What Is a Private IP Address?
As we navigate through an increasingly digital age, understanding the technical aspects of networking is becoming ever more crucial. One concept that is central to the functioning of networks is IP addressing, and specifically, understanding the difference between a public and private IP address.
An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique numerical identifier assigned to every device that connects to the internet. This is how devices communicate with one another across networks, allowing for data to be transferred between them. IP addresses can be either public or private.
A public IP address is assigned to a device by the network it’s connected to and is visible to all other devices on the internet. These addresses are typically used by servers, websites, and other public-facing devices that need to be reachable to anyone on the internet.
In contrast, a private IP address is assigned to a device by its local network so that it can communicate with other devices on the same network. Private IP addresses are not visible to devices on the internet and are used primarily for internal devices like computers, printers, and other devices that do not need to be visible to the public internet.
There are three ranges of private IP addresses set aside for local networks: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255, and 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255. These ranges were assigned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) specifically for use in private networks so that devices can communicate with each other without the need for a public IP address.
Private IP addresses are not unique to a particular device or network and can be reused within different local networks. However, private IP addresses cannot be used to communicate with external devices, as those devices will not be able to understand or route traffic sent from a private IP address.
In summary, a private IP address is an identifier assigned to devices within a local network, allowing them to communicate with each other. Private IP addresses are not visible to devices on the internet and are used primarily for internal devices that don’t need to be reachable by the public. Understanding the difference between public and private IP addresses is essential for those working in IT and networking, as these concepts are fundamental to the functioning of networks.


||Haas E. Bioluminescence from single bacterial cells exhibits no oscillation. Biophys J. 1980 Sep31(3):301-12 DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3495(80)85060-0 p.301 bottom paragraphPubMed ID6973368
|| Berzhanskaia LIu, Gitel'zon II, Fish AM, Chumakova RI, Shapiro VE. [Bioluminescence of bacteria-a rhythmic process].[Article in Russian] Biofizika. 1973 Mar-Apr18(2):285-92PubMed ID4701438
||P.301 bottom paragraph: "More recently, there have been reports of periodicity in light emission from bacteria (primary source, ref 7). In the former publication (primary source), light emission from several (5-10) cells was measured in a photon counter at a limiting resolution of 2 ms. By using time correlation, it was deduced that there was an oscillation with a fundamental frequency of 8 cycles/s, thus a peak about every 0.125 s."


The issue with creating different types of protocols for you IoT devices can be challenging with this being the rising era of the Internet Of Things. An issue has companies, schools and charities not putting any procedures in place are needed to avoid any cyber-security attacks.
The IoT is vastly growing technology advance in every sector that operates with technology. The security procedures cannot be taken for granted especially when regulating large quantities of data, also being compliant with rules and regulations that match with laws such as the data protection act. This is the reason that security protocols are needed to combat any suspicion and for the advanced protection of any cybersecurity attack.
An example would be a kitchen appliance manufacturer might develop an IoT device but lacks the security features to secure the device in the smart home network will increase a high probability the home network will be at risk. The IoT will always face security issues until security protocols put in place and simple one will to have a firewall hardware that will be beneficial within the home and serve as a protection for any malicious data. The ability to embed device within a security parameter.
The most common procedure that creates issues default usernames and passwords are changed during initial setup will have an incremental effect on protecting your network setup. The changes shouldn’t allow the use of weak passwords. Perhaps measures such as an account lockout after three to five failed login attempts should be considered.
Another incremental step is to ensure login codes are not in clear text within network traffic. Additionally, two-factor authentication may be needed for sensitive areas like administrator accounts.
Be mindful attackers use scanning for open ports with software that can exploit those ports. The device should be regularly updated and made sure when their issues with hardware such as spectre and meltdown get the necessary patches. The encryption should be a priority of IoT device and have Intel AES-NI processors are important.
Physical security of the IoT device is very important but many USB ports or storage means may be a way for attackers to gain access to data stored on the device and when ports are not used deactivate them.


Speech generation for machine dubbing adds complexity to conventional Text-To-Speech solutions as the generated output is required to match the expressiveness, emotion and speaking rate of the source content. Capturing and transferring details and variations in prosody is a challenge. We introduce phrase-level cross-lingual prosody transfer for expressive multi-lingual machine dubbing. The proposed phrase-level prosody transfer delivers a significant 6.2% MUSHRA score increase over a baseline with utterance-level global prosody transfer, thereby closing the gap between the baseline and expressive human dubbing by 23.2%, while preserving intelligibility of the synthesised speech.
Prosody transfer is well-studied in the context of expressive speech synthesis. Cross-lingual prosody transfer, however, is challenging and has been under-explored to date. In this paper, we present a novel solution to learn prosody representations that are transferable across languages and speakers for machine dubbing of expressive multimedia contents. Multimedia contents often contain field recordings. To enable prosody transfer from noisy audios, we introduce a novel noise modelling module that disentangles noise conditioning from prosody conditioning, and thereby gains independent control of noise levels in the synthesised speech. We augment noisy training data with clean data to improve the ability of the model to map the denoised reference audio to clean speech. Our proposed system can generate speech with context-matching prosody and closes the gap between a strong baseline and human expressive dialogs by 11.2%.
Variational Bayesian Inference is a popular methodology for approximating posterior distributions over Bayesian neural network weights. Recent work developing this class of methods has explored ever richer parameterizations of the approximate posterior in the hope of improving performance. In contrast, here we share a curious experimental finding that suggests instead restricting the variational distribution to a more compact parameterization. For a variety of deep Bayesian neural networks trained using Gaussian mean-field variational inference, we find that the posterior standard deviations consistently exhibit strong low-rank structure after convergence. This means that by decomposing these variational parameters into a low-rank factorization, we can make our variational approximation more compact without decreasing the models' performance. Furthermore, we find that such factorized parameterizations improve the signal-to-noise ratio of stochastic gradient estimates of the variational lower bound, resulting in faster convergence.
Ensembles of models have been empirically shown to improve predictive performance and to yield robust measures of uncertainty. However, they are expensive in computation and memory. Therefore, recent research has focused on distilling ensembles into a single compact model, reducing the computational and memory burden of the ensemble while trying to preserve its predictive behavior. Most existing distillation formulations summarize the ensemble by capturing its average predictions. As a result, the diversity of the ensemble predictions, stemming from each individual member, is lost. Thus, the distilled model cannot provide a measure of uncertainty comparable to that of the original ensemble. To retain more faithfully the diversity of the ensemble, we propose a distillation method based on a single multi-headed neural network, which we refer to as Hydra. The shared body network learns a joint feature representation that enables each head to capture the predictive behavior of each ensemble member. We demonstrate that with a slight increase in parameter count, Hydra improves distillation performance on classification and regression settings while capturing the uncertainty behaviour of the original ensemble over both in-domain and out-of-distribution tasks.


Home > News > Business incubator directors explain what works
May 26th, 2005
Business incubator directors explain what works
Getting innovative technology from university labs into the marketplace is a challenge across the globe. Many research institutions have improved their chances by turning to incubators. Small Times' Candace Stuart spoke with Peter Binks, chief executive of Nanotechnology Victoria Ltd. (Nanovic), Kees Eijkel, technical commercial director of the MESA+ Institute at the University of Twente, Tom Hockaday, executive director of Isis Innovation Ltd., and Joel Wiggins, director of the Austin Technology Incubator.
Nanotechnology Victoria Ltd.
MESA+ Institute at the University of Twente
Isis Innovation Ltd.
Austin Technology Incubator
Iranian Scientists Produce Transparent Nanocomposite Coatings with Longer Lifetime July 24th, 2014
A Crystal Wedding in the Nanocosmos July 23rd, 2014
Nano-sized Chip "Sniffs Out" Explosives Far Better than Trained Dogs: TAU researcher's groundbreaking sensor detects miniscule concentrations of hazardous materials in the air July 23rd, 2014
Penn Study: Understanding Graphene’s Electrical Properties on an Atomic Level July 22nd, 2014


Copeland MP Trudy Harrison talked about her vision for the nuclear industry during a two-day conference at Westlakes Science Park.
The 2019 Westlakes Public Value Convention, hosted by the University of Central Lancashire, focused on public value and achieving the greatest benefits for the community.
Speaking on the second day, Mrs Harrison, said: “The nuclear industry is the safest large-scale power industry in the world. My vision is to have large scale reactors and small modular reactors as well,” she said.
“It’s really important that we challenge the negative perception of the nuclear industry, tackle the mistruths, tackle the waste issue and also the costs.
“The reality is that we need to get the costs down of new nuclear and this is where nuclear innovation and small modular reactors come into their own.
“We need to de-carbonise our environment and I think that it’s important we do more with small modular reactors, we can be ahead of the curve on this, we have a game-changing opportunity here,” she told the conference.
Innovative work was presented by a range of experts including Dr Gianluigi Baldesi, of the European Space Agency; Professor Paul Howarth of the National Nuclear Laboratory, and Ivan Baldwin of Britain’s Energy Coast Business Cluster.


LEDGlow’s Orange Expandable SMD LED Interior Lighting Kit features 12.5 inch flexible tubes with 12 SMD LEDs per tube and 18 distinct patterns, easily controlled with the included wireless remote.
LEDGlow’s Orange SMD LED Expandable Interior Lighting Kit features ultra-bright, surface mounted Orange LEDs that will give your vehicle’s interior a vibrant, energetic look that separates your car from the rest! SMD technology produces a more potent illumination by utilizing high powered SMD LEDs, allowing for a more concealable tube and an effortless operation. This single color SMD interior lighting kit includes 12.5 inch flexible tubes that are easily powered by mini USB connections, allowing you to daisy chain each LED lighting tube to the next. Each tube features (12) 3528 SMD chips, and this expandable interior light kit can power a total of 180 SMD LEDs or (15) 12.5 inch tubes, giving you endless options when illuminating your vehicle’s interior. This cutting-edge single color car interior lighting kit includes an easy to hide control box featuring 18 preset color cycle lighting modes which include flashing, fading, strobing, and scanning. All of the included lighting modes and functions can be easily selected by using either the 4 button wireless remote or the 4 buttons located on the control box. Also featured with this SMD expandable interior light kit is a sound activation mode which allows 4 unique, pre-programmed patterns to respond to the music playing inside of your car! For maximum mounting capabilities, this expandable interior lighting kit includes 2 different power wire lengths, along with 3M tape and screws that allow you to easily mount each tube to your desired location. LEDGlow’s SMD LED Single Color Expandable Interior Lighting Kits include a one year limited warranty and free lifetime technical support.
Orange LED Interior Lighting Kit Includes:
- Ultra Bright Surface Mounted Orange LEDs
- 12.5 Inch Flexible Tubes
- Mini USB Connections for Easy Installation
- Small, Easily Hidden Control Box
- 4 Button Wireless Remote
- 18 Unique Lighting Modes Include: Strobing, Scanning, Fading, and Flashing
- 4 Sound Activated Modes
- 5 Brightness Levels
- 9.5 Feet and 5 Feet Power Wire Lengths
- Expandable to Include 180 SMD LEDs or (15) 12.5 Inch Tubes
- Mounting Hardware and Installation Instructions
- Free Lifetime Technical Support
- One Year Limited Warranty


Well...I found a way, using file manager:
Enable "full access"
Enable "hidden files"
then go to:
The file are inside that folder
Not lost in the sapce, but well hidden in the space
Hey Man... many thanks I had good luck
I tried the installers from this page:
I tried the windows exe on a windows 10 machine but it did not detect the fastboot, so it kept waiting
I tested the deb file:
On a 16 LTS machine... the developer mode worked well , but then got frozen on fastboot
On a 14.04 installation, I never got the accept message on the phone (developer mode)....however I placed the phone on fast boot manually and then all worked nicely
So now the UBport is up and running on the phone


LED Makeup Mirror
The Wireless Charging LED Makeup Mirror is the perfect gift for anyone ; whether you are a serious makeup artist or just looking to add a little elegance into your daily routine. This portable LED lighted vanity makeup mirror is also equipped as a wireless charger for your mobile devices!
Every lady needs to have a good, reliable makeup mirror, and everyone also needs to have a quick and reliable charging port for their smartphones. The Wireless Charging Portable LED Makeup Mirror combines both functions in one!
This stylish compact mirror comes with a wireless charging function that is an integrated wireless charging system that can charge iPhones, iPads, Androids, and any other QI compatible device. These advanced mirrors contain AIRE technology that can also charge your phone with QI supported wireless charging.
This mirror also has three different light settings: Cool, warm, and natural. Each light color can be switched with a quick double-click action.
- Type: LED Makeup mirror
- Color: Red/Pink
- Material: ABS
- Battery capacity: 500mah lithium battery
- Output Power: 5W (5V/1A)
- Working time: 3-10 hours (Depending on the brightness)
- Charging time: about 2.5hours
- Number of lamp beads: 18 high color rendering index custom lamp beads.
- Net weight: 80g
- Gross weight: 112g
- Product size: 106*12mm
- 100% brand new and high quality.
- Exquisite workmanship, durability.
- Light adjustment: multi-level dimming.
- Night light mode gives you a sense of security.
- Soft light technology, not glare, make your makeup look better
- Multiple Use: It can be used as an simple makeup mirror to better meet the user's needs during the charging process, such as watching movies, facetime and so on.
- Standard QI wireless charging protocol,support all QI supported device charge.
- 1x LED makeup mirror
- 1x USB power cable


SolidWorks is only one of many companies looking to incorporate eye tracking into future updates to the user interface. The art of designing great computer controls will depend in part on combining eye-tracking with older input technologies such as keyboards, mice, touch screens, and 3D navigation devices. Read more on the developments in eye-tracking HERE.
From the SIGGRAPH Pioneers: Chasing Pixels: The Pioneering Graphics Processors. The panel was presented live on April 13, 2022. It is introduced by Chair Ed Kramer and moderated by former Chair Jon Peddie (jonpeddie.com), and is part of our ongoing series of panels about significant early developments in computer graphics and interactive techniques.
Jon Peddie Research Announces its Latest Whitepaper for Sony Electronics Inc.: The Rise and Benefits of Companion Robots


Professor Trenary’s research interests span the traditional areas of physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, and the chemistry of inorganic materials. The structure and chemistry of solid surfaces is a theme that unites all of the different projects. Specific areas of study are related to important technological fields such as heterogeneous catalysis, semiconductor processing, growth of thin film materials, nanotechnology, and development of alternative energy sources. A broad array of sophisticated instrumentation for surface science studies under ultrahigh vacuum conditions are available in his laboratories.
Research currently funded by:


There is a lot of interest in the industry about the power handling capability of different cables to power up devices that can consume up to 60 Watts or more of power. Some applications, for example HDBASET are looking at the capability of delivering up to 100 Watts of power for audio/video devices such as HDTV monitors. But there is a concern regarding the heating effect resulting from the current that is flowing in the cables to power up these devices.
The official position in the industry is the IEEE 802.3at Power over Ethernet Standard that specifies a Power handling capability for Type 2 operation of 25.5 Watts over 2 pairs of Category 5e cabling and potentially up to 60 Watts when powering over 4 pairs using Category 6 and Category 6A cables. TIA has also published a Telecommunications Systems Bulletin (TSB-184) that supplements the information contained in the IEEE 802.3at Standard regarding cable bundling, temperature rise and current capacity.
In order to answer this question a controlled experiment was performed to evaluate the temperature rise in a cable bundle when delivering different amounts of DC power to the powered device over Category 5e, Category 6 and Category 6A cables.The results of the heating study show that the maximum power delivery when all pairs are energized is between 50 to 80 Watts for a 100 cable bundle depending on the cable design


Nissan recently launched a new Sentra that will come equipped with the brand’s ProPILOT autonomous drive technology. Set to go on sale in late August in Japan, this technology offers convenient and safe autopilot technology behind the wheel.
According to Nissan, this technology is designed for single-lane traffic on the highway. Combining sensors with steering, acceleration, and braking control, drivers will be able to switch on a full automatic mode, easing the driver workload in heavy traffic and on longer commutes. The driver can easily activate and deactivate the system, which is designed to essentially drive itself.
“Nissan will advance its leadership in autonomous drive technology by introduction in each market’s core models, further improving safety and pioneering a new era for the automobile,” said the automaker in a release.
This breakthrough technology is something that other brands have been working on for years. Nissan has finally perfected autonomous driving, making it easier than ever to travel. Although there is no word yet when the system will hit the US, it looks like it could soon be on its way. The goal for Nissan is to reach a zero-emissions and zero-fatalities reality, making mobility cleaner and safer than ever. ProPILOT is just the first step. We can’t wait to see what else Nissan engineers have up their sleeves.


- Jun 3 10:46 AMThis message is sent from the InfoAge main building, via a router,
connected to Bryan's wifi-to-ethernet gadget, connected at 47% status
wirelessly to Steve's router and cable modem across the street.
So now we just have to run a wire to the event room and we're all set
(in theory) for Chuck Peddle's videocon next week.
- << Previous post in topic Next post in topic >>


Visualizing virtual brain lesions: Simultaneously combining fMRI and TMS
Baudewig J, Bestmann S, Linden D, Dechent P, Goebel R, Sack A, Kohler A
MR-Research in Neurology and Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, Georg-August-University
Applying transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can temporary and specifically impair behavioural performance. This non-invasive virtual lesion technique thus allows investigating the causal relationship between stimulated brain regions and a specific behavioural or cognitive function. Here we simultaneously combine fMRI and TMS during the execution of behaviourally controlled visuospatial tasks in order to visualize the physiological consequences of a virtual brain lesion as measured by TMS-induced changes of BOLD responses. We found a task-specific behavioural impairment of the TMS that was mirrored by task-specific fMRI signal reductions at the site of stimulation as well as within connected brain structures.


Application of Variational Techniques to Time-Dependent Perturbation-Theory
Linear-response functions and second-order transition amplitudes can be calculated exactly provided one effective state, the solution of an inhomogeneous Schrodinger equation, is known. We show how variational principles can be applied to the calculation of this effective state; an important advantage is the possibility of using variational techniques, which are very efficient when large basis sets (such as plane waves) are used, or when the solution is required as a function of a free parameter (for instance, the frequency in dynamical response functions). The variational principle applies to solid-state as well as to atomic problems. We illustrate the use of one variational technique in the simple case of two-photon transitions in the hydrogen atom.


Dymax, a manufacturer of rapid and light-curing materials and equipment, will be exhibiting at the IPC APEX EXPO 2024 in Anaheim, CA, held from 9-11 April, 2024.
Dymax’s booth will feature high-tech products for advanced circuit protection, board-level electronics assembly, and battery module applications.
Conformal coatings, adhesives, encapsulants, maskants, potting materials, gasket/sealing materials and dispensing and light-cure systems will be highlighted in booth 3100.
Visitors to the booth will see an EV battery shell model and the component areas where Dymax products are used. Design engineers will be particularly interested in light-curing demonstrations of 7501-T-UR-SC protective coating for plastic and metal and 9-7001 fluorescing maskant.
Printed circuit boards with 9483 and 9771 conformal coatings applied to them and multipurpose PCBs showing encapsulants, potting, and masking materials will be available for viewing and discussion. The BlueWave® AX-550 LED light-curing system, which offers high-intensity flood curing in a large 5” x 5” area and an all-in-one design, will also be on display.


It’s one small step for a US rocket company, but one giant leap for a specialist Irish firm.
The National Space Centre, based in East Cork, is celebrating, after becoming the first to use Irish-based infrastructure to remotely track and monitor the deployment of satellites in orbit. It did so last weekend.
And after boldly going where no Irish firm has gone before, it is now well-positioned to exploit future opportunities in the growing commercial space sector.
US space launch provider, Rocket Lab, chose Elfordstown to provide critical support for the second test flight of its Electron orbital launch vehicle, ‘Still Testing’.
The rocket lifted-off from a launch complex on the Mahia Peninsula, in New Zealand, early on Sunday morning, with three customer satellites on-board: a weather, a nautical, and an earth imaging satellite.
The rocket reached orbit and deployed its payload eight minutes and 31 seconds later.
The team at Elfordstown used their ground station and teleport facilities to track and monitor the deployment.
National Space Centre CEO, Rory Fitzpatrick, said it was the first time a satellite orbital insertion had been monitored from Irish-based infrastructure, and that they were delighted to be part of the mission.
Irish first as Elfordstown tracks & monitors Rocket Lab satellite deployment https://t.co/7Y2vHwtYsO— NationalSpaceCentre (@Elfordstown) January 22, 2018
“Securing the Rocket Lab ground-segment contract has been another major step in developing our carrier-grade teleport at Elfordstown Earthstation,” he said.
The Electron rocket is now poised to be the first commercially bookable rocket built specifically for small payloads.
The launch of small satellites, which weigh less than 100kg, is a huge growth area, with an estimated 3,500 expected to be launched in the next decade. Rocket Lab has already signed up clients like NASA and Spaceflight for its commercial phase.
© Irish Examiner Ltd. All rights reserved


Ubuntu on Cisco UCS B200 M2
If there is an issue with the information for this system, please let us know.
The Cisco UCS B200 M2 server with the components described below has been awarded the status of certified for Ubuntu.
Ubuntu 10.04.4 64-bit
Available from ubuntu.com
This system was tested with 10.04 LTS, running the 2.6.32-33.70 kernel.
- Cisco VIC Ethernet
- As of 10.04.3, the driver module 'enic' is not part of the installer kernel. Because of this, you will be unable to configure network devices during install and the installer may complain of no network devices found. You can complete installation manually and configure network devices after installation. At that point, the enic driver loads successfully at boot and networking functions as expected. This will most likely, however, have impact on attempts to preform network installations.
- Cisco Systems: S5500.2.0.1a.0.081120111606 (Legacy)
This system was tested with these key components:
No results found.


Lenovo K4 Note Debuts With TheatreMax VR TechJanuary 7, 2016
Yes, Lenovo’s has got a new phone in the new year but, the even bigger news is Lenovo is stepping into the world of VR technology its own Lenovo Virtual Reality also dubbed as TheatreMax. The Lenovo K4 Note is the first smartphone to use this VR tech.
Lenovo is emphasizing on the cinematic experience this new phone and VR tech will give to the users. The K4 Note even has front firing stereo speakers with Dolby Atmos to keep its entertainment quotient high. The Lenovo K4 Note has a pretty strong specsheet that keep up with its competitors. It is powered by the MediaTek MT6753 octa-core processor and 3GB RAM. The 5.5 inch display has FullHD resolution. Lenovo has also thrown in NFC and Fingerprint sensor. It’s also dual SIM with 4G LTE as standard. Lenovo K4 Note also has a 13MP rear camera with dual tone flash and 5MP front camera. It’s got a hefty 3,300 mAh battery as well.
The Lenovo K4 Note is probably the first of its kind in the segment to sport a technology like this. To take the full benefit of it, all you need to do is wear a pair of Lenovo’s VR glasses. These VR glasses won’t even cost you a bomb as Lenovo will be selling K4 Note bundled with these glasses for Rs.12,499 (~$187) and without glasses for Rs.11,998 (~$180). Shelling few extra bucks looks worth it. However if you decide to buy these glasses separately, it’ll pinch your pocket a little at Rs.1,299 (~$19).
India is the first market to get the K4 Note. It will be sold in flash sale style on Amazon India with first flash sale happening on Jan 19. There’s no word on the availability in other markets.


The heatsink is properly applied, I already reintalled the processor, but the processor cooler feels loose, I will reinstall that one and see what happens, any other idea? thanks!
EDIT: One of the pins on the processor cooler was not entirely installed, so now it's not giving me the thermal warning, however, I turned it on, and I hear a constant beep, but no video, all the fans, leds are working, I just got it to work today a few hours ago with no thermal or video issues, but why did I have the video problem? any idea? thanks!


RTX51 TINY: Using SFR Pages with SiLabs
Information in this article applies to:
Some SiLABS C8051Fxxx versions implement a paged SFR scheme that expands the number of available SFR addresses. This paging scheme affects the SFR locations used for the RTX51 Tiny system timer.
What changes should I make using RTX51 Tiny together with a SiLABS part that is using SFR paging? Are there any restrictions?
RTX51 Tiny uses the standard 8051 Timer 0 (mode 1) to generate a periodic interrupt. This timer interrupt performs task switching. To use RTX51 Tiny on a SiLABS device with SFR paging, make the following modifications to the configuration file CONF_TNY.A51:
These changes impose the following restrictions when you are using SFR paging on a SiLABS device:
Last Reviewed: Thursday, February 25, 2021
of your data.


Google buys Softcard's mobile-wallet technology for smartphones
The Columbus Dispatch
MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif. — Google has acquired technology and patents from Softcard, a mobile-wallet service backed by the three-biggest U.S. wireless providers.
AT&T, Verizon Communications and T-Mobile US will work with Google to pre-install the Google Wallet application on newer Android phones, Google said in a blog post yesterday.
As part of the deal, Google is acquiring assets from Softcard to improve its payments service.


Also Allows External MacBook Batteries To Be Recharged With MacBook Power Adapter
PRE-MACWORLD 2011 SAN FRANCISCO, California – January 24, 2011, Sanho Corporation (Booth 710), makers of HyperJuice/HyperMac External Batteries for Apple MacBooks today announce Magic Box – two small adapter boxes that allow MacBook users to easily make their own HyperJuice compatible MagSafe charging cables from their existing MagSafe Power Adapters. With these modified cables, MacBooks can be powered and recharged with external batteries from HyperJuice. The Magic Box also allows the HyperJuice external batteries to be recharged by the same MagSafe Power Adapters, eliminating the need for a separate HyperJuice charger.
Magic Box improves upon the earlier 10 Minute MagSafe DIY Modification Process first demonstrated at CES 2011. In addition to the modification time being brought down from 10 minutes to just 2 minutes, a new functionality is added – the ability to recharge the HyperJuice External MacBook Batteries with the newly modified MagSafe Power Adapters.
Approximately the size of the Apple iPad 10W USB Power Adapter, the Magic Box slides open to reveal 2 spring locked terminals which fix onto the cord of the MagSafe Power Adapter. Designed to be extremely user friendly and accessible to users of all technical backgrounds, detailed photo and video instructions will show users how to split the power cord into 2 separate (positive and negative) wires and connect to the Magic Box in under 2 minutes, 1 minute for each of the two Magic Boxes. No special skills, tools, soldering or complex wiring required. The shorter Magic Box connects to the MagSafe connector end of the cord while the longer Magic Box with built-in charging circuitry connects to the power adapter end. Users can continue to use their MagSafe Power Adapter as normal; or disconnect the MagSafe cable from the MagSafe Power Adapter and use it with the HyperJuice External Battery or Car Charger to power and recharge their MacBooks; or use just the modified MagSafe Power Adapter to recharge the HyperJuice.
Apple MacBooks today feature integrated, non-user replaceable batteries. Proprietary charging connectors meant that MacBooks can only be officially powered from the electric outlet with the MagSafe Power Adapter or MagSafe Airline Adapter. HyperJuice remains the only viable external battery solution to extend the MacBook’s mobile computing time beyond the power grid.
HyperJuice External MacBook Batteries are compatible with all MacBook, MacBook Pro and MacBook Air models. Available in 4 different capacities of 60Wh, 100Wh, 150Wh and 222Wh (compared to 11″ MacBook Air battery which is only 35Wh). HyperJuice is capable of powering the MacBook for up to 45 hours – allowing for long haul flights, extended outdoor shoots, expeditions to remote locations or any situation where electricity is simply not an option. When on the road, there is also the HyperJuice Car Charger which powers the MacBook directly from the automobile cigarette slot.
Users can check the HyperJuice battery level anytime with the built-in 4 level LED battery indicator. HyperJuice battery also comes with a 10W high power USB power port to charge any USB device including the iPad and iPhone separately or simultaneously with the MacBook.
HyperJuice batteries uses the same high-end lithium ion cells that are supplied to the U.S. Military. It is rechargeable up to 1,000 times and comes with a 1 year warranty. With a great attention to detail, HyperJuice batteries’ silver color aluminum housing are color matched to the MacBook. Clean lines, laser engraved logo and all-white accessories complete the Apple look.
The HyperJuice External MacBook Batteries currently retails at www.hyperjuice.com for $169.95 (60-watt-hour battery), $249.95 (100Wh), $349.95 (150Wh) and $449.95 (222Wh).
A working prototype of the HyperJuice Magic Box will be on display at HyperJuice’s Macworld 2011 booth and will be made available in March 2011. Customers can pre-order the HyperJuice Magic Box now at www.hyperjuice.com for $49.95. As part of the pre-order promotion, the HyperJuice Car Charger which allows the MacBook to be recharged in the car will be given free with every purchase of the HyperJuice Magic Box.


Wireless signals are susceptible to naturally occurring periodic and random phenomena such as background noise, EMI, RFI, CME, and EMP to name a few. Some wireless technologies, such as AM, are susceptible to impulse noise like distant lighting strikes; and others, such as FM, can be sensitive to certain in-band noise from fluorescent lights. As designers, we try and anticipate the situations and circumstances our designs will be subject to and provide fixes, work-arounds, or other types of solutions to solve these problems.
However, there is another type of situation that wireless links are particularly vulnerable to and that is deliberate jamming. Here, someone deliberately sets out to block a link’s communications ability by targeting an attack that is particularly effective against the specific link or family of links. Jamming can be attempted for mischievous purposes, for motives such as profit, or for military advantage in times of war.
Kids with little boxes or kits can make and use jammers to annoy parents, schools, and commit similar forms of mayhem. Corporations can use jammers to interfere with a competitor’s operations, slow down or crash a company’s network, or prevent vital data from making it to its destination. Financial institutions can jam communications to provide even a millisecond’s advantage in completing a transaction that can be leveraged for gain. Military jamming can make drones crash, interfere with tactical communications, and even jam or change GPS signals to confuse the enemy.
This article looks at jamming techniques and technologies as well as anti-jamming measures and devices that allow wireless communications to continue even while under targeted attack. All parts, tutorials, reference designs, and development kits mentioned can be found online at Digi-Key’s website.
Hooray for Hollywood
The first use of electronic counter-measure jamming traces back to WWII. Radar-controlled artillery were taking down a lot of Allied planes. These systems employed radar signals to lock and track aerial targets and direct anti-aircraft fire. When a critical allied operation was to take place, RF jammers were placed by resistance operatives in close proximity to these weapons. Newsreel film footage shows howitzers spinning wildly and firing randomly because of the jammers. The designers of the cannons were too arrogant to take the possibility of jamming into account so they never incorporated a “manual-override” switch.
Eliminating jamming is not a new problem. Actress Hedy Lamar and composer George Antheil developed spread-spectrum frequency-hopping technology during WWII specifically to stop torpedoes from being jammed via broadcasting of radio frequencies that interfered with their operation and would cause the torpedoes to go off course.
They used a piano-roll principle from a player piano to “unpredictably” change the base frequency between the base station and the torpedo. When started together in sync, the control center’s short burst of seemingly random control frequencies made it virtually impossible to jam. It is interesting to note (no pun intended) that initially 88 frequencies were used corresponding to the white and black keys of a piano.
Approaches to jamming
There are several ways jammers can interfere with normal operations of a system. If remote access to the control center can be achieved, steering a dish, for example, to a null point can effectively silence a link. This problem is becoming increasingly important as more of our critical infrastructure is placed online and transmitted to the cloud, providing vulnerability for those who seek to cut power, redirect a link, or even shut it down.
Local jamming is a more direct approach, since targets may be in motion. Here, higher power levels than the initial signals when delivered at specific bands can overwhelm a receiver and block communications. Spark gaps emit noise, presenting energy in every band and at every frequency. However, noise in a narrower band of frequencies can also wreak havoc. As an example, mischievous people have designed, built, demonstrated, and even made available simple jammers to ruin everyone else’s day. For example, kits, and plans for pocket-sized RF jammers and noise generators (Figure1) found online can generate noise in the 0 to 128 MHz range specifically to interfere with radio-controlled objects such as planes, boats, cars, and robots1. These kits are marketed as educational products because intentional jamming of RF signals is illegal2.
Figure 1: Public domain and “educational” kits and devices are readily available to jam and interfere with common bands and services. It is becoming increasingly important to incorporate anti-jamming technology inside single-chip radios.
In addition to power- and frequency-based jamming, smart jammers are also a problem. Here, techniques are designed to mess with wireless protocol operations instead of overwhelming the receiver with noise. For example, with Ethernet and IP protocols centered around 802.11, you can disobey inter-frame spacing rules and spoof RTS/CTS messages to make the channel look continuously busy. If you can gain access to a layer-3 router wirelessly, you can even redirect traffic, intercept it, corrupt it, and then send it on its way.
This is becoming an increasingly more effective technique. It can be stealthy since it uses less energy and is less obvious to the victim. With forward-looking military and defense systems increasingly counting on RF links, encryption, and frequency-hopping alone may not be good enough.
Even if data is not extracted or changed, a jamming signal hitting interference bands could cause the transmitter to stay on a lot longer than it normally would. The accumulating effect would be to drain batteries much faster than anticipated so as to bring down a remote or buried link.
For these reasons the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is looking for innovative jam-resistant solutions and is soliciting requests under its Hyper-wideband Enabled RF Messaging (HERMES) program3. The entire federal government, including law enforcement, military, communications, and control has rights to only 1.4 percent of the total spectrum. This can make military spectrum management difficult, especially with an increasing threat of signal fratricide or interference. This dovetails into the 2010 Presidential order to make another 500 MHz of spectrum available for commercial use by the year 2020, and to use the spectrum more efficiently and make it more interference resistant.
Among the security tools designers have in their bag of tricks are wider bands, narrower bandwidths, and dynamic reconfiguration. Other proprietary techniques will also be employed because, as you might imagine, this technology is like Colonel Sanders’ recipe: very closely guarded.
The DARPA proposals are looking for greater than 10 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth while operating below 20 GHz. Hardware and DSP techniques will be needed to employ coding gain and the use of spectral filtering to dynamically shift a signal as well as compensate for atmospheric absorption. The overall goal is to achieve more than 70 dB of jammer suppression. Parts like the Analog Devices ADSP-BF609BBCZ-5 Blackfin Dual-Core processor may be a good choice since each 500 MHz core contains MACs, ALUs, and barrel shifters for implementing proprietary DSP-based encryption and hopping algorithms.
Texas Instruments also has a mixed, dual-core solution, the TMS320C6727BZDH350 that combines a DSP and ARM for generating re-seeded encryption keys on the fly using complex algebraic and differential hopping algorithms.
Another technique is to use a great many narrow-band signals with short data bursts that do not let a jammer detect or countermand the transmission. For example, a 1 Kbit/sec transmission centered between 2,414,012 MHz and 2,414,013 MHz would easily allow a jammer to find and overpower that transmission by centering its power at that frequency. But if your design uses 100-bit bursts of data each at one of 5,000 different 2 KHz-wide frequency bands within the 2,410 Mhz to 2,420 MHz range, a jammer would need to use 500 times more power and would only be 10 percent effective at annoying the receiver with a few hits here and there. Encoded forward-error correction can reduce or eliminate the need for re-transmission as well.
The more bands and the faster the hop rates (and even variable hop rates), can make it increasingly more difficult to jam once the transmitter and receiver are in sync.
Encryption will also play a role here. Anything that can be done to slow down a smart jammer or prevent data interception is a good thing. Again, hardware-based real-time encryption and decryption techniques perform better than software encryption alone.
Development kits like the Digi-International XEB-AW140-DK for the Xpress crypto module could be a good place to start (Figure 2). It not only allows fast development of NIST certifications, it can be a PCI slave peripheral to an embedded micro for rapid testing of wired or wireless links. Performance is tunable for low latency or throughput and two separate password-protected user modes—Crypto Officer and User—ensure that secure day-to-day operations can be tested.
Figure 2: Dedicated encryption modules and development systems can help designers develop proprietary encryption or hopping algorithms to make it harder to find and jam wireless communications.
Real-world applications may dictate the use of ASIC- or FPGA-based keys and algorithms for secure and proprietary hopping and spectral use. In this article we have looked at jamming techniques and technologies as well as anti-jamming approaches that allow communications to continue even while under targeted attack. However, no matter which anti-jamming techniques are utilized, designers in this field know at the outset that this is a cat-and-mouse game and the mice sometimes win.
For more information on the parts mentioned in this article, use the links provided to access product information pages on the Digi-Key website.
- Instructables: “How to Build an RF Jammer”
- FCC Hearing and Ruling
- Defense Systems article “DARPA wants more efficient, jam-resistant RF communications”


Sprint-Nextel (NYSE:S) may open a center in the San Francisco area to foster the development of the machine-to-machine ecosystem. Danny Bowman, president of Sprint's integrated solutions group, told the Wall Street Journal that the company wants to tap local tech talent and believes that as a wholesale provider of Clearwire's (NASDAQ:CLWR) mobile WiMAX network, it has an edge in attracting M2M customers.
Sprint was an early leader in embedded devices--it provided the wireless connectivity for the first generation Amazon Kindle ereader. Amazon later switched the Kindle to AT&T Mobility's (NYSE:T) network so it could offer international roaming to Kindle buyers.
But Sprint lost some of its early lead, primarily because of big pushes in this area by competitors such as AT&T and Verizon Wireless (NYSE:VZ). AT&T recently reported that it had 5.8 million connected devices on its network and added 1.1 million in the first quarter. Verizon said that it has 7.3 million connected devices on its network.
Sprint hasn't disclosed specific connected device numbers, but Bowman estimated that the company has "a couple million" devices on its network. A few of those customers include the Alzheimer's Association, which along with partner Omnilink, uses remote monitoring to keep track of Alzheimer's patients and give them more independence. Sprint also works with Amtrak to use digital signage to provide passengers with breaking news and weather updates.
In a separate interview with Reuters, Bowman said that Sprint is also looking to embed wireless in consumer-facing devices, including tablets, gaming devices, ereaders and picture frames. The carrier will have a "handful of devices" for the holiday shopping season.
"Sprint will have a great portfolio in the second half the year," he said.
M2M: A blast from the past gets renewed attention
The M2M Opportunity --- a FierceWireless ebook
Ericsson CEO looks to capitalize on M2M


Quality control of propolis is challenging, as it is a complex natural mixture of compounds, and thus, very difficult to analyze and standardize. Shown on the example of 30 French propolis samples, a strategy for an improved quality control was demonstrated in which high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprints were evaluated in combination with selected mass signals obtained by desorption-based scanning mass spectrometry (MS). The French propolis sample extracts were separated by a newly developed reversed phase (RP)-HPTLC method. The fingerprints obtained by two different detection modes, i.e. after (1) derivatization and fluorescence detection (FLD) at UV 366nm and (2) scanning direct analysis in real time (DART)-MS, were analyzed by multivariate data analysis. Thus, RP-HPTLC-FLD and RP-HPTLC-DART-MS fingerprints were explored and the best classification was obtained using both methods in combination with pattern recognition techniques, such as principal component analysis. All investigated French propolis samples were divided in two types and characteristic patterns were observed. Phenolic compounds such as caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, chrysin, pinobanksin, pinobanksin-3-acetate, galangin, kaempferol, tectochrysin and pinocembrin were identified as characteristic marker compounds of French propolis samples. This study expanded the research on the European poplar type of propolis and confirmed the presence of two botanically different types of propolis, known as the blue and orange types.
Keywords: DART-MS; Flavonoids; HPTLC; Multivariate data analysis; Phenolic acids; Propolis.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


The ZEISS Xradia Versa family and ZEISS Xradia Ultra lab platforms offer a multi-lengthscale solution. State of the art X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning technology combined with highly specialized, proprietary X-ray optics deliver the highest performance lab-based 3D X-ray microscopes, providing a range of imaging modes from ~30 micron resolution all the way down to 50nm spatial resolution.
The Xradia Versa uses patented X-ray detectors and a microscope turret of magnifying objective detectors for easy zooming. Scan mode from 30 micron resolution all the way down to 700 nm spatial resolution. The Xradia Ultra nanoscale X-ray microscope is the only commercially available X-ray microscope that utilizes synchrotron quality X-ray optics and provides true spatial resolution down to <50nm.
The flagship product of the award-winning Xradia Versa family provides the most advanced and highest performing non-destructive, 3D imaging and analysis capabilities. Xradia 520 Versa extends the boundaries of non-destructive 3D imaging with advanced contrast tuning capabilities, extensive filtering options, and enhancements delivering greater accuracy and workflow.
Based on the award-winning design of its predecessor, Xradia 510 Versa is the foundation of the Xradia Versa family for those who need the highest 3D imaging capability without the advanced features and performance of the flagship product.
Xradia 410 Versa bridges the gap between high-performing 3D X-ray microscopy solutions and traditionally lower-cost, less capable projection-based computed tomography (CT) systems. Multiple source options provide flexibility for imaging a wide range of sample sizes and types.
The revolutionary Xradia 800 Ultra combines a high-flux laboratory X-ray source with highly specialized and proprietary X-ray optics to create a standalone ultra-high resolution X-ray microscope for CT scanning, bridging the gap between existing high resolution imaging modalities such as SEM, TEM or AFM, and optical microscopy or traditional micro-CT.
Xradia 810 Ultra increases the throughput of nanoscale, three-dimensional X-ray imaging by up to a factor of 10. This innovative X-ray microscope (XRM) operates at 5.4 keV, a lower energy that delivers better contrast and image quality for medium to low Z samples and other materials used throughout science and industry.


Guidelines for Organizing Server Rack
When mounting all of the equipment (such as servers, storage, switches, and routers) into the server rack, cable management tends to have been overlooked in many times. Without a good rack cable management solution, all of the network cables in the rack look like spaghetti. In this case, cable management becomes a tremendous challenge for IT technicians and network installers in most data centers. How to organize a server rack? In fact, some simple plans and a right arsenal of tools are prepared before installing the server rack, such messy situations will be avoided.
The reason is simple enough: poorly routed cables can lead to an assortment of problems over time. First, everything unorganized and jumbled just creates a high risk for cables to be tangled up, and a possibility of making a mistake when reconnecting cables. Second, rack cable management is directly related to hardware safety. All equipment running on the rack is going to generate heat, so organizing a rack with a conception involving space will help promote the airflow and hardware management. Last but not least, cable labels should not be neglected, which help save lots of time on troubleshooting. For more information about cable labeling, please refer to Proper Cable Labeling Guidelines. Just imagine how difficult it would be trying to trace a cable through that mess? Therefore, a large emphasis should be placed on organization and cleanliness when creating the server rack setup. The following video gives a quick look at the structured cabling solutions of fiber or copper system in a single rack.
The vast majority of IT applications use 19-inch wide racks. The depth of the rack is usually adjustable to some degree. The height of the rack is divided into standardized segments called rack units (“U”), and each rack unit (1U) is 1.75 inches high. For example, a 42U rack contains 42 rack units. It does mean that the rack will accommodate any combination of standard rack equipment up to 42U. Therefore, the first step is to choose a suitable server rack for your data center. Learn more about choosing a suitable server rack, please refer to Different Types of Server Rack Used in Data Center.
Plan the layout of your server rack before mounting all of the equipment is of critical importance in today’s high-density rack environments. You need to determine what components to be housed in the rack and map out the blueprint that corresponds to where you are planning to mount each component on the rack. This step can prevent the frustration of having to move equipment after it has been mounted.
The location of equipment in the rack is vital to maximize the space inside the rack and to permit easy service. You should develop a detailed plan for equipment placement before you install it, including plans for future expansion. Generally, the heaviest equipment is placed in the bottom of the rack, such as UPS systems and external battery packs, larger servers.
The patch panel is always used for rack cabling distribution, which potentially allows for the use of larger switches and higher utilization of ports. An alternative approach is to install network switches in the rack and use the switch layer itself as the patching system, but the patching function is limited. In terms of cabling, the patch panel is nothing but essential cable management tool to wire cables together. The 24-port patch panel is the most common options used on the rack. It is a perfect combination between the patch panel and cable management bar to reduce cable tension in the rack. For high-density cabling system, other cable management tools, including horizontal and vertical cable manager, cable tie, cable label, are also considered.
As the density of equipment in the rack increases, cooling becomes an important factor. The heat concentrations can lead to increased power consumption and higher rates of equipment failure. Besides, unmanaged cabling could block airflow and prevent efficient cold air distribution. In this sense, using horizontal and vertical cable managers to organize patch cables and power cords is also very helpful for cooling efficiency.
Patch panels provide space-saving, high-density cable connections. Using patch panels as part of a structured cabling system lowers maintenance costs and reduces installation and configuration errors. Fiber patch panel and copper patch panel are used in patching fiber and copper cables respectively.
Horizontal cable managers allow neat and proper routing of the patch cables from equipment in racks and protect cables from damage. If you are using flat-faced patch panels or network switches that cable from above or below, horizontal cable manager will complete the support pathway for patch cords between the cabling section and the exact connection port on the patch panel or switch. Alternately, horizontal cable management can be used to create rack-to-rack pathways for patch cords.
Vertical cable manager utilizes the additional space to manage the slack from patch cords, and make sure that they can easily route the largest cable diameter in your plan. For static environments, you can consider installing another vertical cable manager behind the racks, which does not block access to components in the space between the racks.
Fiber enclosure enables managers to be more efficient with rack space, which offers the superior density, port access, and cable management in a solid and sleek enclosure. It can be mounted with fiber adapter panels and fiber cassettes, in result that the modular system meets the demand to quickly moves, adds and changes while simultaneously providing the possibility for future upgrades. Rack mount fiber enclosure is the commonly used type in the data center as it provides a convenient and rugged termination point for fiber jumper cables. For more information, please refer to FS 1U Rack Enclosure Types and Selection Guide.
Cable tie and cable label are also important accessories for rack cable management, but many people seem to ignore this job. The cable ties with different color code and cable labels can help you quickly manage the cabling and achieve easy troubleshooting. In rack application, Velcro ties are more popular than zip tie, because they can reduce the cable damage and have the ability to be reused over and over again.
1. Should every device (e.g. servers, switches, routers) face one direction on the rack? Or should I share the same U on both sides?
Yes. You should have everything facing the same way, which can allow your equipment to cool more effectively as they do not block the hot exhaust of other devices.
2. Is it best practice to have everything that comes into the server room go into a patch panel, and then have short patch cables from the patch panel to switches?
Yes. It generally is the best practice. Anything coming from outside the server room should be patched before going to the switch. It makes it easier to troubleshoot and maintain as you grow your infrastructure.
3. For small devices (e.g. cable modem and router) came from ISP (backup broadband), what’s the best way to keep that organized in a rack? Should I use a shelf?
A shelf would make it easier and look nicer.
4. Should I leave space between devices in the rack for cooling? Or is it ok to place devices contiguously? I wasn't sure if that would cause servers to overheat.
Most rack devices are designed to intake at the front and exhaust out the back, so you do not worry about that the contiguous placement would cause overheating. It would be fine to put them butted up next to each other.


Light source selection
The light source is an important factor affecting the input of the machine vision system, which directly affects the quality of the input data and at least 30% of the application effect. Since there is no general machine vision lighting equipment, for each specific application example, the corresponding lighting device should be selected to achieve the best effect. Balluff provides a variety of high-quality light sources.
The light is directed at the object to get a clear image. This type of light is very effective when it is necessary to obtain high-contrast object images. But when it is used to shine on bright or reflective materials, it will cause mirror-like reflections. General lighting generally uses ring or spot lighting. Ring light is a commonly used general lighting method, which is easy to install on the lens and can provide sufficient illumination for diffuse reflection surfaces.
The formation of coaxial light is the divergence of light from the vertical wall, and it hits a beamsplitter that makes the light downward. The camera looks at the object through the beamsplitter from above. This type of light source is particularly helpful for detecting highly reflective objects, and it is also suitable for detecting objects with inconspicuous areas that are affected by shadows produced by the surrounding environment.
Darkfield illumination is to provide low-angle illumination relative to the surface of the object. Use the camera to shoot the mirror so that it is in its field of view. If the light source can be seen in the field of view, it is considered to illuminate the bright field. On the contrary, if the light source is not visible in the field of view, it is dark field illumination. Therefore, whether the light source is bright field illumination or dark field illumination is related to the position of the light source. Typically, dark field lighting is used to illuminate the raised part of the surface or to illuminate the surface texture change.
Continuous diffuse lighting is applied to the reflectivity of the surface of the object or the surface has a complex angle. Continuous diffuse illumination uses hemispherical uniform illumination to reduce shadows and specular reflections. This lighting method is very useful for fully assembled circuit board lighting. This kind of light source can reach 170 solid angle range of uniform illumination.
Light that shoots from the back of the object with a uniform field of view. The side profile of the object surface can be seen through the camera. Backlight is often used to measure the size and orientation of objects. The backlight produces a strong contrast. When using backlight technology, the surface features of the object may be lost. For example, the backlight technology can be used to measure the diameter of a coin, but the front and back of the coin cannot be judged.


Robust non-fragile filtering for networked systems with distributed variable delays
Date of Issue2014
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
This paper is concerned with the robust non-fragile filtering for a class of networked systems with distributed variable delays. We model such a complex delay system with an augmented switched system. For the filtering implementation uncertainty, a stochastic variable is employed to indicate random occurrence of the filter gain change, and a norm bound to measure the change size. The suitably weighted measurements are proposed for filter performance improvement, instead of direct use of the measurements themselves which may have significant delays and degrade the performance. With some improved stability and l2 gain analysis for the switched systems, a new sufficient condition is obtained such that the filtering error system is exponentially stable in the mean square sense and achieves a prescribed H∞ performance level. A numerical example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed design.
DRNTU::Engineering::Computer science and engineering::Information systems
Journal of the Franklin Institute
© 2014 Elsevier. This is the author created version of a work that has been peer reviewed and accepted for publication by Journal of the Franklin Institute, Elsevier. It incorporates referee’s comments but changes resulting from the publishing process, such as copyediting, structural formatting, may not be reflected in this document. The published version is available at: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfranklin.2014.03.009].


Now showing items 1-3 of 3
Raman spectroscopic study of Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-x%BaTiO3 single crystals as a function of temperature and composition
(American Institute of Physics, 2011-06-01)
A Raman spectroscopic study of Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-x%BaTiO3 (NBT-x%BT) single crystals with x=0 and 5.6 has been performed as a function of temperature from 25 to 600 degrees C. The general features of the Raman spectra for the ...
Effect of Mn substituents on the domain and local structures of Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-BaTiO3 single crystals near a morphotropic phase boundary
(AIP Publishing, 2011-03-01)
The ferroelectric domain and local structures of Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-x% BaTiO3 (NBT-BT) and 0.14 at. % Mn substituted Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-x% BaTiO3 (Mn:NBT-BT) single crystals with x=5.5 near a morphotropic phase boundary have been ...
Electric-field-dependent phase volume fractions and enhanced piezoelectricity near the polymorphic phase boundary of (K0.5Na0.5)(1-x)LixNbO3 textured ceramics
(American Physical Society, 2011-06-01)
The structure, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of < 001 > textured (K0.5Na0.5)(0.98)Li0.02NbO3 ceramics were investigated as a function of temperature and dc bias E. X-ray diffraction revealed an orthorhombic ...


VMware announced their new mobility platform at VMworld 2012 US, called Horizon Suite. They showed a demo on Horizon Mobile for iOS during the keynote. The video can now be found on YouTube.
The demo shows how it can securely deliver workers the set of applications and data they need regardless of the devices they use including iPads and iPhones. Also in this demo you will see that copy/paste isn’t allowed and will be blocked by the application. Horizon enables access to and sharing of data and files.
Currently the suite is in alpha release but they expect a beta release by the end of the year. I honestly can’t wait for it. It just looks amazing!


About This Project
COVID-19 is having widespread impacts on humans and nature. The “Our Ocean in COVID-19” project aims to track these changes in the ocean in real-time through the pandemic and into a new normal. Using the free eOceans mobile app, participants track their ocean usage and log observations of human and animal activity. To improve participant retention, ocean literacy, and data quality we plan to build the world's first global, dynamic, in-app digital field guide for the ocean.


Portable Analog Laboratory
The DB-711 Analog Laboratory is designed for the use of analog cicuit experiments. It features 4sets of DC power supplies with dierent voltage output and a large solderless Bread board. Which is convenient for the users to do several kinds of circuit experiment Optional jumper wire set and cutter/stripper is avaible for user's convenience.
Output Power Supply
Regulated D.C. Supplies
AC Power Supplies 3 volt, 6 volt, 9 volt, 12 volt
Variable D.C. Supplies 18 V @ 1000 mA with short circuit indicators
Solderless Breadboard 1040 Tie points breadboard, 1mA ammeter, 5K & 100K
Potentiometer, 8ohm1w speaker, 5pin relay, 4set 1A diode
2 way toggle & 2 way puls switchs and power indicators.
Input Power Supply
110 V AC, 50 Hz
AC Power Cable
User's Instruction Manual
Dimension / Weight
3.5 KGS (Approx.)


Model-based test (MBT) generation techniques for automated GUI testing are of great value for app testing. Existing GUI model-based testing tools may fall into cyclic operations and run out of resources, when applied to apps with industrial complexity and scalability. In this work, we present a multi-agent GUI MBT system named Fastbot. Fastbot performs model construction on the server end. It applies multi-agent collaboration mechanism to speed up the model construction procedure. The proposed approach was applied on more than 20 applications from Bytedance with more than 1500 million monthly active users. Higher code coverage in less testing time is achieved with comparison of three other automated testing tools including Droidbot, Humanoid and Android Monkey.


http://www.filmtools.com/surefire-6p-flashlight-bulb-65.html17521SureFire P60 Flashlight Lamp/Bulb Assembly w/Reflectorhttp://cdn.filmtools.com/media/catalog/product/p/6/p60_xlarge_204.png17.10USDInStock/Grip & Electrical/Hardware/Tools/Flashlights/Lighting/Lighting Equipment/Flashlights

P60 incandescent lamp assembly

Produces 65 lumens of white light

Approximately 1 hour of runtime

 The P60 incandescent lamp assembly produces 65 lumens of white light with approximately 1 hour of runtime.
NOTE: SureFire lights that use P60 or P61 lamps can be upgraded to a 120-lumen LED light with twice the tactical runtime (compared to the P60 lamp) or six times the tactical runtime (compared to a P61 lamp) by installing a KX4 or KX4D LED conversion head. 17.10Surefireadd-to-cart


|Publication number||US4845485 A|
|Application number||US 07/139,239|
|Publication date||Jul 4, 1989|
|Filing date||Dec 29, 1987|
|Priority date||Dec 29, 1987|
|Also published as||WO1989006408A1|
|Publication number||07139239, 139239, US 4845485 A, US 4845485A, US-A-4845485, US4845485 A, US4845485A|
|Inventors||Gary L. Pace|
|Original Assignee||Motorola, Inc.|
|Export Citation||BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan|
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (19), Classifications (11), Legal Events (4)|
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet|
The present invention relates generally to radio pagers and, more particularly, to a combined pager/ timepiece applicance that may be worn on the wrist of the user wherein the pager portion thereof is protected from desensitization that may otherwise occur when the associated stepping motor controlling the timepiece is in operation.
In the evolution of radio pagers, miniaturization has become the watchword. The state of the art is now at the point where the pager device may be worn on the wrist of the user. this in turn affords the opportunity to combine such paging device with a timepiece to provide a very useful and highly desirable personalized appliance.
One potential, and perhaps, obvious arrangement of the foregoing type is a pager combined with an analog watch with hour, minute and second hands suitably controlled by a pulsed stepping motor. The stepping motor is conventionally controlled by voltage pulses at regular intervals to increment the second and in turn the minute and hour hands and thereby causing the correct time to be displayed. The voltage pulses may be generated from an internal reference oscillator that also serves a function in the data processing operation of the pager portion of the device or, alternatively, separate oscillators may be provided. It will be appreciated that these reference voltage pulses applied to the associated stepping motor may well result in a degradation in performance regarding the radio pager operation under certain operating conditions. These deleterious effects are usually in the form of RF radiation generated by the stepping motor which results in a desensitization of the paging receiver itself. How severe is dependent upon many factors, but it is fair to note that any desensitization necessarily says that the paging receiver is simply not performing to its designed capability, and therefore undesirable.
Additionally, the varying current drain of the battery may well cause still additional degradation in the paging receiver performance. That is, the variable increase in battery current during stepping motor operation may well reduce the voltage level at the battery terminals which in turn results in less than optimum operating levels for the paging receiver circuitry again, adding to receiver sensitivity degradation.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a combined radio pager/timepiece personalized device in which the foregoing deficiencies have been overcome.
A more particular object of the present invention is to provide a combined pager/timepiece device of the foregoing type wherein the stepping motor operation is effectively inhibited during select times when the paging receiver is operative and is caused to catch up at subsequent time intervals.
In practicing the invention, a combined radio paging receiver/analog timepiece device is provided which includes hour, minute, and second hands controlled by a stepping motor. Normally the stepping motor is activated by a voltage pulse applied at regular intervals, such as every one second. However, when the data processor of the pager/watch device is sampling the air waves for its address and/or associated paging message, means are provided to inhibit any applied voltage pulses to the stepping motor during those times. At the same time, a seconds register is incremented and later utilized to cause the data processor to generate and apply the appropriate delayed voltage pulses to the stepping motor in a sequential but accelerated fashion so as to bring the timepiece to current time status.
The features of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a combined radio paper/analog watch timepiece in which the present invention may be advantageously utilized;
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the timing diagram for signals generated by the data processor of the pager/watch device; and
FIGS. 3a and 3b are flowcharts which describe the operation of the referenced data processor.
Referring now to the drawings a block diagram of the combined radio pager/analog timepiece device 10 is shown which has been constructed in accordance with the present invention. The device 10 itself includes a separate paging receiver section, indicated at 12, as well as an analog watch portion 14. A common oscillator 18 is provided in combination with a data processor 16. The analog watch portion also includes an associated stepping motor 20. An external antenna 22 is further included to respond to communication signals which may include the pagers' unique address as well as any associated messages intended therefor which may be transmitted from time to time. Communication signals may be in the form of binary digits (bits) modulated on a carrier frequency of a given value.
As well understood by those skilled in the art, the receiver 12 of the combined pager/watch device 10 responds to the signals transmitted and received by antenna 22. Receiver 12 detects, removes and passes the binary information (digits) to the data processor 16 on line 24, as illustrated. Data processor 16, again in the well known manner, processes the detected binary information to determine if the pagers address is present, and, if so, to further process any associated message intended therefor. The timing (clock) signals to permit such data processing is provided by oscillator 18.
This oscillator 18 also serves to provide the timing signals for the data processor 16 in generating and applying the necessary periodic voltage pulses to the steppng motor 20 so as to intermittently move the watch second hand at regular (i.e., one second) intervals. In this manner, the analog watch section accurately and continuously displays current time.
As indicated, data processor 16 may also provide a "battery saver" strobe signal to the receiver on a periodic basis whereby the receiver, normally powereddown, comes up to full operating level and monitors the airwaves and determine if there is a signal being transmitted which is of interest to the pager portion of the device 10. At all other times, the receiver is in a deactivation state. This battery saver function is, of course, entirely optional and may be omitted without material affect on the invention here disclosed. For purposes of completeness, however, it will be assumed that such feature is incorporated in the disclosed pager 10.
Typically, a paging channel is "sampled" by the paging portion of the device 10 at about 0.5 seconds or longer interval, with the sampling duration typically being about 15 percent of the sampling interval. The sampling time and intervals are entirely arbitrary and may be varied as desired. The maximum sampling time required to receive the pager address and associated message in a transmitted page is typically less than one second. The operation of the battery saver strobe or sampling signal in monitoring the channel is well understood in the art and a detailed description is deemed unnecessary in the present disclosure. A complete operational description of a pager with battery saver operation of a type which may be advantageously utilized in the present invention is included in U.S. Pat. No. 4,181,893, issued to Edward L. Ehmke, and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention.
In addition, in the analog watch portion 14 of the device 10, the stepping motor 20 normally receives an applied voltage pulse from the data processor 16 at regular occurring intervals. Typically this would be one second if the watch has a second hand, or perhaps some different value, if no second hand is utilized. The applied voltage pulse causes the stepping motor 20 to increment one time unit whatever that unit is chosen to be, in this case, however, one second. In this manner, time keeping is kept current and the correct time displayed.
As previously mentioned, this applied voltage pulse to the stepping motor 20 may result in degradation in the paging receiver performance if so applied during those instances where the receiver 12 is active in receiving and detecting transmitted information. This reduction in performance can be the result of RF radiation generated by the stepping motor, which degrades receiver sensitivity. In addition, depending on the type of battery utilized, varying battery current drain may further result in lower operating voltage levels which may also contribute to a further reduction in receiver sensitivity.
This undesirable paging receiver desensitization is effectively avoided in the present invention by a programmed interrupt in the applied stepping motor pulse drive signals during active receiver operation. These inhibited pulses are later recovered and applied at a subsequent time during paging receiver deactivation. The subsequent applied voltage pulses are on a speeded up or accelerated basis until the associated timepiece is brought to current time status. For most watch users, it is completely unnoticeable that the operation of the stepping motor is occasionally increased or decreased, or that the timepiece itself is temporarily in error regarding time display in terms of one or more seconds.
The present invention takes advantage of this characteristic and inhibits the occurrence of an applied stepping motor voltage pulse during the times a paging receiver is sampling transmitted information on a paging channel or during which the receiver is processing an intended message. This is effectively illustrated in graphic form in FIG. 2. Line A depicts various of the battery strobe sampling signals S1, S2 and S3 as well as an interval during which an associated pager message is being processed, such as that shown at M1. Line B depicts the voltage pulse V1, V2, V3 and v4 for stepping motor 20 generated by the data processor 16 at regular intervals. These voltage pulses are of a time duration T1 which conventionally are shorter than that of sampling pulses S1 -S3. As is customary in the watch art, pulses of alternating polarities are utilized. That is, pulses V1 and V3 are shown as positive going while V2 and V4 are shown as negative going.
Normally, the sampling signals or battery strobes S1 -V4. These voltage pulses are shown as occurring at a one second rate. Whenever a voltage pulse V is to occur during a time when the paging receiver 12 is sampling during an S interval, or additionally during an interval M in which an actual paging message is being processed, that voltage pulse is inhibited, or more correctly, delayed for application at a later time. This is depicted in regard to voltage pulses V2 and V3. The former would otherwise occur during the S2 sample interval and the latter during the M1 message processing interval. In each case, the voltage pulse is dealyed to a time in which the paging receiver 12 is in a deactivated mode. Pulse V2 is delayed to V2 ' and pulse V3 is delayed to V3 '. Accordingly, it is to be noted that the interval between pulses V1 and V2 ' is greater than one second and that between V3 ' and V4 is less than one second.
The inhibition, delay and subsequent application of certain of the stepping motor voltage pulse drive signals is effected by the data processor 16 includes a microprocessor which has been programmed to effect various routines regarding both paging operation and time keeping functions. Two of such routines, or more correctly, subroutines, are set forth in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
FIG. 3a represents the normal interrupt subroutine for time keeping purposes. The seconds register as therein shown is initialized to zero following initial power-up of the data processor 16. The data processor contains a timer which generates an interrupt to the main control program once every second. The interrupt service routine is used to increment the seconds register 41 once each second. As indicated, a one second interrupt is received at step 40, which in turn causes the seconds register (not shown) in the data processor 16 to increment one time unit, after which a return from interrupt is effect at step 42. This routine occurs on a regular basis, i.e., every one second without interruption.
The subroutine for generating and applying the stepping motor drive signal is set forth with particularity in FIG. 3b. This subroutine of necessity occurs at a higher rate than the one second interrupt routine shown in FIG. 3a . This is because the delayed voltage drive signals must be subsequently applied on an accelerated basis to bring the timepiece up to current time status. This subroutine may be programmed to run several times, perhaps as high as ten times, a second.
In each instance of running the stepping motor drive subroutine 50, the seconds register is first checked at step 51 to see if the register has been incremented (see step 41 in FIG. 3a) or whether it contains a zero value. If the latter, the return from subroutine at step 56 is immediately initiated. This means that the timepiece is at current time. However, if the register contains a nonzero value, the data processor 16 is checked at step 52 to determine if it is in the data sampling mode. If yes, the return from subroutine is again initiated at step 56. If no, it is to be determined whether the data processor 16 will in fact sample data within the next time interval T1, the duration of an applied stepping motor voltage pulse V. If so determined in step 53, the return from subroutine is again initiated. If not so, the generation of a stepping motor voltage pulse occurs and is duly applied at step 54. If that occurs, the seconds register is decremented one time unit at step 55 before the return from subroutine is initiated at step 56. Since stepping motor drive subroutine 50 occurs at at sub-second or multiple times per second rate, the generation of additional voltage pulses will occur on an accelerated basis until the referenced seconds register is fully decremented to a zero value and the timepiece is at current time status.
|Cited Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US3540207 *||Sep 20, 1968||Nov 17, 1970||Timex Corp||Electronic watch counting circuit|
|US3937004 *||May 24, 1974||Feb 10, 1976||Citizen Watch Co., Ltd.||Portable miniature type information treating device|
|US4181893 *||Dec 30, 1976||Jan 1, 1980||Motorola, Inc.||Battery saver for a tone coded signalling system|
|US4518961 *||Jan 30, 1984||May 21, 1985||Motorola, Inc.||Universal paging device with power conservation|
|US4650344 *||Oct 25, 1985||Mar 17, 1987||Junghans Uhren Gmbh||Radio controlled timepiece|
|US4663624 *||Mar 21, 1985||May 5, 1987||Asulab, S.A.||Pager having receiving frame tuned by transducer|
|US4713808 *||Nov 27, 1985||Dec 15, 1987||A T & E Corporation||Watch pager system and communication protocol|
|US4755816 *||Oct 29, 1986||Jul 5, 1988||Motorola Inc.||Battery saving method for a selective call radio paging receiver|
|Citing Patent||Filing date||Publication date||Applicant||Title|
|US5297118 *||Jun 23, 1993||Mar 22, 1994||Seiko Instruments Inc.||Electronic watch with pager|
|US5301358 *||Aug 3, 1992||Apr 5, 1994||Seiko Corp.||Automatic antenna tuning method and apparatus|
|US5479378 *||Dec 17, 1993||Dec 26, 1995||Seiko Telecommunication Systems Inc.||Analog wristwatch paging receiver|
|US5528559 *||Jun 23, 1995||Jun 18, 1996||Motorola, Inc.||Multiple display timepiece|
|US5572196 *||Jun 23, 1993||Nov 5, 1996||Sakumoto; Kazumi||Electronic analog watch with pager|
|US5572488 *||Dec 17, 1993||Nov 5, 1996||Seiko Communications Holding N.V.||Wristwatch paging receiver having analog message display|
|US5796338 *||Feb 3, 1997||Aug 18, 1998||Aris Mardirossian, Inc.||System for preventing loss of cellular phone or the like|
|US5986566 *||Aug 18, 1994||Nov 16, 1999||Oi Denki Co., Ltd.||Wrist band antenna|
|US6329903 *||May 12, 1995||Dec 11, 2001||Oi Denki Co., Ltd.||Wrist watch-style pager|
|US7113450 *||May 20, 2003||Sep 26, 2006||Timex Group B.V.||Wearable electronic device with multiple display functionality|
|US7215601||Sep 18, 2006||May 8, 2007||Timex Group B.V.||Wearable electronic device with multiple display functionality|
|US7821878||Oct 31, 2007||Oct 26, 2010||Timex Group B.V.||Wearable electronic device with multiple display functionality|
|US20040233788 *||May 20, 2003||Nov 25, 2004||Plancon Michel G.||Wearable electronic device with multiple display functionality|
|US20070014193 *||Sep 18, 2006||Jan 18, 2007||Timex Group B.V.||Wearable electronic device with multiple display functionality|
|US20080062818 *||Oct 31, 2007||Mar 13, 2008||Timex Group B.V.||Wearable electronic device with multiple display functionality|
|WO1990008431A1 *||Jan 16, 1990||Jul 26, 1990||Motorola, Inc.||Multi-attachment portable radio|
|WO1995016939A1 *||Dec 15, 1994||Jun 22, 1995||Seiko Telecommunication Systems Inc.||Wristwatch paging receiver having analog message display|
|WO1997001134A1 *||Mar 29, 1996||Jan 9, 1997||Motorola Inc.||Multiple display timepiece|
|WO1998034417A1 *||Feb 3, 1998||Aug 6, 1998||Aris Mardirossian, Inc.||System for preventing loss of cellular phone or the like|
|U.S. Classification||340/7.38, 368/10, 455/344|
|International Classification||G08B5/22, G08B3/10|
|Cooperative Classification||G08B3/1016, G08B5/229, G08B5/228|
|European Classification||G08B3/10B1, G08B5/22C1B8, G08B5/22C1B6|
|Dec 29, 1987||AS||Assignment|
Owner name: MOTOROLA, INC., SCHAUMBURG, ILLINOIS, A CORP. OF D
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PACE, GARY L.;REEL/FRAME:004816/0092
Effective date: 19871221
|Jul 29, 1992||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 4
|Oct 28, 1996||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 8
|Dec 28, 2000||FPAY||Fee payment|
Year of fee payment: 12


Posted August 22, 2018 03:15:15 The most common mistake people make when buying a console is not paying attention to what it is actually for.
As a gamer, I am usually quite adept at looking for the most appealing, versatile, and convenient option.
The problem, however, is that video game consoles are not just a set of inputs and outputs.
They are a collection of peripherals.
This article will explain how to choose the best video game console for the game you are playing.
As always, you will need to read this article to understand what the article means and what you can do to make your own video game system the best for you.
Let’s begin with the basics.
The Basics The first thing you need to do is figure out which video game systems are compatible with your particular system.
Most consoles are compatible, but there are some notable exceptions, and you will probably want to find out what those exceptions are.
The best way to determine whether a system is compatible is to read a manual or check with your local hardware store.
This is particularly important if you plan to play a lot of online multiplayer games, which are usually released on multiple consoles simultaneously.
You may also want to check with the manufacturers of the consoles themselves.
A manual is a great source of information on the systems compatibility, but it is not necessarily accurate.
A video game is a video game.
That means it is an interactive, computer-controlled game.
A game console is a controller that controls the computer, and it can be used to interact with the computer in any manner you wish.
Video game systems usually come in two flavors, the console and the PC.
Both consoles and PCs are based on the Intel microprocessors, which have an integrated graphics processing unit (GPU).
The GPU, also known as the CPU, is a special part of the CPU that performs calculations and calculations.
The graphics processing units (GPUs) of video game controllers are based off of the graphics processors on the processor.
The most popular gaming systems include the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch.
These consoles and the other games that use them have their own graphics cards, but most of the games use a combination of both.
The other important factor to remember is that you can play any video game with any video card you choose.
As you can see in the image above, a game is just a game if the graphics are controlled by a GPU.
The video card can be anything, from a laptop or a desktop PC to a big screen TV.
You can also connect a controller to your TV using HDMI, but that will only work if the video card supports that type of interface.
The PlayStation 4 is the only console that comes with an HDMI input port, but you can buy a controller for the PlayStation 3 and the Wii U if you want to play games using your TV’s HDMI output.
A PlayStation 4 controller can be set up to act as a TV remote, and a PlayStation 4 can be connected to a TV using a USB cable.
You also can buy the PlayStation 5 controller for $130 and get a USB-to-HDMI adapter that will let you connect the controller to a television using the HDMI output from your TV.
The only other consoles that come with HDMI are the Xbox One and Nintendo 3DS, which both use a USB connector.
The Wii U is compatible with both the HDMI and the USB-A connectors.
The Xbox One is also compatible with HDMI and USB-B.
You will want to buy the Xbox Wireless Controller because it has HDMI and also USB-C, but if you don’t have one, you can purchase the Wii Remote Controller for $150.
The Nintendo Switch is also an HDMI-compatible console.
The Switch comes with both a USB port and an HDMI output, and is compatible to both USB-2.0 and USB 3.0.
The PS4 has both USB and HDMI ports.
This controller can also be used as a remote controller for games on the Nintendo Switch, but this controller will only allow you to play Wii games on it.
The game you play can be a game on the Switch and on your TV, but the remote control will not let you control the games directly on the TV.
This means that you must have a game that you want you can control using your game console.
You want to be able to control the TV as well as the game controller, so you will want a controller with a USB connection to your television.
If you buy a new TV, make sure that the console that you buy has the USB port, since it will not work with older consoles.
If your system doesn’t have an HDMI port, you need the right cable.
If a game console has an HDMI connection, you may need to buy a cable to connect it to your computer and monitor.
The USB port on the PS4 controller works with both HDMI and a USB hub, and can be hooked up to a USB


Smartron, an Indian based technology company, is all set to launch its first smartphone called t.phone in India today. Smartron had announced the launch of an ultrabook called t.book for Rs 39,999 in India in March this year. At the event the company also showcased the t.phone. Legendary cricketer Sachin Tendulkar had unveiled both the devices then in an event held in New Delhi.
The company has already issued an invite to launch its t.phone smartphone for Indian market scheduled for today. Smartron is already teasing about the launch event through its Twitter handle. The tweet reads “Don’t miss the star of the smart revolution. Save the date – May 19th with hashtag #tPhoneIsComing. The company has also announced that anyone can register for live stream for the product launch. And by registering, One lucky winner will receive a t.phone signed by Sachin Tendulkar.
The Smartron t.phone is claimed to be the lightest 5.5 inch smartphone by the company. As per reports, the Smartron t.phone is expected to come with a 5.5-inch full HD display, 4G/LTE connectivity and dual SIM support. It will be powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon 810 processor coupled with 3GB of RAM and 32 GB of internal storage. The phone is reportedly coming with a 12-megapixel rear camera and 4-megapixel front facing camera.
To recall, the Smartron t.book was launched earlier in grey+orange and full grey colours. It comes with a detachable keyboard, so you can also use it as a tablet by removing the keypad. It has a 12.2 inch display with 2560×1600 pixels resolution. This ultrabook has 4 GB of LPDDR3 RAM, 128 GB internal memory, 5 megapixel rear camera and a 2 megapixel front camera.
This ultrabook has 37 Whr battery that claims to offer 10 hours of web browsing. It has two full sized USB 3.0 port, one micro HDMI port, a micro SD card slot of 128 GB capacity, a 3.5 mm audio jack, and Type C charging port.


Many special components are often used in the layout of the PCB board printer. Once the layout is not handled well, it will directly affect the performance and quality of the PCB board printer. So what are the layout requirements of the special components of the PCB board printer?
1. Layout requirements for crimping devices
(1) There should be no components higher than 3mm in the range of 3mm around the curved/male, curved/female crimping device surface. And there should be no welding devices around 1.5mm; the distance from the opposite side of the crimping device to the pinhole center of the crimping device is 2.5mm. There shall be no components within this range.
(2) There must be no components within 1mm around the straight/male and straight/female crimping devices.
2. Layout requirements for thermal devices
(1) Keep thermal devices (such as electrolytic capacitors, crystal oscillators, etc.) away from high-heat devices as much as possible.
(2) The thermal device should be close to the component under test and away from the high-temperature area to avoid being affected by other heat-generating components.
(3) Place the heat-generating and heat-resistant components near or on the top of the air outlet, and try to stagger the position with other heating components and heat-sensitive components in the air rising direction.
3. Layout requirements with polar devices
(1) THD devices with polarity or directionality have the same direction in the layout and are arranged neatly.
(2) The direction of the polarized SMC is as consistent as possible on the board; the devices of the same type are arranged neatly and beautifully.
4. Layout requirements for through-hole reflow soldering devices
(1) For PCB board printer with non-transmission side dimensions greater than 300mm, try not to place heavy components in the middle of the PCB.
(2) In order to facilitate the insertion, the device is arranged near the operation side of the insertion.
(3) The length direction of the longer device is consistent with the transmission direction.
(4) The distance between the pad edge of the through-hole reflow soldering device and other SMT devices>2mm.
(5) The distance between the body of the through-hole reflow soldering device is >10mm.
(6) The distance between the pad edge of the through-hole reflow soldering device and the transmitting side is ≥10mm; the distance from the non-transmitting side is ≥5mm.
The above is the layout requirements for the special components of the pcb board layout printer. We hope it will be helpful.


Data Analysis Software
BrainSurfer is Applied Neurosciences Inc's 3-D visualization software. BrainSurfer allows Real-Time Visualization of 3-Dimensional Brain Networks, for research or Neurofeedback applications. It can be used to map network activations for a variety of cognitive states including anxiety, working memory, mood, attention, addiction, pain, pleasure, ... In addition, it allows Z-score analyses and works with Neuroguide. BrainSurfer interfaces directly with Wearable Sensing's DSI-24 and DSI-7 systems to allow real-time data acquisition and processing as well as Neurofeedback. BrainSurfer can also import files recorded with Wearable Sensing's systems for off-line analysis.
EEGLAB is a MATLAB-based toolbox for offline EEG analysis. Wearable Sensing has developed a DSI-Streamer to EEGLAB extension (formerly termed "plug-in") that allows users to load Wearable Sensing's DSI-Streamer files into EEGLAB seamlessly
Wearable Sensing has developed a DSI-Streamer to MATLAB extension that allows users to load Wearable Sensing's DSI-Streamer files into MATLAB seamlessly.
Mensia Technologies is building innovative solutions for neurophysiological research and neurofeedback applications, including brain-computer interface (BCI) software packages, neurofeedback applications, offline data analysis and artifact removal, and add-ons for advanced signal processing, visualization, and source localization. Mensia's NeuroRT software is designed by the same pioneers in BCI technology who created OpenViBE "NeuroRT Studio is a block diagram environment for the design of real-time experiments and analysis for neuroscience. It provides a graphical editor to drag and drop boxes from a library covering the essential steps of such analysis: data read and write (from/to a device and/or a file), temporal and spatial filtering, epoching, selection, mathematical operations, visualization, and many others. These processing steps can then be connected together with wires in order to create a signal processing pipeline." Wearable Sensing's DSI systems are compatible with Mensia's NeuroRT Studio.
Neuroguide is Applied Neurosciences Inc's EEG analysis software. Its features and capabilities include: Real-time Dynamic Normative EEG Comparison, Automatic Artifact Rejection, EEG Coherence, Phase Delays, Amplitude Asymmetry & Power, joint-time-frequency-analyses (JTFA), FFT Normative Power Ratios and Peak Frequency and Color Maps from 1 to 50 Hz, Dynamic Time-Frequency Z Scores, Time Domain LORETA Z Scores, and much much more... It also has several add-ons for Pre- vs. Post-treatment analysis & group comparisons (NeuroStat), automatic processing of large numbers of EEG files (NeuroBatch), Mild Head Injury Discriminant Function and TBI EEG Severity Index, Learning Disability Discriminant Function, LORETA normative databases, Statistics, and 3-Dimensional Source Correlations, Coherence and Phase Differences Between 88 Bordmann Areas, Brain Performance Index, Bi-Spectral Analyses In addition, Neuroguide Add-ons allow the use of Z Score Surface EEG or LORETA Z Score EEG for Neurofeedback, with capabilities to Link Symptoms to Functional Networks in the Brain Neuroguide interfaces directly with Wearable Sensing's DSI-24 and DSI-7 systems to allow real-time data acquisition and processing as well as Neurofeedback. Neuroguide can also import files recorded with Wearable Sensing's systems for off-line analysis.