|November 25, 2013|
Trevali Provides Update on Halfmile-Stratmat Work Programs in New Brunswick
|Vancouver, British Columbia...Trevali Mining Corporation ("Trevali" or the "Company") (TSX: TV and TV.WT; BVL: TV; OTCQX: TREVF; Frankfurt: 4TI) provides an update on activities at its Halfmile and Stratmat Polymetallic Deposits in the Bathurst Mining Camp of New Brunswick, Canada.|
The following work programs, designed to build upon the 2010 Halfmile-Stratmat Preliminary Economic Assessment Study (the "2010 PEA") completed by Tetra Tech Wardop engineers, are in progress at Halfmile and Stratmat:
The Company's current strategy for its Bathurst Mining Camp projects is as follows:
Short-Term (approx. 12-24 months): Complete re-start of the Caribou Mine Project through the reactivation of the 3,000 tonne-per-day Caribou Mill Complex and the associated underground deposit. If warranted and economically viable, potential incremental or 'make-up' mineral feed sourced from the Halfmile deposit on a short-term basis may be used to enhance mill performance while the Company sufficiently expands its current Caribou underground infrastructure in order to sustain steady-state 3,000 tonne-per-day mining operations. The Caribou deposit remains open for expansion primarily at depth and the Company classifies the exploration potential on the large property package as good to excellent.
Long-Term (approx. 5 years-plus): The Company continues to advance studies on both its Halfmile and Stratmat Projects in order to ascertain if they will support a second stand-alone milling facility in the Bathurst Mining Camp. Details on these initial and ongoing work programs are provided below and upon completion will be utilized to update the current PEA study.
The Company cautions that any production plans at Caribou and Halfmile-Stratmat are based only on Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources and not Mineral Reserves, as neither Caribou nor Halfmile-Stratmat have demonstrated economic viability. Inferred Mineral Resources are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as Mineral Reserves, and there is therefore no certainty that the conclusions of any production plans and preliminary economic assessment ("PEA") will be realized.
Trevali recently completed two programs of drilling for a total of 5,025 metres in 15 holes on its Halfmile Mine project that currently hosts a NI-43-101 indicated resource of 6.26 million tonnes grading 8.1% zinc, 2.6% lead, 0.2% copper and 30.8 g/tonne silver, plus additional inferred resources of 6.08 million tonnes grading 6.7% zinc, 1.8% lead, 0.14% copper and 20.5 g/tonne silver (Figure 1).
The program targeted the lower portion of the Upper Zone and upper portion of the Lower Zone, and was successful in gaining confidence and detail in the resource at tighter spacings (Figure 2). Final assay results for the Upper Zone drilling are shown in Table 1. Final assay results for the Lower Zone drilling are pending. In 2012, the upper portion of the Upper Zone underwent trial mining of approximately 125,000 tonnes of mineralized material that was toll-milled at the nearby Brunswick 12 Mill and produced saleable zinc, lead-silver and copper-gold concentrates.
Results from this drill program will assist in Halfmile Mine planning and development for potential future production from a combined Halfmile-Stratmat processing complex.
Figure 2: 3D View (Looking N130°) of Halfmile Upper Zone with recent drill holes and current mine infrastructure.
Table 1: Halfmile Upper Zone drill results
In mid-July 2013, a drill program commenced on the Company's Stratmat Deposit that currently hosts a NI-43-101 inferred resource of 5.5 million tonnes grading 6.1% zinc, 2.6% lead, 0.4% copper, 54 g/tonne silver and 0.6 g/tonne gold.
The program consisted of 5,510 metres in 18 drill holes and was designed to (Figure 3):
Table 2: Stratmat Deposit 2013 Phase-One drill results
As previously announced in 2011-12, Trevali successfully completed a drill program on the Stratmat Main Zone that is located approximately one kilometre northeast of the current drilling. See News Releases February 6, 2012 (TV-NR-12-04), April 12, 2012 (TV-NR-12-11) and June 6, 2012 (TV-NR-12-15). Results from all three drill programs will be used for an updated NI 43-101 resource estimate planned for H2-2014.
In support of an Environmental Impact Assessment study for the Stratmat site, an Archeological Impact Assessment was initiated in 2012 by Stantec Consulting and is ongoing. This study includes a review of the area surrounding the preliminarily planned mine site. Additionally a review of the site hydrology is also underway and will be used to evaluate potential tailings dam options. Further geotechnical, environmental and metallurgical studies required for the PEA will be carried out in early 2014.
The Company also confirms that it has filed an amended National Instrument 43-101 report entitled "Independent Technical Report for the Caribou Massive Sulphide Project, Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada", prepared by SRK Consulting (Canada) Inc. to, among other things, expand on the infrastructure located at the Caribou Project.
Qualified Person and Quality Control/Quality Assurance
EurGeol Dr. Mark D. Cruise, Trevali's President and CEO and M. Dayle Rusk, P.Geo, Trevali's Director, Geology, are qualified persons as defined by NI 43-101, have supervised the preparation of the scientific and technical information that forms the basis for this news release. Dr. Cruise is not independent of the Company, as he is an officer, director and shareholder. Ms. Rusk is not independent of the Company as she is an officer and shareholder.
In the case of the Halfmile drill program, on-site personnel rigorously collected and tracked samples which were then security sealed and shipped to Activation Laboratories Ltd. ("Actlabs") preparation facility in Fredericton, New Brunswick. Following preparation, the samples are sent to Actlabs in Ancaster, Ontario for assay. In the case of the Stratmat drill program, on-site personnel rigorously collected and tracked samples which were then security sealed and shipped to Acme Analytical Laboratories Ltd. ("AcmeLabs") preparation facility in Timmins, Ontario. Following preparation, the samples are sent to AcmeLabs in Vancouver, British Columbia for assay. Quality control systems of both ActLabs and AcmeLabs comply with the requirements for the International Standards ISO 9001:2000 and ISO 17025: 1999. Analytical accuracy and precision are monitored by the analysis of reagent blanks, reference material and replicate samples. Quality control is further assured by the use of international and in-house standards. Blind certified reference material is inserted at regular intervals into the sample sequence by Trevali personnel in order to independently assess analytical accuracy.
ABOUT TREVALI MINING CORPORATION
Trevali is a zinc-focused base metals mining company with operations in Canada and Peru.
In Peru, the Company has commenced commissioning and concentrate production at its Santander zinc-lead-silver mine and metallurgical plant with subsequent ramp up to 2,000-tonnes-per-day production scheduled in December 2013. The Company anticipates declaring Commercial Production at the Santander Mine shortly.
In Canada, Trevali owns the Caribou mine and mill, Halfmile mine and Stratmat polymetallic deposit all located in the Bathurst Mining Camp of northern New Brunswick. Initial trial production from the Halfmile underground mine was successfully undertaken in 2012 and the Company anticipates commencing operations at its 3,000-tonne-per-day Caribou Mill Complex in 2014.
All of the Company's deposits remain open for expansion.
The common shares of Trevali are listed on the TSX (symbol TV), the OTCQX (symbol TREVF) and on the Lima Stock Exchange (symbol TV). Certain warrants to purchase common shares of Trevali are listed on the TSX (symbol TV.WT). For further details on Trevali, readers are referred to the Company's web site (www.trevali.com) and to Canadian regulatory filings on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.
On Behalf of the Board of Directors of
TREVALI MINING CORPORATION
"Mark D. Cruise" (signed)
Mark D. Cruise, President
Vice President, Investor Relations and Corporate Communications
Phone: (604) 488-1661 / Direct: (604) 638-5623
This news release contains "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the United States private securities litigation reform act of 1995 and "forward-looking information" within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities legislation. Statements containing forward-looking information express, as at the date of this news release, the Company's plans, estimates, forecasts, projections, expectations, or beliefs as to future events or results and the company does not intend, and does not assume any obligation to, update such statements containing the forward-looking information. Such forward-looking statements and information include, but are not limited to statements as to: the accuracy of estimated mineral reserves and resources, anticipated results of future exploration, and forecast future metal prices, anticipated results of future electrical sales and expectations that environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, socio-economic, political, marketing or other issues will not materially affect estimates of mineral reserves. These statements reflect the Company's current views with respect to future events and are necessarily based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that, while considered reasonable by the Company, are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties and contingencies.
These statements reflect the Company's current views with respect to future events and are necessarily based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that, while considered reasonable by the company, are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, political and social uncertainties and contingencies. Many factors, both known and unknown, could cause actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from the results, performance or achievements that are or may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements contained in this news release and the company has made assumptions and estimates based on or related to many of these factors. Such factors include, without limitation: fluctuations in spot and forward markets for silver, zinc, base metals and certain other commodities (such as natural gas, fuel oil and electricity); fluctuations in currency markets (such as the Peruvian sol versus the U.S. dollar); risks related to the technological and operational nature of the Company's business; changes in national and local government, legislation, taxation, controls or regulations and political or economic developments in Canada, the United States, Peru or other countries where the Company may carry on business in the future; risks and hazards associated with the business of mineral exploration, development and mining (including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, unusual or unexpected geological or structural formations, pressures, cave-ins and flooding); risks relating to the credit worthiness or financial condition of suppliers, refiners and other parties with whom the Company does business; inadequate insurance, or inability to obtain insurance, to cover these risks and hazards; employee relations; relationships with and claims by local communities and indigenous populations; availability and increasing costs associated with mining inputs and labour; the speculative nature of mineral exploration and development, including the risks of obtaining necessary licenses and permits and the presence of laws and regulations that may impose restrictions on mining,; diminishing quantities or grades of mineral reserves as properties are mined; global financial conditions; business opportunities that may be presented to, or pursued by, the Company; the Company's ability to complete and successfully integrate acquisitions and to mitigate other business combination risks; challenges to, or difficulty in maintaining, the Company's title to properties and continued ownership thereof; the actual results of current exploration activities, conclusions of economic evaluations, and changes in project parameters to deal with unanticipated economic or other factors; increased competition in the mining industry for properties, equipment, qualified personnel, and their costs. Investors are cautioned against attributing undue certainty or reliance on forward-looking statements. Although the Company has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially, there may be other factors that cause results not to be as anticipated, estimated, described or intended. The Company does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update these forward-looking statements or information to reflect changes in assumptions or changes in circumstances or any other events affecting such statements or information, other than as required by applicable law.
Trevali's production plans at Caribou-Halfmile-Stratmat and Santander are based only on Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources and not Mineral Reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability. Inferred Mineral Resources are considered too speculative geologically to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to be categorized as Mineral Reserves, and there is therefore no certainty that the conclusions of the production plans and Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) will be realized. Additionally where Trevali discusses exploration/expansion potential, any potential quantity and grade is conceptual in nature and there has been insufficient exploration to define a mineral resource and it is uncertain if further exploration will result in the target being delineated as a mineral resource.
We advise US investors that while the terms "measured resources", "indicated resources" and "inferred resources" are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, the US Securities and Exchange Commission does not recognize these terms. US investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all of the material in these categories will ever be converted into reserves.
This news release does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the securities in the United States. The securities described herein have not been and will not be registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the securities laws of any state and may not be offered or sold within the United States, absent such registration or an applicable exemption from such registration requirements.
The TSX has not approved or disapproved of the contents of this news release.
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Rare earth elements are not actually rare. They’re relatively abundant in the Earth’s crust, but so thinly scattered that only rarely are they sufficiently concentrated in (economically viable by Western standards) mineable ore deposits. Additionally, mining REEs can be environmentally hazardous.
As I reported last April, China currently mines and produces 95% of all rare earth materials needed in the production of lithium car batteries, solar panels, wind turbines, flat-screen TV, compact fluorescent light bulbs and defense components such as missile guidance systems.
Its near monopoly makes it possible to dictate terms of sale that include insisting that manufacturers move their operations to Chinese soil. Additionally, the Chinese government keeps prices high by rationing exports and places trade embargoes on nations that don’t go along with its policy/political interests.
In 2010, Beijing reduced rare earth shipments by 9% over the previous year and plans to reduce exports by an additional 35%.
Both Toyota and Phillips developed innovative materials and manufacturing processes that eliminate the need for using as many REEs as they had in the past.
The current dispute between Japan and China about the Diaoyu Islands resulted in a REE supply breakdown, forcing Japan to look elsewhere for its REE supply.
So in addition to innovation, Japan is going into acquisition and exploration to free itself from China’s dictates.
Yesterday’s Australian International Business Times announced that Toyotsu Rare Earth Canada Inc (TRECan), a subsidiary of Toyota-Tsusho Corp (TTC) paid US$1.3 million, the first of a series of payments for its equity acquisition of 49% undivided interest in KIPAWA HREE (heavy rare earth elements) Deposit of Matamec Explorations Inc. In total, Matamec will receive CAN$16 million from TRECan for its equity interest in the deposit.
In a press release on its website, Matamec describes itself as a “junior mining exploration company” focused on exploring, in partnership with Toyotsu, for heavy rare earth deposits in Kipawa, Quebec. It’s also exploring for the REEs yttrium, zirconium, niobium and tantalum in its Kipawa Alkalic Complex.
Matamec is exploring for gold, base metals and platinum group metals as well. Its gold portfolio includes the Matheson JV property located in close proximity to the Hoyle Pond Mine in the prolific mining camp of Timmins, Ontario.
Sources: Geology International Business Times, November 5, 2012 SmartPlanet Daily, November 5, 2012


SHILLONG, Jan 4: On Friday morning at around 10:30 am the personnel of Odisha Fire Service have started pumping at the two pumps near the flooded illegal coal pit where 15 miners are trapped in the state’s East Jaintia Hills district.
It was reported that the water level in the second old shaft that was pumped yesterday was again found to have risen to the same level this morning
The rescuers also informed that more pumps will be used in the adjacent shaft and hoped that high power pumps of Coal India Limited and Kirloskar Brothers Limited are ready at the earliest so that they can also supplement the dewatering of water. According to spokesperson of the rescue operation R Susngi Coal India Limited has installed the platform on the old shaft nearby the main shaft and expected operation by today.
Susngi also informed that the Kirloskar Brothers Limited also are getting ready to lay the platform on the main shaft , while the NDRF personnel are providing all the assistance and resources available to other agencies.


- Who is the largest coal producer in world?
- Where can we find the most coal mines?
- Which is the largest mine in the world?
- Is Germany building coal fired power stations?
- Does coal have a future?
- Where is the deepest coal mine in the world?
- How many coal power plants are in the world?
- How many years of coal is left?
- Why is coal declining?
- Which country imports the most coal?
- What is the dirtiest energy source?
- What 3 countries consume the most coal?
- Does China still use coal?
- Who has the best coal in the world?
- What country has the most coal power plants?
- Is coal use declining?
- Which country has the cleanest coal?
- Which state produces the most coal?
Who is the largest coal producer in world?
ChinaWorld total coal production, 1971-2019 provisional China, the world’s biggest producer, remains at 4% annual growth rate, at 3,693 Mt in 2019..
Where can we find the most coal mines?
The states with the largest recoverable coal reserves are, in descending order, Wyoming, West Virginia, Illinois, and Montana. The largest single mine in the United States is the North Antolope Rachelle near Gillette, Wyoming; it produces more coal annually than many states.
Which is the largest mine in the world?
Bingham Canyon Copper MineBingham Canyon Copper Mine (USA) Located south-west of Salt Lake City in Utah, Bingham Canyon is the world’s largest open-pit mine and has been in production since 1906.
Is Germany building coal fired power stations?
Yet, out of all countries, it is Germany, one of the richest economies in the world, that is planning to open a new coal power station. This makes Datteln 4 the only coal power plant under construction in the whole of Western Europe. Coincidentally in 2020, the German Bundestag will decide on a coal phase-out.
Does coal have a future?
At least 28 countries have now joined the alliance, which requires OECD signatories to end coal by 2030, and developing ones by 2050. Rising carbon prices and the shift towards gas as a low-carbon ‘transition fuel’ are contributing to coal’s decline, but the collapsing cost of renewables is the real game changer.
Where is the deepest coal mine in the world?
Current Mine Life : The Mponeng gold mine located in the Gauteng province of South Africa is the deepest operating mine in the world. It is the last remaining underground operation by AngloGold Ashanti in South Africa.
How many coal power plants are in the world?
2,425 coalAs of 2019, there are an estimated 2,425 coal-fired power plants in the world, combining for an operating capacity of about 2,000 GW and roughly 15 billion tonnes of CO₂ emissions.
How many years of coal is left?
Based on U.S. coal production in 2019, of about 0.706 billion short tons, the recoverable coal reserves would last about 357 years, and recoverable reserves at producing mines would last about 20 years. The actual number of years that those reserves will last depends on changes in production and reserves estimates.
Why is coal declining?
The coal industry has been in steep decline for a decade due to competition from cheap and abundant gas and subsidized solar and wind energy, along with rising public concern over coal’s contribution to climate change.
Which country imports the most coal?
As a fossil fuel burned for heat, coal supplies about a quarter of the world’s primary energy and two-fifths of its electricity. The largest consumer and importer of coal is China. China mines almost half the world’s coal, followed by India with about a tenth.
What is the dirtiest energy source?
coalThere are several manmade sources of the carbon pollution that’s warming our climate, from deforestation to animal agriculture. But let’s clear up one thing right away: Dirty energy, the pollution from fossil fuels, is the single the biggest contributor to climate change. And the biggest dirty energy source is coal.
What 3 countries consume the most coal?
Coal Consumption by Country#CountryWorld Share1China50.5 %2India11.3 %3United States8.5 %4Germany3.0 %93 more rows
Does China still use coal?
From 1990 to 2018, China increased its coal consumption from 0.99 billion tons to 4.64 billion tons. In 2018, coal made up 59 percent of China’s energy use. Since 2011, China has consumed more coal than the rest of the world combined. China’s industrial sector is by far the largest consumer of coal.
Who has the best coal in the world?
ChinaChina is the global leader in coal production by an incredible margin, producing 3,474 metric tonnes (mt) in 2018, rising by 2.9% for the second year running but down from its peak of 3,749mt in 2013.
What country has the most coal power plants?
ChinaChina was the country with the highest installed capacity of coal power plants, amounting to almost 1,005 gigawatts.
Is coal use declining?
U.S. coal consumption has been declining since its peak in 2007 of 1.1 billion short tons. In 2019, U.S. coal consumption totaled 590 million short tons (MMst). The electric power sector accounts for the majority (more than 90%) of domestic coal consumption, but the industrial and commercial sectors also consume coal.
Which country has the cleanest coal?
RussiaAnthracite is found on the east coast in the US, South Africa, Australia, Western Canada, China and Russia. Two-thirds of Russia’s coal reserves are anthracite. Because of its efficiency and thus less carbon and sulphur usage per watt of power, anthracite is also the ‘cleanest’ coal in the world.
Which state produces the most coal?
WyomingWyoming, the largest coal-producing state in the United States, produced 39% of total U.S. coal production and 72% of the coal mined in the Western coal region. Six of the top ten largest U.S. coal-producing mines were in Wyoming, and all of those mines are surface mines.


Figure 1: Overview of Asbury Project and Preliminary Results of Fall 2022 Campaign
Table 1: Drill Holes Assay results
|Drill Hole Id||From (m)||To (m)||Length (m)||Average Results% (Cg)|
- Results for two drillholes targeting the conductor to the south (see zoomed map above) show consistency with historic drilling and highlight the possible northeast extension of the graphite mineralization reported in showing MC8805 (8.14% Cg over 18.9 m).
- 00% (Cg) over 33.5m including 13.86% (Cg) over 5.05m.
- 73% (Cg) over 18.2m including 9.53% (Cg) over 1.35m.
- DDH-AS22-07, 2.21% (Cg) over 58.85 m including 9.21% (Cg) over 7.25m.
- These intercepts confirm that graphite mineralization can explain the VTEM conductor previously identified by Focus Graphite (Dubé, 2013).
- Both hole intercepts confirm the presence of a mineralized graphite body and the probable northeastward extension of the MC8805.
The 2022 program consisted of 6 diamond drillholes (previously reported) totaling 830 meters, and 6 trenches which returned over 60.5m of channel samples. The drill program successfully tested some targeted VTEM conductors at depth. The primary objective of the program was to commence exploration of the eastern part of the regional trend. The trend is composed of multiple conductors and VTEM anomalies, that connect the Asbury historical mine to the recently drilled area (see figure 1). According to Dubé (2013), this trend also extends more than 4km from the Asbury deposit to the North-East. Historical mining operations extracted 875,000 tonnes of graphite at a 6%(Cg) cut-off grade (Charbonneau 2012).
Initial interpretation of the results indicates significant graphitic mineralization, which in turn explains the anomalous conductor. The Company is still reviewing results at this time and will publish a future news release upon the completion of its review. However, the drill work performed on the eastern part of the Deposit yielded significant results, with up to 2.21%(Cg) over 55.85m including 9.21% over 7.25 m in hole DDH-AS22-07; and 5% Cg over 33.5m including 8.57% (Cg) over 13.5m.
Of the 830m of core collected, only 538m have, to date, been analyzed. The Company will continue its analysis of the additional samples from unassayed sections, with a focus on potentially increasing the length of the intersects, and on preparing future drilling programs. The Company also plans further tests on the Deposit, concentrating on geophysics covering the area between the historic mine and the recently completed drill program, where numerous conductors remain untested. This geophysical survey is aimed to better define the conductors where high-grade mineralization might be located. Eventually, the Company expects to be able to prove that the entire 4km conductor trend is graphitic in nature, following which, it will complete a resource estimate on the discovered mineralization.
Chief Executive Officer, Ellerton Castor, said: “We’re working on a significant conductor that connects the currently investigated area to the historical Asbury mine, where significant commercial graphite production was achieved. The current program was located approximately 4.5km from the Asbury mine and the conductor anomaly connects the two extremities. The Company believes that these preliminary results support our view that there is tremendous high-grade mineralization between the two extremities of the Deposit. This is expected to result in a resource with significant continuous graphite mineralization as already demonstrated from the observations in the cores and trenches we recently completed.”
This was prepared by Steven Lauzier, P.Geo, OGQ; by David Fafard, P.Geo OGQ and by Pierre-Alexandre Pelletier, P.Geo OGQ, who are qualified persons as defined under National Instrument 43-101, and who reviewed and approved the geological information provided in this news release.
Charbonneau, R., 2012 Technical Report on The Asbury Graphite Property, In accordance with National Instrument 43-101 McGill Township, Quebec, Canada, Submitted to Canada Carbon Inc, 61 pages.
Dube, J., 2013. Heliborne Magnetic and TDEM Survey, Island and Asbury Properties. Prospectaire Geosurveys Inc for Focus Graphite Inc.47 pages GM 67561.


Optiforms specializes in manufacturing electroformed optics using nickel.
Our electroformed reflectors are mainly composed of nickel (Ni), lustrous metal with a silvery-white and slightly golden tinge. Nickel has an atomic number of 28 and has the ability to take a high polish. Nickel is one of only four metals that is ferromagnetic at room temperature, the others being iron, cobalt, gadolinium.
Historically nickel has been used for coinage and touching up metals like iron and brass. Today nickel is used in many different products including stainless steel, magnets, batteries, and of course nickel electroformed optics. In the past nickel was commonly mistaken for silver ore. The unintentional use of nickel dates back to 3500BC. Ancient bronzes from Syria have been found to contain 2% nickel and Chinese manuscripts dating from 1400BC call this metal “white copper.” Medieval Germans mined a red ore that they mistakenly thought was copper. The miners were unable to extract copper from the ore and blamed a mischievous sprite named “nickel” for the problem.
Nickel was discovered in 1751 by Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt. He was attempting to extract copper from ore but extracted a silvery-white metal that he named after the sprite “nickel”, common to German mythology. In modern German, kupfernickel designates the alloy cupronickel.
Nickel is extracted from its ore using conventional roasting and reduction processes which yield a metal of 75% purity. The final purification of nickel oxides is performed using the Mond process. The Mond process increases the nickel to 99.9% purity by reacting carbon monoxide with nickel to form a volatile nickel compound known as nickel carbonyl. Impurities remain solid, and nickel carbonyl gas passes into a large chamber where it decomposes and is stirred into nickel spheres. This process produces highly pure nickel. Another form of nickel refinement is used to collect nickel; this second process involves electrolytically collecting the nickel metal from a solution and plating it onto a cathode. This produces a 75% pure grade nickel which is typically acceptable for many applications. However, this grade is not acceptable for Optiforms reflective optics.
Optiforms uses nickel anodes to manufacture electroformed optics. A nickel purity of 99.9%, these S-round anodes allow Optiforms to plate faster. Here is a chart that has many of the properties of nickel.
Electroformed OpticsWhat is Electroforming
Optical ComponentsPerkin Elmer
How to Clean Optical Mirrors
Proper Handling of Optical Mirrors


Coal, as one of the most abundant mine resources in our country, occupying an important position in our country. We can use coal resources as a new field of energy construction and environmental protection. Provide more high-quality energy for domestic industrial construction and development, and scale for developing abrasive powder
market more quickly.
The exploitation and use of coal not only bring the development market for large crushing equipment, but also brings new business opportunities for abrasive powder equipment. In order to supply the market better, abrasive powder machine have been launched one after another, and a variety of abrasive powder equipment has emerged, which has brought new development direction to abrasive powder manufacturers.
There are several kinds of abrasive powder machine commonly used in engineering production. Today, let's take a look.
Raymond abrasive powder machine
Raymond abrasive powder machine, also known as Raymond mill, is widely used in the grinding of mineral materials in metallurgy, building materials, chemical industry, mining and other fields. It is suitable for processing a variety of non-flammable and explosive materials with Mohs hardness below 7 and humidity below 6%. The Raymond abrasive powder machine adopts the advanced structure of similar products abroad, which is more efficient than ball mill, having lower power consumption, occupying less land and having one-time investment of the small consumption. It is an efficient pulverizing equipment instead of ball abrasive powder machine to process ore powder. The fineness of finished product is between 613 and 44 microns. The combined effect can meet the requirements of different users through the analyzer and fan machine.
High Pressure Suspension Roller Mill
High-pressure suspended roller mill, also known as high-pressure abrasive powder machine, is an advanced abrasive powder machine optimized on the basis of Raymond abrasive powder machine. High-pressure suspended roller mill has significantly improved the performance of industrial abrasive powder in terms of high efficiency and low energy consumption. It has outstanding advantages such as wider range of grinding materials, finer grinding particle size and higher grinding efficiency, which is an efficient and energy-saving grinding equipment.
Three Ring Medium-Speed Micro-grinding
Three-ring medium-speed micro-powder abrasive powder machine is a kind of high-efficiency and low-consumption ultra-fine powder processing equipment designed by our abrasive powder engineers after many innovations, tests and designs. It has successfully replaced the complex process of traditional air grinding and ball mill grinding and flour separation, greatly reducing production costs and improving product fineness. It is a fine grinding equipment for dry non-metallic ultra-fine powder. The crushing, grading and final product of the mill material are carried out in a closed system. The dust-containing gas is treated by dedusting, and has no pollution, which is an ideal equipment for environmental protection. This machine is suitable for ultra-fine grinding of various brittle non-flammable and explosive materials with Mohs hardness which is less than 5 grades, such as barite, heavy spare, wollastonite, kaolin, rare earth ore, hematite, talc, feldspar, slag and so on.


PT. Ithaca Resources to develop its business processes with the Enterprise Edition of SunFish HR
April 2012, Jakarta: PT. Ithaca Resources chooses SunFish HR Enterprise in order to consolidate the HR operation for its multiple businesses on one single platform. Seeking a systematic, transparent and productive way of managing around 600 employees spread across several locations in Indonesia, the company decided to underpin its HR structures with software. This is a strategic move to help the company prepare for the anticipated fast growth in employee numbers in the near future and with it changing HR management requirements.
PT. Ithaca Resources is a fast growing company that is engaged in coal mining and holds the ownership to several mining concessions in Berau and East Kutai (Wahau). The company's operation compasses three principal businesses: mining consulting marketing services, coal infrastructure and investment in coal mine. The company currently employs 600 people, however it has just begun developing its exploration activities and expecting a fast growth, for which they need the right system to respond to.


Namibia is the 9th largest diamond producer in the world, by value.
Namibia produces 95% gem quality diamonds.
The strength of Namibia's diamonds lies in the high value stones, ranking 2nd globally by dollar per carat.
Debmarine Namibia's annual production capacity is 1.4million carats.
Debmarine Namibia is the largest producer of diamonds in Namibia, by value and volume.
Debmarine Namibia accounts for around 70% of total diamond production in Namibia.
The mv Mafuta is the world’s largest marine diamond mining vessel.
The mv Mafuta accounts for over 50% of total Debmarine Namibia production.
Wave swells in the Debmarine Namibia mining licence area can reach up to 10 metres.
The biggest diamond produced by Debmarine Namibia was 80.3 carats.


The technologies that Penguin ASI develops are derived from the Mine of the Future thinking by Dr. Greg Baiden (Chairman & CTO of Penguin ASI).
This thinking applied the latest in advanced manufacturing technology through the implementation of telerobotics and automation to mining with the vision for the future of applying robotics with the human touch.
Dr. Baiden along with a team of academics and specialists generated this thinking through his Canadian Research Chair, which focused on the teleoperation of an underground mining and the integration of the various components and machine systems necessary for the project to be successful.
This R&D was conducted to address key issues: safety in mines, declining economic value of mines in a developed country, and addressing the issues of waste elimination. Research and development indicated numerous advantages of the robotic mining technology through the application of this thinking.
Since then research has grown exponentially and is now being commercialized by Penguin ASI at its facilities at the Penguin Research Center (PRC) is located 15km west of Sudbury in Naughton, Ontario.


Highland Copper Company has announced positive results of a feasibility study for its 100%-owned Copperwood project located in Gogebic County, in the Western Upper Peninsula of Michigan, US.The Feasibility Study was conducted by, and under the supervision of, G Mining Services Inc (GMSI) in collaboration with SGS Canada Inc (Lakefield), Lycopodium Minerals Canada Ltd, Golder Associates and Foth Infrastructure and Environment. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the Copperwood Project and defines an economically feasible, technically and environmentally sound project.Highlights:– Initial capital expenditures of $245 million, net of pre-production revenue of $30 million– Life-of-mine (“LOM”) cash costs of $1.53/lb, including royalties and $1.29/lb in the first five years of production– Proven and Probable Reserves of 25.4 Mt @ 1.43% Cu and 3.83 g/t Ag, containing 801.8 Mlbs of copper and 3.1 Moz of silver– Additional Mineral Resources of 49.9 My @ 1.15 % Cu and 3.42 g/t Ag in the Inferred category, containing 1.3 Blbs of copper and 5.5 Moz of silver using a 1% Cu cut-off– Average annual LOM payable copper production of 61.7 M lbs and 100,570 oz of silver– Initial copper production expected in early 2021Highland and its consultants have identified a number of opportunities to increase the value of the Copperwood Project. These include upgrading inferred mineral resources, increasing mine productivity utilising innovative continuous mining technologies, conducting further geotechnical studies to optimise ore recovery and minimise mining dilution, reviewing tailings disposal alternatives, and conducting additional testing to maximise metallurgical recoveries.It is proposed to mine the deposit with a conventional highly mechanised, drill and blast room-and- pillar mining method. The method consists of the extraction of a series of entries and cross-cuts in the ore, leaving pillars in place to support the back. The entries, cross cuts and pillars have been sized using geotechnical analysis of the local host rocks, and experience from other mines sharing similar ground conditions.The mine will be accessed via covered box-cut to establish a portal at the mine entrance from the surface, located at the central-west part of the deposit. The mine consists of two mining sectors: West and East. The western part, being higher grade with a thicker mineralised zone, will be mined in priority.The mine is split into panels, which consist of at least 12 rooms that provide multiple headings where all activities of the mining cycle can be done in parallel to achieve high productivities, as opposed to activities in series as is the case in a single heading. The mining cycle consists of drilling, explosives loading and blasting, mucking, scaling and bolting.Mining operations are planned with two 10-hour shifts per day, 360 days per year to achieve a production target of 2.4 Mt per year, or 6,600 t per day. To achieve this production, a total of 7 to 9 panels must be in production at any given time.The mining operation begins with drilling of the working face, which is accomplished with two- boom hydraulic-electric jumbo drills. Each round is drilled 4.25 m (14 ft) in length with an effective break of 4.00 m. The rooms are 6.1 m wide with a height that varies according to the ore column thickness. The height dimension dictates the productivity, which varies from panel to panel.Mucking will be done with 10 t LHD units that will load muck at the mine face and transport it to the conveyor loading point established for the production panel. The LHD performance will be a function of dip of the stope and distance. The conveyor loading points will be regularly moved as production advances in the panel to be less than 250 m from the headings.Scaling of the rooms is planned with a smaller low-profile LHD unit equipped with a scaling arm that rubs the roof to remove any loose rocks.Bolting will be done by a mechanised bolter to install roof support and wall bolts. In the stopes, 1.8 m rebar bolts are required on a 1.2 m by 1.2 m pattern with wire mesh. In addition, 1.8 m friction bolts are planned in the pillars (i.e. walls) on a 1.5 m by 1.5 m pattern with wire mesh. At room intersection rebar bolt length is increased to 2.4 m.Highland continues to study the use of tailings as back-fill in the open stopes. If this approach is selected, it would provide cost savings for tailing disposal and closure costs.Ventilation for the mine will be provided by a 400 m3/s fresh air raise and two exhaust raises at the eastern and western end of the mine. The dewatering system will consist of six pumping stations capable of evacuating 2,220 l/min of underground water inflow and mine water.


A Canberra company has inked a deal with the world’s largest mining equipment manufacturer to roll out eye-tracking technology to reduce driver fatigue.
Seeing Machines has signed a deal with Caterpillar, which will supply and sell the technology for its approximately 40,000 mining trucks around the world.
Known as the Driver Safety Solution, the technology uses sensors to detect when drivers are distracted or falling asleep at the wheel and then sets off an alarm and a vibration in the seat.
“We observe the eyelid behaviour, the duration of blinking and velocity of the eyelid and measure that as someone becomes more and more tired,” said Ken Kroeger, chief executive of Seeing Machines.
It can also send an alert to the site dispatcher.
BHP Billiton and Newmont Mining are already trialling the technology, which costs up to $20,000 to install.
It is already in use in 2,000 trucks around the world.
A 2011 study based on Australian coroners inquest examinations suggested driver fatigue caused around 10 per cent of reported truck crashes.
Mr Kroeger says he is hoping the technology will have implications for drivers everywhere.
“Mining was our first priority in a commercial marketplace and the next cab off the rank is the trucks,” he said.
“It’s a matter of time – we have programs underway with automotive manufacturers today.”


Compliance. Throughout the project, Air Sciences has provided compliance support for various process and regulatory scenarios.
Permitting. Our team continues to provide permitting and revision support as mining projects enter new phases.
Emissions Inventory. Air Sciences has developed multiple emissions inventories for various processes, operations, and phases.
Monitoring. Air Sciences has historically installed, audited, and operated monitoring stations for the Barrick Goldstrike Mine.
Modeling. Modeling has been used throughout the project to ensure defensible and operationally accommodating emission limits and compliance procedures.
Air Sciences has provided comprehensive air quality consulting services to the Barrick Goldstrike Mines Inc. for over 20 years.
These services have included dispersion modeling (ISCST3; AERMOD), continual re-permitting for changes and expansion, air impact analyses, permit strategy development, regulatory analysis, and operating an ambient monitoring station.
In addition, Air Sciences, in conjunction with Barrick, has worked with the Nevada Mining Association to affect state and federal rule changes specific to the mining industry, including mercury regulation.
Other Barrick Projects
More recently, Air Sciences has provided air quality consulting services to Barrick’s Ruby Hill, Bald Mountain, and Cortez gold mines, including providing support on the Cortez and Bald Mountain Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) projects.
Recently, an Environmental Management Plan for air quality was developed for the Pueblo Viejo Dominicana Corporation. This included siting and basic support of an existing air quality station at a power plant site. In addition to a modeling analysis, a regulatory analysis was performed to fulfill International Finance Corporation guidelines, DC standards, and EIS commitments.


Network Metals LLC
Network Metals LLC began as a metals, ores and alloys import / distribution company based in New York. The company was established with the objective of providing globally sourced metals and ores to smelters, foundries and fabricating mills. The company’s network of global suppliers has been an important part of its success. Strong relationships, established over 25 years, have enabled Network Metals to discover, design and deliver according to specific customer needs. Flexibility in pricing through hedging has also been an important part of the company’s success, and has helped customers and suppliers to widen their profit margins.
In recent years Network Metals also began to provide consulting services to consumers, producers and a wide range of industrial metals and raw material players in the physical and financial world. These services include commercial marketing of raw materials, hedging programs and transportation. Financial investment funds especially prefer these consulting services because of the company’s direct involvement in importing and distributing metals and ores on a global basis.
– Over 25 years of experience in metals and mining
– Strong ties to the commodities-based financial community
– Extensive database of research material and analysis
– Direct relationships with miners, smelters, fabricators and mills
– Interpreting market events in financial terms and idea generation
– Explaining relationships in the metals and mining cycle, from mining and exploration through recycling


All the Metals We Mined in 2021
“If you can’t grow it, you have to mine it” is a famous saying that encapsulates the importance of minerals and metals in the modern world.
From every building we enter to every device we use, virtually everything around us contains some amount of metal.
The above infographic visualizes all 2.8 billion tonnes of metals mined in 2021 and highlights each metal’s largest end-use using data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS).
Why Do We Mine So Much Iron Ore?
Iron ore accounted for 93% of the metals mined in 2021, with 2.6 billion tonnes extracted from the ground. It’s important to note that this is ore production, which is typically higher than metal production since metals are extracted and refined from ores. For example, the iron metal content of this ore is estimated at 1.6 billion tonnes.
|Metal/Ore||2021 Mine Production (tonnes)||% of Total|
|Technology and precious metals||1,474,889||0.05%|
With 98% of it converted into pig iron to make steel, iron ore is ubiquitous in our lives. Steel made from iron ore is used in construction, transportation, and household appliances, and it’s likely that (Read more…)


Silver X aims to grow share value through metals production and organic resource expansion at the Nueva Recuperada silver district in central Peru, whilst constantly monitoring acquisition opportunities to build a mid-tier mining company. We currently hold 15,000 hectares covering high grade silver-lead-zinc at our flagship asset.
Silver X is in the process of building a multi-national, multi-commodity mining portfolio through organic growth and acquisition of new projects to add value over time.
Mining Engineer with 17 years of experience across Peru, Chile, Australia, Spain and Switzerland; having worked for Anglo American, Inmet Mining and BHPB among others. World Economic Forum’s Global Leadership Fellow. Incubator of the Recuperada mining district.
Experienced finance executive with over 24 years of experience in mining, most recently serving as corporate controller before being appointed VP Finance at Excellon Resources Inc., a silver, lead and zinc producer with operations in Mexico. Prior to that role, he held various roles during a 14 year career with Anglo American plc, including project controller for the Minas Rio iron ore project in Brazil and finance director for the Loma de Niquel project in Venezuela.
Mining Engineer with 40 years of experience in Latin American mines management, with a focus on underground precious metals. Former VP of Operations of Glencore in Bolivia. Former Operations Manager and Peru GM for Hochschild. Former Operations Manager for Volcan and SIMSA.
Exploration Geologist in Greenfield and Brownfield with experience in Skarn, Carbonate Hosted, Epithermal, Mesothermal and Porphyry Deposits for Buenaventura and as an independent consultant.
Senior executive with experience in General Management, Business Development, Finance and Operations in the Mining and Energy sectors, as well as the introduction of new technology projects in Mining and Energy.
Professional with a Master of Science degree in Natural Resource Engineering and Sustainable Development and Corporate Social Responsibility. Over 15 years of experience in socio-environmental management, project supervision under international standards (IFC/World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank and Equator Principles) and Citizen Participation processes in Mining sector.
Geological Engineer with more than 15 years of experience in exploration and mining projects. Experience in the implementation of OHS and Environment Programs and Negotiation of agreements for the use of surface land with communities.
Nikolas is a trained geologist with over a decade of experience in resource exploration and development in a wide variety of roles. He has worked in multiple jurisdictions on four continents, and has been part of two transactions worth almost $400 million. Mr. Matysek holds an Honours Geology degree from the University of British Columbia.
Resources finance executive with 15 years of experience financing Latin American mining projects. Launched Canaccord Genuity’s Latin America Institutional Equities business unit in 2010. Former Partner & Head of Capital Markets at Peru’s largest independent brokerage firm.
Co-founder of MMTP, Latitude’s predecessor company; instrumental in the acquisition of Recuperada. Sebastian brings a decade of experience in investments, mining and commodity trading.
Principal of CDM Capital Partners, a boutique natural resources investment banking advisory firm. Co-founder of Northern Empire Resources(acquired by Coeur Mining Inc in 2018) and Underworld Resources (acquired by Kinross Gold in 2009). Director and Founder of Otterburn Resources Inc.(predecessor company to K92 Mining Inc.).
Mining engineer with 35+ years of experience across a wide range of positions.
Director of Trevali from 2011 to 2019 (Chairman from 2017 to2019), during which Trevali doubled in size through the acquisition of two new assets. Former President and CEO of Crocodile Gold and Kria Resources. Ex VP Projects for Yamana and Goldcorp.
Mr. Johnstone has been an Investment Advisor to London Stock Exchange listed specialist resources Investment Company, BSRT, since its inception in 2010. Having trained in corporate finance and mergers and acquisitions at Citibank he entered the mining business in 1989 with Cluff Resources plc. Since that time, he has been active in the mining business as both an executive and non-executive director of a number of junior mining companies, listed and unlisted. He is currently a non-executive director of Tungsten West PLC a mining company quoted on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange, as well as a number of private companies in the BSRT portfolio.
Since 2004, as either CEO or Executive Chairman, Mr. Matysek has sold five publicly listed exploration and development companies, in aggregate worth over $2 billion.
Advisor 25+ years exploration experience; past President Redstar Gold; CEO+COO of private & listed mining companies.
>$3.2B OF VALUE CREATED IN THE LAST 15 YRS BY SILVER X LEADERSHIP


Tin mining in Cornwall has a long history, beginning as long ago as 2000 BC. The county had plenty of mineral mines, far more than the rest of the UK, as a result of the geology of the area.
A lot of Cornwall is made up of a mass of granite. When it was molten, almost 400 million years ago, fissures allowed more molten rock to bubble up through the granite. As it cooled and formed into the land mass that was to become Cornwall, the new rocks were full of rich minerals such as tin, lead, copper, zinc, iron and silver.
Copper and tin were important because they were used to forge weapons. The famous Nebra sky disc, dating from 1600 BC, was also made from various minerals mined in Cornwall. The ornamental disc features the oldest such depiction of the cosmos ever discovered.
© dani3315 / Adobe Stock
In modern history, Cornwall became the UK centre of tin production. In 1337, Cornish tin production was 650 tons per year, rising to 800 tons by 1400. In contrast, Devon produced only one-quarter of that amount.
Tin mining became really big business in the 16th century. From the 1540s, production increased at a rapid rate. Open cast mining techniques were used for the tin boom, with German miners who were experienced in the technique being employed to train their English workmates.
A new method of blasting the very hard granite rock with gunpowder to loosen it was invented by Somerset man Thomas Epsley in 1689. This revolutionised the mining industry. One blast could move rock that would take the miners six days’ work with a pick to dislodge.
In the 18th century, there was a major boom in tin mining when shafts were dug to extract the ore. It reached its peak in the 19th century, with the areas around Gwennap, St Day and Porthtowan becoming some of the richest mining areas on earth.
The mining boom lasted from the 1840s until the 1870s. Mines employed around 600 steam engines to pump out the sea water, as some of them went down to great depths. In the mid-19th century, Looe was a major port and shipped out the tin and granite.
The local population doubled during this period. Kit Hill Country Park had several mines, including Kit Hill Summit, Kit Hill United, East Kit Hill, Hingston Down and South Kit Hill mines.
A miner’s life wasn’t easy, as many of the mines were small and vertical, with cramped, hot and hazardous working conditions. Some mine owners invested in cages to take the miners up and down, but those who didn’t provided basic ladders to access the mines – another tiring addition to the daily toil.
In some mines, arsenic was found and the poisonous dust made the work extremely hazardous. Although precautions were taken, the workers often didn’t live beyond middle-age.
In 1839, an estimated 7,000 children worked in the Cornish mines. Boys were sent underground to do an adult’s job as soon as they were physically big enough. Women and girls worked for the mines, although they weren’t sent underground. They were known as “Bal Maidens” and worked on the surface, sorting through the ore brought up from the mine and separating the different substances.
The staple diet of a miner was the traditional Cornish pasty. It was easy to carry, so the miners could take it underground, as there wasn’t enough time for them to come to the surface to eat lunch.
The pastry usually contained meat and potatoes. However, it could be savoury at one end and sweet at the other, so that it was a main course and dessert all rolled into one.
Its thick, folded pastry often kept it hot until lunchtime and because the miners couldn’t wash their hands before eating, the pasty often had a thicker fold of pastry that they could hold and then throw the dirty piece away. Considering there may be arsenic down the mines which got on their hands, this was a sensible idea.
Towards the end of the 19th century, foreign competition eroded the price of copper and tin, making the Cornish mining industry less profitable.
By the late 19th century, Cornish mining was in decline. Workers were laid off and many emigrated overseas, where the mining industry was in its infancy and their skills were in demand. Popular destinations for miners included Austalia, South Africa and North America. In 1875, more than 10,000 miners left Cornwall to find work elsewhere.
Gradually, the mines began to close and sadly, many had gone before the turn of the 20th century. Dolcoath Mine, nicknamed the “queen of Cornish mines”, was one of the deepest mines in the world at 3,500 feet. It closed in 1921 and despite a brief resurgence in the tin mining industry during the 20th century, it was short-lived.
The world tin market collapsed in 1986, spelling the end of Cornish tin mining. Most of the mines closed down, with the last working tin mine being South Crofty, near Camborne. It closed in March 1998 and efforts to reopen it in 2006, after the price of tin went up, failed.
The old tin mines are designated World Heritage Sites today. Cornwall County Council acquired Geevor mine in 1992 and it became a Heritage Museum. Today, it’s run by Pendeen Community Heritage. Both Morwellham Quay and Geevor Tin Mine have become recognised “anchor points” on the European Route of Industrial Heritage.
Beautiful Cornwall, with its rich mining heritage, is also home to the Cornwall SEO Co – we can drive more traffic to your website through search engine optimisation. Contact us on 01726 74161 to find out how our professional services can assist your business.


ماسه ساز رآک ان رآک نوع جدیدی از سازنده های شن و ماسه عمودی ، یا به اصطلاح سنگ شکن "Rock & Rock" ، که در آن سنگ ها با برخورد به سندان خرد می شوند.
Technical data are approximating and should be used as guide only. Capacity and power requirements depend on the type and characteristic of the feed material.
Vertical Shaft Impact Crushers- (Rock On Rock)
VSI (Vertical Shaft Impactor) are suitable as tertiary crushing machines. The VSI offers the user many advantages over other methods of crushing. Including High tonnage, low capital investment, “cubical particle shape” and low operation cost.
The VSI is used as tertiary crushing machines to produce high quality sand for concrete, asphalt and cubical shaped aggregate at a low initial capital cost. New design features incorporated to assure low operating cost and ease of maintenance, versatility, high tonnage, cubical particle shape and operating simplicity.
The rotor which is set in heavy roller bearings is driven by a maintenance free belt drive system with tensioning device and an electric motor. ASCOMIX s VSI is equipped with a large dimension outlet which ensures smooth delivery of the crushed material.
The blades and rotor protection plates can be checked and replaced through the maintenance aperture in the cover without any dismantling. The rotor and the feed cone can be easily replaced after removal of the cover.


Class Code Information
PhraseologySand or Gravel Digging & Drivers
Includes construction, repair or maintenance of all buildings, structures or equipment, and the installation of machinery. No canal, sewer or cellar excavation or underground mining.
Code 4000 applies to employers engaged in digging sand, clay, gravel and shale. In some cases, the clay is loaded onto small cars and hauled to manufacturing plants or shipped. Sand and gravel involve digging or dredging operations. Sand or gravel is excavated with hand shovels or with mechanical apparatus such as power shovels, drag lines, clam shell diggers or cranes or obtained from navigable or non-navigable waters by means of hydraulic dredges, clam shell dredges, etc. Water is pumped into the soil to loosen the sand or gravel which is then pumped through pipes to hoppers. The sand or gravel is conveyed from the bank, pit or dredge to hoppers by means of trucks, belt conveyers, narrow gauge railroads or pipelines. At the hoppers, sand or gravel is washed to remove any foreign element, graded and sorted by means of revolving screens, stored in bins, hoppers or piles, or dumped or chuted to delivery conveyances. Sand and gravel in its natural state usually requires only screening with the larger stones being rejected. However, when the rejected material is run through a crusher and then rescreened, the crushing operation is incidental provided that the principal business of the employer is sand or gravel digging.
This interpretation is intended to distinguish crushing operations by sand and gravel dealers from rock crushing operations that take place in connection with quarrying operations. Also included under the scope of this classification is the preliminary stripping operations which consist of the clearing of brush (not trees), some pulling of stumps, removal of top soil or occasional blasting. Note that this classification applies only when the excavation is performed to obtain sand or gravel for reprocessing (such as washing and screening) and used elsewhere other than at the point of deposit from dredging operations.
Assignment by Analogy
Operations to be Separately Rated
Concrete mixing in transit. Refer to Code 8232 “Building Material Dealer – No Second-Hand Material & Local Managers, Drivers.”
Dredging lakes, drainage canals or channels as an aid to navigation, or dredging for purpose of filling. Refer to Code 7335 “Dredging – All Types – Program II – State Act” and Code 7337 “Dredging – All Types – Program II – USL Act.”
Rock crushing by quarries – other than for cement rock or limestone. Refer to Code 1624 “Quarry – NOC & Drivers.”
Stone crushing. Refer to Code 1710 “Stone Crushing & Drivers.”
Underground mining – not coal. Refer to Code 1170 “Mining – NOC – With Shafts, Tunnels or Drifts & Drivers.”


The North Mara gold mine is located in north–west Tanzania in the Tarime district of the Mara region. It is around 100 kilometres east of Lake Victoria and 20 kilometres south of the Kenyan border. North Mara started commercial production in 2002.
The mine is a combined open pit and underground operation from two deposits, Gokona (underground) and Nyabirama (open pit).
BARRICK NORTH MARA GOLD MINE IS HIRING FOR THE BELOW POSITIONS. CLICK ON EACH POSITION LISTED BELOW TO READ FULL DETAILS:
1. PROJECT GEOLOGIST– 1 POSITION
2. GRADUATE METALLURGIST– 1 POSITION
3. MINE SURVEYOR– 1 POSITION
4. SURVEY ASSISTANT– 1 POSITION
5. UNDERGROUND MOBILE EQUIPMENT SUPERINTENDENT– 1 POSITION
6. TSF CIVIL ENGINEER– 1 POSITION


Mining Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang do Dissemination of Curriculum & Training Technology Underground Coal Mine Safety on January 25 to January 28 2016 FT UNP. Dissemination and training provide Comprehension Exam Training Materials for participants titled "Project for Overseas of Coal Mining Technology in collaboration with the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporaton and Education and Training Center for Mineral and Coal.
The purpose of this training is to provide increased knowledge on safety technology in underground coal mines. Target Training participants are students and teachers in the UNP, an amount of about 40 people. Teaching team from Japan, among others, SATO Noboru, Togawa Shinji, Kawada Toshihide, Shimoda Yoshihisa, and MATSUI Kikuo (Professor Emeritus at Kyushu University), and Senior Lecturer Mining Training Center.
According to the Chairman of the Mining Engineering Department FT UNP, the training was conducted in preparing graduates are professional mining personnel from the UNP to compete internationally. This is in line with the spirit of Padang State University towards World Class University. Chairman Prodi also plans to establish cooperation which will be further discussed with the Vice Rector IV, Dr. Ardipal, M.Pd.


Austin Detonator s.r.o.
|Company Name:||Austin Detonator s.r.o.|
|Address:||Jasenice 712 755 01 Vsetín|
|Main type of business:||Manufacturing|
|Type of membership:||Corporate|
|Year of Establishment in CR:||N/A|
|Turnover in CZK:||N/A|
|Number of Employees in CR:||460|
|Core business:||Austin Detonator - producer and supplier of electric and non-electric detonators and initiators for industrial blasting, member of Austin Powder International.
The company also provides consulting and blasting services to ensure correct and safe use of the products. Austin Detonator utilizes decades of experience with production of explosives and initiators.
Typical customers are mining and/or blasting companies in minerals and ores, demolition, tunneling and construction.


With combined experience of over 40 years in the industry, Iron Ore Properties'''' founders have worked throughout the northeast and have collectively developed and facilitated the development of thousands of residential homes (both rental and for sale) as well as millions of square feet of commercial buildings ? More Details Kenya Iron Ore Mine For Sale or Lease Purchase The major Iron Ore deposits have been found in Precambrian Sedimentary Rocks, The Earth Atmosphere was poor in Oxygen early in its history and it is now thought that the low availability of Oxygen, allowed an abundance of Iron in its soluble lower Oxidation or Ferrous form to be leached in great quantities from the land surface - More Details Iron Ore Facts Softschools Iron ore is rock which metallic iron can be extracted from Custom Built Bulk Commodities carried: iron ore, stone and coal - Iron ore is the most common element in the world and makes up close to 5% of the Earth''''s crust Custom Built Bulk Commodities carried: iron ore, stone and coal,
Iron ore that contains a high quality of hematite or magnetite are known as "natural ore More Details r/Blacksmith Where To Buy Iron Ore reddit Jul 25, 2016 · turning iron ore into usable metal for forging isn''''t that simple, you may want to research iron bloomery processes and ancient crucible steel processes - as for ore, you''''ll likely be able to get more iron for cheaper if you can just dredge iron sand out of a creek or melt down scrap than if you have ore shipped to you ? if you want to go completely traditional you may also want to research bog More Details Iron ore for sale near tyler texas okdgroup Iron ore for sale near tyler texas Products ? As a leading global manufacturer of crushing, grinding and mining equipments, we offer advanced, reasonable solutions for any sizereduction requirements including, Iron ore for sale near tyler texas, quarry, aggregate, and different kinds of minerals - More Details Iron ore price monthly 20182019 Statista Iron ore import value to the United States from 2009 to 2015 (in 1,000 U - 20092015 Gross weight of the iron ore production in Canada from 2006 to More Details Iron Ore Today''''s Spot Price & Charts Market Index Iron Ore (Fe) is mined in around 50 countries worldwide and used to make steel (buildings, cars, white goods etc,
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This release contains the remainder of assay results from exploration drilling at the
Highlights from the drill results include: 58.60 g/t Au and 24.8 g/t Ag over 1.90m from a depth of 35m in hole P21-2384 at the
11.22 g/t Au and 19.1 g/t Ag over 9.35m from a depth of 158m in hole P21-2336 at the
5.48 g/t Au and 9.8 g/t Ag over 4.80m from a depth of 188m in hole P21-2387 at the Boneyard near the Premier mill. This hole provides further evidence of mineralization continuing beyond the western limb of the Northern Light deposit.
This release summarizes the results from sixteen surface drill holes at the
In addition, the final outstanding assay results from the 2021 exploration season, consisting of 5,982 metres of drilling in 28 drill holes focused on in-filling the Big Missouri deposit, are now being received and will be released in the coming weeks as they become available.
Since its discovery in 2020, with a modest 32 drill holes we have already outlined a number of high-grade areas at the
Ascot recently expanded the
The three additional holes were drilled towards the west following positive results in drill hole P21-2331 reported on
Five drill holes (2380-2384) were completed from pad Day-5 that is located at a lower elevation on the western side of the ridge. These short holes were aimed towards high grade intercepts from last year and yielded additional high-grade intercepts as well as additional geological and structural information that is required to properly interpret this relatively new area of high-grade mineralization.
Drilling at the Boneyard and Woodbine
Earlier in the 2021 drill season, Ascot started surface drilling at lower elevations in the area west of the Premier deposit and near the mill building. Following up on the previously reported 50 metre step-out hole to the west of the existing Northern Light resource which intercepted 21.13 g/t Au over 7.0m in hole P21-2320, the final drill hole of the 2021 campaign, hole P21-2387, yielded a high-grade intercept approximately 25 metres to the east. This is another area with high potential for additional resources close to planned infrastructure.
In 2020, the Company drilled nine exploration holes at the Woodbine target to the west of the Premier mill, successfully intercepting high-grade gold mineralization. Ascot established a new drill pad in 2021 in order to test gold in soil anomalies at higher elevations that had previously remained untested. Drill hole P21-2332 intercepted anomalous gold at two principal elevations with the lower split into three different zones. The higher intercept is a new zone of mineralization whereas the lower zones roughly align with mineralization that was intercepted last year approximately 200 metres to the southeast. The geology and structure at the Woodbine prospect will require additional work to fully assess its potential. Due to the logistics of operating in the very steep terrain, the decision was made to defer additional work at Woodbine until better access for safe operations can be established.
Ascot is a Canadian-based junior exploration and development company focused on re-starting the past-producing Premier gold mine, located in
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information
All statements, trend analysis and other information contained in this press release about anticipated future events or results constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are often, but not always, identified by the use of words such as ‘seek’, ‘anticipate’, ‘believe’, ‘plan’, ‘estimate’, ‘expect’ and ‘intend’ and statements that an event or result ‘may’, ‘will’, ‘should’, ‘could’ or ‘might’ occur or be achieved and other similar expressions. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included herein are forward-looking statements, including statements regarding the Company’s exploration and development plans, the success of the Projects, the implementation of the Agreement, the benefits of the Agreement to Nisga’a Nation, its citizens and businesses as well as the shareholders and stakeholders of Ascot, and related matters. Although Ascot believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements and/or information are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements since the Ascot can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results or events to differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements, including the risks, uncertainties and other factors identified in the Ascot’s periodic filings with Canadian securities regulators, and assumptions made with regard to: the anticipated benefits of the Agreement, the estimated costs associated with construction of the
Forward-looking statements are subject to business and economic risks and uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results of operations to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from Ascot’s expectations include risks associated with the implementation of the Agreement, risks associated with the business of Ascot; risks related to exploration and potential development of Ascot’s projects; business and economic conditions in the mining industry generally; fluctuations in commodity prices and currency exchange rates; uncertainties relating to interpretation of drill results and the geology, continuity and grade of mineral deposits; the need for cooperation of government agencies and indigenous groups in the exploration and development of properties and the issuance of required permits; the need to obtain additional financing to develop properties and uncertainty as to the availability and terms of future financing; the possibility of delay in exploration or development programs and uncertainty of meeting anticipated program milestones; uncertainty as to timely availability of permits and other governmental approvals; risks associated with COVID-19 including adverse impacts on the world economy, construction timing and the availability of personnel and other risk factors as detailed from time to time and additional risks identified in Ascot’s filings with Canadian securities regulators on SEDAR in
Credit: www.marketscreener.com – Source link


Company Agnico Eagle
Agnico-Eagle is a Canadian-based gold producer that has been mining gold mainly in underground mines for more than 30 years. The company operates in Canada, Mexico, the U.S, and also in Kittila (northern Finland). The open-pit and underground operations there are extracting one of the largest known gold deposits in Europe.
Although gold has been mined in Finland for more than a century, today’s mining operations are quite different than the gold washing of yesteryear. In modern production, gold is extracted from the ore in a complicated process. Only about two percent of the gold in Kittila is free metallic gold, the rest is locked inside sulfide minerals. As a result, the refining process is much more complicated. The ore is crushed, grinded, floated, oxidated under pressure in an autoclave, and carbon concentrated. It’s then refined electrolytically in a solution. Finally, the gold is melted and poured into bars.
To monitor and control the operation and safety of the ore production, Mr. Jorma Rantanen, IT manager at the plant, set up cameras in the production areas. Operators in a process control room, which looks directly out on the operation, monitor all aspects of production on multiple screens.
”We use two to four monitors with each computer to monitor the production,” Mr. Rantanen explained. Although the control room is a closed-in area, it’s located next to the production area and is not a clean environment. So Mr. Rantanen put the computers in a safe server room away from the refining area. To solve the problem of driving the signals between, Mr. Rantanen turned to Black Box. ”The images, along with the keyboard and mouse signals are transmitted approximately 75 feet with the help of Black Box dualaccess, quad-head KVM extenders over CATx cable. The extenders solved the problem of how to keep the computers safe while using the monitors and keyboards in an industrial environment. In the plant’s computer center, Mr. Rantanen also uses a Black Box KVM Matrix Switch so two operators can control up to 16 servers simultaneously. The matrix switching system makes control of the servers effective and flexible while eliminating the need for extra equipment and cables, saving a lot of money.
“I’ve known Black Box for a long time,” explained Mr. Rantanen. ”So I knew who to contact when it was time to put the control system in. The Black Box equipment has been working without a problem since the first floating refinings were done. The Black Box equipment may be a small part of the mine’s total equipment, but even the small parts have to work flawlessly,” emphasized Mr. Rantanen. ”Black Box experts understood our needs and were quickly able to propose the best system for our needs. The right equipment and accessories came at the right time, and Black Box proved to be the right supplier in this project.”
Industry: Manufacturing & Industrial,
Products: KVM Switching & Extension,
Technology: KVM Switching & Extension,


Moglix Enables 100% First Time Right Fabrication for India's Leading Natural Resources Conglomerate
The mining behemoth is one of India's leading natural resources-based conglomerates with a diversified portfolio across ferrous and non-ferrous mines, oil & gas, and coal. Moglix Business intervened as an enabler of custom fabrication of a duct, raw material procurement, and painting for the company's capex expansion in the coal mining vertical.
- Need for one-stop capex solution
- Fabrication as per drawing
- Large scale credit exposure
- Hammer test after welding
100 % First-Time Right Fabrication for Mine-to-Market Conglomerate
Learn how Moglix is enabling capex project procurement for a coal mine in Jharkhand


Not all the content of precious metals in the Earth's crust is little. For example, titanium, zirconium, vanadium content in the Earth's crust than the common non-ferrous metals nickel, copper, cobalt, lead, Tin and zinc. Rare occurrence due to scattered and often associated with other metal, some special physical and chemical properties and often have to take a special production process. As with organic solvent extraction method and the ion exchange method separation extraction lithium, and RB, and cesium, and beryllium, and zirconium, and hafnium, and tantalum, and NB, and tungsten, and MO, and gallium, and indium, and thallium, and germanium, and rhenium and La Department metal, and Actinium Department metal,; with metal hot restore method, and melt salt electrolytic legal take lithium, and beryllium, and titanium, and zirconium, and hafnium, and vanadium, and NB, and tantalum and the re metal,; with chloride metallurgical method extraction separation or restore business take titanium, and zirconium, and hafnium, and tantalum, and NB and re metal,; with iodine of real hot decomposition legal take high pure titanium, and zirconium, and hafnium, and vanadium, and uranium, and thorium,. Vacuum arc melting, electron beam melting, plasma smelting and a series of metallurgical technology has been used to extract rare metals, especially rare and refractory metals. Zone melting technology is the production of high purity rare metals and an effective means of rare and refractory metals.


AngloGold, the world's largest gold producer, is embarking on a new venture into jewelry manufacturing. The company announced Thursday it will acquire a 25% stake in OroAfrica, South Africa's largest gold jewelry manufacturer, for $8 million.
The acquisition is the latest in a series of initiatives by AngloGold to market its product worldwide. "We see this as a positive move for our company," AngloGold CEO Bobby Godsell says. "It is in line with our corporate strategy to seek value from gold and our commitment to marketing the metal we mine." AngloGold will spend $16 million on global marketing initiatives this year.
The company also hopes to increase revenue by moving into manufacturing. "AngloGold aims to extract value from its product beyond the current limits of mining," Kelvin Williams, executive director of marketing for AngloGold, says. "The premiums on gold are highest further down the product chain in the business, so this move is expected to generate additional revenue for the company and enhanced shareholder value down the road."
OroAfrica is a private company with a strong export focus, and has recently entered a joint venture with the Italian company Filk SPA to manufacture gold chain jewelry. The export market will remain the focus of OroAfrica's growth, AngloGold says. The company will continue to seek new markets and manufacturing opportunities overseas and will offer OroAfrica jewelry for sale on the AngloGold joint venture gold website when it begins operation.
- by Julia M. Duncan


All metals saw an increase on 2/8, with palladium rising the most.
Many gold mining executives are hunting for mergers and acquisitions as the industry continues to grow. During the recession, the gold industry went into survival mode and mining companies focused on cutting costs (as opposed to exploration and investment in existing operations). Now that prices have recovered, mining companies are facing the need to reevaluate business plans. However, the industry now faces reduced mine life and smaller discoveries because the amount of the world’s viable gold is declining. In fact, some major reserves have fallen about 40 percent since 2011. This is why companies are turning towards exploration and M&A.


Noble Helium has five Prospecting Licenses (PL), covering 1,138km2 in the Eyasi Basin and four PLs applications, covering 855km2 in the Manyara Basin, both located in central northern Tanzania.
Road access to the Eyasi Basin Project from Dar es Salaam is via the Tanzanian Capital of Dodoma, in the centre of the country.
Air access is via Arusha, the major tourist centre in northern Tanzania, followed by road access west toward Ngorongoro for approximately 100km to the Manyara Project Area and 160km to the Eyasi Project Area.
Figure 1. Eyasi Basin Prospecting Licences and Manyara Basin Licence Applications
Noble Helium is planning an initial data acquisition campaign for the Eyasi and Manyara Areas, similar to the Rukwa Basin, that will provide initial structural, stratigraphic and geochemical insights into the basin. This planned work program includes:
- Identify internal structural trends from legacy gravity and airborne magnetic field data
- Completion of surface geochemistry surveys to identify areas of each basin that demonstrate greater helium concentrations associated with high nitrogen and low CO2; and
- Geological sampling and analysis programs.


A United States Senate inquiry opened on January 23 into two accidents in West Virginia in the first three weeks of January that killed 14 coal miners. Twelve of the deaths occurred after an explosion on January 2 at the Sago Mine in Tallmansville, owned by International Coal Group (ICG). Two more miners perished after a fire broke out on January 18 at Massey Energy Company’s Aracoma Coal unit. Both companies have been cited for repeated safety violations.
Federal mine safety officials and the mine owners will be called to testify before the 15-member bipartisan panel. The senators are expected to question mining officials about whether federal regulations are outdated and hazards are being minimized.
In an article reported on January 10 in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, Pennsylvania Republican Senator Arlen Specter said the panel plans to look into the adequacy of funding for mine inspections and to explore whether there are connections between the Sago mine’s safety violations in recent years and the accident. "It’s been reported that there were quite a number of violations – I don’t know that to be a fact, but I’d like to hear from the mine inspectors as to what they found," he said. "The next question is what action did the mine owners take on correcting them. The third question is whether any of the violations were causative of the problems."
Separate reports will be issued on the mine explosion by the United States Mine Safety and Health Administration and the West Virginia investigators.
Source: Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
This article originally appeared in The Ergonomics Report™ on 2006-01-24.


The Growing Importance of communication technology in Mining
Mining companies today need to develop long-term strategies for communication like never before. Communication and connection with data systems will bridge the gap between remote sites and their headquarters. It will provide a framework for information to flow freely between all departments and people involved in the mining process.
More companies are turning towards mobile technologies because of their ability to create efficiencies that contribute to success for mining companies. M2M communications support is crucial and mining systems also require the means to have advanced collaboration such as data transfer and clear communication with tunnel sites in mining.
Communications improvements will improve safety in mining and deliver the chance for efficiency improvements. The use of mining sensors and data communication technology is leading to new insights in the form of predictive analysis, which provides actionable insight for mining companies.
Mining sensors monitor equipment and remote sites using smart technology to provide data in real-time. This allows operations managers to make more informed decisions on any changes, thus increasing the productivity of their workforce and optimizing costs. The mining company can analyze data obtained from these devices and use it to identify equipment faults and other potential problems, allowing them to be dealt with before they escalate. Mining companies can also use data gathered from sensors to identify process improvements which will eventually lead to increased productivity, cycle time reductions, and better safety performance.
Using M2M communication technology provides remote sites the opportunity to access information that will allow for improved decision-making, which will lead to better efficiency.
The opportunities that exist today in mining are endless, whether it is for the site of a new mine or trying to improve an existing one. Without this data, management companies cannot accurately determine how profitable their sites are and where future projects should be developed. Improved awareness of the status of critical equipment could possibly mean improved communications and mine safety for the future.
If you would like to learn more about the latest in mining communication, contact us today.
This post was written by Justin Tidd, Director at Becker Mining Communications! For over 15 years, Becker Communications has been the industry’s leader in radio communication in tunnels and electrical mining communication systems. As they expanded into surface mining, railroads, and tunneling they added wireless communication systems, handheld radios, tagging and tracking systems, as well as gas monitoring.