.
Leacock's delivery is fifth.
Malpighi's delivery is second.


Question: Which one of the following must be false?

Figueroa's delivery is first.
Ginsberg's delivery is fifth.
Harris's delivery is third.
Leacock's delivery is second.
Malpighi's delivery is fourth.


A competition is being held to select a design for Yancy College's new student union building. Each of six architects—Green, Jackson, Liu, Mertz, Peete, and Valdez—has submitted exactly one design. There are exactly six designs, and they are presented one at a time to the panel of judges, each design being presented exactly once, consistent with the following conditions: Mertz's design is presented at some time before Liu's and after Peete's. Green's design is presented either at some time before Jackson's or at some time after Liu's, but not both. Valdez's design is presented either at some time before Green's or at some time after Peete's, but not both.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order in which the designs are presented, from first to last?

Jackson's, Peete's, Mertz's, Green's, Valdez's, Liu's

Peete's, Jackson's, Liu's, Mertz's, Green's, Valdez's

Peete's, Mertz's, Jackson's, Liu's, Green's, Valdez's

Peete's, Mertz's, Valdez's, Green's, Liu's, Jackson's

Valdez's, Liu's, Jackson's, Peete's, Mertz's, Green's


Question: Mertz's design CANNOT be presented


Question: If Liu's design is presented sixth, then which one of the following must be true?

Green's design is presented at some time before Jackson's.

Jackson's design is presented at some time before Mertz's.

Peete's design is presented at some time before Green's.

Peete's design is presented at some time before Valdez's.

Valdez's design is presented at some time before Green's.


Question: If Jackson's design is presented at some time before Mertz's, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

Jackson's design is presented second.
Peete's design is presented third.
Peete's design is presented fourth.
Jackson's design is presented fifth.
Liu's design is presented fifth.


Question: Which one of the following designs CANNOT be the design presented first?

Green's Jackson's Liu's Peete's Valdez's


Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate partial list of the architects, each matched with his or her design's place in the order in which the designs are presented?

second: Green; third: Peete; fourth: Jackson

second: Mertz; fifth: Green; sixth: Jackson

fourth: Peete; fifth: Liu; sixth: Jackson

fourth: Valdez; fifth: Green; sixth: Liu


Detectives investigating a citywide increase in burglaries questioned exactly seven suspects—S, T, V, W, X, Y, and Z—each on a different one of seven consecutive days. Each suspect was questioned exactly once. Any suspect who confessed did so while being questioned. The investigation conformed to the following: T was questioned on day three. The suspect questioned on day four did not confess. S was questioned after W was questioned. Both X and V were questioned after Z was questioned. No suspects confessed after W was questioned. Exactly two suspects confessed after T was questioned.

Question: Which one of the following could be true?

X was questioned on day one.
V was questioned on day two.
Z was questioned on day four.
W was questioned on day five.
S was questioned on day six.


Question: If Z was the second suspect to confess, then each of the following statements could be true EXCEPT:

T confessed.
T did not confess.
V did not confess.
X confessed.
Y did not confess.


Question: If Y was questioned after V but before X, then which one of the following could be true?

V did not confess.
Y confessed.
X did not confess.
X was questioned on day four.
Z was questioned on day two.


Question: Which one of the following suspects must have been questioned before T was questioned?


Question: If X and Y both confessed, then each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

V confessed.
X was questioned on day five.
Y was questioned on day one.
Z was questioned on day one.
Z did not confess.


Question: If neither X nor V confessed, then which one of the following must be true?

T confessed.
V was questioned on day two.
X was questioned on day four.
Y confessed.
Z did not confess.


A cake has exactly six layers—lemon, marzipan, orange, raspberry, strawberry, and vanilla. There is exactly one bottom layer (the first layer), and each succeeding layer (from second through sixth) completely covers the layer beneath it. The following conditions must apply: The raspberry layer is neither immediately above nor immediately below the strawberry layer. The marzipan layer is immediately above the lemon layer. The orange layer is above the marzipan layer but below the strawberry layer.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the layers of the cake, from bottom to top?

lemon, marzipan, orange, strawberry, vanilla, raspberry

lemon, marzipan, orange, strawberry, raspberry, vanilla

marzipan, lemon, raspberry, vanilla, orange, strawberry

raspberry, lemon, marzipan, vanilla, strawberry, orange

raspberry, orange, lemon, marzipan, strawberry, vanilla


Question: If the strawberry layer is not immediately above the orange layer, then which one of the following could be true?

The raspberry layer is immediately above the vanilla layer.

The raspberry layer is immediately above the orange layer.

The raspberry layer is immediately below the marzipan layer.

The raspberry layer is the second layer.


Question: If the strawberry layer is not the top layer, then which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the layers that could be the vanilla layer?

the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth, the sixth


Question: If the lemon layer is third, then which one of the following could be true?

The vanilla layer is immediately above the raspberry layer.

The orange layer is not immediately above the marzipan layer.

The raspberry layer is above the marzipan layer.

The strawberry layer is not the top layer.


Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the two lowest layers of the cake, listed in order from the bottom up?

lemon, raspberry
vanilla, raspberry
marzipan, raspberry
raspberry, marzipan
raspberry, strawberry


A panel reviews six contract bids—H, J, K, R, S, and T. No two bids have the same cost. Exactly one of the bids is accepted. The following conditions must hold: The accepted bid is either K or R and is either the second or the third lowest in cost. H is lower in cost than each of J and K. If J is the fourth lowest in cost, then J is lower in cost than each of S and T. If J is not the fourth lowest in cost, then J is higher in cost than each of S and T. Either R or S is the fifth lowest in cost.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the bids in order from lowest to highest in cost?

T, K, H, S, J, R
H, T, K, S, R, J
H, S, T, K, R, J
H, K, S, J, R, T
H, J, K, R, S, T


Question: Which one of the following bids CANNOT be the fourth lowest in cost?


Question: Which one of the following bids CANNOT be the second lowest in cost?


Question: If R is the accepted bid, then which one of the following must be true?

T is the lowest in cost.
K is the second lowest in cost.
R is the third lowest in cost.
S is the fifth lowest in cost.
J is the highest in cost.


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

H is lower in cost than S.
H is lower in cost than T.
K is lower in cost than J.
S is lower in cost than J.
S is lower in cost than K.


Question: If R is the lowest in cost, then which one of the following could be false?

J is the highest in cost.
S is the fifth lowest in cost.
K is the third lowest in cost.
H is the second lowest in cost.
K is the accepted bid.


While on vacation, Sukanya receives several e-mail messages from work, each message from one of three associates: Hilary, Jerome, and Lula. Sukanya receives at least one and no more than two messages from each of them. Sukanya receives each message on the day it is sent. No more than one message is sent each day. The messages are received in a manner consistent with the following: The first message is not from Lula. Both the first and last messages are from the same person. Exactly once Sukanya receives a message from Jerome on the day after receiving one from Hilary. Of the first three messages, exactly one is from Jerome.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate list of the e-mail messages Sukanya receives, identified by the person each message is from and listed in the order she receives them?

Lula, Hilary, Jerome, Hilary, Jerome, Lula

Hilary, Lula, Lula, Jerome, Jerome, Hilary


Question: What is the maximum possible number of e-mail messages Sukanya receives after Jerome's first message but before Hilary's first message?


Question: If Sukanya receives exactly four e-mail messages, then which one of the following must be true?

Exactly one of the messages is from Lula.

Exactly two of the messages are from Jerome.


Question: Which one of the following e-mail messages CANNOT be from Lula?

the fifth message (if there is a fifth one)

the sixth message (if there is a sixth one)


Question: If Sukanya receives six e-mail messages, the fifth of which is from Lula, which one of the following must be true?

The first message is from Jerome.
The second message is from Lula.
The third message is from Hilary.
The fourth message is from Jerome.
The sixth message is from Lula.


Question: If Sukanya receives two e-mail messages from Lula, what is the maximum possible number of e-mail messages Sukanya receives after Lula's first message but before Lula's last message?


Mercotek carried out a study to compare the productivity of its night shift with that of its day shift. Every week the company's six crews—F, G, H, R, S, and T—were ranked from first (most productive) to sixth (least productive). There were no ties. For any given week, either G and T were the two night-shift crews or else S and H were—the four other crews were the day-shift crews for that week. The following relationships held for every week of the study: F is more productive than G. R is more productive than S. R is more productive than T. S is more productive than H. G is more productive than T.

Question: Which one of the following could be an accurate ranking of all the crews, in order from first to sixth, for a given week of the study?

F, G, T, R, S, H
F, R, G, T, H, S
G, R, T, S, H, F
R, F, G, S, H, T
R, S, H, T, F, G


Question: If F is ranked third for a given week of the study, then which one of the following could also be true of that week?

G ranks second.
H ranks fourth.
R ranks second.
S ranks fourth.
T ranks fourth.


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be the crew ranked fifth for any given week of the study?


Question: For any given week of the study, the ranking of all the crews is completely determined if which one of the following is true?

F ranks second that week.
G ranks fifth that week.
H ranks third that week.
R ranks third that week.
S ranks third that week.


Question: If the night-shift crews rank fifth and sixth for a given week of the study, then which one of the following could also be true of that week?

G ranks fourth.
H ranks fifth.
R ranks third.
S ranks fourth.
T ranks fifth.


Question: Which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the crews that CANNOT be ranked third for any given week of the study?


A shuttle van stops exactly four times—once at Fundy, once at Los Altos, once at Mineola, and once at Simcoe—not necessarily in that order. The van starts with exactly four passengers on board—Greg, Jasmine, Rosa, and Vijay—each of whom gets off at a different stop. The following conditions hold: Los Altos is the first or second stop. Rosa is still on board when the van reaches Mineola. Jasmine is on board longer than Vijay. If Jasmine is still on board when the van reaches Fundy, then Greg is still on board when the van reaches Simcoe; otherwise, Greg is not still on board when the van reaches Simcoe.

Question: Which one of the following could be a complete and accurate matching of stops, listed in the order in which the van stops at them, to the passengers who get off at them?

Los Altos: Greg Mineola: Vijay Fundy: Jasmine Simcoe: Rosa

Simcoe: Vijay Mineola: Greg Fundy: Rosa Los Altos: Jasmine

Los Altos: Jasmine Mineola: Vijay Fundy: Greg Simcoe: Rosa

Los Altos: Rosa Mineola: Vijay Fundy: Jasmine Simcoe: Greg

Los Altos: Vijay Fundy: Jasmine Mineola: Rosa Simcoe: Greg


Question: If Mineola is the first stop, which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the passengers who could possibly get off there?

Rosa
Greg, Rosa
Greg, Vijay
Greg, Rosa, Vijay
Jasmine, Rosa, Vijay


Question: If Fundy is the first stop, then which one of the following could accurately list the passengers in order from first to last off?

Greg, Vijay, Jasmine, Rosa
Rosa, Vijay, Greg, Jasmine
Vijay, Greg, Rosa, Jasmine
Vijay, Jasmine, Greg, Rosa
Vijay, Rosa, Jasmine, Greg


Question: Which one of the following must be true if Greg is still on board both when the van reaches Los Altos and when it reaches Simcoe, not necessarily in that order, assuming he is the second one off the van?

Vijay is on board when the van reaches Simcoe.

Vijay is on board when the van reaches Los Altos.

Rosa is on board when the van reaches Simcoe.

Rosa is on board when the van reaches Fundy.

Jasmine is on board when the van reaches Mineola.


Question: If Greg is not on board when the van reaches Simcoe, then which one of the following must be false?

Greg is on board when the van reaches Fundy.

Jasmine is on board when the van reaches Mineola.

Rosa is on board when the van reaches Fundy.

Vijay is on board when the van reaches Fundy.

Vijay is on board when the van reaches Mineola.


Individual hour-long auditions will be scheduled for each of six saxophonists—Fujimura, Gabrieli, Herman, Jackson, King, and Lauder. The auditions will all take place on the same day. Each audition will begin on the hour, with the first beginning at 1 P.M. and the last at 6 P.M. The schedule of auditions must conform to the following conditions: Jackson auditions earlier than Herman does. Gabrieli auditions earlier than King does. Gabrieli auditions either immediately before or immediately after Lauder does. Exactly one audition separates the auditions of Jackson and Lauder.

Question: Which one of the following is an acceptable schedule for the auditions, listed in order from 1 P.M. through 6 P.M.?

Fujimura, Gabrieli, King, Jackson, Herman, Lauder

Fujimura, King, Lauder, Gabrieli, Jackson, Herman

Fujimura, Lauder, Gabrieli, King, Jackson, Herman

Herman, Jackson, Gabrieli, Lauder, King, Fujimura

Jackson, Gabrieli, Lauder, Herman, King, Fujimura


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

Lauder is scheduled to audition earlier than Herman.

Lauder is scheduled to audition earlier than King.

Jackson's audition is scheduled to begin at either 1 P.M. or 5 P.M.

Fujimura and Jackson are not scheduled to audition in consecutive hours.

Gabrieli and King are not scheduled to audition in consecutive hours.


Question: The earliest King's audition could be scheduled to begin is


Question: The order in which the saxophonists are scheduled to audition is completely determined if which one of the following is true?

Herman's audition is scheduled to begin at 4 P.M.

Jackson's audition is scheduled to begin at 1 P.M.

Jackson's audition is scheduled to begin at 5 P.M.

Lauder's audition is scheduled to begin at 1 P.M.

Lauder's audition is scheduled to begin at 2 P.M.


Question: If Fujimura's audition is not scheduled to begin at 1 P.M., which one of the following could be true?

Herman's audition is scheduled to begin at 6 P.M.

Gabrieli's audition is scheduled to begin at 5 P.M.

Herman's audition is scheduled to begin at 3 P.M.

Jackson's audition is scheduled to begin at 2 P.M.

Jackson's audition is scheduled to begin at 5 P.M.


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

Gabrieli's audition is scheduled to begin before 5 P.M.

Herman's audition is scheduled to begin after 2 P.M.

Herman's audition is scheduled to begin before 6 P.M.

King's audition is scheduled to begin before 6 P.M.

Lauder's audition is scheduled to begin before 5 P.M.


On a particular Saturday, a student will perform six activities—grocery shopping, hedge trimming, jogging, kitchen cleaning, laundry, and motorbike servicing. Each activity will be performed once, one at a time. The order in which the activities are performed is subject to the following conditions: Grocery shopping has to be immediately after hedge trimming. Kitchen cleaning has to be earlier than grocery shopping. Motorbike servicing has to be earlier than laundry. Motorbike servicing has to be either immediately before or immediately after jogging.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order, from first to last, of the student's activities?

jogging, kitchen cleaning, hedge trimming, grocery shopping, motorbike servicing, laundry

jogging, motorbike servicing, laundry, hedge trimming, grocery shopping, kitchen cleaning

kitchen cleaning, hedge trimming, grocery shopping, laundry, motorbike servicing, jogging

kitchen cleaning, jogging, motorbike servicing, laundry, hedge trimming, grocery shopping

motorbike servicing, jogging, laundry, hedge trimming, kitchen cleaning, grocery shopping


Question: Which one of the following activities CANNOT be third?

grocery shopping
hedge trimming
jogging
kitchen cleaning
motorbike servicing


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be true?

Hedge trimming is fourth.
Jogging is fourth.
Kitchen cleaning is second.
Laundry is third.
Motorbike servicing is second.


Question: Which one of the following activities CANNOT be fifth?

grocery shopping
hedge trimming
jogging
laundry
motorbike servicing


Question: Which one of the following, if substituted for the condition that motorbike servicing has to be earlier than laundry, would have the same effect in determining the order of the student's activities?

Laundry has to be one of the last three activities.

Laundry has to be either immediately before or immediately after jogging.

Laundry has to be earlier than hedge trimming.


Flyhigh Airlines owns exactly two planes: P and Q. Getaway Airlines owns exactly three planes: R, S, T. On Sunday, each plane makes exactly one flight, according to the following conditions: Only one plane departs at a time. Each plane makes either a domestic or an international flight, but not both. Plane P makes an international flight. Planes Q and R make domestic flights. All international flights depart before any domestic flight. Any Getaway domestic flight departs before Flyhigh's domestic flight.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order, from first to last, in which the five planes depart?

P, Q, R, S, T
P, Q, T, S, R
P, S, T, Q, R
P, S, T, R, Q
T, S, R, P, Q


Question: The plane that departs second could be any one of exactly how many of the planes?


Question: If plane S departs sometime before plane P, then which one of the following must be false?

Plane S departs first.
Plane S departs third.
Plane T departs second.
Plane T departs third.
Plane T departs fourth.


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

Plane P departs first.
Plane Q departs last.
Plane R departs second.
Plane S departs first.
Plane T departs fourth.


Question: If plane S departs third, then each of the following can be true EXCEPT:

Plane R departs sometime before plane S and sometime before plane T.

Plane S departs sometime before plane Q and sometime before plane T.

Plane S departs sometime before plane R and sometime before plane T.

Plane T departs sometime before plane P and sometime before plane S.

Plane T departs sometime before plane R and sometime before plane S.


A museum curator is arranging seven photographs—Fence, Gardenias, Hibiscus, Irises, Katydid, Lotus, and Magnolia—on a gallery wall in accordance with the photographer's requirements. The photographs are to be hung along the wall in a row, in seven positions sequentially numbered from first to seventh. The photographer's requirements are as follows: Gardenias must be immediately before Katydid. Hibiscus must be somewhere before Katydid but cannot be the first photograph. Irises and Lotus must be next to one another. Magnolia must be one of the first three photographs. Fence must be either first or seventh.

Question: Which one of the following could be the positions, from first to seventh, in which the photographs are hung?

Fence, Hibiscus, Gardenias, Magnolia, Katydid, Irises, Lotus

Hibiscus, Magnolia, Gardenias, Katydid, Irises, Lotus, Fence

Irises, Lotus, Magnolia, Hibiscus, Gardenias, Katydid, Fence

Lotus, Magnolia, Irises, Hibiscus, Gardenias, Katydid, Fence

Magnolia, Fence, Hibiscus, Gardenias, Katydid, Lotus, Irises


Question: If Irises is immediately before Gardenias, which one of the following could be true?

Gardenias is fourth.
Hibiscus is fourth.
Irises is third.
Lotus is second.
Magnolia is third.


Question: Where each photograph is hung is fully determined if which one of the following is true?

Gardenias is fourth.
Hibiscus is second.
Irises is second.
Lotus is first.
Magnolia is third.


Question: If Magnolia is second, which one of the following CANNOT be true?

Hibiscus is third.
Hibiscus is fourth.
Hibiscus is fifth.
Gardenias is fourth.
Gardenias is sixth.


Question: Which one of the following, if substituted for the condition that Hibiscus must be hung somewhere before Katydid but cannot be the first photograph, would have the same effect in determining the arrangement of the photographs?

If Fence is seventh, Hibiscus is second.

Gardenias is somewhere after Hibiscus, and either Fence or Magnolia is first.

Hibiscus must be somewhere between the first and sixth photographs.

Unless Hibiscus is second, it must be somewhere between Magnolia and Gardenias.

Katydid is somewhere after Hibiscus, which must be somewhere after Fence.


An organization will hold its first six annual meetings in exactly six cities—Los Angeles, Montreal, New York, Toronto, Vancouver, and Washington—using each city only once. The following conditions govern the order in which the cities are used: Los Angeles must be used in some year after the year in which Toronto is used. Vancouver must be used either immediately before or immediately after Washington. The meeting in Toronto must be separated from the meeting in Montreal by meetings in exactly two other cities. The meeting in Vancouver must be separated from the meeting in Los Angeles by meetings in exactly two other cities.

Question: Which one of the following lists the cities in an order in which they could be used for the meetings, from the first year through the sixth?

Toronto, Vancouver, Washington, Montreal, Los Angeles, New York

Vancouver, Washington, Montreal, Los Angeles, New York, Toronto

Vancouver, Washington, Toronto, New York, Los Angeles, Montreal

Washington, Montreal, Vancouver, New York, Toronto, Los Angeles

Washington, Vancouver, New York, Toronto, Los Angeles, Montreal


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

Toronto is used at some time before Montreal is used.

New York is used either immediately before or immediately after Vancouver.

The meeting in New York is separated from the meeting in Washington by meetings in exactly two other cities.


Question: There is exactly one possible order in which the cities are used if which one of the following is true?

Los Angeles is used in the fifth year.
Montreal is used in the sixth year.
New York is used in the fifth year.
Vancouver is used in the first year.
Washington is used in the second year.


Question: Which one of the following is a complete and accurate list of the years in which Washington could be used?


Question: If Montreal is used in the first year, which one of the following CANNOT be true?

Washington is used in the third year.
Vancouver is used in the third year.
Toronto is used in the fourth year.
New York is used in the fifth year.
Los Angeles is used in the third year.


Question: Which one of the following could be true?

Los Angeles is used in the first year.
New York is used in the second year.
Montreal is used in the third year.
Vancouver is used in the fourth year.
Toronto is used in the sixth year.


Question: Which one of the following must be false?

Los Angeles is used either immediately before or immediately after New York.

Los Angeles is used either immediately before or immediately after Washington.

New York is used either immediately before or immediately after Toronto.

Toronto is used either immediately before or immediately after Vancouver.

Toronto is used either immediately before or immediately after Washington.


Exactly six actors—Geyer, Henson, Jhalani, Lin, Mitchell, and Paredes—will appear one after another in the opening credits of a television program. Their contracts contain certain restrictions that affect the order in which they can appear. Given these restrictions, the order in which the actors appear, from first to sixth, must conform to the following: Both Lin and Mitchell appear earlier than Henson. Both Lin and Paredes appear earlier than Jhalani. If Mitchell appears earlier than Paredes, then Henson appears earlier than Geyer. Geyer does not appear last.

Question: Which one of the following could be the order, from first to last, in which the actors appear?

Geyer, Lin, Jhalani, Paredes, Mitchell, Henson

Geyer, Mitchell, Paredes, Lin, Henson, Jhalani

Henson, Lin, Paredes, Jhalani, Geyer, Mitchell

Lin, Paredes, Mitchell, Henson, Jhalani, Geyer

Paredes, Mitchell, Lin, Jhalani, Geyer, Henson


Question: Which one of the following CANNOT be true?

Henson appears earlier than Geyer.
Henson appears sixth.
Lin appears fifth.
Paredes appears earlier than Mitchell.
Paredes appears second.


Question: Exactly how many of the actors are there any one of whom could appear sixth?


Question: If Jhalani appears earlier than Mitchell, then which one of the following could be the order in which the other four actors appear, from earliest to latest?

Geyer, Lin, Paredes, Henson
Geyer, Paredes, Henson, Lin
Lin, Henson, Geyer, Paredes
Lin, Paredes, Henson, Geyer
Paredes, Lin, Henson, Geyer


Question: If Lin appears immediately before Geyer, then which one of the following must be true?

Geyer appears no later than third.
Henson appears last.
Lin appears no later than third.
Mitchell appears earlier than Geyer.
Paredes appears first.


Question: If Mitchell appears first, then which one of the following must be true?

Geyer appears fifth.
Henson appears third.
Jhalani appears sixth.
Lin appears second.
Paredes appears fourth.


Over the course of one day, a landscaper will use a truck to haul exactly seven loads—three loads of mulch and four loads of stone. The truck's cargo bed will be cleaned in between carrying any two loads of different materials. To meet the landscaper's needs as efficiently as possible, the following constraints apply: The cargo bed cannot be cleaned more than three times. The fifth load must be mulch.

Question: Which one of the following is a pair of loads that can both be mulch?

the first and the third
the second and the third
the second and the sixth
the third and the sixth
the fourth and the sixth


Question: Which one of the following must be true?

The first and second loads are the same material.

The second and third loads are different materials.

At least two loads of mulch are hauled consecutively.

At least three loads of stone are hauled consecutively.


Question: If the third load is mulch, which one of the following must be true?

The sixth load is a different material than the seventh load.

The first load is a different material than the second load.


Question: If the cargo bed is cleaned exactly twice, which one of the following must be true?

The second load is stone.
The third load is mulch.
The third load is stone.
The sixth load is mulch.
The seventh load is mulch.


Question: If no more than two loads of the same material are hauled consecutively, then which one of the following could be true?

The first load is stone.
The fourth load is stone.
The third load is mulch.
The sixth load is mulch.
The seventh load is mulch.


The coach of a women's track team must determine which four of five runners—Quinn, Ramirez, Smith, Terrell, and Uzoma—will run in the four races of an upcoming track meet. Each of the four runners chosen will run in exactly one of the four races—the first, second, third, or fourth. The coach's selection is bound by the following constraints: If Quinn runs in the track meet, then Terrell runs in the race immediately after the race in which Quinn runs. Smith does not run in either the second race or the fourth race. If Uzoma does not run in the track meet, then Ramirez runs in the second race. If Ramirez runs in the second race, then Uzoma does not run in the track meet.

Question: The question of which runners will be chosen to run in the track meet and in what races they will run can be completely resolved if which one of the following is true?

Ramirez runs in the first race.
Ramirez runs in the second race.
Ramirez runs in the third race.
Ramirez runs in the fourth race.
Ramirez does not run in the track meet.