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Provide a bulleted summary of the history of how home-field advantage is determined for the World Series. | Major League Baseball postseason The World Series used several different formats in its early years. Initially it generally followed an alternating home-and-away pattern, except that if a seventh game was possible, its site was determined by coin toss prior to the sixth game. In 1924 the Series began using a 2-3-2 format, presumably to save on travel costs, a pattern that has continued to this day with the exception of a couple of the World War II years when wartime travel restrictions compelled a 3-4 format (used in 1943 and 1945, but not in the 1944 series, which was contested between crosstown rivals the St. Louis Browns and St. Louis Cardinals; all games were held in the same stadium in St. Louis). From the start of the 2-3-2 format through the 2002 season, home-field advantage generally alternated between leagues each year. Prior to the 1994 strike, the National League champion received home-field advantage in even-numbered years and the American League champion in odd-numbered years; these were reversed for 1995–2002 (because 1994 would have been the NL's turn to have home-field, but the World Series was canceled by the aforementioned strike). That changed starting in 2003.
Major League Baseball postseason Following the acceptance of a new collective bargaining agreement after the 2016 season, home-field advantage in the World Series is no longer tied to the outcome of the All-Star Game, but instead is granted to the team with the better regular-season record. One exception was 2020, when all World Series games were played at a neutral site. The home-field advantage designation in the World Series was determined based on whichever pennant winner held the higher seed in its league, regardless of regular season record. However, in the event both pennant winners had held the same seeding number, only then would regular season records have determined the home team in Games 1, 2, 6, and 7.
2003 World Series The Yankees had been awarded home-field advantage for this World Series, because the AL won the 2003 All-Star game. MLB had alternated home-field advantage for the World Series between the two leagues prior to this, and the NL would have been due for home-field in 2003 before the change.
Chicago Cubs The confusion may stem from the fact that Major League Baseball did decide that, should the Cubs make it to the World Series, the American League winner would have home-field advantage. At the time home field advantage was rotated between each league. Odd-numbered years the AL had home-field advantage. Even-numbered years the NL had home-field advantage. In the 1982 World Series the St. Louis Cardinals of the NL had home-field advantage. In the 1983 World Series the Baltimore Orioles of the AL had home-field advantage.
2017 World Series This was the first World Series in which home-field advantage was decided by the regular season record of the two pennant winners. From 1903 to 2002, home-field advantage had been determined by coin flips and by alternating between the AL and NL. From 2003 to 2016, it was determined by results from that season's All-Star Game, when it was awarded to the team from the winning league. The Dodgers earned home-field advantage over the Astros. The series was played in a 2–3–2 format, with the Dodgers hosting Games 1, 2, 6, and 7; and the Astros hosting Games 3, 4, and 5.
World Series Prior to 2003, home-field advantage in the World Series alternated from year to year between the NL and AL. After the 2002 Major League Baseball All-Star Game ended in a tie, MLB decided to award home-field advantage in the World Series to the winner of the All-Star Game. Originally implemented as a two-year trial from 2003 to 2004, the practice was extended.
Playoff format In the Stanley Cup Finals, the NBA Finals, and the World Series, the team with the better regular-season record receives the home-field advantage. The Super Bowl is held at a predetermined site regardless of which teams reach the game, which usually means there is no home advantage; it is possible for the host city's team to participate. Historically, World Series home-field advantage alternated between leagues on an annual basis; from 2003 to 2016 the league that won that season's All-Star Game earned home-field advantage, and since 2017 the team with the best regular-season record earns home-field advantage.
Major League Baseball postseason The 2002 All-Star Game ended in a tie, much to the displeasure of both fans and sportswriters, who complained about a lack of intensity and competitiveness on the part of the players. This hit especially close to home for Commissioner Bud Selig, as the game had been played in his home city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In response, to make the game's outcome more meaningful, in 2003, MLB began assigning home-field advantage in the World Series to the winner of that year's All-Star Game, which is typically held in mid-July.
2002 World Series This was the last World Series where home-field advantage alternated between the National and American Leagues each year. As a result of the tie in the 2002 All-Star Game, beginning in 2003 home-field advantage in the World Series was controversially granted to the league that won the All-Star Game. That practice ended after the 2016 Series; beginning in 2017, the team with the best regular season record will enjoy home field advantage, the same format used in the National Basketball Association's Finals and National Hockey League's Stanley Cup Finals.
2003 Major League Baseball postseason The Yankees had been awarded home-field advantage for this World Series, because the AL won the 2003 All-Star game. MLB had alternated home-field advantage for the World Series between the two leagues prior to this, and the NL would have been due for home-field in 2003 before the change. The Marlins upset the heavily favored Yankees in six games to capture their second championship in franchise history.
| Home field advantage for the World Series has been determined in the following ways throughout history:
- 1924 - 2002: Home field advantage simply alternated between the American and National Leagues each year.
- 2002 - 2016: Home field advantage was determined by the winner of the All-Star game.
- 2016 - Present: Home field advantage is determined by the team with the best record playing in the World Series. | summarization |
Who is Ronald Peter Nash | Ronald Peter Nash Ronald Peter Nash (born 18 September 1946) is a British diplomat who served as Ambassador to Afghanistan from 2002 to 2003. He was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2004 New Year Honours.
Caroline Wilson (diplomat) Wilson was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2016 New Year Honours and Dame Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (DCMG) in the 2021 New Year Honours for services to British foreign policy.
Paul Arkwright He was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2016 Birthday Honours for services to foreign policy.
David Warren (diplomat) Having already been invested Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG), Warren was advanced Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the 2012 New Year Honours.
Frederick Butler Butler was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in 1915, Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1917, and Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the 1920 New Year Honours.
Alexander Ellis (diplomat) Ellis was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2013 Queen's Birthday Honours.
Martin Reynolds (civil servant) Reynolds was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2018 Birthday Honours, for services to British foreign policy.
Anthony Reeve In the 1986 Queen's Birthday Honours, Reeve was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG). In the 1992 New Year Honours, he was promoted to Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in recognition of his service as Ambassador to South Africa. On 21 March 1995, he was appointed Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO). This appointment recognised the 1995 visit to South Africa by Queen Elizabeth II which Reeve, as High Commissioner of the country, was involved in organising.
Cyril Stanley Pickard He was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) by Elizabeth II, whilst he was an Assistant Under-secretary of State in the Commonwealth Relations Office, during the 1964 New Year Honours. In the 1966 Birthday Honours, he was awarded as Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) by Elizabeth II, whilst he was stationed at Karachi.
Maurice Heenan In 1966 he was inducted into the Order of St. Michael and St. George (CMG) at Buckingham Palace in London.
| Ronald Peter Nash CMG (born 18 September 1946) is a British diplomat who served as Ambassador to Afghanistan from 2002 to 2003.
He was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2004 New Year Honours. | summarization |
Name three countries where Arabic is the official language. | Languages in censuses Arabic is the official language of Bahrain, though English is widely used. Bahrani Arabic is the most widely spoken dialect of the Arabic language, though this differs slightly from standard Arabic. Among the Bahraini and non-Bahraini population, many people speak Persian, the official language of Iran, or Urdu, the official language of Pakistan. Malayalam and Nepali are also widely spoken in the Nepalese workers and Gurkha Soldiers community. Hindi is spoken among significant Indian communities.
Languages of Syria Arabic is the official language of Syria and is the most widely spoken language in the country. Several modern Arabic dialects are used in everyday life, most notably Levantine in the west and Mesopotamian in the northeast.
Constitution of Lebanon Arabic is the official national language. A law determines the cases in which the French language may be used.
Tunisia Arabic is the official language of Tunisia. Tunisian Arabic, known as Tounsi, is the national, vernacular variety of Arabic used by the public. There is also a small minority of speakers of Berber languages known collectively as Jebbali or Shelha in the country.
Varieties of Arabic Peripheral varieties of Arabic – that is, varieties spoken in countries where Arabic is not a dominant language and a lingua franca (e.g., Turkey, Iran, Cyprus, Chad, Nigeria and Eritrea)– are particularly divergent in some respects, especially in their vocabularies, since they are less influenced by classical Arabic. However, historically they fall within the same dialect classifications as the varieties that are spoken in countries where Arabic is the dominant language. Because most of these peripheral dialects are located in Muslim majority countries, they are now influenced by Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic, the Arabic varieties of the Qur'an and their Arabic-speaking neighbours, respectively.
Syria Arabic is the official language of the country. Several modern Arabic dialects are used in everyday life, most notably Levantine in the west and Mesopotamian in the northeast. According to The Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, in addition to Arabic, the following languages are spoken in the country, in order of the number of speakers: Kurdish, Turkish, Neo-Aramaic (four dialects), Circassian, Chechen, Armenian, and finally Greek. However, none of these minority languages have official status.
Libya According to the CIA, the official language of Libya is Arabic. The local Libyan Arabic variety is spoken alongside Modern Standard Arabic. Various Berber languages are also spoken, including Tamasheq, Ghadamis, Nafusi, Suknah and Awjilah. The Libyan Amazigh High Council (LAHC) has declared the Amazigh (Berber or Tamazight) language as an official language in the cities and districts inhabited by the Berbers in Libya.
Al Noor Academy The Arabic curricula are stronger than that of most Arabic countries. The Arabic classes are divided into three levels: beginners, intermediate, and advanced. The advanced Arabic curriculum is made up of Reading and Comprehension (Deerassat Nussuss), Grammar (Qawa3id), Writing (Insha’a), and Poetry (Adab).
Bah The main spoken language is Hindi, which is also the official language. Urdu is the additional official language..
Languages of Libya The official language of Libya is Arabic. The local Libyan Arabic variety is the common spoken vernacular.
| Arabic is the official language of Egypt, Lebanon, and Jordan. | open_qa |
What's the best place to visit China? | Niv Horesh His fourth book is Superpower China ? Historicizing Beijing's New Narratives of Leadership and East Asia's Response Thereto. Horesh is lead author here with Dr Kim and Dr Mauch as co-authors. Superpower China ? features at length analyses of contemporary IR debates in Chinese, Japanese and Korean.
Mick Wallace Wallace spoke in the European Parliament in May 2021 about the EU's hostility to China, saying Why are we choosing an aggressive position with China? Why are we not choosing co-operation instead of aggression? Why are we not respecting the principle of state sovereignty and non-interference? We should be working for peace with China, it’s in our interests. Fine Gael Teachta Dála (TD) Neale Richmond criticized his comments and questioned why Wallace was lionizing China, Russia, Belarus, Syria.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Saga Prefecture Karatsu, with its fine castle, is a tourist destination in Saga. The remains of a Yayoi village in Yoshinogari also attract large numbers of sightseers. Another place to visit is Yūtoku Inari Shrine, one of Japan's three biggest Inari shrines.
Missing sock The Bobs' 1988 song Where Does the Wayward Footwear Go?, asks where lost socks disappear to, asking To the bottom of the ocean? Or to China? Or to Cuba? Or Aruba?. A 1993 album by the American indie rock band Grifters is titled One Sock Missing. In the 2001 American children's film , lost objects including socks are magically transported to the home of a character named Gort, who is a compulsive hoarder.
The Last Best Place The Last Best Place is an unofficial nickname for the U.S. state of Montana. The phrase's origin is disputed. The first known use is in Douglas Chadwick's book A Beast the Color of Winter, while William Kittredge is credited with popularizing it as the title of his book .
State visit by Xi Jinping to the United States The 2015 state visit of Xi Jinping to the United States, which was from September 22 to 28, 2015, was the state visit of China's paramount leader Xi Jinping to the United States. It was his seventh visit to the United States and his first visit after succeeding the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012. During the period of the visit, Xi attended the US–China Internet Industry Forum, visited the White House and met US President Barack Obama, and attended the 70th anniversary of the United Nations.
Five Forks, South Carolina In 2019, Niche.com ranked Five Forks as the best place to live, and second best place to raise a family, out of 190 best places in South Carolina.
China–Ghana relations The two countries have enjoyed a strong relationship since 1960, with high-level official visits to China by then President Nkrumah and reciprocal visits to Ghana by Premier Zhou Enlai. In 2002 Ghana's President John Kufuor made a high-level visit to China, and in 2003 China's President Hu Jintao visited Ghana. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visited Ghana on the second leg of his seven-nation tour of Africa in 2007.
National Association of Scholars Most issues of Academic Questions focus on a particular theme in higher education. Previous themes have included Why Study Islam, India, and China?; Why Study the West?; Hard Cases: America's Law Schools; Liberal Education and the Family; and A Crucible Moment? A Forum on the President’s Call for a New Civics.
| The most popular places to visit china are Beijing, Xian, Shanghai and Nanjing. You can find plenty historical places to visit in those city. There are also many mountains to visit. Speaking of long Chinese history, religious culture and distinctive natural scenery, the Five Great Mountains (Wu Yue) are the best destinations to discovery once for all. Despite the lower height than those high mountains like Mount Emei (3099m) and Mount Wutai (3058m), the five in different directions are known far and wide as the great figure of Chinese nation, through the combination of worshipping tradition of ancient mount gods, theory of five Taoist elements (Gold, Wood, Water, Fire and Soil) and mountain apotheosis from emperors. As the popular saying goes, trips to China's five great mountains belittle trips to other mountains unnecessary(五岳归来不看山). Moreover, the starring five famous mountains in China are still major ashram of Chinese Taoism, where each own typical characteristics with both scenic and cultural significance. | general_qa |
When was the the docu-series 'The Circus' created? | The Circus: Inside the Greatest Political Show on Earth The docu-series premiered on January 17, 2016, and focused on the 2016 U.S. presidential election, January to November. It was renewed for a second season, which premiered on March 19, 2017, and focused on President Trump's first 100 days. It returned on April 15, 2018 for a third season, and focused on the mid-term elections, with CBS News anchor Alex Wagner stepping in as co-host to replace Mark Halperin, who was replaced on January 3, 2018, by the show, after sexual harassment allegations. Jennifer Palmieri joined as guest host beginning October 13, 2019, with season four episode twelve, Desperate Times, Desperate Measures, and joined as a permanent co-host in season 6.
Jennifer Palmieri Palmieri joined the Showtime documentary series, , as guest host, beginning 13 October 2019, with season four episode twelve, Desperate Times, Desperate Measures.
Mark Halperin On October 30, 2017, both NBC and MSNBC terminated Halperin's contract with the networks. On January 3, 2018, Showtime replaced Halperin on The Circus with CBS News anchor Alex Wagner.
Pinkalicious & Peterrific The series premiered on February 19, 2018, with its first season of 38 episodes. The series was later renewed for a second and third season in October 2019; the second season premiered on March 30, 2020 and ended on December 7, 2020; the third season premiered on June 18, 2021 and ended on January 12, 2022; a fourth season was later announced; the fourth season premiered on September 26, 2022. Ahead of its season four premiere, PBS Kids renewed the series for a fifth season with 7 episodes and sixth and seventh seasons each with 6 episodes.
20/20: In an Instant On May 24, 2016, the show was renewed for a second season, which premiered on June 18, 2016, and ran for six consecutive weeks. The season finale aired on July 23, 2016. On May 19, 2017, the show was renewed for a third season, which premiered on June 3, 2017.
The Real Housewives of Potomac The first season premiered on January 17, 2016, and starred Gizelle Bryant, Ashley Darby, Robyn Dixon, Karen Huger, Charrisse Jackson-Jordan and Katie Rost. After the filming for the second season began, Rost was fired from the show. Monique Samuels was then added to the cast for the second season which premiered on April 2, 2017.
Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn The series was originally picked up for 13 episodes on March 13, 2014, and was later increased to 20 episodes. The series premiered on September 13, 2014. On November 18, 2014, the series was renewed for a second season. The second season premiered on May 23, 2015. On February 9, 2016, Nickelodeon executives renewed Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn for a third season of 14 episodes. It was also confirmed that Matt Fleckenstein would step down as show runner. Actress Lizzy Greene announced on her Twitter account that production for season three started on April 26, 2016. The third season premiered on January 7, 2017. The series was renewed for a fourth season and had its episode order for the third season increased from 14 to 24 on March 20, 2017. On October 4, 2017, it was announced that Mace Coronel would be leaving both Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn, about five episodes before the end of the fourth season, and Nickelodeon. On November 15, 2017, Nickelodeon announced that the fourth season would be the last.
The Joker's Wild On May 17, 2017, it was announced that TBS would reboot the show with Calvin Snoop Dogg Broadus acting as host and serving as the executive producer along with Michael Strahan. The revival premiered on October 24, 2017. In January 2018, the show was renewed for a second season. On December 21, 2018, Broadus announced that the show would be moving to fellow WarnerMedia network TNT starting with its third season premiering in 2019. Jeannie Mai served as hostess in the first season. Beginning in the second season, there is no co-host.
Workaholics (season 6) The sixth season of Workaholics premiered on Comedy Central on January 14 and concluded on March 17, 2016 with a total of 10 episodes.
Jim Jefferies On 3 March 2017, Comedy Central announced The Jim Jefferies Show, a new ten-episode weekly series, that premiered on 6 June 2017. Jefferies, hosting the show, takes a look on culture and politics behind his desk, and travels around the world to tackle the week's top stories and most controversial issues. On 25 July 2017, the first season was extended with ten additional episodes, that completed airing on 21 November 2017. On 15 January 2018, Comedy Central renewed the series for a twenty-episode second season, which premiered on 27 March 2018. The network renewed the show for a third season in January 2019, which premiered on 19 March 2019. The series concluded on 19 November 2019, after the end of its third season.
| The Circus is an American television documentary series initially following the 2016 presidential race. | closed_qa |
What is the capital of Florida? | St. Augustine, Florida Spain ceded Florida to the United States in 1819, and St. Augustine was designated the capital of the Florida Territory upon ratification of the Adams–Onís Treaty in 1821. The Florida National Guard made the city its headquarters that same year. The territorial government moved and made Tallahassee the capital of Florida in 1824.
Florida, Uruguay Florida () is the capital of Florida Department of Uruguay. Having a population of over 33,000, it is home to almost half of the inhabitants of the department.
Florida Department Florida () is a department of Uruguay. Its capital is Florida. It is located in the south of the central part of the country with Durazno Department to its north, the departments of Treinta y Tres and Lavalleja to its east, Canelones Department to its south and the departments of Flores and San José to its west.
History of Tallahassee, Florida In March of the following year it was formally proclaimed the capital. Florida did not become a state, however, until 1845 (Tebeau:122).
Tallahassee, Florida Tallahassee ( ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Florida. It is the county seat and only incorporated municipality in Leon County. Tallahassee became the capital of Florida, then the Florida Territory, in 1824. In 2020, the population was 196,169, making it the 8th-largest city in the U.S state of Florida, and the 126th-largest city in the United States. The population of the Tallahassee metropolitan area was 385,145 . Tallahassee is the largest city in the Florida Big Bend and Florida Panhandle region, and the main center for trade and agriculture in the Florida Big Bend and Southwest Georgia regions.
Tallahassee International Airport Tallahassee International Airport is a city-owned airport five miles southwest of downtown Tallahassee, in Leon County, Florida. It serves the state capital of Florida, and its surrounding areas; it is one of the major airports in north Florida, the others being Pensacola International Airport, Northwest Florida Beaches International Airport, and Jacksonville International Airport. Despite its name, it does not yet service any international destinations.
History of Florida Florida became an organized territory of the United States on March 30, 1822. The Americans merged East Florida and West Florida (although the majority of West Florida was annexed to Territory of Orleans and Mississippi Territory), and established a new capital in Tallahassee, conveniently located halfway between the East Florida capital of St. Augustine and the West Florida capital of Pensacola. The boundaries of Florida's first two counties, Escambia and St. Johns, approximately coincided with the boundaries of West and East Florida respectively.
Tallahassee Marathon The Tallahassee Marathon is a marathon held in Tallahassee, the state capital of Florida, since 1975.
Florida Avenue Bridge The Florida Avenue Bridge takes its name from Florida Avenue, formerly the Florida Walk alongside the Florida Canal.
Florida Keys Just offshore of the Florida Keys along the edge of the Florida Straits is the Florida Reef (also known as the Florida Reef Tract). The Florida Reef extends from Fowey Rocks just east of Soldier Key to just south of the Marquesas Keys. It is the third-largest barrier reef system in the world.
| Tallahassee is the capital of Florida | open_qa |
How does a human do arithmetic calculation as fast as a calculator? | Mental calculator Human calculator is a term to describe a person with a prodigious ability in some area of mental calculation (such as adding, subtracting, multiplying or dividing large numbers).
QAMA Calculator The QAMA Calculator is a calculator that requires users to provide a reasonable estimate of the answer before the precise answer is delivered. QAMA stands for Quick Approximate Mental Arithmetic.
FOSD program cubes A calculator is uniquely specified by two sequences of features: one sequence defines the calculator functionality, the other the front-end.
Doubling-oriented Doche–Icart–Kohel curve The addition and doubling computations should be as fast as possible, so it is more convenient to use the following representation of the coordinates:
Mental calculation Mental calculation consists of arithmetical calculations using only the human brain, with no help from any supplies (such as pencil and paper) or devices such as a calculator. People may use mental calculation when computing tools are not available, when it is faster than other means of calculation (such as conventional educational institution methods), or even in a competitive context. Mental calculation often involves the use of specific techniques devised for specific types of problems. People with unusually high ability to perform mental calculations are called mental calculators or lightning calculators.
Mental calculator In the 2014 TV series Scorpion, Sylvester Dodd, a gifted mathematician and statistician with an IQ of 175; he is described as a human calculator.
Scott Flansburg The Guinness Book of World Records listed him as Fastest Human Calculator in 2001 and 2003, after he broke the record for adding the same number to itself more times in 15 seconds than someone could do with a calculator. In 1999 he invented a 13-month calendar using zero as a day, month, and year, which he called The Human Calculator Calendar.
Float Woods Asked whether he was as fast as the English fast bowlers he is reported to have said: I think I am faster than those I have seen. Richardson was, perhaps, the fastest, but he is not as fast as I am now. They tell me he used to be much faster.
Greater roadrunner Although capable of limited flight, it spends most of its time on the ground, and can run at speeds up to . Cases where roadrunners have run as fast as have been reported. This is the fastest running speed clocked for a flying bird, but not nearly as fast as the of the completely flightless and much larger ostrich.
Software calculator As a calculator, rather than a computer, they usually have a small set of relatively simple operations, perform short processes that are not compute intensive and do not accept large amounts of input data or produce many results.
| Use a tech called Mental abacus. When a person reads the numbers, he or she will mentally visualize an abacus and do the calculation by moving the beads in the abacus. The calculation can be done in a great speed. | general_qa |
Based on the autopsy, list the contributing factors to Farley's death in bullet format. | Chris Farley A private funeral was held for Farley on December 23, 1997, at Our Lady Queen of Peace Catholic Church in his hometown of Madison, Wisconsin. Over 500 people attended his funeral, including many comedians who had worked with him on Saturday Night Live and on film, such as Dan Aykroyd, Adam Sandler, Chris Rock, Rob Schneider, Lorne Michaels, Al Franken, John Goodman, Bob Odenkirk, Tim Meadows, Robert Smigel, George Wendt and Phil Hartman. Notably absent was Farley's best friend David Spade. Spade's non-appearance fueled speculation that there was some falling out with Farley prior to his death. However, years later Spade denied any ill will between him and his comedic partner, admitting that his absence from the funeral was because he would have found it too emotionally difficult. Farley's remains were interred at Resurrection Cemetery in Madison.
Chris Farley On December 18, 1997, Farley was found dead by his younger brother John in his apartment in the John Hancock Center in Chicago. He was 33 years old. An autopsy revealed that Farley had died of an overdose of a combination of cocaine and morphine, commonly known as a speedball. Advanced atherosclerosis was cited as a significant contributing factor.
David Spade Spade starred with fellow Saturday Night Live cast member Chris Farley in two buddy comedy films, Tommy Boy (1995) and Black Sheep (1996), both of which were distributed by Paramount Pictures. The two were planning a third film together, but Farley died of a drug overdose in 1997 at the age of 33 and thus it was cancelled. When Spade declined to attend Farley's funeral, rumors abounded that there had been a falling out between the two. Spade stated that their friendship had been under some tension, partly because of Farley's drug problem and reckless lifestyle, which Spade admittedly could not keep up with. However, it never escalated to ill will, and that the reason he did not attend the funeral was simply because he could not handle it emotionally.
Farley's Farley's was a British food manufacturing company, best known for the baby product Farley's Rusks but also for baby rice, cereals and breadsticks.
Kevin Farley Farley was born in Madison, Wisconsin, the son of Mary Anne (née Crosby), a homemaker, and Thomas Farley, who owned an oil company, Scotch Oil. He is the younger brother of late comic Chris Farley and older brother of actor John P. Farley. Like Chris, Kevin attended and graduated from Marquette University.
Chris Farley Popular characters performed by Farley included Matt Foley, an over-the-top motivational speaker who frequently reminded other characters that he was living in a van down by the river! The character was created by Bob Odenkirk when he and Farley were performers at Second City. The character's name came from a longtime friend of Farley's who became a Catholic priest and currently serves as head pastor at St. James Catholic Church in Arlington Heights, Illinois. In early renditions of the character, Farley used other names, depending on whom he knew in the audience, until the real-life Foley went to the show and had his name used, at which point Farley felt the name best suited the character and refused to change it. Some of the mannerisms of the character were a combination of the positions Farley noticed his rugby teammates took on the pitch coupled with his high school football coach's habit of squatting down when giving pep talks and the voice his father used when he was angry.
Chris Farley Along with Chris Rock, Farley was one of the new Saturday Night Live cast members announced in early 1990. On SNL, Farley frequently collaborated with fellow cast members Chris Rock, Adam Sandler, Tim Meadows, Rob Schneider and David Spade, among others. This group came to be known as the Bad Boys of SNL.
I Am Chris Farley A documentary on the life of comedian Chris Farley. The film follows the growth of Farley's career from his first production at a summer camp in Wisconsin to the movies. The film focused on the importance of The Second City and Saturday Night Live in his career.
John Farley (actor) Farley was born in Madison, Wisconsin, the son of Mary Anne (née Crosby), a housewife, and Thomas Tom Farley Sr., who owned an oil company. He was raised in an Irish Catholic family. He is the youngest brother of actors Chris Farley and Kevin Farley. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in marketing from Regis University in 1992 and later studied at The Second City in Chicago.
Too Tough to Care The campaign is successful. Farley offers Ramshaw a Finster cigarette as they leave the office to celebrate, but the offer is declined. Farley is the only one who smokes. On their way to celebrate, driving down the hairpin turns of Lombard Street in San Francisco, both men turn and stare at an attractive young woman walking by, thereby crashing Farley's Jaguar XKE roadster into something unseen.
| -Overdose from a speedball
-Advanced atherosclerosis | information_extraction |
Extract name and the type of water body from this text and list them using bullets in the format {Name}-{River} | Bay of Bengal Further southwest of Bengal, the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri Rivers also flow from west to east across Deccan Plateau in Peninsular India and drain into the Bay of Bengal forming deltas. Many small rivers also drain directly into the Bay of Bengal forming estuaries; the shortest of them is the Cooum River at .
Western Ghats The Western Ghats form one of the four watersheds of India, feeding the perennial rivers of India. The major river systems originating in the Western Ghats are the Godavari, Kaveri, Krishna, Thamiraparani and Tungabhadra rivers. The majority of streams draining the Western Ghats join these rivers, and carry a large volume of water during the monsoon months. These rivers flow to the east due to the gradient of the land and drain out into the Bay of Bengal. Major tributaries include the Bhadra, Bhavani, Bhima, Malaprabha, Ghataprabha, Hemavathi and Kabini rivers. The Periyar, Bharathappuzha, Pamba, Netravati, Sharavathi, Kali, Mandovi and Zuari rivers flow westwards towards the Western Ghats, draining into the Arabian Sea, and are fast-moving, owing to the steeper gradient. The rivers have been dammed for hydroelectric and irrigation purposes with major reservoirs spread across the states. The Western Ghats account for 80% of India's hydropower generation. The reservoirs are important for their commercial and sport fisheries of rainbow trout, mahseer and common carp. There are about 50 major dams along the length of the Western Ghats. Most notable of these projects are the Koyna in Maharashtra, Linganmakki and krishna Raja Sagara in Karnataka, Mettur and Pykara in Tamil Nadu, Parambikulam, Malampuzha and Idukki in Kerala. During the monsoon season, numerous streams fed by incessant rain drain off the mountain sides leading to numerous waterfalls. Major waterfalls include Dudhsagar, Unchalli, Sathodi, Magod, Hogenakkal, Jog, Kunchikal, Shivanasamudra, Meenmutty, Adyanpara, Athirappilly, and Coutrallam. Talakaveri is the source of the river Kaveri and the Kuduremukha range is the source of the Tungabhadra. The Western Ghats have several man-made lakes and reservoirs with major lakes at Ooty () in Nilgiris, Kodaikanal () and Berijam in Palani Hills, Pookode lake, Karlad Lake in Wayanad, Vagamon lake, Devikulam () and Letchmi () in Idukki, Kerala.
Bay of Bengal The Bay of Bengal occupies an area of . A number of large rivers flow into the Bay of Bengal: the Ganges–Hooghly, the Padma, the Brahmaputra–Yamuna, the Barak–Surma–Meghna, the Irrawaddy, the Godavari, the Mahanadi, the Brahmani, the Baitarani, the Krishna and the Kaveri.
Geography of India (The Western Ghats are the source of all Deccan rivers, which include the through Godavari River, Krishna River and Kaveri River, all draining into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers constitute 20% of India's total outflow).
Deccan Plateau On the western edge of the plateau lie the Sahyadri, the Nilgiri, the Anaimalai and the Elamalai Hills, commonly known as Western Ghats. The average height of the Western Ghats, which run along the Arabian Sea, goes on increasing towards the south. Anaimudi Peak in Kerala, with a height of 2,695 m above sea level, is the highest peak of peninsular India. In the Nilgiris lie Ootacamund, the well-known hill station of southern India. The western coastal plain is uneven and swift rivers flow through it that form beautiful lagoons and backwaters, examples of which can be found in the state of Kerala. The east coast is wide with deltas formed by the rivers Godavari, Mahanadi and Kaveri. Flanking the Indian peninsula on the western side are the Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian Sea and on the eastern side lie the Andaman and Nicobar islands in the Bay of Bengal.
South India The low-lying coral islands of Lakshadweep are situated off the southwestern coast of India. The Andaman and Nicobar islands lie far off the eastern coast. The Palk Strait and the chain of low sandbars and islands known as Rama's Bridge separate the region from Sri Lanka, which lies off the southeastern coast. The southernmost tip of mainland India is at Kanyakumari where the Indian Ocean meets the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea.
Mahi River The Mahi is a river in western India. It rises in Madhya Pradesh and, after flowing through the Vagad region of Rajasthan, enters Gujarat and flows into the Arabian Sea. It is one of the relatively few west-flowing rivers in India, alongside the endorheic Luni River, the Sabarmati River, the Tapi River and the Narmada River. Most peninsular rivers in India flow eastward into the Bay of Bengal or northward into the Ganges River.
Exclusive economic zone of India India has the 18th-largest exclusive economic zone (EEZ) with a total size of . It includes the Lakshadweep island group in the Laccadive Sea off the southwestern coast of India and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands at the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. India's EEZ is bordered to the west by Pakistan, to the south by the Maldives and Sri Lanka and to the east by Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. Based on new scientific data, India has petitioned United Nations to extend its EEZ from 200 Nautical miles to 350 miles.
Geography of India The Indo-Gangetic plains, also known as the Great Plains are large alluvial plains dominated by three main rivers, the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra. They run parallel to the Himalayas, from Jammu and Kashmir in the west to Assam in the east, and drain most of northern and eastern India. The plains encompass an area of . The major rivers in this region are the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra along with their main tributaries—Yamuna, Chambal, Gomti, Ghaghara, Kosi, Sutlej, Ravi, Beas, Chenab, and Tista—as well as the rivers of the Ganges Delta, such as the Meghna.
Geography of India The Eastern Coastal Plain is a wide stretch of land lying between the Eastern Ghats and the oceanic boundary of India. It stretches from Tamil Nadu in the south to West Bengal in the east. The Mahanadi, Godavari, Kaveri, and Krishna rivers drain these plains. The temperature in the coastal regions often exceeds , and is coupled with high levels of humidity. The region receives both the northeast monsoon and southwest monsoon rains. The southwest monsoon splits into two branches, the Bay of Bengal branch and the Arabian Sea branch. The Bay of Bengal branch moves northwards crossing northeast India in early June. The Arabian Sea branch moves northwards and discharges much of its rain on the windward side of Western Ghats. Annual rainfall in this region averages between . The width of the plains varies between . The plains are divided into six regions—the Mahanadi delta, the southern Andhra Pradesh plain, the Krishna-Godavari deltas, the Kanyakumari coast, the Coromandel Coast, and sandy coastal.
| Ganges - River
Brahmaputra - River
Bay of Bengal - Sea
Yamuna - River
Kosi - River
Godavari - River
Mahanadi - River
Kaveri - River
Krishna - River
Narmada - River
Tapti - River
Andaman Sea - Sea | information_extraction |
What type of chair would I want to design to give an option to lean all the way back? | Chair Chairs vary in design. An armchair has armrests fixed to the seat; a recliner is upholstered and features a mechanism that lowers the chair's back and raises into place a footrest; a rocking chair has legs fixed to two long curved slats; and a wheelchair has wheels fixed to an axis under the seat.
Chair A chair is a type of seat, typically designed for one person and consisting of one or more legs, a flat or slightly angled seat and a back-rest. They may be made of wood, metal, or synthetic materials, and may be padded or upholstered in various colors and fabrics.
Recliner A recliner is an armchair or sofa that reclines when the occupant lowers the chair's back and raises its front. It has a backrest that can be tilted back, and often a footrest that may be extended by means of a lever on the side of the chair, or may extend automatically when the back is reclined.
The Round Chair The chair features back and armrests made from one continuous semicircle. The finger joints orient the wood grain as the back rail wraps around the body to maximize material strength. The chair is offered with a solid upholstered seat (PP503) or a seat of woven caning (PP501).
Cabriolet (furniture) The seat of the chair is wide, a design feature to accommodate large dresses. Facing the chair, the two front legs are turned outwards. The front of the seat is curved outwards, and the armrests are very open, in the style en arbalète, or styled to resemble a drawn crossbow. The main difference between a cabriolet and an armchair à la reine is the shape of back of the chair. The cabriolet back is concave to hug the body, while armchairs à la reine have straight backs.
Step chair It is sometimes claimed that these chairs were designed by Benjamin Franklin. Franklin himself preferred to sit in a step chair he designed for his own library. This chair folded in a slightly different way from the common diagonal-side-cut step chair; the seat flips up, resting against the reclined back of the chair, and forming three steps; one formerly hidden under and parallel to the seat, and two attached vertically along the seat's front edge and midline.
Cabriolet (furniture) A cabriolet armchair is a Louis XV style chair with its armrests open and elevated from the seat, sculpted independently of the armchair, and making the chair light and easy to move—unlike the bergère, a similar style of chair that has enclosed, upholstered sides. The fauteuil en cabriolet with a concave back and overstuffed seat cushion is a version of this.
Wishbone chair The Wishbone Chair, also known as the CH24 Chair or Y Chair is a chair designed by Hans Wegner in 1949 for Carl Hansen & Søn. The chair features a bentwood armrest and a paper cord rope seat in a woven envelope pattern. The chair is named after the Y or wishbone-shaped backrest.
Director's chair A director's chair is a lightweight chair that folds side-to-side with a scissors action. The seat and back are made of canvas or a similar strong fabric which bears the user's full weight and can be folded; the frame is made of wood, or sometimes metal or plastic. The seat and scissors members work together to support and distribute the sitter's weight so that the seat is comfortably taut. The back is usually low and the chair usually has armrests. The stereotypical image of a movie director on location includes one of these chairs, hence the name. Victor Papanek describes this chair as an excellent design in his book Design for the Real World as it is simple and ideally suited to its function. The design goes back to coffer-makers' chairs of the 15th century and eventually to the Roman curule chair.
Yoga using props For example, in Iyengar Yoga, Sarvangasana, shoulder stand, can be practised under suitable supervision with the shoulders on a bolster, the buttocks supported on the seat of a chair and a blanket, and the legs resting on the top of the chair's back.
| As the name suggests, a recliner features a mechanism that lowers the chair’s back and raises a footrest into place | summarization |
Exact all the names related to 'Qin' in the paragraph | Qin dynasty The name 'Qin' is believed to be the etymological ancestor of the modern-day European name of the country, China. The word probably made its way into the Indo-Aryan languages first as 'Cina' or 'Sina' and then into Greek and Latin as 'Sinai' or 'Thinai'. It was then transliterated into English and French as 'China' and 'Chine'. This etymology is dismissed by some scholars, who suggest that 'Sina' in Sanskrit evolved much earlier before the Qin dynasty. 'Jin', a state controlled by the Zhou dynasty in seventh century BC, is another possible origin. Others argued for the state of Jing (荆, another name for Chu), as well as other polities in the early period as the source of the name.
Kerala Natanam Chandrasekharan's creative contributions include such compositions as 'Voice of Travancore,' 'Manishada,' 'Siva Thandavam,' 'Ganesh Nritham,' 'Ardhanareeswara,' 'Surya Nritham,' 'Geethopadesam,' Kalidasa's 'Kumara Sambhavam,' 'Sakunthalam,' Kumaran Asan's 'Chandala Bhikshuki,' Vallathol's 'Magdalana Maria,' 'Guruvum Sishyanum,' Vayalar's 'Ayisha,' Changampuzha's 'Ramanan' and 'Markandeyan,' 'Mohini Rugmangada,' 'Savithri,' 'Dakshayagam,' 'Ekalavyan,' 'Chilappadikaram,' Greek story 'Pygmalion,' Chinese story 'Fisherman's Revenge,' Japanese story 'Esashiyuvo' (Prapidiyan Pathalathil), Bible story 'Salome' and many more. He successfully composed and performed several ballets such as 'Sri Guruvayurappan,' 'Kumara Sambhavam,' 'Sri Ayyappan,' 'Hrishya Sringan' and 'Sri Hanuman.'
Borda (legendary creature) The Borda, known by this name especially in Modenese, is also known as 'Bourda' in Bolognese, 'Bùrda'in Ferrarese, 'Bûrda' or 'Burdâna' in Emelian. The masculine form takes the name of 'Bordón' in Parma, 'Bordö' or 'Bordoeu' in Milan (meaning Ogre), 'Bordò' in Bormiese (with a generally derogatory connotation). In Milanese, as well as in the dialects cremasco and bormiese, the word 'borda' means fog. In bergamese the name has the meaning fog as well as that of paper mask.
Esperanto words with the infix -um- One area where the derivations is -um- are nearly predictable is in pieces of clothing named after the corresponding parts of the body: kolumo 'collar' (from 'neck'); buŝumo 'muzzle' (from 'mouth'); manumo 'cuff' (from 'hand': does not mean 'glove'); kalkanumo 'heel (of a shoe)'; plandumo 'sole (of a shoe)'; ingvenumo 'jockstrap' (from 'groin'); hufumo 'horseshoe' (from 'hoof'); nazumo 'pince-nez, spectacles' (from 'nose', now uncommon). Many of these are the only word for the concept, though the last two have substitutes: hufofero (lit. hoof-iron) and okulvitroj (lit. eye-glasses). (Note however that brakumi from 'arm' does not mean 'sleeve' but 'to embrace'.) In a similar vein, cicumo is a 'nipple (on a bottle)', from '(human) nipple' (body-part extension), and fenestrumo is 'shutter', from 'window' (a covering of a part).
Entropy (information theory) Information theory is useful to calculate the smallest amount of information required to convey a message, as in data compression. For example, consider the transmission of sequences comprising the 4 characters 'A', 'B', 'C', and 'D' over a binary channel. If all 4 letters are equally likely (25%), one can't do better than using two bits to encode each letter. 'A' might code as '00', 'B' as '01', 'C' as '10', and 'D' as '11'. However, if the probabilities of each letter are unequal, say 'A' occurs with 70% probability, 'B' with 26%, and 'C' and 'D' with 2% each, one could assign variable length codes. In this case, 'A' would be coded as '0', 'B' as '10', 'C' as '110', and D as '111'. With this representation, 70% of the time only one bit needs to be sent, 26% of the time two bits, and only 4% of the time 3 bits. On average, fewer than 2 bits are required since the entropy is lower (owing to the high prevalence of 'A' followed by 'B' – together 96% of characters). The calculation of the sum of probability-weighted log probabilities measures and captures this effect. English text, treated as a string of characters, has fairly low entropy, i.e., is fairly predictable. We can be fairly certain that, for example, 'e' will be far more common than 'z', that the combination 'qu' will be much more common than any other combination with a 'q' in it, and that the combination 'th' will be more common than 'z', 'q', or 'qu'. After the first few letters one can often guess the rest of the word. English text has between 0.6 and 1.3 bits of entropy per character of the message.
Potato pancake Potato pancakes are associated with various European cuisines, including Irish (as Boxty) German and Austrian (as ', ', ', ' and '), Dutch (as ', ', '), Belarusian (as '), Bulgarian (as '), Czech (as , ' or vošouch), Hungarian (as ', and other names), Jewish (as ', , ', plural '), Latvian (as '), Lithuanian (as '), Luxembourg ('), Polish (as '), Romanian (as tocini or tocinei), Russian (as '), Slovak (as '), Ukrainian (as ') and any cuisine that has adopted similar dishes.
Early Romani Layer III words in Early Romani were prepositions (as they mostly are in contemporary dialects as well). Some inherited prepositions were andar 'out of', andre 'in(to)', angle 'in front of', astjal 'for, because of', dži 'until', karig 'towards', (ka)tar 'from', ke 'at, to', mamuj 'against', maškar 'between', pal 'behind', paš 'next to, by', perdal 'across, through', te 'at, to', tel 'under', truja(l) 'past, around', upral/opral 'from the top of', upre/opre 'above, on, over', and vaš 'for'. The pairs andre-andar, angle-anglal, ke/te-katar/tar formed locative-ablative pairs, but there were no special directive prepositions - the locative ones were used to express direction as well. Certain prepositions ending in vowels dropped them before the definite article: e.g. ke- + -o > ko.
Stenospermocarpy Seedless grapes are divided into white, red and black types based roughly on fruit color. The most popular seedless grape is known in the United States as 'Thompson Seedless', but was originally known as 'Sultana'. It is believed to be of ancient origin. It is considered a white grape, but is actually a pale green. Other white cultivars are 'Perlette', 'Menindee Seedless', 'Interlaken', 'Himrod', 'Romulanus', 'Lakemont', 'Fayez', and 'Remaily Seedless.' The most popular red seedless in the U.S. is 'Flame Seedless'. Other red cultivars are 'Crimson Seedless', 'Ruby Seedless', 'Suffolk Red', 'Saturn' and 'Pink Reliance'. Some black cultivars are 'Black Beauty', 'Black Monukka', 'Concord Seedless', 'Glenora' and 'Thomcord.'
Nippo Jisho In this example the syllable modernly romanized as ki () was transcribed 'qi', ku () as 'cu', and the modern syllable group ha, hi, fu, he and ho () were transcribed 'fa', 'fi', 'fu', 'fe', and 'fo' respectively. Also the syllable o () was written 'vo', tsu () was 'tçu', shi () was 'xi', and e () was sometimes 'ye'. To what extent these particular spellings reflect how Japanese was actually pronounced in the 16th century is of great interest to scholars of Japanese historical linguistics.
Symphony in Slang In general outline the story follows John's life. Beginning with being 'born with a silver spoon in his mouth', seeming 'to grow up overnight', 'getting up with the chickens' at the 'crack of dawn, his first job 'slinging hash' because the proprietor is 'short-handed', not being able to 'cut the mustard', being 'given the gate', going back to his 'little hole in the wall', being 'beside himself with anger', moving to Texas to 'punch cattle', 'flying' to Chicago, where a beautiful girl named Mary 'steps into the picture'. Their eyes 'meet'. John's breath comes in 'short pants', he gets 'goose pimples' and is 'all thumbs'. Mary's clothes 'fit her like a glove'. She looks mighty pretty with her hair 'done up in a bun'. She has good-looking 'pins' too. She gives him a 'date', he puts on his white tie and 'tails', and she puts on the 'dog'. They 'go around together', 'painting the town red', going to the 'Stork Club', in a 'box at the opera'. John has a 'cocktail' and Mary has a 'Moscow mule', and 'lets her hair down'.
| Qin, Cina, Sina, Sinai, Thinai, Jin, Jing, Chu are names related to Qin | information_extraction |
What professional tournaments did Liang win during his career? | Liang Wenbo Liang lost in qualifying for both the Wuxi Classic and the Shanghai Masters to Rod Lawler. He reached the venue stage of the Australian Goldfields Open by beating Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon, but lost 3–5 in the first round against Matthew Stevens.<ref name=2012/13>.</ref> Liang beat Anthony McGill and Andrew Higginson to qualify for the UK Championship, where he saw a 4–3 lead in the first round against Barry Hawkins turn into a 4–6 defeat. Liang failed to qualify for the next two events, but won two matches to enter the main draw of both the Welsh Open and the China Open. In Wales he lost 2–4 to local favourite Stevens in the first round, and in his homeland of China he beat Lu Ning 5–1 in the wildcard round, before losing 3–5 to Stuart Bingham in the first round. Liang had a very consistent season in the Players Tour Championship series as he advanced to, but not past, the last 16 in five of the ten events. This saw him placed 27th on the PTC Order of Merit, one spot short of making the Finals. Liang's season ended when he was beaten 6–10 by Mark Davis in the final round of World Championship Qualifying. His end of year ranking was world number 32.
Liang Wenbo In July 2013, Liang reached the final of the World Games but lost in the gold medal match 0–3 to Aditya Mehta.<ref name=2013/14></ref> He had an excellent season in the Asian Tour events by reaching the semi-finals of the Zhangjiagang Open where he was defeated 1–4 by Michael Holt and at the Zhengzhou Open, where Liang won his first individual title on the World Snooker Tour. He beat Anthony McGill 4–3 in the semi-finals before whitewashing Lü Haotian 4–0 to claim the £10,000 first prize. In the full ranking events, Liang won five successive frames against defending world champion Ronnie O'Sullivan in the second round of the International Championship to triumph 6–4 which marked his first ever success over his opponent having lost in all four previous attempts. He then thrashed Mark Davis 6–1 to reach the quarter-finals of a ranking event for the first time in four years, where he lost 3–6 against Graeme Dott. Liang reached the last 16 of both the German Masters and Welsh Open, losing 2–5 to Mark Davis and 2–4 to Barry Hawkins respectively. A second final on the Asian Tour followed at the Dongguan Open where Stuart Bingham made four breaks above 50 to defeat him 4–1, but Liang still topped the Order of Merit to qualify for the Finals. There, he was beaten 2–4 by Yu Delu and Liang was defeated 7–10 by Martin Gould in the final round of World Championship qualifying.
Liang Wenbo Liang overcame Jamie Burnett 5–1 in the first round of the 2014 Wuxi Classic, and then inflicted the first defeat on Mark Selby since he won the World Championship, beating him 5–3. In the last 16, Liang was knocked out 2–5 by Joe Perry. He lost 3–5 against Robert Milkins in the opening round of the Australian Goldfields Open, and in the wildcard round of the Shanghai Masters 1–5 to Yan Bingtao.<ref name=2014/15></ref> He failed to get past the last 64 of the next two ranking events, but won two matches to reach the German Masters, where he eliminated Li Hang 5–1 in the first round. He reached the quarter-finals by coming back from 3–4 down against Stuart Bingham to win 5–4 on the final pink. He repeated this form when he edged Ryan Day 5–4 to play in his second career ranking event semi-final, where he took four frames in a row to hold a narrow 4–3 advantage over Shaun Murphy, before losing three successive frames in a 4–6 defeat. Liang did not drop a single frame in seeing off Cao Xinlong and Gerard Greene at the Welsh Open, but was then the victim of a whitewash by John Higgins in the third round. At the inaugural World Grand Prix, he lost 3–4 to Graeme Dott in the second round. In the final round of World Championship qualifying, he lost the last three frames against compatriot Zhang Anda to be narrowly defeated 9–10.
Liang Wenbo Liang and Ding Junhui represented China at the World Cup and they won in the final 4–2 against the Northern Ireland team. During his match against Matthew Stevens in the first round of Australian Goldfields Open, Liang had a chance to make his second maximum break in his career, but he snookered himself on the yellow ball, and the break ended at 120. He won the match 5–4 to reach the second round, where he lost 4–5 against Ken Doherty. He also qualified for the Shanghai Masters, but lost in the first round 1–5 against Neil Robertson. After this, he was unable to qualify for the next two ranking events, as he lost 2–6 against Michael White at the UK Championship, and 3–5 against Liu Chuang at the German Masters.
Liang Wenbo During the 2006–07 season, Liang reached at least the second round of qualifying in every ranking event. At the Northern Ireland Trophy, he beat Robert Stephen 5–0 before falling to David Gilbert 0–5 in qualifying. However, at the Grand Prix, Liang came top of his qualifying group, above more experienced players such as Gerard Greene and Barry Pinches. He finished fourth in his group at the round-robin stage, and although he did not progress to the next round, he did beat former world champion and world number one Stephen Hendry 3–0. At the UK Championship, he lost in the second round of qualifying to Jamie Burnett 7–9. In the following ranking event, the Malta Cup, he lost to Joe Jogia 3–5, again in the second round of qualifying. He qualified for the Welsh Open, his third ranking tournament, by beating Dene O'Kane, Joe Jogia and Mark Davis. He met Nigel Bond again in the last 48, this time losing only 3–5.
Liang Wenbo Liang started the season by almost qualifying for the Shanghai Masters, however Nigel Bond beat him 5–3 in the last qualifying round, preventing him from appearing at his home tournament. At the Grand Prix, he could not repeat the success of last season and failed to qualify, finishing third on frame difference. He had more luck at the next tournament, the Northern Ireland Trophy, where he won through the qualifying rounds, beating Fraser Patrick, Joe Delaney and Rory McLeod on the way. He faced Gerard Greene in the last 48, but lost 2–5. He had less success at the UK Championship, losing in the second qualifying round to David Roe 2–9. He also failed to qualify for the Welsh Open, when he was dispatched in the last qualifying round by Andrew Norman 2–5. He fell at the first hurdle at his other home tournament, the China Open, losing in the first qualifying round to Steve Mifsud, who at the end of this season was ranked 54 places below Liang.
Liang Wenbo In the first round of the Shanghai Masters, Liang was narrowly beaten 4–5 by Ronnie O'Sullivan. He won five matches at the English Open, which included a 4–3 second round victory over Shaun Murphy, to reach the semi-finals.<ref name=2016/17></ref> From 3–4 down, Liang made breaks of 134 and 138 and Stuart Bingham made a 116 to lock the score at 5–5. Liang took the decider and then ended Judd Trump's 14-match winning streak in the final to win his maiden ranking title 9–6. He became the second player from mainland China to win a ranking event and thanked O'Sullivan (with whom he practises daily) for his help. The win also gave him entry to his first Champion of Champions where he lost 0–4 in the opening round to Mark Selby.
Liang Wenbo Liang began the season at the Wuxi Classic, where he lost in the first round 2–5 against Marco Fu.<ref name=WWW Snooker - 2010/2011></ref> He participated at the Beijing International Challenge to defend his first professional title, but lost in the semi-finals 4–6 against eventual winner Tian Pengfei. Liang failed to qualify for the World Open, as he lost 1–3 against Andrew Higginson and lost his first round match at the Shanghai Masters 3–5 against Matthew Stevens. Having started the season inside the top 16, his results were not sufficient to maintain that position and he slipped out of the top 16. After this, he lost his qualifying matches in the five ranking tournaments.
Gareth Allen In 2015, Allen was successful in Q School and earned a tour card for the 2015–16 and 2016–17 seasons by beating Alex Taubman 4–2 in his final match of Event 2. He won his first match as a professional by beating Adam Edge 5–3 in Australian Goldfields Open qualifying, but lost 5–1 to Jamie Burnett in the second round. Allen saw off Barry Pinches and Aditya Mehta both 5–1 in the qualifying rounds for the Shanghai Masters, before losing by a reversal of this scoreline to Li Hang. He made his debut at the venue stage of a ranking event in York for the UK Championship and was defeated 6–1 by Liang Wenbo. Allen then lost 15 successive matches from August 2015 until the start of the 2016–17 season, when he beat Kurt Maflin 4–3 to qualify for the Riga Masters. Allen won a match at the venue stage of a ranking event for the first time by edging past Ross Muir 4–3 in the opening round of the Scottish Open and then lost 4–3 to Mike Dunn. A 5–4 win over Robin Hull saw him qualify for the China Open, where he was beaten 5–0 by Ronnie O'Sullivan in the second round. Allen fell off the tour at the end of the season as he was placed 110th in the world rankings.
Ken Doherty Doherty began the 2012–13 season by losing 4–5 to Stuart Bingham in the second round of the Wuxi Classic and 3–5 to Martin Gould in the first round of the Australian Goldfields Open.<ref name=2012/13></ref> He finally compiled the first official 147 break of his career at the minor-ranking 2012 Paul Hunter Classic in Germany during a first round win against Julian Treiber. He went on to reach the quarter-finals of the event, losing 0–4 to Mark Selby. Doherty was defeated in qualifying for the Shanghai Masters and the 2012 UK Championship and failed to advance beyond the wildcard round of the International Championship. At the fifth European Tour Event, the Scottish Open, he saw off the likes of Luca Brecel and Ryan Day to reach the semi-finals where he lost 2–4 against Ding Junhui. Doherty was eliminated in the first round of the German Masters by Peter Lines, but then had his best run of the season at the Welsh Open. He beat four-time world champion John Higgins 4–1 and Tom Ford 4–3 to make it through to the quarter-finals. He led Stuart Bingham 2–0, but a series of missed pots saw Doherty lose his confidence and he went on to lose 3–5. His aforementioned run to the semi-finals of the Scottish Open helped him finish 16th on the PTC Order of Merit to qualify as one of the top 26 players for the Finals, but he lost 2–4 to Kurt Maflin in the first round. Doherty almost pulled off one of his trademark comebacks against Matthew Selt in the final round of World Championship qualifying as from 4–9 down he levelled at 9–9, but lost the deciding frame. The result meant that this was the first season where Doherty had not featured in any of snooker's Triple Crown events. Doherty increased his ranking by eight spots during the season to finish it ranked world number 27.
| In July 2009, Liang won his first professional title, the Beijing International Challenge. Liang also won the 2016 English Open. | summarization |
Given this paragraph about mushroom growth, why is it related to the English language expression "to mushroom"? | Mushroom Many species of mushrooms seemingly appear overnight, growing or expanding rapidly. This phenomenon is the source of several common expressions in the English language including to mushroom or mushrooming (expanding rapidly in size or scope) and to pop up like a mushroom (to appear unexpectedly and quickly). In reality, all species of mushrooms take several days to form primordial mushroom fruit bodies, though they do expand rapidly by the absorption of fluids.
Mushroom A number of species of mushrooms are poisonous; although some resemble certain edible species, consuming them could be fatal. Eating mushrooms gathered in the wild is risky and should only be undertaken by individuals knowledgeable in mushroom identification. Common best practice is for wild mushroom pickers to focus on collecting a small number of visually distinctive, edible mushroom species that cannot be easily confused with poisonous varieties. Common mushroom hunting advice is that if a mushroom cannot be positively identified, it should be considered poisonous and not eaten.
Pietraroja The recoverable edible fungi are the agaric (virno), the field mushroom (petranùgliu), the craterellus (scardarella), chanterelle (gaglinella), the honey mushroom (chiuìttu), the cauliflower mushroom (retélla), the parasol mushroom, the Caesar's mushroom, the penny bun or boletus edulis and others not picked up by the inhabitants.
Mushroom The cultivated mushroom, as well as the common field mushroom, initially form a minute fruiting body, referred to as the pin stage because of their small size. Slightly expanded, they are called buttons, once again because of the relative size and shape. Once such stages are formed, the mushroom can rapidly pull in water from its mycelium and expand, mainly by inflating preformed cells that took several days to form in the primordia.
Psilocybe wayanadensis Psilocybe wayanadensis is a species of mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. The mushroom contains psilocybin, a prodrug for the psychedelic tryptamine psilocin.
Psilocybe indica Psilocybe indica is a species of mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. The mushroom contains psilocybin, a prodrug for the psychedelic tryptamine psilocin.
Mushroom Typical mushrooms are the fruit bodies of members of the order Agaricales, whose type genus is Agaricus and type species is the field mushroom, Agaricus campestris. However, in modern molecularly defined classifications, not all members of the order Agaricales produce mushroom fruit bodies, and many other gilled fungi, collectively called mushrooms, occur in other orders of the class Agaricomycetes. For example, chanterelles are in the Cantharellales, false chanterelles such as Gomphus are in the Gomphales, milk-cap mushrooms (Lactarius, Lactifluus) and russulas (Russula), as well as Lentinellus, are in the Russulales, while the tough, leathery genera Lentinus and Panus are among the Polyporales, but Neolentinus is in the Gloeophyllales, and the little pin-mushroom genus, Rickenella, along with similar genera, are in the Hymenochaetales.
Mushroom hat The defining characteristic of mushroom hats is their downturned brim, resembling a mushroom or toadstool. In the 1870s, designs in straw shaped like a mushroom became popular. These had a small crown trimmed with ribbons, flowers and – in the 1880s – bird decorations.
Amanita Edible species of Amanita include Amanita fulva, Amanita vaginata (grisette), Amanita calyptrata (coccoli), Amanita crocea, Amanita rubescens (blusher), Amanita caesarea (Caesar's mushroom), and Amanita jacksonii (American Caesar's mushroom).
Mushroom festival A mushroom festival is a food festival in which mushrooms are featured. There are numerous mushroom festivals held annually in:
| This is because many types of mushrooms exhibit rapid growth, seemingly overnight due to fluid absorption. | closed_qa |
Why Mauritius is famous | Sainte-Croix, Mauritius It is most famous for its association with the Roman Catholic beatus , who worked in as a missionary from 1841 until his death in 1864. He is now buried at the Church of , and is thus a place of pilgrimage for Catholics in Mauritius.
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
Brainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.
Brainstorming According to a meta-analysis comparing EBS to face-to-face brainstorming conducted by DeRosa and colleagues, EBS has been found to enhance both the production of non-redundant ideas and the quality of ideas produced. Despite the advantages demonstrated by EBS groups, EBS group members reported less satisfaction with the brainstorming process compared to face-to-face brainstorming group members.
Brainstorming Directed brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming (described below). It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space (that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea) is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the ideation process intentionally.
Brainstorming Following these two principles were his four general rules of brainstorming, established with intention to:
Mascarene Islands Today 17 endemic bird species survive on the islands. Two species – the Mascarene paradise flycatcher (Terpsiphone bourbonnensis) and Mascarene swiftlet (Aerodramus francicus) – inhabit both Mauritius and Réunion. Eight species are endemic to Mauritius – the Mauritius grey white-eye, (Zosterops mauritianus), Mauritius cuckooshrike (Lalage typica), Mauritius kestrel (Falco punctatus), Mauritius fody (Foudia rubra), Mauritius bulbul (Hypsipetes olivaceus), Mauritius parakeet (Psittacula eques), Mauritius olive white-eye (Zosterops chloronothos), and pink pigeon (Nesoenas mayeri). The Réunion grey white-eye (Zosterops borbonicus), Réunion cuckooshrike (Lalage newtoni), Réunion stonechat (Saxicola tectes), Réunion olive white-eye (Zosterops olivaceus), and Réunion bulbul (Hypsipetes borbonicus) are endemic to Réunion. The Rodrigues warbler (Acrocephalus rodericanus) and Rodrigues fody (Foudia flavicans) are found only on Rodrigues.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Mauritius sheldgoose Many other endemic species of Mauritius were lost after human colonisation of the island, so the ecosystem of the island is severely damaged and hard to reconstruct. Before humans arrived, Mauritius was entirely covered in forests, almost all of which have since been lost to deforestation. The surviving endemic fauna is still seriously threatened. The Mauritius sheldgoose lived alongside other recently extinct Mauritian birds such as the dodo, the red rail (Aphanapteryx bonasia), the Mascarene teal, the broad-billed parrot (Lophopsittacus mauritianus), the Mascarene grey parakeet (Psittacula bensoni), the Mauritius blue pigeon (Alectroenas nitidissimus), the Mauritius scops owl (Otus sauzieri), the Mascarene coot (Fulica newtonii), and the Mauritius night heron. Extinct Mauritian reptiles include the saddle-backed Mauritius giant tortoise (Cylindraspis inepta), the domed Mauritius giant tortoise (Cylindraspis triserrata), the Mauritian giant skink (Leiolopisma mauritiana), and the Round Island burrowing boa (Bolyeria multocarinata). The small Mauritian flying fox (Pteropus subniger) and the snail Tropidophora carinata lived on Mauritius and Réunion but became extinct in both islands. Some plants, such as Casearia tinifolia and the palm orchid (Angraecum palmiforme), have also become extinct.
Mauritius starling The Mauritius starling (Cryptopsar ischyrhynchus) is an extinct species of starling, described in 2014 by Julian P. Hume, based on subfossils from Mauritius. The holotype mandible was discovered in 1904, but was hidden in a museum drawer for over a hundred years, hence the genus name. The Mauritius starling was shown to be closer to the Rodrigues starling than to the hoopoe starling of Réunion.
| 1. Because it has nice resorts
2. Beaches are very nice
3, Foods are awesome | brainstorming |
Does Bolivia have two capital cities? | Capital city In Canada, there is a federal capital, while the ten provinces and three territories each have capital cities. The states of such countries as Mexico, Brazil (including the famous cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, capitals of their respective states), and Australia also each have capital cities. For example, the six state capitals of Australia are Adelaide, Brisbane, Hobart, Melbourne, Perth, and Sydney. In Australia, the term capital cities is regularly used to refer to those six state capitals plus the federal capital Canberra, and Darwin, the capital of the Northern Territory. Abu Dhabi is the capital city of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and also of the United Arab Emirates overall.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Plug-in electric vehicles in Australia , the largest public charging networks exist in the capital cities of Perth and Melbourne, with around 30 stations (7 kW AC) established in both cities—smaller networks exist in other capital cities. An Australian standard for charging connectors does not exist as of September 2013.
Chuquisaca Department Chuquisaca () (; ) is a department of Bolivia located in the center south. It borders on the departments of Cochabamba, Tarija, Potosí, and Santa Cruz. The departmental capital is Sucre, which is also the constitutional capital of Bolivia.
Muria Strait On this island are also located the capital cities of the northern coast of Java, such as Jepara, Kudus, and Pati.
The Voice Brasil (season 3) The selected applications were then called to regional auditions held in seven capital cities across Brazil:
Anil Bhoyrul Bhoyrul is married to Branka, a Slovenian photographer. They have three children - Joe, Evita and Savannah. In 2018, worried that his children were becoming too spoilt and materialistic in Dubai, he got them to each throw a dart at a world map and as a result sent them to live in La Paz, Bolivia for two years. He is a fan of Arsenal F.C.
Television in Australia In the capital cities, cable is the more predominant form of pay television distribution. In regional areas or in new or outskirted areas of cities, satellite is far more common.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
| The executive capital of Bolivia is La Paz. The constitutional capital is Sucre. | open_qa |
Why we need music? | Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Big Picture (magazine) Most of us hear some form of music each day. It is a popular leisure activity and accompanies many of the most significant points of our lives. Even so, music remains one of life's great mysteries. How can it have such a powerful impact? And what exactly is music? Big Picture explores these issues with online activities, audio and video.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
Nan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.
Nan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.
Battle of Nan'ao Island The Battle of Nan'ao island (Nan'ao Dao, 南澳岛) was a battle fought between the nationalists (Kuomintang) and the communists. Nan'ao Island (Nan'ao Dao, 南澳岛) of Swatow (now known as Shantou) remained in the nationalist hands after Guangdong fell into communist hands. On February 23, 1950, the 121st division of the 41st Army of the People's Liberation Army attacked the island. Faced with such overwhelming enemy, the defenders stood no chance and after eight hours of fighting, the communists succeeded in wiping out the entire nationalist garrison and thus taking the island. 27 nationalist troops were killed, and 1348 were captured, including the nationalist local commander, the deputy commander-in-chief of the 1st Cantonese Column Wu Chaojun (吴超骏), and the deputy commander of the nationalist 58th division Guo Mengxiong (郭梦熊). A total of 1304 firearms were also captured.
Nan'ao One Nan'ao One () is a , wide Chinese merchant ship that sank in the Sandianjin waters off the coast of Nan'ao Island, about 5.6 nautical miles from Swatow (Shantou), Guangdong, Ming China. Accidentally discovered by a group of local fishermen in May 2007, it is currently considered the first late Ming dynasty (1368–1644) ship ever found and probably the only one from the reign of the Wanli Emperor (1573–1620) that China has discovered to date. It was likely on the route from the port of Yuegang in Fujian to Manila, Spanish Philippines.
Xindian, Xiamen In the lead up to the Battle of Kuningtou in 1949, PLA forces massed at Aotou (Ao-t'ou; ), Dadeng (Tateng) and Lianhe (Lienho; ) (then part of Nan'an County).
Billy Herrington The three most notable soramimi from Billy Herrington that comes from Workout: Muscle Fantasies 3, that would later make up the tag, are Huh? Like embarrassing me, huh? (あぁん?最近だらしねぇな?, aan? saikin darashi nee na? What? You are slacking off these days?); You got me mad now. (歪みねぇな, yugami nee na, You are not distorted.); and That's not right, man. (仕方ないね, shikata nai ne, It can't be helped.).
| I think the reason why we need music is that it adds color to our lives and provides another way to express emotions. We need alternative ways to express our emotions, whether we're happy or sad. Music is also important for events such as parties, ceremonies, social activities etc... | open_qa |
Is art useless? | The arts and politics Pertaining to such politically-intractable phenomena as the Modern conflicts in the Middle East, however, some artists and social critics believe that art is useless as a tool for political change. There are, nevertheless, examples where artists employ art in the service of political change.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Nan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
Useless machine A useless machine or useless box is a device which has a function but its direct purpose is deliberately unknown. The best-known useless machines are those inspired by Marvin Minsky's design, in which the device's sole function is to switch itself off by operating its own off switch. Such machines were popularised commercially in the 1960s, sold as an amusing engineering hack, or as a joke.
Art for art's sake When the purpose of moral preaching and of improving man has been excluded from art, it still does not follow by any means that art is altogether purposeless, aimless, senseless — in short, l'art pour l'art, a worm chewing its own tail. Rather no purpose at all than a moral purpose! — that is the talk of mere passion. A psychologist, on the other hand, asks: what does all art do? does it not praise? glorify? choose? prefer? With all this it strengthens or weakens certain valuations. Is this merely a moreover? an accident? something in which the artist's instinct had no share? Or is it not the very presupposition of the artist's ability? Does his basic instinct aim at art, or rather at the sense of art, at life? at a desirability of life? Art is the great stimulus to life: how could one understand it as purposeless, as aimless, as l'art pour l'art?
Nan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.
Battle of Nan'ao Island The Battle of Nan'ao island (Nan'ao Dao, 南澳岛) was a battle fought between the nationalists (Kuomintang) and the communists. Nan'ao Island (Nan'ao Dao, 南澳岛) of Swatow (now known as Shantou) remained in the nationalist hands after Guangdong fell into communist hands. On February 23, 1950, the 121st division of the 41st Army of the People's Liberation Army attacked the island. Faced with such overwhelming enemy, the defenders stood no chance and after eight hours of fighting, the communists succeeded in wiping out the entire nationalist garrison and thus taking the island. 27 nationalist troops were killed, and 1348 were captured, including the nationalist local commander, the deputy commander-in-chief of the 1st Cantonese Column Wu Chaojun (吴超骏), and the deputy commander of the nationalist 58th division Guo Mengxiong (郭梦熊). A total of 1304 firearms were also captured.
Nan'ao One Nan'ao One () is a , wide Chinese merchant ship that sank in the Sandianjin waters off the coast of Nan'ao Island, about 5.6 nautical miles from Swatow (Shantou), Guangdong, Ming China. Accidentally discovered by a group of local fishermen in May 2007, it is currently considered the first late Ming dynasty (1368–1644) ship ever found and probably the only one from the reign of the Wanli Emperor (1573–1620) that China has discovered to date. It was likely on the route from the port of Yuegang in Fujian to Manila, Spanish Philippines.
| Whether art possesses a purpose or not depends on perspective.
From a practical perspective, art itself may not provide an instrumental value or necessity to humans.
However, the continuous, innate appreciation of art remains visible in the human race, so although it has no use, humans continue to view its intrinsic value as transcendent to practicality. The millions of galleries and museums dedicated to preserving and enriching artistic culture are proof of this.
Many would argue that, through art, thoughts and emotions can be inspired, allowing people to connect on a deeper level to the beauty of the human experience.
The use of art can also be analysed from a financial perspective. It not only allows for the artist to express their imagination and sell their paintings, but it also generates employment in the creative industry.
In conclusion, despite the lack of practicability of art, its intrinsic value is visible through the appreciation of beauty and talent. | general_qa |
Which ingredients does a margarita pizza consist of? | Margarita machine A margarita machine is a margarita dispensing device. A margarita mix, traditionally lime flavored, is put in a refrigerated container with a spinning agitator. The user is able to dispense margaritas from such a device for extended periods of time, usually up to 12 hours, without losing any quality in the taste of the margaritas. A margarita machine may be purchased in its finished form or built from a cooler with special equipment.
Margarita A margarita is a cocktail consisting of Tequila, triple sec, and lime juice often served with salt on the rim of the glass. The drink is served shaken with ice (on the rocks), blended with ice (frozen margarita), or without ice (straight up). The drink is generally served in a stepped-diameter variant of a cocktail glass or champagne coupe called a margarita glass.
Margarita The frozen margarita is a margarita served as an ice slush, similar to other tropical-inspired frozen mixed drinks like the hurricane or piña colada. The ingredients can be processed with ice in a kitchen blender, or for larger output, a slush or soft-serve ice cream machine is used: a cooled, horizontal cylinder has a rotating impeller that churns the mix so it will not freeze solid, and the thick half-frozen slush is dispensed from a spout. Frozen margaritas were first served in La Jolla, when Albert Hernandez Sr. stopped using crushed ice and instead combined the ingredients in a blender in 1947. The dedicated frozen margarita machine was introduced by Mariano Martinez in Dallas in 1971.
Mexican martini The Mexican martini is a cocktail variation of a Margarita served straight up in a cocktail glass like a Martini. It is a popular drink in Austin, Texas.
Margarita Alternate fruits and juice mixtures can also be used in a margarita. Fruits like mango, peach, strawberry, banana, melon, raspberry, or avocado are suitable for creating this drink. Orange juice and pomegranate juice (poured down the inner side of the glass) can make a sunset margarita (so named because the orange is at the top and the red at the bottom). Many recipes call for a splash of orange juice. These days, margaritas can be prepared in many different ways. When the word margarita is used by itself, it typically refers to the lime or lemon juice margarita. Still, when other juices are used, the fruits are typically added as adjectives in the name, with lime juice or lemon juice added to give it a characteristic margarita flavor (a wedge of lime is often added to the glass). Other varieties of margarita include fruit margarita, top-shelf margarita, and virgin margarita.
Taco pizza Taco pizza is a pizza that uses taco ingredients. The owner of pizza chain Happy Joe's claimed to have invented taco pizza. The pizza has been served by other locations.
Odostomia margarita Odostomia margarita is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
Mimosa salad A classic recipe is to layer ingredients, in a bowl, with mayonnaise in between the layers. Typical ingredients include:
Pizza A popular variant of pizza in Italy is Sicilian pizza (locally called sfincione or sfinciuni), a thick-crust or deep-dish pizza originating during the 17th century in Sicily: it is essentially a focaccia that is typically topped with tomato sauce and other ingredients. Until the 1860s, sfincione was the type of pizza usually consumed in Sicily, especially in the Western portion of the island. Other variations of pizzas are also found in other regions of Italy, for example pizza al padellino or pizza al tegamino, a small-sized, thick-crust, deep-dish pizza typically served in Turin, Piedmont.
Happy pizza Happy pizza is a style of pizza in Cambodia which includes cannabis-infused ingredients and has enough THC for psychoactive effects.
| A pizza margarita is made with pizza dough, tomato sauce, mozzarella, and basil. Some recipes drizzle the pizza with oil or add spices such as salt and pepper after baking. The pizza dough typically consists of yeast, flour, salt, olive oil, and water. Margarita pizza is vegetarian, but substituting the mozzarella cheese with nuts could make it a vegan dish. | open_qa |
What is the difference between a Transformation and Action in Spark? | Analytical mechanics Noether's theorem states that a continuous symmetry transformation of the action corresponds to a conservation law, i.e. the action (and hence the Lagrangian) doesn't change under a transformation parameterized by a parameter s:
Semiautomaton Another difference between an M-act and a transformation monoid is that for an M-act Q, two distinct elements of the monoid may determine the same transformation of Q. If we demand that this does not happen, then an M-act is essentially the same as a transformation monoid.
Transformation semigroup The set of all transformations of X is a transformation monoid called the full transformation monoid (or semigroup) of X. It is also called the symmetric semigroup of X and is denoted by T. Thus a transformation semigroup (or monoid) is just a subsemigroup (or submonoid) of the full transformation monoid of X.
SARL (programming language) An Action is a specification of a transformation of a part of the designed system or its environment.
Semigroup action Any transformation semigroup can be turned into a semigroup action by the following construction. For any transformation semigroup formula_3 of formula_9, define a semigroup action formula_1 of formula_3 on formula_9 as formula_55 for formula_56. This action is faithful, which is equivalent to formula_57 being injective.
Rigid transformation A rigid transformation is formally defined as a transformation that, when acting on any vector , produces a transformed vector of the form
Slackwire A slack rope (or slackrope) is very similar to a slackwire. The difference between a slack rope and a slackwire is in the characteristics of rope and wire.
Transformation (function) In mathematics, a transformation is a function f, usually with some geometrical underpinning, that maps a set X to itself, i.e. .
Foundling-Bird It is Aarne–Thompson type 313A, the girl helps the hero flee, and revolves about a transformation chase. Others of the type include
9 The difference between a base-10 positive integer and the sum of its digits is a whole multiple of nine. Examples:
| Spark's execution engine is designed to be Lazy. In effect, you're first up build up your analytics/data processing request through a series of Transformations which are then executed by an Action
Transformations are kind of operations which will transform your RDD data from one form to another. And when you apply this operation on any RDD, you will get a new RDD with transformed data Operations like map, filter are transformations.
Transformations create RDDs from each other, but when we want to work with the actual dataset, at that point action is performed. When the action is triggered after the result, new RDD is not formed like transformation. Ex:- count on a DF | general_qa |
Can you describe a colour you cannot see? | Marigold (color) It is currently unknown when marigold was first used as a colour name, although the New Zealand author Katherine Mansfield used it to describe a hair colour in her short story Something Childish But Very Natural (1914).
All the Light We Cannot See Doerr wanted to write a novel in which communication over long distances would have been considered a miracle, having been inspired by an event during his train journey. According to Dan Cryer of the San Francisco Chronicle, many of Doerr's works play on his fascination with science and the natural world, of which All the Light We Cannot See is an example. Christine Pivovar of the Kansas City Star stated Science and the natural world [in All the Light We Cannot See] take on the role of the supernatural in a traditional fairy tale.
Straw (colour) Straw is a colour, a tone of pale yellow, the colour of straw. The Latin word stramineus, with the same meaning, is often used in describing nature.
Henri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>
Baby Bear, Baby Bear, What Do You See? Baby Bear, Baby Bear, What Do You See? is a 2007 children's picture book by Bill Martin, Jr. and Eric Carle. First published by Henry Holt and Co., it is the fourth and final companion title to Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
Pounamu The Māori classification of pounamu is by colour and appearance; the shade of green is matched against a colour found in nature, and some hues contain flecks of red or brown.
Mille Miglia Mille Miglia Red is the name for a colour used by Chevrolet on its Corvette models. The colour was offered between 1972 and 1975.
Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See? Carle and Martin published three spin-off books: Polar Bear, Polar Bear, What Do You Hear? (1991) (using animals from the zoo and animal sounds), Panda Bear, Panda Bear, What Do You See? (2003), (focusing on endangered species), and Baby Bear, Baby Bear, What Do You See? (2007), (focusing on North American/forest animals).
Brainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.
| Colourblind individuals can describe colours based on accounts they have heard from others, so it is certainly possible to describe a colour you cannot see yourself. | brainstorming |
What is the field of study that looks at tissues and their structure? | Ann Kring Kring is part of the Healthy Brains Project, a long-term study that looks to identify predictors of neural outcomes.
SEICAP Their field of study includes childhood asthma, rhinitis and conjunctivitis, anaphylaxis, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, urticaria and angioedema, food allergy, drug allergy, allergy to latex, allergy to insect stings, primary immunodeficiency, and other disorders.
Sustainable urban neighbourhood This page looks at SUN theory, addresses the background to the emergence of the SUN, its defining characteristics, looks at a real life example, and finally outlines some criticisms of the concept.
Carl-Zeiss-Gymnasium Jena In 11th and 12th grades, when the (course system) applies for the students, they have to take mathematics as their major field of study. As the second major field of study, they can choose informatics, chemistry, biology, or physics.
Longwood University Longwood requires every student who graduates to complete an internship, directed research or guided field experience in their field of study.
The Scarlet Pimpernel Looks at the World The Scarlet Pimpernel Looks at the World is a collection of essays by Baroness Emmuska Orczy, originally published in 1933. It is a depiction of the 1930s world from the point of view of Sir Percy (Scarlet Pimpernel).
GeneCalling In the field of genomics, GeneCalling is an open-platform mRNA transcriptional profiling technique. The GeneCalling protocol measures levels of cDNA, which are correlated with gene expression levels of specific transcripts. Differences between gene expression in healthy tissues and disease or drug responsive tissues are examined and compared in this technology. The technique has been applied to the study of human tissues and plant tissues.
Histology For plants, the study of their tissues falls under the field of plant anatomy, with the following four main types:
Topographic map The study or discipline of topography is a much broader field of study, which takes into account all natural and man-made features of terrain. Maps were among the first artifacts to record observations about topography.
Lasers in cancer treatment Three types of lasers are used to treat cancer: carbon dioxide (CO) lasers, argon lasers, and neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers. Laser therapy is often given through a flexible endoscope (a thin, lighted tube used to look at tissues inside the body). The endoscope is fitted with optical fibers (thin fibers that transmit light). It is inserted through an opening in the body, such as the mouth, nose, anus, or vagina. Laser light is then precisely aimed to cut or destroy a tumor.
| Histology is the field of study that takes a look at tissues and their structure via microscope. | open_qa |
Where is Koenigsfeld | Altenahr (Verbandsgemeinde) Altenahr () is a Verbandsgemeinde (collective municipality) in the district of Ahrweiler, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the municipality is in Altenahr.
Altenahr Altenahr () is a municipality in the district of Ahrweiler, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the administrative centre for the eponymous collective municipality, to which it belongs. Altenahr is a state-recognised tourist resort and is ranked as a Grundzentrum for state planning purposes.
Ahrweiler (district) Ahrweiler () is a district in the north of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Euskirchen, Rhein-Sieg and the city of Bonn in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, and the districts of Neuwied, Mayen-Koblenz and Vulkaneifel.
Oelsberg Oelsberg is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany.
Idelberg Idelberg is a municipality in the district of Altenkirchen, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany.
Kirchwald Kirchwald is a municipality in the district of Mayen-Koblenz in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.
Sörth Sörth is a municipality in the district of Altenkirchen, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany.
Ahrweiler (electoral district) Ahrweiler is located in northern Rhineland-Palatinate. As of the 2021 federal election, it comprises the district of Ahrweiler as well as the municipalities of Andernach and Mayen and the Verbandsgemeinden of Maifeld, Mendig, Pellenz, and Vordereifel from the district of Mayen-Koblenz.
Bodenheim (Verbandsgemeinde) Bodenheim is a Verbandsgemeinde (collective municipality) in the district Mainz-Bingen in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Bodenheim.
Bodenheim Bodenheim is a state-recognized tourism municipality (Fremdenverkehrsgemeinde) in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
| Koenigsfeld is a municipality in the district of Ahrweiler, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. | closed_qa |
Tell me which of these characters are from the Mario universe: Yoshi, Zelda, King Kong, Luigi, Princess Peach, Link, Bowser, Alex Rodriguez. | Mario Party: The Top 100 The game has eight playable characters: Mario, Luigi, Princess Peach, Princess Daisy, Wario, Waluigi, Yoshi, and Rosalina.
Mario Party 6 All 10 playable characters from Mario Party 5 return in this game: Mario, Luigi, Princess Peach, Princess Daisy, Wario, Waluigi, Toad, Yoshi, Koopa Kid, and Boo. Toadette is also playable as a newcomer. There are 82 minigames in total.
Yoshi Yoshi is one of the primary protagonists and the first playable character in Super Mario 64 DS, alongside Mario. Princess Peach initially invites Mario to her palace. Yoshi is sleeping on the roof when Mario, Luigi, and Wario arrive at the castle. During this time, Bowser kidnaps Princess Peach, steals the castle's Power Stars, and confines everyone within by placing them in the worlds inside the castle's paintings. The crew reclaims the castle's Power Stars after Yoshi saves Mario, Mario saves Luigi, and Luigi saves Wario, and Mario defeats Bowser and rescues Princess Peach.
Mini Mario & Friends: Amiibo Challenge The title's main gameplay is based on the Mario vs. Donkey Kong series, as it also borrows many elements and assets from said series. There is only Single-player mode. Players use a stylus to manipulate the level layout, allowing miniature Mario series characters to survive or achieve goals. Objects such as girders or trampolines can be moved, allowing characters to travel along their intended path. Example characters include Mario, Diddy Kong, Luigi, Rosalina, Toad, Bowser, Princess Peach, Bowser Jr., Donkey Kong, and Yoshi, all sporting a unique power. Obstacles are included such as mine carts and ghost Boos.
Bowser , or King Koopa, is a fictional character, the primary antagonist in Nintendo's Mario franchise, and the arch-nemesis of Mario. In Japan, the character bears the title of . Bowser is the leader of the turtle-like Koopa race. Despite the fact that Bowser has teamed up with Mario in a few games, his ultimate goals are to kidnap Princess Peach and to defeat Mario and Luigi to conquer the Mushroom Kingdom. Bowser's defining traits are his monstrous appearance with dragon-like elements, full-throated roar, fire-breathing abilities, cruel personality, bestial reptilian voice, never-ending conflict with Mario, and persistent kidnapping of Peach.
Mario & Wario Mario & Wario contains a total of 100 levels allotted amongst ten unique locales, which include forest, desert, and underwater settings, each with a different offering of enemies or hazards. In addition to Mario, the player can select Princess Peach or Yoshi to be the character that is guided through each level. Princess Peach walks slower than Mario and Yoshi walks faster, which may offer advantages or disadvantages depending on how difficult a particular level is or how fast the player seeks to complete it.
Kart Fighter All eight playable characters from Super Mario Kart appear in Kart Fighter, although several have been renamed or are Japanese versions of names– Mari (Mario), Luigi, Peach (Princess Toadstool), Yossy (Yoshi), Kupa (Bowser), Donkey (Donkey Kong Jr.), Nokonoko (Koopa Troopa), and Kinopio (Toad). Many of the characters' appearances are closely adapted from Super Mario Kart sprites, although they are not to scale. However, Donkey Kong Jr. has a substantially different appearance and Princess Peach appears in a miniskirt and boots, similar to Chun-Li of Street Fighter fame.
Super Mario Party Super Mario Party features the largest roster of playable characters in the Mario Party series to date. The roster includes Mario, Luigi, Yoshi, Peach, Daisy, Rosalina, Wario, Waluigi, Donkey Kong, Koopa Troopa, Hammer Bro, Dry Bones, Shy Guy, Boo, Bowser, and Bowser Jr., all of whom are returning characters, with Bowser being fully playable for the first time. New playable characters to the series include Diddy Kong, who had only previously appeared as a playable character in handheld Mario Party games; Pom Pom, Goomba, and Monty Mole, none of whom have previously been a playable character in Mario Party, although this is the former's debut in the series, and the latter two have appeared as NPCs throughout the series.
Mario & Luigi is a role-playing game released in 2003 for the Game Boy Advance; the game was later re-released on the Wii U Virtual Console in 2014. In Superstar Saga, Princess Peach's voice is stolen by the villains Cackletta and Fawful of the Beanbean Kingdom. Mario, Luigi, and Bowser team up to head to the kingdom and retrieve her voice.
Super Paper Mario Throughout the game, Luigi, Princess Peach, and Bowser join the player's party as playable characters, each with unique abilities used to overcome specific obstacles. Luigi can jump the highest, Peach can hover and access inaccessible areas, and Bowser can breathe fire to defeat enemies; only Mario retains the ability to flip between 2D and 3D. The player can swap between any character in the party at any time using an in-game menu. Fairy-like creatures called Pixls are obtained that each bestow one additional ability, such as Thoreau, who allows the player to pick up and throw objects. Tippi, a Pixl who accompanies the player from the start of the game, can reveal hints to defeating enemies and is used to find secrets in the game's environment.
| Yoshi, Luigi, Princess Peach, and Bowser are from the Mario universe. | classification |
What is the Foresight discipline? | Foresight (futures studies) In the last decade, scenario methods, for example, have become widely used in some European countries in policy-making. The FORSOCIETY network brings together national Foresight teams from most European countries, and the European Foresight Monitoring Project is collating material on Foresight activities around the world. In addition, foresight methods are being used more and more in regional planning and decision –making (“regional foresight”). Several non-European think-tanks like Strategic Foresight Group are also engaged in foresight studies.
Strategic foresight Strategic foresight is a planning-oriented discipline related to futures studies. In a business context, a more action-oriented approach has become well known as corporate foresight.
Strategic foresight Strategic foresight is a growing practice in corporate foresight in large companies. Its use is also growing in government and non-profit organisations. In recent years, researchers and managers have also elaborated more on the links between foresight and innovation management.
Foresight Institute The Foresight Institute (Foresight) is a San Francisco-based research non-profit that promotes the development of nanotechnology and other emerging technologies, such as safe AGI, biotech and longevity.
National Office of Foresight & Strategy (Spain) Other countries have similar foresight offices, including: Canada (Policy Horizons), France ( ), Finland (Foresight Unit), United Kingdom (Foresight Office) and Singapore (Centre for Strategic Futures). International organizations such as the European Commission, the European Parliament, the OECD, and the United Nations also have units dedicated to foresight and strategic thinking.
Foresight (futures studies) At the same time, the use of foresight for companies (“corporate foresight”) is becoming more professional and widespread Corporate foresight is used to support strategic management, identify new business fields and increase the innovation capacity of a firm.
Association of Professional Futurists The Foresight Competency Model also defined sector competencies for different types of foresight professionals, such as consulting or organizational futurists, at the entry, associate, and senior career level. The origins of the Foresight Competency Model arose from previous taxonomies of futures research methods that offered guidelines for carrying out successful strategic foresight, developed over four decades.
Strategic Foresight Group Strategic Foresight Group (SFG) is a think tank based in India that works on global issues. It was established in 2002.
Foresight (futures studies) Many of the methods that are commonly associated with Foresight - Delphi surveys, scenario workshops, etc. - derive from futurology. The flowchart to the right provides an overview of some of the techniques as they relate to the scenario as defined in the intuitive logics tradition. So does the fact that Foresight is concerned with:
Futurism (Judaism) A particular place on this list should be reserved for the practitioners of foresight. Foresight is a tool for developing visions, understood as possible future states of affairs that actions today can help bring about (or avoid). The practice of foresight is widespread in European strategic thinking, and to a much lesser level in Canada or United States. In Israel, foresight projects are developed at the Interdisciplinary Center for Technology Assessment and Forecasting from Tel Aviv University.
| Foresight is also known as strategic foresight and futures studies. It is an emerging multi-disciplinary practice that analyzes change and its implications in the context of the future.
It enables societies, organizations, and individuals to effectively explore the breadth of potential future scenarios in order to better adapt in the present. Its purpose is to inform clear thinking, appropriate action, and effective decision making based on the identified trends that will have significant impact on their domain.
Some of the numerous methodologies for decision support that are incorporated in strategic foresight include scenario planning, systems analysis, back-casting, design thinking, trends analysis, horizon scanning, and systems thinking. | open_qa |
Who wrote Democracy in America? | Alexis de Tocqueville Award The Alexis de Tocqueville Award may refer to a number of awards named after the prominent Frenchman who wrote Democracy in America. The current known awards include:
Democracy in America ' (; published in two volumes, the first in 1835 and the second in 1840) is a classic French text by Alexis de Tocqueville. Its title literally translates to On Democracy in America, but official English translations are usually simply entitled Democracy in America'. In the book, Tocqueville examines the democratic revolution that he believed had been occurring over the previous several hundred years.
Who Is America? Who Is America? explores the diverse individuals, from the infamous to the unknown across the political and cultural spectrum, who populate our unique nation.
Democracy in America The primary focus of Democracy in America is an analysis of why republican representative democracy has succeeded in the United States while failing in so many other places. Tocqueville seeks to apply the functional aspects of democracy in the United States to what he sees as the failings of democracy in his native France.
Democracy in America Democracy in America was interpreted differently across national contexts. In France and the United States, Tocqueville's work was seen as liberal, whereas both progressives and conservatives in the British Isles interpreted his work as supporting their own positions.
Democracy for America Dean created the PAC Fund for a Healthy America in 2001 in Montpelier in advance of a planned campaign for president. In March 2004, following the conclusion of Dean's presidential campaign, the organization was renamed Democracy for America.
New England New England town meetings were derived from meetings held by church elders, and are still an integral part of government in many New England towns. At such meetings, any citizen of the town may discuss issues with other members of the community and vote on them. This is the strongest example of direct democracy in the U.S. today, and the strong democratic tradition was even apparent in the early 19th century, when Alexis de Tocqueville wrote in Democracy in America:
Alexis de Tocqueville In Democracy in America, published in 1835, Tocqueville wrote of the New World and its burgeoning democratic order. Observing from the perspective of a detached social scientist, Tocqueville wrote of his travels through the United States in the early 19th century when the Market Revolution, Western expansion and Jacksonian democracy were radically transforming the fabric of American life.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Rambling Boy (Charlie Haden album) The track titled Is This America? (Katrina 2005) was nominated for Best Country Instrumental Performance at the 51st Annual Grammy Awards.
| Alexis de Tocqueville wrote Democracy in America | open_qa |
Extract the islands that are part of the Madeira and Savage Islands archipelagos in Portugal. Separate them with a comma. | Madeira The archipelago includes the islands of Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Desertas, administered together with the separate archipelago of the Savage Islands. Roughly half of the region's population lives in its capital, Funchal. The region has political and administrative autonomy through the Administrative Political Statute of the Autonomous Region of Madeira provided for in the Portuguese Constitution. The autonomous region is an integral part of the European Union as an outermost region. Madeira generally has a very mild and moderate subtropical climate with mediterranean summer droughts and winter rain. Many microclimates are found at different elevations.
Administrative divisions of Portugal Madeira is an archipelago that includes two principal islands, Madeira and Porto Santo, plus two uninhabited natural group of islands, the Desertas and Savage Islands (). The archipelago is located closer to Africa than Europe, is highly commercial and urbanized; its regional capital (Funchal) is developmentally comparable to urban centers in the Canary or Balearic Islands.
Savage Islands Diogo Gomes de Sintra discovered the islands by chance in 1438. Although the Canary Islands had been inhabited by the Guanches, humans are not known to ever have set foot on the Madeira archipelago or the Savage Islands before the Portuguese discoveries and expansion. Consequently, this island group presented itself to Portuguese navigators uninhabited.
Savage Islands The Savage Islands or Selvagens Islands ( ; also known as the Salvage Islands) are a small Portuguese archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Madeira, and north of the Canary Islands. The archipelago includes two major islands, Selvagem Grande and Selvagem Pequena, each surrounded by a cluster of islets and reefs, with the total area of . The archipelago is administered as part of the Portuguese municipality of Funchal, belongs to the Madeiran civil parish of Sé, and is the southernmost point of Portugal.
Savage Islands The Savage Islands are part of Macaronesia, the name used to designate the island groups of the North Atlantic Ocean, near Europe and off the coast of Morocco in North Africa. The archipelago lies about from Madeira, and from the Canary Islands. The islands are considered to be a column branch that extends from the Canary Islands at a depth. The total land area of the Savage Islands is .
Riccia atlantica Riccia atlantica is a species of liverwort in the family Ricciaceae. It is endemic to the Madeira archipelago and the Savage Islands in Portugal. Its natural habitat is rocky shores.
Galium geminiflorum Galium geminiflorum is native to certain islands of the eastern North Atlantic: Madeira, the Canary Islands and Selvagens (Savage Islands)
Sticteulima richteri This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off the Canary Islands, Madeira, Cape Verde, Savage Islands and Angola.
Zuane Pizzigano The Madeira Islands, officially recently discovered in 1418–1420 by the Portuguese, are also depicted, with the names accurately given: ' (Madeira), ' (Porto Santo, ' (Desertas) and ' (Savage Islands). This showed that the results of exploration were being rapidly shared among the seagoing nations and their cartographers.
Exclusive economic zone of Portugal Spain disputes the EEZ's southern border, maintaining that it should be drawn halfway between Madeira and the Canary Islands. Portugal exercises sovereignty over the Savage Islands, a small archipelago north of the Canaries, hence claiming an EEZ border further south. Spain objects, arguing that the Savage Islands do not have a separate continental shelf, citing article 121 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. On the basis of this article, Spain claims the Savage Islands are not islands, but instead uninhabitable rocks. The Savage Islands are a protected Portuguese natural reserve, and thus its year-round inhabitants are workers of Madeira Natural Park who look over the isolated natural reserve, protecting its wildlife. Over the years, the Portuguese authorities have seized some Spanish fishing boats around the area for illegal fishing.
| Madeira, Porto Santo, Desertas, Savage Islands | information_extraction |
What are some of the top risks around LLMs? | Henri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
Brainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.
Brainstorming According to a meta-analysis comparing EBS to face-to-face brainstorming conducted by DeRosa and colleagues, EBS has been found to enhance both the production of non-redundant ideas and the quality of ideas produced. Despite the advantages demonstrated by EBS groups, EBS group members reported less satisfaction with the brainstorming process compared to face-to-face brainstorming group members.
Brainstorming Directed brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming (described below). It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space (that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea) is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the ideation process intentionally.
Brainstorming Following these two principles were his four general rules of brainstorming, established with intention to:
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Computer supported brainstorming In computer supported brainstorming, team members contribute their ideas through electronic means either synchronously or asynchronously. The brainstorming software selected by the team mediates the individual interactions and helps to organize and shape the products of the brainstorming session. Computer supported brainstorming can be implemented using a wide variety of electronic technologies.
Brainstorming Groups can improve the effectiveness and quality of their brainstorming sessions in a number of ways.
Brainstorming software Brainstorming software is computer software that is used for the development of creative ideas—brainstorming. Some formats or structures for this include flow charts, idea maps, word association and generative idea creation programs. Ideation is often associated with brainstorming software. Some of the earliest brainstorming software programs included Paramind and programs using Markov chains called Markov text generators.
| 1. Hallucinations: LLMs sometimes make up facts and responses which are false.
2. Toxicity and bias: LLMs reflect the data they were trained on, so they may generate responses with toxic or biased content.
3. Job losses: More generally, many people worry that LLMs and AI will displace humans in some jobs, though similar historical breakthroughs indicate that jobs will likely change but not be lost overall.
4. Malicious AI: As LLMs and AI approach Artifical General Intelligence (AGI), some people fear that an AGI may become a threat to some or all humans.
5. Environmental impact: LLMs and big AI models require lots of energy to train, and therefore have big carbon footprints. | brainstorming |
Write about something you hate. | Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Richard W. Dorgan I hate Valentino! All men hate Valentino. I hate his oriental optics; I hate his classic nose; I hate his Roman face; I hate his smile; I hate his glistening teeth; I hate his patent leather hair; I hate his Svengali glare; I hate him because he dances too well; I hate him because he's a slicker; I hate him because he's the great lover of the screen; I hate him because he's an embezzeler of hearts; I hate him because he's too apt in the art of osculation; I hate him because he's leading man for Gloria Swanson; I hate him because he's too good looking.
Martin Popoff A number of Popoff's other books are biographies of notable metal bands, including Black Sabbath in Doom Let Loose and Dio in Light Beyond the Black. While the biographies are usually not officially authorized, a large amount of research consists of interviews between Popoff and members of each band. Popoff has said of his relationship with his subjects: I censor myself because I don't want to write something to hurt people. You write a book on Sabbath and you don’t want to write something to hurt (their) families - I love those guys. A Judas Priest biography, Heavy Metal Painkillers, was published in 2007.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
I Hate Luv Storys The title I Hate Luv Storys is an intentional misspelling of the sentence I Hate Love Stories, and was chosen for numerological reasons.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
The Hate That Hate Produced The Hate That Hate Produced included interviews between Lomax and Elijah Muhammad, the leader of the Nation of Islam. When Lomax asked him whether he was preaching hate, Muhammad answered that he was just teaching truth. Muhammad said he believed Black people were divine and white people were devils. He also said that Allah was a Black man.
Nan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.
The Hate That Hate Produced Some recent commentators feel that The Hate That Hate Produced was biased against the Nation of Islam. One writer said its title reflected its severe view. Others have described it as marked [by] a tendency to caricature, blatantly one-sided, and a piece of yellow journalism.
Michaelbrent Collings In an interview with Joanna Penn, Collings discussed how he suffers from major depressive disorder. He noted that not all writers are able to write something every day, but encouraged writers with depression to engage with stories during their depressive episodes to help them think about their writing, which is a process.
| I hate motorized scooters. I live in London and over the last few years, they have become extremely popular for people getting around the city. Most people are okay on them, but there are far too many who will go too fast, and ride on the pavement. I've been crashed into a few times and I have read news reports of people being seriously injured and killed by them.
The rental scooters can often be left abandoned on the pavement or in parking spots, creating an eyesore and a hazard. They should be regulated better! | creative_writing |
What are Bengali famous food ? | Famous Food The contestants will work to launch Famous Food, a Hollywood restaurant, with their skills being tested in challenges. At the season's end, the winner will be given a partnership stake in the business.
Taman Berkeley Berkeley is famous for its food such as fried porridge, claypot chicken rice, mee hoon kueh and bak kut teh.
Henri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
Brainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.
Brainstorming According to a meta-analysis comparing EBS to face-to-face brainstorming conducted by DeRosa and colleagues, EBS has been found to enhance both the production of non-redundant ideas and the quality of ideas produced. Despite the advantages demonstrated by EBS groups, EBS group members reported less satisfaction with the brainstorming process compared to face-to-face brainstorming group members.
Brainstorming Directed brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming (described below). It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space (that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea) is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the ideation process intentionally.
Brainstorming Following these two principles were his four general rules of brainstorming, established with intention to:
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Computer supported brainstorming In computer supported brainstorming, team members contribute their ideas through electronic means either synchronously or asynchronously. The brainstorming software selected by the team mediates the individual interactions and helps to organize and shape the products of the brainstorming session. Computer supported brainstorming can be implemented using a wide variety of electronic technologies.
| 1. Hilsha shorshe
2, Shorshe posto jhinge alu
3. Fish curry
4. Kolkata / kacchi / Dhakai Biriyani | brainstorming |
What does the phrase “ignorance is bliss” mean? | Alice: Ignorance Is Bliss Alice: Ignorance is Bliss is a 2014 British short documentary by Thomas McNaught. It was featured on BBC Three’s FRESH scheme.
Ignorance Is Bliss (film) Ignorance Is Bliss () is a 2017 Italian comedy film directed by Massimiliano Bruno. The film received mixed reviews from critics.
Ignorance Is Bliss (House) Ignorance Is Bliss is the ninth episode of the sixth season of the Fox television show House. It aired on November 23, 2009.
Ignorance Is Bliss Ignorance is bliss is a phrase coined by Thomas Gray in his 1768 Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College. The sentiment was already expressed by Publilius Syrus: In nil sapiendo vita iucundissima est. (In knowing nothing, life is most delightful.)
Ignorance Is Bliss (Skepta album) Upon release, Ignorance Is Bliss was met with positive reviews and debuted at number two on the UK Albums Chart. The album was supported by the singles Bullet from a Gun and Greaze Mode with Nafe Smallz.
Ignorance Is Bliss (Skepta album) In a mixed review, Will Pritchard of Pitchfork concluded that as Skepta tussles to find his place in the world, you’re left wondering whether he craves the bliss of youthful innocence or the responsibility of being a voice for a generation. Unfortunately, Ignorance Is Bliss is a deferral, splitting the difference with a series of half-measures.
Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College Ode on a Distant Prospect of Eton College is an 18th-century ode by Thomas Gray. It is composed of ten 10-line stanzas, rhyming ABABCCDEED, with the B lines and final D line in iambic trimeter and the others in iambic tetrameter. In this poem, Gray coined the phrase Ignorance is bliss. It occurs in the final stanza of the poem:
Ignorance Is Bliss (Skepta album) Ian McQuaid of The Independent described Ignorance Is Bliss as a quintessentially London record, as dark and moody as it is brash and innovative, adding that Skepta might just have invented a new genre. For NME, Jordan Bassett wrote that the album is a diverse-sounding, assured success, a muscular record that conveys global ambition, drawing on a dizzying collection of sounds and influences, noting the colourful, kaleidoscopic and loose approach in contrast to Skepta's previous studio album, Konnichiwa.
Ignorance Is Bliss (Face to Face album) Ignorance Is Bliss is the fifth studio album by the punk rock band, Face to Face. The album was released in 1999, and was a musical and lyrical departure from the pop-punk or skate-punk influenced music found on previous albums and EPs.
Ignorance Is Bliss (Skepta album) Ignorance Is Bliss is the fifth studio album by British rapper Skepta. It was released on 31 May 2019 through Boy Better Know, and is the follow-up to his 2016 album Konnichiwa. The album features appearances from Nafe Smallz, Key!, J Hus, Cheb Rabi, B Live, Lancey Foux, Lay-Z, Wizkid and Boy Better Know.
| “Ignorance is bliss” refers to times when it is better not to know something than to know it. | open_qa |
Summarize Tiger Woods professional golf career. | Tiger Woods Woods has held numerous golf records. He has been the number one player in the world for the most consecutive weeks and for the greatest total number of weeks of any golfer in history. He has been awarded PGA Player of the Year a record 11 times and has won the Byron Nelson Award for lowest adjusted scoring average a record eight times. Woods has the record of leading the money list in ten different seasons. He has won 15 professional major golf championships (trailing only Jack Nicklaus, who leads with 18) and 82 PGA Tour events (tied for first all time with Sam Snead). Woods leads all active golfers in career major wins and career PGA Tour wins.
Tiger Woods Following an outstanding junior, college, and amateur golf career, Woods turned professional in 1996 at the age of 20. By the end of April 1997, he had won three PGA Tour events in addition to his first major, the 1997 Masters, which he won by 12 strokes in a record-breaking performance. He reached number one in the Official World Golf Ranking for the first time in June 1997, less than a year after turning pro. Throughout the first decade of the 21st century, Woods was the dominant force in golf. He was the top-ranked golfer in the world from August 1999 to September 2004 (264 consecutive weeks) and again from June 2005 to October 2010 (281 consecutive weeks). During this time, he won 13 of golf's major championships.
Tiger Woods The next decade of Woods's career was marked by comebacks from personal problems and injuries. He took a self-imposed hiatus from professional golf from December 2009 to early April 2010 in an attempt to resolve marital issues with his wife at the time, Elin. Woods admitted to multiple infidelities, and the couple eventually divorced. He fell to number 58 in the world rankings in November 2011 before ascending again to the number-one ranking between March 2013 and May 2014. However, injuries led him to undergo four back surgeries between 2014 and 2017. Woods competed in only one tournament between August 2015 and January 2018, and he dropped off the list of the world's top 1,000 golfers. On his return to regular competition, Woods made steady progress to the top of the game, winning his first tournament in five years at the Tour Championship in September 2018 and his first major in 11 years at the 2019 Masters.
Tiger Woods Eldrick Tont Tiger Woods (born December 30, 1975) is an American professional golfer. He is tied for first in PGA Tour wins, ranks second in men's major championships, and holds numerous golf records. Woods is widely regarded as one of the greatest golfers of all time and is one of the most famous athletes in modern history. He is an inductee of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Professional golf career of Tiger Woods The following April, Woods won his first major, The Masters, with a record score of 18-under-par 270, by a record margin of 12 strokes. The landmark victory made Woods the tournament's youngest-ever winner, as well as its first African-American winner (and its first Asian-American winner). Woods set 20 Masters records in 1997 and tied six others. He went on to win another three PGA Tour events that year, and on June 15, 1997, in only his 42nd week as a professional, rose to number one in the Official World Golf Ranking, the fastest-ever ascent to world No. 1. At the conclusion of the 1997 season, Woods was named PGA Player of the Year, the first time a golfer had won the award in just his second year as a professional.
Professional golf career of Tiger Woods Woods's major championship streak was seriously threatened at the 2000 PGA Championship, when Bob May went head-to-head with Woods on Sunday at Valhalla Golf Club. However, Woods played the last twelve holes of regulation seven under par, and won a three-hole aggregate playoff over May with a birdie on the first hole and pars on the next two. He joined Ben Hogan (1953) as the only other player to win three professional majors in one season. Three weeks later, he won his third straight start on Tour at the Bell Canadian Open, becoming only the second man after Lee Trevino in 1971 to win the Triple Crown of Golf (U.S., British, and Canadian Opens) in one year. By the end of Woods' 2000 campaign, he had won three consecutive majors, nine PGA Tour events, and had set or tied 27 Tour records. Of the twenty events he entered, he finished in the top three fourteen times. His adjusted scoring average of 67.79 and his actual scoring average of 68.17 were the lowest in PGA Tour history, besting his own record of 68.43 in 1999 and Byron Nelson's average of 68.33 in 1945. He was named the 2000 Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year, becoming the first athlete to be honored twice, a feat that was matched by LeBron James in 2016. Woods was ranked as the twelfth best golfer of all time by Golf Digest magazine just four years after he turned professional.
Professional golf career of Tiger Woods Woods' next appearance came at the 2019 Masters Tournament – the first major championship of the 2019 season. Woods opened up the tournament with a round of 70, following this up with a 68 to enter the weekend one behind the leaders. Woods made a slow start to his third round, but rallied to a round of 67 to finish the day tied for second, two shots behind leader Francesco Molinari. Woods entered the final round in the last group, aiming for a first major championship since the 2008 U.S. Open. Molinari held on to his lead on the front nine, with Woods at one point falling three shots behind. However, Molinari encountered problems on the back nine. The tide swung in Woods' favor at the 12th hole, with Molinari putting his tee shot in the water and consequently double-bogeying the par-3, while Woods made a par. As Woods' group entered hole 15, Woods was one of five players tied for the lead. Woods birdied the hole to move one shot ahead, while Molinari found the water twice, making a double bogey, before Woods moved two ahead following another birdie at 16. After making par at 17, Woods bogeyed the final hole to complete a round of 70, thus claiming a one-shot victory. This was Woods' 5th Masters Tournament triumph, 15th major championship victory, and his first when trailing after three rounds. The victory put him three shy of Jack Nicklaus' overall record. Woods' victory was also his 81st PGA Tour win, and was lauded by many as the greatest sporting comeback of all time. After the Masters win, Woods rose into the top 10 of the Official World Golf Ranking at number 6. The following day, President Donald Trump announced on Twitter that he would present Woods with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, for his incredible comeback in sports and life, which was awarded to him on May 6, 2019.
Tiger Woods Woods has won 82 official PGA Tour events, including 15 majors. He is 14–1 when going into the final round of a major with at least a share of the lead. Multiple golf experts have heralded Woods as the greatest closer in history. He has the lowest career scoring average and the largest career earnings of any player in PGA Tour history.
Tiger Woods In 2000, Woods won six consecutive events on the PGA Tour, which was the longest winning streak since Ben Hogan did it in 1948. One of these was the U.S. Open, where he broke or tied nine tournament records in what Sports Illustrated called the greatest performance in golf history, in which Woods won the tournament by a record 15-stroke margin and earned a check for $800,000. At age 24, he became the youngest golfer to achieve the Career Grand Slam. At the end of 2000, Woods had won nine of the twenty PGA Tour events he entered and had broken the record for lowest scoring average in tour history. He was named the Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year, the only athlete to be honored twice, and was ranked by Golf Digest magazine as the twelfth-best golfer of all time.
Tiger Woods Woods turned professional at age 20 in August 1996 and immediately signed advertising deals with Nike, Inc. and Titleist that ranked as the most lucrative endorsement contracts in golf history at that time. Woods was named Sports Illustrateds 1996 Sportsman of the Year and PGA Tour Rookie of the Year. On April 13, 1997, he won his first major, the Masters, in record-breaking fashion and became the tournament's youngest winner at age 21. Two months later, he set the record for the fastest ascent to No. 1 in the Official World Golf Ranking. After a lackluster 1998, Woods finished the 1999 season with eight wins, including the PGA Championship, a feat not achieved since Johnny Miller did it in 1974.
| Tiger Woods is tied for first in PGA Tour wins and ranks second in men's major championships. He holds numerous golf records. Tiger Woods is widely regarded as one of the greatest golfers of all time and is one of the most famous athletes in modern history. He is an inductee of the World Golf Hall of Fame. Tiger turned professional in 1996 at the age of 20. By the end of April 1997, he had won three PGA Tour events in addition to his first major, the 1997 Masters, which he won by 12 strokes in a record-breaking performance. Woods has won 18 World Golf Championships. He has been awarded PGA Player of the Year 11 times and has won the Byron Nelson Award for lowest adjusted scoring average a record eight times. He has won 15 professional major golf championships and 82 PGA Tour events. Woods leads all active golfers in career major wins and career PGA Tour wins. | summarization |
Given these paragraphs about the Tesla bot, what is its alias? | Optimus (robot) Optimus, also known as Tesla Bot, is a conceptual general-purpose robotic humanoid under development by Tesla, Inc. It was announced at the company's Artificial Intelligence (AI) Day event on August 19, 2021. CEO Elon Musk claimed during the event that Tesla would likely build a prototype by 2022. Musk is on record having said that he thinks Optimus has the potential to be more significant than the vehicle business over time.
Optimus (robot) Tesla Bot is planned to measure tall and weigh . According to the presentation made during the first AI Day event, a Tesla Bot will be controlled by the same AI system Tesla is developing for the advanced driver-assistance system used in its cars and have a carrying capacity of . Proposed tasks for the product are ones that are dangerous, repetitive and boring, such as providing manufacturing assistance.
Optimus (robot) Soon after the event, many publications reacted with skepticism about the proposed product. Bloomberg News claimed that such a product constituted mission creep and stood outside the company’s clean-energy initiatives. The Washington Post argued that Tesla has a history of exaggerating timelines and overpromising at its product unveilings and investor presentations. The Verge similarly noted that Tesla’s history is littered with fanciful ideas that never panned out... it’s anyone’s guess as to whether a working Tesla Bot will ever see the light of day and, in an editorial, described the Tesla Bot reveal as a bizarre and brilliant bit of tomfoolery.
Tesla, Inc. In September 2022, Tesla revealed prototypes of its proposed humanoid robot Optimus, which Musk has stated uses the same core software as FSD. During the presentations at Tesla's AI Day 2022, Musk suggested that, among other use cases, the finalized version of Optimus could be used in Tesla's car factories to help with repetitive tasks and relieve labor shortages.
Optimus (robot) Carl Berry, a lecturer of robotics engineering, described the AI Day presentation as the usual overblown hype. Following the Tesla Bot display at the Cyber Rodeo event, scientist Gary Marcus stated he would bet that no robot will be able to do all human tasks by the end of 2023.
Tesla Autopilot Dojo is an artificial intelligence (AI) neural network training supercomputer announced by Musk on Tesla's AI Day on August 19, 2021. It had previously been mentioned by Musk in April 2019 and August 2020. In September 2021, a Tesla Dojo whitepaper was released. According to Musk, Project Dojo will be operational in 2022.
Optimus (robot) In June 2022, Musk announced the display model at (AI) Day event and the Giga Texas opening will not look anything like the first prototype that Tesla hopes to unveil later in 2022.
Criticism of Tesla, Inc. An article from Deutschlandfunk describes how online armies take on defense work and information policy for Elon Musk via tech blogs and social media. In addition, Tesla's clean-energy division Tesla Energy is alleged to have a team dedicated to searching for customer complaints on social media and asking them to delete their comments. A separate team is dedicated to managing negative social media posts aimed specifically at Elon Musk. Electrek, the largest electric car news site, has consistently promoted Tesla and has been accused of failing to disclose its conflicts of interest and close relationship with Tesla. Researchers found 186 bot accounts on Twitter that have consistently published positive sentiments about Tesla, which they say may have buffered the Tesla narrative from an emergent group of critics, relieved downward pressure on the Tesla stock price and amplified pro-Tesla sentiment from the time of the firm's IPO in June 2010 to the end of 2020.
Criticism of Tesla, Inc. Tesla, Inc. has been criticized for its cars, workplace culture, business practices, and occupational safety. Many of the company's criticisms are also directed toward Elon Musk, the company's CEO and Product Architect. Critics have also accused Tesla of deceptive marketing, unfulfilled promises, and fraud, with Elon Musk usually included as well. The company is currently facing criminal and civil investigations into its self-driving claims. Critics have highlighted Tesla's downplaying of issues, and Tesla's alleged retaliation against several whistleblowers.
Tesla Fault The Tesla Fault can be found in the northeastern Diablo Range, California. This fault is only semi-active.
| Optimus | closed_qa |
Where is the basketball Hall of Fame? | Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame As of 2011, the current Basketball Hall of Fame has greatly exceeded attendance expectations, with basketball fans traveling to the Hall of Fame from all over the world.
Joe Dean Dean is a member of the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame, the Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame, the NABC Hall of Fame, the Louisiana Hall of Fame and the LSU Hall of Fame.
Henry Iba Iba was elected to the Oklahoma Sports Hall of Fame, the Oklahoma Hall of Fame, the Missouri Hall of Fame, the Helms Foundation All-Time Hall of Fame for basketball, National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame (in 2006), FIBA Hall of Fame (in 2007) and Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (in 1969) at Springfield, Massachusetts.
Tom Carnegie Carnegie helped establish the Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame in New Castle, Indiana; it is the only statewide basketball hall of fame in the United States with a permanent facility. He also assisted in launching New Castle's annual Hall of Fame Classic basketball game.
Women's Basketball Hall of Fame The Hall of Honor is the location within the Hall of Fame that recognizes the achievements of each of the inductees.
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame was established in 1959, without a physical location by Lee Williams, a former athletic director at Colby College. In the 1960s, the Hall of Fame struggled to raise enough money for the construction of its first facility. However, the necessary amount was soon raised, and the building opened on February 17, 1968, less than a month after the National Basketball Association played its 18th All-Star Game. The Basketball Hall of Fame's Board named four inductees in its first year. In addition to honoring those who contributed to basketball, the Hall of Fame sought to make contributions of its own. In 1979, the Hall of Fame sponsored the Tip-Off Classic, a pre-season college basketball exhibition. This Tip-Off Classic has been the start to the college basketball season ever since, and although it does not always take place in Springfield, Massachusetts, generally it returns every few years.
Italian Basketball Hall of Fame The Italian Basketball Hall of Fame (, IBHOF) is a hall of fame that honours individuals (or whole teams) that have contributed to the spread and improvement of Italian basketball, through their sporting contributions, their behaviour and their actions in support of the game in Italy.
National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame The National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame, located in Kansas City, Missouri, is a hall of fame and museum dedicated to men's college basketball. The museum is an integral portion of the College Basketball Experience created by the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC), located at the T-Mobile Center. The hall is meant as a complement to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, with a focus strictly on those who have contributed greatly to college basketball.
Arnie Risen Risen played professionally in the NBA for ten seasons (1948–1958) as a member of the Rochester Royals and Boston Celtics. Risen was a four-time All-Star and two-time NBA Champion, and he scored 7,633 points in his NBA career. He was elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1998, Ohio State's Varsity O Hall of Fame in 2004, the College Basketball Hall of Fame in 2006, and the Ohio Basketball Hall of Fame in 2008. Because he settled in Beachwood, Ohio, after his professional career, he was also inducted into the Greater Cleveland Sports Hall of Fame in 2008. .
Italian Basketball Hall of Fame Those also in the Naismith Hall of Fame or the FIBA Hall of Fame are not limited in number, in addition, two individuals who are deceased at most can also be inducted in memoriam yearly.
| The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame is an American history museum and hall of fame, located at 1000 Hall of Fame Avenue in Springfield, Massachusetts. | open_qa |
Who is Charles Brigstocke? | Hubert Montgomery Sir Charles Hubert Montgomery (24 August 1876 – 2 December 1942) was a British civil servant and diplomat.
Charles Brigstocke Brigstocke was born in Carmarthen, Wales, and educated at Llandovery School. He entered the Civil Service in 1894. In 1901 he was called to the bar by the Middle Temple. Between 1903 and 1918 he worked at the Admiralty. In 1918 he transferred to the Air Ministry and was appointed Assistant Secretary in 1919, serving with the air delegation at the Versailles Conference. For these services he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1920 New Year Honours.
Reginald Palgrave Sir Reginald Francis Douce Palgrave (28 June 1829 – 13 July 1904) was a British civil servant who was Clerk of the House of Commons.
Charles Brigstocke From 1921 to 1932 he served as Director of Contracts at the Air Ministry, and from 1932 until his retirement in 1936 he was Principal Assistant Secretary.
William Bankes Amery William Bankes Amery CBE (26 October 1883 – 26 November 1951) was a British civil servant and accountant, also known as W. Bankes Amery and W. Bankes-Amery.
Marcus Brigstocke Marcus Alexander Brigstocke (born 8 May 1973) is a British comedian, actor and satirist. He has worked in stand-up comedy, television, radio and musical theatre. He has appeared on many BBC television and radio shows.
Reginald Brade Sir Reginald Herbert Brade (1864, Melbourne, Australia - 1933, Surrey, England) was a British civil servant.
Marcus Brigstocke Brigstocke is the son of Nick Brigstocke, a stockbroker from a Welsh landed gentry family, and Carol, daughter of senior Royal Air Force officer Air Marshal Sir Walter Pretty. He was raised in Surrey, and educated at St Edmunds School in the village of Hindhead in Surrey, at Westbourne House School in Chichester, West Sussex, King's School, Bruton in Somerset, and Hammersmith & Fulham College in west London. He then attended the University of Bristol, where he studied Drama, but did not complete his degree.
Charles Welby Sir Charles Glynne Earle Welby, 5th Baronet, (11 August 1865 – 19 March 1938) was a British civil servant who became a Conservative Party politician. He sat in the House of Commons from 1900 to 1906, and then had a long career in local government in Lincolnshire.
Jock Colville Sir John Rupert Colville, CB, CVO (28 January 1915 – 19 November 1987) was a British civil servant. He is best known for his diaries, which provide an intimate view of number 10 Downing Street during the wartime Premiership of Winston Churchill.
| Brigstocke was born in Carmarthen, Wales, and educated at Llandovery School. He entered the Civil Service in 1894. In 1901 he was called to the bar by the Middle Temple. Between 1903 and 1918 he worked at the Admiralty. In 1918 he transferred to the Air Ministry and was appointed Assistant Secretary in 1919, serving with the air delegation at the Versailles Conference. For these services he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1920 New Year Honours. | summarization |
from the given text can you please create a list of events associated with life of Brandon Beane. | Brandon Beane Within the first season, Beane traded away many of the players Whaley had signed, drafted, or extended, including receiver Sammy Watkins, cornerback Ronald Darby, linebacker Reggie Ragland, and defensive tackle Marcell Dareus. Though Beane arguably had his sights on a long-term rebuild while purging unfavorable contracts for the Bills, some sports commentators criticized his tactics. In 2017, Beane's first season with the team, the Bills ended their 17-year playoff drought. Beane has since drafted players such as quarterback Josh Allen, linebacker Tremaine Edmunds, and defensive tackle Ed Oliver and brought in numerous offensive free agents with the team's new cap space. On December 10, 2020, Beane signed a contract extension through 2025.
Brandon Beane On May 9, 2017, Beane was hired by Buffalo as the general manager, joining former Panthers defensive coordinator Sean McDermott, who had been hired as head coach. After the Bills fired previous general manager Doug Whaley, they opted to hire someone familiar to McDermott due to conflicts within the previous head coach-GM tandems under Whaley.
History of the Buffalo Bills On January 11, 2017, Sean McDermott was hired as the head coach of the Buffalo Bills. McDermott had previously spent the past six seasons as the defensive coordinator of the Carolina Panthers. Along with McDermott, Brandon Beane, the Panthers' assistant general manager, replaced Doug Whaley as the Bills' general manager. Many of the players that Whaley had added or extended, including receiver Sammy Watkins, cornerback Ronald Darby, and defensive tackle Marcell Dareus, were traded away before or during the season. During the 2017 offseason, McDermott popularized the term Respect the Process when questioned if he was rebuilding the team. The tandem of McDermott and Beane have since been referred to by fans as McBeane.
Brandon Beane Before joining the Bills, Beane held various roles of increasing responsibility with the Carolina Panthers. He turned down a journalism job for a low-paying internship with the Panthers and eventually rose to become the team's assistant general manager. Beane has worked alongside general managers Marty Hurney and Dave Gettleman, and with head coaches Dom Capers, George Seifert, John Fox, and Ron Rivera.
Brandon Beane Brandon Beane (born July 27, 1976) is an American football executive who is the general manager for the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL), a position he has held since 2017. Prior to joining the Bills, Beane served in the personnel department of the Carolina Panthers organization from 1998-2016.
2017 Buffalo Bills season Beane joined the Bills after 19 seasons with the Carolina Panthers, the last two as assistant to then-general manager Dave Gettleman. Beane, who signed an undisclosed deal on May 9, 2017, replaced Doug Whaley, who was fired by Pegula after the 2017 NFL Draft. Whaley was fired, along with the team's entire scouting staff, on April 30, 2017, less than 12 hours after the conclusion of the 2017 NFL Draft. Over the course of the 2016 offseason and into the 2017 season, many of Whaley's draft picks were purged from the roster in trades and cuts. Of the 28 players Whaley had drafted from 2014 to 2017, only nine were still on the roster by the end of August. The 2017 season was also the first under McDermott, who spent the previous eight seasons as defensive coordinator, the last six with the Panthers. McDermott, who signed an undisclosed deal on January 11, 2017, replaced Rex Ryan, who was fired along with his twin brother Rob on December 27, 2016.
2019 Buffalo Bills season The Bills freed up cap space after paying off the dead money for players from the Doug Whaley era they had either cut or traded over the past two offseasons, including WR Sammy Watkins, CB Ronald Darby and DT Marcell Dareus. To address the team's offensive woes from the previous season, numerous offensive players such as WRs John Brown, Cole Beasley and Andre Roberts, C Mitch Morse, RBs Frank Gore and T. J. Yeldon and others were added in free agency, with Beane angrily dismissing the notion that free agents don't want to play for Buffalo.
MLB Front Office Manager Oakland Athletics general manager Billy Beane served as expert consultant on the GM experience and environment. Beane also appears in-game as an advisor to the player. New York Yankees general manager Brian Cashman was also involved in the project.
Derek Anderson (American football) On October 7, 2018, it was announced Anderson would sign with the Buffalo Bills, reuniting with Sean McDermott and Brandon Beane from his days playing for the Carolina Panthers, to serve as backup and mentor to rookie quarterback Josh Allen. The Bills completed the transaction on October 9.
2022 Buffalo Bills season The 2022 season is the Buffalo Bills' 53rd in the National Football League (NFL), their 63rd as a franchise and their eighth full season under the ownership of Terry and Kim Pegula, and their sixth under the head coach/general manager tandem of Sean McDermott and Brandon Beane.
| 1. Former Panthers defensive coordinator Sean McDermott was appointed head coach before Buffalo hired Beane as general manager on May 9, 2017.
2. Conflicts between the previous head coach-GM tandems under Doug Whaley led the Bills to decide to employ someone known to McDermott after firing Whaley as general manager.
3. During the first season, Beane traded away a large number of the players Whaley had signed, selected, or extended, including defensive tackle Marcell Dareus, linebacker Reggie Ragland, cornerback Ronald Darby, receiver Sammy Watkins, and cornerback Ronald Darby.
4. Despite the fact that Beane removing unfavourable contracts for the Bills may have been part of a long-term reconstruction, some sports analysts criticised his methods.
5. The Bills overcame their 17-year postseason drought in 2017, Beane's first campaign in charge of the group. Since then, Beane has signed multiple offensive free agents and selected players like quarterback Josh Allen, linebacker Tremaine Edmunds, and defensive tackle Ed Oliver with the team's new cap room.
6. Beane signed a contract extension through 2025 on December 10, 2020. | summarization |
How many total men fought at Kosovo Field according to text? | Battle of Kosovo (1448) The Crusaders, numbering 22,000-30,000 arrived at Kosovo Field (the site of the first Battle of Kosovo in 1389, between Serbs and Ottomans) having faced an Ottoman army of 40,000-60,000 men Sultan Murad personally commanded a large section of cannons and janissaries, while his son and would-be successor, 16-year-old Mehmed, who faced battle for the first time, led the Anatolian troops at the right wing. Hunyadi commanded the center of his army in the battle, while the Crusaders right wing was under the Wallachians. The Hungarians had long barrage cannons. Calculating that he would need more than 40,000 men to defeat the Ottomans, the Hungarian regent sought to join up with anti-Ottoman Albanian forces, possibly led by Skanderbeg. The Ottomans in their base at Sofia received word of the Crusader army's march route and subsequently began readying their men.
Medieval Serbian army An Ottoman army led by Sultan Murad, estimated at between 27,000 and 30,000 men, arrived in June 1389 on the Kosovo Field near Priština. The Ottomans were met by the forces commanded by Prince Lazar, estimated at between 15,000 and 20,000 men, with a higher estimate up to 25,000, A higher estimate places the size of Murad's army up to 40,000 and Lazar's up to 25,000 troops. which consisted of the prince's own troops, Vuk Branković's troops, and a contingent sent by the King Tvrtko I of Bosnia. In the Battle of Kosovo, both Prince Lazar and Sultan Murad lost their lives. The battle was tactically inconclusive, but the mutual heavy losses were devastating only for the Serbs, who had brought to Kosovo almost all of their fighting strength. Lazar was succeeded by his eldest son Stefan Lazarević, who became an Ottoman vassal in the summer of 1390. Vuk Branković accepted Ottoman suzerainty in 1392. The battle of Kosovo was one of the large battles of late medieval times. In comparison, in the battle of Agincourt (1415) even by assuming the higher estimate of army size as correct, around 10,000 fewer soldiers were engaged. Later, Stefan Lazarević participated on the Ottoman side in the Battle of Rovine in 1395, the Battle of Nicopolis in 1396, and the Battle of Ankara in 1402.
Battle of Kosovo (1448) The Second Battle of Kosovo (Hungarian: második rigómezei csata, Turkish: İkinci Kosova Muharebesi) (17–20 October 1448) was a land battle between a Hungarian-led Crusader army and the Ottoman Empire at Kosovo Polje. It was the culmination of a Hungarian offensive to avenge the defeat at Varna four years earlier. In the three-day battle the Ottoman army under the command of Sultan Murad II defeated the Crusader army of regent John Hunyadi.
Elegy for Kosovo In 1389, the Ottoman army invaded Kosovo, in the Battle of Kosovo. The battle pitted the Ottoman army, under the leadership of Sultan Murad I, against an assortment of Serbian soldiers, led by the Serbian Prince Lazar. Within two days, the Ottomans had defeated the Balkans and taken Kosovo. The battle has often been used to promote Serbian and Albanian nationalism, most famously by Slobodan Milošević and Ramush Haradinaj.
Kosovo field Kosovo field (; ) is a large karst field, located in the middle part of Kosovo. It is mostly known for being the site of the Battle of Kosovo (1389) between the Balkan Alliance led by Lazar of Serbia and Ottoman armies led by Murad I, and many other battles.
Battle of Kosovo The Battle of Kosovo (; ) took place on 15 June 1389 between an army led by the Serbian Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović and an invading army of the Ottoman Empire under the command of Sultan Murad Hüdavendigâr. The battle was fought on the Kosovo field in the territory ruled by Serbian nobleman Vuk Branković, in what is today Kosovo, about northwest of the modern city of Pristina. The army under Prince Lazar consisted of his own troops, a contingent led by Branković, and a contingent sent from Bosnia by King Tvrtko I, commanded by Vlatko Vuković. Prince Lazar was the ruler of Moravian Serbia and the most powerful among the Serbian regional lords of the time, while Branković ruled the District of Branković and other areas, recognizing Lazar as his overlord.
History of Kosovo The Second Battle of Kosovo was fought over two days in October 1448, between a Hungarian force led by John Hunyadi and an Ottoman army led by Murad II. Significantly larger than the first battle, with both armies numbering twice that of the first battle, the ending was the same, and the Hungarian army was defeated in the battle and pushed from the field. Although the loss of the battle was a setback for those resisting the Ottoman invasion of Europe at that time, it was not a 'crushing blow to the cause'. Hunyadi was able to maintain Hungarian resistance to the Ottomans during his lifetime.
Battle of Kosovo The armies met at the Kosovo field. Murad headed the Ottoman army, with his sons Bayezid on his right and Yakub on his left. Around 1,000 archers were in the front line in the wings, backed up by azap and akinci; in the front center were Janissaries, behind whom was Murad, surrounded by his cavalry guard; finally, the supply train at the rear was guarded by a small number of troops. One of the Ottoman commanders was Pasha Yiğit Bey.
Battle of Kosovo (1448) In 1444, the Hungarian king, Władysław III of Poland, in breach of a ten-year truce that existed with the Ottoman Empire following the Peace of Szeged, launched a new crusade. Meeting the Ottoman forces at the Battle of Varna, the crusading army was destroyed and the king was killed. Two years later in 1446, Sultan Murad II returned to the Balkans seeking revenge for the treaty breaking that preceded the battle. That year his army conquered the Peloponnese then, after the proclamation of a new crusade by Pope Nicholas V, Murad, invaded Albania. Four years after his defeat at Varna, John Hunyadi, the richest landowner in Hungary joined forces with Albania's war leader Gjergj Skanderbeg in an alliance that also included Serbia and Bosnia. Resolved to defeat the Ottoman army Hunyadi raised an army of 24,000 men, including 8,000 Wallachians, his Hungarian cavalry supplemented by German and Bohemian infantry mercenaries. Hunyadi's strategy was based on an expected revolt of the Balkan people, a surprise attack, and the destruction of the main force of the Ottomans in a single battle after linking up with his allies.
Prince Marko On 15 June 1389 Serbian forces led by Prince Lazar, Vuk Branković, and Tvrtko's nobleman Vlatko Vuković of Zachlumia, confronted the Ottoman army led by Sultan Murad I at the Battle of Kosovo, the best-known battle in medieval Serbian history. With the bulk of both armies wiped out and Lazar and Murad killed, the outcome of the battle was inconclusive. In its aftermath the Serbs had insufficient manpower to defend their lands, while the Ottomans had many more troops in the east. Serbian principalities which were not already Ottoman vassals became such over the next few years.
| The Crusaders fielded 22,000-30,000 men and the Ottomans 40,000-60,000 for a combined total of 62,000-90,000 men. | information_extraction |
Name five NBA teams in the Western Conference. | National Ringette League The Western Conference consists of teams from Western Canada and includes teams from the provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba.
2019 WNBA Playoffs For the third straight year, five teams from the Western Conference qualified for the playoffs, while only three from the Eastern Conference qualified.
2007 in American soccer The Kansas City Wizards earned the eighth and final playoff berth, despite finishing fifth in the Eastern Conference. They represent the fourth seed in the Western Conference playoff bracket, as only three teams in the Western Conference qualified for the playoffs.
Western Conference (NBA) The Western Conference is one of two conferences that make up the National Basketball Association (NBA), the other being the Eastern Conference. Both conferences consist of 15 teams organized into three divisions.
2007 MLS Cup Playoffs The Kansas City Wizards earned the eighth and final playoff berth, despite finishing fifth in the Eastern Conference. They represent the fourth seed in the Western Conference playoff bracket, as only three teams in the Western Conference qualified for the playoffs.
Western Conference (KHL) The Western Conference () is one of two conferences in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) used to divide teams. Its counterpart is the Eastern Conference.
Western Conference (NHL) The Western Conference () is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League (NHL) used to divide teams. Its counterpart is the Eastern Conference.
2014 MLS Cup Playoffs The top five teams from both the Western Conference and the Eastern Conference qualified and are seeded in the MLS Playoffs in order to determine conference champions. The two conference champions will face off in the MLS Cup.
2011–12 NBA Development League season This season, an all-time high nine teams will have single-affiliation partnerships with NBA teams, up from four in the previous season. Five of them, the Austin Toros, the Canton Charge, the Dakota Wizards, the Los Angeles D-Fenders and the Tulsa 66ers, are owned by their NBA affiliates. Four teams, the Erie BayHawks, the Rio Grande Valley Vipers, the Springfield Armor and the Texas Legends, have a hybrid single-affiliation partnership with NBA teams, where their basketball operations are controlled by their NBA affiliates. The other seven teams are affiliated with three NBA teams each.
Western Conference (WNBA) The Western Conference of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) is made up of six teams.
| Five NBA teams in the Western Conference are the Phoenix Suns, Memphis Grizzlies, Portland Trail Blazers, San Antonio Spurs, and Oklahoma City Thunder. | open_qa |
What did Bobby Moore die from? | Bobby Moore On 14 February 1993, he announced he was suffering from colorectal cancer and liver cancer; by this time it had spread. Three days later he commentated on an England match against San Marino at Wembley, alongside his friend Jonathan Pearce. Moore attended a dinner after the match and made a presentation. That was to be his final public act; seven days later on 24 February, at 6:36 am, he died at the age of 51.
Bobby Moore Moore's first cancer was in 1964, two years before England's first World Cup win— a diagnosis of testicular cancer, treated by orchidectomy of one; it had not spread. In April 1991, Moore underwent an operation for suspected colorectal cancer. At the time it was reported as an emergency stomach operation.
Obesity and cancer pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer (among postmenopausal women), endometrial cancer, kidney cancer, thyroid cancer, liver cancer and gallbladder cancer. Obesity may also lead to increased cancer-related mortality. Obesity has also been described as the fat tissue disease version of cancer, where common features between the two diseases were suggested for the first time.
Run for Moore The Bobby Moore Fund is named after England's famous captain of the 1966 World Cup-winning English football team, Bobby Moore, who died of bowel cancer on 24 February 1993, at the age of 51. The fund raises money for research into bowel cancer and also raises public awareness of the disease. Since 1993 it has raised about £1 million a year.
Canine cancer detection In 2015 the Huffington Post reported that studies have suggested that dogs may be able to detect lung cancer, melanoma, breast cancer and bladder cancer, and that dogs can be trained to detect cancer in 93% of cases. In 2016, actress Shannen Doherty told Entertainment Tonight in an interview that her dog identified her breast cancer before doctors could diagnose it. National Geographic said that man's best friend can detect various cancers, including prostate cancer, colorectal cancer and melanoma.
Moore v. Regents of the University of California Moore's cancer went into remission from 1976 to 1996 following the removal of his spleen. He died from the cancer in October 2001.
Thymidine kinase in clinical chemistry TK1 elevations have also been reported in association with many types of solid tumors including kidney cancer, bladder cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, neurological cancers, melanoma, ovarian, cervical and esophageal cancers.
Shapiro Senapathy algorithm By using the S&S algorithm, mutations and genes that cause many different forms of cancer have been discovered. For example, genes causing commonly occurring cancers including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, head and neck cancers, prostate cancer, retinoblastoma, squamous cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal cancer, melanoma, liver cancer, Lynch syndrome, skin cancer, and neurofibromatosis have been found. In addition, splicing mutations in genes causing less commonly known cancers including gastric cancer, gangliogliomas, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Loeys–Dietz syndrome, Osteochondromas (bone tumor), Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, and Pheochromocytomas have been identified.
Obesity in Indonesia Indonesia is one of the top 10 countries with the highest prevalence of cancer mortality due to obesity. The types of cancer that obesity has attributed to include esophagus cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer, and renal cancer.
Mutational signatures Deciphering mutational signatures in cancer provides insight into the biological mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis and normal somatic mutagenesis. Mutational signatures have shown their applicability in cancer treatment and cancer prevention. Advances in the fields of oncogenomics have enabled the development and use of molecularly targeted therapy, but such therapies historically focused on inhibition of oncogenic drivers (e.g. EGFR gain-of-function mutation and EGFR inhibitor treatment in colorectal cancer). More recently, mutational signatures profiling has proven successful in guiding oncological management and use of targeted therapies (e.g. immunotherapy in mismatch repair deficient of diverse cancer types, platinum and PARP inhibitor to exploit synthetic lethality in homologous recombination deficient breast cancer).
| Booby Moore died aged 51 from colorectal and liver cancer. | closed_qa |
Did Professor Snape jinx Harry's broom during his first quidditch match? | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Hermione warns the boys against investigating further and instead directs Harry's attention to his first Quidditch match. His broomstick's attempts to buck him off and Snape's strange behaviour during the match convinces Hermione he jinxed Harry's broom. Harry receives an anonymous Christmas gift – his father's invisibility cloak. Using it to explore the school, he discovers the Mirror of Erised, which shows what the viewer most desires. Harry sees his parents.
Harry Potter (character) Professor Snape's behavior and leg injury arouse the suspicion of Harry, Ron and Hermione, who believe he is attempting to enter the trapdoor. After Harry loses control of his broomstick, Hermione thinks Snape has jinxed Harry's broom. News arrives that someone attempted to rob the same Gringotts Bank's vault from which Hagrid had previously retrieved an item on Dumbledore's orders. Harry and his friends suspect it is the same object as the one beneath the trapdoor, which they identify with the philosopher's stone. Harry and his friends decide to descend through the trapdoor to protect the stone, but they are presented with a series of obstacles and Ron and Hermione are forced to remain behind. Harry faces the Defence Against the Dark Arts professor, Quirinus Quirrell, who reveals he was behind all the difficulties they encountered throughout the school year. Voldemort now inhabits Quirrell's body and is trying to obtain the philosopher's stone, hidden in the Mirror of Erised. The mirror recognises Harry's lack of greed for the stone and deposits it into his pocket, but Quirrel soon discovers it and tries to snatch it from Harry. The professor attempts to kill him. However, his flesh burns upon contact with Harry's skin. Harry's scar begins hurting and he passes out.
A Very Potter Sequel While everyone is preparing for the Quidditch match, Neville and Rita Skeeter find Lupin half-naked and covered in blood in the woods with the body of a dead doe, which he claims is part of a pre-game ritual. Meanwhile, Dumbledore tells Snape of his evening with Umbridge, which quickly became a disaster when Dumbledore realized Umbridge was actually a woman. Contrary to this, Umbridge has become very clingy to Dumbledore, but when Snape and Dumbledore break the news to her, she goes back to being her old self, declaring that she will destroy Dumbledore and take his job as headmaster of Hogwarts. Lucius (from the future), arrives to meet with Snape, stating he has a lot riding on the Quidditch match, and replaces the majority of the Slytherin team with Death Eaters in order to kill Harry.
Quidditch The Firebolt later supersedes the Nimbus as the fastest and one of the most expensive racing brooms in existence. Harry receives a Firebolt model from his godfather, Sirius Black, after his Nimbus 2000 is destroyed during a Quidditch match in Prisoner of Azkaban. In Goblet of Fire, Harry uses his Firebolt to escape the Hungarian Horntail during the Triwizard Tournament.
Severus Snape Snape's role in the fourth novel, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, is not substantially different from that of the previous three books. He is apoplectic when Harry is unexpectedly entered into the Triwizard Tournament. Later Harry accidentally falls into Dumbledore's Pensieve and views memories of several Death Eater trials from years before. At one point, Snape is named as a Death Eater by Igor Karkaroff, but Dumbledore comes to Snape's defence, claiming that although Snape had indeed been a Death Eater, he changed sides before Voldemort's downfall and turned spy against him. Later, Dumbledore assures Harry that Snape's reformation is genuine, though he refuses to tell Harry how he knows this, saying the information is a matter between Professor Snape and myself.
Severus Snape Snape first appears in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, shortly after Harry arrives at Hogwarts. He is the school's Potions Master, though he is widely rumoured to covet the Defence Against the Dark Arts post. Snape himself confirms the rumour in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. Snape is a sinister and malicious teacher who makes frequent snide and disparaging remarks at Harry's expense. He quickly becomes the primary antagonist of the book, as Harry suspects him of plotting to steal the Philosopher's Stone, and of attempting to kill him. Only the climax of the book reveals that Professor Quirrell, in league with Lord Voldemort, is the real enemy; Snape, suspicious of Quirrell, had been looking out for Harry throughout the book. In the final chapter, Dumbledore suggests that because Harry's father James had saved Snape's life when they were both students, even though the two detested each other, Snape felt responsible for Harry in return. As the final book reveals, this is not the full story. In any case, even after Quirrell's true role is revealed, Harry retains feelings of suspicion and resentment towards Snape, and their relationship remains tense. Snape's behaviour and attitude towards Harry also remain unchanged.
Harry Potter: Quidditch World Cup There are six House challenges: Passing, Tackle and Shoot, Seeker, Beaters and Bludgers, Special Moves, and Combos. Each is led by a relevant player – for example, Harry leads the Gryffindor Seeker challenge, while Angelina Johnson leads the Gryffindor Passing challenge and Oliver Wood leads the Gryffindor Combo challenge. Only the first three challenges - Passing, Tackle and Shoot, and Seeker - are initially available to the player, with Beaters and Bludgers, and Special Moves unlocked after the first Quidditch match, and Combos unlocked after the second match. Completing the first set of challenges unlocks the ability to play a full Quidditch match. Winning the first game chosen unlocks the next set of challenges which must then be completed to unlock the next match. Winning the second game unlocks the final challenge. Completing that challenge unlocks the Hogwarts Quidditch Cup final match.
Severus Snape As the series progresses, Snape's character becomes more layered and enigmatic. A central mystery is unravelled concerning his loyalties. Snape dies at the hands of Lord Voldemort in the seventh book, at which time his back story is revealed. Despite his attraction to the Dark Arts and Voldemort's ideology of wizard supremacy, Snape's love for Muggle-born Lily Evans, Harry's mother, eventually compelled him to defect from the Death Eaters. He then became a double agent for Albus Dumbledore and the Order of the Phoenix. The fact that Lily chose James Potter, Harry's father, only fuels Snape's hostility towards Harry.
International Quidditch Association In 2006, Alex Benepe took over as the Middlebury Commissioner and in 2007, founded the Intercollegiate Quidditch Association following the first intercollegiate quidditch match between Middlebury College and Vassar College on November 11, 2007.
Severus Snape In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Voldemort and his Death Eaters have tightened their grip on the wizarding world. Snape is named Headmaster of Hogwarts, while Death Eaters Alecto and Amycus Carrow are appointed as Hogwarts staff. The novel focuses largely on Harry and his friends and events outside the school; therefore Snape plays a limited role at the start. In the course of the book, Harry and his friends find out that a few students attempted to steal the Sword of Godric Gryffindor, and that Snape subsequently sent it to be stored at Gringotts Wizarding Bank; however, that sword was only a copy. Later on, Harry and Ron are led to find the real sword by a Patronus taking the form of a doe. (Towards the end of the book, Harry learns that this was Snape's Patronus, taking the same shape as Harry's mother Lily's Patronus, a visible sign of his lifelong love for Harry's mother, and that Dumbledore had asked Snape to ensure that Harry gained possession of the sword. The novel also reveals that Snape had covertly used his position as Headmaster to protect the students and to contain the Carrows.)
| No. Professor Quirrell, the Defense Against the Dark Arts teacher secretly in league with Lord Voldemort, jinxed Harry's broom in an attempt to hurt him since Harry was responsible for Lord Voldemort's downfall a decade earlier. Hermione mistakenly believed Snape was jinxing Harry's Broom when she saw his mouth moving when in fact Snape was trying to save Harry by issuing a counter-jinx. | open_qa |
What can be done about NRA and why gun control is such an issue? | Bill Day (cartoonist) A recurring subject in Day's cartoons is gun control in America. He has drawn many cartoons advocating the need for more gun control and criticizing the National Rifle Association (NRA).
Gun control after the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting After LaPierre's press conference, the Brady Campaign asked for donations to support its gun control advocacy and asked NRA members who believe like we do, that we are better than this to join its campaign. On January 8, 2013, former Congresswoman Gabby Giffords, who was shot and injured in a 2011 shooting in Tucson, launched Americans for Responsible Solutions to raise money for gun control efforts to counter the influence of powerful pro-gun groups such as the NRA.
Gun politics in the United States Though gun control is not strictly a partisan issue, there is generally more support for gun control legislation in the Democratic Party than in the Republican Party. The Libertarian Party, whose campaign platforms favor limited government regulation, is outspokenly against gun control.
Harlon Carter The NRA leadership was ambivalent about the Gun Control Act of 1968, the first gun control legislation since the 1930s. Franklin Orth, the group's Executive Vice President at the time of the act's passage, supported some parts of law, including limits on mail-order gun purchases and bans of Saturday night specials, inexpensive, often low-quality handguns, while opposing other provisions as unduly restrictive and unjustified in their application to law-abiding citizens. In contrast, Carter believed that no gun control legislation could be acceptable. He wrote to the NRA membership: We can win it on a simple concept – No compromise. No gun legislation. Carter opposed background checks for gun purchasers, saying that the acquisition of guns by violent criminals and the mentally ill is the price we pay for freedom.
Political positions of Andrew Cuomo Cuomo has been characterized as, and describes himself as, being one of the toughest gun control legislators. He has repeatedly touted New York as a model for gun control legislation. He has pushed for national gun control legislation in the same vein.
Gun violence and gun control in Texas According to the Open Society Institute, generally a lobbyist for gun control & an international grantmaking network founded by business magnate George Soros, in March 2000, Texas received a score of negative six (−6) when evaluated on the restrictions imposed by its gun control laws. Each state was scored on 30 criteria, with each criterion assigned a maximum numeric value between 0 and 7. States scoring highest on each criterion are considered to have the toughest gun laws. The only states scoring lower than Texas are Alaska, Louisiana, and Maine.
Dudley Brown In 2013 the National Association for Gun Rights caught wind of a gun control bill in the works between the NRA and democratic Senator Joe Manchin of West Virginia.
Bill Nelson In 2012, the National Rifle Association (NRA) gave Nelson an F rating for his support of gun control. Nelson is an advocate for new gun control laws, including an assault weapons ban, a ban on magazines over ten rounds, and a proposal that would require individuals buying guns at gun shows to have background checks.
Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting On December 21, 2012, the National Rifle Association's Wayne LaPierre said gun-free school zones attract killers and that another gun ban would not protect Americans. He called on Congress to appropriate funds to hire armed police officers for every American school and announced that the NRA would create the National School Shield Emergency Response Program to help. After LaPierre's press conference, the Brady Campaign asked for donations to support its gun control advocacy and asked NRA members who believe like we do, that we are better than this to join its campaign. On January 8, 2013, former Congresswoman Gabby Giffords, who was shot and injured in a 2011 shooting in Tucson, launched the gun control group Americans for Responsible Solutions, with a specific aim of matching or exceeding the fundraising capabilities of the NRA and similar groups.
Timothy R. Ferguson Despite his lifetime membership in the NRA, Ferguson has been labeled by some as supporting gun control. This claim most likely stems from a proposed filibuster in which Ferguson did not participate, on a gun control bill. According to Ferguson and others, the bill would have easily defeated the filibuster in its original form, leaving gun rights advocates with no concessions. This led to criticism from NRA spokesman Greg Costa in 2002.
| We all know what America stands for. There is no reason to discuss love for guns, indivdual freedom, right to bear firearms, self defence, gun lobby funded by NRA, and how republicans love guns etc etc. These are all facts but it doesn't change that people die everyday and lives are wasted or impacted as a result of poor gun laws.
What can be done about this?
1. People who vote for gun laws have not had someone in their family shot or impacted. We don't want a personal event or death of a closed one to create a new law. An eye for an eye doesn't bring lives back. Educate the masses. Also, women tend to vote more positive on banning rifles as compared to men. Get more women out to change the law.
2. There is license for fishing and hunting. Guns should be rented and not owned. If you're into recreational things make it possible to rent guns and not own. Do background check, and let the person enjoy his time with the toys but cannot own it. This would allow the manufacture and NRA in business.
3. Never sell assault rifles to general public. A person who needs to have assault rifles are insecure by nature. They fear that the public is trying to get at them and they need to protect. Form community monitoring and have more police funding to protect our families. | creative_writing |
how do you rate strength of tornado | Tornadoes in the United States The Enhanced Fujita Scale classifies tornado strength from weakest - an EF0 tornado - to strongest - an EF5 tornado - based on damage caused to property and infrastructure.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Tornado A multiple-vortex tornado is a type of tornado in which two or more columns of spinning air rotate about their own axes and at the same time revolve around a common center. A multi-vortex structure can occur in almost any circulation, but is very often observed in intense tornadoes. These vortices often create small areas of heavier damage along the main tornado path. This is a phenomenon that is distinct from a satellite tornado, which is a smaller tornado that forms very near a large, strong tornado contained within the same mesocyclone. The satellite tornado may appear to orbit the larger tornado (hence the name), giving the appearance of one, large multi-vortex tornado. However, a satellite tornado is a distinct circulation, and is much smaller than the main funnel.
Skipping tornado A skipping tornado is a process tornado (or a series of tornadoes) which has a discontinuous damage path.
Severe weather Tornadoes' wind speeds generally average between and . They are approximately across and travel a few miles (kilometers) before dissipating. Some attain wind speeds in excess of , may stretch more than two miles (3.2 km) across, and maintain contact with the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km). The Enhanced Fujita Scale and the TORRO Scale are two examples of scales used to rate the strength, intensity and/or damage of a tornado.
Tornado outbreak of November 15, 2005 The strongest tornado was an F4 tornado on the Fujita scale; it occurred in the vicinity of Earlington and Madisonville, Kentucky. It was also the strongest tornado recorded in the United States in 2005.
Tornadoes of 1948 A F1/T3 tornado struck the Bavaria region of Germany, causing damage along a path of with an average width of . It was noted that this tornado was visually observed by a person as it occurred over a rural, cropland. About an hour after the F1/T3 tornado, another tornado struck Nuremberg, killing 11 people and injuring four others while it destroyed 40 homes. The European Severe Storms Laboratory did not give a rating to the tornado, however, it was noted that it was a “strong tornado”, meaning equivalent to at least F2 on the Fujita scale. About one hour after the Nuremberg tornado, a long-track tornado struck Auerbach in der Oberpfalz, killing a 12-year old girl. The tornado traveled due east. Like the Nuremberg tornado, the European Severe Storms Laboratory did not give a rating to the tornado, however, it was noted that it was a “strong tornado”, meaning equivalent to at least F2 on the Fujita scale. About an hour after the previous tornado, a fourth tornado struck Novy Pahost, Belarus. A barn was destroyed, other buildings were “almost fully destroyed”, and a women was lifted by the tornado, which received a rating of F1 from the European Severe Storms Laboratory. It was noted that the Belarusian State University conducted research on this tornado.
Ultimate Tornado Ultimate Tornado is a documentary that first aired on the National Geographic Channel on April 12, 2006. It focuses on several unusually violent tornado events that have occurred in the United States, which include the 2004 Attica, Kansas tornado outbreak (F2-F4), the 1995 Pampa, Texas tornado (F4), the Jarrell tornado outbreak (F5), and the 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak (F5).
2005 Birmingham tornado The Met Office and TORRO (The Tornado and Storm Research Organisation) estimated that the tornado had a general T4 rating on the TORRO scale, with a short spell as a T5 tornado, which would indicate wind speeds between , equivalent to an F2 or F3 tornado on the Fujita scale.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
| There are several scales for rating the strength of tornadoes. The Fujita scale rates tornadoes by damage caused and has been replaced in some countries by the updated Enhanced Fujita Scale. An F0 or EF0 tornado, the weakest category, damages trees, but not substantial structures. An F5 or EF5 tornado, the strongest category, rips buildings off their foundations and can deform large skyscrapers.
The similar TORRO scale ranges from T0 for extremely weak tornadoes to T11 for the most powerful known tornadoes.
Doppler radar data, photogrammetry, and ground swirl patterns (trochoidal marks) may also be analyzed to determine intensity and assign a rating.
source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornado | open_qa |
What is celiac disease? | Epigenetics of autoimmune disorders Celiac disease is a disease in which the small intestine is damaged in those whose bodies are unable to process gluten because of a T cell response that is activated when gluten, from foods such as wheat or rye, is present in the intestines. Several epigenetic mechanisms are implicated in Celiac disease, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. These epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of Celiac disease as well as altered in those with a predisposition for Celiac disease. Furthermore, unusual methylation in the genes involved in the core NF-κB pathway, a regulator of innate immunity, is implicated in the pathogenesis of Celiac disease. A high rate of DNA methylation of CpGs contributes to the development of small bowel adenocarcinomas, which are malignant tumors, in individuals with Celiac disease. This CpG hypermethylation is correlated to the loss of expression of the MLH-1 gene, which is involved in DNA repair. Furthermore, hypermethylation of the APC gene, a tumor suppressor gene, has been found to cause defects in the mismatch repair mechanisms in individuals with Celiac disease. An increase in histone acetylation, specifically H3K27ac, has also been found in Celiac disease biopsies. When comparing the genes of three different cytokines in response to cytotoxic T lymphocytes in celiac biopsies, an increase in H3K27ac in the promoter and enhancer regions was found in the cytokine INFꞵ genes. The regulation of certain microRNAs differs significantly in individuals with Celiac disease compared to individuals without Celiac disease. These differences were found to come in the form of downregulation of some microRNAs and upregulation of others. This differential regulation likely occurs for microRNAs involved in modulating intestinal barrier function, though more study is needed specific to Celiac disease.
Carlo Catassi Carlo Catassi has made contributions to the international understanding of celiac disease epidemiology. He was the main author of the first celiac disease screening project for the general population in the US. This study showed that celiac disease is much more common than previously thought, affecting around 1% of the US population, while often remaining undiagnosed (so-called celiac iceberg). His original findings have been replicated by hundreds of studies performed all over the world. He investigated the prevalence of celiac disease in Europe, North and South America, and Middle East countries. He and his coworkers found an extremely high prevalence of celiac disease in the Saharawi population of Arab-Berber origin (around 6%)pointing out the importance of specific environmental and genetic factors to the disease pathophysiology.
Pre-existing disease in pregnancy Untreated celiac disease can cause spontaneous abortion (miscarriage), intrauterine growth restriction, small for gestational age, low birthweight and preterm birth. Often reproductive disorders are the only manifestation of undiagnosed celiac disease and most cases are not recognized. Complications or failures of pregnancy cannot be explained simply by malabsorption, but by the autoimmune response elicited by the exposure to gluten, which causes damage to the placenta. The gluten-free diet avoids or reduces the risk of developing reproductive disorders in pregnant women with celiac disease. Also, pregnancy can be a trigger for the development of celiac disease in genetically susceptible women who are consuming gluten.
Intestinal mucosal barrier Altered intestinal barrier function may play a role in the development of celiac disease. By allowing gliadin, the causative agent of celiac disease, to cross the intestinal barrier, inappropriate activation of the immune system can occur. Celiac disease sufferers have been shown to have elevated intestinal permeability and altered tight junctions. Moreover, these disruptions persist in patients who successfully maintain a gluten-free diet. Data also exist demonstrating that increased intestinal permeability is present prior to onset of celiac disease.
Crohn's disease Other conditions with similar symptoms as Crohn's disease includes intestinal tuberculosis, Behçet's disease, ulcerative colitis, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug enteropathy, irritable bowel syndrome and celiac disease. Irritable bowel syndrome is excluded when there are inflammatory changes. Celiac disease cannot be excluded if specific antibodies (anti-transglutaminase antibodies) are negative, nor in absence of intestinal villi atrophy.
Jones Dairy Farm Jones offers a number of products certified gluten-free by the Gluten-Free Certification Organization, a program of the Gluten Intolerance Group, of whom they are a sponsor. Jones also promotes awareness of celiac disease by sponsoring the Celiac Disease Foundation and is a benefactor member of the Celiac Sprue Association.
Gluten-sensitive enteropathy–associated conditions Celiac disease is associated with immune complex glomerulonephritis. Anti-gliadin IgA antibodies are found also more commonly in patients with IgA Nephropathy. The paper finds a link between GSE and IgA Nephropathy, but not between CD and Nephropathy. Calcium oxalate correlates with severity of fat malabsorption in celiac disease.
Xerostomia Xerostomia may be the only symptom of celiac disease, especially in adults, who often have no obvious digestive symptoms.
Coeliac disease Coeliac disease is the preferred spelling in British English, while celiac disease is typically used in North American English.
Carlo Catassi Lack of association between celiac disease and dental enamel hypoplasia in a case-control study from an Italian central region
| Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease that is hereditary, not to be confused with gluten intolerance. Celiac disease is an immune response to consuming gluten, a protein found in barley, rye, and wheat, which impacts nutrient absorption and immunity when consumed. | open_qa |
What are the different ways to bake sourdough? | Sourdough The most common yeast species in sourdough are Kazachstania exigua (Saccharomyces exiguous), Saccharomyces cerevisiae, K. exiguus and K. humilis (previously Candida milleri or Candida humilis).
Brainstorming Groups can improve the effectiveness and quality of their brainstorming sessions in a number of ways.
Henri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
Sourdough, Montana Sourdough is an unincorporated community in Sweet Grass County, Montana, United States. Sourdough is northeast of Big Timber.
Brainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.
Brainstorming According to a meta-analysis comparing EBS to face-to-face brainstorming conducted by DeRosa and colleagues, EBS has been found to enhance both the production of non-redundant ideas and the quality of ideas produced. Despite the advantages demonstrated by EBS groups, EBS group members reported less satisfaction with the brainstorming process compared to face-to-face brainstorming group members.
The Great British Bake Off (series 2) For the signature bake, the bakers were asked to bake a cheesecake in hours. For the technical challenge, the bakers were asked to bake a chocolate roulade in 1 3/4 hours using Mary's recipe. For the showstopper, the bakers were asked to create a Croquembouche-inspired bake in 5 hours.
The Great Kenyan Bake Off The show consists of 10 episodes where in each episode the bakers are tasked with two different challenges; a signature bake and a technical bake or a technical bake and a showstopper. Unlike The Great British Bake Off, the bakers only face two challenges each episode, the bakes are then critically examined by the judges who will then choose a Star Baker and a baker to be eliminated from the competition. Twelve contestants were chosen for each series.
Brainstorming Directed brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming (described below). It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space (that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea) is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the ideation process intentionally.
| You could bake a sourdough bread in a commercial oven.
A pizza oven
A dutch oven
In the sun
In a hot car
In a pot of boiling water
On the surface of the sun | brainstorming |
Who are some of the most influential innovators of all time? | Chris Denson (innovator) In 2013, Denson launched Innovation Crush, an interview series focused on the lives and projects of some of the world’s most influential innovators. Guests on the series have included Daymond John, Elizabeth Gore, Nolan Bushnell, Damian Kulash, Alexis Ohanian, Rob Dyrdek, Cindy Gallop.
Party Time? Party Time? is an EP by rapper Kurtis Blow, released in 1983 on Mercury Records. The title track and the song Got to Dance were both party-themed, but the other songs struck a sociopolitical tone.
Say Kids What Time Is It? Say Kids What Time Is It? is the debut single of British dance music duo Coldcut. It is renowned as one of the first tracks to be built entirely around music sampling.
Henri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
Can I Have 5 Minutes of Your Time? Can I Have 5 Minutes Of Your Time? is a 2009 non fiction by American author Hal Becker. It explores sales from Xerox's former #1 salesperson in the USA. Business Week describes it as a fast read because Becker knows what he is talking about”, and All Business calls the book a great training manual for anyone involved in sales.
Brainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.
Brainstorming According to a meta-analysis comparing EBS to face-to-face brainstorming conducted by DeRosa and colleagues, EBS has been found to enhance both the production of non-redundant ideas and the quality of ideas produced. Despite the advantages demonstrated by EBS groups, EBS group members reported less satisfaction with the brainstorming process compared to face-to-face brainstorming group members.
Brainstorming Directed brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming (described below). It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space (that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea) is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the ideation process intentionally.
Brainstorming Following these two principles were his four general rules of brainstorming, established with intention to:
| Thomas Edison.
Steve Jobs
Nikola Tesla
Bill Gates
Benjamin Franklin
Leonardo Da Vinci
Alexander Graham Bell
Sandford Fleming | brainstorming |
Classify each of the following as either a Girl Scout cookie, an ice cream flavor from Ben & Jerry's, or a title of an episode from the TV show "The X-Files": The Unnatural, Phish Food, Samoas, Do-Si-Dos, Tagalongs, Post Modern Prometheus, Americone Dream, The Field Where I Died, Caramel deLites, Half Baked, Cherry Garcia, Patient X, Thin Mints, Chunky Monkey, Bad Blood | Ben & Jerry's The most popular Ben & Jerry's flavor had been Cherry Garcia for more than a decade until 2013 when a survey taken of the general public found Cookie Dough was the winner with 60% and in last place was Chocolate Chip Brownie with 8.5%. The company website states (as of December 2020) that the most popular flavor is Half Baked, with Cherry Garcia placing second, and Chocolate Fudge Brownie following in third. It is unclear to what degree the popularity of flavors reflects their availability. In the United Kingdom, Cherry Garcia ice cream has disappeared from supermarkets, and those who desire it must obtain it from a Ben & Jerry's Scoop Shop.
Jerry Garcia In 1987, Vermont ice cream maker Ben & Jerry's introduced their Cherry Garcia flavor dedicated to him. It was the first ice cream flavor dedicated to a musician.
Stephen Colbert's AmeriCone Dream Stephen Colbert's AmeriCone Dream is a Ben & Jerry's ice cream flavor inspired by Stephen Colbert, host of the CBS television show The Late Show, and the fictionalized version of him who served as host of The Colbert Report on Comedy Central. The ice cream was introduced in 2007. The same flavor became available in Canada as Oh Cone-ada in 2010.
Cultural impact of The Colbert Report In February 2007, Ben & Jerry's unveiled a new ice cream flavor in honor of Stephen Colbert, named Stephen Colbert's AmeriCone Dream (available only in the United States). Colbert waited until Easter to sample the ice cream because he gave up sweets for Lent. Colbert will donate all proceeds to charity through the new Stephen Colbert AmeriCone Dream Fund, which will distribute the money to various causes. The flavor is described as a decadent melting pot of vanilla ice cream with fudge-covered waffle cone pieces and a caramel swirl. The company's founders appeared on the show on March 5, 2007, to discuss the ice cream and to plug their grassroots education and advocacy project, TrueMajority.
Ben & Jerry's In 1987, as a tribute to guitarist Jerry Garcia, Ben & Jerry's presented its first ice cream named for a rock legend and the most famous of fan-suggested flavors, Cherry Garcia.
Girl Scout Cookies Thin Mints are the most popular Girl Scout Cookies, with Samoas/Caramel deLites the second most popular. About 50 million boxes of Thin Mints were sold in 2013 compared with 38 million boxes of Samoas. Thin Mints averages at about 32 cookies per box, and Samoas contain 15 cookies per box.
Ben & Jerry's Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield appeared on The Colbert Report on March 5, 2007, to promote the company's new ice cream flavor, Stephen Colbert's AmeriCone Dream, and Cohen's progressive advocacy group TrueMajority.
Wavy Gravy Ben & Jerry's Wavy Gravy ice cream flavor is named for Romney. Until 2001, Ben & Jerry's produced an ice cream named Wavy Gravy (caramel-cashew-Brazil nut base with a chocolate hazelnut fudge swirl and roasted almonds) which helped drive a scholarship fund for underprivileged kids to attend his Camp Winnarainbow.
Stephen Colbert's AmeriCone Dream On March 3, 2011, Jimmy Fallon appeared on The Colbert Report to have a duel of their respective Ben & Jerry ice cream flavors. The skit also featured appearances by Jon Stewart of The Daily Show and Ben & Jerry founders Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield. The skit ended with Fallon and Colbert singing a duet in peace.
Burry's In 1944, Burry's manufactured Girl Scout Cookies including Thin Mints, a sugared shortbread cookie called Scot-Teas, and Savannahs, an oatmeal sandwich cookie with peanut butter filling.
| Girl Scout cookies: Samoas, Do-Si-Dos, Tagalongs, Caramel deLites, Thin Mints
Ben & Jerry's ice cream flavors: Phish Food, Americone Dream, Half Baked, Cherry Garcia, Chunky Monkey
Episodes from The X-Files: The Unnatural, Post Modern Prometheus, The Field Where I Died, Patient X, Bad Blood | classification |
Why some people like spicy food? | People Like Us (band) People Like Us was a South-African Hi-NRG band from the mid-1980s who had success with their song Deliverance.
Bangladeshi cuisine Mymensigh cuisine is different from rest of Bangladesh in its preference for spicy food. Muri (puffed rice) or Chira (flattened rice) is also used consumed with Doi.
Neurogastronomy Although the consumption of spicy food can cause pain, people in many cultures ascribe a high hedonic value to it. Psychologist Paul Rozin puts forth the idea of benign masochism, a learned tendency that overrides the typically aversive stimuli because of the risk-taking or thrill-seeking associated with overcoming pain.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) People Like Us is a pop anthem with a length of four minutes and 20 seconds, a radio edit of it omits a part of the final chorus. The track begins with a spoken word intro and opens into an up-tempo pop melody, with its lyrics mainly exploring the themes of assurance, empowerment, celebration for the eccentrics and outcasts, which were dedicated by Clarkson as people like us.
People Like Us (Kelly Clarkson song) People Like Us is a song by American singer Kelly Clarkson, from her first greatest hits album, Greatest Hits – Chapter One (2012). One of the three songs recorded for the compilation, it was released as its third and final single through RCA Records on April 8, 2013. Written by Meghan Kabir, James Michael, Blair Daly, and produced by Greg Kurstin, People Like Us is an uptempo pop song, with its lyrical content primarily dealing with themes of empowerment, acceptance, and assurance for the eccentrics, who were being dedicated to as people like us.
People Like Us (Aaron Tippin song) People Like Us debuted at number 59 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of January 13, 2001.
Aleksandr Skvortsov (cosmonaut) After returning to Earth and sharing his experiences to an audience, Skvortsov said I love spicy food, I make really hot chili sauce myself. I missed it badly. I finished off all the spicy ketchup stock on the ISS and shocked everyone by making and eating wasabi sandwiches. That's my fuel, as good as a rocket's.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Hot pot One of the most famous Southern variations is the Chongqing hot pot (Chinese: 重庆火锅), which uses mala seasoning flavored with chilli peppers and Sichuan pepper for a spicy and numbing flavor. Chongqing hotpots often feature a wide variety of different meats and ingredients, and offer many sauces and condiments to flavor the meat. The typical dipping sauce contains sesame oil and is mixed with crushed fresh garlic and chopped spring onions. Due to the high humidity in the region, local people eat spicy food to remove the moisture from their bodies.
| The taste preferences are related to several factors.
1) the influence from the parents, especially childhood habits.
2) the geographical location.
3) the age. Older people like mild food.
Spicy is a test preference. Sichuan food and Mexican food are famous for their spicy taste. Kids do not like spicy food before they turn to age 10. People become less preferred to spicy food when the become older. | general_qa |
Given the reference text below, what is Safer Internet Day? | Childnet Childnet, as part of the UK Safer Internet Centre, coordinate Safer Internet Day in the UK. Safer Internet Day 2015 saw over 800 organizations in the UK taking part to help promote the safe, responsible and positive use of digital technology for children and young people. For the day the UK Safer Internet Centre launched a new study Friendship in a Digital Age and launched the #Up2Us film, which was made by 150 young people to inspire others to do something kind online.
Childnet Safer Internet Day is celebrated worldwide to raise awareness about online safety. Many people take safety on the internet for granted and for that reason it is important to educate people about possible data breaches.
Insafe The Insafe network organises the Safer Internet Day, which has taken place annually on the second day of the second week of February since 2004 and also involves numerous countries outside Europe. In 2022, the theme for Safer Internet Day was Improving Well-Being Online; focusing on cyberbullying, misinformation, and youth activism.
Cyprus Safer Internet Hotline SafenetCY has run visibility events to promote Internet safety issues and the importance of making reports to combat the prevalence of illegal content on the Internet. The Hotline has participated and contributed to various forums with the view to developing safer internet initiatives. It has also provided support and speakers for events run by educational organisations, industry associations and child welfare organisations. Interviews regarding the working of the Hotline are regularly given on TV, radio and the written press. It is vital that all relevant agencies work together to promote Internet safety and provide a safer Internet environment for all. SafenetCY is also an active participant in the organisation of various events and activities to raise awareness in the context of the annual celebration of the International Safer Internet Day.
Cyprus Safer Internet Helpline The Helpine has run visibility events to promote Internet safety issues and has participated and contributed to various forums with the view to developing safer internet initiatives. It has also provided support and speakers for events run by educational organisations, industry associations and child welfare organisations. Interviews regarding the working of the Helpline are regularly given on TV, radio and the written press. The Cyprus Internet Helpline is also an active participant in the organisation of various events and activities to raise awareness in the context of the annual celebration of the International Safer Internet Day.
Susie Hargreaves Since her appointment in September 2011, she has been CEO of the Internet Watch Foundation. She is a director of the UK Safer Internet Centre.
Internet safety As the number of internet users continues to grow worldwide, internets, governments, and organizations have expressed concerns about the safety of children and teenagers using the Internet. Over 45% have announced they have endured some sort of cyber-harassment. Safer Internet Day is celebrated worldwide in February to raise awareness about internet safety. In the UK the Get Safe Online campaign has received sponsorship from government agency Serious Organized Crime Agency (SOCA) and major Internet companies such as Microsoft and eBay.
Cyprus Safer Internet Helpline The Cyprus Safer Internet Helpline is a service provided by the Cyprus Safer Internet Center project, coordinated by the Cyprus Neuroscience and Technology Institute (CNTI). The Helpline ensures that not only children and adolescents but also adults have the opportunity to converse with experts in case they experience something negative on the Internet. Educated psychologists provide support and essential advice so that the crisis is overcome and the situation is confronted. Members of the public can reach the helpline at the number 7000 0 116. The communication is completely confidential and anonymous.
Cyprus Safer Internet Hotline The service was first established in 2005 as Safeweb in a partnership between the University of Cyprus and the FORTH Institute in Greece. It was re-launched as SafenetCY in March 2007 (Grant Number SIP-2005-AN-038265), when the Cyprus Neuroscience and Technology Institute secured an EU grant together with CYTA with the initiatives of Elia Petridou and Yiannis Laouris. In 2008 it was integrated with the CyberEthics Safer Internet Awareness Center also co-funded by the Safer Internet Plus Program of the European Commission, under Grant Number SIP-2008-CNH-143-802.
Childnet The UK Safer Internet Centre is coordinated by a partnership of three leading organisations; Childnet International, the Internet Watch Foundation, and the South West Grid for Learning. It is co-funded by the European Commission and has three main functions: an Awareness Centre, a Helpline and a Hotline.
| Safer Internet Day raises awareness about internet safety for children and young people. | closed_qa |
My 12-year-old daughter asks me: "Why can't I have my own cellphone? Everyone else in my class have one. Without a cellphone, I cannot make friends with them, and I cannot join their conversations. I feel lonely and sad." How to properly respond to my daughter? Shall I give her a cellphone or not? | David Hyrum Smith Mother I must tell you ... I feel very sad and the tears run out of my eyes all the time and I don't know why. ... strive as I will my heart sinks like lead. ... I must tell someone my troubles.
Homework in psychotherapy After that, Jane starts writing in the next column the pieces of evidence that support the hot thought: I've done terribly on presentations in the past. I remember one time in high school when I had to give a speech in front of my class and I ended up crying in front of everyone instead. I got a C on that speech and barely scraped by in the class. My high school friends and I don't talk as much anymore. They must be starting to get sick of me too. My co-workers don't try to talk to me either. Jane jots down in the next column pieces of evidence against her hot thought: I think my boss might have meant well when he gave me this presentation assignment. I did one of these presentations on a smaller scale last week and I think I did just fine. Almost everyone who was there even came up to me and told me so afterwards. I think that those audience members do care about me and would be willing to support me if I asked. Also, I'm filling out this thought record just like my therapist told me to. I think that's what she would have wanted from me.
Reveille (film) There is no story, as such. I hate the well-made Story with its Exposition, Denouement, Crisis, etc., as material for my elusive Screen. I confess I cannot write one.
Kenneth More Doctors and friends ask me how I feel. How can you define bloody awful? My nerves are stretched like a wire; the simplest outing becomes a huge challenge – I have to have Angela's arm to support me most days... my balance or lack of it is probably my biggest problem. My blessings are my memories and we have a few very loyal friends who help us through the bad days... Financially all's well. Thank goodness my wife, who holds nothing of the past over my head, is constantly at my side. Real love never dies. We share a sense of humour which at times is vital. If I have a philosophy it is that life doesn't put everything your way. It takes a little back. I strive to remember the ups rather than the downs. I have a lot of time with my thoughts these days and sometimes they hurt so much I can hardly bear it. However, my friends always associate me with the song: When You're Smiling... lt isn't always easy but I'm trying to live up to it.
Helena Paparizou On many occasions, Paparizou talked about starting a family with Mavridis; in Celebrity, Paparizou said I believe that family is the most natural thing, the thing I want in my life. And what is my preference? To not have kids so I can continue my career? One day it will end. I cannot be on stage everyday, like I am now at the age of 25. In Nitro she said, No [Mavridis is not my first relationship], but I think he is my last. He is the person I want to have kids with. I think he is the best father they could have. If I don't have kids with him, then I will adopt. In the August 2010 issue of Life & Style, Paparizou said that she would like to have a child within the next two years.
William S. Penn I write to amuse and entertain, but I write from a center I take seriously, a center given to me by my grandfather, encouraged by my sisters, and nurtured by my wife and by my daughter and son with whom I tell stories. Indeed, All My Sins Are Relatives is dedicated 'For Grandfather, who knows / And Rachel and Willy, so they may.' Thus, I would say that much of my work is so they—the children, not just my own—may know my attempt to bridge the gap between the urban mixblood and Euramerican worlds to which I belong.
Di Zi Gui When my parents call me, I must answer right away. When they ask me to do something, I must not be lazy to do it. When my parents instruct me, I will listen respectfully. When my parents scold me, I must accept and obey them. I will try to ensure my parents are always warm and comfortable. In the morning I will greet my parents and at night I will wish them a good night. Before going out or after returning home, I will tell my parents to put them at ease. I will maintain a disciplined life and strive for good results in all my studies. I must not do as I please, even though it may be just a small matter. If I do so, then I will not have been a dutiful child. I must not keep anything from my parents, even though it is small. If I do so, I may hurt their feelings. I will try my best to please my parents. I will try not to do anything that offends them. If I behave badly, my parents will feel ashamed. With loving parents, it is not difficult to be dutiful to them. Even if my parents sometimes treat me badly, I must still be dutiful to them. If I feel my parents are wrong, I may advise them to change. I must do this politely. If my parents pass away, I will mourn them. I will not decorate my home and I will avoid any festivities. I will serve my parents' funerals with the deepest sorrow and as if they were still alive.
Lonely Hearts (JoJo song) JoJo camped out at House of Balloons in Toronto, Canada with songwriters Lowell and Doc McKinney during early writing sessions for the song. The song was written from a place of self reflection and truly being happy with being on your own. JoJo stated I knew the importance of being on my own for a solid year because I had never really been single. I had jumped up from relationship to relationship and I started dating with? I was 14. I knew I had to go through this uncomfortable experience of sitting with my thoughts, being lonely and getting to know myself. I wasn't sure what my boundaries were and what was truly important to me independent of anybody else. JoJo continued: I had just recycled relationships, gone back and kept doors open. I always had a comfort zone to go back to because I felt so much unpredictably in my personal life that I loved the predictability in my personal life. I realized I was doing something myself a disservice. That's where Lonely Hearts came from. The song began as a freestyle with JoJo singing it with a 90s R&B melody in mind for the song. JoJo concluded, I started thinking about how I love the idea about being able to have casual sex, but it's never ends up being that casual. I can't have any of these types of friends and I just need to be by myself fully. That's where it came from.
Touch My Body I have faith in my fans. I believe they will come through for me, because they always have. My house is not complete without an American Moonman, and I would say 'Touch My Body' deserves one. Brett Ratner directed it, I have a unicorn in there, I have ['Guitar Hero'] in there — who else has that?
Shelagh Carter When Carter was eighteen years old, when she was really struggling with her mother, a teacher pulled her out of class one day and took her to see a film, which happened to be John Cassavetes' A Woman Under the Influence:And I'm looking up at the screen ... and I think, My God, that's my mother. And people started to laugh behind me, they began to laugh at her. And ... I swear to God, I was up over those seats, I was gonna deck them, I was so mad. My teacher was pulling me off of them. And it was at that moment, at 18, that I realized that I loved my mother.Later, she elaborated: That's when I knew I really loved my mother and I was beginning to see that it was an illness and it wasn't her.
| Dear daughter, I truly understand your feeling, and I don't want to keep you feel bad at school. I'm willing to give you anything that I can reasonably afford that makes you happy. However, I have some concerns that giving you a cellphone might harm you instead of making you happier. Can you address my concerns and make me feel safe to give you the cellphone? Here are some of my concerns:
1. Using cellphone too much would harm your eye sight. Especially for teenagers, whose eyes are still growing, it's very easy to have near-sight pretty quickly.
2. Using cellphone too much would take too much of your time, and you would spend less time reading books, doing exercises, playing outside, talking to people, which harms your overall development. Adults like me already ready lots of books, did lots of exercises, and talked to a lot of people when I was a teenager, so I already developed those skills.
3. Using cellphone too much would make you feel hard to focus on one thing. The scattered information would stimulate your attention, and make you feel excited at superficial contents, and don't think deeply.
4. You might accidentally lost your cellphone, and you will feel sad about it. Teenagers usually are more likely to lost things than adults in general. | general_qa |
Describe how skateboarding teaches you about life and to be resilient. | A Little Game (2014 film) The story is about a 10-year-old girl named Max, living in Manhattan, NYC, whose interaction with a retired, fellow New Yorker teaches her about life and chess simultaneously.
Skateboarding trick Freestyle skateboarding tricks are tricks specifically associated with freestyle skateboarding. They are part of the building blocks and some of the most important reference points for tricks which have evolved to form street skateboarding.
Skateboarding organization A skateboarding organization is an organization that advocates for skateboarding and the skateboarding community.
Freestyle skateboarding Freestyle skateboarding (or freestyle) is one of the oldest styles of skateboarding and was intermittently popular from the 1960s until the early 1990s, when the final large-scale professional freestyle skateboarding competition was held.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Benihana (skateboarding) In 2008, Transworld Skateboarding magazine ran a feature that included the benihana in a list of the 10 Worst Tricks In Skateboarding and described the trick as terrible.
Skateboarding styles Non-competition downhill skateboarding is one of the oldest styles of skateboarding and was popular in the early 1970s. Original longboards were described as being like snow skis (in terms of length). Modern riders often use longboards for races, but some use regular skateboards for non-competition downhill skateboarding.
Skateboard Skateboarding is a very individual activity, and it continues to evolve. Since 2000, due to attention in the media and products like skateboarding video games, children's skateboards and commercialization, skateboarding has been pulled into the mainstream. As more interest and money has been invested into skateboarding, more skate parks, and better skateboards have become available. In addition, the continuing interest has motivated skateboarding companies to keep innovating and inventing new things. Skateboarding appeared for the first time in the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Street skateboarding During the late 1980s and early 1990s, street skateboarding evolved as a new approach to skateboarding, using elements taken from the other existing skateboarding disciplines. Instead of drained swimming pools and purpose-built skateparks, skateboarders began to use urban areas and public spaces. For example, in the 1980s, Philadelphia's LOVE Park transformed from a place where businesspeople would eat their lunch into a well-known skateboarding spot. A new style of skateboard deck (which had a kicktail at each end) became popular. Professional skateboarding became hyper-commercialized and skate shops specializing in the retail of professional grade skateboarding equipment appeared in many cities across the world. Skate shops, in turn, helped support a culture of street skateboarding by offering skateboarders a refuge where they could check out and buy copies of the latest skate videos (VHS video tapes and then later DVDs), magazines, or other skateboard products.
Freestyle skateboarding tricks A freestyle skateboarding trick is a trick performed with a skateboard while freestyle skateboarding. Some of these tricks are done in a stationary position, unlike many other skateboarding tricks. The keys to a good freestyle contest run are variety, difficulty, fluidity, and creativity. This is an incomplete list, which includes most notable tricks.
| Skateboarding has been through quite an evolution since its first inception, when it came from the waves to the street. As a sport, skateboarding has always had a special attitude towards rules and pushed boundaries. Think of where one is supposed to skate (in the park) and where the best spots can actually be found across town (particularly where it's forbidden). In contrast to the waves in front of the coast, the asphalt one usually lands on when falling is pretty hard and rough - a circumstance felt by bones and skin. Skateboard riders usually fall quite a bit and despite all, the important thing is to get up and try again, and again, and again. It is just like in life where one grows with their challenges and needs to get up again until the goals are achieved. As humbling and painful as falling onto plain asphalt can be, it can also stimulate resilience and a relieving patience when the goal is in sight. Just try again. | creative_writing |
What's the best piece of advice you ever received? | Henri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
Stephen Leopold In 2012, Leopold was one of the 100 experts in Donald Trump's book The Best Real Estate Advice I Ever Received: 100 Top Experts Share Their Strategies ().
The Way to the Top The Way to the Top: The Best Business Advice I Ever Received is a business book compiled by Donald Trump.
Alejandro Roces When once asked for a piece of advice on becoming a famous literary figure Roces said, You cannot be a great writer; first, you have to be a good person.
Brainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.
Simple non-inferential passage A piece of advice is a type of simple non-inferential passage that recommends some future action or course of conduct. A mechanic recommending regular oil changes or a doctor recommending that a patient refrain from smoking are examples of pieces of advice.
Brainstorming According to a meta-analysis comparing EBS to face-to-face brainstorming conducted by DeRosa and colleagues, EBS has been found to enhance both the production of non-redundant ideas and the quality of ideas produced. Despite the advantages demonstrated by EBS groups, EBS group members reported less satisfaction with the brainstorming process compared to face-to-face brainstorming group members.
Brainstorming Directed brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming (described below). It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space (that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea) is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the ideation process intentionally.
| You cannot learn everything about the world, but does it mean you should stop trying. | brainstorming |
What kind of species is the Eulima venusta | Eulima venusta Eulima venusta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
Turbonilla venusta Turbonilla venusta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.
Eulima pusilla Eulima pusilla is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
Eulima almo Eulima almo is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
Eulima psila Eulima psila is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
Eulima augustoi Eulima augustoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
Eulima newtoni Eulima newtoni is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
Eulima compacta Eulima compacta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
Eulima crossei Eulima crossei is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
Eulima lacca Eulima lacca is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima.
| Eulima venusta is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae. The species is one of a number within the genus Eulima. | open_qa |
What were the last ten states to enter the union of the United States? | College and university rankings in the United States Gallup polls ask American adults, All in all, what would you say is the best college or university in the United States?
Evelyn Wrench In 1920, he founded a twin organization, the English-Speaking Union of the United States, which organization created the Sir Evelyn Wrench Travelling Fellowships in his honour. The first President of the English-Speaking Union of the United States was former President of the United States William Howard Taft.
History of Vermont In 1791, Vermont joined the federal Union as the fourteenth state—becoming the first state to enter the Union after the original thirteen colonies, and as a counterweight to slaveholding Kentucky, which was admitted to the Union the following year.
Yevgeny Erastov In 1992, Eugene entered Maxim Gorky Literature Institute (Correspondence Department) in Moscow. One of his teachers was writer Yuri Kyznecov. Eugene was allowed to enter The Union of Russia's Writers in 1998. At this time, in parallel, he defended two theses on medicine.
United States v. National Treasury Employees Union United States v. National Treasury Employees Union, 513 U.S. 454 (1995), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that Section 501(b) of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 violates the First Amendment of the United States Constitution.
History of rugby union in the United States Unlike football, rugby has established itself through the United States via its colleges and universities.
Kosmos 1375 Kosmos 1375 was the last of ten Lira satellites to be launched, of which all but the first were successful. Lira was derived from the earlier DS-P1-M satellite, which it replaced.
Northern Bahr el Ghazal In October 2015, President Salva Kiir divided the original ten states of South Sudan into 28 states. Northern Bahr el Ghazal was divided into the new states of Aweil, Aweil East, and a part of Lol.
Aweil State On 22 February 2020, a compromise led President Salva Kiir to revert the map of South Sudan to its original ten states. Aweil State is now reincorporated into Northern Bahr el Ghazal.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
| In order of admission: Montana, Washington, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona, Alaska, and Hawaii. | open_qa |
What is the most popular sport? | Sport in Oceania The most popular sport in Oceania varies from country to country. The most popular sport in Australia is cricket, the most popular sport among Australian women is netball, while Australian rules football is the most popular sport in terms of spectatorship and television ratings. Rugby is the most popular sport among New Zealanders. In Papua New Guinea, the most popular sport is the Rugby league.
Sammanthurai Sammanthurai is home to a sports complex, a public playground and many public school playgrounds. Cricket is the most popular sport as it is the most popular sport in the country.
Makaji Meghpar Cricket is the most popular sport in Makaji Meghpar. Other popular traditional sports include Kabaddi and Kho Kho.
Australia (continent) Popular sports in Papua New Guinea include various codes of football (rugby league, rugby union, soccer, and Australian rules football), cricket, volleyball, softball, netball, and basketball. Other Olympic sports are also gaining popularity, such as boxing and weightlifting. Rugby league is the most popular sport in Papua New Guinea (especially in the highlands), which also unofficially holds the title as the national sport. The most popular sport in Australia is cricket, the most popular sport among Australian women is netball, while Australian rules football is the most popular sport in terms of spectatorship and television ratings.
Faqeerabad, Peshawar Cricket is the most popular sport. The sport is commonplace at night during the month of Ramadan. Other popular sports include snooker, English billiards, hockey, and table tennis.
Arrah Cricket is the most popular sport, however other sports such as volleyball, basketball, and athletics are also played.
Kudra Cricket is the most popular sport in Kudra although football and other sports tournaments are also organised.
Football in Africa Football is the most popular sport in Africa. Indeed, football is probably the most popular sport in every African country, although rugby and cricket are also very popular in South Africa.
Ajeetpura Cricket is a popular sport with many cricket clubs in the town comprising the young talent; and three cricket grounds. Kabaddi is also a popular sport.
Sport in France Orienteering is a reasonably popular sport in France; it is regulated by the Fédération Française de Course d'Orientation (FFCO)
| Soccer also known as football outside of USA is the most popular sport with over 3.5 billion fans. It consists of 11 players and maximum 5 substitutions during a 90 minutes regulation time allowed. The formation consists of a goalie, defense, midfield and offense. 191 countries represent a national soccer team which is more than any other nationally represented sport. | creative_writing |
How can you tell how old a tree is? | Tell Me the Old, Old Story Tell Me the Old, Old Story is a hymn. The words were written as a poem by Katherine Hankey, an English evangelist, in 1866, while she was recovering from a serious illness in London. It was set to music by William Hovard Doane, who was much impressed by the poem when it was recited by Major General David Russell while they were attending an international convention of the YMCA in Montreal in 1867.
I Love to Tell the Story Certain verses were taken from Part I. by Dr. W. H. Doane in 1867 to make the popular and familiar hymn beginning, Tell me the old, old story. From Part II. certain verses were selected to make the hymn, I Love to Tell the Story.
Tree of virtues and tree of vices A tree of virtues (arbor virtutum) is a diagram used in medieval Christian tradition to display the relationships between virtues, usually juxtaposed with a tree of vices (arbor vitiorum) where the vices are treated in a parallel fashion.
Porphyrian tree The following Porphyrian tree consists of three columns of words; the middlemost (in boldface) contains the series of genera and species, and we can take it as analogous to the trunk of a tree. The extremes (the terms that jut out to the left and right), containing the differentiae, we can take as analogous to the branches of a tree:
Tree nut allergy Tree nut allergies are distinct from peanut allergy, as peanuts are legumes, whereas a tree nut is a hard-shelled nut.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Tree fork A tree fork is a bifurcation in the trunk of a tree giving rise to two roughly equal diameter branches. These forks are a common feature of tree crowns. The wood grain orientation at the top of a tree fork is such that the wood's grain pattern most often interlocks to provide sufficient mechanical support. A common malformation of a tree fork is where bark has formed within the join, often caused by natural bracing occurring higher up in the crown of the tree, and these bark-included junctions often have a heightened risk of failure, especially when bracing branches are pruned out or are shaded out from the tree's crown.
The Big Tree (Oda) The tree is known to be between 350 and 400 years old, and has a low natural generational success rate which is a contributory factor to its likelihood of extinction.
Horsfieldia borneensis Horsfieldia borneensis is a species of plant in the family Myristicaceae. It is a tree endemic to Borneo.
Horsfieldia sabulosa Horsfieldia sabulosa is a species of plant in the family Myristicaceae. It is a tree endemic to Borneo.
| The size of tree has a direct correlation on how old the tree is. The wider the diameter and circumference of the tree the older it is. When a tree is cut down there will be inner rings in the stump that describe the tree's age as well. A tree's diameter will increase in size about 2.5 centimeters per year. You can estimate the age of a tree by measuring the circumference of the tree in centimeters and then dividing it by 2.5 centimeters. It will be important to measure as close to the ground as possible to get the most accurate measurement for the tree's age. | open_qa |
What are the Australian men's and women's soccer teams called? | Soccer in Australia Soccer, also known as football, is the most played outdoor club sport in Australia, and ranked in the top ten for television audience as of 2015. The national governing body of the sport is Football Australia (FA), which until 2019, organised the A-League Men, A-League Women, and still organises the Australia Cup, as well as the men's and women's national teams (known as the Socceroos and the Matildas, respectively). The FA comprises nine state and territory member federations, which oversee the sport within their respective region.
Women's soccer in Australia Women's soccer, also known as women's football, is a popular sport in Australia. The sport has a high level of participation in the country both recreational and professional. Football Australia is the national governing body of the sport in Australia, organising the A-League Women, the Australian women's national team, and the nine state governing bodies of the game, among other duties. Women's participation of modern soccer has been recorded since the early 1920s. It has since become one of Australia's most popular women's team sports.
A-League Men A-League Men (known as the Isuzu UTE A-League for sponsorship reasons) is the highest-level professional men's soccer league in Australia and New Zealand. At the top of the Australian league system, it is the country's premier men's competition for the sport. A-League Men was established in 2004 as the A-League by the Football Federation Australia (FFA) as a successor to the National Soccer League (NSL) and competition commenced in August 2005. The league is currently are administered by the Australian Professional Leagues (APL), contested by twelve teams; eleven based in Australia and one based in New Zealand. The men's, women's and youth leagues have now been brought together under a unified A-Leagues banner.
Fairmont State University Fairmont State's athletic teams, known as the Falcons (alternately as Fighting Falcons, or Lady Falcons for women's teams), compete in the Mountain East Conference (MEC) in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II and field teams in 17 sports including football, men's and women's basketball, wrestling, women's soccer, women's volleyball, men's and women's golf, acrobatics and tumbling, baseball, softball, men's and women's swimming, men's and women's tennis, and men's and women's cross country.
Husson University Husson University teams are known as the Eagles. The university is a member of the NCAA Division III and fields twenty one varsity sports teams in the North Atlantic Conference (primary), Commonwealth Coast Football (football) and the Great Northeast Athletic Conference (swimming and diving). Sports offered include men's & women's soccer, men's & women's lacrosse, men's & women's cross country, men's & women's basketball, men's football, women's field hockey, men's and women's swimming & diving, men's and women's golf, women's outdoor track & field, women's indoor track & field, baseball, softball, and women's volleyball. Husson University also has three spirit teams including Cheer Team, Dance Team, and Pep Band.
Arlington Baptist University The university participates as a member of the National Christian College Athletic Association, Southwest Region, Division II, and is a member of the Association of Christian College Athletics. The college fields intercollegiate teams, known as the Patriots, in the following sports: baseball (men's), basketball (men's and women's), volleyball (women's), soccer (men's and women's), golf (men's and women's), and softball (women's).
Australia women's national under-23 soccer team The Australia women's national under-23 soccer team represents Australia in international under-23 soccer and at the AFF Women's Championship. The team is controlled by the governing body for soccer in Australia, Football Australia (FA), which is currently a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and the regional ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) since leaving the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) in 2006. The team's official nickname is the U23 Matildas.
City University of New York Athletic Conference The CUNYAC sponsors Division III intercollegiate athletic competition in men's baseball, men's and women's basketball, men's and women's cross country, men's and women's soccer, women's softball, men's and women's swimming and diving, men's and women's tennis, men's and women's track and field, and men's and women's volleyball.
Concordia University Concordia University's athletic teams are called the Concordia Stingers. They compete with other schools in Canadian Interuniversity Sport, and more specifically, in the Quebec Student Sports Federation and the Quebec University Football League. The university has 10 varsity teams. In the fall, teams compete in Canadian football, men's and women's soccer, men's and women's rugby union and sport wrestling. There are female and male wrestlers on the team from year to year, and they compete as one team. In the winter, teams compete in men's and women's ice hockey and men's and women's basketball.
Georgia College & State University Known as the Georgia College Bobcats, the college is currently a member of NCAA Division II and the Peach Belt Conference. Georgia College sponsors varsity teams in baseball, men's and women's basketball, men's and women's cheerleading, men's and women's cross country, golf, dance team, women's soccer, softball, men's and women's tennis, women's volleyball, men's and women's esports and collegiate bass fishing.
| The men's national team is called the Socceroos and the women's national team is called the Matildas. | summarization |
Where was the 7th edition of Slinex conducted? | SLINEX SLINEX (Sri Lanka India Naval Exercise) are a series of naval exercises between the Indian Navy and the Sri Lanka Navy. The first SLINEX exercise took place in 2005. The eighth edition took place in 2020.
SLINEX SLINEX 2018 took place between September 7 to 13, 2018, off Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. The vessels taking part included SLNS Sayurala, SLNS Samudura, SLNS Suranimala, INS Sumitra, INS Kirch and INS Cora together with 2 Dornier air crafts and a helicopter of the Indian Navy.
Essential medicines The first edition of the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children, was published in 2007, while the 7th edition was published in 2019. It was created to make sure that the needs of children were systematically considered such as availability of proper formulations. The first edition contained 450 formulations of 200 different medications.
IJ (digraph) Dutch dictionaries since about 1850 invariably sort ij as an i followed by a j, i.e. between ih and ik. This is the preferred sorting by the Taalunie. On the other hand, some encyclopedias, like the Winkler Prins, 7th edition, sort ij as a single letter positioned between x and y.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Sculpture in the City In 2017-18 the 7th Edition featured Gavin Turk, Mark Wallinger, Martin Creed, Ryan Gander Ryan Gander, Nathaniel Rackowe, Recycle Group, Paul McCarthy, Daniel Buren, Fernando Casasempere, Karen Tang, Kevin Killen, Mhairi Vari, Gary Webb, Damien Hirst, Bosco Sodi, Peter Randall-Page RA.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
ICC Americas Championship In this tournament, all the divisions consisted of the T20 format and not of the 50-over format. However, this is the 7th edition of the ICC Americas Championship.
Berwick Film & Media Arts Festival In 2011, the three-day 7th edition of the festival, 'Once Upon a Time', explored the enchantment of fairy tales on film, from one of the first examples of the genre, Alice in Wonderland (1903) through to the modern day.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
| Trincomalee, Sri Lanka | open_qa |
Tell me which of the following are states in the United States of America: Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho, Toronto, Canada, England. | History of Idaho The history of Idaho is an examination of the human history and social activity within the state of Idaho, one of the United States of America located in the Pacific Northwest area near the west coast of the United States and Canada. Other associated areas include southern Alaska, all of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, western Montana and northern California and Nevada.
Spruce-pine-fir Western SPF comes from the Canadian provinces of British Columbia and Alberta, and the US states of California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming.
Damasonium californicum D. californicum is a plant of wet environments in the western United States including Washington state, Oregon, northern California, Idaho, Nevada, and Montana. It is a resident of ponds, riversides, and vernal pools.
Heterotheca oregona Heterotheca oregona is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name Oregon false goldenaster. It is native to the west coast of Canada and the United States in British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California as far south as Los Angeles County.
Askellia pygmaea It is native to western, northern, and eastern Canada (Yukon, Northwest Territories, British Columbia, Alberta, Nunavut, Quebec, Labrador, Newfoundland), the western United States (Alaska, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Washington, Oregon, California), Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and western China (Tibet + Xinjiang).
Trichostema oblongum It is native to California and the Northwestern United States in Oregon, Idaho, and Washington, and north into British Columbia, Canada.
Divorce in the United States States vary in their rules for division of assets in a divorce. The major difference is between states that use a community property system and states that do not. In community property states, community property belongs to the spouses equally. The following states use community property regimes: Arizona, California, Idaho, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin. Alaskan law gives couples the option to create community property by written agreement.
Gonidea The western ridged mussel historically occurred in river basins spanning portions of the western states of California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington, and the Canadian province of British Columbia.
Washington ground squirrel The Washington ground squirrel (Urocitellus washingtoni) is a squirrel that lives in the Pacific Northwest states of Washington and Oregon, United States.
Denturist Denturism is defined as the practice by denturists of examining oral health, planning treatment, making artificial dentures including other removable oral appliances and fitting them to patients. It is a recognized profession throughout the world and currently utilized in many countries including Australia, New Zealand, United States, United Kingdom and Canada. In the United States, denturism is only legislated and practiced in 7 states (Maine, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Washington, Oregon, and Colorado). However, in Australia, the United Kingdom and Canada, all states, provinces and territories recognize the profession.
| The following are all states in the United States of America: Washington, Oregon, California, and Idaho. Toronto, Canada, and England are not part of the United States of America. | classification |
Given this reference text, what was John Dalberg-Acton's most famous pronouncement, and to whom did he make it? | John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton But if we might discuss this point until we found that we nearly agreed, and if we do agree thoroughly about the impropriety of Carlylese denunciations and Pharisaism in history, I cannot accept your canon that we are to judge Pope and King unlike other men, with a favourable presumption that they did no wrong. If there is any presumption it is the other way, against the holders of power, increasing as the power increases. Historic responsibility has to make up for the want of legal responsibility. Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men, even when they exercise influence and not authority, still more when you superadd the tendency or the certainty of corruption by authority. There is no worse heresy than that the office sanctifies the holder of it. That is the point at which the negation of Catholicism and the negation of Liberalism meet and keep high festival, and the end learns to justify the means. You would hang a man of no position like Ravaillac; but if what one hears is true, then Elizabeth asked the gaoler to murder Mary, and William III of England ordered his Scots minister to extirpate a clan. Here are the greatest names coupled with the greatest crimes; you would spare those criminals, for some mysterious reason. I would hang them higher than Haman, for reasons of quite obvious justice, still more, still higher for the sake of historical science.
John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton, 13th Marquess of Groppoli, (10 January 1834 – 19 June 1902), better known as Lord Acton, was an English Catholic historian, politician, and writer. He is best remembered for the remark he wrote in a letter to an Anglican bishop in 1887: Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men...
John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton In 1870, along with his mentor Döllinger, Acton opposed the moves to promulgate the doctrine of papal infallibility in the First Vatican Council, travelling to Rome to lobby against it, ultimately unsuccessfully. Unlike Döllinger, Acton did not become an Old Catholic, and continued attending Mass regularly; he received the last rites on his deathbed. The Catholic Church did not try to force his hand. It was in this context that, in a letter he wrote to scholar and ecclesiastic Mandell Creighton, dated April 1887, Acton made his most famous pronouncement:
Magic in Middle-earth The One Ring offers power to its wearer, and progressively corrupts the wearer's mind to evil; the effect is strongly addictive. Shippey applied Lord Acton's 1887 statement that Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men to it, noting that this was a distinctively modern thought: contemporary authors such as George Orwell with Animal Farm (1945), William Golding with Lord of the Flies (1954), and T. H. White with The Once and Future King (1958) similarly wrote about the corrupting effects of power.
Mandell Creighton In February 1887, volumes III and IV of Creighton's History of the Papacy were published by Longmans. These volumes narrowed the focus to specific popes, chiefly, Sixtus IV, Alexander VI, and Julius II. In his characteristic approach of maintaining historiographical balance and considering individuals to be very much mired in their historical eras, Creighton did not single out anyone for special condemnation, even Alexander VI, whose great disrepute Creighton felt was largely due to the fact that he did not add hypocrisy to his other vices. Earlier, in 1885, Creighton had agreed to become the first editor of a new journal, the English Historical Review. Now, he requested Acton to review his two volumes for the journal. The review Acton wrote was not only hostile but, in Creighton's view, also obscure. In the following weeks, there were contentious exchanges between the two men, polarising eventually into their two views of history, Acton's normative approach versus Creighton's more relativist one. It was in one of these exchanges that Acton penned three sentences, one of which was to become an oft-quoted epigram. Historical responsibility, wrote Acton, has to make up for the want of legal responsibility. Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men, even when they exercise influence and not authority. Acton's attack, however, did lead Creighton to rethink his own position somewhat. In an 1895 paper, he would write that the papacy, which had been established for the promotion of morality had in fact provided the means for the utmost immorality.
Absolute Power (radio and TV series) The title is taken from a quotation by the historian Lord Acton: power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.
Acton Institute The Acton Institute was founded in 1990 in Grand Rapids, Michigan by Robert A. Sirico and Kris Alan Mauren. It is named after the English historian, politician and writer Lord Acton, who is popularly associated with the dictum Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Sirico and Mauren were concerned that many religious people were ignorant of economic realities, and that many economists and businessmen were insufficiently grounded in religious principles. Sirico explains the essential link between economics and religion with reference to the institute's namesake:
John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton In 1869, Queen Victoria raised Acton to the peerage as Baron Acton, of Aldenham in the County of Shropshire. His elevation came primarily through the intercession of Gladstone. The two were intimate friends and frequent correspondents. Gladstone was particularly concerned to elevate Acton's standing as he headed out to Rome to resist the Pope's plan to have Papal Infallibility confirmed at the Vatican Council. Both Acton and Gladstone opposed this scheme and it was thought that, if Acton were an English Peer, it would strengthen his position in Rome. Matthew Arnold said: Gladstone influences all round him but Acton; it is Acton who influences Gladstone. Acton was appointed to the Royal Victorian Order as a Knight Commander (KCVO) in the 1897 Birthday Honours. He was also a strong supporter of Irish Home Rule.
John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton In 1859, Acton settled in England, at his country house, Aldenham, in Shropshire. He was returned to the House of Commons that same year as member for the Irish Borough of Carlow and became a devoted admirer and adherent of Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone. However, Acton was not an active MP, and his parliamentary career came to an end after the general election of 1865, when he headed the Liberal ballot for Bridgnorth near his Shropshire home. Acton nearly defeated Conservative leader Henry Whitmore, but Whitmore successfully petitioned for a scrutiny of the ballots, and thus retained his seat. After the Reform Act 1867, Acton again contested Bridgnorth, this time reduced to a single seat, in 1868 but to no avail.
John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton In 1874, when Gladstone published his pamphlet on The Vatican Decrees in their Bearing on Civil Allegiance, Lord Acton wrote during November and December a series of remarkable letters to The Times, illustrating Gladstone's main theme by numerous historical examples of papal inconsistency, in a way which must have been bitter enough to the ultramontane party, but ultimately disagreeing with Gladstone's conclusion and insisting that the Church itself was better than its premises implied. Acton's letters led to another storm in the English Roman Catholic world, but once more it was considered prudent by the Holy See to leave him alone. In spite of his reservations, he regarded communion with Rome as dearer than life.
| In a letter to Mandell Creighton, John Dalberg-Acton made his most famous pronouncement: "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men, even when they exercise influence and not authority, still more when you superadd the tendency or the certainty of corruption by authority." | closed_qa |
Tell me if these are examples of fine art mediums: painting, sculpture, architecture, music, poetry | Fine art Historically, the five main fine arts were painting, sculpture, architecture, music, and poetry, with performing arts including theatre and dance. In practice, outside education, the concept is typically only applied to the visual arts. The old master print and drawing were included as related forms to painting, just as prose forms of literature were to poetry. Today, the range of what would be considered fine arts (in so far as the term remains in use) commonly includes additional modern forms, such as film, photography, video production/editing, design, and conceptual art.
Zlata Bizova In 1951, Zlata Bizova entered at the Department of Painting of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, there she studied under noted art educators Alexander Zaytsev, Vasily Sokolov, Piotr Belousov, and Leonid Khudiakov.
Irina Getmanskaya In 1959 she entered the Department of Painting of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin. She studied with Alexander Debler, Boris Ugarov, Viktor Reykhet, Vitaly Valtsev, and Vladislav Anisovich.
Gleb Savinov In 1922 Savinov family moved from Saratov to Petrograd. In 1928-1930 Savinov started working in his father's studio while still attending school. In 1934, after graduating from high school he enrolled at the painting department of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, where he studied with Pavel Naumov, Michael Bernstein, Nicholai Radlov, Genrikh Pavlovsky, Semion Abugov, and Alexander Osmerkin. In 1940 Savinov graduated from Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture in Alexander Osmerkin's workshop. His graduation work - a painting named Childhood Gorky - was awarded first prize in 1940 in Moscow at the All-Union Exhibition of graduation works of Art Institutes and Colleges. In the same year Savinov married his classmate and artist Olga Bogaevskaya. This family and creative union lasted sixty years.
Art school A wide variety of art mediums and styles are integrated into modern art school programs. Different mediums that are taught include painting, printmaking, drawing and illustration, theatre, and sculpture. Newer programs can include graphic design, filmmaking, graffiti art, and certain kinds of digital media.
Fine art One definition of fine art is a visual art considered to have been created primarily for aesthetic and intellectual purposes and judged for its beauty and meaningfulness, specifically, painting, sculpture, drawing, watercolor, graphics, and architecture. In that sense, there are conceptual differences between the fine arts and the decorative arts or applied arts (these two terms covering largely the same media). As far as the consumer of the art was concerned, the perception of aesthetic qualities required a refined judgment usually referred to as having good taste, which differentiated fine art from popular art and entertainment.
The Raving Poets The Raving Poets had several open mic ‘music and poetry’ precedents in Edmonton, but the actual first ‘music with poetry’ event happened in the summer of the year 2000.
Aleksandr Gerasimov (painter) Gerasimov was born on 12 August 1881 in Kozlov (now Michurinsk) in Tambov Governorate, Russian Empire. He studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture from 1903 to 1915. There he championed traditional realistic representational art against the avant-garde.
James Sharples (blacksmith) His works are perhaps unique examples of fine art produced by a working man in the mid-19th century, at a time when other artists were creating their impressions of labour, such as Ford Madox Brown's painting Work.
Peter Nadin Nadin’s principal medium throughout the 1980s was painting, although he also produced sculpture and published poetry, including “Poetry Room,” a one-year installation at American Fine Art Gallery.
| Yes, traditionally the mediums of painting, sculpture, architecture, music, and poetry are all examples of fine art. In modern times, the categorization of fine arts also includes film, video, and photography. | classification |
Given these paragraphs about battery storage power stations, for how long battery power storage was cheaper than open cycle gas turbine power as of 2019? | Battery storage power station As of 2021, the power and capacity of the largest individual battery storage power plants is an order of magnitude less than that of the largest pumped storage power plants, the most common form of grid energy storage. For example, the Bath County Pumped Storage Station, the second largest in the world, can store 24GWh of electricity and dispatch 3GW while the first phase of Vistra Energy's Moss Landing Energy Storage Facility can store 1.2GWh and dispatch 300MW. Grid batteries do not however have to be large, and smaller ones can be deployed widely across a grid for greater redundancy.
Battery storage power station As of 2019, battery power storage is cheaper than open cycle gas turbine power for use up to two hours, and there was around 365 GWh of battery storage deployed worldwide, growing extremely rapidly. Levelized cost of electricity from battery storage has fallen rapidly, halving in two years to US$150 per MWh as of 2020.
Battery storage power station Sometimes battery storage power stations are built with flywheel storage power systems in order to conserve battery power. Flywheels may handle rapid fluctuations better than older battery plants.
Battery storage power station In Feldheim in Brandenburg, Germany, battery storage with a capacity of 10 MW and a storage capacity of 6.5 MWh was put into operation in September 2015. The project cost 12.8 million euros. The storage provides energy for the power grid to compensate for fluctuations caused by wind and solar power plants. The store is operated by the company Energiequelle.
Flywheel storage power system A flywheel-storage power system uses a flywheel for energy storage, (see Flywheel energy storage) and can be a comparatively small storage facility with a peak power of up to 20 MWh. It typically is used to stabilize to some degree power grids, to help them stay on the grid frequency, and to serve as a short-term compensation storage. Unlike common storage power plants, such as the pumped storage power plants with capacities up to 1000 MWh, the benefits from flywheel storage power plants can be obtained with a facility in the range of a few kWh to several tens of MWh. They are comparable in this application with battery storage power plants.
Flywheel storage power system Sometimes battery storage power stations are built with flywheel storage power systems in order to conserve battery power. Flywheels can handle rapid fluctuations better.
Battery storage power station Some of the largest battery storage power plants are described below, and are arranged by type, date, and size.
Battery storage power station In Schwerin, Germany, the electricity supplier WEMAG operates lithium-ion battery storage to compensate for short-term power fluctuations. Younicos supplied the battery storage power station. The South Korean company Samsung SDI supplied the lithium-ion cells. The storage has a capacity of 5 MWh and an output of 5 MW. It entered operation in September 2014. The lithium-ion battery storage consists of 25,600 lithium manganese cells, and has about five medium-voltage transformers, with both the regional distribution connected as well with the nearby 380 kV high-voltage grid.
Moss Landing Power Plant It is to be the site of a new battery storage power station for grid battery storage of over 567 MW / 2,270 MWh of power, potentially the world's largest when completed.
Battery storage power station In Ontario, Canada, battery storage with 53 MWh capacity and 13 MW of power was put in service in 2016. The Swiss battery manufacturer Leclanché supplied the batteries, and Deltro Energy Inc. planned and built the plant. The order was placed by the network operator Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO). The energy storage is used to provide fast grid services, mainly for voltage and reactive power control. In Ontario and the surrounding area, there are many wind and solar power plants, whereby the power supply varies widely.
| As of 2019, battery power storage is cheaper than open cycle gas turbine power for use up to two hours. | closed_qa |
Why is Massachusetts known as the Bay State? | USS Doyen (APA-1) The Doyen received a reprieve from the scrap yard as it was renamed the Bay State, and served as a training vessel, dormitory and classroom for the Massachusetts Maritime Academy in Buzzards Bay from 1957 to 1972 under the name USTS Bay State. The story of the ship's service in the Pacific during World War II as well as later as the Bay State is chronicled by Lt. Cdr. Lawrence A. Marsden (SC) USN (ret) in the book Gemini Ship, published 2002 by Infinity Press.
USTS Bay State TS or USTS Bay State may refer to one of these training ships of the Massachusetts Maritime Academy:
Bay State Conference The Bay State Conference, is an interscholastic high school athletic league located in the Metro Boston, Metrowest, and Southeastern Massachusetts (South Shore) regions of the United States. The Bay State Conference is named after the nickname of Massachusetts which is the bay state. As of 2021-2022, the Bay State Conference consists of 10 member schools. All Bay State Conference member schools are public secondary schools and also members of the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association (MIAA) in District 7 (along with the Hockomock League and the Tri-Valley League in the same regions). The Bay State Conference is known to be one of the most competitive conferences in the MIAA with some of the biggest high schools in the state of Massachusetts. In most sports members are in MIAA division 1 and/or division 2. The smallest member in the Bay State Conference is Milton High School at 1,070 students while the largest member is Framingham High School at 2,177 students.
Bay State College Bay State College (Bay State or BSC) is a private for-profit college in the Back Bay neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. It is owned by Ambow Education Holding Ltd. of the Cayman Islands and Beijing, People's Republic of China. Although Bay State College is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education, it is on probation with the accreditor for concerns related to finances and governance.
Bay State College In 1975, Bay State College was initially authorized to grant Associate's degrees by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Bay State Automobile Co. The Bay State Automobile Company was a Brass Era automobile manufacturer based in Boston, Massachusetts. It was founded by Rossell Drisko and Frederick E. Randall in 1906, and lasted to 1908.
Bay State Banner The Bay State Banner is an independent newspaper primarily geared toward the readership interests of the African-American community in Boston, Massachusetts. The Bay State Banner was founded in 1965 by Melvin B. Miller who remains the chief editor and publisher. In 2015, the publication celebrated its 50th anniversary serving the region's minority-oriented neighborhoods.
Bay State (TV series) Bay State is an ongoing television series broadcast on butv10 on the Boston University campus. Originated in 1991, Bay State is the longest-running continuously produced student soap opera in the United States. The series is set at the fictional Beacon Hill College and focuses on the sordid lives of the students there. The 150th episode of Bay State aired in January 2016.
Bay State Newspaper Company At the time of its sale to Fidelity in 1991, Dole Publishing (renamed Bay State Newspaper Co.) consisted of three weeklies, all in Middlesex County, Massachusetts and also the Merrimack Valley Advertiser which published in Tewksbury, Wilmington, Billerica, Chelmsford, and part of Westford.:
Bay State Arms The company was founded in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1870. it was moved to Uxbridge, Massachusetts. Local references in Uxbridge date the company in the 1880s located on the Mumford River at Seth Reads old Gristmill established in the 1770s. It appears that around 1874 the company was discontinued. The business was reorganized in 1880 in Worcester, Massachusetts making Bay State Gun branded firearms. In 1909 the company was purchased by Hopkins & Allen Arms Company of Norwich, Connecticut which continued to use the Bay State brand name on single-barrel shotguns.
| Massachusetts' nickname, the “Bay State,” refers to one of the state's most famous bays, Cape Cod, where the Pilgrims first settled. It also honors the royal charter that was given to the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1629 to promote and encourage settlement to the land. | open_qa |
Please provide details on Brisbane International tournament with given text as a reference | Brisbane International The tournament is held annually in January at the Queensland Tennis Centre just before the first Grand Slam tournament of the season, the Australian Open (part of the Australian Open Series). It is owned by Tennis Australia.
ATP Auckland Open The ATP Auckland Open, commonly known by its sponsored name ASB Classic, is a professional men's tennis tournament in Auckland, New Zealand. The tournament is played annually at the ASB Tennis Centre, in Parnell. It is part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) World Tour. The tournament is held annually in January a week before the first Grand Slam tournament of the season, the Australian Open.
2015 Brisbane International The 2015 Brisbane International was a tournament of the 2015 ATP World Tour and 2015 WTA Tour. It was played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson. It was held from 4 to 11 January 2015. It was part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year.
2013 Brisbane International The 2013 Brisbane International was a joint 2013 ATP World Tour and 2013 WTA Tour tennis tournament, played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland. It was the 5th edition of the tournament and took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson. It was held from 30 December 2012 to 6 January 2013. It was part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year.
2014 Brisbane International The 2014 Brisbane International was a joint 2014 ATP World Tour and 2014 WTA Tour tennis tournament, played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson. It was held from 29 December 2013 to 5 January 2014 and was part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year.
2017 Brisbane International The 2017 Brisbane International was a tournament of the 2017 ATP World Tour and 2017 WTA Tour. It was played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was the ninth edition of the tournament and took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson. It was held from 1 to 8 January 2017 as part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year.
2020 Brisbane International The 2020 Brisbane International was a professional tennis tournament on the 2020 WTA Tour. It was played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. This was the twelfth edition of the tournament, which took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson from 6 to 12 January 2020 as part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year. The ATP Tour edition of the event was replaced this year by the first edition of the ATP Cup.
Australian Open Series The Brisbane International was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland. It formed part of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) and Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tours, with it dropping off the ATP Tour in 2019 due to the establishment of the ATP Cup. It was held annually in January at the Queensland Tennis Centre, with the last edition being held in 2020 with only a women's draw, given the departure of the ATP after 2019. The tournament was not seen in 2021 and 2022 due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and was dropped entirely from Tennis Australia's schedule for 2023.
2016 Brisbane International The 2016 Brisbane International was a tournament of the 2016 ATP World Tour and 2016 WTA Tour. It was played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson. It was held from 3 to 10 January 2016 as part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year.
2012 Brisbane International The 2012 Brisbane International was a joint 2012 ATP World Tour and 2012 WTA Tour tennis tournament, played on outdoor hard courts in Brisbane, Queensland. Because of its ongoing success, the WTA decided in 2011 to upgrade the event to a Premier event. It was the 4th edition of the tournament and took place at the Queensland Tennis Centre in Tennyson. It was held from 1 to 8 January 2012 and was part of the Australian Open Series in preparation for the first Grand Slam of the year. Andy Murray and Kaia Kanepi won the singles titles.
| 1. The Brisbane International, which began in 2009, is an outdoor hardcourt professional tennis competition held in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
2. It is a WTA Premier competition on the WTA Tour, and up until 2019, it was a part of the ATP World Tour 250 series on the ATP World Tour.
3. The competition is conducted each year in January at the Queensland Tennis Center, right before the season's first Grand Slam event, the Australian Open. (part of the Australian Open Series).
4. Tennis Australia is the owner. | summarization |
Explain how sampling bias in Voice Of Customer research could adversely affect a marketing analysis of customers' post-purchase experience with a product. | Sampling bias Sampling bias is problematic because it is possible that a statistic computed of the sample is systematically erroneous. Sampling bias can lead to a systematic over- or under-estimation of the corresponding parameter in the population. Sampling bias occurs in practice as it is practically impossible to ensure perfect randomness in sampling. If the degree of misrepresentation is small, then the sample can be treated as a reasonable approximation to a random sample. Also, if the sample does not differ markedly in the quantity being measured, then a biased sample can still be a reasonable estimate.
Sampling bias In statistics, sampling bias is a bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population have a lower or higher sampling probability than others. It results in a biased sample of a population (or non-human factors) in which all individuals, or instances, were not equally likely to have been selected. If this is not accounted for, results can be erroneously attributed to the phenomenon under study rather than to the method of sampling.
Customer satisfaction research Customer satisfaction research is that area of marketing research, customer intelligence, and customer analytics which focuses on customers' perceptions with their shopping or purchase experience.
Tivoization This new license provision was acknowledged by TiVo in its April 2007 SEC filing: we may be unable to incorporate future enhancements to the GNU/Linux operating system into our software, which could adversely affect our business. The Linux kernel has not been changed to use GPLv3 due to certain problems perceived by its maintainers.
Product marketing To inform these decisions, Product Marketing Managers (PMMs) act as the Voice of the Customer to the company. This includes gaining a deep understanding of—and driving—customer engagement with the product, throughout its lifecycle (pre-adoption, post-adoption/purchase and after churning). PMMs collect this customer information through surveys and interviews and when available, product usage and competitive data. This informs the product roadmap, as well as driving customer product education to enhance engagement.
The customer is not a moron The quotation has since been used by others as a reminder that advertisers should not patronise their customers or doubt their intelligence, as it may harm their business. Marketing expert Austin McGhie used the quotation to show that respecting customers and overcoming their potential cynicism to a product is essential to success. He goes on to say the customer is you, explaining that we are all capable of spotting each other's hype and disbelieving it. Business author James Leibert has used Ogilvy's quotation, adding if we want to understand our customers, we're going to have to understand them extremely well.
Crowdreviewing Customers of products and services are a primary party in the process of reviewing. Customers are closely connected to the process as they would have first-hand experience with a product and service. Their primary role would be detailing their experiences with the product or service. A customer’s interest in crowdreviewing would stem from an interest in showing their appreciation towards the quality of a product or service or in voicing their concerns or disappointment in a product or service.
Customer Alliance The company specialises in customer experience management and online reputation management. The platform collects voice of the customer feedback across all major online review portals, analyses this feedback, and provides measurement and target-setting in the areas of Net Promoter Scores (NPS), customer satisfaction, quantitative, semantic and trend analysis.
Customer satisfaction Customer satisfaction (often abbreviated as CSAT) is a term frequently used in marketing. It is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. Customer satisfaction is defined as the number of customers, or percentage of total customers, whose reported experience with a firm, its products, or its services (ratings) exceeds specified satisfaction goals. Customers play an important role and are essential in keeping a product or service relevant; it is, therefore, in the best interest of the business to ensure customer satisfaction and build customer loyalty.
Marketing management Marketing management often conduct market research and marketing research to perform marketing analysis. Marketers employ a variety of techniques to conduct market research, but some of the more common include:
| Recently I bought a TV from Amazon after extensive research and analysis. The TV manufacturer promptly followed up two weeks after the purchase. The post-purchase experience survey had questions like the following:
· Did you buy it from a store/online?
· Are you satisfied with your order?
· Which store did you visit?
· Was the self-assembly instructions easy to follow?
· What other items would you consider purchasing from our brand?
The above questions were too generic from the TV manufacturer, and they missed the mark in identifying me as a persona and my buying criteria. I bought the TV for my basement as a secondary TV, and I picked a TV brand with standard features to be cost-effective. Below are a few sampling biases from the survey
Buyer’s criteria
The survey didn’t identify the TV for primary usage. I purchased this as a secondary TV, and my expectations were low, but I’m satisfied with the TV. I wouldn’t have picked this brand if this was my primary TV purchase. This is a classic example of sampling bias where the survey didn’t identify my buying criteria and resulted in skewed results.
Audience segmentation
As a millennial, my primary purchase channel is online. I rely heavily on YouTube reviews and blogs for my research. The TV survey aimed at in-store purchases and needed to capture the online experience correctly. This type of sampling bias results in incorrect market analysis. | creative_writing |
Why did people stop using Perl? | Black Perl Black Perl is a code poem written using the Perl programming language. It was posted anonymously to Usenet on April 1, 1990, and is popular among Perl programmers as a piece of Perl poetry. Written in Perl 3, the poem is able to be executed as a program.
Programming Perl Programming Perl, best known as the Camel Book among programmers, is a book about writing programs using the Perl programming language, revised as several editions (1991-2012) to reflect major language changes since Perl version 4. Editions have been co-written by the creator of Perl, Larry Wall, along with Randal L. Schwartz, then Tom Christiansen and then Jon Orwant. Published by O'Reilly Media, the book is considered the canonical reference work for Perl programmers. With over 1,000 pages, the various editions contain complete descriptions of each Perl language version and its interpreter. Examples range from trivial code snippets to the highly complex expressions for which Perl is widely known. The camel book editions are also noted for being written in an approachable and humorous style.
Perl Perl 4 went through a series of maintenance releases, culminating in Perl 4.036 in 1993, whereupon Wall abandoned Perl 4 to begin work on Perl 5. Initial design of Perl 5 continued into 1994. The perl5-porters mailing list was established in May 1994 to coordinate work on porting Perl 5 to different platforms. It remains the primary forum for development, maintenance, and porting of Perl 5.
Perl OpenGL OGAs store OpenGL data as typed C arrays. OGAs may be populated by C pointer, Perl packed arrays (strings) or Perl arrays. OGAs may be bound/mapped to VBOs to share data between the GPU and Perl. Accessor methods provide a means to get/set array elements by C pointer, packed arrays or Perl arrays.
Dan Sugalski Dan was a Perl 5 core developer for years and his duties included being responsible for the VMS port of Perl. He has written more than a dozen Perl modules, does Perl training and has been a contributor to The Perl Journal and The Perl Review, as well as the O'Reilly Network.
Perl OpenGL Perl OpenGL (POGL) is a portable, compiled wrapper library that allows OpenGL to be used in the Perl programming language.
Learning Perl In 2020, Kylie published a follow-up to Learning Perl titled Learning Perl Objects, References & Modules. It picks up where Learning Perl left off. In 2005, Learning Perl Objects, References & Modules was updated by Schwartz and brian d foy and re-titled Intermediate Perl which is now in its second edition as of 2012. Mastering Perl, the third book in the trilogy and follow-up to Intermediate Perl, was first published in July 2007 and is also in a second edition as of 2014.
Perl The plan to go to Perl 7 brought up more discussion, however, and the Perl Steering Committee canceled it to avoid issues with backward compatibility for scripts that were not written to the pragmas and modules that would become the default in Perl 7. Perl 7 will only come out when the developers add enough features to warrant a major release upgrade.
Perl Object Environment The Perl Object Environment or POE is a library of Perl modules written in the Perl programming language by Rocco Caputo et al.
Perl In email, Usenet, and message board postings, Just another Perl hacker (JAPH) programs are a common trend, originated by Randal L. Schwartz, one of the earliest professional Perl trainers. In the parlance of Perl culture, Perl programmers are known as Perl hackers, and from this derives the practice of writing short programs to print out the phrase Just another Perl hacker. In the spirit of the original concept, these programs are moderately obfuscated and short enough to fit into the signature of an email or Usenet message. The canonical JAPH as developed by Schwartz includes the comma at the end, although this is often omitted.
| Perl was declared death because the new Perl6, in development since 2000, wasn't there yet to get into production modes. Perl was seen as the old language without any future. | open_qa |
What type of creatures undergo Metamorphosis? | Metamorphosis Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops including birth or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's body structure through cell growth and differentiation. Some insects, fish, amphibians, mollusks, crustaceans, cnidarians, echinoderms, and tunicates undergo metamorphosis, which is often accompanied by a change of nutrition source or behavior. Animals can be divided into species that undergo complete metamorphosis (holometaboly), incomplete metamorphosis (hemimetaboly), or no metamorphosis (ametaboly).
Insect Metamorphosis in insects is the biological process of development all insects must undergo. There are two forms of metamorphosis: incomplete metamorphosis and complete metamorphosis.
Metamorphosis Some fish, both bony fish (Osteichthyes) and jawless fish (Agnatha), undergo metamorphosis. Fish metamorphosis is typically under strong control by the thyroid hormone.
Metamorphosis Scientific usage of the term is technically precise, and it is not applied to general aspects of cell growth, including rapid growth spurts. Generally organisms with a larva stage undergo metamorphosis, and during metamorphosis the organism loses larval characteristics. References to metamorphosis in mammals are imprecise and only colloquial, but historically idealist ideas of transformation and morphology, as in Goethe's Metamorphosis of Plants, have influenced the development of ideas of evolution.
Metamorphosis All three categories of metamorphosis can be found in the diversity of insects, including no metamorphosis (ametaboly), incomplete or partial metamorphosis (hemimetaboly), and complete metamorphosis (holometaboly). While ametabolous insects show very little difference between larval and adult forms (also known as direct development), both hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects have significant morphological and behavioral differences between larval and adult forms, the most significant being the inclusion, in holometabolus organisms, of a pupal or resting stage between the larval and adult forms.
Metamorphosis The earliest insect forms showed direct development (ametabolism), and the evolution of metamorphosis in insects is thought to have fuelled their dramatic radiation (1,2). Some early ametabolous true insects are still present today, such as bristletails and silverfish. Hemimetabolous insects include cockroaches, grasshoppers, dragonflies, and true bugs. Phylogenetically, all insects in the Pterygota undergo a marked change in form, texture and physical appearance from immature stage to adult. These insects either have hemimetabolous development, and undergo an incomplete or partial metamorphosis, or holometabolous development, which undergo a complete metamorphosis, including a pupal or resting stage between the larval and adult forms.
Animal embryonic development In most animals organogenesis, along with morphogenesis, results in a larva. The hatching of the larva, which must then undergo metamorphosis, marks the end of embryonic development.
Hamadryas (butterfly) Cracker butterflies undergo metamorphosis just like any other species of Lepidoptera, but lay their eggs only on the host plants that are members of the euphorbia family, Dalechampia spp.
Metamorphosis Most other bony fish undergo metamorphosis initially from egg to immotile larvae known as sac fry (fry with a yolk sac), then to motile larvae (often known as fingerlings due to them roughly reaching the length of a human finger) that have to forage for themselves after the yolk sac resorbs, and then to the juvenile stage where the fish progressively start to resemble adult morphology and behaviors until finally reaching sexual maturity.
Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus During metamorphosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration occur. Metamorphosis is triggered by unknown cues from bacteria found on the hermit crab shell. After metamorphosis, the single polyp grows and extends its stolonal network and can reach adult size fairly quickly. The animal can complete its whole life cycle in 2–3 months.
| Some insects, fish, amphibians, mollusks, crustaceans, cnidarians, echinoderms, and tunicates undergo metamorphosis | closed_qa |
What is "A Song of Ice and Fire"? | A Song of Ice and Fire Roleplaying A Song of Ice and Fire Roleplaying is an adaptation of the A Song of Ice and Fire novel series. The game uses Green Ronin's Chronicle System.
A Song of Ice and Fire Roleplaying A Song of Ice and Fire Roleplaying is a role-playing game published by Green Ronin Publishing in 2009.
Osha (A Song of Ice and Fire) George R. R. Martin intends to reintroduce Osha and Rickon in the A Song of Ice and Fire series, either in The Winds of Winter or A Dream of Spring.
A Song of Ice and Fire fandom The A Song of Ice and Fire fandom is an international and informal community of people drawn together by George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire book series, the HBO television series Game of Thrones, and the related merchandise.
A Song of Ice and Fire Books in the A Song of Ice and Fire series are first published in hardcover and are later re-released as paperback editions. In the UK, Harper Voyager publishes special slipcased editions. The series has also been translated into more than 30 languages. All page totals given below are for the US first editions.
A Song of Ice and Fire fandom Ice and Fire Con (also known as A Con of Ice and Fire and A Convention of Ice and Fire) is a North American convention held annually in Mount Sterling, Ohio that celebrates George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire fantasy book series, as well as HBO's Game of Thrones television adaptation.
Gilly (A Song of Ice and Fire) Gilly is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin, and its television adaptation Game of Thrones.
World of A Song of Ice and Fire The fictional world in which the A Song of Ice and Fire novels by George R. R. Martin take place is divided into several continents, known collectively as The Known World.
Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire Two blogs, Inn at the Crossroads and Cooking Ice and Fire, are dedicated to recreating the dishes described in the novels. Cooking Ice and Fire went defunct in early 2012.
A Song of Ice and Fire The 300 pages removed from the A Game of Thrones manuscript served as the opening of the second book, entitled A Clash of Kings. It was released in February 1999 in the United States, with a manuscript length (without appendices) of 1184 pages. A Clash of Kings was the first book of the A Song of Ice and Fire series to make the best-seller lists, reaching 13 on The New York Times Best Seller list in 1999. After the success of The Lord of the Rings films, Martin received his first inquiries to the rights of the A Song of Ice and Fire series from various producers and filmmakers.
| "A Song of Ice and Fire" is a medieval fantasy book series created by an American author George R.R. Martin who has been coined the American J.R.R. Tolkien.
It consists of five books published so far:
- "A Game Of Thrones"
- "A Clash Of Kings"
- "A Storm of Swords"
- "A Feast for Crows"
- "A Dance with Dragons"
The series remains unfinished with the last two books in the series still unpublished:
- "The Winds Of Winter"
- "A Dream Of Spring" | general_qa |
Who was Margaret Thatcher? | Margaret Thatcher Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher (; 13 October 19258 April 2013) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was the first female British prime minister and the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century. As prime minister, she implemented economic policies that became known as Thatcherism. A Soviet journalist dubbed her the Iron Lady, a nickname that became associated with her uncompromising politics and leadership style.
Culture of the United Kingdom Robert Walpole is generally regarded as the first British Prime Minister (1721–1742). Twice Prime Minister, Sir Robert Peel, founded the Conservative party (which was expanded by Benjamin Disraeli), and created the modern police force. Margaret Thatcher was the first female British Prime Minister (1979–1990). She became known as the Iron Lady, a term coined by a Soviet journalist for her uncompromising politics and leadership style. In 1938, Neville Chamberlain believed he had secured Peace for our time with Germany, a year before WWII broke out.
Premiership of Margaret Thatcher Margaret Thatcher's term as the prime minister of the United Kingdom began on 4 May 1979 when she accepted an invitation of Queen Elizabeth II to form a government, and ended on 28 November 1990 upon her resignation. She was elected to the position in 1979, having led the Conservative Party since 1975, and won landslide re-elections in 1983 and 1987. She gained intense media attention as Britain's first female prime minister, and was the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century. Her premiership ended when she withdrew from the 1990 Conservative leadership election.
Electoral history of Margaret Thatcher This is a summary of the electoral history of Margaret Thatcher, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Finchley from 1959 to 1992.
Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present) Margaret Thatcher was the dominant political force of the late twentieth century, often compared to Churchill and David Lloyd George for her transformative agenda commonly referred to as Thatcherism. She was Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990, and Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990. She was often called the Iron Lady for her uncompromising politics and leadership style.
Records of members of parliament of the United Kingdom The first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom was Margaret Thatcher who served as PM from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. Margaret Thatcher was also the first woman to hold one of the Great Offices of State.
Cultural depictions of Margaret Thatcher Margaret Thatcher was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990. Her portrayal in the arts and popular culture has been mixed. In the words of one critic she attracted musical opprobrium like no other British political leader. Such opinion is divergent from mainstream opinion polling which tends to place her as the most popular British prime minister since Winston Churchill.
Denis Thatcher In February 1949, at a Paint Trades Federation function in Dartford, he met Margaret Hilda Roberts, a chemist and newly-selected parliamentary candidate. When she met Denis for the first time she described him as not a very attractive creature and very reserved but quite nice. They married on 13 December 1951, at Wesley's Chapel in City Road, London; the Robertses were Methodists. Margaret Thatcher was elected Leader of the Conservative Party in 1975 and went on to win the 1979 general election to become the first female prime minister in British history. Denis became the first husband of a British prime minister.
Feminism in the United Kingdom When Margaret Thatcher (who had been the first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990) died the then Leader of the Opposition, Ed Miliband paid tribute to her as the first woman Prime Minister. However Thatcher received scant credit from feminists for breaking the ultimate glass ceiling, because she herself avoided feminism, and expressed an intensely masculine style.
1990 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours The 1990 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours were officially announced in the London Gazette of 21 December 1990 and marked the resignation of the Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher, who had stepped down from the role in November that year after more than 11 years in office and nearly 16 years as Leader of the Conservative Party.
| Margaret Thatcher was the first woman to be elected prime minister of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, serving in this role from her first election victory in 1979 until she was forced out of office by members of her own party in 1990. During this time she transformed the economic situation in the United Kingdom by introducing economic policies intended to reverse high inflation and weak growth. By constraining the power of trades unions and overseeing extensive deregulation and privatisation, Thatcher helped to create a period of extended growth and economic success. Together with Ronald Reagan, she was also instrumental in recognising and supporting the opportunity to end communist rule in the Soviet Union, where she was dubbed the 'Iron Lady', through her friendship with the Russian leader, Mikhail Gorbachev. Her legacy was to end the so-called 'post-war consensus' in the UK (characterised by high taxes, regulation and nationalisation) and to replace it with policies that encouraged free-enterprise and personal responsibility while acknowledging the importance of the welfare state, provided it was administered responsibly. Although disliked by many on the left for the way that she challenged excessive union power, she is generally acknowledged as the most important British politician of the late twentieth century. | closed_qa |
What is a console war in video games? | Console war In the video game industry, a console war describes the competition between two or more video game console manufacturers in trying to achieve better consumer sales through more advanced console technology, an improved selection of video games, and general marketing around their consoles. While console manufacturers are generally always trying to out-perform other manufacturers in sales, these console wars engage in more direct tactics to compare their offerings directly against their competitors or to disparage the competition in contrast to their own, and thus the marketing efforts have tended to escalate in back-and-forth pushes.
Console war While there have been many console wars to date, the term became popular between Sega and Nintendo during the late 1980s and early 1990s as Sega attempted to break into the United States video game market with its Sega Genesis console. Through a novel marketing approach and improved hardware, Sega had been able to gain a majority of the video game console market by 1991, three years after the Genesis’ launch. This caused back and forth competition between the two companies throughout the early 1990s. However, Nintendo eventually regained its market share and Sega stopped making home console hardware by 2001.
Console war The video game console market started in 1972 with the release of the first home console, the Magnavox Odyssey. As more manufacturers entered the market and technology improved, the market began to coalesce around the concept of console generations, groupings of consoles with similar technical specifications that vied in the consumer marketplace. Since 1972, there have been nine such console generations, with two to three dominant manufacturers controlling the marketplace as an oligopoly.
Console war While not the only console war, the rivalry between Sega and Nintendo for dominance of the North American video game market in the late 1980s and early 1990s is generally the most visible example of a console war. It established the use of aggressive marketing and advertising tactics by each company to try to gain control of the marketplace, and ended around 1995 when a new player, Sony, entered and disrupted the console space.
Console war As with most industries without a single dominant leader, console manufacturers have marketed their products in a manner to highlight them in a more favorable manner compared to their competitors', or to focus on features that their competitors may lack, often in aggressive manners. For example, console manufacturers in the 1980s and 1990s heavily relied on the word size of the central processor unit, emphasizing that games had better capabilities with 16-bit processors over 8-bit ones. This type of aggressive marketing led video game journalists to call the competitive marketing a war or battle as early as August 1988. As each new console generation emerged with new marketing approaches, journalists and consumers continued to use variations of the war language, including system wars and console wars. By the early 2000s, the term console war was most commonly used to describe heated competition between console manufacturers within any generation.
Console Wars (film) The documentary chronicles the story of how Sega stepped up to take on Nintendo during the 1990s, the console war between the two companies, and the eventual down fall of Sega during the late 90s.
Fantasy video game console A fantasy video game console (or simply fantasy console) is an emulator for a fictional video game console. In short, it aims to create the experience of retrogaming without the need to emulate a real console, allowing the developer to freely decide what specifications their fictional hardware will have.
Home video game console Sega took advantage of the newfound U.S. growth to market its Sega Genesis against the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in the early 1990s in the so-called console wars and emphasized the notion of bits as a major selling point for consumers. The consumer adoption of optical discs with larger storage capacity in the mid-1995 led many console manufactures to move away from cartridges to CD-ROMs and later to DVDs and other formats, with Sony's PlayStation line introducing even more features that gave it an advantage in the market; the PlayStation 2, released in 2000, remains the best-selling console to date with over 155 million units sold. Microsoft, fearing that the PlayStation 2 was threatening the competitive edge of the personal computer, entered the console space with its Xbox line in 2001. Internet connectivity had become commonplace by the mid-2000s, and nearly all home consoles supported digital distribution and online service offerings by the 2010s.
Console war In 1994 and 1995, there was a contraction in the video game industry, with NPD Group reporting a 17% and 19% year-to-year drop in revenue. While Sega had been outperforming Nintendo in 1993, it still carried corporate debt while Nintendo remaining debt-free from having a more dominant position in the worldwide market, even beating Sega in the North American and US market winning the 16 bit console war. To continue to fight Nintendo, Sega's next console was the Sega Saturn, first released in November 1994 in Japan. It brought in technology used by Sega's arcade games that used 3d polygonal graphics, and launch titles featured home versions of these arcade games including Virtua Fighter. While Virtua Fighter was not a pack-in game, sales of the title were nearly 1:1 with the console in Japan. Sega, recognizing that they had numerous consoles with disparate games they were now trying to support, decided to put most of their attention onto the Saturn line going forward, dropping support for the Genesis despite its sales still being strong in the United States at the time.
Console war By this point, the console war between Nintendo and Sega had evaporated, with both companies now facing Sony as their rival. Sega made one more console, the Dreamcast, which had a number of innovative features including a built-in modem for online connectivity, but the console's lifespan was short-lived in part due to the success of Sony's next product, the PlayStation 2, one of the best-selling home consoles of all time. Sega left the home console hardware business in 2001 to focus on software development and licensing. Nintendo remains a key player in the home console business, but more recently has taken a blue ocean strategy approach to avoid competing directly with Sony or Microsoft on a feature-for-feature basis with consoles like the Wii, Nintendo DS, and Nintendo Switch.
| The video game console market started in 1972 with the release of the first home console, the Magnavox Odyssey. As more manufacturers entered the market and technology improved, the market began to coalesce around the concept of console generations, groupings of consoles with similar technical specifications that vied in the consumer marketplace. Since 1972, there have been nine such console generations, with two to three dominant manufacturers controlling the marketplace as an oligopoly.
As with most industries without a single dominant leader, console manufacturers have marketed their products in a manner to highlight them in a more favorable manner compared to their competitors', or to focus on features that their competitors may lack, often in aggressive manners. For example, console manufacturers in the 1980s and 1990s heavily relied on the word size of the central processor unit, emphasizing that games had better capabilities with 16-bit processors over 8-bit ones. This type of aggressive marketing led video game journalists to call the competitive marketing a "war" or "battle" as early as August 1988. As each new console generation emerged with new marketing approaches, journalists and consumers continued to use variations of the "war" language, including "system wars" and "console wars". By the early 2000s, the term "console war" was most commonly used to describe heated competition between console manufacturers within any generation.
While not the only console war, the rivalry between Sega and Nintendo for dominance of the North American video game market in the late 1980s and early 1990s is generally the most visible example of a console war. It established the use of aggressive marketing and advertising tactics by each company to try to gain control of the marketplace, and ended around 1995 when a new player, Sony, entered and disrupted the console space.
The United States video game industry suffered a severe market crash in 1983 from numerous factors which led to a larger market recession and increasing popularity of personal computers as a video game platform. A key contributing factor to the crash was the loss of publishing control for console games. Early success by some of the first third-party developers like Activision for the Atari VCS console led to venture capitalists bringing in teams of inexperienced programmers to try to capture the same success, but only managed to flood the market with poor quality games, which made it difficult for good quality games to sell. The video game crash impacted other factors in the industry that were already in decline, such as video game arcades.
In Japan, Nintendo had released its Famicom (Family Computer) console in 1983, one of the first consoles of the third generation or the "8-bit" generation. Japan did not have a similar third-party development system in place, and Nintendo maintained control on the manufacturing of game cartridges for the Famicom using a licensing model to limit which third-party games were published on it. The Famicom did launch with a technical fault that Nintendo scrambled to fix, but by the end of 1984, the Famicom was the best-selling console in Japan. Nintendo looked to release the unit in the United States, but recognized that the market was still struggling from the 1983 crash. Nintendo took several steps to redesign the Famicom prior to a United States launch. It was made to look like a VCR unit rather than a console, and was given the name the "Nintendo Entertainment System" to distance it from being a video game console. Further, Nintendo added a special 10NES lockout system that worked as a lock-and-key system with game cartridges to further prevent unauthorized games from being published for the system and avoid the loss of publishing control that had caused the 1983 crash. The NES revitalized the U.S. video game industry and established Nintendo as the dominant name in video game consoles over Atari. In lifetime sales, the NES had sold nearly 62 million units worldwide, with 34 million in North America.
At the same time, Sega was looking to get into the video game console industry as well, having been a successful arcade game manufacturer, but due to the downturn in arcade game business, looked to use that expertise for the home market. They released the SG-1000 console in Japan the same day as the Famicom in 1983, but sold only 160,000 units of the SG-1000 in its first year.
Sega redesigned the SG-1000 twice to try to build a system to challenge Nintendo's dominance; the SG-1000 Mark II remained compatible with the SG-1000 but failed to gain any further sales. The next iteration, the Sega Mark III, was released in 1985, using Sega's arcade hardware for its internals to provide more refined graphics. The console was slightly more powerful than the Famicom, and Sega's marketing attempted to push on the more advanced graphics their system offered over the Famicom. However, Sega found that Nintendo had also contracted other developers to only develop their games exclusive to the Famicom, and Sega was forced to develop their own titles or to port the games from the other developers themselves, limiting the size of the Mark III's library in Japan. Sega attempted to follow Nintendo with a worldwide release of the Mark III, rebranded as the Master System. The Master System was released in the United States in 1986, but Nintendo had similar licensing practices in the U.S. to keep developers exclusive to the NES, limiting the library of games that Sega could offer and to also ensure that another gaming crash didn't begin. Further, Sega's third-party distributor, the toy company Tonka, opted against localizing several of the Japanese games Sega had created, further capping the game library Sega could offer in the U.S. Only a total estimated two million systems were sold.
The Sega and Nintendo console war primarily centered on the launch of the Sega Genesis to try to outsell the Nintendo Entertainment System in the United States.
The fourth generation of video game consoles was started by the launch of NEC's PC Engine in 1987 in Japan. While the PC Engine used an 8-bit CPU, it included 16-bit graphic rendering components, and NEC marketed this heavily as a 16-bit game console to distinguish it from the Famicom and Mark III; when NEC brought the PC Engine worldwide, it was rebranded as the "TurboGrafx-16" to emphasize this. After the release of the TurboGrafx-16, use of the bit designation caught on. Which led manufacturers to focus their advertising heavily on the number of bits in a console system for the next two console generations.
NEC was another competitor to Sega and Nintendo. Following a similar path they had done for the Mark III, Sega used their arcade game technology, now using 16-bit processor boards, and adapted those into a home console, released in Japan in October 1988 as the Mega Drive. Compared to its prior consoles, the Mega Drive was designed to be more mature-looking and less like a toy compared to the Famicom to appeal to an older demographic of gamers, and "16-bit" was emblazoned on the console's case to emphasize this feature. While the system was positively received by gaming magazines like Famitsu, it was overshadowed by the release a week prior of Super Mario Bros. 3 for the Famicom.
As with the Master System, Sega also planned for a major push of the Mega Drive into the United States to challenge Nintendo's dominance among other markets, with the unit rebranded as the Sega Genesis. Sega was dissatisfied with Tonka's handling of the Master System and so sought a new partner through the Atari Corporation led by Jack Tramiel. Tramiel was bullish on the Genesis due to its cost, and turned down the offer, instead focusing more on the company's computer offerings. Sega instead used its dormant Sega of America branch to run a limited launch of the console in August 1989 in test markets of New York City and Los Angeles, with its launch system being bundled with the port of the arcade game Altered Beast.
In October 1989, the company named former Atari Entertainment Electronics Division president Michael Katz as CEO of Sega of America to implement a marketing strategy for a nation-wide push of the Genesis with a target of one million consoles. Katz used a two-prong strategy to challenge Nintendo. The first was to stress the arcade-like capabilities of the Genesis with the capabilities of games like Altered Beast compared to the simpler 8-bit graphics of the NES, and devising slogans such as "Genesis does what Nintendon't."Katz also observed that Nintendo still held most of the rights to arcade game ports for the NES, so the second part of his strategy was to work with the Japanese headquarters of Sega to pay celebrities for their naming rights for games like Pat Riley Basketball, Arnold Palmer Golf, Joe Montana Football, and Michael Jackson's Moonwalker.
Most of these games were developed by Sega's Japanese programmers, though notably, Joe Montana Football had originally been developed by Mediagenic, the new name for Activision after it had become more involved in publishing and business application development alongside games. Mediagenic had started a football game which Katz wanted to brand under Joe Montana's name, but unknown to Katz at the time, the game was only partially finished due to internal strife at Mediagenic. After the deal had been completed and Katz learned of this, he took the game to Electronic Arts. Electronic Arts had already made itself a significant force in the industry as they had been able to reverse engineer the cartridge format for both the NES and the Genesis, though Electronic Arts' CEO Trip Hawkins felt it was better for the company to develop for the Genesis. Electronic Arts used their reverse engineering knowledge as part of their negotiations with Sega to secure a freer licensing contract to develop openly on the Genesis, which proved beneficial for both companies. At the time Katz had secured Mediagenic's Joe Montana football, Electronic Arts was working on its John Madden Football series for personal computers. Electronic Arts was able to help bring Joe Montana Football, more as an arcade title compared to the strategic John Madden Football, to reality, as well as bringing John Madden Football over as a Genesis title.
The second push in 1991
The Genesis still struggled in the United States against Nintendo, and only sold about 500,000 units by mid-1990. Nintendo had released Super Mario Bros. 3 in February 1990 which further drove sales away from Sega's system. Nintendo themselves did not seem to be affected by either Sega's or NEC's entry into the console market. Sega's president Hayao Nakayama wanted the company to develop an iconic mascot character and build a game around it as one means to challenge Nintendo's own Mario mascot. Company artist Naoto Ohshima came up with the concept of Sonic the Hedgehog, a fast anthropomorphic character with an "attitude" that would appeal to teenagers and incorporating the blue color of Sega's logo, and Yuji Naka helped to develop the game Sonic the Hedgehog to showcase the character as well as the graphics and processing speed of the Genesis.The game was ready by early 1991 and launched in North America in June 1991.
Separately, Sega fired Katz and replaced him with Tom Kalinske as Sega of America's new CEO in mid-1990. Kalinske had been president of Mattel and did not have much experience in video games but recognized the razor and blades model, and developed a new strategy for Sega's push to challenge Nintendo's dominance in America with four key decisions, which included cutting the price of the Genesis from $189 to $149, and continue the same aggressive marketing campaigns to make the Genesis look "cool" over the NES and of Nintendo's upcoming Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES). Further, Kalinske pushed hard for American developers like Electronic Arts to create games on the Genesis that would better fit American preferences, particularly sports simulation games which the console had gained a reputation for. Finally, Kalinske insisted on making Sonic the Hedgehog the bundled game on the system following its release in June 1991, replacing Altered Beast and even offering those that had purchased a Genesis with Altered Beast a trade-in replacement for Sonic.
Under Kalinske, Sega also revamped their advertising approach, aiming for more of a young adult audience, as Nintendo still was positioning the SNES as a child-friendly console. Advertising focused on Sonic, the edgier games in the Genesis library, and its larger library of sports games which appealed to this group. Television ads for the Genesis and its games ended with the "Sega Scream" – a character shouting the name "Sega" to the camera in the final shot – which also caught on quickly.
These changes, all predating the SNES's planned North American release in September 1991, gave Sega its first gain on Nintendo in the U.S. market. Further, the price cut to $149 made the Genesis a cheaper option than the planned $199 price for the SNES led many families to purchase the Genesis instead of waiting for the SNES. The Genesis had a larger library of games for the U.S. with over 150 titles by the time the SNES launched alongside eight games, and Sega continued to push out titles that drew continuous press throughout the year, whereas with the SNES, its game library was generally held up by flagship Mario and Zelda games that only came at out once a year, along with less which further made the Genesis a more desirable option.
For Nintendo, up until 1991, they had been passive towards Sega's approach in North America, but as the SNES launch approach, the company recognized that they were losing ground. The company shifted their advertising in North America to focus on more of the advanced features of the SNES that were not present in the Genesis, such as its Mode 7 to create simulated 3D perspective effects.The initial shipment of one million SNES units sold out quickly and a total of 3.4 million SNES were sold by the end of 1991, a record for a new console launch, but the Genesis maintained strong sales against the SNES. The Genesis's resilience against the SNES led several of Nintendo's third-party developers to break their exclusive development agreements with Nintendo and seek out licenses to also develop for Genesis. Including Acclaim, Konami, Tecmo, Taito, and Capcom. The latter of which arranged to have a special licensing mechanism with Sega, allowing them to publish select titles exclusively for the Genesis.
During this period, the push for marketing by both Nintendo and Sega led to the growth of video game magazines. Nintendo had already established Nintendo Power in 1988 in part to serve as a help guide for players on its popular titles, and was able to use this further to advertise the SNES and upcoming games. Numerous other titles grew in the late 1980s and early 1990s, giving Sega the opportunity to market its games heavily in these publications.
The war escalates in 1992 and 1993
Nintendo publicly acknowledged that it knew it was no longer in the dominant position in the console market by 1992. A year into the SNES's release, the SNES's price was lowered to $149 to match the Genesis, to which Sega reduced the Genesis to $129 shortly after. The SNES was helped by Capcom's decision to maintain exclusivity of its home port of its popular brawler arcade game Street Fighter II: The World Warrior to the SNES when it was released in June 1992. While the SNES outsold the Genesis in the U.S. in 1992. the Genesis still had a larger install base. By the start of 1993, the Genesis had captured about 55% of the market, a stark contrast to 1990 when Nintendo had controlled 90% of the market.
The success of Street Fighter II both as an arcade game and as a home console title led to the growth of the fighting game genre, and numerous variations from other developers followed. Of significant interest was Midway's Mortal Kombat, released to arcades in 1992. Compared to most other fighting games at the time, Mortal Kombat was much more violent. The game showed combatants’ blood splatter during combat and allowed players to end matches in graphically intense "fatalities.” Because of its controversial style and gameplay, the game proved extremely popular in arcades.
By 1993, Both Nintendo and Sega recognized the need to have Mortal Kombat on their consoles. However, Nintendo, fearing issues with the game’s violence, licensed a “clean” version of the game from Acclaim for the SNES. Which included replacing the blood splatter with sweat and removing the aforementioned fatalities. Sega also licensed a censored version of the game for the Genesis. However, players could enter a cheat code that reverted the game back to its original arcade version. Both home versions were released in September, and approximately 6.5 million units were sold over the game’s lifetime. But the Genesis version was more popular with three to five times more sales than its SNES counterpart.
External video
video icon C-SPAN footage of the first congressional hearing on December 9, 1993.
The popularity of the home console version of Mortal Kombat, coupled with other moral panics in the early 1990s, led to concerns from parents, activists and lawmakers in the United States, leading up to the 1993 congressional hearings on video games first held in December. Led by Senators Joe Lieberman and Herb Kohl, the Senate Committees on Governmental Affairs and the Judiciary brought several of the video game industry leaders, including Howard Lincoln, vice president of Nintendo of America, and Bill White, vice president of Sega of America, to discuss the way they marketed games like Mortal Kombat and Night Trap on consoles to children. Lincoln and White accused each other's companies of creating the issue at hand. Lincoln stated that Nintendo had taken a curated approach to selecting games for their consoles, and that violent games had no place in the market. White responded that Sega purposely was targeting an older audience than Nintendo, and had created a ratings system for its games that it had been trying to encourage the rest of the industry to use; further, despite Nintendo's oversight, White pointed out that there were still many Nintendo titles that incorporated violence.With neither Lincoln nor White giving much play, Lieberman concluded the first hearing with a warning that the industry needs to come together with some means to regulate video games or else Congress would pass laws to do this for them.
By the time of the second hearing in March 1994, the industry had come together to form the Interactive Digital Software Association (today the Entertainment Software Association) and were working to establish the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB), a ratings panel, which ultimately was introduced by September 1994. Despite Sega offering its ratings system as a starting point, Nintendo refused to work with that as they still saw Sega as their rival, requiring a wholly new system to be created. The ESRB eventually established a form modelled off the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA)'s rating system for film, and the committee was satisfied with the proposed system and allowed the video game industry to continue without further regulations.
The arrival of Sony and the end of the war
The Sega Saturn (top) and Nintendo 64 (middle) struggled against Sony's newcomer, the PlayStation, which ultimately ended Sega and Nintendo's console war.
In 1994 and 1995, there was a contraction in the video game industry, with NPD Group reporting a 17% and 19% year-to-year drop in revenue. While Sega had been outperforming Nintendo in 1993, it still carried corporate debt while Nintendo remained debt-free from having a more dominant position in the worldwide market, even beating Sega in the North American and US market winning the 16 bit console war. To continue to fight Nintendo, Sega's next console was the Sega Saturn, first released in November 1994 in Japan. It brought in technology used by Sega's arcade games that used 3d polygonal graphics, and launch titles featured home versions of these arcade games including Virtua Fighter. While Virtua Fighter was not a pack-in game, sales of the title were nearly 1:1 with the console in Japan. Sega, recognizing that they had numerous consoles with disparate games they were now trying to support, decided to put most of their attention onto the Saturn line going forward, dropping support for the Genesis despite its sales still being strong in the United States at the time.
At the same time, a new competitor in the console marketplace emerged, Sony Computer Entertainment, with the introduction of the PlayStation in December 1994. Sega, aware of Sony's potential competition in Japan, made sure to have enough Saturns ready for sale on the day the PlayStation first shipped as to overwhelm Sony's offering.
Both Sega and Sony turned to move these units to the North American market. With the formation of the ISDA, a new North American tradeshow, the Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3) was created in 1995 to focus on video games, to distinguish it from the Consumer Electronics Show (CES), which covered all home electronics. Nintendo, Sega and Sony gave their full support to E3 in 1995. Sega believed they had the stronger position going into E3 over Sony, as gaming publications, comparing the Saturn to the PlayStation, rated the Saturn as the better system. At the first E3 in May 1995, Sega's Kalinske premiered the North American version of the Saturn, announced its various features and its selling price of $399, and said that while it would officially launch that same day, they had already sent a number of systems to selected vendors for sale. Sony's Olaf Olafsson of Sony Electronic Publishing began to cover the PlayStation features, then invited Steve Race, president of Sony Computer Entertainment America to the stage. Race stated the launch price of the PlayStation, "$299", and then left to "thunderous applause". The surprise price cut caught Sega off-guard, and, in addition to several stores pulling Sega from their lineup due to being shunned from early Saturn sales, the higher price point made it more difficult for them to sell the system. When the PlayStation officially launched in the United States in September 1995, its sales over the first two days exceeded what the Saturn had sold over the prior five months. Because Sega had invested heavily on Saturn into the future, Sony's competition drastically hurt the company's finances.
In the case of Nintendo, they bypassed the 32-bit CPU and instead their next offering was the Nintendo 64, a 64-bit CPU console first released in June 1996. While this gave them powerful capabilities such as 3D graphics to keep up and surpass those on the Saturn and PlayStation, it was still a cartridge-based system limiting how much information could be stored for each game. This decision ultimately cost them Square Soft who moved their popular Final Fantasy series over to the PlayStation line to take advantage of the larger space on optical media. The first PlayStation game in the series, Final Fantasy VII, drove sales of the PlayStation, further weakening Nintendo's position and driving Sega further out of the market.
By this point, the console war between Nintendo and Sega had evaporated, with both companies now facing Sony as their rival. Sega made one more console, the Dreamcast, which had a number of innovative features including a built-in modem for online connectivity, but the console's lifespan was short-lived in part due to the success of Sony's next product, the PlayStation 2, one of the best-selling home consoles of all time. Sega left the home console hardware business in 2001 to focus on software development and licensing. Nintendo remains a key player in the home console business, but more recently has taken a "blue ocean strategy" approach to avoid competing directly with Sony or Microsoft on a feature-for-feature basis with consoles like the Wii, Nintendo DS, and Nintendo Switch.
The Sega/Nintendo console war is the subject of the non-fiction novel Console Wars by Blake Harris in 2014, as well as a film adaption/documentary of the book in 2020.
Sega and Nintendo have since collaborated on various software titles. Sega has developed a biennial Mario & Sonic at the Olympics series of sports games based on the Summer and Winter Olympics since 2008 featuring characters from both the Super Mario and Sonic series, while Nintendo has developed the Super Smash Bros. crossover fighter series for numerous Nintendo properties that has included Sonic as a playable character along with other Sonic characters in supporting roles since Super Smash Bros. Brawl.
1990s handheld consoles.
A number of major handheld consoles were released on the market within about a year of each other: Nintendo's Game Boy, Sega's Game Gear, and the Atari Lynx. While the Game Boy used a monochromatic display, both the Game Gear and Lynx had colour displays. As these handheld releases were alongside the Sega v. Nintendo console war, they were also subject to heavy marketing and advertising to try to draw consumersHowever, the Game Boy ultimately won out in this battle, selling over 118 million units over its lifetime (including its future revisions) compared to 10 million for the Game Gear and 3 million for the Lynx. The Game Boy initially sold for $50 or more cheaper than its competitors, and had a larger library of games, including what is considered the handheld's killer app, Tetris, that drew non-gamers to purchase the handheld to play it.
The Hyperdimension Neptunia series of video games started as a parody of the console wars, incorporating personified consoles, developers, consumers, and other such figures within the gaming industry. | summarization |
Does structured streaming support joins? | Reynold Xin While at Databricks, he also started the DataFrames project, Project Tungsten, and Structured Streaming. DataFrames has become the foundational API while Tungsten has become the new execution engine.
Apache Spark In Spark 2.x, a separate technology based on Datasets, called Structured Streaming, that has a higher-level interface is also provided to support streaming.
Apache Spark Spark Streaming uses Spark Core's fast scheduling capability to perform streaming analytics. It ingests data in mini-batches and performs RDD transformations on those mini-batches of data. This design enables the same set of application code written for batch analytics to be used in streaming analytics, thus facilitating easy implementation of lambda architecture. However, this convenience comes with the penalty of latency equal to the mini-batch duration. Other streaming data engines that process event by event rather than in mini-batches include Storm and the streaming component of Flink. Spark Streaming has support built-in to consume from Kafka, Flume, Twitter, ZeroMQ, Kinesis, and TCP/IP sockets.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Nan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
Acoustic tweezers Acoustic streaming is a steady flow generated by a nonlinear effect in an acoustic field. Depending on the mechanisms, the acoustic streaming can be categorized into two general types, Eckert streaming and Rayleigh streaming. Eckert streaming is driven by a time-average momentum flux created when high-amplitude acoustic waves propagate and attenuate in fluid. Rayleigh streaming, also called boundary driven streaming, is forced by a shear viscosity close to a solid boundary. Both of the driven mechanisms come from a time-average nonlinear effect.
Nan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.
Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP DASH is a technology related to Adobe Systems HTTP Dynamic Streaming, Apple Inc. HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) and Microsoft Smooth Streaming. DASH is based on Adaptive HTTP streaming (AHS) in 3GPP Release 9 and on HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) in Open IPTV Forum Release 2. As part of their collaboration with MPEG, 3GPP Release 10 has adopted DASH (with specific codecs and operating modes) for use over wireless networks.
| Yes, joins are a feature supported by Apache Spark's Structured Streaming engine. The feature allows for joins between two streams of data, known as stream-stream joins. It is recommended to apply watermarking on the streams to avoid late data and ensure correctness. Stream-static joins are also supported and do not require watermarking to manage state. | general_qa |
Can you name five of the most successful professional golfers in history? | Arnaud Massy Arnaud George Watson Massy (; 6 July 1877 – 16 April 1950) was one of France's most successful professional golfers, most notable for winning the 1907 Open Championship.
Canadian Masters (golf) The winner of the Canadian Masters was awarded the George Knudson Memorial Trophy, named in memory of one of Canada's most successful professional golfers.
Carlisle Arizona Women's Golf Classic The tournament was a 54-hole event, as were most Symetra Tour tournaments, and included pre-tournament pro-am opportunities, in which local amateur golfers can play with the professional golfers from the Tour.
What Is History? Carr's opinions about the nature of historical work in What Is History? were controversial. In his 1967 book The Practice of History, Sir Geoffrey Elton criticized Carr for his whimsical distinction between the historical facts and the facts of the past, saying that it reflected an extraordinarily arrogant attitude both to the past and to the place of the historian studying it. Elton praised Carr for rejecting the role of accidents in history, but said Carr's philosophy of history was an attempt to provide a secular version of the medieval view of history as the working of God's master plan with Progress playing the part of God.
Professional Golfers' Association (Great Britain and Ireland) The PGA has strong links to Europe as a member of the PGAs of Europe and is committed to growing the game and helping ordinary golfers enjoy the game to its maximum.
Golf in Ireland The Professional Golfers' Association (Great Britain and Ireland) was founded in 1901 and is based out of The Belfry, England. It was established to professionalise careers in golf and grow the golf community in Great Britain and Ireland. The Professional Golfers' Association (PGA) initially included 70 members, later growing to over 7,500.
Ping (golf) Ping has maintained endorsement deals with many professional golfers playing on the leading tours, including Ángel Cabrera, Louis Oosthuizen, Bubba Watson, Lee Westwood and Brooke Henderson.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
James Gray (director) In an interview for Rotten Tomatoes a few years prior, Gray was asked to name five of his favorite films. He listed:
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
| Tiger Woods, Jack Nicklaus, Arnold Palmer, Sam Snead, Bobby Jones | open_qa |
Summarize Clemson University to me | Clemson University Clemson University () is a public land-grant research university in Clemson, South Carolina. Founded in 1889, Clemson is the second-largest university in the student population in South Carolina. For the fall 2019 semester, the university enrolled a total of 20,195 undergraduate students and 5,627 graduate students, and the student/faculty ratio was 18:1. Clemson's 1,400-acre campus is in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The campus now borders Lake Hartwell, which was formed by the dam completed in 1962. The university manages the nearby 17,500-acre Clemson Experimental Forest that is used for research, education, and recreation.
Clemson University Clemson University consists of seven colleges: Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences; Architecture, Arts and Humanities; The Wilbur O. and Ann Powers College of Business; Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences; Education; Engineering, Computing and Applied Sciences; and Science. U.S. News & World Report ranks Clemson University 77th for 2022 among national U.S. universities. Clemson University is classified among R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity.
Clemson University, South Carolina (CDP) Clemson University is a census-designated place (CDP) covering the Clemson University campus in Pickens County, South Carolina, United States.
Campus of Clemson University The Campus of Clemson University was originally the site of U.S. Vice President John C. Calhoun's plantation, named Fort Hill. The plantation passed to his daughter, Anna, and son-in-law, Thomas Green Clemson. On Clemson's death in 1888, he willed the land to the state of South Carolina for the creation of a public university.
Clemson House Clemson House was a hotel and later a residence hall located on the campus of Clemson University in Clemson, South Carolina, USA. It was built in 1950 and demolished by controlled implosion in 2017.
Clemson, South Carolina Clemson () is a city in Pickens and Anderson counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina. Clemson is home to Clemson University; in 2015, the Princeton Review cited the town of Clemson as ranking #1 in the United States for town-and-gown relations with its resident university. The population of the city was 17,681 at the 2020 census.
Clemson University Graduate School Clemson is a public, coeducational, land-grant, research university located in Clemson, South Carolina, United States; this small city is in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains and adjacent to Lake Hartwell, a recreational lake with a shoreline. The university is approximately two hours from each of Atlanta, Georgia and Charlotte, North Carolina, in the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson metropolitan area of over one-million people.
Tillman Hall at Clemson University Tillman Hall was nationally registered as part of Clemson University Historic District I. It is one of the few remaining buildings from Clemson University's original campus.
Littlejohn Coliseum The Littlejohn Coliseum is a 9,000-seat multi-purpose arena in Clemson, South Carolina, United States. It is home to the Clemson University Tigers men's and women's basketball teams. It is also the site of Clemson graduations and the Clemson Career Fair. It is owned and operated by Clemson University and hosts more than 150 events per year including concerts, trade shows, galas, and sporting events.
Clemson University Historic District II The Clemson University Historic District II is a collection of historic properties on the campus of Clemson University in Clemson, South Carolina. The district contains 7 contributing properties located in the central portion of the campus. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
| Clemson University is based in the upstate of South Carolina in a town called Clemson. It was founded in 1889 and is the 2nd largest university in South Carolina. Clemson University consists of seven colleges: Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences; Architecture, Arts and Humanities; The Wilbur O. and Ann Powers College of Business; Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences; Education; Engineering, Computing and Applied Sciences; and Science. Clemson ranks 77th for 2022 among national U.S. universities. | summarization |
Given this paragraph about full distance ironman competition, how far is each discipline | Ironman Triathlon A number of non-WTC full distance triathlons have been held since the mid-1990s. The limited number of WTC-sanctioned events, and the limited number of entries available per race, have combined with a growth in the sport that has created demand for these non-trademarked events. Many of them share the , , format with the Ironman triathlon. Originally, many used the Ironman name. Due to aggressive trademark protection, most of these races no longer use the word Ironman.
Ironman Triathlon The Ironman Triathlon logo is a trademark of the World Triathlon Corporation. The WTC has also registered the trademarks for Ironman, Ironman Triathlon, M-Dot, and 70.3. WTC has licensed the Ironman name for use, such as in the line of Timex Ironman wristwatches.
Ironman Australia The Ironman Australia is a yearly triathlon in May covering the Ironman distance (3.8 km swimming, 180 km cycling and 42.195 km running) on the East Coast of Australia.
Ferenc Szőnyi During this race the participants completed one full distance Ironman triathlon every day for 10 consecutive days. All together these ironmen completed 38 km swim, 1800 km bike ride and 422 km run.
World Triathlon Corporation During Fertic's tenure as VP, he created Ironman Live, an online presence of Ironman Triathlon, and transformed WTC into an event production company. In 2007, WTC undertook expansion in producing Ironman events internally, with the inaugural Ironman Louisville. This followed the launch of Ironman 70.3 events in Boise, Idaho and Providence, Rhode Island.
World Triathlon Corporation The WTC licenses the Ironman and Ironman Triathlon logo and other related marks to various corporations for use in their product lines. An example is the licensing to Timex Group USA of the Ironman Triathlon logo for use in the Timex Ironman watch line that includes the Timex Ironman Datalink series of GPS type watches.
2015 Ironman 70.3 World Championship Prior to the 2014 Ironman Boulder race, World Triathlon Corporation's CEO, Andrew Messick, announced a redistribution of prize money to help facilitate paying ten professionals deep at each race as well as awarding larger prize purses at select races across Ironman and Ironman 70.3. As part of this initiative, WTC eliminated points and prize purses for professional triathletes initially at 9 Ironman events and 11 Ironman 70.3 events in 2015, mostly occurring within North America. There are nine Ironman 70.3 races with no professional points or prize purse offered for the 2015 Ironman 70.3 Championship qualifying period.
Spencer Smith (triathlete) Smith moved on from short course Olympic-distance racing to long course and has competed in a number of full Ironman and half-iron distance races following his short course career. He finished 5th at the Ironman World Championship in Kona, Hawaii, in 1998, and 8th in 2000. He won two Ironman Distance races: Ironman Florida in 2001 and Ironman Brazil in 2002.
Ironman 70.3 The first Half Ironman branded race was Half Ironman UK, which was raced in 2001. However, prior to the launch of the 70.3 series in 2005, races were then known as Half Ironman before adopting the Ironman 70.3 label. The oldest half-iron-distance race, though not under the WTC umbrella at the time, is the Superfrog Triathlon, which began in 1979.
Krumpendorf Ironman Austria Ironman Austria has been an annual triathlon sporting event over the Ironman distance (3.86 km swimming, 180.2 km cycling and 42.195 km running) in Klagenfurt, Austria, in Carinthia, which has been held annually since 1998. The route (cycling and running) leads through Krumpendorf.
| The distances for a full ironman competition are 2.4 miles (3.9km) for the swim, 112 miles (180km) for the bike and 26.2 miles (42.2km) for the run. | closed_qa |
Why do babies cry? | The Baby Borrowers In actuality, when the show aired in the UK, few parents intervened even when their babies were extremely upset, and the nannies gave controversial advice, including letting babies cry it out. One older baby was refused a clean nappy because he had been potty-trained before the show started.
Establishment of breastfeeding Regarding the babies, breastfeeding is a special physical interaction that provides comforting, analgesic, and relaxing effects. During weaning, breastfeeding is an approach to comfort the babies when they cry at night. Even the toddler's negative feelings and discomfort can be eased by feeding with breastmilk. These show the consolation given by breastfeeding in strengthening the bonding between mothers and babies.
Cry Along with the Babies Cry Along with the Babies is an EP by American rock band The Babies, released on January 10, 2012 by New Images Records. It features acoustic demos recorded in 2010 and early 2011 by Cassie Ramone and Kevin Morby in between tours and studio recording sessions. On My Team and That Boy were later included in their second album Our House on the Hill.
Baby colic Colic is diagnosed after other potential causes of crying are excluded. This can typically be done via a history and physical exam, and in most cases tests such as X-rays or blood tests are not needed. Babies who cry may simply be hungry, uncomfortable, or ill. Less than 10% of babies who would meet the definition of colic based on the amount they cry have an identifiable underlying disease.
Pain in babies The cry response is increasingly important, as researchers are now able to differentiate between different kinds of cry: classed as hungry, angry, and fearful or in pain. Interpretation is difficult, however, depending on the sensitivity of the listener, and varies significantly between observers.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Crying Although crying is an infant's mode of communication, it is not limited to a monotonous sound. There are three different types of cries apparent in infants. The first of these three is a basic cry, which is a systematic cry with a pattern of crying and silence. The basic cry starts with a cry coupled with a briefer silence, which is followed by a short high-pitched inspiratory whistle. Then, there is a brief silence followed by another cry. Hunger is a main stimulant of the basic cry. An anger cry is much like the basic cry; in this cry, more excess air is forced through the vocal cords, making it a louder, more abrupt cry. This type of cry is characterized by the same temporal sequence as the basic pattern but distinguished by differences in the length of the various phase components. The third cry is the pain cry, which, unlike the other two, has no preliminary moaning. The pain cry is one loud cry, followed by a period of breath holding.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Big Babies Big Babies is a 2010 British comedy children's television series. The main characters are two babies (actually babies with adult heads and voices superimposed) named Brooks and Rocco, who are reluctantly dragged away from watching television to go on unpredictable adventures in the world of the everyday. However, the toys on the shelf always have concerns about what the babies are up to, and get Budge, one of their own, to tag along with the babies (which he does for his own selfish reasons).
Cry Baby (gum) Cry Babies are best known for their sour coating, which disappears shortly after the gum is chewed. The product's packaging claims that the gum remains sour for 40 seconds once chewed. The name Cry Baby stems from the rumour that the candy is sour enough to cause a person's eyes to water.
| Babies cry in order to tell us things about their needs, as it is their only form of communication. The most common reasons a baby may cry are that they are hungry, have a dirty diaper, or are tired. Babies may also cry if they are hot, cold, or uncomfortable (gas pains, itchy clothes, rash). Babies do not cry to manipulate their parents; they simply are not capable of such advanced thinking and behavior. | general_qa |
Given a reference text about Connie Passalacqua Hayman, tell me when and where taught journalism. | Connie Passalacqua Hayman Passalacqua Hayman started her soap journalism career in 1980 as an assistant to newspaper columnist Jon-Michael Reed, the first soap journalist to review soaps as theater and edit soap magazines for intelligent readers. She has since written about the daytime industry for various publications and news organizations, including Newsday, United Features Syndicate, The New York Times, Variety, the New York Daily News, TV Guide and USA Today. She was the editor of Afternoon TV magazine from 1980 to 1983, an editor for Soap Opera World and a contributor for Soap Opera Digest, Soap Opera People and others.
Connie Passalacqua Hayman Between 1995 and 2001, Passalacqua Hayman was an adjunct professor of journalism at New York University, and in 2001 she left writing full-time to earn a master's degree in education at NYU. She taught journalism at Marymount Manhattan College as an adjunct professor in the Communications Department from 2007 to 2014.
Connie Passalacqua Hayman Connie Passalacqua Hayman is an American journalist and educator. Passalacqua Hayman has written on a number of topics, but is noted for her reporting and critical analysis of daytime soap operas.
Connie Passalacqua Hayman Passalacqua Hayman left Soap Opera Weekly in 2001, later resuming writing as De Lacroix in 2006 in a blog titled Savoring Soaps for entertainment site JackMyers.com. In 2007 she launched her own soap opera analysis website, MarlenaDeLacroix.com.
Connie Passalacqua Hayman While writing for ABC's official soap magazine Episodes in 1989, Passalacqua Hayman was asked to be the critic for the new magazine Soap Opera Weekly. From its inception through 2001, she wrote critical analysis for Soap Opera Weekly under the pseudonym Marlena De Lacroix. Her column Critical Condition has been called insightful, outspoken and humorous and has been noted to have created a sensation in the soap industry.
Victoria Lord American journalist and soap opera critic Connie Passalacqua Hayman (pen name Marlena De Lacroix) briefly summed up the character role:
Karen Witter Connie Passalacqua of Soap Scoop praised her casting in the role, saying it added an actress with considerable dimension to the soap opera scene.
Soap Opera Digest Soap Opera Digest is a weekly magazine covering American daytime soap operas. It features onscreen and offscreen news about the series, interviews with and articles about performers, storyline summaries and analysis, and related promotional information. Founded in 1975, the magazine has historically included certain prime time soap operas in its coverage as well.
Soap Opera Weekly Soap Opera Weekly was a weekly magazine covering American daytime soap operas. It featured onscreen and offscreen news about the series, interviews with and articles about performers, storyline summaries and analysis, and related promotional information. Launched in November 1989 by News Corporation with Mimi Torchin as editor-in-chief, Weekly began as a sister magazine to Soap Opera Digest. News Corporation sold the magazine to K-III in 1991. K-III was renamed Primedia, and sold its magazines to Source Interlink in 2007.
Damaris Hayman Hayman was born in Kensington, London, England, the only child of Percival, a barrister, and Vera Hayman (nee Kennedy). The family relocated to Nelson in Lancashire when Hayman was still young before moving again to Cheltenham where Hayman was educated at Cheltenham Ladies' College. Until the age of eighteen, Hayman attended local drama classes before going to the Royal Academy of Music and gaining a qualification in teaching. After repertory work in the theatre, she made her film début in The Belles of St Trinian's (1954) in an uncredited role as a sixth former. The Telegraph obituary writer recalled Hayman, with her toothy, jolly-hockey-sticks, quintessentially English persona, sometimes being compared to the female star of that film, Joyce Grenfell. In a touring production of The Importance of Being Earnest she played a parlour maid and was the understudy for Margaret Rutherford, who was cast as Lady Bracknell. The two women became very close and Hayman supported Rutherford in her last years.
| Connie Passalacqua Hayman taught journalism at New York University from 1995 to 2001 and at Marymount Manhattan College from 2007 to 2014. | closed_qa |
Given a reference text about Pablo Picasso, tell me when and where he was born, why he was famous, and what his most famous accomplishment was as a professional | Pablo Picasso Pablo Ruiz Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), and the anti-war painting Guernica (1937), a dramatic portrayal of the bombing of Guernica by German and Italian air forces during the Spanish Civil War.
Pablo Picasso Picasso was born at 23:15 on 25 October 1881, in the city of Málaga, Andalusia, in southern Spain. He was the first child of Don José Ruiz y Blasco (1838–1913) and María Picasso y López. Picasso's family was of middle-class background. His father was a painter who specialized in naturalistic depictions of birds and other game. For most of his life, Ruiz was a professor of art at the School of Crafts and a curator of a local museum. Ruiz's ancestors were minor aristocrats.
Juan Larrea (poet) Immediately after hearing about the 26 April 1937 bombing of Guernica, Larrea visited Pablo Picasso in his Paris studio and urged him to make the bombing the subject for the large mural the Spanish Republican government had commissioned him to create for the Spanish pavilion at the 1937 Paris World's Fair, which resulted in Picasso's famed anti-war painting Guernica.
Vodun art It is said that Pablo Picasso was inspired by traditional West African sculpture when he made his proto-cubist painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.
Spanish Civil War Pablo Picasso painted Guernica in 1937, taking inspiration from the bombing of Guernica, and in Leonardo da Vinci's Battle of Anghiari. Guernica, like many important Republican masterpieces, was featured at the 1937 International Exhibition in Paris. The work's size (11 ft by 25.6 ft) grabbed much attention and cast the horrors of the mounting Spanish civil unrest into a global spotlight. The painting has since been heralded as an anti-war work and a symbol of peace in the 20th century.
Fundación Picasso The Fundación Picasso, also known as the Pablo Ruiz Picasso Foundation, is a foundation based in Málaga, Andalusia, Spain with the objective of promoting and promulgating the work of the artist Pablo Picasso. They are headquartered in the home on the Plaza de la Merced that was his birthplace, now the Museo Casa Natal (Birthplace Museum), one of the world's many Picasso museums.
Juan Picasso González He was the grand-uncle of the worldwide famous painter and sculptor Pablo Picasso, who was the son of one of his nieces.
Pablo Gargallo In 1907, he stayed at the artists commune Le Bateau-Lavoir in Montmartre with Max Jacob, Juan Gris and other artists. He spent his first night in the studio of his friend Picasso, whose head he modeled as a sculpture. There he was able to contemplate Picasso's seminal proto-Cubist painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. Shortly thereafter, Juan Gris introduced him to Magali Tartanson, whom he married in 1915. During this period, Gargallo was influenced by the work of Picasso.
Pablo Picasso Arguably Picasso's most famous work is his depiction of the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War – Guernica. This large canvas embodies for many the inhumanity, brutality and hopelessness of war. Asked to explain its symbolism, Picasso said, It isn't up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise it would be better if he wrote them out in so many words! The public who look at the picture must interpret the symbols as they understand them. Guernica was exhibited in July 1937 at the Spanish Pavilion at the Paris International Exposition, and then became the centerpiece of an exhibition of 118 works by Picasso, Matisse, Braque and Henri Laurens that toured Scandinavia and England. After the victory of Francisco Franco in Spain, the painting was sent to the United States to raise funds and support for Spanish refugees. Until 1981 it was entrusted to the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York City, as it was Picasso's expressed desire that the painting should not be delivered to Spain until liberty and democracy had been established in the country.
20th-century Western painting Initially influenced by Toulouse-Lautrec, Gauguin, and other late-19th-century innovators, Pablo Picasso made his first cubist paintings based on Cézanne's idea that all depiction of nature can be reduced to three solids: cube, sphere, and cone. With the painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907; see gallery) Picasso created a new and radical picture depicting a raw and primitive brothel scene with five prostitutes, violently painted women, reminiscent of African tribal masks and his own new proto-Cubist inventions. Analytic cubism, exemplified by Violin and Candlestick, Paris, was jointly developed by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque from about 1908 through 1912. Analytic cubism was followed by Synthetic cubism, characterized by the introduction of different textures, surfaces, collage elements, papier collé and a large variety of merged subject matter.
| Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born on 25 October 1881 in Málaga, Spain. He was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France. He is one of the most famous and influential artists of the 20th century because he co-founded the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, co-invented collage, and he delveoped and explored a wide variety of other styles. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), and the anti-war painting Guernica (1937), a dramatic portrayal of the bombing of Guernica by German and Italian air forces during the Spanish Civil War. | closed_qa |
From the following passage extract information on how dates were used in the Fertile Crescent. | Dried fruit Traditional dried fruit such as raisins, figs, dates, apricots and apples have been a staple of Mediterranean diets for millennia. This is due partly to their early cultivation in the Middle Eastern region known as the Fertile Crescent, made up by parts of modern Iran, Iraq, southwest Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, and northern Egypt. Drying or dehydration also happened to be the earliest form of food preservation: grapes, dates, and figs that fell from the tree or vine would dry in the hot sun. Early hunter-gatherers observed that these fallen fruit took on an edible form, and valued them for their stability as well as their concentrated sweetness.
Dried fruit The earliest recorded mention of dried fruits can be found in Mesopotamian tablets dating to about 1500 BC, which contain what are probably the oldest known written recipes. These clay slabs, written in Akkadian, the daily language of Babylonia, were inscribed in cuneiform and tell of diets based on grains (barley, millet, wheat), vegetables and fruits such as dates, figs, apples, pomegranates, and grapes. These early civilizations used dates, date juice evaporated into syrup and raisins as sweeteners. They included dried fruits in their breads for which they had more than 300 recipes, from simple barley bread for the workers to very elaborate, spiced cakes with honey for the palaces and temples.
Dried fruit The date palm was one of the first cultivated trees. It was domesticated in Mesopotamia more than 5,000 years ago. It grew abundantly in the Fertile Crescent and it was so productive (an average date palm produces 50 kg (100 lbs) of fruit a year for 60 years or more) that dates were the cheapest of staple foods. Because they were so valuable, they were well recorded in Assyrian and Babylonian monuments and temples. The villagers in Mesopotamia dried them and ate them as sweets. Whether fresh, soft-dried or hard-dried, they helped to give character to meat dishes and grain pies. They were valued by travelers for their energy and were recommended as stimulants against fatigue.
Dried fruit Figs were also extremely popular in Rome. Dried figs were added to bread and formed a major part of the winter food of country people. They were rubbed with spices such as cumin, anise and fennel seeds, or toasted sesame, wrapped in fig leaves and stored in jars. Today, major producing regions include Israel, Jerusalem, Gaza and many other Arabic countries. Dried figs are rich in vitamins, phosphorus and various other important minerals.
Dried fruit From the Middle East, these fruits spread through Greece to Italy where they became a major part of the diet. Ancient Romans consumed raisins in spectacular quantities and at all levels of society, including them as a key part of their common meals, along with olives and fresh fruits. Raisined breads were common for breakfast and were consumed with their grains, beans, and cultured milks. Raisins were so valued that they transcended the food realm and became rewards for successful athletes, as well as premium barter currency.
Dried fruit Grape cultivation first began in Armenia and the eastern regions of the Mediterranean in the 4th century BC. Raisins were produced by drying grapes in the hot desert sun. Very quickly, viticulture and raisin production spread across northern Africa including Morocco and Tunisia. The Phoenicians and the Egyptians popularized the production of raisins, probably due to the perfect arid environment for sun drying. They put them in jars for storage and allotted them to the different temples by the thousands. They also added them to breads and various pastries, some made with honey, some with milk and eggs.
Dried fruit Figs were also prized in early Mesopotamia, Palestine and Egypt where their daily use was probably greater than or equal to that of dates. As well as appearing in wall paintings, many specimens have been found in Egyptian tombs as funerary offerings. In Greece and Crete, figs grew very readily and they were the staple of poor and rich alike, particularly in their dried form.
Dried fruit Plums, apricots and peaches had their origins in Asia. They were domesticated in China in the 3rd millennium BC and spread to the Fertile Crescent where they were also very popular, fresh and dried alike. They arrived in Greece and Italy much later and were very expensive but valued in the preparation of gourmet dishes with port or stewed with honey and spices.
Dried fruit Today, dried fruit consumption is widespread. Nearly half of the dried fruits sold are raisins, followed by dates, prunes, figs, apricots, peaches, apples, and pears. These are referred to as conventional or traditional dried fruits: fruits that have been dried in the sun or in heated wind tunnel dryers. Many fruits such as cranberries, blueberries, cherries, strawberries, and mango are infused with a sweetener (e.g. sucrose syrup) prior to drying. Some products sold as dried fruit, like papaya, kiwifruit and pineapple, are most often candied fruit.
Sun-Maid Besides raisins, Sun-Maid packs a full line of dried fruit, such as figs, dates, cranberries, apples, prunes, apricots and tropical fruits. Sun-Maid also packs yogurt-covered raisins.
| The date palm was one of the first cultivated trees. It was domesticated in Mesopotamia more than 5,000 years ago. It grew abundantly in the Fertile Crescent and it was so productive (an average date palm produces 50 kg (100 lbs) of fruit a year for 60 years or more) that dates were the cheapest of staple foods. Because they were so valuable, they were well recorded in Assyrian and Babylonian monuments and temples. The villagers in Mesopotamia dried them and ate them as sweets. Whether fresh, soft-dried or hard-dried, they helped to give character to meat dishes and grain pies. They were valued by travelers for their energy and were recommended as stimulants against fatigue. | information_extraction |
What does the company Navibulgar do | Navibulgar In May 2014, Navibulgar completed its set of modern domestically built handymax ships with a deal for a Greek-owned bulker. The vessel is named Wanderlust and was originally ordered for design and building in 1997.
Navibulgar Navibulgar is a Bulgarian shipping company, the largest in the country, with a fleet of 70 vessels: 46 bulk carriers, 9 container vessels, 5 tanker and chemical vessels, and 10 combined tonnage vessels, including their new 30,700-tonne ship, which became a part of their fleet in June 2012.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
Nan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.
Nan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.
Battle of Nan'ao Island The Battle of Nan'ao island (Nan'ao Dao, 南澳岛) was a battle fought between the nationalists (Kuomintang) and the communists. Nan'ao Island (Nan'ao Dao, 南澳岛) of Swatow (now known as Shantou) remained in the nationalist hands after Guangdong fell into communist hands. On February 23, 1950, the 121st division of the 41st Army of the People's Liberation Army attacked the island. Faced with such overwhelming enemy, the defenders stood no chance and after eight hours of fighting, the communists succeeded in wiping out the entire nationalist garrison and thus taking the island. 27 nationalist troops were killed, and 1348 were captured, including the nationalist local commander, the deputy commander-in-chief of the 1st Cantonese Column Wu Chaojun (吴超骏), and the deputy commander of the nationalist 58th division Guo Mengxiong (郭梦熊). A total of 1304 firearms were also captured.
Nan'ao One Nan'ao One () is a , wide Chinese merchant ship that sank in the Sandianjin waters off the coast of Nan'ao Island, about 5.6 nautical miles from Swatow (Shantou), Guangdong, Ming China. Accidentally discovered by a group of local fishermen in May 2007, it is currently considered the first late Ming dynasty (1368–1644) ship ever found and probably the only one from the reign of the Wanli Emperor (1573–1620) that China has discovered to date. It was likely on the route from the port of Yuegang in Fujian to Manila, Spanish Philippines.
Xindian, Xiamen In the lead up to the Battle of Kuningtou in 1949, PLA forces massed at Aotou (Ao-t'ou; ), Dadeng (Tateng) and Lianhe (Lienho; ) (then part of Nan'an County).
| Navibulgar is a Bulgarian shipping company, the largest in the country, with a fleet of 70 vessels: 46 bulk carriers, 9 container vessels, 5 tanker and chemical vessels, and 10 combined tonnage vessels, including their new 30,700-tonne ship, which became a part of their fleet in June 2012. | open_qa |
How do I kick someone out of a meeting room? | Blackheath Quaker Meeting House To the west of the meeting room, a large lobby and essential services (kitchen, toilet, storage) are enclosed by a cavity wall in stock brick and have a flat roof. The brick walls are mainly plastered, but the concrete of the main meeting room is also visible, and other walls are in blockwork or exposed brick. The route between the main entrance and the meeting room involves a turn of at least 180 degrees. (In plan, the meeting room and the lobby form a large letter Q.) The sense of progress along the route is emphasised by changes in the wall angles and progressively increasing ceiling heights—and, in the original colour scheme, by paint colours that changed gradually from dark grey to white. At the end of the route lies a soaring light-filled space extending more than 7.5 m upwards.
Quiet room In another sense, a quiet room can be used to shield the surroundings from noisy work. This may be relevant, for example, if a person in an office landscape is to have a video meeting, and especially if the meeting is longer or if the person will be having an active role in the meeting. In this context, a distinction is often made between a quiet room and a meeting room; a quiet room is usually used when one person in the office is having a longer conversation, while meeting rooms are used for accommodating several meeting participants in the same room.
Hotel Interlaken Hotel Interlaken is one of the oldest hotels in Switzerland. It opened in 1323 and was originally used as a guest house of the cloister and later it was part of the administration of the region. The old court room on the first floor of the Hotel is now used as a meeting room.
Room 101 (British TV series) Room 101 is a BBC comedy television series based on the radio series of the same name, in which celebrities are invited to discuss their pet hates and persuade the host to consign those hates to oblivion in Room 101, a location whose name was inspired by the torture room in George Orwell's 1949 novel Nineteen Eighty-Four which reputedly contained the worst thing in the world. Orwell himself named it after a meeting room in Broadcasting House where he would sit through tedious meetings. It was produced independently for the BBC by Hat Trick Productions.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Roundhouse kick A semi-circular kick is a round kick to forty five degree roundhouse kick (or diagonal kick). Most popular in kick-boxing, lethwei, and muay Thai, it can be used in almost every situation.
Electronic meeting system Modern EMS organize the process of a meeting into an agenda which structures the activities of a meeting or workshop by topic, chronology and the use of a supporting tool. From the agenda, the host (facilitator) of the meeting invites (starts) the participants to contribute to the various activities. In some EMS, agendas can be copied from an existing meeting or from meeting templates.
Zadankai Meeting agendas are planned, but with autonomy and room for improvisation. Typically, a discussion meeting consists of sutra recitation and chanting daimoku, sharing of experiences and encouragement, study and guidance, and efforts at encouraging new attendees to start their Buddhist practice. There is a meeting leader whose job it is encourage discussion.
LSU Tennis Complex The facility provides six indoor tennis courts with a second floor grandstand that seats 300 covering 75,000 square feet. The complex also includes 12 lighted outdoor courts with a grandstand. The complex also offers the Tigers and Lady Tigers state-of-the-art locker rooms, a meeting room, players lounge, equipment room, coaches' offices, strength and conditioning center, satellite athletic training room and media room.
Annual general meeting An annual general meeting (AGM, also known as the annual meeting) is a meeting of the general membership of an organization.
| If you're working in an office and waiting for a meeting room to be cleared out, you can start by making your presence known by gently knocking at the door. Usually you can give the other party a few minutes to wrap up, but if they are still in the room you can make a stronger statement by cracking the door and leaving it open. If they still do not leave, you can get more assertive by entering the room or by verbally engaging them to explain that their time is up and you need the room. In a few cases the other party might need the room for critical reasons - customer escalations and interviews, in which case you might need to look for a different room to have your meeting. | general_qa |
What is sweep rowing? | Rowing (sport) Rowing, sometimes called crew in the United States, is the sport of racing boats using oars. It differs from paddling sports in that rowing oars are attached to the boat using oarlocks, while paddles are not connected to the boat. Rowing is divided into two disciplines: sculling and sweep rowing. In sculling, each rower holds two oars—one in each hand, while in sweep rowing each rower holds one oar with both hands. There are several boat classes in which athletes may compete, ranging from single sculls, occupied by one person, to shells with eight rowers and a coxswain, called eights. There are a wide variety of course types and formats of racing, but most elite and championship level racing is conducted on calm water courses long with several lanes marked using buoys.
Sweep rowing Sweep rowing is one of two disciplines of the sport of rowing. In sweep rowing each rower has one oar, usually held with both hands. As each rower has only one oar, the rowers have to be paired so that there is an oar on each side of the boat. In the United Kingdom, rowing generally refers to sweep rowing only. The term pulling was also used historically. In the other rowing discipline, sculling, each rower holds two oars, one in each hand.
Sweep rowing Sweep rowing has to be done with crews in multiples of two: pairs, fours and eights (sixes and boats longer than eight are not used in competitive racing today). Each rower in a sweep boat is on either stroke side (port) or bow side (starboard), according to which side of the boat the rower's oar extends from. In a sculling boat the oars and riggers apply forces symmetrically to the shell. While sculling boats are also in multiples of two, it is possible to have a single scull or triple scull.
Sculling Sculling is a form of rowing in which a boat is propelled by one or more rowers, each of whom operates two oars, one held in the fingers and upper palm of each hand. This contrasts with the other common method of rowing, sweep rowing, in which each rower may use both hands to operate a single oar on either the port or starboard side of the boat. Sculling is generally considered the more technically complex of the two disciplines. Sculling can either be competitive or recreational, but the watercraft used will vary between the two as the racing shells of competitive rowing are built for speed rather than stability. Racing shells are also far more expensive and fragile than what is suitable for the recreational rower; a typical racing shell sells for thousands of dollars while recreational sculling boats may cost significantly less.
Rowing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's quadruple sculls This rowing event is a quadruple scull event, meaning that each boat is propelled by four rowers. The scull portion means that each rower uses two oars, one on each side of the boat; this contrasts with sweep rowing in which each rower has one oar and rows on only one side.
Rowing at the 2002 Asian Games – Women's single sculls This rowing event is a single scull event, meaning that each boat is propelled by a single rower. The scull portion means that the rower uses two oars, one on each side of the boat; this contrasts with sweep rowing in which each rower has one oar and rows on only one side (not feasible for singles events).
Rowing at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's lightweight double sculls This rowing event is a double scull event, meaning that each boat is propelled by a pair of rowers. The scull portion means that the rower uses two oars, one on each side of the boat; this contrasts with sweep rowing in which each rower has one oar and rows on only one side. As a lightweight rowing competition, the body mass of the rowers was limited to a maximum of 72.5 kilograms each and 70 kilograms on average.
Rowing at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's lightweight double sculls This rowing event is a double scull event, meaning that each boat is propelled by a pair of rowers. The scull portion means that the rower uses two oars, one on each side of the boat; this contrasts with sweep rowing in which each rower has one oar and rows on only one side. As a lightweight rowing competition, the body mass of the rowers was limited to a maximum of 72.5 kilograms each and 70 kilograms on average.
Rowing at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's lightweight double sculls This rowing event is a double scull event, meaning that each boat is propelled by a pair of rowers. The scull portion means that the rower uses two oars, one on each side of the boat; this contrasts with sweep rowing in which each rower has one oar and rows on only one side. As a lightweight rowing competition, the body mass of the rowers was limited to a maximum of 72.5 kilograms each and 70 kilograms on average.
Concept2 Competitive events rowed on Concept2 rowing machines include the CRASH-B Sprints (which style themselves the world championship for indoor rowing), the British Rowing Indoor Championships competitions and the CrossFit Games events (including the CrossFit Open and qualifiers). Concept2 also manufactures oars for sculling and sweep rowing (under the name Dreissigacker), as well as air resistance Nordic skiing trainers (SkiErgs).
| Sweep rowing is a rowing discipline in which rowers hold one oar with both hands. | summarization |
Among those animals, what are mammals? platypus, Greenland shark, puffer fish, rattlesnake, orca, kangaroo, ostrich | Canadian Arctic tundra Notable marine species include the narwhal (Monodon monoceros), the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus), the walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) and the ringed seal (Pusa hispida).
Aega psora It has been found as an external parasite on the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus), a shark in the genus Squalus, the common skate (Raja batis), the thorny skate (Amblyraja radiata) and the barndoor skate (Dipturus laevis). Large numbers have also been found in the stomach of a Greenland shark, though whether living as a parasite or as a commensal is unclear. It was also found for the first time on the goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa) off the coast of Egypt in 2007.
Venture Arctic Greenland shark - Greenland sharks prey on fish and marine mammals and are particularly attracted to the smell of rotten meat. Their flesh is poisonous to humans and dogs when raw but is traditionally used as food for sled dogs when dried.
Beluga (sturgeon) Among all extant bony fishes, the beluga sturgeon rivals the ocean sunfish (Mola sp.) as the most massive fish and is the second-longest fish after the giant oarfish (Regalecus glesne). It is the largest freshwater fish in the world. The beluga also rivals the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) and the greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus) for the title of largest actively predatory fish.
Men Among Animals The five piece took their name Men Among Animals in 2006 after having played in a zoo in Montreal (Canada). Members of the band stated in an interview with Danish national paper Politiken that the only audience present at their concert in Montreal zoo was the animals living there. Afterwards they thought it natural to take the name Men Among Animals.
Southern sleeper shark It was formerly sometimes viewed as conspecific with either the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus), or the Pacific sleeper shark (Somniosus pacificus).
Frog shark The frog shark (Somniosus longus) is a very rare species of squaliform shark mainly found in deep water in the Pacific Ocean. It is in the sleeper shark family Somniosidae with the Greenland shark.
Blackspotted puffer The blackspotted puffer (Arothron nigropunctatus), also known as the dog-faced puffer, is a tropical marine fish belonging to the family Tetraodontidae.
Scoresby Sound Fishes of the area include Arctic char, Greenland halibut, polar cod, cuttlefish, wolf fish and Greenland shark. Aquatic mammals are dominated by seals (ringed, hooded, harbor, bearded and harp seal) which feed on fish in winter (mostly polar cod) and crustaceans in summer. Larger species include Atlantic walrus, narwhal and sometimes beluga whale. Atlantic walrus feeds on mussels, fish and ringed seals that urges ringed seals to disappear from the area when walruses stay there for prolonged periods. Narwhals consume polar cod, Greenland halibut, cuttlefish and pelegaec crustaceans.
Pacific sleeper shark Sleeper sharks are preyed on by the offshore ecotype of killer whale off British Columbia. In addition, like the Greenland shark, the parasitic copepod Ommatokoita elongata can often be observed consuming the shark's corneal tissue.
| From above, those are mammals: platypus, orca, kangaroo. Greenland shark and puffer fish are fishes, not mammals. Rattlesnake is a reptile. Ostrich is a bird. Note though orca lives in the sea and looks like big fishes, e.g. sharks, orca is in fact a mammal. | classification |
Bike or Car? | What Car? In October 2016, What Car? launched a new online car buying service called 'New Car Buyer Marketplace'. Built into the existing whatcar.com website, it lets readers buy discounted cars from dealers in their area who have signed up to a What Car? code of conduct.
Porsche Taycan In January 2021, the Taycan 4S was named Performance Car of the Year by What Car? magazine. What Car? awarded the Taycan five stars out of five in its review of the car.
What Car? In June 2012, What Car? launched an online car buying service called 'What Car Approved Used', which it claimed provides peace of mind to car buyers, by endorsing the 10 Points of Difference promoted by the National Franchised Dealers Association.
Ginny Scales-Medeiros Giving up gas transportation completely in 2007 in favor of all-electric vehicles, Scales-Medeiros starred in the documentary What is the Electric Car?. Her collaboration with Scott DuPont continued with her Co-Authoring of the book “What is the Electric Car?” along with several other celebrities such as Jay Leno and Ed Begley Jr., Jeremy Guthrie, Larry Hagman, and Fabio each writing a chapter.
What Car? In 1978, the magazine held its first Car of the Year Awards, giving advice on the best models to buy, and this has since been an annual – and eagerly awaited – feature. In 1996, the website www.whatcar.com was launched. More recently, What Car? launched another print edition in 2006, published in India every two months, which subsequently became a monthly publication.
What Car? First published in November 1973, What Car? is intended primarily as a magazine for car buyers rather than dedicated enthusiasts. In addition to first drives and group tests of the latest models, it contains an extensive buyer's guide section to help consumers choose the right car for their needs and provides tips on how to get discounts on cars.
Henri Barki Small Group Brainstorming and Idea Quality: Is Electronic Brainstorming the Most Effective Approach?<br>
What Car? What Car? is a British monthly automobile magazine and website, currently edited by Steve Huntingford and published by Haymarket Consumer Media. Other team members include deputy editor Darren Moss and test editors Will Nightingale, Neil Winn, Lawrence Cheung, Dan Jones and Max Adams. The used car editors are Mark Pearson and Oliver Young. The consumer editor is Claire Evans. The editorial director is Jim Holder.
Austin Maestro In 1993, What Car? buyers' guide section said: Yes, its old, but nowadays it's also very cheap. Popularity of noisy but economical and surprisingly rapid turbodiesel is what keeps this roomy car going.
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
| Car is always better, but bike fans will deny it.
Car has more power then Bike.
Car is more safe
Car has more feature compare to Bike | brainstorming |
Think up a creative and weird alternative way for me to protect my phone if I don't want to purchase a phone case. | But You Caint Use My Phone Jason Gubbels of Spin opined that what's most charming about But You Caint Use My Phone is how unpretentiously Badu comports herself, ever-mindful that one of her most special qualities as a vocalist remains her ability to entwine the resilient with the goofy.
But You Caint Use My Phone But You Caint Use My Phone takes its title from a line in Badu's 1997 song Tyrone. Themes of modern-day phone obsession appear throughout the project. Badu claims to have been initiated into a new frequency by listening to Toronto artists like Drake and The Weeknd, and felt incorporating that sound was totally necessary for [her] evolution.
Telefone (mixtape) I named it Telefone because I like the idea of what it means to be on the phone with someone for the very first time and all its little intricate idiosyncrasies. From the awkwardness to the laughter or various intimate conversations you can have over the phone, I want my project to be very conversational. I want people to feel like they’re on the phone with me, getting to know me better than a text message or a tweet.
Bambolino's In regards to the Bambolino's on Montrose Boulevard, the individual slices are packed in cardboard boxes that absorb the grease. During that year Houston Chronicle columnist Ken Hoffman said, That's precisely what I love about Bambolino's. You can buy slices. If I'm driving around, and I'm in the mood for pizza, I don't want to mess with a whole pie. I want a couple of slices. I want them hot. And I want them now. I don't want to wait 30 minutes. I don't want to tip some driver. I especially don't want my name, address and phone number entered in some pizza conglomerate's computer so Big Brother knows that I'm a sausage and green peppers guy. In addition to individual slices, the Montrose Boulevard Bambolino's sold entire pizzas and partially baked pizza slices.
I Don't Want to Be a Hero I Don't Want to Be a Hero is a 1987 song by the British band Johnny Hates Jazz. It reached #11 in the UK top 40 in August 1987 spending 10 weeks on the chart. It is taken from their #1 album Turn Back the Clock.
Sarcasm After a popular teacher apologizes to the class for answering his phone in the other room: I don't know if we can forgive you!
Gresso (company) In August 2009, the company introduced new Gresso Grand Monaco phone collection. The phone case was made using titanium alloy and covered with several layers of ceramic. Front and back phone panels were made from carbon. The screen was framed in a 42 carat sapphire glass.
Mobile blogging A moblog platform offers the capability to use a phone for administration, editing and writing from a phone or smartphone browser.
I Don't Want: The Gold Fire Sessions I Don't Want: The Gold Fire Sessions is primarily influenced by dancehall, reggae, traditional and contemporary African pop, and Afro-Caribbean music. Paper magazine called the album musically borderless, fiercely energizing, and as aggressively catchy as it is political. The ten songs of the album feature syncopation and keyboard bubbles, with each song cross-fading into the next one.
Ciccio Forgives, I Don't Ciccio perdona... Io no! (internationally known as Ciccio Forgives, I Don't) is a 1968 Italian comedy film directed by Marcello Ciorciolini starring the comic duo Franco and Ciccio. It is a Spaghetti Western parody of God Forgives... I Don't!.
| If you want to protect your phone but don't want to purchase a phone case, you can make your own by using marshmallows and toothpicks. Use the toothpicks to secure the marshmallows around your phone and make sure that they fit snugly around your phone. Marshmallows are a good choice since they are very soft and squishy and will absorb the impact if you drop your phone. | brainstorming |
Is there a New York Hotel in Salt Lake City | New York Hotel (Salt Lake City) It is a three-story brick building designed to have shops on the ground floor and 62 hotel rooms above. Some hotel room suites had bathrooms; there were also single rooms served by a bathroom on each floor. It was completely modern in 1906, having both steam heat and electric lights, whoopee!
New York Hotel (Salt Lake City) The New York Hotel in Salt Lake City, Utah, at 42 Post Office Pl., was built in 1906. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
New York Hotel (Salt Lake City) It was built as a luxury hotel for Orange J. Salisbury, a mining engineer and businessman who obtained patents and started the United Filter Corporation.
Radisson Hotel Salt Lake City Downtown The 381-room hotel in Downtown Salt Lake City underwent an approximately $7 million renovation in 2012. The 15-story building was completed in 1985 and was also renovated in 2019.
Grand America Hotel The Grand America Hotel is the largest hotel in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. Located at 555 South Main Street, Salt Lake City, 84111, it is one block away from Washington Square in the downtown area. It was commissioned and built in 2001 by Earl Holding, and designed by Frank Nicholson. The architect was Smallwood Reynolds Stewart and Stewart. Frank Nicholson was the Interior Designer.
Tribune Building (Salt Lake City) The Tribune Building is a historic commercial building in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
Exchange Place Historic District In addition, the original nomination for the NRHP included the Felt Building (1909), Newhouse Realty Building (1917), Boston and Newhouse Buildings (1910), Federal Building and Post Office (1906), Salt Lake Stock and Mining Exchange Building (1908), Commercial Club Building (1908), New Grand Hotel (1910), Hotel Plandome (1905), and the now-demolished Hotel Newhouse (1912). The Sullivanesque Felt Building was designed by Richard K.A. Kletting, who designed many buildings around Salt Lake City such as the McIntyre Building farther north on Main Street and the Utah State Capitol. Other buildings included in the district boundaries today include the New York Hotel (1906), which today houses Market Street Grill, and the Judge Building (1907).
Broadway Hotel (Salt Lake City) The 3-story building was designed by Bernard O. Mecklenburg and constructed in 1912. Original owners were Samuel and David Spitz. The brick building features a denticulated cornice and a prominent portico above the hotel entrance. The hotel was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982, and it is now a contributing resource of the Warehouse District.
Broadway Hotel (Salt Lake City) Salt Lake City buildings designed by architect Bernard Ollington Mecklenburg include the Broadway Hotel, Holy Cross Hospital, renamed Salt Lake Regional Medical Center, and the Mecklenburg Apartments, renamed the Maryland Apartments.
Albert Fisher Mansion and Carriage House The Albert Fisher Mansion and Carriage House, at 1206 West 200 South in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, was designed by architect Richard K.A. Kletting and was built in 1893. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.
| The New York Hotel in Salt Lake City, Utah, at 42 Post Office Pl., was built in 1906. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
It was a work of leading Salt Lake City architect Richard K.A. Kletting.
It is a three-story brick building designed to have shops on the ground floor and 62 hotel rooms above. Some hotel room suites had bathrooms; there were also single rooms served by a bathroom on each floor. It was "completely modern" in 1906, having both steam heat and electric lights.
The building is 49 feet (15 m) tall; the first/second/third floors are 14 feet (4.3 m), 10 feet (3.0 m), and 10.5 feet (3.2 m) tall, respectively.
It was built as a luxury hotel for Orange J. Salisbury, a mining engineer and businessman who obtained patents and started the United Filter Corporation. | closed_qa |
What are some good kids activities on Lake Norman, NC? | Lake Norman Lake Norman is fed by the Catawba River, and drains into Mountain Island Lake to the south. It was named after former Duke Power president Norman Atwater Cocke. Lake Norman is sometimes referred to as the inland sea of North Carolina; it offers of shoreline and a surface area of more than . Full pond at Lake Norman is above mean sea level. Interstate 77 and North Carolina Highway 150 cross Lake Norman at different points.
Lake Norman Fish on Lake Norman consists primarily of Striped Bass, Largemouth Bass, Catfish and Bluegill. Each year, anglers are drawn to the area for fishing tournaments hosted by Fishing League Worldwide. Fishing on Lake Norman has also made a substantial contribution to the local economy, as local guide services and tackle shops rely on this form of recreation.
Lake Norman Though not attracting as many people as fishing, the autumn waterfowl season attracts hunters to the area. While birds are plentiful on the lake, Lake Norman has lost popularity in the hunting community due to development around the lake as well as more strict regulations regarding hunting and firearms in North Carolina.
Lake Norman Lake Norman is a man-made lake that is long, wide, and has of shoreline. Its average depth is , but at its outlet it reaches a depth of . The lake is mainly underlain by interfingered igneous and metamorphic bedrock.
Lake Norman North Carolina's Piedmont is a region of high biodiversity, and Lake Norman is important for its diversity of birds, fish, mammals and plants. Lake Norman is the largest body of water in the Catawba River watershed and the largest lake in North Carolina. Lake Norman's shoreline has a length of and an area of more than . Lake Norman's surrounding ecology includes mesic mixed hardwood forest, dry oak-hickory forest, dry-mesic oak-hickory forest, Piedmont bottomland forest and Piedmont alluvial forest.
Lake Norman Charter School Lake Norman Charter now competes in the NCHSAA 3A level, formerly competing in the 2A level prior to 2021. Lake Norman Charter has state championships in Tennis, Cross Country, and Swimming. Lake Norman Charter's Cheer Team also known as “Charter Cheer” won NCHSAA's 2018 and 2019 State Competition. Lake Norman Charter's Golf Team is one of the most prestigious in the state and won the NCHSAA's 2021 State Competition. Women's Soccer being one of their best sports with the team being back-to-back State Champions in 2A and now 3A.
Lake Norman Charter School Lake Norman Charter's (Middle School) math team regularly competes in the AMC 8 (American Mathematics Competition) and Mathcounts.
Lake Norman State Park Lake Norman, created between 1959 and 1964 as part of the construction of the Cowans Ford Dam by Duke Power, is the largest manmade body of fresh water in North Carolina. It is fed by the Catawba River. It was named after former Duke Power president Norman Cocke. Lake Norman is sometimes referred to as the inland sea; it offers of shoreline and a surface area of more than .
Lake Norman Many native plants found around Lake Norman are also common in other parts of North Carolina, such as trees and flowering plants.
Lake Norman Duke Power partnered with the state of North Carolina to establish Lake Norman State Park. It has also built two bank fishing areas and eight public boating access areas along the shoreline. One site is leased to Mecklenburg County and one to Iredell County. Game fish in Lake Norman include catfish, crappie, bluegill and yellow perch, as well as striped, largemouth, spotted, white bass hybrids, and long-nosed gar. Lake Norman has also become home to multiple species of wildlife, including eastern box turtle, soft shell turtle, snapping turtle, black (eastern) rat snake and the Northern water snake.
| Lake Norman offers activities for a range of different ages/interests. If you're looking to spend time near the waters edge, you can visit one of the many town and state parks that border the lake: Jetton Park - Cornelius, Lake Norman State Park - Troutman, Ramsey Creek Park - Cornelius are a few options. You can also hire a boat for the day and enjoy fishing, water sports, or cruising. There are several small islands on the lake that are free for public use, where you can find small beaches to pull up and picnic/play in the sand. The water temperature of the lake during the summer months is generally warm and children should enjoy swimming and splashing in the water. | general_qa |
What theme park in the world has the highest cumulative attendance? | Disneyland Disneyland has a larger cumulative attendance than any other theme park in the world, with 757 million visits since it opened (as of December 2021). In 2018, the park had approximately 18.6 million visits, making it the second most visited amusement park in the world that year, behind only Magic Kingdom, the very park it inspired. According to a 2005 Disney report, 65,700 jobs are supported by the Disneyland Resort, including about 20,000 direct Disney employees and 3,800 third-party employees (independent contractors or their employees). Disney announced Project Stardust in 2019, which included major structural renovations to the park to account for higher attendance numbers.
Tokyo Disneyland The park has seven themed areas: the World Bazaar; the four traditional Disney lands: Adventureland, Westernland, Fantasyland and Tomorrowland; and two mini-lands: Critter Country and Toontown. Many of these areas mirror those in the original Disneyland as they are based on American Disney films and fantasies. Fantasyland includes Peter Pan's Flight, Snow White's Scary Adventures, and Dumbo the Flying Elephant, based on Disney films and characters. The park is noted for its extensive open spaces to accommodate the large crowds that visit the park. As of 2019, Tokyo Disneyland is the most visited theme park in Japan and the third-most visited theme park in the world behind Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World and Disneyland Park at the Disneyland Resort.
Disney's Animal Kingdom In 2019, Disney's Animal Kingdom hosted 13.888 million guests, ranking it as the third-most-visited theme park in North America and the sixth-most-visited theme park in the world. It is the most-visited zoo in the world. The park is the second-most-visited at Walt Disney World Resort, behind Disney's Magic Kingdom. The park's icon is the Tree of Life, a , artificial baobab tree.
Disney California Adventure According to the Themed Entertainment Association, the park hosted approximately 9.9 million guests in 2018, making it the 12th-most visited theme park in the world that year.
Magic Kingdom The park is represented by Cinderella Castle, inspired by the fairy tale castle featured in the 1950 film. In 2019, the park hosted 20.9 million visitors, making it the most visited theme park in the world for the thirteenth consecutive year and the most visited theme park in North America for at least the past nineteen years.
Disneyland Park (Paris) In 2016, the park hosted approximately 8.4 million visitors, making it the most-visited theme park in Europe and the 13th-most visited theme park in the world. The park is represented by Le Château de la Belle au Bois Dormant (Sleeping Beauty Castle), a replica of the fairy tale castle seen in Disney's 1959 animated film Sleeping Beauty.
Disney's Animal Kingdom Disney's Animal Kingdom Theme Park is a zoological theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake, Florida, near Orlando. Owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks, Experiences and Products division, it is the largest theme park in the world, covering . The park opened on Earth Day, April 22, 1998, and was the fourth theme park built at the resort. The park is dedicated and themed around natural environment and animal conservation, a philosophy once pioneered by Walt Disney.
Rail transport in Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Rail transport can be found in every theme park resort property owned or licensed by Disney Parks, Experiences and Products, one of the four business segments of the Walt Disney Company. The origins of Disney theme park rail transport can be traced back to Walt Disney himself and his personal fondness for railroads, who insisted that they be included in the first Disney park, the original Disneyland (a key component of the Disneyland Resort) in California in the United States, which opened on July 17, 1955. The Disney tradition of including transport by rail in, and adjacent to, its parks has since been extended to other Disney properties with the opening of Walt Disney World in Florida in the United States, Tokyo Disney Resort in Japan, Disneyland Paris in France, Hong Kong Disneyland Resort in China, and Shanghai Disney Resort in China. The Disney theme park chain is the largest on the planet by annual attendance with over 155 million visitors in 2019, and the rail systems located inside its properties play key roles as modes of transportation and as attractions for its visitors.
Tourism in France Disneyland Paris is France's and Europe's most popular theme park, with 15,405,000 combined visitors to the resort's Disneyland Park and Walt Disney Studios Park in 2009. In 2019, the park attracted over 9.7 million visitors, more than the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, or the Palace of Versailles. The historical theme park Puy du Fou in Vendée is the second most visited park of France. Other popular theme parks are the Futuroscope of Poitiers, Vulcania in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and the Parc Astérix near Paris.
Universal Studios Japan Over 11 million guests visited the park in its opening year, making it the fastest theme park to reach the 10 million guest milestone at the time. As of 2019, USJ is the fifth-most visited theme park in the world and the third-most visited in Japan behind Tokyo Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea.
| Disneyland, in Anaheim, California, has the largest cumulative attendance of any theme park in the world. As of December, 2021, Disneyland has had 757 million visits since it opened in 1955. Attendance in 2018 was approximately 18.6 million visits, second most visited theme park in the world behind the Magic Kingdom. It's reported that Disneyland supports 65,700 jobs, including 20,000 direct Disney employees and 3,800 third-party employees. | summarization |
List of American films of the 1890s | Lists of American films This is a list of films produced by the American film industry from the earliest films of the 1890s to the present. Films are listed by year of release on separate pages, either in alphabetical order (1900–2013) or in chronological order (2014– ).
Guitarist The first in this list is the American guitarist Jimi Hendrix, introduced by Pete Townshend, guitarist for the Who, who was, in his turn, ranked at #10 in the list.
Brainstorming In the laboratory, directed brainstorming has been found to almost triple the productivity of groups over electronic brainstorming.
The Greatest Gift The film was nominated for five Oscars and has been recognized by the American Film Institute as one of the 100 best American films ever made, placing number 11 on its initial 1998 greatest movie list and number one on its list of the most inspirational American films of all time.
Michael Curtiz filmography In 1998, the American Film Institute presented their list of the 100 Greatest American films. They revised the list in 2007. Two films directed by Michael Curtiz were included on the list both times.
Brainstorming Individual brainstorming is the use of brainstorming in solitary situations. It typically includes such techniques as free writing, free speaking, word association, and drawing a mind map, which is a visual note taking technique in which people diagram their thoughts. Individual brainstorming is a useful method in creative writing and has been shown to be superior to traditional group brainstorming.
Brainstorming According to a meta-analysis comparing EBS to face-to-face brainstorming conducted by DeRosa and colleagues, EBS has been found to enhance both the production of non-redundant ideas and the quality of ideas produced. Despite the advantages demonstrated by EBS groups, EBS group members reported less satisfaction with the brainstorming process compared to face-to-face brainstorming group members.
Brainstorming Directed brainstorming is a variation of electronic brainstorming (described below). It can be done manually or with computers. Directed brainstorming works when the solution space (that is, the set of criteria for evaluating a good idea) is known prior to the session. If known, those criteria can be used to constrain the ideation process intentionally.
Brainstorming Following these two principles were his four general rules of brainstorming, established with intention to:
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
| List of American films of the 1890s:
1890
- Monkeyshines No. 1
- Monkeyshines No. 2
- Monkeyshines, No. 3
1891
- Dickson Greeting
- Newark Athlete
1893
- Blacksmith Scene
1894
- The Dickson Experimental Sound Film
- The Barbershop
1896
- Rip's Twenty Years' Sleep
- Dancing Darkies
- McKinley at Home, Canton, Ohio
- The Kiss
1897
- The Corbett-Fitzsimmons Fight
- Peeping Tom
1899
- How Would You Like to Be the Ice Man? | brainstorming |
Given a reference text about bull sharks, tell me the gestation period for bull sharks. | Bull shark The male bull shark is able to begin reproducing around the age of 15 years while the female cannot begin reproducing until the age of 18 years. The size of a fully matured female bull shark to produce viable eggs for fertilization seems to be 175 cm to 235 cm. The courting routine between bull sharks has not been observed in detail as of yet. The male likely bites the female on the tail until she can turn upside down and the male can copulate at that point. Mature females commonly have scratches from the mating process.
Bull shark They are viviparous, born live and free-swimming. The young are about at birth. The bull shark does not rear its young; the young bull sharks are born into flat, protected areas. Coastal lagoons, river mouths, and other low-salinity estuaries are common nursery habitats.
Bull shark Bull sharks mate during late summer and early autumn, often in bays and estuaries. After gestating for 12 months, a bull shark may give birth to 1 to 13 live young.
Bull shark Bull sharks are large and stout, with females being larger than males. The bull shark can be up to in length at birth. Adult female bull sharks average long and typically weigh , whereas the slightly smaller adult male averages and . While a maximum size of is commonly reported, a single record exists of a female specimen of exactly . A long pregnant individual reached . Bull sharks are wider and heavier than other requiem sharks of comparable length, and are grey on top and white below. The second dorsal fin is smaller than the first. The bull shark's caudal fin is longer and lower than that of the larger sharks, and it has a small snout, and lacks an interdorsal ridge.
Bull shark In a research experiment, the bull sharks were found to be at the mouth of an estuary for the majority of the time. They stayed at the mouth of the river independent of the salinity of the water. The driving factor for a bull shark to be in fresh or salt water, however, is its age; as the bull shark ages, its tolerance for very low or high salinity increases. The majority of the newborn or very young bull sharks were found in the freshwater area, whereas the much older bull sharks were found to be in the saltwater areas, as they had developed a much better tolerance for the salinity. Reproduction is one of the reasons why adult bull sharks travel into the river—it is thought to be a physiological strategy to improve juvenile survival and a way to increase overall fitness of bull sharks. The young are not born with a high tolerance for high salinity, so they are born in fresh water and stay there until they are able to travel out.
Bull shark Humans are the biggest threat to bull sharks. Larger sharks, such as the tiger shark and great white shark, may attack them, but typically only target juveniles. Crocodiles may be a threat to bull sharks in rivers. Saltwater crocodiles have been observed preying on bull sharks in the rivers and estuaries of Northern Australia, and a Nile crocodile was reportedly sighted consuming a bull shark in South Africa.
Bull shark Bull sharks are able to regulate themselves to live in either fresh or salt water. It can live in fresh water for its entire life, but this does not happen, mostly due to the reproductive needs of the shark. Young bull sharks leave the brackish water in which they are born and move out into the sea to breed. Whilst it is theoretically possible for bull sharks to live purely in fresh water, experiments conducted on bull sharks found that they died within four years. The stomach was opened and all that was found were two small, unidentifiable fishes. The cause of death could have been starvation since the primary food source for bull sharks resides in salt water.
Fish migration An example of a euryhaline species is the bull shark, which lives in Lake Nicaragua of Central America and the Zambezi River of Africa. Both these habitats are fresh water, yet bull sharks will also migrate to and from the ocean. Specifically, Lake Nicaragua bull sharks migrate to the Atlantic Ocean and Zambezi bull sharks migrate to the Indian Ocean.
Bull shark Since bull sharks often dwell in very shallow waters, are found in many types of habitats, are territorial by nature, and have no tolerance for provocation, they may be more dangerous to humans than any other species of shark. Bull sharks are one of the three shark species (along with the tiger shark and great white shark) most likely to bite humans.
Bull shark The bull shark is diadromous, meaning they can swim between salt and fresh water with ease. These fish also are euryhaline fish, able to adapt to a wide range of salinities. The bull shark is one of the few cartilaginous fishes that have been reported in freshwater systems. Many of the euryhaline fish are bony fish such as salmon and tilapia and are not closely related to bull sharks. Evolutionary assumptions can be made to help explain this sort of evolutionary disconnect, one being that the bull shark encountered a population bottleneck that occurred during the last ice age. This bottleneck may have separated the bull shark from the rest of the Elasmobranchii subclass and favored the genes for an osmoregulatory system.
| The gestation period for bull sharks is 12 months. | closed_qa |
Should I buy a house or invest in a stock market? | Stock market index In finance, a stock index, or stock market index, is an index that measures a stock market, or a subset of the stock market, that helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.
Stock market simulator A stock market simulator is computer software that reproduces behavior and features of a stock market, so that a user may practice trading stocks without financial risk. Paper trading, sometimes also called virtual stock trading, is a simulated trading process in which would-be investors can practice investing without committing money.
Stock market bubble A stock market bubble is a type of economic bubble taking place in stock markets when market participants drive stock prices above their value in relation to some system of stock valuation.
Stock promoter A stock promoter is a firm or person who promotes a stock, seeking to induce potential investors to buy it as part of an IPO or in the secondary market.
Stock market crash A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of stock prices across a major cross-section of a stock market, resulting in a significant loss of paper wealth. Crashes are driven by panic selling and underlying economic factors. They often follow speculation and economic bubbles.
Stock market A stock market crash is often defined as a sharp dip in share prices of stocks listed on the stock exchanges. In parallel with various economic factors, a reason for stock market crashes is also due to panic and investing public's loss of confidence. Often, stock market crashes end speculative economic bubbles.
Stock market simulator Some stock market games are not based on financial markets at all. These virtual stock markets are often based on things like sports or entertainment 'stocks'. Players are asked to invest in a particular sports team for example. If the team is doing well, the stock goes up and if the team is playing badly the stock value for that team falls. Stock market games are often built into many other prediction games.
Video Stock Market Video Stock Market is a game in which stock market trading is simulated in an investment strategy game.
Alpha Indexes A general prescription for investors without a strong knowledge about the performance of individual stocks is to invest in a well-diversified portfolio, reallocate wealth occasionally to reflect risk tolerance, and avoid market timing. But many stock portfolio managers are stock-pickers and/or asset allocators as they attempt to find underpriced and overpriced stocks and/or asset classes that will beat a well-diversified benchmark. Thus investment management requires comparing the performance of individual securities and security portfolio relative to each other. The indirect method to trade relative performance is pairs trading which requires having a long/ short position in a stock and short/ long position in the market, or buying call and put options in the stock and the market. For example, if an investor believes that AAPL will outperform the market, he/ she will buy the stock and sell the market. But this position could result in unlimited downside with the investor losing money on both the stock and the market. To limit this downside, the investor could instead buy a call on the stock and a put on the market, but this would require unnecessary payment for the market volatility embedded in the stock option premium. A better and cost-effective way is to trade relative performance directly using an index which measures the total return performance of a target security relative to that of a benchmark like the S&P 500.
Short-term trading Watching whether a stock is trending up or down can be a sign as to sell or buy in the short run. This is called the moving average or the average price of a stock over a specific period of time. As a stock is trending upward throughout a day or two it could be an opportunity for gains and as a stock trends downward it could be a great opportunity to short the stock. Many analysts use chart patterns in an attempt to forecast the market. Formulas and market theories have been developed to conquer short term trading. According to Masteika and Rutkauskas (2012), when viewing a stock's chart pattern over a few days, the investor should buy shortly after the highest chart bar and then place a trailing stop order which lets profits run and cuts losses in response to market price changes (p. 917-918). Historically, on average the stock markets lowest weekday is Mondays which offers a potential sale on any given stock (Lynch, 2000). Along with that, since 1950 most of the stock market's gains have occurred from November to April. Investor’s can use these known trends and averages to their advantage when trading.
| It depends on your goal. If your goal is to have your own place, then you should buy a house. If you are looking for a liquid assets that has a good potential upside, you should look into stocks. A diversified portfolio that includes stocks, real estate, gold, silver, bond etc. is preferred to non-diversified portfolios. Please consult with a financial advisor before making any financial decisions. | general_qa |
Who was the first country to win the cricket world cup in their home soil | India at the Cricket World Cup The Indian cricket team are two times World Champions. In addition to winning the 1983 Cricket World Cup, India was also first country to win Cricket World Cup on home soil in 2011. They were also runners-up at the 2003 Cricket World Cup, and semifinalists four times (1987, 1996, 2015, 2019). India's historical win–loss record at the cricket world cup is 53-29, with 1 match being tied and another one being abandoned due to rain.
History of the Cricket World Cup The 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup was the tenth Cricket World Cup. It was played in India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. India won the tournament, defeating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final at the Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, thus becoming the first country to win the Cricket World Cup final on home soil. India's Yuvraj Singh was declared the man of the tournament. This was the first time in World Cup history that two Asian teams had appeared in the final. It was also the first time since the 1992 World Cup that the final match did not feature Australia.
2011 Cricket World Cup The 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup was the tenth Cricket World Cup. It was played in India, Sri Lanka, and for the first time in Bangladesh. India won the tournament, defeating Sri Lanka by 6 wickets in the final at Wankhede Stadium in Mumbai, thus becoming the first country to win the Cricket World Cup final on home soil. India's Yuvraj Singh was declared the man of the tournament. This was the first time in World Cup history that two Asian teams had appeared in the final. It was also the first time since the 1992 World Cup that the final match did not feature Australia.
Wankhede Stadium The stadium has been host to numerous high-profile cricket matches in the past, most notably the 2011 Cricket World Cup Final, in which India defeated Sri Lanka and became the first country to win the cricket world cup on home soil. The stadium played host to the last match of Sachin Tendulkar's international career. Additionally, it hosted many matches during the 1996 and 2011 Cricket World Cups. The stadium also played host to the match in which Ravi Shastri hit six sixes in an over of Tilak Raj.
1987 Cricket World Cup officials The 1987 Cricket World Cup (also known as Reliance World Cup) was the fourth edition of the ICC Cricket World Cup tournament. It was held from October 8 to November 8, 1987, in India and Pakistan — the first held outside England on twenty-one different venues. A total of 27 matches were played in 1987 Cricket World Cup including 2 Semifinals and a Final match.
2015 Cricket World Cup squads The 2015 Cricket World Cup was the 11th Cricket World Cup, jointly hosted by Australia and New Zealand; India were the defending champions, having won the tournament in 2011. The 2015 Cricket World Cup Final took place at the Melbourne Cricket Ground, and was won by Australia, who defeated New Zealand by 7 wickets in the final.
2015 Cricket World Cup The final was between the co-hosts Australia and New Zealand. Australia won by seven wickets, to win their fifth Cricket World Cup.
1993 Women's Cricket World Cup Final The 1993 Women's Cricket World Cup was the fifth Women's Cricket World Cup. The first had been held in 1973, pre-dating the first men's Cricket World Cup by two years. The 1993 tournament featured eight teams; Australia, Denmark, England, India, Ireland, Netherlands, New Zealand and the West Indies. It took place between 20 July and 1 August, featuring 29 matches over 13 days. England had won the first World Cup on home soil, before Australia won each of the next three, beating England in the 1982 and 1988 finals.
Sachin Tendulkar Tendulkar has consistently done well in Cricket World Cups. He was the highest run scorer of the 1996 Cricket World Cup with a total of 523 runs and also of the 2003 Cricket World Cup with 673 runs. After his century against England during group stages of 2011 Cricket World Cup, he became the player to hit most centuries in Cricket World Cups with six centuries and the first player to score 2000 runs in World Cup cricket.
2007 Cricket World Cup qualification The 2007 Cricket World Cup was contested between 16 of the 97 countries that were members of the International Cricket Council at the time. The 11 teams with One-Day International status at the time of drafting qualified automatically for the World Cup. Meanwhile, the 86 other members of the ICC played off in a series of tournaments, forming the Cricket World Cup qualification process, to capture one of the remaining five spots in the World Cup.
| India was the first country to win Cricket World Cup on home soil in 2011.The Indian cricket team are two times World Champions they also won the 1983 Cricket World Cup beating then world champion West Indies. | open_qa |
Tell me about Indiana | Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
Nan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.
Nan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.
Battle of Nan'ao Island The Battle of Nan'ao island (Nan'ao Dao, 南澳岛) was a battle fought between the nationalists (Kuomintang) and the communists. Nan'ao Island (Nan'ao Dao, 南澳岛) of Swatow (now known as Shantou) remained in the nationalist hands after Guangdong fell into communist hands. On February 23, 1950, the 121st division of the 41st Army of the People's Liberation Army attacked the island. Faced with such overwhelming enemy, the defenders stood no chance and after eight hours of fighting, the communists succeeded in wiping out the entire nationalist garrison and thus taking the island. 27 nationalist troops were killed, and 1348 were captured, including the nationalist local commander, the deputy commander-in-chief of the 1st Cantonese Column Wu Chaojun (吴超骏), and the deputy commander of the nationalist 58th division Guo Mengxiong (郭梦熊). A total of 1304 firearms were also captured.
Yountsville, Indiana Yountsville is an unincorporated community in Ripley Township, Montgomery County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
Thales, Indiana Thales is an unincorporated community in Harbison Township, Dubois County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
Wesley, Indiana Wesley is an unincorporated community in Wayne Township, Montgomery County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
Prescott, Indiana Prescott is an unincorporated community in Shelby Township, Shelby County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.
| Indiana is a state in the Midwest region of the United States and has the motto "Crossroads of America" due to the large number of interstates that pass through the state. The capitol is Indianapolis, which is home to over 800,000 people. Indiana is known for its agriculture and the popularity of basketball, particularly the Indiana University Hoosiers basketball team. | general_qa |
What is a yellow or red card in soccer? | Association football The referee may punish a player's or substitute's misconduct by a caution (yellow card) or dismissal (red card). A second yellow card in the same game leads to a red card, which results in a dismissal. A player given a yellow card is said to have been booked, the referee writing the player's name in their official notebook. If a player has been dismissed, no substitute can be brought on in their place and the player may not participate in further play. Misconduct may occur at any time, and while the offences that constitute misconduct are listed, the definitions are broad. In particular, the offence of unsporting behaviour may be used to deal with most events that violate the spirit of the game, even if they are not listed as specific offences. A referee can show a yellow or red card to a player, substitute or substituted player. Non-players such as managers and support staff cannot be shown the yellow or red card but may be expelled from the technical area if they fail to conduct themselves in a responsible manner.
Association football A foul occurs when a player commits an offence listed in the Laws of the Game while the ball is in play. The offences that constitute a foul are listed in Law 12. Handling the ball deliberately, tripping an opponent, or pushing an opponent, are examples of penal fouls, punishable by a direct free kick or penalty kick depending on where the offence occurred. Other fouls are punishable by an indirect free kick.
Fouls and misconduct (association football) A yellow card is shown by the referee to indicate that a player has been officially cautioned. The player's details are then recorded by the referee in a small notebook; hence a caution is also known as a booking. A player who has been cautioned may continue playing in the game; however, a player who receives a second caution in a match is sent off (shown the yellow card again, and then a red card). Law 12 of the Laws of the Game lists the types of offences and misconduct that may result in a caution. Players can be cautioned and shown a yellow card if they commit the following offences:
Fouls and misconduct (association football) Misconduct will result in the player either receiving a caution (indicated by a yellow card) or being dismissed (sent off) from the field (indicated by a red card). A dismissed player cannot be replaced; their team is required to play the remainder of the game with one less player. A second caution results in the player being dismissed. The referee has considerable discretion in applying the Laws; in particular, the offence of unsporting behaviour may be used to deal with most events that violate the spirit of the game, even if they are not listed as specific offences.
Futsal Yellow and red cards are used in futsal. The yellow card is to caution players over their actions. If they get two, they are given a red card, which means they are sent off the field. A yellow card is shown if a player shows unsporting behavior, dissent, persistent infringement of the Laws of the Game, delaying the restart of play, failing to respect the distance of the player from the ball when play is being restarted, infringement of substitution procedure or entering, re-entering and leaving the field without the referee's permission. A player is shown the red card and sent off if they engage in serious foul play, violent conduct, spitting at another person, or denying the opposing team a goal by handling the ball (except the goalkeeper inside their penalty area). Also punishable with a red card is denying an opponent moving towards the player's goal a goal scoring opportunity by committing an offense punishable by a free kick or a penalty kick and using offensive, insulting or abusive language or gestures. A player who has been sent off must leave the vicinity of the field.
Laws of rugby union The referee may punish a player's misconduct by using penalty cards. A yellow card indicates caution, a red card indicates a player has been sent off. Players may be cautioned for foul or dangerous conduct, for persistent breaches of the same rule, or for deliberate infringement to prevent their opponents from gaining a decisive advantage. A player receiving a caution is temporarily suspended from play for ten minutes. This has become known as the sin-bin. If the same player subsequently commits a further cautionable offence, he is sent off for the rest of the game. A player can also be sent off permanently, without first being cautioned, for serious foul play.
Loofball Depending on the degree and order of offense, misconduct in loofball attracts either a verbal warning, a yellow or red card. A verbal warning carries no penalty. A yellow card carries a point penalty while a red card carries both a point penalty and disqualification. A player usually gets sanctioned in the following order: first misconduct = verbal warning, second misconduct = yellow card + point to the opposition, third misconduct = red card + point to the opposition + disqualification.
Harrow football Misconduct may occur at any time, and need not be against an opponent. Whilst the offences that constitute misconduct are listed, the definitions are broad. In particular, the offence of unsporting behaviour may be used to deal with most events that violate the spirit of the game, even if they are not listed as specific offences.
Gaelic football A dissent foul is a foul where a player fails to comply with the officials' judgment and/or instructions. The player can be cautioned (shown a yellow card), ordered off the pitch without a substitute (red card), the free kick placement moved further down-field, or in certain circumstances, the game can be terminated. The following are considered dissent fouls:
Foul (sports) Direct Free Kick is issued when an opposing player commits a foul that is careless, reckless, or any act that will cause harm to their opponent. Most fouls occur when a defender first makes contact with the player rather than the ball. This also applies to a player that handles the ball; depending on the referees decision the offender can receive further punishment (yellow or red card).
| In the game of soccer, whenever a player commits a foul, the referee can give a player a yellow card or a red card. A yellow card is a caution/warning. A red card is a dismissal and the player has to leave the field. | summarization |
What football team did Jerome Bettis play for? | Jerome Bettis Bettis is currently the host of The Jerome Bettis Show on WPXI-TV, filmed at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, airing Saturdays at 7:00 PM and 1:00 AM. He was a commentator for the NFL Network and a former NBC studio analyst for Football Night in America. Now he is an NFL analyst for different ESPN programs, such as SportsCenter.
Jerome Bettis Bettis starred in a Geico commercial in 2019, playing a running back in flag football that dominates the competition (49-0).
Jerome Bettis In week 17 of the 2005 NFL season, Bettis rushed for 41 yards and three touchdowns against the Detroit Lions. The Steelers won, 35–21, and thanks to Bettis's three touchdowns, they clinched a playoff berth. When Bill Cowher pulled Bettis from the game late in the fourth quarter, he was given a standing ovation from the Steeler fans. This game would be the last home game (not including the neutral-site Super Bowl) for Jerome Bettis.
Bob Dozier The last of Robert Dozier's former athletes to play professional football was Jerome Bettis, who graduated from Mackenzie in 1990. Bettis played college ball at Notre Dame before starting a professional career with the Los Angeles Rams; in Los Angeles, Bettis was voted 1993 NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year. After three seasons with the Rams, Bettis was traded to the Pittsburgh Steelers. Jerome Bettis played ten years with Pittsburgh; including the 2005-06 Super Bowl Championship season during which he was victorious in his final professional game.
Ladell Betts In a 2009 preseason game against the Baltimore Ravens, his jersey misspelled his last name as it said Bettis, as most would consider thinking about former Steelers halfback Jerome Bettis.
Jerome Bettis trade When Bettis was given the choice, he chose the Steelers over the Oilers due to the team's stronger history. With a team in place, the Rams and Steelers worked out a deal:
Football Night in America For the program's inaugural season in 2006, Bob Costas served as the host, with Cris Collinsworth, Sterling Sharpe and Jerome Bettis as analysts, and Sports Illustrated columnist Peter King as the special insider reporter. On September 7, 2006, Jerome Bettis arrived on the exterior set in a school bus (a reference to his nickname as a player for the Pittsburgh Steelers, The Bus); that night, in addition to providing analysis, Bettis received his ring for winning Super Bowl XL. Bettis missed the December 3 broadcast to prepare for the funeral of his father, Johnnie, who had died of a heart attack the previous Tuesday. NFL Network analyst Marshall Faulk (who at the time was technically still an active player in the NFL, although the St. Louis Rams eventually cut him after a series of injuries) substituted for Bettis that week.
Can I Play That? Can I Play That? is an American video game journalism website founded in 2018. A self-billed ‘game accessibility resource for both players and developers’, Can I Play That? specializes in providing accessibility reviews, features and news coverage on accessibility in games and the wider games industry. Can I Play That? also advocates for diversity and inclusion in games, and educates developers and studios about accessibility.
Jerome Bettis After falling short as a finalist in 2013, on January 31, 2015, Bettis was voted into The Pro Football Hall of Fame. Bettis returned to NBC to help Bob Costas preside over the Vince Lombardi Trophy presentation at the end of Super Bowl XLIX on February 1, 2015.
Jerome Bettis trade The Jerome Bettis trade was a trade between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the St. Louis Rams of the National Football League (NFL). The trade occurred on April 20, 1996, the same day as the first day of the 1996 NFL Draft, as the Rams were trying to transition to more of a passing offense and felt that running back Jerome Bettis was already on the downside of his career while also feeling that Nebraska running back Lawrence Phillips would be a better fit for their offense. Bettis would be traded, along with the Rams' third round pick in 1996, to the Steelers in exchange for their second round pick in 1996 and their fourth round picks in the 1997 NFL Draft.
| The Steelers | open_qa |
What does the phrase "the Carolinas" refer to? | Carolinas Open The Carolinas Open is a golf tournament played in the Carolinas, open to both amateur and professional golfers. It is run by the Carolinas section of the PGA of America. It has been played annually since 1923 at a variety of courses around both states.
Nan Bangs McKinnell Nan and Jim spent much of their married life traveling and creating together. The two are remembered as artistic partners with most of their work having been made collaboratively. The two traveled across America and the world, working at colleges and artist's colonies while developing their craft. In 1953, Nan and James attended a ceramics workshop at the Archie Bray Foundation and decided to stay and work there for several years. It was at the Bray where Nan began developing glazes. Nan's deep copper glaze is still widely used today. Her glaze-making also opened up an appreciation for the decorative side of ceramics. As Nan and Jim began working more collaboratively, Nan's decorative eye came out more. In their process, often one would throw a piece on the wheel and the other would decorate it, combining their two separate artistic eyes and influences. Nan was drawn to natural shapes and forms, drawing on flowers, leaves, insects, and other animals.
Foundation for the Carolinas Foundation For The Carolinas has launched a number of key programs, initiatives, and investments, including:
Pong Nan Nan Yik-Pong, better known by his stage name Pong Nan (; born 15 May 1978), is a Cantopop musician, singer-songwriter and actor in Hong Kong of Hakka ancestry.
Case government There are also two-way prepositions which govern the dative when the prepositional phrase denotes location (where at?), but the accusative when it denotes direction (to/from where?).
Foundation for the Carolinas The Foundation for the Carolinas is a donor-advised charity with a non-exclusive focus on North Carolina and South Carolina.
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala The most usual route of ascent approaches from the north starting at a parking spot on the A832 at grid reference and climbs the adjoining Munro of Meall a' Chrasgaidh before climbing Sgùrr nan Clach Geala. Most walkers will continue south from the summit to take in Sgùrr nan Each before returning to the starting point via the Allt Breabaig.
Nan Bangs McKinnell In Seattle, Nan began working as a teacher once again, earning money to help support her family back in Nebraska. It wasn't long until Nan was applying for graduate school, and after a few years in Seattle, she was taking summer classes at the University of Washington where she started her art. While the men were away at war, Nan began teaching in an architectural drawing and design classes at the University. As she continued her own studies, Nan realized that painting and design were not her forte and took an introductory class in ceramic engineering and was drawn to clay as an artistic medium.
Michael G. Williams Williams and Charlie Mewshaw co-host the podcast Arcane Carolinas, exploring legends and myths of North Carolina and South Carolina. The two met when they both worked for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Since its start in the fall of 2020, Arcane Carolinas has expanded to include a fanzine, live events, trading cards, and clothing. In addition, an Arcane Carolinas book is forthcoming.
Nan Qi (artist) Nan is a contemporary Chinese ink painter depicting a variety of themes, ranging from the human form to landscapes and abstract concentric ink dots, using Chinese in and xuan rice paper. During his training as a Chinese ink painter, Nan specialised in classical landscapes inspired by Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasty artists. Early experimentation with different brush strokes and techniques, varying the dilution of ink and wash, resulted in the distinctive ink “dabs” produced in his early works. During the mid-to-late 1990s, Nan began designing and printing the catalogues for his own exhibitions, and was inspired by the dot matrices used in printing. This gave rise to a progression from ink “dabs” to more and more dot-like brush strokes, culminating in his development of his signature “halo dot” brush stroke in 2004. At this point, the themes and content of Nan’s work were becoming solidly contemporary and modern, moving away from landscapes. Over the next ten years, Nan developed a completely unique repertoire of brush strokes and ink painting techniques, including the “halo dot”, the “Nan Qi Way” for controlling ink flow into highly absorbent rice paper, and the “3D ink” technique, which allows him to create three-dimensional optical illusions by hand.
| When someone says "the Carolinas," they are referring to both the state of North Carolina and the state of South Carolina within the United States. | open_qa |
Based on the information provided, what was the controversy surrounding the 2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix? | 2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix Michael Masi was involved in a safety car procedure controversy during the last laps of the race. On lap 56 of the race, during which Hamilton was leading, Masi allowed only the five cars directly in front of championship contender Verstappen to unlap themselves before the restart. The race restarted, and on the final lap of the race, Verstappen overtook Hamilton and won the 2021 World Drivers' Championship.
2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix The 2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix (officially known as the Formula 1 Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi Grand Prix 2021) was a Formula One motor race held on 12 December 2021 at the Yas Marina Circuit in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Contested over a distance of 58 laps, the race was the twenty-second and final round of the 2021 Formula One World Championship. The race decided both the Drivers' and Constructors' championships; Max Verstappen and Lewis Hamilton both had 369.5 points coming into the race. Hamilton led most of the race and appeared on course to win what would have been a record eighth World Drivers' Championship having taken the lead at the start of the race at turn 1 on the first lap, Verstappen won the race on the final lap with an overtake for the lead on title rival Hamilton, after a controversial safety car restart in the last moments of the race. The FIA thus conducted an inquiry into the race which led to a restructuring of race control including the replacement of Michael Masi as race director and amendments to the safety car rules. That inquiry subsequently concluded that the race officials had misapplied the then-regulations due to human error, but confirmed the results.
2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix Immediately after Vettel passed the safety car to join the lead lap, race control announced the safety car would enter the pits at the end of the lap to allow for a final lap of green-flag racing, leading to angry remonstrations from Mercedes team principal Toto Wolff. On the final lap, Verstappen used his fresh soft tyres to pass Hamilton into turn 5 to take the lead of the race. He held off counter-attacks from Hamilton to win the race and his first World Drivers' Championship, with Hamilton in second and Ferrari driver Carlos Sainz Jr. in third. AlphaTauri driver Yuki Tsunoda finished in a career-best fourth place. Mercedes gained enough points to win their eighth consecutive Constructors' title, extending their own record. Over the radio, Wolff appealed to Masi to reinstate the order of the penultimate lap, to which Masi gave the reply: Toto, it's called a motor race, ok? We went car racing.
Abu Dhabi Grand Prix The 2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix was held on 12 December 2021. Max Verstappen won his first World Drivers' Championship by finishing first, followed by Lewis Hamilton in second, and Carlos Sainz Jr. in third. Mercedes won their 8th consecutive Constructors' Championship, followed closely by Red Bull Racing in second. Verstappen's race and championship win was mired in controversy after Mercedes initially intended to appeal results on the grounds that Michael Masi may have used the incorrect procedure for withdrawing the safety car prior to resuming racing on the final lap of the race and Mercedes subsequently dropped their appeal. The FIA launched an inquiry into the events of the race and clarified the safety car rules. In addition, Michael Masi was replaced by Niels Wittich and Eduardo Freitas.
Mercedes F1 W07 Hybrid At the final race of the 2016 season, the title rivals took their 14th front-row lockout with Hamilton having out qualified championship leader Rosberg by one-third of a second. During the race, both Mercedes started well and maintained their respective positions. Hamilton moved clear from the field while Rosberg had a lengthy pit stop for preventing an unsafe release thus critically losing a position to Verstappen. Rosberg followed Verstappen for the next 12 laps, before finally slicing past the Red Bull. Rosberg then set numerous fastest laps to cut down Hamilton's advantage, while Hamilton, in his bid to have a chance to secure his fourth title, tried to back his teammate up into the clutch of Verstappen. Vettel joined the group by using alternative strategy – using fresh supersoft tyres, he then made a pass on Verstappen for a podium position, thus separating Hamilton, Rosberg, Vettel, and Verstappen by less than three seconds. Hamilton was told numerous times via team radio to speed up due to risk of jeopardising the win. Hamilton ignored and disobeyed team radio instructions, arguing that his team should let us race, and continued backing his teammate up. Eventually, Hamilton took the chequered flag by 0.4s from Rosberg, while Rosberg defended well from the fast coming Vettel by another 0.4s, while Verstappen took fourth, just 0.8s behind Vettel. From this result, Hamilton took his tenth win of the season but had lost the Drivers' Championship by five points. (Hamilton: 380 points; as compared to Rosberg: 385 points), therefore Rosberg was crowned as the 2016 Formula One World Drivers' Champion, his maiden and only title.
2016 Clipsal 500 Race 3 took place on Sunday afternoon and was scheduled to run for 78 laps, a distance of 250 km. A rain storm passed over the circuit just prior to the start of the race, prompting the majority of the drivers in the field to change from slick to wet weather tyres on the grid. Winterbottom, one of several drivers to remain on slick tyres, almost hit the wall at Turn 8 on the warm-up lap. Along with the other drivers on slick tyres, he pitted at the end of the warm-up lap to change to wet weather tyres. The race start was delayed, however, as Russell's car stopped on the warm-up lap and had to be collected. With the rain getting heavier, the race was started under the control of the safety car, which remained on the track for the first six laps to allow drivers to get a feel for the conditions. With the regulations requiring each car to take on 140 litres of fuel during the race, some drivers took advantage of the safety car period to fulfil part of the requirement. This caused controversy, as there was confusion as to whether or not the race had actually started, with some teams believing that the official start of the race would not occur until the safety car returned to the pit lane. V8 Supercar regulations state that a race may be started under the safety car in extreme circumstances, such as poor weather, and that the official start of the race is when the safety car returns to the pit lane. However, this is only the case when the warm-up lap has not been completed. As it had been completed in this case, the race was deemed to have started when the safety car led the field away from the grid.
Nicholas Latifi At the season ending Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, Latifi was running 16th and last whilst battling with Mick Schumacher when he crashed out of the race on lap 53, causing the safety car to be deployed. A controversial decision taken during the safety car period by race director Michael Masi allowed Max Verstappen, who was running in second place before the crash, to overtake leader Lewis Hamilton and win both the race and the World Drivers' Championship. Latifi subsequently apologized for the incident, for which he was the target of threats and hate messages from fans on social media. On 21 December, he released a statement on his website addressing the online abuse he received, which he described as shocking – and something I am calling out.
Lewis Hamilton Early on in the season, Hamilton and Red Bull's Max Verstappen emerged as title favourites. The pair frequently exchanged the championship lead throughout the season—often sparring (and occasionally coming together) on track—and entered the last race in Abu Dhabi level on points. In Abu Dhabi, Verstappen overtook Hamilton on the final lap of the race, denying Hamilton his eighth title. During the season, Hamilton became the first driver to surpass 100 pole positions and 100 race wins, respectively.
Mercedes AMG F1 W09 EQ Power+ Coming to the , Mercedes could challenge the outright pace of the Ferrari SF71H, which saw Lewis Hamilton take pole position by setting the outright lap record of 1m 16.173s, with team-mate Valtteri Bottas locking out the front-row for the first time in 2018. As the race got started, Romain Grosjean spun across the track in turn 3, creating a huge accident in lap 1 which eliminated Nico Hülkenberg and Pierre Gasly, bringing out a six-lap safety car period. After the safety car restart, both Mercedes cars had great race pace, and led the field a long way ahead of anyone for the entire race, leading home the first 1-2 of the season for Mercedes. Hamilton extended his championship lead to 17 points and Mercedes took back the lead in the Constructors' Championship, leading Ferrari by 27 points.
Safety car The 2021 Belgian Grand Prix infamously became the shortest race in Formula One World Championship history and the first (and so far only) World Championship Grand Prix in history to be run entirely behind the safety car with no running taking place under green flag conditions, with two full laps completed behind the safety car before the race was red flagged on lap 3 and not restarted thereafter with results taken from the end of lap 1 with Max Verstappen declared the winner of the event and half points awarded to the top 10 classified drivers.
| While there was a lot of complexity based on the circumstances that occurred, the prevailing controversy with the race was related to the fact that lapped cars were only partially allowed to clear the track. This meant that Max Verstappen was cleared to attack Lewis Hamilton on fresher tyres for the last part of the final lap. Lewis and Max both needed to win the final race to win the championship. This would have been Max's first ever championship or Lewis' record-breaking 8th championship. By allowing only the cars between Max and Lewis, the race director only partially adhered to the rules. This virtually handed the win to Max and Red Bull. While Mercedes immediately protested the decision and final result. Max was awarded the championship. | closed_qa |
What is the best tea near Bangalore | Doi Mae Salong Tea plantation 101 is the most famous tea plantation at Doi Mae Salong and received the best tea of the world award. Then fine tea production and exported to distribute around the world. They plant 2 types of Oolong tea that are Three young leaves No.12 tea and Four seasons tea. The tourist can see the tea terracing and procedure of harvesting tea and produce. The demonstration of the best procedure to infuse the tea. And also the tea tasting.
History of tea in China The Classic of Tea (《茶經》) by the Tang dynasty writer Lu Yu (陸羽; 729–804) is an early work on the subject. (See also Tea Classics) According to Cha Jing writing, around CE 760, tea drinking was widespread. The book describes how tea plants were grown, the leaves processed, and tea prepared as a beverage. It also describes how tea was evaluated. The book also discusses where the best tea leaves were produced.
Rishihat Tea Garden It is famous for its second flush muscatel flavour. The types of tea the garden produces include: Black tea, Green tea, Oolong tea, hand rolled tea, Wirry tea, Silver Tippy tea, exclusive Darjeeling teas like Enigma, Exotic, Clonal Mush and Clonal Enigma.
Tea growing in Azerbaijan Azerbaijani greatly enjoy drinking tea, known as chay, and still maintain their ancient and traditional tea ceremonies when drinking what is their main beverage of daily life. It is common in Azerbaijan for a guest to be welcomed firstly by black tea, often served in a pair-shaped crystal Armudu glass, which is said to keep tea hot longer at the bottom and cool more rapidly at the top. In Azerbaijani culture, serving tea at the beginning of a meal is a symbol of hospitality. Sweetened tea is preferred to regular tea. By custom, sugar is never dissolved directly as a method of sweetening it. Instead, a sugar cube is dipped slightly into the tea before it is sipped, a custom that began in medieval times, when the presence of Toxins in the tea was detected in this way, when they reacted with the sugar. Azerbaijani people also enjoy flavouring their tea with spices, such as cinnamon, lemon or ginger. Tea is made using fragrant herbs to produce corn silk tea, mint tea, cinnamon tea, saffron tea, ginger tea, dog-rose tea, hawthorn tea, and thyme tea. Tea is often served with jams made from figs, strawberries, apricots, walnuts, and blackberries, called dishleme ('bite'), a tradition designed to help the flow of conversation.
TP Tea TP Tea (short for Taiwan Professional Tea, ), formerly known as Tea Pa Tea, is a subsidiary of Chun Shui Tang. Similar to most bubble tea shops in Taiwan, TP Tea only sells bubble tea, though snacks are sold occasionally for a limited time.
Camellia ptilophylla A recommendation for consuming cocoa tea is like steeping most other teas, in which to infuse tea leaves with boiling water for 3 min. The aroma profile of Cocoa tea is different from the traditional green tea, but the difference between oolong Cocoa tea and traditional oolong tea is not. For instance, fruity, white peach-like and floral, orchid-like and dry-fruit were stronger in the Cocoa tea infusion, while roasted, fresh tree-like and sweet, sugar-like were stronger in the traditional oolong tea, also known as Tie guan yin.
Assam tea Assam tea is a black tea named after the region of its production, Assam, India. It is manufactured specifically from the plant Camellia sinensis var. assamica (Masters). The Assam tea plant is indigenous to Assam—initial efforts to plant the Chinese varieties in Assam soil did not succeed. Assam tea is now mostly grown at or near sea level and is known for its body, briskness, malty flavour, and strong, bright colour. Assam teas, or blends containing Assam tea, are often sold as breakfast teas. For instance, Irish breakfast tea, a maltier and stronger breakfast tea, consists of small-sized Assam tea leaves.
Bubble tea Bubble tea comes in many variations which usually consist of black tea, green tea, oolong tea, and sometimes white tea. Another variation, yuenyeung, (Chinese: 鴛鴦, named after the Mandarin duck) originated in Hong Kong and consists of black tea, coffee, and milk.
Kangra tea Kangra tea is a tea from the Kangra district in Himachal Pradesh, India. Both black tea and green tea have been produced in the Kangra Valley since the mid-19th century. Kangra tea was given the Geographical Indication status in 2005.
Dhajea Tea Garden Dhajea Tea Estate is surrounded by several high-yielding Darjeeling tea estates: Avongrove, Dooteria, Balasun, Ambootia, Nagri Farm and Moondakotee.
| Munnar and Kunnar is the best tea produced near Bangalore | brainstorming |
How is Delta Lake related to Apache Spark? | Linux Foundation Delta Lake is an open-source storage layer that brings ACID transactions to Apache Spark and big data workloads.
Apache Spark Like Apache Spark, GraphX initially started as a research project at UC Berkeley's AMPLab and Databricks, and was later donated to the Apache Software Foundation and the Spark project.
Apache Spark Apache Spark has built-in support for Scala, Java, R, and Python with 3rd party support for the .NET CLR, Julia, and more.
Databricks Databricks' Delta Engine launched in June 2020 as a new query engine that layers on top of Delta Lake to boost query performance. It is compatible with Apache Spark and MLflow, which are also open source projects from Databricks.
Apache Arrow Arrow can be used with Apache Parquet, Apache Spark, NumPy, PySpark, pandas and other data processing libraries.
Apache Spark Among the class of iterative algorithms are the training algorithms for machine learning systems, which formed the initial impetus for developing Apache Spark.
Apache Spark Apache Spark is developed by a community. The project is managed by a group called the Project Management Committee (PMC).
Apache Spark Apache Spark is an open-source unified analytics engine for large-scale data processing. Spark provides an interface for programming clusters with implicit data parallelism and fault tolerance. Originally developed at the University of California, Berkeley's AMPLab, the Spark codebase was later donated to the Apache Software Foundation, which has maintained it since.
Delta Lake (Teton County, Wyoming) Delta Lake is located in Grand Teton National Park, in the U.S. state of Wyoming. Delta Lake is situated in Glacier Gulch and is fed rock flour (glacial silt) from the Teton Glacier, which turns the water turquoise in appearance. It has been an increasingly popular hiking destination in the park, with the number of hikers increasing 164% from 2016 to 2018. The easiest walk to the lake is by way of the a hike commencing from the Lupine Meadows trailhead. Following the trail to Surprise and Amphitheater Lakes and an off trail effort to the north from Surprise Lake provides access to Delta Lake. The effort is considered strenuous for even getting to Surprise Lake is nearly a ten mile roundtrip with over of elevation gain. Below Delta Lake lies Glacier Falls, an intermittent waterfall.
Delta Lake (Washington) Delta Lake is a freshwater lake located in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, north of the Necklace Valley lakes in King County, Washington. Because Delta lake is at the heart of the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, the lake is a popular area for hiking, swimming, and fishing rainbow trout, and cutthroat trout. Delta Lake is a consequence of the spill of the outlets of three major Alpine Lakes: Otter Lake, Big Heart Lake, and Angeline Lake. The West Fork of the Foss River exits Delta Lake in two outlets which merge into one stream shortly above the top of Upper Foss River Falls.
| Delta Lake sits on top of Apache Spark. The format and the compute layer helps to simplify building big data pipelines and increase the overall efficiency of your pipelines. | general_qa |
Was Alexander Skarsgård destined to become an actor? | Alexander Skarsgård At age 19, Skarsgård applied to perform his national service. He served in the Swedish Armed Forces, in the SäkJakt (protect and hunt) unit that dealt with anti-sabotage and anti-terrorism in the Stockholm archipelago, for 18 months. After completing his service in 1996, he left Sweden and attended Leeds Metropolitan University in England for six months. He enrolled to study English but admits he did not study much and had a blast instead. While there, he considered pursuing an architecture career, but chose acting instead. In 1997, he enrolled in a theatre course at Marymount Manhattan College and moved to New York City. He returned to Stockholm after six months, but his time studying theatre confirmed to him that he wanted to act.
Alexander Skarsgård A friend of his father, a director, gave Skarsgård his first film role when he was seven years old, playing Kalle Nubb in Åke and His World (Åke och hans värld). In 1989, his lead role in the Swedish television production Hunden som log (The Dog That Smiled) earned him praise and brought him to prominence in Sweden at age 13. Uncomfortable with the fame, he quit acting at that same age.
Alexander Skarsgård Skarsgård was born on 25 August 1976 in Stockholm, Sweden. He is the eldest son of actor Stellan Skarsgård and physician My Skarsgård. His parents are divorced. He has five younger siblings: Gustaf, Sam, Bill, Eija and Valter, and two half-brothers from his father's second wife, Megan Everett. Gustaf, Bill and Valter are also actors.
Gustaf Skarsgård Skarsgård was born on 12 November 1980 in Stockholm, Sweden, to Swedish actor Stellan Skarsgård and his first wife, My, a physician. He has five siblings: Alexander, Sam, Bill, Eija and Valter, and two half-brothers Ossian and Kolbjörn by his father's second marriage, to Megan Everett. Alexander, Bill, and Valter are also actors. His godfather is Swedish actor Peter Stormare. Gustaf decided to follow in his father's footsteps as an actor at the age of six and attended drama school.
Valter Skarsgård Skarsgård is the youngest son of actor Stellan Skarsgård and My Skarsgård, a physician. He has seven siblings, five of whom are from his father's first marriage: Alexander, Gustaf, Sam, Bill, and Eija. He has two half-brothers, Ossian and Kolbjörn, from his father's second marriage. Valter Skarsgård studied at S:t Eriks gymnasium.
Bill Skarsgård Skarsgård was born on 9 August 1990 in Vällingby, Sweden, the son of actor Stellan Skarsgård and doctor My Skarsgård. He has seven siblings: Alexander, Gustaf, Valter (all actors), as well as Sam, Eija, Ossian, and Kolbjörn. Ossian and Kolbjörn are half-brothers from Stellan Skarsgård's remarriage to Megan Everett.
Alexander Skarsgård Alexander Johan Hjalmar Skarsgård (; born 25 August 1976) is a Swedish actor. Born in Stockholm, he began acting at age seven but quit at 13. After serving in the Swedish military, Skarsgård returned to acting and gained his first role in the US film comedy Zoolander. In 2008, he played Marine Brad Colbert in the miniseries Generation Kill. Skarsgård's breakthrough came when he portrayed vampire Eric Northman in the television series True Blood (2008–2014).
Marie Liljedahl Born in Stockholm, Sweden, Liljedahl became a stage actress at the age of ten, and a member of the Royal Swedish Opera ballet at the age of twelve. She was discovered dancing with a Stockholm ballet company by director Joseph W. Sarno. At seventeen, she began her film career with the lead role in Sarno's Inga (1968), which transformed her into an international sex symbol. Her other film roles included Eugenie in Eugenie... The Story of Her Journey into Perversion (1970) and Sibyl Vane in Dorian Gray (1970). In 1971, she appeared in the sequel to Inga (The Seduction of Inga), her last major role. She grew weary of the film industry and retired from acting at the age of twenty-one.
Björn Gustafsson Gustafsson was born in Gothenburg, Sweden. He studied at the Calle Flygares Theater School in Stockholm to become an actor. His film debut came in 2006 with the Swedish movie Beck – Flickan i jordkällaren. But before his debut as an actor, he had already debuted in 2005 as a stand-up comedian at Bungy Comedy, a Swedish club for stand-up beginners. In 2006 he enrolled at Standup Star, a stand-up school, where among others, Özz Nûjen and Jakob Öqvist, two of the most well-known comedians in Sweden, have attended.
Tourism in Sweden Stockholm has been Sweden's capital since at least the 14th century. It is Sweden's metropolis, the centre of the government and of the media. It has a waterfront adjacent to the Stockholm Archipelago; parts of Stockholm are preserved largely intact from older times.
| Alexander Skarsgård was born into an actors family, his father Stellan as well as several of his brothers are successful actors. Furthermore, he got off to an early start when a friend of his father got him a role at seven years old, which seemed to suggest he was always destined to become an actor. However, along the way, several diversions could have set him on another path. At 13 years old he quit acting as he got uncomfortable with the fame. Later on, he joined the Swedish national service, went off to study English in Leeds, and considered pursuing an architecture career. But in the end, he chooses the path of acting. | summarization |
What breed is most likely to win a dog show | Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show Through the 134th Westminster Show (February 2010), Best in Show has been won by the Terrier group 45 out of the 103 times that the prize has been awarded since 1907, more than twice as many wins as any other group. The single breed that has won the most is the Wire Fox Terrier, which has won 15 times. Two of the most popular dog breeds in the United States—the Labrador Retriever and Golden Retriever—have never won Best in Show. The dogs are marked for Best in Breed and then proceed to compete in Best in Group, and finally in the grand prize competition of Best in Show.
Fox Terrier The most successful dog at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show was Ch. Warren Remedy, who won the Best in Show title three times between 1907 and 1909. These victories were followed by a further Best in Show title for Ch. Sabine Rarebit in 1910. Despite the Smooth Fox Terrier breed winning the first four Best in Show titles at Westminster, it has not won again since.
Strathtay Prince Albert In 1914, he won Best of Breed at Westminster once again. Runner up in the breed competition was another Dreamwold dog, Dreamwold Irish Boy. Fifty dogs made it through to the Best in Show contest at the 1914 Westminster, of which Albert placed third, being bested by Wire Fox Terrier Vickery Fast Freight into second place. Best in Show went to an Old English Sheepdog name Slumber, the first of its breed to take the title. Vickery Fast Freight had knocked out future two time Best in Show winner Matford Vic in the breed competition.
Topscore Contradiction Handled by Michael Nilson, he competed in the Best in Show round against a Flat-Coated Retriever, a Giant Schnauzer, an Old English Sheepdog, a Saluki, a Wire Fox Terrier and a Pekingese. He was named Best in Show, with the Pekingese dog Ch. Yakee A Dangerous Liaison being named Reserve Best in Show. The Pekingese would go on to win the event in the following year. He was the first foreign dog to win Crufts, Topscore Contradiction was entered and also the undocked dog from a traditionally docked breed, having won the competition a year before it became illegal to dock a dog in the UK.
Cocker Spaniel At the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, the most prestigious dog show in the United States, the American Cocker Spaniel has won Best in Show on four occasions since its first award in 1907. The most successful breed is the Wire Fox Terrier with 13 wins. The American Cocker Spaniel is judged in three separate breed classes under AKC rules; black, parti-color, and any solid color other than black... (ASCOB).
Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show The oldest dog to win Best in Show was a Sussex Spaniel named Ch. Clussexx Three D Grinchy Glee (a.k.a. Stump), at ten years of age in 2009. The youngest dog to win was a Rough Collie named Laund Loyalty of Bellhaven, at nine months old in 1929. One dog, a Smooth Fox Terrier named Ch. Warren Remedy won Best in Show three times (1907–1909), and six other dogs have won twice. Males have won Best in Show 68 times as opposed to females who have won 35 times.
Shargleam Blackcap In 1980, Brett became the first Flat-Coated Retriever to win Best in Show at Crufts. Reserve Best in Show went to the previous year's winner, the Kerry Blue Terrier Ch. Callaghan of Leander. He was the most successful showdog of his breed in his era, and became a successful sire. Crufts Best in Show has twice since been awarded to Flat-Coated Retrievers, Sh Ch. Vbos The Kentuckian in 2011 and Ch. Almanza Backseat Driver in 2022, both of which are descended from Brett. Brett was the last Flat-Coated Retriever to win a Best in Show in a multi-breed show until Vbos The Kentuckian at the East of England show in 2009.
Midkiff Seductive At the show of the Ladies' Kennel Association of America in Mineola, New York, Seductive won the Best of Breed title but was beaten for Best in Show by the Airedale Terrier Ch. Polam Maxim. She was not entered in the 1922 Westminster show.
Banana Joe V Tani Kazari In 2010, he reached the Best in Show round at the 2010 National Dog Show. After being entered into the Westminster Kennel Club dog show in 2011, Joe went on to be named best of breed for Affenpinschers for the first time at the show. He qualified for the Toy Group judging round next, and placed second in the group against the Pekingese GCH Palacegarden Malachy. Later in 2011, Joe won back to back Best in Show titles at the Trenton Kennel Club in New Jersey over the course of a single weekend. He also once again won the Toy Group and reached the Best in Show round at the National Dog Show, but was beaten by the Wire Fox Terrier GCH Steele Your Heart.
Conejo Wycollar Boy Ch. Wycollar Boy was a Wire Fox Terrier who won best in show at the 1917 and 1920 Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, in New York City. His owner was Mrs. Roy A. Rainey.
| The Wire Fox Terrier is to date, the winningest breed at the Westminster Show with 15 total wins. Terriers in general have won over 40% of the Best in Show competitions across the long history of the show. | closed_qa |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kakko, Akonting | Bladder fiddle On percussion instruments, the drum has been turned sideways on the instrument and the string runs across it like the sound-table on a spike lute. The string has been dropped in some cases, the bow stick becoming a drumstick and the instrument now a percussion instrument, called a boomba, stamp fiddle, stumpf fiddle, or pogo cello. Also called Devil's stick, Devil's violin, boom bass, hum strum, teufel stick or stomp stick. In the percussion instrument, the string may still have limited use as a chordophone, if it has been set up with a tuning peg to tighten the string; if used in this manner, the instrument is bowed with a notched stick, producing rough sounds. In some modern instruments, the string has been replaced by a long spring, solely a percussion instrument, and in other instruments the string has been dropped altogether. The Polish (Devil's fiddle) often has no string, but includes the memory of the instrument's past, by placing a violin-shaped piece of wood on the instrument.
Kingri (string instrument) Kingri is a chordophone Indian bowed string instrument (string spike fiddle), similar to Rabab and Ravanastron. It has a resonator box of unglazed pottery, through which a stick is passed to function as the neck.
Akonting Of all the myriad variety of West African plucked lutes, the Jola akonting stands out as the one instrument today that bears the strongest resemblance to early North American gourd banjos. This is seen not just in its physiology but also in the traditional technique used to play the akonting, called o'teck (literally, to stroke), which is basically the same as the stroke, or frailing style, considered to be the oldest extant technique for playing the banjo.
Krachappi The Department of Cultural Promotion listed Krachappi as a cultural heritage in 2011. Krachappi is an ancient Thai instrument and has been with the Thai people for over a century. The appearance, playing method, and song of Krachappi are all associated with Thai history. Thai music instruments are divided into 4 groups, namely, strum, string, percussion, and brass.
Pitched percussion instrument A pitched percussion instrument (also known as a melodic or tuned percussion instrument) is a percussion instrument used to produce musical notes of one or more pitches, as opposed to an unpitched percussion instrument which is used to produce sounds of indefinite pitch.
Adolf-Reichwein-Gymnasium There are many music rooms with string, percussion, woodwind and brass instruments, as well as pianos and keyboards. Additionally, pupils have to study music theory. Every student that plays an instrument like the piano, recorder or flute can join the school's Highschool Band.
Classification of percussion instruments The traditional terms tuned percussion and untuned percussion have fallen from favour, replaced loosely by the terms pitched and unpitched, see Unpitched percussion instrument#Untuned percussion.
Gubguba The gubguba, also known as gabgubagub, guba, gopijantro, gubgubbi, ananda lahari, premtal, khamak, khomok, chonka, jamidika, jamuku and bapang is an Indian percussion string instrument.
Balanta people The Balanta play a gourd lute instrument called a kusunde. On the kusunde instrument, the short string is at the bottom rather than at the top, the top string was of middle length and the middle string is the longest although it was capoed by the middle length string and its open sounding length is therefore the same as that string. The tones produced by the instrument are in all: top string open F#, top string stopped G#, middle string open C#, middle string stopped D#, bottom drone string A#/B. The Balanta kusunde is similar to the Jola akonting. The Balanta also play the balafon, which is composed of 24 layers instead of 12 or 14 found in the Mandingue community.
Rattle (percussion beater) A rattle is a percussion beater that is attached to or enclosed by a percussion instrument so that motion of the instrument will cause the rattle to strike the instrument and create musical sound.
| Akoting is string, Kakko is percussion. | classification |
What is it like to live on the moon? | Nude on the Moon In a review for AllMovie, Fred Beldin wrote, Charming and bubble-headed, Nude on the Moon is a good-natured fantasy for bawdy kitsch lovers.
Green pigeon Green pigeons usually live in groups but can be found in mating pairs. These birds like to live in wild environment, away from humans. But nowadays, it has been seen that these live on outskirts of cities and towns together with humans.
First on the Moon First on the Moon (, Pervye na Lune) is a 2005 Russian mockumentary science fiction film about a fictional 1930s Soviet landing on the Moon. The film, which went on to win many awards, was the debut of the director Aleksei Fedorchenko.
We Too Walked on the Moon The movie is set in 1969 in Kinshasa, Congo, amid the American moon landings on July 21 of that year. Husband and wife couple Tanga and Nika wait for Sister Mwezi to spend a Moon evening with Nika's brother Muntu-wa-Bantu. However, the nun does not appear. The Moon is full. Muntu-wa-Bantu holds the transistor radio up to his ear as he stares at the Moon. He wants to see the first steps of mankind on the Moon for himself, but cannot reconcile the radio commentary with what he sees. Questioning the Moon's distance from the Earth, Muntu-wa-Bantu decides that he too will walk on the Moon.
François Zalacain While many of Sunnyside's own artists bring influences from their native lands to their music, most of them currently live in New York. Nationality has no relevance, but we like them to live here, he said. It's difficult to have an affair with people not in your city.
Man in the Moon In Japanese mythology, it is said that a tribe of human-like spiritual beings live on the Moon. This is especially explored in The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter.
Drunk on the Moon Drunk on the Moon is the first full-length album by No Knife, released in April 1996 on Goldenrod Records. Later re-released on Time Bomb Records.
Whitey on the Moon Whitey on the Moon was released as the ninth track on Small Talk at 125th and Lenox, which was recorded late in the summer of 1970 in a studio belonging to Atlantic Records. Scott-Heron speaks the poem alongside a bongo drum accompaniment of a sort common in street poetry, and used by contemporaneous artists such as The Last Poets. The track is just under two minutes long. Although the album has been frequently described as being recorded live in a nightclub in New York City, it was in fact recorded in a studio, with an audience present to simulate a live crowd. Whitey on the Moon narrates the story of Scott-Heron's sister Nell, who is bitten by a rat while Neil Armstrong lands on the Moon. It then talks of medical debt that is incurred for her treatment, and rising costs of basic necessities as a result of the Moon landings. It ends with the sarcastic promise that when the next bills arrive, Scott-Heron would send them by air mail special to Whitey on the Moon. Due to an error by the musicians, the punchline is barely audible over the drums. The first lines of the poem run as follows:
Solar eclipses on the Moon Solar eclipses on the Moon are caused when the planet Earth passes in front of the Sun and blocks its light. Viewers on Earth experience a lunar eclipse during a solar eclipse on the Moon.
Exploration of the Moon The first robot lunar rover to land on the Moon was the Soviet vessel Lunokhod 1 on November 17, 1970, as part of the Lunokhod programme. To date, the last human to stand on the Moon was Eugene Cernan, who as part of the Apollo 17 mission, walked on the Moon in December 1972.
| The moon is incredibly dark. You must quickly remember on Earth how much you rely on the sun. I miss it deeply. Also, I never thought I would use the word convenient to describe gravity. Life without is more challenging in so many ways. The biggest is the lack of order you have without gravity. Without gravity, the simplest things lose their order, so you have to strap, tape, or glue them down, which later becomes an inconvenience should you need to move them. | creative_writing |
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