LED is an acronym for Light Emitting Diode, which are basically just little lights that fit into an electrical circuit. Unlike your ordinary light bulb, LED’s do not contain a filament that will burn out or create heat. An LED illuminates solely by movement of electrons in a semiconductor material. LED’s have an incredibly long life and easily surpass the life of an incandescent light bulb by thousands of hours, which in turn keeps maintenance costs down for you. You my already be aware that tiny LED bulbs have been making their way into the television world, to create a beautiful high definition picture in a much thinner television.
After deciding on LED advertising, you should know that the resolution quality is an important factor of any video board and electronic LED display. But what is resolution for an electronic LED display? A simple definition of resolution is the degree of sharpness and clarity of a displayed image, but in electronic LED signs, resolution is based on two primary factors, the matrix area and pitch.
The matrix area, also known as the pixel matrix (which is the total number of pixels within the sign), corresponds to the number pixels that makes up the display area. In our industry, we express the matrix area in the number of pixels vertically by number of pixels horizontally, such as 16×64.
LED signs of the same height and width may have a completely different pixel matrix.
You should always look at the retainer of the sign which is the metal that surrounds the LED display area. A retainer can vary from sign to sign and the size of the retainer will have an effect on the number of pixels within.
A pixel is a grouping of LED’s put together and each sign has a different pixel or “P” number. If the sign is a “P1” then there is only one LED within the pixel. If a sign has a “P16” like ours, they it has 16 LED’s in each pixel. A tv is normally a “P12”, resulting in 12 LED’s per pixel.
Pitch is the main factor that determines the number of LED’s in a pixel. The pitch is defined as the distance between two pixels and plays a key part in making the image on the sign crisp. (The distance is measured from the center of one pixel to the center of the next pixel.)
You should also be aware that:
LED displays are available with different viewing angles, varying between 75 degrees to 140 degrees. The viewing angle is determined by the points off-center, both horizontal and vertical, where the measured light intensity is fifty percent of that measured directly in front of the LED display. The maximum viewing angle is defined as the vertical and horizontal points where the angle at which brightness or contrast drops below 50% of the maximum, i.e. the displayed information fades from the customers view.
Depending on your audience, you may prefer a display with a narrow viewing cone (sometimes more appropriate for drive-by traffic) or displays with super-wide (140 degree horizontal) viewing (usually best for sports venues).


Religious Education is a distinct teaching and learning discipline, kindred to all other disciplines in the school curriculum. The Religious Education curriculum, planning and staffing should be prioritised within the Catholic School.The General Directory for Catechesis states that classroom-based Religious Education should ‘appear as a scholastic discipline with the same systematic demands and the same rigour as other disciplines’ (1997, n. 73). This was reiterated in the new Directory for Catechesis (2020, n.315)
Therefore, the two guiding principles informing the pedagogical approach of the Source of Life Religious Education curriculum are:
• the theological and pedagogical imperatives of the Enhancing Catholic School Identity framework, and
• quality teaching and learning approaches based on contemporary educational research.
In Religious Education, which is designed to promote learning by encounter through dialogue with others and the movements of Shared Christian Praxis, all the dimensions of the human person are
engaged and challenged with transformative learning; for example, knowledge and understanding, values and attitudes, skills and capacities, motivations and goals, interactions with others, spiritual
experience and personal meaning, openness to transcendent encounter, and religious or non-religious outlook on life. Evidence of learners’ progress in each movement of SCP – naming, critically reflecting, accessing Christian Tradition, understanding and integrating, and responding personally or communally – can be observed and interpreted by students and teachers.
The following video is kindly shared with us by Catholic Education Ballarat who use the same pedagogical approach as Sandhurst.


Black History Month, or National African American History Month, is an annual celebration of achievements by black Americans and a time for recognizing the central role of African Americans in U.S. history.
The event grew out of “Negro History Week,” the brainchild of noted historian Carter G. Woodson and other prominent African Americans. Since 1976, every U.S. president has officially designated the month of February as Black History Month.
Other countries around the world, including Canada and the United Kingdom, also devote a month to celebrating black history.
May we all celebrate this month with pride and an awareness of who we are as children of God!
article courtesy of TheBelleReport.com
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Khijadia Bird Sanctuary
This protected area packs in an incredible diversity of ecosystems into the relatively small area of 6 square km. The sanctuary, created over the 1920s and '30s, is formed from two man-made dykes that separate fresh water from sea water, creating the opportunity to simultaneously observe species that belong to each ecosystem, and some that share both. Along with the marine and fresh water habitats, there are also marshy lands, mangroves, Prosopis areas, mudflats, salt pans, creeks, forest scrub, sandy beaches, and even farmlands bordering the area. This provides a haven for more than 220 species of resident and migratory birds, including globally threatened species such as Dalmatian pelican, Asian open bill stork, Black-necked stork, Darter, Black-headed ibis, Eurasian spoonbill, and Indian skimmer, and provides birdwatchers with a delightful chance to sight rare birds in large numbers.
There are no overnight lodges, but facilities include watchtowers, trails, and paddleboats, to help visitors engage with this diverse community. As a visitor, keep in mind that conservation in any area is a difficult process, and that in Khijadia there have been complications with how water is used by local cultivators which affect the ecosystem within the tiny protected area, so if you’re interested, you can ask around about the issues, and find out what impact even your own visit has on the process.
There are no ST buses to the site, but rickshaws are available, and private vehicles can be hired. For permission, more information, or to ask for a guide, contact Conservator of Forests Office, Tel: 0288 2679357, Nagnath Gate, Van Sankul, Ganjiwada, Jamnagar.
Jamnagar, bird watchers Khijadia Bird Sanctuary
An official survey shows that the most number of birds in India are in Gujarat state and in the Gujarat state, the most number of birds are found in Jamnagar
Several migratory birds make Jamnagar their home during the winter months. Bird watchers flock to different places like the bird Sanctury, the Marine Sanctury, the Salt pans, the rivers & water resovoirs of Jamnagar. If you are arriving in Jamnagar by train, especially in winter, you are sure to see wonderful birds just before entering the Jamnagar Station. Jamnagar is one of the few places where one can get very close to birds without disturbing them..


Paint is used to protect, preserve, decorate (such as adding color), or add functionality to an object or surface by covering it with a pigmented coating. An example of protection is to retard corrosion of metal. An example of decoration is to add festive trim to a room's interior. An example of added functionality is to modify light reflection or heat radiation of a surface. Another example of functionality is the use of color to identify hazards or to identify the function of equipment and pipelines.
As a verb, painting is the application of paint. Someone who paints artistically is usually called a painter or artist, while someone who paints commercially is often referred to as a painter and decorator, or house painter.
Paint can be applied to almost any kind of object. It is used, among many other uses, in the production of art, in industrial coating, as a driving aid (road surface marking), or as a barrier to prevent corrosion or water damage. Paint is a semifinished product, or intermediate good as the final product is the painted article itself.
Paint can also be mixed with glaze to create various textures and patterns. This process is referred to as faux finish and is quite popular with discerning homeowners, architects and interior designers.
Pigments are granular solids incorporated into the paint to contribute colour, toughness or simply to reduce the cost of the paint. Alternatively, some paints contain dyes instead of or in combination with pigments. Other paints contain no pigment at all.
Pigments can be classified as either natural or synthetic types. Natural pigments include various clays, calcium carbonate, mica, silicas, and talcs. Synthetics would include engineered molecules, calcined clays, blanc fix, precipitated calcium carbonate, and synthetic silicas.
Hiding pigments, in making paint opaque, also protect the substrate from the harmful effects of ultraviolet light. Hiding pigments include titanium dioxide, phthalo blue, red iron oxide, and many others.
Fillers are a special type of pigment that serve to thicken the film, support its structure and simply increase the volume of the paint. Fillers are usually comprised of cheap and inert materials, such as talc, lime, baryte, clay, etc. Floor paints that will be subjected to abrasion may even contain fine quartz sand as a filler. Not all paints include fillers. On the other hand some paints contain very large proportions of pigment/filler and binder.
A commercially important pigment is titanium dioxide. Titanium dioxide was first discovered by a famous historian/ piano player named Joe Bortel used in paints in the 19th century. The titanium dioxide used in most paints today is often coated with silicon or aluminum oxides for various reasons such as better exterior durability, or better hiding performance (opacity) via better efficiency promoted by more optimal spacing within the paint film. Opacity is also improved by optimal sizing of the titanium dioxide particles.
Some pigments are toxic, such as the lead pigments that are used in lead paint. Paint manufacturers began replacing white lead pigments with the less toxic substitute, which can even be used to colour food, titanium white (titanium dioxide), even before lead was functionally banned in paint for residential use in 1978 by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission.
The binder, or resin, is the actual film forming component of paint. It is the only component that must be present; other components listed below are included optionally, depending on the desired properties of the cured film.
The binder imparts adhesion, binds the pigments together, and strongly influences such properties as gloss potential, exterior durability, flexibility, and toughness.
Binders can be categorized according to drying, or curing mechanism. The four most common are simple solvent evaporation, oxidative crosslinking, catalyzed polymerization, and coalescence. There are others.
Note that drying and curing are two different processes. Drying generally refers to evaporation of vehicle, whereas curing refers to polymerization of the binder. Depending on chemistry and composition, any particular paint may undergo either, or both processes. Thus, there are paints that dry only, those that dry then cure, and those that do not depend on drying for curing.
Paints that dry by simple solvent evaporation contain a solid binder dissolved in a solvent; this forms a solid film when the solvent evaporates, and the film can re-dissolve in the solvent again. Classic nitrocellulose lacquers fall into this category, as do non-grain raising stains composed of dyes dissolved in solvent.
Latex paint is a water-based dispersion of sub-micrometre polymer particles. The term "latex" in the context of paint simply means an aqueous dispersion; latex rubber (the sap of the rubber tree that has historically been called latex) is not an ingredient. These dispersions are prepared by emulsion polymerization. Latex paints cure by a process called coalescence where first the water, and then the trace, or coalescing, solvent, evaporate and draw together and soften the latex binder particles and fuse them together into irreversibly bound networked structures, so that the paint will not redissolve in the solvent/water that originally carried it. Residual surfactants in the paint as well as hydrolytic effects with some polymers cause the paint to remain susceptible to softening and, over time, degradation by water.
Paints that cure by oxidative crosslinking are generally single package coatings that when applied, the exposure to oxygen in the air starts a process that crosslinks and polymerizes the binder component. Classic alkyd enamels would fall into this category.
Paints that cure by catalyzed polymerization are generally two package coatings that polymerize by way of a chemical reaction initiated by mixing resin and hardener, and which cure by forming a hard plastic structure. Depending on composition they may need to dry first, by evaporation of solvent. Classic two package epoxies or polyurethanes would fall into this category.
Recent environmental requirements restrict the use of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and alternative means of curing have been developed, particularly for industrial purposes. In UV curing paints, the solvent is evaporated first, and hardening is then initiated by ultraviolet light. In powder coatings there is little or no solvent, and flow and cure are produced by heating of the substrate after application of the dry powder.
The main purpose of the vehicle is to adjust the viscosity of the paint. It is volatile and does not become part of the paint film. It can also control flow and application properties, and affect the stability of the paint while in liquid state. Its main function is as the carrier for the non volatile components. Volatile substances impart their properties temporarily—once the solvent has evaporated or disintegrated, the remaining paint is fixed to the surface.
This component is optional: some paints have no diluent.
Water is the main vehicle for water-based paints.
Solvent-based, sometimes called oil-based, paints can have various combinations of solvents as the vehicle, including aliphatics, aromatics, alcohols, and ketones. These include organic solvents such as petroleum distillate, esters, glycol ethers, and the like. Sometimes volatile low-molecular weight synthetic resins also serve as diluents. Such solvents are used when water resistance, grease resistance, or similar properties are desired.
Also note that the term "vehicle" is industrial jargon. In some companies the term is used to refer to the solvent and in others, it is used to refer to the binder.
Besides the three main categories of ingredients, paint can have a wide variety of miscellaneous additives, which are usually added in very small amounts and yet give a very significant effect on the product. Some examples include additives to modify surface tension, improve flow properties, improve the finished appearance, increase wet edge, improve pigment stability, impart antifreeze properties, control foaming, control skinning, etc. Other types of additives include catalysts, thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers, texturizers, adhesion promoters, UV stabilizers, flatteners (de-glossing agents), biocides to fight bacterial growth, and the like.
Electrochromic paints change color in response to an applied electric current. Car manufacturer Nissan has been reportedly working on an electrochromic paint for use in its vehicles, based on particles of paramagnetic iron oxide. When subjected to an electromagnetic field the paramagnetic particles change spacing, modifying their color and reflective properties. The electromagnetic field would be formed using the conductive metal of the car body. Electrochromic paints can be applied to plastic substrates as well, using a different coating chemistry. The technology involves using special dyes that change conformation when an electric current is applied across the film itself. Recently, this new technology has been used to achieve glare protection at the touch of a button in passenger airplane windows.
Since the time of the Renaissance, siccative (drying) oil paints, primarily linseed oil, have been the most commonly used kind of paints in fine art applications; oil paint is still common today. However, in the 20th century, water-based paints, including watercolors and acrylic paints, became very popular with the development of acrylic and other latex paints. Milk paints (also called casein), where the medium is derived from the natural emulsion that is milk, were popular in the 19th century and are still available today. Egg tempera (where the medium is an emulsion of egg yolk mixed with oil) is still in use as well, as are encaustic wax-based paints. Gouache is a variety of watercolor paint which was also used in the Middle Ages and Renaissance for manuscript illumination. The pigment was often made from ground semiprecious stones such as lapis lazuli and the binder made from either gum arabic or egg white. Gouache is commercially available today.
Poster paint has been used primarily in the creation of student works, or by children.
As a solid (usually used in industrial and automotive applications), the paint is applied as a very fine powder, then baked at high temperature. This melts the powder and causes it to adhere (stick) to the surface. The reasons for doing this involve the chemistries of the paint, the surface itself, and perhaps even the chemistry of the substrate (the overall object being painted). This is commonly referred to as "powder coating" an object.
As a gas or as a gaseous suspension, the paint is suspended in solid or liquid form in a gas that is sprayed on an object. The paint sticks to the object. This is commonly referred to as "spray painting" an object. The reasons for doing this include:
In the liquid application, paint can be applied by direct application using brushes, paint rollers, blades, other instruments, or body parts. Examples of body parts include fingerpainting, where the paint is applied by hand, whole-body painting (popular in the 1960s avant-garde movement), and cave painting, in which a pigment (usually finely-ground charcoal) is held in the mouth and spat at a wall (Note: some paints are toxic and might cause death or permanent injury).
Paint application by spray is the most popular method in industry. In this, paint is atomized by the force of compressed air or by the action of high pressure compression of the paint itself, which results in the paint being turned into small droplets which travel to the article which is to be painted.
Rollers generally have a handle that allows for different lengths of poles which can be attached to allow for painting at different heights. Generally, roller application takes two coats for even color. A roller with a thicker nap is used to apply paint on uneven surfaces. Edges are often finished with an angled brush.
After liquid paint is applied, there is an interval during which it can be blended with additional painted regions (at the "wet edge") called "open time." The open time of an oil or alkyd-based emulsion paint can be extended by adding white spirit, similar glycols such as Dowanol (propylene glycol ether) or commercial open time prolongers. This can also facilitate the mixing of different wet paint layers for aesthetic effect. Latex and acrylic emulsions require the use of drying retardants suitable for water-based coatings.
Paint may also be applied by flipping the paint, dripping, or by dipping an object in paint.
Interior/exterior house paint tends to separate when stored, the heavier components settling to the bottom. It should be mixed before use, with a flat wooden stick or a paint mixing accessory; pouring it back and forth between two containers is also an effective manual mixing method. Paint stores have machines for mixing the paint by shaking it vigorously in the can for a few minutes.
Water-based paints tend to be the safest, and easiest to clean up after using—the brushes and rollers can be cleaned with soap and water.
It is difficult to reseal the paint container and store the paint well for a long period of time. Store upside down, for a good seal, in a cool dry place. Protect from freezing.
Proper disposal of paint is a challenge. Avoid acquiring excess paint. Look for suitable recycled paint before buying more. Try to find recycled uses for your left over paint. Paints of similar chemistry can be mixed to make a larger amount of a uniform color. Old paint may be usable for a primer coat or an intermediate coat.
If you must dispose of paint, small quantities of water based paint can be carefully dried by leaving the lid off until it solidifies, and then disposing with normal trash. But oil based paint should be treated as hazardous waste, and disposed of according to local regulations.
Ancient painted walls at Dendera, Egypt, which were exposed for many ages to the open air, still possess a perfect brilliancy of color, as vivid as when they were painted about 2000 years ago. The Egyptians mixed their colors with some gummy substance, and applied them detached from each other without any blending or mixture. They appeared to have used six colors: white, black, blue, red, yellow, and green. They first covered the field entirely with white, upon which they traced the design in black, leaving out the lights of the ground color. They used minium for red, and generally of a dark tinge.
Pliny mentions some painted ceilings in his day in the town of Ardea, which had been executed at a date prior to the foundation of Rome. He expresses great surprise and admiration at their freshness, after the lapse of so many centuries.
Paint was made with the yolk of eggs and therefore, the substance would harden and stick onto the surface applied.
Some red paint was made of blood of animals.


A Buddhist shrine found in many Japanese homes to honor the ancestors. When someone dies, the Buddhist priest gives a name to the deceased which is inscribed on an ihai (tablet) and placed on the butsudan. Offerings of food, flowers, and incense are made regularly upon the butsudan, and Buddhist scriptures are read in front of it. (from Wikipedia)
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The main focus of general public wellness is regarding the ongoing wellness, security and well-being of whole populations. A distinctive facet of the approach is the fact that it strives to produce the utmost advantage when it comes to number that is largest of individuals.
Public health draws on a technology base this is certainly multi-disciplinary. It depends on knowledge from a diverse array of procedures including medication, epidemiology, sociology, psychology, criminology, training, and economics. 1 This knowledge that is broad has permitted the world of general general public wellness to react effectively to a selection of health issues throughout the world.
The general public wellness approach additionally emphasizes input from diverse sectors including health, training, social solutions, justice, policy while the personal sector. 1 Collective action in the section of these stakeholders might help in handling issues like physical violence.
The general public wellness approach is a four-step process that is rooted into the method that is scientific. It could be put on physical violence as well as other health conditions that affect populations.
Step one: establish and Monitor the difficulty
The step that is first preventing physical physical physical violence is always to comprehend the вЂњwhoвЂќ, вЂњwhatвЂќ, вЂњwhenвЂќ, вЂњwhereвЂќ and вЂњhowвЂќ associated along with it. Grasping the magnitude associated with issue involves analyzing information such because the quantity of violence-related actions, accidents, and fatalities. Information can show how often physical violence happens, where it really is happens, styles, and whom the victims and perpetrators are. These information can be had from authorities reports, medical examiner files, public information, hospital maps, registries, population-based studies, along with other sources.
Step two: Identify Danger and Defensive Aspects
It isn’t sufficient to understand the magnitude of a general public health condition. It is essential to determine what factors protect individuals or place them at an increased risk for experiencing or violence that is perpetrating. Exactly why are danger and protective facets of good use? They assist recognize where avoidance efforts should be concentrated. Danger facets usually do not cause physical physical physical violence. The clear presence of a danger element does not always mean that the individual will experience violence always. Victims should never be accountable for the harm inflicted upon them.
- Danger Factor вЂ“ Characteristic that boosts the odds of an individual being a target or perpetrator of physical physical violence.
- Protective Factor вЂ“ Characteristic that decreases the probability of an individual becoming a perpetrator or victim of physical physical physical violence or offers a buffer against danger.
Step three: Develop and Test Prevention Methods
Findings through the extensive research literary works and information from requirements assessments, community studies, stakeholder interviews, and concentrate teams are of help for designing avoidance methods. Making use of these information and findings is recognized as an approach that is evidence-based program planning. As soon as avoidance methods are implemented, these are typically evaluated rigorously to find out their effectiveness.
Step: Guarantee Widespread Use
The techniques been shown to be effective in step three are then adopted and implemented more broadly. Communities ought to implement techniques on the basis of the most readily useful available proof and to constantly evaluate whether or not the strategy is a great fit because of the community context and attaining its objective of preventing physical physical violence. Dissemination processes to promote extensive use include training, networking, technical help, and assessment.
1. Dahlberg LL, Krug EG. Violence: a worldwide health problem that is public. In: Krug E, Dahlberg LL, Mercy JA, Zwi AB, Lozano R, eds. World Report on Violence and Wellness. Geneva, Switzerland: World Wellness Organization;:1-56.
The advantages and disadvantages of Using online dating sites and Dating Apps
Online dating sites is really a growing trend with a big most of individuals attempting it to locate a partner creating an online business. With a few quality internet internet web web sites such as uniformdating , singles can find romance by now searching for guys, females, bisexuals, matures, sugar daddies and mommies and someone else in what turns them in.
Even though the trend keeps growing more powerful because of the people still share dating stories full of frustration and confusion day. Each one highlights how using sites that are dating apps has downsides in addition to advantages.
Just just just exactly How online dating sites ends up for folks varies according to the website they join together with work they placed into getting to understand prospective times before they meet. Below are a few of the most extremely pros that are obvious cons surrounding online dating services and apps.
One of the greatest advantages is that singles get access to huge number of prospective lovers they simply would not fulfill in lifestyle.
An additional benefit is finding matches for unique choices. Here is the draw for individuals searching for lovers of the type that is certain with a specific orientation or life style.
During the more technical degree, online dating sites act as the standard matchmakers did – just now the matches are sorted by algorithms utilizing information from pages and character tests to fit suitable people.
Having the ability to interact with a possible date before conference lowers the potential risks around fulfilling a complete stranger. One of the best advantages is it is possible to get acquainted with possible times over low anxiety and texting that is relatively risk-free. Fulfilling brand brand brand new times in this way is a blessing for those who have busy working everyday lives and saves time that is wasting useless times.
Therefore, here you will find the disadvantages.
The accessibility to a lot of possible lovers can be a boon or bane. You may be provided choices that are many sorting the wheat through the chaff becomes time intensive and confusing. Without a strategy, singles can find yourself caught utilizing the basic concept of locating the ‘perfect’ partner who ticks almost all their bins instead of fulfilling folks who are more realistically suitable.
While web web internet sites take to their utmost, it is often extremely hard to get really accurate matches and this frequently results in frustration. It is the thing that makes some individuals state that online internet dating sites are fake and inadequate. The problem is more about objectives.
Many web web internet web sites do not have way that is effective figure out the authenticity of a profile rather they will have membership costs that deter most scammers. However, it doesn’t determine those who lie to their pages.
Regardless of the cons, many singles elect to put pages on line. There is without any other method for numerous performing adults to get and fulfill a prospective date. Undoubtedly, joining a dating that is online had previously been a bit hit and miss. Small databases threw down matches which were not really shut at random. Internet dating is a giant industry that is social and dating website people come across the millions on popular web web web sites considering that the improvements in big information storage space in addition to algorithms that can manage sorting through extremely vast levels of information. There might be horror tales into the modern relationship globe, but you will find just like numerous tales of lasting romance that is online. During these contemporary times, it is become typical to get true love in a chatroom offered you look difficult sufficient.
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Rosh Hashanah (also Rosh Hashanah, in Ashkenazi pronunciation noise ha - ha - Schono or Roisch Schono or popularly known in Yiddish Rosche Schone, Rosche Schune; Hebrew ראֹשׁ הַשָּׁנָה, Principal of the Year, the beginning of the year ') is the Jewish New Year. The Mishnah, the most important collection of religious traditions of rabbinic Judaism, puts this firmly fixed as the beginning and for the calculation of the calendar year.
The New Year's greeting is שנה טובה Shana tova, a good year or שנה טובה ומתוקה Shana tova u'metuka, a good and sweet year.
Time and embedding in the Jewish calendar
Rosh Hashanah falls according to the Jewish calendar on the first of Tishri, which falls in September or in the first half of October according to the Gregorian calendar. The precise date in the Gregorian calendar changes from year to year because the Jewish calendar with 12 lunar months 29-30 days counted ( Synodic 29,53 days). To bring the 354 or 355 days of the solar year into line, about every three years, a whole leap month is inserted.
On Rosh Hashanah begin the Ten reverential days (Hebrew Yamim Nora'im ), ending with the Day of Atonement Yom Kippur. The rabbinic literature describes this day as a day of judgment. Some descriptions depict God as sitting upon a throne, with books with the deeds of all people lie open before him.
The New year greeting " Good slip " is etymologically possibly a corruption from the Yiddish or Bible Hebrew and derives from the Hebrew ראש השנה טוב Rosh Hashanah tov ( = a good start, literally: head - of the year - well, so something like: " good New Year " ) from. This phrase should have become familiar to the early 20th century in German.
The Rosh Hashanah is biblically attested in Leviticus 23.24 to 25 EU Numbers 29.1-6 EFA and the basic features in Ez 40.1 LUT. It starts in the fall, at the end of the day after the 29th day of the Jewish month of Elul. It takes two days to the end of the day of the second day of the month of Tishri (even in Israel where otherwise most holidays are only one day ). The second day was added later. There is evidence that Rosh Hashanah was celebrated only one day to the 13th century in Jerusalem.
Reform Judaism celebrates generally only the first day of the feast. Orthodox Judaism and Conservative Judaism observe both the first and the second day.
Rosh Hashanah occurs 163 days after the first day of Passover. Under the currently valid Gregorian calendar Rosh Hashanah can not occur before September 5, such as in 1899 and again in 2013. According to the year 2089 the differences between the Jewish calendar and the Gregorian calendar will result in Rosh ha Hashanah can not be earlier than September 6. Rosh Hashanah can not be later than October 5, such as in 1967 and again in 2043. The Jewish calendar is structured such that the first day of Rosh Hashanah never on a Wednesday, Friday or Sunday falls.
The following table shows the dates of Rosh Hashanah, the last and the next for years. Rosh Hashanah begins at sunset of the evening before the date specified in the table.
The Samaritans are celebrating their Rosh Hashanah, however, in the spring, at the beginning of the month Abib. Some researchers believe that this is the original pan- Israelite custom. The disputes about the date of Rosh Hashanah go back to Talmudic times ( Mischnatraktat Rosh Hashanah ).
Even after the Torah begins in spring ( on 1 Nisan ) in the New Year Ex 12:2 LUT ( 2 Genesis 12:2).
Religious classification, traditions and customs
Rosh Hashanah is the beginning, according to the Talmud and in consequence anniversary of the creation of the world, but also stands for the anniversary of the birth of Adam. It is the day of the claim, to take stock of the moral and religious behavior in the past year, and it occurs with prayers for a good future ahead of God.
It is a day of shofar blowing. In the Torah, this day is also known as the day of the shofar. ( Lev 23.23 to 25 EU) It is also called " day of blowing noise ".
Rosh Hashanah is not a day of mourning, but a celebration, at which the Jews - to rejoice - because of God's mercy. Apart from the Hallel, which is omitted in the New Year, it is like all other festivals in his solemn features: clothes, washing, hair cutting, inner preparation and festive meals.
Rosh Hashanah is Yom Hadin, " Judgment Day ": On New Year three books are opened. Ins the very first " righteous " are entered, "Get Seal of Life" which immediately. In the second book, the very " evil" can be entered which will receive the "seal of death." And the third book is for the " mediocre " determines who can demonstrate both sins as merit. The final judgment will remain open during the period from New Year's Day to the Day of Atonement. Through introspection and repentance, it is possible to obtain the seal of the living.
The order of prayers, shofar, kiddush and meals, which is valid for the first New Year's Day, is also true for the second New Year's Day. However, it is not a "second holiday ", as is common in the diaspora with the other holidays. Both days together called the Talmud as a 48- hour-long holiday. Because of this provision is the fear that you might " unnecessary benedictions " at Shehecheyanu, Kerzenanzünden and the Kaddish said on the second day. In order to overcome these doubts out of the way, pulling on the second New Year's generally a new garment and provides a bowl on the table that contains fruits that you have not eaten this time of year. The blessings you will now obtain it.
In the afternoon of the first day, there is the custom of Tashlich, after a prayer for the forgiveness of sins this strip symbolically by throwing rocks or bread crumbs into the water.
The synagogue is held on Rosh Hashanah, as well as the prayer leader predominantly in white. This is to symbolize purity.
Enjoyment of honey cake ( Honek - Lejkech ) Zimmes, grapes, sweet wine and dipped in honey apple (or challah ) discs press the hope for a good, sweet year. Also a symbolic piece of a fish or sheep's head with the words, sometimes " May it be your will that we be the head and not the tail " eating.
Another custom is the eating of pomegranates, which contain many nuclei. For this we say: " May it be Your will that our rights are increasing as the pomegranate. "
In Yiddish-speakers communities carrots ( numbers) with the words were " May it be thy will, that our rights are increasing " eaten. Sometimes dates are eaten, whereby said: " May it be Your will that our detractors and accusers perish. "
The blessing after the service is " leschana towa tikatewu " or Ashkenazi " leschono tauwo tikossejwu " ( "You may be accounted inscribed for a good year"). Before Rosh Hashanah visiting the graves of deceased relatives and " righteous " to be inspired by the memory of their lives for the coming year. In the morning before the New Year festival is after the morning prayer, the " delivering vows " instead (before three faithful who have formed for this purpose, a "court" ).


Systemizing Quotient for Adolescents (SQ-Adolescent Version)
Select Language (google translate):
Type of Measure: According to the empathizing-systemizing theory (E-S theory), there are individual differences in the wiring of the brain that result in two different modes a person may process information: empathizing and systemizing. Empathizing is the drive to identify another person’s emotions and thoughts and to respond to these with an appropriate emotion. Systemizing, however, is the drive to analyse the variables in a system and to derive the underlying rules that govern the behaviour of a system. Systemizing also refers to the drive to construct systems. Systemizing allows you to predict the behaviour of a system, and to control it. Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are believed to have less ability to empathize and be more systemizing than the general population (Baron-Cohen, Richler, Bisarya, Gurunathan, & Wheelwright, 2003). In conjunction with the Empathizing Quotient (EQ), the Systemizing Quotient (SQ) was designed to test the E-S theory.
The SQ-Adolescent Version was designed to be short, easy to complete, and easy to score. The 39-item questionnaire is Likert format and contains a list of statements about real life situations, experiences, and interests where sympathizing abilities are required. Parents are asked to indicate how strongly they agree with each statement about their child by ticking one of four options: ‘definitely agree’, ‘slightly agree’, ‘slightly disagree’, or ‘definitely disagree’. Each of the items scores 1 point if the respondent records the behavior mildly, or 2 points if the respondent records the behavior strongly. To avoid a response bias, approximately half the items were worded to produce a ‘‘disagree’’ response and half to produce an ‘‘agree’’ response. The questionnaires were adapted from the adult and child versions of the SQ. Items were revised to be age-appropriate but kept as close to the Adult and Child versions as possible, with most questions aimed at the same behaviors. The maximum score for this questionnaire is 78.
Target Population: Adolesents with normal intelligence ages 12-16
Measurement properties and previous use: Auyeung, Allision, Wheelwright, and Baron-Cohen (2012) examined the psychometric properties of the SQ-Adolescent Version in a sample of mothers of adolescents between 12 and 16 years of age (M = 14.08, SD = 1.25), comprising 2 groups: typically developing adolescents or adolescents with ASC, as diagnosed by psychiatrists or an appropriate clinician (e.g. clinical psychologists) using established criteria.
Using data from the typically developing group, an item analysis was conducted to examine if there were items that could be eliminated to reduce the length of the questionnaires. Items with corrected item-total correlation value below 0.3 were not included when calculating total scores. For the SQ, the excluded items were numbers 3, 5, 8, 18, 22, 25, 28, 31, 35, 38, 40, 44, 45, 48, 50 and 52, with 39 remaining items. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated using the retained items, and showed high internal consistency (alpha = 0.89).
Six months after initial contact, n = 375 participants from the typically developing group were asked to complete a second copy of the SQ in order to examine test–retest reliability, resulting in 333 test–retest pairs (171 girls, 162 boys). Intra-class correlations for the SQ (r = 0.94, p < 0.001) demonstrated good test–retest reliability.
A one-way between subjects analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to examine if group (typical girls, typical boys, girls with ASC and boys with ASC) differences existed. There was a significant difference between groups F(3,1239) = 49.61, p<0.001). Post hoc Tukey HSD tests showed significant differences (p < 0.001) with with typical boys (M = 27.22, SD = 12.71) scoring higher than typical girls (M = 21.64, SD = 12.05). No difference between girls with ASC and typically developing boys (p<0.05) was observed. Boys with ASC (M = 34.69, SD = 15.45) scored significantly higher than typical girls and boys (p <0.001). No significant differences were found between boys and girls with ASC (p <0.05)
The authors therefore concluded that, like the child and adult versions, these measures show good variability, internal consistency, and test retest reliability.
Authors and Citation: Auyeung, B., Allison, C., Wheelwright, S., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2012). Brief report: development of the adolescent empathy and systemizing quotients. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 42(10), 2225-2235.
Licence: This measure is freely available online, and may be used along with proper citiation. You are welcome to download these tests provided that they are used for genuine research purposes, and provided due acknowledgement of Autism Research Centre (ARC) as the source is given.
Link to measure: Systemizing Quotient for Adolescents (SQ-Adolescent Version)
Corrections or updates? Let us know!


Owls are a group of birds which are known by their silent flight, distinct call and their nocturnal habits. Owls are familiar to many people as it appears in some children’s stories like Harry Potter, Mrs. Frisby and Winnie The Pooh and it has been shown as the noble and wise character.
There are 216 species of owls which exists today, divided to two families, as 18 belong to the Barn Owl family (Tytonidae), while the other 198 species belong to typical owl family (Strigidae). Mostly, owls hunt small mammals such as mice, squirrels, voles and rabbits, other birds, insects, reptiles and there are some specialized species which hunt fish.
They can’t chew their prey, because they don’t have teeth; but swallow whole small prey and tear the large prey into small pieces. Owls are characterized by their wide faces, small peaks and rounded eyes. They couldn’t move their eyes within its sockets, their eyes are fixed within sockets, so they turn their heads to see in the different directions.
Owls’ ears are located behind their eyes as they have acute sense of hearing which helps them to capture and locate their prey. Owls can create many different sounds not just hoot and not all species are able to hoot. Owls could make other sounds like screams, screeches and hisses; owls’ sounds are low-pitched and loud. Despite darkness, their loud sounds could travel through the air to enable them to declare territories and locate their mates.


Poetry Wanes Before Logical Thought
“Language,” said Ralph Waldo Emerson, “is fossil poetry.”
Owen Barfield used that quote in the conclusion of his classic Poetic Diction. He said the pithy phrase “covers practically” everything in his book.
But what does it mean?
It means that poetry came prior to language, which means it came prior to logical thought (language is “the prime material of logical construction” (Poetic Diction (1984), p 62). By the time language progressed through millennia, it lost its poetic beginnings and, though it retains things like metaphor, it is a fossilized remnant of itself.
It became that fossilized remnant because, even though language came prior to logical thought, logic in turn employed language for its own purposes. As western civilization progressed, logic became stronger and stronger. The stronger it became, the more poetry receded. “As civilization advances, poetry almost necessarily declines.” Macauley (PD, 68).
Yet, poetry clearly required some sort of thought. It isn’t just rational or logical thought. It is, to frame it in a Taoist way, “non-thought.” And because it was prior to logical thought, poetry is higher than prose (the tool of logical thought).
But if poetry isn’t “logical thought,” what is it?
It is “poetic knowledge” (which is the title of a minor classic work by James Taylor . . . no, not the 1970s singer/songwriter).
Owen Barfield Anticipated Iain McGilchrist
All this was prompted when I attended a lecture by Professor Brad Birzer about the Inklings last Sunday. Birzer has a book coming out about the Inklings (JRR Tolkien, CS Lewis, and many others). Birzer said Owen Barfield’s classic "exerted a profound influence" on the Inklings (go to minute 31:35 at "a lecture" immediately above), especially Tolkien (34:04), who had already reached many of Barfield's conclusion (and had started creating Middle Earth over a decade before Barfield published Poetic Diction).
It’s thought-provoking stuff, but those conclusions in Poetic Diction were reached 100 years ago. Archeology and contemporary science have taught us a lot in the past 100 years that Barfield wouldn’t have had access to (though he lived long, until 1997).
Does that whole concept (language started poetic in a pre-logic mode then degenerated/advanced into logic-bound prose) hold up?
When Professor Birzer provided a nutshell summary of Poetic Diction, I perked up. It was like he was paraphrasing McGilchrist’s The Master and His Emissary.
Birzer on Poetic Diction: The book describes how rationalism and logic have crippled the pre-rational poetic nature of our language.
McGilchrist: The left hemisphere and its tools of logic, manipulation, and division have usurped the primacy of the right hemisphere’s “tools” of music, empathy, and wholeness.
When I got home from the lecture, I immediately combed through McGilchrist’s chapter “Language, Truth and Music,” looking for corroboration. It didn’t take me long.
Barfield, citing the nineteenth century’s Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thomas Macaulay, said the earliest language was poetic.
McGilchrist, citing various sources including Benedetto Croce and British Classicist K.J. Dover (died in 2010), writes about “the otherwise baffling historical fact that poetry evolved before prose.” (105).
McGilchrist denigrates prose, noting that it was first known as pezos logos, meaning “pedestrian logos,” as opposed to the dancing logos of poetry. He points out that early poetry was sung:
[T]he evolution of literary skill progresses, if that is the correct word, from right-hemisphere music (words that are sung), to right-hemisphere language (the metaphorical language of poetry), to left-hemisphere language (the referential language of prose).
That was just the warm-up. The rest of the chapter is a paean to poetic knowledge and a condemnation of our left hemisphere’s obsession with rationality, control, and their tools: prose.
He emphasizes, citing numerous examples and proofs, that language is not necessary for thought at all. Indeed, McGilchrist points out that language can impede thought. Most thinking, he points out, occurs without prose (language as we know/use it today). Imagination, innovation, intuitive problem-solving, and artistic creativity all require us to transcend prose.
McGilchrist notes that the right hemisphere’s exclusive ability to relate to the outside world gives it the exclusive ability to understand metaphor. He points out the non-purposive and social nature of music, when contrasted to the manipulative and controlling nature of prose. He sees that the wu-wei, non-action, of Taoism is closely related to one of the right hemisphere’s main tools: intuition (as opposed to rationality, which is the left hemisphere’s main weapon).
Tolkien’s Elves, No Doubt Informed by Barfield’s Poetic Diction, Embody McGilchrist’s Ideal Brain
When I got done with McGilchrist’s chapter on language, I suddenly realized that he was describing an earlier age, one that predated the grasping, exploitative, manipulative rationality of modernity.
I then realized that Tolkien scholars consistently say that’s exactly what Tolkien was doing when he created Middle Earth, which isn’t surprising, since he worked within the proto-McGilchrist Barfield’s understanding of poetic language and knowledge.
Part of me wanted to conclude that Tolkien’s description of the Shire is proto-McGilchrist. But upon reflection, I don’t think so. I think the Shire is more like a world where the right hemisphere, and its love of music and poetry and friendship, was still master, but where the left hemisphere, and its love of writing and commerce, was already exercising a measure of independence from its master. The Shire was a world divided, so to speak, or a culture undergoing evolution, but still one where the right hemisphere was mostly in control.
I think Tolkien’s perfect proto-McGilchrist form is found in Rivendell and Lorien, the last kingdoms of the elves. The elves, I believe, display the proper relationship between the hemispheres, almost to perfection: the musical and poetic and playful nature of the right hemisphere served by the more mundane functions of the left hemisphere.
The elf could mesmerize by singing with a harp, then put it down to kill an orc with a sword.
It is, I believe, a perfect illustration of the master right hemisphere dispatching his emissarial left hemisphere. After the task is done, the harp is picked back up and the left hemisphere (with its tools of practical skills and control) relaxes at his master’s feet until called upon again.


The definition of descriptive statistics has been given by Wikipedia, which states: “A descriptive statistic describes a series of observations or events in terms that are generally less precise than those of a quantitative statistical analysis, but that has the advantage of enabling an analyst to make some inferences about the characteristics of the data, regardless of whether or not they can be measured in more detail.” A descriptive statistic, as explained by Wikipedia, is essentially a summary statistic, which is usually quantitatively less detailed than a quantitative statistical analysis, yet it is still useful to make a judgment about the underlying data. A descriptive statistic is basically the process of comparing and interpreting the observations that are being described, and is often used in research studies.
Descriptive statistics come into play when data is collected for a particular study, which would include a number of samples taken from different groups of people. By using statistical methods such as the chi-square test or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, researchers can make some generalizations, based on these samples. These methods are called descriptive statistics, since they describe the data, rather than describing it. If these methods are used properly, it is possible to draw conclusions about the sample without having to make any statistical assumptions.
Descriptive statistics are used when a researcher is trying to get a better idea of what is happening in a certain population. For example, a researcher might want to determine if a particular drug or alcohol abuse treatment program is actually effective at helping a certain group of people. In order to do this, he or she will need to describe what he or she is looking at, and then make a generalization from that description. For instance, the researcher could conclude that since certain types of abuse treatments were more effective than others, then he or she should probably focus on those types. However, he or she might also conclude that a particular type is not effective, in which case he or she would not be making a generalization, but instead stating that.
Descriptive statistics also play an important role in scientific research. When you conduct a study, the purpose of your data collection is to answer questions that are specific to the questions that you have. If the research project requires you to gather data from many different individuals at various points in time, and you need to come up with a generalization about the group at the end of the project, then you will need to use descriptive data collection methods such as the chi-square test or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test to make a judgment about how likely the data is to be reliable.
When you collect data for any type of research, you need to understand that the data that you have is not perfect. It might have errors or inconsistencies. This is why descriptive data collection is so important. The way you describe the data can influence the way the data is interpreted. If you had collected the data using proper scientific techniques, then the data would not be as inaccurate or inconsistent.
Descriptive data can also help in identifying trends, in order to make a more accurate prediction or forecast. There are a number of ways that descriptive data can be used to do this. Some of these methods include regression analysis, panel analysis, interval estimation, mixed effects modeling, and propensity score matching.
Although most data used for descriptive purposes is not perfect, it is also important to note that the data used to make a prediction about the underlying data might have a great deal of error. It is important to note that it can have a large number of sources of error. The goal is to reduce the bias that is present in the data and to be as accurate as possible. This is why it is important to have multiple sources, and sources of data, so that there will be a number of different interpretations of the data.
Regardless of what type of statistical method you are using, it is important to note that the information you get from the study should be reliable and accurate. If you use a data set with a lot of errors, then you are making it more difficult to determine the generalization that you have made about the data. If you use data sets with less errors, then you are making it more likely that your results will be consistent.


Seychelles is an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, off East Africa, south of the equator. Some facts about Seychelles the country has a land area of 118 square miles (about 455 square kilometers). The country is well known for its beaches, coral reefs, diving, nature reserves and rare wildlife such as giant Aldabra tortoises. Technically, Seychelles is the smallest continent in the world.
The population is growing smaller as a result of out-migration. Seychelles has a good number of native species, especially of birds and plants.
Currency: Seychellois rupee
Population: 89,173 (2013) World Bank
President: James Michel
Government: Presidential Republic
Population: Nearly 80,000 (2016 estimate)
Random Facts About Seychelles
Here are 10 other random facts about Seychelles that you will love to read.
1. EUROPEAN, THEN AFRICAN
Today, the people of Seychelles consider themselves to be of African descent. However, the island of Seychelles was not settled when the Europeans arrived and occupied it. So, at least technically speaking, the natives of the country are the whites.
2. PAYMENT WITH BOOZE
In the plantations, wages are most times paid with booze. As a result of this, alcoholism is very rampant on the Seychelles Island. The working class usually drinks alone. And the most popular booze on the island is palm wine.
3. MEAT GRACES OCCASIONS
In most countries, foods for ceremonial occasions are special and more abundant. Not so on the Seychelles Island. On this island, there are no special foods for any occasions. One thing, though, is special on such occasions. That is meat!
4. SKIN COLOR AND CLASS
In Seychelles, the degree to which color and class determine social order is not well-defined. In fact, it is currently a keenly contested issue. However, Seychellois use the skin color terms to identify the person they are talking about.
5. SOCIAL PROBLEMS
Like every country and society in the world, Seychelles has its own social problems. These include:
- Domestic violence
- Sexual abuse of children
The government and the NGOs in Seychelles are working hard to bring these under control.
6. GENDER AND WORK
Both males and females work in all jobs in Seychelles. There is no gender discrimination in that area at all. However, it is not easy to find women in the fishing business. Only males engage in that. But in administration, it is just about 40/60 in favor of men.
7. STATUS OF WOMEN
Generally speaking, the relative status of women and men is a win-some-lose-some kind of ping-pong. For example, within the family, women control the economic resources and often pursue economic careers. However, women are usually the victims when it comes to domestic violence.
8. MAN-WOMAN RELATIONSHIP
Consensual relationships are very common. Polygamy is not practiced on the island, but most unions are unstable. And divorces and breakups are common. 50%-60% of child births on the island are to a single mother. And in most cases, the children are not acknowledged by the fathers.
9. PRE-NUPTIAL MARRIAGE AGREEMENTS
Where there is a formal marriage, it is out of a well-arranged plan. There is usually a strong contractual arrangement to such marriages. And the contractual agreements usually have clear division of responsibilities between men and women.
10. WOMEN SPEND ALL MONIES
Most marriages occur within the same social and color strata. In most of such working class marriages, the man gives his salary to the woman to be used for the home: food, clothes, and the children. The woman uses her own income for furniture and other durables in the house. But she keeps them if the union dissolves.


If you are the least bit intuitive, you know when something is not right with your dog. It might be subtle, but the slightest change in behavior puts you on guard. Yeast infections in dogs aren’t always easy to detect in the early stages.
Today, I’m going to give you the scoop on what to look for in case you think your dog might have a yeast infection and exactly what you can do about it.
Yeast Infections in Dogs Can Be More Complicated Than You Think
Dogs with weakened immune systems are more likely to develop a yeast (fungus) infection. Medicated dogs or dogs who have other illnesses may be more susceptible to these infections because of a lowered immune response.
Medication used to treat diabetes or Addison’s disease can leave the dog’s immune system compromised, and the weakened immune system leaves the dog unable to fight the invasion of fungi.
— MaggieLovesOrbit (@MaggieOrbit) March 29, 2018
Fungal or Yeast Infections Can Take Two Different Forms:
Some fungi affect only the skin or mucous membranes. Examples include things like parasites (ringworm in particular) or thrush. Systemic fungi are widespread within the body and affect the organs.
This strain of yeast infection, considered “subclinical”, means that the initial symptoms could be too subtle to notice or treat. In fact, you might think your dog has a cold/mild respiratory infection.
This fungus originates in the Central United States near the Great Lakes, Appalachian Mountains, Texas and the valleys of the Mississippi, Ohio, and Missouri rivers.
The soil in these areas is nitrogen rich, where fungus easily grows. Spores are found in soil contaminated by the excrement of wildlife and are inhaled unknowingly by people and dogs.
Symptoms might include:
- Weight Loss
In rare systemic cases, symptoms could involve:
- Weight Loss
- Muscle Wasting
- Enlargement of the Tonsils
- Enlargement of the Lymph Nodes
- Attack on bodily organs (liver, spleen, etc.)
This type of fungus is the most severe. The spores thrive in the dry, dusty plains of southwestern United States including California. Humans and dogs can contract the fungus from inhaling spores.
Symptoms of yeast infections in dogs include:
- Causes Acute Pneumonia
- Could involve the bones
- Lymph Nodes
Dogs with this usually develop a chronic cough. Treatment is available, but a full recovery could take a year.
— MYGERMANSHEPHERD.ORG (@mygsdorg) April 2, 2018
Let me tell you a true story about this one.
I live in a small town where an elderly poet lived with a flock of seagulls. They were everywhere and made a mess of droppings on people’s homes and cars. Nobody would ever have dared go into the man’s house, because that’s where most of the seagulls resided.
Years went by and finally, he was ordered out. The poor man was deathly sick…all because of the spores inhaled from the bird droppings. I’m pretty sure he passed away shortly after.
Cryptococcosis in dogs (and humans) involves the brain, eyes, lymph nodes, and skin. Half of the dogs will show signs of breathing trouble.
Once this fungus makes its way to the brain, you’ll notice the following deadly symptoms of yeast infections in dogs:
- head pressing against hard surfaces
- sometimes standing with the head up against a wall
- and, eventually, dementia
You’ll find this particular fungus along the eastern seaboard, Great Lakes, Mississippi, Ohio, and Missouri River valleys. This type of fungus thrives in moist, rotting organic debris.
This is another fungus where spores from bird droppings are inhaled primarily by dogs. Blastomycosis involves the respiratory system and can cause serious pneumonia.
This fungus inhabits the skin after physical contact with spores from the soil. These spores gain access through breaks in the skin. Hunting dogs are most prone to this particular fungus.
Sporotrichosis shows itself as crusted sores that are nodular in shape. They’re usually at the base of the wound and ooze/drain. Diagnosis is determined with a fluorescent antibody test and treatment options are good.
General Symptoms of Systemic Yeast Infections in Dogs.
- weight loss
- muscle wasting
- enlargement of the tonsils
- enlargement of the lymph nodes
- there’s usually involvement of the dog’s organs as well (liver, spleen, bone marrow, eyes, skin, and brain)
9 Hot spots and Symptoms of Yeast Infections in Dogs
Here are the common areas where you will see visual signs of a yeast infection:
- Skin folds
- Anal area
10. Other Symptoms of Yeast Infections.
- The biggest sign will be the appearance of your dog’s skin.
Pink or red means the yeast infection is still in the early stages of infection.
- Gray or black skin
Could become thick and leathery signifies a chronic stage.
- Cheesy or spoiled milk odor
People have all kinds of ways to describe the smell, but it is very distinct.
- Scaly and greasy skin
Some yeast infections will lead to flakiness and crusting or scaling in the skin.
- Head tilting and shaking
Most yeast infections are found in the ears. If you notice your dog shaking his head or tilting his head more than the usual, you should check his ears.
- Obsessive scratching, rubbing and licking
Your dog will seek comfort so they will be scratching and licking the infected area and sometimes rub up against other surfaces or scoot along the floor to deal with the itch.
Yeast infection in the mouth can cause excessive drooling and oral discomfort.
11 Treating Symptoms of Yeast Infections in Dogs.
Treatment for yeast infections will depend on the location of the infected area, the severity of the infection, the underlying cause behind the yeast overgrowth, and the type of yeast.
- Yeast infections due to allergies will involve a plan to remove the allergens from the food, home, sleeping area, etc.
- Yeast infections caused by certain prescriptions or vaccinations can be eliminated by switching pills or brands and eliminating the use of vaccinations where possible.
- Topical ointments are prescribed for yeast infections on the skin. These ointments combined with prescribed baths are effective.Yeast infections in the ears are treated with drops.
- If the infection is internal or starts in the gut, you should consider your dog’s diet. Poor nutrition could also cause a weakened immune system, leaving your dog vulnerable to various infections.
Your Dog’s Diet
Food could be the cause of yeast overgrowth. Here are the ingredients that you should look out for in your dog food:
- white or sweet potatoes
- high-fructose corn syrup
If you see these on the label, consider switching to a healthier brand. Some dog owners have started putting their dogs on a raw food diet, which is reported to help alleviate the itching and scratching that is associated with yeast infection.
Treating a Yeast Infection at Home.
- You can use apple cider vinegar to treat yeast infection. Simply dilute the vinegar in water and massage the mixture all over your dog’s body. Be careful to avoid your dog’s eyes and nose. The vinegar will restore your dog’s pH levels and discourage further yeast growth. Keep in mind that the apple cider vinegar must be organic, unfiltered, and raw in order to get the best results.
- Coconut oil is comprised of medium-chain triglycerides which are composed of caprylic, lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids. Together, they give coconut oil strong antifungal properties, making it an ideal home remedy for yeast infections in dogs. Mix about 8 oz. of melted extra virgin coconut oil with 10 drops of lavender oil and 2 drops of lemon essential oil. Shake the mixture and massage all over your dog’s skin.
Some pet owners recommend feeding your dog yogurt. Make sure the yogurt has cultured live bacteria (It will be on the container)
- Turmeric could have anti-inflammatory and anti-fungal properties that can help your dog deal with the itchiness and at the same time, help heal the infected area. All you have to do is sprinkle the turmeric powder on the infected area.
- Adding baking soda to your pet’s drinking water can help eradicate the yeast infection and helps with the balance of bacteria in your dog’s system. Baking soda is also said to have a neutralizing effect on the whole body. All you have to do is add 1 teaspoon of baking soda to 1 liter of water.
PLEASE NOTE: ALWAYS CONSULT YOUR VETERINARIAN BEFORE LIMITING TREATMENT TO ANY OF THESE DIY OPTIONS.
Treating Yeast Infections with Probiotics.
The most vital supplement that you can get for your dog in the midst of a yeast infection is probiotics. Probiotics are “good” bacteria that will provide a natural defense against not only yeast but other bad bacteria as well.
Here are the things you should look for when shopping for probiotics:
- Buy probiotic supplements made for dogs.
- The best strains for yeast are L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, and B. bifidum.
- Look for supplements that contain prebiotics along with probiotics.
- It is best to get probiotics in powdered form. Probiotics that come in the form of food and treats are not as effective because the heat used to process them destroys the probiotic.
Yeast infections can become quite serious. Once you notice your dog is suffering, make an appointment to see the veterinarian.
A Positive Diagnosis.
If your dog has a yeast infection, always follow your veterinarian’s prescriptions and instructions. Do not stop treatment until the veterinarian tells you to do so – even if you think the symptoms are improving or gone.
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Jigsaw our PSHE/Health &
At Newtown Primary School School, we teach Personal, Social, Health Education as a whole-school approach to underpin children’s development as people and because we believe that this also supports their learning capacity.
The Jigsaw Programme offers us a comprehensive, carefully thought-through Scheme of Work which brings consistency and progression to our children’s learning in this vital curriculum area.
The overview of the programme can be seen on the school website.
This also supports the “Personal Development”and “Behaviour and Attitude” aspects required under the Ofsted Inspection Framework, as well as significantly contributing to the school’s Safeguarding and Equality Duties, the Government’s British Values aganda and the SMSC (Spiritual, Moral, Social, Cultural) development opportunities provided for our children.
Statutory Relationships and Health Education
“The Relationships Education, Relationships and Sex Education and Health Education (England) Regulations 2019, made under sections 34 and 35 of the Children and Social Work Act 2017, make Relationships Education compulsory for all pupils receiving primary education…They also make Health Education compulsory in all schools except independent schools. Personal, Social, Health and Economic Education(PSHE) continues to be compulsory in independent schools.”
DfE Guidance p.8
“Today’s children and young people are growing up in an increasingly complex world and living their lives seamlessly on and offline. This presents many positive and exciting opportunities, but also challenges and risks. In this environment, children and young people need to know how to be safe and healthy, and how to manage their academic, personal and social lives in a positive way.”
“This is why we have made Relationships Education compulsory in all primary schools in England…as well as making Health Education compulsory in all state-funded schools.”
“In primary schools, we want the subjects to put in place the key building blocks of healthy, respectful relationships, focusing on family and friendships, in all contexts, including online. This will sit alongside the essential understanding of how to be healthy.”
“These subjects represent a huge opportunity to help our children and young people develop. The knowledge and attributes gained will support their own, and others’ wellbeing and attainment and help young people to become successful and happy adults who make a meaningful contribution to society.”
Secretary of State Foreword DfE Guidance 2019 p.4-5
“Schools are free to determine how to deliver the content set out in the DfE guidance 2019 in the context of a broad and balanced curriculum. Effective teaching in these subjects will ensure that core knowledge is broken down into units of manageable size and communicated clearly to pupils, in a carefully sequenced way, within a planned programme of lessons.”
DfE Guidance p.8
“All schools must have in place a written policy for Relationships Education and RSE.”
DfE Guidance p.11
Here, at Newtown Primary School we value PSHE as one way to support children’s development as human beings, to enable them to understand and respect who they are, to empower them with a voice and to equip them for life and learning.
We include the statutory Relationships and Health Education within our whole-school PSHE Programme.
To ensure progression and a spiral curriculum, we use Jigsaw, the mindful approach to PSHE, as our chosen teaching and learning programme and tailor it to children’s needs.


What is The Free World Charter?03/11/2011 14:47
The Free World Charter is a statement of principles that has the potential to optimise life on Earth for all species, eradicate poverty and greed, and advance progress.
Neither political nor religious, these ten short principles could form the foundation of a new, advanced society that uses no money, is free, fair and sustainable. They are based solely on Nature, common sense and survival.
The Free World Charter is now widely considered a logical progression out of the failing mechanisms of today's society, and a natural step in our evolution.[ Stats ]
Why we need it
In case you haven't noticed, the world has become a very hostile place. Basic living has become really difficult for many of us, and is quite literally impossible for millions of people every year.
It does not have to be this way.
As the predominant species, we humans have failed to acknowledge the great responsibility that comes with our great knowledge and power. Money has seriously distorted our world view, and distracted us from what is genuinely important.
Everything we need for survival: water, food, air, energy, biodiversity, compassion, have become jeopardized through our prioritisation of profit over Nature. Nature does not yield or negotiate. If we continually fight against it, Nature will win. In other words, humanity - and countless other innocent species - could face extinction.
The time has come to make some fundamental changes to our way of life, which has become both unsustainable and unjust. Adopting the principles of The Free World Charter is, we believe, the first crucial step mankind must now take in order to protect and preserve both ourselves and our planet.
What is wrong with the world?
In a word: money. Our own monetary system of exchange now effectively prioritises financial stability and growth over survival and progress. While once a useful tool in earlier times, money has now become incompatible with life itself and creates far more problems than it solves. We can put these problems into four main categories:
1. Inequality and Injustice
In today's world, a handful of people have enormous wealth, influence and freedom, while the vast majority are burdened with debt, labour and poverty; with little or no say in world affairs. This imbalance is clearly unfair and can no longer just be accepted as normal.
Millions of people every year are born into a life of poverty and starvation, even though we have the resources and technology to feed and shelter everybody if we want to.
Wasteful manufacturing drives an insatiable appetite for limited natural resources like oil, copper, gold etc. Since these scarce resources are only found in certain countries, exploitation or cross-border conflicts inevitably result.
Some areas of the world suffer extreme weather conditions and a lack of arable soil or drinkable water, yet are largely forgotten by richer nations as they have nothing of value to contribute to the world economy.
Money, by definition, creates inequality and injustice.
2. Waste and Pollution
Manufacturing companies need a constant turnover of products in order to be profitable. It doesn't make financial sense to make products that truly last. It is better for cash-flow to keep producing disposable goods that ultimately need replacing - despite the waste of natural resources and pollution that this causes.
Many companies spend millions every year creating a market for unnecessary and wasteful products through clever advertising. This creates a culture of consumerism and an illusion of 'limitless' growth which is unrealistic, unsustainable and simply must end some day.
We know that oil is a toxic pollutant that produces carbon-dioxide, yet we still use it because it is cheap; despite having abundant, clean renewable energy all around us.
Oxygen-producing trees are plundered irresponsibly for their wood, while aeroplanes pump millions of tons of poisonous gases into our air every year.
Our disregard for Nature is slowly poisoning and choking us.
3. Debt and Unemployment
Today, almost every country in the world has such huge debts that governments are now forced to either borrow more, spend less, or print more to meet their budgets. Realistically, none of these options are sustainable.
Printing money devalues the currency, meaning you can buy less with it. Also, since it enters the economy as a debt, it is subject to interest. Since the money to pay this interest doesn't even exist, it ultimately requires another debt - and more interest!
Public spending cuts ultimately means job cuts, creating further unemployment. Private companies continually replace staff with machines that can work faster and cheaper, to increase their productivity and profits.
Paid employment is the oxygen of the monetary system. Without it, all you get is more debt. This unemployment and debt cycle will ultimately bring about a global monetary collapse.
4. Obstructed Progress
Human progress is stifled by cost. Pure research or bold scientific endeavour are either under-funded or overlooked unless they are profitable.
Highly skilled or talented professionals are attracted by generous salaries to develop profitable but wasteful consumer products. Conversely, many talented people are held back in life through lack of access to proper education or funding for their work.
New inventions get mired in patent laws that hinder further development or improvement by other innovators, and sometimes take years to reach the public. Many useful patents lie dormant either through lack of funding or deliberate marketing strategy.
Companies try to protect their own brands and future profits by intentionally designing products that are incompatible with other brands or technologies. This creates an unnecessary duplicity of products and frustrates the end user.
Money is no obstacle to progress in a money-free world.
These are just some of the reasons why money - that we created - has now become a major obstacle to our own survival and progress. If you look at our society and modern culture from a viewpoint of Nature, you will quickly begin to see just how detached and disconnected we have become from the very stuff that sustains us.
We cannot ignore our own nature and biology.
Whose fault is it?
It's important to recognise that no-one is actually to blame for any of these problems. The system we use to run our society has just grown that way over time. Attributing blame, even where seemingly justified, has no useful purpose and just creates adversity.
Many blame banks, corporations, governments, or the people who work in them, but these are not bad or greedy people. They are just ordinary people reacting to an environment of scarcity - the scarcity of money, that is.
Greed is a basic human response to scarcity. If there is a limited supply of something that you need to live, you instinctively want as much as possible of it, because it's good for survival. If we can eliminate scarcity, we can eliminate greed.
We have come to mistrust our own natural behaviour due to the conflicting standards and pressures that we subject ourselves to.
Modern media promote unattainable and hedonistic lifestyles, while religions teach moderation and chastity. Corporations spends millions glamourising sugary and fatty foods, while medical officers warn of obesity. Governments announce public spending cuts, while they bail out big businesses. Everywhere we turn we are bombarded with advertising to buy products that we can't afford. Society, as a whole, is pretty confusing and contradictory.
Crime rates are on the increase - but not because more people are bad - because people's circumstances are getting worse, employment opportunities are dwindling and everyone has to compete to survive.
Remember, a human being is still an animal - albeit a highly advanced one - and just like any other animal may strike out when maltreated, cornered or confused.
We don't need to do this to ourselves any more.
It is time for us to disentangle the human being from his web of outdated methods and ideologies, and focus on our common purpose of survival, progress and freedom.
We need to free ourselves from our imaginary limits.
What the Charter does
The Free World Charter sets out ten very basic assertions that are resonant with Nature, general common sense, fairness and sustainability. In essence, these ten guiding principles are our minimum requirements for survival and progress.
Our current systems of monetary, social, ideological and border divisions are imaginary, and clearly not working for us or our planet. The principles of the Charter, that are grounded in Nature, would dissolve these imaginary barriers with just a few basic observations of mutual respect for each other and our planetary home.
Once we can get past our outdated methods of decision-making through speculation and diktat, and remove our imaginary barriers, we will find our only problems are technical ones. ie. How do we provide for everyone and use our planet in the optimum way? Only when we are free of our conflicting ideologies and methods, can we truly solve this problem.
Our technology is now at a level where we can comfortably provide for everyone without the need for hard labour. What we can automate, we will automate. We don't need money to build machines, we can just build them. Tasks that can't be automated can be rotated among a populace who would be more than happy to dedicate a small portion of their time to a community that sustains them.
Everything will be declared free to use, but within an understanding of natural and technical limits, and respect for the combined common good. These understandings are achieved initially through education, and ultimately through consensus.
Once people realise that a money-free society works, we will naturally become more positive in our actions, more cooperative, compassionate and productive.
Implementing the Charter
The first step in implementing the Charter is promotion and awareness.
These principles can only be adopted when they are seen, understood and supported by a sufficient number of people. When enough people see the Charter and accept it as the next logical step in human evolution, change will come about automatically. Politicians and people of influence will have no choice but to accede to the will of the people.
Once this happens, education of the principles, Nature and communities will need to be rolled out to give everyone a true understanding of ourselves, our community and our environment.
Education will play a key role in the establishment of the new money-free society.
It won't take long until people begin to realise that their neighbour is no longer their competitor; that everything they own and use has an environmental cost; that acting together as a community - and not only for oneself - is infinitely more productive and rewarding.
It may happen that the Charter will be first adopted in a single country or bloc of countries that is naturally resource-rich and self sufficient. (Australia and the South Seas would be a good example) Once other countries see it working, they would be quick to follow.
Perhaps in the interim, a special provision for 'money-free' status in pioneering countries could be applied through a body like the UN, to maintain and protect the borders of such 'free zones' until no longer necessary.
This is just one example of how the Charter could be implemented. It could happen in any number of different ways of course, but the important thing is that once enough people want it, it will happen.
Who wrote the Charter?
To attribute this document to any single person or group would be inaccurate and highly unfair to many people. As with any important philosophical or policy document, the contributors are innumerable as any one person's ideas are modifed and improved on over time.
The actual words of the Charter were written by Colin Turner, a songwriter and music producer from Dublin, Ireland, but many of the underlying concepts were originally inspired by Jacque Fresco's 'Venus Project' and Peter Joseph's 'Zeitgeist' film series - visionaries who, no doubt, would also attribute their inspiration to many other historical influences too.
What's important is that, logically, this is the next step in the progress of humanity, and one that best ensures our survival and that of our planetary companions. With that in mind, the Charter is, to all intents and purposes, a self-writing document.
The near future
We are at a most interesting point in our history. A great era of change is almost upon us, but things may get worse before they get better as many struggle to maintain the old system. Signing and supporting The Free World Charter can help bring about these changes much sooner, more peacefully and without needless suffering.
The idea of the Charter is a simple one. It is our current system that is complicated, and the unravelling of that may take some time, but this is a patient initiative, designed to progress slowly and surely in one direction only - towards true freedom, abundance and sustainability.
Please give this initiative your utmost consideration. Thank you.


Self-Confidence And Personal Motivation
AbstractWe analyze the value placed by rational agents on self-confidence, and the strategies employed in its pursuit. Confidence in one's abilities generally enhances motivation, making it a valuable asset for individuals with imperfect willpower. This demand for self-serving beliefs (which can also arise from hedonic or signaling motives) must be weighed against the risks of overconfidence. On the supply side, we develop a model of self-deception through endogenous memory that reconciles the motivated and rational features of human cognition. The resulting intrapersonal game of strategic communication typically leads to multiple equilibria. While "positive thinking" can improve welfare, it can also be self-defeating (and nonetheless pursued). Believe what is in the line of your needs, for only by such belief is the need fulfilled . . . Have faith that you can successfully make it, and your feet are nerved to its accomplishment [William James, Principles of Psychology]. I have done this, says my memory. I cannot have done that, says my pride, remaining inexorable. Finally - memory yields [Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil[. I had during many years followed the Golden Rule, namely, that whenever a published fact, a new observation or thought came across me, which was opposed to my general results, to make a memorandum of it without fail and at once; for I had found by experience that such (contrary and thus unwelcome) facts and thoughts were far more apt to escape from memory than favorable ones [Charles Darwin in The Life of Charles Darwin, by Francis Darwin]. © 2001 the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Bibliographic InfoArticle provided by MIT Press in its journal The Quarterly Journal of Economics.
Volume (Year): 117 (2002)
Issue (Month): 3 (August)
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- Bénabou, Roland & Tirole, Jean, 2002. "Self Confidence and Personal Motivation," Open Access publications from University of Toulouse 1 Capitole http://neeo.univ-tlse1.fr, University of Toulouse 1 Capitole.
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The JK ASPECT - The Archive - 2004 - 2012
Explanation VE signal
It's a process during a specified case by using BL elements of a Type Language from an advanced communication model like the CET21.
OMAT agents and other SOS Assistants are specialized people for helping victims.
The methods could also be used for situations at political level or any type of research.
Since the introduction of the BL H-09 Model in 2008, developers were designing a much stronger system with expanding capabilities.
One of the best code element for using High Level Communication, is the 'Visual Explanation' BL method.
It can be used digital or even in our physical world.
There are basically 4 elements an OMAT should know: a) date of VE signal, b) time of VE signal, c) description of VE signal and d) confirmation of VE signal.
Both parties need to verify their connection to others (e.g. Network, organisation, group etc.) and confirm any VE transmits during the process.
By doing this from time to time, a so-called 'Manual Symblist' will be presented each minute, hour, day or night.
If a case is very complicated to handle, these groups are using Expanding Elements Types (EET) to define their BL Language and to make it even harder to others to translate or decode.
Below is a sample of a VE signal:
- 'ZinaBee' is trying to connect to the following group of people (OMAT) and is waiting for a (direct) respons by using the Non-encrypted BL plain text: 'Hello, world!' (For example, this is just saying by writing it down on a webpage.)
- within seconds or minutes a VE transmit is displaying right on her desktop.
By switching the selected 'webpages' on the internet, the message or a specific type of VE signal is presenting in realtime.
Now here is the exact message she received from the one she sent via the VE method yesterday:
She is saying (connecting and publishing):
Description: Prince of Wales is drinking Wodka ('Patrick-boy in my pub')
Confirmation: (!) This Is A Respons (!)
- LS (Level of Security): n/a (codes are shown here)
- SF (Security Format): VE Normal
- EET: C-6 (wich means the type of an BL element)
- PE: (Pause or End attribute or VE Type, wich means the communication is set on non-active or standby)
Interact 1 on 1
According to this article:
'The JK ASPECT - Interesting Notes (Judith K en haar werk)
Posted by S.V.P. on March 17, 2012, 4:44 pm, in reply to "Introduktie Onderwerpen CSS EMA (Research - The Netherlands)"
The JK ASPECT - The Archive - 2004 - 2012'
Now the professional OMAT, on the other side, is translating the message or read the message in plain text.
The 'Prince of Wales', the one with the campaign on THAT moment is responding.
Remember: a VE signal doesn't need to encrypt before sending the message.
Actually, the message is NOT used to send (like email or bluetooth), but only by displaying it.
It's a realtime process.
Learn more about 'VE signals', see CET21 Development.
2012/03/18 - Last Post S.V.P.
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Do Dividends Decrease a Stockholder's Equity?
There are two main reasons why investors buy stock. The first is the possibility of a capital gain: if the stock price goes up, you can sell it for a profit. The second reason is income, in the form of a dividend. Dividends are distributions, usually of cash, that are declared by a corporation’s board of directors and paid out to shareholders. The dividend yield of a stock is its annual dividend amount divided by the current stock price. The effect of dividends on stockholders' equity depends on the form the dividends take.
The capital structure of a corporation consists of the debt and equity issued by the corporation. Capital is used to pay for a company’s assets. The stockholders’ equity portion of capital is composed of two parts: paid-in capital, derived from the sale of equity securities such as stock and warrants, and retained earnings, which are the accumulated profits of the corporation. Dividends are (almost invariably) financed from retained earnings. In rare cases, cash-strapped corporations use debt rather than retained earnings to pay for dividends.
Regular dividends are made in cash and can be distributed quarterly, semi-annually or annually. They are expressed in a cash amount per share. If you own 1,000 shares and the total annual dividend is $1 per share, you will receive $1,000 in dividend income for the year. The total amount of cash distributed by cash dividends is charged against, and reduces, the retained earnings of the company, and thus decreases stockholders' equity. Cash dividends in the United States are taxed at a lower rate than is ordinary income.
Dividends may be paid in additional shares of stock rather than in cash. This is usually done via a special distribution in addition to the regular cash dividend. Once again, the retained-earnings account is charged for the value of the dividend shares, but in this case the amount is simply transferred to the paid-in capital account, so that there is no net decrease in stockholders’ equity. The amount transferred is equal to the number of shares distributed in the stock dividend multiplied by the price per share on the dividend date. This value per share of the dividend shares reduces the price of pre-dividend shares – shareholders end up with more shares of cheaper stock.
When a corporation declares a cash dividend, it also establishes a record date – the dividends go to shareholders of record at the close of the record date. Technically, this means that you must be the owner of settled shares on the record date to receive the dividend. However, the settlement process, which transfers ownership from a seller to a buyer, begins two days prior to the record date, on the ex-dividend date. Shares trade “ex-dividend” – their price is reduced by the dividend amount -- as of the start of the ex-dividend date. Because of the settlement period, dividends go to shareholders who own the stock at the end of the day before the ex-dividend date, since they will be the shareholders of record on the record date. Actual dividend payment occurs shortly after the record date, on the payment date.
- Get Rich with Dividends: A Proven System for Earning Double-Digit Returns; Marc Lichtenfeld
- Dividend Investing - The Truth About Dividends and Long Term Income Investing; Derrick Murray, Sonny Collova
- Income for Life Dividend Secrets; James Towew, David Newcastle
Based in Greenville SC, Eric Bank has been writing business-related articles since 1985. He holds an M.B.A. from New York University and an M.S. in finance from DePaul University. You can see samples of his work at ericbank.com.