Blog Home | 2018-11-03 11:36:25
Teacher: Ebenezer Gabriels
We take a look at the ministry of John the Baptist, the man whose ministry laid the foundation of the Gospel that we now enjoy today.
Who was John the Baptist?
He was a cousin of Jesus who was a Prophet and given a special assignment by the Lord.
There was a man sent from God, whose name was John. This man came for a witness to bear witness of the Light, that all through him might believe. He was not the Light, but was sent to bear witness to that Light. John 1:6-8
“And he will turn many of the children of Israel to the Lord their God. he will also go before Him in the spirit and power of Elijah, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the pst, to make ready a people prepared for the Lord”. Like 1:17
John was sent ahead of Jesus to prepare for the entrance of the gospel. He was sent by God to prepare the people to receive the message of Jesus and enjoy salvation. He was sent ahead to prepare for the miracles to come. His role was to get people ready for the message of Jesus.
Jesus is the Light, and John was called to give testimony about the Light, so that when the Light comes, people would believe. He became a witness who gave an advanced evidence of the authentic of the ministry of the Lord Jesus.
Ministry Without Miracles Staying in His purpose
John understood his purpose, he stayed with the mission and did not deviate from him. John had the spirit and power of Elijah upon his life - that means he could call fire down from heaven, he could order the rain not to fall, but He did not. But he did not work outside his purpose. He spent his entire ministry preparing the way for the Lord. John performed no signs and wonders throughout his ministry.
John 10:41: Then many came to Him and said, “John performed no sign, but all the things that John spoke about this man were true.”`
Although he had the power to do things Elijah did, he did not use his power in the way Elijah did. He used the power to baptize people unto repentance and prepare them to receive the Lord. In whatever capacity you are spreading the gospel, the power of the Holy Spirit is needed for you to accomplish that mission. It is also important to catch the vision and hold onto what we are called to do and not go out of focus.
How does this relate to us today?
Lucifer stopped allowing worship to flow through him wanted worship to flow to him directly. Jesus is the Light, but many prefer to be the Light today. Many do not want to be the witness of Light. It can be so tempting when God begins to use us for His work to want to get out of our roles and become that Light. The enemy tries hard to push people into the depths of pride. Every individual must understand that we are all human and must put our flesh under constant subjection.
Like John, who was not afraid of competition. We all are laborers of one Kingdom, the Kingdom of God. A very good example is this
Again, the next day, John stood with two of his disciples. And looking at Jesus as He walked, he said, “Behold the Lamb of God!”. The two disciples heard him speak and they followed Jesus - John 1:35-37
When Jesus began his ministry, Jesus’ firsts disciples were the disciples of John. When the two disciples heard and recognized what John had been preparing them for, they knew that it was time to be reconnected back to the Light. John did not become upset that his disciples went with Jesus. In fact, it was a moment of success for his ministry.
About the Author
LightHill Church Blog Sermons and notes from Bible studies from LightHill worship services are shared here.


At a time when health care providers and policy-makers are exploring new models to promote better health and improve health care, different populations experience persistent and increasing disparities in health status. In the United States, life expectancy and other health status measures vary dramatically depending on factors, such as race, sex, educational attainment, and zip code, that should not make a difference. This brief reviews recent research on health disparities.
As research into the sources of America’s health gaps continues, many policy-makers have sought to translate the latest findings into effective policy solutions. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, during the 20th century, Americans gained about 30 years in life expectancy at birth, 25 of which were the result of public health efforts such as vaccination, safer workplaces, control of communicable diseases (through clean water, sanitation, and antibiotics), and healthier mothers and babies.
National efforts to reduce disparities, such as the CMS Health Disparities PULSE Resource Center, have been established to serve as a clearinghouse of information and to track progress. And the National Academy for State Health Policy has outlined opportunities for states to advance health equity through implementation of the ACA. The results of these investments will be inherently hard to measure and the path forward will likely involve multiple approaches. But few would argue against the need to find ways to close the gaps and to advance health equity within the U.S.
Health Affairs/RWJF Health Policy Briefs
Series provides clear, accessible overviews of timely and important health policy topics. The briefs are geared to policy-makers, congressional staffers, and others who need short, jargon-free explanations of health policy basics.About the series
- About this grant


We burn up to a third of our total household energy in the kitchen and laundry room [source: U.S. Household Electricity Report]. This happens because heavy-duty appliances such as washers, dryers, refrigerators and dishwashers siphon considerable amounts of power to operate on a daily basis. In fact, refrigerators usually suck up the most electricity of all common domestic devices [source: Energy Star].
But one prominent kitchen fixture is noticeably absent from that list. What about the stoves that cook the food that goes into the power-hungry fridges? Even Energy Star, the U.S. government's measuring stick for consumer goods' greenhouse gas emissions, does not mandate energy use standards for these culinary monoliths.
The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that cooking accounts for 4.5 percent of the energy we use at home [source: U.S. Department of Energy]. Because that's a relatively tiny slice of our household carbon emissions, the question of whether a gas or electric stove saves more energy isn't a burning one for people looking to minimize their carbon footprints [source: American Council for Energy Efficient Economy].
Nevertheless, does one have any advantages over the other, particularly for the casual chefs among us? Because gas burners provide instant heat, and cooks have greater control over the temperatures, they're generally more energy efficient than their electric competitors [source: Directgov]. When you turn on a gas stove, you instantly get a flame, whereas electric stoves often take longer to heat and cool. Also, newer models that use an electric ignition rather than a continually-burning pilot light use up to 40 percent less gas [source: State of Minnesota].
The heat we feel from electric stoves traces back to coal-burning power plants [source: TreeHugger]. According to the Rocky Mountain Institute, this process spends three or four units of fuel in exchange for one unit of electricity [source: Cureton and Reed]. At the same time, gas stovetops are not environmentally perfect either, since they hook up to natural gas pipelines.
What's a cook to do? Read the next page to learn about other options for making your meals more environmentally friendly.


From rigorous planning processes to maintenance and upkeep, energy projects need to remain vigilant about their productivity and their spending. Energy companies need to leverage next-generation equipment and technology to provide sustainable and renewable energy sources; otherwise, the costs can become prohibitively high. Using UAVs for energy projects can streamline their planning and construction, while also improving their general day-to-day processes.
Replacing Survey Wheels and Measuring Tapes
The utility of UAVs for the sustainable energy industry begins with surveying. Wind and solar projects require very accurate surveys to be as productive as possible. Not only does a complete land survey need to be completed to ensure that they are placed safely, but they also need to be placed for maximum production. Through LiDAR UAV scanning techniques, 3D models can be created of the terrain, and engineers can find the best ways to position wind turbines and solar panels.
Prior to the adoption of UAVs, many of these surveys had to be done manually with GPS and robotic collection equipment. This was a time consuming process. With new data and 3D modeling, engineers can simulate different scenarios to determine how much sun or wind can be captured.
UAVs for Damage Detection
UAVs can be used alongside special sensor systems to detect damage and improve maintenance. With infrared sensors UAVs can be used to detect microcracks in solar panels — damage that may not be otherwise perceived by a physical inspection. Following harsh weather events, such as large storms and hail, UAVs can be used to inspect a large solar site in very little time, helping to quickly deploy technicians to the areas most need them.
Likewise, UAVs are particularly useful at capturing defects in wind turbines. Without drones, maintenance crews must climb wind turbines to complete full inspections. Human eyes may not always be able to catch what a high-resolution camera can catch. Wind turbine inspections performed by UAVs are generally more accurate since drones can cover more angles and heights that a manual inspection. UAVs can produce comprehensive reports, and large volumes of data to both detect and track damage.
This improvement to maintenance isn’t just an issue of cost or reduced overhead: it’s an issue if production. Better maintenance means better uptime, which in turn provides better energy efficiency and a more consistent, reliable energy supply. When it comes to alternative energy sources and sustainable energy projects, energy efficiency is one of the most important metrics.
UAVs for Security and Routine Scanning
In terms of day-to-day operations, UAVs can be used to produce security scans (to ensure that an area has not been disrupted), identify areas of vegetative overgrowth that need to be cut back, and look for hot or cold spots which could indicate further problems with the systems. This replaces the need for regular walk-through surveying, which can be prohibitively time-consuming given the sheer scale of most energy projects.
By performing this routine scanning of the property surrounding the energy project, the organization can prevent costly problems from arising later on. The faster and more affordable the scanning is, the more frequently it can be completed.
The Final Word on Using UAVs for Energy Projects
Energy projects are likely to begin using UAVs in some dramatically improved capacities in the coming years. Not only are they able to detect repair and maintenance issues far faster than physical inspections, but they can be used to greatly improve the surveying and construction process. UAVs are constantly improving — and when paired with advanced systems of sensors and the IoT, they can provide extraordinarily robust systems.


The edible insect industry is bringing certain insects to public attention. For example, termites are notorious for destroying timber-framed homes and buildings; costing billions of dollars each year. If it was not for the widespread structural damages that termites cause, nobody would know anything about termites. However, now termites are literally becoming popular for the way in which they taste. Edible termites have yet to take America by storm, but in South Africa, the edible termite market is booming. Surprisingly, female senior citizens are at the center of all of this economic success involving edible termites in South Africa.
As westerners are slowly getting used to the idea of eating insects, researchers are becoming more curious about the population-wide effects of keeping an insect-based diet. Indigenous South African tribal groups offer researchers a clear look into the role of termites as a consistent source of nutrition in large groups of people. Several studies have already been published concerning the most nutritious edible insects in Africa. Many of these studies have emphasized the importance of edible insects in poor communities. One of the most recent studies to explore these topics comes from the University of Witwatersrand. This latest research has demonstrated that termites are among the most nutritious of all edible insects in South Africa. Many similar studies yielded the same results, but this latest study has emphasized the role of grandmothers in the termite market as well.
Due to certain tribal customs, many elder females from different villages in Africa take over the responsibility of raising termites for consumption. In fact, the entire edible termite market in South Africa is controlled mostly by women over the age of sixty. When catching termites in the wild, many women are accompanied by children. Some of these children learn how to properly catch and collect termites from the wild. However, for the most part, the secrets behind catching, collecting, preparing and selling edible termites is known only by the eldest women in a particular village. The research showed that these entrepreneurial grandmas raked-in a relatively high amount of profit from their termite sales. The study ultimately found that edible termites are essential to public health in South Africa, and the methods used to collect termites from the wild should be passed down to each succeeding generation. Ideally, the means by which termites can be captured and consumed should be made public knowledge.
Do you think that different methods of termite preparation and collection are deliberately withheld by the elder females so that they can maintain profits?


On Thursday, 15th March 2018, another well-attended meeting of the Group heard Jane Kenney, Senior Archaeologist with the Gwynedd Archaeological Trust, give a most interesting, illustrated talk entitled “The Home Front in World War 1”.
Dealing mainly with North Wales, she explained that the subject had been a project for Cadw, the historic environment service of the Welsh Government, involving the re-scheduling or listing of sites, after realising that there was a lack of archaeological knowledge about these. They took into account Military landscapes, lnfrastructure, Operations and Commemoration.
It was realised that civilians were important to the war effort and in the middle of the Great War the Germans sent rigid airships, called Zeppelins, over to target the populace of London and along the East Coast.
Many areas in North Wales had training areas for the armed forces, hospitals and convalescent homes for injured troops, munitions factories and billets for civilian workers.
BRONABER near Trawsfynydd. 8,000 acres here were set up for artillery training in 1906 for both regular soldiers and volunteers – and also horses. This was extended during the war, with tents and some permanent buildings. On the edge of the camp, shops, etc. developed, known locally as ‘Tin Town”.
CONWAY MORFA. This area was used for training for volunteers, mainly for local battalions from Wales and the North West of England. Evidence of the butts and rifle range are still to be seen.
DEGANWY. Engineer battalions were trained here, and evidence of the practice trenches can be seen on Maesdu Golf Course.
LLANFAES Anglesey. This was also a training camp for engineers and evidence of trenches remains, especially in some woodland, where they have never been filled in.
DOLGELLAU. Near Dolgellau is the best surviving rifle range, where an iron target frame still exists and part of a shelter wall for observers near the targets.
LLANDUDNO. 88-90 Mostyn Street, known to many as Payne’s Cafe Royal, was requisitioned by the Royal Welch Fusiliers, and other properties in the town and in Bangor were used as billets, bringing in welcome money for locals.
After training, many of the troops were sent to the Front and those who were injured were first treated in field hospitals, then sent back to Britain. Here they were mainly looked after by Red Cross nurses, and members of the VADs (the Voluntary Aid Detachments) often recruited from middle-class girls who had not previously worked at all. The Balmoral (former YMCA), Bodlondeb Castle, Red Court, Plas Tudno were mainly used for convalescence, as were the Edward Malam Home in Deganwy and Lady Forrester Home (now the Blind Veterans Home).
BANGOR. The site which later became St. David’s Hospital provided 200 beds, as did Penrhyn Cottage Hospital on Ffriddoedd Road (now Hillgrove School).
HOLYHEAD. Dame Jane Henrietta Adean gave the property now known as Stanley Sailors’ Hospital, built in 1871.
TREARDDUR BAY. Patients were treated at what became the Darien Hotel.
TREMADOG. Wern Manor, the home of the quarry-owning Greaves family, was given and it is thought that David Lloyd George’s daughter, Olwen, may have volunteered as a nurse.
CORWEN. Pale Hall was used as a convalescent home.
NANNAU. From February 1918 until May 1921, a specialist neurological hospital was set up to treat those suffering from shell-shock. This was for officers only.
David Lloyd George as Minister for Munitions established a factory for making shell cases at the Boston Lodge Foundry at Portmadoc, now used by the Ffestiniog Rly. Co. using many of the same lathes. The Vulcan Foundry at Caernarfon also made shell cases. Cases and explosives did not come together on site, but explosives were made at Cooke’s Explosives Factory at Penrhyndeudraeth, which was founded in 1865.
At WAUNFAWR was the Marconi Long Range Wireless Transmitter Station. By 1914 this had already established trans-Atlantic transmissions and, after 1918, was the first to transmit to Australia. The bases of the huge masts can still be seen, and the large transmitter house is still there. Marconi Hall served as accommodation and is now used by a climbing club. The Receiver Station was at Tywyn, near Aberdovey, where there is evidence of the receiving masts. The bungalows built for the staff are in use to-day.
By 1917 German U-boats were targeting the Merchant Navy under unrestricted warfare and were trying to starve Britain out of the war. The front line of the war at sea was now off the coast of Anglesey. Holyhead harbour was a focus for this with local trawlers and drifters searching for the submarines. The drifters used their drift nets as “indicator nets” to identify the positions of the underwater enemy.
The U-boats laid mines which were swept by boats, which only cleared them for a few days, before more were laid. The Hunting Flotilla was based at Holyhead, comprising HMS Patrol, 1 yacht, 6 old destroyers, 16 motor launches, 2 U.S. motor launches and 2 harbour vessels. Most were armed and carried depth charges. ln September 1918, the motor launches were refitted at Rowlands’ yard in Bangor (later Dickies), and the pier at Menai Bridge was requisitioned. These operations kept the U-boats submerged and the convoy system was then put in place with merchant ships escorted by the Royal Navy. They gathered at Holyhead, proceeded to Milford Haven and went on from there.
We were shown a photo of RMS Aquitania in “dazzle camouflage” when she was used as a troopship.
At LLANGEFNI (now Mona Airfield) the Royal Naval Air Service had hangars for airships used for aerial photography. Screens had to be built at the entrance to the hangars so that a side wind could not catch the airships as they were being manhandled out. ln 1915 a wireless station was set up at Llanelian, near Amlwch for both airships and patrol vessels. There was also another airfield somewhere near Bangor.
To end her talk on a slightly light-hearted note, Jane related that, after the war ended, an Airco DH6 training biplane flew under the Menai Suspension Bridge, and THOMAS ELMHIRST accepted a bet to do the same in an airship – and succeeded!
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The only tree that grows in the Acoma Sky City Pueblo stands out starkly – a solitary cottonwood thriving in the New Mexico heat next to an abandoned cistern. In a village dominated by the rich browns, reds, and yellows of clay and rock, the green of the leaves almost glows. Tadpoles swim in circles at the surface of the shallow pool, another unusual sight on this mesa elevated 367 feet above the valley floor in the desert outside Albuquerque.
Sky City is the original of the four villages that make up Acoma Pueblo, and is renowned for being the oldest continually occupied community in North America. Visiting on one of the regular guided tours, the upbeat guide mixes jokes with history lessons. He warns us not to get too close to the cliff edge or we’ll find ourselves back at the visitors center below “the fast way”.
Starting at the mission church, tar black crows fly overhead. They set down in groups onto the cemetery wall, resting on the mounds of earth that are meant to represent soldiers standing in protection, before lifting fluidly back into the air. The logs used to construct this church were carried by the Acoma from a mountain 35 miles away in the early 1600s. The packed clay and straw floor is uneven in areas, and muffles the groups footsteps as we enter. Pink paint adorns the walls, symbolizing the blending of the Acoma religion – red – with Christianity – white.
Venturing into the residential area, the muddy streets are quiet and the homes blend together. In this matriarchal society, these houses will be passed to the youngest daughter in each family. Many of them are crowned with small white crosses, a reminder of European colonization and religious influence. The prevailing story is that a Spanish explorer stumbled across this village during his search for the Seven Cities of Gold. A mineral used in the window panes shimmered enticingly in the sun, making the city rising above him appear to glimmer in a barren desert. A romantic introduction, the relationship quickly turned dark as the arrival of Europeans to this part of New Mexico played out much the same way as it did everywhere else in the Americas – with enslavement and violence against the native peoples.
The bone white ladders that lean against the adobe homes stand as proof of Native resistance to the Europeans. They were used to enter ‘kivas’ – local religious spaces that were disguised as regular rooms in a home during a time of Spanish control. The lack of doors or internal stairways were a form of protection from invasion. Symbolically, their pointed tops reach into the sky, trying to pierce the clouds and send down rain.
Symbolism is present in architecture and art alike. Residents are prepared for visitors and stand outside their homes, behind tables where their pottery and jewelry are displayed. The colors used each have meanings and, combined with traditional images, each piece tells a story.
Walking to the edge of the pueblo, a cinematic expanse stretches out in all directions. The Mount Taylor volcano, known locally as the Enchanted Mesa, is close by, and masses of red, yellow, and black striped rocks stand upright in all directions against a vast blue sky.
Returning to the visitor center after the tour concludes, we opt to climb our way down instead of getting back into the shuttle bus. An ancient pathway cut into rock leads us down the mesa; we almost slide down the narrow and worn stairway, fingers gripping the indented climbing holds.
Acoma is a spectacular spot that brings you face-to-face with a remarkable piece of American history, and I’m grateful to have had the chance to visit.


- Has anyone survived anencephaly?
- Can a baby survive Acrania?
- Can anencephaly be prevented?
- Does anencephaly affect the mother?
- Can anencephaly happen twice?
- Do babies with anencephaly feel pain?
- Do anencephaly babies kick?
- What is the difference between anencephaly and microcephaly?
- Is anencephaly rare?
- How common is anencephaly?
- How early can anencephaly be detected?
- Can a baby with anencephaly live?
Has anyone survived anencephaly?
Anencephaly is one of the most lethal congenital defects.
This case report is of an anencephalic infant who lived to 28 months of life and defies current literature.
She is the longest surviving anencephalic infant who did not require life-sustaining interventions..
Can a baby survive Acrania?
Newborns who survive die within several hours, days, or weeks. This disease is rare, occurring in 1 in 20,000 live births. In order to better manage an acrania diagnosis, early detection is of extreme importance. Families may choose either to terminate the pregnancy, or to carry the child to term.
Can anencephaly be prevented?
Causes and Prevention Getting enough folic acid before and during early pregnancy can help prevent neural tube defects, such as anencephaly. If you are pregnant or could get pregnant, take 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid every day.
Does anencephaly affect the mother?
Because pregnancy with a fetus with anencephaly carries an increased medical risk for the mother, prospective parents may be offered the opportunity to terminate, especially if the diagnosis is made prior to 24 weeks of gestation.
Can anencephaly happen twice?
Once you’ve had a pregnancy affected by anencephaly, there is a 1 in 50 chance of it happening again. Your genes may affect your chances, and small changes to DNA may increase the risk of having another baby with an NTD, so do ask to see a geneticist if you would like to find out if this was the case for your family.
Do babies with anencephaly feel pain?
The remaining brain tissue is often exposed–not covered by bone or skin. A baby born with anencephaly is usually blind, deaf, unconscious, and unable to feel pain.
Do anencephaly babies kick?
She moves at will and is very much alive. I really resent the u/s tech at the perinatal center and even at the hospital trying to paint a false picture of anencephalic. babies as not really alive, that they only move when the amniotic fluid pushes on their exposed brain or spinal cord.
What is the difference between anencephaly and microcephaly?
Anencephaly vs. One disorder similar to anencephaly in some ways is microcephaly. A baby born with this condition has a smaller-than-normal head circumference. Unlike anencephaly, which is apparent at birth, microcephaly may or may not be present at birth. It can develop within the first few years of life.
Is anencephaly rare?
After this mandate, anencephaly affects about 1 in per 5,000 to 10,000 births in the U.S. Internationally, the number of births affected varies and is greatly influenced by the use of folic acid supplementation or food fortification, prenatal diagnosis, and pregnancy termination.
How common is anencephaly?
Anencephaly is one of the most common types of neural tube defect, affecting about 1 in 1,000 pregnancies. However, most of these pregnancies end in miscarriage, so the prevalence of this condition in newborns is much lower. An estimated 1 in 10,000 infants in the United States is born with anencephaly.
How early can anencephaly be detected?
Ultrasound. Anencephaly can theoretically be diagnosed as early as 8 weeks; however, it can be missed in the first trimester. There is 100% accuracy in the second trimester for this diagnosis by ultrasound. One study showed sonography alone was 97% sensitive and 100% specific in diagnosing an open neural tube defect.
Can a baby with anencephaly live?
Anencephaly is a fatal condition. Infants with anencephaly are stillborn in about 75 percent of cases. Newborns who survive die within several hours, days, or weeks.


Impact moment. RMS Titanic April 14th, 1912
At 11:40 p.m. (ship's time) on April 14, 1912 lookout Frederick Fleet spotted an iceberg immediately ahead of 𝘛𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘤 and alerted the bridge. First Officer William Murdoch ordered the ship to be steered around the obstacle and the engines to be stopped, but it was too late; the starboard side of 𝘛𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘯𝘪𝘤 struck the iceberg, creating a series of holes below the waterline. The hull was not punctured by the iceberg, but rather dented such that the hull's seams buckled and separated, allowing water to seep in. Five of the ship's watertight compartments were breached. It soon became clear that the ship was doomed, as she could not survive more than four compartments being flooded.
#titanic #rms_titanic #iceberg #april_14 #white_star_line #108_anniversary #digital_artwork #history_in_color


Instrumentation and Orchestration, second edition. New York: Schirmer Books. Borch, Gaston Practical Manual of Instrumentation..
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In Roundups Top 5 Orchestration Books Orchestration is a fundamental tool for all types of composers. The Study of Orchestration — Samuel Adler This work enables students to understand the basics of orchestrations by choosing the most appropriate instruments, instrumental combinations and instrumental techniques to write an effective orchestral score.
It deals with orchestral writing for individual instruments, combinations of instruments, and full orchestra. Rimsky-Korsakov Rimsky-Korsakov, the great classical orchestrator, provides fundamentals of tonal resonance, progression of parts, voice and orchestra, tutti effects, and much more. This major document includes pages of musical excerpts. A valuable resource and reference for students in their future professional endeavors, this text maximizes its usefulness beyond the classroom.
From a consideration of the individual instruments and their technical problems the author skillfully develops his analysis of orchestration, covering his analysis of orchestration, covering instrumentation of primary and secondary melodies, part-writing, chords, and contrapuntal techniques.
Finally, he discusses typical problems in orchestration together with some examples of their solutions. Any teacher, student or professional musician, whether a composer, orchestrator, arranger, performer or enthusiast will find this thoroughly comprehensive dictionary full of the most needed information on over instruments.
Designed for quick and easy reference, the Essential Dictionary of Orchestration includes those much-needed instrument ranges, general characteristics, tone quality descriptions, technical pitfalls, useful scoring tips and much more! Please share!
Top 5 Orchestration Books
As profession[ edit ] An orchestrator is a trained musical professional who assigns instruments from an orchestra or other musical ensemble to a piece of music written by a composer , or who adapts music composed for another medium for an orchestra. Orchestrators may work for musical theatre productions, film production companies or recording studios. Some orchestrators teach at colleges, conservatories or universities. The training done by orchestrators varies. Most have completed formal postsecondary education in music, such as a Bachelor of Music B. Orchestrators who work for film companies, musical theatre companies and other organizations may be hired solely based on their orchestration experience, even if they do not hold academic credentials.
Instrumentation and Orchestration
Instrumentation and orchestration
ISBN 13: 9780534251871


The western sand cherry (Prunus besseyi) is a small, deciduous, flowering shrub that grows 4 to 6 feet tall and maintains a rounded shape throughout its lifespan. Hardy in USDA Plant Hardiness zones 3 to 6, western sand cherry shrubs thrive in a variety of soils, and grow well in higher elevations. Spring brings a plethora of delicate white petals that spread their perfume, making way for grayish-green glossy leaves that will turn shades of red and orange. In the summer, the western sand cherry shrub bears sweet half-inch fruit that attracts local birds and other assorted wildlife.
Give newly planted shrubs a watering at least once per week. Allow hose to run at low pressure at the base of the plant for 5 to 10 minutes each time. Water established shrubs twice a month during the summer.
Apply fertilizer once a year in early spring or late fall and at a rate of 4 oz. per each foot of the shrub's height. Follow manufacturer's directions with regards to the application and dosage.
Apply mulch in early spring at a depth of 3 to 4 inches around the circumference of the shrub, making sure to leave the trunk and branches uncovered. Apply a fresh layer of mulch in late fall or early winter for added protection against severe cold.
Prune sand cherry shrubs in the spring after flowering is finished. Remove any dead wood or crossed branches by cutting off near the base of the branch. If the shrubs should become overgrown, thinning out the largest and oldest canes can restore appearance and encourage new, healthy growth.
Apply commercial animal repellent according to manufacturer's directions before winter to protect against damage during winter months. Repellents come in liquid, spray or granular form, and may need repeated applications during the winter months to remain effective.


Self-Care Strategies for a Healthy Mind and Body
In the hustle and bustle of our daily lives, it’s easy to neglect the most crucial aspect of our existence—our well-being. In a world that constantly demands our attention, practising self-care is not just a luxury; it’s a necessity. This blog post explores various self-care strategies to help you cultivate a healthy mind and body.
Prioritize Sleep: The Foundation of Well-Being
Quality sleep is the cornerstone of good health. Establish a consistent sleep routine, create a tranquil sleep environment, and prioritize rest. Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep each night to allow your body and mind to rejuvenate.
Mindful Eating: Fueling Your Body Right
Pay attention to what and how you eat. Practice mindful eating by savouring each bite, listening to your body’s hunger and fullness cues, and choosing nourishing, balanced meals. This not only benefits your physical health but also fosters a positive relationship with food.
Regular Exercise: Move Your Body, Boost Your Mood
Engage in regular physical activity to enhance both your physical and mental well-being. Whether it’s a brisk walk, a yoga session, or a gym workout, find activities that you enjoy. Exercise releases endorphins, which can significantly improve your mood.
Unplug and Recharge: Digital Detox for Mental Clarity
Constant connectivity can take a toll on your mental health. Dedicate time to unplug from electronic devices. Set boundaries for screen time, especially before bedtime, and engage in activities that foster real-world connections.
Cultivate a Hobby: Nurture Your Passion
Discover or rediscover a hobby that brings you joy and fulfilment. Whether it’s painting, gardening, reading, or playing an instrument, investing time in activities you love can be a powerful form of self-care.
Practice Stress-Relief Techniques: Calm Your Mind
Incorporate stress-relief techniques into your daily routine. This could include mindfulness meditation, deep breathing exercises, or progressive muscle relaxation. These practices can help calm your mind and reduce the impact of stress on your overall well-being.
Set Boundaries: Learn to Say No
Recognize your limits and be assertive about setting boundaries. Saying no when needed is a crucial aspect of self-care. Prioritize your well-being by managing your commitments and avoiding overextending yourself.
Connect with Others: Nurture Relationships
Human connections are vital for emotional well-being. Foster meaningful relationships with friends, family, or support groups. Share your thoughts and feelings, and be open to receiving support when needed.
Celebrate Achievements: Acknowledge Your Successes
Take the time to acknowledge and celebrate your achievements, no matter how small. This can boost your self-esteem and reinforce positive behaviours, creating a cycle of self-care and success.
Regular Check-Ins: Assess Your Well-Being
Conduct regular check-ins with yourself. Assess your mental and physical well-being, and make adjustments to your self-care routine as needed. Self-awareness is key to maintaining a healthy mind and body.
In the journey of life, self-care is not a destination but a continuous process. By prioritizing sleep, mindful eating, exercise, and other nurturing activities, you invest in your well-being. Remember, self-care is not selfish; it’s a fundamental step towards living a balanced, fulfilling life. Start incorporating these strategies into your routine today and witness the transformative power of self-care on your mind and body.
Caroline Holbrook: Psychotherapist | Life Coach | Counsellor
If you are looking for professional and qualified support in and around Sitges (Spain), then please call me directly at +34 603 63 29 24. I also offer online therapy, so call, WhatsApp or even email me at: firstname.lastname@example.org Either way, more information about the services I offer can be found here at the Here to Help website.


David Robertson // In the 1950s, the World Health Organization (WHO) engaged in a global effort to improve the treatment of institutionalized psychiatric patients. In the newly coined “developing nations” this support tended to target those in which a sizeable psychiatric infrastructure was already in place, including postcolonial nations like India and the Philippines. A leading goal of these efforts was to replicate in developing nations methods of non-custodial care, then being expanded in many developed countries under the rubric of deinstitutionalization. An internal WHO report from 1953 capturing this agenda suggested that ‘as a community’s economic development progresses the functions of the psychiatric hospital will extend beyond the care of [severely disturbed patients] as has already happened in all the countries of Western Europe and North America.’ Extending deinstitutionalization globally primarily meant transforming asylums into more open and community-engaged spaces and providing some of the treatments availed by modern psychiatry such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and antipsychotic medications.
Today, a small collection of photos survives documenting some of these projects. Examining these photos, it is clear such interventions were conceived as bringing a psychiatric enlightenment to the developing world that was thought to parallel its ongoing socioeconomic development. In the photos and reports from the era, psychiatry was regularly positioned as an enabler of social progress and development. A report from 1962, for instance, noted that the rejuvenation of backward institutional conditions in developing countries ‘provides an opportunity to experiment and to profit from the experience and the mistakes of the more advanced countries.’ Contrasted with the global situation which actually arose, the photos encapsulate a developmental vision that never quite came to fruition.
Below are two early images documenting the institutional conditions of the era. The first is an asylum in India and the second is the Mandaluyong Mental Hospital in Manila, the Philippines. In both, patients are seen sitting and wandering around the walled hospital grounds. Mandaluyong, designed to accommodate one thousand patients, was around this time (c.1960) accommodating in excess of four times that number.
Despite the evidently overcrowded conditions, the photo of Mandaluyong was said to demonstrate the progressive transformation of the institution ‘into a place for treatment and cure’ where the earlier ‘iron bars and grills within the patio compound’ had been removed.
The photos often highlight such processes of rejuvenation. In the following photo from Mandaluyong, for instance, Filipino psychiatrist Manuel Escudero is pictured, bright smile on his face, while overlooking the conversion of the hospital grounds. The image depicts the metamorphosis of a place of closed restraint and isolation into a modern mental hospital. ‘Under the guidance of Dr. Manuel Escudero,’ reads text accompanying one photo, ‘an “insane asylum” is being transformed into a place for treatment and cure where anyone can go for advice and assistance.’ In addition to demonstrating the ongoing labor necessary to modernize Philippine psychiatric institutions, it is easy to see such images as signifying the way deinstitutionalization was imagined to be part and parcel of socioeconomic development more generally.
In a similar photo, ‘criminally insane patients’ at Mandaluyong are photographed under supervision by the hospital’s neurologist (dressed in white and wearing the large, wide-brimmed hat) while digging terraces for an open amphitheater.
The images couple themes of rehabilitation and rejuvenation with the labor and technical supervision thought necessary for modernization. Such imagery is reinforced by later photos demonstrating the fruits of such labor. In the following picture, a recently built creative gardening section is shown.
Another shows Dr Manuel Escudero outlining the progress of his work at Mandaluyong to a team of visiting officials. Scrawled on the blackboard are such achievements as ‘restraints very much absent’ and ‘more tranquilizing drugs to be used.’
In their efforts to document the developments taking place before them, photographers also depicted the introduction of modern treatments. The following photo from a mental hospital in Cali, Colombia, depicts patients and nursing staff engaged in informal dance as part of newly introduced practices of group therapy.
Another depicts hospital staff at Mandaluyong attending to a patient who has just completed a session of ECT.
That progress was being made was often underlined by documenting the conditions preceding such changes. In an article entitled ‘Brighter Prospects,’ the Colombian psychiatrist Carlos León displayed the following patient, noting that despite his apparent cheerfulness ‘his recovery and rehabilitation were all too likely to be retarded by such primitive conditions.’
Alongside another image of a withdrawn patient, León wrote favorably of the potential new pharmacological treatments of the era: ‘Today, a distracted and bewildered individual; tomorrow, perhaps, another useful citizen.’ Contrasting images of unoccupied and restrained patients in dull, concrete institutions against images of white-jacketed doctors and engaged patients emphasized that development and the provision of the scientific tools of psychiatry were part and parcel of the same convergent processes of modernization.
While such a contrast creates an attractive teleological narrative, historical developments have not been so simple. Globally, trajectories of deinstitutionalization have been neither uniform nor linear. In developed countries deinstitutionalization has had a range of consequences including escalating prison numbers (most dramatically in the United States) and a collapse in the number of hospital beds provided for psychiatric patients. Meanwhile, the number of psychiatrists available in lower-income countries remains tragically inadequate, and mental health is often low on the ladder of public health priorities. Increasingly, new stop-gap measures such as the training of lay counselors is resorted to “where there is no psychiatrist,” to quote the title of one contribution to this emerging form of intervention.
Far from following a convergent script of socioeconomic development accompanied by psychiatric enlightenment that is suggested by these photos, the global expansion of mental health institutions has been an overwhelmingly uneven process. In some lower-income countries, confinement and restraint continue as practices sometimes used for dealing with severely psychotic patients. This is also the case in some wealthier nations, Indonesia being one prominent example. Like narratives of “epidemiological transition” in global health more broadly, the international expansion of psychiatry’s institutions, practices, and personnel over the past seventy years has taken diverse routes with often unpredictable outcomes. None of this, of course, is to cast aspersion on all the work undertaken by the WHO and collaborating institutions and physicians. But revisiting photos from this era provides a vivid reminder of the failure to bring into being a world that was not too long ago believed to be in utero.
– Photos reproduced with permission from the World Health Organization. Some photos have been edited to ensure anonymity.
 “Third Report: The Community Mental Hospital,” (Geneva: World Health Organization, 1953), p. 3.
 “WHO and Mental Health, 1949-1961,” (Geneva: World Health Organization, 1962), p. 7.
 Carlos A. León, “Brighter Prospects,” World Health: The Magazine of the World Health Organization, October 1974, p. 33.
 Dae-Young Kim, “Psychiatric Deinstitutionalization and Prison Population Growth: A Critical Literature Review and Its Implications,” Criminal Justice Policy Review 27, no. 1 (2016).
 Vikram Patel, Where There Is No Psychiatrist: A Mental Health Care Manual (Glasgow: Gaskell, 2002).
 Hans Pols and Sasanto Wibisono, “Psychiatry and Mental Health Care in Indonesia from Colonial to Modern Times,” in Mental Health in Asia and the Pacific: Historical and Cultural Perspectives, ed. Harry Minas and Milton Lewis (New York: Springer, 2017).
 Julie Livingstone, Improvising Medicine: An African Oncology Ward in an Emerging Cancer Epidemic (Durham: Duke University Press, 2012), p. 34.


The Paradox of Voice User Interfaces
I’ve recently been thinking about how more and more consumer products have incorporated Voice User Interfaces (VUIs). It makes sense; using our voice to communicate feels natural. Most people are used to communicating with each other using their voice. So why not communicate with computers this way?
Despite the recent trend of VUIs, the desire to talk to computers is not so new. Their development actually began almost 40 years ago — far longer than the internet as we know it has been around.
I came across a short video that demonstrates a voice and gesture based interaction from the MIT Media Lab in 1979. The video shows a man sitting in a chair, pointing a remote at a large projected screen. He uses the remote to move a cursor on the screen, then uses his voice to tell the computer to draw a shape where the cursor is. He draws a few shapes of different colors and then gives the computer directions to move some of the shapes to different places on the screen, relative to each other.
At the end of the video, the demonstrator tells the computer to “put a large green circle there.” He points the remote towards the left side of the screen, and a large red circle appears. Oops.
What’s striking to me about this demonstration is how similar it feels to using one of today’s voice-controlled products. The frustration the demonstrator experiences at the end of the video when the computer misunderstands him is all too familiar.
Not only is it frustrating when a computer misunderstands you, but it’s frustrating when a human misunderstands you. We already experience this frustration in our day to day life, and here we are building into our products. Talk about the paradox of making technology more human.
There’s more hiding in this paradox. Misunderstandings often come from not being specific enough with our words. Yet the real power of voice user interfaces comes from our ability to use specific language with them. Instead of clicking through multiple menus or layers of a UI to select an option, we’re able to vocalize a specific command. We have direct access to every action through our voice. Yet, it’s often difficult to be entirely specific with our words.
For example, think about the interface for a color picker. On a graphic user interface, it doesn’t take much to select a color. But without any sort of visual interface, how would you describe that color with your voice? There are over 16 million colors in the RBG spectrum yet we have only 50, maybe 100 words to describe colors.
In the video, the demonstrator names a few basic colors. He’s probably limited to a select list. But if he weren’t, it would be pretty difficult to describe an exact color on the RBG spectrum. And whose fault is that? The human, for having a limited set of words for which to describe one of 16 million colors? Or is it the computer’s fault, for not having the capability to infer what the human wants based on the context of the vocal command?
I suppose it may be neither entity’s fault. Picking colors is certainly a calculated example where VUIs obviously fall short, since colors are visual, not aural. But it does show that the limits of our interfaces are not always defined simply by what we can and cannot program them to do. Sometimes it’s our own limits as humans, like the inability to describe 16 million colors, that can keep us from communicating effectively.
Almost 40 years later, we’re still searching for the best ways to incorporate VUIs into our products. I don’t believe we’ve gotten it right just yet, but if they understand the difference between green and red, well… things can’t be too tough from here.


What is the function of ritual?
Dr. Ramdas Lamb discusses the importance of rituals in our lives because they “mark our existence”. He has had first-hand experience both in leading various rituals as well as being a participant and says they are useful in highlighting important moments for each of us.
Lamb, Ramdas and Benney, Alfred. Created by Alfred Benney. "Dr. Ramdas Lamb Engages with the Question: What is the Function of Ritual?" June 1999. DigitalCommons@Fairfield. Web. https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/asrvideos/204
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.


Family : Acéracées
Type : Tree
Height : 15 to 25 m
Exposure : Sunny, not hot
Ground : Ordinary
Foliage : Void
Flowering : February-April
Choose a sunny or slightly to’shade.
Follow us planting tips and maintain a good level of’soil moisture in mulching s foot’tree in the early years.
The root system is very dense, so it is advisable not to plant this tree too close’a house or even’terrace.
Remove dead branches and ensure that’it remains well ventilated.
L’Maple is known for its uniquely shaped leaves and very flamboyant colors during’fall.
It grows quickly and otherwise hardiness makes a tree capable of s’adapt to all environments.
The flowers, which usually appear at the end of the’winter, are yellow, orange or red.
Beekeepers know that the’Maple is an important source of nectar for his bees.
If’Maple is the symbol of the 58 years of marriage in France, it is also one of the Canadian flag.
Diseases and parasites of’Maple:
Malignant Council about the’Maple:
Before treatment to believe’environment because the treatments on’tree is not always necessary and rarely required.


Sophie Kaplan is a sophomore at The George Washington University studying political communication. She heard of Planet Forward’s Storyfest 2016 contest from her professor, Dr. Cheers, who is also the educational partnerships coordinator for Planet Forward. For her submission, Sophie created a video that focused on Compost Cab, an organization that encourages local composting to create hundreds of pounds of nutrient-rich, fertile and natural soil.
We asked her a few questions to learn more about her entry.
Q: Describe Compost Cab’s innovation in simple terms for those who have never heard about it.
A: Compost Cab is a company that picks up your waste for you — similar to garbage truck — except they only take your food scraps and use it to make fertile soil.
Q: What was the process behind creating your submission? Why did you choose to communicate your innovation through this video format?
A: I really wanted to do my project on Compost Cab but I was having a hard time getting in contact with them. After 5 calls and a few emails, I finally got a hold of them and set up a time to interview the founder, Jeremy, and go to the compost site and farmers market. I had a really good time filming this video. The compost site was in the National Arboretum. After I was done filming, I helped them unload all the waste and start the composting process. I think video is a really fun and interactive way to communicate (a message). It engages a variety of senses...
Q: Why is this innovation so important to you? Why do you think it is one of the most essential methods to help sustainable cities?
A: I really wanted to find an innovation about trash. My dad worked on landfills and waste treatment plants when I was younger. It always baffled me when I was younger that we just buried all of our trash. In a city that is growing exponentially, where we put our trash is becoming a really important question. Composting is a way to reduce the waste that we produce but also to reuse our waste and put it back into the cycle of earth. This innovation makes it easier for people and families to participate in this cycle of life.
(Editor's note: Answers edited for grammar and spelling.)


2. Adjective. Being or that is a grapheme; being or that is a irreducibly meaningful unit of written language. ¹
¹ Source: wiktionary.com
Definition of Graphemic
Click the following link to bring up a new window with an automated collection of images related to the term: Graphemic Images
Lexicographical Neighbors of Graphemic
Literary usage of Graphemic
Below you will find example usage of this term as found in modern and/or classical literature:
1. From Latin to Spanish by Paul M. Lloyd (1987)
"This graphemic system finally broke down when the initial /(-/ was replaced by /h-/ and the sibilants merged. Allen contends that the scribal practices he ..."
2. Occitan Translations of John XII and Xiii-XVII from a Fourteenth-Century by Marvyn Roy Harris (1985)
"... to incorporate traits from dialects spread over a larger area.39 The region from which a scripta can draw on linguistic traits and graphemic habits can, ..."
3. Teaching Children to Be Literate: A Reflective Approach by Anthony V. Manzo, Ula Casale Manzo (1995)
"... otherwise suitable to oral use, while its print, or graphemic, characteristics remain fairly constant. This is especially the case with function words. ..."
4. Final Evaluation Of The Results Of Eurotra: A Specific Programme Concerning ...by DIANE Publishing Company by DIANE Publishing Company (2004)
"... University of Göteborg ,¡ 1986 Permanent Secretary of the Swedish Academy Publications (Selection) graphemic Analysis as a Basis for Text Editing 1-2, ..."


Dr. W. Jean Dodds is a world renown vaccine research scientist and founder of Hemopet, a nonprofit animal blood bank in Southern California. Her latest book is "The Canine Thyroid Epidemic: Answers You Need to Know for Your Dog," written with Diana R. Laverdure (Dogwise Publishing, 175pp., $19.95). She answers this week's questions about canine...
Dr. W. Jean Dodds is a world renown vaccine research scientist and founder of Hemopet, a nonprofit animal blood bank in Southern California.
Her latest book is
“The Canine Thyroid Epidemic: Answers You Need to Know for Your Dog,” written with Diana R. Laverdure (Dogwise Publishing, 175pp., $19.95). She answers this week’s questions about canine thyroid disease.
Question: What role does thyroid play in a dog’s health and function?
Answer: In all mammals, the major “master glands” that basically control all body functions are the pituitary gland in the head and thyroid gland in the neck.
The pituitary gland “tells’ the thyroid gland what to do, based on the blood levels of free thyroid hormones that circulate through it. When these levels are low, the pituitary gland releases a hormone called thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which causes the thyroid gland to increase its output of thyroid hormones.
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By contrast, when the circulating levels of thyroid hormones are high, the pituitary gland releases less TSH to reduce further output of thyroid hormones.
Question: Why is it so important?
Answer: Because thyroid hormones, released from thyroid glands, control all the organ and cellular functions of the body.
Question: You say there is an epidemic in canine thyroid disease. Please explain how you reached this conclusion.
Answer: Decades of line breeding and inbreeding within purebred dog breeds — and even the crossbreeds and mixed breeds — were designed to “fix” the physical appearance, behavioral and performance traits of particular breed types to standardize the breeds and make them more alike genetically. However, this also placed them at an increased risk of being affected by undesirable health or behavioral conditions.
When we add the increasing effect of pollution of our environment, depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere, accumulation of toxic wastes and appearance of more infectious agents, parasites and chemicals to this genetically similar and thus susceptible population of dogs (or other animal species and humans), the increase in autoimmune conditions, including endocrine disorders, becomes inevitable.
Thyroid disease is one of the most vulnerable of these conditions.
Question: Why is the epidemic such a serious issue?
Answer: Because thyroid dysfunction directly affects the health and longevity of the body.


Baffin further suggested that if there was a Passage it must now be sought by Davis Strait.
The doctor wanted to know if the current existed also in Baffin's Sea.
Sailing south, but some way from land, a wide opening appeared which answered exactly to the Lancaster Sound of Baffin.
Luck would have it so, or Baffin's Bay wouldn't have been closed.
"It is here that the gulf stream meets the cold currents and ice from Baffin's Bay," said Kit.
They crossed on sleds to Baffin Island and in homemade boats to Greenland.
Notes on the mammals of south and central west Baffin Island.
Exploration of the bay, to which his name has been given, by Baffin.
The same day they passed an inlet, to which Baffin had given the name of Wolstenholme Sound.
The last group of natives belonging to Baffin Land are those of Iglulik.


The “postmodern world” was coined in the school of thought, which acts to deny the objective truth and global cultural narratives.
Some of its main emphasis lay on the role of language, relations in power and most of all motivations. Literally this term means “after modernization”. Postmodern thinking has influenced various fields in humanity such as photography, linguistics, literally criticism and history. Modernity may have ended in the late 20th century as some schools of thought seem to point out. Others however seem to elongate its existence to cover some tidbits to include various developments in the postmodern era (Giddens, 1990). The postmodern world is different from everything that came before it in a variety of ways.
It usually lays emphasis on “impressionism and subjectivity” in writing. This is different from modernity in the sense that modernity used to focus on “what” is usually perceived instead of “how” it is perceived. In literature, poems are perceived to be more of documentary rather than just a piece of writing. The postmodern world also tends to promote a self conscious character among humans. It also tends to ignore the notion of “high-low cultures”.
Postmodernism perceives reason to be the ultimate judge of what is true and thus the right thing (Giddens, 1990). Freedom in this postmodern era is thereby observed to be the obedience of laws which are formulated by reason. Jean- Paul Sartre gave a lecture in 1946 to defend Existentialism as Humanism. He begins by addressing the question of what perceive to be existentialism by comparing Christians and Existentialists. He laments that both of these divides believe that “existence comes before essence”.
Sartre who considers himself as an Atheistic Existentialism argues that if God did not exist then there is at least a being whose “existence” comes before essence. Sartre argues that the human is nothing else except that he makes himself to be something which is described as subjectivity. The author points’ out that man is usually responsible for what he is. The author suggests that everything is permitted if God did not exist and hence man finds himself “forlorn”. The authors perceptions that man is condemned to be free in the sense that although he may be free he did not create himself is true.
Sartre reaffirms his position that man is responsible for what he becomes and this postmodern reasoning is actually the dominant spirit in many human who think this way (Sartre, 1981).


All-black crow with an unusually slender bill. Found in a wide variety of open country habitats, including desert, dry savanna, montane grassland, and cultivation. Usually in pairs or small flocks; feeds by walking along the ground. Common call is a typical of crows: a gruff caw. Also gives variable rasping and bubbling vocalizations. The slim bill separates it from all other crows in its range. Lacks the gray neck and breast of House Crow.


15 PHOSPHORUS P (Greek: phosphoros = bringer of light)
Phosphorus is a non metallic element which can exist in four different allotropic forms, some of which occur free in nature. White phosphorus has a melting point of 44 Celsius is is based on the tetragonally shaped P4 unit, and is a waxy, poisonous solid which ignites spontaneously in air forming phosphorus pentoxide. Red phosphorus is non-poisonous and ignites in air only when heated above 300 Celsius. Violet phosphorus has a higher density and melting point and black phosphorus is a black metallic substance obtainable only at high temperatures and pressures. Elemental red phosphorus was used in matches until it was discovered it caused a medical condition known as 'phossy jaw', but is now chemically combined with sulphur, to form the red coloured polycyclic compound, P4S3, which, with potassium chlorate KClO3 as oxidant, is used in strike-anywhere match heads. Other polycyclic sulphides are P4S4, P4S5, P4S6, P4S7 and P4S9.
Phosphorus exhibits valences of three or five, and can form many varied compounds. So called phosphorus pentoxide, but in reality the adamantane-shaped molecule P4O10, is a white poisonous substance and is used as a fertilizer. It is hygroscopic with a great affinity for water, with which it forms phosphoric acid, H3PO4, and is thus used as a desiccant. Some steel is dipped into phosphoric acid to inhibit corrosion. There are salts of three orthophosphates, MH2PO4 which are acidic, M2HPO4 which are neutral, and M3PO4 which are alkaline, in aqueous solutions. Phosphorus trioxide, P4O6, mixed with cold water forms phosphorus acid, H3PO3, whose salts are called phosphites. Other acids are: hypophosphorous, H3PO2; hypophosphoric, H4P2O6; pyrophosphoric, H4P2O7; metaphosphoric, HPO3; permonophosphoric, H3PO5; and perdiphosphoric, and H4P2O8. Some compounds of phosphorus are phosphorescent, that is they absorb light and re-emit it later as a greenish glow.
Phosphorus is commonly found as phosphates (especially calcium phosphate from bird droppings) in dry areas of the world, and is also present in plants and animals (where it occurs in bones as apatite, Ca5(Cl,F)(PO4)3, mineralised calcium phosphate). Phosphorus is obtained from calcium phosphate by heating it in an electric arc furnace to about 1450 Celsius with sand and carbon. Phosphates are deliberately added to drinking water supplies to prevent the leaching of metal atoms from household water pipes. The phosphates form a surface coating of insoluble complexes with the copper, lead or iron of the pipes, preventing leaching of poisonous metals from the pipes.
Phosphorus is added to bronze making phosphor bronze which is cast to produce slightly porous bearings capable of holding lubricating oil. The hydride, phosphine, PH3, otherwise known as Will o'th Wisp which rises from marshes and stinks, ignites spontaneously in air. Phosphorus dihydride, P2H4, the analogue of hydrazine, is a clear liquid. Phosphorus can be combined with gallium and arsenic to produce red emitting LEDs in GaAsP devices, or used as a dopant of silicon to make n-type semiconductor. A range of organophosphate compounds are used as sheep dip, insecticide sprays and nerve gases, but are extremely poisonous to man (and probably beast).
Phosphorus exists as just one stable isotope, phosphorus-31. In addition, 11 radioactive isotopes are known, from P-26 to P-38.
Claim to fame:


1. Be acquainted with the reasons why Mormons sought to establish a new home in the West.
a. Polygamy, Persecution, etc.
b. Great Salt Lake Valley, "The Place"
2. The first group of Mormon settlers who entered the Salt Lake Valley in 1847 were known as the Vanguard Company. Be familiar with those who comprised their group and the Vanguard's role in Mormon migration. How many individuals were in this first group and what activities did they engage in when they entered the valley? How many people were in the valley by the winter of 1847?
a. Pioneers of 1847
b. Great Salt Lake Valley, "The Place"
c. Pioneer Work on Preparations for the Long, Dusty Road Ahead
3. Settlement of Salt Lake City followed a plan known as the "City of Zion" plan. Understand the characteristics of the pattern and it's importance in future settlements in Utah. Be familiar with some of the early settlements after Salt Lake City.
a. Settlement and Exploration
b. Brief History of Utah
4. Though Utah's population during the settlement period was vastly Mormon, it was still ethnically varied. Be familiar with this ethnic diversity and some of the ethnic population that immigrated to Utah as Mormons.
a. Imperial Zion
b. After Escalante
c. Utah's Immigration
d. Scandinavian Saga
5. What natural resources were available to the settlers and how did they manage them? The Salt Lake valley has often been characterized as a desert. What was the environment and climate of the Salt Lake Valley?
a. State of Deseret
b. Colonization of Utah
c. Physical Geography of Utah
6. Be familiar with how the settlers change the land in settlement, not just in the Salt Lake Valley but in all areas of Utah.
7. What were some of the difficulties the settlers experienced in the first few years of settlement?
a. Virgin River
8. Understand the state of early agriculture and early industry. What was cooperative economics?
a. Brief History of Utah
b. Salt Lake City
9. Understand the development of early communication and transportation systems of early Utah.
b. Fillmore, Utah's First Capitol
c. Brief History of Utah
e. Life in Early Utah
f. Pony Express in Utah
g. Pony Express Added A Colorful Chapter in Utah History
h. Steam Boat Era
10. Understand Brigham Young's "Indian Policy." What was the cause of trouble between American Indians and the Mormon settlers? Recognize that as Mormons expanded, tension increased between Mormons and American Indian.
a. Native Americans
b. Black Hawk War
c. The Utes, Southern Paiutes, and Goshutes
11. Be familiar with Mormon-American Indian conflicts.
a. The Navajos of Utah
b. The Paiute Tribe of Utah
c. The White Mesa Utes
d. The Northern Utes of Utah
e. Walker War
f. Black Hawk War
12. What was the nature of conflict between Utah settlers and the federal government? What events occurred because of this conflict?
a. Salt Lake City
b. Polygamy, Persecution, etc.
13. What was the structure of early Territorial government? Who was the first Territorial Governor? Who were other Territorial Governors? Which governors got along with the Utah Mormons and which did not? For what reasons?
a. The Territorial Governors
b. Chronology of Utah's Struggle for Statehood
d. Utah's Governors
e. Brief History of Utah
14. How did the Civil War affect Utah? Understand the purpose of Fort Douglas.
a. Utah and the Civil War
b. Colonel Connor
c. History of Fort Douglas
d. Wasatch Mountains
e. Fort Founded on East Bench Offensive to Young
f. Fort Douglas
15. What was the role of the cattle industry in early Utah economics?
a. Cowboys and the Cattle Industry
b. Old La Sal Was Once a Thriving Cow Town
c. Cattle Kingdom
16. Who were the bad boys of Utah? There was a certain outlaw element that occupied the desert lands of southeastern Utah. What was the "Robbers Roost" and who were the infamous individuals associated with it?
a. Robber's Roost...Haven for Outlaws
b. Etta Place
c. Utah Had...Gunfights
d. Myths and Legends of Butch Cassidy
e. Butch Cassidy
f. Butch Cassidy and Sundance
g. Bones in Bolivia


Tags: Critical Thinking Larry WrightLibrary System ThesisCritical Essays FrankensteinEssays On Travelling As A Means Of EducationMarijuana Dispensary Business PlanMri In A Pictorial EssayLiterature Review On Risk Management In Banks
During the scene with Hamlet and Gertrude in her chamber, Hamlet accused Gertrude of betraying his father; but, his speech was interrupted by the ghost of his father.In the first appearances of the ghost, there were multiple characters that could see him; however, in this seen only Hamlet could see the ghost.
There are little incidents that tell the truth of his state of mind. He acts in a calm and rational manner (most of the time) when planning, and when carrying out this plan, acts irrational.
Everything he does is done for a viable reason; there is a purpose to what he does and why he does it.
This, among other events, is believed to drive Hamlet insane.
But he is not insane, he merely puts on an act because he craves attention, and is really quite sane.
Therefore, Hamlet himself admitted to his madness, which killed Polonius.
Lastly, Hamlet’s hallucinations of the ghost of his father proved that Hamlet was mad.Hamlet is Mad In the play, Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, there was quite a controversy to whether the main character, Hamlet, pretended to be mad or was indeed mad.Throughout the play, Hamlet put-on an act of madness to appear innocent, however, through Hamlets desire for revenge his illusion of madness became reality.Also, Hamlet is aware of what is going on around him, something someone insane would not see. When the acting company comes along, Hamlet talks to himself discussing that the play will bring about the conscience of the killer.He thinks of a play where a man is killed by someone close, something that resembles Hamlet's father's murder.People insane do not think to plan ahead and do not act in rational manner.When Hamlet does act irrationally, it is in front of people; it is as if Hamlet wants the world to think he is insane.On the other hand, Hamlet’s sufferings are so strong that they cloud his vision of the world at large.Hamlet’s usage of words and phrases, especially referring to his mother, indicates that he can’t think clearly and his mind is blurred.This was not done in a state of insanity, and it was not spurr-of-the-moment idea.Hamlet thought this through and planned it out ahead.


Sharp Tusks, Long Nose
Red river hogs usually live in and around thickets, forests, savannahs and swamps. They are very sociable animals that live in groups called ‘sounders’ containing up to 15 animals. Red river hogs are mainly active at night. They spend the daytime hiding in dense vegetation. After sunset, they roam around in troops, in search for food. The red river hog is a good swimmer but is unable to hold its breath for long. As its name suggests, it has a striking red fur. There is a vague, white line that runs over the back. The animal has a blank face mask around the eyes, on the cheeks and on the jaws. The muzzle and the face are black. Both males and females have tusks, though the male’s tusks are much larger.
Red river hogs are around two and a half feet tall and weigh between 100 and 250 lbs. This means that they are as tall as a two year old kid, but can weigh as much as two fourteen year old teenagers put together. Sharp tusks, tough hooves and a long nose help red river hogs root around in the soil in search of food. They use their good sense of smell to find and uncover food, then use the top of their nose for shoveling. Their diet is made up of grasses, water plants, roots, bulbs and fruit, as well as carrion and small animals. Red river hogs are relatively common and widespread. However, hunting affects the species in some areas and as a result, populations in these areas need to be monitored carefully.


Epidemiological features of chronic low-back pain
Although the literature is filled with information about the prevalence and incidence of back pain in general, there is less information about chronic back pain, partly because of a lack of agreement about definition. Chronic back pain is sometimes defined as back pain that lasts for longer than 7–12 weeks. Others define it as pain that lasts beyond the expected period of healing, and acknowledge that chronic pain may not have well-defined underlying pathological causes. Others classify frequently recurring back pain as chronic pain since it intermittently affects an individual over a long period. Most national insurance and industrial sources of data include only those individuals in whom symptoms result in loss of days at work or other disability. Thus, even less is known about the epidemiology of chronic low-back pain with no associated work disability or compensation. Chronic low-back pain has also become a diagnosis of convenience for many perople who are actually disabled for socioeconomic, work-related, or psychological reasons. In fact, some people argue that chronic disability in back pain is primarily related to a psychosocial dysfunction. Because the validity and reliability of some of the existing data are uncertain, caution is needed in an assessment of the information on this type of pain.
Pain Management and Therapy
Mail ID: Painmanagement@emedscholar.com


Pediatric Brain Tumors and Brain Cancer – Funding Is Key for Research and Support
Every day, across America, people are talking about the progress being made in medical research, or the support provided to patients and families affected by a devastating disease or illness. One thing that often gets lost in these conversations is the issue of money. Research can only move forward if there's funding to support it. Nonprofit organizations and other support groups operate primarily from donations; and even fundraising activities require a budget of some sort. None of these can happen without money.
And, somewhere out there, right now, a group of parents is having that very conversation about the deadliest of all childhood cancers-pediatric brain tumors and brain cancer. What's the latest in research? What kind of support is out there for the kids and families? Why is not more being done, and faster? It is the mission of the nonprofit organizations that support this worthy cause to provide answers to these questions, and they understand that the answers come through proper funding.
Research on the causes and cures of pediatric brain tumors and brain cancer is ongoing, but often progresses at a slower rate than desired. There have, however, been some recent successes in this area of research, including the creation of a tissue consortium, and the publication of a major study of medulloblastoma, a type of brain tumor typically found in children. ("The Genetic Landscape of the Childhood Cancer Medulloblastoma"; Science, published online December 16, 2010.)
Through a variety of programs and services, most nonprofit organizations work to meet the needs of these young patients and their families. Services such as support groups and various family events, as well as assistance with a variety of issues relating to care, treatment, and financial aid give these families the sense that they are not alone on this difficult journey.
Awareness and Education
Anyone who owns or operates a business understands the necessity of marketing. Awareness of the product or services offered is critical to the success of that business. Of course, successful marketing requires a sufficient source of funds to "get the word out."
In that sense, nonprofit organizations are no different than any other business. In order to promote awareness of pediatric brain tumors and brain cancer, there must be a solid marketing plan in place. How else will the average person learn that every day, across this country …
• Nine families will learn their child has a brain or spinal cord tumor;
• Three families will mourn the loss of their child to a brain or spinal cord tumor; and
• Six families will transition to survivorship.
Funding for the ongoing research and essential services provided by the nonprofit groups comes primarily from a mix of events, direct response, online fundraising, and major and planned gift solicitation. For the most part, events institute the predominant source of funds to back these activities.
With adequate funding, progress can continue that will improve the treatment, quality of life and long-term opportunities for children with brain and spinal cord tumors.
How does the old saying go? "No gift is too small; no kind gesture goes unnoticed." Contact a nonprofit organization today to find out how you can help in the fight against pediatric brain tumors and brain cancers.


During the reign of his grandfather, João I, Ceuta had been conquered from the king of Morocco, and now the new king wanted to expand the conquests.
|Siege of Arzila (Asilah) - Pastrana Tapestries - c.1475-1500|
When the campaigns in Africa were over, Afonso V found new grounds for battle in neighbouring Castile. In 1474, King Henry IV of Castile died without a male heir. From his two marriages, only a daughter, Joana of Castile, had been born. But her paternity was questioned, and it was rumoured that the queen, Joana of Portugal, had an affair with a nobleman named Beltrán de La Cueva.
Her father's half-sister, the future Queen Isabella I of Castile, was due to inherit the crown, but Afonso V was persuaded to intervene in the succession. In 1475 he married his niece Jonna, whom he considered the legitimate heir to the crown. He proclaimed himself King of Castile and León and prepared to defend his wife's rights.
|Afonso V´s Royal Standard during the Castillian War of Succession: the Leon & Castille coat of arms was added to the Royal Portuguese flag.|
After the indecisive Battle of Toro in 1476 against King Ferdinand II of Aragon, the husband of Isabella I of Castile, he went to France to obtain the assistance of Louis XI, but finding himself deceived by the French monarch, he returned to Portugal in 1477.
|Afonso V´s personal "enterprise": a watermill, spreading silver waterdrops|
Disillusioned, he abdicated in favour of his son, João II. After this, he retired to a monastery in Sintra where he died in 1481.


I am fascinated by how knitting has become a powerful tool for political action. Below are just some examples - I am sure there are plenty more!
In Australia, the Knitting Nannas Against (Coal Seam) Gas, use their knitting needles and their craft in their protests against coal seam gas. Watch this Knitting Nannas video and listen to the women who are part of this movement. The beauty of the project is that it is far more than a protest group against coal seam gas - it is a movement that brings communities together and builds new connections.
As one of the women says in the video: "We have always been conservative national party voters, and now to be protesting outside our national party member's office every Thursday (laughs) with the knitting nannas… people from all socio-economic groups… hippies, people with piercings, farmers, musicians, we're all friends now... And I think we always will be, whether this is a long fight or not."
Australia is not the only country where knitters come together to build communities, raise awareness or create projects that encourage people to talk about controversial or complex issues.
The 2013 yarn bombing of the Panzer tank outside the Military History Museum in Dresden is another example. A group of female artists called for knitters to help knit a 'cardigan' for a Leopard 1 tank outside the Military History Museum in Dresden. The project proceeded with the cooperation of the German army (the Bundeswehr). In fact, the video below (in German only) was produced by the Bundeswehr and posted on the Bundeswehr Youtube channel.
The project attracted a wide range of participants, from young hipsters to older women who had experienced the second world war themselves and wanted to share their stories and their experiences with war. The Bundeswehr was initially sceptical but decided to participate and allowed for the project to go ahead.
As the speaker for the Bundeswehr explains in the video: "It wasn't just a funny idea, but this is about what art actually is, namely communication. Communication about war and violence." The narrator continues: "And communication continues now not only in the Louisenkombinat (the artists' group), but in the Military History Museum."
Not everybody agreed with the project. While many thought that the fact that the Bundeswehr was willing to participate in this project showed that they were part of a modern democracy, others felt strongly that this was demeaning to the army and downplayed the seriousness of war and should not have been allowed.
Of course, using knitting to support a worthy cause has a long history. In World War I, women were asked to knit socks for the soldiers and knitting became part of the patriotic war effort. The Australian War Memorial has this Knitting Poem in its collection, which asks women to do their part:
Reminiscent of the World War I effort, charity knitting projects in Australia ask people to knit and donate blankets to the homeless, to knit pouches for injured kangaroos looked after by Wildlife Rescue or to help children in hospital with beanies, caps, socks or jumpers.
And then there are the Chilean "Hombres Tejedores", the men who knit in public to raise awareness for equality and against violence. Below is a video of one of their recent public appearances in November 2016 at the National Art Museum in Santiago de Chile.
The latest very prominent edition of political knitting is the 'pussy hat' movement which made its first appearance when thousands of women were wearing handmade pink "pussy hats" during a protest march against US President Donald Trump. It has since morphed into a wider women's rights movement. If you are looking for a pattern to make your very own "pussy hat", have a look at their website at https://www.pussyhatproject.com.
(In case you are wondering, yes, we do stock pink yarn - have a look at our pink yarns across all our yarn qualities, from cotton to wool!)
So why is it that people knit for charity or for political causes? Sometimes, the reasons are clearly practical: Knitting is a way to keep others warm, although one could argue that donating money to buy clothes could sometimes achieve the same thing and possibly be more effective.
However, as all the above examples show, knitting is also - and maybe even more importantly - a tool to connect people and their causes. Charity knitting is more than the act of donating an item, it is a way of creating connections - connections between the donor and the recipient or recipient organisation, but also connections between knitters who may get together and jointly participate in these projects. The result is more than 'just' providing people or animals with warm garments, blankets or other items, it is a creative and active way of strengthening our community.
Maybe knitting is so effective as a political tool precisely because it is essentially a private craft, something usually done at home or in a circle of friends. Bringing the personal out into the political sphere makes the protest itself very personal and powerful. The Knitting Nannas look pretty harmless with their knitting gear, but seeing burly police officers arrest knitting grandmothers for their protest against coal seam gas highlights the power imbalance between between big corporations and the people who are trying to defend the communities and the environment they are part of.
The pussy hat movement could have asked people to don a pink baseball cap or any pink hat. Instead, everyone wore something they had made themselves or that someone else had handmade for them. This creates an interesting effect - while every person (men and women) is wearing the same style of hat and the same colour, each hat is different, highlighting the individual as well as the community.
Knitting is also a craft that allows you to slow down, to focus, and to be creative. As such, it is an antidote to the consumerism and the buy and throw-away culture that is so pervasive in our modern society.
I am interested to hear what you think of knitting as a political tool. Do you think this is a good idea? Do you participate in any projects yourself? Do you have an idea for a knitting project that you would like to promote? We would love to hear from you!


Early Mechanical Timekeeping
The standard clock produced in the colonies during the 18th century was a brass-movement tallcase clock. Many skills were required to build this type of clock, skill passed down through an apprenticeship, usually seven years of training. Although the earliest craftsmen probably carried out all processes themselves, in the latter part of the century an increasing number of rough castings of metal components for movements and cases were available from England.
As clockmakers became more numerous and specialized skills more diverse, clocks were more and more frequently the product of collective labor. In their book, Clock Making in New England, 1725-1825, Philip Zea and Robert C. Cheney shed light on many trades involved in the production of a tallcase clock.
A brass and lead founder cast parts of the movement, pendulum, and the weights; a bell founder cast the resonant tone into the metal; a brazier made the sheet metal of the dial; a die maker cut the screws; the maker of springs allowed the lever in the movement to perform; an ironmonger stockpiled material of appropriate grade; and a blacksmith made iron fasteners like nails and pins.
Even the most self-sufficient clockmakers rarely did their own casework as cabinetmaking was a separate craft. Cabinetmakers constructed cases in size, fashion, and ornamentation to suit the buyer and his pocketbook. Clockmakers and cabinetmakers often worked in tandem so that the finished clock could be fitted to the new case before delivery to the customer.


The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the SI derived unit of pressure, internal pressure, stress, Young s modules and tensile strength, defined as one newton per square metre. Pressure is a measure of force per unit area. It is named after the French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and philosopher Blaise Pascal.
Common multiple units of the pascal are the hectopascal (1 hPa ≡ 100 Pa) which is equal to 1 mbar, the kilopascal (1 kPa ≡ 1000 Pa), the megapascal (1 MPa ≡ 1,000,000 Pa), and the gigapascal (1 GPa ≡ 1,000,000,000 Pa).
On Earth, standard atmosphere pressure is defined as 101.325 kPa. Meteorological barometric pressure reports typically report atmospheric pressure in hectopascals, corresponding to about 0.1% of atmospheric pressure. The main corresponding imperial and US customary unit is the pound per square inch (psi); in the context of meteorology, the inch of mercury may also be encountered.