The role of HVAC in indoor air quality is complex. HVAC systems regulate temperature and humidity and provide ventilation to remove stale air and replace it with fresh outdoor air.
Air filters can remove particles including dust, pet dander, and pollen, reducing allergy and respiratory conditions. They can also trap volatile organic compounds, which are emitted from cleaning products and furniture. Learn more by clicking here at https://alltemprefrigerationfl.com/.
Ventilation is the process of moving fresh air into a building or room and distributing it to different parts of the space. Its primary purpose is to dilute metabolic pollutants (carbon dioxide and odor) as well as airborne particulates that are generated within the space.
A ventilation system can be natural or mechanical. In addition, there are hybrid systems that use both types of ventilation simultaneously. Regardless of the type of ventilation, the system must be designed to ensure that indoor air temperatures are regulated and that heat and moisture are dissipated.
The HVAC industry is constantly striving to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact. HVAC equipment is used in industrial, commercial, and residential spaces and includes a wide range of appliances, such as furnaces, AC units, thermostats, ductwork, and more.
As a result, many HVAC manufacturers are working to develop more environmentally friendly technologies that will help save energy and reduce carbon emissions. The benefits of improving energy efficiency for HVAC systems are significant, and they extend beyond saving money on energy costs. They also contribute to improved indoor air quality, which is beneficial for occupant health and productivity.
Poor ventilation is a major contributor to poor indoor air quality in homes and other buildings. Pollutants such as carbon monoxide, radon, and other gases can build up to dangerous levels without adequate ventilation. Biological contaminants such as mold and bacteria can also grow in poorly ventilated environments.
Proper ventilation can reduce or eliminate many of these problems. However, source control must be implemented to remove or diminish specific sources of pollution, such as removing secondhand smoke from your home or using exhaust fans in kitchens and bathrooms, and ensuring that clothes dryers are vented outdoors. In some cases, source control is a more cost-effective approach to improving indoor air quality than increasing ventilation. This is especially true for specific pollutants like VOCs, which can be reduced by eliminating or reducing their sources rather than simply diluting them with outdoor air.
When it comes to reducing airborne pollutants, HVAC systems have a lot going for them. Many systems feature filters that can reduce the amount of particulate matter circulating in the air, which is particularly beneficial to individuals with allergies or respiratory conditions. HVAC systems with advanced filtration can also remove gaseous contaminants, including VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), from ventilation air.
According to someone who oversees the program that rates building products and furnishings based on their chemical emissions, concentrations of pollutants can be up to five times higher indoors than outdoors. As people spend 90% of their time indoors, poor IAQ can lead to headaches, fatigue, asthma, and other health problems.
Air filtration in HVAC systems is a key component to improving IAQ. The system draws in fresh air, filters it, and circulates the filtered air throughout the indoor space, expelling stale air. The filtration system can reduce the presence of allergens, including dust, pet dander, and mold spores, which are common causes of respiratory irritation. In addition, the filtration system can reduce airborne pathogens such as bacteria and viruses.
The temperature and humidity levels of indoor environments are also important factors in maintaining good IAQ. HVAC systems regulate the temperature and can maintain optimal humidity levels to prevent the growth of mold and other microorganisms. Humid air feels warmer and is less irritative than dry air, which can cause nose irritation and itchy eyes.
The types of contaminant removal available for HVAC systems vary by model. For example, some models can remove odors and some can even capture airborne toxins, such as carbon monoxide and VOCs, through the use of specialized gases such as permanganate oxidizers and activated charcoal. Some options can be used as standalone systems while others can be added to preexisting HVAC equipment. The best choice depends on the specific needs of a business or facility. An organization offers HVAC training that covers various aspects of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning to prepare candidates for an entry-level position in the field. Contact a training representative for more information.
A wide variety of products and materials in our buildings produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These airborne toxins are produced when these chemicals react with oxygen. The VOCs then evaporate into the air. This off-gassing has been linked to a wide range of health issues including headaches, fatigue, nausea, dizziness, and skin irritation. VOCs are also known to cause respiratory problems, eye irritation, and damage to the liver and kidneys. Some VOCs are also suspected or proven carcinogens.
While a few VOCs are naturally occurring in the environment, most are human-made. Some of the largest sources of VOCs are petroleum-based fuels, paints and coatings, building materials, dry cleaning solvents, and some pesticides. Typically, VOC levels are higher indoors than outdoors. This is due to a combination of fewer natural VOC emissions as well as more anthropogenic emissions.
Fortunately, there are many ways to reduce VOCs in the workplace. For example, balancing humidity levels helps prevent VOCs from evaporating into the air. It is also helpful to let new carpets, furniture, and building materials air out before installing them indoors. Keeping indoor air humid can help with itchy eyes and noses as well as make temperatures feel warmer which allows thermostats to be set lower, saving energy consumption.
In addition, implementing high ventilation rates can significantly reduce VOC levels. Standard 62.1 provides guidelines for ventilation rate requirements and procedures. However, enabling high ventilation in a space is often costly and may require redesign of the pre-existing HVAC system. Additionally, incorporating high ventilation increases the amount of outdoor air that needs to be heated or cooled, which can increase energy costs.
Another important way to reduce VOCs is to limit the amount of VOC-producing products and materials in your building. This includes limiting the use of cleaning products, avoiding smoking, and storing building products such as paints and coatings in a garage or basement connected to the building. In addition, using a fan to pull air out of the room while you’re painting or using other VOC-producing products can help.
Although it can seem daunting to incorporate best practices for maintaining IAQ, ignoring them can lead to unhappy and unhealthy occupants. This can result in lost productivity, higher maintenance costs, and even litigation.
Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas produced naturally in the human body through respiration and as a byproduct of some metabolic processes. It is a major greenhouse gas and is also produced by the burning of fossil fuels. Exposure to elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide may result in a variety of adverse health effects, including headaches, tiredness, and weakness. High concentrations of CO2 in indoor air typically indicate inadequate ventilation.
The amount of CO2 in a room is usually measured in parts per million (ppm). When reading the measurement, it should be noted that the lower the number the better, as this is indicative of higher levels of fresh air being brought into the room or building. This is a key indicator of HVAC systems working properly as it can be difficult for humans to bring in enough fresh air without producing too much CO2.
As homes are built more tightly and aerated naturally through gaps and cracks, mechanical ventilation has become increasingly important to maintain good indoor air quality. The venting system brings air in from the outside through an air conditioning unit, which contains an air filter to remove dust and debris, and then through ductwork that delivers it to the different rooms within a home.
Most HVAC systems are fitted with a carbon monoxide detector to alert users when harmful levels are reached and can be adjusted to avoid this problem. In addition to this, it is recommended that a CO2 monitoring device be installed to help ensure the safety of your family and pets.
In 1987, a magazine published the Exposure Guidelines for Residential Indoor Air Quality, which recommends that long-term exposure to CO2 in a dwelling should not exceed 3,500 ppm. This value was determined to be the lowest concentration at which direct physiological adverse health effects such as increased blood acidity have been observed in human subjects after several weeks of continuous exposure. In addition, epidemiological and controlled human exposure studies of school or office settings have demonstrated that higher CO2 concentrations are associated with an increase in symptoms of mucous membrane irritation and respiratory tract disorders (such as coughing, sneezing, runny nose, and sore throat); a decrease in neurophysiological performance tests (e.g., decision-making, reaction time and test scores); and decreased productivity.


For over 50 years, TSI Alnor has manufactured high-quality air velocity equipment. One of their primary products is the air capture hood, also known as a balometer. These devices are specially designed to measure the amount of air coming out of grilles and diffusers in HVAC systems. This is where FLW comes in as the leading stocking distributor of TSI Alnor instruments. They provide a complete line of capture hoods, air velocity meters, air quality meters, air velocity transducers, airflow monitors, and more. These instruments are essential for maintaining air quality in any HVAC system. With the collapsible hood sealing over the grille or diffuser and the meter measuring the airflow volume, these balometers are an accurate and direct way to determine the amount of air passing through. Choose TSI Alnor and FLW for all your air velocity and quality needs.


By Danielle Castillo and Jared Stilwell
While conversations concerning climate change continue to ritually concentrate on the consequences we face and the action needed in order to ensure sustainability, we often disregard the mental health effects that natural disasters and fear-dominated rhetoric pose towards individuals today. Whether it be extreme flooding in indigenous communities in South America or viewing a Facebook post detailing the overwhelming effects of oversea fishing from the comfort of your apartment in California, experiencing symptoms of anxiety and worry has become common in discussions of climate change. Unfortunately, this frames environmental efforts as hopeless and the consequences of climate change as inevitable. It is this model of hopelessness that has caused the mental health of communities around the world to suffer. It is thus more than necessary we include strategies of dealing with despair in conversations of hope towards a sustainable future.
As Maria Ojala explains, worry and anxiety can cripple potential critical actors in climate change movements. If we do not address what is directly stunting action, how can we move forward? This can be more closely observed in India where there has been documented high rates of farmer suicides as a response to crop failure due to extreme droughts (See Padhy, Sarkar, Panigrahi, & Paul, 2015). The effects of climate change extend beyond the immediate environment that surrounds us, we must therefore acknowledge how climate anxiety functions in order to find hope at all.
Ojala further outlines that climate change education has to produce a way to tackle this anxiety. By understanding, learning, and applying coping mechanisms for the preservation of people’s mental health, the hope for fighting climate change becomes viable. These methods include learning how to engage local communities through messaging—as seen with the High Water Line initiative. Even when reflecting on the emergence of young climate change activists it was found that their mental health actually improved as a result of them taking action in order to save our planet (4 Activist Girls). Interestingly enough, by understanding the social, spiritual, and the emotionality of climate change they were able to develop their own treatment to cope with their mental health issues. Emotional reckoning thus enabled activists to find hope both for themselves and for the world at large.
Our definition of radical hope:
In order for hope to be truly radical, we need to recognize our anxiety and actively push against its strain. We can do this by gaining an emotional understanding of where we stand in relation to hopelessness. This method of thinking forces the individual to look internally first and evaluate before addressing worldly issues, thus providing an alternative method of mobilization which can be truly radical within itself. In this case, every act you make—from classroom discussions, changing daily consumption habits, to calling representatives to push for local policy change—becomes inherently radical because taking action becomes a form of internal and external healing. Radical hope is the process of acknowledging the symptoms of anxiety and worry, processing how despair fuels you, and choosing to hope in spite of the circumstances. Hope can take many forms, but to radically hope means to believe in the preservation of your life and the life of the world.
Kamentz, Anya. “You Need To Act Now’: Meet 4 Girls Working To Save The Warming World.” NPR, January 19, 2020.
Ojala, Maria. “Facing Anxiety in Climate Change Education : From Therapeutic Practice to Hopeful Transgressive Learning.” Canadian Journal of Environmental Education 21 (2016): 41–56.
Cunsolo Willox, Ashlee, Sherilee L. Harper, James D. Ford, Victoria L. Edge, Karen Landman, Karen Houle, Sarah Blake, and Charlotte Wolfrey. “Climate Change and Mental Health: An Exploratory Case Study from Rigolet, Nunatsiavut, Canada.” Climatic Change 121, no. 2 (November 1, 2013): 255–70.
Fritze, Jessica G., Grant A. Blashki, Susie Burke, and John Wiseman. “Hope, Despair and Transformation: Climate Change and the Promotion of Mental Health and Wellbeing.” International Journal of Mental Health Systems 2, no. 1 (September 17, 2008): 13.
Padhy, Susanta Kumar, Sidharth Sarkar, Mahima Panigrahi, and Surender Paul. “Mental Health Effects of Climate Change.” Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 19, no. 1 (2015): 3–7.
Palinkas, Lawrence A. “Climate Coping,” from “One of the most overlooked consequences of climate change? Our mental health.” Environmental Health News, December 2, 2019.
Ro, Christine. “The Harm from Worrying about Climate Change.” BBC Future, October 10, 2019.
Mosher, Eve. HighWaterLine: Visualizing Climate Change. highwaterline.org.


Low lying or fallen power lines
Quite often power poles and lines succumb to PNG’s unpredictable and often wild weather seasons. Strong winds, heavy rains, and factors like trees falling affect the distribution network around the country.
Often you will come across a leaning power pole with low power lines due to heavy rainfall and strong winds. In worst cases, you will see fallen power poles and/or power lines caused by trees falling on them.
If you see low lying or downed (fallen) power lines, please inform PNG Power immediately.
Low lying or downed power lines pose high risks of injury or even death if you go near them.
Please stay away from fallen power lines and report it to:
342 8610 / 8617
7198 1000 / 1001 / 1002 / 1003
You can also email us on:


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UK wind power is becoming increasingly central to the Government’s energy strategy, with the country’s ambitious target to provide 15 per cent of total power consumption from renewable sources by 2020 stimulating the market for onshore projects.
Scotland, with its strong supply of raw energy, is a hub for UK wind farm development and aims to produce 80 per cent of electricity from renewable sources by 2050.
Community Windpower is an operator that plans to make a significant contribution to these targets in the coming years, whilst providing economic, environmental and educational benefits to the local communities to which it supplies electricity.
As part of its ongoing development strategy, the organisation aims to develop a portfolio of more than 200 megawatt (MW) of wind farm projects in the UK over the next three years. The first, Millour Hill, is a landmark development that will see the first use of Siemens’ Direct Drive turbine technology in the UK. The project requires a £21.6 million debt package to fund its construction and operation.
To finance the Millour Hill facility, Community Windpower secured an agreement with Lloyds Bank Commercial Banking (“Lloyds Bank”), drawing on the European Investment Bank’s Intermediated Lending Scheme for Onshore Wind Projects.
In April 2011, Millour Hill, an 18MW wind farm in North Ayrshire, reached financial close. Sponsored by Community Windpower, an independent wind farm operator, the Millour Hill project will contribute to Scotland’s renewable energy targets and provide the communities of Dalry, Kilbirnie and Beith with reliable, green electricity.
The Millour Hill project will consist of six turbines with a maximum tip height of 125 metres, generating up to 18MW of clean electricity. It will displace approximately 20,300 tonnes of carbon dioxide per annum, 470 tonnes of nitrous oxide and 140 tonnes of sulphur dioxide. Millour Hill is expected to be operational in early 2012 and will supply power to approximately 14,000 homes in the local area.
The wind farm will also be the first in the UK to utilise Siemens’ direct drive turbines, which require half the component parts required for conventional geared wind turbines, allowing for increased output and ease of maintenance. The project will also be supported by a 15 year service agreement from Siemens – representing a significant commitment from one of Europe’s leading turbine providers – while electricity generated will be sold via a long-term PPA to multinational energy company, GDF Suez.
Millour Hill will supplement the existing six turbine, 18MW Dalry Community wind farm, a Community Windpower project which became operational in 2006.
Lloyds Bank acted as sole mandated lead arranger on a £21.6 million debt package to fund the construction and long-term operation of Millour Hill, as well as further future Community Windpower projects.
It is the fourth transaction Lloyds Bank has supported under the UK onshore wind European Investment Bank (EIB) Intermediated loan facility, which provides a financing benefit in relation to 50 per cent of the total investment cost.
Community Windpower selected Lloyds Bank based on its Renewable Energy team’s proven expertise in backing onshore wind farm projects, having jointly funded RES’ 48MW Hill of Towie and 28MW Kelburn windfarms, and Infinis Group’s 22MW Glenkerie project in 2010.
The wind farm developer also recognised Lloyds Bank’s as one of the market leaders in the wider renewable energy sector. To date, Lloyds Banking Group has arranged or underwritten approximately £2.4 billion for over 45 projects worldwide.
As well as financing Millour Hill, the new long-term portfolio facility will see Community Windpower grow its onshore wind assets to in excess of 200MW capacity over the next three years. The package will also enable the company to reduce costs through the standardisation of financing terms and documentation over the period of the facility, and protect cash flows by cross-collateralising projects as necessary.
As a result of the strong relationship Lloyds Bank has developed with Community Windpower, it has been mandated to finance the operator’s next asset.
Ed Wilson, Head of Renewables at Lloyds Bank Commercial Banking Project Finance, said: “Community Windpower is a highly progressive and ambitious organisation whose community-focused, consultative approach delivers local energy supplies with economic, environmental and educational benefits.
“Whilst contributing to Scottish and UK renewable energy goals, and benefiting the local community it will power, Millour Hill is made even more significant by Community Windpower’s newly formed partnership with Siemens. The project will be one of the UK’s most efficient wind farms thanks to the turbine manufacturer’s Direct Drive technology and, as such, will set the benchmark for similar small and medium-sized facilities.
“The funding structure in place illustrates our long term support for Community Windpower and its intention to significantly grow its portfolio, and will allow the organisation to reduce professional adviser costs over the 15 year period of the facility.”
Rod Wood, Managing Director at Community Windpower, commented: “Millour Hill is the latest in a series of planned wind farm projects that will provide notable environmental and social advantages to local communities, whilst continuing to clean the UK’s energy output.
“Lloyds Bank was the natural choice to finance the facility from a very early stage, taking into account its excellent record in supporting onshore wind farms and wider renewable energy projects.
“Through the lender’s trusted advice, sector expertise, complex structuring skills and subsequent long-term commitment, we have secured a debt package that not only positions us to construct and operate Millour Hill, but also to grow our assets over the next three years.”
Head of Renewable Energy, Project Finance
Lloyds Bank Commercial Banking
Telephone: 020 7158 8332


Ezmeyghan: Tabas tourism paradise!
Azmighan or Ezmeyghan is a village in the central part of Tabas city, South Khorasan province Iran. The village is located in Montazerieh district. To reach the village of Azmighan, you have to enter the Tabas to Bashrouyieh road, which is also called the airport road, because Tabas airport is located on the same road. Thirty kilometers from Tabas, the sign of the tourist village of Azmighan can be seen on the right side of the road. After passing another 5 km on this road, you will reach Azmighan village.
Due to its permanent rivers, this village is different from other villages in the desert in terms of climate. The village of Ezmeyghan is the only place where you can see the cultivation of dates and rice together. Ezmeyghan has two different climates: hot and humid vs. hot and dry, one of which is suitable for producing dates and the other is suitable for rice cultivation. Also, the flow of water between these farms and gardens has created a natural, green, and pleasant texture. In the middle of the village, several natural and artificial pools of water and canebrake and reeds and palm trees and paddy fields amaze the visitors. Near the agricultural farms is a vertical wall of a mountain hill with small caves and holes that have long been dug.
This area is called “Khanik”. Continuing the route, you will reach beautiful natural water pools at the slopes of the rocky cliffs of the mountain, which are the source of this small river. The water in these ponds is very clear and there are many cute small fishes called the Doctor Fish. They gather around your feet and tip the skin of your feet and provide you with a natural, free, and heartfelt massage. The sunshine among the magnificent palm leaves and its reflection in the water of the river, which is full of cute little fishes, displays a special beauty in the heart of the desert.
From rural attractions and gardens to paddy fields and perennial palm trees, from summer slopes to beautiful natural springs, from ancient textures with native architecture to historical and cultural monuments are all attractive attractions for tourists. Due to the pleasant climate and mesmerizing nature of the village, visiting it is recommended in every season of the year; in spring, the aroma of spring orange and tree blossoms, and in summer, the beauty of the paddy fields is spectacular. In addition, the temperate climate in autumn and winter gives travelers the opportunity to enjoy a desert tour. If you go to Ezmeyghan, be sure to visit the river and find the Takht-e Aroos at the heart of the river. On the way to the Takht-e Aroos, there are beautiful gardens-restaurants where you can enjoy local foods such as Ash. The tourist area of Kal Jenny in Tabas is also located near the village of Azmighan. It is highly recommended to visit this spectacular and magical place.
Ezmeyghan village is one of the most beautiful tourist areas of Tabas. The village is located 40 km east of the central part of Tabas city. The houses in this village are architecturally similar to other desert houses. Clay, mud, and soil are together with wood are the main materials for these houses. Pristine and beautiful nature along with unique tourist attractions has made Ezmeyghan a spectacular and lively village. Ezmeyghan is one of the few desert areas with permanent rivers. This village is exemplary and unique in the country in terms of plant diversity. In Ezmeyghan, in addition to the dates and citrus fruits and other seasonal fruits, rice is also cultivated. Palm trees and rice paddies have given this village a special beautiful view.
Azmighan is one of the most amazing villages in Iran and one of the wonders of Iran’s nature. Among the tourist attractions of Ezmeyghan village, including natural and historical attractions, are the tomb of Sayed Muhammad ibn Ja’far Tayyar, the Takht-e Aroos and the Ghadmgah waterfall, and two old Arabic inscriptions, probably from the time of Muhammad ibn Ja’far Tayyar, and also a 300 years old fig tree with 20 meters height. At a distance of 5 or 6 km from the village, there are two old beautiful castles that the locals call them the Dokhtar Castle (The Girl Castle). Ezmeyghan village is also famous among tourists for two reasons: rice paddies and palm groves. Nowhere else in the world can these two types be seen together.
Takht-e Aroos of Ezmeyghan:
One of the most fascinating natural attractions of Tabas is called Takht-e Aroos, located in Ezmeyghan. Thousands of Iranian and foreign tourists visit this spectacular natural phenomenon every year. The Takht-e Aroos is located above the water stream that leads to this village.
Takht-e Aroos means The bride’s bed. This area is called Takhte aroos because of the large white rock that appears on the bottom of its valley. This large white stone is in the middle of the river and looks like a bed because of the water moving on both sides and because of its white color they call it a bride!
The shrine and tomb of Muhammad ibn Ja’far Tayyar:
This place is the tomb of one of the nephews of the first Shiite Imam (Imam Ali). The beautiful tomb of Imamzadeh is located on a high hill that completely overlooks the village of Ezmeyghan. The building of this shrine has been destroyed several times over the years but thanks to the local people of the village, it has been repaired and renovated many times and is ready to receive pilgrims.
The Ghadamgah strait and waterfall:
There is a beautiful strait and waterfall near the village of Ezmeyghan which is called: Ghadamgah. Travelers and tourists can swim in this strait with the necessary precautions. However, swimming in this strait is not so safe and secure! To reach this beautiful strait, you have to walk about 30 minutes from the village because there is no car route.
Ezmeyghan also has some traditional tourist residences such as Nardoon Residence, the Agha Seyed Zabihollah Traditional Residence, and Amou- Nourouz Residence.


All hands went on deck last week to tackle a major drainage and renovation job at Swindon Town FC’s hallowed County Ground pitch.
Under 10 weeks from the start of next season, Ecosol Turfcare went on site to remove the grass playing surface with the Koro Terraplane Rotor to a depth of 12mm, following that up with our Shelton Super Trencher, gravel cart, pipe layer and Sandmaster to renew various elements of the ground’s 30 year old drainage system.
Materials used in the project included - 5000kg of soil improver zeolite; 120 tonnes of sand top dressing, 80 tonnes of stone, 30 tonnes of 80:20 rootzone and 90 tonnes of drainage sand.
“It’s way more than we usually do,” said head groundsman Marcus Cassidy, “and while the pitch didn’t actually have puddling on the surface, water removal and grass growth were poor.” He noticed that following heavy or prolonged rainfall, some areas retained water and others became very soft. “This obviously affected the condition of the pitch and how the football team wanted to play.” The Club had known about various blockages and collapses in the drainage pipes since 2011 and needed to address this as part of the quest towards future League promotion.
Existing drainage of the County Ground comprised 2 x 100mm main drains, one going down each touch line with 40 herringbone lateral drains at 5m centres constructed with 50mm perforated pipes. After preliminary investigation, Marcus and Ecosol Turfcare MD Bretton King decided that the most appropriate course of action was to remove the old main drains and expose the 50mm herringbone laterals.
With these laterals accessible, we jetwashed the herringbones, flushing over a tonne of silt out of the pipes before reconnecting them to two new 100mm main drains.
“Despite a slow start due to bad weather and the subsidence of some areas of main drain trench which needed digging out by hand, the Ecosol team worked tirelessly to catch up,” said Marcus “and have done a thorough and excellent job.”
Secondary drainage was required to maintain percolation of rainfall and sprinkler water from the surface through the soil profile and quickly into the drains. To that end, we employed the Super Trencher to install 50mm sand and gravel slits at 1m centres perpendicular to the herringbone laterals.
After that, the BLEC Sandmaster was used to install sand bands at 26cm centres to further improve surface infiltration.
With the new drains working well, the annual renovation programme could begin. The 90t of sports sand top-dressing was ameliorated into the surface which was then levelled and seeded in four directions with Barenbrug Elite Barpersie seed.


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LEED Green Associate (GA)® Exam Preparation
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A LEED credential gives you a competitive edge and shows the market you have the key knowledge, experience and credibility to bring success to LEED projects and sustainability-focused organizations.
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GeoHistories of the Gubbio Apennines GUBBIO - Italy
5-8 JUNE 2012
Two field trips are planned:
7 June 2012
One day field-trip along the Bottaccione Gorge and Contessa Valley.
POST-CONFERENCE FIELD TRIP
Four days post congress field-trip along a transect from Gubbio to Tiber Valley, Valnerina, Monte San Vicino/Genga, Monte Conero and Gola del Furlo is planned from 9th to 12nd June 2012. The topics span from the stratigraphy to the structural geology in geological classic sites of the Umbria-Marche Apennines.


Built in 2012, MAX Atria, the convention wing of Singapore EXPO, showcases versatile spaces transformed by natural light and lush garden features. Inspired by nature and the Earth’s natural elements, MAX Atria is designed to provide dynamic spaces that lay the foundation for successful events. Named after crystals, all of our 32 well-appointed rooms evoke a sense of well-being that complemented by verdant landscaping, architecture and interiors that incorporate greening initiatives.
MAX Atria is the first MICE facility in Singapore to receive the Building and Construction Authority Green Mark Platinum standard for its eco-friendly building design. In 2018, it was recognised as the Best Business Event Venue at the Singapore Tourism Awards ceremony.


A team of officials from the government of Xifeng county patrol a local river on June 17. [Photo/xifeng.gov.cn]
Senior government officials of Xifeng county, Guiyang, Southwest China's Guizhou province, participated in a series of forest and river patrol activities on June 17, as part of Guizhou's five-year campaign to make its capital Guiyang stronger and more environmentally-friendly.
Officials were briefed on the implementation of the forest chief system, and learned about the protection and development of forest resources. Efforts to boost forest economy and pest control operations were urged.
When patrolling local rivers, officials listened to the river chief system implementation report, and were informed of measures taken to protect water resources, manage coastal areas, and prevent and control water pollution. The coordinated work among different government departments in carrying out systematic water governance was stressed.


Thursday, November 3, 2011
Global Classroom: Seasons Around the World VoiceThread Project
As part of the Global Classroom Project, my second graders are creating a VoiceThread called Seasons Around the World. We are inviting other K-3 classrooms to join us! Each season we will observe the changes in our natural world. We will follow and observe a deciduous tree in our school yard. We will collect data on temperature and sunrise/sunset times. Our goals are to share and compare our seasonal observations and data with classrooms around the world. How are the seasons around the world the same? How are they different? Why do the seasons change? If you would like to participate in this project by sharing your seasonal observations on our VoiceThread I invite you to join the Global Classroom Project. For more information you can tweet me @DebraRosenquist or go to the Global Classroom Wiki. You can also leave a comment on this blog!


Maryanne McGowan, Chair, Marketing & Communications Committee
Maryanne E. McGowan, CPA, CEM
Duke Energy, Strategy & Implementation Manager
Mrs. McGowan has over 30 years of experience as an accountant and senior-level manager. The past 15 years of her experience have been in the energy industry. She currently is responsible for competitive intelligence and for stimulating business markets in the fields of energy efficiency and energy conservation. She serves in the Consortium of Energy Efficiency, the Association of Energy Engineers, and the Council of Women in Energy and Environmental Leadership. Maryanne has recently completed service on the Steering Committee for an ERPI (Electric Power Research Institute) research project of “Electricity Use and Management in the Water Supply and Wastewater Sectors”. She is presently serving on the advisory board for the WERF (Water Environment Research Foundation) for the project of Barriers to Energy Efficiency and Recovery. She also serves on the Board for Raise the Floor, a program focused on workforce development of women in manufacturing careers. She has recently been named to the Board of Directors of Gateway Community & Technical College Foundation. Additionally, she has been active in the promotion of STEM career development and education in K-12 Schools as well as at the collegiate level. She is a sought after speaker on Energy Efficiency and Energy Management on the national and regional level. Maryanne is experienced in fiscal management, economic analysis, mergers & acquisitions, process design and improvements, resource planning and sustainable energy strategy. She holds a BS and BA from the University of Cincinnati and an MBA from Xavier University.


The Paradise Garden
By Jordan Sibley
December 4th, 2021 to March 5, 2022
The Paradise Garden is a hopeful speculation about the future of the Dandenong Ranges forest; this future will see humans living harmoniously with nature, supporting and being supported by the forest. The installation will place the viewer under a canopy of vines that miniature creatures live within, and aims to engage an optimistic discourse about the forest of the future.
The aerie gallery can be found on the first floor at Burrinja Cultural Centre.


Several countries have started using recycled aggregate as a partial replacement to natural aggregate in concrete. Recycled aggregate contains adhered mortar, which distinguishes it from the natural aggregate. In the present study, natural coarse aggregates were entirely replaced by two kinds of recycled coarse aggregates. The recycled aggregates obtained from the jaw crushing method were named recycled coarse aggregate-1 and the aggregates that were further processed by the ball milling method were named recycled coarse aggregate-2. The performance of control concrete and two kinds of recycled coarse aggregate concretes were studied experimentally with respect to mechanical properties. Results indicate that the processing method to obtain recycled coarse aggregates plays an important role in developing the required mechanical properties. The ball mill processed aggregates performed better than the jaw crushed aggregates in concrete. The performance was also assessed with respect to the microhardness of the interfacial transition zone around the surface of the aggregates. The presence of adhered mortar in recycled aggregate weakens it because of the presence of an old interfacial transition zone that affects the strength of concrete. The interfacial transition zone hardness at the aggregate-mortar interface is 53.94, 34.21, and 44.08 % of bulk concrete for control concrete, recycled coarse aggregate-1 concrete, and recycled coarse aggregate-2 concrete, respectively. The addition of silica fume improved the average microhardness, and the same was reflected in the mechanical properties of both the recycled coarse aggregate concretes. It is recommended to use ball mill processed recycled coarse aggregates as a complete replacement to natural coarse aggregates along with a 5 % addition of silica fume for better performance.
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Ceramics and Composites
- Civil and Structural Engineering
- Mechanics of Materials
- Polymers and Plastics
- Metals and Alloys
- Materials Chemistry


Power generation is an essential aspect of any industrial facility, and its efficiency is crucial to the productivity and profitability of the business. Gas turbines have become increasingly popular in recent times as they offer a more efficient, reliable, and cost-effective solution to power generation. In this article, we will explore how gas turbines improve power generation in industrial facilities.
What are Gas Turbines?
Gas turbines are machines that convert fuel into mechanical energy, which is then used to generate electricity. This process begins with the combustion of gas in a combustion chamber, which drives a turbine that produces mechanical energy. This mechanical energy is then used to power a generator that produces electric power.
The efficiency of Gas Turbines
Gas turbines are highly efficient in converting fuel into electricity. They can achieve efficiencies of up to 60%, which is significantly higher than other forms of power generation, such as steam turbines, which have efficiencies of around 30-35%. This means that gas turbines can generate more electricity from the same amount of fuel, resulting in lower operating costs and reduced emissions.
Gas turbines are a popular choice for power generation due to their high efficiency in converting fuel into electricity. With efficiencies of up to 60%, they outperform other forms of power generation, such as steam turbines, by a significant margin. This means that gas turbines can generate more electricity from the same amount of fuel, resulting in lower operating costs and reduced emissions. Additionally, gas turbines can start up quickly and respond rapidly to changes in demand, making them an ideal choice for meeting peak demand requirements. Overall, gas turbines are a reliable and efficient source of power generation for a variety of applications.
Reliability of Gas Turbines
Gas turbines are highly reliable and can operate continuously for extended periods. They are designed to operate in harsh environments, such as high temperatures and dusty conditions, making them ideal for use in industrial facilities. They also require minimal maintenance, which reduces downtime and increases productivity.
Moreover, gas turbines are highly efficient and can generate large amounts of power with relatively low fuel consumption. This makes them a cost-effective option for power generation in a variety of settings, from large-scale power plants to remote locations such as oil rigs and mining sites. Additionally, gas turbines can be easily integrated with renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, to provide a more sustainable and reliable energy mix. Overall, gas turbines offer a range of advantages for industrial and energy applications, making them a popular choice for power generation worldwide.
Cost-Effectiveness of Gas Turbines
Gas turbines are a cost-effective solution to power generation in industrial facilities. They have lower operating costs than other forms of power generation, such as steam turbines, which require more fuel and maintenance. Gas turbines also have a shorter startup time, which means that they can be used to meet sudden increases in electricity demand, reducing the need for expensive peak-load power plants.
Applications of Gas Turbines in Industrial Facilities
Gas turbines have a wide range of applications in industrial facilities. They are often used in power plants to generate electricity, and in oil refineries and chemical plants to power pumps and compressors. They are also used in the aviation industry to power aircraft engines.
Additionally, gas turbines can be used for cogeneration, where excess heat from the turbine is captured and used for heating or cooling purposes. They are also used in marine vessels for propulsion, and in the military for portable power generation. Gas turbines are known for their efficiency and reliability, making them popular in various industries.
Gas turbines are a highly efficient, reliable, and cost-effective solution to power generation in industrial facilities. They offer a range of benefits, including high efficiency, reliability, low operating costs, and a reduced environmental impact. Gas turbines have a wide range of applications in industrial facilities, and their flexibility makes them ideal for meeting fluctuating electricity demands. As companies strive to reduce their environmental impact and increase their productivity, gas turbines are likely to become an increasingly popular solution to power generation.


Responsibility & Quality
Our company policy is firmly based on the promotion of sustainable development, a sparing draw on resources, and the protection of the environment: this is our commitment to the global Responsible Care initiative.
To us, environmental protection is not a hollow phrase, but a concept that is filled with life every day, including a 100% quota of Euro 6 standard vehicles in our fleet, multimodal transport chains, precise route optimisation for less empty mileage, and regular ECO training courses for the active reduction of fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Not only on the strength of our certifications can our customers rely on perfect, reliable, and eco friendly transport services every day - our company´s success is also boosted by detailed and innovative quality management.
Our quality management system is certificated at regular intervals:
- DIN EN ISO 9001:2015 certification for the transport of liquid, gaseous, and free flowing hazardous goods and other products in tankers and containers.
- GMP certification for the transport of liquid fodders and fodder additives in tank containers and tanker trailers in accordance with the requirements under the GMP+ (good manufacturing practice) standards (2020)
- evaluations with the CEFIC Safety and Quality Assessment Systems (SQASs)


Smarter, safer and more convenient, the Billi drinking water appliance delivers invigorating filtered boiling and chilled drinking water. Elegantly styled, a futuristic design and cutting edge technology, the Billi meets green building requirements, disability access and ergonomic design imperatives.
- Seven different models with three tap styles
- Smallest under counter unit footprint
- Patented heat exchange system delivers substantial energy savings
- Safety switch for safe use of boiling water
- Bottled Only
- Splash free delivery
- 7 day time switch with standby mode
- No cupboard ventilation required
- From 90 cups boiling water per hour
- From 60 cups chilled water per hour
A technological breakthrough in energy efficient appliance design, Billi’s unique heat exchange system uses change of state technology allowing a large amount of heat to be absorbed and stored. Typically this heat generated during the chilling cycle is wasted to the atmosphere. Billi recovers this waste heat energy to preheat the boiling water enabling our systems to achieve substantial energy savings.
An in built 7 day time switch ensures the system is running only when it is needed, eliminating unnecessary out of hours power consumption.
An energy saving standby mode can be selected to activate after a pre-set time of non-use. The Billi will power down to conserve power.
Water-cooled systems do not require cupboard ventilation or a cooling fan.
- See Vending Machine Supplies for Water Cups
Floor standing – Width – 260mm, Depth – 485mm, Height – 1145mm
Dispense Height – 175mm


Tiko Mangos is a family-owned business dedicated to the production of fresh mango. Established in 1995, our company is located in the city of Los Mochis, Mexico. Tiko Mangos is devoted to growing high-quality mango for both domestic and international markets. Our mango trees thrive under our sustainable resource management strategy that ensures the well-being of the community. We aim to increase the quality of life of our employees and their families through employment and development opportunities.
Tiko Mangos strives to be a pioneer in the agriculture sector, moved by our values and commitment to our clients; we continue to produce superior and organic mangos. We optimize our natural resources and incorporate new technologies to guarantee a minimal environmental impact. Additionally, our organic practices and food-safety policies adhere to local and international guidelines, we focus our efforts to escalate the company’s competitivity and thus maintain its sustained progress within the regional agri-food business community.


Las Vegas may be an illuminated oasis in the American Southwest, drawings its electricity from the Hoover Dam and solar plants, but water conservation is the most pressing concern for the city and the region. About 15 miles (24 kilometers) west of The Strip is Red Rock Canyon, Nevada's first National Conservation Area. It offers hiking trails, rock climbing, mountain biking, and other recreations, but as the Visitor Center designed by Line and Space shows, it is also a place to learn about the desert landscape and its conservation. The architects answered some questions about the project.
The Visitor Center’s palate of natural materials and its low profile helps the building merge with the existing landscape. ( Photo ©: Robert Reck )
What were the circumstances of receiving the commission for this project?
Line and Space responded to a Request for Proposal (RFP) for miscellaneous projects in the state of Nevada. One of these projects was the Red Rock Canyon Visitor Center Complex (RRCVC), which involved conversion of the existing visitor center into administrative offices and construction of a new visitor center. Also included in the commission were exhibits, plazas, site development, a fee/contact station and parking, and utility upgrades.
The entry is sheltered by a “big hat” (a roof with deep overhangs and skyholes) which creates an intermediate thermal transition zone and forms the collection plane for rainwater harvesting. ( Photo ©: Les Wallack, FAIA )
Can you describe your design process for the building?
The project started with Line and Space facilitating intense 7-day programming workshops where clients, stakeholders and the public were invited to participate in sessions focused on defining the needs, goals and design parameters for the new RRCVC. In response to common goals of environmental education, conservation and stewardship, the project design emphasizes the specific attributes of Red Rock Canyon itself, in lieu of traditional dioramas and pseudo-natural imitations often seen in Las Vegas.
The Center provides a primarily outdoor experience that is designed to instill in individuals a sense of personal responsibility for the land's well-being. The architecture expresses environmental conservation, is responsive to climate and environment, and demonstrates appropriate desert design. The goal is that visitors will go away with a new understanding of conservation, buildings that respond appropriately to their environment, and energy conserving practices, products, and ideas that they can use in their personal lives.
This 80-foot long mullionless, anti-reflective window provides a dramatic connection to the outdoors. ( Photo ©: Robert Reck )
How does the completed building compare to the project as designed? Were there any dramatic changes between the two and/or lessons learned during construction?
The completed project is very close to the original design. This was facilitated by Line and Space’s time on site performing construction administration to swiftly answer and address any questions or issues the contractor had during construction. The extended periods of time on site also helped developed a collaborative environment where architect and contractors worked together to ensure design intent was fulfilled.
Integral to the architecture, interpretive exhibits are designed as abstractions of the surrounding Red Rock Canyon geology. Natural and durable materials such as concrete masonry and steel reduce maintenance needs and extend the service life of the facility. ( Photo ©: Johnny Birkinbine, AIA )
How does the building compare to other projects in your office, be it the same or other building types?
Line and Space has been pioneering experiments in the creation of outdoor tempered microclimates and bio-adaptable transition zones since the 1980’s with our first public building the Boyce Thompson Arboretum Visitor Center. The Arboretum was one of only six nationwide to receive the American Institute of Architects (AIA)/American Schools of Collegiate Architecture (ASCA), Environmental Award – predecessor to the AIA Committee on the Environment (COTE) Top Ten Award for its innovative environmental design. The RRCVC utilizes many of the ideas first developed at the Arboretum such as the creation of comfortable transition spaces between indoors and outdoors, tempered microclimates, and water harvesting.
Harvesting energy from the sun, the 55 kW photovoltaic array provides power to the new Visitor Center, and an interpretive opportunity for visitors. ( Photo ©: Robert Reck )
How does the building relate to contemporary architectural trends, be it sustainability, technology, etc.?
Starting with our first project, an earth integrated home, we have developed new and creative environmental strategies that today are becoming commonplace in green design. Throughout our 35 years of practice, we have created and implemented new approaches to resource conservation in the areas of daylighting, recycling, rainwater harvesting, grey water reuse, and environmental conditioning.
The LEED Gold RRCVC continues our commitment to designing inspiring, resource conserving spaces for our clients. The project integrates several sustainable features such as proper orientation and daylighting, multiple water harvesting and reuse systems, solar power, solar hot water, and a transpired solar wall.
The new Visitor Center submerges patrons in the environment. Exhibits and interpretation are focused upon adjacent natural features to educate visitors and encourage them to explore the Conservation Area themselves. ( Photo ©: Robert Reck )
How would you describe the architecture of Nevada and how does the building relate to it?
The state of Nevada is one of the most rapidly growing areas in the United States. Thousands of people move there each year, many have diverse backgrounds, experiences, and knowledge, but few understand what it is to live in the desert.
The design of the new facility provides an outdoor experience which instills in individuals a sense of personal responsibility for their land’s well-being. Key to the visitor’s understanding of Red Rock Canyon is the need to experience, and be a part of the inspirational desert landscape. The design of the new Visitor Center fulfills this, where 1,000,000 visitors per year are introduced to the geology, science, art and culture of Red Rock Canyon, and encouraged to visit the nearby real thing.
Email interview conducted by John Hill.


Cut Flower Garden
A couple of years ago, I started a pollinator garden. Each year I add new perennials so I’m excited to see how full and colorful it has become. This year I decided to start a cut flower garden, focusing on pollinator friendly flowers as much as I can. This new garden will specifically contain flowers that lend themselves to being cut and brought inside for arrangements.
Each arrangement starts with the stars of the arrangement. Right now, my favorite flowers are ranunculus and dahlias so those will definitely be in the garden. Unfortunately in this area, neither flower survives the winter. Dahlias are tubers so you can dig the tubers up, store them in a cool dry place for the winter, and then plant them again in the spring. So I’m told! Last year was the first time I planted dahlias and then dug them up before winter. I’ll keep you posted on how successful I am at replanting and growing them this spring!
My favorite arrangements also include tall slender flowers. This year I’m going to try gladiolas and snapdragons. I planted gladiolas in my front yard last year. Supposedly gladiolas can survive the winter in Northern Virginia. I’ll let you know if they come back up! I’ll plant more gladiolas in my cut flower garden so I’ll know if I can leave the bulbs in the ground or dig them up at the end of the season.
Finally, every arrangement needs what I call, “pops of whimsy.” These are flowers that are added for texture, height, and color. I’m going to start with bupleurum, billy balls, veronica, and scabiosa. Bupleurum adds a light airy feeling. Billy balls are just fun! Veronica and scabiosa will take a ho-hum arrangement to wow with their stunning colors and textures.
Stay tuned for updates and hopefully photos of fun arrangements from my cut flower garden!


Since 2000 the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary’s Team OCEAN Program has put trained, knowledgeable naturalists out on the water in sanctuary kayaks, to greet and interact with fellow day kayakers. The naturalists serve as docents for the marine sanctuary, promote respectful wildlife viewing, and protect marine mammals from disturbance. A large percentage of ocean kayakers are visitors to the area and unaware of or undereducated about the sanctuary’s existence and sensitive wildlife. Team OCEAN has proven to be a successful program with thousands of contacts per year. Team OCEAN volunteers can be found in Elkhorn slough and along the kelp beds off Cannery Row in Monterey.
For more information about kayaking in the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, please visit montereybay.noaa.gov/visitor/kayak.html.


Tropical Hibiscus in Sweden
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is considered an exotic tropical plant. So how has it become so widely grown here in Sweden? Because it is an excellent potted plant! Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has been a common plant in Sweden for more than fifty years. With summer daytime temperatures averaging 15-26 degrees C (60-80F), night-time slightly lower, this climate is never ideal for tropical hibiscus. In a garden they grow but rarely flower until taken in before frost. For outdoor growing Hibiscus syriacus is much preferred.
|Growing tropical hibiscus the Swedish way means affixing shelves beneath windows. Hibiscus need light so choose a south or west window. To keep plants from drying out too soon use double pots; an inner plastic and an outer ceramic planter. In warmer climes than Sweden the shelf should be affixed a little lower so that pots get protected by the wall. This arrangement works very well which show itself in blooms, even during winter months. Artificial pollination will often result in fertile seedpods. Potted hibiscus, when well cared for, can become very old, 40 years or more.|
Some hibiscus cultivars grown in Sweden
Common difficulties peculiar to house grown hibiscus:
Pests: The ones to especially look out for with house grown hibiscus are spider mites, compliments of a dry indoor environment. These can be somewhat combated by proper showers once a week.
Excessive size: Pruning will be needed. Ideal time is in fall, August - October, but spring pruning is practised by some with good results. For a well balanced plant try to establish three main branches. These are shortened to 1/3, all the rest completely cut back. For extremely vigorous plants a cautious root pruning, never more than 1/3 of the rootball, might be utilised in connection with spring replanting.
Replanting: Commonly occur once a year in spring. Carefully lift the whole plant out of the pot. Remove as much of the old soil as possible. Choose a new pot one size larger than the old. For some plants the roots have to be cut back too (see above). Replant in well draining soil.
Drought: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is fairly drought tolerant. Water regularly but do not leave water standing in the planter. Fertilise every week even in winter (half strength) with low P (phosphorous) fertiliser, but NEVER when the soil is bone-dry. It can burn the roots badly.
Yellow leaves: Often the result of underwatering. Can also occur when plant spent summer outside and are brought indoors in fall. Here the trick is to minimise shock by weaning the plant to indoor conditions. How-to: The first day take plant in 1 hr, the next 2hr and so on until they spend as much time indoors as out.
Light: Placed in window with southern exposure artificial light is rarely needed.
Bud drop: Common result of drought. Some will invariably fall off. If the plant grows unevenly it can be turned, but slowly, about 1/8 turn a week, too rapidly may result in bud drop.
Back to: Tropical Hibiscus Home Page


The park is situated on a steep slope on the right bank of a meander in the Sázava River opposite the village of Zbořený Kostelec. We can find interesting ecosystems on a fragmented relief with many significant flora and fauna species. The park is located on a steep fragmented slope at the confluence of the Sázava and Čakovický potok Rivers. The park stretches across a deep side-valley and a ridge with castle ruins of Zbořený Kostelec on its promontory. Around the park, there are both natural and artificial outcrops of rocks which originated from a metamorphosed island on the Central Bohemian Plateaux together with outcrops of boulder scree. The depth and quality of the soil cover depends on the mother rock and also the configuration of the terrain. Woodland soil type with the presence of skeletons prevails throughout the park.
The plant community is rich, ranging from prairie and warm condition loving species on open areas of rock outcrops through communities of warm loving oak wood and beech wood species to inversion valley stations. The following species may be found amongst the most important ones: Ostrich Fern, Narrow Leaf Helleborine, Polygonatum Odoratum, Bastard Balm.
To name but a few of the important fauna that live here we can list for instance the Common Dormouse, Wood Pigeon, Stock Owl, Black Woodpecker and also some rare species of Bark Beetle (e.g. Pytiophtorus Exculpus) and Anobium Beetle (Episernus Striatellus).
Various species usually found in dwarf oak woodlands near to rock prairie sites at the castle ruin, oak woodland with drying out, acid, fresh, rocky and acid type as far as gorge lime soil types, and also sycamore woodland species are represented in the local woodland vegetation. There are several exquisite individuals of Norway Spruce, that are considered to be the last remaining descendants of the autochthonous Sázava spruce and which are located in the inversion location of the Čakovický potok.
The woods, with an altered species community and presence of non-original species in this area, have been subject to forestry management. The long term aim pursued by the forestry management programme is to change the species composition gradually to a situation which is close to the presumed original species community while using local plants. The construction of the castle had a significant impact on the woods in its vicinity and it is likely that the surroundings of the castle used to be forest free and bare.
Basic Data: Cadastral area of Týnec nad Sázavou and Makovice Area 56,79 ha Altitude 260 – 420 m Established in the Public Notice issued by ONV Benešov in 15.11.1990


Soybean Seeds (Glycine max)
Soybeans are drought-tolerant, nitrogen-fixing plants that enrich the soil. They grow on short bushes to about knee high and are planted and harvested similarly to bush dry beans. A loose well-drained loam is what soybeans like best, but they do well in a wide range of soil conditions.
Unlike almost all available soybeans, ours have not been contaminated by genes from Roundup Ready soybeans. Rest assured the varieties listed below are all NON-GMO.
Soybeans can be used at the shell stage when the seeds are just starting to plump the pods. Steam unshelled pods for 5 minutes, put them under cold water and squeeze the beans out. A taste sensation in July and August, and they freeze well.
We specialize in soybean cultivars that make delicious cooked dry beans. Our varieties (and yours if they become your own homegrown beans) take about 90 minutes at a low simmer to cook.
(Packets contain 25 or more seeds)
We are currently offering 4 varieties of Soybean Seeds (Glycine max).
New Mexico heirloom, originally introduced from Sapporo, Japan in 1929. High yields of small, olive coloured beans w/ dark brown saddle. Great eating quality. Usually dry by mid-August.
These were our earliest and highest yielding edamame soybeans of this season. 3-inch pods, containing light green seeds, mature uniformly on compact plants. Open-pollinated, non-GMO.
Two-tone gold and brown seeds that look like kids' candies. Sweet, buttery and very digestible. Doukhobor heirloom from Grand Forks, B.C.
New Mexico heirloom, originally introduced to the U.S. from Sapporo, Japan in 1929. High yields of small, olive coloured beans which have a dark brown saddle. Excellent eating quality. Similar to Grand Forks but smaller. Usually dry by mid-Aug.


Cannibalism consists of consuming all or part of another individual of the same species. It is quite common in the animal kingdom and has been reported in many species. Cannibalism can occur in drastic conditions where resources such as food, shelter and territory are scarce as a way to regulate population numbers. Cannibalism also occurs for other reasons: lions for example will kill and sometimes eat another males’ cubs to exert dominance, while the praying mantis and some spiders will feast on their mate after breeding.
For more on cannibalism, also read our most recent blog
Cannibalism in Laboratory Rodents: Stressors to Avoid
Mice and rats are no exception: in laboratory mouse breeding colonies, the loss of pups due to cannibalism is a common issue—so common, in fact, that it is often overlooked or accepted as normal. However, cannibalism should be considered a serious problem in the lab animal vivarium: successful breeding is a critical part in providing animals for research. Reduced breeding performance leads to increased costs and inefficient production going against the 3Rs principal of replace, reduce, and refine how animals are used in research, and can even cause the loss of precious transgenic lines. In a way, it is indicative of reduced wellbeing, and is an underestimated welfare issue in laboratory mouse breeding.
Possible causes for cannibalism in laboratory mice are multiple. A foreign smell on the pups can confuse the female, leading to neglect or abandonment and later cannibalization. Try to avoid touching newborns. If you do have to check on them, rub your gloved hands in the cage bedding a few seconds to transfer the smell. If you need to change the cage, transfer the whole nest (pups, nesting material and some bedding) in your cupped hand.
Any kind of stressors can also affect the females and pups negatively. In the animal room, try to limit animal handling, noise, vibrations, bright light, environmental smells, and keep a set dark/light schedule and steady temperature (1). Providing nesting material plays a huge role in breeding success, as pups from active females that spend more time nest building before parturition have a higher chance of survival (2). Offering extra environmental enrichment such as extra bedding, a shack/house, tunnel, or paper tissues results in decreased pup mortality and increased pup weight (3) .
Providing foraging opportunities can also distract the breeders and reduce stress. The results from our “Breeding Support and Pup Health” survey indicates that 27% of respondents use sunflower seeds as a foraging enrichment for their breeders—a way to distract them, reduce stress, and decrease food grinding. ClearH2O’s DietGel® Prenatal contains sunflower seeds as foraging enrichment.
Provide Appropriate Nutrition
Some strains are more prone to cannibalism, such as C57BL/6 and BALB/c, which will eat up to 30% of their litters. In particular, C57BL/6 are considered poor first time moms, and will often cannibalize their first litter. Mice and rats are also more likely to consume their abnormal, defected or diseased infants (4) .
A study from Indiana University with DBA/2 mice showed that providing DietGel® 76A to breeder cages reduced cannibalism by about half. In parallel, a study from Tufts University on C57BL/6 mice showed that adding DietGel® 76A to breeder cages increased pups survival to wean age by about 40%.
To try our products first hand, REQUEST A FREE SAMPLE NOW!
Lack of certain nutrients in the diet, either from scarcity of food supply, malnutrition, unsuitable diets or supplements or by some sterilization methods, are also responsible for a high percentage of pre-weaning loss and cannibalism in rodents (5) . DietGel® Prenatal contains a full spectrum of vitamins and minerals, including essential vitamin B (1 mg of Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and 51.1 mcg of Vitamin B9 (Folate) per 100g). Cannibalism may result from a specific need for protein, and lower protein levels have been linked to higher cannibalism in some species. DietGel® Prenatal contains 14.3 g of protein per 100 g, providing filling nutrients when the females need it the most.
For more information on breeding colony management, download our Best Practices for Rodent Colony Planning, Breeding Support, and Pup Health Guide.
(1) Effect of cold stress on infanticide by female Swiss albino mice Mus musculus: a pilot study. Zafar et al., J. Anim, Sci.Technol 2018
(2) Do Laboratory Mouse Females that Lose Their Litters Behave Differently around Parturition? Weber et al., PloS One 2016
(3) Environmental enrichment prevents pup mortality in laboratory mice. Leidinger et al., Lab Anim 2019
(4) Pup mortality in laboratory mice–infanticide or not? Weber et al., Acta Vet Scand 2013
(5) Diets derived from maize monoculture cause maternal infanticides in the endangered European hamster due to a vitamin B3 deficiency. Tissier et al., Proc Biol Sci. 2016


Freyssinet has developed a dedicated turnkey solution for the design and construction of tall concrete towers for wind turbines, allowing project owners and developers to tap into stronger winds at higher elevations and to maximize the energy produced.
The Freyssinet tower design, made of precast concrete sections assembled by post-tensioning, can be adapted to any turbine requirement. Towers can be either complete concrete or hybrid with a steel section at the top.
The erection method is unique, as it uses purpose-designed equipment: the Eolift®. Developed and patented by Freyssinet, this method allows the erection of towers up to 160 metres and at a wind speed of up to 20 m/s without using cranes. The Eolift® equipment can work throughout the year, unlike standard cranes commonly used for wind tower erection which are limited to a much lower wind speed and have a low utilisation factor. It allows also for the assembly work to take place at a low level, which increases the safety of the operation.
Erection can take less than ten days for towers of 145 metres in height. The concrete design allows the use of Australian resources. Combined with the Eolift® erection method, it reduces the carbon footprint of projects as compared to steel towers erected by cranes.


Scientific Reports, 6 Coral bleaching, coral disease, and coral mortality events are increasing due to high water temperatures attributed to climate change. Looking at the unusually high levels of contagious coral disease in southeastern Florida throughout , the article links the high level of coral mortality to thermally stressed coral colonies. Friedland, K. Progress in Oceanography, , Within the ecosystem of the US Northeast Continental Shelf there are different thermal habitats, and the increasing water temperatures are impacting the quantity of these habitats.
The amounts of warmer, surface habitats have increased whereas the cooler water habitats have decreased. This has the potential to significantly lower quantities of Atlantic Cod as their food zooplankton is affected by the shifts in temperature. Record, N. Oceanography, 32 2 , Climate change is causing ecosystems to rapidly change states, which renders a lot of conservation strategies based on historical patterns ineffective. With deep-water temperatures warming at rates twice as high as surface water rates, species like Calanus finmarchicus, a critical food supply for North Atlantic right whales, have changed their migration patterns.
Economists help climate scientists to improve global warming forecasts
North Atlantic right whales are following their prey out of their historical migration route, changing the pattern, and thus putting them at risk to ship strikes or gear entanglements in areas conservation strategies do not protect them. Bryndum-Buchholz, A.
Twenty-first-century climate change impacts on marine animal biomass and ecosystem structure across ocean basins. Global Change Biology, 25 2 , Climate change affects marine ecosystems in relation to primary production, ocean temperature, species distributions, and abundance at local and global scales. These changes significantly alter marine ecosystem structure and function. This study analyzes the responses of marine animal biomass in response to these climate change stressors. Niiler, E. National Geographic. Recently, the male sharks have stayed farther north as the northern waters become warmer.
Worm, B. Retrieved from: sciencedirect. Long-term fish and plankton monitoring data has provided the most compelling evidence for climate-driven changes in species assemblages. The chapter concludes that conserving marine biodiversity may provide the best buffer against rapid climate change. McCauley, D. Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean. Humans have profoundly affected marine wildlife and the function and structure of the ocean. Marine defaunation, or human-caused animal loss in the ocean, emerged only hundreds of years ago.
Climate change threatens to accelerate marine defaunation over the next century. One of the main drivers of marine wildlife loss is habitat degradation due to climate change, which is avoidable with proactive intervention and restoration. Deutsch, C. Climate change tightens a metabolic constraint on marine habitats.
The Warming Papers
Retrieved from: science. Both the warming of the ocean and the loss of dissolved oxygen will drastically alter marine ecosystems. This forces poleward and vertical contraction of metabolically viable habitats and species ranges. Marcogilese, D. The impact of climate change on the parasites and infectious diseases of aquatic animals. The distribution of parasites and pathogens will be directly and indirectly affected by global warming, which may cascade through food webs with consequences for entire ecosystems.
Transmission rates of parasites and pathogens are directly correlated to temperature, the increasing temperature is increasing transmission rates. Some evidence also suggests that virulence is directly correlated as well. Barry, J. Climate-related, long-term faunal changes in a California rocky intertidal community. Retrieved from: doi. The invertebrate fauna in a California rocky intertidal community has shifted northward when comparing two study periods, one from and the other from This shift northward is consistent with predictions of change associated with climate warming.
When comparing the temperatures from the two study periods, the mean summer maximum temperatures during the period were 2. Brown, K.
Ocean and Climate Change - The Ocean Foundation
Temporal effects of ocean warming and acidification on coral-algal competition. Coral Reefs, 38 2 , Coral reefs and algae are essential to ocean ecosystems and they are in competition with one another due to limited resources. Due to warming water and acidification as a result of climate change, this competition is being altered.
To offset the combined effects of ocean warming and acidification, tests were conducted, but even enhanced photosynthesis was not enough to offset the effects and both corals and algae have reduced survivorship, calcification, and photosynthetic ability. Bruno, J.
The warming papers : the scientific foundation for the climate change forecast
Annual Review of Marine Science, 11, Reef-building corals are being devastated by climate change. To combat this, marine protected areas were established, and the protection of herbivorous fish followed. The others posit that these strategies have had little effect on the overall coral resilience because their main stressor is the rising ocean temperature. To save reef-building corals, efforts need to go past the local level. Anthropogenic climate change needs to be tackled head-on as it is the root cause of global coral decline.
- David Archer!
- Ocean and Climate Change?
- The Merciless Travis Wilde (Mills & Boon Modern) (The Wilde Brothers, Book 3).
- David Archer (scientist)?
- A Highlanders Homecoming (Daughters of the Glen).
- Full Record Display for the EPA National Library Catalog.
The threat to coral reefs from more intense cyclones under climate change. Global Change Biology. Retrieved from: onlinelibrary. Climate change boosts the energy of cyclones that cause coral destruction. While cyclone frequency is not likely to increase, cyclone intensity will as a result of climate warming. Coral reefs in the Anthropocene. Reefs are degrading rapidly in response to a series of anthropogenic drivers.
Because of this, returning reefs to their past configuration is not an option. To combat reef degradation, this article calls for radical changes in science and management to steer reefs through this era while maintaining their biological function.
Studies have begun to predict the elimination of most warm-water coral reefs by although cold-water corals are at lower risk. They assert that unless rapid advances are made in emission reduction, communities that depend on coral reefs to survive are likely to face poverty, social disruption, and regional insecurity.
Global warming and recurrent mass bleaching of corals. Recent recurrent mass coral bleaching events have varied significantly in severity. Using surveys of Australian reefs and sea surface temperatures, the article explains that water quality and fishing pressure had minimal effects on bleaching in , suggesting that local conditions provide little protection against extreme temperatures. Torda, G. Rapid adaptive responses to climate change in corals.
Related The Warming Papers: The Scientific Foundation for the Climate Change Forecast
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The Baltimore Office of Sustainability’s goal is to create an updated
Climate Action Plan that addresses climate inequities in our city while outlining an implementable path to ambitious emissions reductions.
What is a Climate Action Plan?
Climate Action Plans set goals to reduce cities' greenhouse gas emissions, and outline strategies to reach those goals. Reducing emissions mitigates or slows climate change, lessening its negative impacts. Climate Action Plans also include strategies for the City to adapt to the effects of climate change, such as extreme weather (heat and cold), flooding, decreased air quality, and many more.
What is Climate Equity?
Our Climate Equity Action Plan update has a special focus on addressing climate inequities, as many neighborhoods and communities in Baltimore are disproportionately affected by climate change due to decades of systemic racism. Climate inequities appear in many ways, from lack of tree cover and hotter average temperatures in lower-income neighborhoods to differences in the quality of infrastructures like sewer systems that may be affected by flooding, or a neighborhood's environmental health due to proximity to dangerous pollutants from industrial sites.
Through our community engagement process, we hope to identify what an equitable climate future for Baltimore looks like, and what steps we can take to get there.
What Are Greenhouse Gases?
Greenhouse gases act like blankets around the earth. Like a blanket, they trap heat and keep us warm. Having some greenhouse gases is important to keep our planet warm. Carbon dioxide (the air we breathe out) and water vapor are two examples of greenhouse gases. When we are releasing too many greenhouse gases into the air, it is like having too many blankets, and the earth gets too warm.
The Earth's warming due to "too many blankets" can cause extreme weather, sea-level rise, flooding, poor air quality, and many other challenges that affect the present and future of our city.
What does the City of Baltimore want to do about greenhouse gas emissions?
In January of 2021, Mayor Scott announced new goals to decrease the amount of greenhouse gases that the city releases into the air. You can read more about the goals here.
How the city meets those goals is up to you! What should we do first? Should we focus on making homes more energy-efficient and lowering utility bills? Or should we start with improving communities' health by reducing pollutants and making Baltimore's air cleaner? You can tell us by taking our survey.


The modular CO2 transmitter EE870 from E+E Elektronik now measures CO2 concentration up to 5% CO2 (50,000 ppm). The extended measuring range makes the EE870, consisting of CO2 probe, conversion board and connection cable, even more versatile. The interchangeable CO2 probe EE871 with auto-calibration uses an infrared measuring principle (dual wavelength NDIR operation principle) that is particularly insensitive to pollution. Aging effects are compensated automatically, resulting in excellent long-term stability. Thus the CO2 transmitter is ideal for demanding applications.
The multi-point CO2 and temperature adjustment ensures high accuracy over the entire temperature working range of -40…60 °C (-40…140 °F). Additionally, the IP65 probe enclosure with interchangeable PTFE filter offers excellent protection against pollution. Therefore, the CO2 probe can be used in harsh environments such as in agriculture (stables, hatchers, incubators).
The compact design, the M12 connector and the optional mounting flange allow for fast installation or replacement of the CO2 probe. An optional radiation shield is available for outdoor applications.
The measured data range of up to 5 % CO2 (50,000 ppm) is available on the analog current or voltage output and on the Modbus RTU interface of the conversion board. An optional kit facilitates easy configuration and adjustment of the EE871 probe.


Abu Qir’s residential buildings lie dangerously close to the coastline, some built within meters of the rising sea, posing a significant threat to lives and livelihoods. In the winter months the coast nearly vanishes under the waves, which crash up against the buildings, causing structural damage and in some places building collapses.
In the summer months, like this August 8, 2017 photo, Abu Qir sees a rejuvenation of a few meters of coastline as sand creates natural barriers from the sea. But man-made activities, like groundwater extraction to create new green space, has mixed seawater with drinking water, thereby rendering both the land and the water useless.
A series of images commissioned by the Swedish Institute in Alexandria for the Climate Networking Conference 2017 depicting ways in which climate change has already started to affect life in Alexandria and the Nile Delta.
A farmer holds up sea shells in his agricultural land, August 11, 2017. The seashells are what remain from sea water that seeped from Lake Burullus, resulting in salt water intrusion on agricultural land due to a rise in sea and ground water levels. In some areas, this has completely inundated the land and in others it has increased the salinity so much it’s no longer possible to cultivate crops. Salt water intrusion from lake and sea level rise is an immediate threat to the farming lands in the Nile Delta. According to the World Bank, Alexandria and the Nile Delta is one of the most vulnerable areas in the world to climate change. A one meter rise in sea levels will have a catastrophic effect on the lives and livelihoods of the millions of people living in Alexandria and the Nile Delta.
ElMax, a fishing neighbourhood in Egypt’s port city of Alexandria, August 10, 2017. ElMax is a low-lying stretch of land built on either side of the Khandak AlArab canal which feeds into the Mediterranean Sea. Homes are often only a few centimetres above water level and during the winter rainy season this impoverished fishing neighbourhood is often inundated with water, flooding the lower levels of people’s homes. Rising sea levels and more frequent flooding of this area has prompted the government to build alternative housing close by and urge residents to move. According to the World Bank, Alexandria and the Nile Delta is one of the most vulnerable areas in the world to climate change. A one meter rise in sea levels will have a catastrophic effect on the lives and livelihoods of the millions of people living in Alexandria and the Nile Delta.
Children play in a bay at a newly fortified corniche walkway at Bir Massoud in Alexandria, Egypt, August 8, 2017. The city invested in wave breakers and seawalls, but a rise in ground water levels, coupled by a rise in sea levels threaten the already crumbling infrastructure of the city. The millions of people who live in Alexandria and along the low-lying Delta plain are at risk of displacement, as well as loss of livelihoods. A half-meter rise in sea level would have devastating effects on the people and the landscape of the region's most populous country.
Young ballerinas drink water during a photoshoot at the Montaza Palace Gardens, August 8, 2017, the hottest month with average temperatures often reaching above 30C. A three degree rise in in global warming would have devastating effects as sea levels rise. Alexandria, home to millions of people, will see its shores swallowed by the sea with only a half meter rise in sea level, if measures aren't taken tackle the effects climate change.
A father and son ride a horse near the 15th Century Qaitbay Citadel, which was built on the exact site of the ancient Alexandria Lighthouse, in Alexandria, Egypt August 10, 2017. Historical sites like these are under threat from rising sea levels in Alexandria with some sites already suffering damage to their foundations and lower walls. Seawater inundation was found at the base of the Citadel and the stronger waves battering the sides of the citadel bore holes through its walls. Alexandria is one of the world's most vulnerable cities from climate change, affecting the lives and livelihoods of millions of people who live in the city and the Delta region.


The film will make you see trees with new eyes.
Alison Gillmore, Winnipeg Free Press
It's all very earnest and sobering, not to mention beautifully shot by the director himself.
Tara Thorne, The Coast (Halifax, Nova Scotia)
Synopsis:Call Of The Forest: The Forgotten Wisdom Of Trees is a passionate eco-documentary that wants viewers to see both the forest and the trees. Invited to admire the strapping strength and beauty of a single California redwood, we are also asked to consider the global importance of healthy forests, from sacred woods in Japan to boreal forests in Manitoba.
Narrated in a folksy yet authoritative manner by Gordon Pinsent, Call Of The Forest represents a five-year collaboration between the Peabody Award-winning Winnipeg filmmaker Jeffrey McKay and Diana Beresford-Kroeger, an Ottawa-area botanist, biochemist, writer and self-described ‘renegade scientist’. Beresford-Kroeger speaks eloquently about the interconnection of biodiverse forests with air quality, water purity and soil fertility, something that replanted monocultures can’t replicate.
With cinematography that is often breathtaking and never clichéd, the film takes viewers on a journey through the woodlands of the northern hemisphere, starting with what is called ‘forest-bathing’ in Japan, in which people walk through the trees to bask in their beauty and resiny aura. In California, we meet a scientist who talks about the sequoia as ‘a pretty easy tree to fall in love with’. And while the Amazon jungle gets a lot of press, Canada’s boreal forest is just as crucial in the fight for the planet’s future, and the film also explores indigenous approaches to land conservation.
One should know going in that Call Of The Forest is an advocacy documentary, meaning McKay is passionately putting forward one viewpoint. This is occasionally a drawback, as when Beresford-Kroeger sometimes veers off into mystical musings. But it’s also a strength, giving the film a deeply personal sense of commitment.
Call Of The Forest will make you see trees with new eyes. And McKay and Beresford-Kroeger want you to do more than see. Like many advocacy documentaries, Call Of The Forest ends with a call for action. The filmmakers want you – yes, you! – to plant a tree. As soon as possible.
– Alison Gillmore, Winnipeg Free Press
Call of The Forest: The Forgotten Wisdom of Trees
MORE SCREENINGS ADDED!
Narrated by Gordon Pinsent
G - Subtitled


Californians! Tier1 Motorsports cares about you and your beautiful state!
California requires the following notice:
WARNING: Motor vehicles contain fuel, oils and fluids, battery posts, terminals and related accessories which contain lead and lead compounds and other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects and other reproductive harm. These chemicals are found in vehicles, vehicle parts and accessories, both new and as replacements. When being serviced, these vehicles generate used oil, waste fluids, grease, fumes and particulates, all known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, and reproductive harm.
Additional Information about Proposition 65:
For background on the new Proposition 65 warnings, see https://www.p65warnings.ca.gov/new-proposition-65-warnings.
Proposition 65 and its regulations are posted at https://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65/law/proposition-65-law-and-regulations.


Hi 44 °F
|NWS forecast: Scattered showers, mainly between 8am and 11am. Cloudy, with a high near 44. North wind 7 to 16 mph, with gusts as high as 25 mph. Chance of precipitation is 30%. New precipitation amounts of less than a tenth of an inch possible.
Lo 30 °F
|NWS forecast: A chance of snow showers before 2am, then a slight chance of flurries. Cloudy, with a low around 30. North wind around 16 mph, with gusts as high as 25 mph. Chance of precipitation is 30%. New snow accumulation of less than a half inch possible.


Located in the stunning southern Finnish Lake District, Lake Side Lodge Pääskylä has plenty to see and do in the area.
You’re right next to the Laippanmaa Forest, where you can go hiking for hours and fill your basket in late summer and early fall with mushrooms and blueberries. Guided Hikes and guided Canoe tours are available upon request.
If you want to feel the wind in your hair, catch a ferry over the Great Paijänne-Lake. In the past, waterways were the only means of transportation. Still today, the old steamboats take you from Lahti up to Jyväskylä. You can board a ferry also in Padasjoki.
Finland has a breathtakingly rich wildlife. One of the rarest seal species in the world lives in Lake Saimaa; the Saimaa ringed Seal. Have a glance at these rare animals and make a seal-watching excursion with a wooden boat to Linnansaari National Park.
Also bears, wolves, lynx, wolverines and moose inhabit Finland’s forests. The best way to observe them in their natural habitat is by booking a wildlife-watching excursion.
Tampere, Helsinki and Lahti are vibrant cities. Finland is famous for its design. So spend a rainy day in a Museum, go shopping for Finnish design or adore great Finnish Architecture.
If your kids want some action, take them to the Moomin World in Naantali, just outside Turku or to Särkänniemi Adventure Park inTampere.
For more ideas, also check out the not only very informative but also very beautifully done website vistifinnlad.com.


Organically produced cotton cannot use any harmful chemicals. By farming cotton organically the harmful impact of pesticides to the land is eliminated and therefore soil fertility and biodiversity is greatly increased. Water in not polluted by these chemicals therefore aquatic life is unharmed by organic cotton production.
Our organic cotton yarns use only cotton from certified organic cotton farms in China. The dyes and the dying process used by Origin meet strict eco guidelines, ensuring that the finished yarns are as environmentally friendly as possible.
Soft and supple, cotton yarns are perfect for warm weather tops & accessories that will keep you knitting/crocheting year-round. Cotton yarns are known to be strong, durable, and have excellent water absorption properties with short drying times, which makes them great for the kiddos, bath and kitchen accessories. With excellent stitch definition, cotton yarns are great for colorwork and textured stitches, making this a fiber you don’t want to miss out on!


CR 474 El Campo, TX 77437
- Acres: Approximately 200
If you have been searching for a place to run livestock, bird hunt, fish, or build a home, then be sure to stop and look at the details of this property. At approximately 200 acres of native rangeland, the ponds and wetlands located throughout provide water sources for livestock, habitat for waterfowl, and some are stocked with perch and bass, creating multiple ways for you to enjoy this property.
Whether you are looking to create a weekend retreat or a place to build a homestead, there are several locations with close access to power, that would make an ideal view of the natural surroundings.
Take the time to view the interactive map that can be found at the bottom of this lisitng.
Topography, Rangeland and Habitat: The soils are equally divided between Cieno and Kuy sand. The topography is generally flat with open rangeland, and native grasses cover the subject. One could easily improve the waterfowl hunting even more by creating additional wetlands
Water: There are several natural wetland areas, several manmade ponds. One domestic well is located near the large pond along the northern portion of the property, and another close to the cattle pens.
Fencing: Fencing is in good condition, and cross fencing in-place creates several separate pastures.
Improvements: There is an over water bridge, pier, and gazebo located in the large pond found on the north portion of the subject. There is a set of small cattle pens.
Electricity: Electricity is available on the property. There are transmission lines that run along the Northern and Eastern property boundaries, so adding power to more areas of the property would be easily accessible.
Minerals: Property being sold as Surface Only; no minerals are being offered or owned by the current surface owner. There is no production or lease currently on the property.
Taxes: The property is taxed at 1-D-1 Ag Value in Wharton County.
The subject consists of 3 tracts:
Location: Only 1 hour and 20 minutes from downtown Houston, 10 minutes North of El Campo, and right off Hwy 71 make for quick and easy access. This area of Wharton County is known for diverse farming and ranching activities, and the El Campo area is notorious for its bird hunting in the fall and winter. This coupled with being 45 minutes from the Texas Coast makes it a great central location to enjoy year-round.
Showing: All showings must be scheduled at least 24-hrs in advance. Seller reserves the right to pre-qualify any potential buyers prior to a showing.
Price: Offered at $5500/acre