Panther Tattoos Meaning: Body Art
Take a quick look at the panther tattoo design in the picture. It’s a ferocious crawling panther design that was once the staple of the tattoo world. The panther is a complex animal and a member of two different families, the puma and the leopard. These are the animals that hunt and kill other animals for food. The panther tattoos symbolizes courage, personal leadership, strength, and power. Sometimes animals are used to describe their personalities and characteristics. Lion is used to describe a brave man. Panthers are also used to describe a power of man.
But sometimes panthers are used to describe a beautiful and courageous woman. Because panthers are gentle and loving with their children. In the superstitious and mystical world it is believed that panthers have sweet breath that can be smelled by other animals and humans from far away. This sweet breath makes panthers a symbol of the breath of life. One of the most famous and powerful tattoos of the twentieth century is a crawling panther. The Black Panther or crawling panther is a form of the big cat. Because of it’s body shape it is ideally placed over the rolling and fluid musculature of the human body.
Placement of Panther Tattoos:
The black crawling panther is one form whose contours make it ideal for placement over the rolling and fluid musculature of the arms and legs. Panther tattoos are usually detailed and big so they can usually be seen inked at body parts that can serve as a large canvas. Aside from arms and legs, they can be seen crawling upwards or downwards on the ribs, shoulder blades, chest, back and thighs. Aside from the image of the said animal in action, there are several other variations for this style of body art. One is the panther head while some are the ones with tribal touch.
Symbolism of Panther Tattoos:
In Central and South America, Panther is associated with the sun. It is symbolic of power, guardianship, courage and valor. It embodies aggressiveness and power and reflect an ability to do a variety of tasks. Panthers are also brilliant swimmers and agile climbers. Since they have the ability to sprint with great speed, they hold the teachings of quick decisive actions. Thus, those exhibiting panther tattoos also want to express the statement that they are strong and independent individuals who are not afraid express their opinions to fight for their rights and beliefs.
The panther is also symbolic of the feminine, power and protection for women who chose to have panther tattoo inked on them. They are representation of women as being gentle and loving with their children, yet fearless in defending their families. They also symbolizes rebirth, swiftness, cunning, perseverance, boldness, and beauty. With tattoos being versatile in styles and meaning, you can attach different symbolism to it depending on how you can relate it to your personal life. The important thing is you know that you are making a strong and bold statement with panther tattoos.


Evita Peron, a polarizing figure if ever there was one. But whatever you think about her, she had a very positive impact on Argentinian society and is celebrated by the people. For those who don’t know who she is, here is a quick recap from biography.com:
|“Eva Perón was born on May 7, 1919, in Los Toldos, Argentina. After moving to Buenos Aires in the 1930s, she had some success as an actress. In 1945, she married Juan Perón, who became president of Argentina the following year. Eva Perón used her position as first lady to fight for women’s suffrage and improving the lives of the poor, and became a legendary figure in Argentine politics. She died [of ovarian cancer] in 1952 [at the age of 33].”|
The Evita Museum, housed in one of the homes Eva had set up for poor women, is an interesting look at her life with a mix of exhibits, multi-media presentations, and quotations. The kids were asleep after a fun trip to the zoo, so my husband and I made our way to the museum which was practically next door.
There are lots of photos on display, and an impressive amount from her young life, before she came to Buenos Aires. She was born poor and illegitimate, and that shaped her life causes in the future. But she was quite pretty and smart so at the age of 15 she made her way to Buenos Aires to become a TV star. That didn’t pan out, but she became a famous radio personality in Buenos Aires. One display is a great life size poster of her Radio show with her picture on it.
For multimedia, we saw lots of videos of the people who rallied in the streets for Eva and her husband, as well as video from her diplomatic tour through Europe and South America at the young age of 28. There were also exhibits showing the changes she made, such as the workshops she set up for poor women to have work, the schools and nursery programs that Juan instituted, and of course, a powerful exhibit about her sudden (to the people) and untimely death at the age of 33, right at the height of her popularity.
The highlight for me, by far, had to be the clothing collection. They had several of Evita’s outfits from special occasions on display, and they did not disappoint. I love fashion, and Eva was a classic beauty. I actually pointed to one of the dresses and told my husband I wanted it, that’s how timeless her style was. Along with the dresses were some hats and shoes. I really wanted to go through the glass and try on the shoes, cute but sensible sized heels that I could see myself wearing with some of my outfits today.
Toward the end, my son woke up startled, and my husband and I took turns finishing the exhibit, as the other rocked the stroller back and forth (to keep the little one asleep) while stroking my son’s hair (to keep him calm from his wake-up from his very short nap). However the elevator ride down in the loud and jarring antique elevator woke up my daughter and now all bets were off. Thankfully, we had seen all the permanent exhibits, so we were more than happy to leave the museum to find someplace for two little ones to run off their energy. Off to our next stop…
* All photos taken by Atma Photography


Called the biggest danger to humans
Loneliness and social isolation are a major threat to a person than obesity. To such conclusion psychologists from Brigham young University (USA). In their opinion, the impact of these factors on the population is growing every year and can represent a national problem.
About this, scientists reported at the 125th annual Convention of the American psychological Association. Press release published on the website EurekAlert!.
According to experts, relationships with other people is a fundamental human need, which is important for psychological well-being and survival. According to a study in the Loneliness Study conducted by the nonprofit organization AARP, 42.6 million American adults over the age of 45 suffers from chronic loneliness. According to a census in 2014, more than a quarter of the population lives alone, and over half of the citizens are not married.
The researchers conducted two meta-analyses, each of which combined the results of dozens of studies. The first consisted of 148 scientific papers, which were attended, in total, 300 thousand volunteers. It turned out that strong social ties contribute to a 50 percent reduction in the risk of early death. In the second meta-analysis studied data 70 studies involving 3.4 million people from North America, Europe, Asia and Australia. According to the findings of scientists, social isolation or loneliness increases risk of premature death to a greater extent than other factors, including obesity.
Experts believe that the healthcare system needs to consider the impact of social ties on health. Also it is necessary to construct recreation facilities and parks where seniors who are most vulnerable to loneliness, unable to communicate with other people.


Science Fair Project
Type your project title here
Your teacher’s name
Statement of the Problem
Type your question here.
(This is the question that your experiment answers.)
Type a brief overview or summary of
your project here.
Summarize your research here in three to five bullet points:
- 1st bullet point
- 2nd bullet point
- 3rd bullet point
- 4th bullet point
- 5th bullet point
- Controlled variables: These are the things that are kept the same throughout your experiments.
- Independent variable: The one variable that you purposely change and test.
- Dependent variable: The measure of change observed because of the independent variable. It is important to decide how you are going to measure the change.
Based on the research you have done, you will be writing an answer or solution – your best educated guess – to your question. Make sure you write down your hypothesis before you begin your experiment.
Type a detailed list of the items you needed to complete your experiments.
Be specific about the amounts used.
List all of the steps used in completing your experiment.
Remember to number your steps.
Add photos of your experiments.
It is easier to understand the data if it is put into a table or graph. Create a graph in Microsoft Excel and import it here.
Make sure all data is clearly labeled.
Type a brief summary here of what you discovered based on the results of your experiments. You need to indicate whether or not the data supports the hypothesis and explain why or why not.
Be sure to include print and electronic
sources and put them in alphabetical order.


Samantha Solon-Biet is used to being the only woman at a meeting of science academics.
"And I'm quite junior ... I'm still quite young," the 35-year-old nutritional biologist said.
The greatest challenge her gender confers is growing her family without stalling her career.
"I'm currently on maternity leave, but I've pretty much worked every day to make sure I don't have huge gaps [in research].
"I love my job ... the joy of discovery is what I love about science," Dr Solon-Biet said. "Things evolve and we're always learning more."
But, too often, in the pursuit of a family, female academics must set aside their research and the potential discoveries they have devoted their professional lives to unearthing.
Dr Solon-Biet is one of five winners of the 2019 L'Oreal-UNESCO Women in Science Australian and New Zealand Fellowships.
The fellowships recognise the achievements of exceptional early-career female scientists and award each one $25,000 to help fund their research, including buying equipment, employing a research assistant, conference and travel costs and childcare.
Women account for 28.8 per cent of science researchers and fewer than 20 per cent of senior leadership positions globally, UNESCO says. Just 3 per cent of Nobel Prize winners for science are women.
In Australia in 2016, 17 per cent of the STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) workforce and 31 per cent of STEM academics were female.
The fellowship will help Dr Solon-Biet test the hypothesis that a pregnant woman's protein intake could determine her child's obesity risk.
"This can have huge implications for diet management and perhaps the prevention of obesity in later generations."
It's also personal, she said as she settled her eight-week-old son, Raphael.
"Knowing that what I eat when I'm pregnant can influence my child's health later on in life is an important driving influence of this research. It helps give me passion for this project."
Previous research suggests protein intake moderates appetite, and we each have a protein set point - a specific protein target that our bodies want to hit to achieve optimal nutritional requirements, Dr Solon-Biet said.
"So how in the world is this protein target set? Is it early life or even gestation?"
Studies of indigenous populations internationally suggest that high protein intake is linked to offspring being more susceptible to obesity when they have access to Western junk-food diets.
"You need to eat more of that food to reach that protein target," she said, comparing a bucket of hot chips to a steak.
Her research team will test in mice whether a high protein predisposes offspring to obesity.
"If we put them on a Western diet are they going to eat more and become obese [compared to offspring of mice fed a low protein diet] ... the ultimate goal is to look at this in a really large population cohort."
You are what you eat, as the adage goes.
"Maybe we should be saying, 'You are what your mother eats,' " Dr Solon-Biet said.


Civil Engineering Technology - Highway Emphasis
Why Choose Civil Engineering Technology with Highway Emphasis?
The Civil Engineering Technology program at Ferris emphasizes instruction in soil and material testing, highway technology, design and the construction process. A civil technician requires a background in mathematics and physical science plus a thorough knowledge of construction materials, methods and equipment.
The program includes general education courses in English, mathematics, physics, and program specific courses in plans and specifications interpretation; material testing; quantity estimating; computer applications including three-dimensional modeling; hydrology; highway design; equipment production; soils; surveying, administration; and construction practices.
Graduates of the Associate's degree program may choose employment in the heavy civil construction sector or may continue their education and obtain a Bachelor of Science degree in Construction Management through our ACCE-accredited program.
As part of a construction team, the civil engineering technician may assist the engineer in project layout, soil and material testing, cost estimating and supervision and inspection of heavy construction projects. Precision, accuracy and clarity are important qualities for the technician as Civil engineering technology work requires familiarity with materials and soils and a knowledge of surveying principles, hydrology, engineering design and the construction process.
Job opportunities for civil engineering technicians exist with consulting engineers, material testing firms, general contractors and governmental agencies. Increased funding for infrastructure at both the state and federal levels is expected to provide significant employment opportunities in the industry.
Admission to the College of Technology is open to high school graduates who demonstrate academic preparedness, maturity and seriousness of purpose with backgrounds appropriate to their chosen program of studies. Among first-time students in our technical programs, the average high school GPA is 2.8, and the average ACT composite score is 20 (SAT 16 Total of approximately 1030). Students close to the averages are encouraged to apply and will be reviewed on an individual basis.
Students entering the Civil Engineering Technology program must have a high school diploma with a 'C' average or better and be fully prepared to enroll in all required courses including mathematics and English. An ACT math subscore of 24 or 580 SAT is also required. Fully prepared students enter the program in the fall semester. Students not fully prepared who complete preparatory courses during the fall semester may enter the program sequence in the winter semester, following a modified course sequence.
General Education Requirements
All University General Education requirements for an Associate’s degree are here
Please consult this link for a complete listing of General Education Electives.
Consult the Required Course above or program advisor for program specific General Education requirements.
The Civil Engineering Technology program at Ferris leads to an associate in applied science degree.
In order to graduate students must:
- maintain a 2.00 cumulative FSU GPA
- have 32 credits of the CETM and CONM courses taken at Ferris State University in order to qualify for the Associate’s degree.
- 3 out of the 4 CETM courses must be taken at Ferris State University in order to qualify for the Associate’s degree.
- complete all general education requirements as outlined on the General Education website.
- have a minimum of 60 total credits to earn an Associate's degree
Construction Technology & Management Programs
605 S. Warren Avenue
Big Rapids, MI 49307-2280
College of Engineering Technology
Ferris State University
1009 Campus Drive
Big Rapids, MI 49307-2280
ADA compliant checksheets are being developed for the 2019-2020 Catalog. If you would like to request an ADA compliant checksheet before the 19-20 catalog is published, please send your request to: FSUCurriculum@ferris.edu


Civil Rights Movement (HIST 315)
The various individuals and movements in the United States from colonial times to the present who have attempted to establish and maintain civil rights and full equality for all Americans. In particular, the efforts of religious organizations, women, African-Americans, Native Americans, and others to gain and preserve their Constitutional rights. This course meets General Education Requirements: Cultural Enrichment, Race/Ethnicity/Gender. Pre-Requisites:ENGL 250 and HIST 122. Typically Offered On Demand
Use the search to find the course(s) that you are looking for.


Density is the amount of something in a fixed measurement, such as population per square mile, grams (g) per milliliter (ml), or grams per cubic centimeter.
Here are examples of substances and their density expressed as grams per cubic centimeter.
Density plays many rolls. For example, population density is a way to express how many people are living in a specific area. Density is also a predictor of buoyancy, as something floats in a liquid if it is less dense than the liquid.


Neandertals made the first specialized bone tools in Europe
Modern humans replaced Neandertals ∼40,000 y ago. Close to the time of replacement, Neandertals show behaviors similar to those of the modern humans arriving into Europe, including the use of specialized bone tools, body ornaments, and small blades. It is highly debated whether these modern behaviors developed before or as a result of contact with modern humans. Here we report the identification of a type of specialized bone tool, lissoir, previously only associated with modern humans. The microwear preserved on one of these lissoir is consistent with the use of lissoir in modern times to obtain supple, lustrous, and more impermeable hides. These tools are from a Neandertal context proceeding the replacement period and are the oldest specialized bone tools in Europe. As such, they are either a demonstration of independent invention by Neandertals or an indication that modern humans started influencing European Neandertals much earlier than previously believed. Because these finds clearly predate the oldest known age for the use of similar objects in Europe by anatomically modern humans, they could also be evidence for cultural diffusion from Neandertals to modern humans.


This buttstock is the back portion of a rifle that usually sits on one's shoulder. One can see the deterioration of this wooden buttstock due to exposure to the weather elements. Evidence suggests this fragment was picked up at c'aynim 'alikinwaaspa (The Battle of Bear Paw) in the early twentieth century. c'aynim 'alikinwaaspa (The Battle of the Bear Paw) was the final battle of the Nez Perce War of 1877 and was fought from September 30 - October 5, 1877. It is undetermined when this rifle was produced or which company produced it.
The deteriorated rifle buttstock is located in the bottom left of the photograph and is cataloged as 1986.2.35. Above the deteriorated rifle buttstock is L.V. McWhorter's wooden pipe stem (1986.2.112b) and to the right is piyopyóotálikt (Peo Peo Tholekt's) drinking cup (1986.2.75).


If you are looking to purchase a computer, laptop, or mobile device there are a few questions you should ask yourself before you start.
Do you need a laptop or a desktop?
Laptops have become more and more popular throughout the years. If you plan to use your computer in many different locations, then a laptop is great. But keep in mind that they are less powerful for the money. If you plan on just using the computer in one room, you can save a lot by buying a desktop.
What are you going to do with the computer?
Will you be creating or editing graphics, music, or video? Then you need a lot of RAM (random access memory). If you’re planning on watching a lot of movies or listening to CDs, you want to make sure that your computer includes a DVD/CD-ROM Drive. If you’re planning on playing video games on your computer, you want to look into what sort of graphics cards are available.
What is your price range?
Sure, this question is obvious, but take the time to do the math correctly. Think of what additional bills you might have (e.g. new internet package), as well as how this will save you money. For example, you might use your computer to watch movies instead of getting a new DVD player, or you might be able to use Skype to save on a long-distance phone calls.
Would you actually prefer a tablet?
If you’re not planning on doing more than surfing the Internet or checking email, then you might want to consider saving some money and just getting a tablet. Many tablets have the ability to attach a keyboard to make typing easier than on a touch screen.
Beyond these basic questions there are some specifications you will also want to consider. This information will tell you things like how fast the computer is or how much information it can store.
Processor: Also known as the CPU, the short and simple of processors is in the number of cores and the speed (labeled in GHz or Gigahertz) of the processor. The speed of the chip will tell you how much data it can process in how much time, so the bigger the number, the better. The number of cores functions as a multiplier, as the processor is actually a stack of cores that each run at the listed speed (e.g. a single-core 2GHz processor is a lot slower than a four-core 2GHz processor). Multiple cores can also help with multitasking, as each can be working on different tasks. If you don’t use a lot of programs at the same time, you may be content with just one or two cores and don’t need to fork out the extra cash to snag a few more.
RAM: Nowadays most RAM is measured in gigabytes, and as is often the case, the more the merrier. By having more RAM, your computer is able to keep more data close at hand, rather than having to go digging around through the slower hard drive for the information it needs. Of course, because RAM is smaller, there is only so much room for data. That’s why it’s useful to have more RAM if you want to keep multiple tasks going at the same time and be able to jump between them relatively quickly. If you’re also a criminal of having too many web browser windows open at the same time, more RAM will make that a lot easier.
Storage: If you plan to just have your computer and no peripherals, you may want to opt for the biggest hard drive you can (measured in gigabytes, or terabytes for extra large drives), since all of your files and programs will be stored on the computer. If you don’t plan to have many applications on your computer, and won’t store media on it, then you can opt for a smaller hard drive and save yourself some money. If you can handle a small hard drive, but want to it be extra fast, and you have the cash, consider going for a solid-state drive, or flash hard drive.
Where to Buy:
Once you have made a decision of what to buy, you need to decide where to buy it from. Choose Where You Shop Wisely. There are many locations to buy a computer, however, it is not just which computer you buy, but where you choose to buy it. Some of your options include:
- Local “mom & pop” computer retailers
- Chain electronics stores (e.g., Best Buy)
- Office supply stores
- All-purpose superstores (e.g., Walmart & Target)
- Primarily web-based manufacturers (e.g., Dell & Gateway)
Think about the advantages and disadvantages of each. What type of store will give you the lowest price? Which store will you give you the most personal experience? Is purchasing a used or rebuilt computer a good idea considering how many inexpensive new computers are available? Where will you find the most knowledgeable salespeople? And finally, which location will best assist you according to your needs?
For example, if you’ve never purchased a computer before, you may want the extra support that informed salespeople can offer at local computer retailers, chain electronics stores, and primarily web-based manufacturers. Discount online retailers and all-purpose superstores may not give you enough support in this big decision. It is important that you weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each location and choose the one that will best meet your needs. For more information on places to purchase a computer, download our computer purchase handout here.
You can also find more detailed information on selecting the right device for you in our Holiday Electronic Device Guide class handout.


Male gags are very aggressive, and if a boat, say a commercial boat, drops baits on a … The can grow as large as 100 pounds and up to 4 feet long. Black grouper are perhaps the largest species of the Mycteroperca genus found in the Atlantic Ocean. A black grouper and hundreds of glassfish around a coral pinnacle. We encourage you to follow CDC recommendations. Black Grouper in the sea water. (Big males are called "copper bellies", because of their coloring). Black groupers can reach up to 52 inches (133 cm) in length and can weigh up to 179 pounds (81 kg). Do you like this content? Other Names: Black Grouper, Rockfish, Marbled Rockfish, Runner, Springer, Mycteroperca bonaci; gag are often mistaken for black grouper Identification & Biology: The black grouper can grow up to 4 feet in length, weight is common to 40 pounds, may attain weights exceeding 100 pounds.Typically has olive or gray body coloration with black blotches and brassy spots; gently rounded preopercle. Description: olive or gray body coloration with black blotches and brassy spots; gently rounded preopercle. They can reach upwards of 5ft in length, and 220lbs. Mycteroperca bonaci, the black grouper, black rockfish or marbled rockfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. The following list includes additional details on where to catch this fish: Black groupers are commonly landed in commercial grouper fisheries in the Gulf of Mexico and the South Atlantic Ocean. Spotted black grouper (Epinephelus daemelii) are known as black cod, saddled rockcod and saddletail grouper in Australia. It has dark fins and tan lines that radiate from the eyes. Spotted black grouper are true groupers belonging to the family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae. Flora. Report fish kills, wildlife emergencies, sightings, etc. Fishing Tips and Facts: Grouper fishing from a boat typically involves baits fished near the bottom, with heavy tackle and heavier to bring grouper to the surface. Black Grouper in the sea water. Bottom fishing is the most effective method of catching gag grouper. 1. Black Grouper Habitat and Behavior The Black Grouper is a solitary fish that is associated with rocky bottoms and coral reef environments, but it is not dependent on them. Eggs are fertilized externally, and float with the currents. They can live over 30 years, but most of the growth occurs during the first ten years of life.The front teeth of the black grouper are well-developed canine teeth. Learn new fishing skills, boating resources, fishing etiquette, conservation and more. Gags can be distinguished from black grouper, Mycteroperca bonaci, that often occur in the same habitat by the distinctive color pattern and the shape of the preopercle (the middle bone of the gill cover). Later in life, some of the fish will change from female to male so the population can reproduce. Coloring in black grouper varies but the side of the body typically has rectangular shaped dark grey blotches. Pursuant to section 120.74, Florida Statutes, the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission has published its 2019 Agency Regulatory Plan. Select from premium Grouper of the highest quality. Juveniles can be found inshore. 10 Useful Holiday Gift Ideas for Anglers and Boaters. They have to live a long time to change, and become males. They can live over 30 years, but most of the growth occurs during the first ten years of life.The front teeth of the black grouper are well-developed canine teeth. State Record: 113 lb 6 oz, caught near the Dry Tortugas. This species faces a major threat mainly due to the high mortality by overfishing since it has been reported as one of the main target resources of local … Red grouper and black grouper are two of the main target species for the mixed demersal fishery in the Bank of Campeche, located to the north of the Yucatan Peninsula in the Gulf of Mexico. This seasonal fishery is of high social importance, given that more than … These teeth are not used to tear flesh as with the barracudas and sharks, but rather to prevent small fish from escaping.Black grouper are also protogynous hermaphrodites. Recreational Bag and Size Limits. Cooking Black Grouper 101Tons Of Recipes On How To Cook Black GrouperNice black grouper caught by #BullbusterAmbassador Double Threat Charters using Bullbuster Braid!Black Grouper is one of the best tasting fish in the ocean. Gags are hermaphroditic and all gags are born female. Main menu. HABITAT: Blacks of many sizes are commonly found around the edges of coral reefs, from about 30 feet of water out to the deepest dropoffs. The red grouper can be found over muddy or rocky bottom from Massachusetts to Brazil. your own Pins on Pinterest Goliath Grouper Identifying Features. Florida Youth Conservation Centers Network, See a full list of our Social Media accounts, Color olive or gray with rectangular black blotches and brassy spots, Bottom of preopercle (cheek) is gently-rounded, Second dorsal, anal and caudal fins black on outer third part of fin, Pale yellow or white margin on pectoral fins. They offer a great fight to bring up from the bottom, as common with many groupers. A brief section on each, with a link to the page about the particular species is provided along with references for further information. Black grouper are solitary fish until spawning season, May through August, where they aggregate and spawn in huge numbers. Those black groupers that go through this process do so when they reach about 39 - 48 inches. Found in The Dry Tortugas: adults associated with rocky bottoms, reef, and drop off walls in water. Learn how to register your vessel, boating laws and more. Home > Learn to Fish & Boat > Fish Species
Subscribe to our Newsletter and get all the information you need to learn, plan, and equip for your next fishing adventure. Recreational Bag and Size Limits. Black Grouper’s normally live far from shore and prefer rocky bottoms, reefs, and drop-offs in water over 60 feet deep. Adults are associated with rocky bottoms, reef, and drop off walls in water over 60 feet deep. Grouper are very tasty meals. Similar Species: Gag, M. microlepis (spur on preopercle is serrated); and yellowfin grouper, M. venenosa (pectoral fins trimmed in bright yellow) Size: … and is as big as a Volkswagon. Most of the black grouper that are caught average a little over 2 feet in length (70 cm). Black Grouper (Mycteroperca berosi) Black Grouper have a pattern like lines of rectangles, and they are not always jet-black. Even the small ones, at 20-30 pounds can put up a physically draining fight, being known for their short, high torque runs. They are a solitary, bottom-feeding fish typically found around rocky and coral reefs. The preopercule is rounded without the presence of a notch, which distinguishes it from the gag grouper (Mycteroperca microlepis). Sign-up to receive our monthly newsletter with interesting blogs about fishing and boating. Although commonly called ‘groper’ in New Zealand, the hapuku (Polyprion oxygeneios) and bass (P. americanus) are actually ‘wreckfishes’ belonging to the family Polyprionidae. The Black Grouper has an elongated, robust, and compressed body with a depth that is 27% to 31% of standard length. Anglers commonly use depth sounders to locate rocky outcrops and irregular bottom where gags congregate, anchoring when a likely area is located. The meat is considered very good quality which adds to its reputation as a popular game fish. They are protogynous hermaphrodites, meaning that young predominantly female who transform into males as they grow larger. Sea Nature. The black grouper has olive or gray body coloration along with small hexagonal bronze spots on its head and lower side. In this article, you can learn all about the different types of Grouper in Florida. ), the delicious Bronzed Gulf Grouper entrée with braised greens, potato hash and tabasco hollandaise, some fresh catches and more. Their anal, caudal fin and outer third of the second dorsal fins are black and their pectoral fins have yellow or white margins. The borders of the soft dorsal, anal, and caudal fin are black or bluish; sometimes there is an orange edge along the pectoral fins. Juveniles feed mainly on crustaceans, while adult fish prefer smaller baitfish. Similar Species: Gag, M. microlepis (spur on preopercle is serrated); and yellowfin grouper, M. venenosa (pectoral fins trimmed in bright yellow), Size: Up to 48 inches (180 pounds); common to 40 pounds. Typical Size: The Black Grouper averages 40 pounds with a length of 1½ to 3 feet long. Commercial fishermen must have a limited access permit to fish, land, or sell snapper and grouper species. The following list of marine aquarium fish species commonly available in the aquarium trade is not a completely comprehensive list; certain rare specimens may available commercially yet not be listed here. The pectoral fins have a fanlike appearance when in use. roughfish identification, lifelist angling, fishing rare unusual fish species: bowfin burbot buffalo gar redhorse suckers carp . Identification isn’t difficult when the Goliath Grouper is mature at 400 to 800 lbs. Most of the black grouper that are caught average a little over 2 feet in length (70 cm). roughfish.com Home; ... Likely, the answer is that the first fish in my above photos is a Gag Grouper and the second a Black Grouper. Black grouper have olive or dark gray body coloration with black box-like blotches and brassy spots. The edges of the second dorsal, caudal, and anal fins are also dark black. Similar Fish: gag M. microlepis; yellowfin grouper, M. venenosa. Discover (and save!) The caudal fin is squared-off, and the dorsal fin has 11 spines and 15-17 rays. We prefer eating black grouper under 25Lbs as larger blacks … Copyright 1999 - 2020 State of Florida. Introduction. IDENTIFICATION SCIENTIFIC NAME(s) Mycteroperca bonaci. Found on offshore wrecks and reefs. Young black grouper feed on crustaceans, mostly shrimp. Black Grouper It is often mistaken for the black grouper. Black groupers can reach up to 52 inches (133 cm) in length and can weigh up to 179 pounds (81 kg). This means that all of the species are born as females. From monster Goliaths to delicious Scamps, these big bottom-dwellers are a favorite on most Floridian fishing trips. Adults feed on other fish and squid. They can be found on offshore wrecks and reefs from North Carolina south to Florida and are also common in the Gulf of Mexico. Black grouper mount by King Sailfish. Like most grouper species, Mycteroperca bonaci, or black grouper, really doesn’t disappoint the hard core angler. The following are fishing methods used to catch this fish: The following are lures, tackle or bait that can be used to catch this fish: What to Know About Old Lures and Vintage Fishing Lures. It has an oblonged body shape and rounded margins on both the dorsal and anal fins. BLACK GROUPER (Mycteroperca bonaci) OTHER NAMES: Bonaci Arara Aguaji RANGE: Sometimes encountered in the deep Gulf and upper Atlantic, but common only in South Florida, the Keys and the Bahamas. Grouper Aggregate Bag Limit: 3 grouper/tilefish per person per day This means that an angler may harvest or possess a total of 3 grouper per person per day, in any combination of species listed below. Black Grouper. Black groupers can reach up to 52 inches (133 cm) in length and can weigh up to 179 pounds (81 kg). Live fish or dead cut or whole bait are used. > Black Grouper. Coloration in the black grouper can vary, but their sides typically exhibit a rectangular pattern of dark grey rectangular blotches. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission • Farris Bryant Building ⚠ Before you head to the water check the latest COVID-19 updates. SPECIES NAME(s) Black grouper COMMON NAMES Negrillo, mero negro. The edges of the second dorsal and anal fins are black. Register your boat today. Black Groupers mainly live near the surface at depths ranging from 19 to 108 feet, and juveniles can be … Combined with the fanned caudal fin, this is suggestive of the grouper's slow, but strong swimming abilities. World Record: 124 pounds, 0 ounces (IGFA) Sea Nature. The black grouper, Mycteroperca bonaci (Poey, 1860), is one of the many marine resources currently exploited associated to the red grouper Epinephelus morio fishery on the northern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula. how to catch Gag Grouper. They are also very common in the recreational fishery. Coastal waters near structure. Larger individuals of this species are generally found in greater depths and they feed on fish and squid. Bag Limit: 1 fish per person per day Note: no more than 1 Gag Grouper or 1 Black Grouper (not combined) per person per day . Distributed from Massachusetts (USA) to Brazil, including the Carribean and Gulf of Mexico, the stock structure of this species is not clear. Identification – This grouper is brownish-gray and has dark, worm-like markings on the side. Wrecks and oil rigs in shallow shelf waters of the Gulf also attract many gag grouper. They are similar in appearance to the Gag, and have a gently rounded head with a slightly concave or flat caudal (tail) fin. Find out what they are, where they live, how big they get, and more. Select a state to find fishing and boating information: Get started fishing today, purchase your fishing license online, check regulations and more. The black grouper has head and body coloration olive to gray or dark brown along with 7 or 8 columns of rectangular dark blotches and small hexagonal bronze or brassy spots on its head and lower side separated by a bluish white reticulum (some brassy spots join to form chain-like horizontal streaks). The black grouper is a large hearty fish with a protruding lower jaw. Get fishing tips and tricks and read personal stories from anglers who live and breathe fishing and boating. There are over 60 species of grouper, so coloring varies wildly. Distribution – The gag grouper can lives in the Western Atlantic … Pale yellow or white margin on pectoral fins. Grouper Aggregate Bag Limit: 3 grouper/tilefish per person per day This means that an angler may harvest or possess a total of 3 grouper per person per day, in any combination of species listed below. Groupers are some of Florida’s most iconic fish species. Most often, though, grouper are a darkly colored brown, olive, or black with lighter splotches across their body. How to identify a Gag Grouper The coloration of this species is extremely variable but generally brownish gray overall with a pattern of dark, worm-like or kiss-shaped markings along the sides. In the South Atlantic, managed under the Snapper Grouper Fishery Management Plan: Annual catch limit allocated between the commercial (51 percent) and recreational (49 percent) fisheries. Black Grouper are one of the bigger species of the Grouper family.


Database is often the primary storehouse of all information in your company. These data are critical to the daily functioning of your firm. Some of your information are highly confidential and must be protected against unauthorized access by cyber snoopers. For this reason, database often becomes the primary target for hackers and administrators should work constantly to prevent attackers from making an attack. Database security must be audited and any user activity should be monitored closely. Some hackers may seek to tamper the database for their own gains, especially if it’s the database of a financial organization. It’s possible to get financial benefits by making changes on the database. In this case, servers must be secured and all connections are properly monitored Restrictions should be enforced, so access will be allowed only for real users. There are different methods that can be used to protect database. As an example, a user should be allowed only three attempts to log into the website.
After multiple failed attempts, the person’s account needs to be suspended and he/she needs to contact the administrator to re-activate the account. This will prevent automated login attempts with special software, that attempt to log into the system with multiple passwords. Access control can be one of the toughest and hardest security factors for database. You need a combination of efforts from developers and administrators to properly secure. So make sure that you actually give access to the right individuals. When you have a proper system, it should be relatively easy to monitor any activity. When suspicious activities are discovered, make sure that you can immediately revoke the access, so security of your database can always assured.
Another security factor is the connection to the database. Each connection should be thoroughly examined to make sure that it’s safe and genuine. There should be a regularly updated list who has the permission to update the data or just read them. Just because someone has been given privilege, it doesn’t mean that he will behave appropriately. When privilege is misused, then it’s possible that vital information tampered. Administrators should watch these people constantly and make sure that they won’t cross any security restriction. When data are mishandled, business operations can be poorly affected.
Another way to safeguard the database is by improving the security of the server. There should be a program to restrict access to the databased based on specific authority level. This will significantly lower the probability that someone will access vital data in your database. Not only that users should have proper username and passwords, they should also come from specific IP address. It means that even if an outsider manages to get valid username and password, they can’t gain access, because he uses the wrong IP address. Another good way to have proper firewall configuration, so any incoming access can be controlled. Username and password should only become the basic protection. For dedicated hackers, they only represent an ordinary obstacle. Layers of security are needed to fully secure the database. So, if one layer is breached, administrators will have time to patch the hole and repulse the attack.


The original orientation of a photo means whether it is horizontal or vertical. A horizontal photo is wider than it is tall. A vertical photo is taller than it is wide. Another term for horizontally-oriented photos is landscape. Vertically-oriented photos are sometimes called portrait.
The original orientation of a photo is important in iPhoto because some layouts change significantly when you choose a photo with one orientation or the other. Some layouts can only be achieved if you choose photos with the proper orientation.
For example, in the two page spread below, I've chosen the same three-photo layout (from the Simple Border theme) on each page. If you use three vertical pictures, you get three photos of equal size across the center, as shown below left. If you choose three horizontal pictures, you get one large picture and two smaller ones below it, as shown below right. You can't have three horizontal pictures across the middle, nor have one large vertical photo above two smaller ones. iPhoto decides for you depending on the original orientation of your photos.
Some layouts do not change a lot if you choose a horizontal rather than a vertical picture, but they still accommodate the photo's original orientation. For example, in the Crayon theme, the three-photo layout with floating frames has one photo above and two below, regardless of their original orientation.
Finally, some layouts do not pay any attention to the original orientation of the photos. These layouts have what I call fixed or rigid frames. When you place a photo in these frames, the photo is cropped to fit, regardless of its original orientation.
For example, in this eight-photo layout from the Picture Book theme, there are eight vertical frames. If you place horizontal pictures, they are cropped to fit. Here you can see on the right the three horizontal photos that are cropped on the left.
Sometimes, you can right-click (or control-click) the photo and choose "Fit Photo to Frame Size" to return to your original orientation (and fill the rest of the frame with white space or the background color). Other times, that option is not available.
I have to say though, that the results are not always very attractive:
And, of course, you can always change the original orientation of your photo by cropping it.
If you have any comments, questions, or suggestions, I'd love to hear them.
Copyright 2007 by Elizabeth Castro. Please don't copy this page. Instead, link to it!


The Pennsylvania Task Force on Economic Education and Personal Financial Literacy Education, established by Act 104 of 2010, spent fourteen months studying research, best practices and trends in financial education in order to formulate recommendations on how to improve financial education in Pennsylvania's schools.
In researching the trends and needs in financial education, the Task Force found:
· Studies document there is growing support for teaching financial education in schools.
· Since the financial crisis, more states are adopting legislation that varies in the degree to which personal finance is taught and required for graduation.
· While many Pennsylvania high schools offer financial education, it is typically part of an elective course, and the personal finance content is often limited.
· Many states have developed their own K-12 academic standards for personal finance to provide a multi-grade approach to learning culminating with a capstone course at the high school level.
· There are a wide variety of free and low-cost curriculum materials from which schools can choose making the implementation of a financial education curriculum a no- to low-cost endeavor.
· Most teachers have not been trained to teach personal finance and would like more professional development to help them better understand the subject.
· More high school graduates entering college today are taking out student loans and acquiring substantial debt, yet most young people indicate they do not understand the student loan process or how to plan for college costs.
Current efforts to teach personal finance in Pennsylvania’s public schools today are fragmented and inconsistent depending on which of the 500 school districts a student attends. To ensure that every student receives the instruction they need to make informed decisions about saving, spending, investing and protecting their money, the Task Force makes the following recommendations to Governor Corbett and the Pennsylvania General Assembly:
Recommendation 1: Require every Pennsylvania high school student to complete a standalone capstone course on personal finance in order to graduate.
Recommendation 2: Adopt comprehensive, standalone Pennsylvania K-12 academic standards devoted to personal finance.
Recommendation 3: Provide dedicated funding to support high quality K-12 personal finance instruction and teacher training.
Recommendation 4: Develop a financial education instructional endorsement for secondary teachers in Pennsylvania and corresponding program guidelines for professional educator programs.
Click here to download the complete "Report and Recommendations: Pennsylvania Task Force on Economic Education and Personal Financial Literacy Education - January 2013."
Status Report by Departments of Education and Banking and Securities
Click here to download the companion biennial report by the Pennsylvania Departments of Education and Banking and Securities on the status of economic education and personal finance education in the commonwealth - April 2013.


|Elevation||623 ft (190 m)|
|Area||0.74 sq mi (2 km2)|
|- land||0.74 sq mi (2 km2)|
|- water||0.00 sq mi (0 km2)|
|Density||1,832.3 / sq mi (707 / km2)|
|- summer (DST)||CDT (UTC-5)|
|Wikimedia Commons: Ashland, Illinois|
Ashland is located at (39.887929, -90.008759).
According to the 2010 census, the village has a total area of 0.74 square miles (1.9 km2), all land.
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,361 people, 546 households, and 386 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,832.3 people per square mile (710.1/km²). There were 581 housing units at an average density of 782.2 per square mile (303.1/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 98.60% White, 0.15% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.07% from other races, and 0.81% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.22% of the population.
There were 546 households out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.2% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.3% were non-families. 25.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.97.
In the village the population was spread out with 26.5% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 95.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $43,125, and the median income for a family was $50,227. Males had a median income of $31,086 versus $25,150 for females. The per capita income for the village was $20,090. About 5.1% of families and 6.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.
- "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- "Places: Illinois". 2010 Census Gazetteer Files. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
- "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- Ashland Scoop (Village Newsletter)
- Prairie Skies Library (Ashland Library)
- Printers Ink (Printer)
- Ashland High School (Yearbook Archive)


The syllabus is based on six physical ranges, five specific to the natural arms. The skills cover hitting, grappling and restraining. Collectively it is an educational collection of disciplines that develops the ability to plan and adapt skills to the task at hand while encouraging intuitive improvisation.
RANGE AND DISTANCE
Range and distance is analysed as a physical range and a predicament distance. There are six physical ranges while the predicament distance covers three fields of engagement.
1. Weapon Weapon engagement range.
2. Lower limbs Leg engagement range.
3. Upper limbs Arm engagement range.
4. Envelopment Within grasp of both hands.
5. Traversing One exponent upright, one grounded.
6. Ground Both exponents on the ground.
The predicament distance is where range is exaggerated by the emotional and adrenaline alerted-consciousness relative to the level of the violence. It is in this heightened state that deceptions can easily influence the outcome. This predicament distance covers three fields of engagement.
ACTIONS OF LAST RESORT
An action-of-last-resort is an opportunity, where the exponent is being threatened by an armed opponent and is in fear of their life.
PLAN, ADAPT, IMPROVISE
Savate is a game of chance, where preparation, skill and deception play an important role. The savateur must interpret, distract and mislead the opponent to gain opportunity time. Knowledge is confidence, so plan, adapt, and improvise.


Lighting is essential to all aspects of modern society, in the residential, commercial and industrial spheres. In terms of the market for efficient commercial lighting, numerous concerns come into play – everything from cost and light output to energy use and lifespan. The latter factors have become increasingly emphasized in recent years, stemming in large part from concerns over energy use and sustainability.
According to a recent column in The Economist, lighting accounts for 17 percent of the United States' energy consumption. This alone can constitute a strong case for the more widespread adoption of LED lighting and other green lighting solutions that can bring about more efficient energy use. The source reported that solid state technologies incorporating LED bulbs would provide major savings and consumption reduction if implemented on a massive scale.
Notable benefits of solid-state LED lighting
For businesses, educational institutions and municipal government departments, the primary motivator behind the choice of a lighting system is not cost so much as it is long-term benefits. For this reason, LEDs stand out, as The Economist identifies the L70 rating of these lamps – a measurement of the time it will take for a bulb's luminescence to diminish from full power to 70 percent – as being approximately 10 years.
While no piece of technology is foolproof and LED bulbs will have to be replaced eventually, the fact that these bulbs are designed to last decades rather than years is something that can't be ignored. Essentially, any costs involved only constitute an initial investment that will pay off massive dividends in the long run for a commercial entity.
In terms of energy use, LEDs also trump their incandescent and fluorescent competitors hands down. The source reports that LEDs turn 75 percent of their energy into light and only 25 percent into heat, while incandescents only produce light with 5 percent of the electricity they use. When measured by lumens per watt (lm/w), LEDs can produce as much as 100 lm/w, while incandescents produce about 15 lm/w. Even compact fluorescent lights (CFLs), which are considerably more powerful than incandescent bulbs, falter against LEDs with a luminescence of about 60 lm/w.
Competition for LED lighting?
Advances are taking place in lighting technologies aside from LED lighting systems. Precision Paragon (P2), a commercial lighting manufacturer, recently announced the release of fluorescent fixtures that could trump some LED fixtures in terms of manufacturer-rated lifespan. The company claimed that some of its new fluorescent offerings could provide up to 80,000 hours of life in a release.
"Just years ago, it was revolutionary to be making LED high-bays with 50,000 hour plus rated life," said Lou Preston, marketing director of P2. "Today, fluorescent technology has advanced far enough that we can ship high-bay fluorescent fixtures with lamps that have similar or longer rated life spans."
However, Preston even admitted in his statement that these might not be appropriate for all commercial applications, and that LED fixtures are still worth considering.
In a separate recent statement, Panasonic announced the development of a semiconductor white light source that could produce approximately 10,000 lumens. The Asahi Shimbun reported that the technology used an ultraviolet semiconductor laser, which was the cause of the powerful brightness, but its applications appear to be only niches so far – namely, vehicle headlights and data projectors.
All in all, as The Economist reports, the wide range of applications and capability for integration in LED lighting – exemplified in products such as Philips Hue system – is likely to make them stand head and shoulders above competing products in most important metrics.


Fake news is not news you disagree with. In fact, it is not news at all. It is content generated to drive eyeballs to ads (e.g., clickbait) or to spread false information (extreme bias, rumors, conspiracy theories, junk science, and propaganda, for example).
Websites created to mimic mainstream news sites:
Advertisements designed to look like news stories:
Look for labels: a corporate logo. Or a tiny statement indicating Paid Post, Advertisement, or Sponsored by. Or the tiny Ad Choices triangle at the upper right corner of an image.
Satire (for example, The Onion).
If you wish to use or adapt any or all of the content of this Guide go to https://olinuris.library.cornell.edu/services/research/guides/use to review our use permission and our Creative Commons license.
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Join Todd Perkins for an in-depth discussion in this video Check boxes, part of Learning Java Applications (2016).
- [Voiceover] Let's get some practice with check boxes.…So, I'm in my layout.java file,…and I'm looking in the design view,…as you can see in the tab in the editor.…And, in my window, if I select it,…I'll see that I have an absolute layout.…Remember that you can always change it with…a drop down, in the properties panel,…just like you can change it in the layout section.…So let's drop a check box onto the screen.…So, I'll select check box, under components,…and then just put my mouse cursor in the window,…and click to drop it down.…
I'll just type example for the name.…What I want to do is track whether the…check box is on or off, in a separate label.…So, I'm going to create a J label, by clicking J label,…under components, and then I'm going to click…under the example check box, so in here, I'll type off.…This is just going to toggle between off and on,…when the check box is selected, or de-selected.…So, let's start with tracking the variable names…for the UI elements, so I click on the check box.…
And the check box is check box example,…
- Installing Java and Eclipse
- Understanding basic Java syntax
- Handling Java errors
- Creating a UI with Swing
- Creating tables and connecting to data sources for tables
- Publishing a JAR file
- Installing NetBeans
- Creating JSP pages
- Setting up and connecting to databases
- Creating Java-based Android Studio projects
Skill Level Beginner
1. Install Java and an IDE
2. Java Basics Review
3. Create a User Interface with Swing
4. Tables and Data Sources
5. Application Distribution and Deployment
Publish a runnable JAR file2m 32s
6. Server-Side Java: JSP and Databases
7. Android Development
Next steps1m 16s
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Presentation on theme: " Strategies implemented within the general education setting. Small groups and differentiation Team problem solving/consultation Examples of interventions."— Presentation transcript:
Strategies implemented within the general education setting. Small groups and differentiation Team problem solving/consultation Examples of interventions available to general education students: Basic skills instruction Freshman Academy
Intervention and Referral Team (I&RS) action plan School I&RS team composed of teachers, administrator, guidance, and CST member. Any teacher or parent can refer a student to the I&RS team for academic concerns I&RS team can develop an action plan that include accommodations within the classroom As a team, can identify any school wide issues and recommend action
Section 504 For general education students with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits access to an appropriate education Provides reasonable accommodations not modifications to the curriculum Based on Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) “No otherwise qualified individual with a disability in the United States… shall, solely by reason of his or her disability, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to, discrimination under any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance.” 29 U.S.C. Sec. 794
Public schools Private or charter schools Child care centers Before and after school programs Municipal and recreation programs Prohibits discrimination in employment, education and public accommodations. Prohibits discrimination by colleges and universities that receive federal financial assistance.
A physical, or mental impairment which substantially limits one or more major life activities : Caring for oneselfConcentrating WalkingThinking SeeingCommunicating SpeakingWorking LearningHelping BreathingEating SleepingBending StandingOperating Bodily Functions LiftingReading Sitting Stooping ReachingProcreating
Unable to perform a major life activity that most people in the general population can perform Or Significantly restricted as to the condition, manner or duration under which an individual can perform a particular major life activity as compared to the condition, manner and duration under which most people in the general population can perform the same major life activity.
Who decides? 504 team decides on eligibility and development of plan A multi-disciplinary team of educators, counselors, and/or related service professionals within the school. Parent and medical documentation is considered when making the determination.
An IEP does not follow your student to college! Pre-Admission: Contact student support services to see if your student qualifies for a 504 plan for testing accommodations Students may not be denied admission because they have a disability. However, the college may have academic standards that are a requirement for admission. You have no obligation to inform a post secondary institution that you have a disability. Post Admission: The student is responsible for obtaining documentation (recent testing, IEP, 504 plan) and presenting to institution. Post secondary institutions are NOT responsible for, and generally will NOT pay for evaluations.
Covered by Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): Provides accommodations and/or modifications for individuals with disabilities wherein the disability adversely affects the student's educational performance and prevents to ensure Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) Parent or I&RS team can refer student for a Child Study Team Evaluation. Require parent permission.
How is eligibility determined? Must be found eligible under one of the categories as specified by state code. Disability must adversely affect student’s educational performance Student must be in need of special education or related services. IEPs: Outlines programming and needed accommodations and modifications within both general education and special education classrooms. Individualized goals
Accommodations Support students with disabilities so they can access general education Does not “water down” curriculum or reduce academic expectations. Supports based on a students needs so the student can do the same work and meet the same outcome goals as their peers.
Examples of accommodations: Presentation – repeating directions, reading aloud, large print Response – using a different answer book, pointing Setting – testing in separate room, preferential seating Timing – extended time, frequent breaks
Modifications to curriculum: a change from the general curriculum in what is taught or expected from the student. Based on an individuals needs Begins with the general education curriculum and then is individualized for the student.
Examples of modifications: Reduction of required homework or classwork Alternative reading books. Modified testing – reduced amount of material covered, reduced amount of multiple choice answers Modified grading – i.e. grading by pass/fail
Original Question: Use a ruler to measure the length of your table in centimeters (cm): ___________________ length in cm Modified Question: Metric Rulers are fairly easy to read. They deal with centimeters (cm) and millimeters (mm) only. You won’t have to worry much about fractions. Take a look at the metric ruler above. The larger lines with numbers are centimeters and the smallest lines are millimeters. Since millimeters are 1/10 of a centimeter, if you measure 7 marks after a centimeter it is 1.7 cm long. Directions: Use a ruler to measure the length of your lab table in centimeters (cm): Length in centimeters (cm) =________________________________________ Modifications Made: Copy of the ruler was added to the handout so that the student had a visual aid. Description of a metric ruler was given so that the student had an understanding and a reference to go to while completing the assignment.
Original Question: Add a drop of Brom thymol blue to cavity 2, 3, 4, & 6. Modified Question: Add a drop of Brom thymol blue to cavity 2. Note information about the contents on the vials of solution number 1-4 (formula). Record this information in the appropriate spaces on the Data Chart. Add a drop of Brom thymol blue to cavity 3. Note information about the contents on the vials of solution number 1-4 (formula). Record this information in the appropriate spaces on the Data Chart. Modifications Made: The steps of the problem were broken down into 1 step directions so that the students are not confused.
Original Question : Use QASI to answer the following question from The Pardoner’s Tale, The Wife of Bath: Question: is direct and indirect characterization used in your story? How is one of the main character(s) in your story depicted (give examples of quotes from the reading)? Does your character evolve from the beginning of the story to the end. Modified Question: Original Question Plus: Remember: Direct Characterization- the writer makes direct statements about a character’s personality and tells the reader what the character is like. Indirect Characterization- the writer reveals information about a character and his personality through the character’s thoughts, words, and actions, along with how the other characters respond to him/her. Question: is direct and indirect characterization used in your story? How is one of the main character(s) in your story depicted (give examples of quotes from the reading)? Does your character evolve from the beginning of the story to the end. Modifications Made: Students were given the definitions of Direct and Indirect Characterization Students were given a QASI graphic organizer to complete (next slide)
Q (Restate the question in the form of a statement- answer the question: Is indirect and direct characterization used in your story?)______________________________________________________________________________ A (Provide an answer to the question- what is your position?- do not use “I think” or “In my opinion” – How is one of the main character(s) in your story depicted? )______________________________________________________________________________ S1 (Supporting details- give at least 2 quotes to support the position your taking- go back and find these two quotes from the reading- INTRODUCE the quote and EXPLAIN what the quote means.)______________________________________________________________________________ S2 (Supporting details- give at least 2 quotes to support the position your taking- go back and find these two quotes from the reading- INTRODUCE the quote and EXPLAIN what the quote means.)______________________________________________________________________________ I (Insight- this is where you give your opinion about the open-ended question…use ideas from your personal life, your community, or from the news: Does your character evolve from the beginning of the story to the end, and give examples of someone you know that fits this description.)______________________________________________________________________________
Original Question: Find the slope of the line that passes through the points (5, -2) and (5, 8).You need to use the Slope Formula. Modified Question: Find the slope of the line that passes through the points (1,2) and (7,7). Use the Slope Formula: Y 2 -Y 1 X 2 -X 1 Example: (1,2) and (7,7) = 7-2 = Modifications Made: Add the Slope Formula and offer an example to the students to remind them of the necessary steps.
Original Question: Solve the equation for y. -6x + y = 11 Modified Question: Solve the equation for y. Remember the answer will be in the format y = -6x + y = 11 Modification Made: Even though an example of how to solve the problem was not given, the student is still reminded of the proper format for the correct answer.
Original Question: What is the cause of the troop surge? Modified Question: What is the cause of the troop surge? A. Resurgence (coming back of) the Taliban/Al-Qaida B. The United States is now fighting with Pakistan C. The United States is preparing for World War III Modification Made: By making this a multiple choice question, a student who has difficulty with written expression can still show that they know the correct answer.
Gossip at the Salons
Try to give students information ahead of time, especially the following: Vocabulary lists Power Point handouts Required ORAL readings for class Put all of your class notes, Power Point presentations, homework assignments, and class assignments on your teacher web page in a timely manner.


The task was to create a designed and considered solution to the contributing factors of urban poverty. The solution came in the form of an Urban Survival Pack for children, to be placed in schools for use as an instructional device by teachers. Its tactility and playful shape invites the users to engage with the device while learning through play.
The 20cm square kit is constructed of acrylic and Oriented Strand Board. While the OSB exterior provides protection, the acrylic is designed to be water proof. Contained inside of the pack are 12 cardboard tubes, varying in sizes. Three sizes of tubes contain emergency equipment, gardening utensils, seeds and seed raising mixture.
The six smaller tubes containing vegetable seeds are designed with the intention of being re-used as miniature pot plants. The Urban Survival pack aims to implement new behavioural habits from a young age. The gardening pack not only teaches children about where their food comes from, it also gives them a sense of ownership, responsibility and most importantly entrepreneurship


- 1 What percentage of Kenya’s economy is from tourism?
- 2 What percentage of GDP is travel and tourism?
- 3 How does Kenya benefit from tourism?
- 4 How much of global GDP is tourism?
- 5 What is Kenya’s biggest export?
- 6 Is Kenya rich or poor?
- 7 Which country has highest tourism GDP?
- 8 How does tourism affect GDP?
- 9 What percentage of our economy is tourism?
- 10 Which is the main problem facing tourism in Kenya?
- 11 Is tourism in Kenya Good or bad?
- 12 Who visits Kenya the most?
- 13 Is tourism a industry?
- 14 What percentage of Spain GDP is tourism?
- 15 How is tourism GDP calculated?
What percentage of Kenya’s economy is from tourism?
Kenya – Contribution of travel and tourism to GDP as a share of GDP. Kenya contribution of travel and tourism to GDP (% of GDP ) was at level of 8.8 % in 2019, unchanged from the previous year.
What percentage of GDP is travel and tourism?
The direct contribution of the travel and tourism industry accounted for 3.3 percent of the total global GDP in 2019, showing a small rise over the previous year. Comparatively, the total contribution of the travel and tourism industry in 2019 accounted for 10.4 percent of the total GDP worldwide.
How does Kenya benefit from tourism?
Money spent by tourists in 2014 within Kenya was 17% of Kenya’s exports. All of these positive economic features have allowed Kenya to develop as a country – tourism directly supports the development of Kenya as a country and allows the government to reinvest money into improving the quality of life for its people.
How much of global GDP is tourism?
In 2019, the Travel & Tourism sector contributed 10.4% to global GDP; a share which decreased to 5.5% in 2020 due to ongoing restrictions to mobility.
What is Kenya’s biggest export?
Kenya’s chief exports are horticultural products and tea. In 2005, the combined value of these commodities was US$1,150 million, about 10 times the value of Kenya’s third most valuable export, coffee. Kenya’s other significant exports are petroleum products, sold to near neighbours, fish, cement, pyrethrum, and sisal.
Is Kenya rich or poor?
Kenya is a lower-middle income economy. Although Kenya’s economy is the largest and most developed in eastern and central Africa, 36.1% (2015/2016) of its population lives below the international poverty line. This severe poverty is mainly caused by economic inequality, government corruption and health problems.
Which country has highest tourism GDP?
Macau is the top country by contribution of travel and tourism to GDP (% of GDP ) in the world. As of 2019, contribution of travel and tourism to GDP (% of GDP ) in Macau was 72 %. The top 5 countries also includes Maldives, Seychelles, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and Grenada.
How does tourism affect GDP?
Consistent with most previous studies, tourism has a statistically significant positive association with GDP per capita. Our parameter estimate suggests that a 1% increase in TOUR (i.e., international arrivals) can lead to an estimated average of 0.562% increase in GDP per capital.
What percentage of our economy is tourism?
Britain will have a tourism industry worth over £257 billion by 2025 – just under 10% of UK GDP and supporting almost 3.8 million jobs, which is around 11% of the total UK number. Tourism’s impact is amplified through the economy, so its impact is much wider than just the direct spending levels.
Which is the main problem facing tourism in Kenya?
The major problems facing domestic tourism were found to include low levels of income among the local people, lack of awareness, high prices of tourist products, lack of promotion, general economic instability and’lack of information on the local market.
Is tourism in Kenya Good or bad?
Tourism can often cause environmental damage with risks like erosion, pollution, the loss of natural habitats, and forest fires. Cultural. Culture Clashes. What are the disadvantages of tourism in Kenya?
|Greater demand for local food and crafts||Prices increase in local shops as tourists are often more wealthy than the local population|
Who visits Kenya the most?
Main origin of international tourists in Kenya, by country 2020. From January to October 2020, Uganda was the main origin of visitors arriving in Kenya, with over 60 thousand international tourists. Following, 53.4 thousand visitors arrived from the United States, while 43.6 thousand were from Tanzania.
Is tourism a industry?
It is difficult to define the tourism industry, as unlike with other industries, there is not one clear product. It incorporates many industries, including lodging, transport, attractions, travel companies, and more.
What percentage of Spain GDP is tourism?
In 2019, contribution of travel and tourism to GDP (% of GDP ) for Spain was 14.6 %.
How is tourism GDP calculated?
Tourism direct GDP corresponds to the part of GDP generated by all industries directly in contact with visitors. This indicator is measured as a percentage of total GDP or a percentage of GVA.


A new federal report finds that the number of homeless people declined 2.1 percent over the year to 636,017, cabinet officials accounted during a conference call Tuesday.
The figure is based on a comparison of counts of the homeless population made during a single night in January 2010 and again in January 2011. In addition to the overall decline, the number of homeless people in every category included in the study also fell, including homeless veterans, homeless families, and chronically homeless people. The homeless population was counted and estimated in more than 3,000 localities
"Even in difficult times, we've made tangible progress in addressing homelessness in America," Labor Secretary Hilda Solis said during the call.
Since 2007, the homeless population has declined by 5.3 percent.
Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun Donovan attributed the positive numbers to the Obama administration's efforts, and in particular HUD’s $1.5 billion Homeless Prevention and Rapid Re-housing Program, which was developed as part of the 2009 stimulus package.
Interestingly, the positive news comes at a time when many states are fearful
of the impacts of future budget cuts, set to take effect in just over a year, as a result of federal efforts to cut the debt.
Some programs that help vulnerable populations, such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families and Medicaid, are exempt from those cuts. But others aren't.
The federal Women, Infants, and Children program, is on pace to see its funding drop from $6.7 billion to $6.1 billion in 2013, according to estimates from Federal Funds Information for States, which tracks federal spending. The LIHEAP program, which helps poor people pay their heating bills, would drop from $4.7 billion to less than $4.3 billion.
The study found a particularly big decrease -- 13 percent -- in the number of homeless people who aren't sleeping in shelters. Overall, about two-thirds of homeless people stay in shelters. Homelessness among veterans fell nearly 12 percent.
Still, not every state had stellar numbers. Homelessness was up several places, including California (2,997 or 2.3 percent), Texas (1,790 or 5.1 percent), Georgia (1,139 or 5.7 percent), Missouri (867 or 10.7 percent) and North Carolina (705 or 5.8 percent).
Last year, HUD made several changes to how it defines homelessness, but those changes haven't taken effect and aren't reflected in the count.
Below, view HUD's compilation of homelessness by region.


From staff reports
LEWISTOWN - Summer brings with it a set of concerns that are typically not an issue in the cold winter months, especially in Central Pennsylvania. Water safety is important for children and adults, and the American Red Cross has recommendations for beach, pool and swim safety as families prepare for warm weather and vacations.
Swim in designated areas supervised by lifeguards.
Always swim with a buddy; do not allow anyone to swim alone. Even at a public pool or a lifeguarded beach, use the buddy system.
Ensure that everyone in the family learns to swim well. Enroll in age-appropriate water safety and swimming courses.
Avoid distractions when supervising children around water.
Never leave a young child unattended near water, and do not trust a child's life to another child. Teach children to always ask permission to go near water.
Have young children or inexperienced swimmers wear U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jackets around water, but do not rely on life jackets alone.
Establish rules for your family and enforce them without fail. For example, set limits based on each person's ability, do not let anyone play around drains and suction fittings, and do not allow breath-holding contests or someone who has hyperventilated to swim underwater.
If you go boating, wear a life jacket. Most boating fatalities occur from drowning.
Avoid alcohol use. Alcohol impairs judgment, balance and coordination, affects swimming and diving skills and reduces the body's ability to stay warm.
Actively supervise kids whenever around the water - even if lifeguards are present. Do not drop your kids off at the public pool or leave them at the beach - designate a responsible adult to supervise.
Always stay within arm's reach of young children and avoid distractions when supervising children around water.
If a child is missing, check the water first. Seconds count in preventing death or disability.
Know how and when to call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number.
Have appropriate equipment, such as reaching or throwing equipment, a cell phone, life jackets and a first aid kit.
Enroll in first aid and CPR and AED courses to learn how to prevent and respond to emergencies.
Protect your skin. Limit the amount of direct sunlight you receive between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., and wear sunscreen with a protection factor of at least 15.
Drink plenty of water regularly, even if you're not thirsty. Avoid drinks with alcohol or caffeine in them.
Secure your pool with appropriate barriers. Completely surround your pool with a four-foot-high fence or barrier with a self-closing, self-latching gate. Place a safety cover on the pool or hot tub when not in use and remove any ladders or steps used for access. Consider installing a pool alarm that goes off if anyone enters the pool.
For more information on water safety or courses available through the American Red Cross, call 248-4213 or visit www.redcross.org.


By the skin of your teeth
Narrowly; barely. Usually used in regard to a narrow escape from a disaster.
The phrase first appears in English in the Geneva Bible, 1560, in Job 19:20, which provides a literal translation of the original Hebrew:
"I haue escaped with the skinne of my tethe."
Teeth don't have skin, of course, so the writer may have been alluding to the teeth's surface or simply to a notional minute measure - something that might now be referred to, with less poetic imagery than the biblical version, as 'as small as the hairs on a gnat's bollock'.


According to the authors,
"The surface of the world’s oceans has been warming since the beginning of industrialisation. In addition to this, multidecadal sea surface temperature (SST) variations of internal [natural] origin exist. Evidence suggests that the North Atlantic Ocean exhibits the strongest multidecadal SST variations and that these variations are connected to the overturning circulation."
"we conclude that AMOC [natural] variability contributed significantly to North Atlantic SST [Sea Surface Temperature] trends since the mid-19th century."
Calculations of climate sensitivity to CO2 do not include natural variability of ocean and atmospheric oscillations, and thereby exaggerate the effect of CO2 on climate.
Journal of Climate 2014 ; e-View
How much have variations in the meridional overturning circulation contributed to sea surface temperature trends since 1850? A study with the EC-Earth global climate model
In this work we investigate the extent to which these internal [natural] multidecadal variations have contributed to enhancing or diminishing the trend induced by the external radiative forcing, globally and in the North Atlantic. We do so in a model study where we combine the analysis of a long control simulation with constant radiative forcing at preindustrial level and an ensemble of simulations with historical forcing from 1850 until 2005. First we note that global SST trends calculated from the different historical simulations are similar, while there is a large disagreement between the North Atlantic SST trends. Then we analyse the control simulation, where we identify a relationship between SST anomalies and anomalies in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) for multidecadal and longer time scales. This relationship enables us to extract the AMOC-related SST variability from each individual member of the ensemble of historical simulations and then to calculate the SST trends with the AMOC-related variability excluded. For the global SST trends this causes only a little difference while SST trends with AMOC-related variability excluded for the North Atlantic show closer agreement than with the AMOC-related variability included. From this we conclude that AMOC [natural] variability contributed significantly to North Atlantic SST [Sea Surface Temperature] trends since the mid-19th century.


The Indus River basin – shared by Afghanistan, China, India, and Pakistan – provides critical water resources for the more than 268 million people who call it home. These resources are also key to the economic development and environmental health of the region, but rapid changes, such as population growth, urbanization, and climate change are exacerbating the basin’s already stressed natural resources. If the Indus is to continue to provide important ecosystem and livelihood services to those within and beyond its boundaries, development must be undertaken in a cooperative, equitable and sustainable manner.
In order to ensure this trajectory, it is important to build a shared understanding of the challenges facing the Indus, and to establish a baseline of knowledge in order to respond to future impacts. Made accessible to all, such a baseline can improve basin management and be a valuable policy making tool and public good.
The Indus Basin Knowledge Forum (IBKF) builds on several previous meetings and initiatives – the Indus Forum, the Upper Indus Basin Network, and the Global Environment Facility-funded Integrated Solutions for Water, Energy and Land Project (ISWEL). The aim of the IBKF is to bring together researchers and policy makers from the four countries in the basin and beyond to share knowledge, and advance collaborative efforts for sustainable resource management.
This third meeting of the IBKF will carry forward outcomes from the last forum, which was held in Colombo, Sri Lanka, during July 2017. Co-convened by the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) and the World Bank, the IBKF aims to further strengthen the connections among those working in policy making, research and knowledge generation.
Follow the event on twitter using #IBKF.
Parts of the event will be live-streamed.


While it might have looked like someone loved the library so much they had to move in to the courtyard, what was actually happening in the tent in the garden was (even) cooler than that: Mr. Zoras’s science class was collecting bugs and recording their findings, as part of a Canada-wide project. Here’s a summary from the project’s website:
“Since 2013, the School Malaise Trap Program has teamed up with thousands of students and educators across Canada in order to explore the insect diversity found in their schoolyards. The program’s goal is to encourage students to explore, question and understand the world around them – starting with their own schoolyard. Students are introduced to the life of a biologist and the exciting science of DNA barcoding.
“Through hands-on research and inquiry based learning, the School Malaise Trap Program encourages students to become actively engaged citizen scientists – their efforts contribute valuable data to the International Barcode of Life project. Over 700 new species to BOLD have been discovered since this project began!”
Here’s the list of species in our garden:


Ashe County is located in the northwestern corner of the state. It was established in North Carolina General Assembly in 1799. The county was named for Samuel Ashe, a Revolutionary War patriot. It lies west of the Blue Ridge Mountains and its border with Wilkes County is defined by the Blue Ridge Parkway.
About 1740, Major Abraham Wood led a surveying party west into the Virginia wilderness. They discovered a previously unknown river that flowed north. They named this the Wood River, but the name was later changed to the New River. Another early explorer to the present-day Ashe County area was Bishop Augustus Gottlieb Spangenberg, a Moravian leader on a search for a new home for group. He arrived in 1752. The settlement was later built in Winston-Salem. Settlers began to settle the area around 1770.
Due to boundary changes and formation of counties, Ashe County had at one time been part of Anson County, Rowan County in 1753, Surry County in 1771 and Wilkes County in 1777. The area had also been claimed by both North Carolina and the State of Franklin. Alleghany County and Watauga County were formed from Ashe County
Population - 22,209
County Seat - Jefferson
We have a mailing list for Ashe County history and genealogical research. Due to spam, I have limited postings to the list to come from only submitters. However, if you aren't a member, and don't want to become one, you can contact me and I can forward it to the list asking that they directly contact you.
In March and April, 1996, a group of genealogists organized the Kentucky Comprehensive Genealogy Database. The idea was to provide a single entry point for all counties in Kentucky, where collected databases would be stored. In addition, the databases would be indexed and cross-linked, so that even if an individual were found in more than one county, they could be located in the index.
At the same time, other states became in the project and the USGenWeb Project began. Volunteers were found who were willing to coordinate the collection of databases and generally oversee the contents of the web pages. If you would like to contribute any information to this page, please let me know.
Copyright 2000-2009 - Crystal French - Ashe County Coordinator. The information found at this site is for the purpose of non-commercial genealogical research. Information submitted by researchers is copyrighted by that submitter. Queries are also copyrighted by the submitter. Send all questions and/or comments to Crystal French


Located only 50 miles from Portland, Oregon, Washington State's Mount St. Helens is seared into our memories for its catastrophic eruption on May 18, 1980. The eruption took life, property, and the summit of Mount St. Helens, which is now topped by a large crater. While Mount St. Helens is the nation's most active volcano, the Pacific Northwest actually has a long history of volcanic activity, centered on the Cascades mountain range.
At Oregon's Newberry National Volcanic Monument, visitors can explore the Lava River Cave, a lava tube formed after a volcanic eruption when surface lava cooled and hot lava continued to flow beneath. The underground channel where this lava flowed now forms a long cave. Crater Lake, also in Oregon, the deepest lake in the United States, was also formed by volcanic activity.
Of course, there's more to the Pacific Northwest than volcanoes. Join us next September for our Pacific Northwest Hiking experience to learn about all of the state's stunning natural wonders and biodiversity, as well as the delicious food and wine of Oregon and Washington.
Where's your favorite place to go hiking? Please share.
Did you know? The Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program tracks volcanic activity worldwide, and you can click here for more on Mount St. Helens.


The study of visualization has a long history in both technology and education. The goal of visualization for scientific areas is to be able to accurately and effectively communicate different types of information through the creation of imaginary representations for a wide variety of audiences.
Visualization for scientists is an external interdisciplinary workshop that aims to explain different types of visualization of scientific ideas: from creating 3D models to developing VR projects.
Why scientists and researchers today want to visualize their ideas:
- desire to communicate science to a wider audience;
- diversity of activities involved in making scientific visualization;
- short-term nature and immediate gratification of visual project.
- just took the opportunity to learn about visual design and filmmaking when it came along.
VR SCIENTIFIC FESTIVAL on Facebook: Link here


In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
How IVF Works
The first step is to determine whether IVF is appropriate for a patient, and if so, what protocol should be used, and whether special adjustments may be needed to address the patient's clinical circumstances. This is accomplished through some initial testing to determine the cause(s) of infertility. This diagnostic testing stage may include:
- hormone tests such as AMH and FSH;
- an evaluation of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, with HSN or HSG; and
- semen analysis.
At CHR, the initial testing is taken very seriously; to us, it only makes sense to identify the problems before trying to tackle them. As a "fertility center of last resort," we see patients daily with a long history of failed IVF cycles at other centers. It is astonishing how many of these patients have infertility causes and/or related medical conditions affecting their fertility potential that were not identified, thus not addressed during the course of their previous IVF attempts.
Once the causes of infertility are identified and IVF is chosen as the plan of action, the basic flow of treatment is similar for most patients, although some patients do require additional interventions or adjustments.
Typical Steps of an IVF Cycle
Medications are administered over the course of about 21 days to suppress normal ovarian function
The first stage of IVF involves stimulating the ovaries so that multiple eggs mature. Normally, a woman produces one egg in each menstrual cycle, but with IVF, many follicles (small sacks in the ovaries that contain growing eggs) are produced with hormone stimulation and multiple eggs are obtained (usually 7-15). This ensures that a good number of embryos are produced after fertilization.
Typically one to three embryos are transferred into the uterus to establish a pregnancy. To achieve this, the female patient will need to take fertility medications to suppress her own hormones. This phase lasts for about 21 days. The drugs put the body into a temporary low-hormone state (similar to a short-term menopause), along with all of the side effects that might be expected such as hot flashes and mood swings.
Injectable fertility medications are administered for 8-12 days to stimulate the woman's ovaries to mature multiple eggs
Once the patient's own hormones have been suppressed, she can begin taking the medications that stimulate the ovaries and promote egg production. She may need to have injections daily for 8-12 days. The response of the ovaries will be carefully monitored using ultrasound scanning to see the size and number of developing follicles as well as blood tests. CHR physicians will modify this according to the way the individual patient's body responds to the stimulation.
Monitoring during this stimulation period is essential, because the ovaries sometimes respond too strongly to the medicines. This may result in the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), which can cause a range of symptoms from mild abdominal pain to severe pain, vomiting, nausea and dehydration. On rare occasions, an IVF cycle has to be cancelled because of hyperstimulation. IVF cycles can also be cancelled if not enough follicles develop, or the follicles grow very poorly. CHR physicians strive to strike a balance between these two unfavorable outcomes, based on their decades of clinical experience and up-to-date knowledge of the medical literature.
Eggs are removed from the ovaries in a surgical procedure, then fertilized in a lab with the partner's or a donor's sperm
If all goes well, the next stage in an IVF cycle is egg retrieval (egg collection). This takes place when the ultrasound scan shows a sufficient number of large follicles. The patient takes an injection late at night to give the eggs in the ovaries the last 'push' towards maturity. Ovulation normally occurs 37-40 hours after this injection, so egg retrieval is scheduled to take place just before ovulation occurs (at about 34 hours).
The eggs are usually retrieved using a fine, hollow needle guided by ultrasound. Around the same time of the oocyte collection for the female patient, the male partner produces a semen sample. (Of course, we can work with frozen donor sperm as well.) The sperm is assessed and prepared for fertilization. As soon as the eggs are extracted from the ovaries, they are placed into an "embryo culture" medium with the sperm and then placed in an incubator overnight. The next day, the eggs are observed through a microscope to see if fertilization has occurred. The day after, cell division will have started and the embryo might now have two or four cells.
Embryos are selected and transferred into the woman's uterus through a small catheter inserted through the cervix
The embryos will be checked by our expert embryologists to ensure that they are developing normally and, if all is well, embryo transfer can take place. In most cases where PGD is not involved, embryo transfer is scheduled 3 days after the egg retrieval. The embryos, together with a tiny amount of nutrient fluid, are put into a catheter and placed into the uterus through her cervix with a special ultrasound guidance by one of our IVF doctors. By transferring one or two embryos we reduce the risk of a multiple pregnancy. Occasionally, in older patients, we transfer more embryos. If there are "extra" embryos of good quality, these can be frozen and stored for use in a future treatment cycle if needed.
The embryo transfer procedure is critical; the physician's skill in placing the embryo(s) in the optimal location in the uterus has an impact on the likelihood of eventual pregnancy. The procedure is short and generally painless. Afterwards, the woman will be advised to rest for a short time and then go home and "carry on as normal."
Approximately two weeks after the transfer is complete, a blood test will be done to detect the pregnancy. If this is positive, an ultrasound will be performed for further confirmation several weeks later
It will be about two weeks before a pregnancy test can be done, and this waiting is one of the most stressful times of the cycle. During this time, the female patient will be prescribed progesterone, which is needed to provide hormonal support to a pregnancy.
If the pregnancy blood test is positive, we will confirm this with a few more blood tests. Then an ultrasound scan a couple of weeks later will identify a normal pregnancy in the uterus and the heartbeat of the new embryo. If all is developing normally, the newly pregnant patient will be referred back to her obstetrician to make the transition to prenatal care.
While the in vitro fertilization procedure described above sounds simple, in reality, IVF is a complex and emotionally demanding process, as many of our patients can tell you. It can take between six weeks and two months on average for a single treatment cycle and most couples find it both physically and mentally draining. CHR staff members' extensive experience with couples going through IVF treatment allows us to provide all the support needed to assist individuals during this emotional time.
Read more about IVF Treatment
One of the frequently asked questions in fertility care is whether a woman who wants to have babies...
While we do not yet have the complete live birth rates for 2014, it is our custom to publish clinical pregnancy rates...
IVF centers are required to report their IVF success rates annually...
Last Updated: November 15, 2014