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Wild Dog Information
The whole body is randomly colored with a mixture of black, white, brown and yellow blotches, which is why the African wild dog is sometimes called the African Painted Dog. The color pattern is unique to each individual, with no two dogs having the same markings.
The wild dog's muzzle is black, with a black line of fur running from the muzzle to a point midway between the ears.
Behavior: Wild dogs are active during the day because they rely mainly on sight to hunt. They also take advantage of bright moonlight for hunting, and tend to rest in shady areas during the hottest time of the day.
Wild dogs are higly social animals, living in very close-knit packs comprising from two to 50 dogs.
Wild dogs do not have territories but instead have enormous home ranges, covering hundreds of square km, over which they roam and hunt prey. See also Wild Dog Society.
They are highly specialised hunters, able to run at speeds up to 65 kph and maintain a pace of 56 kph (35 mph) for several kilometers.
Reproduction: Wild dog pups are born during the dry, winter months (March to July) when the grass is short and the hunting conditions are at their best. Between two to 10 pups are born after a gestation period of 69 to 73 days. Pups are born in abandoned burrows of other animals and stay near their den for the first three months of their lives.
Hunting and Diet: Wild dogs are strictly carnivorous and are specialised hunters of medium sized antelope such as impala and wildebeest, but also catch animals as small as rabbits.
The wild dog only kills for its immediate needs. The pack moves slowly towards the prey. A long chase then takes place, sometimes up to several kilometers.
The prey either starts to get weary, or weakens after shock or loss of blood and then is overpowered by the pack. Dogs take bites out of the animal while it is still on the move but the victim's death is usually quick. See also Wild Dogs - Efficient Hunters that Kill to Eat.
For additional information about the African wild dog, see our gallery of Wild Dog Pictures.
Return to Wildlife Info.
CommentsHave your say or ask any questions in the comment box below.


Some of the most vibrant Jewish neighborhoods in North America exist “South of the Border” in Mexico, where over 40,000 Jews have created a close-knit, distinct community.
Many of the new territory’s Jews fled to neighboring Peru.
Governor de Carvajal himself was arrested on charges of practicing Judaism and died in prison in 1595. “Suspicious” activities that could brand someone a Jew included bathing on a Friday and afterwards putting on clean clothes; draining and disposing of blood after slaughtering a bird to eat; fasting on Yom Kippur; eating tortillas (which are unleavened) during Passover; and circumcising sons.
Anyone guilty of these “crimes” faced drastic punishments including torture, imprisonment, forced wearing of a sanbenito, a knee-length yellow gown, or a dunce-cap, and execution.
(The area of Puebla might have been home to a thriving secret Jewish community of its own; see the section on Jewish-Mexican food, below.) Despite this victory, French forces went on to conquer Mexico, and set up the short-lived Second Mexican Empire.
In 1864, Emperor Maximilian I declared himself ruler and though he never consolidated his reign over all of Mexico, the short-lived monarch did make one remarkable change in Mexico: he issued an edict of religious tolerance and invited German Jews to settle in Mexico.
When Hernan Cortés first conquered Mexico for Spain in 1521, he did so with a number of secret Jews amongst his men.


Parallel Operation Of Single-Phase Transformer
It is required to connect a second transformer in parallel with the first transformer if the load exceeds the rating of the transformer shown in Figure 1.46. The primary windings are connected to the supply bus bars while the secondary windings are connected to the load bus bars. During paralleling of the transformer, similar polarities of the transformers should be connected to the same bus bars shown in Figure 1.46. Otherwise, the two emfs induced in the secondary windings with incorrect polarities will produce the equivalent of a dead short circuit shown in Figure 1.47.
The following conditions are important for parallel opera-tion of transformers:
- The voltage ratings of both the primary and the secondary of the transformers should be identical. Small differences are permissible if the resultant circulating currents can be tolerated.
- The connections of the transformers should be proper with respect to their polarities.
- The percentage impedances should be equal in magnitude and the X/R ratio must be the same to avoid circulating current and operation at different power factors.
- The equivalent impedances must be inversely proportional to the respective kVA ratings.
The above conditions must be satisfied by paralleling transformers of identical ratings of the same make/model. With different kVA ratings of even the same make/model, the effects in steps 1, 2 and 3 may appear in undesirable amounts. Step 2 must be carried out satisfactorily even if steps 1, 3 and 4 are slightly modified.
Figure 1.46 Parallel Operation of Transformers
Figure 1.47 Parallel Operation of Transformers with Incorrect Polarities


What is Your Color IQ? The Answers
Did you take the color IQ quiz? If not, try it now at this page before taking at the look at the answers below. The answers to the color quiz which are highlighted in yellow. Further detail about each question and answer is under each question.
1. To mix a bright spring green, which yellow and blue would you use?
a. A green-yellow with a red-blue
b. An orange-yellow with a green blue
c. A green-yellow with a green-blue
d. All of the above
If you chose “a” or “b” your green would be a dull green not a bright green because the mixture contains the color opposite of green, which is red. Having even a little bit of red in the yellow or the blue will dull the final green mixture. (Download my free e-book you see in the upper right hand corner to learn more about mixing greens.) In this blog, I demonstrate how to mix a bright green, “Kermit says, Let’s Mix a Bright Green!”
2. When mixing the two secondaries orange and purple, the resulting color is:
b. A burnt sienna
c. A muddy gray
d. I have no clue
It is important to know the results of mixing two secondaries because they often result in colors you may not want. Experiment mixing orange with purple, purple with green and green with orange. You just might be pleasantly surprised. I use these mixtures knowingly all of the time. By the way, the mixture of two secondaries, is called a tertiary.
3. When cadmium yellow (orange-yellow) is mixed with ultramarine blue (red-blue), why is the resulting green a warm or olive green?
a. Both tubes of paint have some red in them
b. Both tubes of paint have some green in them
c. A & B
d. I wish I knew
Knowing the color bias of your primary colors is key to mixing the color you desire. The green mixture will be a muddier or duller green because the color opposite of green, which is red, is in both the cad yellow and the ultramarine blue.
4. Which of the below describes the attributes of each of the tubes of paint you own?
a. Transparency vs. opacity
b. A manufacturer’s unique properties, such as fluidity, thickness, etc.
c. Tintorial strength
e. All of the above
As you know, the attributes/characteristics of each tube of paint is important in mixing, creating textures and layering. In my color class we explore their differences as well as discuss which ones you like given your style, how you like to apply paint and the effects you like to create. To test the transparency and opacity of your tubes of pain, click, “Transparency and Opacity.”
5. To effectively tone down or de-saturate a bright pink, which color would you use?
b. A warm green
c. A cool green
d. All of the above
Pink is created using a blue-red with some white. Hence, the best green to use to tone it down is to use a blue-green or a green with a blue color bias.
6. The phenomenon that explains how colors that are adjacent to one another impact/influence each other, is called:
a. Simultaneous contrast
b. Visual mixing
c. Perceptual opposites
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
Simultaneous contrast is the reason why you may experience the frustration of mixing the ‘perfect’ color on your palette but when you go to apply it on your painting it doesn’t work because of the colors surrounding it. This is an important and interesting concept to learn about. For more information on simultaneous contrast, please visit, “What Key Color Principle is Often Neglected?”
7. Almost all of the blues available on the market:
a. Contain a little of red in them
b. Contain a little of yellow (which makes the blue a green-blue) in them
c. Manufacturers offer about the same quantity of each – 50% red-blues and 50% green-blues
Nearly all of the blues available today are green-blues. Very few carry a red bias and I wish I knew why this is the case.
8. When mixing a pair of color opposites, the two colors are always a combination of all three primary colors.
Let’s use orange and blue as our color opposites. Orange is created by mixing yellow and red. Hence, when you mix orange with blue, you are in fact mixing all three primary colors. The same is true when mixing yellow with purple and red with green.
9. A tertiary color is:
a. Intermediate color between a primary and secondary color on the color wheel
b. A mixture of two secondaries
c. A mixture of three colors
d. All of the above
Most popular literature on color has been misleading painters for years. You know that the mixture of two primaries = a secondary color. Hence, the mixture of two secondaries = a tertiary color. The answer is NOT “a.” See question #2. For a thorough explanation, visit my blog post, “What is the Correct Definition of Tertiary Colors?”
10. If you want to draw attention to a bright blue shape in your painting, what is the most effective strategy or which color would you place next to it?
a. A light color
b. An intense yellow
c. A de-saturated orange
d. A middle gray-blue
This question is based on one of the color laws developed by Michel Chevruel in the early 1800’s. You probably know that color opposites vibrate when next to one another. We do not always want this vibration but we may want the blue to attract attention in our painting. Using its de-saturated color opposite does the trick. This is an effective painting approach to experiment with and we do so in my color class.
11. To create a sense of depth in a painting using color, which of these do you need to execute:
a. Warm or orange reds in the foreground, cool or blue reds in the background
b. Light and de-saturated colors in the background
c. Cool colors in the middle to distant background
d. Warm colors in the foreground
e. All of the above
Creating a sense of depth on a 2-D surface can be a challenge. There are several ways to achieve this using color as well as other design elements. More information on how to create depth in a painting is taught in my Craftsy course, “Acrylic Color Mixing Made Easy!” The principles apply for all media.
12. Why can’t you mix a vibrant purple using cadmium red with a blue?
a. Cadmium red is a blue-red
b. Cadmium red is a red that carries some yellow in it
c. It is not possible to mix a vibrant purple with any red and blue
d. Only purples that come in a tube are vibrant
If you are wanting to mix a vibrant purple it is critical that you not use a red that carries a yellow bias, such as cad red because yellow is the color opposite of purple. The resulting color is not vibrant. For more information on mixing purple, visit my blog, “Red and Blue Don’t Make Purple.”
How did you do? Let me know and feel free to send me any questions you may have in the comments below.
Would you like to end your frustration with color? I adore teaching color live and via my Craftsy online video course “Acrylic Color Mixing Made Easy!” Though I use acrylics in this course, oil and watercolor painters have benefited as well. Color theory crosses all media! Here are a few unsolicited testimonials from this online course.
- 30 years as an art teacher and I’ve never seen a better explanation of color theory as you’ve presented here!
- Best color class I ever took was with Carol A. McIntyre!
- Hi Carol, I’ve just discovered you. Your explanations of colour theory are easy to understand and so informative.
- Thank you very much for a fantastic learning experience! You’re a wonderful teacher.
- Thank you Carol for teaching me this. I have often been frustrated when mixing a color and it looks dull. Now all I have to do is remember which bias my paints are and then I should be able to deliberately mix a bright or dull colour. Thank you, thank you!
- Your class is wonderful and I’m loving it. I’ve never painted before in my life and it’s more fun than I ever expected!
You now know your color IQ, do you know a painter who would like to take this color quiz? Please share this post using the buttons below.


Native to Central America, bromelia has adapted well to our climate and our apartments. The colors of its beautiful flowers are bright and vibrant. It was Columbus who brought the first bromeliad to Europe, namely the pineapple, immediately afterwards other species of Bromelia, Guzmania, Vriesea and Aechmea arrived. Among the many varieties we can find Bromeliads that adapt to outdoor life, thanks to their resistance to low temperatures.
The single Bromeliad plant blooms only once, so once it has faded, it will not give us a new flower, but if we continue to treat it, it can give us new plants, and then new flowers. In fact, after flowering we will notice the appearance of new plants that emerge from the base. Just let them grow for a few weeks, or until they have reached half the height of the mother and then detach them, possibly with the roots, and put them in a jar with some earth. The ideal soil for Bromeliad is composed of sand and a mixture of pine leaves and needles. After about a year they will be ready to give us a new flower. But they will need a little help, put an apple in the middle of the plant and cover it with a plastic bag that will close, leave it for three weeks. In a few months you can admire the results of your work, a beautiful flower!
HOW TO TAKE CARE OF A
If you do not have a green thumb, Bromelia is the plant for you, in fact it is particularly resistant. It needs a lot of light, but you have to protect it from direct sun, the watering must be regular and preferably in the goblet of the plant. During the summer, so in the hot period, Bromelia should be bathed every day, while in winter, it will be enough to give it some water every 25/30 days. These few attentions will be enough for your Bromelia to be happy, it does not need to be fertilized.
Bromelia in nature uses its leaves to get nourishment and water, even in the apartment is not different, so if you want to cuddle on a hot day you just take a spray and spray the leaves, or put a container near the plant with water and let it evaporate, it will thank you by becoming even more beautiful.
The only negative is that Bromelia flowers only once, so if we still want to beautify our house with its beautiful flowers we will be forced to buy more, or arm ourselves with patience and continue to treat them.
The most frequent diseases of Bromelia are: the cochineal, the red spiders and can rot because of too much water.
The existing species of Bromelliaceae are many, and among the many stands out an aerial, grows quietly on the trunks of plants taking the nourishment and the water that needs absorbing them from the leaves and roots, and not from the plant to which it rests. This is a very particular plant, and since it does not need a pot with the earth, it can be placed quietly on a particular piece of wood or in glass containers with a bit of bark. A gift a little special for plant lovers who will make you look great.
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In the Bronx, the winter weather can get extremely cold and dangerous. Once the wind starts kicking in and bringing the temperatures down even further, construction workers can find themselves in a very dangerous situation. The cold weather presents challenges to both contractors and workers, but there are ways of getting construction work done without putting anyone at risk.
Another part of the frigid weather conversation deals with contractor obligations. How much protection from the cold does a contractor have to offer and does a worker have legal recourse if they are injured due to the cold weather? These can be difficult questions in an area that sees cold weather six months out of the year. However, it is important for workers to know how to protect themselves and the contractor obligation that comes with the temperatures changing.
The Effects Of The Cold On Construction Workers
The Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) has a wide variety of excellent resources construction workers and contractors can use to learn about protection from the cold. As with any health issue, it is important to understand the potential negative effects of frigid temperatures in order to gain a better appreciation as to why it is so important to be vigilant.
The Forgotten Effects
The cold weather is not just a health hazard to workers, but it can be a financial detriment to contractors as well. Cold weather causes workers to become disoriented and slows down productivity. The cold can also have a negative effect on equipment, which could also become a health risk as equipment unexpectedly malfunctions.
For instance, if there are workers who are already impaired by alcohol or drugs, then the cold weather can make that situation even worse. People who are incapacitated by substances already have slower than normal responses to stimulus, and the cold slows down response time even more. Dehydration is an issue with substance abuse, and dehydration also occurs when the cold and dry weather moves in. Contractors should be vigilant about keeping drugs and alcohol out of the workplace all year round, but especially when the weather gets colder.
When you hear the term “cold stress,” it is referring to the more common effects of cold weather. When a worker has been sweating all day and they suddenly get hit by an arctic blast of air, that can cause the worker to become disoriented. Cold stress is also a term used to refer to many of the other conditions you will read in this discussion.
Cold stress is created by the persistent exposure to cold weather without the proper protection, or without the kind of additional resources workers need to battle the weather. For example, having workers dress in layers and having warming areas with hot drinks for workers can be two excellent ways of combating cold stress.
While trench foot can occur in temperatures up to 60 degrees, it is most noticeable during the colder weather. When a worker’s feet are constantly exposed to cold and wet conditions, blisters and sores can start to develop. During the winter, contractors should encourage workers to bring a second pair of socks with them to change into at lunchtime. Keeping their feet warm and dry will help to prevent this painful issue.
One of the most common, and most devastating, conditions that occur in the winter is frostbite. This is a condition that occurs when the fluids in the body actually start to freeze, and that starts to kill off cells at skin level and deeper. In some cases, skin affected by frostbite will turn black as the cells in that area of the body start to die. With frostbite, the fluids in the cells also freeze and this prevents the cells from getting the nourishment they need to survive.
Frostbite is dangerous because if it is not taken care of it can become fatal. It is also possible for a worker to have extremities amputated that have developed extensive frostbite. Contractors need to remind workers that no one gets a medal for working too long in the cold winds and freezing temperatures. Workers need to cover up all exposed skin when they work in the winter, and they need to come in out of the cold on a regular basis.
At some point, a worker who is shivering is experiencing more than just cold temperatures. That shivering worker could be experiencing hypothermia, and they need to be moved to a warm place immediately. Hypothermia occurs when the body is losing heat faster than it can create it. During the winter, hypothermia can occur to anyone who is exposed to extremely low temperatures for long periods of time.
The most immediate signs of hypothermia are uncontrolled shivering, slurred speech, and a look of disorientation. If these symptoms are ignored, the cold weather could start to affect the worker’s brain. This is why it is important to get any worker with these symptoms to someplace warm as soon as possible.
The Contractor’s Obligation During Winter
OSHA does not have a list of standard rules it uses to determine if contractors are doing enough to keep workers safe during the winter. However, OSHA does make it mandatory for contractors to do everything within reason to make sure workers are safe and have the resources they need to stay healthy when they are on the job site.
The OSHA rules can sound a bit ambiguous, but there are things contractors can do to make sure that workers are safe during the cold winter months. The most important task contractors can accomplish is to train workers on how to avoid the cold stress conditions we mentioned and stay healthy throughout the winter. Contractors need to encourage workers to wear layers of clothing, and it would even be a good idea for contractors to give out long-sleeve t-shirts and other inexpensive pieces of clothing that workers can wear to stay warm.
The Importance Of Having Winter Weather Policies
Furthermore, contractors need to have policies in place that make it mandatory for workers to look out for each other during the cold weather. If a worker is experiencing what looks like symptoms of cold stress, then fellow workers need to report the problem to a supervisor immediately. Workers also need to be vigilant and keep an eye out for co-workers who may collapse due to the cold and do what they can to offer aide.
All contractors should have cold weather policies in place that involve not working due to strong winds, extreme cold, or snow. If workers are asked to come into work during blizzard conditions, then that puts workers at risk for injury and contractors at risk for lawsuits. Contractors should work with unions and labor groups to allow for Saturday to be a work day during the weeks where the weather forced work to be stopped. The more a contractor can do to keep working conditions safe during the winter, the less chance that contractor will have for OSHA fines and other legal issues.
The Bronx is known for its cold winter weather, and contractors working throughout New York City need to be ready when the winter hits. By having strong policies in place about working conditions and winter weather training, contractors can do their part to keep workers safe and healthy. By wearing layers and being aware of the dangers of working in the cold, workers can make sure that they are healthy when it comes time to work in the warm spring weather.


The Indian place-names on Long island and islands adjacent, with their probable significations (1911) by William Wallace Tooker
Pg 206: 331: QUARAPIN: a round swamp in Huntington. The name refers to “where Quarapin, an Indian, formerly planted”.
Pg 216-217 351: RUGUA : a swamp in the town of Babylon, near Copiag Neck. It is found in the Indian deed of the “Baiting Place” purchase, 1698, viz.: “So running eastward to ye head of Rugua Swamp” (H. R.). This is another instance where a swamp takes its name from the aboriginal dweller on its banks. That swamps were frequently chosen by the Indians for their dwelling places is proven frequently in the early records of the town; for instance, a deed of 1698 says: “a parcel of land within the bounds of Huntington by a swampe comonly called ye round swamp where Quarapin formerly planted” (H. R., vol. ii., p. 37). Nearly every swamp in the vicinity of Sag Harbor examined by the writer has a shell-heap on its northern slopes showing Indian sojourners in time past.
Note from Coni: I believe West Hills is the spot where Quarapin/Checkachoggin had his village and planted – perfect location! Located in Huntington, New York on Round Swamp Rd. Also in this area is Asharoken, New York whom is named after Asharoken – Raseokan whom I’m also a descendant of – He is GGGrandfather to Great James


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In Humphrey Carpenter’s biography of J. R. R. Tolkien, we learn that Tolkien was fond of the novels of John Buchan. Like Tolkien, Buchan had formative experiences in South Africa. Tolkien was born there, and Buchan briefly served there as private secretary to Lord Milner, High Commissioner for overseeing reconstruction after the Boer War. Buchan’s most famous character, Richard Hannay, was a mining engineer in South Africa before settling back in England and getting entangled in such adventures as recounted in The Thirty-nine Steps. One of Buchan’s novels, Prester John, deals almost exclusively with South Africa, and it bears re-reading alongside The Hobbit.
First published in 1910, Prester John is a fast-paced boy’s adventure story. As such, it shares elements with H. Rider Haggard’s King Solomon’s Mines (1886) and Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island (1883): After a frightening encounter with a mysterious stranger, a boy must leave his widowed mother and their home in the British Isles, and he ends up in South Africa on a trek into dangerous mountains in search of fabulous ancient jewels. The intrepid youth finds himself caught up in a savage battle over a rightful inheritance, and against all odds, he lives to return to the familiar routine of tea and scones, his thoughts often going back to his harrowing escapes.
In Buchan’s novel, the similarities are clear with stories about Allan Quatermain and Jim Hawkins, but equally clear are parallels found in Tolkien’s “there and back again” tale of Bilbo Baggins. A major difference is Buchan’s hero, David Crawfurd, being in his late teens when he has to leave Scotland for South Africa, whereas Tolkien’s most famous hobbit is fifty when he leaves the Shire for Wilderland.
Also, just as critics of Tolkien’s The Hobbit see it in the context of ancient myth, they see Buchan’s Prester John in the context of British imperialism. Mythic heroes leave home on a quest to recover invaluable treasure and return home victorious and transformed. For a Christian, the ultimate fulfillment of this primeval epic is Christ, journeying from His heavenly home with God the Father to Earth and into Hell, conquering death and ascending into Heaven and His seat at the right hand of God. In His divinity, Christ cannot change; in His fully human incarnation, He grew and matured. His victorious quest for lost sheep, for sinful humans, has transformed multitudes. Archetypes aside, modern critics read Buchan’s swashbuckling narrative as another overly masculine example of the sun never setting on a chance for British exploitation of native peoples.
Although Buchan set Prester John in the early twentieth century, he drew upon a medieval legend. According to that story, believed by medieval Christians in the very marrow of their bones, somewhere beyond the eastern limits of Christian civilization lived a valiant Christian king, some said also a priest, hence his name of Prester John. Since that legend’s origins in the twelfth century, Christians in Europe believed that they were obligated to go find and defend Prester John, harried as he was by Muslims. Buchan’s version makes Prester John a charismatic African warlord named Laputa posing as a Protestant minister, waiting his chance to rally his people and lead them back to their historical greatness. Into that geopolitical drama David Crawfurd stumbles.
How wide of the author’s mark a book can be read finds a supreme example in an ardent admirer of Buchan and his books, Wilfred Thesiger. Thesiger (1910-2003) was born to wealthy, well-connected British parents stationed in Abyssinia (modern Ethiopia), and as a boy he loved its dusty and rugged terrain and thrilled to its claim to having the Ark of the Covenant. When Thesiger was sent to Eton and Oxford, he regarded England, with its greenery and pavements, as an alien world. Prester John in particular he re-read as a reminder of the wild Africa he longed with aching homesickness to explore.
In his autobiography, The Life of My Choice (1987), Thesiger recalled his boyhood love of Prester John. Yet, for him it was not a portal for identifying with and joining vicariously in the cliff-hanging adventures of young David Crawfurd. “This story of Laputa,” Thesiger wrote, “the Zulu leader who died tragically and dramatically while attempting to free his people, made an indelible impression on me.”
At Oxford, where he studied history and distinguished himself in boxing, Thesiger mulled over a plan to return to Abyssinia. He joined the Oxford Exploration Club, whose president was John Buchan. Thesiger wrote to Buchan, who lived outside Oxford at an estate called Elsfield Manor, and Buchan had Thesiger to his house several times for tea and talk about Thesiger’s developing proposal for exploring hitherto uncharted regions of eastern Africa.
More than fifty years later, Thesiger vividly recollected Buchan, “his sensitive, ascetic face etched with lines of pain but lit by his innate kindness, his lean body in comfortable country tweeds.” Buchan ensconced in his Oxfordshire manor house with his books and his pipes evoked Tolkien’s own cozy home life in suburban Oxford, as well as that of Bilbo Baggins in his hobbit hole. Yet tea and tobacco, not to mention potatoes and port, were British staples because Britain held, in Rudyard Kipling’s phrase in his poem “Recessional” (1897), “Dominion over palm and pine.”
It was a pervasive British tension. While some people were content never to stray too far from the safety of hearth and home, others believed that Britain had a duty to peoples beyond the blighted cliffs. The former attitude was dubbed being a Little Englander, and the latter was seen as championing Greater Britain. In Empire (2003), Niall Ferguson noted, “The idea of Greater Britain is nowhere more appealingly expressed than in [John Buchan’s] novels.”
A recurring British yearning for exotic shores finds voice in Kipling’s poem, “Mandalay” (1892). There a young British soldier has come back to London from the Far East, and he laments the drab constraints of his new civilian life: “Ship me somewheres east of Suez, where the best is like the worst/Where there aren’t no Ten Commandments and a man can raise a thirst.” Both David Crawfurd and Bilbo Baggins were eager to get home, but in time word from the faraway lands where they had risked their lives broke their peace and quiet. Like Kipling’s young soldier, they heard again the call of distant bells and remembered distant dawns.
Daniel J. Heisey, O. S. B., is a Benedictine monk of Saint Vincent Archabbey, Latrobe, Pennsylvania, where he is known as Brother Bruno. He teaches Church History at Saint Vincent Seminary.


But I have always been impressed with how they stick to their standards while not trying to foist their ideology onto others. If you wish to govern the land, you must make certain that your rewards pass into the right hands; if you do not do so, then unruly men will seek gain. However, Shen still believed that the ruler's most able ministers are his greatest danger, and is convinced that it is impossible to make them loyal without techniques. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast. The hundred artisans make squares with the set square, circles with the compass, straight lines with the string, vertical lines with the plumb line, and flat surfaces with the level.
In this paper I will explore and provide my own insights on the shortcomings of both ideologies; how Legalism was more persuasive in getting people to accept their ideas and more effective as an ideology and how Confucianism lost out in both aspects. In Chinese Thought: An Introduction S. Moreover, to overawe the people, the text advocates inflicting heavy punishments for even petty offenses, as only then will the people be sufficiently scared as to behave properly. You were running the race so well. What can the ruler gain from their settled knowledge? I don't really want a debate over it, but I do want to understand exactly what people are calling legalistic. But I have always been impressed with how they stick to their standards while not trying to foist their ideology onto others. Confucius termed the name Jinzu to mean the ideal person.
You will grow in holiness and start wanting more of His Word. Likewise, all documents in the empire had to have recorded the year they were written, the scribe who copied them, and up to the exact hour of delivery. He ate coarse millet and a soup of greens wore deerskin in the winter days and rough fiber robes in summer. For truly, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the Law until all is accomplished. According to the Shi Ji, Li Si was responsible for the death of Han Fei. Legalism, to me, is following a man-made law to the detriment of people.
Humaneness may make one shed tears and be reluctant to apply penalties, but law makes it clear that such penalties must be applied. Smith 2003: 141; Goldin 2011: 89. What mattered to Li Si—as to Han Fei—was not doctrinal unity as such, but the imposition of the state control over intellectual life, as in all other spheres of social activity. Moreover, political duty takes over other duties. Therefore discard both pleasure and hatred and with an empty mind become an abode of the Dao.
This relationship is the basis for all other relationships. Within the borders, everyone among the people first devotes himself to tilling and warfare and only then obtains whatever pleases him. The Legalist Concept of Hsing-Ming: An Example of the Contribution of Archaeological Evidence to the Re-Interpretation of Transmitted Texts. The system of law runs the state, rather than the ruler himself. I don't really want a debate over it, but I do want to understand exactly what people are calling legalistic.
Still contrasted with renzhi or rule of persons , most Chinese wanted to see it implemented in China. Zheng was delighted to receive Han Feizi and probably planned to offer him a high government post. As such, his power is conceived not as the means of personal enjoyment but as the common interest of his subjects. Fa is not partial to the noble, does not exclude ministers, and does not discriminate against the common people. Social cohesion in the legalist state mandated that violators never escape punishment.
According to the eminent sinologist Robin Yates, newly discovered Qin Dynasty legal codes show that officials were required to correctly calculate the exact amount of labor expected of all artisans; if the artisan was ordered to perform either too much work or too little work, the official would be held accountable. I'm guessing the bride had a gazillion bridesmaids and maybe the groom was grasping at straws to wrangle up enough friends! Get away from me, all you evil people. Though he was associated with the school, the political and social upheavals around him caused Xun Zi to develop a pessimistic view of human nature. If the minister does not murder his ruler, it is because the cliques and cabals are not formed. Before unbelievers even stumble at the gospel they stumble at Christianity. Joe helps Fred move, but outspokenly refuses to handle the vintner's crates because they were made to contain alcoholic beverages. The outburst of interest in political issues was not accidental: it took place against the backdrop of a severe systemic crisis.
He didn't say that if a woman cuts her hair and wears make-up, she's out. Legalists justified such a radical transformation in the name of historical relativism. A Daoist Theory of Chinese Thought. The Limits of the Rule of Law in China. It is because you believe the message you heard about Christ.


The Trinity Snowman Flannel Board Story (For ages PreK-1st)
When you see a snowman
Three snowballs round,
He is reminding you
That in God Three in One are found.
The bottom reminds us of God the Father,
Our strong rock and foundation
The Creator of all living things,
People, tribes and nations.
The middle shows us God the Son
With His arms spread open wide.
Who died on the cross for each of us
Our sins Jesus' blood did hide.
The head reminds us of God the Holy Spirit
Who is our counselor and friend,
He speaks to our hearts and minds
Transforming us in the likeness of Him.
So when you see a snowman
In the midst of all the wintertime fun,
Listen carefully and he'll tell you,
"Remember God is Three in One".
Copyright 2002 Maureen Spell
* Added activities during class: Allow the children to
build their own snowman using construction paper and various other
decorations such as sequins and fabric. Copy and attach the poem to their
pictures. Or try a game of "Pin The Nose On The Snowman" or
make marshmallow snowmen for snacks.
CLICK HERE to email
your friends about the Trinity Snowman poem and these fun activities.
Invite them to visit SundaySchoolnetwork.Com!
Return to the Sermons


A study was conducted to clarify the environmental factors causing drink-driving in Japan. A hundred and seventy three drivers were asked to fill out a questionnaire about their experiences of drink-driving over the past two years. The questions included the driver's demographic characteristics, frequencies of drinking alcohol and drink-driving, and the attitude of surrounding people to the possibility of drink-driving. A chi-square test was used to clarify factors inducing drink-driving. The results show that drinking habits are associated with drink-driving, and that low recognition of the danger of drink-driving is a factor resulting in drink-driving. Education for drivers is essential to manage drinking habits and to raise recognition of the danger of drink-driving.
|ジャーナル||Review of Automotive Engineering|
|出版ステータス||Published - 2008 12月 1|
ASJC Scopus subject areas


Memory Palaces will help children to memorise our 100 health messages quickly and easily – even if they cannot read!
Clare Hanbury (director of Children for Health) met the Cambridge-based language expert, Aaron Ralby a few years ago. His approach to learning and memory is fascinating and has history that is thousands of years old. Aaron is also working with children who find learning numbers and letters more challenging than most.
Aaron is sure that using his methods, children around the ages of 9/10 years, who are either literate or non-literate, can learn our 100 messages in five hours. The methods involve using visual cures and stories. We wish to work with Aaron to test the methods and film the process. Clare has tested some of the methods in her workshops with teachers in Nigeria and they loved it!
To incorporate innovative new memory techniques into the Children for Health methodology for health education.
We are keen to test the use of ‘Memory Palaces’ to help children (including illiterate children) to learn and remember our 100 health messages. Working with Cambridge-based memory expert Aaron Ralby we will devise appropriate memory techniques that can be managed by teachers with large groups of children in resource-poor settings.


Insider Knowledge–Influenced Pedagogy
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This article summarizes an approach that enhances adult student engagement and success by consciously incorporating student experiences that relate to topics covered in class. A specific form of didactic exercise is used to incorporate student experience. This approach also provides an opportunity for exploration and discussion of less formal kinds of knowledge that may nevertheless be of value and significance to students and contribute to their engagement in learning. Some implications for the epistemology of learning are discussed.


Extremely frequent bee visits increase pollen deposition but reduce drupelet set in raspberry.
Production of many flowering crops often benefits from elevated pollinator diversity and abundance. Nevertheless, the opposite relationship may arise if bees impair fruit or seed production and/or quality by damaging flowers during visitation, despite transferring pollen. We assessed pollination and drupelet set (i.e. the number of drupelets per fruit) in 16 raspberry Rubus idaeus fields along a gradient of bee abundance in north-west Patagonia, Argentina. Using pollen supplementation, we also tested whether drupelet set was pollen limited in a subset of six fields. Managed Apis mellifera and the invasive bumblebee Bombus terrestris accounted for 50% and 45% of all bee visits, respectively, to raspberry flowers. Pollen loads on stigmas increased with visit frequency of all bees combined and particularly with visitation by A. mellifera, but not by B. terrestris. Drupelet set was not pollen limited along the gradient of bee abundance. Instead, drupelet set decreased with the proportion of damaged styles, which varied more strongly with the frequency of visits by B. terrestris than by A. mellifera. In fields with the highest bee frequency of visits (∼300 visits flower-1 day-1), ∼80% of styles were damaged in flowers and these developed into fruits with ∼30% fewer drupelets compared to flowers in fields with the lowest bee visitation rates (∼4 visits flower-1 day-1). Synthesis and applications. Extreme bee visitation, particularly by Bombus terrestris, damaged the styles of raspberry flowers, precluding ovule fertilization by deposited pollen and limiting crop production by reducing drupelet set. Only a few bee visits are required to maximize fruit production in raspberry plants, therefore, pollinator management in north-west Patagonia should focus principally on reducing the abundance of the invasive bumblebee B. terrestris and secondarily controlling the number of honeybee hives in nearby cultivated fields. Although mainstream pollinator management relies on the assumption that more visits enhance fruit set, high bee visitation rates can be detrimental for fruit development and, consequently, for crop yield.


Elementary School Aged Children Living With Anxiety: Raising Awareness, Developing Prevention Strategies, and Providing Intervention
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The purpose of this project is to examine childhood anxiety disorders. Children with anxiety disorders have an excessive amount of worry and fear that interferes with their ability to function. Anxiety has three reactionary components, the physiological symptoms, the behavioural symptoms, and negative distorted cognitions. Childhood anxiety disorders are serious mental health illnesses that require understanding, support and intervention. Childhood anxiety rates are continuing to rise, approximately one in seven elementary aged children are affected. It is significant for parents, educators and counsellors to be aware of the symptoms, the impact anxiety has and the ways that they can support. It is important that children living with anxiety have the opportunity to learn about anxiety and the uncontrollable feelings and reactions that occur. A thorough review of literature on the subject of childhood anxiety and various intervention strategies are presented. This paper offers multiple recommendations to better support children with anxiety at the elementary school level. It is suggested that parents find opportunities to educate themselves in the ways to best support their child. It is suggested that educators create opportunities for increased awareness and acceptance and provide opportunities for the child to be more comfortable and successful in the classroom environment. It is also suggested that counsellors and community agencies offer prevention and intervention programs, such as Taming Worry Dragons and FRIENDS For Life.


How does a ton of gold look like?
A record coin
In 2011, the mint workers of the city of Perth, Australia produced a unique one-million-dollar gold coin. The Australian mint originally came up with an idea of creating such a sophisticating banknote to promote the Kangaroo Gold Bullion coin series. The giant gold bar was named "1-Tonne Gold Kangaroo Coin ".
In the photo:coins of the Australian gold series “Kangaroo Gold Bullion”. In the center on the stand a thousand-kilogram coin is placed. There are coins weighing 1 troy ounce and 1 kilogram in the lower right corner.
A huge coin weighs 1012 kilograms and contains 99.99% of gold. It was cast in a special heat-resistant form, and then manually refined by craftsmen. Such a coin is the greatest achievement of the Perth Mint since it’s foundation in 1899.
In the photo: An additional texture layer gets handcrafted on the surface of the coin.
This coin is not only the heaviest one in the world, but also the biggest to date — 80 centimeters in diameter and 12 centimeters in its width. In addition, it has the status of the most valuable coin in the world. Its nominal value is one million Australian dollars, but the real value of 1012 kg of gold is estimated at $39 million dollars.
In the photo: Ed Harbuz, CEO of Perth Mint, presents the biggest coin in the world.
On the reverse, the artists depicted a red kangaroo, the biggest of Australia's marsupial animals, stylized in the rays of the rising sun. In the circle, designers inscribed "Australian Kangaroo One Tonne 9999 Gold 2012". On the obverse, the image of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II can be seen. The inscription is as follow: "Elizabeth II, Australia", "$1 million."
In the photo: The coin with the image of the most popular animal in Australia is estimated at one million dollars.
The giant coin is the legal means of payment in accordance with the Australian Monetary Act of 1965.
In the photo: The bas-relief of the Queen of Great Britain is placed on the front side of the coin. It is the work of artist Ian Rank-Broadley.
In 2012, the "Kangaroo One Tonne Gold" coin was awarded the official title of "The Biggest Coin in the World" and was listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
The monumental coin is on permanent display at the gold exhibition in the Perth Mint.
Stealing the coin will be rather difficult, given its huge weight and security measures. The "Kangaroo One Tonne Gold" coin is not for sale either.


Cold Comfort : PhrasesMeaning:
Slight consolation or encouragement in the face of a reverse.Origin:
This dates back to the 14th century. E. E. Allit. includes the line, "Lorde! colde watz his cumfort."
It was used in early literature by several authors, notable Chaucer and Shakespeare, who used it several times. For example:
The Taming of the Shrew
Am I but three inches? why, thy horn is a foot; and
so long am I at the least. But wilt thou make a
fire, or shall I complain on thee to our mistress,
whose hand, she being now at hand, thou shalt soon
feel, to thy cold comfort, for being slow in thy hot office?
Poison'd,--ill fare--dead, forsook, cast off:
And none of you will bid the winter come
To thrust his icy fingers in my maw,
Nor let my kingdom's rivers take their course
Through my burn'd bosom, nor entreat the north
To make his bleak winds kiss my parched lips
And comfort me with cold. I do not ask you much,
I beg cold comfort; and you are so strait
And so ingrateful, you deny me that.
Stella Gibbons adapted the term for her 1932 parody of the classic rural novels of Hardy and similar authors - Cold Comfort Farm.From Cold Comfort to HOME PAGE