Helping You Become a More Successful Gardener
Forest & Kim Starr
The fiery fruits of this large gaunt evergreen shrub from Taiwan put on a spectacular show from fall into winter. Spiny red-brown branches set with whorls of oblong glossy green leaves bear clusters of small white flowers in spring. Globular to disk-shaped berries follow the flowers, ripening from green to orange-red in fall. The fruits persist well into winter, and are largely shunned by birds. This shrub is hardy only in areas with relatively mild winters.
Formosa firethorn does best in well-drained soil in full sun, and tolerates a wide variety of soils and exposures once established. Its rather ragged habit benefits from an occasional pruning. Its cultivars (including 'Santa Cruz' and ' Victory') and hybrids are preferable for landscape use, exhibiting better form and abundant colorful berries.
Formosa firethorn has escaped gardens in Australia, Hawaii, the southern United States, and other areas, and is sometimes considered a weed.
9 - 1
7 - 9
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24
10'-12' / 3.0m - 3.7m (8)
8'-12' / 2.4m - 3.7m (10)
Spring, Late Spring
Acidic, Neutral, Alkaline
Clay, Loam, Sand
Drought Tolerant, Average Water
Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Red, Orange Red
Green, Dark Green
Green, Dark Green, Bronze
Hedges, Mixed Border, Screening / Wind Break, Topiary / Bonsai / Espalier
Preferred Commerce. All Rights Reserved.


Get the most from
our trees and plants
Your home garden, orchard or landscape is a very personal
investment. We want you to get the most from it — the most
fruit, the most beauty, the most enjoyment. So here are some
easy to use guides with advice. And if you have any questions,
please, by all means, contact us.


THOMPSON MEMORIAL PARK, Church St., Hudson
Thompson Memorial Park is located on the south side of the City of Hudson. Most of the park is developed and groomed for soccer fields, play areas, and a picnic pavillion. But the east end of the park bordering Bean Creek is largely undisturbed, and many native plant species thrive on the streambanks. The Bean takes some easy turns in this stretch of the watershed. The stream is bordered by large cottonwood, sycamore, and willow trees. Many wildflowers grow in the stream floodplain, including boneset, coneflower, and wild cranberry.


Kennesaw State University, South Campus Village | Kennesaw, Georgia
The South Campus Village includes 200,647 sq. ft. of four and five-story wood framed student housing buildings with 451 beds. Buildings include open breezeway corridors and brick and hardiplank siding exteriors. Each unit includes a full kitchen, laundry and each bedroom has a private full bath.
The project included seven acres of earthwork, hardscape and landscape including a 900,000-gallon underground storm water detention vault. The project also included an outdoor amphitheater.


Building the elements that connect your landscapes
Sometimes one or two additions have the power to transform the entire look and feel of your space.
A new pedestrian access bridge, pool or water feature can create a more inviting outdoor environment at your commercial property or school grounds. Updated sheds can provide great places to get ready for a big match or shout the team song after a hard-fought victory. Shade structures and playgrounds provide places for families to spend time laughing and playing together.
Construction landscaping improvements can make your property a bigger part of the local community, bringing greater access and locations for visitors and locals to connect and enjoy together.
Experts in landscaping construction
Our Solutions and Co division is a part of our team that specialises in building outdoor spaces that help your spaces work together to become something greater. Our pedestrian bridges building, bus shelters and other public amenities helped bring the master planned Fitzgibbon Chase community in Queensland to life. We proudly ensured minimal disruption to the gorgeous green natural habitat of Caddies Creek when we helped revitalise it. And our extensive wetland construction helped Paragilga Lake go from an unused waste of land to a hub of activity in the Moreton Bay region.
When you work with our landscape building team, you’ll get a design and construction specialist who will be your point of contact every step of the way. He or she will run a team of handpicked suppliers and trades who know what it takes to make sure your project is completed on time and on budget. This frees you up to use your resources elsewhere, giving you the chance to make your organisation look and perform its best across the board. Learn more about Solutions and Co today and find out how our experts can help you build the structures that build stronger communities.
Hear it from our customers
Not sure where to start? Here are some Frequently Asked Questions.
Yes, you can combine the construction of a small building with turf renovation into one project.
Artificial turf installation can bring great benefits to your school or shared community space. However, having the facilities to accompany the playing surface can take your project from good to great. If you’re getting synthetic or natural turf installed, consider adding new change rooms, a club house or concession stand, spectator seating, lighting and the other physical structures and additions that will create a more well-rounded, attractive playing space.
You can add a range of outdoor structures to your space to make it more usable and enjoyable for members of the community.
Shade structures provide valuable sun protection that can keep kids and parents safe and playgrounds, sporting fields and picnic areas more comfortable on steamy summer days. Bridges building can serve both a formal and functional purpose, bringing wonderful-looking structures that help connect communities and provide access to more residents. Retaining walls, playgrounds, public amenities – they’re all examples of landscape construction that can revitalise tired, unused spaces into lively meeting places.
Businesses, educational organisations, residential communities, shared public spaces and more can all benefit from landscape building construction.
Our 30-plus years of experience prove landscape construction can benefit a wide range of places big and small, retail, non-retail or public service. Whether it’s attracting more foot traffic or keeping customers happier when they’re at your premises to adding an extra piece that looks great and helps you stand out from your competitors, the right construction landscape pieces can help you hit your goals and make you more attractive to your audience.
Ready to start your next project?
We’d love to start talking with you about your plans.
Talk to one of our construction specialists to get started.


Sara is a landscape designer with an interest in the experiential quality of space and public realm. Her design approach is highly driven by context, people and communities, influenced by her background in community engagement and urban food production. She has designed and managed urban agriculture projects in South Africa, Mali, Ethiopia and Haiti.
Sara brings unique insight and great enthusiasm for play design to G2 Collaborative. Inspired by her work at the Child and Family Research Center where she examined the influence outdoor play environments have on children’s behaviour and social interactions, Sara has continued researching and publishing on the subject of play design. Her work focuses on challenging traditional ideas of play and developing guidelines and beautiful spaces that place the needs of children and teens first.
She holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts and Art History from Concordia University and a Master in Landscape Architecture from the University of British Columbia.
Sara excels at striking up conversations with strangers on all means of public transport. On her free time, Sara likes to ride her bike really far.


Find a Park
7 Parks Found
Ichetucknee Springs State Park
Cool off as you drift down the Ichetucknee, a unique spring-fed river where you can relax as you experience the real Florida. The crystalline Ichetucknee River flows six miles through shaded hammocks and wetlands before it joins the Santa Fe River.
12087 SW U.S. Highway 27
Fort White FL 32038
Marjorie Harris Carr Cross Florida Greenway
Occupying more than 70,000 acres of land formerly known as the Cross Florida Barge Canal, the Greenway is a 110-mile linear park that is more than a mile wide in places. It hosts more than 300 miles of trails of all types—paddling, hiking, mountain biking, equestrian and paved multi-use.
8282 SE Highway 314
Ocala FL 34470
Silver Springs State Park
America’s largest spring sits untouched within Silver Springs State Park, and visitors can explore its natural beauty and diverse ecology by boat, foot or horseback. Glass bottom boats were invented here and still provide guests an ideal vantage point to enjoy the natural beauty of this first-magnitude spring.
1425 NE 58th Ave.
Ocala FL 34470
Washington Oaks Gardens State Park
The formal gardens are the centerpiece of our park, with remarkable displays of native and exotic plant species such as azaleas, camellias and bird of paradise. Washington Oaks is also famous for the unique shoreline of coquina rock formations that line its Atlantic beach.
6400 N. Oceanshore Blvd.
Palm Coast FL 32137


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Echinacea purpurea 'White Swan' - White Swan coneflower
DESCRIPTIONWhite Swan coneflower
Echinacea purpurea 'White Swan'
‘White Swan' has unique, pure white flowers. A tall plant with, dark green leaves and a large flowers with silky petals that surround a dark brown/bronze cone. Plants are tough and heat and drought tolerant once established. They make a great, long lasting, cut flower and attract numerous butterflies and small birds.
- Attracts butterflies in large numbers
- Hummingbirds thrive on the sweet nectar
- Finches crave its seed in the fall
- Long blooming and a colorful cut flower
- Drought tolerant once established
- Looks terrific planted with native grasses
Map Credit: The Biota of North America
Map Key: Green (native), Teal (native, adventive), Blue (present), Yellow (present & rare), Red (extinct)
Full sun in well drained soils. Does not benefit from additional fertility.


Entire yard in shade - no grass grows
There are turf grasses that tolerate some shade: Buffalograss, St. Augustine grass, Kentucky bluegrass and Fescues all tolerate some shade. But if your yard is completely shaded, then perhaps a traditional turf lawn isn't the best choice for your yard. There are ornamental grasses, groundcovers and shade-loving perennnials that tolerate some foot traffic and will make your yard look wonderful. Check with your local county extension service for the best choices.


The Villages, Florida, is a unique and rapidly growing community located in the central part of the state. It’s known for its distinct lifestyle, which primarily caters to active retirees and seniors, making it one of the largest and most well-known retirement communities in the United States. While The Villages doesn’t fit the traditional definition of an ecological destination, it does have some notable environmental features and impacts.
- Landscape and Natural Surroundings:
- The Villages is situated in a region of Florida known for its subtropical climate and lush vegetation. The natural landscape includes rolling hills, ponds, lakes, and wetlands. While it’s not a wilderness area, there are opportunities for residents to enjoy the outdoors.
- Green Spaces:
- The Villages has numerous parks, golf courses, and recreational areas that incorporate green spaces into its planned communities. These spaces provide residents with opportunities for walking, outdoor activities, and enjoying the natural environment.
- Sustainability Initiatives:
- The Villages has implemented some sustainability initiatives to reduce its environmental impact. For instance, they have a strong focus on energy efficiency and green building practices. Many homes in the community are equipped with energy-efficient features.
- Golf Courses:
- Golf is a significant part of the lifestyle in The Villages. The community boasts a large number of golf courses, and while these can be water-intensive, there are efforts to manage water use and maintain the courses responsibly.
- Despite its development, The Villages still provides habitat for various wildlife species commonly found in Florida, such as birds, reptiles, and small mammals.
- Environmental Challenges:
- Like many rapidly growing communities, The Villages faces environmental challenges. Increased construction and development can lead to habitat loss, increased water consumption, and potential pollution issues.
- The Villages promotes the use of golf carts as a primary means of transportation within the community. This alternative mode of transport reduces the carbon footprint and encourages a more environmentally friendly lifestyle.
- Water Conservation:
- Water conservation is a key concern in Florida due to its unique hydrology. The Villages has taken steps to promote water-saving practices among its residents.
It’s important to note that The Villages primarily focuses on catering to the needs and desires of its retired population, and while it does incorporate some ecological elements into its design, it is not a typical ecotourism destination. Visitors and residents are more likely to experience the “ecology” of a planned community designed for active seniors than the natural ecosystems found in more traditional ecological destinations.


Native, warm season grass, 5’ tall x 2.5' wide, with feathery spikes of yellow flowers with nice bronze fall color, while the leaves turn yellow.
Typical tall grass prairie plant of Midwest. Flowers in August-September.
Erect, vertical structure, color and fall color makes this all year round interest grass - one of the first warm season grasses to appear (warm season grass =actively growing during the warm part of the season).
Full sun, tolerates all types of soil (incl. clay), that stay medium-moist to dry. Prefers drained soils, tolerates poor, shallow and lean soils. Too much moisture or too fertile soil makes it floppy.
Very drought and heat tolerant, deer and rabbit resistant, black walnut tolerant.
Hardy in zones 4 to 9. Species of S. nutans is native grass to nearly all USA, except western states.
No maintenance grass, one of the very showy native grass selections, excellent for natural areas, prairies, and modern landscape designs.
Several species of grasshopper feed on leaves (these grasshoppers are an important source of food to many insectivorous songbirds and upland gamebirds). Also host plant for caterpillars of Pepper-and-Salt Skipper. Provides shelter and nesting material to many birds.
Great for erosion control, urban landscaping (tolerates air-pollution), naturalization, revitalization, medium-sized to bigger scale landscaping, prairie or meadow plantings, drier upper parts of rain gardens. Can be used in naturalistic planting or bigger perennial bed, but keep an eye on it's seeding (it can become aggressive, overwhelming, especially in smaller spaces).
Can be comnbined with many taller prairie plants like Asclepias, Asters, Baptisia, Coreopsis tripteris, Echinacea purpurea, Eryngium yuccifolium, Eupatorium hyssopifolium, Helianthus, Liatris, Monarda fistulosa, Rudbeckia subtomentosa,Rudbeckia maxima, Solidago and many others.
Picture copyright : K M, Flickr
Pot size : square 3.5" x 4" deep perennial pot


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Thinktank appoints Gillespies to strategic design role
Birmingham’s science museum, Thinktank, has appointed landscape architect Gillespies, with exhibition design consultant Outside Studios, to design an outdoor visitor attraction within the high profile Eastside City Park.
The project comprises a masterplan for a proposed 3000 square metre Science Garden linked to the museum. The garden will be an innovative environmentally based concept for a science-orientated play and learning attraction and will appeal to all Thinktank’s visitors throughout the year.
The Science Garden will enhance the city park, provide a destination within it and create significant added benefit to Thinktank by transforming the museum into an all-weather destination, increasing capacity for schools and attracting current non-visiting residents from the local communities.
Partner of Gillespies, Jim Diggle said: “We have had considerable experience in designing and delivering outdoor attractions in the UK and abroad. This project is particularly exciting because it will extend Thinktank’s existing successful offer in a new and memorable way and give it broader appeal.”
The masterplan is expected to be completed by October 2009.
Related ProjectsThinktank Science Garden


Architect: prue chiles architects
Awards won: riba yorkshire award 2014,
riba yorkshire emerging architect of the year, riba yorkshire small project award
This new building sits on the threshold between nature and artifice between landscape and building, between the intimacy of domestic life and the generously spirited ‘big outdoors’. The use of space and materials both reclaimed and reinforce the connection between the interior and the exterior of this modestly scaled structure.
Wanting to make the most of the steeply sloping topography of the site and capture the impressive views of the landscape beyond, the architects sought to create a space that links the house to the garden, in addition to improving winter access to the house for their retiree clients.
The original stone building is typical of the small cottage industries that characterised the textile industry of Holmfirth and the surrounding area. The project has created a highly insulated personal space, unique to the otherwise traditionally built 18th Century Cottage. The voluminous light filled spaces that the architects have created act as a counterpoint to the cozy low-ceilinged rooms of the existing building. The image of the new building is somewhere between a cabin and a cave, conceived as a rocky outcrop that has been hewn out of the rock and inhabited.
The material quality is at once sympathetic to the surroundings, satisfying the needs of the conservation area whilst creating a form that is confidently contemporary. The new building straddles the boundary between house and garden, its walls seemingly growing from the rock on which they are found, becoming part of the sequence of garden walls and cascading terraces that tumble down the hillside.
The roofscape, seen from the main floors of the house, merges and compresses the distant moorland with the language of the architecture. Slabs of stone and heather offer literal connections to the mood and material quality of the landscape, with glass roof lights signifying dark reflective pools of water.
The walls are built from reclaimed dry stonewalling with deeply raked mortar joints that further reinforce the connection between the new building and existing garden structures. The stone envelope peels away on the south and west elevations framing distant views, taking advantage of their solar orientation. A pleasingly heavy timber pergola extends the language, materiality and syncopation of the curtain wall structure and will be planted with the client’s favourite wisteria, offering shade to the glazed south façade in the height of the summer. The project sought to create an entrance from the lower level directly into the new structure. This winter entrance has a wide, thick, solid oak door that gives access to a meticulously detailed lobby lined in timber, wrapping you in an atmosphere of warmth and isolation.
A new parking area has been formed at the lower end of the site with generous shallow steps and meandering gently sloping paths climbing up the hill. Close to the house a series of wide terraces lead to the new extension. Steep steps then lead up to the main entrance.
CONTRACTOR: David Lyles Builders
PHOTOGRAPHER: prue chiles architects


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Manor House Gardens
We have an active tennis coaching programme at Manor House Gardens for both adults and juniors.
Manor House Gardens boasts a clean river, a lake, abundant wildlife, history, a community café, play space, and gardens, along with a successful community school. Recently awarded the coveted Green Flag, it’s Lewisham’s ‘Jewel in the Crown.’
Alongside the two new tennis courts, you will also find a multi-use Ball Court, outdoor gym equipment, a dog-exercise area, a community garden, and a beautiful meadow.
The community café hosts numerous events, making it a hub for picnics, exercise, contemplation, and recreation.


Keeping plants watered properly has always been a challenge for gardeners. Aqualok™ Sustainable Hydration System is good for your plants and the environment.
Aqualok™ is a new and unique plant care product. The benefits are almost hard to believe. Used properly, Aqualok™:
• Eliminates the fear of overwatering.
• Reduces the frequency of watering by more than half.
• Allows container plants to survive without drainage.
• Retains air pockets that provide essential oxygen to plant roots.
• Saves plant lovers water, fertilizer and time.
The product’s name explains it all. The hydration system allows plants to use air and water as needed over time. Non-draining means no water or fertilizer loss. The oxygen provided by the air pockets means no root rot – a major source of plant loss. The growing medium encourages thicker roots, which in turn means more efficient uptake of water and nutrients.
Aqualok’s use in hanging baskets is especially beneficial. By their nature, hanging baskets tend to dry out more quickly than other containers. A readily available long-term hydration system allows hanging basket plants such as Boston ferns and annuals to thrive.


Rain barrels are used by homeowners to collect and store rainwater that runs off of the roof of their homes. This water is ideal for washing and watering gardens, and collecting it helps divert rain from entering storm drains, reducing runoff, and minimizing the risk of overflows during heavy rainfall.
- Free irrigation for your lawn or garden
- Reduces the consumption of domestic water use
- Reduces storm sewer runoff
- Reduces runoff pollution to our rivers
- Reduces the need for the City of Kamloops to treat, pump and distribute water
- Contribute to erosion prevention efforts
- An inspiring example of environmental stewardship
- A water source can be available in times of drought or during watering restrictions
- Provides chlorine-free water for gardening
- Improves soil’s pH balance for better plant health
- Completely drain the water from the barrel, otherwise it can crack and your warranty will be void.
- Store the barrel in a shed or garage in a protected area away from strong winds.
- Always remember to remove the diverter and reconnect the downspout.
- Clean the screen once a month to prevent clogging.
- Check for erosion under/around the rain barrel (platform/support must remain level and stable at all times.
- Keep your gutters as clear as possible and service them on a regular basis.
- Below a downspout
- In a location with firm, level ground (a 3 ft. x 3 ft. paving stone can be used to provide stability)
- Avoid locations near ground level basement windows or window wells
- Water lawns
- Water gardens
- Wash cars
- Clean outdoor furniture
- Wash garden tools etc.
- Never drink or ingest standing water


Aug 26, 2020
In this episode of "All Around The Yard" Tony Frisella Jr talks about the importance of Aerating your lawn. Aeration creates holes down into the soil to alleviate compaction so air, water and nutrients can reach grass roots. Learn how to do it and when to do it to create a lawn that your neighbors will be...
Aug 15, 2020
Kevin Battistoni from Hunter Industries is back on the podcast to talk about one of a gardeners best friends (or should be) Drip Irrigation. We touch on what it is, how we at Frisella deploy it in a landscape, and some of the new innovations with drip.
Aug 5, 2020
In this episode Jeff Olsen from Advanced Turf Solutions talks about turf basics. This conversation speaks to the fact that no matter the products you put on your turf, nothing will do more for it then building the soil. We cover some of these soil building points as well as a few other turf related topics.


Fountain Grass Perennial
I have read that this grass should not be cut back til early spring however in my zone after a hard freeze it is lying on ground and does not look very nice. Do you cut it back or let it be? Whatever I do I want to do what is best for the plant. Thanks in advance for your help.


In general, landscaping projects for the backyard are more popular than the front yard, though recently, American homeowners seem to be giving more attention to their front yards in the past decade. A nicely landscaped front yard adds a lot of character to a home, and as a side benefit, actually increases the value of the home as well. To visitors of your home, a well decorated front yard is very inviting, and it’s the first thing that is noticed about your home.
Lots of landscaping ideas are available to you, but whichever style you choose, an important part of landscaping is to add your own touch. You want your guests and visitors to see a little bit of your personality in your yard, just as you would in decorating your living room, dining room, or even bathroom. Think of your front lawn as an extension of your home, because that’s exactly what it is.
A good tip to keep in mind is to make sure the look doesn’t interfere with the functionality of your walkway and porch. You don’t want branches or bushes overhanging into the walkway, and you don’t want to clutter up the path to your door with too many statues, plants, or other decorative items. If you have too many things in your yard it can end up looking like a jumbled mess, so always try to keep things relatively simple in your styling.
Speaking of simple, you can do a lot to add some flair to your front lawn with just a few plants. Properly placed plants, both in the ground as well as in pots, can really add some brightness to your yard. Another simple thing you can do is to give some attention to your grass. If there are any brown spots, remedy these patches with some fertilizer and extra watering. If you have some problem areas, you can get some great advice from the employees at your local Lowes or Home Depot.


Papakura Local Board / Te Poari ā-Rohe o Papakura
Resilio Studio were commissioned by the Papakura Local Board / Te Poari ā-Rohe o Papakura to develop a design for Keri Downs Park and Carisbrook Reserve as one continuous area of open space that is responsive to community needs and desires over the next 10+ years..
Keri Downs Park and Carisbrook Reserve present numerous opportunities to enhance the ecological and cultural values of the site and to significantly increase the amenity and recreational functions for the community. Early engagement of project partners and key stakeholders has resulted in an innovative master plan that has been very well received. The resulting design organised the sites into thirteen character areas that each have their own unique qualities, design objectives and desired outcomes. The character areas formed the basis for an overall ‘flexible plan’ for Keri Downs Park and Carisbrook Reserve which enables the site to be organized into discrete and manageable projects that can be implemented sequentially in any order and/or in parallel. The flexible plan was organized into six distinct themes - Path Network, Planting Strategy, Furniture - Kit of Parts, Play Spaces, Events Spaces, and Arts Integration. Each theme included an overview of the design strategy and an ‘Action Plan’ which outlines the scope and outline cost of potential projects.


The tree walk, set at the intermediary level between the two main fortress structures, provides both access to the new observatory houses and a unique public space to view the surrounding landscape and night sky. At the southwest corner is the sky lounge, strategically positioned at the juncture of the two existing paths and serving as a welcome center and entry point to the new facilities and old fortress. In contrast to the heavy materiality of the stone fortress, the houses are made of timber and glass, maximizing views toward the starry night.
Location: Roccascalegna, Italy
Program: Observatory Houses
Status: Competition, Finalist Mention
Team: Evelyn Ting, Paul Tse


Minleys Unique Spaces
A Stunning Venue For all Your Celebrations
At Minley Manor, we allow you to create the perfect atmosphere for that special event in your life. No matter what your preferences or special requests might be, we can make them happen. We’ve hosted countless celebrations in our unique and elegant exclusive use venue. Get in touch to see what we can do for you.
The impressive 480m long Wellingtonia and Lime Avenue
Perfect for larger events and outdoor ceremonies, the giant Sequoias interspersed with Lime trees provide a secluded open air setting which leads the eye to the magnificent facade of the grade II listed Manor House.
The Dutch Lawns
& Sunken Garden
The historic pleasure grounds provide an abundance of opportunities to entertain your guests
Overlooking extensive views across the 83 acres of estate, the lawns and sunken garden are enclosed by the Orangery and Cloisters leading to the Manor House. Perfect for welcome drinks and serving canapes, with the benefit of the cloistered walkway providing adequate shelter from the heat of the sun or inclement weather.
A unique and versatile blank canvas space, perfect for all occasions
Our largest space, seating up to 200 guests, this light and airy room with its stone floor and intricate high barrel-vaulted ceiling, enjoys an abundance of natural light and wonderful acoustics. The grand facade overlooks the many lawns and sunken garden, with far-reaching vistas of the beautiful Hampshire countryside.
Perfect for Proposals
Dating back 1896, to our picturesque Summerhouse with its circular thatched roof, hides away in the wooded glade barely visible from the Manor House. Divided into three segments each with a curved wooden seat, providing the perfect setting with extra privacy for those intimate, romantic occasions.
Considered in its design and restored in the 1990's, the range of materials create a visually and texturally varied rustic structure. Reached by a path laid in pebbles it opens onto a steep grassy bank looking out towards the House and grounds.


More images of Primrose
This is a rosette-forming, evergreen perennial with spoon-shaped to obovate, toothed, medium green leaves. In late spring and early summer bears salverform, pinky purple blooms in umbels.
How to propagate Primrose
You can propagate from seed in the spring, early summer or autumn.
By division or from root cuttings.
Other uses of Primrose
There are primulas suitable for almost every type of site; border, screen garden, bog garden, pool margin, greenhouse and alpine house.


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Date: 26 May 2007
Originally published in: Telegraaf Woonkrant (Netherlands)
Written by: Wendy Roep
We all know Kim Wilde as the sexy British singer from the eighties. In that time the vamp opened up many boys’ hearts, but after having spent twenty years on stage, she felt it was time for something else. She decided to study horticulture, because she didn’t enjoy anything more than digging in the dirt. After that Kim presented various gardening programmes on the English television and wrote in periodicals with her green fingers. She still writes and now the gardening fanatic has brought together all her expertise in the book ‘Tuinieren!’ (‘The first-time gardener’).
The blonde has won many prizes and awards in gardening shows and has created different show gardens. In 2005 she won a gold medal on the prestigious Royal Horticultural Society Chelsea Flower Show with one of her gardens. Not a newcomer then!
Kim: “All my life gardening has been one of my main hobby’s. I can’t relax better than being busy with plants and flowers. By doing gardening you don’t just feel better, it is also a good way to do some exercise. Of course you shouldn’t just fool around in the vicinity of your shed. Gardening helps lower your blood pressure and lowers the chance of heart disease.”
Wilde first turns to the basics of every garden: soil, climate, position and light. Then she explains how to design a garden in concurrence with your budget and wishes. Then great chapters follow with loads of tips. Placing borders, water features, designing raised beds and planting a living willow den are amongst these tips. “And don’t forget the plants!”, adds Kim. “I give you my secrets of a good planting and advice about how to combine plants and to pay attentioon to form, colour and texture.”
In short: an inspiring book to help the gardening novice to turn his ideas into a colourful reality.
Want to know more about Kim Wilde? an interview with her in our magazine Vrouw on Saturday 9 June.
A raised bed is really a large container sitting on the ground that is used to grow plants in. They are usually made of timber, but they can also be made of bricks, slates, logs, woven willow or hazel and, for all wine enthousiasts, even upended bottles – what a great way to get rid of your empties! Raised beds are often used for growing vegetables in, but can be planted with any type of plant. Before starting on this project, decide what size you would like your raised bed to be, where it is to go and how it will fit into the style of the surrounding garden. Don’t make it more than about 1.5m wide, but you can build it to any height.
The unique way wooden terraces are bult, makes them ideal to use on poor soil. They are built easily over difficult spots (you can even built above water this way). Making a wooden terrace can save you a lot of time and trouble. But you can also use raised beds in your garden design. Once they are there, you can fill them with soil and plant anything in them. If your garden is too wet, you’d better accept it and make a soggy garden.
Pergola’s, arbours and arches
Choose a pergola or arbour to reflect the style of your garden. An arbour can be a good use of an otherwise empty corner of your garden. Here, a wisteria-clad arbour provides a shaded spot in which to sit. Especially when fragrant flowers hang overhead they form a little oasis.
A sloping garden
Steep slopes are often the most daunting issue in a garden. Slopes are not easy to walk up or down, and a sloping lawn can be awkward to mow and maintain. Sloping gardens can be landscaped by terracing, retaining walls are necessary, and may be constructed from stone, timber or brick. A large mass of soil behind a retaining wall can exert quite a force, especially when wet. The choice of material should reflect the construction and style of the house and also local materials.
If your garden needs to be terraced, still remember to use the design principles of rooms, focal points and losing your boundaries. For instance, steps will be necessary and these can create a vista and become a feature in their own right.
Terraced gardens can be stunning and dramatic, with different areas to be discovered tucked away on upper and lower levels. Lawns do not usually work in smaller terraced gardens, but that allows more planting space.


The City of Seoul is reactivating and expanding the existing underground system to connect the city center, extending the network of subway stations and underground areas reaching from Seoul Station, Hoehyeon, Myeong-dong and City Hall to Dongdaemun.
The Seoul Metropolitan Government has identified ten strategic sites within the extensive redevelopment project and invited architects from Korea and abroad, who are renown for the most recent influential contributions to urban design and architecture in Seoul, including Kwangsoo Kim (Studio K Works), Taekbin Kim (Escape) and Yong-Soon Chang (Hongik University), Kyong-Chan Cho (Terminal 7 Architects), SoA, Cheungvogl, Dominique Perrault, Kees Christiaanse (KCAP), Winy Maas (MVRDV) and modostudio to research, design and develop site specific strategies and future extension plans.
Within the development, Cheungvogl is selected to reactivate and expand the central site of the Hoehyeon underground system adjacent to Shinsegae Department Store, its connection to Hoehyeon Station and Myeong-dong and its extend to City Hall, Seoul Station and Seoullo 7017.
Cheungvogl's project, entitled "Shinseoul" (“New Seoul”), underlines the new perspectives and potentials the underground development offers to the City of Seoul, as it relates to the adjacent Shinsegae (English for “New World”) Department Store, the first department store in Korea, built in 1930 and an icon to the city, which will be integrated not only into the underground plan, but also as an intrinsic part of the overground development of the site.
The redevelopment of the existing underground spaces and the extension to a connected system beneath the city center of Seoul will provide the urban grain with an extended new layer by reconnecting the unoccupied ground beneath the city’s extensive traffic network. This new public layer will only function within the urban fabric if the underground system stands in direct correlation with the overground streetscape and cityscape. The reactivation of the underground development project will largely depend on the interlink with the city life and context. In return, the ambition of the holistic development will feedback to the reactivation of the city center, which has been halted due to increasing property prices, leading the development of alternative business and commercial districts in the outer districts, such as Gangnam. Subsequently, the recent unattractiveness for urban and commercial development in the area has now created opportunities for rediscovery and redevelopment potentials in the city center, which had been left in a state of sleeping beauty in the past decades. In these means, the development of the underground layer will become more than a development in itself, but an urban activator to central Seoul.
The new redeveloped underground system will receive large numbers of visitors in form of commuters through the connection to the existing metro stations and will benefit the subway system with the convenience of newly created interlinks between stations and different subway lines.
To develop the system further, away from a mere thoroughfare to an integral part of Seoul’s city life, the underground system will have to connect and open up to central nodes within the urban grain, creating places of urban, cultural and social relevance and interest, which will result in transformation of the city’s streetscape in these areas and beyond. The new underground public layer will largely depend upon the simultaneous activation of the overground.
The aspect which generally separates underground spaces from the streetscape most is the lack of visual and physical connection, which amplifies the disconnection into a psychological barrier.
The introduction of a sculptural installation that abstractly identifies the footprint of the underground space on street level, creating an intermediate zone between the inside and outside while establishing landmarks at strategic intersections, indicating the existence of the underground network and offering orientation in form of destinations and attractions from afar.
At entry points, the sculptural installation heightens and densifies, directing human flow towards gravitation points of the development between the over-and-underground landscapes.
The sculptural installations, creates new perceptions from different angles within the rigid urban grain, becoming attraction, intervention, landmark and physical interruption in and to the rhythm of the urban fabric, breaking barriers between the existing city pattern as well as in individual freedom. The unknown and the unseen create curiosity. The seemingly irrational intervention of architecture in form of abstraction, which does not apparently follow rational patterns, becomes the urban incubator of a new perception.
The intervention of Shinseoul physically connects the site with Hoehyeon, Myeong-dong and City Hall while creating a visual connection through major and minor streets surrounding the site, creating a gravity field towards and into the new underground public layer extension.
Underneath the densified areas of the sculptural installation at significant junctions within the urban fabric, the streetscape submerges with the underground layer through smooth transition of large circular ramps, which seamlessly connecting the street level with the lower ground city layer at points where the urban grain opens up to larger light filled public spaces.
The street level gently unfolds into the underground spaces, unifying the different levels by gentle undulating landscape, which naturally creates a continuous connection between the layers and stands in stark contrast to the building masses surrounding the site. The transitional layering overcomes both, the physical and the visual disconnection between overground and subterranean levels and extends the cityscape seamless into the new development, where gentle slopes continue to mediate between different levels. At central nodes, the ground is punctuated with openings of different sizes to allow daylight and natural ventilation to extend the city squares into the public layers below street level.
The entry points to Shinsegae Department Store as well as the public square in front of Korea Post Headquarters and Bank of Korea are designed to form the new melting points between over-and-underground, merging the new city public layer with the main pedestrian flow into its adjacent areas. Hovering over the entry points, movements are sheltered from weather conditions under the densified sculpture. At ground level, entrance pavilions, containing public spaces, vertical connections of lifts, escalators and stairs further break down the visual and physical barriers between under-and-overground.
The redevelopment of the existing underground is focused on the redefinition of space and its usage within the given narrow spatial and structural parameters.
Within the new extensions, the underground opens up into double height volumes with wider structural spans, maintaining commuters flow at the same existing level, while creating large spaces for events, exhibitions, sports activities and communal gathering points around attractions. The upper tier transforms into an intermediate public streetscape below the city, containing pedestrian flows and terraces, lining the traffic with retail, cafes and restaurants which extends into the adjacent Shinsegae Department Store. The newly created double height spaces between the existing network systems will form cultural and social relevant interlinks between the commercial developments, transforming these spaces into the new underground city squares. The main aim is to connect the underground with the overground on its path beneath the city at as many points as possible through openings of circular ramps, which do not only provide physical intersections, but also visible connections to truly merge the public layers of the city. The vertical intersections become natural light filled spaces and extension to the streetscape.
The Public Layers of Seoul
The underground layer of Seoul is not a replica of the street level above, but an extension to the city life, which as in any healthy and holistically grown urban context covering all aspects of life. City planning is not only a reflection of the inhabiting society, but the main influence on the community as a whole as well as on the individuals. The long term success of the development is highly dependent upon the positive activation and interaction with its existing context and sensitively balancing the economic figures, social and cultural relevance and communal needs.
Creating a balance between urban renewal strategies with its inhabiting communities, Shinseoul reactivates and expands the connection of physical and humanistic layers of the city in multiple levels. Shinseoul, as a form of interdisciplinary ‘’Super-Typology’’ moves the urban development strategy beyond three dimensional spatial city planning. In a context derived from hierarchies and functionality, the disruption created by abstract nonconformity reinstates the balance of a healthy society, in which regulation and freedom cannot exist without one another. The new urban intervention is built upon coherence and confrontation with the existing. Renewal does not happen in isolation from its roots, but in question of its future.


8 Myths to Avoid When Watering Your Plants
Watering plants isn’t an exact science. Read this article to help you understand when to and when to not water plants.
Throughout the landscape, plants are preparing for winter. The days are shorter, signaling that it’s time to drop leaves. Frost zaps many perennials back to the ground. Plants are busy storing sugars and other nutrients in their roots to sustain them through winter.
To support plants through this season of transition, make sure they get adequate water until the ground freezes. This is especially important if the summer season has been hot and dry, and for newly planted trees, shrubs and perennials.
In fall, plants do not need as much water as they may have needed in summer. But rather than stop watering altogether, it’s best to wean them from weekly watering to every other week to monthly throughout fall.
Use a soaker hose or drip irrigation system to distribute the water where it does the most good: at the root zone of the plants.
Adjust impulse sprayers to keep the spray as close to the root zones of plants as possible.
Overhead sprinklers waste a lot of water due to evaporation, but if yours is adjustable, be sure to aim it at the base of plants.
Allow a garden hose to run a pencil thin stream of water at the base of trees and shrubs for 30 minutes to an hour. This small stream of water soaks slowly and deeply in the soil to the roots.
To test how deeply the water goes, stick a trowel, spade, knitting needle or soil probe into the ground. If the tool comes out moist, measure how many inches and you’ll have an idea of how long it takes water to reach that depth. Perennials should have four to eight inches of moist soil. Shrubs and trees should have moist soil 10 to 12 inches deep.
Evergreens, such as yews, junipers, rhododendrons and hollies will thrive if they go into winter well hydrated.
Flowering trees, shrubs and perennials also tend be more vibrant in spring if they are well watered before winter.


King Abdullah Financial
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
The European Centre for Architecture Art Design and Urban Studies and The Chicago Athenaeum awarded and recognized HM White for its work with FX FOWLE International for the building and urban design for the King Abdullah Financial District's Mosque and its surrounding public space design. This International Architecture Award for the Mosque building was one of ninety (90) new distinguished building projects, urban plans and landscape architecture selected. "This Awards Program," states Christian Narkiewicz-Laine, President, The Chicago Athenaeum, "draws import public and professional focus for the celebration and recognition of the most important key buildings produced in this decade, underscoring the highest level of imagination and inspiration of the 'best of the best' architectural minds practicing design today.


Meet Meredith Clayton
Clayton Floral has been growing unique, seasonal flowers for weddings, special events, Burlington area businesses, and discerning clients in the Intervale since 2007. We have since expanded to include design and installation of customized gardens and landscapes.
With Meredith's creative touch, Clayton Floral transforms interior and exterior environments with natural, harmonious elements that balance your vision with your surroundings.
Have a review for Clayton Floral? Email us at firstname.lastname@example.org!


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Marking a first in
The transformation of
A joint collaboration between the national water agency and the National Parks Board (NParks), ABC Waters@Kallang
Mr Tan Nguan Sen, PUB’s Director of Catchment and Waterways, said, “By seamlessly integrating
Mr Yeo Meng Tong, NParks' Director of Parks Development added, "Given the opportunity presented by the transformation of the canal beside Bishan Park into an accessible and landscaped waterway, NParks will introduce more community spaces and amenities including water-themed play, into the park for all to enjoy. We will also ensure that the park retains spaces for quiet relaxation, as well as areas for popular group exercises."
The additional facilities in
Bioengineering techniques in
The use of soil bioengineering techniques – or the combination of plant material with traditional engineering –is an ideal solution that combines soil retention function with aesthetics and ecological considerations in the creation of a natural river with landscaped banks. This is the first time these techniques will be applied in urbanised
“As a strong new impulse for the future, an infrastructure that can be appreciated and accessed by citizens which at the same time respects the environment in a sustainable manner also brings about a subtle change in behaviour and thinking,” Mr Herbert Dreiseitl, Founder and Partner from Atelier Dreiseitl asia adds on. “And it is through this change that we can begin to create places which are vibrant, healthy and full of socio-cultural liveliness.
“To integrate the redesigned Kallang River with the park, the interface between the two zones between park and river, urban and nature is carefully considered and designed in a manner to commensurate with the naturalistic character of the river,” said Mr Dreiseitl who worked out the park and river design with his team in collaboration with CH2M Hill Singapore Pte Ltd for the engineering.
ABC Waters design features: A natural way to clean
Plants with natural cleansing properties to treat water, known as ABC Waters design features, have been carefully chosen and will be used at a cleansing biotope in the park as well. These features will beautify the surroundings as well as maintain the water quality of the ponds in the park and the river naturally without the use of chemicals. In addition, a portion of its water is recycled for use for shallow water play in the Water Playground.
“As with all ABC Waters projects, a lot of thought went into planning the new park design. Workshops and consultations with various 3P (people, public, private) partners were held to ensure that the project is developed in a sustainable manner that enhances our living environment and enriches our quality of life. At the same time, we hope that everyone will play a part to keep the park and waters clean, especially since two-thirds of our island will soon become water catchment,” said Mr Tan.
Introduced in 2006, the ABC Waters Programme aims to transform
For more details, please refer to appendix or visit www.pub.gov.sg/abcwaters
Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong will be marking the commencement of the project at Bishan Park at the Teck Ghee Lantern Night cum Commencement of ABC Waters@Kallang River-Bishan Park Ceremony held this Saturday, 3 Oct 2009 at Bishan Park II.
PUB is a statutory board under the Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources. It is the water agency that manages
About PUB’s tagline: Water for All: Conserve, Value, Enjoy
PUB has ensured a diversified and sustainable supply of water for
To provide water for all, PUB calls on all Singaporeans to play our part to conserve water, keep our water catchments and waterways clean and build a relationship with water so we can enjoy our water resources. We can then have enough water for all uses – for industry, for living, for life.
About National Parks Board (NParks)
National Parks Board (NParks) is responsible for providing and enhancing the greenery of the Garden City. Beyond green infrastructure, NParks is committed to enhancing the quality of life through creating memorable recreational experiences and lifestyles.
NParks manages 10% of
NParks is also the lead agency in the efforts to continually upgrade the Landscape Industry in
For more information, log on to: www.nparks.gov.sg
2 Oct 2009


Tree management strategy - Foreword
The London Borough of Bromley is proud to be home to the largest number of street and park trees in London, and to two thirds of London’s woodlands – much of which resides in our 552 hectares of council managed woodland and conservation sites. As managers of the largest local tree resource, in the world’s greatest urban forest, we acknowledge the importance of managing our trees well.
In this strategy, we set out policies that will enable us all to receive the benefits of the borough’s trees through the contributions they make to our environment, health, economy, and wellbeing. In recognition of the advantages that trees provide, we have been pleased to invest over £1.35m in our treemendous tree planting programme which will see 5000 additional street trees planted in the next few years to the benefit of those who live, work, study and visit in the borough.
A tree management strategy is recommended to clearly set out the council’s approach to discharging its statutory responsibilities in relation to the management of trees in public spaces, whilst also harnessing the benefits that good tree management can have for residents.
This tree management strategy will:
- Promote awareness of the value of trees in our environment
- Interpret the London-wide policy framework on the management of trees set by the Countryside Commission
- Give direction and guidance to local initiatives; both public and private.


The perfect building material for raised beds is pressure treated lumber. It's economical, easy to work and safe to use in gardening applications.
Improved Drainage: Because the soil in a raised vegetable bed is is to purchase decking screws which will be galvanized to prevent rust. If you have any tips on how to build good raised beds please add them below.
Composite decking is a man-made product made to look like wood. As a stand-in for the real thing in a raised-bed garden, composite decking boards Georgia Extension: Raised Bed Materials · Green Living Journal: Choosing Safe Lumber
good for you Dr1974 exercising your DIY skills, are you planning on making a netting I've used tanalised decking boards for raised beds.
Another day in the allotment garden, finally getting my last raised bed finished. It's been a long time coming but the main area is finally done.
Raised beds are the most popular way to grow vegetables and there are Composite decking lumber is an outstanding material for raised beds. to wood, but its appearance and durability make it a good long term choice.
Wood is commonly used for raised beds and other structures in As a result, it is unclear whether they are safe to use around organic growing 2 inch structural grade planks fixed together with galvanised decking screws.
Gardeners have used pressure-treated wood for decades in raised beds and as posts, but on Are these new products safe to use in our home gardens?
A good cleaning and some good deck coating/paint is about as far as I'm willing create a slope to the outside of the deck for water drainage out of the garden.
Raised beds using my scrap composite decking Need to make one of these for the peony bed Really good tutorial for planter boxes. Find this Pin and more
Summer garden projects often include plans for future expansion or modifications. to raised garden beds, learn more about safe construction materials to use. residential projects decks, furniture, playground structures, and raised beds .
It strikes me that deck board might be a good option for building raised beds - it should already be treated for outdoor use, so I wouldn't need to
This raised garden bed plan is simple enough to build multiple sizes in just one Perfect for a patio or deck, you can tend a little patch of vegetables, herbs or
Seven Trust decking and Nextwood were the only places that actually state that it's okay to use for building raised bed and in contact with soil.
Even on a balcony, deck or patio veggie garden, you'll get a good yield of potatoes with these inexpensive, light, smart, and reusable bag
Our Pauline was asking about raised beds today and it made my brain Do not buy decking timber for this, its very expensive. 9 Soil, council compost is good,and could be free, A cubic metre is approx equivalent to a ton.
Most raised beds available today are made of cedar, recycled decking, fencing, outdoor furniture and many styles of garden raised beds. . Once the beds are assembled, however, they do hold together and look good.
If this is your problem, try growing a vegetable garden on a deck. Vegetable garden problems can be hard to troubleshoot and getting a good harvest is
To add these climbers, I needed to create a raised bed. Our neighbour also generously gave us some she had spare too, I do love a good


Simpler landscaping jobs can cost as low as $40/hr while bigger projects can cost you roughly $55/hr. Total project landscaping costs can range from between $4,000 to over $50,000 for large scale jobs which are common for new home builds with no existing landscaping.
Landscape design services cost about $50/hr. Sometimes rates can go higher or lower depending on your garden size and preferred style.
Brisbane Landscapers FAQ frequently asked questions in Landscaping, Irrigation
Everscapes Landscape Architects & Design Brisbane. to be implemented in the best manner, avoiding costly mistakes, double handling and cost blowouts.
Hard Landscaping and planting your garden costs.. Online Garden Designs Australia wide including Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Canberra, .
Search 176 Brisbane landscape architects and designers to find the best. or by the professionals â€” what kinds of situations would cause those costs to be .


New Centre in Sopot2015-05-13 00:00
The New Centre in Sopot is an unusual investment aiming to create a new urban tissue that will become a prestigious landmark in this vibrant city full of unique charm. Within the framework of this outstanding project, implemented by Baltic Investment Group SA, based on a Public-Private Partnership agreement with the Municipality of the City of Sopot, it is planned to construct an elegant and functional object, friendly to visitors and residents alike, in an area adjacent to the railway station. Thanks to the non-standard available surface, a complex of buildings will be created in one location that will include services, shops and offices as well the Polish national railway premises and a hotel. The project will be complemented with a well-managed promenade, closed to vehicular traffic. This will constitute a central part of the complex, and will include elements of landscape architecture, urban greenery, an interactive fountain and outdoor terraces for cafés and restaurants to encourage customers to sit and relax. Also the communication system of Dworcowa and Podjazd Streets, which interconnect with Bohaterów Monte Cassino Street, will be modernised. Customers of the complex will be able to make use of an underground car park accommodating 240 cars as well as an outdoor car park on Kolejowa Street. The entire implementation process should be completed in the second quarter of 2015.
Source:New Centre in Sopot


Wood Privacy Fence And Other Privacy Fence Options
Wood privacy fence is an important component of a home, especially one in the urban communities. Fences chose and appropriately design afford homeowners like to enjoy. Their personal space without have to give the impression that the neighbors are not friendly. You do not even need to fence the entire perimeter of the house. In some cases, even a section just short of the fence on the property you’ll be. Providing a semblance of solitude and prevent curious onlookers.
Given the regional landscape design styles and a person, there are many choices wood privacy fence to choose from. Wooden privacy fence made some best privacy fence and come in a variety of styles and materials. Vinyl fencing is also a suitable alternative and cheaper, or you can opt for a more natural look with the use of green – shrubs and trees.
Before installing that first wooden slat fence or pole in your perimeter, however, it is best to check with your local zoning authorities for any restrictions wood privacy fence. Different cities have different zoning codes where certain limits are imposes on the fence are high, the material, and even the direction face the fence. Be sure to check also if there is a privacy fence rule is observe in residential areas or subdivisions.


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Opened to the public in 1994, Crape Myrtle Allee was originally funded by the Communities Foundation. Dedicated to John and Thelma Black by their daughter Peggy Braecklein. The Allee features a new lane of crape myrtle trees, which replaced the original trees planted by the DeGolyers. Paved with Pennsylvania bluestone, the Allee runs from the Paseo to Toad Corners. The Crape Myrtle Allee is a popular destination for family photo shoots and engagement photos.
Chandler Lindsley Shadow Garden
The Martha Brooks Camellia Garden


Angus Thompson Design
Angus Thompson established his own landscape design practice following his studies at the internationally renowned Inchbald School of Design, where he received the Principals Award. The practice has developed a reputation for excellence and quality of design, collaborating closely with architects, interior designers, and contractors in order to offer clients a seamless experience from initial concept to completed landscape.
They have designed show gardens including the Gold Medal winning ‘Nature Ascending’ garden at RHS Chelsea Flower Show 2009, and ‘Lust for Life’ in Chelsea 2007. Their design ethos is to search for the purest response to each site, client & brief. Their planting style tends towards the layering of dynamic, natural planting communities to juxtapose with the underlying design structure. This is matched with a belief in ‘right plant, right place’ and, wherever possible, adopting sustainable solutions.
The practice has an uncluttered approach; best described as ‘quietly contemporary’ and explore natural materials, aged patinas and textural contrasts within a modern aesthetic. Angus Thompson’s aim is to create gardens that look beautiful, but which also encourage exploration, play or quiet repose.


Fall Planted Perennials From Seeds or Plants?
Even thought I have ordered way too many plants for this Fall, I want more. But I am wondering if I should save some money and buy seeds for some perennials instead of more plants. It occurred to me that many of the small plants I am buying are probably first years anyway!
What perennials can I sow in the garden this Fall and get a reasonable showing next Spring/Summer? I have no interest in Winter sowing or starting plants indoors in the Spring. I just want to pop the seeds out this Fall and leave them to fend for themselves!


Showing 39 of 39 products
Quarry stone retaining walls from Barkman is a do-it-yourselfers dream when it comes to building your freestanding wall or pillars. These blocks are perfect for any freestanding walls 2 foot or lower and are perfect for any sensational accent including architectural pillars and enclosing your patio. Blended iron oxide pigments create a look similar to an older roman era style stone.
Easy Gardener Landscape Fabric is an economical weed control fabric used to stop weed growth without using chemicals. It saves gardening time and encourages root growth by keeping soil moist and cool. The spunbonded material that allows the free flow of air, water and nutrients to soil while blocking sunlight and weeds.
The Multy Home Envirotile is an easy way to add style and environmentally friendly product into your green space! Made from light weight recycled tire rubber, this reversible stepping stone is easy to incorporate in both your garden and pathways. Let the butterfly design add some whimsy to your green space!
The Multy Home Stomp Stone in Slate is an incredibly easy and innovative light-weight alternative to traditional outdoor pavers. With a natural stone look, this low-maintenance Stomp Stone is ideal for walkways, patio's, play areas, decorative borders and more! Made from recycled tire rubber, this Stomp Stone features a patented cutting edge technology enables easy installation in minutes!


One of the Music City Center’s most iconic features is a green roof that can be seen from the nearby Interstate. It’s part form and part function.
Architects designed the roofline to mimic the rolling hills of Tennessee. It also absorbs heat in the summer and acts as good insulation when it’s cold. The sustainability element will help the building achieve a certification with the U.S. Green Building Council.
Nashville Mayor Karl Dean gave tours to dozens of journalists ahead of the grand opening this weekend. He was asked who would keep the four acres mowed. He responded with a joke.
“I think we’ll get some goats or something,” Dean said. “I don’t know. Right now it’s not a problem.”
If all goes to plan, the green roof shouldn’t need mowing. It’s made of 14 types of vegetation, including sedum, which is in the aloe vera family. It will need watering in the hottest part of the summer but not much maintenance otherwise.
Music City Center’s roof may appear to be a lush lawn from far away, but close up it looks like a mess of weeds. The green roof won’t have many close-ups anyway. It will be closed to the public once the building opens.
Dean said he’s just glad the roof is green after the winter months.
“It was brown,” he said. “It turned green. I was very happy.”


Imagine a plant defying all odds, thriving in the most unusual conditions. Meet the creeping juniper, a resilient evergreen shrub that dares to grow without sunlight, all while being submerged in constant water. This fascinating phenomenon challenges our understanding of the basic requirements for plant growth and opens up a world of possibilities for exploring the limits of life itself.
What You'll Learn
- Can creeping juniper survive in areas with little to no sunlight?
- How does lack of sunlight affect the growth of creeping juniper?
- Can creeping juniper tolerate constantly wet or waterlogged conditions?
- What are the potential consequences of keeping creeping juniper in constant water without sunlight?
- Are there any specific care tips or considerations for growing creeping juniper in low-light, wet conditions?
Can creeping juniper survive in areas with little to no sunlight?
Creeping juniper (Juniperus horizontalis) is a popular low-growing evergreen shrub known for its ability to spread and provide a dense ground cover. However, like all plants, it requires certain conditions to survive and thrive. One important factor is sunlight, as plants use this energy source for photosynthesis, the process by which they convert light into chemical energy. But can creeping juniper survive in areas with little to no sunlight?
To answer this question, we need to understand the sunlight requirements of creeping juniper. As an evergreen plant, it generally prefers full sun exposure, which means at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. However, creeping juniper can tolerate some shade, especially in hotter climates where it benefits from protection against intense sunlight.
In areas with little to no sunlight, creeping juniper may struggle to grow and may not reach its full potential. Without sufficient sunlight, the plant may become sparse and straggly, with thinner foliage and slower growth. It may also be more susceptible to diseases and pests, as weakened plants are more vulnerable.
However, there are a few strategies you can employ to help creeping juniper survive in areas with little to no sunlight. Here are some steps you can take:
- Choose the right cultivar: Some varieties of creeping juniper are more shade-tolerant than others. Look for cultivars specifically labeled as "shade-tolerant" or "low-light tolerant." These varieties have been bred to perform better in areas with less sunlight.
- Improve soil conditions: While it may not directly impact sunlight availability, improving the soil conditions can help compensate for the lack of sunlight. Ensure the soil is well-drained and enriched with organic matter. This will help the plant absorb and retain nutrients more efficiently, supporting its overall health.
- Prune judiciously: Regular pruning can help manage the growth and shape of creeping juniper. By removing some of the thicker branches and thinning out areas with less sunlight, you can promote air circulation and allow more light to reach the lower parts of the plant. This can encourage denser growth and healthier foliage.
- Consider supplementary lighting: If your location is heavily shaded or lacks natural sunlight, you might consider providing supplemental lighting for the creeping juniper. Using artificial grow lights or spotlights can help compensate for the lack of sunlight and ensure the plant receives enough energy for photosynthesis.
- Monitor moisture levels: In areas with less sunlight, the soil may retain moisture for longer periods, leading to increased moisture levels. This can potentially cause root rot and other fungal issues. Monitor the moisture levels regularly and adjust watering accordingly. Avoid overwatering to prevent waterlogged conditions.
While creeping juniper can tolerate some shade, it is important to note that it will perform best in full sun conditions. If you find that your planting area is consistently shaded with no possibility of adequate sunlight, it may be best to consider alternative ground cover options that are better adapted to low-light conditions.
In conclusion, creeping juniper can survive in areas with little to no sunlight, but its growth and overall health may be compromised. By selecting shade-tolerant cultivars, improving soil conditions, pruning judiciously, considering supplementary lighting, and monitoring moisture levels, you can give creeping juniper the best chance of survival in low-light conditions. However, it is important to note that the plant will thrive best in full sun conditions, so if possible, try to provide as much sunlight as possible for optimal growth.
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How does lack of sunlight affect the growth of creeping juniper?
Lack of sunlight can have a significant impact on the growth of creeping juniper. Creeping juniper, also known as Juniperus horizontalis, is a low-growing evergreen shrub commonly used as ground cover in gardens and landscapes. It is important to understand how lack of sunlight affects the growth of creeping juniper in order to ensure its optimal health and vigor.
Sunlight is essential for plants as it is the primary source of energy for photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Glucose is then used as energy for growth and development. If creeping juniper does not receive enough sunlight, it can negatively impact its ability to carry out photosynthesis and, consequently, its overall growth.
One of the first noticeable effects of lack of sunlight on creeping juniper is a decrease in growth rate. Sunlight provides the energy needed for cell division and new growth. Without sufficient sunlight, creeping juniper may exhibit stunted growth or even die back. The lack of energy from sunlight can prevent the plant from producing enough new cells to support healthy growth.
Furthermore, lack of sunlight can also lead to thinning of the foliage of creeping juniper. Sunlight is essential for the production of chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for the green color of leaves. Chlorophyll is crucial for photosynthesis and without enough sunlight, the production of chlorophyll can be inhibited. As a result, the leaves of creeping juniper may become pale or yellowish, indicating a decrease in chlorophyll levels. This can compromise the plant's ability to produce enough food for its own growth and survival.
In addition to growth rate and foliage thinning, lack of sunlight can also affect the overall health and vigor of creeping juniper. Sunlight plays a key role in the development of a plant's root system. The energy from photosynthesis is transported to the roots, providing them with the resources needed for proper development and nutrient uptake. Without enough sunlight, the roots of creeping juniper may be weak and underdeveloped, leading to poor nutrient absorption and decreased overall health.
To prevent the negative effects of lack of sunlight on creeping juniper, it is important to choose a suitable location for planting. Creeping juniper prefers full sun to partial shade and requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. Planting in an area with ample sunlight can ensure optimal growth and prevent issues such as stunted growth, foliage thinning, and poor root development.
If planting in an area with limited sunlight is unavoidable, there are some steps that can be taken to mitigate the effects. These include pruning surrounding vegetation to allow more sunlight to reach the creeping juniper, using reflective materials to redirect sunlight towards the plant, and providing supplemental lighting in the form of grow lights. However, it is important to note that these measures can only partially compensate for the lack of natural sunlight and may not fully support the optimal growth of creeping juniper.
In conclusion, lack of sunlight can have a significant impact on the growth of creeping juniper. It can lead to decreased growth rate, thinning of foliage, and overall poor health and vigor. Ensuring that creeping juniper is planted in a suitable location with ample sunlight is essential for its optimal growth and survival. If planting in an area with limited sunlight is unavoidable, additional measures such as pruning surrounding vegetation or providing supplemental lighting may be necessary to mitigate the effects of lack of sunlight.
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Can creeping juniper tolerate constantly wet or waterlogged conditions?
Creeping juniper, also known as Juniperus horizontalis, is a popular ground cover plant in gardens and landscapes. It is prized for its low-growing habit and attractive foliage. However, one question that often arises is whether creeping juniper can tolerate constantly wet or waterlogged conditions.
In general, creeping juniper is a very hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of growing conditions. It is can adapt to various soil types and pH levels, including sandy or clay soils. It is also drought-tolerant and can withstand periods of dryness.
However, creeping juniper does have its limits when it comes to moisture. While it can tolerate occasional periods of wet or waterlogged conditions, it is not well-suited for constant moisture. This is because creeping juniper has a shallow root system that is susceptible to root rot in overly wet conditions.
Root rot occurs when the roots of a plant are continually immersed in water or saturated soil. This deprives the roots of oxygen and leads to the growth of harmful fungi which attack the roots. As a result, the roots become damaged and are unable to efficiently absorb water and nutrients from the soil. This can eventually lead to the decline and death of the plant.
In order to prevent root rot and ensure the health of creeping juniper, it is important to provide proper drainage for the soil. This can be achieved by amending the soil with organic matter, such as compost, to improve its structure and drainage capacity. Another option is to plant creeping juniper on a raised bed or mound to elevate the roots above the wet or waterlogged area.
In addition to providing proper drainage, it is also important to avoid overwatering creeping juniper. While it may require regular watering during dry periods, it is important to allow the soil to dry out between waterings. This will prevent the roots from becoming waterlogged and reduce the risk of root rot.
If you are unsure about the moisture levels in your soil, you can perform a simple drainage test. Dig a hole in the ground and fill it with water. If the water drains away within a few hours, the soil likely has good drainage. However, if the water takes longer to drain or remains in the hole, the soil may be poorly drained and not suitable for creeping juniper.
In conclusion, while creeping juniper is a hardy plant that can tolerate various growing conditions, it is not well-suited for constantly wet or waterlogged conditions. Proper drainage and avoiding overwatering are key to maintaining the health of creeping juniper and preventing root rot. By providing the right growing conditions, you can enjoy the beauty and benefits of this versatile ground cover plant in your garden or landscape.
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What are the potential consequences of keeping creeping juniper in constant water without sunlight?
Creeping juniper, also known as Juniperus horizontalis, is a popular ground cover plant known for its attractive, low-growing foliage and ability to spread easily. Like all plants, creeping juniper requires a specific set of environmental conditions to grow and thrive. This includes an appropriate amount of water and sunlight. However, if kept in constant water without sunlight, there can be potential consequences for the plant.
One of the primary consequences of keeping creeping juniper in constant water without sunlight is root rot. Excessive moisture in the soil can lead to the roots becoming waterlogged and oxygen-deprived. This creates an environment that is ideal for the growth of harmful fungi and bacteria that can cause root rot. Signs of root rot include yellowing or browning foliage, wilting, and a foul odor coming from the soil.
In addition to root rot, constant water without sunlight can also lead to poor growth and nutrient deficiencies in creeping juniper. Sunlight is crucial for plants as it is needed for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. Without sunlight, plants cannot produce the necessary energy to carry out essential growth processes. This can result in stunted growth, weak stems, and a general decline in overall health.
Furthermore, constant water without sunlight creates a favorable environment for the growth of algae and moss. These organisms thrive in moist, shaded conditions and can quickly overtake the creeping juniper, suffocating it and depriving it of essential resources. The presence of algae and moss can also make the plant more susceptible to disease and pests.
To illustrate the potential consequences of keeping creeping juniper in constant water without sunlight, let's consider an example scenario. Imagine a garden where creeping juniper is planted in a low-lying area that retains moisture. This area receives minimal sunlight due to the surrounding trees and buildings. Over time, the creeping juniper starts to show signs of root rot, with the foliage turning brown and the soil emitting a foul odor. The lack of sunlight also leads to poor growth, with the plants looking weak and small. Algae and moss start to grow on the surface of the creeping juniper, further exacerbating the plant's decline. Eventually, the creeping juniper dies due to the adverse conditions, leaving behind a patch of bare, unhealthy soil.
In conclusion, keeping creeping juniper in constant water without sunlight can have several potential consequences. These include root rot, poor growth, nutrient deficiencies, and an overgrowth of algae and moss. To ensure the health and vitality of creeping juniper, it is important to provide it with the appropriate amount of water and sunlight. This means allowing the soil to dry out between waterings and ensuring the plant receives an adequate amount of sunlight each day. By following these guidelines, gardeners can help their creeping juniper thrive and enhance the beauty of their landscape.
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Are there any specific care tips or considerations for growing creeping juniper in low-light, wet conditions?
Creeping juniper (Juniperus horizontalis) is a popular evergreen ground cover that is known for its low-growing, spreading habit. It is a tough and versatile plant that is able to tolerate a wide range of growing conditions. However, if you are planning to grow creeping juniper in low-light, wet conditions, there are some specific care tips and considerations that you should keep in mind to ensure the health and success of your plants.
Low-light conditions can be challenging for many plants, as they require sunlight for photosynthesis, which is essential for their growth and development. While creeping juniper prefers full sun, it can tolerate some shade. However, in low-light conditions, the plant may become leggy and have a less compact growth habit. To encourage more compact growth and maintain the overall health of the plants, it is important to provide them with the maximum amount of sunlight available. Select a location that receives at least a few hours of direct sunlight each day, if possible.
In addition to sunlight, the success of creeping juniper in low-light conditions also depends on proper soil drainage. Junipers, including creeping juniper, are susceptible to root rot if the soil is consistently wet. To prevent this, it is important to improve soil drainage before planting. If the soil in your desired planting area is heavy and poorly drained, you can amend it by adding organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve its structure and drainage capabilities. Alternatively, you can also create mounds or raised beds to improve drainage.
Once you have prepared the soil, it is time to plant the creeping juniper. Dig a hole that is slightly wider and as deep as the root ball of the plant. Carefully remove the plant from its container and gently loosen the roots. Place the plant in the hole and make sure that it is at the same level as it was in the container. Backfill the hole with soil, firming it gently around the roots to eliminate air pockets. Water the plant thoroughly to settle the soil.
After planting, it is important to provide the creeping juniper with regular and consistent moisture. While the plant can tolerate wet conditions, it is not tolerant of drought. Water the plants deeply, but infrequently, to encourage the development of a deep and extensive root system. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to waterlogged conditions and root rot.
To further enhance the health and vigor of the creeping juniper in low-light, wet conditions, you can also consider regular fertilization. Apply a slow-release, balanced fertilizer in the spring to provide the plants with the necessary nutrients for growth. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer packaging to ensure the proper application rate.
In conclusion, growing creeping juniper in low-light, wet conditions requires some specific care tips and considerations to ensure its success. Providing the plants with as much sunlight as possible, improving soil drainage, planting properly, watering adequately, and fertilizing regularly can help promote healthy growth and development. By following these guidelines, you can enjoy the beauty and benefits of creeping juniper in challenging growing conditions.
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Frequently asked questions
No, creeping juniper plants require sunlight to survive and thrive. Sunlight is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert energy from the sun into nutrients and sugars.
No, creeping juniper plants are not adapted to survive in constantly waterlogged conditions. While they do prefer moist soil, overwatering or constant submersion can lead to root rot and other issues that can ultimately kill the plant.
Creeping juniper plants thrive in full sun to partial shade conditions. They require at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day to maintain their health and vigor. Insufficient sunlight can result in poor growth and a weakened plant.
While creeping juniper plants prefer moist soil, they do not tolerate constantly wet or waterlogged conditions. It is important to ensure proper drainage in the planting area to prevent water from pooling around the roots of the plant.
While it is possible to grow creeping juniper indoors, it will require access to bright, indirect sunlight. Placing the plant near a sunny window or using grow lights can help provide the necessary light for the plant to survive and thrive indoors. However, it is important to note that indoor conditions may not fully replicate the ideal outdoor growing conditions for creeping juniper.


Swan Creek Connector Trail
DGL is currently in the design phase of the Swan Creek Connector Trail with Metroparks Toledo. The Swan Creek Trail improvements will provide the missing piece of trail that will ultimately connect Maumee to Swan Creek and the University of Toledo Medical Center. The 7,300-feet of improvements through Swan Creek Preserve will include: 6,500-feet of asphalt path, a 200-foot pedestrian bridge crossing over Swan Creek and nearly 600-feet of elevated boardwalk above the floodplain at the east end of the preserve. In addition to the increased trail connectivity for the region, the project will provide supplemental benefits by providing a safer access to Bowser High School and the surrounding neighborhoods, increased overall safety for residents of the area, as well as providing further access for physical activity.


Op-Ed: We have one chance to save a crucial portion of the L.A. River. Let’s not blow it
Thirty-two years ago, poet Lewis MacAdams, founder of Friends of the L.A. River, cut a hole in the chain link fence that blocked our collective access to the Los Angeles River. He was inspired by a vision of a re-wilded urban waterway brought back to life for the benefit of the city’s residents and its urban wildlife.
Three years ago, the city of Los Angeles and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers took a big step toward that vision for a stretch of river between Griffith Park and downtown: rehabilitating 11 miles of riparian habitat, removing large swaths of the river’s concrete channel, maintaining flood mitigation with natural solutions, and sharing the cost, which is now estimated to be at least $1.4 billion.
Two years ago, the city advanced that plan when it purchased the G2 parcel at Taylor Yards, a former railroad industrial site on the river that, with Rio de Los Angeles State Park and the future Bowtie State Park, is intended to form a spectacular 100-acre, multiuse public riverfront for L.A.
In May, the city unveiled three design concepts for what it’s calling the Taylor Yard G2 River Park Project. Two of the concepts — dubbed “Soft Edge” and “Island” — are worth pursuing. The third, called “The Yards,” is a nonstarter. It would leave the straitjacketed river channel intact in an area that is particularly suited to be turned back into a natural river. It’s an unrivaled opportunity for re-wilding.Friends of the LA River is not alone in this vision. In less than two months nearly 2,000 community members have signed on to our Taylor Yard “Crack the Concrete” petition.
All three of the park designs are preliminary. Citizens, particular stakeholders, technical experts, the Army Corps and more will all have a say in how the design evolves, and the City Council will make the final choice. That’s years off. But we need to make ourselves heard about the future of the G2 parcel now because these designs are the basis of what’s to come.
From FoLAR’s perspective, the Soft Edge and Island proposals come closest to maximizing the site’s stellar potential. The Soft Edge concept suggests an intriguing approach to ecological restoration — concrete removal on the east bank, an emphasis on a varied stretch of wetland restoration, water treatment and stormwater pools, and lots of native plants. The Island proposal recreates wetlands and riparian habitat in a different way. It calls for construction of an island wildlife refuge within the river channel, accessible from both east and west banks of the river, along with concrete modifications on the east bank.
Both designs rightly prioritize public access to the river, with recreational amenities, space for exhibitions, amphitheaters, cafes and walking trails. FoLAR would prefer fewer structures (and therefore less added concrete), and as appealing as the designers’ renderings are, questions need to be answered about the hydrology of the proposed river channel modifications and the levels of habitat restoration that can be accomplished with each design.
We do have enough information to assess the final alternative, however. Even at this early stage in the process, it’s clear the Yards design would sorely disappoint all who’ve worked hard over the years for a restored river. It merely plunks down a park alongside the existing concrete channel, doubling down on decades of ecological neglect in Elysian Valley. It is most likely the least expensive of the alternatives, but it might also mean turning our backs on hundreds of millions of dollars in federal matching funds intended not for park construction but for river rehabilitation.
A lot is expected of the Taylor Yard project. As the city’s own chief design officer Christopher Hawthorne put it in this newspaper: “It would be tough to overstate either the potential or the complexity of this site. This is a habitat restoration project, an open-space equity project, a post-industrial remediation project and a hydrology project in an era of climate change.”
Amid all those ways of looking at the revitalization effort, we must not forget how it all began — with a desire to connect L.A. to a living river. We hope river lovers throughout Los Angeles will join us in continuing to press for a natural Los Angeles River running through the heart of the city. It may cost more and take more time, but it’s the best approach for Taylor Yard.
We have an unparalleled opportunity for a do-over at the G2 site, an effort that could set the standard for other similar urban reclamation projects. It has taken a generation of work to get this far. Let’s do it right.
Marissa Christiansen is the executive director of Friends of the L.A. River.
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Urban farms, edible gardens, allotments, vertical gardens – these urban spaces work to create productive green lungs in our towns and cities. With its abundant rainfall and warm sub-tropical climate, it’s no wonder they are popping up and working for good in KZN.
During last year’s hard lockdown, a group of homeless men turned vacant municipal land behind the iconic Elangeni Hotel into a productive urban farm that now supplies Boxer Superstores with organic vegetables. Known as the Elangeni Green Zone, the men are now urban farmers committed to supplying their community with fresh vegetables and dream of one day having a smoothie bar near their space.
Four years ago, the Farm Nearby in the heart of Durban North was created by Daniel de Sousa as a side hustle. His mission was to inspire communities to rethink and change how the food system works and how we view the spaces we live in. Daniel and his team grow select, high value crops on rented or borrowed land. The initiative has grown from strength to strength, and he now supplies his community with fresh organic produce and helps others become urban farmers too.
Vacant urban spaces can also lend themselves to nurseries as proven by the Ballito UIP on the KZN north coast. Precinct manager Thierry Leclezio recently implemented a private nursery in the Ballito Business Park to grow indigenous plants that could be used to bulk up and beautify gardens in the precinct.
Thierry says: “Having the nursery nearby and readily available improves the efficiency of the UIP’s greening efforts, aids us in the overall effort of protecting and enhancing property values and keeps Ballito looking clean, green and beautiful for all to enjoy.”
(Stock image used)