Albanian open call in copper – brief history of the copper industry in Albania, Dr. Lorenc Gordani, 4 July 2017
Albanian Ministry of Enegy has made public an invitation for expressions of interest from domestic and foreign investors to invest in the copper extraction and processing industry with the aim of complex and rational use of the first mineral resource through complete processing in the country to final wire and cable products, synchronization and recycling copper and its alloys, as an added value for income growth, GDP contribution, export and employment.
The copper industry is one of the oldest industries in the country. It has operated as complex ranging from geological research, mineral extraction, enrichment, blister copper production, electrolytic, wires and cables, brass and other copper alloys, brass lamination up to slag processing. Its origin starts from 1936, with geological research carried out by Italians and later on with the start of mineral production in Rubik mine which was accompanied with the construction of enrichment factory and melting plant. After the WWII, with mining and Rubik plantbase this industry was reactivated in 1946. Production rates increased from year to year and in 1960, 72200 tons of mineral and 950 tons of blister copper which was exported, was produced.
After this period the copper industry development was done in two directions, intensive and extensive, where priority was given to the second one. Hence, many mines were put in use, 7 enrichment factories were built, 3 copper plants and wires and cables plant in Shkodra. With these investments, it was completely closed the cycle of full copper mining processing (from the extraction to the production of wires and cables covering the country’s needs and demand for export).
After 1985, priority was given to the intensive use of the copper industry. The highest levels of production were achieved in 1989, where 1.14 million tons of copper mineral, 62,000 tons of copper concentrate, pyrite concentrate, and 15,300 tons of blister copper were produced. After 1990s, with the change of the system, and with the corporate- level copper scheme (Albbakër), based on the economic assistance given by the government and European Community, it began the stabilization of the part of the industry which had remained undamaged or that could get back to work without large expenses which was evaluated as economic for use.
In the years 1995-1997, this industry was reactivated in 13 enterprises with 4,500 employees, 15 mines were put into function and were organized in 7 mining enterprises, 7 enrichment factories, and 3 copper and wires plants.
Dealing with the market economy necessitated the economic reassessment of this industry for almost every source, so some mining sites, enrichment factories and copper plant in Kukës were closed and conserved, because its operation and function heavily burdened the economic situation of this branch. After the events of 1997, this industry was completely suspended.
Despite some attempts to reactivate it, the sharp drop in the copper metal price in the world market, the huge stock of reserves, the lack of investment and other objective and subjective factors, made all this efforts fail. Eventually, by Government decision, based on economic-financial analysis, a number of objects of this industry were closed down, preserved and later on demolished. In 2001, a concession was granted for some of the main facilities of this industry, and therefore in 2004 and on it was restarted its activation but only until the enrichment.
Disclaimer: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this publication, it is not intended to provide legal advice as individual situations will differ and should be discussed with an expert and/or lawyer. For specific technical or legal advice on the information provided and related topics, please contact the editor at the “firstname.lastname@example.org”.


The Madura Project tenements are located approximately 540km east of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, with non-contiguous tenements extending as far south as near the Western Australian south coast. The exploration project consists of two granted Exploration Licences and three Exploration Licence applications in the Madura Province of south-eastern Western Australia, covering an area of 420km2.
Prior to applying for the tenements in 2021, the tenements had historic exploration in the form of airborne geophysical surveys and a regional stratigraphic hole by the GSWA. Much of this work was concentrated around the northern most tenement (E69/3843), where indicators for Cu-Au source and host rocks is documented.
There is potential for gold-copper mineralisation of an IOCG affinity, and this is the basis for the proposed exploration program within the exploration project area.


LONGUEUIL, Quebec, July 06, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Stornoway Diamond Corporation (TSX:SWY) (the "Corporation" or "Stornoway") is pleased to provide production and sales results at the Renard Diamond Mine for the second quarter ended June 30, 2018. Highlights are as follows:
(All quoted figures in CAD$ unless otherwise noted)
- 201,283 carats sold in two tender sales for gross proceeds1 of $28.6 million2 at an average price of US$109 per carat ($142 per carat2).
- Second quarter diamond production was 223,351 carats produced from the processing of 562,060 tonnes of ore at an average grade of 40 carats per hundred tonnes ("cpht"). Grade and carat recoveries during the quarter reflect the processing of lower grade production ore and ore stockpiles as the Renard Mine transitions from open pit to underground mining.
- Mining in the Renard 3 open pit concluded in April. Ramp up of the underground mine production progressed steadily during the quarter, with mined underground tonnes averaging 3,864 tonnes per day ("tpd") in June.
- Commissioning of the ore sorting plant, which commenced in March, was completed during the quarter and is now fully operational. Waste rejected represents between 15% and 30% of material sorted, with 1-2% kimberlite content in the reject stream. Diamonds recovered since sorting commenced exhibit low levels of breakage.
Matt Manson, President and CEO of Stornoway commented "Our second quarter production and sales report reflects the ongoing transition from open pit to underground mining and the introduction of ore-waste sorting. By the end of the quarter this transition was essentially complete, albeit with a slower than expected underground ramp-up because of lengthening lead times on mobile mining equipment. We have been particularly encouraged by the performance of the new ore sorting plant. Initial diamond results are encouraging, and given the volume and quality of the waste that is being rejected we see the potential for processing capacity in our plant beyond its current name-plate rating. Exploiting this potential new capacity will involve the development of a modified mine plan to support the accelerated mining required, and permitting." Matt Manson continued: "The end of the second quarter also marks the end of the principal construction capital spending at Renard. The second half of the year is expected to see lower capital spending, higher processing rates and higher grades and carat recoveries. We are also seeing the rough diamond market continue to strengthen on the basis of strong market fundamentals and consumer demand. On this basis, we are engaged with our lenders on the modification of certain debt instruments to better suit the working capital requirements of the business over the longer term. These discussions are ongoing and progressing well."
Second Quarter Diamond Sales Results
The second quarter sales of 201,283 carats represented run-of-mine production recovered between February and March 2018. Gross proceeds1 were $28.6 million2 at an average price of US$109 per carat ($142 per carat2). On a segmented basis, 147,008 carats of +7 DTC sieve size diamonds were sold at an average price of US$142 per carat ($185 per carat2), and 54,275 carats of -7 DTC sieve size diamonds were sold at an average price of US$20 per carat ($26 per carat2). These results exclude sales from the third tender sale of the first quarter, being 127,616 carats sold at an average price of US$123 per carat ($156 per carat3), which were recorded as revenues in the second quarter, as deliveries to clients were made at the beginning of the second quarter.
In addition to the sale of run of mine production, an additional 41,979 carats of diamonds smaller than the -7 DTC sieve size were sold in an out of tender contract sale for gross proceeds1 of $1.0 million4 at an average price of US$18.50 per carat ($25 per carat4). These represent recoveries of small diamond "incidentals" produced between March and May 2018 that are in excess of that expected from the Renard Mineral Resource. The sale of such incidentals represents incremental revenue above that provided for in Stornoway's FY2018 segmented sales guidance.
Second Quarter Production Results
Second quarter production was 223,351 carats recovered from the processing of 562,060 tonnes of ore at an attributable grade of 40 carats per hundred tonnes. Grade and carat recoveries during the quarter reflect the processing of lower grade ore as the Renard Mine transitions from open pit to underground mining. Open pit mining at Renard 2 was completed in March and at Renard 3 in April. Ore processed during the quarter was sourced primarily from the underground mine, from low grade stockpiles, and from the Renard 65 open pit. Carat production during the second quarter was consistent with the revised guidance for the Renard Mine issued on May 15, 2018.
Ramp up of the Renard 2 underground mine production progressed during the second quarter, with average daily production rates being 1,538 tpd in April, 4,342 tpd in May, and 3,864 tpd in June. Development of an Assisted Block Cave as the principal mining method in the underground mine is proceeding well, with the focus being on achieving optimum granulometry for the blasted ore and opening up multiple panels to support the planned mining rate. Currently, however, production rates are being restricted more by equipment availability than by the quantity of ore in drawpoints available for mucking. As expected, the low grades and high dilution observed in the initial panels developed at the margin of the ore body are giving way to higher grades and lower dilution as mining panels are opened within the main body of the kimberlite. Processing rates in the quarter averaged 6,460 tonnes per day compared to an annual plan of 7,000 tonnes per day.
The new ore sorting plant ("OSP") at Renard was commissioned during the quarter, and has been processing ore on a consistent basis since mid-May. The volume and quality of waste segregated from the ore-feed has exceeded expectations, with waste rejected representing between 15% and 30% of material sorted. Kimberlite content in the waste stream has averaged between 1% and 2%.
This has resulted in a significant reduction in process plant head-feed and opened up new plant capacity for future exploitation. Because the waste within the Renard ore is hard and difficult to crush, its rejection from the main process plant has also resulted in a net reduction in power consumption for processing even with the addition of the new sorting circuit.
Considering the highly abrasive characteristics of the ore processed to date through the OSP, consisting mainly of highly diluted, low grade material, the diamonds recovered since its introduction have exhibited lower levels of breakage than observed previously with comparable feed composition.
Balance Sheet and Financial Liquidity
At quarter end, cash and cash equivalents stood at $31.6 million and Available Liquidity5 to the Corporation, including available credit facilities, stood at $46.5 million (on a preliminary and unaudited basis). These amounts exclude $15.9 million representing restricted deposits related to debt service reserve accounts. During the second quarter the Corporation was engaged in discussions with its lenders to amend the terms of certain debt instruments to better suit the working capital requirements of the business pending the expected attainment of free cash flow. Pursuant to these discussions, which are ongoing, both Diaquem Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Investissement Quebec and Stornoway's senior lender, and Fonds de Solidarité FTQ, an unsecured lender, have agreed to the deferral of principal payments totalling $10.4 million (on senior and unsecured indebtedness totalling $129.7 million) from June 30, 2018 to September 30, 2018. Diaquem Inc. also agreed to waive the obligation of the Corporation to meet the historical debt service coverage ratio and the projected debt service coverage ratio under the credit agreement dated July 8, 2014, until September 30, 2018.
NON-IFRS FINANCIAL MEASURES
This document refers to certain financial measures, such as Available Liquidity, which are not measures recognized under IFRS and do not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS. As a result, these measures may not be comparable to similar measures reported by other corporations.
Each of these measures have been derived from the Corporation's financial statements and have been defined and calculated based on management's reasonable judgement. These measures are used by management and by investors to assist in assessing the Corporation's performance. The measures are intended to provide additional information to the user and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures prepared in accordance with IFRS.
"Available Liquidity" comprises cash and cash equivalents and available credit facilities (less related upfront fees) and is used by the management and investors to measure the amount of cash resources available to the Corporation, over and above the cash generated from operations, to support the operating and capital requirements of the business.
ABOUT THE RENARD DIAMOND MINE
The Renard Diamond Mine is Quebec's first producing diamond mine and Canada's sixth. It is located approximately 250 km north of the Cree community of Mistissini and 350 km north of Chibougamau in the James Bay region of north-central Québec. Construction on the project commenced on July 10, 2014, and commercial production was declared on January 1, 2017. Average annual diamond production is forecast at 1.8 million carats per annum over the first 10 years of mining. Readers are referred to the technical report dated January 11, 2016, in respect of the September 2015 Mineral Resource estimate, and the technical report dated March 30, 2016, in respect of the March 2016 Updated Mine Plan and Mineral Reserve Estimate for further details and assumptions relating to the project.
Disclosure of a scientific or technical nature in this press release was prepared under the supervision of M. Patrick Godin, P.Eng. (Québec), Chief Operating Officer a "qualified person" under National Instrument ("NI") 43-101.
ABOUT STORNOWAY DIAMOND CORPORATION
Stornoway is a leading Canadian diamond exploration and production company listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol SWY and headquartered in Montreal. A growth oriented company, Stornoway owns a 100% interest in the world-class Renard Mine, Québec's first diamond mine.
On behalf of the Board
STORNOWAY DIAMOND CORPORATION
/s/ "Matt Manson"
President and Chief Executive Officer
|For more information, please contact Matt Manson (President and CEO) at 416-304-1026 x2101|
or Orin Baranowsky (CFO) at 416-304-1026 x2103 or Sébastien Huot (Manager, Financial Reporting and Investor Relations) at 450-616-5555 x2223
or toll free at 1-877-331-2232
Pour plus d'information, veuillez contacter Sébastien Huot (Directeur, Information Financière et Relations Investisseurs) au 450-616-5555 x2223, firstname.lastname@example.org
** Website: www.stornowaydiamonds.com Email: email@example.com **
This document contains forward-looking information (as defined in National Instrument 51‑102 – Continuous Disclosure Obligations) and forward-looking statements within the meaning of Canadian securities legislation and the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (collectively referred to herein as "forward-looking information" or "forward-looking statements"). These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this document and, the Corporation does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law.
These forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance and include, among others, statements with respect to Stornoway's objectives for the ensuing year, our medium and long-term goals, and strategies to achieve those objectives and goals, as well as statements with respect to our management's beliefs, plans, objectives, expectations, estimates, intentions and future outlook and anticipated events or results. Although management considers these assumptions to be reasonable based on information currently available to it, they may prove to be incorrect.
Forward-looking statements reflect current expectations or beliefs regarding future events and include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to: (i) the amount of Mineral Reserves, Mineral Resources and exploration targets; (ii) the estimated amount of future production over any period; (iii) net present value and internal rates of return of the mining operation; (iv) expectations and targets relating to recovered grade, size distribution and quality of diamonds, average ore recovery, carats recovered, carats sold, internal dilution, mining dilution and other mining parameters set out in the 2016 Technical Report as well as levels of diamond breakage; (v) expectations, targets and forecasts relating to gross revenues, operating cash flows and other revenue metrics set out in the 2016 Technical Report, growth in diamond sales, cost of goods sold, cash cost of production, gross margins estimates, planned and projected diamond sales, mix of diamonds sold, and capital expenditures, liquidity and working capital requirements; (vi) mine and resource expansion potential, expected mine life, and estimated incremental ore recovery, revenue and other mining parameters from potential additional mine life extension; (vii) expected time frames for completion of permitting and regulatory approvals related to ongoing construction activities at the Renard Diamond Mine; (viii) the expected time frames for the completion of the open pit and underground mine at the Renard Diamond Mine; (ix) the expected financial obligations or costs incurred by Stornoway in connection with the ongoing development of the Renard Diamond Mine; (x) mining, development, production, processing and exploration rates, progress and plans, as compared to schedule and budget, and planned optimization, expansion opportunities, timing thereof and anticipated benefits therefrom; (xi) future exploration plans and potential upside from targets identified for further exploration; (xii) expectations concerning outlook and trends in the diamond industry, rough diamond production, rough diamond market demand and supply, and future market prices for rough diamonds and the potential impact of the foregoing on various Renard financial metrics and diamond production; (xiii) the economic benefits of using liquefied natural gas rather than diesel for power generation; (xiv) sources of and anticipated financing requirements; (xv) the ability to meet Subject Diamonds Interest delivery obligations under the Purchase and Sale Agreement; (xvi) the foreign exchange rate between the US dollar and the Canadian dollar; and (xvii) the anticipated benefits from recently approved plant modification measures and the anticipated timeframe and expected capital cost thereof. Any statements that express or involve discussions with respect to predictions, expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance (often, but not always, using words or phrases such as "expects", "anticipates", "plans", "projects", "estimates", "assumes", "intends", "strategy", "goals", "objectives", "schedule" or variations thereof or stating that certain actions, events or results "may", "could", "would", "might" or "will" be taken, occur or be achieved, or the negative of any of these terms and similar expressions) are not statements of historical fact and may be forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements are made based upon certain assumptions by Stornoway or its consultants and other important factors that, if untrue, could cause the actual results, performances or achievements of Stornoway to be materially different from future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by such statements. Such statements and information are based on numerous assumptions regarding present and future business prospects and strategies and the environment in which Stornoway will operate in the future, including the recovered grade, size distribution and quality of diamonds, average ore recovery, internal dilution, and levels of diamond breakage, the price of diamonds, anticipated costs and Stornoway's ability to achieve its goals, anticipated financial performance, regulatory developments, development plans, exploration, development and mining activities and commitments, and the foreign exchange rate between the US and Canadian dollars. Although management considers its assumptions on such matters to be reasonable based on information currently available to it, they may prove to be incorrect. Certain important assumptions by Stornoway or its consultants in making forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: (i) the accuracy of our estimates regarding capital and estimated workforce requirements; (ii) estimates of net present value and internal rates of return; (iii) recovered grade, size distribution and quality of diamonds, average ore recovery, carats recovered, carats sold, internal dilution, mining dilution and other mining parameters set out in the 2016 Technical Report as well as levels of diamond breakage; (iv) the expected mix of diamonds sold, and successful mitigation of ongoing issues of diamond breakage in the Renard Diamond Mine process plant and realization of the anticipated benefits from plant modification measures within the anticipated timeframe and expected capital cost; (v) the stabilization of the Indian currency market and full recovery of prices; (vi) receipt of regulatory approvals on acceptable terms within commonly experienced time frames and absence of adverse regulatory developments; (vii) anticipated timelines for the development of an open pit and underground mine at the Renard Diamond Mine; (viii) anticipated geological formations; (ix) continued market acceptance of the Renard diamond production, conservative forecasting of future market prices for rough diamonds and impact of the foregoing on various Renard financial metrics and diamond production; (x) the timeline, progress and costs of future exploration, development, production and mining activities, plans, commitments and objectives; (xi) the availability of existing credit facilities and any required future financing on favorable terms and the satisfaction of all covenants and conditions precedent relating to future funding commitments; (xii) the ability to meet Subject Diamonds Interest delivery obligations under the Purchase and Sale Agreement; (xiii) Stornoway's interpretation of the geological drill data collected and its potential impact on stated Mineral Resources and mine life; (xiv) the continued strength of the US dollar against the Canadian dollar and absence of significant variability in interest rates; (xv) improvement of long-term diamond industry fundamentals and absence of material deterioration in general business and economic conditions; and absence of significant variability in interest rates; (xvi) increasing carat recoveries with progressively increasing grade in LOM plan; (xvii) estimated incremental ore recovery, revenue and other mining parameters from potential additional mine life extension with minimal capital expenditures; (xviii) availability of skilled employees and maintenance of key relationships with financing partners, local communities and other stakeholders; (xix) long-term positive demand trends and rough diamond demand meaningfully exceeding supply; (xx) high depletion rates from existing diamond mines; (xxi) global rough diamond production remaining stable; (xxii) modest capital requirements post-2018 with significant resource expansion available at marginal cost; (xxiii) substantial resource upside within scope of mine plan; (xxiv) opportunities for high grade ore acceleration and processing expansion and realization of anticipated benefits therefrom; (xxv) significant potential upside from targets identified for further exploration; and (xxvi) limited cash income taxes payable over the medium term.
By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, and risks exist that estimates, forecasts, projections and other forward-looking statements will not be achieved or that assumptions do not reflect future experience. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on these forward- looking statements as a number of important risk factors could cause the actual outcomes to differ materially from the beliefs, plans, objectives, expectations, anticipations, estimates, assumptions and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. These risk factors may be generally stated as the risk that the assumptions and estimates expressed above do not occur, including the assumption in many forward-looking statements that other forward-looking statements will be correct, but specifically include, without limitation: (i) risks relating to variations in the grade, size distribution and quality of diamonds, kimberlite lithologies and country rock content within the material identified as Mineral Resources from that predicted; (ii) variations in rates of recovery and levels of diamond breakage; (iii) the uncertainty as to whether further exploration of exploration targets will result in the targets being delineated as Mineral Resources; (iv) risks associated with our dependence on the Renard Diamond Mine and the limited operating history thereof; (v) unfavorable developments in general economic conditions and in world diamond markets; (vi) variations in diamond valuations and fluctuations in diamond prices from those assumed; (vii) insufficient demand and market acceptance of our diamonds; (viii) risks associated with the production and increased consumer demand for synthetic gem-quality diamonds; (ix) risks relating to fluctuations in the Canadian dollar and other currencies relative to the US dollar and variability in interest rates; (x) inaccuracy of our estimates regarding future financing and capital requirements and expenditures, significant additional future capital needs and unavailability of additional financing and capital, on reasonable terms, or at all; (xi) uncertainties related to forecasts, costs and timing of the Corporation's future development plans, exploration, processing, production and mining activities; (xii) increases in the costs of proposed capital, operating and sustainable capital expenditures; (xiii) increases in financing costs or adverse changes to the terms of available financing, if any; (xiv) tax rates or royalties being greater than assumed; (xv) uncertainty of mine life extension potential and results of exploration in areas of potential expansion of resources; (xvi) changes in development or mining plans due to changes in other factors or exploration results; (xvii) risks relating to the receipt of regulatory approvals or the implementation of the existing Impact and Benefits Agreement with aboriginal communities; (xviii) the failure to secure and maintain skilled employees and maintain key relationships with financing partners, local communities and other stakeholders; (xix) risks associated with ongoing issues of diamond breakage in the Renard Diamond Mine process plant and the failure to realize the anticipated benefits from plant modification measures within the anticipated timeframe and expected capital cost, or at all; (xx) the negative market effects of recent Indian demonetization and continued impact on pricing and demand; (xxi) the effects of competition in the markets in which Stornoway operates; (xxii) operational and infrastructure risks; (xxiii) execution risk relating to the development of an operating mine at the Renard Diamond Mine; (xxiv) the Corporation being unable to meet its Subject Diamonds Interest delivery obligations under the Purchase and Sale Agreement; (xxv) future sales or issuances of Common Shares lowering the Common Share price and diluting the interest of existing shareholders; (xxvi) the risk of failure of information systems; (xxvii) the risk that our insurance does not cover all potential risks; (xxviii) the risks associated with our substantial indebtedness and the failure to meet our debt service obligations; and (xxix) the additional risk factors described herein and in Stornoway's annual and interim MD&A, its other disclosure documents and Stornoway's anticipation of and success in managing the foregoing risks. Stornoway cautions that the foregoing list of factors that may affect future results is not exhaustive and new, unforeseeable risks may arise from time to time.
1 Before stream and royalty.
2 Based on an average $: US$ conversion rate of $1.30
3 Based on an average $: US$ conversion rate of $1.26
4 Based on an average $: US$ conversion rate of $1.33
5 See "Non-IFRS Financial Measures" section
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Bituminous Surface Mine Permits
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
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A layer containing the permit boundaries of Bituminous Coal Surface Mines. Data was converted over from the physical "Mylar Review" system for surface mine permit location look-ups. The physical topographic maps and mylar overlays have been scanned, georeferenced, and vectorized to create the permit boundary polygon layers with an index number attribute. The corresponding index cards have been data entered in a spreadsheet. The polygon layers' attribute tables were joined with the spreadsheet. More recent surface mine permit boundaries and attributes were digitized directly as shapefiles. This layer represents a combination of various surface mine permit tracking systems. All future surface mine permit boundaries will be updated here, as the mylar system is phased out.


Having established ourselves firmly in a highly competitive earthworks and construction market in Singapore, we entered the coal business in Kalimantan, Indonesia in 2005 under PT. KTC Coal Mining & Energy as a diversification strategy and in anticipation of the growing market demand for energy and natural resources.
Our vast experience in the earthwork and construction work in Singapore complemented and strengthened our knowledge and capability when it comes to managing open-pit coal mining in Indonesia. Guided by our 7 Core Values (Safety, Professionalism, People – Centric, Ownership, Teamwork, Integrity and Quality), we successfully established ourselves as a reputable and reliable one-stop services provider in the management and development of natural resources concession.
We provide services with organized and well-built resources that include a group of competent management and operation professionals, an in-house design and planning team, a dedicated geologist team, self-owned coal testing laboratories, heavy construction machineries, articulated trucks and jetty facilities for barging services.
We operate our mining business with great responsibility to the environment, where we are committed to extend continuing sustainability effort to rehabilitate and reinstate greenery back to the barren land.
We keep looking forward to expand to other natural resources business such as nickel, which we foresee will be of significant potential and demand globally. We are confident our vision, effort and commitment will continually and significantly contribute to our growth.


ABB LM80 laser level gauge avoids overloading and jams of ore crusher jaws at new Totten nickel mine.
By installing ABB’s LM80 laser level gauges, the Totten underground mine has stopped worrying about jamming, or overloading the crusher system. As the system is automated, the crusher no longer requires an operator to be present at the controls, all monitored from the operator room including ABB 800xA control system with Extended Operator Workplace (EOW).
We asked Mr Paul Horlings, Automation Specialist, Vale Totten mine and Mr Ron Legault, Operator Room Supervisor, Vale Totten mine: What are the main benefits of ABB’s LM80 laser gauges installed in the crusher and the ABB control system 800xA? “Vale Totten mine is an ABB mine and the 800xA Control System is keeping all ABB products together. We process 300 tons of ore per hour in Totten mine and ABB LM80 laser level gauges, installed on crusher jaws, is optimizing the performance in the crusher.”
“The opening where the ore is falling down is approximately 3x3 feet and if we don’t have ABB laser level gauges the ore will get stuck and jam up. The level gauge maintains an even level from feeder to crusher and the crusher does not get overloaded with ore.”
“Previously we had a case where it took 9 hours to unclog the ore that was stuck in the crusher. Now, after installation of ABB LM80 laser level gauge and update of automation software, we don’t have any more clogging problems. It frees up an operator for other activities.”
Read the complete article here: Link to PDF
or Learn more about ABB Level Measurement Products by visiting here


Mercury speciation and mobility in mine wastes from mercury mines in China
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, China
Mine wastes calcines were formed through retorting of cinnabar ores at high temperature, which are considered as significant sources of mercury (Hg) contamination to the local environment. To better understand the role of mine waste in Hg geochemical cycle in Hg mining areas, Hg speciation and mobility were evaluated in mine waste calcines and waste rocks from 9 Hg mines in China. The total mercury (THg) concentrations in the mine wastes ranged from 0.369 to 2620 mg·kg-1 and varied widely in different Hg mines. Cinnabar and Hg0 are dominant forms in the mine wastes. The calcines had significant higher Hg2+ and Hg0 concentrations than the waste rocks, which indicated the retorting process can produce large amounts of secondary by-product Hg compounds. The leaching experiment confirmed mine wastes were important Hg pollution sources to local aquatic system. The mine wastes are also significant Hg sources to the atmosphere.
Key words: mercury / speciation / mobility / mine waste / calcines
© Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2013
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


History / Exploration
The La Venturosa silver mine was the site of underground mining operations for silver, lead and zinc from 1929–1936, 1948–1955 and 1990-2002. Mining was on a very small scale in the 1929-1936 period. More extensive mining took place in the latter two periods when both oxide and sulphide resources were exploited. Historically the mine produced 14.37moz silver, 32,550t lead (produced from 1.16mt mined oxide/sulphide material) and 43,530t zinc (from just sulphide material).
Mining has taken place over a strike length of just 1,250m and to a depth of only 250m (in places) and generally down to 100m. Mining ceased in 2002 due to flooding and low metal prices.
La Venturosa silver mine’s Princessa Shaft head frame and ore bin
The Company has control over the mineralized trend to the north and south of the old La Venturosa silver mine, where only reconnaissance exploration has previously been undertaken.
In 2010 an initial investigative geological program was undertaken as part of the due diligence process for the project acquisition. Large amounts of data on the historic workings were recovered, digitized, assessed and imported into 3D software to create models and long sections. The Company capitalized on the historical information available to jump start an aggressive exploration. Geophysics, consisting of ground magnetic and induced polarization, followed. These programs identified several high priority drill targets flagged along the mineralized trend to north and south of the La Venturosa silver mine. These included areas where mining is reported to depths of 100m and along strike in both directions from the existing mine workings.
Phase 1 diamond drilling was undertaken from May 2011 to June 2012. A total of 86 diamond holes for a total of 31,125 meters was drilled to delineate the deposit. The drilling confirmed the system consists of multiple veins including the Princesa, America, Esmeralda, Mexico, Megan, Antenna and NW Antenna. Assays have returned high values of silver, lead and zinc.


About The Process
An iron ore mining company operated an iron ore mine and pelletizing plant adjacent to the tailing ponds that Saucon Minerals has leased from the State of Michigan. Rocks rich in iron ore were crushed and ground to a fine powder to separate the iron ore from other compounds.
Since the material was so fine, it had to be hydrated in order to process it through magnetic separators forming a concentrated material. The material that did not meet specification was discarded by pumping it into large contained open areas called tailing ponds. The tailings were very high in silica but also contained residual amounts of iron and other valuable minerals. The mine was shut down in 1988 and the mining company abandoned the tailing ponds leaving a large area where hardly any vegetation could grow, a veritable “industrial wasteland”.
Saucon Minerals’ extraction process entails grinding the tailings to achieve proper sizing. The material is then processed through a series of magnetic separators yielding two distinct products, magnetite iron ore concentrate and an organic fertilizer / soil amendment product containing valuable micronutrients that are essential for healthy plant growth.
After the tailings are processed into iron ore concentrate and organic fertilizer, the remaining material will be discharged back into the tailing basins. Since most of the metallic elements will have been removed from the material, the material will possess the characteristics needed to promote plant growth. The company intends to plant alfalfa, wild flowers and tree seedlings in the restored tailing basins thereby completing the transformation process.


Substantial Growth Potential
Point Resources currently holds a total of 47 licenses:
- North Sea: 27
- Norwegian Sea: 13
- Barents Sea: 7
Point Resources’ portfolio includes three producing fields:
The Company also has an interest in the Hyme field which was shut down in June 2016 as a consequence of the re-modification and repair of the Njord A platform. Production from Hyme is expected to resume in 2020.
In 2016 the combined average production from these fields, net to Point Resources, was 6,400 boe/day.
Point Resources has interests in several discoveries made on the NCS in recent years:
- Garantiana (discovered in 2012)
- Bauge (discovered in 2013)
- Pil & Bue (discovered in 2014)
- Brasse (discovered in 2016)
The discoveries are at various stages in the planning process and are expected to be in production within 3 to 4 years.
The Company’s reserves and contingent resources amount to 158 mmboe with prospective resources of 175 mmboe.


SCM Ultrafine Mill
For almost 30 years, Artom has being specializing in all facets of grinding mill design and maintenance. SCM series ultrafine mill is specially designed for super fine powder grinding. Now it’s growing more and more popular with its reliable technology and perfect after-sale services.
- High Output and low energy consumption
- High fineness and flexible adjustment
- Safe and Reliable
- Clean and environmental friendly
SCM Super-micro mill is mainly used to produce fine powder and super fine powder. It is applicable to non-flammable and non-explosive materials with hardness less than 6, such as calcite, chalk, limestone, dolomite, kaolin, bentonite, talcum, talc, magnesite, illite, pyrophyllite, vermiculite, sepiolite, etc.


Mineral Resources listed on the ASX in 2006 following the merger of three mining services businesses. The subsidiary companies were previously owned by managing director Chris Ellison, who remains a large shareholder despite selling down. Operations include iron ore and lithium mining, iron ore crushing and screening services for third parties, and engineering and construction for mining companies. Mining and contracting activity is focused in Western Australia.
- Company Name: Mineral Resources Ltd.
- Country/Region: Australia
- ISIN: AU000000MIN4
- Listing Date:
- Industry: Materials / Metals & Mining / Stocks
- Useful Links: History | News | Dividends | Earnings | Forecast


Mr. John Leliever
Founder & Consultant
Mr. Leliever is the founder of Signature Resources and is a third generation “Prospector” mineral explorationist with over 40 years’ experience in the industry. In the past, he has worked in the remote wilderness of Canada servicing the industry through his contracting companies specializing in surface exploration development to include owning and operating diamond drill rigs. For the last 12-years he has been directly involved in corporate development of exploration stage private and public companies. Mr. Leliever has been responsible for discoveries resulting in significant property acquisitions, including involvement in the now famous Cote Lake acquired by IAMGOLD and Trelawney Mining in consolidating a portion of the lands and NSR’s. Mr. Leliever’s extensive knowledge of the exploration logistics and planning, particularly with remote locations and his corporate background have been the key to his success.
Dr. Scott Jobin-Bevans, PhD, P. Geo
Dr. Scott has more than 25 years in worldwide mineral exploration and has public company experience as a director, officer and technical advisor. Scott is currently Co-Founder, Chairman and CEO of Caracle Creek International Consulting. He has expertise in project evaluation and in leading multi-million dollar projects from generative stage through advanced exploration and into development. Dr. Jobin-Bevans is an advisor and member of the board of directors for a number of public and private companies and held the volunteer position of President (2010-2012) of the Prospectors and Developers Association of Canada.


What You Should Know About Resources This Year
For ease and convenience in mining operations, it is essential that the right mining equipment is used. There has to be great care when buying these mining equipment because they are the backbone of the mining company. Mining equipment come in different kinds with varying uses and purposes so that the job can be completed in the shortest amount of time. Certain equipment can help increase your company’s productivity, so you should not have second thoughts about buying these important equipment.
There are five major segments in the mining industry namely, coal mining, gas and oil extracting, metal ore mining, non-metal mining, and supporting activities. You must determine the kind of equipment your business requires. These equipment do not only improve the operation flow, it also increases the level of safety of the workers in the area. This responsibility to look after the equipment needs of the company falls on the shoulders of the business owner.
An important engineering vehicle is an excavator or a 360 degree excavator or track hoes. This has a long arm called stick or broom and a cab located at the top of the undercarriage equipped with tracks.
You can choose from many different sizes of heavy equipment Comparing sizes, the smallest excavator weight about 1420 kilos while the larger one weighs 84, 890 kg. Determine the size that is suitable for your business.
The excavator has a powered hydraulic system and this is why the equipment is very versatile. Its versatility makes it able to adapt to many uses. You can attach a vibratory pile hammer to use it for installing sheet piles. Excavators are also helpful in sorting out metals in scarp yards. This can easily be done if electromagnets are attached to it.
If you are going to use an excavator for demolition work, you can attach a hydraulic rock breaker to it. This equipment can be used in quarries for breaking concrete. You can also attach a grabber to make it remove broken rocks. The versatility and flexibility of an excavator makes it a really good investment.
The wheelloader is also a very useful mining equipment. Other names for this equipment is front loader, front-end loader, scoop loader, ski loader, and bucket loader. This is a four wheeled tractor that has a large bucket mounted on the front for scooping materials.
The heights, bucket capacities, and dump reaches vary for these loaders. This equipment’s purpose is to move mounds of earth from one place to another. Other uses of loaders is for cleaning debris or level ground of a construction or mining site. Removing dirt, building materials, and bricks is another use of loaders.
There are more uses for loaders with removable buckets; you can replace it with other tools like forks, and lifts.


By Matt Craze and Nathan Gill
Oct. 26 (Bloomberg) — BHP Billiton Ltd. workers at the company’s Spence copper mine in Chile broke off wage talks with management, according to a union official.
Workers at the mine, who began the 14th day of a strike today, will stage protests after government-mediated talks failed, union President Andres Ramirez said, without revealing the location of the event.
The wage offer from BHP, the world’s largest mining company, made in an Oct. 23 meeting was insufficient, Ramirez said in a telephone interview. Talks broke down over the weekend, he said, without providing further information.
Workers are demanding a 5 percent pay increase and benefits similar to those offered to workers at BHP’s Escondida, the world’s largest copper mine, said Pedro Marin, president of Chile’s Mining Federation. Strikers may disrupt Spence mine operations by blocking roads to halt copper shipments if the company doesn’t listen to workers’ demands, he said.
“This week is crucial,” said Marin, who represents about 8,500 unionized miners in Chile, in a telephone interview. “We hope that negotiations advance.”
BHP spokesman Peter Ogden declined to comment on the talks when contacted today in Melbourne.
BHP prepared by stockpiling raw materials before the strike, Marin said. The company has about 10 days left before that material runs out and machinery at the 200,000- ton-a-year mine suffers damage, he said.
“The cost of repairing the machinery would be much higher than what the workers are asking for,” Marin said.
Santiago-based newspaper La Tercera reported Oct. 11 that Escondida workers were offered a one-time bonus of 14 million pesos ($25,234), without saying where it got the information.


The way it was: Union Carbide -- 1976Jun 17, 2012 Staff
A generation ago, Fremont County's economy had an industrial flavor far stronger than exists today. A half dozen uranium mines teemed with workers and huge machines. An iron ore mine employed hundreds in the mountains near South Pass, with a full-blown railroad snaking through the trees to reach it.
In 1975, one of the busy employers locally was the Union Carbide uranium mining operation in the Gas Hills east of Riverton, with 165 full-time workers on the job -- heavy equipment operators, surveyors and engineers, soil and water scientists, office personnel and support staff.
Central to the operation was the big open-put uranium mine in the remote hinterlands about 50 miles from any permanently populated area. Carbide, active since the 1950s at the site, was an early mining reclamation leader as well, blending disturbed "overburden" into contours complementary to the surrounding landscape and re-seeding with native plants.
Photo: General superintendent Jim Massey (with glasses) and mine foreman Clyde Fabrizius at the rim of the Union Carbide uranium mine, pictured on June 20, 1975. File photo


Central Institute of mining and fuel research (CIMFR) vacancy details:
Organization name: Central Institute of mining and fuel research (CIMFR)
Project Assistant Jobs CIMFR 2019/2019 www.cmriindia.nic.in
Job location: Dhanbad, Jharkhand
Total number of posts: 05 posts
Name of the post:
- Project Assistant level-I-02
- Project Assistant level-II-03
Candidate must be a diploma in mining engineering (three-year period) or in physics. SC/chemistry/mathematics at least 50% marks with. SC/ST candidates for the post of project Assistant level 5% of these norms will be loosely-I BE/b.tech. in mining engineering or at least 55% marks in Chemistry/Physics/Geology with m.sc. Project Assistant level II a recognized University or Institute by 5% for SC/ST candidates case These criteria will rest.
Project Assistant level-I-Rs.9, 000/-P.M.
Project Assistant level-II-Rs.13, 000/-P.M.
No application fee is required for the above positions. candidate application fee to pay.
Interviewed candidates will be selected based on their performance.
How to apply:
Interest may be eligible candidates-running interview & 09 10,
2019/2020. At the CSIR-Central Mining and fuel Research Institute, (Scientific Council of & industrial research) Barwa Road campus, Dhanbad-826015 will be held.
To submit the final application date: 09-05-


Humans are more dependent than ever on a metal we’ve been using for 10,000 years. We’re running out of new sources, and breakthrough technologies that have changed the way we use other goods haven’t happened for copper.
Up till now
A US startup says it has solved a puzzle that has been puzzling the mining world for decades. If true, this could change the way the world gets its supplies.
If it works, Jetti Resources’ discovery could lead to millions of tons of new copper that could be used in power grids, construction sites, and car fleets all over the world. This would help narrow or even close the deficit.
Jetti’s technology is based on a common type of ore that holds copper behind a thin film, making it too expensive and hard to get out. Because of this, over the years, huge amounts of metal have been left behind in mine waste piles on the surface and in untapped deposits. Jetti has created a special catalyst that breaks up the layer and allows microbes that eat rocks to get to work on freeing the copper.
Large-scale testing of the technology is still needed. But the money at stake is bringing in some of the most powerful people in the business.
Sources say that the biggest mining company, BHP Group, is already an investor and has spent months negotiating for a trial plant at Escondida, Chile’s crown jewel copper mine.
This year, Freeport-McMoRan Inc., a US mining company, started using Jetti’s technology at a mine in Arizona. At the same time, Rio Tinto Group, another US mining company, plans to roll out a similar but different process.
The miners are trying to solve a problem that is getting worse and worse. Copper is used everywhere in the modern world, from water pipes and cables to phones and computers. And while the global push to reduce carbon emissions is based on getting rid of dirty natural resources like oil and coal, an electrified future will need more copper than ever before.
Even though it is important, the world will likely run out of it in the coming decades. The best mines are getting old, and the few new ones that have been found are either in places that are hard to work in or face years of opposition.
The history of commodity markets shows that shortages lead to new discoveries and technologies. The US shale boom in the 2010s turned the oil market on its head, while breakthroughs in nickel processing upended supply forecasts.
But it’s getting harder to find new copper deposits because mining has been going on for so long. Copper has been used since at least 8,000 BC in what is now Turkey and Iraq. That means that most of the world’s big deposits have already been found and used. More than half of the world’s 20 biggest copper mines were found more than a century ago.
But because copper has been mined for a long time, there are also huge amounts of metal sitting on the ground in waste dumps.
The reason for this is a rule that has been around since the beginning of mining: the ore is dug up from the ground, the easiest metal is taken out, and anything that is too hard or expensive to process is thrown away as waste.
Only in the last ten years have about 43 million tonnes of copper been mined but never processed. At current prices, that copper is worth more than US$2 trillion (RM9 trillion), so anyone who can figure out how to get it back has a huge chance of making a lot of money.
Reprocessing mine waste when technology gets better or prices go up is not a new idea. But for some types of ore, that hasn’t been possible. And the discovery could be used for a lot more than just waste dumps. There are still millions of tons of waste underground that couldn’t be mined before.
Much depends on whether or not mining companies are willing to put Jetti’s plants in their mines. But if the industry fully adopts the technology, the company thinks that up to eight million tonnes of extra copper could be made each year by the 2040s. That’s more than a third of the total amount of copper mined around the world last year.
“The industry has accumulated this waste material forever,” said Jetti’s founder and chief executive officer Mike Outwin.
“They’ve been trying to figure it out on their own for about 20 years but haven’t been able to.”
So far, only one mine, Pinto Valley in Arizona, has used Jetti’s method. But the results have been so good that three of the biggest copper mining companies in the world, including BHP, have bought shares in the company. The last time it raised money, it was worth US$2.5 billion (RM11.2 billion).


Flying Cement Company Limited (FLYING) has notified that it has received a long-term mining lease by the Directorate General of Mines & Minerals (Punjab) for limestone extraction over an additional area of 1,765 acres of land situated near to its factory site, in Dhok Meharwal in District Khushab, Punjab.
This is expected to to bring value addition for the company and will lead to considerable cost savings.
After the said approval, Flying Cement will be able grow its business operations in the near future which will result in better profitability and add significant value to the shareholders’ equity.
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Tasman Resources - Successful Diversified Mineral ExplorerTasman Resources is a Perth based Australian exploration company, focussing on exploration projects with potential tohost major mineral deposits in a wide.mining resources diversified,Diversified Resources Inc.A Colorado-based energy company active in Rocky Mountain oil and gas exploration and production.mining resources diversified,Teck ResourcesTeck is Canada's largest diversified mining company and is committed to responsible development. It has major business units focused on copper, metallurgical.
List of Publicly Traded Diversified Mining Companies Listed on Major U.S. . Teck Resources Ltd. (TECK) (Canada – Copper, Metallurgic Coal and Zinc).
Tasman Resources is a Perth based Australian exploration company, focussing on exploration projects with potential tohost major mineral deposits in a wide.
Jul 29, 1999 . former shareholders in this company may have unclaimed money arising from the compulsory acquisition of their shares - deListed provides a.
Detailed news coverage on Diversified Miners. . Photo by Creamer Media Department of Mineral Resources chief inspector of mines Mthokozisi Zondi.
Teck is Canada's largest diversified mining company and is committed to responsible development. It has major business units focused on copper, metallurgical.
As an ASX 200 and perennial high performing company, Mineral Resources . and delivery of diversified mining services, minerals processing underpinned by.
Dec 31, 2008 . Africa's resource boom offers the hope of economic growth to many . In Africa, countries dependent on oil, gas, and mining have tended to.
Feb 23, 2016 . Previously single line companies such as Vale tried to diversify, in its . we would see resource nationalism lead to states taking over minerals,.
Dec 15, 2015 . In less than 10 years since Chinese authorities called for mineral resources diversification globally, the number of major mining/mineral.
Vedanta Resources plc is a global diversified metals and mining company with its headquarters in London, United Kingdom. It is the largest mining and.
The MRE prepares you for your career in the field of mineral resources. . You can benefit from our know-how and our diversified research infrastructure.
Montezuma Mining Company Ltd | Diversified Global Mineral Exploration . a JORC Mineral Resource Estimate of extensive, near surface lateritic cobalt.
Apr 17, 2014 . A diversified equity natural-resources fund may seem like an . metals and mining, and chemical companies) with perhaps some REITs and.
May 4, 2010 . Highlands Pacific Limited (“Highlands” or “the Company”) is a Papua. New Guinea (PNG) based diversified mineral resource company. Its.
Mar 31, 2017 . In less than 10 years since Chinese authorities called for mineral resources diversification globally, the number of major mining/mineral.
Nov 4, 2014 . Dependence on Exports of Mineral Fuels and Total Exports in GCC . Diversification for resource-rich economies is inevitable to reduce risks.
Alpha Natural Resources "Market Cap $1.91 B As of May 2013 At a Glance Industry: Diversified Metals & Mining Founded: 2002 Country: United States CEO:.
Metals & Mining ETFs invest in stocks of companies that derive a majority of revenue from mining various natural resources, such as iron, coal, gold, and silver.
Exxaro is one of the largest and foremost black-empowered, South African-based diversified resources companies, with current business interests in South.
linkages;. • A mining sector that optimises and husbands Africa's finite mineral resource endowments and that is diversified, incorporating both high value metals.
Morien Resources March 2017 Presentation Subscriber Investment Summit . to Morien on a quarterly basis over the anticipated 30 plus year mine life.


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The boss of a mining company, which runs a gold mine where nine miners are missing after a massive landslide, has been detained by authorities in Turkey.
Cengiz Demirci, Turkey director and senior vice-president of operations at the Denver-based SSR Mining, was detained on Sunday morning.
Hundreds of rescue workers are searching for those trapped under rubble after Tuesday’s disaster at Anagold Madencilik’s Copler mine in the town of Ilic, in the mountainous Erzincan province in northeast Turkey.
SSR Mining is the parent company of Anagold, which has operated the mine since 2009, where more than 650 people work.
The workers have been missing for six days after the huge landslide which, according to Turkey’s interior minister, Ali Yerlikaya, involved a mound of soil extracted from the mine.
Footage showed a huge mass of earth rushing down a gully, overrunning everything in its path.
Experts have warned the site is a potential environmental hazard, because the soil was laced with dangerous substances, including cyanide, used in gold extraction.
They have said it may affect the nearby Euphrates River, which stretches across Turkey, Syria and Iraq.
Turkey’s environment ministry closed down a stream leading to the river to prevent water pollution.
Six Copler mine employees – out of eight detained earlier this week – have been formally arrested.
On Saturday, Turkey’s environment ministry said it was cancelling Anagold’s environmental permit and licence.
In 2020, the same mine was shut down following a cyanide leak into the Euphrates, roughly two miles away.
It reopened two years later after the company was fined and a clean-up operation was completed.
Shares in SSR Mining plunged more than 50% after Tuesday’s catastrophe.
In 2022, an explosion at the Amasra coal mine on Turkey’s Black Sea coast killed 41 workers.


Mining in pa
Active Mines. Active mines also use explosives to loosen the ground and remove minerals. Miners are trained to be safe around explosives and to stay away from areas where blasting will take place. If you are in the wrong place when blasting occurs, you could be killed or injured by flying rocks. About Joy Mining Machinery: Established in 1990, Joy Mining Machinery is located at 120 Liberty St in Franklin, PA - Venango County and is a business listed in the categories Mining Equipment, Mining Machinery Equipment Manufacturers, Mining Machinery And Equipment Manufacturing, Mining Equipment & Supplies, Mining Machinery And Equipment, Except Oil And Gas Field Machinery And Equipment and ... Recent (2002) condition of the Wilpen mining camp, near Ligonier, PA. The patch housed the workers of Shenango Furnace Company's drift mouth mine and coke ovens, which were of the rectangular design. The Baton Coal Co. was the final owner of the Wilpen mine and coke yard, and they closed the operation in 1951. (Jul. 2002 image by author) Cloud mining has therefore appeared. Initially, you had to be able to set up a server by yourself, at How to mine in the cloud ? As you will have understood, we can "mine" the bitcoin, but also other...Oct 12, 2020 · State Rep. Tim O’Neal holds an 11 a.m. golf outing at Valley Brook Country Club in lovely Canonsburg, Pa. Admission runs from a merely ridiculous $500 all the way up to a truly offensive $10,000, dependent, as ever, on the intensity of your desire to bask in his reflected glow. Potter County in North Central Pennsylvania is untamed, untouched, and unspoiled. Camp under the darkest skies on the East Coast. The Allegheny River is host to many river sports such as river tubing, fly fishing, and stocked river fishing. Take a drive on Historic Route 6 and visit “Pennsylvania’s Grand Canyon.” Free Bitcoin Mining is a smart blockchain based Free Mining Pool for free cloud mining. Our highly secure mining clouds and mining pools can help miners to generate new bitcoin without investing...© Halong Mining 2017-2018. My Account. Search.Ecton Mine, Perkiomen Mines, Audubon, Lower Providence Township, Montgomery Co., Pennsylvania, USA : A former Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag occurrence/mine located about ½ mile S of the Perkiomen Copper Mine. Both mines work the same vein which was lead-zinc rich at the south end (Ecton Mine) and copper rich at the ... Jul 01, 2020 · This mine has more water and forms ice in the spring that will melt in the fall. To get to the Coudersport Ice Mine take Route 6 to Route 44 in Potter County. Turn right onto Ice Mine Road. When coal was king, its castle was the breaker — an imposing fortress that crushed, washed and sized billions of tons of Pennsylvania anthracite for use in factories, foundries and homes up and down the East Coast. Nearly 300 breakers loomed over the coal patchs more than a century ago, playing a key role in the nation’s rapid economic expansion and symbolizing the might of an industry that drew hordes of European immigrants who toiled, and often died, underground. Nov 19, 2020 · Western Pennsylvania's Streams. WPCAMR works with watershed volunteers, technical remediation experts, and government agencies to reclaim lands and streams polluted by historic coal mining in Western Pennsylvania. A coalition of 24 county conservation districts, WPCAMR's efforts expand into areas where reclamation is limited, showing local ... About Joy Mining Machinery: Joy Mining Machinery - Customer Training is located at 120 Liberty St in Franklin, PA - Venango County and is a business listed in the categories Mining Equipment, Mining Machinery Equipment Manufacturers, Mining Machinery And Equipment Manufacturing, Mining Equipment & Supplies, Mining Machinery And Equipment, Except Oil And Gas Field Machinery And Equipment and ... Description. Mayberry Sand & Gravel can be found at 5324 Pa-18 . The following is offered: Mineral & Mining Industries - In New Castle there are 5 other Mineral & Mining Industries. Jun 08, 2017 · A new coal mine that President Donald Trump mentioned in announcing plans to pull the U.S. out of the Paris climate accord has officially opened in Pennsylvania. Photo shows Rob Bottegal, head... You can't just head outside, poke around some rocks and hope to find specific types of gems and crystals. Compare gem hunting to bird watching -- if you want to spot a certain species of bird, you wouldn't aimlessly wander around a forest. Dec 29, 2020 · The giant fund manager Fidelity International holds roughly 10.6% stake in the bitcoin mining company Hut 8. For six years now, Fidelity, the firm that currently manages $8 trillion on behalf of ... The CMCRB has jurisdiction over coal mine employers and operations in PA while the PCRB has jurisdiction over all other employments in PA. The CMCRB has been a separate licensed rating organization in PA since 1954. Pennsylvania’s rich coal mining history dates back centuries to the late 1700s and boomed between 1870 and 1930. After the boom, the industry began a steady decline that continues to the present day. In fact, between September 2014 and April 2016, the industry as a whole in the U.S. lost an estimated 191,000 jobs.
The Coal strike of 1902 (also known as the anthracite coal strike) was a strike by the United Mine Workers of America in the anthracite coalfields of eastern Pennsylvania. Miners striked for higher wages, shorter workdays, and the recognition of their union .
Search Mine engineer jobs in Seven Fields, PA with company ratings & salaries. 76 open jobs for Mine engineer in Seven Fields.
In 1700 the deepest mines were already about 300 feet. By the 1750s they reached 600 feet. By the 1820s some pits reached nearly 900 feet underground. Table 2 shows the distribution of mine depths on the Tyne in 1828. Two thirds of the mines then were below the 300 foot maximum of 1700, one third below the maximum of 600 feet in the 1750s.
of the PA-WV border near Mt. Morris. These mines were currently involved in water diversion between mines, intended to route mine water to new and existing large treatment plants in the basin. Deeper mines farther downdip are either active operations (Loveridge, Blacksville #2,
Surface Mining. The majority of surface mining equipment in the world comes from one manufacturer: Caterpillar. And for good reason. Cat® equipment is designed to lower cost per ton by providing productive and reliable performance no matter the application.
Jan 27, 2018 · A proposed coal mine is moving forward in southwestern Pennsylvania after its operator reached a settlement with an environmental group. The Mountain Watershed Association raised concerns that LCT...
Situs mining Bitcoin gratis yang satu ini adalah salah satu yang tertua dalam daftar ini, tetapi masih legit, terkenal dan yang terpenting adalah membayar. Eobot dibangun pada tahun 2013 dan berbasis...
They work you 6-7 days a week. Instead of laying guys off they will transfer you to another mine, so that's good. But the hard working guys get over looked and the lazy people get praised. The weekend schedule doesn't come out until Thursday afternoon. Which makes it hard to plan anything with your friends/family.
Oct 28, 2020 · The Mine Safety and Health Administration, Department of Environmental Protection, Pennsylvania Bureau of Mine Safety and Life Team EMS all assisted in the rescue and investigation. Trusted online bitcoin cloud mining company. Safe & transparent bitcoin cloud miner pool 2020. Easy way to mine free bitcoins - no fees, daily withdrawal, fast & secure mining.The West Virginia Office of Miners’ Health Safety and Training offers a number of multimedia training materials on a variety of mining related subjects. Learn More 304-558-1425 West Virginia Department of Commerce Ed Gaunch, Secretary Eugene White, Director Johnny Kinder, Deputy Director Surface Mining. The majority of surface mining equipment in the world comes from one manufacturer: Caterpillar. And for good reason. Cat® equipment is designed to lower cost per ton by providing productive and reliable performance no matter the application.


THE United States is at a crossroads over the production and use of rare earth elements (REE).
The 17 minerals, essential for products and processes from cruise missiles to smartphones, are widely used in the US defence industry, but this represents only a fraction of their overall consumption in America.
The defence sector is not facing any shortages, but the US manufacturing supply chain has increasingly been seen as vulnerable to disruptions caused by a lack of domestic resources.
American experts have warned that ‘the US has gone from the world’s top producer and supplier of rare earths to being completely dependent on one country – China – for its supply’.
China controls world REE supply, accounting for about 95 per cent of output.
A US government report warned in April 2010 that despite having one-fifth of the world’s known commercially available rare earths reserves, it could take the nation 15 years to break its dependence on Chinese REE supplies because of the lack of either expertise to turn the elements into metals and alloys, or a supply chain that connects the production with the end use of those products.
The imminent re-opening of Mountain Pass, the California mine owned by Molycorp, the largest producer of REE outside China, may not necessarily mean that the full supply chain will be in place.
The supplies of the middle and heavy rare earths dysprosium, terbium, neodymium, europium and yttrium, coming almost exclusively from Chinese mines, have been seen as critical in particular because they are absolutely important to the manufacture of small powerful electric motors, energy-efficient compact fluorescent bulbs and other clean energy technologies.
These Chinese ‘technology minerals’ may have profound implications for US national security, even though the Pentagon only uses five per cent of the world’s REE supply.
From the mid-1960s to the early 1980s, 70 per cent of the world’s rare earths supply came from Mountain Pass, south of Las Vegas. In the mid-1980s, it guaranteed 100 per cent of the US demand and simultaneously supplied 40 per cent of universal demand.
With significant increases in the production in the late 1970s, China’s growing rare earths exports caused a price depression that forced many existing US mines to close.
By 2003, Mountain Pass had shut, leaving no production capacity in the US, although it still has plenty of rare earth elements left to mine.
Molycorp is restarting the mine and expanding its capacity of light rare earths. It plans to become a ‘mine-to-magnets’ producer that both extracts and processes the materials, with an annual target of 40,000 metric tonnes of rare earths oxides.
Although the US has the world’s second-largest deposit of rare earths metals (around 13 per cent of worldwide reserves, compared with China’s 36 per cent), its plans for increasing production will not solve all the supply problems.
In 2010, the US Department of Energy published its first ‘Critical Materials Strategy’. It highlighted the importance of substances such as REE for wind turbines, electric vehicles, photovoltaic thin films and energy-efficient lighting.
The updated 2011 strategy also included criticality assessments and market and technology analysis to identify challenges to the provision of the critical raw materials for the US industries and supply chains.
It identified five REE used in magnetic wind turbines and electric vehicles or phosphors for energy-efficient lighting as critical in the short-term (2011-2015).
The report also highlighted growing worldwide competition for REE supplies, as many other governments have recognised the growing importance and demand growth of critical raw materials to their economic competitiveness.
It also analysed three in-depth technologies and their dependence on a stable supply of REE: petroleum refining, manufacture of wind power and electric vehicles, and energy-efficient lighting technologies. To cope with these manifold supply challenges, it recommended a three-pillar strategy:
(1) diversifying global supply chains by multiple sources of materials and imports
(2) developing substitutes by expanding research and development of those critical materials
(3) expanding recycling, re-use and more efficient use to lower the overall demand as well as the imports of REE from foreign producers.


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Alloy steel (4140, 42CrMo4, 4340,18CrNiMo7-6 etc.), carbon steel,
stainless steel etc.
Max. Length: 6000mm
EF+LF + VD
Ingot→heat → forging → Heat treatment (Normalizing+ tempering) →
machining→UT →2nd Heat treatment →finishing machining →Inspection
ASTM A388 or EN10228
Quality control and management to the whole produce process,
including ingot smelting, forging, heat
treatment, machining and strictly final inspection prior to delivery.
Excellent product quality and service, competitive price, “in-time”
1. Short production time, “in-time” delivery;
2. We can provide the steel forgings whatever size, material or
type as per your requirements;
3. Good quality and competitive price
Years of forging, machining, precision gears, rack of production
experience and perfect processing equipment, is the foundation of our product quality control.


Metallurgy is a material with high carbon and few impurities that is used as a fuel. Coke is a solid carbonate material that is obtained from low ash and low sulfur bituminous coals.
The coke that is obtained from coal has a gray color and is also hard and porous. Of course, coke also exists naturally, but the most used coke is the coke made from coal by humans.
Special coals are used to produce metallurgical coke, and the properties of the coal determine the properties of the produced coke.