Enterprise Technology for the Palm Computing Platform
Palm Computing is seeking to increase proliferation of the Palm Platform by aggressively licensing its OS. To date this has resulted in six companies selling versions of Palm OS hardware. This strategy has fostered a competition in which the consumer benefits with a range of many hardware options. These devices are summarized in Table 1 (see page 22.)
Palm Computing is, of course, the premier manufacturer of Palm OS hardware. They currently produce the Palm IIIe, IIIx, V, Vx and VII. The Palm IIIe, IIIx, and V use the MC68EZ328 DragonBall EZ processor running at 16 MHz. The DragonBall EZ is the upgraded version of the DragonBall that supports 16 gray scales. The Palm V and Vx have a much improved form factor featuring an anodized aluminum case approximately half the thickness of the III series. The Vx is the premier model offering 8MB of memory and a 20MHz version of the DragonBall EZ, making it faster than the V. The VII is based on the Palm III casing but has built in wireless capability. The Palm VII design was actually finalized before the introduction of the EZ processor, so is the only Palm currently for sale that still uses the original Motorola MC68328 DragonBall. While it consequently displays only four grays, it does have the improved screen of the Palm IIIx and IIIe. The wireless technology is lower cost than a cell modem but also lower bandwidth. This technology is described in detail below in the section on wireless networking technologies. Finally, Palm has announced that Palm OS 3.5 will support color, and Motorola has announced the 33 MHz MC68VZ328 processor that will handle 256 colors, so expect a color Palm device soon.
IBM offers a Palm V device called the IBM WorkPad c3. This is essentially an OEM Palm V with no noticeable differentiation from the Palm device, and there's a IIIx version, oddly called the WorkPad c5.
Qualcomm's pdQ is a cell phone with a built-in Palm OS device. The two technologies complement each other superbly. The Palm improves on the things you would typically expect a cell phone to do, while the cell phone improves on features you would expect to get from a Palm Computer. Calls can be automatically dialed after first finding the number in the Palm contact manager, and both outgoing and incoming calls can be tracked and redialed; and finally the wireless modem provides wireless web browsing for the Palm Computer. Unfortunately the physical size of the device is daunting as either a cell phone or PDA, although the next generation will certainly be much improved. The display was made slightly narrower to accommodate the needs of a cell phone.
Symbol, one of the first to license the Palm OS, makes Palm devices with built-in barcode scanners. The SPT1500 is based on the Palm III casing, while the 1700 is an all new ruggedized design available exclusively from Symbol. The PPT 2700 is a Windows CE version of the same device. The optional wireless LAN makes the Symbol a natural for medical or factory floor automation applications, although the price is intimidating. The basic SPT1500 has been used in London, England to allow their customers to order their groceries by scanning the products they need replaced before they go in the garbage; it also provides them with a checklist of items they are likely to buy based on past performance, and they can simply select them with a checkbox. When they're ready to order, they just HotSync with their home computer and the order is placed.
The TRGpro is the newest of the Palm clones and maybe the most exciting. It runs 25% faster than a typical Palm by changing some of the wait states. Among other improvements, it has a speaker that can play WAV files, and an industry standard Compact Flash expansion slot that allows interfacing with a number of third party devices. For example, SanDisk memory cards can add 128MB of solid state memory. Look for more coming soon. These devices support a FAT file system which is also supported by Microsoft Windows and Windows CE. This means that a memory card can be transferred between the Palm and desktop PC and read like a disk drive by either device. The slot also supports IBM's microdrive which makes available an amazing 340 megabytes of hard drive capacity. With this, the TRGpro puts the same storage capacity in your Palm that was standard on the desktop only a few years ago.
The manufacturer getting the most buzz is Handspring. Founded by the creators of the original Pilot (the Palm's name when it debuted), Handspring recently announced the Visor and Visor Deluxe handhelds. Running the Palm OS, these devices come with enhanced PIM applications but most importantly boast of the Springboard expansion module. The Springboard module is designed to allow third parties the ability to produce hardware accessories with relative ease and significantly higher throughput than is possible with any of the current Palm devices. With a Palm, all I/O is through the single serial port, but the Visor offers both the extremely fast Springboard slot and a very fast USB interface for HotSyncing. The USB interface allows a high rate of data exchange between the device and any peripheral. A host of Handspring modules have been announced including wireless modems, Bluetooth modules, analog-to-digital converters, and universal remote controls. Handspring seems to cater to the development community and strongly encourages third-party add-ons in both hardware and software.
Wireless Connectivity Technologies
Although many enterprise applications can be successfully implemented using LAN syncing technology, such as with Palm's new Ethernet cradle, real time applications will demand real time wireless connectivity. A number of options exist today for wireless connectivity to the Palm Platform. The products mentioned below are available today, but technology improvements are certain to come so quickly that additional options will probably be available by the time this article goes to press. In general, you cannot go wrong assuming higher bandwidth and lower cost devices will come down the pipeline.
The Palm VII has a built-in wireless modem that provides 8 Kbps-about one-seventh the data rate of a typical 56.6 Kbps wired modem-over the Bell South wireless network. Though it has relatively low bandwidth and high latency, Palm chose this technology for its broad coverage area and low cost. The service plan is available in three levels. For $9.99 per month you can receive 50KB, for $24.95, 150KB, and for $39.99, 300KB. All plans cost $.20 for each kilobyte over the allotted maximum.
To compensate for its low bandwidth, the Palm VII uses a web clipping paradigm to reduce the amount of data that needs to be sent over the network. A web clipping application, or .pqa, is essentially a static web page on the Palm device with key pieces of information missing. When the page is accessed, the wireless modem kicks in and fills in the missing fields from a live web query. So to get stock quotes, for example, the user enters stock symbols into a pre-built form stored locally on the device. When the query button is pressed, only the stock symbols are uploaded to the network. A minimal amount of data is returned filling in the values into a pre-built results page, complete with onboard graphics if necessary. Generic web browsing of non-pqa sites is not currently possible.
The Palm VII is easy to use and implement since it is integrated so tightly into the Palm Organizer, and its price is not too bad. The wait time to get data back can quickly get annoying, however and since the device is targeted at the general consumer market there is not yet much support for Enterprise-grade applications.
For applications needing more data, the Novatel Wireless Minstrel modem supplies up to 19.2 Kbps of bandwidth in a modem that attaches to a Palm III in the form of a cradle. Most of the real time stock trading applications have been implemented using this device and we can surely expect to see more use out of it for enterprise applications. The Minstrel uses CDPD technology which operates over the existing cellular networks.
As already mentioned in the Palm hardware section, the Qualcomm pdQ is cell phone with a built-in Palm computer. The cell phone can function as a 14.4 kbps CDMA modem. Though its large size is not a very attractive feature, it is nice to be able to carry both your cell phone and a Palm Computer in the same device.
Now that many carriers are offering cell phones with CDMA modem capability, there is not always a need to have a dedicated Palm interface. SprintPCS, for example, recently launched a service in which its standard cellphone can connect to an RS232 port for wireless modem capabilities. The cost is little more than its standard voice calling plans. Although marketed toward laptop users, there is no reason this cannot be used to connect directly to the Palm. With just a cellphone and a Palm Pilot, web browsing, email, and other Enterprise applications are instantly enabled.
OmniSky is the new joint venture between 3Com and Aether Technologies. This alliance is obvious and surprising competition with Palm's own Palm VII product, but now that Palm Computing is being spun off from 3Com, the alliance is making more sense. Unlike the current Palm VII, the device will work with wireless carriers worldwide to provide services to corporations and consumers over networks based on CDPD, GSM, TDMA, and CDMA protocols. OmniSky will also evolve its wireless service delivery platform through international alliances as the world's wireless infrastructure evolves.
OmniSky has secured an exclusive license to Novatel's new Minstrel V wireless modem, for the first part of 2000 at least, so that even Novatel cannot sell the modems. The Minstrel V modem enables OmniSky to provide users with services that surpass those offered for the Minstrel III. The alliance with 3Com allows the OmniSky service to use Palm VII's .pqa or Web Clipping applications as though they were running on a Palm VII. It also includes some other impressive software unique to OmniSky, such as enhanced, internet-savvy versions of the Palm Address Book, Date Book, To Do list and Memo Pad. Other partners in the operation include Riverbed Technologies, JP Systems, TRG Products, Synergy Solutions, and AvantGo. AT&T wireless will the premier telecommunications carrier for the service.
Wireless LAN technologies provide connectivity between a handheld device and a nearby base station-distances less than about 2,000 feet. This technology is ideal for applications such as hospital or factory-floor automation where the user will never stray far from a central location. It has the advantage that there is no need to pay a monthly service fee since connectivity is provided through the base station and existing LAN. It also has much greater bandwidth than most cellular solutions at 1 Mbps. As with all these technologies, bandwidth is sure to increase. The most popular wireless LAN product is the Spectrum24 Wireless LAN built into the Symbol 1740 which should soon be available at 10 Mbps.
One and two-way pagers
JP Systems offers solutions to interface Palms with one and two-way pagers, that are IrDA-enabled. Generally low cost, these applications do not provide much bandwidth. JP Systems sells a pager for $199. A service plan is also required ranging from $25 to $100 per month. As more and more options become available for Palm wireless connectivity, pager options seem less and less attractive. While using pagers for data synchronization is unlikely to be significant in the Enterprise space, you'll find most of the wireless providers shipping JP Systems software with their hardware. JP System's InfoBeam software works with IrDA-enabled cell phones as well.
Bluetooth is the codename for a technology specification for small form factor, low-cost, short range radio links between mobile PCs, mobile phones and other portable devices. Although there aren't many devices deployed yet, many expect Bluetooth to become the standard for wireless connectivity for handheld devices. Bluetooth is not designed to be a completely independent wireless solution, however. It is designed to link a device to a local information source, such as a LAN or home network, automatically syncing the device when it is in range. Public nodes could be set up at major shopping centers or public transit areas, allowing devices to re-sync or even access the web while in that local area. When out of range, though, the Bluetooth-enabled device would need to commandeer your cell phone (which would also need to be Bluetooth-enabled) and dial up for network access.
Bluetooth modules have been announced for the Handspring Visor and TRGpro. Though not yet a viable solution in today's Enterprise environment, look to Bluetooth to lead the way for the future.
Go to part 3 of 4: Software


Plan, organize, and manage infrastructure staff and/or consultants to ensure the stable and secure operation of the organization’s IT infrastructure. This includes developing, maintaining, supporting, and optimizing key functional areas, particularly network infrastructure, server infrastructure, data communications, and telecommunications systems. The Infrastructure Manager will also manage internal and external end-user customer service and support activities to resolve hardware and software problems in a timely and professional fashion.
Experience managing teams with responsibility for completing projects within budget and on time.
Experience designing and/or troubleshooting network problems.
Detailed understanding of IP addressing, IP routing protocols, Internet technologies and standards, Internet security standards, communications engineering standards, web and network access technologies, computer office software suites.
Networking ability including: QOS, firewalls, switches, wireless access points and routers.
Experience with Microsoft tool stack including Windows, Server, SQL, 0365.
Experience with VM Software and server maintenance and builds.
Interpersonal Skills – The ability to strategize, plan and collaborate with both higher- and lower-level colleagues.
When the security and functionality of an entire IT infrastructure is on the line, you can’t afford to ignore the little things. The IT Infrastructure Manager needs to have a highly focused attention to detail.
While performing the duties of this job, the employee is regularly required to stand; walk; sit; use hands to finger, handle or feel; reach with hands and arms; climb or balance; stoop, kneel, crouch, or crawl; and talk or hear. The employee must be able to regularly lift and/or move up to 25 pounds and frequently lift and/or move up to 50 pounds. Specific vision abilities required by this job include close vision, distance vision, color vision, peripheral vision, depth perception, and ability to adjust focus.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
Eye protection and hard hats are required in restricted areas.
REQUIRED EDUCATION AND/OR EXPERIENCE:
A bachelor’s degree in computer science, computer engineering, or a related experience. Five years of IT experience, two years in a leadership role with increasing responsibilities.
Maintains network hardware and software, including servers, voice, mobile devices, PC’s, Laptops, firewalls, switches, and wiring.
Develops, maintains, and tests back up and disaster recovery systems and plans.
Checks systems in order to optimize performance and to initiate recovery action after system failures.
Manages computer operations scheduling, backup, storage, and retrieval functions.
Active Directory and Office 365 user account maintenance.
Develop and maintain strong relationships with service providers.
Negotiates contracts with consultants, technical personnel and vendors for products and services.
Performs analysis of network needs and contributes to design of network architecture, integration, and installation to make sure it meets existing and future requirements of the organization.
Works with infrastructure staff and consultants to ensure that the computer system platform provides sufficient computing resources to deliver the desired level of business performance.
Coordinates with other departments in order to understand and meet their needs.
Overall planning, management, and completion of I.T. infrastructure projects on a wide variety of business hardware and cloud applications.
Establishes and controls systems access and security.
Monitors customer service and maintains network stability, collects and analyzes network and memory utilization, and installs and tests software upgrades.
Maintains documentation of network configurations and cabling layouts.
Directly supervises employees and carries out supervisory responsibilities.
Performs other non-essential duties as assigned.
Information Services Manager


Getting Dynamic With VoD Ads
Week News Abstract For Fiber Series in 10GTEK
The abstract is mainly about the optical communication related products,including: SFP,QSFP,FTTH,GPON,EPON,SFPPLC,PTN,ODN,Sfp Transceiver,Optic Transceiver,Optical module,Optical devices,optical communications,Optical transceiver module,Etc.
Customer Experience Management: Real demand. Real experiences. Real solutions.
A lot has been said about Customer Experience Management (CEM). Some claim that it's a 'flavor of the month' technology invented by vendors. But is it?In today's challenging marketplace, the experience you provide IS the product. Innovations and intelligence built into today's networks have brought forth new tools that can help service providers as they look to provide a superior experience and maximize the "lifetime value" of their customers. Customer Experience is much more than QoS and QoE, Customer Experience Management is about using "Big Data" and leveraging the flexibility of the network to understand the full spectrum of your customers' needs, then creating innovative solutions that put that intelligence into action. In this webinar:• Hear from Heavy Reading Analyst Caroline Chappell, who will explain what's driving the rush of new services and solutions to address CEM. • We will share real-world challenges from some of today's most innovative operators. Which CEM strategies are paying off? • Learn about the new network innovations that are bringing CEM capabilities to fruition and making them available to a wider market of providers. • We will address the critical factors that should be considered when you choose a CEM solution, as well as different approaches to tackling the overall CEM challenge.
Getting Dynamic With VoD Ads
Following years of fits and starts, dynamic ad insertion for cable video-on-demand (VoD) services is finally becoming a reality in the U.S., enabling American MSOs to compete against advertising systems that power Web-fed video services. Most recently, Comcast announced that it has begun a scaled deployment covering 17 markets, encompassing 7 million homes. The MSO expects to complete this deployment by the end of the year. At the same time, such leading European cable providers as Liberty Media, UPC, KDG and Unity Media are dynamically inserting ads in VoD content as well.This webinar will look at what the Europeans, Comcast, other major U.S. MSOs, and the cross-industry Canoe Ventures consortium are doing with dynamic VoD ads, the technical, operational and competitive challenges that they must overcome, and the opportunities that lie ahead. The webinar will also address the Internet video ad market, which is already a multibillion-dollar industry with a worldwide presence.
CALIENT plugs S320 optical switch into SDN with OpenFlow support
CALIENT Technologies, Inc. now offers an application programming interface (API) for OpenFlow for its S320 optical circuit switch (see “Calient debuts high-density photonic switch for data centers”). The API enables the S320 optical switch to be used in data center networks based on OpenFlow-enabled software-defined network (SDN) principles.The OpenFlow API runs on the S320’s MEMS Switching Module (MSM). When combined with an OpenFlow controller, the API enables the S320 to reconfigure data center networks to optimize high-capacity data flows at the optical layer and to function as part of an integrated packet-circuit switched SDN.The 320-port (full duplex) S320 is designed to create any-to-any high-speed fiber-optic fabrics that connect top-of-rack switches to each other and to core routers for connectivity to the Internet. An OpenFlow controller now can reconfigure S320 connections based on time of day, real-time application flows, or predictive algorithms. This improves efficiency by obviating the need to overprovision connections for peak traffic because they can be reconfigured on demand.“Now is the right time for SDN-controlled optical circuit switches in the data center because they dramatically lower latency and can provide the instant bandwidth necessary for moving big data,” said Atiq Raza, Chairman and CEO of CALIENT. “The potential impact on data center is so great that it is already accelerating the virtualization of these networks.”The S320 OpenFlow API will be available for interoperability testing late this year.
The above information is edited by 10GTEK.
10GTEK TRANSCEIVERS CO., LTD (Hereinafter refered to as 10GTEK) is specialized in developing and manufacturing Fiber Optical Transceivers and High Performance Cables which are wildly applied in Datacom, Telecom and CATV, providing customers with top quality and cost effective products. Our High Speed Cables cover Passive SFP+ Cable, Active SFP+ Cable, QSFP+ cables, MiniSAS (SFF-8088) Cables, CX4 Cables, Harness cables, Breakout Cables, Patchcords. We also manufacture Fiber Optic Transceivers like 10G XFP, 10G SFP+, SFP DWDM/ CWDM, GBIC, etc. The prompt response and excellent customer support contribute to clients‘ full satisfaction.Today, 10GTEK has been growing fast in the optical field for its unique and competitve excellence which has got a high attention from datacom and telecom.
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The Copernicus era has created a new market with the massive amounts of satellite data that the ground segments of space systems receive serve to the market and governmental bodies. Any physical or cyber attack against the storage, access or exchange of this data would pose a major public safety threat.
Current approaches do not fully exploit the recent advances in surveillance mechanisms with robotic technologies and AI. The EU-funded 7SHIELD project will be an integrated yet flexible and adaptable framework enabling the deployment of innovative services for cyber-physical protection of ground segments, such as e-fences, passive radars and laser technologies, multimedia AI technologies, that enhance their protection capabilities, while integrating or interoperating with existing protection solutions already deployed at their installations.
The project will make use of advanced technologies for data integration, processing, analytics and visualisation as well as data security and cyberthreat protection to assess the prevention, detection and mitigation of threats, both physical and cyber.
The developed technologies and 7SHIELD platform will be tested in five pilot use cases, consisting of several scenarios involving physical, cyber or combined cyber/physical attack scenarios. DEIMOS will provide a simulated scenario where 7SHIELD platform will be tested.
DEIMOS proposes a pilot offering our commercial ground segment systems and associated infrastructures, which serve as the barebone of several currently flying missions. The pilot shall consist in building-up the required shadow deployments of DEIMOS’ ground segment systems mimicking the operational environment, which is offered, for assessment of the current security measurements available in place and in general any security issue derived from the pre-crisis management on physical and cyber threats on logical infrastructures.
This pilot comprises the security assessment of ground segment logical infrastructures, which are interconnected to suppliers and customers. These actors will be simulated and connected using the same mechanisms and security measurements as done in real operations
Customers end-points will be also simulated using the same operational mechanisms to exercise dissemination of acquired imagery, which is also a point of risk (e.g. poisoning of the imagery, un-authorized knowledge of world zone requests made by confidential customers, etc. General operations of the ground segment will be also simulated in this shadow environment using the same settled mechanisms in production, to assess global integrity and security of the operations conducted.
The physical ground control premises shall be also subject of the security analysis, pre-crisis and crisis management, which include a secured perimeter hosting a multi-band S/X ground antenna and the mission control room.


Is there any way to hook up an external antenna to a PCM350? Under the plastic cover with the two LED holes, there is what looks to me like an antenna jack. I'd like to find a mate for that and hook up a short flexible coax cable with an "N" connector on the other end. This would be very helpful in doing site surveys, etc.
I know I could also get an LCM card with no antenna at all but I already have this card (a couple actually) and it would be nice to be able to test with either the internal antenna or an external one.
Another option would be to modify the card but I'm not particularly wild about that one....tempting though:


Silicon Labs (NASDAQ: SLAB), an Austin, Texas-based provider of silicon, software and system solutions for the Internet of Things, Internet infrastructure, industrial automation, consumer and automotive markets, acquired Telegesis, a near London, UK-based supplier of wireless mesh networking modules based on Silicon Labs’ ZigBee® technology, for approximately $20m.
Founded in 1998, Telegesis provides ZigBee module solutions to smart metering manufacturers. It offers a wide range of 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 modules based on Silicon Labs’ EM35x and EM358x mesh networking SoCs. Available in a variety of formats and form factors, the modules can be integrated into mesh network designs without complex software engineering or RF expertise. They are deployed in smart meters, USB adapters and gateways for smart energy applications.
Additional target applications include home automation, connected lighting, security and industrial automation.
A strategic Silicon Labs partner and a member of the ZigBee Alliance since 2004, Telegesis is also a contributor member of the Thread Group and has been collaborating with Silicon Labs in the development of Thread-ready modules.
Led by CEO Tyson Tuttle, Silicon Labs has 1,100 employees, revenues amounting to $681m and a net iIncome of $91m in 2014.


Home Internet in Waukena, CA
Internet Providers in Waukena, California
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Best Internet Provider In Waukena, CA
T-Mobile 5G Home Internet is the premier provider in Waukena, California. Offering 5G connection services, their maximum download speeds soar between 33 to 245 Mbps. Commendably, T-Mobile confidently serves 100% of Waukena, all for a starting price of $50 per month.
AT&T follows on the trail of T-Mobile. Primarily a fixed wireless connection provider, AT&T caters to areas without traditional wired internet. However, with a coverage reaching only 41% of Waukena and a relatively slow download speed of 10 Mbps, it is no match for T-Mobile. More so when considering its starting price of $55 per month.
Viasat Internet, a satellite connection provider, is ranked third in Waukena. Offering 100% coverage and download speeds up to 35 Mbps, Viasat provides a viable plan starting at $49.99 per month.
Of note, in Waukena, cable and fixed wireless connections dominate the internet accessibility landscape with 93% and 99% availability, providing consistent and reliable internet to the majority of residents.
Are you a journalist or researcher writing about this topic?
Contact us and we'll connect you with a broadband market expert on our team who can provide insights and data to support your work.


Here my setup. I have a Linksys 802.11b Access Point/Router in the basement connected (wired) to my cable modem, server, and laser printer. I use the WLAN to connect with my laptop. Everthing works fine. I also have a another computer upstairs that I need to connect to this network, plus my wife brings her work laptop home once in a while, and needs internet access. Both have 10/100 NIC's (no wireless). I have another Access Point (Compaq CP-2W - 802.11b), that I can get my hands on for free, that I was hoping I could use to connect these to my existing network. Will this work? How do I setup the second Access Point to communicate with the first? The Linksys one already acts as a DHCP server, so I disabled that on the second one. I assigned an IP address in the correct range, set the same SSID & channel on both Access Points, but I can't get them to play together. Is this possible?


To finish local calls, the brand-new dialing procedure requires customers to call the area code + the 7-digit telephone number. An overlay does not call for consumers to alter their existing area code, yet does call for a brand-new dialing treatment.
Ensure that all solutions, automatic dialing devices, or various other types of equipment recognize the brand-new 445 area code as a valid area code and also continue to program phone number with 10 digit phone number. Local calls from these numbers must be called utilizing the 10-digit dialing procedure (area code + phone number). The new dialing procedure (which became mandatory as of August 19, 2017) calls for customers to dial the area code + phone number for all local telephone calls within the location served by the 518 area code as well as the new 838 area code.
An overlay does not call for consumers to alter their existing area code or telephone number. In addition to transforming your dialing procedures, all services, automatic dialing tools, or various other sorts of equipment that are set to dial a seven-digit number from a 609 area code will certainly need to be reprogrammed to make use of the brand-new dialing procedures, along with any type of equipment that is configured to dial a seven-digit number from a 856 area code to a 609 area code telephone number (Equipment set to call a seven-digit number from an 856 area code to an 856 area code does not require to be reprogrammed). The new dialing procedure needs customers to dial the area code + phone number for calls within the 609 area code area.
To finish neighborhood telephone calls, the brand-new dialing treatment calls for customers to dial the 10-digit phone number (area code + the 7-digit telephone number). This means that all hire the 916 location codes that are currently called with 7 digits will certainly need to be called utilizing 1 + area code + telephone number. This suggests that all hire the 805 and also 820 location codes that are presently dialed with 7 numbers will certainly need to be called making use of 1 + area code + phone number.
Beginning June 19, 2018, new telephone lines or solutions in the former 619 region might be appointed numbers making use of the 858 area code, and on the other hand, new telephone lines or services in the former 858 region might be assigned numbers utilizing the 619 area code. This indicates that all calls in the 619 as well as 858 area codes that are currently called with 7 digits will need to be dialed making use of 1 + area code + telephone number. This indicates that all hire the 323 and also 213 area codes that are currently dialed with seven figures will certainly need to be called utilizing 1 + area code + telephone number.
This implies that all employ the 510 or 341 area codes that are currently dialed with 7 digits will certainly need to be dialed using 1 + area code + telephone number. When an overlay is applied, customers should call 1" followed by the area code and also the seven-digit phone number to finish every phone call, including calls within the very same area code. The USA of America is divided right into regions, referred to as location codes that refer telephone dialing areas.
The USA of America is split into regions, known as Area Codes that refer telephone dialing locations. In addition to the list of worldwide numbers that "look American," bear in mind that Canada and numerous UNITED STATE regions are likewise part of country code +1-and while fraudsters do not normally run 473 frauds from Canada or UNITED STATE territories, some residential telephone plans do not consider contact us to these locations to be a domestic or complimentary telephone calls.


With a guest call system you can call guests when the order is ready. No more long lines and waiting people. Within a radius of several hundred meters, the customer can easily be warned. At the operating station, enter a number (which you wrote on the receipt just before) of the coaster. The customer will report to the collection desk within tens of seconds.
With a guest call system you can help more customers, you have a higher order flow and clarity without having to search.
Many restaurants serve guests calling systems applied. After placing an order, guests receive a pager or coaster. This means that you can wait elsewhere within a radius of 250 meters. By activating the number of the coaster on the transmitter, the coaster gives a light, vibration and sound signal for notification. This way the guests know that the order is ready to be picked up. The guest call system ensures clarity and you offer your guests an extra service.Advice from a specialist? Call 085-4011980
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This application enables you to manage your sim contacts. If you have any questions or you want to help SIM Contacts to add support for your language , please email firstname.lastname@example.org , thanks. To Borek, As I cannot reply in the android ...Read more
This application enables you to manage your sim contacts.
If you have any questions or you want to help SIM Contacts to add support for your language , please email email@example.com , thanks.
To Borek, As I cannot reply in the android market, could you send me an email and tell me what's your android version and what's your phone model. I will try to have a test and fix it. Thank you.
Features: * Load sim contacts * Add new contact * Modify contact * Delete contact * Call * Send message * Copy to phone * Batch operation * Support incoming calls to remind * Searching by name * Share
Allows an application to read all of the contact (address) data stored on your phone. Malicious applications can use this to send your data to other people.
write contact data
Allows an application to modify the contact (address) data stored on your phone. Malicious applications can use this to erase or modify your contact data.
directly call phone numbers
Allows the application to call phone numbers without your intervention. Malicious applications may cause unexpected calls on your phone bill. Note that this does not allow the application to call emergency numbers.
automatically start at boot
Allows an application to have itself started as soon as the system has finished booting. This can make it take longer to start the phone and allow the application to slow down overall performance of the phone by constantly running.
display system-level alerts
Allows an application to show system alert windows. Malicious applications can take over the entire screen of the phone.
read phone state and identity
Allows the application to access the phone features of the device. An application with this permission can determine the phone number and serial number of this phone, whether a call is active, the number that call is connected to, ect.


Home » Asus Router » Asus RT-AC87U » Asus RT-AC87U Wireless-AC2400 » Dual Band Router » Router » RT-AC87U » Technology News » ASUS RT-AC87U Wireless-AC2400 Dual Band Gigabit Router
This is a review of the ASUS RT-AC87U Wireless AC2400 Dual Band Gigabit Router sold by Amazon.
The ASUS RT-AC87U delivers up to an incredible 2334 Mbps of concurrent wireless performance for low-latency online gaming, ultra-high bit rate 4k video streaming and conquering the most bandwidth-demanding tasks.
Inspired from the gamer-centric G series notebook, RT-AC87U borrows its design concept from a Stealth Fighter jet with understated curves that beckons power and sophistication. VESA mountable, make RT-AC87U soar as you place it on a wall.
Twin 1 GHz dual-core processors - Robust multitasking performance that effortlessly handles your most demanding internet tasks from all your connected devices simultaneously.
Built-in traffic management – Detects specific activities on your network and intuitively optimizes them for the best performance.
Dual USB ports – Connect a printer, 3G/4G dongle or USB storage device and, with USB 3.0, experience up to 50MB/s read and write transfer speeds.
Reaching new heights of wireless performance, RT-AC87U is a wireless AC and N router that gives you up to 2334 Mbps of concurrent wireless performance – that’s TurboQAM enhanced for up to 600 Mbps on the 2.4 GHz band and up to 1734 Mbps on the 5 GHz – far surpassing the competition.
Master the current generation – RT-AC87U goes beyond leading high-end performance, it also dominates current generation wireless for the best performance on all your notebooks, smartphones and other connected wireless devices.
Featuring a true 4x4 antenna design, RT-AC87U gives you up to 5,000sq ft of wireless coverage that’s 33% further than the latest generation tri-band routers, making it your ideal choice for large homes and multi-floor buildings. Thanks to AiRadar beamforming and unique multi user-MIMO technology, the more devices you use the more the throughput increases.
Multi-user MIMO technology – Asus RT-AC87U is the 1st router to support multi-user MIMO technology for up to 2 times faster performance than single-user MIMO when streaming or transferring data in multi-device environments.
AiRadar beamforming – Combining 802.11ac universal beamforming technology, high-power amplification and exclusive ASUS RF fine-tuning, ASUS Ai Radar delivers up to 33% further coverage than 3-stream antenna designs. In real-world tests, RT-AC87U lets you stream 2 Full HD videos flawlessly at its maximum 5,000sq ft distance.
Asus RT-AC87U comes with 4 gigabit Ethernet for up to 1000 Mbps performance each and features hardware NAT that intelligently analyzes and optimizes traffic based on its type so whether you’re playing an online game, surfing the web or video chatting, you’re getting the best performance for your task at hand.
Hardware NAT – Removes the bottleneck between the internet and the home network, enabling 2-5 times faster WAN-to-LAN performance vs. traditional software-based NAT.
Link aggregation – Connect a PC with two Ethernet connections to it for combined performance.
Dual WAN support – Convert a LAN port into a WAN and use 2 ISP connections for load-balancing or redundancy.
According to CNet performance test, The Asus AC2400 RT-AC87U Dual-band Wireless Gigabit Router is an excellent networking device with a premium price. In the end, it boils down to whether or not you can afford it.
If you can, you'll enjoy its excellent Wi-Fi range, unique feature set, and, if you're using 802.11ac clients, its great speed. if you're already using an 802.11ac router, there's no need to upgrade just yet. But buying it now means you're doing so to future-proof your home for a few years to come, when you'll (presumably) have more compatible devices.


Tokyo, Japan, 29,September, 2011: Huawei, a leading global information and communications technology (ICT) solutions provider, today announced that it has been selected by Wireless City Planning Inc. (WCP), a leading mobile operator, Softbank’s group company, to deploy the large scale LTE TDD compatible AXGP (Advanced eXtended Global Platform) commercial network in Japan.
At first, the new network will be launched in some parts of Tokyo, Osaka and Fukuoka. It is the fastest mobile broadband network in Japan, offering downlink data speeds of 110Mb/s to provide end users with the highest quality data service experience.
”We are excited about our new partnership with Huawei, and to tap on Huawei’s leadership and expertise in deploying its SingleRAN solution and other advanced mobile communications technology to build Japan’s fastest radio network,” said Mr. Junichi Miyakawa, Director and COO, WCP. “The AXGP network will yield significant competitive advantages for Softbank, and we expect the network to not only consolidate our market leadership but also significantly accelerate the commercialization of mobile broadband technology across Japan for the benefit of our subscribers.”
Taking into consideration the unique characteristics of each city, Huawei provided Softbank with its industry-leading SingleRAN solution, enabling fast and cost-effective deployment of the AXGP network, and ensuring that Softbank’s network is future-proof for the smooth evolution to LTE-Advanced. Highlight features include:
- l The world’s smallest and lightest Broadband RRU (Radio Remote Unit) which supports 4T4R (four transmitters and four receivers) and multi-carrier beamforming. A single RRU can support 40MHz bandwidth and offer downlink data speeds of over 400Mb/s.
- l BBU (Base Band Unit) “hotel” that significantly boosts operation and maintenance efficiency, and network performance.
- l Leading AAS (Adaptive Antenna System) and RGPS (Remote GPS) technology to reduce network interference.
Wang Tao, President of Wireless Networks, Huawei, said: “We thank Softbank Group for its trust in Huawei and for selecting us to deploy its network in the most strategic cities in Japan. Huawei is confident that our end-to-end SingleRAN solutions, which are based on our strong R&D credentials and track record in delivering quality networks worldwide, will enable Softbank Group to offer its subscribers with the very best in mobile broadband services.”
In addition to radio access network solutions, Huawei also offers a suite of devices that allow more users to enjoy an enhanced mobile broadband experience. These include the LTE TDD/FDD dual-mode USB dongle (E398), LTE TDD/FDD/GSM/UMTS/CDMA multi-mode USB dongle (E392) and the world’s first LTE TDD smart phone.


ΠΩΛΕΙΤΑΙ ΤΟ ΠΑΡΑΚΑΤΩ TV TUNER ΤΙΣ GENIUS ΜΕΤΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΜΕΝΟ ΣΕ ΠΑΡΑ ΠΟΛΥ ΚΑΛΗ ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΗ ΜΕ ΤΟ ΚΟΥΤΙ ΚΑΙ ΤΑ ΧΑΡΤΙΑ ΤΟΥ
The new Genius TVGo A31 V3 is an excellent combination of PC and TV system, without the need of a screw driver or any software driver installation. Just plug the cables and power adapter in, and you get HDTV quality TV reception and you can watch Analog TV on your TFT LCD / CRT monitor or projector. It supports higher resolution from 800 x 600 up to WSXGA 1680 x 1050 pixels and support 16:9 or 16:10 wide screen. Moreover, this new model has YPbPr video input to receive much better video quality than others.
ΤΙΜΗ ΠΩΛΗΣΕΙΣ 35 ΕΥΡΩ


RT Com USA’s Credenza CR-94M is the company’s first hybrid AV router designed to solve many of the problems in analog/digital combination AV systems.
In systems with up to nine analog and digital AV sources, the three-rack-unit matrix router manages the signals to achieve an ideal image on up to four connected displays, according to the company.
The router is designed to overcome the challenges of EDID conflicts, format conversion, audio embedding, and distant sources. Most common analog and digital AV source signals are supported and each can be fully matrixed, scaled, and output to four digital displays, RT Com USA says.
RT Com USA general manager Andy Fliss says that in today’s market nearly every system includes both analog and digital video sources. Some integrators create two discreet, parallel systems, while others attempt to convert sources to a single format for distribution. Either way is costly and uncertain, but RT Com has attacked the issue head-on.
“The most common problems we see in the field seem to be related to hybrid systems,” Fliss said. “The mixing and matching of scalers, format converters and signal extenders creates installation nightmares, so we decided to create a product line to simplify the process.”
The CR-94M provides nine video inputs, including four digital HDMI/DVI with SPDiF audio, two analog video inputs supporting VGA, component, S-video or composite and three extender inputs that can be Cat-x or fiber optic.
Analog video is converted to digital and all nine video sources can be routed to any or all four scaled HDMI outputs. These four outputs can be set up to scale the video to match each connected display. The audio for each source, whether digital or analog, can be routed independent of the video and then embedded in the HDMI outputs. Analog audio outputs and balanced audio inputs are also provided.
Fliss says that practical applications for this product can range from standard conference rooms, where all of the equipment is housed in-room, to homes where legacy analog source components need to be included in new digital systems.
The Credenza CR-94M will be introduced with MSRP of $9,999 and will be exhibited at the 2010 CEDIA EXPO in Atlanta Georgia, Booth 4045.


FritzBox - 7272
Versatile home networking
The FRITZ!Box 7272 connects your computers, smartphones, and tablets both with each other and with the Internet – with all the convenience you’ve come to expect from FRITZ!Box. Cutting-edge wireless LAN technology dramatically increases network range and delivers impressive speeds of up to 450 Mbit/s. As an Internet and landline telephone system, the FRITZ!Box 7272 offers optimum voice quality when making calls.
Perfect for the digital world
With its state-of-the-art wireless architecture, the FRITZ!Box 7272 provides you with throughput rates of up to 450 Mbit/s. So alongside lightning-fast wireless Internet, you also benefit from high-speed access to your media library from anywhere in the home network.
FRITZ!Box – a safe bet
Play it safe with FRITZ!Box. Each device boasts a comprehensive range of security features to safeguard your communication. We continuously test and refine these features, and give you peace of mind with free updates.
FRITZ!OS – bursting with benefits
FRITZ!OS, the operating system for your FRITZ!Box, regularly provides you with new features. Thanks to FRITZ!Apps, you can access your data from your smartphone when you’re not at home, make calls within your home network, or operate your playback devices. It goes without saying that all updates and apps are free of charge.
Honored by specialist publications and praised by users, the FRITZ!Box operating concept has just one goal: to keep everything as simple as possible. A clear user interface and step-by-step wizards help make this happen.
Compatible with any connection
You can use your FRITZ!Box with any DSL connection. Alternatively, you can run it behind a fiber optic or cable modem and simply integrate it into an existing wireless network. It can even be operated with a 3G dongle.
At home anywhere with MyFRITZ!
With the MyFRITZ! service from AVM, you benefit from secure and convenient access to your FRITZ!Box from anywhere in the world. You can retrieve files stored in FRITZ!NAS, view your recent call list and listen to messages left on your answering machine. With the MyFRITZ!App, you can even access your FRITZ!Box remotely using your smartphone or tablet.
Peace of mind
FRITZ!Box offers comprehensive protection against attacks. The preconfigured firewall, filter function, and DECT and wireless encryption ensure secure connections. Parental controls and guest Internet access are, of course, included free of charge.
Encrypted communication via VPN
Thanks to the recognized industry standard IPsec, you can establish a virtual private network to connect with your FRITZ!Box or company network. The settings can be configured on your FRITZ!Box and transferred to smartphones, tablets, and computers.
Ready for the future with IPv6
In addition to IPv4, FRITZ!Box supports the IPv6 Internet protocol. IPv6 makes existing services more convenient and simplifies a host of new applications, so you can rest assured that you’re ready for the latest technologies.
Wireless N with 450 Mbit/s
FRITZ!Box enables wireless connections of 450 Mbit/s, providing sufficient bandwidth even for larger amounts of data. It uses the 2.4 GHz frequency band and is able to automatically select the best wireless channel.
Wireless guest access
Offer your guests easy-to-use Internet access with a separate network key and user name. Your guests have no access to your home network and your data remain private.
FRITZ!Box as a private hotspot
When using your FRITZ!Box as a hotspot, you can restrict Internet usage to surfing and e-mail. You have a usage log, while your guests benefit from an integrated QR code that makes it easy for them to connect to the Internet.
Complete wireless control
Wireless on or off? You can either leave it completely to the automated wireless night service or take care of it yourself using the “WLAN” button on your FRITZ!Box. Alternatively, you can use FRITZ!Fon as a convenient remote control.
Secure ex works
Every FRITZ!Box is delivered with its own network key to protect your network from unauthorized access. The wireless network, as well as your wireless guest access, can be secured with their own keys.
Connected in a flash
Thanks to WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup), you can connect new wireless-enabled devices in a flash. Simply press the “WPS” or “WLAN” button on the FRITZ!Box and on the new device – and it will be securely and automatically registered with the network.
The FRITZ!Box is compatible with all common telephones — analog phones, fax machines, IP and ISDN telephones, and telephone systems. Any devices connected can easily be managed with user-friendly menus.
Cordless freedom with DECT
Up to six cordless telephones can be added to the DECT base station, with all conversations protected by ex works encryption. FRITZ!Box uses the DECT standard and offers even more convenient features in conjunction with FRITZ!Fon.
Answering machine with voice to mail
Once activated, the built-in answering machine stores voice messages and sends them to you by e-mail, giving you the opportunity to call back if necessary. The answering machine can also be set to switch on and off at certain times.
All contacts synchronized
You can either save your telephone book contacts on the FRITZ!Box or use existing Google contacts. The FRITZ!Box synchronizes the entries automatically so that you’re always up to date.
Sending and receiving faxes
No more external fax machines are needed thanks to the FRITZ!Box fax function. A user-friendly menu allows you to edit text and images and compose your message before pressing “Send.” Incoming faxes will be forwarded to your e-mail address as PDF attachments.
Making perfect HD telephone calls
Enjoy top-quality phone calls. Thanks to cutting-edge technology, voices sound as clear and precise as if the other caller were sitting in the same room. Both FRITZ!Box and FRITZ!Fon support HD telephony ex works.
fritz.box – everything made easy
FRITZ!OS is the FRITZ!Box operating system and can be easily controlled via your browser. User-friendly menus, easy-to-understand wizards, and the optional advanced mode come in handy in all scenarios.
FRITZ!OS is continually being refined for increased convenience and performance. And, best of all, the latest developments can be downloaded for free to ensure that your FRITZ!Box always stays up to date.
Media server for great entertainment
The FRITZ!Box manages all connected USB storage devices and makes their contents available throughout the network. The media server lets users enjoy music, photos, and videos on network-enabled playback devices.
FRITZ!Apps for iOS and Android
The practical FRITZ!Apps offer a wealth of exciting features for smartphones and tablets. Use these free apps for increased convenience when you’re on the go.
Smart Home: the clever place to live
Conveniently control Smart Home devices with FRITZ!OS. With the FRITZ!DECT 200, for example, you can measure and evaluate the energy consumption of connected devices. It’s even possible to switch them on and off automatically.
Maximum energy efficiency
The many features offered by FRITZ!OS remove the need for additional devices such as fax and answering machines. And DECT and wireless transmission power is decreased when devices are not in use, saving both energy and money.
|data_sheet_avm-fritzbox-7272.pdf||Data Sheet||Data Sheet||Download|


Hitec Optima 9 AFHSS Rx With Battery Telemetry
Designed for larger aircraft, the Optima 9 features two of Hitec’s exclusive Boosted Omni-Directional Antennas for belt-and-braces safety and security. Independent testing has proven that the dual BODA system used in the 9-channel receiver is equal to, or better than, the remote receiver or quad antenna systems used by Hitec’s competitors. Offering a full telemetry capability and utilising a slimline end-port design, the Optima 9 adopts Hitec’s Adaptive Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum technology (AFHSS) to ensure rock-solid interference-free operation. Furthermore, with Hitec’s Supplementary Power Connection (SPC) you can eliminate ‘brown-out’ concerns by powering the receiver independently of the servos.
Please allow 2 working days for dispatch.


When the precursor to today’s internet carried its first message in 1969, clunky but functional classical computers had already been around for decades. Now, physicists are designing the embryonic threads of a whole new internet for moving and manipulating a radically different type of information: the quantum bit, or “qubit.” And this time, they aren’t waiting for the corresponding computers to exist first.
Two teams have now demonstrated an ensemble of technologies essential to building the backbone of such a network — devices known as quantum repeaters. The researchers managed, for the first time, to use light particles to bind two crystals separated by tens of meters into a single quantum mechanical system and verify the connection in a simple way. The experiments foreshadow a future where institutions across the planet can take advantage of a bizarre type of connection called entanglement.
“This is for sure a new step for quantum repeater applications,” said Julien Laurat, a physicist at Sorbonne University in France, who was not involved in the research.


|Publication number||US20030095303 A1|
|Application number||US 09/991,570|
|Publication date||May 22, 2003|
|Filing date||Nov 16, 2001|
|Priority date||Nov 16, 2001|
|Also published as||DE10243582A1, US7092630|
|Publication number||09991570, 991570, US 2003/0095303 A1, US 2003/095303 A1, US 20030095303 A1, US 20030095303A1, US 2003095303 A1, US 2003095303A1, US-A1-20030095303, US-A1-2003095303, US2003/0095303A1, US2003/095303A1, US20030095303 A1, US20030095303A1, US2003095303 A1, US2003095303A1|
|Inventors||David Cunningham, Frederick Miller, Jing Wang, Janet Yun|
|Original Assignee||Cunningham David G., Frederick Miller, Jing Wang, Janet Yun|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (26), Classifications (16), Legal Events (8)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
 The invention is directed towards optical transceivers, and more specifically, towards the open fiber control of optical transceivers.
 Optical transceivers must be designed to transmit signals with sufficient power to meet the transmission distance and performance requirements of the system. At the same time, standard bodies such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) have imposed limits on the magnitude of optical power that can be transmitted in a link between two transceivers, to protect the human eye in case of an open fiber. An open fiber is any discontinuity in the signal path that causes the signal light to escape into the open, e.g. a physical break in the optical fiber or an unplugged connector. Usually, an open fiber is the result of an unplugged connector. Unfortunately, these safety constraints limit the usefulness of multi-channel optical transceivers, which employ techniques such as multi-channel parallel transmission or wavelength division multiplexing (WDM).
 Multiple fibers in a single ribbon cable are used to transmit data in multi-channel parallel transmission. The greater the number of fiber-optic cables used, the greater the amount of data can be transmitted. The fiber-optic cables are normally packed closely together in the ribbon cable, each fiber-optic cable constituting a single channel for signal transmission. Since the fiber-optic cables are closely packed, the optical power emitted from an end of an unconnected ribbon cable can be the optical power of several fiber-optic cables combined.
 WDM combines multiple signals of different wavelengths into a single fiber for transmission. Using WDM, several signals can be transmitted at the same time along a single fiber, thus allowing a single fiber to transmit multiple channels of data. The optical power of the combined, transmitted signal is the sum of the power of each constituent signal.
 These techniques enable transceivers to transmit at higher data rates by using multiple channels, but the total power transmitted still cannot exceed the eye-safety limits. The safeguards require that the combined power of the multiple channels be kept below the eye-safety limit. For example, if there are N channels in a multi-channel transceiver, and the power distribution between each channel is identical, each channel can operate at approximately only 1/Nth of the maximum eye safe power level. In this way, the combined power of the N channels does not exceed the maximum eye-safety level. However, reducing the power of the signals in each channel also reduces the distance the signals can travel without losing integrity. An optical network using reduced power signals will require more repeaters or higher sensitivity receivers to compensate for a weaker signal.
 Open Fiber Control (OFC) is one way to circumvent the eye-safety constraints without endangering the human eye. OFC is a method for enabling and disabling laser transmissions in optical transceivers. When two transceivers are properly connected, each channel in a multiple channel application can be operated at eye-safety limits. Although the total optical power transmitted exceeds the eye-safety limits, there is no possibility of injury since no light escapes into the open. When an open fiber is detected, the transmissions must be either reduced to safe levels or shut down completely.
 OFC may be implemented using software to control the optical transceivers. When an open fiber is detected, the software immediately shuts down transmissions from the transceiver. To re-establish the link, the software instructs each transceiver to periodically send out coded signal pulses in a handshake routine. However, it is difficult to synchronize and decode these signals, especially given varying link lengths and longer distances between transceivers. Therefore, OFC implemented in software is not widely adopted despite its advantages.
 Recently, however, bandwidth requirements have increased to the point where multiple channel techniques like the ones described earlier are needed to accommodate the higher data rates. 1 Gigabit per second (Gbps) and 10 Gbps data rates are common now, and are sure to increase in the future. However, without using complicated OFC software routines, optical transceivers cannot currently transmit over multiple channels at high power without exceeding eye-safe levels.
 In a preferred embodiment, the present invention is implemented by an optical transceiver that uses multiple channel techniques, e.g. multi-channel parallel transmission or WDM. During normal operation, the transceiver transmits all channels at power levels up to maximum eye-safety levels. Although the total optical power transmitted exceeds the eye-safety level, no harm occurs since the connections are intact. When an open fiber is detected, all but one of the channels in the transmitter is disabled. The remaining channel continues transmission at an eye-safe level and is used to detect when the link is reestablished. Once the connection is reestablished, all channels resume normal operation. The channels are enabled or disabled in a time span on the order of milliseconds, satisfying the initialization timing requirements of typical protocols such as Fibre Channel, Ethernet, etc. By allowing the transceiver to transmit with greater optical power when the cables are connected, an increased data rate can be attained since more channels can be transmitted, and signals can travel longer distances without loss of integrity. At the same time, eye safety is preserved, because transmissions automatically subside to acceptable power levels whenever a break is detected. Additionally, the complicated synchronization and signal decoding required by the prior art software OFC implementation is avoided completely.
 Further features and advantages of the present invention, as well as the structure and operation of preferred embodiments of the present invention, are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying exemplary drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers indicate identical or functionally similar elements.
FIG. 1A is a block diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 1B is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a block diagram of the present invention in an exemplary optical network.
FIG. 2B is a flow chart of the present invention in an exemplary optical network.
FIG. 3A is a flow chart describing system initialization.
FIG. 3B is a flow chart describing an alternate method for system initialization.
FIG. 1A is a block diagram showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Optical transceiver 103 has a data input 105, a data output 107, a transmitter 109, a receiver 111, and control logic 113. Transmitter 109 transmits N channels at transmitting port 115. Receiver 111 receives N channels at receiving port 117 and determines whether a signal is present. When receiver 111 detects a signal, optical transceiver 103 is properly connected. When no signal is detected, an open fiber exists. Receiver 111 indicates to control logic 113 whether a signal is present by asserting or de-asserting a Loss of Signal (LOS) control line. Control logic 113 enables or disables N−1 channels of transmitter 109 with an Enable control line.
FIG. 1B is a flow chart describing OFC in optical transceiver 103, according to the present invention. During normal operation in step 131, the optical transceiver 103 has an intact connection to an optical network, and all N channels of transmitter 109 are enabled. Each channel transmits at up to the maximum eye-safe power level set by the standard bodies, which means the optical power of all N channels can add up to be N times the eye-safe power level. This would be a dangerous power level in an open fiber, but the present invention ensures that the connection is intact and safe for transmission at this high power level. Next, in step 133, receiver 111 checks for a signal. When receiver 111 detects a signal, optical transceiver 103 remains in normal operation. However, when receiver 111 does not detect a signal, it asserts the LOS control line to control logic 113. Control logic 113, in response, disables N−1 channels of transmitter 109 in step 135. The transmitted power level drops to that of a single channel. Although light is escaping into the open somewhere along the connection, the escaping light is at a safe power level, since the single channel is already transmitting at or below the maximum eye-safe power level. In step 137, receiver 111 continues to check for a signal. When no signal is detected, N−1 channels of transmitter 109 remain disabled. When receiver 111 does detect a signal, it de-asserts the LOS control line to control logic 113. In step 139, control logic 113 then enables all channels on transmitter 109, returning optical transceiver 103 to normal operation.
FIG. 2A is a block diagram of the present invention in an exemplary optical network. Cable 201 connects optical transceiver 103A and optical transceiver 103B. Transmitting port 115A of transmitter 109A is connected through cable 201 to receiving port 117B of receiver 111B. Transmitting port 115B of transmitter 109B is also connected through cable 201 to receiving port 117A of receiver 111A.
FIG. 2B is a flow chart describing OFC in the exemplary optical network of FIG. 2A. During normal operation in step 203, all channels of each optical transceiver 103A, 103B are transmitting and receiving signals. The combined optical power transmitted over the N channels can be greater than eye-safety limits, since cable 201 is properly connected.
 In step 205, cable 201 between optical transceivers 103A and 103B is either disconnected or broken, creating an open fiber. In step 207, receiver 111A detects the loss of signal from transmitter 109B and asserts its Loss of Signal control line. In response, control logic 113A disables N−1 channels of transmitter 109A in step 209. Transmitter 109A continues to transmit over the remaining channel at an eye-safe power level. Similarly, in step 211, receiver 111B also detects the loss of signal from transmitter 109A and asserts its Loss of Signal control line. Control logic 113B subsequently disables N−1 channels of transmitter 109B in step 213. Transmitter 109B continues to transmit over its single remaining channel at an eye-safe power level.
 Although the link is broken and light may be escaping into the open, there is no danger to anyone working on the system because the total transmissions have been reduced to a safe power level. By disabling N−1 channels, the total power level drops to that of the single remaining channel, which was already transmitting at or below the maximum eye-safe power level. By keeping one channel operating on each transmitter 109A, 109B, the system can detect when the link is re-established. A specific channel on each transmitter 109A, 109B can be designated to be the remaining channel for transmission, or control signals can be added to each control logic 113A, 113B to select one of the N channels of each transmitter 109A, 109B.
 In step 217, when cable 201 is fixed, the link between optical transceiver 103A and optical transceiver 103B is re-established. In step 219, receiver 111A detects the signal transmitting on a single channel from transmitter 109B. Receiver 111A signals to control logic 113A that the link has been fixed by de-asserting its Loss of Signal control line. In step 221, control logic 113A then enables all channels on transmitter 109A for transmission. Likewise at transceiver 103B in step 223, receiver 111B detects the signal transmitting on one channel from transmitter 109A when the link is reestablished. Receiver 111B signals to control logic 113B that the link has been fixed by de-asserting its Loss of Signal control line. In step 225, control logic 113B then enables all channels on transmitter 109B for transmission. Normal operation is thereby resumed, wherein each channel is transmitting at maximum eye-safe power levels.
FIG. 3A is a flow chart describing system initialization for the exemplary optical network of FIG. 2A. At start-up in step 301, a single channel within transmitter 109A is enabled. The single channel transmits at an eye-safe level, in case the cable is unplugged. In step 303, receiver 111 detects the signal from transmitter 109A, indicating a good connection. In step 305, transmitter 109B begins transmissions on all channels. In step 307, receiver 111A detects the signals from transmitter 109B. Finally, in step 309, transmitter 109A enables its remaining channels for transmission. The system is powered up, the connection has been verified, and normal operation begins, wherein each channel is transmitting at maximum eye-safe power levels.
FIG. 3B is a flow chart describing an alternate method for system initialization. At system power-on in step 311, both transmitter 109A and 109B are simultaneously initialized, with a single channel enabled on each transmitter (steps 313 & 319). In step 315, receiver 111B detects the signal from transmitter 109A. Likewise in step 321, receiver 111A detects the signal from transmitter 109B. In step 317, transmitter 109B enables all its channels. At the same time in step 323, transmitter 109A will enable all of its remaining channels, thus beginning normal operation.
 Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to particular preferred embodiments, persons possessing ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains will appreciate that various modifications and enhancements may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims that follow. For example, this method will work not only when a cable is unplugged, but also in case a transmitter or a receiver in either transceiver should malfunction. Additionally, transmission power in each channel may be above eye-safety limits during normal operation, if the transmission power of the single remaining, enabled channel can be adjusted to eye-safe limits when a break is detected.
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|US20120082462 *||Apr 5, 2012||Cisco Technology, Inc.||Low Power Consumption Small Form-Factor Pluggable Transceiver|
|US20140056595 *||Jul 30, 2013||Feb 27, 2014||Fujitsu Limited||Optical transmission system, control signal transmission method, and optical module|
|US20140133846 *||Mar 27, 2012||May 15, 2014||Miaobin Gao||Optical link handshake techniques and configurations|
|CN101887151A *||Apr 19, 2010||Nov 17, 2010||威盛电子股份有限公司||Optical transceiver module and system and optical transceiving method|
|WO2006017962A1||Mar 17, 2005||Feb 23, 2006||Zte Corp||Method to protect human eyes in optical communication system|
|WO2006074000A1 *||Dec 29, 2005||Jul 13, 2006||Gerald L Dybsetter||Microcode-driven programmable receive power levels in an optical transceiver|
|WO2008030000A1 *||Aug 22, 2007||Mar 13, 2008||Korea Electronics Telecomm||Method of controlling optical output power and passive optical network system using the same|
|U.S. Classification||398/140, 398/9|
|International Classification||H04B10/24, H04B10/28, H04B10/26, H04B10/04, H04B10/06, H04B10/08, H04B10/14, H04B10/02|
|Cooperative Classification||H04B10/0799, H04B2210/08, H04B10/40|
|European Classification||H04B10/40, H04B10/0799, H04B10/00|
|Dec 14, 2001||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC., COLORADO
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CUNNINGHAM, DAVID G.;MILLER, FREDERICK;WANG, JING;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:012236/0114;SIGNING DATES FROM 20011113 TO 20011115
|Jan 14, 2002||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC., COLORADO
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CUNNINGHAM, DAVID G.;MILLER, FREDERICK;WANG, JING;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:012305/0914;SIGNING DATES FROM 20011113 TO 20011115
|Feb 22, 2006||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES GENERAL IP PTE. LTD.,SINGAPORE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:017206/0666
Effective date: 20051201
|May 25, 2006||AS||Assignment|
|Jan 14, 2010||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 7, 2013||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES GENERAL IP (SINGAPORE) PTE. LTD
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES FIBER IP (SINGAPORE) PTE. LTD.;REEL/FRAME:030369/0672
Effective date: 20121030
|Jan 15, 2014||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|May 8, 2014||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: DEUTSCHE BANK AG NEW YORK BRANCH, AS COLLATERAL AG
Free format text: PATENT SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:AVAGO TECHNOLOGIES GENERAL IP (SINGAPORE) PTE. LTD.;REEL/FRAME:032851/0001
Effective date: 20140506


“Help me Obi-Wan Kenobi, you’re my only hope.” These eight words are some of the most famous in cinematic history. They brought audiences into a new galaxy and introduced some beloved (and not so beloved) characters into our culture. I recently watched “Star Wars: A New Hope” and was struck by the similarities between the character struggles and those faced by WAN data traffic overloading. Obi-SD-WAN-Can-o-Be. Is there hope for escalating WAN circuit costs?”
As organizations become more reliant on SaaS solutions like Microsoft Office 365, cloud back-ups, and cloud hosted applications, they are discovering their WAN data traffic and costs are growing at an alarming rate. To address this issue, companies are deploying Software Defined WANs (SD-WAN) as a solution to reigning in the growth of MPLS spending on WAN connections. Learn how Micro Focus Network Operations Management (NOM) delivers extended management over this key new use case using the new driver for Viptela vEdge SD-WAN Routers.
Viptela vEdge SD-WAN Routers
One of the strongest use cases in Software Defined Networking (SDN) today centers around SD-WAN. Company’s deploying SD-WAN routers are able to overlay one or more logical WANs over a pool of connections. This structure commonly provides the flexibility to optimize traffic based on link performance and service levels. Once deployed, many have been able to evaluate and remove costly and unnecessary WAN circuits, reducing costs and achieving the ROI required to implement the SD-WAN solution.
One of the leading vendors for SD-WAN is Viptela—recently acquired by Cisco. The Viptela vEdge line of SD-WAN routers supports multiple connections to the WAN including:
- SSL over Internet
- IPsec connections
Note: The vEdge-100-B, is a solution for a small remote office. The vEdge-1000 is capable of higher throughput making it a better candidate for data centers and larger branch offices.
In our continuing effort to support the latest vendors and devices on the network market, the latest driver pack for the Micro Focus Network Operation Management (NOM) Suite now supports extended monitoring and configuration management for these Viptela routers. This extended support goes far beyond what is normally available via the SNMP interface.
The advantage of SD-WAN and Micro Focus NOM
To many network engineers and operators, SDN is synonymous with “complex”. However, to the companies that are deploying SD-WAN, they see it as the solution to reigning in the growth of MPLS spending on WAN connections.
As organizations become more reliant on SaaS solutions like Microsoft Office 365, cloud back-ups, and cloud hosted applications, they are discovering their WAN data traffic and costs are growing at an alarming rate. Some have reported seeing WAN data volumes double in the span of six months! The standard response to their growth of simply purchasing more capacity on their existing MPLS circuits is unsustainable. And it is important to note that not all applications require the quality that MPLS provides.
However, if they could intelligently route their WAN traffic based on the performance, costs, and service levels (SLA) required by specific applications—significant cost savings can be realized. For example, as traffic is routed to lower cost internet circuits, the dependency on expensive MPLS bandwidth is reduced or potentially eliminated.
The advantage of Micro Focus Driver for Viptela SD-WAN Routers
Micro Focus typically provides device driver packs for the NOM Suite on a bi-monthly. This goal is key to our continuing effort to support the latest vendors in the networking market. Each update adds to the industry leading 180+ supported vendors and 3,400+ supported devices already part of the suite.
Many network monitoring tools are limited to only what is available through SNMP and simple ICMP-ping—examples include discovery and uptime. With the new Micro Focus NOM driver for the Viptela vEdge SD-WAN routers, users can also:
- Automate the deployment of configurations to their SD-WAN routers to implement their intelligent routing polices.
- Detect and mitigate unauthorized changes to the policies on their SD-WAN routers that impact performance or costs.
- Parse and diagnosis issues directly from the SysLogs on their SD-WAN routers to be alerted when configurations are changed.
What does this mean in Micro Focus NOM suite?
Let’s consider a scenario that demonstrates the benefit of the Micro Focus NOM suite using the new driver for the Viptela vEdge SD-WAN routers.
Let’s presume a company has deployed a new high-priority internal application in a remote data center. This application requires a low-latency network connection to a second data center via an MPLS circuit. The operator used Micro Focus NOM suite to configure a Viptela SD-WAN router to route the applications traffic over the MPLS circuit, while routing all other traffic over a secondary circuit. This configuration provides the best performance at the lowest cost.
The operator is relying on Micro Focus NOM to monitor the latency of the MPLS circuit with IP SLA. When the latency is too high, NOM can be configured to automatically re-configure the Viptela SD-WAN Router to reroute the traffic for the application over the secondary circuit to keep it functioning. Once the latency on the MPLS network is back to the desired performance level, NOM will then reconfigure the Viptela router to again route the high-priority traffic over the MPLS circuit as normal.
The end result is the NOM suite simplified the process of routing the high-priority application traffic through the Viptela SD-WAN router while also ensuring application up-time.
Managing your Viptela SD-WAN Router with Micro Focus NOM suite helps users realize the true value of the SD-WAN through a single SDN management solution. For more information on the Micro Focus NOM Suite, please explore the Vivit webinar, slide deck and solution brief: Introducing the Network Operations Management Suite from Micro Focus.
Network Operations Management


Safariland Liberator HP 2.0 Electronic Earmuffs with Adaptive Suspension (NRR 26dB)
The Liberator HP headset is the next generation in electronic hearing protection, offering crisp, clear audio in a durable, scratch-resistant, package. The Liberator HP provides enhanced hearing protection in all environments, including those with impulse/gunfire noise and high-decibel, constant background audio. The wearer is protected while advanced sound localization allows for maximum situational awareness and sound detection.
The glass polymer, injection-molded, slim earcups provide excellent durability and is the base ear-cup for the Liberator IV and V headsets.
First of its kind multi-mode adjustability providing Active Noise Reduction (ANR), Active Noise Cancellation and both simultaneously
Digital Threat Compression Technology, Advanced Digital Processor, and Digital Situational Awareness Enhancement
3 Distinct hearing protection modes:
ENHANCED MODE Blocks dangerous impulse noise, while enhancing nearby speech and audio
MOVE MODE Blocks all external noise
CLARITY MODE Blocks all external noise, while enhancing nearby speech and audio
Industry-leading sound localization for maximum situational awareness and sound detection
Slim earcup design layered with sound barrier technology
High-definition speakers with enhanced electronics
Firmware Updateable Electronics
Dual Fuel Speed Change Battery battery compartment works with either two AAA batteries or one CR123 battery
160-300 hour run time (mode dependent)
Noise reduction rating (NRR) of 26dB
Easily converts to behind-the-head or helmet mount suspension (purchased separately)
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