"A community can believe that abortions are not happening in their cities if no abortion clinic is present, but if Plan B is sold in pharmacies, then abortions are in fact happening every day."
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WE AFFIRM THIS ECP STATEMENT...
Emergency Contraception: A Position Statement
Biblical Ethics of Life
For a culture, city, or state to truly value life, the protection of pre-born children must extend beyond abortion clinics to hospitals, outpatient facilities, and pharmacies. We assert that human life begins at conception, or fertilization. We believe that God is actively creating all human life within a mother’s womb (Psalm 139:13). We also believe that human life has intrinsic value, since we are created in the image of God (Genesis 1:27). Therefore, life at all stages is to be valued and protected at all costs. From a Christian worldview, abortion and abortive medications end valuable human lives that have been created by God and in God’s image.
Since life indeed begins at conception, it behooves medical professionals to protect this life. The Hippocratic Oath, which is still widely revered by physicians today, states “I will do no harm or injustice” (North, 2002). The American Nurses Association (ANA) states that, “the nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and unique attributes of every person” (ANA, 2015, p. v). The American Pharmacists Association (APhA) oath states, “I will apply my knowledge, experience, and skills to the best of my ability to assure optimal outcomes for my patients” (APhA, 2016). Physicians, nurses, and pharmacists are committed to the safety and ethical treatment of all human life. This includes life at all stages. Therefore, any drug or procedure that could potentially end the life of a fertilized egg should not be available in stores, clinics, or hospitals.
The Science of Pregnancy and Emergency Contraception
Emergency contraception is a class of medications or interventions that seeks to prevent pregnancy after sexual intercourse. Pregnancy depends on a physiologic balance of hormones, two of which are estrogen and progesterone. These hormones are the main targets of emergency contraception pills. In the late 1960s, high-dose estrogens such as diethylstilbestrol were the primary means of emergency contraception. This treatment was replaced in the 1970s by combination high dose progestin/estrogens like ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel. Further options like copper intra-uterine devices (IUDs) in the 1970s and mifepristone in the 1980s became available. These latter interventions are considered by the wider medical community to be abortive in nature. However, recently progestin-only pills like Plan B and a selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) called Ella have been approved for use in emergency contraception. Whereas copper IUD’s and mifepristone are seen as abortive, the potentially abortive nature of Ella and Plan B have been subject to much debate.
To review the mechanism of action, Copper IUD’s create a local inflammatory reaction in the uterus that is intended to prevent sperm from fertilizing an egg. However, it can also prevent implantation of a fertilized egg due to the inflammation created by this local reaction. Mifepristone is a progesterone antagonist that acts by inhibiting the growth of the endometrium, thus preventing implantation. In the case of mifepristone, it can cause degeneration of the existing endometrium and induce abortion of the implanted embryo. Therefore, mifepristone is used in combination with misoprostol for chemical abortions. Ella works in similar fashion by competitively blocking progesterone action – albeit in smaller dosages. Thus, Ella is abortive in nature.
Plan B works by a different mechanism with the stated intention of preventing fertilization and thickening the cervical mucus. Plan B does this by giving larger doses of levonorgestrel, which is the same drug present in smaller doses in birth control pills. However, on further review – there seem to be other downstream effects. This was noted in the FDA labeling on the mechanism of action for Plan B to be primarily to inhibit ovulation or fertilization but also that “it may inhibit implantation (by altering the endometrium)” ("Plan B One-Step: Highlights of prescribing information," 2009, p. 4). In a recent Princeton review article describing the mechanism of action of emergency contraceptives the writers state: “it must have a mechanism of action other than delaying or preventing ovulation” (Trussell, Raymond, & Hu, 2014, p. 5). This potential mechanism is problematic and vital for understanding Christian opposition to emergency contraception.
Does pregnancy begin at fertilization or does pregnancy begin at implantation? This is the key question. Language and definitions are vital. The definition of abortion depends on the definition of pregnancy and thus informs which medication is potentially abortive or not. This is where organizations like the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecology (ACOG) and the FDA make mistakes in their recommendations and literature. In the above Princeton article, the writers mention that “ECP’s (emergency contraceptive pills) do not interrupt an established pregnancy, defined by medical authorities such as the FDA/NIH (National Institute of Health) and ACOG as beginning with implantation. Therefore, ECPs are not abortifacient” (Trussell et al., 2014, p. 8).
This is the fatal error. These organizations do not believe life begins at fertilization and therefore misunderstand pro-life criticisms. In ACOG and the FDA’s view, drugs are abortifacient only if they act post implantation. This is contrary to science and the Christian worldview; drugs that inhibit implantation are abortifacient. In ACOG’s website under FAQ’s for emergency contraception, they state copper IUDs and contraception pills are valid options for emergency contraception. Further, they state that Ella is the most effective of the pills for emergency contraception compared to progestin-only or combination pills (ACOG, 2019). Ella was marketed by the FDA as contraception, but in its release in 2010 it mentioned, “it is possible that ella may also work by preventing attachment to the uterus” ("Ella: Patient information leaflet," 2015, p. 11).
We know that copper IUDs are abortive, and the same can be said for Ella. Why would ACOG and the FDA place copper IUDs, Ella, and Plan B in the same category as contraceptive and not abortive unless there was confusion on when life begins? The answer lies in the definition of pregnancy. Plan B has a potential mechanism of preventing implantation and thus must be considered abortive just like Ella and copper IUDs. If a pharmacy or clinic would not sell Ella, why would they sell Plan B?
Appraisal of Medical Literature
In recent years, primarily due to pressure from the pro-life community in relation to the potentially abortive nature of emergency contraception, there have been several new studies evaluating this mechanism in particular. Synthesizing the results of this research led ACOG in their clinical practice guidelines to state that the “review of evidence suggests that emergency contraception is unlikely to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg” ("Practice Bulletin No. 152: Emergency Contraception," 2015, p. 2). Unlikely to prevent implantation is dramatically different than doesn’t prevent implantation. If one fertilized egg is prevented from implantation, then the medicine is abortive. The use of the word “unlikely” devalues life and underscores that Plan B regularly causes abortions.
Further, these studies had small sample sizes and were variable in their structure. One of these studies looked at endometrial markers of receptivity with emergency contraceptive use and another study looked at ovulation rates on emergency contraception (Durand et al., 2001; Raymond et al., 2000). Neither study can definitively prove that implantation is not affected. Thus, this recommendation from ACOG and other media outlets is founded on subpar evidence as well as confusion on when life begins.
Furthermore, opposite conclusions have been reached by reputable organizations such as the Catholic Medical Association (CMA) and the American Associations of Pro Life Obstetricians and Gynecologists (AAPLOG). The CMA is the largest association of catholic medical professionals and they synthesized the available evidence in a position paper in August 2015 where they examined the Peoria protocol (a protocol for using Plan B in Catholic Hospitals): “the research findings appear to show clearly that these criteria are not met when Plan B is given…or when any other FDA approved emergency contraceptives are administered…. To administer (emergency) contraceptives is to choose evil…” (Raviele et al., 2015, p. 6). In Linacare Quarterly 2/2015, Kahlenborn, Peck, and Severs (2015) summarize the available data and state: “Many doctors and researchers claim that it has either no—or at most—an extremely small chance of working via abortion. However, the latest scientific and medical evidence now demonstrates that Plan B emergency contraception theoretically works via abortion quite often” (p. 18).
The AAPLOG states in a letter to the FDA that “Plan B’s labeling does not give adequate notice to a potential user that Plan B may prevent implantation of a human embryo as one potential mechanism of action” (Shadigian, 2005). Further, Dr. Gene Rudd, an OBGYN and associate director of the Christian Medical and Dental Association (the largest Protestant Christian Medical Association), stated that “no credible expert disputes that emergency contraception must have post-fertilization effects to be effective” and “current packaging violates informed consent” (LifeSiteNews.com, 2006). Taking all of these statements into consideration, the weight of evidence is in favor of the abortive nature of emergency contraception – including Plan B. Not only does emergency contraception cause abortion, but packaging misleads the consumer, pharmacy and community into false assurance. A community can believe that abortions are not happening in their cities if no abortion clinic is present, but if Plan B is sold in pharmacies, then abortions are in fact happening every day.
By understanding biblical ethics, the physiology of pregnancy, and emergency contraception, and synthesizing the medical literature and appraising relevant Christian societies, it is clear that Christians cannot support usage of emergency contraceptives. These medications potentially take human life and therefore should be expelled from society in order to protect the most vulnerable among us. Ethically, Christians should abstain from using these medications, but civic leaders should also call on pharmacies and clinics not to provide these medications in order to protect all life in their jurisdiction. In order to be comprehensively pro-life, civic leaders should disallow all medications or interventions that could harm life, which includes medications like Plan B.
Brett Jeter, MD, FACP
Jacob Crouch, BSN, RN-BC
ANA. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses: With interpretive statements (L. Badzek Ed.). Silver Spring, Maryland: American Nurses Association.
APhA. (2016). Pharmacists’ impact on patient safety (A. Cassano Ed.): American Pharmacists Association.
Durand, M., del Carmen Cravioto, M., Raymond, E. G., Durán-Sánchez, O., De la Luz Cruz-Hinojosa, M., Castell-Rodrı́guez, A., . . . Larrea, F. (2001). On the mechanisms of action of short-term levonorgestrel administration in emergency contraception. Contraception, 64(4), 227-234. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-7824(01)00250-5
Ella: Patient information leaflet. (2015). In L. H. Pharma (Ed.). Osny, France.
Kahlenborn, C., Peck, R., & Severs, W. B. (2015). Mechanism of action of levonorgestrel emergency contraception. The Linacre quarterly, 82(1), 18-33. doi:10.1179/2050854914Y.0000000026
LifeSiteNews.com. (2006). CMA doctors: FDA move to allow ‘Plan B’ without a prescription is unsafe and unwise. Retrieved from https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/cma-doctors-fda-move-to-allow-plan-b-without-a-prescription-is-unsafe-and-u
North, M. (2002). Hippocratic Oath. Retrieved from https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/greek/greek_oath.html
Plan B One-Step: Highlights of prescribing information. (2009). In D. Pharmaceuticals (Ed.). Pomona, NY.
Practice Bulletin No. 152: Emergency Contraception. (2015). Obstetrics & Gynecology, 126(3), e1-e11. doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000001047
Raviele, K., Kahlenborn, C., Peck, R., Ruppersberger, L., Yeung, P., Tham, J., & Gutowski, M. (2015). Statement on emergency contraception in cases of rape. Retrieved from https://www.cathmed.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Statement-on-Emergency-Contraception-in-Cases-of-Rape.pdf
Raymond, E. G., Lovely, L. P., Chen-Mok, M., Seppälä, M., Kurman, R. J., & Lessey, B. A. (2000). Effect of the Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception on markers of endometrial receptivity. Human Reproduction, 15(11), 2351-2355. doi:10.1093/humrep/15.11.2351
Shadigian, E. (2005). Letter to the FDA regarding over-the-counter status for Plan B. Retrieved from https://aaplog.org/letter-to-the-fda-regarding-over-the-counter-status-for-plan-b/
Trussell, J., Raymond, E., & Hu, H. (2014). Emergency Contraception: A Last Chance to Prevent Unintended Pregnancy. Contemporary Readings in Law and Social Justice, 6.


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Pharmacy expenses are the fastest growing component of Medicaid budgets across the nation. As state revenues continue to decline and health care expenses continue to rise, policy makers have been forced into action to avert a feared meltdown of state Medicaid programs. In Massachusetts, the Medicaid pharmacy expenditures for the state's Medicaid population of 940,000 reached $950 million in fiscal year 2002. Medications considered to be primarily psychiatric medications account for 47 percent of the entire pharmacy budget.
In our roles as medical directors of the Massachusetts Department of Mental Health and Division of Medical Assistance (Massachusetts Medicaid), we are responsible for clinical standards and for prudent use of resources. We are required to ensure that our patients and members receive adequate care within resource limits specified by the state government. To watch passively while pharmacy expenditures grow without intervention would guarantee substantive—possibly harmful—limits on the pharmacy benefit as a result of budgetary pressures.
Clinicians seek the best treatment for their individual patients. However, as policy makers we are obligated to calculate the effect of prescribing practices on an entire population of vulnerable individuals and to steward the resources used in obtaining these effects. In Massachusetts, we are attempting to use clinical expertise to protect access to medications while using our policy-making role to influence and even change some questionable pharmacological practice patterns.
We have chosen to focus our efforts on three proliferating polypharmacy practices for which there is limited or no evidence base: routine and concomitant use of more than one atypical antipsychotic for more than a reasonable crossover period (60 days), use of two selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for more than 60 days, and concomitant use of five or more psychotropic medications (1).
In our dual roles as clinicians committed to individual patients and stewards of public resources (2), we are seeking cost containment strategies guided by clinical wisdom and an ethical framework to avoid the more draconian and less clinically and ethically guided alternatives (3). We began our planning process with eight basic premises:
• Much of the growth in pharmacy expenditures is positive. It represents improved access to psychiatric treatment, which is an indirect measure of reduced stigma associated with psychiatric disorders.
• Some of the growth in expenditures is a function of rising medication costs. We advocate for the lowest possible cost for these medications.
• Many strategies, such as tiered copayments and restricted formularies, common in commercial health insurance plans, are not available to Medicaid programs, which must adhere to the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (OBRA '90) in their pharmacy benefit programs or risk losing both federal dollars and pharmacy rebates.
• Substantial copayments for indigent persons with psychiatric illness will generate access problems without providing a significant revenue stream, clearly a lose-lose strategy.
• Under federal law for Medicaid programs, prior authorization is the primary tool available to Medicaid programs for utilization management.
• Requiring prior authorization for psychiatric medications on the basis of cost alone, as has been attempted recently in some states, is a poor strategy. It is not based on clinical reasoning and has been reported to increase costs in other parts of the system.
• The Medicaid population frequently faces greater educational, linguistic, and cultural barriers in obtaining services than commercially insured populations.
• Policy changes can affect the number of physicians who are willing to accept Medicaid patients into their practices.
The Massachusetts Medicaid Pharmacy Program has long used prior authorization to manage both utilization and clinical aspects of care. To make the system user-friendly, Massachusetts has developed the MassHealth Drug List, which lists all drugs and whether prior authorization is required. Clinical experts participate in the development of the list. Because persons with psychiatric illnesses are often less able to advocate for themselves and because individual responses to medications vary, we have elected to retain maximal initial access to drugs while discouraging the use of individual medications and combinations of medications for which there is minimal or no evidence base.
The clinical work group we assembled included leading psychopharmacologists, members of the Massachusetts Psychiatric Society, and representatives of the Department of Mental Health, the Division of Medical Assistance, the State Pharmacy Program, and the Alliance for the Mentally Ill. The group's charge was to evaluate clinical practices in Massachusetts and make recommendations for managing the psychiatric portion of the pharmacy budget. We consulted with the Consumer Advisory Council and the Family Advisory Council of the Massachusetts Behavioral Health Partnership, the Medicaid carve-out vendor during the early stages of the project (4,5). We found that as of January 2002, more than 2,200 adults received more than one atypical antipsychotic at a time for more than 60 days, at a cost of $24 million; that almost 5,000 Medicaid recipients were taking more than one selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor for more than 60 days, at a cost of more than $4.5 million; and that more than 1,100 MassHealth recipients were receiving five or more psychiatric medications in January 2002, often from multiple prescribers. These data were supported by information gathered during case conference presentations throughout the state.
To make changes in the system, we needed to identify the forces that encourage polypharmacy. One such force is time. Inpatient stays are short, and psychiatrists feel pressured to stabilize patients rapidly. There is rarely time for medication "washouts," which could allow assessing a patient's status in a drug-free state. And, typically, short outpatient visits may not allow the kinds of information gathering that is necessary for adjusting postdischarge medication regimens.
Another factor that encourages polypharmacy is faulty clinical reasoning. Patients and clinicians are eager to see results and may attribute improvement to a newly added medication when the causative factor might actually be placebo effect, other psychosocial factors, or the gradually emerging impact of the original medication. Clinical culture is another contributor. Psychiatrists are eager to see their patients improve and often "push the envelope" by adding new agents to a regimen. And practitioners frequently are not aware of the cost of the regimen and the impact of cumulative costs on the Medicaid budget and access to care. Finally, optimism encourages polypharmacy. U.S. culture reveres new technologies, including new medications. Pharmaceutical industry marketing to physicians and consumers abets these attitudes.
Our hope is that by educating prescribers and applying prior authorization procedures to polypharmacy practices for which there is minimal or no evidence base, we will be able to improve care and moderate increases in expenditures for psychiatric medications. We have begun a campaign to educate all prescribers about the actual cost of prescribing patterns and the threat that escalating pharmacy costs pose to Medicaid's ability to sustain good access for the insured population. We have identified the relatively small number of physicians—"outliers"—who use polypharmacy routinely and will engage them in dialogue to review their prescribing practices and the evidence base as it relates to the patients they treat. Polypharmacy is surely crucial for some patients, and we must ensure that these patients have continued access to the regimens that are helping them. We will not require alteration of any regimens without allowing ample time for evaluation, consultation, and establishment of new approaches. Finally, we are seeking to engage consumers and family members in the process by consulting with them about our plans and offering education. Educated patients and families can be more effective partners with the prescribing physician in establishing and monitoring evidence-based regimens.
By focusing on expensive and un- tested practices, we hope to encourage more thought about polypharmacy regimens. We recognize that patients are complex, are often challenging diagnostically, and typically come with multiple medical and social problems. We also know that our doctors often do not have time to listen to patients as extensively as they would like. In these circumstances they may instead add drugs to the regimen. They may also lack time to pursue more evidence-based strategies. We are evaluating the possibility of longer inpatient visits to accomplish these aims.
Massachusetts, like other states, is facing severe financial problems in its Medicaid program. Drug costs are a highly visible and rapidly escalating component of overall costs. We have observed a proliferation of prescribing practices that create an opportunity to constrain costs and that may promote a more evidence-based prescribing culture.
We intend to evaluate the impact of this initiative on patients and prescribers through ongoing review of clinical outcomes and service use. As clinicians with administrative responsibilities we hope to engage our colleagues in a statewide dialogue about the culture of care and the evidence base for prescribing practices. We will work with the Massachusetts Psychiatric Society, the Massachusetts Medical Society, experts in psychopharmacology, consumers, and family members to build support for public policies that promote evidence-based practice and rational psychopharmacology. Such a strategy will increase our state's ability to promote better outcomes for needy, vulnerable citizens by sustaining access to effective, cost-attentive psychopharmacology.
Dr. Duckworth is deputy commissioner for clinical and professional services in the Massachusetts Department of Mental Health, 25 Staniford Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114 (e-mail, firstname.lastname@example.org). Dr. Hanson is medical director of the Massachusetts Division of Medical Assistance in Boston. James E. Sabin, M.D., is editor of this column.
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- In Massachusetts, Medicaid and CHIP (State Children's Health Insurance Program) are combined into one program called MassHealth. Qualified MassHealth members may be able to get doctor visits, prescription drugs, hospital stays, and many other important services.
- Provides education on the new health care reform law. The site features specific information about health plans in MA, including price information. Consumers can also enroll online.
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (also known as the ACA) was signed into federal law on March 23, 2010, creating the biggest expansion of health care coverage, making health insurance accessible to millions of people who currently are uninsured
- Information on how the Health Care Reform legislation/1115 Demonstration Waiver Amendment will affect MassHealth members and providers


Hair follicles play a crucial role in hair growth. However, several factors can hinder their growth, resulting in hair loss or thinning. Understanding the reasons behind blocked hair follicles is essential for maintaining healthy hair. This article explores the common factors that obstruct hair follicles from growing.
Hormonal imbalances can disrupt the natural hair growth cycle. For example, an excess of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone derived from testosterone, can shrink hair follicles and inhibit hair growth. Hormonal imbalances may arise due to genetics, certain medical conditions, or external factors such as stress.
Poor Scalp Health
A healthy scalp is vital for hair follicles to grow properly. Conditions like dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, or scalp infections can clog follicles and impede hair growth. Regularly cleansing and maintaining a clean scalp is crucial in preventing blockages that hinder hair follicles.
Product Build-Up and Styling Habits
Excessive use of styling products, such as gels, sprays, or pomades, can lead to product build-up on the scalp. This build-up can clog hair follicles and prevent new hair growth. Similarly, tight hairstyles like braids or ponytails put excessive strain on the hair follicles, leading to traction alopecia and blocking growth.
A balanced diet rich in essential nutrients supports healthy hair growth. Nutritional deficiencies, such as a lack of vitamins, minerals, or proteins, can affect the nourishment hair follicles receive. Additionally, crash diets or extreme weight loss can disrupt the hair growth cycle and impede follicle growth.
Genetics play a significant role in hair growth patterns. Some individuals may inherit genes that make their hair follicles more susceptible to blockages and hair loss. This genetic predisposition can manifest as conditions like androgenetic alopecia, where sensitive follicles gradually stop producing hair.
Environmental and Lifestyle Factors
Several environmental and lifestyle factors can obstruct hair follicle growth. Exposure to pollutants, excessive sun exposure, smoking, and certain medications can interfere with the hair growth cycle. Protecting the hair and scalp from these external factors is crucial to maintain healthy hair follicles.
Addressing the factors that hinder hair follicle growth is essential for maintaining healthy hair. Hormonal imbalances, poor scalp health, product build-up, dietary deficiencies, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors all play a role in blocking hair follicles from growing. By adopting a holistic approach and addressing these factors, individuals can promote healthy hair growth and prevent hair loss.


Elayne Smith, LMFT and Founder
I created CCHC as a space for clients to deepen their connection to both themselves and their loved ones. I believe that the degree to which we experience our relationships as satisfying and responsive holds great power for our wellbeing.
CCHC was also created as a place that invests in the work of creative and skilled therapists. The Center offers a place for therapists to thrive, grow, and develop their professional identity as relationship-focused therapists.
Clients I work with: Adult individuals, couples, families, and groups.
Issues I work with: Communication, emotional intimacy, recurring disagreements, family of origin issues, self-worth, emotional dysregulation, adult attachment, sexual issues, trust, chronic illness, substance use and process addiction, grief, anxiety, and depression.
To read more about Elayne, click here
Brianna Doolen, LMT
I specialize in therapeutic massage services that are tailored to meet the unique needs of clients experiencing: chronic pain, chronic illness, mood disorders, fibromyalgia, cancer, sleep problems, hypertension, injury, trauma, and those seeking preventative care by adding massage to their wellness routine. I also specialize in therapeutic massage for prenatal, perinatal, and geriatric phases of life.
My focus is on aiding clients to connect to what is happening in their body. By assessing and addressing postural alignment, therapeutic massage supports the muscular system to align and heal. As the body regains balance and wholeness, the mind and body can connect, awareness is deepened, and energy is free to flow.
I offer several bodywork modalities: Swedish/relaxation, Deep Tissue, Myofascial release, Lymphatic Drainage, Prenatal, Perinatal, Breath Direction, Table Thai Techniques, Aromatherapy, Cupping, Geriatric, Trigger point therapy, Active and Passive Stretching, Sports, Reiki I, and Medical Special Needs.
Clients I work with: All adults, as just about everyone can benefit from therapeutic massage.
Issues I work with: I specialize in therapeutic massage services that are tailored to meet the unique needs of clients experiencing: chronic pain, chronic illness, mood disorders, fibromyalgia, cancer, sleep problems, hypertension, injury, trauma, and those seeking preventative care by adding massage to their wellness routine. I also specialize in therapeutic massage for prenatal, perinatal, and geriatric phases of life.
To read more about Brianna, click here
Elizabeth Beaudry, LMT, RMT
I choose to specialize in unique, therapeutic massage protocols. Specifically, I work with women (and men) who are interested in enhancing their fertility naturally, to increase chances of conception, as well as those preparing their bodies for a mindful, conscious conception down the road.
I am also an energy healer, specializing in Reiki-based energy work. Reiki is an exceptional way to find relaxation and to balance the body’s various systems. Unlike traditional massage, Reiki is performed with the client’s clothes on, while laying comfortably in a peaceful room.
I also love to share tools for my clients to take home with them – including energetic self-care techniques, how the breath influences wellness, visualizations, meditations, and guided imagery, amongst others. By learning new practices, I believe we each can become active participants in our own healing journeys and thus more empowered in our own lives.
Clients I work with: All adults
Issues I work with:Anxiety, depression, autoimmune disorders, stress-related disorders, fertility, insomnia, heightened sensitivity, chronic illnesses, fibromyalgia, cancer, finding empowerment, empaths, the search for inner peace.
To read more about Elizabeth, click here
Melissa Callahan, LMFT
My main goal is to support families and couples to identify struggles within their relationships and capitalize on their existing strengths to overcome these issues. This often includes a focus on improving communication and an understanding of what each partner or family member is needing from their important others.
I also focus on facilitating deeper emotional connections and greater responsiveness to one another, particularly in moments of stress or conflict.
Clients I work with: Adult individuals, couples, adolescent families, adoptive families, separated, divorced or blended families, and LGBTQ youth and adults.
Issues I work with: Communication, trust, trauma, connection and relational strengthening, anxiety, depression, co-parenting and blended family challenges, recurring disagreements, emotional closeness and security, and attachment difficulties.
To read more about Melissa, click here
Betsy Farasey, LPC
My goal is to make counseling a positive and rewarding experience for you and your family. Your child’s success starts with a safe environment. I will meet your child at their level, working with them to build rapport so we can develop an individualized plan to best address their needs and support a reduction of symptoms along with emotional growth.
My approach identifies areas of strength and areas for growth in your child. This begins by gaining a detailed history and understanding of your child’s needs. As a team, we will implement the strategies and tools that work best for your child at home, in school and in the community.
Clients I work with: Children aged 3-18 and their families, adult individuals, and LGBTQ youth.
Issues I work with: Anxiety, attachment concerns, depression, ADD, ADHD, trauma, OCD, PTSD, reactive attachment disorder, substance use and individuals on the autism spectrum.
To read more about Betsy, click here
Maureen Flaherty, LPC
I specialize in the deep, change-worthy work of family of origin issues, reduction of the symptoms of mood disorders, decision making about the future of relationships, the issues of living that are specific to men, and the treatment of substance use issues.
In my seventeen years of practice as an agent of change, I have come to know that many of our emotional and relational difficulties can be connected to the experiences we have growing up in our family. My goal is to help you resolve and heal unfinished business of the past so that you don’t have to keep recreating them in the present.
My style of therapy is targeted, structured and focused on the creation of lasting change. I believe that therapy should help to restructure your experiences so that you see life through a different lens. This new lens allows for continued change, long after therapy has ended.
Much of my clinical experience and expertise has been in working with men. Cultural expectations of men often look to them to be independent, self-sufficient, stoic, problem-solvers, and invulnerable. I support men to explore more effective ways to manage stress, relationships, emotions and problem-solving.
Clients I work with: Adult individuals, groups, and families.
Issues I work with: Anxiety, depression, trauma, chronic illness, emotional dysregulation, family of origin issues, childhood experiences, men’s issues, and adult family relationships. I also work with substance and behavioral dependencies (spending, gambling, internet use, porn and sex).
To read more about Maureen, click here
Laura Crane, MS, Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy
I work with couples longing for the connection they once had when they first started dating. I aim to help couples who get lost in the same repetitive arguments, especially when this ‘dance’ has now become a dynamic that creates further pain and disconnection. My work is also helful for couples who want to regain their emotional intimacy and physical connection but may have become protective, withdrawn, or critical.
I work with individuals struggling through life transitions, dealing with the pain of past traumas, those who find themselves flooded with uncontrollable or overwhelming emotions, and clients who wish to change the way they think and feel about themselves or the world.
I also work with people who are questioning whether or not they have issues with substances and people whose loved ones want them to get help for their substance use.
Clients I work with: Couples, families (teen and adult children), adult individuals, and LGBTQ adults, couples and families.
Issues I work with: Couples and families struggling with connection, trust, communication, life transitions, problematic or painful behavior patterns, relationship patterns that are dissatisfying or destructive, reoccurring disagreements, family dynamics, family of origin/issues from childhood, trauma, emotion regulation, emotional intelligence, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and substance abuse.
To read more about Laura, click here
Jessica Escobar, MS, Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy
I support couples to feel closer, resolve recurring arguments, heal past hurts, and communicate more openly. I often use Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy in this work. I also work with couples to explore their sexual life and the ways their relationships as a whole inform this aspect of their life together.
I am experienced in working with military couples and families and appreciate the unique strengths and challenges that these families possess.
I also work with children using Play Therapy, a therapy technique that supports children to express their thoughts and feelings when they may not have the verbal language to share them.
I offer therapy services in both English and Spanish.
Clients I work with: Couples, individuals, children aged 3 to 8 and their families, and LGBTQ youth, couples and families. I offer all services in both English and Spanish.
Issues I work with: Emotional intimacy, recurring disagreements, relationship hurts, trust, infidelity, multicultural issues, sexual issues, and communication.
To read more about Jessica, click here
Katrina Taschman, MS, Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy
I work with clients of all ages to develop more confidence, clear past trauma, release unhealthy habits, and move past relationship blocks.
When working with individuals, I focus on identifying patterns, resolving internal conflicts and helping clients trust and heal themselves. Though you can’t change painful experiences from the past, you can let go of negative emotions and beliefs associated with those experiences.
When working with couples and families, the relationship becomes my client. I help each member identify and repair underlying feelings that get in the way of their connection. I teach them to catch their unhelpful patterns of relating, and support them in developing new ways of interacting that foster compassion and understanding.
I offer therapy services in both English and Spanish.
Clients I work with: Adult individuals, couples, children, teens and their families, and LGBTQ youth, adults and couples.
Issues I work with: Grief and loss, life transitions, low self-worth, difficulties with trust and connection, anxiety, depression, communication, addictive behavioral patterns, sexual and childhood trauma, cultural issues, conflicts in parent-teen relationships, and blended families
Elaine Kramer, MA, Ph.D., Resident in Professional Counseling
My work is focused on the creation of deep self-acceptance, compassion and healing. I believe that what we tell ourselves, about our self and the world around us, holds great power. Self-talk shapes the way our brain functions, our emotions, self-worth, and behavior.
I will help you to confront and change any damaging or limiting beliefs and find ways to live with greater safety, security and respect for your authentic self. Where there are core conflicts that keep you stuck in old patterns or emotional pain, I work alongside you as a journey-mate to resolve them. I aim to offer a respectful holding space as you allow pain or difficult experiences to emerge.
When talk therapy is no longer enough, I specialize in Guided Affective Imagery, a gentle and yet powerful process that allows issues beneath the surface to float up in imagery form or symbolic representation. I work with you to safely confront, process and resolve these issues at their core.
Clients I work with: Adult individuals, couples, adolescents and groups.
Issues I work with: Depression, anxiety, family of origin issues, emotional intimacy, life purpose or identity, trauma, PTSD, chronic pain, dis-ease, grief, end of life, perinatal mental health, and substance use/addiction.
To read more about Elaine, click here
Jennifer Brown Guiney
Jennifer Guiney, CEIM, IMH-E® (II), Infant Family Support Specialist
I support families to feel bonded to their baby and empowered to meet their needs. I help caregivers get to know their precious little one from the inside out by exploring their strengths and vulnerabilities, and deciphering the uniquely individual ways they communicate delight, discomfort and need for connection.
I also offer emotional support to families as they navigate the joys and challenges of caring for a new baby, especially if their infant is fussy or having trouble with eating and sleeping.
Clients I work with: Infants and their parents and/or caregivers, teen parents, parents, and LGBTQ adults, couples and families.
Issues I work with: Infant-family bonding; baby body language, signals and cues; birth experiences; the joys and challenges of new parenthood.
To read more about Jennifer, click here
Courtney Smith, LMFT – Currently on maternity leave
I work with individuals, couples and families to create change where they are experiencing the same old fights over and over, or are having difficulty feeling close and connected.
I support couples and families get underneath these well-worn patterns to repair the hurts and unmet needs that often keep us doing the same things over and over.
My focus includes working with relationships that are experiencing emotional intimacy issues, recurring disagreements, communication difficulties, or issues with substance use or process addiction.
I also work with trauma, emotional regulation, self-worth, and childhood experiences. I am trained in EMDR, a way of working with the brain and body to heal and process trauma or overwhelming experiences. I believe that we all deserve to feel safe in our own body and the world and offer a map to clients who wish to free themselves from pain, limiting beliefs, or emotional turmoil.
Clients I work with: Individuals, couples, adult families, and LGBTQ adults and couples.
Issues I work with: Couples experiencing; communication issues, emotional conflict or distance, substance use issues, and conflicts over roles and responsibilities. Adults experiencing; anxiety, depression, separation and divorce, low self-worth, stress, substance use and addiction, life transitions, and trauma.
To read more about Courtney, click here


This hand mask is very effective and fast. It instantly gives your handle is beautiful well-groomed appearance and make your hands smooth, soft, hydrated.
For the preparation of masks for hands, you will need:
- 2 teaspoons of honey
- 1, 5 teaspoons of glycerin
- 3 teaspoons olive oil
- 1 egg yolk
- 5 drops of lemon juice water for breeding honey thickened
Mix in a bowl all ingredients listed above. The resultant mask for hands put on 15 minutes by hand. Top can be worn for warmth cellophane and kitchen gloves. After 15 minutes, wash off the mask and hand cream is usually applied to the hands.


Get advice from the surgery about any of your health related queries without having to phone.
If you would like to ask the medical or administrative team a question without having to use the phone then please sign up for and use PATCHS : THE LINK IS BELOW.
This is a new service to help you gain access to the surgery without spending time on the telephone.
IT IS NOT FOR EMERGENCIES BUT IS IDEAL FOR THINGS LIKE SICK NOTE REQUESTS AND LETTERS AND ASKING ADVICE ABOUT YOUR SYMPTOMS. THE DOCTORS AND ADMININSTRATIVE STAFF WILL RESPOND TO YOU USUALLY ON THE SAME DAY.
WHY DON'T YOU SIGN UP BELOW . IT TAKES 5 MINUTES AND WILL SAVE YOU A LOT OF TIME ON THE TELEPHONE.
Initially we are starting this system with limited availability but hope to expand this quickly as we all become familiar with the new process.
This remainder of this page is to give advice and guidance to patients on how to manage their long-term conditions, how to deal with minor injury and illness that doesn't require treatment from a clinician and give patients advice on several topics.
111 online is a fast and convenient alternative to the 111 phone service and provides an option for people who want to access 111 digitally.
Your needs will be assessed and you will be given advice about whether you need:
- Treat yourself at home
- Go to a Primary Care Centre
If you need face to face medical attention you may be asked to attend a Primary Care Centre.
Click here to access NHS 111 online or call 111 to speak to a staff member.


Water Restoration Services offers professional indoor air quality inspection services for residential and commercial properties in Riverside, California. Our team of certified professionals uses state-of-the-art equipment to identify potential sources of indoor air pollution such as mold, bacteria, allergens, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Our comprehensive inspections include a visual assessment of the property's HVAC system, ventilation systems, and building materials. We also conduct air sampling tests to determine the presence of harmful pollutants that may be affecting your health or causing damage to your property.Once our inspection is complete, we provide you with a detailed report outlining any issues found during our investigation along with recommendations on how best to address them. Our goal is not only to improve the overall quality of your indoor environment but also ensure that it meets all safety standards set by regulatory agencies.At Water Restoration Services, we understand how important it is for you and your family or employees' well-being when it comes to breathing clean air indoors. That's why we are committed to providing reliable indoor air quality testing services tailored specifically for each client's unique needs in Riverside County!
We provide the following Services for Riverside California


BSc (Hons), M.Ost
In 2016 she developed and still runs an innovative yoga-based programme for back pain patients in a London hospital – the first of its kind to be offered in the UK. She holds an M.Ost (Distinction) from the prestigious British School of Osteopathy, teaches at Triyoga (Europe’s biggest yoga centre), educates yoga teachers (including on the Triyoga Teacher Training) and other therapists, and runs her own osteopathic clinic in London. She is a regular speaker at online training networks for manual therapists.
Her teachers through the years all share a deep knowledge and rigour in their methods of teaching and training. From the yoga world she would like to thank Francoise Freedman, Simon Low, Mira Mehta and Anna Ashby for their kindness and support, as well her osteopathic teachers including Sue Turner.
Improving wellbeing and day-to-day life
Anji’s yoga approach is to encourage people of all ages, backgrounds and restrictions to find better health through simple, accessible and yet powerful yoga teachings. Her teaching style is kind, practical and approachable, combining an academic and professional grounding with a sense of enjoyment. She seeks to de-mystify yoga and present it as a useful tool to find health. Anji has been teaching Yoga for BackCare in her own style for over 5 years and her classes are always over-subscribed.
Anji is 49 years old, mum to 2 teenage boys and wife to Mark. Her first degree is in Econometrics and she used to be a quite senior investment banker but has a lot more job satisfaction these days.
Her motivation in developing Yoga for BackCare is to share her knowledge, knowing that this approach improves the wellbeing and day-to-day life of anyone who finds that back pain gets in the way. To find out about Anji’s clinic click here


Incontinence side effect of prednisone
Side effect prednisone
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Hydrocodine hiccups and prednisone side effect
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Comparative Cost Analysis of Conventional Reconstructions and the First US Face Transplantation
While the ethical and technical concerns regarding facial transplantation have been discussed throughout this book, there is a lack of information regarding its cost. Moreover, there is no information available in the literature on the financial implications of complete reconstructions in patients with severe craniomaxillofacial defects. We have had the unique opportunity to compare the cost of traditional reconstructive procedures and face transplantation in a single patient in our institution. In addition, we have also been able to compare the financial data of three other patients who underwent conventional reconstruction in other institutions: Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York and the University of Chicago. As the field of transplantation evolves, it will become increasingly important to disseminate this valuable information. Given the current economic climate in medicine, it will undoubtedly be a central issue to the face transplant debate. The following chapter illustrates these issues by comparing the cost of multistaged conventional reconstructive procedures in four patients with the cost of the first US face transplant.
KeywordsLower Eyelid Cartilage Graft Radial Forearm Flap Mount Sinai Medical Abdominal Flap
Current Procedural Terminology
Composite Tissue Allotransplantation
End-Stage Renal Disease
Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor
Pneumocystis Carinii Jerovici
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
- 4.The International Registry on Hand Composite Tissue Transplantation http://www.handregistry.com/. Accessed 7/1/2010, Monza, Italy and Lyon, France, 2009.
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- 13.Davies L. First hand and face transplant patient dies. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/jun/15/hand-face-transplant-patient-dies. Accessed 7/1/2010. London, U.K. 2009.
- 30.Boyd JB. Deep Circumflex Iliac Groin Flaps. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1989.Google Scholar


One of the two Olympic weightlifting events, the clean and jerk is known as the 'king of lifts' - more weight can be lifted above the head, compared to any other known weightlifting technique. To complete this challenge, it is one clean & jerk, with the body lined up in a single plane, 200% of your own body weight.
Clean & Jerk 200% of your body weight Challenge rules
- Not all types of physical activity are suitable for everyone. Users take Challenges and training advice at their own personal risk.
Training for the following exercises will be automatically logged against this Challenge:
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Why not ask for some advice from other Challenge takers, or read some of the Challenge guides first?OK, I'll keep working at it!


Circadian components are profound in depressive disorders, such seasonal affective disorder. This article introduces a course to be given at this year’s APA Meeting in Toronto, on melatonin and light treatment.
A paradigm-shifting finding holds the potential to alter how we perceive brain-immune interactions for disorders like schizophrenia and Alzheimer disease. It would enable a more mechanistic approach to the study of the neuroimmunology of these and other disorders.
Is prevention of bipolar disorder possible? What happens before a manic or hypomanic episode that identifies this illness? Researchers asked whether there are any signs or symptoms that predict later diagnosable bipolar disorder with reasonable accuracy.
In this brief video, Psychiatric Times’ new Editoral Board member talks about what DSM-5, the medical home, and the search for money to fund novel approaches to new psychiatric treatments may mean to the practice of psychiatry.
Can spirituality be used as a tool in treatment? In this video, Dr Michael Norko briefly discusses spirituality and its role in clinical care. Colleagues also summarize their recent presentations on spirituality and religion in psychiatric practice.
The invisible wounds of war continue to infiltrate the minds and consciousness of veterans and their families, as shown in this infographic and public service announcement by the APA, featuring by Rep. Patrick Kennedy.


“If we make it through December, everything’s gonna be alright I know.” ~ Merle Haggard
You don’t have to be a country music lover to appreciate these lyrics. Despite the undeniable excitement, love, and goodwill of the holiday season, it can cause major disruptions to people’s daily lives. As such, the holidays can take a toll on many women’s mental and physical well-being. If you are feeling a little overwhelmed as 2022 comes to a close, consider any of these 4 healthy living tips to get back on track after the holidays!
1) Diet Appropriately
After weeks of stuffing their faces with hearty casseroles and tasty sweets, nearly every person has come up with some sort of creative New Year’s resolution diet at some point in their lives. The problem is that most people think cutting back is the foolproof solution–an approach that is often unhealthy and wholly unsustainable.
“Although many people spend the days following the holidays crash dieting, you need to be very careful when taking this approach. While it is understandable that you want to lower your caloric intake, many of the most decadent holiday foods and treats are high in salt and sugar, but lacking in other key micronutrients. This can lead to imbalances that slow down normal bodily processes, only to be exacerbated when you rapidly reduce food consumption. The best approach for post-holiday dieting is to load up on water, lean proteins, and fresh fruits/vegetables, supplementing them with a well-rounded mineral treatment tailored to your body’s needs.” ~ Vanessa Cabrera of Las Vegas Mobile IV.
2) Take Some “Me” Time
For many, the holidays are a time of give, give, give. And while this is undoubtedly rewarding, the constant hustle of trying to put a smile on everyone else’s face can take a mental toll. As such, the time after the holidays is a great opportunity to get a little selfish and focus on yourself. A mani pedi, a decadent spa day with calming candles and moisturizing goat soap milk, hiring a housecleaner to come and help with post-holiday cleanup, or simply going out to your favorite restaurant are a few ways to destress and put yourself first.
3) Declutter Your Home
Decorations that have to come down, empty boxes, piles of wrapping paper, yet another round of sweaters and socks–the clutter in your home comes under the microscope during the holidays. Rather than spend more money and contribute to the exploding self storage industry, it is a great idea to simply let some things go this holiday season. Elevated levels of the stress hormone cortisol is statistically significant in people living in cluttered homes, so making a trip to Goodwill could do wonders for your mental well-being after the holidays.
4) Learn a New Skill
The holidays sort of feel like closing the book on a little chapter of your life. With the ability to start fresh in a new year, it represents the perfect opportunity to “skill up” and commit yourself to becoming adept in something you have always wanted. Whether it is earning that certificate that will qualify you for a work promotion, taking those piano lessons you have continually postponed, or learning a new language, adding a new skill to your arsenal can provide you with a tremendous sense of accomplishment after the holidays.
Take Control of Your Life With These 4 Post-Holiday Healthy Living Tips
The hustle and bustle of the holiday season can cause many women’s lives to go off-roading, resulting in significant mental and physical stress. If this is the case for you, consider any of the 4 healthy living tips listed above to refocus and regroup after this year’s holiday season!
If you’re looking to keep on top of your health this year, it’s definitely worth getting a check-up with your local health professional. There are plenty of services out there, including a walk in clinic which is perfect for those who need a quick health check while on the go.


Your May 5 article fails to make an important, if not crucial, distinction in interpreting AIDS demographics. The lead of the story, "Homosexual relations is the leading cause of AIDS in Utah," gives the dangerous impression that being gay causes AIDS. A more responsible and accurate lead would have read, "Unsafe sex between men is the leading cause of AIDS in Utah."
Likewise, when the article discusses intravenous drug use, a misleading impression is given that the drug use per se is the cause of AIDS: "About 17 percent of Utah's AIDS patients got the disease from intravenous drug use, compared to 25 percent nationally." No mention is given that it is the sharing of tainted needles, rather than the use of drugs, which allows the virus to spread.As the nation faces its 15th year of the AIDS epidemic, we must not forget that accurate information about prevention is the only known cure for this disease.
Assistant media relations director
American Civil Liberties Union


Probiotics for diverticulitis
Did you know that probiotics can be taken in capsules, and foods high in them can help prevent diverticula from developing? This post will give you more information.
Diverticulitis refers to the presence of diverticula within the colon. These are small, clump-like bags that can lodge in the walls and linings of the colon.
It is caused by intestinal dysfunction and insufficient fiber intake. Constipation can lead to constipation.
This makes it more difficult to go to the toilet. It also raises the pressure in your colon, creating bags and feces that can be harmful. Diverticulitis is the term given to this disease.
The inflammation can be caused by intestinal wall damage which leads to an infection that extends into the surrounding tissues. As a result, there will be fever and abdominal pain that is usually worse after eating food.
This is called diverticulosis, which is basically tiny pouches in the colon wall where it has eroded or ruptured. These are thought to appear because of high pressure within the bowel due to constipation or dietary factors.
It may also occur as part of Crohn’s disease where inflammatory cells attack these walls, causing them to erode more rapidly.
Diverticles are associated with increased risks for constipation, diarrhea, bleeding, sexual dysfunction, hernias, hemorrhoids, colon cancer and bowel obstruction.
A diverticulectomy is a surgery that can be done to remove the bag of diet which has become inflamed. When the patient goes through this procedure, it may help reduce pain or bleeding that could have occurred in the past. Once this step ceases then it becomes known as diverticular disease.
As for this condition sufferers are advised to avoid foods which contain saturated fats and cholesterol. These include dairy products such as whole milk cheese or fatty meats like beef or pork bacon.
The following conditions should also be avoided: constipation-inducing food items including processed foods with additives; fruits high in citrus content; vegetables high in natural gas production (i.e. beans); and smoking.
If you have diverticulosis, it is recommended that you maintain a healthy diet which includes: ” Foods containing dietary fiber: rye breads and cereals; brown rice; whole wheat products; fresh fruits and vegetables (with the exception of those that are high in natural gas production such as beans, cabbage and cauliflower)”.
Diverticulitis sufferers should also avoid foods high in purine such as meat because this could increase kidney problems like renal colic or pyelophlebitis.
It can be caused by inflammation of the walls of veins within your kidneys because if your kidneys don’t filter properly then this causes crystals to form and these can travel through fine blood vessels to cause infection.
It may be necessary for you to undergo surgery in order to open up the blocked veins to allow the crystals to leave your body.
Diverticulitis is a condition that affects the bowel and is usually caused from having diverticulosis due to irregular bowel movements.
The walls of your intestines are affected which causes inflammation leading to pus leaking into the abdominal cavity which can give you pain especially if it gets infected through food particles getting trapped and resulting in infection, common among sufferers who do not have healthy digestive systems.
Diverticulitis: How can you treat it?
Probiotics for Diverticulitis,
Depending on the severity, we must determine the type of treatment required. The most common symptoms include tenderness on the left abdomen, gas, fever and nausea, vomiting, chills, and a lack of appetite. You can determine the severity of the pain by the intensity and the other symptoms. You can easily treat mild cases at home. While it is advised to rest on your stomach, use a heating pad on your abdomen and take pain relief medications, there is an effective treatment that many people neglect: probiotics.
Doctors usually perform tests such as sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy in order to diagnose diverticulitis. They are able to see if there are any irregularities with the color, appearance, and shape of the affected area of bowel wall. If they do notice this then it is possible that a lot more than just inflammation will occur because different complications can arise from this disease which include perforation, bleeding, fistulas etc.
An ultrasound scan can also give results similar to those found in colonoscopy in order for doctors to locate areas where there may have been an obstruction.
Doctors may also prescribe a CT scan in order to view the area of inflammation and spread of this condition which allows them to look into different parts of your body that are close to the affected area. They will usually give you intravenous antibiotics initially through your arm or by drip in order to start treating the infection with an anti-inflammatory drug called mesalazine before administering stronger pain medication.
When it comes to diagnosing diverticulitis doctors can test for blood in your stool or colonoscopy which they perform through examination of your intestinal lining with a flexible tube inserted through your anus . It is important for someone who has this condition to never ignore their symptoms as they could be caused by something quite serious especially if you have any bleeding or they become severe in intensity.
Diverticulitis and probiotics
Probiotics are live microorganisms that have many health benefits. They help to prevent and treat diarrhea, flatulence, and constipation. They are also a natural treatment for gastrointestinal issues.
Diverticulitis can be avoided by eating a healthy, varied, and fiber-rich diet. Avoiding stress and drinking lots of fluids is also essential.
Numerous studies have demonstrated that probiotics can be beneficial in treating and preventing diverticulitis. Probiotics have been proven helpful in treating this condition over the long term in patients who are prone to it.
How to use probiotics
When combined with a high-fiber diet, probiotics can help maintain intestinal health. Probiotics are incorporated in many ways, but here are some of our favorites.
Probiotics for Diverticulitis
- Yogurt. It regulates intestinal activity and digestion, protecting the body from harmful bacteria.
- The kefir Although not as well-known as yogurt, kefir can be made at home for free, as the nodules used to make it were traditionally given away.
These two options should be consumed in the morning as part of breakfast or at night before you go to bed.
Probiotic capsules are also available. It would be best to take probiotic capsules in the recommended daily intake. This depends on their number and variety. Make sure you read the instructions carefully.
In addition to traditional milk, yogurt and kefir, you can enjoy some more options as well.
Yogurt smoothies with frozen fruit you will find a great way to get a variety of flavors and textures. Yogurt is also a good choice for sauces, marinades and dressings.
Fermented vegetables are an easy way to eat more vegetables on a daily basis. Fermentation is the result of action by lactic acid bacteria which leads to the production of organic acids that gives them their characteristic taste. In this process many nutrients are preserved or even augmented thanks to fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates into digestible substances such as lactic acid , ethanol . It is good for your system since after each meal it produces a feeling of fullness.
Fermented vegetables can be made from cabbage , carrots, cucumbers and other vegetables you like to eat raw. The best way is to ferment your vegetables in a brine first thing that follows the recipe . You can even save some vegetables for future use. Just store them inside a jar under a thick layer of salt on top surface of the produce. This fermentation process will take time so do not expect results right away. It’s advisable to store them at room temperature instead of refrigerating as it could slow down or stop the fermentation process as cold inhibits bacterial growth.
Do not forget yogurt drinkable curd drink which is an excellent alternative to those who have lactose intolerance. Fermented drinks are also available for people who do not like to eat yogurt.
With all these options you will never get bored of the benefits of probiotics. However, since there are many types of probiotics on the market it is advisable to consult a doctor who can help you choose what is best for your health and needs.
The most important factor in choosing probiotics is to find one that contains many different strains together with an increased concentration so that it would be more effective. Also pay attention to the expiration date so you know how long they last before using them.
The shelf life of these products varies depending on their storage conditions (refrigeration or room temperature). Read the label carefully before buying. No matter if you want to buy traditional yogurt, kefir or a probiotic supplement, make sure you do not skip the fermentation process since it is an essential part of obtaining a quality probiotic product.
For more information on probiotics , click here: ProbioticsAdvice.org – What Are They? And Why Should You Have Them In Your Life?
Fredrick Miller, author and blogger at ProbioticsAdvice . org .
Please feel free to leave your comments below. If you’d like to sing up for our Blog Feeds ( daily! ) in your favorite Reader, just input your e-mail address in the box located on the top right hand side of this page. Don’t forget to follow us on Twitter and Facebook ! We’re active there as well and appreciate all those who promote us!
Now you know you can incorporate probiotics into your daily diet to prevent diverticulitis. If you already have it, but your symptoms aren’t too severe, you may also be able to give them a try. If it gets worse, you should see a doctor.
Probiotics for Diverticulitis, ProbioticsAdvice.org


This means each semi-melted item needs to be smaller than 3.4 ounces and all containers have to fit in a one-quart plastic bag.By: Ava Alderman: I sometimes hear from people who have heard claims that you actually save money on your grocery bill by eating nutrisystem food rather than trying.
Diet plans - Consumer ReportsWe have the best Nutrisystem discounts right here by claiming.Leave your nonperishables in your bag when they run through the X-ray machine.
Nutrisystem Cost? New Monthly Rates - Mighty DietsWith Nutrisystem, you choose foods you want to eat from a menu, and the food is delivered to your door.On one hand, taking your home-delivered, prepackaged healthful foods on your trip may save you.
# How Long To Lose Weight On Nutrisystem - Cla As WeightThese super foods are further effective as well as can save serious cash compared to expensive supplements and seeing feel.
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Customer Reviews: Nutrisystem 5 Day Weight Loss KitFind great deals on eBay for nutrisystem and nutrisystem lot.The cost of NutriSystem diet plan depends on your choice of diet plan as well as menu.
# How Long To Lose Weight On Nutrisystem - Take How ManyHere are the most commonly asked questions and answers on the Nutrisystem.
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Nutrisystem Coupons and Promo Code 2017 | Best ReviewsElke Bartz: You should go on the website and see how many people get sick from Nutrisystem yes that is a lot going on I was sick in the hospital for at 6 months i.
Make your life easier on vacation by bringing along as many of these foods as you can.Nutrisystem on the Road. by Jane, Boston, MA. You save a bunch of money.
# How Long To Lose 100 Pounds On Nutrisystem - Detox ForNutrisystem Diet - Review and outline of their plans. Also, a lot of people on Weight Watchers save all their points for one meal and we do not agree with that.Skip to main content. eBay. Save this search: Items in search.
Most airlines will also allow you to use a cooler containing either gel packs or dry ice as either checked or carry-on luggage.Her work has appeared to The Syracuse Post-Standard and insider magazine.
People could read this hard hitting, truthful Nutrisystem review and learn why this home delivery diet program can be their best shot at losing weight easily.Double-check that your lodgings have a freezer, since the cooler will only keep food cold for a day or so.
# How Long To Lose 100 Pounds On Nutrisystem - Ldl
How to Make Your Own Nutrisystem | eHow
Nutrisystem is more than a diet plan, our program is designed to help you lose weight fast and improve your health.
By using these coupon codes, you can save up to 40% on Nutrisystem.com. I regularly update this post to make sure all deals are up to date.Nutrisystem provides an easy to follow infographic detailing 10 food swaps you should make if you want to save calories and eat healthier.Replacing NutriSystem With Your Own Foods. or online are better than what I was eating when on NutriSystem. want to save your mid-morning or.


Melville is located in Suffolk county and has a population of 14,533.
For New York residents, the average tuition for all Melville respiratory therapy schools for the 2009 - 2010 school year was $11,940.00. For non-residents, the average tuition for Melville respiratory therapy schools was $11,940.00.
Books and supplies for respiratory therapy schools in Melville cost an average of $1,500.00. Students have a choice of one respiratory therapy college in Melville to attend. Respiratory Therapy programs in Melville reportedly graduated 46 students in the 2008 - 2009 school year.
|Profession||Average Salary||Number Employed in City|
|Respiratory Therapy Technicians||$57,550.00||70|


January is Glaucoma Awareness Month
What is Glaucoma?Glaucoma is the leading cause of vision loss, and affects more than 728,000 Canadians. The eye disease causes vision loss and blindness by damaging a nerve in the back of your eye called the optic nerve. This nerve acts like an electric cable with over a million wires and is responsible for carrying images from the eye to the brain.
Although the most common forms primarily affect the middle-aged and the elderly, glaucoma can affect people of all ages.
What are the symptoms of glaucoma?Glaucoma often doesn’t have any early symptoms, which is why it frequently goes undetected. Many people don’t realize they have glaucoma until they start losing their vision, usually starting with your side (peripheral) vision. Because it happens so slowly, many people can’t tell that their vision is changing at first. Glaucoma can develop in one or both eyes, and can eventually lead to blindness.
Symptoms of glaucoma include:
- Loss of peripheral vision
- Halos around lights
- Eye pain and/or redness
- Blurred or decreased vision
- Eye pain
Types of GlaucomaThere are many different types of Glaucoma with the most common types being open-angle and angle-closure.
Open-angle glaucoma is the most prevalent and the cause is unknown. It often goes unnoticed as the increase in eye pressure happens slowly over time and you can’t feel it. Eventually, the increased pressure pushes on the optic nerve until the damage causes blind spots in your vision. Your risk for open-angle glaucoma tends to be higher if it runs in your family.
Angle-closure glaucoma occurs when fluid in the eye is suddenly blocked and cannot flow out of the eye, causing a quick and severe rise in eye pressure. Angle-closure glaucoma comes on suddenly and painfully.
Both of these forms of glaucoma are marked by an increase of intraocular pressure (IOP), or pressure inside the eye. Normal tension glaucoma occurs when optic nerve damage has occurred despite a normal IOP.
Another type of glaucoma is secondary glaucoma. Both open- and closed-angle glaucoma can be secondary when caused by something known. Causes include:
- Medicines such as corticosteroids
- Eye diseases, such as uveitis (an inflammation of the middle layer of the eye)
- Diseases such as diabetes
- Eye injury
Can Glaucoma be treated?There is no cure for glaucoma, but early treatment can often prevent further damage to the eyes. Treatments can include medicines (usually eye drops), laser treatment, and surgery. It’s important to note that glaucoma treatment won’t undo any damage already done to your vision.
The only way to check for glaucoma is to get a comprehensive dilated eye exam. It’s important to schedule regular eye exams, so your ophthalmologist can assess your vision.
If diagnosed with glaucoma, your ophthalmologist is able to conduct a number of different tests and offer a more specific diagnosis, including:
- Visual acuity tests to assess your ability to see from different distances
- Visual field tests to measure your peripheral vision
- Dilated eye exams
- Ocular tonometry to measure the intraocular pressure inside your eye
- Pachymetry to measure