With the introduction of Health Care Homes, practices will have greater flexibility to provide comprehensive, coordinated, patient-centred care for patients with complex and chronic conditions.
The aim of this resource is to showcase practical examples of how different clinics across Australia use a variety of patient-centred and best-practice approaches to chronic disease management.
You will find a series of practice snapshots, quotes and case studies, which help illustrate key components of Health Care Homes including:
Implementing a coordinated model of care
Robust recall and reminder system: practice with seven GPs, two nurses, three allied health professionals
"We have a lot of elderly patients who suffer from multiple conditions. We found that the best way to manage things was to create a very good recall process. We send out recalls to patients on a regular basis to make sure that the nurses are consistently creating and reviewing their chronic disease plans."
"It's great when patients initiate this process, but most of the time, it' largely driven by our nurses. Our nurses go through the plans, check when patients attended other services like the specialist for their osteoporosis, or check if they've been to see their physiotherapist or other allied health professionals."
"If other providers are involved, the nurses will call them to discuss new referrals or to check on progress or treatments."
"Our nurses are also constantly looking for new services that might be a good fit for our patients. For example, there are several social programs run by different community groups. The nurses can make the right phone calls and referrals to get isolated patients into some of those programs."
Planning care and regular contact: practice with five GPs, two nurses, two allied health professionals
"We plan our patient contacts in advance. We print out a list of all the phone calls or contacts we will need to make with our complex patients for the next year. Then we follow that list to make sure we touch base with those patients every three to four weeks."
"For the initial consultation, the nurse will usually do a home assessment, especially if the patient is elderly. That gives us a good picture of where they're at. It also builds a relationship with the patient. If they have a carer, we'll liaise with them at this point as well. After that, we catch up every three weeks over the phone or we bring them into the clinic."
"When the nurse makes the routine phone call every three weeks, they'll discuss scripts, check if things are up to date, check how they're managing generally and if there are any issues or changes."
"We find out a lot through these calls. One patient hadn't told anyone about a fall. That routine call led to other coordination work and discussion with their doctor to assess for injury and look at strategies to prevent further falls. We're trying to prevent hospital admissions and we're also trying to keep patients well in their home."
"We don't always find out when patients have been to hospital because the discharge summaries don't always come through. That is another reason it' good to touch base with the patients regularly. When the nurse rang another patient, he said: ‘I've been in hospital for the last two weeks'."
Liaising with case managers: community health centre with three on-site GPs
"We have several clients with complex needs, including mental health. They're sometimes more difficult to engage, less compliant and don't cope as well."
"We also see patients who may have diabetes, heart disease, they might be elderly and have other physical ailments and most of them are not proactive about their health."
"Usually they come in when they're in crisis or unwell and need a script. Most of them are elderly, and some of them don't speak English, which complicates things."
"In our service, we've found the key for good care coordination has been engaging with caseworkers. They help patients come to regular appointments and can help to chase up their scripts. For the really pointy-end clients, you really need a caseworker to help with management.""We also have our nurses who do a lot of the administrative and clinical legwork alongside the GPs and we have a pretty good recall system. We put a lot of effort into following up with patients and we rely on our administrative staff to help us chase up clients so they come in for their reviews and other care."
Engaging hard-to-reach patients: Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service
"We see some patients who live in the bush. They have multiple health issues — they are on multiple medications, have limited health literacy, English as a second language, low-socio economic circumstances and are transient."
"They might come into the clinic for first-aid or for immediate health issues, but they rarely come in for their check-ups or for medication for their long-term conditions."
"Instead they need to be followed up. We often find that they are not taking their medication, or not in the way it was intended."
"We have care coordinators — either a registered nurse, an Aboriginal health worker or a staff member — who can case-manage the patient's care. The care coordinators make sure the patient gets the full level of follow-up required. We also use an electronic recall system as part of the patient notes and have regular meetings to discuss complex patients."
Recall system to prompt reviews: GP from regional Victoria
"When I have a patient with complex or multiple conditions I always make sure we review them on a regular basis."
"In our clinic we use our recall system to keep track. For example, I have a patient who has an intellectual disability and suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorder. If I'm referring them to another provider, between myself and my practice team, we'll coordinate the whole thing."
"Even though I will often get letters back from other services, I want to review these patients on a regular basis just to make sure that all the right care is happening, and that they are following through. If you just assume that people are following all the advice and referrals you initiate, patients can fall through the cracks."
"It's important to have a good recall system so you can proactively check that they have been to a provider and they have improved, or, if things haven't improved, you need to look at other avenues.""With complex patients you can't rely on waiting to hear back or getting correspondence from other services before you act. If that' all you're doing, it's practically a guarantee that things will be missed and that will affect patient outcomes."
Multidisciplinary team approaches
Patients with complex and chronic conditions often require a variety of services and involvement from multiple providers across different disciplines. A team approach allows providers to collaborate, preventing duplication of services and resulting in better coordinated care.
Other benefits include:
- stronger professional relationships
- improved communication across disciplines
- and cross-pollination of skills, where providers learn and benefit from each other's skills and expertise.
Below are some examples of multidisciplinary team approaches.
Collaboration with external providers: practice with 15 GPs, six nurses
"We don't have allied health on the premises so we need to work closely with our preferred external providers."
"The nurses have very strong relationships with them. We know we can pick up the phone or email them and we'll hear back quickly."
"When we refer patients to external services, we give the patient the paperwork and contact details so they can get in touch with those services or providers. In the meantime, the providers are also given the patient's contact details, with the patient's consent."
"Under our system, if the allied health service hasn't heard from the patient after two weeks, then they will ring the patient to follow up. A lot of our older patients get home and forget to make appointments."
"We work with one of the dieticians and a local podiatrist. They send us a list every three months with patients we have referred, but that they either haven't heard from or haven't been able to get in touch with."
"Then we can chase it up from our end and we can add a reminder to discuss it with the patient when they come in to see the doctors."
A practice nurse talks about collaborative care delivery with a podiatrist
"A lot of our elderly patients need services like podiatry. We recently had a patient with a lesion and it was unclear whether it was a blister or an ulcer."
"In collaboration with the podiatrist and liaising with the nursing team, we worked on a weekly wound dressing for about three months."
"We talked to each other along the way — what he thought and what we thought —until we managed to resolve the lesion together."
"We also talk to pharmacies a lot. We may have to discuss scripts, or look at starting a patient on dosette boxes. We will usually put complex patients on home medicine reviews."
Integrating a clinical pharmacist into general practice
"The integration of a clinical pharmacist into the general practice as a team member means they actively participate in some of the most fundamental preventative interventions; identifying target patients, reviewing medication regimes, providing patient advice and options, education and reporting outcomes. Early signs are demonstrating the effectiveness of this in enhancing the general practice team."
Case conferences: practice with seven GPs and two nurses
"With our team, either the nurse or the doctor will see the patient first and we then have a discussion about what needs to happen."
"The nurses will tend to do a lot of the administrative work to organise things and then liaise with the GP."
"Having more flexible funding means that you can do things like case conferences with multiple providers."
"We know who our tricky cases are, and this way of working with colleagues cuts through red tape and leads to better communication. Liaising with social workers for example — having that professional connection means they can help with patients transitioning from home to facility care, along with any social issues emerging from that process."
"That is priceless — just to have those professionals you can pick up the phone and call for advice."
Multidisciplinary team meetings: community health centre with three on-site GPs
"We have team meetings fortnightly and we invite other providers like allied health to come in from different sites."
"Often we'll discuss difficult cases during those meetings or coordinate different tasks between members of the team. Our nurses tend to do a lot of the administrative and coordination working closely with the GPs."
"With the allied health services that are in-house it's a lot easier to have ongoing case discussions in person."
"We've now also added a mental health liaison worker since we found we were struggling to coordinate central intake for mental health clients."
"Now the liaison worker, along with the caseworkers, can help the client and the team work out how to get them to the pharmacy and ensure they turn up at specialists appointments."
"Having our allied health members using the same software as the GPs has made it a lot easier to work together because all the notes are now in the one place."
Working to full scope of practice
A key advantage of the Health Care Homes is the funding flexibility, which does not restrict care delivery to a particular discipline or a specific format.
Practices can make better use of the full range of skills of different team members, including practice nurses, allied health professionals, medical practice assistants and Aboriginal health workers.
Below are some examples of different team members working to their full scope of practice.
Promoting nurse autonomy: practice with seven GPs and two nurses
"Our doctors are happy that the nurses are properly skilled in areas like wound management, immunisations and chronic disease and that they can run these services largely independently."
"Our nurses do a lot of the patient education. All our nurses are immunisation providers, so they are the ones often prompting the GPs and identifying patients for different services. They also do general observations and assessments along the way."
"They tend to take care of everything from updating family history and next of kin, to smoking and alcohol assessments. GPs may skip these areas or not have the time to cover them in detail."
"It's often the practices themselves which shape the scope of their team members. Some practices lean towards more task-oriented, clinical nursing skills like ear syringing and immunisations."
"Our practice is very much about care coordination and chronic disease management. Our nurses are supported to develop these skills and manage their tasks and time independently around these activities."
"We've supported our nurses with additional training so they can provide good care coordination and so they understand behaviour change in particular, because patient knowledge does not equal change behaviour."
"For nurses working in chronic disease, it's really helpful to understand the stages of behaviour change, so they can work alongside somebody, know where they are at, and also know how to support patients and keep them motivated while they're going through those lifestyle changes."
"That's a real skill that nurses can develop. It takes time and practice and a supportive environment, but it's really worth it because we've seen the difference it can make to patient outcomes."
Employing medical practice assistants
"Medical practice assistants can play a significant role in the management of patients with chronic diseases. Medical practice assistants have a formal qualification, which allows them to help both clinically and administratively."
"They can assist with non-invasive clinical procedures like height, weight, BMI and blood sugar levels. They are also trained to help with peak flow, spirometry and simple wound care."
"They can often be a first point of contact which puts them in a position to gain knowledge, trust and understanding of a patient's issues and circumstances. This can assist the GP or nurse with planning care."
Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service: advanced roles for nurses and Aboriginal health workers
"Our nurses and Aboriginal health workers (AHW) do a lot of case management and palliative care. This includes using telemedicine so that the patients can remain on country if they chose to die, rather than have further treatment."
"They practice according to the Central Australian Rural Practitioners Association manual and clinical guidelines. These are the best practice clinical guidelines that registered nurses and AHWs follow to diagnose, treat, prescribe medications, order testing and refer patients."
"They also do INR management, administer thrombolytic therapy and generally manage patients with complex conditions based on the registered care plans created by the doctors."
"Our GPs oversee the medical management of patients, develop complex clinical care plans for other staff to administer, and review patients as referred by other team members when there are concerns with the management or condition of the patient. So the GPs are kind of like the conductor of the orchestra."
Enhanced patient access
An important component of Health Care Homes is the enhanced access offered to enrolled patients both within and outside practice opening hours. Providing timely access to care and health advice can support patients with self-management at home and can help to address issues at an early stage. This prevents escalation of conditions and reduces the need for acute or emergency treatment.
Below are some examples of enhanced patient access.
Nurse triaging and after-hours action plans: practice with five GPs, two nurses, four allied health professionals
"Calls from complex patients will go directly to the nurses. They know the patients and can discuss anything that's going on in the background."
"A nurse might decide that they need to be seen on the same day and then we'll fit them in with both the nurses and the doctors."
"We use a locum service for after hours. If a patient is unstable and we think something might be coming up, we'll also have an after-hours action plan in place."
"We have written plans we can use for things like asthma, angina and other common conditions and we adapt these to meet the particular needs of the patient, which can include other issues as well."
Nurse appointments and home visits: practice with five GPs, two nurses
"We have good relationships with our complex patients. They know that they can come in anytime. They can book an appointment directly with the nurse, even if the doctors are fully booked. We also offer home visits if they need it or if they're unable to physically come to the practice"
Priority access and same-day appointments: practice with four GPs, two nurses
"Our complex patients have priority access to same-day appointments with either the GP or practice nurse. Patient calls are immediately transferred to the nurse or doctor, but if their care provider is unavailable, a return call is made as a matter of priority."
"In some cases, a patient needs a home visit. Depending on the nature of the issue, either the GP or practice nurse make that visit."
"For after hours, we have an on-call roster internally and patients are also provided with a list of external services. They can reach for advice or for emergency situations."
"In the event the patient needs to be transferred to hospital via ambulance, the GP on-call would contact the emergency department to provide them with a clinical handover."
Providing transport: Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service
"We have drivers who will pick up patients and bring them to the practice. The clinic is open during office hours and patients don't need to schedule appointments. They are seen when they come in by an available team member. Home visits are also available if required."
Consumer case study
One in five Australians have at least two chronic health conditions. It can be difficult for these people to get the care they need because of the complex nature of their conditions. Health Care Homes will give patients, doctors and other health professionals a more coordinated way of managing these conditions over the long-term.
In this case study, 68-year-old Claire talks about being a Health Care Home patient.
"I turned 68 last month," says Claire."When you get to my age, the body doesn't work like it used to. I've had a lot of health problems in the past, with my back, my knees and my heart. I have to take tablets every day for my blood pressure."
"I quit smoking five years ago, but I still have breathing problems that won't ever go away."
"My son lives with me, but his work takes him interstate for weeks at a time. It can get really lonely, and I used to worry that I might be unwell and that no one would be there to help me."
"I have a good GP, but I used to go to other clinics if my doctor didn't have any appointments."
"Then a few months ago, my GP told me that I could enrol with his practice and that they would become my Health Care Home. He explained what this meant and what would change. I really liked knowing that all my health was going to be organised and looked after in one place."
Registering for My Health Record
"The nurse told me about My Health Record, the electronic record that's available through Medicare. She helped me to register.""Now I now have all my health information in the one place. That way, if I have other health appointments or if I have to go to hospital, they don't have to worry about chasing different doctors for my file. I have my online record where my doctor can keep my history up to date."
Patient-centred care coordination and enhanced access
"The nurses now call me every four-to-six weeks or more often if I've been unwell.
"They've helped me learn more about my conditions and work out what I can do to stay well. I know that if I have questions, I can just ring them. If they think I need to talk to the doctor, they put him on the phone or book me in to see him that day."
"I haven't had to go to other clinics because I can always get through to the nurses. Sometimes, just that phone call has been enough to reassure me."
"I now have this plan for different symptoms. I feel a lot better with this plan because I know what to look out for. If I'm feeling short of breath, I know what puffer to use, how long to wait and who to call if things aren't getting better."
"Before, if I started to feel crook, I would get really anxious and just ring an ambulance or get my neighbour to drive me to hospital."
Liaising with other health services
"I had an episode recently where I had to go to hospital because my chest was really tight and things weren't getting better with my puffer. The hospital said they would send the notes to my doctor, but when I had my regular call with the nurse a week later, they still hadn't received anything."
"So the nurse got on the phone and chased it up. She then booked me in with my doctor to chat about the new tablets they put me on in hospital. My doctor said I could go back to the tablets I was on before I went to hospital. It was good that he caught it. Otherwise I would have been taking more tablets than I needed to."
Nurse-led coaching sessions
"The nurses run healthy living groups on Thursday afternoons. I go and other patients who are in a similar situation also go along. We talk about goals and what we want to achieve and we support each other."
"A few of us have started a walking group where we meet a couple of times a week to chat and do gentle laps around the park"
"I'm a lot less anxious and I'm more confident about what to look for and what to do if I'm unwell. It's really inspiring me to change things with my health and be more in control."
About Health Care Homes
During the stage one trial, 200 general practices and Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services in ten regions around Australia will start delivering Health Care Homes services. To find out more about Health Care Homes, go to www.health.gov.au/healthcarehomes


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Gladstone Institutes and University of California, San Francisco, researchers have developed a method of reprogramming skin cells into functioning liver cells, according to a study in the journal Nature. Skin cells were reprogrammed into endoderm-like cells using a cocktail of genes and molecules. A new set of genes and molecules was then used to turn those cells into functioning liver cells that were transplanted into the failing livers of mouse models. After two months, an increase in human liver protein levels demonstrated that the cells had matured, and the growth had not stopped through nine months.
Scientists reprogram skin cells into functioning liver cells
SmartBrief Job Listings for Health Care
|Sr. Regulatory Specialist, Biotech Center of Expertise||
BASF, The Chemical Co.
|San Diego, CA|
|Director of Clinical Research||
Regenesis Biomedical, Inc.
Meridian Health Plan
|Assistant Vice President - Dental Director||


MAIT cells are activated during human viral infections.
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are abundant in humans and recognize bacterial ligands. Here, we demonstrate that MAIT cells are also activated during human viral infections in vivo. MAIT cells activation was observed during infection with dengue virus, hepatitis C virus and influenza virus. This activation—driving cytokine release and Granzyme B upregulation—is TCR-independent but dependent on IL-18 in synergy with IL-12, IL-15 and/or interferon-α/β. IL-18 levels and MAIT cell ac...Expand abstract
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Please let us know who else we can work with who practices the Pauling Therapy in the Chicago area.
My Mom is in need of URGENT care.
She has blocked Aortic and Mitral Valves.
Her ejection fraction is 27%.
Her doctor wants to do open Heart surgery to replace both valves (and probably do a coronary artery bypass)
Her main symptom is breathlessness, otherwise she's in very good shape for an 86 year old.
Lately her energy has dropped a bit...
She just began the Cardio-C
I am not sure I understand a "blocked valve". Johnwen?
She must be in good shape at 86 years old if they are considering surgery. Hmmm
Good start with cardio-C - should be at least double dosage and as much vitamin C as you can get her to take. Also, CoQ10 for the low ejection fraction.
I know people who are going for stem cell therapy to increase ejection fraction, but if valve really is issue, might have to undergo surgery.
I would try vitamin K - if calcium is the problem, vitamin K acts as hormone that can move
calcium from soft tissues to bones. See LEF.ORG Super-K product. I'd try to get her on vitamin K.


Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri
3.7 Do Probiotics Work? – Personal Science Guide To The …
What are the benefits of taking probiotics? Bacteria have a reputation for causing disease, so the concept of tossing down a couple of billion a day for your health might seem literally and figuratively tough to swallow. Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri. However a growing body of clinical proof suggests that you can treat and even prevent some health problems with foods and supplements consisting of specific sort of live bacteria.
Probiotic-laced drinks are also industry in Japan. Some digestion disease specialists are advising probiotic supplements for conditions that irritate standard medicine, such as irritable bowel syndrome – Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri. Given that the mid-1990s, scientific studies suggest that probiotic treatment can help treat several intestinal ills, postpone the development of allergic reactions in kids, and deal with and prevent vaginal and urinary infections in ladies.
An estimated 100 trillion bacteria representing more than 500 different species live in every regular, healthy bowel. These microorganisms (or microflora) generally don’t make us sick; the majority of are useful. Gut-dwelling germs keep pathogens (damaging microorganisms) in check, help digestion and nutrient absorption, and add to immune function. Not all probiotics are the exact same.
Best Probiotic Supplements For Men And Women To Improve …
For example, one stress might fight against cavity-causing organisms in our mouths and do not need to survive a journey through our guts. Research has actually been promising for these friendly critters. Possible benefits of probiotics have actually been seen in the treatment or avoidance of irritable bowel syndrome ulcerative colitis Crohn’s illness H. Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri.
The very best case for probiotic treatment has remained in the treatment of diarrhea. Controlled trials have revealed that Lactobacillus GG can reduce the course of infectious diarrhea in babies and children (however not grownups). Although research studies are limited and information are inconsistent, two large reviews, taken together, suggest that probiotics reduce antibiotic-associated diarrhea by 60%, when compared to a placebo.
In a look for studies on the benefits of probiotics in treating constipation, researchers discovered that probiotics slowed “gut transit time” by 12. 4 hours, increases the number of weekly defecation by 1. 3, and assisted to soften stools, making them easier to pass. However the jury is still out on particular suggestions when it pertains to the benefits of probiotics for irregularity. Probiotic treatment may likewise help people with Crohn’s illness and irritable bowel syndrome.
Do Probiotics Really Work? — Get The Dose
Because these conditions are so discouraging to treat, many individuals are offering probiotics a shot before all the proof remains in for the specific stress they’re utilizing. More research is needed to discover out which strains work best for what conditions. Probiotics may also serve in preserving urogenital health.
The dominant Lactobacilli strains normally make it too acidic for harmful bacteria to make it through. However the system can be tossed out of balance by a number of factors, including antibiotics, spermicides, and contraceptive pill. Probiotic treatment that restores the balance of microflora might be practical for such common female urogenital problems as bacterial vaginosis, yeast infection, and urinary system infection.
Oral and vaginal administration of Lactobacilli might assist in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, although there isn’t enough proof yet to recommend it over traditional techniques (Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri). (Vaginosis needs to be treated because it produces a threat for pregnancy-related problems and pelvic inflammatory illness.) Probiotic treatment of urinary tract infections is under research study.
10 Benefits Of Probiotics For Women — What Are Probiotics?
Be sure the components are plainly marked on the label and familiar to you or your health company (Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri). There’s no chance to evaluate the safety of unidentified mixes. In the United States, a lot of probiotics are offered as dietary supplements, which do not go through the screening and approval process that drugs do.
However there’s no assurance that the types of bacteria noted on a label work for the condition you’re taking them for. Health benefits are strain-specific, and not all stress are necessarily helpful, so you might wish to consult a specialist acquainted with probiotics to discuss your choices. As constantly, let your medical care service provider know what you’re doing.
Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, despite date, need to ever be used as a replacement for direct medical suggestions from your physician or other qualified clinician.
What Happens To Your Body When You Start Taking …
Probiotics are so popular today that global sales are over, and only projected to grow. Possibly you’ve attempted a probiotic in the past. Did you question for how long you required to take it? Or if it even worked? With so numerous products to pick from, it can be overwhelming to discover the ideal one.
According to an expert panel of the, manufacturers require to utilize more evidence-based research studies in order to claim health benefits., or in food additives.
Probiotic doses are listed as colony forming systems (CFUs), which indicates the number of live strains in each dose. Various brands will have different recommended dosages and uses, so it is necessary to understand the details noted. Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri. discovered that the kind of microbe stress, health condition, item formula, dose, and the quality of the product are all essential for efficiency.
How Do Probiotics Work? – Chicago Tribune
If you’re taking a probiotic for general gut or immune health, you’ll need to take it awhile to see results. On the other hand, if you’re taking a probiotic for remedy for diarrhea, you may see faster outcomes. For instance, has actually revealed that, when utilized in mix with rehydration treatment, treatment with probiotics can lower the duration and frequency of transmittable diarrhea in as little as 2 days (Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri).
Plus, it was shown that the probiotic drink enhanced the immune system of the individuals by increasing levels of antibodies consisting of s, Ig, A in the gut after 12 weeks – Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri. Yet another discovered that individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) who supplemented with Saccharomyces boulardii for 4 weeks experienced considerable improvements in IBS-related symptoms compared to a control group.
Probiotics do not work for everybody. Your distinct gene makeup, age, health, germs you currently have in your body, and diet all affect how probiotics work. Here are a couple of more reasons why a probiotic might not work: Check out the label and follow the item directions on how to take it.
Probiotics For Dogs – American Kennel Club
Discover the best match based on tested research studies. One of the most significant challenges with probiotics is their delicate nature. They must endure the procedure of production, storage, and your stomach acid in order to be reliable in your intestinal tracts. Humidity, heat, and light can likewise impact probiotics negatively. Some might require to be cooled.
Effectiveness is specific to the pressure and the condition. Probiotics can be discovered in foods such as yogurt, or in dietary supplements, with various popular stress. Although there are numerous claims made by probiotic products, there’s now trustworthy, that certain probiotics like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium (germs), and Saccharomyces boulardii (yeast) are and useful in particular conditions.
The most significant indicate keep in mind for success are the 3 R’s: Probiotics do not work for every disease, so it’s essential to match the symptom to the stress. The pressure matters. (For example, Lactobacillus acidophilus versus Bifidobacterium longum) For best results, pick based upon the supporting the sign. Consult a physician prior to starting a supplement (Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri).
Probiotics: What Can They Help With? – Precision Nutrition
Usually, a dose of 5 billion CFUs or higher was found to be more reliable than lower dosages for dealing with gastrointestinal conditions. Doses differ by brand. Lots of brands have several stress so make certain to read the label carefully. Doses are likewise different for kids and grownups. The most crucial way to ensure the probiotic you pick will work is to discover a respectable brand name and follow the label directions recommended on how to take it.
Producers are continuously attempting to enhance probiotic efficiency by utilizing different approaches such as microencapsulation to secure probiotics from the environment, increasing opportunities of survival and effectiveness. For a probiotic to work for you, it must be: Choose one that reveals proof of effectiveness. Check out labels and shop as the label states (refrigeration, space temperature level, etc.).
The probiotic must be able to survive the journey through stomach acid and bile and colonize your gut. A typical label will have the name of the specific probiotic (such as Lactobacillus acidophilus), the dose in CFU, an expiration date, and instructions for use and storage.
Probiotics – Nhs
Prevent items that list expiration as “time of manufacture.” The cultures might not be active or be less than listed by the time you buy it. With numerous probiotic items on the market today, it can be puzzling to select the finest one for you (Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri). The World Gastroenterology Company Global Standards has assembled a comprehensive list of evidence-based conditions that probiotics can assist.
Read the label thoroughly to discover the ideal strain, dosage, how to take it, expiration date, and how to keep. Here’s an example from ISAPP of what to look for in a label. For specific people, probiotics are not the right choice. Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri. Make certain to go over taking any supplements with your physician initially.
By Serena Gordon, THURSDAY, Sept. 6, 2018 (Health, Day News)– They’re sold everywhere, however can probiotics– the good germs found in some foods like yogurt and in supplements– really assist bring back digestive health? Maybe, however just for some individuals, brand-new research study suggests (Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri). The Israeli researchers found that some people’s gastrointestinal systems held on to the probiotics offered in a supplement.
The Benefits Of Probiotics – Improving Our Immune & Digestive …
And, in a 2nd research study, the exact same team discovered that when brought with a course of antibiotics, probiotics might really delay gut bacteria from going back to normal. Senior study author Dr. Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri. Eran Elinav said the findings suggest that more caution is needed when using probiotics, and that there shouldn’t be a “one-size-fits-all” method to probiotic supplements.
Probiotics are live microorganisms, often germs, believed to have advantageous health effects, according to the U.S. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)., liver illness and even the common cold.
Yet, probiotic supplements are preferred. In a 2012 study, about 4 million Americans said they had used a probiotic or prebiotic (dietary compounds that encourage the growth of advantageous bacteria) supplement in the previous month, according to the NCCIH. Elinav stated that making use of probiotics ought to go through the same scrutiny as other medical treatments (Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri).
A Healthful Dose Of Bacteria — Yogurt Is The Best Probiotic …
The very first study done by Elinav and his team consisted of 25 volunteers. Fifteen people from that group were then arbitrarily placed into two groups for four weeks.
The 2nd group was offered a placebo. After three weeks, they were offered another endoscopy and colonoscopy to see what modifications, if any, had actually happened in the microbiome. Those getting the probiotics had 2 various responses to the supplements. One group– dubbed persisters– permitted the probiotic microbes to start a business in their gastrointestinal system.
The researchers stated they can inform from a person’s microbiome and gene expression profile whether or not they are a persister or resister. In the second study, the scientists looked at whether or not probiotic supplements might assist bring back the natural microbiome after a course of antibiotics (Best Probiotic Supplements . L Reuteri). The study consisted of 21 people assigned to one of three groups: a watch-and-wait group that let their microbiome recover on its own; a probiotic group offered an 11-strain supplement for four weeks; and a third group treated with a fecal transplant, using their own bacteria gathered prior to using the antibiotic.


Focus on the relationship.
Mis-perceptions of addiction, and an overemphasis of drugs, combined with the undervaluing of relationships, majorly impact the outcomes in treating addiction.
In drug use addiction, the drug often overshadows the importance of relationships in any form of recovery. Evolving historical beliefs about substance use frighten people. Society does this on a large scale, by throwing people addicted to drugs in jail and calling it reform. Commonly family’s action responds from a reactive and fear-based state and punishes or tries to control the user. Both approaches miss the point entirely, and neither is supportive or fostering progressive change. Society completely misunderstands substance use and substance users. As a substance abuse counselor who works intimately with society’s most marginalized addicts, I’d like to offer an alternative perspective.
Narrow views of substance use often focus on substance as a form of avoidance, with an underlying shame towards the user. Focusing solely on the drug user’s harmful coping mechanisms usually leaves the idea of substance use with a nasty flavor in our mouths, and furthers judgment towards the users.
While there is significant escapism in drug use, it is only one part of a very complex equation. Many people escape from difficulty feelings all the time, some in more fashionable ways. We tend to rate addictions hierarchically based on a number of factors including, how much harm is caused, and if some corporation profited off of the use. No one ever got thrown in jail because they were addicted to their smartphone or ate too much sugar; many people don’t stage interventions with friends about how much coffee they are drinking. In the drama of society’s problems, illicit drugs are the scapegoat.
As a psychotherapist at a substance use treatment problem, I work with people addicted to illicit drugs. All of my clients have used opiates like heroin, oxycontin, or fentanyl, and many have used stimulants like methamphetamine or cocaine or alcohol to self-medicate their depression, anxiety, abuse, trauma, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Clients often talk about the judgment from family members, peers, and primary care doctors; they even get judged while in recovery. Many families have adopted society’s views towards drug use, and as a result, struggle to understand the complexities of how their loved one is struggling with addiction. Worse, many clients in treatment adopt this judgment towards themself, which makes a recovery a bit more isolating, and strenuous.
No matter where they are in their recovery, clients often make sure to hide aspects of their past or current use from their social circle. It was as if their addiction was a dark cloud hanging over them that needed to stay in the closet of their lives.
Listening to client’s share their family’s views of their use, treatment, and recovery, saddened me. I witnessed clients working towards recovery, finding difficulty addressing their shame, only to be re-triggered by their family’s dysfunctional belief system. Misunderstanding substance use leads to stigma, resulting in a hindrance to recovery.
While often well-intentioned, those in relationship with substance abusers often have difficulty managing their anxiety and shame, and project their fear onto the person addicted. Loved ones can sometimes shame or try to gain control over drug use and the user. Even if they share the intention to find a way out of the drug-use cycle, these attempts at shame and control often lead a person to use more. Neither side wins, and the pattern continues.
We cannot solve the problem with the same approach that created it, and so more understanding of substance use on a collective level is necessary for any real reform to occur. Broadening our understanding of addiction and drug use is a critical first step, especially while battling the opioid epidemic. We can all do our part to understand addiction better.
A significant part of healing in recovery is the support and relationship around the user, and an overconcentration on the drug sidesteps this fact. If you know and care about someone who is battling addiction, offer a different kind of assistance by considering a new perspective:
Understand that addiction and substance abuse is an attempt to coping with pain.
Coping mechanisms are our outlets when we need to manage painful physical or emotional sensations. Have a headache? You could take an aspirin or drink some water; If you feel sluggish in the morning, you might get a boost of energy from caffeine. Stressed after a long day, you might have a drink or decide to exercise. Homeless and concerned about sleeping on the street? A stimulant might do the trick to keep you awake all night. All are varying degrees of coping mechanisms. If we recognize that there is pain involved in addiction, we are more likely to bring a compassionate understanding of the struggle of conflict with the person who is abusing drugs. When we focus on the drug as a problem, we lose sight of how it is a medicine.
People who use substances are navigating a way to manage their emotional pain, often in isolation, and without support. The escape into the drug is self-soothing. It allows the user to avoid the pain that might come without the narcotic.
Shifting your perspective and understanding about drug use and addiction will be a significant step towards helping people in addiction or recovery.
Take the focus off the drug and put it on your relationship.
I work at a medication-assisted-treatment (MAT) program, and at the beginning of treatment, I focus on getting to know my clients as human beings. Using a humanistic, harm-reduction approach, I have no overt or covert views of their use. I don’t attempt to gain control over their use or tell them to stop. I know these attempts would be futile and hinder our relationship. I’m especially mindful of any power dynamics; I focus on creating a relationship where they can talk openly about their use.
I investigate client’s use with them by asking them, “How does use help you?” “When do you feel the need to use? and “What does the drug give you that you can’t find anywhere else?” These questions surprise my clients because not only have they not heard this question before, many have not considered the thought themselves. They often know they are finding relief, but many hadn’t pondered from what? A drive for relief tells us that something is needing to be relieved.
I aim to create a space where clients can trust that I intend to engage in a collaborative relationship with them, not to change their use, but to understand it better. My purpose here is the relationship paired with safety; my goal is not to alter their use but to work with them to understand their use and find safe practices. This approach offers a place where clients end up reducing or abstaining from harmful practices on their own.
After they feel they can trust me to be honest about themselves, clients start relying on me more, disclosing their deeper struggles, and finding healthier practices in other parts of their lives. With this trust, we can talk openly about any cravings, and consider the outcome if they act on their impulse. Through the relationship, we create a space to think through their feelings and reactions to those feelings.
Whenever we heal something, be it a physical wound or an emotional heartache, it comes from the recovery environment. Offering an emotionally, safe, and respectful relationship can help people struggling with substance use and addiction recovery much faster.
Focusing more on the relationship in addiction recovery will often breed much more positive and safer outcomes. We cannot shame or punish anything into sustainable recovery, especially something like substance use addiction, which originated out of shame. We must shine light into the spaces that are frightening and traditionally dark. We can do this to some extent on our own, and we can do it in relationships with one another.
Recovery is the process of regaining something that was lost. In terms of substance use addiction, the primary aspect that needs to recover is a loving and supportive relationship. With love, acceptance, and curiosity, healing can happen in relationships, and finding relief in potentially life-threatening ways is less necessary.
3 thoughts on “How to help an addict”
What a great read! Thank you for the reframe and for expanding my knowledge. Your clients are lucky to have your support.
I want to comment mostly because your post moved me to tears. I am with a severe cocaine/crack addict which feels like there is no hope in sight. My extremely low self-esteem keeps me in this relationship even when he bullies me, verbally abuses me to get money from me. I’ve done the worst thing a partner of an addict could do, and that’s use it WITH him – it was a horrible decision to make but I felt since I was getting bullied out of my money, using with him will at least get me high and I will have something worth the money I spent –
Everyone has advised me to leave him – he’ll get help or whatever – but I can tell from your article, and the compassionate approach you take, abandoning him now and throwing him back into the same broken mental health system in which punishment and incarceration is common and leaving him back in the hands of his mother will fuel him even more to get high or worse yet suicide.
I am no angel myself, I have bipolar disorder, (which is something that was forced on me when I was 24), my drug of choice is alcohol and I spent most of my young years drunk out of my mind, and when I was depressed and went to a psychiatrist he threw Lexapro at me without even caring, so of course when I took them with alcohol it was in and out of the hospital with the bipolar curse slapped to my name when in all my life I never experienced mania or delusions or whatever nonsense that DSM wants to compartmentalize me into.
Anyway, we met in a psych ward so that was the first red flag – that was my second long term hospitalization in two years, and when I left my alcoholism was miraculously controlled, and having such passionate love in my life propelled me into long awaited success – new car, new job, new apartment all came from the drive that was inspired in me from this man I love.
But boy, is his addiction severe – and when I started doing it with him it was so much worse. We’ve just come off an almost $1000 spending binge in which my bank account is now -$700 and the $159.25 that comes from my unemployment will be eaten up for more than three weeks. I am powerless and it hurts.
Thank you so much for your comment and for sharing your story here. It’s clear how brave and self-curious you are and is likely is one of your greatest assets thus far in life.
My compassionate approach towards substance use does not mean tolerating all kinds of behavior and staying in a relationship with people who harm you. An essential component in any healthy relationship, whether in addiction or not, is boundaries and interpersonal needs for safety and respect. Sadly, this is not how most of our relationships have looked. Sometimes people in the middle of their addiction don’t see their impact on others. Until they do, recovery cannot happen.
It’s essential to hold your boundaries by recognizing you are not responsible for saving him, using with him, or making him stop. From what you share here, I imagine that staying with him furthers your low self-worth because you feel dependent on him to change for you to feel better about the situation. It sounds as if you’re drowning inside the cycle of spending, binging, and using, and you’d like something to change.
It might serve you more to shift your focus off of him and shine some light on yourself. It is a difficult shift when you already feel depressed and don’t like yourself very much. By redirecting the energy you’re currently putting into him, back towards you, and you will no longer feel powerless.
You are responsible for investigating your personal needs and setting limits with him around them. If you do not want to use cocaine, you have to stand by that, regardless of what he does to make you feel as if you have to use. You have to take that risk and choose yourself.
There is an opportunity here for you. Consider finding a solid psychotherapist or counselor to help better understand yourself, and your own needs. Needs that have already been ignored and dismissed in your past. Your resilience thus far can carry your forward. There’s more to uncover and recover in yourself. Choose you.


I received my Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology at Kent State University in 1997, completed an internship at the University of Minnesota in 1997, and a post-doctoral fellowship in Pediatric Neuropsychology at the University of Minnesota in 1999. I am a Professor in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and the Director of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research. I am also an adjunct faculty member in the Department of Psychology.
For more than 20 years, I have run a Child and Adolescent Neuropsychology Clinic in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences where I see patients with a variety of neurodevelopmental, neurological, and psychiatric conditions. I also train graduate students and clinical psychology interns in the practice of child and adolescent neuropsychology. My clinical interests include neuropsychological evaluation of children with neurological and psychiatric disorders, consultation with schools regarding academic programming and modifications, and clinical training.
My primary research interest is in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). I direct the University's FASD Research Program. I conduct advanced neuroimaging studies in FASD in conjunction with the University's Laboratory for Neuropsychiatric Imaging. My research group is part of the Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (CIFASD) and is involved in CIFASD's ongoing multi-site imaging, neurobehavioral, genetic, facial dysmorphology, and intervention projects. In addition, I conduct randomized controlled trials of nutritional supplementation in children with FASD - the goal of which is to develop a treatment for the neurodevelopmental aspects of the disorder. I am also conducting a trial of cognitive training and transcranial direct current stimulation in children and adolescents with FASD.
I also have a general interest in psychometrics and have been involved in the development of several neuropsychological instruments, including infant development and visual-perceptual processing measures. I am a member of the International Neuropsychological Society, Research Society on Alcoholism, and the past President of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Study Group (FASDSG). I serve as a reviewer for a number of journals including JINS: the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Child Neuropsychology, Pediatric Psychology, ACER: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, and Development and Psychopathology, among others. I am also a longstanding member of our Clinical Psychology internship's Training Committee.
- Neuropsychology (especially child and adolescent)
- Cognitive measurement
- Clinical trials
- Study design
- Data analysis
(for academic support only)
In the Media
- 2023: Dr. Wozniak and his lab are spotlighted in this article titled, “Research team working on fetal alcohol syndrome disorders treatment, prevention.
- 2022: Featured in this piece titled, “Faculty member finds that working in an area that helps kids with FASDs is ‘pretty powerful’”.
- 2020: Dr. Wozniak’s research on Choline Supplementation as a Neurodevelopmental Intervention in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) was featured in an article titled, “'U' Announces Breakthrough Study On Treating Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders”.


In recent years, there has been increasing concern regarding the overprescribing of opioids and associated harms. The RDTC has produced a series of publications as part of the Polypharmacy and Overprescribing theme reviewing opioid prescribing:
Each publication includes considerations and interventions for medicines optimisation teams and health systems. To avoid duplication across this series of overprescribing and polypharmacy opioid publications, the suggested actions have only been listed in the most relevant theme but may apply across all. We recommend reading all parts of the series sequentially to ensure the breadth of potential actions are known. The publications can be accessed using the links below:
PPH 3. Polypharmacy & Overprescribing: Opioid patient populations:
This publication aims to support greater understanding of the patient populations prescribed opioids and the inter-relationships and dependencies between prescribing and the available metrics.
PPH 4. Polypharmacy & Overprescribing: Opioid patient demographics:
This publication aims to support greater understanding of the demographics of the patient populations prescribed opioids.
PPH 5. Opioid population health management:
This publication aims to support greater understanding of the population health management of patients prescribed opioids, specifically in terms of deprivation level and the impact on sustainability and climate change.
This a new RDTC publication to aid clinical decision making when choosing the most appropriate DOAC for an individual patient with atrial fibrillation.
It has been prepared in response to the NHSE England National Procurement and Commissioning Recommendations published in January 2022.
This publication was updated in August 2022 to update guidance on use of DOACs in patients with AF with prosthetic heart valves. Further information was also added about use in extremes of bodyweight.
Prescribing support newsletters aim to inform readers of work done by the unit and work in progress, to help tailor local work plans and highlight any ‘topical’ issues in prescribing or medicines management.
If you have any suggestions for future topics for the newsletter, then please contact email@example.com
This month’s edition covers how the RDTC can support stakeholder organisations, our recent publications, and the prescribing support workplan. It also has features on post exposure prophylaxis for chickenpox and shingles, the national flu immunisation programme 2022-23, inadvertent oral administration of potassium permanganate, the CVD eLearning programme, WHO changes to the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis, and sources of information on menopause and HRT availability.
Each year the RDTC considers the information published in the SPS Prescribing Outlook series, and from this information highlights developments that are likely to have significant impact on primary care prescribing budgets, over the coming 12 – 15 months.
The RDTC takes the SPS Cost Calculator and aids in filters to calculate totals for each of its stakeholder ICS and CCGs.
A Key Considerations Document accompanies the Cost Calculator detailing the key messages, summarising the current prescribing budget position, and suggesting proposed uplifts to prescribing budgets for the next financial year.
This is supplemented throughout the year with the RDTC Monthly Horizon Scanning series, which provides a more accurate monthly account of the impact of new medicines and recommendations as they publish.
There are five regional versions of this publication. These can all be found on the Annual Horizon Scanning Report page


Individuals utilize due to the privacy, Online Marriage Counseling Free Online Marriage Counseling Chat benefit, and the fact that the cost is less than going to a traditional therapist’s office. Some want to utilize the service, however question if’s a rip-off or if they use professional, certified therapists.
If you’ve been questioning, “Is legit?” you’ll more than happy to understand that all their therapists are certified, certified experts. You might likewise be amazed at the charges and how much therapy they cover.
expenses almost $240-$ 360 per month. That has to do with $60-$ 90 weekly. For this fee, you access both call and live sessions. The rate isn’t even depending on your specific concern, but rather your place and therapist readily available.
That’s an extremely welcome advancement in the mental health space since even today, mental health services are thought about an opportunity for those with the monetary means. One common in-person therapy session can easily cost you $200 if not more, and many insurer will not help, either.
The prohibitive expense of a regular therapist is one of the reasons the creators began the business.
Is BetterHelp a good online therapy service?
Online therapy might be worth thinking about if you feel like your psychological health is suffering. You can satisfy a therapist once or twice weekly, and as a user, you set the time. We evaluate the advantages of this distinct arrangement listed below:
Licensed Therapists Available
has a remarkable roster of recognized counselors and therapists with differing specializeds. All of them have passed their state policies and needed education requirements. Each therapist features 3 years of expert experience consisting of 1,000 medical hours at minimum.
As a user, makes it easy as they match you with a therapist specializing in your specific psychological health concern. Visits are set up at any date hassle-free to you.
Available Virtual Sessions
Online therapy saves you a great deal of time, whether you pick to satisfy a therapist from home, at the workplace, or when waiting for your kid to finish their afternoon activities. When you most need them without suffering long waiting lines, you also have the high-end of setting up conferences.
You can examine the offered conference choices from including weekly live video sessions or chat meetings, or perhaps a mix of the two depending on what works best with your schedule.
Connect to a Therapist Quickly
The professionals at don’t advise signing up for the intake procedure if you or a friend are in a psychological health crisis circumstance with little space to extra. It may take too long to schedule your live sessions.
Instead of the regular online counseling, in such a case, the website has a special list of resources for those in an emergency situation. If someone remains in instant threat, please call your regional emergency hotline or any of the numbers listed below:
What is BetterHelp and how does it work?
As soon as your therapist and you have been matched, things will probably move promptly. You and your therapist might be in the very same time zone, but perhaps not. Online Marriage Counseling Free Online Marriage Counseling Chat
Your therapist might offer you a worksheet before your very first visit to help you decide what you wish to leave your sessions. This will help you in selecting the main objectives that you can aim towards throughout the course of treatment. Setting these objectives will not just assist your counselor understand what type of help you require, however it will also make you more conscious of your own needs. Keeping these goals in the back of your mind will make it much easier for you to aim toward them throughout every element of your daily life, not simply during sessions.
A lot! The platform can match you with a therapist to help you with whatever from the quarantine blues to continuous mental health issues.
The short list of’s locations of competence:
Various counselors have various approaches, so if you’re not vibing with your first match, do not fret. You can swap therapists at any time.
Keep in mind, the therapists can’t use you a medical diagnosis. However they * can * offer expert care and support that goes beyond just listening. One research study found that users experienced fewer signs of anxiety after utilizing the website.
A review of 6 more research studies recommends that online therapy in general has a significant favorable result on mental health.
Where can I contact BetterHelp?
Economical treatment delivered digitally– Try
Pick from’s huge network of therapists for your treatment requires. Take a test, get matched, and begin getting assistance through safe phone or video sessions. Strategies start at $60 per week + an extra 20% off.
‘s rates can vary from $45 to $120 each week, but you can typically expect to pay $60 to $80 each week. Your rate will depend upon your place, billing frequency, and therapist schedule. You can cancel anytime.
Insurance coverage isn’t normally compatible with the platform. Even if your strategy does not cover it, might still be more affordable than the co-pay you ‘d pay an in-person therapist in your network. To find out, contact your insurance company directly.
Here’s a summary of how works:
You submit an online questionnaire to provide information to match you with a therapist.
You pay a flat regular monthly rate for unlimited counseling gain access to. (We’ll enter the cost information a little further down.).
You interact with your therapist by video conference, phone, live chat, or messaging over their site or mobile app.
You can ask for a brand-new one at any time if your therapist isn’t a fit.


Many couples deal with infertility, and if you’re having trouble getting pregnant, there are a few things you should know. Infertility in women is characterized as the failure to reproduce after one year of attempting, or six months for women 35 and older. Infertility is described as the loss of a pregnancy or multiple miscarriages in a woman. It’s best to meet under those circumstances.
In such cases, it is recommended that you see a doctor for Female Infertility Treatment. If you have a history of prolonged menstrual periods, vaginal inflammations, or endometriosis, you should seek medical help sooner rather than later.
Symptoms of Female Infertility
As previously stated, becoming pregnant or carrying a stable baby entails several procedures, and something that goes wrong during this phase will result in infertility.
The failure to conceive is the most common symptom of infertility.
- Irregular menstrual cycle
- Severe pain during menstruation
- Skin issues, facial hair development, and obesity are several other
When do you get tested for infertility?
- If you’re under 35, you should search for a baby for at least a year before seeing a doctor.
- If you’re 35 to 40 years old, continue to conceive for six months before seeing a doctor.
- If you’re over 40, it’s a good idea to get checked out straight away and undergo any scans and treatments.
Treatment Options for Female Infertility
- IUI (intrauterine insemination)
- In vitro fertilization (IVF)
- ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection)
A qualified doctor may assist you in determining the proper diagnosis and care. Dr. Sonali Gupta, a Fertility & IVF specialist in Delhi NCR, can help you with this.


CARLSBAD, Calif. (CBS.MW) -- Investors propelled The Immune Response Corp.'s stock up 30 percent Thursday after the biopharmaceutical company announced it has received two patents related to immunotherapeutics for treating AIDS and other retroviral diseases.
The company imnr develops immune-based therapies to induce specific T-cell responses for the treatment of HIV and autoimmune diseases and also is working on cancer vaccines and gene therapy.
The Carlsbad, Calif. based company obtained two patents for the prevention and treatment of retroviral diseases, such as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
"We believe that the scope of these patents places the Company in a strong intellectual property position in the field of retroviral vaccine research. This is a position we vigorously intend to protect," said Dennis J. Carlo, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer.
Retroviruses are viruses containing RNA as their genetic material, many of which cause disease. HIV is a retrovirus that causes AIDS.
The company has previously been issued five other patents, which were related to the use of REMUNE, an immune-based therapy.
Shares rose 2 1/2 to close at 10 15/16.


Quitting smoking is one of the most common New Year’s resolutions. And for many smokers who resolve to quit smoking, it all too often ends up on their list of resolutions the next year, and the next year, and so on. Let’s face it – quitting smoking is not an easy thing to do.
There are many methods to help you quit smoking such as nicotine gum, nicotine patches, going cold turkey, and even hypnosis. While all of these methods have their merits, there’s no 100% fool-proof way to quit smoking, and many smokers find themselves back to their old habits. However, many smokers are now starting to use electronic cigarettes to help them quit smoking and are reporting great success with it.
The reasons why electronic cigarettes have had a good success rate, in contrast to the other methods mentioned above, are plentiful. For starters, the thing that smokers miss the most about their old pack of cigarettes is the act of smoking. You don’t get that muscle memory with nicotine patches or gum, but with electronic cigarettes you get the familiar feeling of putting the cigarette to your mouth, taking an inhalation and filling up your lungs, and letting out a big exhale.
E-cigarettes look and act in a very similar fashion to traditional cigarettes. They are made up of two pieces, a battery and cartridge, that screw together. You put the fully-assembled e-cig to your mouth and inhale through it much like you do with a regular cigarette. You get that same muscle memory of a traditional cigarette, bringing a familiarity to former smokers that provides comfort.
Another reason why smokers are turning to electronic cigarettes to help them quit smoking is because of the varied levels of nicotine available in e-cig cartridges. Cartridges are available in a range of nicotine content – you can use high nicotine cartridges, medium nicotine content, low nicotine content and even cartridges with zero nicotine. The advantage of this is you can use the cartridges to gradually wean yourself off of a nicotine habit. If you are a longtime smoker you can start with cartridges with high nicotine content. After a period of time, you can step down to a medium content cartridge, until eventually you are comfortable to step down to low nicotine cartridges and ultimately no nicotine at all. This gradual stepping down of nicotine intake is certainly much easier on the smoker than if they were to quit cold turkey, which can be a nightmare for a heavy smoker.
If you have had a hard time with quitting smoking by going cold turkey, using nicotine patches or gum, there is still a light at the end of the tunnel. Give electronic cigarettes a try. You still get your nicotine dose and that familiar act of smoking, without any of the mess as well as the harmful tobacco and carcinogens found in traditional cigarettes. If they worked for me, a former longtime smoker myself, they are certainly worth a try yourself.


Dr. Wong's Notes: Systemic enzymes control inflammation, prevent excess scar tissue formation. Magnesium lowers muscular spasm and helps prevent contracture. Zinc, the essential mineral building block for epithelial tissue, (ie: skin, eyes internal organs). Essentials for making hormones. Andeanessence Maxx™ to help make testosterone which speeds healing.
Dr. Wong's Suggested Protocol:
Zymessence®: 2 or 3 capsules taken in between meals 3 times daily.


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January 16, 2020
Fortress Biotech's partner Cyprium Therapeutics’ has received Rare Pediatric Disease Designation from the FDA for its Menkes treatment.
July 4, 2019
We're halfway through the year, which means it's time to reflect on the top performing NASDAQ pharma stocks year-to-date.
April 3, 2019
The first quarter of the year is over, which means it's time to reflect on the top performing pharma stocks...
February 12, 2019
Fortress Biotech (NASDAQ: FBIO) has announced it completed the second and final stage of the previously-announced sale of its remaining holdings of...
February 10, 2019
Melinta Therapeutics, BioXcel Therapeutics, Eyenovia, Forward Pharma and Trevena were last week's top gainers.
September 7, 2018
Checkpoint Therapeutics released preliminary results for its clinical trial on Thursday, but investors are not sharing the enthusiasm.


On the 17th of October 2013, COFEPRIS issued a press release informing on a new agreement of cooperation between the health authorities of Mexico and Costa Rica that will allow the recognition of drug registrations approved by COFEPRIS, by Costa Rica.
Federal Commissioner Mikel Arriola, head of COFEPRIS, remarked that the subscription to this agreement is possible today thanks to the international certification of the Mexican Health Agency as National Regulatory Agency of Regional Reference, awarded last year by the Pan American Health Authorization (PAHO).
This is one of the first steps towards harmonization of drug and vaccine registration in the region, which will promote commerce and enhance collaboration.
This agreement will also allow professionals of COFEPRIS to help the General Direction of Health, HA of Costa Rica, towards the achievement of the PAHO certification. This recognition is awarded after a thorough evaluation of the agencies’ performance of basic functions for ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of medicines in the country. The assessment is based on recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) for strengthening the regulatory bodies.


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Can lisinopril give u a false positive on a drug test?
Question posted by Crysti81 on 19 May 2013
Last updated on 30 June 2013 by traumanurse
Absolutely not, it has no properties that would show up in a drug screen. A false positive is just that, a positive result for something that has not been taken.
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Now that semi-automatic home blood pressure machines are so affordable, many people keep a close eye on their blood pressure (BP) readings at home.
Do we really need to take home BP readings?
There are some advantages:
How reliable are they?
Even in the healthcare setting it is thought that automated pressures are less reliable and generally underestimate compared to manual blood pressure readings taken with a stethoscope and sphygmomanometer. If you are worried about the accuracy of a machine, you can take your machine with you on your next GP visit and test it against a manual BP reading.
What do those figures really mean?
The word systole derives from the Greek ‘to contract’ and the word diastole from the Greek ‘to dilate’. The systolic BP is a measure of the pressure of blood ejected against the artery wall when the heart contracts and is always the higher figure. The lower figure is the diastolic BP which is the resting pressure while the heart is filling.
These pressures are measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg) and are written as a fraction e.g.120/80 with the systolic blood pressure on the top and the diastolic pressure on the bottom.
Why do my blood pressure readings fluctuate?
Our BP varies throughout the day depending on what we are doing. At rest or when we are asleep our BP can drop 10-20mmHg. Your heart does not need to work as hard so it should be within the normal range. People who suffer from insomnia or snore heavily and suffer from obstructive sleep apnoea are the exceptions with studies showing that their BP levels do not dip at night, so they may have raised blood pressures over 24 hours which puts a greater strain on the heart.
When you are physically active your heart needs to pump harder and faster to meet the oxygen demands of your muscles and your BP rises. While BP rises during exercise, blood vessels dilate during the recovery phase and blood pressure is lower if taken after exercise. Readings taken after drinking coffee and smoking will be dramatically elevated and eating a meal that is high in salt, saturated fat or carbohydrates will raise BP. BP can also rise transiently due to anxiety, stress and excitement.
The action of your antihypertensive (blood pressure lowering) tablets will also contribute to fluctuations in your BP readings. The medications begin to work about 1 hour after taking the tablet and peaks anywhere from 4 to 15 hours later. After that, the effect of the medication slowly decreases until it is time for the next dose.
How many readings should I take?
This should be determined by why you are taking your blood pressure in the first place. If your GP has asked you to monitor, they may have specific times or situations they want you to check. If you are getting a snap shot of your blood pressure over a week, a good pattern is to do at least 12 to 14 BP measurements, with both morning and evening readings over one week. After that the frequency would depend on how stable your BP is and whether there has been any change in your medications.
Blood pressure readings can change over the day and under different circumstances. If you get dramatically fluctuating results it is a good idea to take notes about what you were doing before the test to make it easier for a doctor to see if the changes are appropriate or not.
For more information about taking your BP at home see the fact sheet on Blood Pressure on our website http://www.healthylivingnt.org.au/content/?id=128
High blood pressure treatment usually involves making lifestyle changes and if necessary, taking antihypertensive medications. Lifestyle changes for high blood pressure include:
Achieving and maintaining good blood pressure control can minimise the risk of heart disease. While it is not necessary to own a BP machine, for some it contributes to greater self management of their condition. Take a reasonable amount of readings at morning and night over a week to arrive at an average figure that can be trusted as your true blood pressure reading.
If you have any questions regarding if you should monitor your BP at home, or worried about readings you have done, speak to your GP or cardiac educator.


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Welcome to my Web page. I am happy to have this chance to introduce myself to you and tell you about my practice. I feel very fortunate to work at Kaiser Permanente with wonderful colleagues and patients, and I look forward to working with you to care for your health.
I was born and raised in the South Bay and love the area. After living in Chicago during my college and medical school years, I returned to Southern California for residency training and have been working at Kaiser Permanente South Bay since September 2004. I decided to pursue a career in medicine because I wanted my work to be meaningful. I wanted to be able to make a real difference in people's lives, and practicing medicine gives me that opportunity.
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I feel that healthy living and preventive care are the best ways to stay healthy, but I am also here to help you when you are sick. I want to be your partner in health, and it helps me better care for you when you are actively involved in taking care of your health. I work in both the clinic and hospital setting. About eight times per year, I spend five days working in the hospital taking care of hospitalized patients. This means that I am not in clinic as much as many other doctors, but I believe that continuing to care for sick, hospitalized patient enhances my ability to care for patients in the clinic setting.
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I firmly believe in a healthy lifestyle and try to live it in my daily life. My family is most important to me. I work part time and generally see patients in my clinic three and a half days per week, allowing me time to spend with my family. I greatly enjoy the splendor of nature and being outdoors. I especially love hiking along the bluffs of Palos Verdes, and jogging and rollerblading by the beach.


I also had a breech baby and a c-section, 2 years later had a successful hospital VABC. With that, you are an excellent candidate for a VBAC, however sometimes it's difficult finding an OB that is supportive. There are just as many risks in having a repeat c-section than having a vaginal birth, research will show you. We have an awesome VBAC support group here on Baby Center! There are lots of moms that can give you scientific research there :)
It all depends on how much scar tissue you had from the first c-section and if there were any complications from it. I had an infection and had a lot of scar tissue so I HAD to have a c-section each additional pregnancy.
No, if you have a c-section for breech presentation your odds are as good as a first time mom for a vaginal delivery. What you need to do is find a provider and hospital that are supportive of your choice to have a VBAC. They can't force you to have a repeat c-section, and there are risks and complications for a c-section as much as there are from a vaginal delivery....even a VBAC. Do you research. There is a great VBAC support forum on here and they have tons of great information.
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